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Hong Kong - Vikipedi
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class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Hesap oluştur</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:Kullan%C4%B1c%C4%B1OturumuA%C3%A7ma&returnto=Hong+Kong" title="Oturum açmanız tavsiye edilmektedir; ancak bu zorunlu değildir [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Oturum aç</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Çıkış yapmış editörler için sayfalar <a href="/wiki/Yard%C4%B1m:Giri%C5%9F" aria-label="Değişiklik yapma hakkında daha fazla bilgi edinin"><span>daha fazla bilgi</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:Katk%C4%B1lar%C4%B1m" title="Bu IP adresinden yapılmış değişiklikler listesi [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Katkılar</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:MesajSayfam" title="Bu IP adresindeki düzenlemeler hakkında tartışma [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Mesaj</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="İçindekiler" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">İçindekiler</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">kenar çubuğuna taşı</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">gizle</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Giriş</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Etimoloji" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etimoloji"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Etimoloji</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etimoloji-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tarihçe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tarihçe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Tarihçe</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Tarihçe-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Tarihçe alt bölümünü aç/kapa</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Tarihçe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Tarih_Öncesi_ve_İmparatorluk_Çin'i" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tarih_Öncesi_ve_İmparatorluk_Çin'i"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Tarih Öncesi ve İmparatorluk Çin'i</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tarih_Öncesi_ve_İmparatorluk_Çin'i-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-İngiliz_kolonisi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#İngiliz_kolonisi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>İngiliz kolonisi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-İngiliz_kolonisi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Çin_özel_idari_bölgesi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Çin_özel_idari_bölgesi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Çin özel idari bölgesi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Çin_özel_idari_bölgesi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hükümet_ve_siyaset" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hükümet_ve_siyaset"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Hükümet ve siyaset</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Hükümet_ve_siyaset-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Hükümet ve siyaset alt bölümünü aç/kapa</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Hükümet_ve_siyaset-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-İdari_yapılanma" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#İdari_yapılanma"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>İdari yapılanma</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-İdari_yapılanma-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Coğrafya" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Coğrafya"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Coğrafya</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Coğrafya-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Coğrafya alt bölümünü aç/kapa</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Coğrafya-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-İklim" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#İklim"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>İklim</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-İklim-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mimarlık" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mimarlık"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Mimarlık</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mimarlık-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demografi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demografi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Demografi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demografi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ekonomi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ekonomi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Ekonomi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ekonomi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ulaşım" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ulaşım"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Ulaşım</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ulaşım-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kültür" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kültür"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Kültür</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Kültür-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Kültür alt bölümünü aç/kapa</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Kültür-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Hongkong_Mutfağı" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hongkong_Mutfağı"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Hongkong Mutfağı</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hongkong_Mutfağı-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Resmi_sembol" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Resmi_sembol"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Resmi sembol</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Resmi_sembol-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ayrıca_bakınız" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ayrıca_bakınız"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Ayrıca bakınız</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ayrıca_bakınız-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dipnot" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dipnot"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Dipnot</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Dipnot-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Dipnot alt bölümünü aç/kapa</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Dipnot-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Kaynakça" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kaynakça"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.1</span> <span>Kaynakça</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kaynakça-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliyografya" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliyografya"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.2</span> <span>Bibliyografya</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliyografya-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Basılı_kaynaklar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Basılı_kaynaklar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.2.1</span> <span>Basılı kaynaklar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Basılı_kaynaklar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mevzuat_ve_içtihat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mevzuat_ve_içtihat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.2.2</span> <span>Mevzuat ve içtihat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mevzuat_ve_içtihat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Akademik_yayınlar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Akademik_yayınlar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.2.3</span> <span>Akademik yayınlar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Akademik_yayınlar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kurumsal_raporlar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kurumsal_raporlar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.2.4</span> <span>Kurumsal raporlar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kurumsal_raporlar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gazete_ve_dergi_makaleleri" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gazete_ve_dergi_makaleleri"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.2.5</span> <span>Gazete ve dergi makaleleri</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gazete_ve_dergi_makaleleri-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Web_siteleri" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Web_siteleri"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.2.6</span> <span>Web siteleri</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Web_siteleri-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="İçindekiler" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="İçindekiler tablosunu değiştir" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">İçindekiler tablosunu değiştir</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Hong Kong</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Başka bir dildeki sayfaya gidin. 238 dilde mevcut" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-238" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">238 dil</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Гонконг - Abhazca" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Гонконг" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abhazca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Açece" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Açece" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongkong" title="Hongkong - Afrikaanca" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Hongkong" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongkong" title="Hongkong - İsviçre Almancası" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Hongkong" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="İsviçre Almancası" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-alt mw-list-item"><a href="https://alt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Гонконг - Güney Altayca" lang="alt" hreflang="alt" data-title="Гонконг" data-language-autonym="Алтай тил" data-language-local-name="Güney Altayca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Алтай тил</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%86%E1%8A%95%E1%8C%8D_%E1%8A%AE%E1%8A%95%E1%8C%8D" title="ሆንግ ኮንግ - Amharca" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሆንግ ኮንግ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="Amis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangcah</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Aragonca" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongcong" title="Hongcong - Eski İngilizce" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Hongcong" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Eski İngilizce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ann mw-list-item"><a href="https://ann.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%BB%8Cn%CC%84_K%E1%BB%8Dn%CC%84" title="Ọn̄ Kọn̄ - Obolo dili" lang="ann" hreflang="ann" data-title="Ọn̄ Kọn̄" data-language-autonym="Obolo" data-language-local-name="Obolo dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Obolo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%97" title="हाँगकाँग - Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="हाँगकाँग" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="seçkin madde"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%88%D9%86%D8%BA_%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86%D8%BA" title="هونغ كونغ - Arapça" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هونغ كونغ" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arapça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%88%D9%86%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86%DA%AD" title="هونكونڭ - Fas Arapçası" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="هونكونڭ" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Fas Arapçası" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AC_%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AC" title="هونج كونج - Mısır Arapçası" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="هونج كونج" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Mısır Arapçası" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%82" title="হংকং - Assamca" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="হংকং" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B8%A4ong_Kong" title="Ḥong Kong - Asturyasça" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Ḥong Kong" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturyasça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%99%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%99" title="हङकङ - Awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="हङकङ" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honkonq" title="Honkonq - Azerbaycan dili" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Honkonq" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaycan dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%88%D9%86%D9%82_%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%86%D9%82" title="هونق کونق - South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="هونق کونق" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Гонконг - Başkırtça" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Гонконг" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Başkırtça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Bali dili" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Bali dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongkong" title="Hongkong - Bavyera dili" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Hongkong" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavyera dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huonkuongs" title="Huonkuongs - Samogitçe" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Huonkuongs" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Ганконг - Belarusça" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Ганконг" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Ганконг - Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Ганконг" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongkong" title="Hongkong - Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Hongkong" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Хонконг - Bulgarca" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Хонконг" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97" title="हांगकांग - Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="हांगकांग" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="Bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="Bambara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%82" title="হংকং - Bengalce" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="হংকং" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengalce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%9E%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%80%E0%BD%84" title="ཞང་ཀང - Tibetçe" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཞང་ཀང" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%82" title="হংকং - Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="হংকং" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Bretonca" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Boşnakça" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Boşnakça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bug mw-list-item"><a href="https://bug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%A8%96%E1%A8%9A%E1%A8%8A%E1%A8%81_%E1%A8%80%E1%A8%9A%E1%A8%8A%E1%A8%81" title="ᨖᨚᨊᨁ ᨀᨚᨊᨁ - Bugis" lang="bug" hreflang="bug" data-title="ᨖᨚᨊᨁ ᨀᨚᨊᨁ" data-language-autonym="Basa Ugi" data-language-local-name="Bugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Ugi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Хонконг - Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Хонконг" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Katalanca" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="kaliteli madde"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hi%C5%8Fng-g%C4%93%CC%A4ng" title="Hiŏng-gē̤ng - Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Hiŏng-gē̤ng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Гонконг - Çeçence" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Гонконг" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Çeçence" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Sebuano dili" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Sebuano dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%B0%E1%8F%82%E1%8E%A9_%E1%8E%AA%E1%8F%82%E1%8E%A9" title="ᎰᏂᎩ ᎪᏂᎩ - Çerokice" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎰᏂᎩ ᎪᏂᎩ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="Çerokice" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Şayence" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="Şayence" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tsetsêhestâhese</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%BE%DB%86%D9%86%DA%AF_%DA%A9%DB%86%D9%86%DA%AF" title="ھۆنگ کۆنگ - Orta Kürtçe" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ھۆنگ کۆنگ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Orta Kürtçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Korsikaca" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Korsikaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ho%C3%B1_Ko%C3%B1" title="Hoñ Koñ - Kırım Tatarcası" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Hoñ Koñ" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Kırım Tatarcası" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongkong" title="Hongkong - Çekçe" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Hongkong" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Çekçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Гонконг - Çuvaşça" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Гонконг" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Çuvaşça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Cong" title="Hong Cong - Galce" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Hong Cong" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Galce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongkong" title="Hongkong - Danca" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Hongkong" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="seçkin madde"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongkong" title="Hongkong - Almanca" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Hongkong" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Almanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%99%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%99" title="हङकङ - Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="हङकङ" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%80%DE%AE%DE%82%DE%B0%DE%86%DE%AE%DE%82%DE%B0%DE%8E%DE%AA" title="ހޮންކޮންގު - Divehi dili" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ހޮންކޮންގު" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dz mw-list-item"><a href="https://dz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A7%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%80%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%84" title="ཧོང་ཀོང - Dzongkha" lang="dz" hreflang="dz" data-title="ཧོང་ཀོང" data-language-autonym="ཇོང་ཁ" data-language-local-name="Dzongkha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ཇོང་ཁ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ee mw-list-item"><a href="https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Ewe" lang="ee" hreflang="ee" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Eʋegbe" data-language-local-name="Ewe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eʋegbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%B3%CE%BA_%CE%9A%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%B3%CE%BA" title="Χονγκ Κονγκ - Yunanca" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Χονγκ Κονγκ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Yunanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="kaliteli madde"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - İngilizce" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="İngilizce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honkongo" title="Honkongo - Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Honkongo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="seçkin madde"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - İspanyolca" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="İspanyolca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongkong" title="Hongkong - Estonca" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Hongkong" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Baskça" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Ekstremadura Dili" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Ekstremadura Dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%86%DA%AF_%DA%A9%D9%86%DA%AF" title="هنگ کنگ - Farsça" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هنگ کنگ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Farsça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongkong" title="Hongkong - Fince" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Hongkong" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fince" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongkong" title="Hongkong - Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Hongkong" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongkong" title="Hongkong - Faroe dili" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Hongkong" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroe dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Fransızca" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Fransızca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongkong" title="Hongkong - Kuzey Frizce" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Hongkong" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Kuzey Frizce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Friuli dili" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friuli dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="kaliteli madde"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongkong" title="Hongkong - Batı Frizcesi" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Hongkong" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Batı Frizcesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Cong" title="Hong Cong - İrlandaca" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Hong Cong" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="İrlandaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Gagavuzca" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="Gagavuzca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF" title="香港 - Gan Çincesi" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="香港" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan Çincesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - İskoç Gaelcesi" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="İskoç Gaelcesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Galiçyaca" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galiçyaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Guarani dili" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%B7%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8C%B2%F0%90%8C%BA%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8C%B2%F0%90%8C%B2" title="𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌲𐌺𐌰𐌿𐌲𐌲 - Gotça" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌲𐌺𐌰𐌿𐌲𐌲" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gotça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B9%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%82%E0%AA%97%E0%AA%95%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%82%E0%AA%97" title="હોંગકોંગ - Güceratça" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="હોંગકોંગ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Güceratça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Hausa dili" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="seçkin madde"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hi%C3%B4ng-k%C3%B3ng" title="Hiông-kóng - Hakka Çincesi" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Hiông-kóng" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Çincesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Hawaii dili" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawaii dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%92_%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%92" title="הונג קונג - İbranice" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הונג קונג" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="İbranice" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97" title="हॉन्ग कॉन्ग - Hintçe" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="हॉन्ग कॉन्ग" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hintçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Fiji Hintçesi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hintçesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="seçkin madde"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Hırvatça" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Hırvatça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Haiti Kreyolu" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haiti Kreyolu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="seçkin madde"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongkong" title="Hongkong - Macarca" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Hongkong" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Macarca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%AF%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%A3" title="Հոնկոնգ - Ermenice" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հոնկոնգ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Ermenice" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - İnterlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="İnterlingua" data-language-local-name="İnterlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>İnterlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Endonezce" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Endonezce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - İbo dili" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="İbo dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Гонконг - İnguşça" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Гонконг" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="İnguşça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - İzlandaca" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="İzlandaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - İtalyanca" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="İtaliano" data-language-local-name="İtalyanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>İtaliano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF" title="香港 - Japonca" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="香港" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ang_Kang" title="Ang Kang - Jamaika Patois Dili" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Ang Kang" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaika Patois Dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Cava dili" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Cava dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%B0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%92-%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%92%E1%83%98" title="ჰონგ-კონგი - Gürcüce" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჰონგ-კონგი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Gürcüce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gonkong" title="Gonkong - Karakalpakça" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Gonkong" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Karakalpakça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Kabiliyece" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabiliyece" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C9%94%C5%8Bk%C9%94%C5%8B" title="Hɔŋkɔŋ - Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Hɔŋkɔŋ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="Tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Kikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="Kikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Гонконг - Kazakça" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Гонконг" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%A0%E1%9E%BB%E1%9E%84%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%BB%E1%9E%84" title="ហុងកុង - Khmer dili" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ហុងកុង" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%8D" title="ಹಾಂಗ್ ಕಾಂಗ್ - Kannada dili" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಹಾಂಗ್ ಕಾಂಗ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%99%8D%EC%BD%A9" title="홍콩 - Korece" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="홍콩" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korece" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Kürtçe" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kürtçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Kernevekçe" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Kernevekçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Гонконг - Kırgızca" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Гонконг" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kırgızca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongcongum" title="Hongcongum - Latince" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Hongcongum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latince" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Lüksemburgca" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Lüksemburgca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Гонконг - Lezgice" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Гонконг" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezgice" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongkong" title="Hongkong - Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Hongkong" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Limburgca" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Ligurca" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Lombardça" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombardça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%AE%E0%BA%BB%E0%BA%87%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%BB%E0%BA%87" title="ຮົງກົງ - Lao dili" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ຮົງກົງ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honkongas" title="Honkongas - Litvanca" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Honkongas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litvanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honkonga" title="Honkonga - Letonca" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Honkonga" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Madura Dili" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="Madura Dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Madhurâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%99%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%99" title="हङकङ - Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="हङकङ" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Malgaşça" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malgaşça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Гонконг - Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Гонконг" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongipua" title="Hongipua - Maori dili" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Hongipua" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Maori dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Хонгконг - Makedonca" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Хонгконг" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B9%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D" title="ഹോങ്കോങ് - Malayalam dili" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഹോങ്കോങ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Хонконг - Moğolca" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Хонконг" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Moğolca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%8D%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%A1_%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%A1" title="ꯍꯣꯡ ꯀꯣꯡ - Manipuri dili" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯍꯣꯡ ꯀꯣꯡ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%97_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%97" title="हाँग काँग - Marathi dili" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="हाँग काँग" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Malayca" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malayca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%A6ong_Kong" title="Ħong Kong - Maltaca" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Ħong Kong" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B8%A4ong_Kong" title="Ḥong Kong - Miranda dili" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Ḥong Kong" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Miranda dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9F%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%80%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA" title="ဟောင်ကောင် - Birman dili" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဟောင်ကောင်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Birman dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3_%D0%BE%D1%88" title="Гонконг ош - Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Гонконг ош" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF" title="هانگ کانگ - Mazenderanca" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="هانگ کانگ" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazenderanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Napolice" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Napolice" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongkong" title="Hongkong - Aşağı Almanca" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Hongkong" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Aşağı Almanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%99%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%99" title="हङकङ - Nepalce" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="हङकङ" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepalce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%99%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%99" title="हङकङ - Nevari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="हङकङ" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Nevari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nia mw-list-item"><a href="https://nia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Nias" lang="nia" hreflang="nia" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Li Niha" data-language-local-name="Nias" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Li Niha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongkong" title="Hongkong - Felemenkçe" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Hongkong" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Felemenkçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongkong" title="Hongkong - Norveççe Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Hongkong" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norveççe Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="seçkin madde"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongkong" title="Hongkong - Norveççe Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Hongkong" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norveççe Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sh%C3%A1di%CA%BC%C3%A1%C3%A1hj%C3%AD_Tsii%CA%BCyishbizh%C3%AD_Bikin_Haal%CA%BC%C3%A1" title="Shádiʼááhjí Tsiiʼyishbizhí Bikin Haalʼá - Navaho dili" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Shádiʼááhjí Tsiiʼyishbizhí Bikin Haalʼá" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navaho dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ny mw-list-item"><a href="https://ny.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Nyanja" lang="ny" hreflang="ny" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Chi-Chewa" data-language-local-name="Nyanja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chi-Chewa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Oksitan dili" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Oksitan dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%B9%E0%AC%82%E0%AC%95%E0%AC%82" title="ହଂକଂ - Oriya dili" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ହଂକଂ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Oriya dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Гонконг - Osetçe" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Гонконг" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Osetçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%97" title="ਹਾਂਗਕਾਂਗ - Pencapça" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਹਾਂਗਕਾਂਗ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Pencapça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Picard Dili" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard Dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongkong" title="Hongkong - Lehçe" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Hongkong" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Lehçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Piyemontece" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piyemontece" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF" title="ہانگ کانگ - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ہانگ کانگ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AB_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AB" title="هانګ کانګ - Peştuca" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="هانګ کانګ" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Peştuca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Portekizce" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portekizce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Keçuva dili" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Keçuva dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Rumence" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumence" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongkong" title="Hongkong - Ulahça" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Hongkong" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Ulahça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Гонконг - Rusça" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Гонконг" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D2%91" title="Гонконґ - Rusince" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Гонконґ" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusince" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongo_Kongo" title="Hongo Kongo - Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Hongo Kongo" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%99%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%99%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D" title="हाङ्ग् काङ्ग् - Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="हाङ्ग् काङ्ग्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D2%A5_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D2%A5" title="Хоҥ Коҥ - Yakutça" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Хоҥ Коҥ" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakutça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A6%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%9D%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%9D" title="ᱦᱚᱝᱠᱚᱝ - Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱦᱚᱝᱠᱚᱝ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Sardunya dili" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardunya dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Sicilyaca" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilyaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - İskoçça" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="İskoçça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF_%DA%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF" title="هانگ ڪانگ - Sindhi dili" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="هانگ ڪانگ" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Sırp-Hırvat Dili" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Sırp-Hırvat Dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%82%81%E1%80%BD%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%81%B5%E1%80%BD%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8" title="ႁွင်းၵွင်း - Shan dili" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="ႁွင်းၵွင်း" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="Shan dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%82%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%82" title="හොංකොං - Sinhali dili" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="හොංකොං" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhali dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongkong" title="Hongkong - Slovakça" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Hongkong" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovakça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongkong" title="Hongkong - Slovence" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Hongkong" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovence" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoon_Koog" title="Hoon Koog - Somalice" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Hoon Koog" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somalice" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Arnavutça" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Arnavutça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Хонгконг - Sırpça" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Хонгконг" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Sırpça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Güney Sotho dili" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="Güney Sotho dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Sunda dili" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sunda dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongkong" title="Hongkong - İsveççe" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Hongkong" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="İsveççe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Svahili dili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Svahili dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C5%AFngk%C5%AFng" title="Hůngkůng - Silezyaca" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Hůngkůng" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silezyaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D" title="ஆங்காங் - Tamilce" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஆங்காங்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamilce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_kong" title="Hong kong - Tayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="Hong kong" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Tayal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tayal</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B9%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8D" title="హాంగ్కాంగ్ - Telugu dili" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="హాంగ్కాంగ్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%B2%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Ҳонгконг - Tacikçe" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ҳонгконг" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tacikçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AE%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%87" title="ฮ่องกง - Tayca" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ฮ่องกง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Tayca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ti mw-list-item"><a href="https://ti.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%86%E1%8A%95%E1%8C%8D_%E1%8A%AE%E1%8A%95%E1%8C%8D" title="ሆንግ ኮንግ - Tigrinya dili" lang="ti" hreflang="ti" data-title="ሆንግ ኮንግ" data-language-autonym="ትግርኛ" data-language-local-name="Tigrinya dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ትግርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gonkong" title="Gonkong - Türkmence" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Gonkong" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Türkmence" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Tagalogca" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalogca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Talışça" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talışça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tn mw-list-item"><a href="https://tn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Setsvana" lang="tn" hreflang="tn" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Setswana" data-language-local-name="Setsvana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Setswana</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Tok Pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="Tok Pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-trv mw-list-item"><a href="https://trv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Taroko" lang="trv" hreflang="trv" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Seediq" data-language-local-name="Taroko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seediq</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%BA%D0%BE%D2%A3_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D2%A3" title="Һоң Коң - Tatarca" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Һоң Коң" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatarca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Tvi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="Tvi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%A7%DA%AD%DA%AF%D8%A7%DA%AD" title="شياڭگاڭ - Uygurca" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="شياڭگاڭ" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uygurca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Гонконг - Ukraynaca" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Гонконг" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraynaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF" title="ہانگ کانگ - Urduca" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ہانگ کانگ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urduca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gonkong" title="Gonkong - Özbekçe" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Gonkong" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Özbekçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Venedikçe" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venedikçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honkong" title="Honkong - Veps dili" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Honkong" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="seçkin madde"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%E1%BB%93ng_K%C3%B4ng" title="Hồng Kông - Vietnamca" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hồng Kông" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honke%C3%A4n" title="Honkeän - Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Honkeän" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honconk" title="Honconk - Valonca" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Honconk" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Valonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Varay" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Varay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oo%C5%8B_Ko%C5%8B" title="Ooŋ Koŋ - Volofça" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Ooŋ Koŋ" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="Volofça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF" title="香港 - Wu Çincesi" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="香港" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu Çincesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Zosa dili" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="İsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="Zosa dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>İsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%B0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%92-%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%92%E1%83%98" title="ჰონგ-კონგი - Megrelce" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ჰონგ-კონგი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Megrelce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%92_%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%92" title="האנג קאנג - Yidiş" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="האנג קאנג" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yidiş" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%E1%BB%8D%CC%81ng_K%E1%BB%8Dng" title="Họ́ng Kọng - Yorubaca" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Họ́ng Kọng" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yorubaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yanghgangj" title="Yanghgangj - Zhuangca" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Yanghgangj" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuangca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF" title="香港 - Çince" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="香港" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Çince" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF" title="香港 - Edebi Çince" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="香港" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Edebi Çince" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiong-k%C3%A1ng" title="Hiong-káng - Min Nan Çincesi" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Hiong-káng" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Min Nan Çincesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF" title="香港 - Kantonca" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="香港" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong - Zuluca" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Hong Kong" data-language-autonym="İsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zuluca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>İsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q8646#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Dillerarası bağlantıları değiştir" class="wbc-editpage">Bağlantıları değiştir</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ad alanları"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="İçerik sayfasını göster [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Madde</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Tart%C4%B1%C5%9Fma:Hong_Kong" rel="discussion" title="İçerik ile ilgili tartışma [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Tartışma</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Dil varyantını değiştir" > <label 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title="Bu sayfayı değiştir [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Değiştir</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&action=edit" title="Bu sayfanın kaynak kodunu düzenleyin [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Kaynağı değiştir</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&action=history" title="Bu sayfanın geçmiş sürümleri [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Geçmişi gör</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sayfa araçları"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Araçlar" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Araçlar</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Araçlar</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">kenar çubuğuna taşı</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">gizle</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Daha fazla seçenek" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Eylemler </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong"><span>Oku</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&veaction=edit" title="Bu sayfayı değiştir [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Değiştir</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&action=edit" title="Bu sayfanın kaynak kodunu düzenleyin [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Kaynağı değiştir</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&action=history"><span>Geçmişi gör</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Genel </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:SayfayaBa%C4%9Flant%C4%B1lar/Hong_Kong" title="Bu sayfaya bağlantı vermiş tüm viki sayfalarının listesi [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Sayfaya bağlantılar</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:%C4%B0lgiliDe%C4%9Fi%C5%9Fiklikler/Hong_Kong" rel="nofollow" title="Bu sayfadan bağlantı verilen sayfalardaki son değişiklikler [k]" accesskey="k"><span>İlgili değişiklikler</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:%C3%96zelSayfalar" title="Tüm özel sayfaların listesi [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Özel sayfalar</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&oldid=34235182" title="Bu sayfanın bu revizyonuna kalıcı bağlantı"><span>Kalıcı bağlantı</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&action=info" title="Bu sayfa hakkında daha fazla bilgi"><span>Sayfa bilgisi</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:KaynakG%C3%B6ster&page=Hong_Kong&id=34235182&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Bu sayfadan nasıl kaynak göstereceği hakkında bilgi"><span>Bu sayfayı kaynak göster</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FHong_Kong"><span>Kısaltılmış URL'yi al</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FHong_Kong"><span>Karekodu indir</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Yazdır/dışa aktar </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:Kitap&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Hong+Kong"><span>Bir kitap oluştur</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:DownloadAsPdf&page=Hong_Kong&action=show-download-screen"><span>PDF olarak indir</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&printable=yes" title="Bu sayfanın basılmaya uygun sürümü [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Basılmaya uygun görünüm</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Diğer projelerde </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikinews mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikinews.org/wiki/Kategori:Hong_Kong" hreflang="tr"><span>Vikihaber</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikiquote.