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Available in 14 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-14" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">14 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B3_%D8%A3%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%AF" title="لويس أرميستيد – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="لويس أرميستيد" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis_Armistead" title="Lewis Armistead – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Lewis Armistead" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis_Addison_Armistead" title="Lewis Addison Armistead – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Lewis Addison Armistead" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis_Addison_Armistead" title="Lewis Addison Armistead – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Lewis Addison Armistead" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis_Armistead" title="Lewis Armistead – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Lewis Armistead" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis_Addison_Armistead" title="Lewis Addison Armistead – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Lewis Addison Armistead" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis_Addison_Armistead" title="Lewis Addison Armistead – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lewis Addison Armistead" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%AF" title="لويس ارميستيد – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="لويس ارميستيد" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AB%E3%82%A4%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A2%E3%83%BC%E3%83%9F%E3%82%B9%E3%83%86%E3%83%83%E3%83%89" title="ルイス・アーミステッド – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ルイス・アーミステッド" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis_Armistead" title="Lewis Armistead – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Lewis Armistead" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B4,_%D0%9B%D1%8C%D1%8E%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Армистед, Льюис – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Армистед, Льюис" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis_Addison_Armistead" title="Lewis Addison Armistead – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Lewis Addison Armistead" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis_Armistead" title="Lewis Armistead – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Lewis Armistead" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B7%AF%E6%98%93%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E4%BA%9E%E7%B1%B3%E6%96%AF%E5%BE%B7" title="路易斯·亞米斯德 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="路易斯·亞米斯德" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q659645#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div 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searchaux" style="display:none">Confederate general (1817–1863)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%; background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div style="display:inline-block" class="fn">Lewis Armistead</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa;; line-height: 1.5em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lewis_A._Armistead.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Lewis_A._Armistead.jpg/200px-Lewis_A._Armistead.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="273" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Lewis_A._Armistead.jpg/300px-Lewis_A._Armistead.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Lewis_A._Armistead.jpg/400px-Lewis_A._Armistead.jpg 2x" data-file-width="802" data-file-height="1096" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="font-size: 100%">Armistead, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1861–1863</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Nickname(s)</th><td class="infobox-data nickname"><a href="/wiki/Lothario" title="Lothario">"Lo"</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1817-02-18</span>)</span>February 18, 1817<br /><a href="/wiki/New_Bern,_North_Carolina" title="New Bern, North Carolina">New Bern, North Carolina</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">July 5, 1863<span style="display:none">(1863-07-05)</span> (aged 46)<br /><a href="/wiki/Gettysburg,_Pennsylvania" title="Gettysburg, Pennsylvania">Gettysburg, Pennsylvania</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Buried</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="label"><a href="/wiki/Old_Saint_Paul%27s_Cemetery" title="Old Saint Paul's Cemetery">Old Saint Paul's Cemetery</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Baltimore,_Maryland" class="mw-redirect" title="Baltimore, Maryland">Baltimore, Maryland</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Allegiance</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Flag_of_the_Confederate_States_%281865%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Confederate_States_%281865%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Flag_of_the_Confederate_States_%281865%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Confederate_States_%281865%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Flag_of_the_Confederate_States_%281865%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Confederate_States_%281865%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_of_America" title="Confederate States of America">Confederate States</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Service <wbr />/ branch</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_War.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_War.png/23px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_War.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_War.png/35px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_War.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_War.png/46px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_War.png 2x" data-file-width="2383" data-file-height="2358" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">United States Army</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Battle_flag_of_the_Confederate_States_of_America_%281-1%29.svg/17px-Battle_flag_of_the_Confederate_States_of_America_%281-1%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Battle_flag_of_the_Confederate_States_of_America_%281-1%29.svg/26px-Battle_flag_of_the_Confederate_States_of_America_%281-1%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Battle_flag_of_the_Confederate_States_of_America_%281-1%29.svg/34px-Battle_flag_of_the_Confederate_States_of_America_%281-1%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_Army" title="Confederate States Army">Confederate States Army</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Years of service</th><td class="infobox-data">1839–61 (USA)<br />1861–63 (CSA)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Union_army_maj_rank_insignia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Union_army_maj_rank_insignia.jpg/35px-Union_army_maj_rank_insignia.jpg" decoding="async" width="35" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Union_army_maj_rank_insignia.jpg/53px-Union_army_maj_rank_insignia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Union_army_maj_rank_insignia.jpg/70px-Union_army_maj_rank_insignia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1365" data-file-height="544" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Brevet_(military)" title="Brevet (military)">Brevet</a> <a href="/wiki/Major_(United_States)" title="Major (United States)">Major (USA)</a><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Confederate_States_of_America_General-collar.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Confederate_States_of_America_General-collar.svg/35px-Confederate_States_of_America_General-collar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Confederate_States_of_America_General-collar.svg/53px-Confederate_States_of_America_General-collar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Confederate_States_of_America_General-collar.svg/70px-Confederate_States_of_America_General-collar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1034" data-file-height="530" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Brigadier_General_(CSA)" class="mw-redirect" title="Brigadier General (CSA)">Brigadier General (CSA)</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Unit</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/6th_Infantry_Regiment_(United_States)" title="6th Infantry Regiment (United States)">6th U.S. Infantry</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Commands</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/57th_Virginia_Infantry" class="mw-redirect" title="57th Virginia Infantry">57th Virginia Infantry</a><br /><span class="nowrap">Armistead's Bde, <a href="/wiki/George_E._Pickett" class="mw-redirect" title="George E. Pickett">Pickett's</a> Div, <a href="/wiki/First_Corps,_Army_of_Northern_Virginia" title="First Corps, Army of Northern Virginia">I Corps</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Battles / wars</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1116488514">.mw-parser-output .treeview ul{padding:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .treeview li{padding:0;margin:0;list-style-type:none;list-style-image:none}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li{background:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Treeview-grey-line.png")no-repeat 0 -2981px;padding-left:21px;text-indent:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li:last-child{background-position:0 -5971px}.