CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-not-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>List of people who performed on Beatles recordings - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-not-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat": "dmy","wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"4af5731c-9ef2-4cfc-8a49-64e3e00c8b3d","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings","wgTitle":"List of people who performed on Beatles recordings","wgCurRevisionId":1259281699,"wgRevisionId":1259281699,"wgArticleId":40029580,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Articles with short description","Short description with empty Wikidata description","EngvarB from July 2013","Use dmy dates from September 2023","British music-related lists","The Beatles music","Lists of musicians","1960s-related lists"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings", "wgRelevantArticleId":40029580,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":70000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q16157027","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"], "GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar", "ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="List of people who performed on Beatles recordings - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings rootpage-List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Main menu </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z">Main page</a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia">Contents</a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events">Current events</a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x">Random article</a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works">About Wikipedia</a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia">Contact us</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia">Help</a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia">Learn to edit</a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors">Community portal</a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r">Recent changes</a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia">Upload file</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"> Search </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Appearance </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class="">Donate</a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=List+of+people+who+performed+on+Beatles+recordings" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class="">Create account</a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=List+of+people+who+performed+on+Beatles+recordings" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class="">Log in</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Personal tools </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en">Donate</a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=List+of+people+who+performed+on+Beatles+recordings" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"> Create account</a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=List+of+people+who+performed+on+Beatles+recordings" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"> Log in</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing">learn more</a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y">Contributions</a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n">Talk</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">List of people who performed on Beatles recordings</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="This article exist only in this language. Add the article for other languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-0" aria-hidden="true" > Add languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q16157027#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Add interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Add links</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c">Article</a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t">Talk</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >English </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings">Read</a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e">Edit</a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h">View history</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >Tools </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings">Read</a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e">Edit</a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings&action=history">View history</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j">What links here</a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k">Related changes</a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u">Upload file</a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q">Special pages</a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings&oldid=1259281699" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page">Permanent link</a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings&action=info" title="More information about this page">Page information</a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings&id=1259281699&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page">Cite this page</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FList_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings">Get shortened URL</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FList_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings">Download QR code</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file">Download as PDF</a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p">Printable