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" hreflang="tr"><span>Vikisöz</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikivoyage mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Hong_Kong" hreflang="tr"><span>Vikigezgin</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q8646" title="Veri havuzundaki ilgili ögeye bağlantı [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Vikiveri ögesi</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sayfa araçları"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Görünüm"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Görünüm</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">kenar çubuğuna taşı</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">gizle</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Co%C4%9Frafi_koordinat_sistemi" title="Coğrafi koordinat sistemi">Koordinatlar</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r32637432">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=tr:Hong_Kong&params=22_16_42_N_114_09_32_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Bu konum için haritalar, havadan fotoğraflar ve diğer veriler"><span class="latitude">22°16′42″K</span> <span class="longitude">114°09′32″D</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Bu konum için haritalar, hava fotoğrafı ve diğer veriler">22.27833°K 114.15889°D</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">22.27833; 114.15889</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Vikipedi, özgür ansiklopedi</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="tr" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r28603389">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style><table class="infobox geography vcard" style="font-size:88%;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above adr" style="padding:0.25em 0.33em 0.33em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:1.25em;"><div style="display:inline" class="fn org country-name">Hong Kong</div><div style="padding-top:0.25em; font-weight:normal;">香港<br /><div style="display:inline" class="fn org country-name">Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti Hong Kong Özel İdari Bölgesi<br /><small>中華人民共和國香港特別行政區<sup id="cite_ref-yale-romanizasyonu_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yale-romanizasyonu-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><i>Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China</i></small></div></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align:center;padding:0.5em 0;"><div style="display:table; width:100%;"> <div style="display:table-cell; width:58%; vertical-align:middle; padding-left:5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hong Kong bayrağı"><img alt="Hong Kong bayrağı" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/125px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/188px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/250px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_bayra%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Hong Kong bayrağı">Bayrak</a></div> </div> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding: 0px 5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Regional_Emblem_of_Hong_Kong.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hong Kong arması"><img alt="{{{arma_açıklaması}}}" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Regional_Emblem_of_Hong_Kong.svg/85px-Regional_Emblem_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Regional_Emblem_of_Hong_Kong.svg/128px-Regional_Emblem_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Regional_Emblem_of_Hong_Kong.svg/170px-Regional_Emblem_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_armas%C4%B1" title="Hong Kong arması">Arma</a></div> </div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div align="center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Hong_Kong_in_China_(zoomed)_(%2Ball_claims_hatched).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hong Kong'un konumu"><img alt="Hong Kong haritadaki konumu" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Hong_Kong_in_China_%28zoomed%29_%28%2Ball_claims_hatched%29.svg/250px-Hong_Kong_in_China_%28zoomed%29_%28%2Ball_claims_hatched%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Hong_Kong_in_China_%28zoomed%29_%28%2Ball_claims_hatched%29.svg/375px-Hong_Kong_in_China_%28zoomed%29_%28%2Ball_claims_hatched%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Hong_Kong_in_China_%28zoomed%29_%28%2Ball_claims_hatched%29.svg/500px-Hong_Kong_in_China_%28zoomed%29_%28%2Ball_claims_hatched%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="940" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Resmî dil(ler)</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="hlist hlist-separated" style="display:inline-block;"><ul><li>Çince<sup id="cite_ref-chinese-varieties_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chinese-varieties-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_%C4%B0ngilizcesi" title="Hong Kong İngilizcesi">İngilizce</a><sup id="cite_ref-language-status_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-language-status-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal;">Tanınan bölgesel dil(ler)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Kantoncas%C4%B1" title="Hong Kong Kantoncası">Kantonca</a><sup id="cite_ref-chinese-varieties_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chinese-varieties-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:left;"><hr /></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Resmî yazı sistemleri</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Geleneksel_%C3%87ince" class="mw-redirect" title="Geleneksel Çince">Geleneksel Çince</a><sup id="cite_ref-language-status_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-language-status-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0ngiliz_alfabesi" title="İngiliz alfabesi">İngiliz alfabesi</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Etnik_grup" title="Etnik grup">Etnik gruplar</a> <div style="font-weight:normal;display:inline;"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">%92,0 <a href="/wiki/Han_%C3%87inlileri" class="mw-redirect" title="Han Çinlileri">Han Çinlisi</a><br />%2,5 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong%27daki_Filipinliler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong'daki Filipinliler (sayfa mevcut değil)">Filipinli</a><br />%2,1 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong%27daki_Endonezyal%C4%B1lar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong'daki Endonezyalılar (sayfa mevcut değil)">Endonezyalı</a><br />%0,8 Beyaz<br />%0,5 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong%27daki_G%C3%BCney_Asyal%C4%B1lar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong'daki Güney Asyalılar (sayfa mevcut değil)">Hint</a><br />%0,3 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong%27daki_G%C3%BCney_Asyal%C4%B1lar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong'daki Güney Asyalılar (sayfa mevcut değil)">Nepalli</a><br />%1,6% diğer<sup id="cite_ref-demografi_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-demografi-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonim" title="Demonim">Demonim</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Hong Konglu</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Hükûmet</th><td class="infobox-data">Kısmi demokrasi</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r28603389"><table class="infobox-subbox"><tbody><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Baş Yönetici </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Lee_Ka-chiu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Lee Ka-chiu (sayfa mevcut değil)">John Lee Ka-chiu</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Başyargıç </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geoffrey_Ma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geoffrey Ma (sayfa mevcut değil)">Geoffrey Ma</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Yasama Konseyi Başkanı </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jasper_Tsang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jasper Tsang (sayfa mevcut değil)">Jasper Tsang</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Tarihçe</th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r28603389"><table class="infobox-subbox"><tbody><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Nanking_Antla%C5%9Fmas%C4%B1" title="Nanking Antlaşması">Britanya Hakimiyeti başlangıcı</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">29 Ağustos 1842</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Japon işgali </div></th><td class="infobox-data">25 Aralık 1941 -<br />15 Ağustos 1945</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_%C3%BCzerindeki_egemenli%C4%9Fin_devri" title="Hong Kong üzerindeki egemenliğin devri">Çin hâkimiyeti başlangıcı</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">1 Temmuz 1997</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:left;">Yüzölçümü</th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Toplam</div></th><td class="infobox-data">1104 km<sup>2</sup> (<a href="/wiki/Y%C3%BCz%C3%B6l%C3%A7%C3%BCmlerine_g%C3%B6re_%C3%BClkeler_listesi" title="Yüzölçümlerine göre ülkeler listesi">179</a>.)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Su (%)</div></th><td class="infobox-data">4,58</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:left;">Nüfus</th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 2019 tahminî</div></th><td class="infobox-data">7.500.700<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/N%C3%BCfuslar%C4%B1na_g%C3%B6re_%C3%BClkeler_listesi" class="mw-redirect" title="Nüfuslarına göre ülkeler listesi">103.</a>.)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Yoğunluk</div></th><td class="infobox-data">6.777<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>/km<sup>2</sup> (<a href="/wiki/N%C3%BCfus_yo%C4%9Funluklar%C4%B1na_g%C3%B6re_%C3%BClkeler_listesi" title="Nüfus yoğunluklarına göre ülkeler listesi">4.</a>.)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Gayri_safi_yurt_i%C3%A7i_has%C4%B1la" class="mw-redirect" title="Gayri safi yurt içi hasıla">GSYİH</a> <span style="font-weight:normal;">(<a href="/wiki/Sat%C4%B1n_alma_g%C3%BCc%C3%BC_paritesi" title="Satın alma gücü paritesi">SAGP</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data">2020 tahminî</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Toplam</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">439,459 milyar $</span><sup id="cite_ref-IMFWEOHK_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMFWEOHK-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/Sat%C4%B1n_alma_g%C3%BCc%C3%BC_paritelerine_g%C3%B6re_%C3%BClkeler_listesi" title="Satın alma gücü paritelerine göre ülkeler listesi">45.</a>.)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Kişi başına</div></th><td class="infobox-data">58.165 $<sup id="cite_ref-IMFWEOHK_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMFWEOHK-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/Ki%C5%9Fi_ba%C5%9F%C4%B1na_sat%C4%B1n_alma_g%C3%BCc%C3%BC_paritelerine_g%C3%B6re_%C3%BClkeler_listesi" title="Kişi başına satın alma gücü paritelerine göre ülkeler listesi">10.</a>.)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Gayri_safi_yurt_i%C3%A7i_has%C4%B1la" class="mw-redirect" title="Gayri safi yurt içi hasıla">GSYİH</a> <span style="font-weight:normal;">(nominal)</span></th><td class="infobox-data">2020 tahminî</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Toplam</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">341,319 milyar $</span><sup id="cite_ref-IMFWEOHK_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMFWEOHK-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/Nominal_GSY%C4%B0H_de%C4%9Ferlerine_g%C3%B6re_%C3%BClkeler_listesi" title="Nominal GSYİH değerlerine göre ülkeler listesi">35.</a>.)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Kişi başına</div></th><td class="infobox-data">45.176<sup id="cite_ref-IMFWEOHK_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMFWEOHK-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/Ki%C5%9Fi_ba%C5%9F%C4%B1na_nominal_GSY%C4%B0H_de%C4%9Ferlerine_g%C3%B6re_%C3%BClkeler_listesi" title="Kişi başına nominal GSYİH değerlerine göre ülkeler listesi">16.</a>.)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Gini_katsay%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Gini katsayısı">Gini</a> <span style="font-weight:normal;">(2016)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="color: red; font-size: larger;">▲</span> 53.9<sup id="cite_ref-GiniRef_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GiniRef-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r33633371">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkred">yüksek</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0nsani_Geli%C5%9Fme_Endeksi" title="İnsani Gelişme Endeksi">İGE</a> <span style="font-weight:normal;">(2019)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="artış" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.949<sup id="cite_ref-UNHDR_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNHDR-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r33633371"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgreen">çok yüksek</span></span> · <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0nsani_Geli%C5%9Fme_Endeksi%27ne_g%C3%B6re_%C3%BClkeler_listesi" title="İnsani Gelişme Endeksi'ne göre ülkeler listesi">4.</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Para birimi</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_dolar%C4%B1" title="Hong Kong doları">Hong Kong doları</a> (<a href="/wiki/ISO_4217" title="ISO 4217">HKD</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Zaman dilimi</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/E%C5%9Fg%C3%BCd%C3%BCml%C3%BC_Evrensel_Zaman" title="Eşgüdümlü Evrensel Zaman">UTC</a>+8</span> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong_Time&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong Time (sayfa mevcut değil)">HKT</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Tarih formatı</th><td class="infobox-data">yyyy年a月g日 (Çince)<br />gg/aa/yyyy (İngilizce)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Sa%C4%9Fdan_ve_soldan_akan_trafik" title="Sağdan ve soldan akan trafik">Trafik akışı</a></th><td class="infobox-data">sol</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Telefon kodu</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%2B852&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="+852 (sayfa mevcut değil)">+852</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0nternet_%C3%BCst_seviye_alan_adlar%C4%B1_listesi" title="İnternet üst seviye alan adları listesi">İnternet alan adı</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/.hk" title=".hk">.hk</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Hong Kong</b> (<a href="/wiki/%C3%87ince" title="Çince">Çince</a>: 香港, <small><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Kantoncas%C4%B1" title="Hong Kong Kantoncası">Kantonca</a> telaffuzu:</small> <span class="noprint"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/5\/5e\/Yue-heung1gong2.ogg\/Yue-heung1gong2.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"[h\u0153\u0301\u02d0\u014b.k\u0254\u030c\u02d0\u014b]"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"tr","wikibase":"","file":"Yue-heung1gong2.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5e/Yue-heung1gong2.ogg/Yue-heung1gong2.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Ses çal" title="Ses çal" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label">[hœ́ːŋ.kɔ̌ːŋ]</span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Yue-heung1gong2.ogg" title="Dosya:Yue-heung1gong2.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span>) ya da resmî adıyla <b>Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti Hong Kong Özel İdari Bölgesi</b>, <a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCney_%C3%87in_Denizi" title="Güney Çin Denizi">Güney Çin Denizi</a> kıyısındaki <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0nci_Nehri_Deltas%C4%B1" title="İnci Nehri Deltası">İnci Nehri Deltası</a>'nda ve <a href="/wiki/%C3%87in" title="Çin">Çin</a>'e ait bir metropolitan alan ve <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel_idari_b%C3%B6lge" title="Özel idari bölge">özel idari bölgedir</a>. 1.104 km<sup>2</sup>'lik alanı içerisinde 7,4 milyon kişiyi aşan çok uluslu<sup id="cite_ref-çok-uluslu_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-çok-uluslu-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> nüfusunu barındıran Hong Kong, dünyada <a href="/wiki/N%C3%BCfus_yo%C4%9Funluklar%C4%B1na_g%C3%B6re_%C3%BClkeler_listesi" title="Nüfus yoğunluklarına göre ülkeler listesi">nüfusun en yoğun olduğu yerlerden</a> biridir. </span></p><p>Hong Kong, 1842'de <a href="/wiki/Birinci_Afyon_Sava%C5%9F%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Birinci Afyon Savaşı">Birinci Afyon Savaşı</a>'nın sonunda <a href="/wiki/%C3%87ing_Hanedan%C4%B1" title="Çing Hanedanı">Çing Hanedanı</a>'nın <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Adas%C4%B1" title="Hong Kong Adası">Hong Kong Adası</a>'nı <a href="/wiki/Britanya_%C4%B0mparatorlu%C4%9Fu" title="Britanya İmparatorluğu">Britanya İmparatorluğu</a>'na devretmesiyle Britanya'nın kolonisi oldu.<sup id="cite_ref-CarrollEarlyHistory_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CarrollEarlyHistory-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0kinci_Afyon_Sava%C5%9F%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="İkinci Afyon Savaşı">İkinci Afyon Savaşı</a>'ndan sonra ise bu koloni, <a href="/wiki/Kowloon_Yar%C4%B1madas%C4%B1" title="Kowloon Yarımadası">Kowloon Yarımadası</a>'na doğru büyüdü. Britanya'nın <a href="/wiki/Yeni_B%C3%B6lgeler" title="Yeni Bölgeler">Yeni Bölgeler</a>'de 99 yıllık kiralamayı elde ettiğinde daha da büyüdü.<sup id="cite_ref-SecondOpiumWar_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SecondOpiumWar-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NTLease_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NTLease-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bu toprakların tümü 1997'de <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_%C3%BCzerindeki_egemenli%C4%9Fin_devri" title="Hong Kong üzerindeki egemenliğin devri">Çin'e geri verildi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NYTHandover_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTHandover-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Egemenliğin devri sonrasında özel idari bölge statüsü verilmiş Hong Kong, "<a href="/wiki/Tek_%C3%BClke,_iki_sistem" title="Tek ülke, iki sistem">tek ülke, iki sistem</a>" prensibiyle <a href="/wiki/%C3%87in_anakaras%C4%B1" title="Çin anakarası">Çin anakarasından</a> ayrı yönetim ve ekonomik sistemlerine sahiptir.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>İlk başlarında nüfusu az bir tarım ve balıkçı köyünden ibaret olan<sup id="cite_ref-CarrollEarlyHistory_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CarrollEarlyHistory-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> bu bölge artık dünyanın en önde gelen finansal merkezleri ve ticarî limanlarından birine dönüştü.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dünyanın en büyük 10. ihracatçısı ve en büyük 9. ithalatçısıdır.<sup id="cite_ref-CIAExports_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIAExports-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CIAImports_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIAImports-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hong Kong'un az vergilendirme ve serbest ticaret ile nitelenen büyük bir kapitalist hizmet ekonomisi vardır. </p><p>Para birimi, <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_dolar%C4%B1" title="Hong Kong doları">Hong Kong doları</a> da dünyada en çok işlem gören 8. para birimidir.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hong Kong, dünyada en yoğun oranda <a href="/wiki/Ultra_y%C3%BCksek_net_de%C4%9Ferli_birey" class="mw-redirect" title="Ultra yüksek net değerli birey">ultra yüksek net değerli bireyin</a> oturduğu şehirdir.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Şehrin dünyadaki en yüksek <a href="/wiki/Ki%C5%9Fi_ba%C5%9F%C4%B1na_sat%C4%B1n_alma_g%C3%BCc%C3%BC_paritelerine_g%C3%B6re_%C3%BClkeler_listesi" title="Kişi başına satın alma gücü paritelerine göre ülkeler listesi">kişi başına gelirlerinden</a> birine sahip olmasına rağmen, kendi sakinleri arasında ciddi derecede <a href="/wiki/Gelir_da%C4%9F%C4%B1l%C4%B1m%C4%B1na_g%C3%B6re_%C3%BClkeler_listesi" title="Gelir dağılımına göre ülkeler listesi">gelir eşitsizliği</a> mevcuttur.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hong Kong, <a href="/wiki/Geli%C5%9Fmi%C5%9F_%C3%BClke" title="Gelişmiş ülke">yüksek gelişmişlik</a> değerleri gösteren bir bölgedir ve 2019 yılı itibarıyla <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0nsani_Geli%C5%9Fme_Endeksi%27ne_g%C3%B6re_%C3%BClkeler_listesi" title="İnsani Gelişme Endeksi'ne göre ülkeler listesi">BM İnsani Gelişme Endeksi</a>'nde dördüncü sıradadır.<sup id="cite_ref-cia_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cia-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tüm dünyada en çok sayıda gökdeleni olan şehirdir.<sup id="cite_ref-SkyscraperCenter_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SkyscraperCenter-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hong Kong sakinleri de dünyanın en yüksek <a href="/wiki/Beklenen_ya%C5%9Fam_s%C3%BCresine_g%C3%B6re_%C3%BClkeler_listesi" title="Beklenen yaşam süresine göre ülkeler listesi">beklenen yaşam sürelerinden</a> birine sahiptir.<sup id="cite_ref-cia_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cia-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Yoğun alan, toplu taşıma oranlarının %90'ı aşan oldukça gelişmiş bir ulaşım ağına yol açmıştır.<sup id="cite_ref-pubtransport_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pubtransport-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>22 eylül 2022‘de basılan GFCI 32 <i><a href="/wiki/K%C3%BCresel_Finans_Merkezleri_Endeksi" title="Küresel Finans Merkezleri Endeksi">Küresel Finans Merkezleri Endeksi</a></i> 'inde Hong Kong 3. sıradadır.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>ABD merkezli muhafazakâr liberteryen düşünce kuruluşu <a href="/wiki/The_Heritage_Foundation" title="The Heritage Foundation">The Heritage Foundation</a>'ın yürüttüğü <i><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0nsani_Geli%C5%9Fme_Endeksi" title="İnsani Gelişme Endeksi">İnsani Gelişme Endeksi</a></i> senelik sıralamasında Hong Kong, 25 yıldır üst üste en üst sıradadır.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r26676090">.mw-parser-output .toclimit-2 .toclevel-1 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-3 .toclevel-2 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-4 .toclevel-3 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-5 .toclevel-4 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-6 .toclevel-5 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-7 .toclevel-6 ul{display:none}</style><div class="toclimit-3"><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etimoloji">Etimoloji</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Etimoloji" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=1" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Etimoloji"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r28603389"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r28603389"><p>Çince ad<a href="/wiki/%C3%87ince" title="Çince">Çince</a><span lang="zh-Hani" style="font-size:1rem;" title="Chinese language text">香港</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r28603389">Sözlük anlamı"Kokulu Liman"<sup id="cite_ref-HerbariumName_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HerbariumName-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CarrollHKName_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CarrollHKName-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r28603389"></p><table class="infobox-subbox collapsible collapsed"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above font-size: 100%; text-align: left; background-color: #f9ffbc;">Transkripsiyon</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2"></td></tr></tbody></table><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r28603389"><p>Çince ad<a href="/wiki/Geleneksel_%C3%87ince_karakterler" class="mw-redirect" title="Geleneksel Çince karakterler">Geleneksel Çince</a><span lang="zh-Hant" style="font-size:1rem;" title="Chinese language text">香港特別行政區<br />(香港特區)</span><a href="/wiki/Basitle%C5%9Ftirilmi%C5%9F_%C3%87ince_karakterler" class="mw-redirect" title="Basitleştirilmiş Çince karakterler">Basitleştirilmiş Çince</a><span lang="zh-Hans" style="font-size:1rem;" title="Chinese language text">香港特别行政区<br />(香港特区)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r28603389"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r28603389"></p><table class="infobox-subbox collapsible collapsed"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above font-size: 100%; text-align: left; background-color: #f9ffbc;">Transkripsiyon</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2"></td></tr></tbody></table><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r28603389"> <p>Bölgenin adı, orijinal olarak <a href="/wiki/Ap_Lei_Chau" title="Ap Lei Chau">Aberdeen Adası</a> ile Hong Kong Adası'nın güney kıyısı arasındaki küçük bir koya atıfta bulunarak ilk olarak 1780'de "He-Ong-Kong" olarak <a href="/wiki/Romanizasyon" title="Romanizasyon">romanize edildi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Aberdeen, İngiliz denizciler ve yerel balıkçılar arasındaki ilk temas noktasıydı.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Romanize ismin kaynağı bilinmemekle birlikte, genellikle <a href="/wiki/Kantonca" title="Kantonca">Kantonca</a> (veya Tanka Kantoncası) <i>hēung góng</i> ifadesinin eski bir fonetik yorumu olduğuna inanılır. Adı Türkçeye "kokulu liman" veya "tütsü limanı" olarak tercüme edilir.<sup id="cite_ref-HerbariumName_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HerbariumName-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CarrollHKName_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CarrollHKName-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-etym_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-etym-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "Kokulu", limanın İnci Nehri'nden gelen tatlı su akışının tatlı tadına veya kuzey <a href="/wiki/Kowloon" title="Kowloon">Kowloon</a> kıyılarında sıralanan tütsü fabrikalarının kokusuna atıfta bulunabilir. Tütsü, <a href="/wiki/Victoria_Liman%C4%B1" title="Victoria Limanı">Victoria Limanı</a> geliştirilmeden önce ihracat için Aberdeen Limanı yakınlarında depolanıyordu.<sup id="cite_ref-etym_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-etym-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sir John Davis (ikinci sömürge valisi) alternatif bir köken önerdi; Davis, adın, adadaki bir şelalenin üzerinden aktığı toprağın rengini yansıtan "Hoong-keang" ("kırmızı sel") 'den türetildiğini söyledi.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Basitleştirilmiş <i>Hong Kong</i> adı, 1810'da sıklıkla kullanıldı.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> İsim, hükûmetin iki kelimelik ismi resmen kabul ettiği 1926 yılına kadar yaygın olarak tek kelimelik <i>Hongkong</i> olarak yazıldı.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Erken sömürge döneminde kurulan bazı şirketler, Hongkong Land, Hongkong Electric Company, Hongkong and Shanghai Hotels ve the Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation (HSBC) dahil olmak üzere hala bu adı taşımaktadır.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-HSBC_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HSBC-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tarihçe"><span id="Tarih.C3.A7e"></span>Tarihçe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Tarihçe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=2" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Tarihçe"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Ana maddeler: <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_tarihi" title="Hong Kong tarihi">Hong Kong tarihi</a> ve <a href="/wiki/%C3%87in_tarihi" title="Çin tarihi">Çin tarihi</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tarih_Öncesi_ve_İmparatorluk_Çin'i"><span id="Tarih_.C3.96ncesi_ve_.C4.B0mparatorluk_.C3.87in.27i"></span>Tarih Öncesi ve İmparatorluk Çin'i</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Tarih Öncesi ve İmparatorluk Çin'i" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=3" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Tarih Öncesi ve İmparatorluk Çin'i"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Halen Hong Kong olan yerde bilinen en eski insan izleri, <a href="/wiki/Eski_Ta%C5%9F_%C3%87a%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Eski Taş Çağı">Paleolitik</a> döneminde yaklaşık 35.000 ve 39.000 yıl öncesine tarihlenir. Bu iddia, 2003 yılında Wong Tei Tung, Sai Kung Yarımadası'nda yapılan bir arkeolojik araştırmaya dayanır. Arkeolojik çalışmalar, optik lüminesans tarihleme kullanılarak tarihlenen birikintilerden yontulmuş <a href="/wiki/Ta%C5%9F_alet" title="Taş alet">taş aletleri</a> ortaya çıkardı.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>İnsanların ilk kez yaklaşık 6.000 yıl önceki <a href="/wiki/Cilal%C4%B1_Ta%C5%9F_Devri" title="Cilalı Taş Devri">Cilalı Taş Devri</a>'nde bu bölgeye yerleştikleri bilinmektedir.<sup id="cite_ref-Meacham2_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Meacham2-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hong Kong'a yerleşen ilk insanlar, kısmen deniz kıyısında yaşayan bir halktı,<sup id="cite_ref-Meacham2_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Meacham2-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ve günümüz Çin'in iç bölgesinden buraya göç edip, yanlarına da pirinç tarımı bilgisini getirmişlerdir.<sup id="cite_ref-Li38_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Li38-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/%C3%87in_Hanedan%C4%B1" title="Çin Hanedanı">Qin Hanedanı</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yue_kabilelerine_kar%C5%9F%C4%B1_%C3%87in_seferi" title="Yue kabilelerine karşı Çin seferi">yerli Baiyue kabilelerini fethettikten</a> sonra MÖ 214'te Hong Kong bölgesini Çin'e ilk kez dahil etti.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bölge, Qin Hanedanı çöküşünden sonra <a href="/wiki/Nanyue" title="Nanyue">Nanyue</a> krallığı (Vietnam'ın bir önceki devleti) altında konsolide edildi,<sup id="cite_ref-KeatGinOoi_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KeatGinOoi-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nanyue%27nin_Han_taraf%C4%B1ndan_fethi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nanyue'nin Han tarafından fethi (sayfa mevcut değil)">Han fethinden</a> sonra da Çin tarafından yeniden ele geçirildi.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Çin'in 13. yüzyıldaki <a href="/w/index.php?title=Song_%C3%87ini%27nin_Mo%C4%9Follar_taraf%C4%B1ndan_fethi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Song Çini'nin Moğollar tarafından fethi (sayfa mevcut değil)">Moğol fethi</a> boyunca <a href="/wiki/Song_Hanedan%C4%B1" title="Song Hanedanı">Güney Song</a> hanedan ailesinin rezidansı, Song'un 1279 yılı <a href="/wiki/Yamen_Muharebesi" title="Yamen Muharebesi">Yamen Muharebesi</a>'nde en sonunda yenilgiye uğramasından önce, kısa bir süre için günümüz <a href="/wiki/Kowloon_City" title="Kowloon City">Kowloon City</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sung_Wong_Toi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sung Wong Toi (sayfa mevcut değil)">Sung Wong Toi</a> sitesi)'de yer aldı.<sup id="cite_ref-Barber_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barber-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Yuan_Hanedan%C4%B1" title="Yuan Hanedanı">Yuan Hanedanı</a>'nın sonunda yedi büyük aile bölgeye yerleşmiş ve toprağın çoğunu kendi eline almıştır. <a href="/wiki/Ming_Hanedan%C4%B1" title="Ming Hanedanı">Ming Hanedanı</a> boyunca buraya yakın bölgelerden insanlar Kowloon'e göç etti.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Günümüz Hong Kong'un bulunduğu toprağı ziyaret etmiş ilk Avrupalı, 1513 yılında gelmiş <a href="/wiki/Portekiz_Krall%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Portekiz Krallığı">Portekizli</a> kâşif <a href="/wiki/Jorge_%C3%81lvares" title="Jorge Álvares">Jorge Álvares</a>'tir.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Portekizli tüccarlar, Hong Kong sularında <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tam%C3%A3o&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tamão (sayfa mevcut değil)">Tamão</a> adında bir ticaret merkezi kurdu ve güney Çin ile düzenli olarak ticarette bulunmaya başladı. 1520'lerdeki <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tunmen_Muharebesi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tunmen Muharebesi (sayfa mevcut değil)">askeri çatışmalar</a> sonrasında bu tüccarlar bölgeden kovuldu,<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ancak <a href="/w/index.php?title=1554_%C3%87in-Portekiz_Anla%C5%9Fmas%C4%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1554 Çin-Portekiz Anlaşması (sayfa mevcut değil)">1554 Çin-Portekiz Anlaşması</a> imzalandıktan sonra, Çin ile Portekiz arasındaki ticarî ilişkiler yeniden başladı. 1557 yılında Portekiz, <a href="/wiki/Makao" title="Makao">Makao</a>'yu daimi bir kira anlaşması altında yönetme hakkını kazandı.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Çin'in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ming%27den_%C3%87ing%27e_ge%C3%A7i%C5%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ming'den Çing'e geçiş (sayfa mevcut değil)">Çing Hanedanı yönetimine girmesinden</a> sonra deniz ticareti <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haijin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Haijin (sayfa mevcut değil)">Haijin</a></i> politikalarınca yasaklandı. İmparator <a href="/wiki/Kangxi" title="Kangxi">Kangxi</a> bu yasağı kaldırdı ve 1684'te yabancıların Çin limanlarında ticaret yapmalarına tekrar izin verildi.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Çing yetkilileri ticareti daha sıkı şekilde yönetmek için 1757 yılında <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kanton_Sistemi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kanton Sistemi (sayfa mevcut değil)">Kanton Sistemi</a>'ni kurdu; bu sistem altında Rus gemileri haricindeki yabancı gemilerin sadece <a href="/wiki/Guangzhou" title="Guangzhou">Kanton</a> limanında ticaret yapmalarına izin verildi.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Avrupalıların çay, ipek ve porselen gibi Çin mallarına yüksek talebi olmasına rağmen, Çinlilerin Avrupa mallarına talebi yok sayılabilecek kadar azdı; bu nedenle Çin malları ancak değerli metallerle satın alınabilirdi. Bu ticaret dengesizliğini azaltmak için Britanyalılar, Çin'e büyük miktarlarda Hint <a href="/wiki/Afyon_(narkotik)" title="Afyon (narkotik)">afyon</a>'u sattı. Bir uyuşturucu kriziyle yüz yüze gelmiş Çing memurları, afyon ticaretinin sonlandırılması için giderek saldırganlaşan tedbirler aldı.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="İngiliz_kolonisi"><span id=".C4.B0ngiliz_kolonisi"></span>İngiliz kolonisi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: İngiliz kolonisi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=4" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: İngiliz kolonisi"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Ana madde: <a href="/wiki/Britanya_Hong_Kongu" title="Britanya Hong Kongu">Britanya Hong Kongu</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Hong_Kong_1868.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Hong_Kong_1868.jpg/220px-Hong_Kong_1868.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Hong_Kong_1868.jpg/330px-Hong_Kong_1868.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Hong_Kong_1868.jpg/440px-Hong_Kong_1868.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4416" data-file-height="3255" /></a><figcaption>1868'de Hong Kong, fotoğrafçı John Thomson tarafından çekilen fotoğraf</figcaption></figure> <p>1839 yılında İmparator <a href="/wiki/Daoguang" title="Daoguang">Daoguang</a>, afyonu yasallaştırma ve vergilendirme önerileri reddetti ve imparatorluk komisyon üyesi <a href="/wiki/Lin_Zexu" title="Lin Zexu">Lin Zexu</a>'ya afyon ticaretini ortadan kaldırmasını emretti. Lin'in afyon stoklarını imha ettirmesi ve tüm dış ticareti sonlandırması,<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> İngilizlerin <a href="/wiki/Birinci_Afyon_Sava%C5%9F%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Birinci Afyon Savaşı">Birinci Afyon Savaşı</a>'nda askeri yolla karşılık vermesini tetikledi. Çing, savaşın başında teslim oldu ve <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chuenpi_S%C3%B6zle%C5%9Fmesi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chuenpi Sözleşmesi (sayfa mevcut değil)">Chuenpi Sözleşmesi</a> kapsamında <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Adas%C4%B1" title="Hong Kong Adası">Hong Kong Adası</a>'nı devretti ancak her iki ülke anlaşmadan memnun olmadı ve anlaşma onaylanmadı.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bir yıldan fazla süren düşmanlıklardan sonra, Hong Kong Adası 1842 <a href="/wiki/Nanking_Antla%C5%9Fmas%C4%B1" title="Nanking Antlaşması">Nanking Antlaşması</a>'nda resmen <a href="/wiki/B%C3%BCy%C3%BCk_Britanya_ve_%C4%B0rlanda_Birle%C5%9Fik_Krall%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Büyük Britanya ve İrlanda Birleşik Krallığı">Birleşik Krallık</a>'a devredildi.<sup id="cite_ref-Courtauld_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Courtauld-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>1842'nin başlarında Hong Kong'un idari altyapısı hızla inşa edildi ancak korsanlık, hastalıklar ve Çing'in düşmanca politikaları, başlangıçta Birleşik Krallık'ın bu yeni kolonisine ticaret çekmesine engel oldu. 1850'lerdeki <a href="/wiki/Taiping_Ayaklanmas%C4%B1" title="Taiping Ayaklanması">Taiping Ayaklanması</a>'nda zengin tüccarlar dahil olmak üzere çok sayıda Çinli mültecinin Anakara'daki kargaşalardan kaçması ve koloniye yerleşmesiyle adadaki koşullar iyileşti.<sup id="cite_ref-CarrollEarlyHistory_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CarrollEarlyHistory-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Birleşik Krallık ile Çing arasında afyon ticaretine ilişkin devamlı gerginlikler <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0kinci_Afyon_Sava%C5%9F%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="İkinci Afyon Savaşı">İkinci Afyon Savaşı</a>'na neden oldu. Çing yine yenildi ve <a href="/wiki/Pekin_S%C3%B6zle%C5%9Fmesi" title="Pekin Sözleşmesi">Pekin Sözleşmesi</a>'nde <a href="/wiki/Kowloon_Yar%C4%B1madas%C4%B1" title="Kowloon Yarımadası">Kowloon Yarımadası</a> ve <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stonecutter%27s_Adas%C4%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stonecutter's Adası (sayfa mevcut değil)">Stonecutter's Adası</a>'nı da İngilizlere teslim etmek zorunda kaldı.<sup id="cite_ref-SecondOpiumWar_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SecondOpiumWar-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bu savaşın sonunda Hong Kong artık önemli bir ticaret merkezine dönüştü. 1850'lerde ekonominin hızla iyileşmesi, potansiyel paydaşların Hong Kong'un geleceğine dair güvenlerini artırdı ve Hong Kong'a yabancı yatırımı çekti.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Flag_of_Hong_Kong_(1959%E2%80%931997).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_Hong_Kong_%281959%E2%80%931997%29.svg/220px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong_%281959%E2%80%931997%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_Hong_Kong_%281959%E2%80%931997%29.svg/330px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong_%281959%E2%80%931997%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_Hong_Kong_%281959%E2%80%931997%29.svg/440px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong_%281959%E2%80%931997%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Britanya_Hong_Kongu" title="Britanya Hong Kongu">Britanya Hong Kongu</a>'nun 1959-1997 yılları arasındaki bayrağı</figcaption></figure> <p>Birleşik Krallık, <a href="/wiki/Yeni_B%C3%B6lgeler" title="Yeni Bölgeler">Yeni Bölgeler</a>'i 99 yıl boyunca kiralama hakkı kazanınca koloni daha da fazla genişledi.<sup id="cite_ref-NTLease_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NTLease-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 1911'de <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_%C3%9Cniversitesi" title="Hong Kong Üniversitesi">Hong Kong Üniversitesi</a>, Hong Kong'un ilk yükseköğretim kuruluşu olarak kuruldu.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 1924'te <a href="/wiki/Kai_Tak_Havaliman%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Kai Tak Havalimanı">Kai Tak Havalimanı</a> faaliyete geçti ve koloni, 1925-26 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kanton-Hong_Kong_grevi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kanton-Hong Kong grevi (sayfa mevcut değil)">Kanton-Hong Kong grevinden</a> sonra uzun süreli ekonomik gerilemeden etkilenmedi.<sup id="cite_ref-KaiTak_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KaiTak-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 1937 yılında, <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0kinci_%C3%87in-Japon_Sava%C5%9F%C4%B1" title="İkinci Çin-Japon Savaşı">İkinci Çin-Japon Savaşı</a>'nın başında, Vali <a href="/w/index.php?title=Geoffry_Northcote&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geoffry Northcote (sayfa mevcut değil)">Geoffry Northcote</a>, Hong Kong'un serbest liman statüsünü korumak için Hong Kong'un tarafsız bir bölge olduğunu ilan etti.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Koloni hükûmeti, 1940'ta tüm Britanyalı kadınları ve çocukları tahliye ederek olası bir saldırıya hazırlandı.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 8 Aralık 1941 tarihinde, yani Japonların <a href="/wiki/Pearl_Harbor_Sald%C4%B1r%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Pearl Harbor Saldırısı">Pearl Harbor Saldırısı</a>'nı yaptığı aynı günde, <a href="/wiki/Japon_%C4%B0mparatorluk_Ordusu" title="Japon İmparatorluk Ordusu">Japon İmparatorluk Ordusu</a> Hong Kong'a <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Muharebesi" title="Hong Kong Muharebesi">saldırdı</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hong Kong neredeyse dört sene boyunca <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong%27un_Japonlar_taraf%C4%B1ndan_i%C5%9Fgali&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong'un Japonlar tarafından işgali (sayfa mevcut değil)">Japon işgali</a> altında kaldı ancak 30 Ağustos 1945 tarihinde Birleşik Krallık, Hong Kong'u yeniden kendi kontrolü altına aldı.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>İkinci Dünya Savaşı sonrasında nitelikli Çinli göçmenlerin <a href="/wiki/%C3%87in_%C4%B0%C3%A7_Sava%C5%9F%C4%B1" title="Çin İç Savaşı">Çin İç Savaşı</a>'ndan kaçmasıyla, Hong Kong'un nüfusu yeniden hızla artmaya başladı ve <a href="/wiki/%C3%87in_Kom%C3%BCnist_Partisi" title="Çin Komünist Partisi">Komünist Parti</a>, 1949 yılında Çin anakarası üzerindeki kontrolü kazandığında daha da fazla mülteci sınırdan geçti.<sup id="cite_ref-Wiltshire_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wiltshire-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hong Kong, 1950'ler boyunca sanayileşen ilk <a href="/wiki/Asya_Kaplanlar%C4%B1" title="Asya Kaplanları">Asya Kaplanı</a> ekonomisi oldu.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nüfusun hızla çoğalmasıyla koloni hükûmeti, altyapıyı ve kamu hizmetleri iyileştirmek için reform uygulamaya başladı. Savaş sonrası dönemde daha güvenli konut, kamu hizmetlerinde bütünlük ve daha güvenilir bir ulaşım sistemi sağlamak için <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong%27da_kamu_konut&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong'da kamu konut (sayfa mevcut değil)">toplu konut emlak programı</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yolsuzlu%C4%9Fa_Kar%C5%9F%C4%B1_Ba%C4%9F%C4%B1ms%C4%B1z_Komisyon_(Hong_Kong)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yolsuzluğa Karşı Bağımsız Komisyon (Hong Kong) (sayfa mevcut değil)">Yolsuzluğa Karşı Bağımsız Komisyon</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_metrosu" class="mw-redirect" title="Hong Kong metrosu">Hong Kong metrosu</a> hepsi kuruldu.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Artan işçilik ve mülk maliyetleri nedeniyle bölgenin imalat dalındaki rekabet gücü giderek azalsa da, hizmet ekonomisine geçiş yapıldı. 1990'ların başında Hong Kong artık küresel bir finans ve nakliye merkezi olarak kendini kanıtlamış durumdaydı.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Çin_özel_idari_bölgesi"><span id=".C3.87in_.C3.B6zel_idari_b.C3.B6lgesi"></span>Çin özel idari bölgesi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Çin özel idari bölgesi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=5" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Çin özel idari bölgesi"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Yeni Bölgeler'in kirasının sona erme zamanının giderek yaklaşmasıyla koloni, belirsiz bir gelecekle yüz yüze geldi. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Murray_MacLehose&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Murray MacLehose (sayfa mevcut değil)">Murray MacLehose</a>, 1979 yılında <a href="/wiki/Deng_%C5%9Eiaoping" title="Deng Şiaoping">Deng Şiaoping</a>'e bu konuyu açtı.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Çin ile yapılan diplomatik müzakereler, Birleşik Krallık'ın 1997'de koloniyi devretmeyi kabul ettiği ve Çin'in, devirden sonra 50 yıl boyunca Hong Kong'un ekonomik ve siyasi sistemlerini garanti edeceği 1984 <a href="/wiki/%C3%87in-Britanya_Ortak_Bildirisi" title="Çin-Britanya Ortak Bildirisi">Çin-Britanya Ortak Bildirisi</a> ile sonuçlandı.<sup id="cite_ref-Carroll181_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carroll181-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bu transferin giderek yaklaşmasıyla, Hong Kong sakinleri arasında sivil hakların, hukuk devletinin ve yaşam kalitesinin olası bozulmasına dair kuşkular uyandırıldı ve Hong Kong'dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong%27dan_d%C4%B1%C5%9Fg%C3%B6%C3%A7_dalgas%C4%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong'dan dışgöç dalgası (sayfa mevcut değil)">büyük bir göç dalgası</a> tetiklendi.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bu göç dalgasının zirvesindeki 1987 ile 1996 yılları arasında yarım milyondan fazla insan Hong Kong'u terk etti.<sup id="cite_ref-2002Pop_78-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2002Pop-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hong Kong, 156 yıllık Britanya hakimiyetinden sonra, 1 Temmuz 1997 tarihinde <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_%C3%BCzerindeki_egemenli%C4%9Fin_devri" title="Hong Kong üzerindeki egemenliğin devri">Çin'e devredildi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NYTHandover_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTHandover-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Egemenliğin devrinden hemen sonra, Hong Kong çeşitli krizlerden ciddi şekilde etkilendi. Hükûmet, <a href="/wiki/1997_Asya_mali_krizi" title="1997 Asya mali krizi">1997 Asya mali krizi</a> sırasında Hong Kong doları döviz kurunu korumak için büyük miktarda <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_rezervler" title="Uluslararası rezervler">döviz rezervi</a> kullanmak zorunda kaldı;<sup id="cite_ref-Wiltshire_70-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wiltshire-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> bu krizden iyileşme süreci de H5N1 kuş gribi salgını<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ve konut fazlasından<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> aksadı. Bunun ardından ise, bölgenin en ciddi ekonomik gerilemesine neden olan <a href="/wiki/SARS_salg%C4%B1n%C4%B1" title="SARS salgını">2003 SARS salgını</a> yer aldı.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bölgenin <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong%27da_demokratik_kalk%C4%B1nma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong'da demokratik kalkınma (sayfa mevcut değil)">demokratik kalkınması</a> ve <a href="/wiki/%C3%87in_Halk_Cumhuriyeti_Devlet_Konseyi" title="Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti Devlet Konseyi">merkezi hükûmetin</a> "tek ülke, iki sistem" ilkesine bağlılığı, egemenliğin devri sonrasındaki politik tartışmaların merkezinde yer almış konulardır. Yasama Meclisinin koloni döneminde uygulamış olduğu en son <a href="/w/index.php?title=1994_Hong_Kong_se%C3%A7im_reformu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1994 Hong Kong seçim reformu (sayfa mevcut değil)">demokratik reformların</a> Hong Kong'un Çin'e geri verilmesi sonrasında geri çevrilmesinin<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ardından Hong Kong hükûmeti, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong_Temel_Kanunu%27nun_23._maddesi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong Temel Kanunu'nun 23. maddesi (sayfa mevcut değil)">Temel Kanun'un 23. maddesi</a> uyarınca <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulusal_G%C3%BCvenlik_(Yasama_H%C3%BCk%C3%BCmleri)_Yasas%C4%B1_2003&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ulusal Güvenlik (Yasama Hükümleri) Yasası 2003 (sayfa mevcut değil)">ulusal güvenlik mevzuatı</a> uygulama teşebbüsünde bulundu, ancak bu başarısızlığa uğradı.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Merkezi hükûmetin Baş İcra seçimlerine izin vermeden önce adayların ön taramasını uygulama kararı, 2014'te Şemsiye Devrimi olarak bilinen <a href="/w/index.php?title=2014_Hong_Kong_protestolar%C4%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2014 Hong Kong protestoları (sayfa mevcut değil)">bir dizi protestoyu</a> tetikledi.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 2016 Yasama Konseyi seçimlerinden sonra seçim kayıtlarındaki tutarsızlıklar, seçilen yasa koyucuların diskalifiye edilmesi<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ve <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong_Bat%C4%B1_Kowloon_demiryolu_istasyonu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong Batı Kowloon demiryolu istasyonu (sayfa mevcut değil)">Batı Kowloon yüksek hızlı tren istasyonunda</a> ulusal yasaların uygulanması, bölgenin özerkliği hakkında daha fazla endişe yarattı.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Haziran 2019'da, kaçakların Çin anakarasına iade edilmesine izin veren bir değişiklik tasarısına yanıt olarak yeniden <a href="/wiki/2019-2020_Hong_Kong_protestolar%C4%B1" title="2019-2020 Hong Kong protestoları">büyük protestolar patlak verdi</a>. Protestolar Aralık ayına kadar devam etti; protesto düzenleyicilerinin iddialarına göre, bir milyondan fazla kişi protestolara katılmış,<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> yani bu, muhtemelen Hong Kong tarihinin en büyük ölçekli siyasi protesto hareketidir.<sup id="cite_ref-EconomistRestoreCalm_90-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EconomistRestoreCalm-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hükümet_ve_siyaset"><span id="H.C3.BCk.C3.BCmet_ve_siyaset"></span>Hükümet ve siyaset</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Hükümet ve siyaset" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=6" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Hükümet ve siyaset"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Legislative_Council_Complex_2011_Chamber.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Masalar ve kürsü bulunan büyük, yuvarlak oda" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Legislative_Council_Complex_2011_Chamber.JPG/220px-Legislative_Council_Complex_2011_Chamber.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Legislative_Council_Complex_2011_Chamber.JPG/330px-Legislative_Council_Complex_2011_Chamber.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Legislative_Council_Complex_2011_Chamber.JPG/440px-Legislative_Council_Complex_2011_Chamber.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>2012'den beri yasama organı Tamar Yasama Konseyi Kompleksi'nde toplanır.</figcaption></figure><p>. </p><p>Hong Kong, yürütme, yasama ve yargı yetkilerinin ulusal hükûmete devredildiği, <a href="/wiki/%C3%87in%27in_%C3%B6zel_idari_b%C3%B6lgeleri" title="Çin'in özel idari bölgeleri">Çin'in özel bir idari bölgesi</a>’dir.