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searchaux" style="display:none">Lebanese singer and composer (born 1958)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard plainlist"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de; font-size: 125%;"><div class="">Abaji</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Photo3_Studio_avril_2020.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Photo3_Studio_avril_2020.jpg/220px-Photo3_Studio_avril_2020.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Photo3_Studio_avril_2020.jpg/330px-Photo3_Studio_avril_2020.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Photo3_Studio_avril_2020.jpg/440px-Photo3_Studio_avril_2020.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="2048" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de">Background information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1958-08-19</span>) </span>19 August 1958<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 66)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Beirut" title="Beirut">Beirut</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Genres</th><td class="infobox-data">Blues Oriental, film score</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation(s)</th><td class="infobox-data role">Composer, multi-instrumentalist</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Instrument(s)</th><td class="infobox-data note">guitar, oud, bouzouki, clarinet, percussion</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Labels</th><td class="infobox-data">Absilone, Cézame Music Agency, Kosinus</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de"></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.abaji.net/">http://www.abaji.net/</a></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Musical artist</div> <p><b>Abaji</b> is an Armenian singer, songwriter, composer and multi-instrumentalist. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abaji_(musician)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_life">Early life</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abaji_(musician)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Abaji was born in <a href="/wiki/Beirut" title="Beirut">Beirut</a>, from a Greek father, who left the Greek city of <a href="/wiki/Smyrna" title="Smyrna">Smyrna</a> in 1922 <sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and from an Armenian-Syrian mother from <a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He spent part of his childhood and early teenage years in <a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a> capital city, where he discovered music. He started to play the folk guitar at the age of 11. He had both the influence of <a href="/wiki/Greek_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek music">Greek music</a> from his family's heritage and of <a href="/wiki/Music_of_Turkey" title="Music of Turkey">Oriental music</a> that he was exposed to in the streets of Istanbul.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In February 1976 when Abaji was 17, the war in Lebanon forced him into exile.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Upon his arrival in <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>, he started at a boarding school in a neighbourhood near Paris.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> That is when he began to write songs. Abaji says he was born again from that moment.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a teenager he was inspired by <a href="/wiki/Cat_Stevens" title="Cat Stevens">Cat Stevens</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bob_Dylan" title="Bob Dylan">Bob Dylan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fairuz" title="Fairuz">Fairuz</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ravi_Shankar" title="Ravi Shankar">Ravi Shankar</a>. He sees in <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Page" title="Jimmy Page">Jimmy Page</a> the perfect <a href="/wiki/Guitarist" title="Guitarist">guitarist</a>, for being able to experiment with both electric and acoustic guitars. Being attracted by experimentation and discoveries himself, Abaji has always found fascinating the way Page could make percussion with the strings and produce aerial sounds on an electric guitar.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Before establishing his music career further, Abaji studied and has been specialised in <a href="/wiki/Chinese_medicine" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese medicine">Chinese medicine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tai_chi" title="Tai chi">tai chi</a>, which he has practiced for over forty years.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He became a therapist working for the psychiatric emergency services in Paris, using his tai chi and relaxation techniques with the patients.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Music_career">Music career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abaji_(musician)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Music career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During Abaji's debut years he met film score composer <a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Yared" title="Gabriel Yared">Gabriel Yared</a>, who made an impact on his career <sup id="cite_ref-:6_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:7_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Abaji started to get known as the “<a href="/wiki/Bedouin" title="Bedouin">Bedouin</a>'s Troubadour”<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and began opening shows for artists such as <a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Oryema" title="Geoffrey Oryema">Geoffrey Oryema</a>, John Mc Laughlin and <a href="/wiki/Suzanne_Vega" title="Suzanne Vega">Suzanne Vega</a><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> among others. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Artist">The Artist</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abaji_(musician)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: The Artist"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Abaji is an avid collector of instruments from all over the world. He owns over 300 instruments, which he has acquired in his travels and concert tours from countries such as: <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Costa_Rica" title="Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oceania" title="Oceania">Oceania</a> and <a href="/wiki/Central_America" title="Central America">Central America</a> as well as many other countries in <a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He loves improvisation and experimenting <sup id="cite_ref-:8_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with new instruments. He sets himself to learn to play a new instrument every 4 to 5 months; he can play instruments such as: <a href="/wiki/Ba%C4%9Flama" title="Bağlama">saz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tombak" title="Tombak">zarb</a>, <a href="/wiki/Flutes" class="mw-redirect" title="Flutes">flutes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Xaphoon" title="Xaphoon">bamboo saxophone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duduk" title="Duduk">duduk</a>. </p><p>His passion of <a href="/wiki/Lutherie" class="mw-redirect" title="Lutherie">lutherie</a><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and ancient instruments has inspired him to invent a 5-string <a href="/wiki/Sitar" title="Sitar">sitar</a>-<a href="/wiki/Guitar" title="Guitar">guitar</a> that he plays with a <a href="/wiki/Violin_bow" class="mw-redirect" title="Violin bow">violin bow</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Albums">Albums</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abaji_(musician)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Albums"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Abaji's has a mix of Oriental and <a href="/wiki/Blues" title="Blues">Blues</a> music in his style. He writes lyrics in <a href="/wiki/Arabic" title="Arabic">Arabic</a>, <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> and <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His debut album Paris-Beyrouth was released in 1996 with Francis Varis playing the <a href="/wiki/Accordion" title="Accordion">accordion</a>. One of the album's songs, Zahra Hamra was chosen for the “Planète compilation” album by <a href="/wiki/Radio_France_International" class="mw-redirect" title="Radio France International">Radio France International</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This debut album won him an invitation by guitarist Jean-Félix Lalanne to participate in the event “Autour de la Guitare” <sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in the <a href="/wiki/Olympia_(Paris)" title="Olympia (Paris)">Olympia</a> venue in Paris. Abaji also collaborated on the album Desert Blues 2 with the song "Gibran" in tribute to poet <a href="/wiki/Khalil_Gibran" class="mw-redirect" title="Khalil Gibran">Khalil Gibran</a> released by Network Medien record label in 2002 <sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which becomes an international success.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2003 he released his second album Oriental Voyage with Network Medien record label. This is a tribute album to his great-grandmothers from <a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:9_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In this album he plays the <a href="/wiki/Oud" title="Oud">oud</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harp-guitar" class="mw-redirect" title="Harp-guitar">harp-guitar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bouzouki" title="Bouzouki">bouzouki</a>, sitar-guitar, <a href="/wiki/Daf" title="Daf">daff</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harmonica" title="Harmonica">harmonica</a> and <a href="/wiki/Flute" title="Flute">flute</a> in which songs such as Raml (Sand), Maa (Water), El Wahha (The Oasis) and Nejmet (Stars) can evoke the sounds of the desert.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On his next album Nomad Spirit, Abaji invited Indian <a href="/wiki/Percussionist" class="mw-redirect" title="Percussionist">percussionist</a> <a href="/wiki/Ramesh_Shotham" title="Ramesh Shotham">Ramesh Shotham</a><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with his <a href="/wiki/Thavil" title="Thavil">Thavil</a>, Moroccan oud and <a href="/wiki/Guembri" class="mw-redirect" title="Guembri">guembri</a> player Majid Bekkas and Armenian duduk master <a href="/wiki/Djivan_Gasparyan" title="Djivan Gasparyan">Djivan Gasparyan</a> to take part on the recording. Later on, he went on to tour to <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> together with Ramesh Shotham.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In this album Abaji is inspired by the spiritual heritage of his great-grandfathers from Smyrna and <a href="/wiki/Aleppo" title="Aleppo">Aleppo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:9_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2009, Abaji released the album Origine Orients where he sings in five languages: French, Arabic, Turkish, Greek and Armenian. This album is recorded in two days with only one take per track.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Abaji usually gets himself involved thoroughly in all of the process of <a href="/wiki/Sound_recording_and_reproduction" title="Sound recording and reproduction">recording</a>, <a href="/wiki/Audio_mixing_(recorded_music)" title="Audio mixing (recorded music)">mixing</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Mastering_(audio)" title="Mastering (audio)">mastering</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He got a special invitation to play <a href="/wiki/Lahore" title="Lahore">Lahore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> with Qawwali musicians of <a href="/wiki/Nusrat_Fateh_Ali_Khan" title="Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan">Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan</a>’s family.