version</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q16157027" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g">Wikidata item</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">List of musicians and other people to appear on recordings by The Beatles</div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Lists_about_The_Beatles" style="width:225px;float:right;margin:0em 0em 0em 1em;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Lists_about_The_Beatles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Lists about <a href="/wiki/The_Beatles" title="The Beatles">The Beatles</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd plainlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_awards_and_nominations_received_by_the_Beatles" title="List of awards and nominations received by the Beatles">Awards and nominations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_albums_discography" title="The Beatles albums discography">Albums discography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_singles_discography" title="The Beatles singles discography">Singles discography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_images_on_the_cover_of_Sgt._Pepper%27s_Lonely_Hearts_Club_Band" title="List of images on the cover of Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band">Sgt. Pepper cover art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_the_Beatles%27_instruments" title="List of the Beatles' instruments">Notable instruments used</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collaborations_between_ex-Beatles" title="Collaborations between ex-Beatles">Post-breakup collaborations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_bootleg_recordings" title="The Beatles bootleg recordings">Bootlegs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles%27_recording_sessions" title="The Beatles' recording sessions">Recording sessions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_the_Beatles%27_live_performances" title="List of the Beatles' live performances">Live performances</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_songs_recorded_by_the_Beatles" title="List of songs recorded by the Beatles">Songs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_songs_covered_by_the_Beatles" title="List of songs covered by the Beatles">Covers by the Beatles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cover_versions_of_Beatles_songs" title="List of cover versions of Beatles songs">Covers of the Beatles</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Accompanying performers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> Aside from <a href="/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon">John Lennon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_McCartney" title="Paul McCartney">Paul McCartney</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Harrison" title="George Harrison">George Harrison</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ringo_Starr" title="Ringo Starr">Ringo Starr</a>, numerous musicians and other people featured on official recordings by <a href="/wiki/The_Beatles" title="The Beatles">the Beatles</a>. These include friends and family of the group, the band's entourage, and numerous <a href="/wiki/Session_musician" title="Session musician">session musicians</a>. Original members <a href="/wiki/Pete_Best" title="Pete Best">Pete Best</a> (drums) and <a href="/wiki/Stuart_Sutcliffe" title="Stuart Sutcliffe">Stuart Sutcliffe</a> (bass guitar) appeared on early recordings; the former on the group's recording of "<a href="/wiki/My_Bonnie" title="My Bonnie">My Bonnie</a>" with <a href="/wiki/Tony_Sheridan" title="Tony Sheridan">Tony Sheridan</a>, and both on various tracks released on <a href="/wiki/Anthology_1" title="Anthology 1">Anthology 1</a>. The instruments contributed to Beatles recordings range from traditional orchestral instruments—such as violin, <a href="/wiki/Viola" title="Viola">viola</a> and cello<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_77-1">[1]</a>—to an alarm clock and a pile of gravel.<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_94-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_93-3">[3]</a> The first half of the Beatles' career—from the early 1960s until 1966—rarely saw the band use any extra musicians, though <a href="/wiki/George_Martin" title="George Martin">George Martin</a> (their <a href="/wiki/Record_producer" title="Record producer">producer</a>) occasionally added keyboard instruments to augment their sound.<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_87-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_88-5">[5]</a> As their career progressed and their influences widened, the group began to experiment in the studio. Martin started to orchestrate for the band; his first major orchestration for the group was the string quartet on "<a href="/wiki/Yesterday_(Beatles_song)" class="mw-redirect" title="Yesterday (Beatles song)">Yesterday</a>".<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_157-6">[6]</a> In 1966, the band stopped touring and concentrated on studio experimentation,<a href="#cite_note-Julien_2008_3-7">[7]</a> creating soundscapes and orchestrations that required numerous musicians (the orchestra on 1967's "<a href="/wiki/A_Day_in_the_Life" title="A Day in the Life">A Day in the Life</a>" was accommodated in <a href="/wiki/Abbey_Road_Studios" title="Abbey Road Studios">Abbey Road</a>'s large Studio One, rather than the group's usual room in Studio Two<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_231-8">[8]</a>). It was also around this time that <a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_in_India" title="The Beatles in India">the Beatles visited India</a>, and—particularly Harrison—became influenced by <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_India" title="Culture of India">Indian culture and music</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Huntley_2004_10-9">[9]</a> leading to the group's use of traditional Indian instruments in their arrangements. Shortly before the group's demise at the end of the decade, keyboardist <a href="/wiki/Billy_Preston" title="Billy Preston">Billy Preston</a> was brought in to add to their sound while they tried to return to their <a href="/wiki/Rock_%27n%27_roll" class="mw-redirect" title="Rock 'n' roll">rock 'n' roll</a> roots.