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Çin-İngiliz Ortak Deklarasyonu, egemenliğin devri yoluyla ekonomik ve idari süreklilik sağladı,<sup id="cite_ref-Carroll181_76-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carroll181-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> bunun sonucunda, büyük ölçüde bölgenin bir İngiliz kolonisi olarak tarihinden miras kalan, <a href="/wiki/Y%C3%BCr%C3%BCtme_erki" title="Yürütme erki">yürütme</a>’nin yönettiği bir yönetim sistemi ortaya çıktı.<sup id="cite_ref-BasicLaw15_92-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BasicLaw15-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bu şartlar ve "bir ülke, iki sistem" ilkesi uyarınca, Hong Kong Temel Yasası bölgesel anayasadır.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bölgesel hükûmet üç koldan oluşur: </p> <ul><li><i>Yürütme:</i> İcra Kurulu Başkanı, bölgesel yasaların uygulanmasından sorumludur,<sup id="cite_ref-BasicLaw15_92-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BasicLaw15-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> mevzuatın yeniden gözden geçirilmesini zorlayabilir,<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ve Yürütme Konseyi üyelerini ve başlıca yetkilileri atayabilir.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Yürütme Konseyi ile birlikte hareket eden Konsey İcra Kurulu Başkanı, yeni yasa tasarıları önerebilir, ikincil yasalar çıkarabilir ve yasama organını feshetme yetkisine sahiptir.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Ola%C4%9Fan%C3%BCst%C3%BC_h%C3%A2l" title="Olağanüstü hâl">Olağanüstü hal</a>'lerde veya kamu tehlikesi durumunda, Konsey İcra Kurulu Başkanı ayrıca kamu düzenini yeniden sağlamak için gerekli her türlü düzenlemeyi yapma yetkisine sahiptir.<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Yasama:</i> Tek meclisli Yasama Konseyi bölgesel kanunları çıkarır, bütçeleri onaylar ve görevdeki bir genel müdürü <a href="/wiki/Meclis_soru%C5%9Fturmas%C4%B1" title="Meclis soruşturması">görevden alma</a> yetkisine sahiptir.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Yargı:</i> Yargıtay ve alt mahkemeler kanunları yorumlar ve Temel Kanun'a aykırı olanları bozar.<sup id="cite_ref-Gittings150_99-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gittings150-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Yargıçlar, tavsiye komisyonunun tavsiyesi üzerine genel müdür tarafından atanır.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>İcra başkanı, <a href="/wiki/H%C3%BCk%C3%BBmet_ba%C5%9Fkan%C4%B1" title="Hükûmet başkanı">hükümetin başı</a>'dır ve en fazla iki beş yıllık dönem için görev yapar. <a href="/wiki/%C3%87in_Halk_Cumhuriyeti_Devlet_Konseyi" title="Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti Devlet Konseyi">Devlet Konseyi</a> (<a href="/wiki/%C3%87in_ba%C5%9Fbakan%C4%B1" title="Çin başbakanı">Çin başbakanı</a> tarafından yönetilen), 1.200 iş, toplum ve hükûmet liderinden oluşan Seçim Komitesi tarafından aday gösterildikten sonra baş yöneticiyi atar.<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Yasama Konseyi'nin her biri dört yıllık bir süre için görev yapan 90 üyesi vardır. Yirmisi doğrudan coğrafi seçim bölgelerinden seçilir, otuz beşi işlevsel seçim bölgelerini (FC) temsil eder ve kırkı Çin merkezi hükûmeti tarafından atanan temsilcilerden oluşan bir seçim komitesi tarafından seçilir.<sup id="cite_ref-overhaul_HK_104-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-overhaul_HK-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Otuz FC meclis üyesi, ekonomi sektörlerini veya özel çıkar gruplarını temsil eden sınırlı seçmenler arasından seçilir,<sup id="cite_ref-LegCoVoting_105-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LegCoVoting-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ve geri kalan beş üye, görevdeki bölge meclisi üyelerinden aday gösterilir ve bölge çapında çifte doğrudan seçimlerle seçilir.<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Halk tarafından seçilen tüm üyeler <a href="/wiki/Nispi_temsil_sistemi" title="Nispi temsil sistemi">orantılı temsil</a> ile seçilir. 30 sınırlı seçmen işlevsel seçim bölgesi koltuklarını <a href="/wiki/Tek_%C4%B0simli_Tek_Turlu_%C3%87o%C4%9Funluk_Sistemi" title="Tek İsimli Tek Turlu Çoğunluk Sistemi">sondan sonraki ilk</a> veya <a href="/wiki/Alternatif_oy" title="Alternatif oy">anında ikinci tur oylama</a> kullanarak doldurur.<sup id="cite_ref-LegCoVoting_105-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LegCoVoting-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>2016 seçimlerinde yirmi iki siyasi partinin Yasama Konseyi'ne seçilmiş temsilcileri vardı.<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bu partiler kendilerini üç ideolojik gruba ayırdı: Pekin yanlısı kamp (mevcut hükûmet), demokrasi yanlısı kamp ve yerelci gruplar.<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Çin Komünist Partisi'nin Hong Kong'da resmi bir siyasi varlığı yoktur ve üyeleri yerel seçimlere katılmazlar.<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hong Kong, <a href="/wiki/Ulusal_Halk_Kongresi" title="Ulusal Halk Kongresi">Ulusal Halk Kongresi</a>'nde seçim kurulu aracılığıyla seçilen 36 milletvekili ve merkezi hükûmet tarafından atanan <a href="/wiki/%C3%87in_Halk_Siyasi_Dan%C4%B1%C5%9Fma_Konferans%C4%B1" title="Çin Halk Siyasi Danışma Konferansı">Çin Halk Siyasi Danışma Konferansı</a>'nda 203 delege tarafından temsil edilir.<sup id="cite_ref-NationalReps_110-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NationalReps-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:HK_Chater_Road_LegCo_view.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Açık mavi gökyüzüne karşı arka planda bir gökdelen bulunan granit neo-klasik bir binanın gri kubbesi ve ön duvarı" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/HK_Chater_Road_LegCo_view.jpg/220px-HK_Chater_Road_LegCo_view.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/HK_Chater_Road_LegCo_view.jpg/330px-HK_Chater_Road_LegCo_view.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/HK_Chater_Road_LegCo_view.jpg/440px-HK_Chater_Road_LegCo_view.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>Son Temyiz Mahkeme Binası daha önce Yüksek Mahkeme ve Yasama Konseyi'ni barındırıyordu.</figcaption></figure> <p>Çin ulusal kanunu bölgede genel olarak geçerli değildir ve Hong Kong ayrı bir yargı alanı olarak kabul edilir.<sup id="cite_ref-Gittings150_99-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gittings150-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Yargı sistemi, İngiliz yönetimi sırasında kurulan hukuk geleneğini sürdüren <a href="/wiki/Ortak_hukuk" title="Ortak hukuk">ortak hukuk</a>'a dayanır.<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Yerel mahkemeler, <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0ngiliz_hukuku" title="İngiliz hukuku">İngiliz hukuku</a> ve denizaşırı içtihatlarda belirlenen emsallere atıfta bulunabilir.<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ancak, anakara ceza muhakemesi kanunu, HKSAR'daki CPG'nin Ulusal Güvenliğini Koruma Dairesi tarafından soruşturulan davalar için geçerlidir.<sup id="cite_ref-NPC_Observer_113-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NPC_Observer-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Temel Kanun üzerindeki yorumlama ve değiştirme yetkisi ve devlet eylemleri üzerindeki yargı yetkisi merkezi otoriteye aittir ve bölge mahkemelerini nihai olarak anakaranın <a href="/wiki/Sosyalist_hukuk" title="Sosyalist hukuk">sosyalist</a> <a href="/wiki/Kara_Avrupas%C4%B1_hukuk_d%C3%BCzeni" title="Kara Avrupası hukuk düzeni">medeni hukuk</a> sistemine tabi kılar.<sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Ulusal_Halk_Kongresi_Daimi_Komitesi" title="Ulusal Halk Kongresi Daimi Komitesi">Ulusal Halk Kongresi Daimi Komitesi</a> tarafından verilen kararlar, her türlü bölgesel adli süreci geçersiz kılar.<sup id="cite_ref-HCAL185/2016_115-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HCAL185/2016-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ayrıca, Daimi Komite'nin Hong Kong'da olağanüstü hal ilan ettiği durumlarda, Danıştay bölgede ulusal hukuku uygulayabilir.<sup id="cite_ref-BasicLawA18_116-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BasicLawA18-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="İdari_yapılanma"><span id=".C4.B0dari_yap.C4.B1lanma"></span>İdari yapılanma</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: İdari yapılanma" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=7" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: İdari yapılanma"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Ayrıca bakınız: <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong%27un_semtleri" title="Hong Kong'un semtleri">Hong Kong'un semtleri</a></div> <p>Hong Kong, idari seviyede 18 farklı semte ayrılır, her semt de bir <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong_semt_konseyleri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong semt konseyleri (sayfa mevcut değil)">semt konseyi</a> tarafından temsil edilir. Bu konseyler, hükûmete kamu tesislerinin temini, topluluk programı bakımı, kültürel tanıtım ve çevre politikası gibi yerel konular hakkında tavsiyelerde bulunur. Toplam 479 semt konsey üyeliği var; bunların 452'si yerel seçim kapsamında doğrudan seçilir.<sup id="cite_ref-district_117-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-district-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kamu tarafından seçilmeyen diğer 27 üyelik, Hong Kong'un kenar köyleri ve kasabalarını temsil eden <a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C4%B1rsal_komite&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kırsal komite (sayfa mevcut değil)">kırsal komite</a> başkanlarıdır.<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="thumb"> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width:602px;"><figure class="mw-image-border noresize" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="The main territory of Hong Kong consists of a peninsula bordered to the north by Guangdong province, an island to the south east of the peninsula, and a smaller island to the south. 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title="Tuen Mun" /><area href="/wiki/Tuen_Mun" shape="poly" coords="111,175,113,178,114,184,115,182,115,179,115,177" alt="Tuen Mun" title="Tuen Mun" /><area href="/wiki/Tuen_Mun" shape="poly" coords="184,219,184,223,188,221" alt="Tuen Mun" title="Tuen Mun" /><area href="/wiki/Tuen_Mun" shape="poly" coords="198,214,198,218,200,217,200,213" alt="Tuen Mun" title="Tuen Mun" /><area href="/wiki/Yuen_Long" shape="poly" coords="288,45,282,49,277,47,267,51,265,58,263,61,257,61,250,60,244,65,241,68,240,76,244,79,242,81,242,86,244,86,240,90,240,85,238,82,234,82,227,87,216,88,210,97,210,97,215,86,222,86,224,82,226,73,214,72,209,82,199,93,195,102,184,107,177,108,175,116,169,120,169,124,162,131,163,138,168,133,170,126,190,125,190,127,203,128,212,126,210,131,212,135,220,136,221,142,225,142,225,151,257,151,257,148,266,148,266,152,264,152,264,158,270,158,271,164,277,162,277,159,281,159,288,154,292,156,300,150,304,149,305,151,310,150,310,149,314,146,318,147,320,143,320,138,317,132,313,130,313,124,309,117,323,96,318,96,316,93,314,93,312,91,307,93,303,92,300,94,290,96,290,79,292,76,293,70,291,65,292,63,291,60,290,59,291,54,293,53,292,50,292,44,291,43,288,46" alt="Yuen Long" title="Yuen Long" /><area href="/wiki/Kowloon_City" shape="poly" coords="374,250,373,247,372,246,372,245,369,240,366,237,363,228,366,222,367,216,365,211,363,210,364,208,364,207,365,205,368,205,369,207,369,208,372,210,371,213,373,214,373,217,374,218,375,220,378,219,381,221,388,218,390,218,390,225,387,227,394,235,392,236,401,245,399,247,384,232,379,237,379,242,380,243,379,248" alt="Kowloon City" title="Kowloon City" /><area href="/wiki/Kwun_Tong" shape="poly" coords="393,219,396,219,398,221,409,219,412,225,414,229,420,232,422,232,420,236,424,237,423,240,420,243,423,248,424,253,422,253,421,259,421,262,418,261,420,259,418,258,417,259,414,255,417,253,415,252,412,252,407,245,405,244,398,236,395,236,395,235,389,228,391,226,391,219" alt="Kwun Tong" title="Kwun Tong" /><area href="/wiki/Sham_Shui_Po" shape="poly" coords="328,234,328,232,327,230,329,229,336,224,336,219,331,217,332,216,330,214,328,214,328,213,330,213,332,212,335,213,337,213,340,213,343,211,341,209,344,208,344,207,347,207,350,208,354,206,357,208,362,208,361,210,364,212,365,218,364,224,352,223,352,226,350,228,346,225,345,227,338,223,337,225,336,224,335,225,336,226,337,229,339,229,340,230,336,235,334,233" alt="Sham Shui Po" title="Sham Shui Po" /><area href="/wiki/Wong_Tai_Sin" shape="poly" coords="406,218,403,201,403,195,398,196,398,199,385,199,384,202,382,202,380,201,379,201,379,204,374,205,373,204,369,205,373,209,373,213,375,214,376,219,378,217,381,220,388,216,392,217,396,216,399,219" alt="Wong Tai Sin" title="Wong Tai Sin" /><area href="/wiki/Yau_Tsim_Mong" shape="poly" coords="346,228,346,227,349,231,353,228,355,228,354,225,363,225,362,228,365,237,370,246,370,248,372,249,372,250,370,250,365,254,363,256,361,256,358,254,358,246,357,244,353,246,354,249,349,250,348,248,351,246" alt="Yau Tsim Mong" title="Yau Tsim Mong" /><area href="/wiki/Merkez_ve_Bat%C4%B1_(Hong_Kong)" shape="poly" coords="358,270,358,273,357,276,357,283,355,288,351,288,347,286,345,287,344,290,340,292,340,289,339,288,332,275,326,273,320,275,316,274,316,269,322,266,328,262,336,259,345,262,348,261,353,262,352,265" alt="Merkez ve Batı" title="Merkez ve Batı" /><area href="/wiki/Do%C4%9Fu_Semti_(Hong_Kong)" shape="poly" coords="374,265,375,268,380,266,384,274,386,273,387,271,392,276,389,280,385,283,385,289,389,288,391,288,398,286,400,288,411,290,413,292,417,290,426,293,429,298,432,298,432,295,433,290,433,287,434,285,428,280,424,280,422,277,423,276,415,266,413,266,409,266,403,261,389,257,380,260" alt="Doğu" title="Doğu" /><area href="/wiki/G%C3%BCney_Semti_(Hong_Kong)" shape="poly" coords="318,277,331,298,351,300,350,301,348,303,344,301,339,302,350,312,353,316,353,314,351,312,352,308,352,306,350,304,350,301,350,300,355,301,357,306,355,308,358,311,358,313,363,316,363,310,367,305,367,301,376,303,375,307,378,310,377,311,371,310,372,313,377,313,378,309,381,309,384,310,385,315,383,317,384,320,382,322,386,324,387,327,384,330,384,334,391,330,391,329,395,326,399,332,397,334,396,347,397,348,405,346,405,343,403,334,405,330,399,326,399,322,403,316,406,313,411,315,411,309,406,306,405,301,406,300,409,304,415,306,417,320,417,323,421,326,424,331,422,334,427,336,432,336,438,336,435,334,433,333,433,324,429,317,436,316,438,315,430,315,432,311,430,305,426,300,427,299,426,294,418,291,415,294,412,294,410,291,405,291,399,289,398,288,393,289,390,289,379,291,375,293,367,291,366,293,355,289,350,289,346,288,345,291,340,294,338,292,338,289,337,288,336,286,330,276,326,275" alt="Güney" title="Güney" /><area href="/wiki/G%C3%BCney_Semti_(Hong_Kong)" shape="poly" coords="372,327,373,330,376,329" alt="Güney" title="Güney" /><area href="/wiki/Wan_Chai" shape="poly" coords="356,287,365,291,368,289,374,291,384,288,384,282,391,276,387,273,387,274,385,275,379,268,375,270,374,267,371,267,371,265,370,267,364,267,364,264,364,264,362,264,361,267,359,270,360,274,357,276,358,283" alt="Wan Chai" title="Wan Chai" /></map><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </div></div> </div> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Coğrafya"><span id="Co.C4.9Frafya"></span>Coğrafya</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Coğrafya" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=8" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Coğrafya"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Hong_Kong,_China.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Hong_Kong%2C_China.jpg/220px-Hong_Kong%2C_China.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Hong_Kong%2C_China.jpg/330px-Hong_Kong%2C_China.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Hong_Kong%2C_China.jpg/440px-Hong_Kong%2C_China.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1280" /></a><figcaption>Kentlik ve yeşillik alanları gösteren uydu görüntüsü</figcaption></figure> <p>Hong Kong; Çin'in güney kıyısında, <a href="/wiki/Makao" title="Makao">Makao</a>'nun doğusundan 60 km mesafede, <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0nci_Nehri_Deltas%C4%B1" title="İnci Nehri Deltası">İnci Nehri Deltası</a>'nın doğu ağzında yer almaktadır. Hong Kong, kuzeyi haricinde neredeyse her yönden <a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCney_%C3%87in_Denizi" title="Güney Çin Denizi">Güney Çin Denizi</a> tarafından çevrelenir. Kuzeyinde ise, Çin anakarası ile Hong Kong arasındaki doğal sınırı oluşturan <a href="/wiki/Sham_Chun_Nehri" title="Sham Chun Nehri">Sham Chun Nehri</a> var; nehrin öteki tarafında <a href="/wiki/Guangdong" title="Guangdong">Guangdong</a> eyaletine bağlı <a href="/wiki/Shenzhen" title="Shenzhen">Shenzhen</a> şehri yer almaktadır. Hong Kong'un 2.755 km<sup>2</sup>'lik alanı <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Adas%C4%B1" title="Hong Kong Adası">Hong Kong Adası</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kowloon_Yar%C4%B1madas%C4%B1" title="Kowloon Yarımadası">Kowloon Yarımadası</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yeni_B%C3%B6lgeler" title="Yeni Bölgeler">Yeni Bölgeler</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lantau_Adas%C4%B1" title="Lantau Adası">Lantau Adası</a> ve 200'den fazla diğer adadan oluşur. Bölgenin en yüksek noktası, deniz seviyesi üzerinde 957 metredeki <a href="/wiki/Tai_Mo_Shan" title="Tai Mo Shan">Tai Mo Shan</a>'dir.<sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kowloon Yarımadası, Hong Kong Adası ve Yeni Bölgeler'deki "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong%27daki_yeni_kasabalar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong'daki yeni kasabalar (sayfa mevcut değil)">yeni kasabalar</a>" (<i>new towns</i> / 新市鎮), Hong Kong'daki kentselleşmenin yer almış olduğu başlıca alanlardır.<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Geliştirilebilen düz arazilerin azlığından ötürü, bu alanların çoğu <a href="/wiki/Toprak_%C4%B1slah%C4%B1" title="Toprak ıslahı">ıslah edilmiş toprakların</a> üzerinde inşa edilmiştir; bu alanların 70 km<sup>2</sup>'si (toplam alanın %6'sı ya da geliştirilmiş alanların %25'i) denizden ıslah edilmiştir.<sup id="cite_ref-reclamation_121-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-reclamation-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Geliştirilmemiş alanlar çoğunlukla tepeler ve dağlardan oluşur ve çok az düz arazi vardır; çoğunlukla otlak, ormanlık alan, çalılık alan veya tarım alanlarından oluşur.<sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Geriye kalan arazi alanının yaklaşık yüzde 40'ı millî park ve doğa rezervleridir.<sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bölgenin çeşitliliği olan bir ekosistemi vardır. Bölgede 3.000'den fazla <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vask%C3%BCler_bitki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vasküler bitki (sayfa mevcut değil)">vasküler bitki</a> türü (bunların 300'ü Hong Kong'a özgü) ve binlerce böcek, kuş ve deniz türü görülmektedir.<sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="İklim"><span id=".C4.B0klim"></span>İklim</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: İklim" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=9" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: İklim"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCney_%C3%87in" title="Güney Çin">Güney Çin</a>'in diğer yerlerinde olduğu gibi, Hong Kong'da da <a href="/wiki/Il%C4%B1man_d%C3%B6nencealt%C4%B1_iklimi" title="Ilıman dönencealtı iklimi">ılıman dönencealtı iklimi</a> (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_iklim_s%C4%B1n%C4%B1fland%C4%B1rmas%C4%B1" title="Köppen iklim sınıflandırması">Köppen</a> <i>Cwa</i>) hakimdir. Yazlar sıcak ve nemli; aralıklı sağanak yağışlar ve gök gürültülü fırtanalar olur ve güneybatı yönden ılık havalar gelir. <a href="/wiki/Tayfun" title="Tayfun">Tayfunlar</a> en çok yaz mevsiminde yer alır; bunlar da bazen seller ya da heyelanlarla sonuçlanır. Kışlar ılıman ve genellikle güneşli havalarla başlar, Şubat ayına gelince de bulutlu olur; ara sıra kuzeyden <a href="/wiki/So%C4%9Fuk_hava_k%C3%BCtlesi" title="Soğuk hava kütlesi">soğuk hava kütlesinden</a> kaynaklanan kuvvetli, serin rüzgârlar eser. En ılıman mevsimler, havası değişiklik geçirmeye eğilimli ilkbahar mevsimi ve genellikle güneşli ve kuru havası olan sonbahar mevsimidir.<sup id="cite_ref-HKClimate_127-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HKClimate-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kar yağışı çok nadirdir; kar yağdığında da çoğunlukla yüksek rakımlarda rastlanır. Hong Kong, senede ortalama olarak 1.709 saat güneş ışığı görür;<sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong_G%C3%B6zlemevi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong Gözlemevi (sayfa mevcut değil)">Hong Kong Gözlemevi</a>'nde kaydedilmiş en yüksek ve en düşük sıcaklık dereceleri 36,6 °C (22 Ağustos 2017) ve 0,0 °C (18 Ocak 1893).<sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tüm Hong Kong çapında kaydedilmiş en yüksek ve en düşük sıcaklık dereceleri 39,0 °C (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong_Sulak_Park%C4%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong Sulak Parkı (sayfa mevcut değil)">Sulak Parkı</a>, 22 Ağustos 2017)<sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ve −6,0 °C (<a href="/wiki/Tai_Mo_Shan" title="Tai Mo Shan">Tai Mo Shan</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ocak_2016_Do%C4%9Fu_Asya_so%C4%9Fuk_hava_dalgas%C4%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ocak 2016 Doğu Asya soğuk hava dalgası (sayfa mevcut değil)">24 Ocak 2016</a>). </p><p><br /> </p> <table class="wikitable collapsible" style="font-size:90%;margin:auto;height:16"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14" style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Nuvola_apps_kweather.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Nuvola_apps_kweather.svg/15px-Nuvola_apps_kweather.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Nuvola_apps_kweather.svg/23px-Nuvola_apps_kweather.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Nuvola_apps_kweather.svg/30px-Nuvola_apps_kweather.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="419" data-file-height="419" /></a></span> <b>Hong Kong iklimi</b> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Weather-rain-thunderstorm.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Weather-rain-thunderstorm.svg/15px-Weather-rain-thunderstorm.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Weather-rain-thunderstorm.svg/23px-Weather-rain-thunderstorm.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Weather-rain-thunderstorm.svg/30px-Weather-rain-thunderstorm.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="49" /></a></span> </th></tr> <tr style="font-size:90%;"> <th width="190px">Aylar </th> <th width="30px;" abbr="Ocak">Oca </th> <th width="30px;" abbr="Şubat">Şub </th> <th width="30px;" abbr="Mart">Mar </th> <th width="30px;" abbr="Nisan">Nis </th> <th width="30px;" abbr="Mayıs">May </th> <th width="30px;" abbr="Haziran">Haz </th> <th width="30px;" abbr="Temmuz">Tem </th> <th width="30px;" abbr="Ağustos">Ağu </th> <th width="30px;" abbr="Eylül">Eyl </th> <th width="30px;" abbr="Ekim">Eki </th> <th width="30px;" abbr="Kasım">Kas </th> <th width="30px;" abbr="Aralık">Ara </th> <th style="border-left-width:medium">Yıl </th></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left; font-size:90%">En yüksek sıcaklık (°C) </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FFB000; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">26,9 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FFB000; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">28,3 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FFA000; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">30,1 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FF9000; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">33,4 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FF8000; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">35,5 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FF8000; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">35,6 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FF8000; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">35,7 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FF8000; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">36,6 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FF8000; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">35,2 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FF9000; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">34,3 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FF9000; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">31,8 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FFA000; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">28,7 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FF8000; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal; border-left-width:medium">36,6 </th></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left; font-size:90%">Ortalama en yüksek sıcaklık (°C) </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FFC000; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">23,7 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FFC000; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">24,5 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FFB000; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">27,1 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FFA000; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">29,8 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FF9000; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">31,8 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FF9000; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">33,1 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FF9000; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">33,8 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FF9000; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">33,8 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FF9000; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">33,8 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FFA000; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">30,8 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FFB000; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">28,0 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FFC000; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">25,1 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FF9000; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal; border-left-width:medium;">34,3 </th></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left; font-size:90%">Ortalama sıcaklık (°C) </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FFF060; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">16,3 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FFE040; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">16,8 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FFE040; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">19,1 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FFC000; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">22,6 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FFB000; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">25,9 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FFB000; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">27,9 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FFA000; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">28,8 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FFA000; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">28,6 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FFB000; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">27,7 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FFB000; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">25,5 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FFD020; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">21,8 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FFE040; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">17,9 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FFC000; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal; border-left-width:medium;">23,2 </th></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left; font-size:90%">Ortalama en düşük sıcaklık (°C) </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #E0FF80; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">9,1 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #E0FF80; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">9,9 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FFFF80; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">11,5 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FFF060; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">15,9 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FFD020; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">20,5 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FFC000; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">23,2 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FFC000; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">23,9 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FFC000; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">24,2 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FFC000; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">23,2 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FFD020; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">19,6 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FFF060; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">14,4 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #E0FF80; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">10,0 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #E0FF80; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal; border-left-width:medium;">7,7 </th></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left; font-size:90%">En düşük sıcaklık (°C) </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #80FF80; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">0,0 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #A0FF80; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">2,4 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #C0FF80; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">4,8 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #E0FF80; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">9,9 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FFF060; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">15,4 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FFE040; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">19,2 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FFD020; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">21,7 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FFD020; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">21,6 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FFE040; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">18,4 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #FFF060; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">13,5 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #C0FF80; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">6,5 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #A0FF80; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">4,3 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #80FF80; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal; border-left-width:medium;">0,0 </th></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left; font-size:90%">Ortalama yağış (mm) </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #D0FFFF; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">24,7 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #A0E0FF; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">54,4 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #70B0FF; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">82,2 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #0030F0; color:#FFFFFF; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">174,4 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #0020E0; color:#FFFFFF; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">304,7 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #0020E0; color:#FFFFFF; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">456,1 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #0020E0; color:#FFFFFF; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">376,5 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #0020E0; color:#FFFFFF; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">432,2 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #0020E0; color:#FFFFFF; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">327,6 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #5090FF; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">100,9 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #C0FFFF; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">37,6 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #D0FFFF; color:#000000; font-size:85%;font-weight:normal;">26,8 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background: #000064; color:#FFFFFF; font-size:85%; font-weight:normal; border-left-width:medium;">2.398,4 </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%; background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000"><i>Kaynak: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong_G%C3%B6zlemevi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong Gözlemevi (sayfa mevcut değil)">Hong Kong Gözlemevi</a><sup id="cite_ref-met_norms_131-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-met_norms-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-extremeshko_132-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-extremeshko-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></i> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mimarlık"><span id="Mimarl.C4.B1k"></span>Mimarlık</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Mimarlık" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=10" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Mimarlık"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Montane_Mansion_Quarry_Bay.B.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Üç tarafı bitişik yüksek apartman blokları" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Montane_Mansion_Quarry_Bay.B.JPG/220px-Montane_Mansion_Quarry_Bay.B.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Montane_Mansion_Quarry_Bay.B.JPG/330px-Montane_Mansion_Quarry_Bay.B.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Montane_Mansion_Quarry_Bay.B.JPG/440px-Montane_Mansion_Quarry_Bay.B.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quarry_Bay&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Quarry Bay (sayfa mevcut değil)">Quarry Bay</a>'de bir konut binası</figcaption></figure> <p>Hong Kong, 150 m'den daha uzun 482 gökdeleniyle<sup id="cite_ref-SkyscraperCenter_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SkyscraperCenter-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ve dünyadaki en yüksek üçüncü yüksek bina sayısıyla dünyanın en fazla sayıda gökdelenine sahiptir.<sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mayıs 2020 itibarıyla yüksekliği 150 metreyi aşan 355 tane tamamlanmış ve bir tane inşası hala süren bina vardı.<sup id="cite_ref-SkyscraperCenter_30-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SkyscraperCenter-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hong Kong'daki mevcut arazinin azlığı nedeniyle kentin kentsel gelişimi, çok sayıda yüksek yoğunluklu apartman binasıyla ticaret kompleksinin birbirine yakın ve tıka basa dolu şekilde dikilmesine sınırlı kaldı.<sup id="cite_ref-134" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tek_ailelik_m%C3%BCstakil_ev&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tek ailelik müstakil ev (sayfa mevcut değil)">Tek ailelik müstakil evlere</a> çok nadir rastlanır, bunlar da genellikle sadece banliyölerdedir.<sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Ticaret_Merkezi" title="Uluslararası Ticaret Merkezi">Uluslararası Ticaret Merkezi</a> ile <a href="/wiki/International_Finance_Centre" title="International Finance Centre">International Finance Centre</a>, Hong Kong'daki <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong%27daki_en_y%C3%BCksek_binalar_listesi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong'daki en yüksek binalar listesi (sayfa mevcut değil)">en yüksek iki binadır</a>. Bunlar ayrıca Asya-Pasifik bölgesinin en yüksek binaları arasındadır.<sup id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/HSBC_Merkez_Binas%C4%B1_(Hong_Kong)" title="HSBC Merkez Binası (Hong Kong)">HSBC Merkez Binası</a>, üstüne bir <a href="/wiki/Anemometre" title="Anemometre">anemometrenin</a> dikildiği <a href="/wiki/Central_Plaza" title="Central Plaza">Central Plaza</a>, yuvarlak <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hopewell_Centre&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hopewell Centre (sayfa mevcut değil)">Hopewell Centre</a> ve keskin uçlu <a href="/wiki/Bank_of_China_Kulesi" title="Bank of China Kulesi">Bank of China Kulesi</a>, Hong Kong ada manzarasını şekillendiren diğer karakteristik binalardır.<sup id="cite_ref-FengShui_137-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FengShui-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-138" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Yeni inşaat talebi, eski binaların sık sık yıkılmasına katkıda bulunarak modern yüksek yapılar için yer açtı.<sup id="cite_ref-139" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-139"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Buna rağmen, Hong Kong çapında Avrupa ve <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingnan_mimarisi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingnan mimarisi (sayfa mevcut değil)">Lingnan mimarisinin</a> birçok örneğini bulmak yine mümkündür. Eski hükûmet binaları koloni mimarisinin örnekleridir. İnşası 1846 yılında tamamlanmış ve eskiden Britanya komutan subayının konutu olan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Flagstaff_House&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flagstaff House (sayfa mevcut değil)">Flagstaff House</a>, Hong Kong'daki en eski Batı tarzı binadır.<sup id="cite_ref-140" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-140"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bazı binalar (ör. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nihai_Temyiz_Mahkeme_Binas%C4%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nihai Temyiz Mahkeme Binası (sayfa mevcut değil)">Nihai Temyiz Mahkeme Binası</a> ve <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong_G%C3%B6zlemevi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong Gözlemevi (sayfa mevcut değil)">Hong Kong Gözlemevi</a>), özgün işlevlerini üstlemeye devam etmektedir, diğer binalar ise yeni işlevlere uyarlanmıştır: ör. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eski_Deniz_Polisi_Merkezi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eski Deniz Polisi Merkezi (sayfa mevcut değil)">Eski Deniz Polisi Merkezi</a>, ticari ve perakende kompleksi olarak değiştirildi,<sup id="cite_ref-TourismFacts_141-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TourismFacts-141"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ve özgün olarak <a href="/wiki/Sanatoryum" title="Sanatoryum">sanatoryum</a> olarak dikilmiş <a href="/w/index.php?title=B%C3%A9thanie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Béthanie (sayfa mevcut değil)">Béthanie</a> binasında artık günümüzde <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong_G%C3%B6steri_Sanatlar%C4%B1_Akademisi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong Gösteri Sanatları Akademisi (sayfa mevcut değil)">Hong Kong Gösteri Sanatları Akademisi</a>'ne ev sahipliği yapılmaktadır.<sup id="cite_ref-142" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-142"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Deniz tanrıçası <a href="/wiki/Mazu" class="mw-redirect" title="Mazu">Mazu</a>'ya adanmış <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tin_Hau_Tap%C4%B1na%C4%9F%C4%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tin Hau Tapınağı (sayfa mevcut değil)">Tin Hau Tapınağı</a> ilk olarak 1012 yılında, sonra 1266 yılında yeniden inşa edildi ve Hong Kong topraklarındaki varolan en eski yapıdır.<sup id="cite_ref-143" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ping_Shan_K%C3%BClt%C3%BCrel_Miras_Yolu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ping Shan Kültürel Miras Yolu (sayfa mevcut değil)">Ping Shan Kültürel Miras Yolu</a> boyunca birçok farklı Çin hanedanlık dönemine ait mimari eser örneklerine rastlanır. Bunların arasında, Hong Kong'un tek kalan <a href="/wiki/Pagoda" title="Pagoda">pagodası</a> olan <a href="/wiki/Tsui_Sing_Lau_Pagodas%C4%B1" title="Tsui Sing Lau Pagodası">Tsui Sing Lau Pagodası</a> da vardır.<sup id="cite_ref-144" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-144"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>140<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Koloni dönemi boyunca inşa edilmiş karma kullanımlı <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tong_lau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tong lau (sayfa mevcut değil)">tong lau</a></i> binaları, güney Çin mimari tarzlarını Avrupa etkileriyle birleştirir. Bunlar özellikle savaş sonrası döneminin hemen sonrasında, Çinli göçmen dalgalarına ikamet sağlamak için hızlı şekilde dikilmiştir.<sup id="cite_ref-145" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-145"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>141<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mong_Kok&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mong Kok (sayfa mevcut değil)">Mong Kok</a>'taki <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lui_Seng_Chun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lui Seng Chun (sayfa mevcut değil)">Lui Seng Chun</a> binası, Shanghai Street'teki <a href="/w/index.php?title=600-626_Shanghai_Street&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="600-626 Shanghai Street (sayfa mevcut değil)">600-626 nolu binalar</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Wan_Chai" title="Wan Chai">Wan Chai</a>'daki <a href="/w/index.php?title=Blue_House&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Blue House (sayfa mevcut değil)">Blue House</a>, tong lau'nın bazı örnekleridir. 1960'lardan beri inşa edilmiş toplu konut siteleri çoğunlukla <a href="/wiki/Modern_mimarl%C4%B1k" title="Modern mimarlık">modernist tarzda</a> yapılır.<sup id="cite_ref-146" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-146"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>142<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 245px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 240px; height: 240px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Album_of_Hongkong_Canton_Macao_Amoy_Foochow_010.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tai Ping Shan Street'te tong lau binaları (1870 civarı): ön plandaki Çin tarzı binalar arka plandaki Avrupa binalarından farklıdır."><img alt="Tai Ping Shan Street'te tong lau binaları (1870 civarı): ön plandaki Çin tarzı binalar arka plandaki Avrupa binalarından farklıdır." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Album_of_Hongkong_Canton_Macao_Amoy_Foochow_010.jpg/210px-Album_of_Hongkong_Canton_Macao_Amoy_Foochow_010.jpg" decoding="async" width="210" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Album_of_Hongkong_Canton_Macao_Amoy_Foochow_010.jpg/315px-Album_of_Hongkong_Canton_Macao_Amoy_Foochow_010.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Album_of_Hongkong_Canton_Macao_Amoy_Foochow_010.jpg/420px-Album_of_Hongkong_Canton_Macao_Amoy_Foochow_010.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1243" data-file-height="891" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tai_Ping_Shan_Street&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tai Ping Shan Street (sayfa mevcut değil)">Tai Ping Shan Street</a>'te <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tong_lau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tong lau (sayfa mevcut değil)">tong lau</a></i> binaları (1870 civarı): ön plandaki Çin tarzı binalar arka plandaki Avrupa binalarından farklıdır.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 245px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 240px; height: 240px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:HK_ShanghaiStreet_CantoneseVerandahTypePrewarShophouses.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Shanghai Street'te tong lau binaları (2008)"><img alt="Shanghai Street'te tong lau binaları (2008)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/HK_ShanghaiStreet_CantoneseVerandahTypePrewarShophouses.JPG/210px-HK_ShanghaiStreet_CantoneseVerandahTypePrewarShophouses.JPG" decoding="async" width="210" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/HK_ShanghaiStreet_CantoneseVerandahTypePrewarShophouses.JPG/315px-HK_ShanghaiStreet_CantoneseVerandahTypePrewarShophouses.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/HK_ShanghaiStreet_CantoneseVerandahTypePrewarShophouses.JPG/420px-HK_ShanghaiStreet_CantoneseVerandahTypePrewarShophouses.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shanghai_Street&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shanghai Street (sayfa mevcut değil)">Shanghai Street</a>'te <i>tong lau</i> binaları (2008)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 245px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 240px; height: 240px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Yick_Cheong_Building_and_Yick_Fat_Building_and_Kornville_Towers_Quarry_Bay.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Quarry Bay'deki bir konutun binası (2015)"><img alt="Quarry Bay'deki bir konutun binası (2015)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Yick_Cheong_Building_and_Yick_Fat_Building_and_Kornville_Towers_Quarry_Bay.JPG/210px-Yick_Cheong_Building_and_Yick_Fat_Building_and_Kornville_Towers_Quarry_Bay.JPG" decoding="async" width="210" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Yick_Cheong_Building_and_Yick_Fat_Building_and_Kornville_Towers_Quarry_Bay.JPG/315px-Yick_Cheong_Building_and_Yick_Fat_Building_and_Kornville_Towers_Quarry_Bay.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Yick_Cheong_Building_and_Yick_Fat_Building_and_Kornville_Towers_Quarry_Bay.JPG/420px-Yick_Cheong_Building_and_Yick_Fat_Building_and_Kornville_Towers_Quarry_Bay.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3904" data-file-height="2870" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Quarry Bay'deki bir konutun binası (2015)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 245px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 240px; height: 240px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Hong_Kong_Harbour_Night_2019-06-11.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Victoria Zirvesi'nden çekilmiş gece manzarası (Haziran 2019)"><img alt="Victoria Zirvesi'nden çekilmiş gece manzarası (Haziran 2019)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Hong_Kong_Harbour_Night_2019-06-11.jpg/210px-Hong_Kong_Harbour_Night_2019-06-11.jpg" decoding="async" width="210" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Hong_Kong_Harbour_Night_2019-06-11.jpg/315px-Hong_Kong_Harbour_Night_2019-06-11.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Hong_Kong_Harbour_Night_2019-06-11.jpg/420px-Hong_Kong_Harbour_Night_2019-06-11.jpg 2x" data-file-width="10439" data-file-height="4936" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Zirvesi" title="Victoria Zirvesi">Victoria Zirvesi</a>'nden çekilmiş gece manzarası (Haziran 2019)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right:auto; width:100%; max-width:1208px;"> <div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="overflow:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Hong_Kong_at_night.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Victoria Limanı sahilinden Hong Kong Adası manzarası"><img alt="Sularda yansıyan bina ışıklarıyla gece manzarası" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Hong_Kong_at_night.jpg/1200px-Hong_Kong_at_night.jpg" decoding="async" width="1200" height="254" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Hong_Kong_at_night.jpg/1800px-Hong_Kong_at_night.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Hong_Kong_at_night.jpg/2400px-Hong_Kong_at_night.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4481" data-file-height="948" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Hong_Kong_at_night.jpg" title="Büyüt"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/Magnify-clip.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="11" /></a></span></div><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Liman%C4%B1" title="Victoria Limanı">Victoria Limanı</a> sahilinden Hong Kong Adası manzarası</div> </div></div> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right:auto; width:100%; max-width:1608px;"> <div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="overflow:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Kowloon_Panorama_by_Ryan_Cheng_2010.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kowloon, Hong Kong Adası ve Hong Kong manzarası"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Kowloon_Panorama_by_Ryan_Cheng_2010.jpg/1600px-Kowloon_Panorama_by_Ryan_Cheng_2010.jpg" decoding="async" width="1600" height="226" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Kowloon_Panorama_by_Ryan_Cheng_2010.jpg/2400px-Kowloon_Panorama_by_Ryan_Cheng_2010.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Kowloon_Panorama_by_Ryan_Cheng_2010.jpg/3200px-Kowloon_Panorama_by_Ryan_Cheng_2010.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5562" data-file-height="785" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Kowloon_Panorama_by_Ryan_Cheng_2010.jpg" title="Büyüt"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/Magnify-clip.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="11" /></a></span></div>Kowloon, Hong Kong Adası ve Hong Kong manzarası</div> </div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demografi">Demografi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Demografi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=11" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Demografi"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Bev%C3%B6lkerungspyramide_Hongkong_2016.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Nüfus grafiği" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Bev%C3%B6lkerungspyramide_Hongkong_2016.png/220px-Bev%C3%B6lkerungspyramide_Hongkong_2016.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Bev%C3%B6lkerungspyramide_Hongkong_2016.png/330px-Bev%C3%B6lkerungspyramide_Hongkong_2016.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Bev%C3%B6lkerungspyramide_Hongkong_2016.png/440px-Bev%C3%B6lkerungspyramide_Hongkong_2016.png 2x" data-file-width="610" data-file-height="425" /></a><figcaption>2016 <a href="/wiki/Ya%C5%9F_piramidi" title="Yaş piramidi">yaş-cinsiyet piramidi</a></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Say%C4%B1m_ve_%C4%B0statistik_B%C3%B6l%C3%BCm%C3%BC_(Hong_Kong)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sayım ve İstatistik Bölümü (Hong Kong) (sayfa mevcut değil)">Sayım ve İstatistik Bölümü</a> tahminlerince 2019 yılı ortası itibarıyla Hong Kong'ın nüfusu 7.482.500'dür.<sup id="cite_ref-nüfus_147-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nüfus-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nüfusun çoğunu (%92) <a href="/wiki/Han_%C3%87inlileri" class="mw-redirect" title="Han Çinlileri">Han Çinlileri</a> teşkil eder;<sup id="cite_ref-demografi_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-demografi-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> bunların çoğu da <a href="/w/index.php?title=Taishanl%C4%B1lar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Taishanlılar (sayfa mevcut değil)">Taishanlılar</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Teochewlar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teochewlar (sayfa mevcut değil)">Teochewlar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hakkalar" title="Hakkalar">Hakkalar</a> ve diğer <a href="/wiki/Kantonlular" title="Kantonlular">Kanton halklarıdır</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-148" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-148"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>144<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-149" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-149"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-150" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-150"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>146<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nüfusun %8'ini ise başta <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong%27daki_Filipinliler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong'daki Filipinliler (sayfa mevcut değil)">Filipinliler</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong%27daki_Endonezyal%C4%B1lar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong'daki Endonezyalılar (sayfa mevcut değil)">Endonezyalılar</a> ve <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong%27daki_G%C3%BCney_Asyal%C4%B1lar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong'daki Güney Asyalılar (sayfa mevcut değil)">Güney Asyalılar</a> olmak üzere etnik Çinli olmayan azınlıklar oluşturur.<sup id="cite_ref-demografi_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-demografi-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-151" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-151"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>147<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Britanya sömürge döneminin bir mirası olarak nüfusun yaklaşık yarısı <a href="/w/index.php?title=Britanya_uyrukluk_kanunu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Britanya uyrukluk kanunu (sayfa mevcut değil)">Britanya uyrukludur.