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>.mw-empty-elt:first-child+.emptyline,.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>li:first-child{background-position:0 9px}</style><div class="treeview"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mexican%E2%80%93American_War" title="Mexican–American War">Mexican–American War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chapultepec" title="Battle of Chapultepec">Battle of Chapultepec</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohave_War" title="Mohave War">Mohave War</a> <ul><li>Battle of the Colorado River (1859)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Seven_Pines" title="Battle of Seven Pines">Battle of Seven Pines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_Days_Battles" title="Seven Days Battles">Seven Days Battles</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Malvern_Hill" title="Battle of Malvern Hill">Battle of Malvern Hill</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Manassas" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Battle of Manassas">Second Battle of Manassas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Antietam" title="Battle of Antietam">Battle of Antietam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Fredericksburg" title="Battle of Fredericksburg">Battle of Fredericksburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gettysburg" title="Battle of Gettysburg">Battle of Gettysburg</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pickett%27s_Charge" title="Pickett's Charge">Pickett's Charge</a>  <a href="/wiki/Killed_in_action" title="Killed in action"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Old English Text MT',serif"><b>†</b></span></a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Relations</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Walker_Keith_Armistead" title="Walker Keith Armistead">Walker Keith Armistead</a> (father)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Armistead" title="George Armistead">George Armistead</a> (uncle)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Stanly" title="Edward Stanly">Edward Stanly</a> (uncle)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Stanly_(politician)" title="John Stanly (politician)">John Stanly</a> (grandfather)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Lewis Addison Armistead</b> (February 18, 1817 – July 5, 1863) was a career <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">United States Army</a> officer who became a <a href="/wiki/General_officers_in_the_Confederate_States_Army#Brigadier_general" title="General officers in the Confederate States Army">brigadier general</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_Army" title="Confederate States Army">Confederate States Army</a> during the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a>. On July 3, 1863, as part of <a href="/wiki/Pickett%27s_Charge" title="Pickett's Charge">Pickett's Charge</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gettysburg" title="Battle of Gettysburg">Battle of Gettysburg</a>, Armistead led his brigade to the farthest point reached by Confederate forces during the charge, a point now referred to as the <a href="/wiki/High-water_mark_of_the_Confederacy" title="High-water mark of the Confederacy">high-water mark of the Confederacy</a>. However, he and his men were overwhelmed, and he was wounded and captured by Union troops. He died in a field hospital two days later. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lewis_Armistead&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Armistead, known to friends as "Lo" (for <i><a href="/wiki/Lothario" title="Lothario">Lothario</a></i>),<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was born in the home of his great-grandfather, John Wright Stanly, in <a href="/wiki/New_Bern,_North_Carolina" title="New Bern, North Carolina">New Bern, North Carolina</a>, to <a href="/wiki/Walker_Keith_Armistead" title="Walker Keith Armistead">Walker Keith Armistead</a> and Elizabeth Stanly.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He came from an esteemed military family.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Armistead was of entirely English descent, and all of his ancestry had been in Virginia since the early 1600s.<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first of his ancestors to emigrate to North America was William Armistead from <a href="/wiki/Yorkshire,_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Yorkshire, England">Yorkshire, England</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Armistead's father was one of five brothers who fought in the <a href="/wiki/War_of_1812" title="War of 1812">War of 1812</a>; another was Major <a href="/wiki/George_Armistead" title="George Armistead">George Armistead</a>, the commander of <a href="/wiki/Fort_McHenry" title="Fort McHenry">Fort McHenry</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Baltimore" title="Battle of Baltimore">battle</a> that inspired <a href="/wiki/Francis_Scott_Key" title="Francis Scott Key">Francis Scott Key</a> to write "<a href="/wiki/The_Star-Spangled_Banner" title="The Star-Spangled Banner">The Star-Spangled Banner</a>", which would later become the national anthem of the United States. On his mother's side, his grandfather <a href="/wiki/John_Stanly_(politician)" title="John Stanly (politician)">John Stanly</a> was a <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. Congressman</a>, and his uncle <a href="/wiki/Edward_Stanly" title="Edward Stanly">Edward Stanly</a> served as military governor of eastern North Carolina during the Civil War.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Armistead attended the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Military_Academy" title="United States Military Academy">United States Military Academy</a>, joining in 1833 but resigning the same year. He rejoined in 1834 but was found deficient and had to repeat his class once more. In 1836 he resigned again following an incident in which he broke a plate over the head of fellow cadet (and future Confederate general) <a href="/wiki/Jubal_Early" title="Jubal Early">Jubal Early</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was also having academic difficulties, however, particularly in French (a subject of difficulty for many West Point cadets of that era), and some historians cite academic failure as his true reason for leaving the academy.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>His influential father managed to obtain for his son a <a href="/wiki/Second_Lieutenant#United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Lieutenant">second lieutenant</a>'s commission in the 6th U.S. Infantry on July 10, 1839, at roughly the time his classmates graduated. He was promoted to first lieutenant on March 30, 1844. Armistead's first marriage was to Cecelia Lee Love, a distant cousin of <a href="/wiki/Robert_E._Lee" title="Robert E. Lee">Robert E. Lee</a>, in 1844.<sup id="cite_ref-Krick104_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krick104-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They had two children: Walker Keith Armistead and Flora Lee Armistead. </p><p>Armistead then served in <a href="/wiki/Fort_Towson" title="Fort Towson">Fort Towson</a>, Oklahoma and <a href="/wiki/Fort_Washita" title="Fort Washita">Fort Washita</a> near the Oklahoma border. Serving in the <a href="/wiki/Mexican%E2%80%93American_War" title="Mexican–American War">Mexican War</a>, he was appointed <a href="/wiki/Brevet_(military)" title="Brevet (military)">brevet</a> <a href="/wiki/Captain_(U.S._Army)" class="mw-redirect" title="Captain (U.S. Army)">captain</a> for <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Contreras" title="Battle of Contreras">Contreras</a> and <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Churubusco" title="Battle of Churubusco">Churubusco</a>, wounded at <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chapultepec" title="Battle of Chapultepec">Chapultepec</a>, and was appointed a brevet <a href="/wiki/Major_(United_States)" title="Major (United States)">major</a> for <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Molino_del_Rey" title="Battle of Molino del Rey">Molino del Rey</a> and Chapultepec.