<a href="#cite_note-Womack_2006_91-10">[10]</a> The group wanted what was to become their final album, <a href="/wiki/Let_It_Be_(album)" title="Let It Be (album)">Let It Be</a>, to be raw with minimal <a href="/wiki/Overdubs" class="mw-redirect" title="Overdubs">overdubs</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Ingham_2003_363-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-Matteo_2004_25-12">[12]</a> After producer <a href="/wiki/Glyn_Johns" title="Glyn Johns">Glyn Johns</a> left the project, <a href="/wiki/Phil_Spector" title="Phil Spector">Phil Spector</a> hired in numerous session musicians to provide orchestral overdubs, in contrast to the group's original back-to-basics ideas.<a href="#cite_note-Womack_2009_60-13">[13]</a> <div class="noprint" style="text-align:center;"><div role="navigation" id="toc" class="toc plainlinks" aria-label="Contents" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto; text-align:left;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"> <div style="margin:auto; display:inline-block;"> <ul><li><a href="#top">Top</a></li> <li><a href="#A">A</a></li> <li><a href="#B">B</a></li> <li><a href="#C">C</a></li> <li><a href="#D">D</a></li> <li><a href="#E">E</a></li> <li><a href="#F">F</a></li> <li><a href="#G">G</a></li> <li><a href="#H">H</a></li> <li>I</li> <li><a href="#J">J</a></li> <li><a href="#K">K</a></li> <li><a href="#L">L</a></li> <li><a href="#M">M</a></li> <li><a href="#N">N</a></li> <li><a href="#O">O</a></li> <li><a href="#P">P</a></li> <li>Q</li> <li><a href="#R">R</a></li> <li><a href="#S">S</a></li> <li><a href="#T">T</a></li> <li><a href="#U">U</a></li> <li><a href="#V">V</a></li> <li><a href="#W">W</a></li> <li>X</li> <li>Y</li> <li>Z </li></ul> <ul><li><a href="#Omissions">Omissions </a></li> <li><a href="#Indirect_performances">Indirect performances </a></li> <li><a href="#Footnotes">Footnotes </a></li> <li><a href="#References">References </a></li></ul> </div></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Omissions">Omissions</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Omissions">edit</a>]</div> Session musicians' names and roles for some performances were not recorded or have been lost—this is the case for the recordings of "<a href="/wiki/Good_Night_(Beatles_song)" title="Good Night (Beatles song)">Good Night</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_144-14">[14]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/Yellow_Submarine_(song)" title="Yellow Submarine (song)">Yellow Submarine</a>";<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_81-15">[15]</a> <a href="/wiki/Phil_Spector" title="Phil Spector">Phil Spector</a>'s orchestral overdubs for "<a href="/wiki/The_Long_and_Winding_Road" title="The Long and Winding Road">The Long and Winding Road</a>",<a href="#cite_note-The_Beatles_Bible_2008a-16">[16]</a> "<a href="/wiki/Across_the_Universe" title="Across the Universe">Across the Universe</a>"<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_276-17">[17]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/I_Me_Mine" title="I Me Mine">I Me Mine</a>";<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_368-18">[18]</a> the string sections on "<a href="/wiki/Something_(Beatles_song)" title="Something (Beatles song)">Something</a>",<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_348-19">[19]</a> "<a href="/wiki/Here_Comes_the_Sun" title="Here Comes the Sun">Here Comes the Sun</a>",<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_356-20">[20]</a> "<a href="/wiki/Carry_That_Weight" title="Carry That Weight">Carry That Weight</a>",<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_355-21">[21]</a> "<a href="/wiki/Golden_Slumbers" title="Golden Slumbers">Golden Slumbers</a>"<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_355-21">[21]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/The_End_(The_Beatles_song)" class="mw-redirect" title="The End (The Beatles song)">The End</a>";<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_361-22">[22]</a> the orchestra on "<a href="/wiki/Hey_Jude" title="Hey Jude">Hey Jude</a>";<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_302-23">[23]</a> the saxophonists on "<a href="/wiki/Ob-La-Di,_Ob-La-Da" title="Ob-La-Di, Ob-La-Da">Ob-La-Di, Ob-La-Da</a>";<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_294-24">[24]</a> the trumpeters and trombonists on "<a href="/wiki/Mother_Nature%27s_Son" title="Mother Nature's Son">Mother Nature's Son</a>";<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_305-25">[25]</a> the brass and string players on "<a href="/wiki/Let_It_Be_(song)" title="Let It Be (song)">Let It Be</a>";<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_337-26">[26]</a> the cellist on "<a href="/wiki/Blue_Jay_Way" title="Blue Jay Way">Blue Jay Way</a>"<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_269-27">[27]</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Asian_Music_Circle" title="Asian Music Circle">Asian Music Circle</a> musicians on "<a href="/wiki/Love_You_To" title="Love You To">Love You To</a>" (performing on <a href="/wiki/Sitar" title="Sitar">sitar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tanpura" title="Tanpura">tambura</a>)<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_194-28">[28]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/Within_You_Without_You" title="Within You Without You">Within You Without You</a>" (performing on <a href="/wiki/Dilruba" title="Dilruba">dilruba</a>, <a href="/wiki/Swarmandal" title="Swarmandal">swarmandal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tabla" title="Tabla">tabla</a> and tambura).