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>His most recent album of 17 tracks Route & Roots was part recorded in Armenia with duduk player Vardan Grigoryan and part in Paris with Kurdish musician Mahmut Demir. This album takes him to tour in over 60 countries including South Africa, Vanuatu Island, <a href="/wiki/Panama" title="Panama">Panama</a> and <a href="/wiki/Costa_Rica" title="Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a>. </p><p>In 2010 Abaji played for the popular Tiny Desk Concert series by <a href="/wiki/NPR" title="NPR">NPR</a> Music<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> at the <a href="/wiki/Kennedy_Center_for_the_Performing_Arts" class="mw-redirect" title="Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts">Kennedy Center</a> in Washington. </p><p>He has also collaborated with Pakistani virtuoso singer <a href="/wiki/Ustad_Naseeruddin_Saami" class="mw-redirect" title="Ustad Naseeruddin Saami">Ustad Naseeruddin Saami</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Film,_TV,_dance_and_theatre_music"><span id="Film.2C_TV.2C_dance_and_theatre_music"></span>Film, TV, dance and theatre music</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abaji_(musician)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Film, TV, dance and theatre music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Abaji has worked as a music composer for TV shows, live shows and film. He recorded over 35 albums including Elements, which has been used as score in several films and documentaries.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The thematic of the albums varies including India, Exile, the Middle East, the Investigation series focused in a geographic area, among others. All of his music has been used either for global television shows or <a href="/wiki/Film_scores" class="mw-redirect" title="Film scores">film scores</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He regularly works for music agencies Kosinus and Cézame in Paris composing music for <a href="/wiki/TV" class="mw-redirect" title="TV">TV</a> and <a href="/wiki/Films" class="mw-redirect" title="Films">films</a>. </p><p>Abaji has composed music for theatre and dance. He has produced various shows together with Lebanese dancer Nawal Raad.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2016 the label 1 Revolution Music, directed by trailer music composer <a href="/wiki/Yoav_Goren" title="Yoav Goren">Yoav Goren</a>, released Abaji's work called Middle East Soundscapes. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Discography">Discography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abaji_(musician)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Discography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1996_in_music" title="1996 in music">1996</a> : <i>Paris-Beyrouth</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_in_music" title="2000 in music">2000</a> : <i>Bedouin Blues</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2003_in_music" title="2003 in music">2003</a> : <i>Oriental Voyage</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2005_in_music" title="2005 in music">2005</a> : <i>Nomad spirit</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2005_in_music" title="2005 in music">2005</a> : <i>Les mille et une nuits</i> (Musical accompaniment to stories told by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jihad_Darwiche&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jihad Darwiche (page does not exist)">Jihad Darwiche</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_in_music" title="2009 in music">2009</a> : <i>Origine Orients</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_in_music" title="2016 in music">2016</a> : <i>Route&Roots</i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abaji_(musician)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abaji.net/">Official website</a></li> <li>Music related resources : <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://en.cezame-fle.com/liste_resultats.php?classif_247%5b%5d=136830">Cézame</a> - <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kapagama.fr/en-fr/search?q=abaji&qtext=abaji&vtag=0&vwave=0&vdesc=1&ktype=9">Kapagama</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.myspace.com/abaji/">Abaji</a> sur <a href="/wiki/MySpace" class="mw-redirect" title="MySpace">MySpace</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reverbnation.com/abaji/">Abaji</a> sur <a href="/wiki/ReverbNation" title="ReverbNation">ReverbNation</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abaji_(musician)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFA2003" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">A, E (March 7, 2003). "Abaji". <i>Telerama</i> (in French).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Telerama&rft.atitle=Abaji&rft.date=2003-03-07&rft.aulast=A&rft.aufirst=E&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbaji+%28musician%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGarath1996" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Garath, Frederic (November 1996). 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April 8, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200621172618/https://www.francetvinfo.fr/culture/musique/musique-du-monde/abaji-des-racines-et-des-airs_3278497.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 21, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 28,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=franceinfo&rft.atitle=Abaji%2C+des+racines+et+des+airs&rft.date=2016-04-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.francetvinfo.fr%2Fculture%2Fmusique%2Fmusique-du-monde%2Fabaji-des-racines-et-des-airs_3278497.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbaji+%28musician%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFElisabeth_STOUDMANN2009" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Elisabeth STOUDMANN (December 23, 2009). "ABAJI, à l'Est du Blues". <i>Le Courrier</i> (in French).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Le+Courrier&rft.atitle=ABAJI%2C+%C3%A0+l%27Est+du+Blues&rft.date=2009-12-23&rft.au=Elisabeth+STOUDMANN&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbaji+%28musician%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:2_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFN/A1996" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">N/A (March 16, 1996). 