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Armistead continued in the Army after the Mexican War, assigned in 1849 to recruiting duty in Kentucky, where he was diagnosed with a severe case of <a href="/wiki/Erysipelas" title="Erysipelas">erysipelas</a>, but he later recovered. In April 1850, the Armisteads lost their little girl, Flora Love, at <a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Barracks" class="mw-redirect" title="Jefferson Barracks">Jefferson Barracks</a>. Armistead was posted to <a href="/wiki/Fort_Dodge" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort Dodge">Fort Dodge</a>, but in the winter he had to take his wife Cecelia to <a href="/wiki/Mobile,_Alabama" title="Mobile, Alabama">Mobile, Alabama</a>, where she died December 12, 1850, from an unknown cause. He returned to Fort Dodge. In 1852 the Armistead family home in Virginia burned, destroying nearly everything. Armistead took leave in October 1852 to go home and help his family. While on leave Armistead married his second wife, the widow Cornelia Taliaferro Jamison, in <a href="/wiki/Alexandria,_Virginia" title="Alexandria, Virginia">Alexandria, Virginia</a>, on March 17, 1853.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2010)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> They both went west when Armistead returned to duty shortly thereafter. </p><p>The new Armistead family traveled from post to post in Nebraska, Missouri, and Kansas. The couple had one child, Lewis B. Armistead, who died on December 6, 1854, and was also buried at Jefferson Barracks next to Flora Lee Armistead. He was promoted to captain on March 3, 1855.<sup id="cite_ref-Eicher107_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Eicher107-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His second wife, Cornelia Taliaferro Jamison, died on August 3, 1855, at <a href="/wiki/Fort_Riley,_Kansas" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort Riley, Kansas">Fort Riley, Kansas</a>, during a <a href="/wiki/Cholera" title="Cholera">cholera</a> <a href="/wiki/Epidemic" title="Epidemic">epidemic</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2010)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Between 1855 and 1858 Armistead served at posts on the <a href="/wiki/Smoky_Hill_River" title="Smoky Hill River">Smoky Hill River</a> in <a href="/wiki/Kansas_Territory" title="Kansas Territory">Kansas Territory</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bent%27s_Fort" class="mw-redirect" title="Bent's Fort">Bent's Fort</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pole_Creek,_Nebraska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pole Creek, Nebraska (page does not exist)">Pole Creek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Laramie_River" title="Laramie River">Laramie River</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Republican_River" title="Republican River">Republican Fork of the Kansas River</a> in <a href="/wiki/Nebraska_Territory" title="Nebraska Territory">Nebraska Territory</a>. In 1858, his <a href="/wiki/6th_Infantry_Regiment_(United_States)" title="6th Infantry Regiment (United States)">6th Infantry Regiment</a> was sent as part of the reinforcements sent to <a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a> in the aftermath of the <a href="/wiki/Utah_War" title="Utah War">Utah War</a>. Not being required there, they were sent to California with the intention of sending them on to <a href="/wiki/Washington_Territory" title="Washington Territory">Washington Territory</a>. However, a <a href="/wiki/Mohave_people" title="Mohave people">Mohave</a> attack on civilians on the <a href="/wiki/Edward_Fitzgerald_Beale#The_Beale_Wagon_Road_and_Camel_Corps" title="Edward Fitzgerald Beale">Beale Wagon Road</a> diverted his regiment to the southern deserts along the <a href="/wiki/Colorado_River" title="Colorado River">Colorado River</a> to participate in the <a href="/wiki/Mohave_War" title="Mohave War">Mojave Expedition of 1858–59</a>. </p><p>Lt. Col. <a href="/wiki/William_Hoffman_(U.S._Army)" class="mw-redirect" title="William Hoffman (U.S. Army)">William Hoffman</a>, at the head of a column of six companies of infantry, two of dragoons, and some artillery, struggled up the Colorado River from Fort Yuma. On April 23, 1859, Colonel Hoffman dictated a peace to the overawed Mohave chiefs, threatening annihilation to the tribe if they did not cease hostilities, make no opposition to the establishment of posts and roads through their country, and allow travel free from their harassment. Hoffman also took some of their leading men or family members hostage. Afterward he left for <a href="/wiki/San_Bernardino" class="mw-redirect" title="San Bernardino">San Bernardino</a>, taking most of his force with him; others went down river by steamboat or overland to Fort Tejon. </p><p>Captain Armistead was left with two infantry companies and the column's artillery to garrison Hoffman's encampment at Beale's Crossing on the east bank of the Colorado River, Camp Colorado. Armistead renamed the post <a href="/wiki/Fort_Mojave" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort Mojave">Fort Mojave</a>. In late June 1859 the Mohave hostages escaped from Fort Yuma. Trouble broke out with the Mohave a few weeks later when they stole stock from a mail station that had been established two miles south of Fort Mojave, and attacked it. Mohaves tore up melons planted by the soldiers near the fort, and the soldiers shot a Mohave who was working in a garden. Eventually after a few weeks of aggressive patrolling and skirmishes, Armistead attacked the Mohave who returned fire in a battle between about 50 soldiers and 200 Mohave, resulting in three soldiers wounded. Twenty-three Mohave bodies were found but more were killed and wounded and removed by the Mohave. Following this defeat, the Mohave made a peace, which they kept from then on.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Civil_War">Civil War</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lewis_Armistead&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Civil War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Armistead%27s_last_stand.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Armistead%27s_last_stand.png/220px-Armistead%27s_last_stand.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Armistead%27s_last_stand.png/330px-Armistead%27s_last_stand.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Armistead%27s_last_stand.png/440px-Armistead%27s_last_stand.png 2x" data-file-width="1075" data-file-height="915" /></a><figcaption>This monument on the <a href="/wiki/Gettysburg_Battlefield" title="Gettysburg Battlefield">Gettysburg Battlefield</a> marks the approximate place where Armistead was mortally wounded. The wall behind the monument marks the Union lines.</figcaption></figure> <p>When the Civil War began, Captain Armistead was in command of the small garrison at the <a href="/wiki/New_San_Diego_Depot" class="mw-redirect" title="New San Diego Depot">New San Diego Depot</a><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in <a href="/wiki/San_Diego" title="San Diego">San Diego</a>, which was occupied in 1860. He was a close friend of <a href="/wiki/Winfield_Scott_Hancock" title="Winfield Scott Hancock">Winfield Scott Hancock</a>, serving with him as a <a href="/wiki/Quartermaster" title="Quartermaster">quartermaster</a> in <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>, before the Civil War. Accounts say that in a farewell party before leaving to join the Confederate army, Armistead told Hancock, "Goodbye; you can never know what this has cost me."<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When the war started, Armistead departed from California to Texas with the <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Mounted_Rifles" class="mw-redirect" title="Los Angeles Mounted Rifles">Los Angeles Mounted Rifles</a>, then traveled east and received a commission as a <a href="/wiki/Major_(United_States)" title="Major (United States)">major</a>, but was quickly promoted to <a href="/wiki/Colonel" title="Colonel">colonel</a> of the <a href="/wiki/57th_Virginia_Infantry" class="mw-redirect" title="57th Virginia Infantry">57th Virginia Infantry</a> <a href="/wiki/Regiment" title="Regiment">regiment</a>. He served in the western part of Virginia, but soon returned to the east and the <a href="/wiki/Army_of_Northern_Virginia" title="Army of Northern Virginia">Army of Northern Virginia</a>. He fought as a <a href="/wiki/Brigade" title="Brigade">brigade</a> commander at <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Seven_Pines" title="Battle of Seven Pines">Seven Pines</a>, and then under <a href="/wiki/Full_General_(CSA)" class="mw-redirect" title="Full General (CSA)">General</a> <a href="/wiki/Robert_E._Lee" title="Robert E. Lee">Robert E. Lee</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Seven_Days_Battles" title="Seven Days Battles">Seven Days Battles</a> (where he was chosen to spearhead the bloody assault on <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Malvern_Hill" title="Battle of Malvern Hill">Malvern Hill</a>), and <a href="/wiki/Second_Bull_Run" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Bull Run">Second Bull Run</a>. At <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Antietam" title="Battle of Antietam">Antietam</a>, he served as Lee's <a href="/wiki/Provost_marshal" title="Provost marshal">provost marshal</a>, a frustrating job due to the high levels of desertion that plagued the army in that campaign. Then he was a brigade commander in <a href="/wiki/Maj._Gen._(CSA)" class="mw-redirect" title="Maj. Gen. (CSA)">Maj. Gen.