<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_243-29">[29]</a> In February 1978, session drummer <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Purdie" title="Bernard Purdie">Bernard Purdie</a> claimed that he had <a href="/wiki/Overdubbed" class="mw-redirect" title="Overdubbed">overdubbed</a> drums for 21 Beatles recordings in the summer of 1963. He stated that <a href="/wiki/Brian_Epstein" title="Brian Epstein">Brian Epstein</a> paid him a five-figure sum to overdub a drum track at <a href="/wiki/Capitol_Records" title="Capitol Records">Capitol Records</a>' West 46th Street studios in New York City, and that the payment also <a href="/wiki/Non-disclosure_agreement" title="Non-disclosure agreement">bought his silence</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Ingham_2003_363-11">[11]</a> Purdie has also implied that some guitar parts for early Beatles recordings were also overdubbed, and there are also suggestions that Purdie and <a href="/wiki/Cornell_Dupree" title="Cornell Dupree">Cornell Dupree</a> overdubbed drums and guitar parts for the <a href="/wiki/Tony_Sheridan" title="Tony Sheridan">Tony Sheridan</a> recordings.<a href="#cite_note-Ingham_2003_363-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-Spizer_2007_90-30">[30]</a> His claim was repeated in <a href="/wiki/Max_Weinberg" title="Max Weinberg">Max Weinberg</a>'s 1984 book The Big Beat: Conversations with Rock's Greatest Drummers, where he refused to name which songs he had played on and stated that "Ringo never played on anything [...] not the early Beatles stuff."<a href="#cite_note-Vallance-31">[31]</a> <a href="/wiki/Barry_Miles" title="Barry Miles">Barry Miles</a> wrote that Purdie was hired in 1962 to replace Pete Best's drumming from some of <a href="/wiki/The_Beatles%27_recording_sessions" title="The Beatles' recording sessions">the band's recording sessions</a> that had taken place in Hamburg.<a href="#cite_note-Miles_2009-32">[32]</a> Also omitted from this list are the instances where people's voices are captured on the recordings, but do not constitute part of the musical performance, such as <a href="/wiki/Geoff_Emerick" title="Geoff Emerick">Geoff Emerick</a>'s announcement of "take two" at the beginning of "<a href="/wiki/Revolution_1" class="mw-redirect" title="Revolution 1">Revolution 1</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Womack_2007_235-33">[33]</a> and the various announcers, interviewers and presenters on <a href="/wiki/Live_at_the_BBC_(The_Beatles_album)" class="mw-redirect" title="Live at the BBC (The Beatles album)">Live at the BBC</a>. <a href="/wiki/Jimmie_Nicol" title="Jimmie Nicol">Jimmie Nicol</a> stood in for Starr for eight performances during the band's <a href="/wiki/The_Beatles%27_1964_world_tour" title="The Beatles' 1964 world tour">1964 tour</a>. He did not feature on record, but his performances were captured by audience <a href="/wiki/Bootleg_recording" title="Bootleg recording">bootlegs</a> and broadcasts by <a href="/wiki/Algemene_Vereniging_Radio_Omroep" class="mw-redirect" title="Algemene Vereniging Radio Omroep">AVRO</a> in the Netherlands and <a href="/wiki/5DN" class="mw-redirect" title="5DN">5DN</a> in Australia.<a href="#cite_note-Greenwald_1995_99-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-Winn_2008_199-35">[35]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Indirect_performances">Indirect performances</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Indirect performances">edit</a>]</div> By the mid-1960s, the Beatles became interested in <a href="/wiki/Tape_loop" title="Tape loop">tape loops</a> and <a href="/wiki/Found_sound" class="mw-redirect" title="Found sound">found sounds</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Everett_1999_37-36">[36]</a><a href="#cite_note-Everett_1999_175-37">[37]</a> Early examples of the group <a href="/wiki/Sampling_(music)" title="Sampling (music)">sampling</a> existing recordings include loops on "<a href="/wiki/Revolution_9" title="Revolution 9">Revolution 9</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Everett_1999_175-37">[37]</a> (the repetitive "number nine" is from a <a href="/wiki/Royal_Academy_of_Music" title="Royal Academy of Music">Royal Academy of Music</a> examination tape, some chatter is from a conversation between George Martin and Apple office manager Alistair Taylor, and a chord from a recording of <a href="/wiki/Sibelius" class="mw-redirect" title="Sibelius">Sibelius</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._7_(Sibelius)" title="Symphony No. 7 (Sibelius)">Symphony No. 7</a> is also included<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_290-38">[38]</a>) and "<a href="/wiki/I_Am_the_Walrus" title="I Am the Walrus">I Am the Walrus</a>", which contained a radio broadcast of the <a href="/wiki/BBC_Third_Programme" title="BBC Third Programme">BBC Third Programme</a>'s production of <a href="/wiki/King_Lear" title="King Lear">King Lear</a>.<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_269-27">[27]</a> The part of the broadcast included on the record features <a href="/wiki/John_Hollis" title="John Hollis">John Hollis</a> as Oswald, John Rye as Edgar, and <a href="/wiki/Brewster_Mason" title="Brewster Mason">Brewster Mason</a> as the Earl of Gloucester.