</a> 3,4 milyon sakin "<a href="/w/index.php?title=British_National_(Overseas)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="British National (Overseas) (sayfa mevcut değil)">British National (Overseas)</a>" statüsüne sahiptir, 260.000 Britanya vatandaşı da Hong Kong'da oturmaktadır.<sup id="cite_ref-152" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-152"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>148<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bu insanların çoğu <a href="/wiki/%C3%87in_uyruklu%C4%9Fu" class="mw-disambig" title="Çin uyrukluğu">Çin uyruklu</a>‘dur, zira Hong Kong üzerindeki egemenlik Çin'e devredildikten sonra, tüm etnik Çinli Hong Kong sakinlerine otomatik olarak Çin uyrukluğu verildi.<sup id="cite_ref-153" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-153"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>149<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/N%C3%BCfus_yo%C4%9Funlu%C4%9Fu" title="Nüfus yoğunluğu">Nüfus yoğunluğu</a> bakımından Hong Kong'da km<sup>2</sup> başına 7.096 kişi vardır; böylece dünyada <a href="/wiki/N%C3%BCfus_yo%C4%9Funluklar%C4%B1na_g%C3%B6re_%C3%BClkeler_listesi" title="Nüfus yoğunluklarına göre ülkeler listesi">nüfusun en yoğun olduğu topraklardan</a> biridir.<sup id="cite_ref-154" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-154"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>150<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hong Kong'daki en çok konuşulan dil, <a href="/wiki/Guangdong" title="Guangdong">Guangdong</a> bölgesinden kaynaklanan <a href="/wiki/%C3%87in_dilleri" title="Çin dilleri">Çin dili</a> olan <a href="/wiki/Kantonca" title="Kantonca">Kantoncadır</a>. Nüfusun %94,6'sı tarafından kantonca konuşulur; bunların %88,9'u Kantoncayı anadili, %5,7'si ise ikinci dili olarak konuşur.<sup id="cite_ref-2016By-CensusLanguages_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2016By-CensusLanguages-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nüfusun yarısından fazlası, Hong Kong'un diğer resmî dili olan İngilizce konuşur<sup id="cite_ref-OfficialLanguagesOrd_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OfficialLanguagesOrd-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> %4,3'ü İngilizceyi anadil, %48,9'u ise ikinci dil olarak konuşur.<sup id="cite_ref-2016By-CensusLanguages_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2016By-CensusLanguages-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Code-switching&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Code-switching (sayfa mevcut değil)">Code-switching</a>, yani günlük muhabbet sırasında İngilizce ile kantoncayı karıştırmak her iki dili bilen nüfus arasında sık rastlanan bir olaydır.<sup id="cite_ref-155" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-155"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>151<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hong Kong'un devri sonrasındaki hükûmetler, <a href="/wiki/Putonghua" class="mw-redirect" title="Putonghua">Putonghua</a> (<a href="/wiki/%C3%87in_anakaras%C4%B1" title="Çin anakarası">Çin anakarasının</a> resmî dili)nın kullanımını teşvik etmiştir. Putonghuanın kullanımı neredeyse İngilizce kadar yaygındır: nüfusun %48,6'sı Putonghuayı konuşabilir; bunların %1,9'u Putonghuayı anadil, %46,7'si ise ikinci dil olarak konuşur.<sup id="cite_ref-2016By-CensusLanguages_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2016By-CensusLanguages-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Çin anakarasında <a href="/wiki/Basitle%C5%9Ftirilmi%C5%9F_%C3%87ince_karakterler" class="mw-redirect" title="Basitleştirilmiş Çince karakterler">basitleştirilmiş Çince karakterlerin</a> kullanımından farklı olarak, Hong Kong'da yazı yazarken <a href="/wiki/Geleneksel_%C3%87ince_karakterler" class="mw-redirect" title="Geleneksel Çince karakterler">geleneksel Çince karakterler</a> kullanılır.<sup id="cite_ref-156" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-156"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>152<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Herhangi bir dine mensup olan nüfusun arasındaki en yaygın dini inanç, nüfusun %20'sinin inandığı Çin'in geleneksel <a href="/wiki/%C3%9C%C3%A7_%C3%B6%C4%9Freti" title="Üç öğreti">üç öğretisi</a>, yani <a href="/wiki/Budizm" title="Budizm">Budizm</a>, <a href="/wiki/Konf%C3%BC%C3%A7y%C3%BCs%C3%A7%C3%BCl%C3%BCk" title="Konfüçyüsçülük">Konfüçyüsçülük</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Taoizm" title="Taoizm">Taoizm</a>. Bundan sonraki en yaygın dinler ise <a href="/wiki/H%C4%B1ristiyanl%C4%B1k" class="mw-redirect" title="Hıristiyanlık">Hıristiyanlık</a> (%12) ve <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0slam" title="İslam">İslam</a> (%4)'dır.<sup id="cite_ref-religionFacts_157-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-religionFacts-157"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>153<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Sihizm" title="Sihizm">Sihizm</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hinduizm" title="Hinduizm">Hinduizm</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yahudilik" title="Yahudilik">Yahudilik</a> veya <a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A2%C3%AElik" title="Bahâîlik">Bahâîlik</a> gibi diğer dinlere mensup olan Hong Kong sakinleri, genel olarak o dinin yaygın olduğu bölgelerden gelmiştir.<sup id="cite_ref-religionFacts_157-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-religionFacts-157"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>153<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hong Kong'daki beklenen yaşam süresi erkekler için 82,2 yıl, kadınlar için ise 87,6 yıldır.<sup id="cite_ref-nüfus_147-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nüfus-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bunlar, dünyadaki en yüksek altıncı olası yaşam süreleridir.<sup id="cite_ref-158" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-158"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>154<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hong Kong'daki önde gelen beş ölüm nedeni <a href="/wiki/Kanser" title="Kanser">kanser</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zat%C3%BCrre" title="Zatürre">zatürre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kardiyovask%C3%BCler_hastal%C4%B1klar" class="mw-redirect" title="Kardiyovasküler hastalıklar">kalp hastalığı</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Serebrovask%C3%BCler_hastal%C4%B1k&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serebrovasküler hastalık (sayfa mevcut değil)">serebrovasküler hastalık</a> ve çeşitli kazalardır.<sup id="cite_ref-2017HealthFacts_159-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2017HealthFacts-159"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>155<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hong Kong'daki <a href="/wiki/Evrensel_sa%C4%9Fl%C4%B1k_hizmeti" title="Evrensel sağlık hizmeti">evrensel sağlık hizmeti</a> genel vergi geliriyle finanse edilir ve sağlık bakımı büyük oranda devlet sübvansiyonlarıyla ödenir; ortalama olarak, sağlık masraflarının %95'i hükûmet tarafından karşılanır.<sup id="cite_ref-160" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-160"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>156<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Genel bölge nüfusunun yaşlanmasının çalışmayan insanların sayısını arttırmasıyla, Hong Kong'daki gelir eşitsizliği, egemenliğin devredilmesinden beri artmıştır.<sup id="cite_ref-161" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-161"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>157<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 2016 yılından önceki on yıl içerisinde medyan hanehalkı gelirinin sürekli artmasına rağmen maaş uçurumu yine yüksektir;<sup id="cite_ref-IncomeDistribution_162-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IncomeDistribution-162"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>158<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> gelir sahiplerinin 90. yüzdelik dilimi, tüm gelirlerin %41'ini almaktadır.<sup id="cite_ref-IncomeDistribution_162-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IncomeDistribution-162"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>158<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hong Kong'da 109.657 kişi başına bir milyarderin düşmesiyle dünyada kişi başına en çok sayıda milyarder barındıran şehirlerden biridir.<sup id="cite_ref-163" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-163"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>159<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Artan eşitsizliği azaltmaya yönelik hükûmet girişimlerine<sup id="cite_ref-164" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-164"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>160<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> rağmen, gelir sahiplerinin en üst %10'u arasındaki medyan gelir, en alt %10'unun 44 katıdır.<sup id="cite_ref-165" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-165"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>161<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-166" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-166"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>162<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ekonomi">Ekonomi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Ekonomi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=12" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Ekonomi"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Kwai_Tsing_Container_Terminals.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Kwai_Tsing_Container_Terminals.jpg/220px-Kwai_Tsing_Container_Terminals.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Kwai_Tsing_Container_Terminals.jpg/330px-Kwai_Tsing_Container_Terminals.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Kwai_Tsing_Container_Terminals.jpg/440px-Kwai_Tsing_Container_Terminals.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Hong Kong Limanı, dünyanın <a href="/wiki/D%C3%BCnyan%C4%B1n_en_i%C5%9Flek_konteyner_limanlar%C4%B1_listesi" title="Dünyanın en işlek konteyner limanları listesi">en işlek konteyner limanlarından</a> biridir.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Hong_Kong_Product_Exports_(2019).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Hong_Kong_Product_Exports_%282019%29.svg/290px-Hong_Kong_Product_Exports_%282019%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="290" height="189" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Hong_Kong_Product_Exports_%282019%29.svg/435px-Hong_Kong_Product_Exports_%282019%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Hong_Kong_Product_Exports_%282019%29.svg/580px-Hong_Kong_Product_Exports_%282019%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="715" /></a><figcaption>Hong Kong'dan ihraç edilen ürünlerin orantılı temsili, 2019</figcaption></figure> <p>Hong Kong'un <a href="/wiki/Kapitalizm" title="Kapitalizm">kapitalist</a> <a href="/wiki/Karma_ekonomi" title="Karma ekonomi">karma</a> <a href="/wiki/Hizmet_ekonomisi" title="Hizmet ekonomisi">hizmet ekonomisi</a> vardır. Düşük vergiler, pazara az hükûmet müdahalesi ve yerleşik uluslararası finans pazarı, Hong Kong ekonomisinin ana özellikleridir.<sup id="cite_ref-167" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-167"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>163<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Yaklaşık 373 milyar <a href="/wiki/Amerikan_dolar%C4%B1" title="Amerikan doları">Amerikan doları</a> değerindeki <a href="/wiki/Gayri_safi_yurt_i%C3%A7i_has%C4%B1la" class="mw-redirect" title="Gayri safi yurt içi hasıla">Gayri safi yurt içi hasıla</a>'sı ile dünyanın <a href="/wiki/Nominal_GSY%C4%B0H_de%C4%9Ferlerine_g%C3%B6re_%C3%BClkeler_listesi" title="Nominal GSYİH değerlerine göre ülkeler listesi">en büyük 35. ekonomisidir</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-IMFWEOHK_12-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMFWEOHK-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hong Kong ekonomisi 1995 yılından beri <a href="/wiki/The_Heritage_Foundation" title="The Heritage Foundation">The Heritage Foundation</a>'ın hazırladığı <a href="/wiki/Ekonomik_%C3%B6zg%C3%BCrl%C3%BCk" title="Ekonomik özgürlük">ekonomik özgürlük</a> endeksinin en üst sırasında yer alsa da,<sup id="cite_ref-168" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-168"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>164<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-169" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-169"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>165<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> bölgede nispeten yüksek seviyeli <a href="/wiki/Ekonomik_e%C5%9Fitsizlik" title="Ekonomik eşitsizlik">ekonomik eşitsizlik</a> vardır.<sup id="cite_ref-GiniRef_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GiniRef-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Aralık 2018 <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Menkul_K%C4%B1ymetler_Borsas%C4%B1" title="Hong Kong Menkul Kıymetler Borsası">Hong Kong Menkul Kıymetler Borsası</a>, 30,4 trilyon Hong Kong doları (3,87 trilyon ABD doları) değerindeki <a href="/wiki/Market_cap" class="mw-redirect" title="Market cap">piyasa kapitalizasyonu</a> ile dünyanın <a href="/wiki/Borsalar_listesi" title="Borsalar listesi">en büyük sekizinci menkul kıymetler borsası</a> idi.<sup id="cite_ref-170" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-170"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>166<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hong Kong, 2021 yılında <a href="/wiki/%C3%9Clkelere_g%C3%B6re_ihracat_rakamlar%C4%B1_listesi" title="Ülkelere göre ihracat rakamları listesi">ihracat</a> ve <a href="/wiki/%C3%9Clkelere_g%C3%B6re_ithalat_rakamlar%C4%B1_listesi" title="Ülkelere göre ithalat rakamları listesi">ithalat</a>'ta sırasıyla dokuzuncu ve sekizinci en büyük<sup id="cite_ref-CIAExports_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIAExports-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CIAImports_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIAImports-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ticari varlıktı, gayri safi yurtiçi hasılasından daha fazla değerde malların ticareti yapar.<sup id="cite_ref-CIAExports_23-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIAExports-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CIAImports_24-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIAImports-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kargo hacminin yarısından fazlası aktarmalardan (Hong Kong üzerinden taşınan mallar) oluşur. Bu trafiğin yaklaşık %40'ını Anakara Çin'den gelen ürünlerdir.<sup id="cite_ref-LegcoEconomy_171-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LegcoEconomy-171"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>167<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Şehrin konumu, dünyanın en işlek 7. konteyner limanının<sup id="cite_ref-172" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-172"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>168<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ve uluslararası kargo açısından dünyanın en işlek havalimanının<sup id="cite_ref-173" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-173"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>169<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dahil olduğu ulaşım ve lojistik altyapı kurulmasına imkan verdi. Bölgenin en büyük ihracat pazarları Çin anakarası ve Amerika Birleşik Devletleri'dir.<sup id="cite_ref-cia_29-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cia-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hong Kong, 21. yüzyıl deniz ipek yolunun önemli bir parçasıdır.<sup id="cite_ref-174" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-174"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>170<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Çok az ekilebilir arazisi ve çok az doğal kaynağı vardır, yiyecek ve hammaddelerinin çoğunu ithal eder. Et ve pirincin neredeyse tamamı dahil olmak üzere Hong Kong gıdasının %90'ından fazlası ithal edilir.<sup id="cite_ref-175" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-175"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>171<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tarımsal faaliyetler GSYİH'nın %0,1'idir ve büyüyen kaliteli gıda ve çiçek çeşitlerinden oluşur.<sup id="cite_ref-176" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-176"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>172<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Koloni döneminin ikinci yarısı boyunca Asya'nın en büyük imalat ekonomilerinden biri olmasına rağmen günümüz Hong Kong ekonomisinde artık hizmet sektörü hakimdir. Bu sektör, ekonomik üretimin %92,7'sini oluştururken, kamu sektörü yaklaşık %10'unu oluşturmaktadır.<sup id="cite_ref-177" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-177"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>173<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 1961 ve 1997 arasında Hong Kong'un gayri safi yurt içi hasılası 180 kat artarken, kişi başına düşen GSYİH 87 kat arttı.<sup id="cite_ref-178" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-178"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>174<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-179" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-179"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>175<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bölgenin Çin anakarasıyla göreceli GSYİH'sı 1993'te %27'de zirve yaptı; anakara kendi ekonomisini geliştirip liberalleştirdiği için bu pay, 2017'de yüzde üçün altına düştü.<sup id="cite_ref-180" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-180"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>176<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Anakarada <a href="/wiki/%C3%87in_ekonomik_reformu" title="Çin ekonomik reformu">pazar serbestleştirme reformlarının</a> 1978 yılında uygulanmaya başlamasından beri, Hong Kong'un Çin anakarası ile ekonomik ve altyapısal entegrasyonu büyük oranda artmıştır. 1979'da <a href="/w/index.php?title=Guangzhou-Kowloon_ekspres_treni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guangzhou-Kowloon ekspres treni (sayfa mevcut değil)">sınır ötesi tren hizmetinin</a> yeniden başlamasından bu yana, birçok demiryolu ve karayolu bağlantısı geliştirildi ve inşa edildi; böylece bölgeler arası ticaret kolaylaştırıldı.<sup id="cite_ref-181" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-181"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>177<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-HZMBridge_182-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HZMBridge-182"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>178<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 2003'te Hong Kong ile Çin anakarası arasında imzalanan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anakara_ile_Hong_Kong_Aras%C4%B1nda_Daha_Yak%C4%B1n_Ekonomik_ve_Ticari_%C4%B0li%C5%9Fkilerin_Kurulmas%C4%B1na_%C4%B0li%C5%9Fkin_Ortakl%C4%B1k_D%C3%BCzenlemesi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anakara ile Hong Kong Arasında Daha Yakın Ekonomik ve Ticari İlişkilerin Kurulmasına İlişkin Ortaklık Düzenlemesi (sayfa mevcut değil)">ekonomik ortaklık düzenlemesi</a>, her iki bölge arasındaki serbest ticaret politikasını resmîleştirdi; anlaşma uyarınca her iki yargı alanı, ticaret ve sınır ötesi yatırım için geriye kalan engelleri kaldırma sözü verdi.<sup id="cite_ref-MainlandCEPA_183-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MainlandCEPA-183"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>179<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hong Kong'un Makao ile girdiği benzer bir ekonomik ortaklık, her iki özel idari bölgenin arasındaki ticaretin serbestleştirilmesini detaylar.<sup id="cite_ref-184" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-184"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>180<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Egemenliğin devrinden beri Çin şirketlerinin Hong Kong'daki etkinliği ve görünürlüğü artmıştır. Anakara firmaları 1997 yılında <a href="/wiki/Hang_Seng_Endeksi" title="Hang Seng Endeksi">Hang Seng Endeksi</a> değerinin yüzde beşini oluştururken, artık günümüzde bu değerin yarısından fazlasını oluşturmaktadır.<sup id="cite_ref-185" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-185"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>181<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-186" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-186"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>182<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Hong_Kong_Exchange_Trade_Lobby_2007.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="İçinde çalışma masaları ve bilgisayar terminallerin olduğu büyük, boş bir oda" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Hong_Kong_Exchange_Trade_Lobby_2007.jpg/220px-Hong_Kong_Exchange_Trade_Lobby_2007.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Hong_Kong_Exchange_Trade_Lobby_2007.jpg/330px-Hong_Kong_Exchange_Trade_Lobby_2007.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Hong_Kong_Exchange_Trade_Lobby_2007.jpg/440px-Hong_Kong_Exchange_Trade_Lobby_2007.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Menkul_K%C4%B1ymetler_Borsas%C4%B1" title="Hong Kong Menkul Kıymetler Borsası">Hong Kong Menkul Kıymetler Borsası</a>'nın eski işlem odası</figcaption></figure> <p>Anakara kendi ekonomisini liberalleştirirken, Hong Kong'un nakliyat endüstrisi, Çin'in diğer limanlarının yoğun rekabetiyle yüz yüze geldi. 1997'de Çin'in ticari mallarının %50'si Hong Kong'un içinden geçti, ancak 2015'te bu pay %13'e düştü.<sup id="cite_ref-Commons5R18_187-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Commons5R18-187"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>183<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bölgenin düşük vergileri, ortak hukuk sistemi ve sivil servisi, Asya piyasalarında yer edinmek isteyen yurt dışı firmaları çeker.<sup id="cite_ref-Commons5R18_187-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Commons5R18-187"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>183<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hong Kong, tüm Asya-Pasifik bölgesinde şirket genel merkezlerinin sayısının en yüksek olduğu ikinci şehirdir.<sup id="cite_ref-188" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-188"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>184<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hong Kong Menkul Kıymetler Borsası'nın <a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eanghay_Menkul_K%C4%B1ymetler_Borsas%C4%B1" title="Şanghay Menkul Kıymetler Borsası">Şanghay</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Shenzhen_Menkul_K%C4%B1ymetler_Borsas%C4%B1" title="Shenzhen Menkul Kıymetler Borsası">Shenzhen</a> borsalarıyla kurduğu doğrudan bağlantılar sayesinde Hong Kong, Çin'e yönelik <a href="/wiki/Do%C4%9Frudan_yabanc%C4%B1_yat%C4%B1r%C4%B1m" title="Doğrudan yabancı yatırım">doğrudan yabancı yatırımın</a> bir geçidi olarak işlev göstermektedir. Hong Kong, Çin anakarası haricinde <a href="/wiki/Dim_sum_tahvili" title="Dim sum tahvili">Renminbi'ye bağlı tahvillerin</a> dağıtıldığı ilk pazardır ve offshore <a href="/wiki/Renminbi" title="Renminbi">Renminbi</a> işleminin en büyük merkezlerinden biridir.<sup id="cite_ref-189" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-189"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>185<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hükûmet, günümüze dek ekonomide pasif bir rol oynamıştır. Koloni hükûmetlerinde çok az <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sanayi_politikas%C4%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sanayi politikası (sayfa mevcut değil)">sanayi politikası</a> mevcuttu, ticarete de neredeyse hiç sınırlama uygulanmadı. Savaş sonrası dönemdeki hükûmetler, "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Pozitif_m%C3%BCdahale_etmeme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pozitif müdahale etmeme (sayfa mevcut değil)">pozitif müdahale etmeme</a>" (<i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/positive_non-interventionism" class="extiw" title="en:positive non-interventionism">positive non-interventionism</a></i>) doktrinine uyarınca doğrudan kaynak dağılımınıda bulunmaktan kasten uzak durdu, zira bu tür aktif müdahalede bulunmanın ekonomik büyümeye zararlı olduğu düşünülüyordu.<sup id="cite_ref-ceo_190-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ceo-190"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>186<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 1980'ler boyunca hizmet ekonomisine geçiş yapıldığı zaman,<sup id="cite_ref-ceo_190-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ceo-190"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>186<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> o zamanki koloni hükûmetleri müdahaleci politikalar uygulamaya başladı. </p><p>Egemenliğin devri sonrasındaki hükûmetlerse, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%B0hracat_kredisi_kurulu%C5%9Fu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="İhracat kredisi kuruluşu (sayfa mevcut değil)">ihracat kredisi</a> garantileri, zorunlu emeklilik planı (<i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandatory_Provident_Fund" class="extiw" title="en:Mandatory Provident Fund">Mandatory Provident Fund</a></i> / <a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BC%B7%E5%88%B6%E6%80%A7%E5%85%AC%E7%A9%8D%E9%87%91" class="extiw" title="zh:強制性公積金">強制性公積金</a>), asgari ücret, ayrımcılık karşıtı yasalar ve devlet ipotek fonu gibi programları sürdürdü ve genişletti.<sup id="cite_ref-EconomistEnd_191-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EconomistEnd-191"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>187<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Turizm ekonominin büyük bir parçasıdır ve GSYİH'nın %5'ini teşkil eder.<sup id="cite_ref-TourismFacts_141-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TourismFacts-141"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 2016 yılında, 26,6 milyon ziyaretçi, Hong Kong, uluslararası turistlerin arasındaki <a href="/wiki/D%C3%BCnya_turizm_s%C4%B1ralamas%C4%B1" title="Dünya turizm sıralaması">en popüler 14. varış noktası</a> yaparak Hong Kong ekonomisine 258 milyar Hong Kong doları (32,9 milyar Amerikan doları) değerinde katkı yaptı. </p><p>Turistler için en popüler Çin şehridir ve en yakın rakibinden (Makao) %70 daha fazla ziyaretçi almaktadır.<sup id="cite_ref-192" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-192"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>188<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Şehir, gurbetçiler için en pahalı şehirlerden biri olarak gösterilir.<sup id="cite_ref-193" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-193"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>189<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-194" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-194"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>190<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ancak 2020'den bu yana, sıkı COVID-19 seyahat kısıtlamaları nedeniyle gelen ziyaretçilerde keskin bir düşüş oldu. Ek olarak, 2022'de Rus hava sahasının kapanması nedeniyle, çok sayıda havayolu şirketi Hong Kong'daki operasyonlarını durdurma kararı aldı.<sup id="cite_ref-195" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-195"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>191<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Turistleri Hong Kong'a geri çekmek amacıyla, Hong Kong hükûmeti 2023'te 500.000 ücretsiz uçak bileti vermeyi planladığını duyurdu.<sup id="cite_ref-196" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-196"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>192<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right:auto; width:100%; max-width:808px;"> <div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="overflow:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Hong_Kong_Skyline_view_from_the_peak_2017.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Victoria Zirvesi, Merkez ve Victoria Limanı manzaralı önemli bir turistik cazibe merkezidir."><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Hong_Kong_Skyline_view_from_the_peak_2017.jpg/800px-Hong_Kong_Skyline_view_from_the_peak_2017.jpg" decoding="async" width="800" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Hong_Kong_Skyline_view_from_the_peak_2017.jpg/1200px-Hong_Kong_Skyline_view_from_the_peak_2017.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Hong_Kong_Skyline_view_from_the_peak_2017.jpg/1600px-Hong_Kong_Skyline_view_from_the_peak_2017.jpg 2x" data-file-width="24000" data-file-height="8000" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Hong_Kong_Skyline_view_from_the_peak_2017.jpg" title="Büyüt"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/Magnify-clip.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="11" /></a></span></div><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Zirvesi" title="Victoria Zirvesi">Victoria Zirvesi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Central,_Hong_Kong" title="Central, Hong Kong">Merkez</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Victoria_Liman%C4%B1" title="Victoria Limanı">Victoria Limanı</a> manzaralı önemli bir turistik cazibe merkezidir.</div> </div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ulaşım"><span id="Ula.C5.9F.C4.B1m"></span>Ulaşım</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Ulaşım" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=13" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Ulaşım"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Star_Ferry%27s_Harbour_Tour_02.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Star_Ferry%27s_Harbour_Tour_02.JPG/220px-Star_Ferry%27s_Harbour_Tour_02.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Star_Ferry%27s_Harbour_Tour_02.JPG/330px-Star_Ferry%27s_Harbour_Tour_02.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Star_Ferry%27s_Harbour_Tour_02.JPG/440px-Star_Ferry%27s_Harbour_Tour_02.JPG 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong_feribotu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong feribotu (sayfa mevcut değil)">Hong Kong feribotu</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Cross_Harbour_Tunnel_(1).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Cross_Harbour_Tunnel_%281%29.JPG/220px-Cross_Harbour_Tunnel_%281%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Cross_Harbour_Tunnel_%281%29.JPG/330px-Cross_Harbour_Tunnel_%281%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Cross_Harbour_Tunnel_%281%29.JPG/440px-Cross_Harbour_Tunnel_%281%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4592" data-file-height="3056" /></a><figcaption>Hung Hom, <a href="/wiki/Kowloon" title="Kowloon">Kowloon</a>'da Cross-Harbour tüneli girişi</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:HK_Tung_Chung_Line_Train.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/HK_Tung_Chung_Line_Train.jpg/220px-HK_Tung_Chung_Line_Train.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/HK_Tung_Chung_Line_Train.jpg/330px-HK_Tung_Chung_Line_Train.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/HK_Tung_Chung_Line_Train.jpg/440px-HK_Tung_Chung_Line_Train.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tung_Chung_hatt%C4%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tung Chung hattı (sayfa mevcut değil)">Tung Chung hattında</a> bir MTR treni</figcaption></figure> <p>Hong Kong son derece gelişmiş, sofistike bir ulaşım ağına ve dünyanın en yüksek toplu taşıma kullanım oranına sahiptir: günlük ulaşımın %90'ından fazlası toplu taşıma araçlarında yapılır.<sup id="cite_ref-pubtransport_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pubtransport-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Octopus_kart%C4%B1" title="Octopus kartı">Octopus kartı</a> adında bir <a href="/wiki/Temass%C4%B1z_%C3%B6deme" title="Temassız ödeme">temassız</a> <a href="/wiki/Ak%C4%B1ll%C4%B1_kart" title="Akıllı kart">akıllı</a> <a href="/wiki/Elektronik_para" title="Elektronik para">ödeme</a> kartı demiryolu, otobüs ve feribotda geçerlidir ve çoğu perakende mağazasında da ödeme yöntemidir.<sup id="cite_ref-197" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-197"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>193<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_metrosu" class="mw-redirect" title="Hong Kong metrosu">Mass Transit Railway</a> (MTR), Hong Kong'un 93 <a href="/wiki/Metro" title="Metro">metro</a> istasyonunu birbiriyle bağlayan geniş kapsamlı yolcu demiryolu ağıdır.<sup id="cite_ref-RailwayFacts_198-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RailwayFacts-198"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>194<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Beş milyondan fazla günlük kullanıcısıyla bu sistem, şehirdeki tüm toplu taşıma yolcularının %41'ine hizmet etmektedir<sup id="cite_ref-LegcoTransport_199-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LegcoTransport-199"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>195<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ve %99,9 dakiklik oranına sahiptir.<sup id="cite_ref-200" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-200"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>196<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Aeropuerto_de_Hong_Kong,_2013-08-13,_DD_02.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Aeropuerto_de_Hong_Kong%2C_2013-08-13%2C_DD_02.JPG/220px-Aeropuerto_de_Hong_Kong%2C_2013-08-13%2C_DD_02.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Aeropuerto_de_Hong_Kong%2C_2013-08-13%2C_DD_02.JPG/330px-Aeropuerto_de_Hong_Kong%2C_2013-08-13%2C_DD_02.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Aeropuerto_de_Hong_Kong%2C_2013-08-13%2C_DD_02.JPG/440px-Aeropuerto_de_Hong_Kong%2C_2013-08-13%2C_DD_02.JPG 2x" data-file-width="5179" data-file-height="3453" /></a><figcaption>Hong Kong Uluslararası Havalimanı Terminal 1</figcaption></figure> <p>1924'te Kai Ho ve Au Tak, <a href="/wiki/Kai_Tak_Havaalan%C4%B1" title="Kai Tak Havaalanı">Kai Tak Havaalanı</a> inşaatına yatırım yaptı.<sup id="cite_ref-劉_201-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-劉-201"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>197<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:470</sup>。2013 yılında 372.000 uçak <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Uluslararas%C4%B1_Havaliman%C4%B1" title="Hong Kong Uluslararası Havalimanı">Hong Kong Uluslararası Havalimanı</a>'na giriş çıkış yaptı.<sup id="cite_ref-統計2015_202-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-統計2015-202"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>198<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:38</sup><sup id="cite_ref-203" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-203"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>199<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Uluslararas%C4%B1_Havaliman%C4%B1" title="Hong Kong Uluslararası Havalimanı">Hong Kong Uluslararası Havalimanı</a>, şehrin ana havalimanıdır. Bu havalimanında uçuş işleten 100'den fazla havayolu şirketi vardır. <a href="/wiki/Bayrak_ta%C5%9F%C4%B1y%C4%B1c%C4%B1" title="Bayrak taşıyıcı">Bayrak taşıyıcı</a> şirket <a href="/wiki/Cathay_Pacific" title="Cathay Pacific">Cathay Pacific</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Airlines" title="Hong Kong Airlines">Hong Kong Airlines</a>, bölgesel hizmet veren <a href="/wiki/Cathay_Dragon" title="Cathay Dragon">Cathay Dragon</a>, düşük bütçeli şirket <a href="/wiki/HK_Express" title="HK Express">HK Express</a> ve kargo şirketi <a href="/wiki/Air_Hong_Kong" title="Air Hong Kong">Air Hong Kong</a>, Hong Kong'un yerel havayolu şirketlerinin arasındadır.<sup id="cite_ref-204" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-204"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>200<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Yolcu trafiği açısından <a href="/wiki/Yolcu_trafi%C4%9Fine_g%C3%B6re_d%C3%BCnyan%C4%B1n_en_i%C5%9Flek_havalimanlar%C4%B1_listesi" title="Yolcu trafiğine göre dünyanın en işlek havalimanları listesi">dünyanın en işlek 8. havalimanı</a><sup id="cite_ref-205" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-205"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>201<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ve <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kargo_trafi%C4%9Fine_g%C3%B6re_d%C3%BCnyan%C4%B1n_en_i%C5%9Flek_havalimanlar%C4%B1_listesi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kargo trafiğine göre dünyanın en işlek havalimanları listesi (sayfa mevcut değil)">dünyada en çok hava kargosunun</a> geçtiği havalimanıdır.<sup id="cite_ref-206" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-206"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>202<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kültür"><span id="K.C3.BClt.C3.BCr"></span>Kültür</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Kültür" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=14" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Kültür"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hong Kong kültürü, <a href="/wiki/Do%C4%9Fu_d%C3%BCnyas%C4%B1" title="Doğu dünyası">Doğu</a> ile <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bat%C4%B1_k%C3%BClt%C3%BCr%C3%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Batı kültürü (sayfa mevcut değil)">Batı</a>'nın bir karışımı olarak nitelendirilir. Aile ve eğitimin odaklanıldığı geleneksel Çin değerleri, ekonomik özgürlük ve hukuk devleti gibi Batı ülküleriyle bir araya gelir.<sup id="cite_ref-207" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-207"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>203<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nüfusun büyük çoğunluğu etnik Çinlilerden oluşsa da Hong Kong, kendine özgü bir kimlik geliştirmiştir. Uzun zaman koloni yönetimi altında olmasından ve ekonomisi, toplumu ve kültüründeki gelişme hızının farklılığından dolayı Çin anakarasından ıraksamıştır. Ana akım kültür, Çin'in birçok farklı yerinden gelmiş göçmenlerden kaynaklanır. Bu da Britanya tarzı eğitim, ayrı bir siyasi sistem ve bölgenin 20. yüzyılın ikincisi yarısında yaşadığı hızlı gelişme tarafından etkilenmiştir.<sup id="cite_ref-208" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-208"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>204<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-209" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-209"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>205<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> O dönemdeki göçmenlerin çoğu, yoksulluk ve savaştan kaçıyordu; bu da zenginliğe dair tutumları yansıtır; Hong Kongluların arasında öz imge ve karar vermeyi maddi çıkarlarla bağlama eğilimi mevcuttur.<sup id="cite_ref-210" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-210"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>206<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-211" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-211"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>207<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hong Kong üzerindeki egemenliğin devrinden beri, sakinlerin arasındaki yerel kimlik hissi büyük oranda artmıştır: nüfusun %53'ü kendini "Hong Konglu", %11'i ise kendini "Çinli" olarak tanımlar. Nüfusun geri kalan kısmı ise farklı karma kimlikler benimser; ör. %23'ü kendini "Çin'de yaşayan Hong Konglu", %12'si ise kendini "Hong Kong'da yaşayan Çinli" olarak görür.<sup id="cite_ref-212" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-212"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>208<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aile_onuru&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aile onuru (sayfa mevcut değil)">Aile onuru</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aileye_sayg%C4%B1" title="Aileye saygı">aileye saygı</a> ve erkek çocukların tercih edilmesi gibi geleneksel Çin aile değerleri yaygındır.<sup id="cite_ref-213" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-213"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>209<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/%C3%87ekirdek_aile" title="Çekirdek aile">Çekirdek aile</a>, en yaygın aile yapısıdır ancak çok nesilli veya büyük ailelere rastlamak olağandışı sayılmaz.<sup id="cite_ref-214" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-214"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>210<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/Feng_shui" class="mw-redirect" title="Feng shui">Feng shui</a></i> gibi manevi kavramlara uyulur; büyük ölçekli inşaat projelerinde uygun bina konumlandırması ve yerleşimi sağlamak için genellikle feng shui alanında uzman danışmanlar işe alınır. Bir işletmenin feng shui'ye bağlılık derecesinin, bu işletmenin başarısını belirlediğine inanılmaktadır.<sup id="cite_ref-FengShui_137-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FengShui-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kötü ruhları kovmak için düzenli olarak <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bagua&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bagua (sayfa mevcut değil)">bagua</a></i> aynaları kullanılır,<sup id="cite_ref-215" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-215"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>211<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ve binalardaki dördüncü kat için <a href="/wiki/Tetrafobi" title="Tetrafobi">"4" rakamının yerine başka bir rakamın kullanılması</a> yaygındır,<sup id="cite_ref-216" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-216"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>212<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> zira bu numaranın Kantoncadaki sesi (四, <i>sei3</i>), "ölüm" anlamına gelen başka bir kelime (死, <i>sei2</i>)ye çok benzer.<sup id="cite_ref-217" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-217"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>213<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hongkong_Mutfağı"><span id="Hongkong_Mutfa.C4.9F.C4.B1"></span>Hongkong Mutfağı</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Hongkong Mutfağı" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=15" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Hongkong Mutfağı"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Ayrıca bakınız: <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_mutfa%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Hong Kong mutfağı">Hong Kong mutfağı</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r33502344/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:boyut;max-width:342px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:boyut;max-width:169px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:125px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Dim_Sum_Breakfast.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Dim Sum kahvaltı öğününde çeşitli ürünler" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Dim_Sum_Breakfast.jpg/167px-Dim_Sum_Breakfast.jpg" decoding="async" width="167" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Dim_Sum_Breakfast.jpg/251px-Dim_Sum_Breakfast.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Dim_Sum_Breakfast.jpg/334px-Dim_Sum_Breakfast.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:boyut;max-width:169px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:125px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Cha_Chaan_Teng.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Solda Fransız Tostu, sağda Sütlü Çay" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Cha_Chaan_Teng.jpg/167px-Cha_Chaan_Teng.jpg" decoding="async" width="167" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Cha_Chaan_Teng.jpg/251px-Cha_Chaan_Teng.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Cha_Chaan_Teng.jpg/334px-Cha_Chaan_Teng.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">Bir dim sum restoranında tipik yemek (solda); <i>cha chaan teng</i> Hong Kong usulü sütlü çay ile kahvaltı yemeği (sağda)</div></div></div></div> <p>Hong Kong'da yemek, bölgenin yabancı etkilere maruz kalmasına ve sakinlerinin çeşitli kökenlerine rağmen öncelikle Kanton mutfağına dayanır. Pirinç temel besindir ve genellikle diğer yemeklerle birlikte sade servis edilir. Malzemelerin tazeliği vurgulanır. <a href="/wiki/Ana_yemek" title="Ana yemek">Ana yemek</a> genellikle pirinç veya <a href="/wiki/Eri%C5%9Fte" title="Erişte">erişte</a> ile servis edilir. <i>Sweetheart cake</i>,<i><a href="/wiki/Dim_sum" title="Dim sum">dim sum</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6pekbal%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1_y%C3%BCzgeci_%C3%A7orbas%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Köpekbalığı yüzgeci çorbası">köpekbalığı yüzgeci çorbası</a>,<i><a href="/wiki/Abalone" class="mw-redirect" title="Abalone">Abalone</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> []</span></i>veya <a href="/wiki/Ay_keki" title="Ay keki">ay keki</a> gibi pek çok yiyecek Hong Kong spesiyalitesi Kanton kökenlidir. </p><p>Kümes hayvanları ve deniz ürünleri genellikle ıslak pazarlarda canlı satılır ve malzemeler mümkün olduğunca çabuk kullanılır. </p><p>Beş günlük öğün vardır: kahvaltı, öğle yemeği, ikindi çayı, akşam yemeği ve siu yeh. Yum cha'nın (brunch) bir parçası olan Dim sum aile ve arkadaşlarla dışarıda yemek yeme geleneğidir. </p><p>Yemekler arasında congee, cha siu bao, siu yuk, yumurtalı tartlar ve mangolu puding bulunur. Batı yemeklerinin yerel çeşitleri cha chaan teng'de (hızlı, rahat restoranlar) servis edilir. Ortak cha chaan teng menü öğeleri arasında çorbada makarna, derin yağda kızartılmış Fransız tostu ve Hong Kong tarzı sütlü çay bulunur. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Restoran" title="Restoran">Restoran</a> coğrafyası oldukça uluslararasıdır, Çin'in tüm bölgelerinden spesiyalitelerin yanı sıra çok sayıda <a href="/wiki/Japon_mutfa%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Japon mutfağı">Japon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kore_mutfa%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Kore mutfağı">Kore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hint_mutfa%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Hint mutfağı">Hint</a>, Güneydoğu Asya ve Avrupa Doğu-batıya kadar restoranlar <a href="/wiki/F%C3%BCzyon_mutfak" title="Füzyon mutfak">füzyon mutfak</a> vardır. Hong Kong aynı zamanda uzmanlar arasında bir mutfak cenneti olarak kabul edilir çünkü çok sayıda üst düzey uluslararası mutfak çok küçük bir alanda bulunabilir. Batılı <a href="/wiki/Fast_food" title="Fast food">fast food</a> ve kahvehane zincirlerinin yerel yemek kültürü üzerindeki büyük etkisi de açıktır. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Resmi_sembol">Resmi sembol</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Resmi sembol" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=16" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Resmi sembol"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Bauhinia_blakeana_(Key_West).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Bauhinia_blakeana_%28Key_West%29.jpg/220px-Bauhinia_blakeana_%28Key_West%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="193" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Bauhinia_blakeana_%28Key_West%29.jpg/330px-Bauhinia_blakeana_%28Key_West%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Bauhinia_blakeana_%28Key_West%29.jpg/440px-Bauhinia_blakeana_%28Key_West%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1759" /></a><figcaption>Hong Kong'un şehir çiçeği <a href="/wiki/Bauhinia_blakeana" title="Bauhinia blakeana">Bauhinia blakeana</a></figcaption></figure> <p>19. yüzyılın sonunda, Hong Kong'da yeni bir tür olan <a href="/wiki/Bauhinia_blakeana" title="Bauhinia blakeana">Bauhinia blakeana</a> keşfedildi. Bilimsel adı, o zamanki Hong Kong valisi Sir Henry Arthur Blake'in ("Bauhinia blakeana") adını almıştır. Kent Konseyi tarafından 1960'larda sembol olarak kabul edildi ve 1965'te Hong Kong'un şehir çiçeği olarak belirlendi. Daha sonra Temel Kanunun hazırlanması sırasında <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_bayra%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Hong Kong bayrağı">Hong Kong bölgesel bayrağı</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_armas%C4%B1" title="Hong Kong arması">Hong Kong arması</a> için tasarım planı olarak seçildi. Temel Yasa yanlış bir şekilde Bauhinia çiçeği olarak adlandırıldı. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:HK_SSP_%E6%B7%B1%E6%B0%B4%E5%9F%97_Sham_Shui_Po_%E6%A1%82%E6%9E%97%E8%A1%97_Kweilin_Street_%E9%B4%A8%E5%AF%AE%E8%A1%97_Apliu_Street_Nov-2013_%E8%8C%B6%E9%A4%90%E5%BB%B3_restaurant_Cha_chaan_teng_Welcome_sign.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Cha chaan teng ‘in girişi"><img alt="Cha chaan teng ‘in girişi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/HK_SSP_%E6%B7%B1%E6%B0%B4%E5%9F%97_Sham_Shui_Po_%E6%A1%82%E6%9E%97%E8%A1%97_Kweilin_Street_%E9%B4%A8%E5%AF%AE%E8%A1%97_Apliu_Street_Nov-2013_%E8%8C%B6%E9%A4%90%E5%BB%B3_restaurant_Cha_chaan_teng_Welcome_sign.JPG/90px-HK_SSP_%E6%B7%B1%E6%B0%B4%E5%9F%97_Sham_Shui_Po_%E6%A1%82%E6%9E%97%E8%A1%97_Kweilin_Street_%E9%B4%A8%E5%AF%AE%E8%A1%97_Apliu_Street_Nov-2013_%E8%8C%B6%E9%A4%90%E5%BB%B3_restaurant_Cha_chaan_teng_Welcome_sign.JPG" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/HK_SSP_%E6%B7%B1%E6%B0%B4%E5%9F%97_Sham_Shui_Po_%E6%A1%82%E6%9E%97%E8%A1%97_Kweilin_Street_%E9%B4%A8%E5%AF%AE%E8%A1%97_Apliu_Street_Nov-2013_%E8%8C%B6%E9%A4%90%E5%BB%B3_restaurant_Cha_chaan_teng_Welcome_sign.JPG/134px-HK_SSP_%E6%B7%B1%E6%B0%B4%E5%9F%97_Sham_Shui_Po_%E6%A1%82%E6%9E%97%E8%A1%97_Kweilin_Street_%E9%B4%A8%E5%AF%AE%E8%A1%97_Apliu_Street_Nov-2013_%E8%8C%B6%E9%A4%90%E5%BB%B3_restaurant_Cha_chaan_teng_Welcome_sign.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/HK_SSP_%E6%B7%B1%E6%B0%B4%E5%9F%97_Sham_Shui_Po_%E6%A1%82%E6%9E%97%E8%A1%97_Kweilin_Street_%E9%B4%A8%E5%AF%AE%E8%A1%97_Apliu_Street_Nov-2013_%E8%8C%B6%E9%A4%90%E5%BB%B3_restaurant_Cha_chaan_teng_Welcome_sign.JPG/179px-HK_SSP_%E6%B7%B1%E6%B0%B4%E5%9F%97_Sham_Shui_Po_%E6%A1%82%E6%9E%97%E8%A1%97_Kweilin_Street_%E9%B4%A8%E5%AF%AE%E8%A1%97_Apliu_Street_Nov-2013_%E8%8C%B6%E9%A4%90%E5%BB%B3_restaurant_Cha_chaan_teng_Welcome_sign.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1936" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cha_chaan_teng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cha chaan teng (sayfa mevcut değil)">Cha chaan teng</a></i> ‘in girişi</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:HK_Sai_Ying_Pun_evening_Second_Street_shop_Thai_restaurant_Aug-2012.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Hong Kong'da Tayland restoranı"><img alt="Hong Kong'da Tayland restoranı" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/HK_Sai_Ying_Pun_evening_Second_Street_shop_Thai_restaurant_Aug-2012.JPG/120px-HK_Sai_Ying_Pun_evening_Second_Street_shop_Thai_restaurant_Aug-2012.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/HK_Sai_Ying_Pun_evening_Second_Street_shop_Thai_restaurant_Aug-2012.JPG/180px-HK_Sai_Ying_Pun_evening_Second_Street_shop_Thai_restaurant_Aug-2012.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/HK_Sai_Ying_Pun_evening_Second_Street_shop_Thai_restaurant_Aug-2012.JPG/240px-HK_Sai_Ying_Pun_evening_Second_Street_shop_Thai_restaurant_Aug-2012.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Hong Kong'da <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cuisine_tha%C3%AFlandaise&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cuisine thaïlandaise (sayfa mevcut değil)">Tayland restoranı</a> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Hongkongstreetfood-feb8-2005.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hong Kong'da sokak yemekleri"><img alt="Hong Kong'da sokak yemekleri" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Hongkongstreetfood-feb8-2005.jpg/120px-Hongkongstreetfood-feb8-2005.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Hongkongstreetfood-feb8-2005.jpg/180px-Hongkongstreetfood-feb8-2005.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Hongkongstreetfood-feb8-2005.jpg/240px-Hongkongstreetfood-feb8-2005.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Hong Kong'da <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sokak_yemekleri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sokak yemekleri (sayfa mevcut değil)">sokak yemekleri</a> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:New_Wan_Chai_Market_Interior_201408.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kapalı çarşı"><img alt="Kapalı çarşı" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/New_Wan_Chai_Market_Interior_201408.jpg/120px-New_Wan_Chai_Market_Interior_201408.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/New_Wan_Chai_Market_Interior_201408.jpg/180px-New_Wan_Chai_Market_Interior_201408.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/New_Wan_Chai_Market_Interior_201408.jpg/240px-New_Wan_Chai_Market_Interior_201408.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2112" data-file-height="1408" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kapal%C4%B1_%C3%A7ar%C5%9F%C4%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kapalı çarşı (sayfa mevcut değil)">Kapalı çarşı</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Typical_restaurant_in_Hong_Kong.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Çin Lokantası"><img alt="Çin Lokantası" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Typical_restaurant_in_Hong_Kong.jpg/120px-Typical_restaurant_in_Hong_Kong.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Typical_restaurant_in_Hong_Kong.jpg/180px-Typical_restaurant_in_Hong_Kong.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Typical_restaurant_in_Hong_Kong.jpg/240px-Typical_restaurant_in_Hong_Kong.