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"Abaji mondialise l'Orient". <i>RFI Musique</i> (in French).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=RFI+Musique&rft.atitle=Abaji+mondialise+l%27Orient&rft.date=2016-02-03&rft.au=Bertrand+Lavaine&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbaji+%28musician%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:4-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:4_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPhilippe_Krümm2010" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Philippe Krümm (July–August 2010). "Portrait : Abaji". <i>Trad Magazine</i> (in French). p. 31.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Trad+Magazine&rft.atitle=Portrait+%3A+Abaji&rft.pages=31&rft.date=2010-07%2F2010-08&rft.au=Philippe+Kr%C3%BCmm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbaji+%28musician%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:5-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:5_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSarah_Maurieres2008" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Sarah Maurieres (July 18, 2008). "Les belles vibrations d'Abaji". <i>La Marseillaise</i> (in French).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=La+Marseillaise&rft.atitle=Les+belles+vibrations+d%27Abaji&rft.date=2008-07-18&rft.au=Sarah+Maurieres&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbaji+%28musician%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:6-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:6_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBen2015" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Ben (July 21, 2015). 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"Abaji : Oriental Voyage". <i>Ouest France</i> (in French).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ouest+France&rft.atitle=Abaji+%3A+Oriental+Voyage&rft.date=2003-03-02&rft.au=Michel+Troadec&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbaji+%28musician%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFN/A1998" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">N/A (May 6, 1998). "ABAJI". <i>La Terrasse</i> (in French).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=La+Terrasse&rft.atitle=ABAJI&rft.date=1998-05-06&rft.au=N%2FA&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbaji+%28musician%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:8-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:8_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSandra-Isabel_Knobloch2006" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Sandra-Isabel Knobloch (January 22, 2006). "Einzigartige Weltmusik". <i>Donaukurier</i> (in German).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Donaukurier&rft.atitle=Einzigartige+Weltmusik&rft.date=2006-01-22&rft.au=Sandra-Isabel+Knobloch&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbaji+%28musician%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArnaud_Robert2003" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Arnaud Robert (2003). 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"Bédouin'-blues ?". <i>Alger Infos</i> (in French).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Alger+Infos&rft.atitle=B%C3%A9douin%27-blues+%3F&rft.date=1996-03-15&rft.au=Salah+Guemriche&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbaji+%28musician%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFN/A2001" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">N/A (June 2001). "Abaji Bedouin'blues". <i>Guitare Magazine</i> (in French).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Guitare+Magazine&rft.atitle=Abaji+Bedouin%27blues&rft.date=2001-06&rft.au=N%2FA&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbaji+%28musician%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNathaniel_Handy2003" class="citation news cs1">Nathaniel Handy (May 2003). 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"Sons du désert". <i>Classica</i> (in French).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Classica&rft.atitle=Sons+du+d%C3%A9sert&rft.date=2003-05&rft.au=Herv%C3%A9+Guilleminot&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbaji+%28musician%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kennedy-center.org/artists/a/aa-an/-abaji/">"Abaji"</a>. <i>www.kennedy-center.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220120202735/https://www.kennedy-center.org/artists/a/aa-an/-abaji/">Archived</a> from the original on 2022-01-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-06-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.kennedy-center.org&rft.atitle=Abaji&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kennedy-center.org%2Fartists%2Fa%2Faa-an%2F-abaji%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbaji+%28musician%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFN/A2006" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">N/A (January 19, 2006). 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-06-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NPR.org&rft.atitle=Abaji%3A+Tiny+Desk+Concert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2010%2F02%2F15%2F123533606%2Fabaji-tiny-desk-concert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbaji+%28musician%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output 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href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000382854781">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/267260538">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/135232015">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n2007013967">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb139846263">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb139846263">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/4094169">Norway</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/9f4fdaf9-07a4-432e-9453-3972578b9327">MusicBrainz</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/080715621">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" 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