</a> <a href="/wiki/George_Pickett" title="George Pickett">George Pickett</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Division_(military)" title="Division (military)">division</a> at <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Fredericksburg" title="Battle of Fredericksburg">Fredericksburg</a>. Because he was with <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_General_(CSA)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieutenant General (CSA)">Lt. Gen.</a> <a href="/wiki/James_Longstreet" title="James Longstreet">James Longstreet</a>'s <a href="/wiki/First_Corps,_Army_of_Northern_Virginia" title="First Corps, Army of Northern Virginia">First Corps</a> near <a href="/wiki/Suffolk,_Virginia" title="Suffolk, Virginia">Suffolk, Virginia</a> in the spring of 1863, he missed the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chancellorsville" title="Battle of Chancellorsville">Battle of Chancellorsville</a>. </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gettysburg" title="Battle of Gettysburg">Battle of Gettysburg</a>, Armistead's brigade arrived the evening of July 2, 1863. Armistead was mortally wounded the next day while leading his brigade towards the center of the Union line in <a href="/wiki/Pickett%27s_Charge" title="Pickett's Charge">Pickett's Charge</a>. Armistead led his brigade from the front, waving his hat from the tip of his saber, and reached the stone wall at <a href="/wiki/The_Angle" title="The Angle">The Angle</a>, which served as the charge's objective. The brigade got farther in the charge than any other, an event sometimes known as the <a href="/wiki/High-water_mark_of_the_Confederacy" title="High-water mark of the Confederacy">high-water mark of the Confederacy</a>, but it was quickly overwhelmed by a Union counterattack. Armistead was shot three times just after crossing the wall. Union Captain <a href="/wiki/Henry_H._Bingham" title="Henry H. Bingham">Henry H. Bingham</a> received Armistead's personal effects and carried the news to Union Major General Winfield Hancock, Armistead's friend from before the war.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Halleran26_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Halleran26-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Armistead's wounds were not believed to be mortal; he had been shot in the fleshy part of the arm and below the knee, and according to the surgeon who tended him, none of the wounds caused bone, artery, or nerve damage.<sup id="cite_ref-www.gdg.org_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-www.gdg.org-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was then taken to a Union <a href="/wiki/Field_hospital" title="Field hospital">field hospital</a> at the George Spangler Farm<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> where he died two days later. Dr. Daniel Brinton, the chief surgeon at the Union hospital there, had expected Armistead to survive because he characterized the two bullet wounds as not of a "serious character." He wrote that the death "was not from his wounds directly, but from secondary bacterium, fever and prostration."<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lewis Armistead is buried next to his uncle, Lieutenant Colonel <a href="/wiki/George_Armistead" title="George Armistead">George Armistead</a>, commander of the garrison of <a href="/wiki/Fort_McHenry" title="Fort McHenry">Fort McHenry</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Baltimore" title="Battle of Baltimore">Battle of Baltimore</a>, at the <a href="/wiki/Old_Saint_Paul%27s_Cemetery" title="Old Saint Paul's Cemetery">Old Saint Paul's Cemetery</a> in <a href="/wiki/Baltimore,_Maryland" class="mw-redirect" title="Baltimore, Maryland">Baltimore, Maryland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lewis_Armistead&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Armistead's sword was returned to the South at a reunion of Civil War veterans held at Gettysburg in 1906.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>His death is memorialized in the <a href="/wiki/Friend_to_Friend_Masonic_Memorial" title="Friend to Friend Masonic Memorial">Friend to Friend Masonic Memorial</a> located on the <a href="/wiki/Gettysburg_Battlefield" title="Gettysburg Battlefield">Gettysburg Battlefield</a>, dedicated in 1994.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_media">In popular media</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lewis_Armistead&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: In popular media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <i><a href="/wiki/Gettysburg_(1993_film)" title="Gettysburg (1993 film)">Gettysburg</a></i>, the film version of <a href="/wiki/Michael_Shaara" title="Michael Shaara">Michael Shaara</a>'s novel <i><a href="/wiki/The_Killer_Angels" title="The Killer Angels">The Killer Angels</a></i>, Armistead was portrayed by actor <a href="/wiki/Richard_Jordan" title="Richard Jordan">Richard Jordan</a>, who died shortly afterwards.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the film, the meeting between Armistead and Bingham at the High Water Mark was altered with Lt. <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Chamberlain_(soldier)" title="Thomas Chamberlain (soldier)">Thomas Chamberlain</a> (portrayed by <a href="/wiki/C._Thomas_Howell" title="C. Thomas Howell">C. Thomas Howell</a>), brother of Col. <a href="/wiki/Joshua_Lawrence_Chamberlain" class="mw-redirect" title="Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain">Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain</a>, taking Bingham's place. In the original novel and in the movie, Armistead was shot in the chest; in the novel, Armistead dies on the spot, but that is corrected to two days afterward in the movie end titles. </p><p>Actor <a href="/wiki/John_Prosky" title="John Prosky">John Prosky</a> depicted Armistead for a special appearance in <i><a href="/wiki/Gods_and_Generals_(film)" title="Gods and Generals (film)">Gods and Generals</a></i>, accompanying Pickett at <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Fredericksburg" title="Battle of Fredericksburg">Fredericksburg</a>. </p><p>Armistead is a character in the <a href="/wiki/Alternate_history_(fiction)" class="mw-redirect" title="Alternate history (fiction)">alternate history</a> novel <i><a href="/wiki/Gettysburg:_A_Novel_of_the_Civil_War" title="Gettysburg: A Novel of the Civil War">Gettysburg: A Novel of the Civil War</a></i> (2003) by <a href="/wiki/Newt_Gingrich" title="Newt Gingrich">Newt Gingrich</a> and <a href="/wiki/William_Forstchen" class="mw-redirect" title="William Forstchen">William Forstchen</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lewis_Armistead&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_American_Civil_War_generals_(Confederate)" title="List of American Civil War generals (Confederate)">List of American Civil War generals (Confederate)</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/United_states_confederate_flag_hybrid.png/28px-United_states_confederate_flag_hybrid.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/United_states_confederate_flag_hybrid.png/42px-United_states_confederate_flag_hybrid.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/United_states_confederate_flag_hybrid.png/56px-United_states_confederate_flag_hybrid.png 2x" data-file-width="1875" data-file-height="1875" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:American_Civil_War" title="Portal:American Civil War">American Civil War portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/28px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/41px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/55px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography portal</a></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lewis_Armistead&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wright, p. 179, describes this name as "a joke on the shy and quiet-spoken widower who was known to admire the ladies." Foote, pp. 533-34, writes "A widower ... he was a great admirer of the ladies and enjoyed posing as a swain. This had earned him the nickname 'Lo,' an abbreviation Lothario, which was scarcely in keeping with his close-cropped, grizzled beard or receding hairline.