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3315" data-file-height="2354" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cuisine_chinoise&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cuisine chinoise (sayfa mevcut değil)">Çin Lokantası</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Sichuan_food.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Bir Hong Kong restoranında Sichuan Mutfağı"><img alt="Bir Hong Kong restoranında Sichuan Mutfağı" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Sichuan_food.JPG/120px-Sichuan_food.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Sichuan_food.JPG/180px-Sichuan_food.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Sichuan_food.JPG/240px-Sichuan_food.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Bir Hong Kong restoranında <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sichuan_Mutfa%C4%9F%C4%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sichuan Mutfağı (sayfa mevcut değil)">Sichuan Mutfağı</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:HK_Hotpot_foods_Dec-2013_Ingredients_%E8%9F%B6%E5%AD%90_Solenidae_%E8%9F%B9_Crabs_%E8%9D%A6_Prawn_%E9%9B%9E%E8%82%89%E8%85%B8%E4%BB%94_Sausage_n_%E9%AD%9A%E6%97%A6_Fishballs.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Çin fondüsü için Balık topları ve deniz ürünleri"><img alt="Çin fondüsü için Balık topları ve deniz ürünleri" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/HK_Hotpot_foods_Dec-2013_Ingredients_%E8%9F%B6%E5%AD%90_Solenidae_%E8%9F%B9_Crabs_%E8%9D%A6_Prawn_%E9%9B%9E%E8%82%89%E8%85%B8%E4%BB%94_Sausage_n_%E9%AD%9A%E6%97%A6_Fishballs.jpg/120px-HK_Hotpot_foods_Dec-2013_Ingredients_%E8%9F%B6%E5%AD%90_Solenidae_%E8%9F%B9_Crabs_%E8%9D%A6_Prawn_%E9%9B%9E%E8%82%89%E8%85%B8%E4%BB%94_Sausage_n_%E9%AD%9A%E6%97%A6_Fishballs.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/HK_Hotpot_foods_Dec-2013_Ingredients_%E8%9F%B6%E5%AD%90_Solenidae_%E8%9F%B9_Crabs_%E8%9D%A6_Prawn_%E9%9B%9E%E8%82%89%E8%85%B8%E4%BB%94_Sausage_n_%E9%AD%9A%E6%97%A6_Fishballs.jpg/180px-HK_Hotpot_foods_Dec-2013_Ingredients_%E8%9F%B6%E5%AD%90_Solenidae_%E8%9F%B9_Crabs_%E8%9D%A6_Prawn_%E9%9B%9E%E8%82%89%E8%85%B8%E4%BB%94_Sausage_n_%E9%AD%9A%E6%97%A6_Fishballs.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/HK_Hotpot_foods_Dec-2013_Ingredients_%E8%9F%B6%E5%AD%90_Solenidae_%E8%9F%B9_Crabs_%E8%9D%A6_Prawn_%E9%9B%9E%E8%82%89%E8%85%B8%E4%BB%94_Sausage_n_%E9%AD%9A%E6%97%A6_Fishballs.jpg/240px-HK_Hotpot_foods_Dec-2013_Ingredients_%E8%9F%B6%E5%AD%90_Solenidae_%E8%9F%B9_Crabs_%E8%9D%A6_Prawn_%E9%9B%9E%E8%82%89%E8%85%B8%E4%BB%94_Sausage_n_%E9%AD%9A%E6%97%A6_Fishballs.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="720" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%87in_fond%C3%BCs%C3%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Çin fondüsü (sayfa mevcut değil)">Çin fondüsü</a> için <a href="/w/index.php?title=Boulette_de_poisson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Boulette de poisson (sayfa mevcut değil)">Balık topları</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Deniz_%C3%BCr%C3%BCnleri" title="Deniz ürünleri">deniz ürünleri</a> </div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ayrıca_bakınız"><span id="Ayr.C4.B1ca_bak.C4.B1n.C4.B1z"></span>Ayrıca bakınız</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Ayrıca bakınız" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=17" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Ayrıca bakınız"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a>'ta <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF?uselang=tr"><b>Hong Kong</b></a></span> ile ilgili çoklu ortam belgeleri bulunur. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dipnot">Dipnot</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Dipnot" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=18" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Dipnot"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-yale-romanizasyonu-1"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-yale-romanizasyonu_1-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kantoncan%C4%B1n_Yale_romanizasyonu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kantoncanın Yale romanizasyonu (sayfa mevcut değil)">Kantonca romanizasyonuna</a> göre telaffuzu şöyledir: <i>Jūng'wàh Yàhnmàhn Guhng'wòhgwok Hēunggóng Dahkbiht Hàhngjingkēui</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-chinese-varieties-5"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-chinese-varieties_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-chinese-varieties_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text">Hong Kong'da Çincenin herhangi bir lehçesinin resmiyeti yoktur. Sakinler çoğunlukla <i><a href="/wiki/De_facto" title="De facto">de facto</a></i> bölgesel standartı olan <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Kantoncas%C4%B1" title="Hong Kong Kantoncası">Kantoncayı</a> konuşurlar.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-OfficialLanguagesOrd_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OfficialLanguagesOrd-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2016By-CensusLanguages_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2016By-CensusLanguages-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-language-status-8"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-language-status_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-language-status_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text">Tüm hükûmet bağlamlarında, <a href="/wiki/Geleneksel_%C3%87ince_karakterler" class="mw-redirect" title="Geleneksel Çince karakterler">Geleneksel Çince karakterlerle</a> yazılmış belgeler, <a href="/wiki/Basitle%C5%9Ftirilmi%C5%9F_%C3%87ince_karakterler" class="mw-redirect" title="Basitleştirilmiş Çince karakterler">Basitleştirilmiş Çince karakterlerle</a> yazılmış olanlara göre daha geçerli sayılır.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tüm resmî işlemlerde İngilizcenin Çinceyle eşit statüsü vardır.<sup id="cite_ref-ChineseInCourt_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ChineseInCourt-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-çok-uluslu-16"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-çok-uluslu_16-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong%27da_daimi_oturma_izni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong'da daimi oturma izni (sayfa mevcut değil)">Hong Kong'da daimi oturma izni</a> olan sakinler herhangi bir ulustan olabilir. Çin uyrukluğu olmayıp geçerli bir seyahat belgesiyle Hong Kong'a girmiş, orada kesintisiz olarak en az yedi senelik bir dönem oturmuş ve daimi olarak yerleşmiş bir birey, yasal açıdan bir <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Konglu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Konglu (sayfa mevcut değil)">Hong Konglu</a> olarak tanınır.<sup id="cite_ref-BasicLawA24_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BasicLawA24-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kaynakça"><span id="Kaynak.C3.A7a"></span>Kaynakça</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Kaynakça" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=19" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Kaynakça"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r32805677">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-count:2}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-count:3}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLeung2016">Leung 2016</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OfficialLanguagesOrd-3"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-OfficialLanguagesOrd_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OfficialLanguagesOrd_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFOfficial_Languages_Ordinance">Official Languages Ordinance</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2016By-CensusLanguages-4"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-2016By-CensusLanguages_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2016By-CensusLanguages_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2016By-CensusLanguages_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2016By-CensusLanguages_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNüfus_Sayımı2016">Nüfus Sayımı 2016</a>, ss. 31, 51-52.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLegislative_Council_Disclaimer_and_Copyright_Notice">Legislative Council Disclaimer and Copyright Notice</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ChineseInCourt-7"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-ChineseInCourt_7-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFUse_of_Chinese_in_Court_Proceedings2011">Use of Chinese in Court Proceedings 2011</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-demografi-9"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-demografi_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-demografi_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-demografi_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNüfus_Sayımı2016">Nüfus Sayımı 2016</a>, s. 46.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120621155316/https://www.censtatd.gov.hk/hkstat/sub/so20.jsp">"Population - Overview | Census and Statistics Department"</a>. Censtatd.gov.hk. 21 Haziran 2012 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.censtatd.gov.hk/hkstat/sub/so20.jsp">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 29 Mayıs 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Population+-+Overview+%26%23124%3B+Census+and+Statistics+Department&rft.pub=Censtatd.gov.hk&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.censtatd.gov.hk%2Fhkstat%2Fsub%2Fso20.jsp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPopulation_By-Census2016">Population By-Census 2016</a>, s. 34.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IMFWEOHK-12"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-IMFWEOHK_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IMFWEOHK_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IMFWEOHK_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IMFWEOHK_12-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IMFWEOHK_12-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2020/October/weo-report?c=532,&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&sy=2020&ey=2025&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1=">"World Economic Outlook Database, October 2020"</a>. <i>IMF.org</i>. <a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" class="mw-redirect" title="International Monetary Fund">International Monetary Fund</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">20 Ekim</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IMF.org&rft.atitle=World+Economic+Outlook+Database%2C+October+2020&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imf.org%2Fen%2FPublications%2FWEO%2Fweo-database%2F2020%2FOctober%2Fweo-report%3Fc%3D532%2C%26s%3DNGDPD%2CPPPGDP%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPPC%2C%26sy%3D2020%26ey%3D2025%26ssm%3D0%26scsm%3D1%26scc%3D0%26ssd%3D1%26ssc%3D0%26sic%3D0%26sort%3Dcountry%26ds%3D.%26br%3D1%3D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GiniRef-13"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-GiniRef_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GiniRef_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHousehold_Income_Distribution2016">Household Income Distribution 2016</a>, s. 7</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UNHDR-14"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-UNHDR_14-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201215063955/http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr2020.pdf">"Human Development Report 2020"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> (İngilizce). <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Development_Programme" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Development Programme">United Nations Development Programme</a>. 15 Aralık 2020. 15 Aralık 2020 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr2020.pdf">kaynağından</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 15 Aralık 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Human+Development+Report+2020&rft.pub=United+Nations+Development+Programme&rft.date=2020-12-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhdr.undp.org%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fhdr2020.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BasicLawA24-15"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-BasicLawA24_15-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTemel_Kanun_3._Bölüm">Temel Kanun 3. Bölüm</a> 24. Madde.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CarrollEarlyHistory-17"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-CarrollEarlyHistory_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CarrollEarlyHistory_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CarrollEarlyHistory_17-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCarroll2007">Carroll 2007</a>, ss. 15-21.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SecondOpiumWar-18"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-SecondOpiumWar_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SecondOpiumWar_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCarroll2007">Carroll 2007</a>, ss. 21-24.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NTLease-19"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-NTLease_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NTLease_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFScott1989">Scott 1989</a>, s. 6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTHandover-20"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTHandover_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTHandover_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGargan1997">Gargan 1997</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSino-British_Joint_Declaration">Sino-British Joint Declaration</a> Article 3</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGlobal_Financial_Centres_Index2017">Global Financial Centres Index 2017</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CIAExports-23"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-CIAExports_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIAExports_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIAExports_23-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2078rank.html">"Country Comparison: Exports"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_World_Factbook" title="The World Factbook">The World Factbook</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Merkezi_%C4%B0stihbarat_Te%C5%9Fkilat%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Merkezi İstihbarat Teşkilatı">Merkezi İstihbarat Teşkilatı</a>. 27 Nisan 2019 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190427111612/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2078rank.html">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">16 Haziran</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.atitle=Country+Comparison%3A+Exports&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Frankorder%2F2078rank.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CIAImports-24"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-CIAImports_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIAImports_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIAImports_24-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/Publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2087rank.html">"Country Comparison: Imports"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_World_Factbook" title="The World Factbook">The World Factbook</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Merkezi_%C4%B0stihbarat_Te%C5%9Fkilat%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Merkezi İstihbarat Teşkilatı">Merkezi İstihbarat Teşkilatı</a>. 4 Ekim 2008 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081004070323/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook//rankorder/2087rank.html">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">16 Haziran</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.atitle=Country+Comparison%3A+Imports&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2FPublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Frankorder%2F2087rank.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTriennial_Central_Bank_Survey2016">Triennial Central Bank Survey 2016</a>, s. 10.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLiu2018">Liu 2018</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFrank2018">Frank 2018</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2001rank.html">"Country Comparison: GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_World_Factbook" title="The World Factbook">The World Factbook</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Merkezi_%C4%B0stihbarat_Te%C5%9Fkilat%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Merkezi İstihbarat Teşkilatı">Merkezi İstihbarat Teşkilatı</a>. 4 Haziran 2011 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110604195034/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2001rank.html">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">15 Ocak</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.atitle=Country+Comparison%3A+GDP+%28Purchasing+Power+Parity%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Frankorder%2F2001rank.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cia-29"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-cia_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cia_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cia_29-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/hk.html">"Hong Kong"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_World_Factbook" title="The World Factbook">The World Factbook</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Merkezi_%C4%B0stihbarat_Te%C5%9Fkilat%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Merkezi İstihbarat Teşkilatı">Merkezi İstihbarat Teşkilatı</a>. 26 Temmuz 2019 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190726122006/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/hk.html">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">2 Ekim</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.atitle=Hong+Kong&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fgeos%2Fhk.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SkyscraperCenter-30"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-SkyscraperCenter_30-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SkyscraperCenter_30-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SkyscraperCenter_30-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.skyscrapercenter.com/city/hong-kong">"Hong Kong"</a>. <i>The Skyscraper Center</i> (İngilizce). <a href="/wiki/Council_on_Tall_Buildings_and_Urban_Habitat" title="Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat">Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat</a>. 11 Kasım 2017 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171111114955/http://www.skyscrapercenter.com/city/hong-kong">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">15 Ocak</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Skyscraper+Center&rft.atitle=Hong+Kong&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.skyscrapercenter.com%2Fcity%2Fhong-kong&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pubtransport-31"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-pubtransport_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pubtransport_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPublic_Transport_Strategy_Study2017">Public Transport Strategy Study 2017</a>, s. 1.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.longfinance.net/media/documents/GFCI_27_Full_Report_2020.03.26_v1.1_.pdf">"The Global Financial Centres Index 27"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. Long Finance. Mart 2020. 28 Mart 2020 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200328165551/https://www.longfinance.net/media/documents/GFCI_27_Full_Report_2020.03.26_v1.1_.pdf">arşivlendi</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">5 Nisan</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Global+Financial+Centres+Index+27&rft.pub=Long+Finance&rft.date=2020-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.longfinance.net%2Fmedia%2Fdocuments%2FGFCI_27_Full_Report_2020.03.26_v1.1_.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web">Ng, Abigail (30 Ocak 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnbc.com/2019/01/30/hong-kong-is-the-worlds-least-regulated-economy-despite-political-pressure.html">"Hong Kong tops 'economic freedom' chart despite political pressure from Beijing"</a>. CNBC. 30 Ocak 2019 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190130190641/https://www.cnbc.com/2019/01/30/hong-kong-is-the-worlds-least-regulated-economy-despite-political-pressure.html">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 20 Aralık 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hong+Kong+tops+%27economic+freedom%27+chart+despite+political+pressure+from+Beijing&rft.pub=CNBC&rft.date=2019-01-30&rft.aulast=Ng&rft.aufirst=Abigail&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnbc.com%2F2019%2F01%2F30%2Fhong-kong-is-the-worlds-least-regulated-economy-despite-political-pressure.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HerbariumName-34"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-HerbariumName_34-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HerbariumName_34-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.herbarium.gov.hk/SpecialTopicsDetails.aspx?oneId=10&SectionId=1">"Aquilaria sinensis and origin of the name of Hong Kong"</a>. Hong Kong Herbarium. 1 Aralık 2017 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171201040456/http://www.herbarium.gov.hk/SpecialTopicsDetails.aspx?oneId=10&SectionId=1">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 21 Kasım 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Aquilaria+sinensis+and+origin+of+the+name+of+Hong+Kong&rft.pub=Hong+Kong+Herbarium&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.herbarium.gov.hk%2FSpecialTopicsDetails.aspx%3FoneId%3D10%26SectionId%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CarrollHKName-35"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-CarrollHKName_35-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CarrollHKName_35-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCarroll2007">Carroll 2007</a>, s. 1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEmpson1992">Empson 1992</a>, s. 94.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBishopRoberts1997">Bishop & Roberts 1997</a>, s. 218.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-etym-38"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-etym_38-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-etym_38-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRoom2005">Room 2005</a>, s. 168.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDavis1841">Davis 1841</a>, s. 6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEmpson1992">Empson 1992</a>, s. 96.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHong_Kong_Government_Gazette1926">Hong Kong Government Gazette 1926</a>, No. 479.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHSH_Annual_Report2017">HSH Annual Report 2017</a>, s. 6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HSBC-43"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-HSBC_43-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHSBC_Annual_Report2011">HSBC Annual Report 2011</a>, s. 2.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak akademik-dergi">Davis, Vin; Ixer, Rob (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://intarch.ac.uk/journal/issue26/davisixer_index.html">"The Petrology of the Wong Tei Tung Stone Tool Manufacturing Site, Sham Chung, Hong Kong Sar, China"</a>. <i>Internet Archaeology</i> (26). <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.11141/ia.26.8">10.11141/ia.26.8</a>. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_S%C3%BCreli_Yay%C4%B1n_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Süreli Yayın Numarası">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1363-5387">1363-5387</a>. 26 Mart 2023 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230326063250/https://intarch.ac.uk/journal/issue26/davisixer_index.html">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 4 Mayıs 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Petrology+of+the+Wong+Tei+Tung+Stone+Tool+Manufacturing+Site%2C+Sham+Chung%2C+Hong+Kong+Sar%2C+China&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.11141%2Fia.26.8&rft.issn=1363-5387&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=Vin&rft.au=Ixer%2C+Rob&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fintarch.ac.uk%2Fjournal%2Fissue26%2Fdavisixer_index.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Meacham2-45"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-Meacham2_45-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Meacham2_45-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMeacham1999">Meacham 1999</a>, s. 2.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Li38-46"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-Li38_46-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLi2012">Li 2012</a>, s. 38.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBanBanBan111">Ban, Ban & Ban 111</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-KeatGinOoi-48"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-KeatGinOoi_48-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKeat2004">Keat 2004</a>, s. 932.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCarroll2007">Carroll 2007</a>, s. 9.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Barber-50"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-Barber_50-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBarber2004">Barber 2004</a>, s. 48.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCarroll2007">Carroll 2007</a>, s. 10.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPorter1996">Porter 1996</a>, s. 63.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEdmonds2002">Edmonds 2002</a>, s. 1.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFvon_Glahn1996">von Glahn 1996</a>, s. 116.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWills1998">Wills 1998</a>, ss. 342-344.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFZhihong2006">Zhihong 2006</a>, ss. 8-9.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchottenhammer2007">Schottenhammer 2007</a>, s. 33.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></strong> <span 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class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSiuChung2017">Siu & Chung 2017</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDarrach2019">Darrach 2019</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EconomistRestoreCalm-90"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-EconomistRestoreCalm_90-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREF"To_restore_calm_in_Hong_Kong,_try_democracy",_The_Economist">"To restore calm in Hong Kong, try democracy", <i>The Economist</i></a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTamChanChoi_KwanLeung2012">Tam et al. 2012</a>, s. 80</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BasicLaw15-92"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-BasicLaw15_92-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BasicLaw15_92-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTamChanChoi_KwanLeung2012">Tam et al. 2012</a>, ss. 66, 80–81</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNg_Ka_Ling_and_Another_v_the_Director_of_Immigration"><i>Ng Ka Ling and Another v the Director of Immigration</i></a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTamChanChoi_KwanLeung2012">Tam et al. 2012</a>, s. 77</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFYoungCullen2010">Young & Cullen 2010</a>, s. 39.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAdaptation_of_Laws_Guidelines1998">Adaptation of Laws Guidelines 1998</a>, s. 7</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEmergency_Regulations_Ordinance">Emergency Regulations Ordinance</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTamChanChoi_KwanLeung2012">Tam et al. 2012</a>, s. 73</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gittings150-99"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-Gittings150_99-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gittings150_99-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGittings2009">Gittings 2009</a>, s. 150.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGittings2009">Gittings 2009</a>, s. 153.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFYoungCullen2010">Young & Cullen 2010</a>, ss. 13–16.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBasic_Law_Chapter_IV">Basic Law Chapter IV</a> Article 45.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAmendment_to_the_Basic_Law_Annex_I">Amendment to the Basic Law Annex I</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-overhaul_HK-104"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-overhaul_HK_104-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak haber"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-parliament-hongkong/chinas-parliament-moves-to-overhaul-hong-kongs-electoral-system-idUSKBN2B30RC">"China moves to overhaul Hong Kong politics, squeezing democratic opposition"</a>. <i>Reuters</i>. 11 Mart 2021. 12 Mart 2021 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210312063854/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-parliament-hongkong/chinas-parliament-moves-to-overhaul-hong-kongs-electoral-system-idUSKBN2B30RC">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">29 Nisan</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=China+moves+to+overhaul+Hong+Kong+politics%2C+squeezing+democratic+opposition&rft.date=2021-03-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-china-parliament-hongkong%2Fchinas-parliament-moves-to-overhaul-hong-kongs-electoral-system-idUSKBN2B30RC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LegCoVoting-105"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-LegCoVoting_105-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-LegCoVoting_105-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGuidelines_on_the_Legislative_Council_Election2016">Guidelines on the Legislative Council Election 2016</a>, ss. 3–4</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGuidelines_on_the_Legislative_Council_Election2016">Guidelines on the Legislative Council Election 2016</a>, ss. 3, 52–53</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLegCo_and_DC_Member_Political_Affiliations2017">LegCo and DC Member Political Affiliations 2017</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBushWhelan-Wuest2017">Bush & Whelan-Wuest 2017</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSala2016">Sala 2016</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NationalReps-110"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-NationalReps_110-0">^</a></strong> <span class="error mw-ext-cite-error" lang="tr" dir="ltr"><span style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 75%; color:inherit;">Kaynak hatası:</span> <span style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 75%; color:inherit;">Geçersiz <code><ref></code> etiketi; <code>NationalReps</code> isimli refler için metin sağlanmadı (Bkz: <a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:Kaynak_g%C3%B6sterme" title="Vikipedi:Kaynak gösterme">Kaynak gösterme</a>)</span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-111"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTamChanChoi_KwanLeung2012">Tam et al. 2012</a>, ss. 80–81</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGittings2009">Gittings 2009</a>, s. 148.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NPC_Observer-113"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-NPC_Observer_113-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npcobserver.com/2020/06/30/legislation-summary-hong-kong-national-security-law/">"Legislation Summary: Hong Kong National Security Law"</a>. <i>NPC Observer</i>. 30 Haziran 2020. 2 Temmuz 2020 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200702162405/https://npcobserver.com/2020/06/30/legislation-summary-hong-kong-national-security-law/">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">2 Temmuz</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NPC+Observer&rft.atitle=Legislation+Summary%3A+Hong+Kong+National+Security+Law&rft.date=2020-06-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnpcobserver.com%2F2020%2F06%2F30%2Flegislation-summary-hong-kong-national-security-law%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJordan1997">Jordan 1997</a>, s. 335.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HCAL185/2016-115"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-HCAL185/2016_115-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChief_Executive_of_the_Hong_Kong_Special_Administrative_Region_and_Another_v_the_President_of_the_Legislative_Council"><i>Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Another v the President of the Legislative Council</i></a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BasicLawA18-116"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-BasicLawA18_116-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBasic_Law_Chapter_II">Basic Law Chapter II</a> Article 18.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-district-117"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-district_117-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDistrict_Administration_Facts2016">District Administration Facts 2016</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDistrict_Councils_Ordinance">District Councils Ordinance</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFOwenShaw2007">Owen & Shaw 2007</a>, s. 13.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNüfus_Sayımı2016">Nüfus Sayımı 2016</a>, s. 34-35.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-reclamation-121"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-reclamation_121-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLand_Policy_Report2017">Land Policy Report 2017</a>, s. 1.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFOwenShaw2007">Owen & Shaw 2007</a>, s. 2.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREF"Land_Use_in_Hong_Kong_2017",_Planning_Department">"Land Use in Hong Kong 2017", Planning Department</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMortonHarper1995">Morton & Harper 1995</a>, s. 9.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHu2003">Hu 2003</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171115215525/https://www.gov.hk/en/residents/environment/conservation/naturalenvplantsanimals.htm">"The Natural Environment, Plants & Animals in Hong Kong"</a> (İngilizce). Hong Kong Government. 15 Kasım 2017 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.hk/en/residents/environment/conservation/naturalenvplantsanimals.htm">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 15 Kasım 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Natural+Environment%2C+Plants+%26+Animals+in+Hong+Kong&rft.pub=Hong+Kong+Government&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.hk%2Fen%2Fresidents%2Fenvironment%2Fconservation%2Fnaturalenvplantsanimals.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HKClimate-127"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-HKClimate_127-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hko.gov.hk/wxinfo/climat/climahk.htm">"Climate of Hong Kong"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong_G%C3%B6zlemevi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong Gözlemevi (sayfa mevcut değil)">Hong Kong Gözlemevi</a>. 2 Haziran 2017 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170602080336/http://www.hko.gov.hk/wxinfo/climat/climahk.htm">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 5 Eylül 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Climate+of+Hong+Kong&rft.pub=Hong+Kong+G%C3%B6zlemevi&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hko.gov.hk%2Fwxinfo%2Fclimat%2Fclimahk.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGeography_and_Climate2010">Geography and Climate 2010</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hko.gov.hk/cis/extreme/mon_extreme_e.htm">"Extreme Values and Dates of Occurrence of Extremes of Meteorological Elements between 1884 and 1939 and 1947-2017 for Hong Kong"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong_G%C3%B6zlemevi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong Gözlemevi (sayfa mevcut değil)">Hong Kong Gözlemevi</a>. 24 Mart 2018 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180324065716/http://www.hko.gov.hk/cis/extreme/mon_extreme_e.htm">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">25 Mart</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Extreme+Values+and+Dates+of+Occurrence+of+Extremes+of+Meteorological+Elements+between+1884+and+1939+and+1947-2017+for+Hong+Kong&rft.pub=Hong+Kong+G%C3%B6zlemevi&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hko.gov.hk%2Fcis%2Fextreme%2Fmon_extreme_e.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREF"HK_records_hottest_day_before_typhoon",_EJ_Insight">"HK records hottest day before typhoon", <i>EJ Insight</i></a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-met_norms-131"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-met_norms_131-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120329120011/http://www.weather.gov.hk/cis/normal/1981_2010/normals_e.htm">"Monthly Meteorological Normals for Hong Kong"</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong_G%C3%B6zlemevi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong Gözlemevi (sayfa mevcut değil)">Hong Kong Gözlemevi</a></i> (İngilizce). 29 Mart 2012 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.weather.gov.hk/cis/normal/1981_2010/normals_e.htm">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">3 Ocak</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hong+Kong+G%C3%B6zlemevi&rft.atitle=Monthly+Meteorological+Normals+for+Hong+Kong&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.weather.gov.hk%2Fcis%2Fnormal%2F1981_2010%2Fnormals_e.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-extremeshko-132"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-extremeshko_132-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hko.gov.hk/cis/extreme/mon_extreme_e.htm">"Extreme Values and Dates of Occurrence of Extremes of Meteorological Elements between 1884-1939 and 1947-2017 for Hong Kong"</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong_G%C3%B6zlemevi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong Gözlemevi (sayfa mevcut değil)">Hong Kong Gözlemevi</a></i>. 24 Mart 2006 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060324155318/http://www.hko.gov.hk/cis/extreme/mon_extreme_e.htm">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">29 Mart</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hong+Kong+G%C3%B6zlemevi&rft.atitle=Extreme+Values+and+Dates+of+Occurrence+of+Extremes+of+Meteorological+Elements+between+1884-1939+and+1947-2017+for+Hong+Kong&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hko.gov.hk%2Fcis%2Fextreme%2Fmon_extreme_e.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180623034606/https://www.emporis.com/statistics/skyline-ranking">"Skyline Ranking"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Emporis" title="Emporis">Emporis</a>. 23 Haziran 2018 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.emporis.com/statistics/skyline-ranking">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">24 Haziran</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Skyline+Ranking&rft.pub=Emporis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.emporis.com%2Fstatistics%2Fskyline-ranking&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTongWong1997">Tong & Wong 1997</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFForrestLa_GrangeYip2004">Forrest, La Grange & Yip 2004</a>, ss. 215, 222.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-136">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.emporis.com/statistics/worlds-tallest-buildings">"The World's Tallest Buildings"</a> (İngilizce). <a href="/wiki/Emporis" title="Emporis">Emporis</a>. 24 Haziran 2018 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180624121309/https://www.emporis.com/statistics/worlds-tallest-buildings">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">24 Haziran</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+World%27s+Tallest+Buildings&rft.pub=Emporis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.emporis.com%2Fstatistics%2Fworlds-tallest-buildings&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FengShui-137"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-FengShui_137-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FengShui_137-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKohlstedt2016">Kohlstedt 2016</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHollingsworthZheng2017">Hollingsworth & Zheng 2017</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFZheng2017">Zheng 2017</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMcKercherHodu_Cros2004">McKercher, Ho & du Cros 2004</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TourismFacts-141"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-TourismFacts_141-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TourismFacts_141-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTourism_Facts2016">Tourism Facts 2016</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-142">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBéthanie2015">Béthanie 2015</a>, s. 3.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-143">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFIngham2007">Ingham 2007</a>, s. 225.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-144">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDeclared_Monuments2007">Declared Monuments 2007</a>, ss. 5–6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-145"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-145">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFXue2016">Xue 2016</a>, s. 99.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-146">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFXue2016">Xue 2016</a>, s. 41.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nüfus-147"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-nüfus_147-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nüfus_147-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="error mw-ext-cite-error" lang="tr" dir="ltr"><span style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 75%; color:inherit;">Kaynak hatası:</span> <span style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 75%; color:inherit;">Geçersiz <code><ref></code> etiketi; <code>nüfus</code> isimli refler için metin sağlanmadı (Bkz: <a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:Kaynak_g%C3%B6sterme" title="Vikipedi:Kaynak gösterme">Kaynak gösterme</a>)</span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-148"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFan1974">Fan 1974</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-149"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-149">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCarroll2007">Carroll 2007</a>, ss. 144-147.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-150"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-150">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFYu2013">Yu 2013</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-151"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-151">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFErniLeung2014">Erni & Leung 2014</a>, ss. 18, 22.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-152"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-152">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBK_Dışişleri2014">BK Dışişleri 2014</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-153"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-153">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFInstrument_A2041996">Instrument A204 1996</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-154"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-154">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.POP.DNST?locations=HK">"Population density (people per sq. km of land area)"</a> (İngilizce). <a href="/wiki/D%C3%BCnya_Bankas%C4%B1" title="Dünya Bankası">Dünya Bankası</a> (The World Bank). 2018. 16 Mayıs 2020 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200516120537/https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.POP.DNST?locations=HK">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 9 Mayıs 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Population+density+%28people+per+sq.+km+of+land+area%29&rft.pub=D%C3%BCnya+Bankas%C4%B1+%28The+World+Bank%29&rft.date=2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.worldbank.org%2Findicator%2FEN.POP.DNST%3Flocations%3DHK&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-155"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-155">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLee2012">Lee 2012</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-156"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-156">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDeveloping_a_Supplementary_Guide_to_the_Chinese_Language_Curriculum_for_Non-Chinese_Speaking_Students2008">Developing a Supplementary Guide to the Chinese Language Curriculum for Non-Chinese Speaking Students 2008</a>, s. 9.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-religionFacts-157"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-religionFacts_157-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-religionFacts_157-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFReligion_and_Custom_Facts2016">Religion and Custom Facts 2016</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-158"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-158">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/355rank.html">"Life Expectancy at Birth"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_World_Factbook" title="The World Factbook">The World Factbook</a></i> (İngilizce). <a href="/wiki/Merkez%C3%AE_%C4%B0stihbarat_Te%C5%9Fkilat%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Merkezî İstihbarat Teşkilatı">Merkezî İstihbarat Teşkilatı</a> (CIA). 1 Şubat 2019 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190201031608/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/355rank.html">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 7 Şubat 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.atitle=Life+Expectancy+at+Birth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Ffields%2F355rank.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2017HealthFacts-159"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-2017HealthFacts_159-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHealth_Facts2017">Health Facts 2017</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-160"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-160">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWongYeohChauYam2015">Wong et al. 2015</a>, s. 262.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-161"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-161">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHousehold_Income_Distribution2016">Household Income Distribution 2016</a>, s. 1.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IncomeDistribution-162"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-IncomeDistribution_162-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IncomeDistribution_162-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHousehold_Income_Distribution2016">Household Income Distribution 2016</a>, s. 86.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-163"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-163">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDesjardins2018">Desjardins 2018</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-164"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-164">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHousehold_Income_Distribution2016">Household Income Distribution 2016</a>, s. 5.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-165"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-165">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFYauZhou2017">Yau & Zhou 2017</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-166"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-166">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHousehold_Income_Distribution2016">Household Income Distribution 2016</a>, s. 80.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-167"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-167">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJiangTangLawSze2003">Jiang et al. 2003</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-168"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-168">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121028215314/http://www.info.gov.hk/gia/general/201201/12/P201201120303.htm">"Hong Kong ranked world's freest economy for 18th consecutive year"</a>. Hong Kong Government. 12 Ocak 2012. 28 Ekim 2012 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.info.gov.hk/gia/general/201201/12/P201201120303.htm">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 28 Mayıs 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hong+Kong+ranked+world%27s+freest+economy+for+18th+consecutive+year&rft.pub=Hong+Kong+Government&rft.date=2012-01-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.info.gov.hk%2Fgia%2Fgeneral%2F201201%2F12%2FP201201120303.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-169"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-169">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.heritage.org/research/features/index/topten.cfm">"Top 10 Countries"</a>. The Heritage Foundation. 24 Ocak 2008 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080124041217/http://www.heritage.org/research/features/index/topten.cfm">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 1 Şubat 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Top+10+Countries&rft.pub=The+Heritage+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.heritage.org%2Fresearch%2Ffeatures%2Findex%2Ftopten.cfm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-170"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-170">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHKSE_Market_Statistics2018">HKSE Market Statistics 2018</a>, s. 2.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LegcoEconomy-171"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-LegcoEconomy_171-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEconomic_Statistical_Highlights2017">Economic Statistical Highlights 2017</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-172"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-172">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPark2019">Park 2019</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-173"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-173">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aci.aero/Data-Centre/Annual-Traffic-Data/Cargo/2016-final-summary">"Cargo Traffic 2016"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Airports_Council_International&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Airports Council International (sayfa mevcut değil)">Airports Council International</a>. 1 Ocak 2018. 12 Haziran 2018 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180612141937/http://www.aci.aero/Data-Centre/Annual-Traffic-Data/Cargo/2016-final-summary">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">7 Haziran</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cargo+Traffic+2016&rft.pub=Airports+Council+International&rft.date=2018-01-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aci.aero%2FData-Centre%2FAnnual-Traffic-Data%2FCargo%2F2016-final-summary&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-174"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-174">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak akademik-dergi">Lam, Jasmine Siu Lee; Cullinane, Kevin Patrick Brendan; Lee, Paul Tae-Woo (3 Mayıs 2018). "The 21st-century Maritime Silk Road: challenges and opportunities for transport management and practice". <i>Transport Reviews</i>. <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. <b>38</b> (4): 413-415. <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080/01441647.2018.1453562">10.1080/01441647.2018.1453562</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+21st-century+Maritime+Silk+Road%3A+challenges+and+opportunities+for+transport+management+and+practice&rft.pages=413-415&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2018-05-03&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F01441647.2018.1453562&rft.aulast=Lam&rft.aufirst=Jasmine+Siu+Lee&rft.au=Cullinane%2C+Kevin+Patrick+Brendan&rft.au=Lee%2C+Paul+Tae-Woo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-175"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-175">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKong2013">Kong 2013</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-176"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-176">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAgriculture_and_Fisheries_Facts2017">Agriculture and Fisheries Facts 2017</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-177"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-177">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEconomy_Facts2016">Economy Facts 2016</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-178"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-178">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPrestonHaacke2003">Preston & Haacke 2003</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-179"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-179">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFYeung2008">Yeung 2008</a>, s. 16.