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Who Was Who in American History - the Military</i>. Chicago: Marquis Who's Who. 1975. p. 14. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0837932017" title="Special:BookSources/0837932017"><bdi>0837932017</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Who+Was+Who+in+American+History+-+the+Military&rft.place=Chicago&rft.pages=14&rft.pub=Marquis+Who%27s+Who&rft.date=1975&rft.isbn=0837932017&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALewis+Armistead" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Armistead, lewis addison (1817-1863). Encyclopedia of the American Civil War: A Political, Social, and Military History. 2000.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto1-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Virginia Armistead Garber, <i>The Armistead Family: 1635-1910</i>, p. 15.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ancestry.com/facts/armistead-name-meaning.ashx">"Armistead Name Meaning & Armistead Family History at Ancestry.com"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Ancestry.com" title="Ancestry.com">Ancestry.com</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ancestry.com&rft.atitle=Armistead+Name+Meaning+%26+Armistead+Family+History+at+Ancestry.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ancestry.com%2Ffacts%2Farmistead-name-meaning.ashx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALewis+Armistead" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.si.edu/encyclopedia_Si/nmah/starflag.htm">Encyclopedia Smithsonian: Star Spangled Banner and the War of 1812:</a> Making the Star Spangled Banner</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Resignation of Cadet Lewis A. Armistead</i>, January 29, 1836, RG 77, E 18, National Archives. Eicher, p. 107, states that he "resigned presumably" for breaking the plate. Wert, p. 40, and Warner, p. 11, characterize Armistead as being "dismissed" from the Academy for his action. Poindexter, p. 144 (the source credited by Warner), recalls that Armistead "was retired from West Point."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Johnson, p. 78.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Krick104-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Krick104_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Krick, pp. 104-05. Krick, one of the foremost historians of the Army of Northern Virginia, does not acknowledge multiple marriages. He states that Cecilia (his spelling) died on August 3, 1855, at Fort Riley, Kansas, during a cholera epidemic.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Eicher107-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Eicher107_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Eicher, p. 107.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Krick, p. 110; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/jotr/history7.htm">"The Native Americans of Joshua Tree National Park: An Ethnographic Overview and Assessment Study/"</a> Cultural Systems Research, Inc., August 22, 2002, VII. Mojave.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.militarymuseum.org/SDBks.html">"Historic California Posts: San Diego Barracks (Including New San Diego Depot)"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Historic+California+Posts%3A+San+Diego+Barracks+%28Including+New+San+Diego+Depot%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.militarymuseum.org%2FSDBks.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALewis+Armistead" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Krick, p. 110.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060617133902/http://brotherswar.com/Civil_War_Quotes_4k.htm">"The American Civil War: Quotes - Captain Henry H. Bingham"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.brotherswar.com/Civil_War_Quotes_4k.htm">the original</a> on June 17, 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+American+Civil+War%3A+Quotes+-+Captain+Henry+H.+Bingham&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.brotherswar.com%2FCivil_War_Quotes_4k.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALewis+Armistead" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Halleran26-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Halleran26_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Halleran, Michael A. <i>The Better Angels of Our Nature: Freemasonry in the American Civil War</i>. Tuscaloosa: The University of Alabama Press, 2010. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8173-1695-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8173-1695-2">978-0-8173-1695-2</a>. pp. 26–30</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-www.gdg.org-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-www.gdg.org_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gdg.org/Research/People/Armistead/dtarm.html"><i>Armistead's Death</i></a>, article at Gettysburg Discussion Group by Bryan Meyer.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Henry Bishop, Sr. sold the property in 1848 to George Spangler. At the time of the sale the farm consisted of some 80 acres. Spangler lived on the property for fifty-six years and died in his 88th year in the home in 1904.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Smith, pp. 174-75.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Poindexter, pp. 144, 150.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrazier1906" class="citation book cs1">Frazier, John W (1906). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QeNYAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA10"><i>Reunion of the Blue and Gray: Philadelphia Brigade and Pickett's Division</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(Google Books)</span>. Philadelphia: Ware Bros, Company, Printers<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 6,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Reunion+of+the+Blue+and+Gray%3A+Philadelphia+Brigade+and+Pickett%27s+Division&rft.place=Philadelphia&rft.pub=Ware+Bros%2C+Company%2C+Printers&rft.date=1906&rft.aulast=Frazier&rft.aufirst=John+W&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQeNYAAAAMAAJ%26pg%3DPA10&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALewis+Armistead" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0430151/">"Richard Jordan"</a>. <i>IMDB.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 9,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IMDB.com&rft.atitle=Richard+Jordan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imdb.com%2Fname%2Fnm0430151%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALewis+Armistead" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lewis_Armistead&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Bessel, Paul M. "Masons." In <i>Encyclopedia of the American Civil War: A Political, Social, and Military History</i>, edited by David S. Heidler and Jeanne T. Heidler. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2000. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-393-04758-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-393-04758-X">0-393-04758-X</a>.</li> <li>Eicher, John H., and <a href="/wiki/David_J._Eicher" title="David J. Eicher">David J. Eicher</a>. <i>Civil War High Commands</i>. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2001. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8047-3641-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-8047-3641-3">0-8047-3641-3</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelby_Foote" title="Shelby Foote">Foote, Shelby</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Civil_War:_A_Narrative" title="The Civil War: A Narrative">The Civil War: A Narrative</a></i>. Vol. 2, <i>Fredericksburg to Meridian</i>. New York: Random House, 1958. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-394-49517-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-394-49517-9">0-394-49517-9</a>.</li> <li>Johnson, Charles Thomas. "Lewis Addison Armistead." In <i>Encyclopedia of the American Civil War: A Political, Social, and Military History</i>, edited by David S. Heidler and Jeanne T. Heidler. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2000. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-393-04758-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-393-04758-X">0-393-04758-X</a>.</li> <li>Krick, Robert K. "Armistead and Garnett: The Parallel Lives of Two Virginia Soldiers." In <i>The Third Day at Gettysburg and Beyond</i>, edited by <a href="/wiki/Gary_W._Gallagher" title="Gary W. Gallagher">Gary W. Gallagher</a>. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1998. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8078-4753-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-8078-4753-4">0-8078-4753-4</a>.</li> <li>Poindexter, Rev. James E. "General Armistead's Portrait Presented." <i>Southern Historical Society Papers</i> 37 (1909).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Shaara" title="Michael Shaara">Shaara, Michael</a>. <i>The Killer Angels: A Novel</i>. New York: Ballantine Books, 2001. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-345-44412-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-345-44412-7">978-0-345-44412-7</a>. First published 1974 by David McKay Co.</li> <li>Smith, Derek. <i>The Gallant Dead: Union & Confederate Generals Killed in the Civil War</i>. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 2005. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8117-0132-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-8117-0132-8">0-8117-0132-8</a>.</li> <li>Tagg, Larry. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141022014655/http://www.rocemabra.com/~roger/tagg/generals/"><i>The Generals of Gettysburg</i></a>. Campbell, CA: Savas Publishing, 1998. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-882810-30-9" title="Special:BookSources/1-882810-30-9">1-882810-30-9</a>.</li> <li>Warner, Ezra J. <i>Generals in Gray: Lives of the Confederate Commanders</i>. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1959. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8071-0823-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-8071-0823-5">0-8071-0823-5</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeffry_D._Wert" title="Jeffry D. Wert">Wert, Jeffry D.</a> "Lewis Addison Armistead." In <i>The Confederate General</i>, vol. 1, edited by <a href="/wiki/William_C._Davis_(historian)" title="William C. Davis (historian)">William C. Davis</a> and Julie Hoffman. Harrisburg, PA: National Historical Society, 1991. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-918678-63-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-918678-63-3">0-918678-63-3</a>.</li> <li>Wright, John D. <i>The Language of the Civil War</i>. Westport, CT: Oryx Press, 2001. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-57356-135-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-57356-135-8">978-1-57356-135-8</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gdg.org/Research/People/Armistead/dtarm.html">"Armistead's Death."</a> Gettysburg Discussion Group.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lewis_Armistead&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Motts, Wayne E. <i>Trust in God and Fear Nothing: Gen. Lewis A. Armistead, CSA</i>. Gettysburg, PA: Farnsworth House, 1994. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9643632-0-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9643632-0-5">978-0-9643632-0-5</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lewis_Armistead&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Wikisource" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">"<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Biographical_Dictionary_of_America/Armistead,_Lewis_Addison" class="extiw" title="s:The Biographical Dictionary of America/Armistead, Lewis Addison">Armistead, Lewis Addison</a>". <i><a href="/wiki/The_Biographical_Dictionary_of_America" title="The Biographical Dictionary of America">The Biographical Dictionary of America</a></i>. Vol. 1. 1906. pp. 135–136.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Armistead%2C+Lewis+Addison&rft.btitle=The+Biographical+Dictionary+of+America&rft.pages=135-136&rft.date=1906&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALewis+Armistead" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_encyclopedia" title="Template:Cite encyclopedia">cite encyclopedia</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: date and year (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_date_and_year" title="Category:CS1 maint: date and year">link</a>)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://encyclopediavirginia.org/Armistead_Lewis_A_1817-1863">Lewis A. Armistead in <i>Encyclopedia Virginia</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/3493">Lewis Armistead</a> at <a href="/wiki/Find_a_Grave" title="Find a Grave">Find a Grave</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uknet.com/armisteads/Confederate-Veteran--Nov-1914/"><i>Confederate Veteran</i> article about Armistead from November 1914.</a> (This article is substantially the same text as Poindexter's <i>Southern Historical Society</i> paper.)</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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.navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Gettysburg_figures" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Gettysburg_figures" title="Template:Gettysburg figures"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Gettysburg_figures" title="Template talk:Gettysburg figures"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Gettysburg_figures" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Gettysburg figures"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Gettysburg_figures" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gettysburg" title="Battle of Gettysburg">Gettysburg figures</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_Army" title="Confederate States Army">Confederate</a> leaders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Robert_E._Lee" title="Robert E. Lee">Lee</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Porter_Alexander" title="Edward Porter Alexander">Alexander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_H._Anderson_(general)" title="Richard H. Anderson (general)">R. Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_T._Anderson" title="George T. Anderson">G. Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_J._Archer" title="James J. Archer">Archer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_Addison_Armistead" class="mw-redirect" title="Lewis Addison Armistead">Armistead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Barksdale" title="William Barksdale">Barksdale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_L._Benning" title="Henry L. Benning">Benning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_M._Brockenbrough" title="John M. Brockenbrough">Brockenbrough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_R._Chambliss" title="John R. Chambliss">Chambliss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junius_Daniel" title="Junius Daniel">Daniel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_R._Davis" title="Joseph R. Davis">Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_P._Doles" title="George P. Doles">Doles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jubal_Early" title="Jubal Early">Early</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_S._Ewell" title="Richard S. Ewell">Ewell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_B._Garnett" title="Richard B. Garnett">Garnett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_B._Gordon" title="John B. Gordon">Gordon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wade_Hampton_III" title="Wade Hampton III">Hampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_T._Hays" title="Harry T. Hays">Hays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Heth" title="Henry Heth">Heth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._P._Hill" title="A. P. Hill">Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bell_Hood" title="John Bell Hood">Hood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_G._Humphreys" title="Benjamin G. Humphreys">Humphreys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_D._Imboden" title="John D. Imboden">Imboden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Iverson_Jr." title="Alfred Iverson Jr.">Iverson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_G._Jenkins" title="Albert G. Jenkins">Jenkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Johnson_(general)" title="Edward Johnson (general)">Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_M._Jones" title="John M. Jones">J. Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_E._Jones_(general)" title="William E. Jones (general)">W. Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_L._Kemper" title="James L. Kemper">Kemper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_B._Kershaw" title="Joseph B. Kershaw">Kershaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Henry_Lane_(Confederate_general)" title="James Henry Lane (Confederate general)">Lane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evander_M._Law" title="Evander M. Law">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fitzhugh_Lee" title="Fitzhugh Lee">F. Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Fitzhugh_Lee" class="mw-redirect" title="William Henry Fitzhugh Lee">W. Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Longstreet" title="James Longstreet">Longstreet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Mahone" title="William Mahone">Mahone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_K._Marshall" title="James K. Marshall">Marshall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lafayette_McLaws" title="Lafayette McLaws">McLaws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_A._O%27Neal" title="Edward A. O'Neal">O'Neal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_C._Oates" title="William C. Oates">Oates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Dorsey_Pender" title="William Dorsey Pender">Pender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Johnston_Pettigrew" title="J. Johnston Pettigrew">Pettigrew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abner_Monroe_Perrin" title="Abner Monroe Perrin">Perrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Pickett" title="George Pickett">Pickett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnot_Posey" title="Carnot Posey">Posey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Dodson_Ramseur" title="Stephen Dodson Ramseur">Ramseur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerome_B._Robertson" title="Jerome B. Robertson">Robertson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_E._Rodes" title="Robert E. Rodes">Rodes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Moore_Scales" title="Alfred Moore Scales">Scales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Jones_Semmes" title="Paul Jones Semmes">Semmes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Smith_(Virginia_governor)" title="William Smith (Virginia governor)">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_H._Steuart_(brigadier_general)" title="George H. Steuart (brigadier general)">G. Steuart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._E._B._Stuart" title="J. E. B. Stuart">J. E. B. Stuart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Lloyd_Thomas" title="Edward Lloyd Thomas">Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_R._Trimble" title="Isaac R. Trimble">Trimble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_A._Walker" title="James A. Walker">J. Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reuben_Lindsay_Walker" title="Reuben Lindsay Walker">R. Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadmus_M._Wilcox" title="Cadmus M. Wilcox">Wilcox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_T._Wofford" title="William T. Wofford">Wofford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambrose_R._Wright" title="Ambrose R. Wright">Wright</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Union_(American_Civil_War)" title="Union (American Civil War)">Union</a> leaders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/George_Meade" title="George Meade">Meade</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adelbert_Ames" title="Adelbert Ames">Ames</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romeyn_B._Ayres" title="Romeyn B. Ayres">Ayres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_C._Barlow" title="Francis C. Barlow">Barlow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Barnes_(general)" title="James Barnes (general)">Barnes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Baxter" title="Henry Baxter">Baxter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chapman_Biddle" title="Chapman Biddle">Biddle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_B._Birney" title="David B. Birney">Birney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Buford" title="John Buford">Buford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_C._Caldwell" title="John C. Caldwell">Caldwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Candy" title="Charles Candy">Candy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Henry_Carpenter" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis Henry Carpenter">Carpenter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Bradford_Carr" title="Joseph Bradford Carr">Carr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joshua_Chamberlain" title="Joshua Chamberlain">J. Chamberlain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ira_W._Claflin" title="Ira W. Claflin">Claflin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_E._Cross" title="Edward E. Cross">Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Gregg_Curtin" title="Andrew Gregg Curtin">Curtin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alonzo_Cushing" title="Alonzo Cushing">Cushing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Armstrong_Custer" title="George Armstrong Custer">Custer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lysander_Cutler" title="Lysander Cutler">Cutler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_W._Crawford" title="Samuel W. Crawford">Crawford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abner_Doubleday" title="Abner Doubleday">Doubleday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elon_J._Farnsworth" title="Elon J. Farnsworth">Farnsworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Geary" title="John W. Geary">Geary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Gibbon" title="John Gibbon">Gibbon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leopold_von_Gilsa" title="Leopold von Gilsa">Gilsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_K._Graham" title="Charles K. Graham">Graham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_S._Greene" title="George S. Greene">Greene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_McMurtrie_Gregg" title="David McMurtrie Gregg">Gregg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winfield_Scott_Hancock" title="Winfield Scott Hancock">Hancock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Harrow" title="William Harrow">Harrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Hays" title="Alexander Hays">Hays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Hooker" title="Joseph Hooker">Hooker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Otis_Howard" title="Oliver Otis Howard">Howard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_A._Humphreys" title="Andrew A. Humphreys">Humphreys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Jackson_Hunt" title="Henry Jackson Hunt">Hunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judson_Kilpatrick" class="mw-redirect" title="Judson Kilpatrick">Kilpatrick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W%C5%82odzimierz_Krzy%C5%BCanowski" title="Włodzimierz Krzyżanowski">Krzyżanowski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln" title="Abraham Lincoln">Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solomon_Meredith" title="Solomon Meredith">Meredith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wesley_Merritt" title="Wesley Merritt">Merritt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Newton_(engineer)" title="John Newton (engineer)">Newton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_M._Nolan" title="Nicholas M. Nolan">Nolan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Rene_Paul" class="mw-redirect" title="Gabriel Rene Paul">Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Pleasonton" title="Alfred Pleasonton">Pleasonton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Reynolds" title="John F. Reynolds">Reynolds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Clay_Rice" title="James Clay Rice">Rice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_C._Robinson" title="John C. Robinson">Robinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Algeo_Rowley" title="Thomas Algeo Rowley">Rowley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_H._Ruger" title="Thomas H. Ruger">Ruger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Schimmelfennig" title="Alexander Schimmelfennig">Schimmelfennig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Schurz" title="Carl Schurz">Schurz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Sedgwick" title="John Sedgwick">Sedgwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Sickles" title="Daniel Sickles">Sickles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Warner_Slocum" title="Henry Warner Slocum">Slocum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_J._Stannard" title="George J. Stannard">Stannard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_H._Starr" title="Samuel H. Starr">Starr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolph_von_Steinwehr" title="Adolph von Steinwehr">Steinwehr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Sykes" title="George Sykes">Sykes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_S._Tilton" title="William S. Tilton">Tilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_O._Tyler" title="Robert O. Tyler">Tyler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strong_Vincent" title="Strong Vincent">Vincent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_S._Wadsworth" title="James