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-180"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-180">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREF"HK_vs_China_GDP:_A_sobering_reality",_EJ_Insight">"HK vs China GDP: A sobering reality", <i>EJ Insight</i></a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-181"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-181">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLungSung2010">Lung & Sung 2010</a>, s. 5.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HZMBridge-182"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-HZMBridge_182-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGriffithsLazarus2018">Griffiths & Lazarus 2018</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MainlandCEPA-183"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-MainlandCEPA_183-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171226131207/https://www.tid.gov.hk/english/cepa/legaltext/cepa_legaltext.html">"Mainland and Hong Kong Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement (CEPA)"</a> (İngilizce). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong_Ticaret_ve_Sanayi_Bakanl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong Ticaret ve Sanayi Bakanlığı (sayfa mevcut değil)">Hong Kong Ticaret ve Sanayi Bakanlığı</a>. 31 Ekim 2017. 26 Aralık 2017 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tid.gov.hk/english/cepa/legaltext/cepa_legaltext.html">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 26 Aralık 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mainland+and+Hong+Kong+Closer+Economic+Partnership+Arrangement+%28CEPA%29&rft.pub=Hong+Kong+Ticaret+ve+Sanayi+Bakanl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1&rft.date=2017-10-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tid.gov.hk%2Fenglish%2Fcepa%2Flegaltext%2Fcepa_legaltext.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-184"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-184">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171229113132/https://www.tid.gov.hk/english/ita/fta/hkmacao/index.html">"Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement (HK-Macao CEPA)"</a> (İngilizce). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong_Ticaret_ve_Sanayi_Bakanl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong Ticaret ve Sanayi Bakanlığı (sayfa mevcut değil)">Hong Kong Ticaret ve Sanayi Bakanlığı</a>. 17 Kasım 2017. 29 Aralık 2017 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tid.gov.hk/english/ita/fta/hkmacao/index.html">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 28 Aralık 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hong+Kong+Special+Administrative+Region+and+Macao+Special+Administrative+Region+Closer+Economic+Partnership+Arrangement+%28HK-Macao+CEPA%29&rft.pub=Hong+Kong+Ticaret+ve+Sanayi+Bakanl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1&rft.date=2017-11-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tid.gov.hk%2Fenglish%2Fita%2Ffta%2Fhkmacao%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-185"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-185">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBaldwinLeeJim2014">Baldwin, Lee & Jim 2014</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-186"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-186">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLamQiu2017">Lam & Qiu 2017</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Commons5R18-187"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-Commons5R18_187-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Commons5R18_187-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHouse_of_Commons_Foreign_Affairs_Committee_Tenth_Report2015">House of Commons Foreign Affairs Committee Tenth Report 2015</a>, s. 18.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-188"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-188">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCushman_&_Wakefield_RHQ_Report2016">Cushman & Wakefield RHQ Report 2016</a>, s. 8.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-189"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-189">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHouse_of_Commons_Foreign_Affairs_Committee_Tenth_Report2015">House of Commons Foreign Affairs Committee Tenth Report 2015</a>, ss. 18–19.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ceo-190"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-ceo_190-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ceo_190-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak basın-açıklaması">Tsang, Donald (18 Eylül 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ceo.gov.hk/archive/2012/eng/press/oped.htm">"Big Market, Small Government"</a> (Basın açıklaması) (İngilizce). Hong Kong Hükûmeti. 12 Haziran 2018 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180612235339/https://www.ceo.gov.hk/archive/2012/eng/press/oped.htm">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">8 Haziran</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Big+Market%2C+Small+Government&rft.pub=Hong+Kong+H%C3%BCk%C3%BBmeti&rft.date=2006-09-18&rft.aulast=Tsang&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ceo.gov.hk%2Farchive%2F2012%2Feng%2Fpress%2Foped.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EconomistEnd-191"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-EconomistEnd_191-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREF"End_of_an_experiment",_The_Economist">"End of an experiment", <i>The Economist</i></a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-192"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-192">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWTO2017">WTO 2017</a>, s. 6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-193"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-193">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180113110140/https://www.mercer.com/newsroom/cost-of-living-2017.html">"Despite worldwide changes, multinationals focus on mobile workforces to support career growth and ensure competitiveness"</a> (İngilizce). New York: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mercer_(consulting_firm)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mercer (consulting firm) (sayfa mevcut değil)">Mercer</a>. 21 Haziran 2017. 13 Ocak 2018 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mercer.com/newsroom/cost-of-living-2017.html">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 26 Aralık 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Despite+worldwide+changes%2C+multinationals+focus+on+mobile+workforces+to+support+career+growth+and+ensure+competitiveness&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Mercer&rft.date=2017-06-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mercer.com%2Fnewsroom%2Fcost-of-living-2017.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-194"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-194">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110725215323/http://www.mercer.com/costoflivingpr">"Worldwide Cost of Living survey 2009"</a> (İngilizce). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mercer_(consulting_firm)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mercer (consulting firm) (sayfa mevcut değil)">Mercer</a>. 29 Haziran 2010. 25 Temmuz 2011 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mercer.com/costoflivingpr#Top_50">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 25 Ağustos 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Worldwide+Cost+of+Living+survey+2009&rft.pub=Mercer&rft.date=2010-06-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mercer.com%2Fcostoflivingpr%23Top_50&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-195"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-195">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak haber"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/business/aerospace-defense/virgin-atlantic-drops-hong-kong-route-after-nearly-30-years-2022-10-05/">"Virgin Atlantic drops Hong Kong route after nearly 30 years"</a>. <i>Reuters</i>. 5 Ekim 2022. 26 Mart 2023 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230326033254/https://www.reuters.com/business/aerospace-defense/virgin-atlantic-drops-hong-kong-route-after-nearly-30-years-2022-10-05/">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">28 Nisan</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Virgin+Atlantic+drops+Hong+Kong+route+after+nearly+30+years&rft.date=2022-10-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fbusiness%2Faerospace-defense%2Fvirgin-atlantic-drops-hong-kong-route-after-nearly-30-years-2022-10-05%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-196"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-196">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web">Kam, Goh Chiew Tong,Vivian. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230203103636/https://www.cnbc.com/2023/02/03/hong-kong-to-give-away-half-a-million-air-tickets-to-boost-tourism.html">"Hong Kong will give away half a million plane tickets. Here's who can get them first"</a>. <i>CNBC</i> (İngilizce). 3 Şubat 2023 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnbc.com/2023/02/03/hong-kong-to-give-away-half-a-million-air-tickets-to-boost-tourism.html">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 22 Şubat 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNBC&rft.atitle=Hong+Kong+will+give+away+half+a+million+plane+tickets.+Here%27s+who+can+get+them+first&rft.aulast=Kam&rft.aufirst=Goh+Chiew+Tong%2CVivian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnbc.com%2F2023%2F02%2F03%2Fhong-kong-to-give-away-half-a-million-air-tickets-to-boost-tourism.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-197"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-197">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPoonChau2001">Poon & Chau 2001</a>, s. 102.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RailwayFacts-198"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-RailwayFacts_198-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRailway_Network_Facts2018">Railway Network Facts 2018</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LegcoTransport-199"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-LegcoTransport_199-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTransport_Statistical_Highlights2016">Transport Statistical Highlights 2016</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-200"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-200">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFReport_on_Rail_Service2014">Report on Rail Service 2014</a>, s. 1.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-劉-201"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-劉_201-0">^</a></strong> <span class="error mw-ext-cite-error" lang="tr" dir="ltr"><span style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 75%; color:inherit;">Kaynak hatası:</span> <span style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 75%; color:inherit;">Geçersiz <code><ref></code> etiketi; <code>劉</code> isimli refler için metin sağlanmadı (Bkz: <a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:Kaynak_g%C3%B6sterme" title="Vikipedi:Kaynak gösterme">Kaynak gösterme</a>)</span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-統計2015-202"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-統計2015_202-0">^</a></strong> <span class="error mw-ext-cite-error" lang="tr" dir="ltr"><span style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 75%; color:inherit;">Kaynak hatası:</span> <span style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 75%; color:inherit;">Geçersiz <code><ref></code> etiketi; <code>統計2015</code> isimli refler için metin sağlanmadı (Bkz: <a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:Kaynak_g%C3%B6sterme" title="Vikipedi:Kaynak gösterme">Kaynak gösterme</a>)</span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-203"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-203">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hongkongairport.com/chi/media/press-releases/pr_1055.html">"2011年客運量及飛機起降量創新紀錄"</a>. Hongkongairport.com. 3 Ocak 2017 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170103093547/http://www.hongkongairport.com/chi/media/press-releases/pr_1055.html">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 23 Mayıs 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2011%E5%B9%B4%E5%AE%A2%E9%81%8B%E9%87%8F%E5%8F%8A%E9%A3%9B%E6%A9%9F%E8%B5%B7%E9%99%8D%E9%87%8F%E5%89%B5%E6%96%B0%E7%B4%80%E9%8C%84&rft.pub=Hongkongairport.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hongkongairport.com%2Fchi%2Fmedia%2Fpress-releases%2Fpr_1055.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-204"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-204">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHKIA_Annual_Report2017">HKIA Annual Report 2017</a>, s. 152.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-205"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-205">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNY/NJ_Port_Authority_Airport_Traffic2017">NY/NJ Port Authority Airport Traffic 2017</a>, s. 32.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-206"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-206">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNY/NJ_Port_Authority_Airport_Traffic2017">NY/NJ Port Authority Airport Traffic 2017</a>, s. 58.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-207"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-207">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCarroll2007">Carroll 2007</a>, s. 169.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-208"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-208">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCarroll2007">Carroll 2007</a>, ss. 167–172.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-209"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-209">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHe2013">He 2013</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-210"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-210">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTam2017">Tam 2017</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-211"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-211">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLam2015">Lam 2015</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-212"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-212">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hkupop.hku.hk/english/release/release1563.html">"HKU POP releases survey on Hong Kong people's ethnic identity and the 2018 review and 2019 forecast survey"</a> (İngilizce). Public Opinion Programme, University of Hong Kong. 27 Aralık 2018. 27 Mart 2019 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190327090214/https://www.hkupop.hku.hk/english/release/release1563.html">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">26 Ocak</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=HKU+POP+releases+survey+on+Hong+Kong+people%27s+ethnic+identity+and+the+2018+review+and+2019+forecast+survey&rft.pub=Public+Opinion+Programme%2C+University+of+Hong+Kong&rft.date=2018-12-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hkupop.hku.hk%2Fenglish%2Frelease%2Frelease1563.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-213"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-213">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFamily_Survey2013">Family Survey 2013</a>, ss. 12–13.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-214"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-214">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNüfus_Sayımı2016">Nüfus Sayımı 2016</a>, s. 77.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-215"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-215">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFowlerFowler2008">Fowler & Fowler 2008</a>, s. 263.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-216"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-216">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFXiIngham2003">Xi & Ingham 2003</a>, s. 181.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-217"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-217">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChanChow2006">Chan & Chow 2006</a>, s. 3.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliyografya">Bibliyografya</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Bibliyografya" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=20" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Bibliyografya"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Basılı_kaynaklar"><span id="Bas.C4.B1l.C4.B1_kaynaklar"></span>Basılı kaynaklar</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&veaction=edit&section=21" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Basılı kaynaklar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=21" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Basılı kaynaklar"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r24952096">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-100{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns dl,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ol,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="refbegin reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 35em; -webkit-column-width: 35em; column-width: 35em;"> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFBanBanBan111" class="kaynak kitap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ban_Biao&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ban Biao (sayfa mevcut değil)">Ban, Biao 班彪</a>; <a href="/wiki/Ban_Gu" title="Ban Gu">Ban, Gu 班固</a>; <a href="/wiki/Ban_Zhao" title="Ban Zhao">Ban, Zhao 班昭</a> (111). <bdi lang="zh">地理志</bdi> [Coğrafya incelemesi]. <i><a href="/wiki/Hanshu" title="Hanshu">Hanshu</a></i> (Çince). <b>28</b>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC" title="OCLC">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/4342548">4342548</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%BF%97&rft.btitle=Hanshu&rft.date=111&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F4342548&rft.aulast=Ban&rft.aufirst=Biao+%E7%8F%AD%E5%BD%AA&rft.au=Ban%2C+Gu+%E7%8F%AD%E5%9B%BA&rft.au=Ban%2C+Zhao+%E7%8F%AD%E6%98%AD&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBarber2004" class="kaynak kitap">Barber, Nicola (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xY3y9kR5EOgC"><i>Hong Kong</i></a> (İngilizce). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gareth_Stevens&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gareth Stevens (sayfa mevcut değil)">Gareth Stevens</a>. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0-8368-5198-4" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0-8368-5198-4">978-0-8368-5198-4</a>. 22 Mayıs 2020 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200522050336/https://books.google.com/books?id=xY3y9kR5EOgC">arşivlendi</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hong+Kong&rft.pub=Gareth+Stevens&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-8368-5198-4&rft.aulast=Barber&rft.aufirst=Nicola&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DxY3y9kR5EOgC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBuckley1997" class="kaynak kitap">Buckley, Roger (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/hongkongroadto190000buck"><i>Hong Kong: The Road to 1997</i></a> (İngilizce). <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0-521-46979-1" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0-521-46979-1">978-0-521-46979-1</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hong+Kong%3A+The+Road+to+1997&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-0-521-46979-1&rft.aulast=Buckley&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhongkongroadto190000buck&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFCarroll2007" class="kaynak kitap">Carroll, John (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=D37ijXG-FykC"><i>A Concise History of Hong Kong</i></a> (İngilizce). Rowman & Littlefield. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0-7425-3422-3" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0-7425-3422-3">978-0-7425-3422-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Concise+History+of+Hong+Kong&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-7425-3422-3&rft.aulast=Carroll&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DD37ijXG-FykC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFChanChow2006" class="kaynak kitap">Chan, Cecilia; Chow, Amy (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books/about/Death_Dying_and_Bereavement.html?id=tzUvGEw7Z0AC"><i>Death, Dying and Bereavement: a Hong Kong Chinese Experience</i></a> (İngilizce). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong University Press (sayfa mevcut değil)">Hong Kong University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-962-209-787-2" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-962-209-787-2">978-962-209-787-2</a>. 22 Mayıs 2020 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200522050446/https://books.google.com/books/about/Death_Dying_and_Bereavement.html?id=tzUvGEw7Z0AC">arşivlendi</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Death%2C+Dying+and+Bereavement%3A+a+Hong+Kong+Chinese+Experience&rft.pub=Hong+Kong+University+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-962-209-787-2&rft.aulast=Chan&rft.aufirst=Cecilia&rft.au=Chow%2C+Amy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%2Fabout%2FDeath_Dying_and_Bereavement.html%3Fid%3DtzUvGEw7Z0AC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFChu2005" class="kaynak kitap">Chu, Cindy Yik-yi (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=PUfHAAAAQBAJ"><i>Foreign Communities in Hong Kong, 1840s-1950s</i></a> (İngilizce). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Palgrave_Macmillan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palgrave Macmillan (sayfa mevcut değil)">Palgrave Macmillan</a>. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-1-4039-8055-7" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-1-4039-8055-7">978-1-4039-8055-7</a>. 22 Mayıs 2020 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200522050215/https://books.google.com/books?id=PUfHAAAAQBAJ">arşivlendi</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Foreign+Communities+in+Hong+Kong%2C+1840s-1950s&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-1-4039-8055-7&rft.aulast=Chu&rft.aufirst=Cindy+Yik-yi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPUfHAAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFCourtauldHoldsworthVickers1997" class="kaynak kitap">Courtauld, Caroline; Holdsworth, May; Vickers, Simon (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books/about/The_Hong_Kong_Story.html?id=g6pwAAAAMAAJ"><i>The Hong Kong Story</i></a> (İngilizce). <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0-19-590353-9" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0-19-590353-9">978-0-19-590353-9</a>. 22 Mayıs 2020 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200522050450/https://books.google.com/books/about/The_Hong_Kong_Story.html?id=g6pwAAAAMAAJ">arşivlendi</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Hong+Kong+Story&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-0-19-590353-9&rft.aulast=Courtauld&rft.aufirst=Caroline&rft.au=Holdsworth%2C+May&rft.au=Vickers%2C+Simon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%2Fabout%2FThe_Hong_Kong_Story.html%3Fid%3Dg6pwAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFDodsworthMihaljek1997" class="kaynak kitap">Dodsworth, John; Mihaljek, Dubravko (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books/about/Hong_Kong_China.html?id=6csHC4xlmFAC"><i>Hong Kong, China: Growth, Structural Change, and Economic Stability During the Transition</i></a> (İngilizce). <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Para_Fonu" title="Uluslararası Para Fonu">Uluslararası Para Fonu</a>. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-1-55775-672-5" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-1-55775-672-5">978-1-55775-672-5</a>. 22 Mayıs 2020 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200522050452/https://books.google.com/books/about/Hong_Kong_China.html?id=6csHC4xlmFAC">arşivlendi</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hong+Kong%2C+China%3A+Growth%2C+Structural+Change%2C+and+Economic+Stability+During+the+Transition&rft.pub=Uluslararas%C4%B1+Para+Fonu&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-1-55775-672-5&rft.aulast=Dodsworth&rft.aufirst=John&rft.au=Mihaljek%2C+Dubravko&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%2Fabout%2FHong_Kong_China.html%3Fid%3D6csHC4xlmFAC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFEdmonds2002" class="kaynak kitap">Edmonds, Richard L. (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books/about/China_and_Europe_Since_1978.html?id=mXoFscQ2QwsC"><i>China and Europe Since 1978: A European Perspective</i></a> (İngilizce). <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0-521-52403-2" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0-521-52403-2">978-0-521-52403-2</a>. 22 Mayıs 2020 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200522050422/https://books.google.com/books/about/China_and_Europe_Since_1978.html?id=mXoFscQ2QwsC">arşivlendi</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=China+and+Europe+Since+1978%3A+A+European+Perspective&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-521-52403-2&rft.aulast=Edmonds&rft.aufirst=Richard+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%2Fabout%2FChina_and_Europe_Since_1978.html%3Fid%3DmXoFscQ2QwsC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFErniLeung2014" class="kaynak kitap">Erni, John Nguyet; Leung, Lisa Yuk-ming (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VjWdAwAAQBAJ"><i>Understanding South Asian Minorities in Hong Kong</i></a> (İngilizce). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong University Press (sayfa mevcut değil)">Hong Kong University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-988-8208-34-0" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-988-8208-34-0">978-988-8208-34-0</a>. 22 Mayıs 2020 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200522050224/https://books.google.com/books?id=VjWdAwAAQBAJ">arşivlendi</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Understanding+South+Asian+Minorities+in+Hong+Kong&rft.pub=Hong+Kong+University+Press&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-988-8208-34-0&rft.aulast=Erni&rft.aufirst=John+Nguyet&rft.au=Leung%2C+Lisa+Yuk-ming&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVjWdAwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFFowlerFowler2008" class="kaynak kitap">Fowler, Jeaneane D.; Fowler, Merv (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rpJNfIAZltoC"><i>Chinese Religions: Beliefs and Practices</i></a> (İngilizce). Sussex Academic Press. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-1-84519-172-6" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-1-84519-172-6">978-1-84519-172-6</a>. 22 Mayıs 2020 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200522050242/https://books.google.com/books?id=rpJNfIAZltoC">arşivlendi</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Chinese+Religions%3A+Beliefs+and+Practices&rft.pub=Sussex+Academic+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-1-84519-172-6&rft.aulast=Fowler&rft.aufirst=Jeaneane+D.&rft.au=Fowler%2C+Merv&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrpJNfIAZltoC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFHoeRoebuck1999" class="kaynak kitap">Hoe, Susanna; Roebuck, Derek (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books/about/The_Taking_of_Hong_Kong.html?id=qYZqvwNUR_gC"><i>The Taking of Hong Kong: Charles and Clara Elliot in China Waters</i></a> (İngilizce). <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0-7007-1145-1" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0-7007-1145-1">978-0-7007-1145-1</a>. 22 Mayıs 2020 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200522071203/https://books.google.com/books/about/The_Taking_of_Hong_Kong.html?id=qYZqvwNUR_gC">arşivlendi</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Taking+of+Hong+Kong%3A+Charles+and+Clara+Elliot+in+China+Waters&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-7007-1145-1&rft.aulast=Hoe&rft.aufirst=Susanna&rft.au=Roebuck%2C+Derek&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%2Fabout%2FThe_Taking_of_Hong_Kong.html%3Fid%3DqYZqvwNUR_gC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFHu2003" class="kaynak kitap">Hu, Qi-ming (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200522050108/https://www.herbarium.gov.hk/PublicationsPreface.aspx?BookNameId=1&SectionId=1&ContentId=1">"Preface"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.herbarium.gov.hk/PublicationsPreface.aspx?BookNameId=1&SectionId=1&ContentId=1"><i>Rare and Precious Plants of Hong Kong</i></a> (İngilizce). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture,_Fisheries_and_Conservation_Department&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department (sayfa mevcut değil)">Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department</a>. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-988-201-616-3" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-988-201-616-3">978-988-201-616-3</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC" title="OCLC">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/491712858">491712858</a>. 22 Mayıs 2020 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.herbarium.gov.hk/PublicationsPreface.aspx?BookNameId=1&SectionId=2&ContentId=2">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Preface&rft.btitle=Rare+and+Precious+Plants+of+Hong+Kong&rft.pub=Agriculture%2C+Fisheries+and+Conservation+Department&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F491712858&rft.isbn=978-988-201-616-3&rft.aulast=Hu&rft.aufirst=Qi-ming&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.herbarium.gov.hk%2FPublicationsPreface.aspx%3FBookNameId%3D1%26SectionId%3D2%26ContentId%3D2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFIngham2007" class="kaynak kitap">Ingham, Michael (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kwcSDAAAQBAJ"><i>Hong Kong: A Cultural History</i></a> (İngilizce). <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0-19-531496-0" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0-19-531496-0">978-0-19-531496-0</a>. 22 Mayıs 2020 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200522050243/https://books.google.com/books?id=kwcSDAAAQBAJ">arşivlendi</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hong+Kong%3A+A+Cultural+History&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-19-531496-0&rft.aulast=Ingham&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DkwcSDAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFKeat2004" class="kaynak kitap">Keat, Ooi Gin (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QKgraWbb7yoC"><i>Southeast Asia: A Historical Encyclopedia</i></a> (İngilizce). <a href="/wiki/ABC-CLIO" title="ABC-CLIO">ABC-CLIO</a>. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-1-57607-770-2" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-1-57607-770-2">978-1-57607-770-2</a>. 10 Mayıs 2016 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160510224605/https://books.google.com/books?id=QKgraWbb7yoC">arşivlendi</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Southeast+Asia%3A+A+Historical+Encyclopedia&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-1-57607-770-2&rft.aulast=Keat&rft.aufirst=Ooi+Gin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQKgraWbb7yoC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFLam2015" class="kaynak kitap">Lam, Wai-man (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YhXICQAAQBAJ"><i>Understanding the Political Culture of Hong Kong: The Paradox of Activism and Depoliticization: The Paradox of Activism and Depoliticization</i></a> (İngilizce). Routledge. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-1-317-45301-7" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-1-317-45301-7">978-1-317-45301-7</a>. 22 Mayıs 2020 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200522050431/https://books.google.com/books?id=YhXICQAAQBAJ">arşivlendi</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Understanding+the+Political+Culture+of+Hong+Kong%3A+The+Paradox+of+Activism+and+Depoliticization%3A+The+Paradox+of+Activism+and+Depoliticization&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-1-317-45301-7&rft.aulast=Lam&rft.aufirst=Wai-man&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DYhXICQAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFLee2006" class="kaynak kitap">Lee, S.H. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books/about/SARS_in_China_and_Hong_Kong.html?id=7YgpNtIL1VwC"><i>SARS in China and Hong Kong</i></a> (İngilizce). Nova Science Publishers. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-1-59454-678-5" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-1-59454-678-5">978-1-59454-678-5</a>. 22 Mayıs 2020 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200522050227/https://books.google.com/books/about/SARS_in_China_and_Hong_Kong.html?id=7YgpNtIL1VwC">arşivlendi</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=SARS+in+China+and+Hong+Kong&rft.pub=Nova+Science+Publishers&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-1-59454-678-5&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=S.H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%2Fabout%2FSARS_in_China_and_Hong_Kong.html%3Fid%3D7YgpNtIL1VwC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFLeung2016" class="kaynak kitap">Leung, Julian Y.M. (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=SckYDQAAQBAJ">"Education in Hong Kong and China: Towards Convergence?"</a>. Chan, Ming K.; Postiglione, Gerard A. (Ed.). <i>The Hong Kong Reader: Passage to Chinese Sovereignty: Passage to Chinese Sovereignty</i> (İngilizce). <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-1-315-48835-6" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-1-315-48835-6">978-1-315-48835-6</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Education+in+Hong+Kong+and+China%3A+Towards+Convergence%3F&rft.btitle=The+Hong+Kong+Reader%3A+Passage+to+Chinese+Sovereignty%3A+Passage+to+Chinese+Sovereignty&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-1-315-48835-6&rft.aulast=Leung&rft.aufirst=Julian+Y.M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DSckYDQAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFLi2012" class="kaynak kitap">Li, Guo (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hQ6lGvyMZMMC">"A Site Catchment Analysis of Hong Kong's Neolithic Subsistence"</a>. Cheng, Pei-kai; Fan, Ka Wai (Ed.). <i>New Perspectives on the Research of Chinese Culture</i> (İngilizce). Springer. ss. 17-43. <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-4021-78-4_2">10.1007/978-981-4021-78-4_2</a>. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-981-4021-77-7" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-981-4021-77-7">978-981-4021-77-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=A+Site+Catchment+Analysis+of+Hong+Kong%27s+Neolithic+Subsistence&rft.btitle=New+Perspectives+on+the+Research+of+Chinese+Culture&rft.pages=17-43&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2012&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2F978-981-4021-78-4_2&rft.isbn=978-981-4021-77-7&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Guo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DhQ6lGvyMZMMC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFMortonHarper1995" class="kaynak kitap">Morton, Brian; Harper, Elizabeth (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books/about/An_Introduction_to_the_Cape_D_Aguilar_Ma.html?id=LNCYHVVcM8IC"><i>An Introduction to the Cape d'Aguilar Marine Reserve, Hong Kong</i></a> (İngilizce). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong University Press (sayfa mevcut değil)">Hong Kong University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-962-209-388-1" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-962-209-388-1">978-962-209-388-1</a>. 22 Mayıs 2020 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200522050507/https://books.google.com/books/about/An_Introduction_to_the_Cape_D_Aguilar_Ma.html?id=LNCYHVVcM8IC">arşivlendi</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+Introduction+to+the+Cape+d%27Aguilar+Marine+Reserve%2C+Hong+Kong&rft.pub=Hong+Kong+University+Press&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-962-209-388-1&rft.aulast=Morton&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.au=Harper%2C+Elizabeth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%2Fabout%2FAn_Introduction_to_the_Cape_D_Aguilar_Ma.html%3Fid%3DLNCYHVVcM8IC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFOwenShaw2007" class="kaynak kitap">Owen, Bernie; Shaw, Raynor (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4sO5vlJ7ETcC"><i>Hong Kong Landscapes: Shaping the Barren Rock</i></a> (İngilizce). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong University Press (sayfa mevcut değil)">Hong Kong University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-962-209-847-3" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-962-209-847-3">978-962-209-847-3</a>. 22 Mayıs 2020 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200522050448/https://books.google.com/books?id=4sO5vlJ7ETcC">arşivlendi</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hong+Kong+Landscapes%3A+Shaping+the+Barren+Rock&rft.pub=Hong+Kong+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-962-209-847-3&rft.aulast=Owen&rft.aufirst=Bernie&rft.au=Shaw%2C+Raynor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4sO5vlJ7ETcC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFPorter1996" class="kaynak kitap">Porter, Jonathan (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books/about/Macau.html?id=gsC6AAAAIAAJ"><i>Macau, the Imaginary City: Culture and Society, 1557 to the Present</i></a> (İngilizce). <a href="/wiki/Westview_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Westview Press">Westview Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0-8133-2836-2" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0-8133-2836-2">978-0-8133-2836-2</a>. 22 Mayıs 2020 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200522050436/https://books.google.com/books/about/Macau.html?id=gsC6AAAAIAAJ">arşivlendi</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Macau%2C+the+Imaginary+City%3A+Culture+and+Society%2C+1557+to+the+Present&rft.pub=Westview+Press&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-0-8133-2836-2&rft.aulast=Porter&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%2Fabout%2FMacau.html%3Fid%3DgsC6AAAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFPrestonHaacke2003" class="kaynak kitap">Preston, Peter Wallace; Haacke, Jürgen (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Q79VGofCqIgC"><i>Contemporary China: The Dynamics of Change at the Start of the New Millennium</i></a> (İngilizce). RoutledgeCurzon. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0-7007-1637-1" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0-7007-1637-1">978-0-7007-1637-1</a>. 22 Mayıs 2020 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200522071142/https://books.google.com/books?id=Q79VGofCqIgC">arşivlendi</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Contemporary+China%3A+The+Dynamics+of+Change+at+the+Start+of+the+New+Millennium&rft.pub=RoutledgeCurzon&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-7007-1637-1&rft.aulast=Preston&rft.aufirst=Peter+Wallace&rft.au=Haacke%2C+J%C3%BCrgen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQ79VGofCqIgC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFSchottenhammer2007" class="kaynak kitap">Schottenhammer, Angela (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Ga-5mPOr2-wC"><i>The East Asian Maritime World 1400-1800: Its Fabrics of Power and Dynamics of Exchanges</i></a> (İngilizce). <a href="/wiki/Harrassowitz_Verlag" title="Harrassowitz Verlag">Harrassowitz Verlag</a>. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-3-447-05474-4" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-3-447-05474-4">978-3-447-05474-4</a>. 22 Mayıs 2020 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200522050435/https://books.google.com/books?id=Ga-5mPOr2-wC">arşivlendi</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+East+Asian+Maritime+World+1400-1800%3A+Its+Fabrics+of+Power+and+Dynamics+of+Exchanges&rft.pub=Harrassowitz+Verlag&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-3-447-05474-4&rft.aulast=Schottenhammer&rft.aufirst=Angela&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DGa-5mPOr2-wC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFScott1989" class="kaynak kitap">Scott, Ian (1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books/about/Political_Change_and_the_Crisis_of_Legit.html?id=w7NuSICc0lYC"><i>Political Change and the Crisis of Legitimacy in Hong Kong</i></a> (İngilizce). <a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Hawaii_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University of Hawaii Press (sayfa mevcut değil)">University of Hawaii Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0-8248-1269-0" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0-8248-1269-0">978-0-8248-1269-0</a>. 22 Mayıs 2020 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200522050217/https://books.google.com/books/about/Political_Change_and_the_Crisis_of_Legit.html?id=w7NuSICc0lYC">arşivlendi</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Political+Change+and+the+Crisis+of+Legitimacy+in+Hong+Kong&rft.pub=University+of+Hawaii+Press&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=978-0-8248-1269-0&rft.aulast=Scott&rft.aufirst=Ian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%2Fabout%2FPolitical_Change_and_the_Crisis_of_Legit.html%3Fid%3Dw7NuSICc0lYC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFSnow2003" class="kaynak kitap">Snow, Philip (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Um5eZLwurzoC"><i>The Fall of Hong Kong: Britain, China and the Japanese Occupation</i></a> (İngilizce). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yale_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yale University Press (sayfa mevcut değil)">Yale University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0-300-10373-1" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0-300-10373-1">978-0-300-10373-1</a>. 22 Mayıs 2020 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200522050340/https://books.google.com/books?id=Um5eZLwurzoC">arşivlendi</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Fall+of+Hong+Kong%3A+Britain%2C+China+and+the+Japanese+Occupation&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-300-10373-1&rft.aulast=Snow&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DUm5eZLwurzoC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFTsang2007" class="kaynak kitap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Steve_Tsang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Steve Tsang (sayfa mevcut değil)">Tsang, Steve</a> (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7JC856mG72EC"><i>A Modern History of Hong Kong</i></a> (İngilizce). I.B. Tauris. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-1-84511-419-0" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-1-84511-419-0">978-1-84511-419-0</a>. 22 Mayıs 2020 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200522050433/https://books.google.com/books?id=7JC856mG72EC">arşivlendi</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Modern+History+of+Hong+Kong&rft.pub=I.B.+Tauris&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-1-84511-419-0&rft.aulast=Tsang&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7JC856mG72EC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFWTO2017" class="kaynak kitap"><i>UNWTO Tourism Highlights: 2017 Edition</i> (İngilizce). <a href="/wiki/D%C3%BCnya_Turizm_%C3%96rg%C3%BCt%C3%BC" title="Dünya Turizm Örgütü">Dünya Turizm Örgütü</a>. 2017. <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.18111/9789284419029">10.18111/9789284419029</a>. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-92-844-1901-2" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-92-844-1901-2">978-92-844-1901-2</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=UNWTO+Tourism+Highlights%3A+2017+Edition&rft.pub=D%C3%BCnya+Turizm+%C3%96rg%C3%BCt%C3%BC&rft.date=2017&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.18111%2F9789284419029&rft.isbn=978-92-844-1901-2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFvon_Glahn1996" class="kaynak kitap">von Glahn, Richard (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DNlv4f9tV_AC"><i>Fountain of Fortune: Money and Monetary Policy in China, 1000-1700</i></a> (İngilizce). <a href="/wiki/University_of_California_Press" title="University of California Press">University of California Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0-520-91745-3" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0-520-91745-3">978-0-520-91745-3</a>. 22 Mayıs 2020 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200522050244/https://books.google.com/books?id=DNlv4f9tV_AC">arşivlendi</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fountain+of+Fortune%3A+Money+and+Monetary+Policy+in+China%2C+1000-1700&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-0-520-91745-3&rft.aulast=von+Glahn&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDNlv4f9tV_AC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFWills1998" class="kaynak kitap">Wills, John E. (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tVhvh6ibLJcC">"Relations with Maritime Europe, 1514-1662"</a>. Twitchett, Denis; Mote, Frederick W. (Ed.). <i>The Cambridge History of China: Volume 8, The Ming Dynasty, 1368-1644</i> (İngilizce). <b>2</b>. <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. ss. 333-375. <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521243339.009">10.1017/CHOL9780521243339.009</a>. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0-521-24333-9" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0-521-24333-9">978-0-521-24333-9</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Relations+with+Maritime+Europe%2C+1514-1662&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+History+of+China%3A+Volume+8%2C+The+Ming+Dynasty%2C+1368-1644&rft.pages=333-375&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1998&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FCHOL9780521243339.009&rft.isbn=978-0-521-24333-9&rft.aulast=Wills&rft.aufirst=John+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DtVhvh6ibLJcC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFWiltshire1997" class="kaynak kitap">Wiltshire, Trea (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books/about/Old_Hong_Kong.html?id=0fhjrgEACAAJ"><i>Old Hong Kong Volume II: 1901-1945</i></a> (İngilizce) (5. bas.). FormAsia Books. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-962-7283-13-3" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-962-7283-13-3">978-962-7283-13-3</a>. 22 Mayıs 2020 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200522071212/https://books.google.com/books/about/Old_Hong_Kong.html?id=0fhjrgEACAAJ">arşivlendi</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Old+Hong+Kong+Volume+II%3A+1901-1945&rft.edition=5.&rft.pub=FormAsia+Books&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-962-7283-13-3&rft.aulast=Wiltshire&rft.aufirst=Trea&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%2Fabout%2FOld_Hong_Kong.html%3Fid%3D0fhjrgEACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFWong1992" class="kaynak kitap">Wong, Siu Lun (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190504230525/https://hub.hku.hk/bitstream/10722/42565/1/07.pdf"><i>Emigration and stability in Hong Kong</i></a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> (İngilizce). <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_%C3%9Cniversitesi" title="Hong Kong Üniversitesi">Hong Kong Üniversitesi</a>. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-962-7558-09-5" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-962-7558-09-5">978-962-7558-09-5</a>. 4 Mayıs 2019 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hub.hku.hk/bitstream/10722/42565/1/07.pdf">kaynağından</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> arşivlendi.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Emigration+and+stability+in+Hong+Kong&rft.pub=Hong+Kong+%C3%9Cniversitesi&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-962-7558-09-5&rft.aulast=Wong&rft.aufirst=Siu+Lun&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhub.hku.hk%2Fbitstream%2F10722%2F42565%2F1%2F07.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFWordie2007" class="kaynak kitap">Wordie, Jason (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AyfPeYnp3-oC"><i>Streets: Exploring Kowloon</i></a> (İngilizce). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong University Press (sayfa mevcut değil)">Hong Kong University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-962-209-813-8" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-962-209-813-8">978-962-209-813-8</a>. 22 Mayıs 2020 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200522050449/https://books.google.com/books?id=AyfPeYnp3-oC">arşivlendi</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Streets%3A+Exploring+Kowloon&rft.pub=Hong+Kong+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-962-209-813-8&rft.aulast=Wordie&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAyfPeYnp3-oC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFXiIngham2003" class="kaynak kitap">Xi, Xu; Ingham, Mike (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books/about/City_Voices.html?id=2f3IAQAAQBAJ"><i>City Voices: Hong Kong writing in English, 1945–present</i></a> (İngilizce). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong University Press (sayfa mevcut değil)">Hong Kong University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-962-209-605-9" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-962-209-605-9">978-962-209-605-9</a>. 22 Mayıs 2020 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200522050513/https://books.google.com/books/about/City_Voices.html?id=2f3IAQAAQBAJ">arşivlendi</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=City+Voices%3A+Hong+Kong+writing+in+English%2C+1945%E2%80%93present&rft.pub=Hong+Kong+University+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-962-209-605-9&rft.aulast=Xi&rft.aufirst=Xu&rft.au=Ingham%2C+Mike&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%2Fabout%2FCity_Voices.html%3Fid%3D2f3IAQAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFXue2016" class="kaynak kitap">Xue, Charlie Q.L. (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5xZkDAAAQBAJ"><i>Hong Kong Architecture 1945–2015: From Colonial to Global</i></a> (İngilizce). Springer. <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1004-0">10.1007/978-981-10-1004-0</a>. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-981-10-1003-3" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-981-10-1003-3">978-981-10-1003-3</a>. 22 Mayıs 2020 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200522050240/https://books.google.com/books?id=5xZkDAAAQBAJ">arşivlendi</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hong+Kong+Architecture+1945%E2%80%932015%3A+From+Colonial+to+Global&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2016&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2F978-981-10-1004-0&rft.isbn=978-981-10-1003-3&rft.aulast=Xue&rft.aufirst=Charlie+Q.L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D5xZkDAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFYanneHeller2009" class="kaynak kitap">Yanne, Andrew; Heller, Gillis (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DpOQrEVBcX4C"><i>Signs of a Colonial Era</i></a> (İngilizce). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong University Press (sayfa mevcut değil)">Hong Kong University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-962-209-944-9" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-962-209-944-9">978-962-209-944-9</a>. 22 Mayıs 2020 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200522050425/https://books.google.com/books?id=DpOQrEVBcX4C">arşivlendi</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Signs+of+a+Colonial+Era&rft.pub=Hong+Kong+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-962-209-944-9&rft.aulast=Yanne&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.au=Heller%2C+Gillis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDpOQrEVBcX4C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFYeung2008" class="kaynak kitap">Yeung, Rikkie (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VUfqAQAAQBAJ"><i>Moving Millions: The Commercial Success and Political Controversies of Hong Kong's Railways</i></a> (İngilizce). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong University Press (sayfa mevcut değil)">Hong Kong University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-962-209-963-0" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-962-209-963-0">978-962-209-963-0</a>. 22 Mayıs 2020 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200522071149/https://books.google.com/books?id=VUfqAQAAQBAJ">arşivlendi</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Moving+Millions%3A+The+Commercial+Success+and+Political+Controversies+of+Hong+Kong%27s+Railways&rft.pub=Hong+Kong+University+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-962-209-963-0&rft.aulast=Yeung&rft.aufirst=Rikkie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVUfqAQAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFZhihong2006" class="kaynak kitap">Zhihong, Shi (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=mLBgaa8d4aMC">"China's Overseas Trade Policy and Its Historical Results: 1522-1840"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Heita_Kawakatsu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heita Kawakatsu (sayfa mevcut değil)">Latham, A.J.H.</a>; Kawakatsu, Heita (Ed.). <i>Intra-Asian Trade and the World Market</i> (İngilizce). <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. ss. 4-23. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-0-415-37207-7" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-0-415-37207-7">978-0-415-37207-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=China%27s+Overseas+Trade+Policy+and+Its+Historical+Results%3A+1522-1840&rft.btitle=Intra-Asian+Trade+and+the+World+Market&rft.pages=4-23&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-415-37207-7&rft.aulast=Zhihong&rft.aufirst=Shi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DmLBgaa8d4aMC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Mevzuat_ve_içtihat"><span id="Mevzuat_ve_i.C3.A7tihat"></span>Mevzuat ve içtihat</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&veaction=edit&section=22" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Mevzuat ve içtihat" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=22" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Mevzuat ve içtihat"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r24952096"><div class="refbegin reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 35em; -webkit-column-width: 35em; column-width: 35em;"> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFTemel_Kanun_3._Bölüm" class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080928131256/http://www.basiclaw.gov.hk/en/basiclawtext/chapter_3.html">"Basic Law Chapter III"</a> (İngilizce). ???. 28 Eylül 2008 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.basiclaw.gov.hk/en/basiclawtext/chapter_3.html">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 17 Mayıs 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Basic+Law+Chapter+III&rft.pub=%3F%3F%3F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.basiclaw.gov.hk%2Fen%2Fbasiclawtext%2Fchapter_3.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFDistrict_Councils_Ordinance" class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200522050112/https://www.hklii.hk/eng/hk/legis/ord/547/index.html">"District Councils Ordinance"</a> (İngilizce). Hong Kong Legal Information Institute. 22 Mayıs 2020 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hklii.hk/eng/hk/legis/ord/547/index.html">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 16 Mayıs 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=District+Councils+Ordinance&rft.pub=Hong+Kong+Legal+Information+Institute&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hklii.hk%2Feng%2Fhk%2Flegis%2Ford%2F547%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFOfficial_Languages_Ordinance" class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200516120607/https://www.hklii.hk/eng/hk/legis/ord/5/s3.html">"Official Languages Ordinance. Section 3. Official languages and their status and use"</a> (İngilizce). Hong Kong Legal Information Institute. 16 Mayıs 2020 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hklii.hk/eng/hk/legis/ord/5/s3.html">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 9 Mayıs 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Official+Languages+Ordinance.+Section+3.+Official+languages+and+their+status+and+use&rft.pub=Hong+Kong+Legal+Information+Institute&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hklii.hk%2Feng%2Fhk%2Flegis%2Ford%2F5%2Fs3.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFSino-British_Joint_Declaration" class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200123135120/http://www.hklii.hk/eng/hk/legis/instrument/A301/declaration.html">"Sino-British Joint Declaration (Instrument A301)"</a> (İngilizce). Hong Kong Legal Information Institute. 23 Ocak 2020 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hklii.hk/eng/hk/legis/instrument/A301/declaration.html">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 11 Mayıs 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sino-British+Joint+Declaration+%28Instrument+A301%29&rft.pub=Hong+Kong+Legal+Information+Institute&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hklii.hk%2Feng%2Fhk%2Flegis%2Finstrument%2FA301%2Fdeclaration.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFInstrument_A2041996" class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200131174356/http://www.hklii.hk/eng/hk/legis/instrument/A204/interpretation.html">"Standing Committee Interpretation Concerning Implementation of Chinese Nationality Law in Hong Kong (Instrument A204)"</a> (İngilizce). Hong Kong Legal Information Institute. 15 Mayıs 1996. 31 Ocak 2020 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hklii.hk/eng/hk/legis/instrument/A204/interpretation.html">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 9 Mayıs 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Standing+Committee+Interpretation+Concerning+Implementation+of+Chinese+Nationality+Law+in+Hong+Kong+%28Instrument+A204%29&rft.pub=Hong+Kong+Legal+Information+Institute&rft.date=1996-05-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hklii.hk%2Feng%2Fhk%2Flegis%2Finstrument%2FA204%2Finterpretation.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Akademik_yayınlar"><span id="Akademik_yay.C4.B1nlar"></span>Akademik yayınlar</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&veaction=edit&section=23" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Akademik yayınlar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=23" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Akademik yayınlar"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r24952096"><div class="refbegin reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 35em; -webkit-column-width: 35em; column-width: 35em;"> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFChen2011" class="kaynak dergi">Chen, Li (2011). "Universalism and Equal Sovereignty as Contested Myths of International Law in the Sino-Western Encounter". <i>Journal of the History of International Law</i> (İngilizce). <b>13</b> (1). ss. 75-116. <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163/157180511X552054">10.1163/157180511X552054</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Universalism+and+Equal+Sovereignty+as+Contested+Myths+of+International+Law+in+the+Sino-Western+Encounter&rft.pages=75-116&rft.date=2011&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1163%2F157180511X552054&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Li&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFFan1974" class="kaynak dergi">Fan, Shuh Ching (1974). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cicred.org/Eng/Publications/pdf/c-c21.pdf">"The Population of Hong Kong"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <i>World Population Year</i> (İngilizce). ss. 1-2. <a href="/wiki/OCLC" title="OCLC">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/438716102">438716102</a>. 18 Temmuz 2011 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110718182324/http://www.cicred.org/Eng/Publications/pdf/c-c21.pdf">arşivlendi</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 9 Mayıs 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Population+of+Hong+Kong&rft.pages=1-2&rft.date=1974&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F438716102&rft.aulast=Fan&rft.aufirst=Shuh+Ching&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cicred.org%2FEng%2FPublications%2Fpdf%2Fc-c21.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFForrestLa_GrangeYip2004" class="kaynak dergi">Forrest, Ray; La Grange, Adrienne; Yip, Ngai-ming (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_urban-studies_2004-01_41_1/page/207">"Hong Kong as a Global City? Social Distance and Spatial Differentiation"</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Urban_Studies&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Urban Studies (sayfa mevcut değil)">Urban Studies</a></i> (İngilizce). <b>41</b> (1). ss. 207-227. <a href="/wiki/CiteSeerX" title="CiteSeerX">CiteSeerX</a> <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.1032.5974">10.1.1.1032.5974</a> $2</span>. <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080/0042098032000155759">10.1080/0042098032000155759</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hong+Kong+as+a+Global+City%3F+Social+Distance+and+Spatial+Differentiation&rft.pages=207-227&rft.date=2004&rft_id=%2F%2Fciteseerx.ist.psu.edu%2Fviewdoc%2Fsummary%3Fdoi%3D10.1.1.1032.5974&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F0042098032000155759&rft.aulast=Forrest&rft.aufirst=Ray&rft.au=La+Grange%2C+Adrienne&rft.au=Yip%2C+Ngai-ming&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_urban-studies_2004-01_41_1%2Fpage%2F207&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFLee2012" class="kaynak kitap">Lee, John (2012). <i>A Corpus-Based Analysis of Mixed Code in Hong Kong Speech</i>. <i>Proceedings of the 2012 International Conference on Asian Language Processing</i> (İngilizce). ss. 165-168. <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1109/IALP.2012.10">10.1109/IALP.2012.10</a>. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Kitap_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Kitap Numarası">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/978-1-4673-6113-2" title="Özel:KitapKaynakları/978-1-4673-6113-2">978-1-4673-6113-2</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Corpus-Based+Analysis+of+Mixed+Code+in+Hong+Kong+Speech&rft.pages=165-168&rft.date=2012&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1109%2FIALP.2012.10&rft.isbn=978-1-4673-6113-2&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFMcKercherHodu_Cros2004" class="kaynak dergi">McKercher, Bob; Ho, Pamela S.Y.; du Cros, Hilary (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_annals-of-tourism-research_2004-04_31_2/page/393">"Attributes of Popular Attractions in Hong Kong"</a>. <i>Annals of Tourism Research</i> (İngilizce). <b>31</b> (2). ss. 393-407. <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2003.12.008">10.1016/j.annals.2003.12.008</a>. <a href="/wiki/Handle_Sistemi" title="Handle Sistemi">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//hdl.handle.net/10397%2F29409">10397/29409</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Attributes+of+Popular+Attractions+in+Hong+Kong&rft.pages=393-407&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F10397%2F29409&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.annals.2003.12.008&rft.aulast=McKercher&rft.aufirst=Bob&rft.au=Ho%2C+Pamela+S.Y.&rft.au=du+Cros%2C+Hilary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_annals-of-tourism-research_2004-04_31_2%2Fpage%2F393&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFMeacham1999" class="kaynak dergi">Meacham, William (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180629102400/http://journals.lib.washington.edu/index.php/BIPPA/article/viewFile/11707/10336">"Neolithic to Historic in the Hong Kong Region"</a>. <i>Indo-Pacific Prehistory Association Bulletin</i> (İngilizce). <b>18</b> (2). ss. 121-128. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_S%C3%BCreli_Yay%C4%B1n_Numaras%C4%B1#Elektronik_ISSN" title="Uluslararası Standart Süreli Yayın Numarası">eISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0156-1316">0156-1316</a>. 29 Haziran 2018 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://journals.lib.washington.edu/index.php/BIPPA/article/viewFile/11707/10336">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 10 Mayıs 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Neolithic+to+Historic+in+the+Hong+Kong+Region&rft.pages=121-128&rft.date=1999&rft.eissn=0156-1316&rft.aulast=Meacham&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjournals.lib.washington.edu%2Findex.php%2FBIPPA%2Farticle%2FviewFile%2F11707%2F10336&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFPoonChau2001" class="kaynak dergi">Poon, Simpson; Chau, Patrick (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/f800/672c1448f0233ae7982444a85cf6d806b774.pdf">"Octopus: The Growing E-payment System in Hong Kong"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <i>Electronic Markets</i> (İngilizce). <b>11</b> (2). ss. 97-106. <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080/101967801300197016">10.1080/101967801300197016</a>. 11 Nisan 2019 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190411223250/https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/f800/672c1448f0233ae7982444a85cf6d806b774.pdf">arşivlendi</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 16 Mayıs 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Octopus%3A+The+Growing+E-payment+System+in+Hong+Kong&rft.pages=97-106&rft.date=2001&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F101967801300197016&rft.aulast=Poon&rft.aufirst=Simpson&rft.au=Chau%2C+Patrick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpdfs.semanticscholar.org%2Ff800%2F672c1448f0233ae7982444a85cf6d806b774.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFTongWong1997" class="kaynak dergi">Tong, C. O.; Wong, S. C. (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_transportation_1997-08_24_3/page/295">"The advantages of a high density, mixed land use, linear urban development"</a>. <i>Transportation</i> (İngilizce). <b>24</b> (3). ss. 295-307. <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1023/A%3A1004987422746">10.1023/A:1004987422746</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+advantages+of+a+high+density%2C+mixed+land+use%2C+linear+urban+development&rft.pages=295-307&rft.date=1997&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1023%2FA%3A1004987422746&rft.aulast=Tong&rft.aufirst=C.+O.&rft.au=Wong%2C+S.+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_transportation_1997-08_24_3%2Fpage%2F295&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFWongYeohChauYam2015" class="kaynak dergi">Wong, Eliza L.Y.; Yeoh, Eng-kiong; Chau, Patsy Y.K.; Yam, Carrie H.K.; Cheung, Annie W.L.; Fung, Hong (2015). "How shall we examine and learn about public-private partnerships (PPPs) in the health sector? Realist evaluation of PPPs in Hong Kong". <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Social_Science_%26_Medicine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Social Science & Medicine (sayfa mevcut değil)">Social Science & Medicine</a></i> (İngilizce). Cilt 147. ss. 261-269. <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.11.012">10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.11.012</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Özgürce erişilebilir"><img alt="Özgürce erişilebilir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed#PubMed_tanımlayıcısı" title="PubMed">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26605970">26605970</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=How+shall+we+examine+and+learn+about+public-private+partnerships+%28PPPs%29+in+the+health+sector%3F+Realist+evaluation+of+PPPs+in+Hong+Kong&rft.pages=261-269&rft.date=2015&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.socscimed.2015.11.012&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F26605970&rft.aulast=Wong&rft.aufirst=Eliza+L.Y.&rft.au=Yeoh%2C+Eng-kiong&rft.au=Chau%2C+Patsy+Y.K.&rft.au=Yam%2C+Carrie+H.K.&rft.au=Cheung%2C+Annie+W.L.&rft.au=Fung%2C+Hong&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Kurumsal_raporlar">Kurumsal raporlar</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&veaction=edit&section=24" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Kurumsal raporlar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=24" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Kurumsal raporlar"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r24952096"><div class="refbegin reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 35em; -webkit-column-width: 35em; column-width: 35em;"> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFAgriculture_and_Fisheries_Facts2017" class="kaynak report"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.hk/en/about/abouthk/factsheets/docs/agriculture.pdf">Agriculture and Fisheries</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <i>Hong Kong: The Facts</i> (İngilizce). Hong Kong Hükûmeti. Mayıs 2017. 1 Ağustos 2020 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200801204059/https://www.gov.hk/en/about/abouthk/factsheets/docs/agriculture.pdf">arşivlendi</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 15 Mayıs 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Agriculture+and+Fisheries&rft.pub=Hong+Kong+H%C3%BCk%C3%BBmeti&rft.date=2017-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.hk%2Fen%2Fabout%2Fabouthk%2Ffactsheets%2Fdocs%2Fagriculture.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFNY/NJ_Port_Authority_Airport_Traffic2017" class="kaynak report"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170525172312/http://www.panynj.gov/airports/pdf-traffic/ATR2016.pdf">Airport Traffic Report</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> (İngilizce). <a href="/wiki/New_York_ve_New_Jersey_Liman_%C4%B0daresi" title="New York ve New Jersey Liman İdaresi">New York ve New Jersey Liman İdaresi</a>. 14 Nisan 2017. 25 Mayıs 2017 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.panynj.gov/airports/pdf-traffic/ATR2016.pdf">kaynağından</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 16 Mayıs 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Airport+Traffic+Report&rft.pub=New+York+ve+New+Jersey+Liman+%C4%B0daresi&rft.date=2017-04-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.panynj.gov%2Fairports%2Fpdf-traffic%2FATR2016.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFHKIA_Annual_Report2017" class="kaynak report"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hongkongairport.com/iwov-resources/file/airport-authority/publications/annual-and-interim-reports/en/16_17/1617_Annual_Report_EN.pdf">Annual Report 2016/17</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> (İngilizce). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Airport_Authority_Hong_Kong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Airport Authority Hong Kong (sayfa mevcut değil)">Airport Authority Hong Kong</a>. 12 Haziran 2017. 22 Mayıs 2020 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200522050055/https://www.hongkongairport.com/iwov-resources/file/airport-authority/publications/annual-and-interim-reports/en/16_17/1617_Annual_Report_EN.pdf">arşivlendi</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 16 Mayıs 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Annual+Report+2016%2F17&rft.pub=Airport+Authority+Hong+Kong&rft.date=2017-06-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hongkongairport.com%2Fiwov-resources%2Ffile%2Fairport-authority%2Fpublications%2Fannual-and-interim-reports%2Fen%2F16_17%2F1617_Annual_Report_EN.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFCushman_&_Wakefield_RHQ_Report2016" class="kaynak report"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180612143118/http://www.cushmanwakefield.com/~/media/reports/china/Cushman%20%20Wakefield%20RHQ%20Report_2016_F4.pdf">APAC Regional Headquarters</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> (İngilizce). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cushman_%26_Wakefield&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cushman & Wakefield (sayfa mevcut değil)">Cushman & Wakefield</a>. Nisan 2016. 12 Haziran 2018 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cushmanwakefield.com/~/media/reports/china/Cushman%20%20Wakefield%20RHQ%20Report_2016_F4.pdf">kaynağından</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 15 Mayıs 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=APAC+Regional+Headquarters&rft.pub=Cushman+%26+Wakefield&rft.date=2016-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cushmanwakefield.com%2F~%2Fmedia%2Freports%2Fchina%2FCushman%2520%2520Wakefield%2520RHQ%2520Report_2016_F4.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBéthanie2015" class="kaynak report"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hkapa.edu/files/guide/media-publications/Bethanie-Booklet.pdf">Béthanie – The Academy's Landmark Heritage Campus</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> (İngilizce). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong_G%C3%B6steri_Sanatlar%C4%B1_Akademisi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong Gösteri Sanatları Akademisi (sayfa mevcut değil)">Hong Kong Gösteri Sanatları Akademisi</a>. Eylül 2015. 1 Ağustos 2020 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200801204158/https://www.hkapa.edu/files/guide/media-publications/Bethanie-Booklet.pdf">arşivlendi</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 17 Mayıs 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=B%C3%A9thanie+%E2%80%93+The+Academy%27s+Landmark+Heritage+Campus&rft.pub=Hong+Kong+G%C3%B6steri+Sanatlar%C4%B1+Akademisi&rft.date=2015-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hkapa.edu%2Ffiles%2Fguide%2Fmedia-publications%2FBethanie-Booklet.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFDeveloping_a_Supplementary_Guide_to_the_Chinese_Language_Curriculum_for_Non-Chinese_Speaking_Students2008" class="kaynak report"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.legco.gov.hk/yr07-08/english/panels/ed/papers/ed0229cb2-1238-1-e.pdf">Developing a Supplementary Guide to the Chinese Language Curriculum for Non-Chinese Speaking Students</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> (İngilizce). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong_Yasama_Meclisi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong Yasama Meclisi (sayfa mevcut değil)">Hong Kong Yasama Meclisi</a>. Ocak 2008. 9 Ağustos 2020 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200809014330/https://www.legco.gov.hk/yr07-08/english/panels/ed/papers/ed0229cb2-1238-1-e.pdf">arşivlendi</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 9 Mayıs 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Developing+a+Supplementary+Guide+to+the+Chinese+Language+Curriculum+for+Non-Chinese+Speaking+Students&rft.pub=Hong+Kong+Yasama+Meclisi&rft.date=2008-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.legco.gov.hk%2Fyr07-08%2Fenglish%2Fpanels%2Fed%2Fpapers%2Fed0229cb2-1238-1-e.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBK_Dışişleri2014" class="kaynak report"><a href="/wiki/D%C4%B1%C5%9Fi%C5%9Fleri_ve_%C4%B0ngiliz_Milletler_Toplulu%C4%9Fu_Ofisi" class="mw-redirect" title="Dışişleri ve İngiliz Milletler Topluluğu Ofisi">Dışişleri ve İngiliz Milletler Topluluğu Ofisi</a> (Ekim 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/committeeevidence.svc/evidencedocument/foreign-affairs-committee/the-uks-relations-with-hong-kong-30-years-after-the-joint-declaration/written/14357.pdf">Written evidence from Foreign and Commonwealth Office</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> (İngilizce). <a href="/wiki/Birle%C5%9Fik_Krall%C4%B1k_Parlamentosu" title="Birleşik Krallık Parlamentosu">Birleşik Krallık Parlamentosu</a>. 25 Şubat 2021 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210225130618/http://data.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/committeeevidence.svc/evidencedocument/foreign-affairs-committee/the-uks-relations-with-hong-kong-30-years-after-the-joint-declaration/written/14357.pdf">arşivlendi</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 9 Mayıs 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Written+evidence+from+Foreign+and+Commonwealth+Office&rft.pub=Birle%C5%9Fik+Krall%C4%B1k+Parlamentosu&rft.date=2014-10&rft.au=D%C4%B1%C5%9Fi%C5%9Fleri+ve+%C4%B0ngiliz+Milletler+Toplulu%C4%9Fu+Ofisi&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdata.parliament.uk%2Fwrittenevidence%2Fcommitteeevidence.svc%2Fevidencedocument%2Fforeign-affairs-committee%2Fthe-uks-relations-with-hong-kong-30-years-after-the-joint-declaration%2Fwritten%2F14357.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFDistrict_Administration_Facts2016" class="kaynak report"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gov.hk/en/about/abouthk/factsheets/docs/district_admin.pdf">District Administration</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <i>Hong Kong: The Facts</i> (İngilizce). Hong Kong Hükûmeti. Nisan 2016. 7 Eylül 2008 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080907000229/http://www.gov.hk/en/about/abouthk/factsheets/docs/district_admin.pdf">arşivlendi</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 16 Mayıs 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=District+Administration&rft.pub=Hong+Kong+H%C3%BCk%C3%BBmeti&rft.date=2016-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.hk%2Fen%2Fabout%2Fabouthk%2Ffactsheets%2Fdocs%2Fdistrict_admin.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFEconomic_Statistical_Highlights2017" class="kaynak report"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.legco.gov.hk/research-publications/english/1617issh25-port-of-hong-kong-20170426-e.pdf">Economic development: Statistical Highlights</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> (İngilizce). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong_Yasama_Meclisi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong Yasama Meclisi (sayfa mevcut değil)">Hong Kong Yasama Meclisi</a>. 26 Nisan 2017. 30 Ekim 2019 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191030010827/https://www.legco.gov.hk/research-publications/english/1617issh25-port-of-hong-kong-20170426-e.pdf">arşivlendi</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 15 Mayıs 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Economic+development%3A+Statistical+Highlights&rft.pub=Hong+Kong+Yasama+Meclisi&rft.date=2017-04-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.legco.gov.hk%2Fresearch-publications%2Fenglish%2F1617issh25-port-of-hong-kong-20170426-e.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFFamily_Survey2013" class="kaynak report"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.legco.gov.hk/yr13-14/english/panels/ws/papers/ws0609cb2-2288-2-e.pdf">Family Survey 2013</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> (İngilizce). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong_Yasama_Meclisi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong Yasama Meclisi (sayfa mevcut değil)">Hong Kong Yasama Meclisi</a>. Temmuz 2014. 1 Ağustos 2020 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200801170814/https://www.legco.gov.hk/yr13-14/english/panels/ws/papers/ws0609cb2-2288-2-e.pdf">arşivlendi</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 16 Mayıs 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Family+Survey+2013&rft.pub=Hong+Kong+Yasama+Meclisi&rft.date=2014-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.legco.gov.hk%2Fyr13-14%2Fenglish%2Fpanels%2Fws%2Fpapers%2Fws0609cb2-2288-2-e.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFGeography_and_Climate2010" class="kaynak report"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.censtatd.gov.hk/FileManager/EN/Content_810/geog.pdf">Geography and Climate</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> (İngilizce). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Census_and_Statistics_Department_(Hong_Kong)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Census and Statistics Department (Hong Kong) (sayfa mevcut değil)">Census and Statistics Department</a>. 2010. 21 Ağustos 2011 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/616lifhe8?url=https://www.censtatd.gov.hk/FileManager/EN/Content_810/geog.pdf">arşivlendi</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 14 Mayıs 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Geography+and+Climate&rft.pub=Census+and+Statistics+Department&rft.date=2010&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.censtatd.gov.hk%2FFileManager%2FEN%2FContent_810%2Fgeog.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFHealth_Facts2017" class="kaynak report"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dh.gov.hk/english/statistics/statistics_hs/files/Health_Statistics_pamphlet_E.pdf">Health Facts of Hong Kong: 2017 Edition</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> (İngilizce). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong_Sa%C4%9Fl%C4%B1k_Bakanl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong Sağlık Bakanlığı (sayfa mevcut değil)">Hong Kong Sağlık Bakanlığı</a>. 2017. 12 Mart 2013 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130312080224/http://www.dh.gov.hk/english/statistics/statistics_hs/files/Health_Statistics_pamphlet_E.pdf">arşivlendi</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 9 Mayıs 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Health+Facts+of+Hong+Kong%3A+2017+Edition&rft.pub=Hong+Kong+Sa%C4%9Fl%C4%B1k+Bakanl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1&rft.date=2017&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dh.gov.hk%2Fenglish%2Fstatistics%2Fstatistics_hs%2Ffiles%2FHealth_Statistics_pamphlet_E.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFEconomy_Facts2016" class="kaynak report"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.hk/en/about/abouthk/factsheets/docs/service_economy.pdf">Hong Kong as a Service Economy</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <i>Hong Kong: The Facts</i> (İngilizce). Hong Kong Hükûmeti. Nisan 2016. 19 Temmuz 2020 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200719041704/https://www.gov.hk/en/about/abouthk/factsheets/docs/service_economy.pdf">arşivlendi</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 15 Mayıs 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Hong+Kong+as+a+Service+Economy&rft.pub=Hong+Kong+H%C3%BCk%C3%BBmeti&rft.date=2016-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.hk%2Fen%2Fabout%2Fabouthk%2Ffactsheets%2Fdocs%2Fservice_economy.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFJiangTangLawSze2003" class="kaynak report">Jiang, Guorong; Tang, Nancy; Law, Eve; Sze, Angela (Eylül 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hkma.gov.hk/media/eng/publication-and-research/quarterly-bulletin/qb200309/fa1.pdf">The Profitability of the Banking Sector in Hong Kong</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong_Monetary_Authority&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong Monetary Authority (sayfa mevcut değil)">Hong Kong Monetary Authority</a>. 4 Ağustos 2020 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200804125547/https://www.hkma.gov.hk/media/eng/publication-and-research/quarterly-bulletin/qb200309/fa1.pdf">arşivlendi</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 15 Mayıs 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=The+Profitability+of+the+Banking+Sector+in+Hong+Kong&rft.pub=Hong+Kong+Monetary+Authority&rft.date=2003-09&rft.aulast=Jiang&rft.aufirst=Guorong&rft.au=Tang%2C+Nancy&rft.au=Law%2C+Eve&rft.au=Sze%2C+Angela&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hkma.gov.hk%2Fmedia%2Feng%2Fpublication-and-research%2Fquarterly-bulletin%2Fqb200309%2Ffa1.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFHaziran_Aylık_İstatistikleri2019" class="kaynak report"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.censtatd.gov.hk/fd.jsp?file=B10100022019MM06B0100.pdf">June 2019</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <i>Hong Kong Monthly Digest of Statistics</i> (İngilizce). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Say%C4%B1m_ve_%C4%B0statistik_B%C3%B6l%C3%BCm%C3%BC_(Hong_Kong)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sayım ve İstatistik Bölümü (Hong Kong) (sayfa mevcut değil)">Sayım ve İstatistik Bölümü</a>. Haziran 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=June+2019&rft.pub=Say%C4%B1m+ve+%C4%B0statistik+B%C3%B6l%C3%BCm%C3%BC&rft.date=2019-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.censtatd.gov.hk%2Ffd.jsp%3Ffile%3DB10100022019MM06B0100.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span title=" Mart 2022 tarihinden beri ölü bağlantı" style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:D%C4%B1%C5%9F_ba%C4%9Flant%C4%B1lar#Ölü_dış_bağlantılar_için_ne_yapılabilir?" title="Vikipedi:Dış bağlantılar">ölü/kırık bağlantı</a></i>]</span></sup></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFLungSung2010" class="kaynak report">Lung, Charles C P; Sung, Y F (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190411223254/http://www.irse.org/knowledge/publicdocuments/1.07%20Lung%20-%20Century%20of%20Railway%20Development%20Hong%20Kong.pdf">A Century of Railway Development – The Hong Kong Story</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> (İngilizce). Institution of Railway Signal Engineers. 11 Nisan 2019 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irse.org/knowledge/publicdocuments/1.07%20Lung%20-%20Century%20of%20Railway%20Development%20Hong%20Kong.pdf">kaynağından</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 26 Aralık 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=A+Century+of+Railway+Development+%E2%80%93+The+Hong+Kong+Story&rft.pub=Institution+of+Railway+Signal+Engineers&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=Lung&rft.aufirst=Charles+C+P&rft.au=Sung%2C+Y+F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.irse.org%2Fknowledge%2Fpublicdocuments%2F1.07%2520Lung%2520-%2520Century%2520of%2520Railway%2520Development%2520Hong%2520Kong.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFNüfus_Sayımı2016" class="kaynak report"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bycensus2016.gov.hk/data/16bc-main-results.pdf">Main Results</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <i>2016 Population By-Census</i> (İngilizce). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Say%C4%B1m_ve_%C4%B0statistik_B%C3%B6l%C3%BCm%C3%BC_(Hong_Kong)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sayım ve İstatistik Bölümü (Hong Kong) (sayfa mevcut değil)">Sayım ve İstatistik Bölümü</a>. 2016. 10 Mart 2021 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210310190955/https://www.bycensus2016.gov.hk/data/16bc-main-results.pdf">arşivlendi</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 9 Mayıs 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Main+Results&rft.pub=Say%C4%B1m+ve+%C4%B0statistik+B%C3%B6l%C3%BCm%C3%BC&rft.date=2016&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bycensus2016.gov.hk%2Fdata%2F16bc-main-results.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFHKSE_Market_Statistics2018" class="kaynak report"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hkex.com.hk/-/media/HKEX-Market/News/News-Release/2018/181221news/181221news.pdf?la=en">Market Statistics 2018</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> (İngilizce). <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Menkul_K%C4%B1ymetler_Borsas%C4%B1" title="Hong Kong Menkul Kıymetler Borsası">Hong Kong Menkul Kıymetler Borsası</a>. 2018. 1 Ağustos 2020 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200801174603/https://www.hkex.com.hk/-/media/HKEX-Market/News/News-Release/2018/181221news/181221news.pdf?la=en">arşivlendi</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 15 Mayıs 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Market+Statistics+2018&rft.pub=Hong+Kong+Menkul+K%C4%B1ymetler+Borsas%C4%B1&rft.date=2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hkex.com.hk%2F-%2Fmedia%2FHKEX-Market%2FNews%2FNews-Release%2F2018%2F181221news%2F181221news.pdf%3Fla%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFDeclared_Monuments2007" class="kaynak report">Panel on Home Affairs (Haziran 2007). "List of Historical Buildings Declared as Monuments from 1997 to 2006". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.legco.gov.hk/yr06-07/english/panels/ha/papers/ha0601cb2-2102-1-e.pdf">The Queen's Pier</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong_Yasama_Meclisi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong Yasama Meclisi (sayfa mevcut değil)">Hong Kong Yasama Meclisi</a>. 8 Ağustos 2020 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200808030521/https://www.legco.gov.hk/yr06-07/english/panels/ha/papers/ha0601cb2-2102-1-e.pdf">arşivlendi</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 17 Mayıs 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=The+Queen%27s+Pier&rft.pub=Hong+Kong+Yasama+Meclisi&rft.date=2007-06&rft.au=Panel+on+Home+Affairs&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.legco.gov.hk%2Fyr06-07%2Fenglish%2Fpanels%2Fha%2Fpapers%2Fha0601cb2-2102-1-e.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFPublic_Transport_Strategy_Study2017" class="kaynak report"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.td.gov.hk/filemanager/en/publication/ptss_final_report_eng.pdf">Public Transport Strategy Study</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong_Ula%C5%9F%C4%B1m_Bakanl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong Ulaşım Bakanlığı (sayfa mevcut değil)">Hong Kong Ulaşım Bakanlığı</a>. Haziran 2017. 16 Haziran 2020 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200616024716/https://www.td.gov.hk/filemanager/en/publication/ptss_final_report_eng.pdf">arşivlendi</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 16 Mayıs 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Public+Transport+Strategy+Study&rft.pub=Hong+Kong+Ula%C5%9F%C4%B1m+Bakanl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1&rft.date=2017-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.td.gov.hk%2Ffilemanager%2Fen%2Fpublication%2Fptss_final_report_eng.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFRailway_Network_Facts2018" class="kaynak report"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.hk/en/about/abouthk/factsheets/docs/railway.pdf">Railway Network</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <i>Hong Kong: The Facts</i>. Hong Kong Hükûmeti. Nisan 2018. 22 Mayıs 2020 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200522050054/https://www.gov.hk/en/about/abouthk/factsheets/docs/railway.pdf">arşivlendi</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 16 Mayıs 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Railway+Network&rft.pub=Hong+Kong+H%C3%BCk%C3%BBmeti&rft.date=2018-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.hk%2Fen%2Fabout%2Fabouthk%2Ffactsheets%2Fdocs%2Frailway.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFReligion_and_Custom_Facts2016" class="kaynak report"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.hk/en/about/abouthk/factsheets/docs/religion.pdf">Religion and Custom</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <i>Hong Kong: The Facts</i> (İngilizce). Hong Kong Hükûmeti. Mayıs 2016. 14 Haziran 2018 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180614034625/https://www.gov.hk/en/about/abouthk/factsheets/docs/religion.pdf">arşivlendi</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 9 Mayıs 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Religion+and+Custom&rft.pub=Hong+Kong+H%C3%BCk%C3%BBmeti&rft.date=2016-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.hk%2Fen%2Fabout%2Fabouthk%2Ffactsheets%2Fdocs%2Freligion.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFReport_on_Rail_Service2014" class="kaynak report">Subcommittee on Matters Relating to Railways (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.legco.gov.hk/yr13-14/english/panels/tp/tp_rdp/papers/tp_rdp0228cb1-980-5-e.pdf">Follow-ups on the Service Suspension of Tseung Kwan O Line and Part of Kwun Tong Line on 16 December 2013, and Report on Subsequent Major Incidents on East Rail Line and Light Rail</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> (İngilizce). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong_Yasama_Meclisi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong Yasama Meclisi (sayfa mevcut değil)">Hong Kong Yasama Meclisi</a>. 27 Nisan 2014 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140427183420/http://www.legco.gov.hk/yr13-14/english/panels/tp/tp_rdp/papers/tp_rdp0228cb1-980-5-e.pdf">arşivlendi</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 16 Mayıs 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Follow-ups+on+the+Service+Suspension+of+Tseung+Kwan+O+Line+and+Part+of+Kwun+Tong+Line+on+16+December+2013%2C+and+Report+on+Subsequent+Major+Incidents+on+East+Rail+Line+and+Light+Rail&rft.pub=Hong+Kong+Yasama+Meclisi&rft.date=2014&rft.au=Subcommittee+on+Matters+Relating+to+Railways&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.legco.gov.hk%2Fyr13-14%2Fenglish%2Fpanels%2Ftp%2Ftp_rdp%2Fpapers%2Ftp_rdp0228cb1-980-5-e.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFLand_Policy_Report2017" class="kaynak report">Task Force on Land Policy (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.devb.gov.hk/filemanager/en/content_1054/Paper_07_2017.pdf">Reclamation Outside Victoria Harbour</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> (İngilizce). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Development_Bureau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Development Bureau (sayfa mevcut değil)">Development Bureau</a>. 24 Ekim 2019 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191024195240/http://www.devb.gov.hk/filemanager/en/content_1054/Paper_07_2017.pdf">arşivlendi</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 14 Mayıs 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Reclamation+Outside+Victoria+Harbour&rft.pub=Development+Bureau&rft.date=2017&rft.au=Task+Force+on+Land+Policy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.devb.gov.hk%2Ffilemanager%2Fen%2Fcontent_1054%2FPaper_07_2017.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFPopulation_Policy_Report2002" class="kaynak report">Task Force on Population Policy (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.info.gov.hk/info/population/eng/pdf/report_eng.pdf">Report of the Task Force on Population Policy</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> (İngilizce). Hong Kong Hükûmeti. 23 Kasım 2018 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181123121742/https://www.info.gov.hk/info/population/eng/pdf/report_eng.pdf">arşivlendi</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 12 Mayıs 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Report+of+the+Task+Force+on+Population+Policy&rft.pub=Hong+Kong+H%C3%BCk%C3%BBmeti&rft.date=2002&rft.au=Task+Force+on+Population+Policy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.info.gov.hk%2Finfo%2Fpopulation%2Feng%2Fpdf%2Freport_eng.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFGlobal_Financial_Centres_Index2017" class="kaynak report"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.longfinance.net/images/gfci/gfci_22.pdf">The Global Financial Centres Index 22</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> (İngilizce). <a href="/w/index.php?title=China_Development_Institute&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="China Development Institute (sayfa mevcut değil)">China Development Institute</a>. Eylül 2017. 19 Şubat 2023 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230219163206/https://www.longfinance.net/media/documents/gfci_22.pdf">arşivlendi</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 11 Mayıs 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=The+Global+Financial+Centres+Index+22&rft.pub=China+Development+Institute&rft.date=2017-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.longfinance.net%2Fimages%2Fgfci%2Fgfci_22.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFHouse_of_Commons_Foreign_Affairs_Committee_Tenth_Report2015" class="kaynak report"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201415/cmselect/cmfaff/649/649.pdf">The UK's relations with Hong Kong: 30 years after the Joint Declaration</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> (İngilizce). <a href="/wiki/Birle%C5%9Fik_Krall%C4%B1k_Parlamentosu" title="Birleşik Krallık Parlamentosu">Birleşik Krallık Parlamentosu</a>. 6 Mart 2015. 19 Temmuz 2018 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180719113821/https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201415/cmselect/cmfaff/649/649.pdf">arşivlendi</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 15 Mayıs 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=The+UK%27s+relations+with+Hong+Kong%3A+30+years+after+the+Joint+Declaration&rft.pub=Birle%C5%9Fik+Krall%C4%B1k+Parlamentosu&rft.date=2015-03-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpublications.parliament.uk%2Fpa%2Fcm201415%2Fcmselect%2Fcmfaff%2F649%2F649.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFHousehold_Income_Distribution2016" class="kaynak report"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.statistics.gov.hk/pub/B11200962016XXXXB0100.pdf">Thematic Report: Household Income Distribution in Hong Kong</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <i>2016 Population By-Census</i> (İngilizce). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Say%C4%B1m_ve_%C4%B0statistik_B%C3%B6l%C3%BCm%C3%BC_(Hong_Kong)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sayım ve İstatistik Bölümü (Hong Kong) (sayfa mevcut değil)">Sayım ve İstatistik Bölümü</a>. Temmuz 2017. 18 Temmuz 2020 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200718084643/https://www.statistics.gov.hk/pub/B11200962016XXXXB0100.pdf">arşivlendi</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 9 Mayıs 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Thematic+Report%3A+Household+Income+Distribution+in+Hong+Kong&rft.pub=Say%C4%B1m+ve+%C4%B0statistik+B%C3%B6l%C3%BCm%C3%BC&rft.date=2017-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.statistics.gov.hk%2Fpub%2FB11200962016XXXXB0100.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFTourism_Facts2016" class="kaynak report"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.hk/en/about/abouthk/factsheets/docs/tourism.pdf">Tourism</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <i>Hong Kong: The Facts</i> (İngilizce). Hong Kong Hükûmeti. Mayıs 2016. 16 Haziran 2020 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200616000231/https://www.gov.hk/en/about/abouthk/factsheets/docs/tourism.pdf">arşivlendi</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 17 Mayıs 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Tourism&rft.pub=Hong+Kong+H%C3%BCk%C3%BBmeti&rft.date=2016-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.hk%2Fen%2Fabout%2Fabouthk%2Ffactsheets%2Fdocs%2Ftourism.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFTransport_Statistical_Highlights2016" class="kaynak report"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.legco.gov.hk/research-publications/english/1617issh06-public-transport-20161028-e.pdf">Transport: Statistical Highlights</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong_Yasama_Meclisi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong Yasama Meclisi (sayfa mevcut değil)">Hong Kong Yasama Meclisi</a>. 28 Ekim 2016. 9 Ocak 2020 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200109204934/https://www.legco.gov.hk/research-publications/english/1617issh06-public-transport-20161028-e.pdf">arşivlendi</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 16 Mayıs 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Transport%3A+Statistical+Highlights&rft.pub=Hong+Kong+Yasama+Meclisi&rft.date=2016-10-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.legco.gov.hk%2Fresearch-publications%2Fenglish%2F1617issh06-public-transport-20161028-e.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFTriennial_Central_Bank_Survey2016" class="kaynak report"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bis.org/publ/rpfx16fx.pdf">Triennial Central Bank Survey: Foreign exchange turnover in April 2016</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> (İngilizce). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bank_for_International_Settlements&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bank for International Settlements (sayfa mevcut değil)">Bank for International Settlements</a>. Eylül 2016. 26 Ağustos 2019 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190826125337/https://www.bis.org/publ/rpfx16fx.pdf">arşivlendi</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 11 Mayıs 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Triennial+Central+Bank+Survey%3A+Foreign+exchange+turnover+in+April+2016&rft.pub=Bank+for+International+Settlements&rft.date=2016-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bis.org%2Fpubl%2Frpfx16fx.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFUse_of_Chinese_in_Court_Proceedings2011" class="kaynak report"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.legco.gov.hk/yr11-12/english/sec/library/1112in17-e.pdf">Use of Chinese in Court Proceedings</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> (İngilizce). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong_Yasama_Meclisi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong Yasama Meclisi (sayfa mevcut değil)">Hong Kong Yasama Meclisi</a>. 2011. 9 Ağustos 2020 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200809065252/https://www.legco.gov.hk/yr11-12/english/sec/library/1112in17-e.pdf">arşivlendi</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 9 Mayıs 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Use+of+Chinese+in+Court+Proceedings&rft.pub=Hong+Kong+Yasama+Meclisi&rft.date=2011&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.legco.gov.hk%2Fyr11-12%2Fenglish%2Fsec%2Flibrary%2F1112in17-e.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Gazete_ve_dergi_makaleleri">Gazete ve dergi makaleleri</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&veaction=edit&section=25" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Gazete ve dergi makaleleri" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=25" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Gazete ve dergi makaleleri"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r24952096"><div class="refbegin reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 35em; -webkit-column-width: 35em; column-width: 35em;"> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFBaldwinLeeJim2014" class="kaynak haber">Baldwin, Clare; Lee, Yimou; Jim, Clare (30 Aralık 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-hongkong-china-economy-specialreport/special-report-the-mainlands-colonization-of-the-hong-kong-economy-idUSKBN0K901320141231">"Special Report: The mainland's colonisation of the Hong Kong economy"</a> (İngilizce). <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a>. 25 Aralık 2017 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171225153221/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-hongkong-china-economy-specialreport/special-report-the-mainlands-colonization-of-the-hong-kong-economy-idUSKBN0K901320141231">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 26 Aralık 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Special+Report%3A+The+mainland%27s+colonisation+of+the+Hong+Kong+economy&rft.date=2014-12-30&rft.aulast=Baldwin&rft.aufirst=Clare&rft.au=Lee%2C+Yimou&rft.au=Jim%2C+Clare&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-hongkong-china-economy-specialreport%2Fspecial-report-the-mainlands-colonization-of-the-hong-kong-economy-idUSKBN0K901320141231&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBland2016" class="kaynak haber">Bland, Ben (31 Temmuz 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/content/c6e07268-56fd-11e6-9f70-badea1b336d4">"Hong Kong ban on pro-independence candidates sparks backlash"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Financial_Times" title="Financial Times">Financial Times</a></i> (İngilizce). 12 Haziran 2018 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180612162809/https://www.ft.com/content/c6e07268-56fd-11e6-9f70-badea1b336d4">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">26 Haziran</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hong+Kong+ban+on+pro-independence+candidates+sparks+backlash&rft.date=2016-07-31&rft.aulast=Bland&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fcontent%2Fc6e07268-56fd-11e6-9f70-badea1b336d4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFCheungHo2013" class="kaynak haber">Cheung, Tony; Ho, Lauren (19 Ocak 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1131216/cy-leung-insists-housing-policy-wont-cause-property-crash">"CY Leung insists housing policy won't cause property crash"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/South_China_Morning_Post" title="South China Morning Post">South China Morning Post</a></i> (İngilizce). 15 Kasım 2017 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171115212726/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1131216/cy-leung-insists-housing-policy-wont-cause-property-crash">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 14 Kasım 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CY+Leung+insists+housing+policy+won%27t+cause+property+crash&rft.date=2013-01-19&rft.aulast=Cheung&rft.aufirst=Tony&rft.au=Ho%2C+Lauren&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scmp.com%2Fnews%2Fhong-kong%2Farticle%2F1131216%2Fcy-leung-insists-housing-policy-wont-cause-property-crash&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFDarrach2019" class="kaynak dergi">Darrach, Amanda (14 Haziran 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190629100246/https://www.cjr.org/analysis/how-many-marched-protests-hong-kong-how-guess-crowd-size.php">"How many really marched in Hong Kong? And how should we best guess crowd size?"</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Columbia_Journalism_Review&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Columbia Journalism Review (sayfa mevcut değil)">Columbia Journalism Review</a></i> (İngilizce). 29 Haziran 2019 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cjr.org/analysis/how-many-marched-protests-hong-kong-how-guess-crowd-size.php">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">23 Ekim</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=How+many+really+marched+in+Hong+Kong%3F+And+how+should+we+best+guess+crowd+size%3F&rft.date=2019-06-14&rft.aulast=Darrach&rft.aufirst=Amanda&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cjr.org%2Fanalysis%2Fhow-many-marched-protests-hong-kong-how-guess-crowd-size.