S. Wadsworth">Wadsworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._H._Hobart_Ward" title="J. H. Hobart Ward">Ward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gouverneur_K._Warren" title="Gouverneur K. Warren">Warren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_H._Weed" title="Stephen H. Weed">Weed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_S._Webb" title="Alexander S. Webb">Webb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_L._Willard" title="George L. Willard">Willard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpheus_S._Williams" title="Alpheus S. Williams">Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_K._Zook" title="Samuel K. Zook">Zook</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Other notable<br />military personnel</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russell_A._Alger" title="Russell A. Alger">Alger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_E._Avery" title="Isaac E. Avery">Avery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurence_S._Baker" title="Laurence S. Baker">Baker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Horatio_Belo" title="Alfred Horatio Belo">Belo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiram_Berdan" title="Hiram Berdan">Berdan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Biddle" title="Alexander Biddle">Biddle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_R._Brooke" title="John R. Brooke">Brooke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_F._Brown" title="Stephen F. Brown">Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goode_Bryan" title="Goode Bryan">Bryan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_K._Burgwyn" title="Henry K. Burgwyn">Burgwyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_C._Burling" title="George C. Burling">Burling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_S._Carroll" title="Samuel S. Carroll">Carroll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Henry_Carter_(Civil_War)" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Henry Carter (Civil War)">Carter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Chamberlain_(soldier)" title="Thomas Chamberlain (soldier)">T. Chamberlain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_J._Colvill" title="William J. Colvill">Colvill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Corby" title="William Corby">Corby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Coster" title="Charles Coster">Coster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Dearing" title="James Dearing">Dearing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Devin" title="Thomas Devin">Devin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustus_van_Horne_Ellis" title="Augustus van Horne Ellis">Ellis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Enderlin" title="Richard Enderlin">Enderlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Lyon_Fremantle" title="Arthur Lyon Fremantle">Lyon Fremantle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birkett_D._Fry" title="Birkett D. Fry">Fry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Gamble_(general)" title="William Gamble (general)">Gamble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenner_Garrard" title="Kenner Garrard">Garrard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archibald_C._Godwin" title="Archibald C. Godwin">Godwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._J._Goree" title="T. J. Goree">Goree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Irvin_Gregg" title="John Irvin Gregg">Gregg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bryan_Grimes" title="Bryan Grimes">Grimes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Gwyn" title="James Gwyn">Gwyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_J._Hall" title="Norman J. Hall">Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Thomas_Harrison" title="Henry Thomas Harrison">Harrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_A._Haskell" title="Frank A. Haskell">Haskell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_E._Hazlett" title="Charles E. Hazlett">Hazlett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horatio_Stockton_Howell" title="Horatio Stockton Howell">Howell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amos_Humiston" title="Amos Humiston">Humiston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrison_Jeffords" title="Harrison Jeffords">Jeffords</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcellus_Jones" title="Marcellus Jones">Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Kelly_(Civil_War)" title="Patrick Kelly (Civil War)">Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myles_Keogh" title="Myles Keogh">Keogh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lang_(Civil_War)" title="David Lang (Civil War)">Lang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_W._Latimer" title="Joseph W. Latimer">Latimer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_G._Lewis" title="William G. Lewis">Lewis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_McCandless" title="William McCandless">McCandless</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archibald_L._McDougall" title="Archibald L. McDougall">McDougall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_F._McFarland" title="George F. McFarland">McFarland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Baillie_McIntosh" title="John Baillie McIntosh">McIntosh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Murphy_Mayo" title="Robert Murphy Mayo">Mayo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holman_S._Melcher" class="mw-redirect" title="Holman S. Melcher">Melcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Goodale_Morrill" title="Walter Goodale Morrill">Morrill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_D._Muhlenberg" title="Edward D. Muhlenberg">Muhlenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_O%27Rorke" title="Patrick O'Rorke">O'Rorke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ario_Pardee,_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Ario Pardee, Jr.">Pardee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Ransom_Johnson_Pegram" class="mw-redirect" title="William Ransom Johnson Pegram">Pegram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abner_Monroe_Perrin" title="Abner Monroe Perrin">Perrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_T._Poague" title="William T. Poague">Poague</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_S._Salomon" title="Edward S. Salomon">Salomon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orland_Smith" title="Orland Smith">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moxley_Sorrel" title="Moxley Sorrel">Sorrel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellis_Spear" title="Ellis Spear">Spear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Stone_(general)" title="Roy Stone (general)">Stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_H._Taylor" title="Walter H. Taylor">Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9gis_de_Trobriand" title="Régis de Trobriand">Trobriand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_S._Wainwright" title="Charles S. Wainwright">Wainwright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Hull_Ward" title="George Hull Ward">Ward</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Local civilians</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Broadhead" title="Sarah Broadhead">Broadhead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_Bryan" class="mw-redirect" title="Abraham Bryan">Bryan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_L._Burns" title="John L. Burns">Burns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moses_McClean" title="Moses McClean">McClean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_McConaughy" title="David McConaughy">McConaughy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_McPherson" title="Edward McPherson">McPherson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ginnie_Wade" class="mw-redirect" title="Ginnie Wade">Wade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Wills_(Gettysburg)" title="David Wills (Gettysburg)">Wills</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q659645#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q659645#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q659645#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000038388005">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/41218194">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1579712/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJbtpyV9vjKMcK3RxK6qcP">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n2003075287">United States</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6zp5nqk">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" 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