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREF"End_of_an_experiment",_The_Economist" class="kaynak haber"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.economist.com/briefing/2010/07/15/end-of-an-experiment">"End of an experiment"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Economist" title="The Economist">The Economist</a></i> (İngilizce). 15 Temmuz 2010. 12 Haziran 2018 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180612162619/https://www.economist.com/node/16591088">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 5 Eylül 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=End+of+an+experiment&rft.date=2010-07-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.economist.com%2Fbriefing%2F2010%2F07%2F15%2Fend-of-an-experiment&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFFrank2018" class="kaynak haber">Frank, Robert (5 Eylül 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnbc.com/2018/09/05/hong-kong-topples-new-york-as-worlds-richest-city.html">"Hong Kong topples New York as world's richest city"</a> (İngilizce). <a href="/wiki/CNBC" title="CNBC">CNBC</a>. 21 Nisan 2019 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190421203419/https://www.cnbc.com/2018/09/05/hong-kong-topples-new-york-as-worlds-richest-city.html">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">21 Nisan</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hong+Kong+topples+New+York+as+world%27s+richest+city&rft.pub=CNBC&rft.date=2018-09-05&rft.aulast=Frank&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnbc.com%2F2018%2F09%2F05%2Fhong-kong-topples-new-york-as-worlds-richest-city.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFGargan1997" class="kaynak haber">Gargan, Edward A. (1 Temmuz 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1997/07/01/world/china-resumes-control-of-hong-kong-concluding-156-years-of-british-rule.html">"China Resumes Control of Hong Kong, Concluding 156 Years of British Rule"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i> (İngilizce). 5 Ocak 2018 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180105180554/http://www.nytimes.com/1997/07/01/world/china-resumes-control-of-hong-kong-concluding-156-years-of-british-rule.html">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">5 Ocak</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=China+Resumes+Control+of+Hong+Kong%2C+Concluding+156+Years+of+British+Rule&rft.date=1997-07-01&rft.aulast=Gargan&rft.aufirst=Edward+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1997%2F07%2F01%2Fworld%2Fchina-resumes-control-of-hong-kong-concluding-156-years-of-british-rule.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFGriffithsLazarus2018" class="kaynak haber">Griffiths, James; Lazarus, Sarah (22 Ekim 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/2018/10/21/world/hong-kong-zhuhai-macau-bridge-intl/index.html">"World's longest sea-crossing bridge opens between Hong Kong and China"</a> (İngilizce). <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a>. 16 Şubat 2019 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190216094145/https://www.cnn.com/2018/10/21/world/hong-kong-zhuhai-macau-bridge-intl/index.html">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 15 Şubat 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World%27s+longest+sea-crossing+bridge+opens+between+Hong+Kong+and+China&rft.pub=CNN&rft.date=2018-10-22&rft.aulast=Griffiths&rft.aufirst=James&rft.au=Lazarus%2C+Sarah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2018%2F10%2F21%2Fworld%2Fhong-kong-zhuhai-macau-bridge-intl%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFHaas2017" class="kaynak haber">Haas, Benjamin (14 Temmuz 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/jul/14/hong-kong-pro-democracy-legislators-disqualified-parliament">"Hong Kong pro-democracy legislators disqualified from parliament"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i> (İngilizce). 6 Temmuz 2018 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180706012533/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/jul/14/hong-kong-pro-democracy-legislators-disqualified-parliament">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">5 Temmuz</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hong+Kong+pro-democracy+legislators+disqualified+from+parliament&rft.date=2017-07-14&rft.aulast=Haas&rft.aufirst=Benjamin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2017%2Fjul%2F14%2Fhong-kong-pro-democracy-legislators-disqualified-parliament&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFHe2013" class="kaynak haber">He, Huifeng (13 Ocak 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scmp.com/news/china/article/1126786/forgotten-stories-huge-escape-hong-kong">"Forgotten stories of the great escape to Hong Kong"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/South_China_Morning_Post" title="South China Morning Post">South China Morning Post</a></i> (İngilizce). 28 Aralık 2017 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171228062604/http://www.scmp.com/news/china/article/1126786/forgotten-stories-huge-escape-hong-kong">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 27 Aralık 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Forgotten+stories+of+the+great+escape+to+Hong+Kong&rft.date=2013-01-13&rft.aulast=He&rft.aufirst=Huifeng&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scmp.com%2Fnews%2Fchina%2Farticle%2F1126786%2Fforgotten-stories-huge-escape-hong-kong&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFHollingsworthZheng2017" class="kaynak haber">Hollingsworth, Julia; Zheng, Sarah (27 Mart 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scmp.com/lifestyle/article/2081852/top-10-hong-kong-skyscraper-nicknames-big-syringe-hong-kong-finger">"Top 10 Hong Kong skyscraper nicknames, from the Big Syringe to the Hong Kong Finger"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/South_China_Morning_Post" title="South China Morning Post">South China Morning Post</a></i> (İngilizce). 26 Haziran 2018 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180626111402/http://www.scmp.com/lifestyle/article/2081852/top-10-hong-kong-skyscraper-nicknames-big-syringe-hong-kong-finger">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">26 Haziran</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Top+10+Hong+Kong+skyscraper+nicknames%2C+from+the+Big+Syringe+to+the+Hong+Kong+Finger&rft.date=2017-03-27&rft.aulast=Hollingsworth&rft.aufirst=Julia&rft.au=Zheng%2C+Sarah&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scmp.com%2Flifestyle%2Farticle%2F2081852%2Ftop-10-hong-kong-skyscraper-nicknames-big-syringe-hong-kong-finger&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFHuang2016" class="kaynak haber">Huang, Echo (15 Kasım 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://qz.com/837562/a-hong-kong-court-has-disqualifed-yau-wia-ching-and-baggio-leung-from-the-legco-for-refusing-to-take-their-oath-correctly/">"A Hong Kong court has disqualified two legislators who refused to take their oath "correctly<span style="padding-right:0.2em;">"</span>"</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quartz_(yay%C4%B1n)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Quartz (yayın) (sayfa mevcut değil)">Quartz</a></i> (İngilizce). 6 Temmuz 2018 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180706075029/https://qz.com/837562/a-hong-kong-court-has-disqualifed-yau-wia-ching-and-baggio-leung-from-the-legco-for-refusing-to-take-their-oath-correctly/">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">5 Temmuz</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Hong+Kong+court+has+disqualified+two+legislators+who+refused+to+take+their+oath+%22correctly%22&rft.date=2016-11-15&rft.aulast=Huang&rft.aufirst=Echo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fqz.com%2F837562%2Fa-hong-kong-court-has-disqualifed-yau-wia-ching-and-baggio-leung-from-the-legco-for-refusing-to-take-their-oath-correctly%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFKaiman2014" class="kaynak haber">Kaiman, Jonathan (30 Eylül 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/sep/30/-sp-hong-kong-umbrella-revolution-pro-democracy-protests">"Hong Kong's umbrella revolution - the Guardian briefing"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i> (İngilizce). 1 Ağustos 2017 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170801161153/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/sep/30/-sp-hong-kong-umbrella-revolution-pro-democracy-protests">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 3 Şubat 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hong+Kong%27s+umbrella+revolution+-+the+Guardian+briefing&rft.date=2014-09-30&rft.aulast=Kaiman&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2014%2Fsep%2F30%2F-sp-hong-kong-umbrella-revolution-pro-democracy-protests&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFKong2013" class="kaynak dergi">Kong, Daniel (8 Ağustos 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131029191633/http://modernfarmer.com/2013/08/hong-kong-imports-over-90-of-its-food-can-it-learn-to-grow/">"Hong Kong Imports Over 90% of Its Food. Can It Learn to Grow?"</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Modern_Farmer_(dergi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Modern Farmer (dergi) (sayfa mevcut değil)">Modern Farmer</a></i> (İngilizce). 29 Ekim 2013 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://modernfarmer.com/2013/08/hong-kong-imports-over-90-of-its-food-can-it-learn-to-grow/">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">26 Ekim</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hong+Kong+Imports+Over+90%25+of+Its+Food.+Can+It+Learn+to+Grow%3F&rft.date=2013-08-08&rft.aulast=Kong&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmodernfarmer.com%2F2013%2F08%2Fhong-kong-imports-over-90-of-its-food-can-it-learn-to-grow%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFLiu2018" class="kaynak haber">Liu, Alfred (5 Eylül 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-09-06/hong-kong-passes-new-york-as-home-to-the-most-ultra-rich-people">"These Are the Cities With the Most Ultra-Rich People"</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bloomberg_News&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bloomberg News (sayfa mevcut değil)">Bloomberg News</a></i> (İngilizce). 24 Nisan 2019 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190424214207/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-09-06/hong-kong-passes-new-york-as-home-to-the-most-ultra-rich-people">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">21 Nisan</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=These+Are+the+Cities+With+the+Most+Ultra-Rich+People&rft.date=2018-09-05&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Alfred&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2018-09-06%2Fhong-kong-passes-new-york-as-home-to-the-most-ultra-rich-people&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFPark2019" class="kaynak haber">Park, Kyunghee (23 Ocak 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-01-23/hong-kong-port-falls-to-lowest-position-in-at-least-40-years">"Once the World's Greatest Port, Hong Kong Sinks in Global Ranking"</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bloomberg_News&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bloomberg News (sayfa mevcut değil)">Bloomberg News</a></i> (İngilizce). 15 Şubat 2019 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190215161336/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-01-23/hong-kong-port-falls-to-lowest-position-in-at-least-40-years">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 14 Şubat 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Once+the+World%27s+Greatest+Port%2C+Hong+Kong+Sinks+in+Global+Ranking&rft.date=2019-01-23&rft.aulast=Park&rft.aufirst=Kyunghee&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2019-01-23%2Fhong-kong-port-falls-to-lowest-position-in-at-least-40-years&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFSiuChung2017" class="kaynak haber">Siu, Phila; Chung, Kimmy (27 Aralık 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/2125820/chinas-top-body-approves-plan-enforce-mainland-laws-joint">"Controversial joint checkpoint plan approved for high-speed rail link as Hong Kong officials dismiss concerns over legality"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/South_China_Morning_Post" title="South China Morning Post">South China Morning Post</a></i> (İngilizce). 6 Temmuz 2018 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180706104016/https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/2125820/chinas-top-body-approves-plan-enforce-mainland-laws-joint">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">5 Temmuz</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Controversial+joint+checkpoint+plan+approved+for+high-speed+rail+link+as+Hong+Kong+officials+dismiss+concerns+over+legality&rft.date=2017-12-27&rft.aulast=Siu&rft.aufirst=Phila&rft.au=Chung%2C+Kimmy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scmp.com%2Fnews%2Fhong-kong%2Fpolitics%2Farticle%2F2125820%2Fchinas-top-body-approves-plan-enforce-mainland-laws-joint&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFTam2017" class="kaynak haber">Tam, Luisa (11 Eylül 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/2110645/self-centred-demanding-materialistic-and-arrogant-how-steer-clear">"Self-centred, demanding, materialistic and arrogant: how to steer clear of the Kong Girls"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/South_China_Morning_Post" title="South China Morning Post">South China Morning Post</a></i> (İngilizce). Hong Kong. 28 Aralık 2017 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171228174616/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/2110645/self-centred-demanding-materialistic-and-arrogant-how-steer-clear">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 27 Aralık 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Self-centred%2C+demanding%2C+materialistic+and+arrogant%3A+how+to+steer+clear+of+the+Kong+Girls&rft.place=Hong+Kong&rft.date=2017-09-11&rft.aulast=Tam&rft.aufirst=Luisa&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scmp.com%2Fnews%2Fhong-kong%2Farticle%2F2110645%2Fself-centred-demanding-materialistic-and-arrogant-how-steer-clear&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREF"To_restore_calm_in_Hong_Kong,_try_democracy",_The_Economist" class="kaynak haber"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.economist.com/leaders/2019/06/20/to-restore-calm-in-hong-kong-try-democracy">"To restore calm in Hong Kong, try democracy"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Economist" title="The Economist">The Economist</a></i> (İngilizce). 20 Haziran 2019. 23 Ekim 2019 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191023233511/https://www.economist.com/leaders/2019/06/20/to-restore-calm-in-hong-kong-try-democracy">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">23 Ekim</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=To+restore+calm+in+Hong+Kong%2C+try+democracy&rft.date=2019-06-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.economist.com%2Fleaders%2F2019%2F06%2F20%2Fto-restore-calm-in-hong-kong-try-democracy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFYauZhou2017" class="kaynak haber">Yau, Cannix; Zhou, Viola (9 Haziran 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/economy/article/2097715/what-hope-poorest-hong-kong-wealth-gap-hits-record-high">"What hope for the poorest? Hong Kong wealth gap hits record high"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/South_China_Morning_Post" title="South China Morning Post">South China Morning Post</a></i> (İngilizce). 2 Aralık 2017 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171202031318/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/economy/article/2097715/what-hope-poorest-hong-kong-wealth-gap-hits-record-high">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 30 Kasım 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=What+hope+for+the+poorest%3F+Hong+Kong+wealth+gap+hits+record+high&rft.date=2017-06-09&rft.aulast=Yau&rft.aufirst=Cannix&rft.au=Zhou%2C+Viola&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scmp.com%2Fnews%2Fhong-kong%2Feconomy%2Farticle%2F2097715%2Fwhat-hope-poorest-hong-kong-wealth-gap-hits-record-high&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFYu2013" class="kaynak haber">Yu, Verna (6 Ocak 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1120852/veterans-who-fled-mainland-hong-kong-1970s-tell-their-stories">"Veterans who fled mainland for Hong Kong in 1970s tell their stories"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/South_China_Morning_Post" title="South China Morning Post">South China Morning Post</a></i> (İngilizce). 16 Ekim 2013 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131016112218/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1120852/veterans-who-fled-mainland-hong-kong-1970s-tell-their-stories">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 9 Eylül 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Veterans+who+fled+mainland+for+Hong+Kong+in+1970s+tell+their+stories&rft.date=2013-01-06&rft.aulast=Yu&rft.aufirst=Verna&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scmp.com%2Fnews%2Fhong-kong%2Farticle%2F1120852%2Fveterans-who-fled-mainland-hong-kong-1970s-tell-their-stories&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFZheng2017" class="kaynak haber">Zheng, Sarah (14 Ocak 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/education-community/article/2062004/hong-kongs-heritage-sites-face-continued-threat">"Hong Kong's heritage sites face continued threat despite government grading system"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/South_China_Morning_Post" title="South China Morning Post">South China Morning Post</a></i> (İngilizce). Hong Kong. 6 Mart 2018 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180306115721/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/education-community/article/2062004/hong-kongs-heritage-sites-face-continued-threat">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">5 Mart</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hong+Kong%27s+heritage+sites+face+continued+threat+despite+government+grading+system&rft.place=Hong+Kong&rft.date=2017-01-14&rft.aulast=Zheng&rft.aufirst=Sarah&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scmp.com%2Fnews%2Fhong-kong%2Feducation-community%2Farticle%2F2062004%2Fhong-kongs-heritage-sites-face-continued-threat&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Web_siteleri">Web siteleri</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&veaction=edit&section=26" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Web siteleri" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=26" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Web siteleri"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r24952096"><div class="refbegin reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 35em; -webkit-column-width: 35em; column-width: 35em;"> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFDesjardins2018" class="kaynak web">Desjardins, Jeff (14 Mart 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/these-25-countries-have-the-most-billionaires-2018-3">"These 25 countries have the most billionaires"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Business_Insider" title="Business Insider">Business Insider</a></i> (İngilizce). 15 Mart 2018 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180315021148/https://www.businessinsider.com/these-25-countries-have-the-most-billionaires-2018-3">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">3 Nisan</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Business+Insider&rft.atitle=These+25+countries+have+the+most+billionaires&rft.date=2018-03-14&rft.aulast=Desjardins&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.businessinsider.com%2Fthese-25-countries-have-the-most-billionaires-2018-3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFLegislative_Council_Disclaimer_and_Copyright_Notice" class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20010611123132/http://www.legco.gov.hk/english/disclaim.htm">"Disclaimer and Copyright Notice"</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong_Yasama_Meclisi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong Yasama Meclisi (sayfa mevcut değil)">Hong Kong Yasama Meclisi</a></i> (İngilizce). 11 Haziran 2001 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.legco.gov.hk/english/disclaim.htm">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 27 Kasım 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hong+Kong+Yasama+Meclisi&rft.atitle=Disclaimer+and+Copyright+Notice&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.legco.gov.hk%2Fenglish%2Fdisclaim.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREF"HK_records_hottest_day_before_typhoon",_EJ_Insight" class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180729141559/http://www.ejinsight.com/20170823-hk-records-hottest-day-before-typhoon/">"HK records hottest day before typhoon"</a>. <i>EJ Insight</i> (İngilizce). 23 Ağustos 2017. 29 Temmuz 2018 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ejinsight.com/20170823-hk-records-hottest-day-before-typhoon/">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 29 Ağustos 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=EJ+Insight&rft.atitle=HK+records+hottest+day+before+typhoon&rft.date=2017-08-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ejinsight.com%2F20170823-hk-records-hottest-day-before-typhoon%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREF"HK_vs_China_GDP:_A_sobering_reality",_EJ_Insight" class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180829090354/http://www.ejinsight.com/20170609-hk-versus-china-gdp-a-sobering-reality/">"HK vs China GDP: A sobering reality"</a>. <i>EJ Insight</i> (İngilizce). 9 Haziran 2017. 29 Ağustos 2018 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ejinsight.com/20170609-hk-versus-china-gdp-a-sobering-reality/">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">29 Ocak</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=EJ+Insight&rft.atitle=HK+vs+China+GDP%3A+A+sobering+reality&rft.date=2017-06-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ejinsight.com%2F20170609-hk-versus-china-gdp-a-sobering-reality%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFKohlstedt2016" class="kaynak web">Kohlstedt, Kurt (5 Eylül 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160908131031/https://99percentinvisible.org/article/dragons-feng-shui-shapes-skyline-hong-kong/">"Here Be Dragons: How Feng Shui Shapes the Skyline of Hong Kong"</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=99%25_Invisible&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="99% Invisible (sayfa mevcut değil)">99% Invisible</a></i> (İngilizce). 8 Eylül 2016 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://99percentinvisible.org/article/dragons-feng-shui-shapes-skyline-hong-kong/">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">23 Haziran</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=99%25+Invisible&rft.atitle=Here+Be+Dragons%3A+How+Feng+Shui+Shapes+the+Skyline+of+Hong+Kong&rft.date=2016-09-05&rft.aulast=Kohlstedt&rft.aufirst=Kurt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2F99percentinvisible.org%2Farticle%2Fdragons-feng-shui-shapes-skyline-hong-kong%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFKwong2015" class="kaynak web">Kwong, Chi Man (9 Eylül 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180627034106/http://theasiadialogue.com/2015/09/09/hong-kong-during-world-war-ii-a-transnational-battlefield/">"Hong Kong during World War II: A Transnational Battlefield"</a> (İngilizce). <a href="/wiki/Nottingham_%C3%9Cniversitesi" title="Nottingham Üniversitesi">Nottingham Üniversitesi</a>. 27 Haziran 2018 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://theasiadialogue.com/2015/09/09/hong-kong-during-world-war-ii-a-transnational-battlefield/">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">22 Ocak</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hong+Kong+during+World+War+II%3A+A+Transnational+Battlefield&rft.pub=Nottingham+%C3%9Cniversitesi&rft.date=2015-09-09&rft.aulast=Kwong&rft.aufirst=Chi+Man&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftheasiadialogue.com%2F2015%2F09%2F09%2Fhong-kong-during-world-war-ii-a-transnational-battlefield%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFLamQiu2017" class="kaynak web">Lam, Eric; Qiu, Yue (23 Haziran 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/graphics/2017-hang-seng-index/">"Hong Kong's Stock Market Tells the Story of China's Growing Dominance"</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bloomberg_News&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bloomberg News (sayfa mevcut değil)">Bloomberg News</a></i> (İngilizce). 22 Haziran 2017 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170622224350/https://www.bloomberg.com/graphics/2017-hang-seng-index/">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 26 Aralık 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg+News&rft.atitle=Hong+Kong%27s+Stock+Market+Tells+the+Story+of+China%27s+Growing+Dominance&rft.date=2017-06-23&rft.aulast=Lam&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.au=Qiu%2C+Yue&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fgraphics%2F2017-hang-seng-index%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREF"Land_Use_in_Hong_Kong_2017",_Planning_Department" class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100128044405/http://www.pland.gov.hk/pland_en/info_serv/statistic/landu.html">"Land Use in Hong Kong 2017"</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong_%C5%9Eehir_Planlama_Kurulu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong Şehir Planlama Kurulu (sayfa mevcut değil)">Hong Kong Şehir Planlama Kurulu</a></i> (İngilizce). 28 Ocak 2010 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pland.gov.hk/pland_en/info_serv/statistic/landu.html">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 1 Eylül 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hong+Kong+%C5%9Eehir+Planlama+Kurulu&rft.atitle=Land+Use+in+Hong+Kong+2017&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pland.gov.hk%2Fpland_en%2Finfo_serv%2Fstatistic%2Flandu.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> </div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Çin&#039;in_eyalet_düzeyi_idari_bölümleri" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r25548259">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei">Hubei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunan" title="Hunan">Hunan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiangsu" title="Jiangsu">Jiangsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiangxi" title="Jiangxi">Jiangxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jilin" title="Jilin">Jilin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kansu" title="Kansu">Kansu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liaoning" title="Liaoning">Liaoning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Si%C3%A7uan" title="Siçuan">Siçuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eansi" class="mw-redirect" title="Şansi">Şansi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eantung" title="Şantung">Şantung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eensi" title="Şensi">Şensi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tayvan_(%C3%87in_Halk_Cumhuriyeti)" title="Tayvan (Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti)">Tayvan</a><sup>*</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Y%C3%BCnnan" title="Yünnan">Yünnan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhejiang" title="Zhejiang">Zhejiang</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:China_administrative_TR.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/China_administrative_TR.gif/140px-China_administrative_TR.gif" decoding="async" width="140" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/China_administrative_TR.gif/210px-China_administrative_TR.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/China_administrative_TR.gif/280px-China_administrative_TR.gif 2x" data-file-width="857" data-file-height="699" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%C3%87in%27deki_%C3%B6zerk_b%C3%B6lgeler" class="mw-redirect" title="Çin'deki özerk bölgeler">Özerk bölgeler</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guang%C5%9Fi_Zhuang_%C3%96zerk_B%C3%B6lgesi" title="Guangşi Zhuang Özerk Bölgesi">Guangşi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0%C3%A7_Mo%C4%9Folistan" title="İç Moğolistan">İç Moğolistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ningksia_Huy_%C3%96zerk_B%C3%B6lgesi" class="mw-redirect" title="Ningksia Huy Özerk Bölgesi">Ningksia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sincan_Uygur_%C3%96zerk_B%C3%B6lgesi" title="Sincan Uygur Özerk Bölgesi">Sincan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibet_%C3%96zerk_B%C3%B6lgesi" title="Tibet Özerk Bölgesi">Tibet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%C3%87in%27in_do%C4%9Frudan_y%C3%B6netilen_%C5%9Fehirleri" title="Çin'in doğrudan yönetilen şehirleri">Doğrudan yönetilen şehirler</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pekin" title="Pekin">Pekin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%87ong%C3%A7ing" title="Çongçing">Çongçing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eanghay" title="Şanghay">Şanghay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tientsin" title="Tientsin">Tientsin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%C3%87in%27in_%C3%B6zel_idari_b%C3%B6lgeleri" title="Çin'in özel idari bölgeleri">Özel idari bölgeler</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makao" title="Makao">Makao</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><sup>*</sup> Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti tarafından hak iddia edilmektedir, ancak fiilen <a href="/wiki/%C3%87in_Cumhuriyeti" class="mw-redirect" title="Çin Cumhuriyeti">Çin Cumhuriyeti</a> tarafından yönetilmektedir.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Dünyanın_en_kalabalık_şehirleri" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25548259"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eablon:D%C3%BCnyan%C4%B1n_en_kalabal%C4%B1k_yerleri" title="Şablon:Dünyanın en kalabalık yerleri"><abbr title="Bu şablonu görüntüle" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">g</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eablon_tart%C4%B1%C5%9Fma:D%C3%BCnyan%C4%B1n_en_kalabal%C4%B1k_yerleri" title="Şablon tartışma:Dünyanın en kalabalık yerleri"><abbr title="Bu şablonu tartış" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Eablon:D%C3%BCnyan%C4%B1n_en_kalabal%C4%B1k_yerleri&action=edit"><abbr title="Bu şablonu değiştir" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">d</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Dünyanın_en_kalabalık_şehirleri" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/N%C3%BCfuslar%C4%B1na_g%C3%B6re_b%C3%BCy%C3%BCk_%C5%9Fehirler_listesi" title="Nüfuslarına göre büyük şehirler listesi">Dünyanın en kalabalık şehirleri</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px;"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:auto;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;padding-left:0.25em;;;;width:20%;"><div> <p>1. <a href="/wiki/Tokyo_Metropol%C3%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="Tokyo Metropolü">Tokyo-Yokohama</a>, Japonya<br /> 2. <a href="/wiki/Cakarta" title="Cakarta">Cakarta</a>, Endonezya<br /> 3. <a href="/wiki/Delhi" title="Delhi">Delhi</a>, Hindistan<br /> 4. <a href="/wiki/Guangzhou" title="Guangzhou">Guangzhou</a>–<a href="/wiki/Foshan" title="Foshan">Foshan</a>, Çin<br /> 5. <a href="/wiki/Mumbai" title="Mumbai">Mumbai</a>, Hindistan<br /> 6. <a href="/wiki/Metro_Manila" title="Metro Manila">Manila</a>, Filipinler<br /> 7. <a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eanghay" title="Şanghay">Şanghay</a>, Çin<br /> 8. <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Paulo" title="São Paulo">São Paulo</a>, Brezilya<br /> 9. <a href="/wiki/Seul_Ulusal_Ba%C5%9Fkent_B%C3%B6lgesi" title="Seul Ulusal Başkent Bölgesi">Seul-İncheon</a>, Güney Kore<br /> 10. <a href="/wiki/Meksiko" title="Meksiko">Meksiko</a>, Meksika<br /> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;padding-left:0.25em;;;;width:20%;"><div> <p>11. <a href="/wiki/New_York" title="New York">New York</a>, ABD<br /> 12. <a href="/wiki/Kahire" title="Kahire">Kahire</a>, Mısır<br /> 13. <a href="/wiki/Dakka" title="Dakka">Dakka</a>, Bangladeş<br /> 14. <a href="/wiki/Pekin" title="Pekin">Pekin</a>, Çin<br /> 15. <a href="/wiki/Kalk%C3%BCta" title="Kalküta">Kalküta</a>, Hindistan<br /> 16. <a href="/wiki/Bangkok" title="Bangkok">Bangkok</a>, Tayland<br /> 17. <a href="/wiki/Shenzhen" title="Shenzhen">Shenzhen</a>, Çin<br /> 18. <a href="/wiki/Moskova" title="Moskova">Moskova</a>, Rusya<br /> 19. <a href="/wiki/Buenos_Aires" title="Buenos Aires">Buenos Aires</a>, Arjantin<br /> 20. <a href="/wiki/Lagos" title="Lagos">Lagos</a>, Nijerya<br /> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;padding-left:0.25em;;;;width:20%;"><div> <p>21. <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0stanbul" title="İstanbul">İstanbul</a>, Türkiye<br /> 22. <a href="/wiki/Kara%C3%A7i" title="Karaçi">Karaçi</a>, Pakistan<br /> 23. <a href="/wiki/Bangalore" title="Bangalore">Bangalore</a>, Hindistan<br /> 24. <a href="/wiki/B%C3%BCy%C3%BCk_Los_Angeles_Alan%C4%B1" title="Büyük Los Angeles Alanı">Los Angeles</a>, ABD<br /> 25. <a href="/wiki/Ho_Chi_Minh_Kenti" title="Ho Chi Minh Kenti">Ho Chi Minh Kenti</a>, Vietnam<br /> 26. <a href="/wiki/Keihanshin" title="Keihanshin">Osaka-Kobe-Kyoto</a>, Japonya<br /> 27. <a href="/wiki/%C3%87engdu" title="Çengdu">Çengdu</a>, Çin<br /> 28. <a href="/wiki/Johannesburg" title="Johannesburg">Johannesburg</a>-<a href="/wiki/Pretoria" title="Pretoria">Pretoria</a>, Güney Afrika<br /> 29. <a href="/wiki/Tahran" title="Tahran">Tahran</a>, İran<br /> 30. <a href="/wiki/Kin%C5%9Fasa" title="Kinşasa">Kinşasa</a>, Kongo Demokratik Cumhuriyeti<br /> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;padding-left:0.25em;;;;width:20%;"><div> <p>31. <a href="/wiki/Rio_de_Janeiro" title="Rio de Janeiro">Rio de Janeiro</a>, Brezilya<br /> 32. <a href="/wiki/Chennai" title="Chennai">Chennai</a>, Hindistan<br /> 33. <a href="/wiki/Xi%27an" class="mw-redirect" title="Xi'an">Xi'an</a>, Çin<br /> 34. <a href="/wiki/Lahor" title="Lahor">Lahor</a>, Pakistan<br /> 35. <a href="/wiki/%C3%87ong%C3%A7ing" title="Çongçing">Çongçing</a>, Çin<br /> 36. <a href="/wiki/Londra" title="Londra">Londra</a>, Birleşik Krallık<br /> 37. <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>, Fransa<br /> 38. <a href="/wiki/Zhengzhou" class="mw-redirect" title="Zhengzhou">Zhengzhou</a>, Çin<br /> 39. <a href="/wiki/Dongguan" title="Dongguan">Dongguan</a>, Çin<br /> 40. <a href="/wiki/Haydarabad,_Hindistan" title="Haydarabad, Hindistan">Haydarabad</a>, Hindistan<br /> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;padding-left:0.25em;;;;width:20%;"><div> <p>41. <a href="/wiki/Tientsin" title="Tientsin">Tientsin</a>, Çin<br /> 42. <a href="/wiki/Lima" title="Lima">Lima</a>, Peru<br /> 43. <a href="/wiki/Vuhan" title="Vuhan">Vuhan</a>, Çin<br /> 44. <a href="/wiki/Bogot%C3%A1" title="Bogotá">Bogotá</a>, Kolombiya<br /> 45. <a href="/wiki/Hangzhou" title="Hangzhou">Hangzhou</a>, Çin<br /> 46. <a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%ABky%C5%8D_(b%C3%B6lge)" title="Chūkyō (bölge)">Nagoya</a>, Japonya<br /> 47. <a href="/wiki/Taipei" title="Taipei">Taipei</a>, Tayvan/Çin<sup>1</sup><br /> 48. <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a>, ABD<br /> 49. <a href="/wiki/Luanda" title="Luanda">Luanda</a>, Angola<br /> 50. <a href="/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur" title="Kuala Lumpur">Kuala Lumpur</a>, Malezya<br /> </p> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b>Kaynak:</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.demographia.com/db-worldua.pdf">Demographia</a> (2022, ss. 21-22)<br /><sup>1</sup> <a href="/wiki/Tayvan" title="Tayvan">Tayvan</a> (Çin Cumhuriyeti) <i><a href="/wiki/De_facto" title="De facto">de facto</a></i> olarak bağımsız olsa da, uluslararası cemiyetin çoğu tarafından <a href="/wiki/%C3%87in" title="Çin">Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti</a>'nin bir parçası olarak tanınır (bkz: <a href="/wiki/Tayvan%27%C4%B1n_siyasi_durumu" title="Tayvan'ın siyasi durumu">Tayvan'ın siyasi durumu</a>).</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Asya_ülkeleri" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25548259"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eablon:Asya_%C3%BClkeleri" title="Şablon:Asya ülkeleri"><abbr title="Bu şablonu görüntüle" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">g</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eablon_tart%C4%B1%C5%9Fma:Asya_%C3%BClkeleri" title="Şablon tartışma:Asya ülkeleri"><abbr title="Bu şablonu tartış" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Eablon:Asya_%C3%BClkeleri&action=edit"><abbr title="Bu şablonu değiştir" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">d</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Asya_ülkeleri" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Asya_%C3%BClkeleri_listesi" title="Asya ülkeleri listesi">Asya ülkeleri</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Egemen_devlet" title="Egemen devlet">Egemen devletler</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan">Afganistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaycan" title="Azerbaycan">Azerbaycan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahreyn" title="Bahreyn">Bahreyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banglade%C5%9F" title="Bangladeş">Bangladeş</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhutan" title="Bhutan">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birle%C5%9Fik_Arap_Emirlikleri" title="Birleşik Arap Emirlikleri">Birleşik Arap Emirlikleri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%87in" title="Çin">Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Do%C4%9Fu_Timor" title="Doğu Timor">Doğu Timor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endonezya" title="Endonezya">Endonezya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ermenistan" title="Ermenistan">Ermenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filipinler" title="Filipinler">Filipinler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCney_Kore" title="Güney Kore">Güney Kore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCrcistan" title="Gürcistan">Gürcistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindistan" title="Hindistan">Hindistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irak" title="Irak">Irak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0ran" title="İran">İran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0srail" title="İsrail">İsrail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japonya" title="Japonya">Japonya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kambo%C3%A7ya" title="Kamboçya">Kamboçya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katar" title="Katar">Katar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakistan" title="Kazakistan">Kazakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C4%B1br%C4%B1s_Cumhuriyeti" title="Kıbrıs Cumhuriyeti">Kıbrıs Cumhuriyeti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C4%B1rg%C4%B1zistan" title="Kırgızistan">Kırgızistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuveyt" title="Kuveyt">Kuveyt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuzey_Kore" title="Kuzey Kore">Kuzey Kore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%BCbnan" title="Lübnan">Lübnan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maldivler" title="Maldivler">Maldivler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malezya" title="Malezya">Malezya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%B1s%C4%B1r" title="Mısır">Mısır</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mo%C4%9Folistan" title="Moğolistan">Moğolistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zbekistan" title="Özbekistan">Özbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rusya" title="Rusya">Rusya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singapur" title="Singapur">Singapur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suriye" title="Suriye">Suriye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suudi_Arabistan" title="Suudi Arabistan">Suudi Arabistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tacikistan" title="Tacikistan">Tacikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tayland" title="Tayland">Tayland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrkiye" title="Türkiye">Türkiye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrkmenistan" title="Türkmenistan">Türkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umman" title="Umman">Umman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Crd%C3%BCn" title="Ürdün">Ürdün</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px;padding: 0 0.5em;"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Asya" title="Asya"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/100px-Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/150px-Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/200px-Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="541" data-file-height="541" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tan%C4%B1nmayan_veya_s%C4%B1n%C4%B1rl%C4%B1_%C5%9Fekilde_tan%C4%B1nan_devletler_listesi" title="Tanınmayan veya sınırlı şekilde tanınan devletler listesi">Sınırlı tanınan devletler</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abhazya" title="Abhazya">Abhazya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tayvan" title="Tayvan">Çin Cumhuriyeti (Tayvan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filistin_Devleti" title="Filistin Devleti">Filistin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCney_Osetya" title="Güney Osetya">Güney Osetya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuzey_K%C4%B1br%C4%B1s_T%C3%BCrk_Cumhuriyeti" title="Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti">Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ba%C4%9F%C4%B1ml%C4%B1_toprak" title="Bağımlı toprak">Bağımlı</a> ve <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel_idari_b%C3%B6lge" title="Özel idari bölge">diğer bölgeler</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Avustralya" title="Avustralya">Avustralya</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_Adas%C4%B1" title="Christmas Adası">Christmas Adası</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cocos_Adalar%C4%B1" title="Cocos Adaları">Cocos Adaları</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Birle%C5%9Fik_Krall%C4%B1k" title="Birleşik Krallık">Birleşik Krallık</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A%C4%9Frotur_ve_Dikelya" title="Ağrotur ve Dikelya">Ağrotur ve Dikelya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Britanya_Hint_Okyanusu_Topraklar%C4%B1" title="Britanya Hint Okyanusu Toprakları">Britanya Hint Okyanusu Toprakları</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%C3%87in" title="Çin">Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makao" title="Makao">Makao</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Trafik_Akışının_Sol_Olduğu_Ülkeler" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25548259"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eablon:Trafik_Ak%C4%B1%C5%9F%C4%B1n%C4%B1n_Sol_Oldu%C4%9Fu_%C3%9Clkeler" title="Şablon:Trafik Akışının Sol Olduğu Ülkeler"><abbr title="Bu şablonu görüntüle" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">g</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eablon_tart%C4%B1%C5%9Fma:Trafik_Ak%C4%B1%C5%9F%C4%B1n%C4%B1n_Sol_Oldu%C4%9Fu_%C3%9Clkeler" title="Şablon tartışma:Trafik Akışının Sol Olduğu Ülkeler"><abbr title="Bu şablonu tartış" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Eablon:Trafik_Ak%C4%B1%C5%9F%C4%B1n%C4%B1n_Sol_Oldu%C4%9Fu_%C3%9Clkeler&action=edit"><abbr title="Bu şablonu değiştir" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">d</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Trafik_Akışının_Sol_Olduğu_Ülkeler" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Trafik Akışının Sol Olduğu Ülkeler</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Avrupa" title="Avrupa">Avrupa</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/A%C4%9Frotur_ve_Dikelya" title="Ağrotur ve Dikelya">Ağrotur ve Dikelya</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Guernsey" title="Guernsey">Guernsey</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birle%C5%9Fik_Krall%C4%B1k" title="Birleşik Krallık">Birleşik Krallık</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0rlanda" title="İrlanda">İrlanda</a> <sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a> <sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Man_Adas%C4%B1" title="Man Adası">Man Adası</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jersey" title="Jersey">Jersey</a></i></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Drive_on_left_in_australia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Drive_on_left_in_australia.jpg/155px-Drive_on_left_in_australia.jpg" decoding="async" width="155" height="233" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Drive_on_left_in_australia.jpg/233px-Drive_on_left_in_australia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Drive_on_left_in_australia.jpg/310px-Drive_on_left_in_australia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Amerika" title="Amerika">Amerika</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Anguilla" title="Anguilla">Anguilla</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antigua_ve_Barbuda" title="Antigua ve Barbuda">Antigua ve Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahamalar" title="Bahamalar">Bahamalar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbados" title="Barbados">Barbados</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bermuda" title="Bermuda">Bermuda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Britanya_Virjin_Adalar%C4%B1" title="Britanya Virjin Adaları">Britanya Virjin Adaları</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cayman_Adalar%C4%B1" title="Cayman Adaları">Cayman Adaları</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominika" title="Dominika">Dominika</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Falkland_Adalar%C4%B1" title="Falkland Adaları">Falkland Adaları</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guyana" title="Guyana">Guyana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamaika" title="Jamaika">Jamaika</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Montserrat" title="Montserrat">Montserrat</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Kitts_ve_Nevis" title="Saint Kitts ve Nevis">Saint Kitts ve Nevis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Lucia" title="Saint Lucia">Saint Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Vincent_ve_Grenadinler" title="Saint Vincent ve Grenadinler">Saint Vincent ve Grenadinler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surinam" title="Surinam">Surinam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinidad_ve_Tobago" title="Trinidad ve Tobago">Trinidad ve Tobago</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Turks_ve_Caicos_Adalar%C4%B1" title="Turks ve Caicos Adaları">Turks ve Caicos Adaları</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Virjin_Adalar%C4%B1" title="Virjin Adaları">Virjin Adaları</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Asya" title="Asya">Asya</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banglade%C5%9F" title="Bangladeş">Bangladeş</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhutan" title="Bhutan">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endonezya" title="Endonezya">Endonezya</a></li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hong Kong</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindistan" title="Hindistan">Hindistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japonya" title="Japonya">Japonya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C4%B1br%C4%B1s_Cumhuriyeti" title="Kıbrıs Cumhuriyeti">Kıbrıs Cumhuriyeti</a><sup><small>1</small></sup> <sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuzey_K%C4%B1br%C4%B1s_T%C3%BCrk_Cumhuriyeti" title="Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti">Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti</a><sup><small>1</small></sup> <sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Makao" title="Makao">Makao</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malezya" title="Malezya">Malezya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maldivler" title="Maldivler">Maldivler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singapur" title="Singapur">Singapur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tayland" title="Tayland">Tayland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Afrika" title="Afrika">Afrika</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Botsvana" title="Botsvana">Botsvana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esvatini" title="Esvatini">Esvatini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCney_Afrika_Cumhuriyeti" title="Güney Afrika Cumhuriyeti">Güney Afrika Cumhuriyeti</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCney_Georgia_ve_G%C3%BCney_Sandwich_Adalar%C4%B1" title="Güney Georgia ve Güney Sandwich Adaları">Güney Georgia ve Güney Sandwich Adaları</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenya" title="Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lesotho" title="Lesotho">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malavi" title="Malavi">Malavi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namibya" title="Namibya">Namibya</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Saint_Helena" title="Saint Helena">Saint Helena</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sey%C5%9Feller" title="Seyşeller">Seyşeller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanzanya" title="Tanzanya">Tanzanya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uganda" title="Uganda">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zambiya" title="Zambiya">Zambiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zimbabve" title="Zimbabve">Zimbabve</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Okyanusya" title="Okyanusya">Okyanusya</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avustralya" title="Avustralya">Avustralya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Do%C4%9Fu_Timor" title="Doğu Timor">Doğu Timor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiji" title="Fiji">Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiribati" title="Kiribati">Kiribati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nauru" title="Nauru">Nauru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niue" title="Niue">Niue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papua_Yeni_Gine" title="Papua Yeni Gine">Papua Yeni Gine</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pitcairn_Adalar%C4%B1" title="Pitcairn Adaları">Pitcairn Adaları</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samoa" title="Samoa">Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solomon_Adalar%C4%B1" title="Solomon Adaları">Solomon Adaları</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonga" title="Tonga">Tonga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuvalu" title="Tuvalu">Tuvalu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeni_Zelanda" title="Yeni Zelanda">Yeni Zelanda</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>Bağımlı ülkeler <i>italik</i> yazılmıştır. <sup><small>1</small></sup>Tamamı <a href="/wiki/Asya" title="Asya">Asya</a>'da olmasına rağmen kültürel özellikleri <a href="/wiki/Avrupa" title="Avrupa">Avrupa</a>'ya benzediğinden <a href="/wiki/Avrupa_Birli%C4%9Fi" title="Avrupa Birliği">Avrupa Birliği</a>'ne üyedir. <sup><small>2</small></sup><a href="/wiki/Avrupa_Birli%C4%9Fi" title="Avrupa Birliği">Avrupa Birliği</a>'ne üye. <sup><small>3</small></sup><a href="/wiki/Tan%C4%B1nmayan_veya_s%C4%B1n%C4%B1rl%C4%B1_%C5%9Fekilde_tan%C4%B1nan_devletler_listesi" title="Tanınmayan veya sınırlı şekilde tanınan devletler listesi">Sınırlı tanınmış olan devlet</a>.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Otorite_kontrolü_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Bunu_Vikiveri&#039;de_düzenleyin&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8646&#124;class=noprint&#124;Bunu_Vikiveri&#039;de_düzenleyin" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Otorite_kontrolü_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Bunu_Vikiveri&#039;de_düzenleyin&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8646&#124;class=noprint&#124;Bunu_Vikiveri&#039;de_düzenleyin" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Otorite_kontrol%C3%BC" title="Otorite kontrolü">Otorite kontrolü</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8646" title="Bunu Vikiveri'de düzenleyin"><img alt="Bunu Vikiveri'de düzenleyin" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fransa_Mill%C3%AE_K%C3%BCt%C3%BCphanesi" title="Fransa Millî Kütüphanesi">BNF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11988563q">cb11988563q</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11988563q">(data)</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/CiNii" title="CiNii">CiNii</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA0723869X?l=en">DA0723869X</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCmle%C5%9Fik_Otorite_Dosyas%C4%B1" title="Tümleşik Otorite Dosyası">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4025822-1">4025822-1</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0svi%C3%A7re_Tarihsel_S%C3%B6zl%C3%BC%C4%9F%C3%BC" title="İsviçre Tarihsel Sözlüğü">HDS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/fr/articles/003406">003406</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_Ad_Tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Ad 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