<a href="#cite_note-BUFVC_2013-39">[39]</a><a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_128-40">[40]</a> For the introduction to "<a href="/wiki/The_Continuing_Story_of_Bungalow_Bill" title="The Continuing Story of Bungalow Bill">The Continuing Story of Bungalow Bill</a>", a stock <a href="/wiki/Mellotron" title="Mellotron">Mellotron</a> sample of a Spanish guitar was used. The recording, performed by an unknown guitarist, was supervised by <a href="/wiki/Eric_Robinson_(conductor)" title="Eric Robinson (conductor)">Eric Robinson</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Reid_2002-41">[41]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="A">A</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: A">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Frederick Alexander—cellist; session musician. Contributed cello to "<a href="/wiki/Martha_My_Dear" title="Martha My Dear">Martha My Dear</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_159-42">[42]</a></li> <li>Peggie Allen—vocalist; session musician and member of the <a href="/wiki/Mike_Sammes_Singers" class="mw-redirect" title="Mike Sammes Singers">Mike Sammes Singers</a>. Contributed vocals to "<a href="/wiki/I_Am_the_Walrus" title="I Am the Walrus">I Am the Walrus</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_127-43">[43]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Asher" title="Jane Asher">Jane Asher</a>—Paul McCartney's then-girlfriend. Contributed vocals to "<a href="/wiki/All_You_Need_Is_Love" title="All You Need Is Love">All You Need Is Love</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_120-44">[44]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neil_Aspinall" title="Neil Aspinall">Neil Aspinall</a>—the group's <a href="/wiki/Road_manager" title="Road manager">road manager</a> and business partner. Contributed <a href="/wiki/Guiro" class="mw-redirect" title="Guiro">guiro</a> to "<a href="/wiki/Strawberry_Fields_Forever" title="Strawberry Fields Forever">Strawberry Fields Forever</a>"<a href="#cite_note-The_Beatles_Online_2007b-45">[45]</a> and vocals to "<a href="/wiki/Yellow_Submarine_(song)" title="Yellow Submarine (song)">Yellow Submarine</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_81-15">[15]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="B">B</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: B">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pete_Best_drumming.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Pete_Best_drumming.jpg/220px-Pete_Best_drumming.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="331" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Pete_Best_drumming.jpg/330px-Pete_Best_drumming.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Pete_Best_drumming.jpg/440px-Pete_Best_drumming.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="3008" /></a><figcaption>Pete Best in 2006</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>Mia Barcia-Colombo–cellist; session musician. Contributed cello to "<a href="/wiki/Now_and_Then_(Beatles_song)" title="Now and Then (Beatles song)">Now and Then</a>"<a href="#cite_note-PA_NaT-46">[46]</a></li> <li>Ted Barker—trombonist; session musician. Contributed trombone to "<a href="/wiki/Martha_My_Dear" title="Martha My Dear">Martha My Dear</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_159-42">[42]</a></li> <li>Michael Barnes—tuba player; session musician. Contributed tuba to "<a href="/wiki/A_Day_in_the_Life" title="A Day in the Life">A Day in the Life</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_96-47">[47]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ken_Barrie" title="Ken Barrie">Ken Barrie</a>—vocalist; session musician and member of the <a href="/wiki/Mike_Sammes_Singers" class="mw-redirect" title="Mike Sammes Singers">Mike Sammes Singers</a>. Contributed vocals to "<a href="/wiki/Good_Night_(Beatles_song)" title="Good Night (Beatles song)">Good Night</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_144-14">[14]</a></li> <li>Peter Beavan—cellist; session musician. Contributed cello to "<a href="/wiki/Within_You_Without_You" title="Within You Without You">Within You Without You</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_107-48">[48]</a></li> <li>Lionel Bentley—violinist; session musician. Contributed violin to "<a href="/wiki/A_Day_in_the_Life" title="A Day in the Life">A Day in the Life</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_96-47">[47]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pete_Best" title="Pete Best">Pete Best</a>—drummer; original member. Contributed drums to "<a href="/wiki/Ain%27t_She_Sweet" title="Ain't She Sweet">Ain't She Sweet</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1995_7-49">[49]</a> "<a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9same_Mucho" title="Bésame Mucho">Bésame Mucho</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1995_7-49">[49]</a> "<a href="/wiki/Cry_for_a_Shadow" title="Cry for a Shadow">Cry for a Shadow</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1995_7-49">[49]</a> "<a href="/wiki/Hello_Little_Girl" title="Hello Little Girl">Hello Little Girl</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1995_7-49">[49]</a> "<a href="/wiki/Like_Dreamers_Do_(Applejacks_song)" class="mw-redirect" title="Like Dreamers Do (Applejacks song)">Like Dreamers Do</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1995_7-49">[49]</a> "<a href="/wiki/Love_Me_Do" title="Love Me Do">Love Me Do</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1995_7-49">[49]</a> "<a href="/wiki/My_Bonnie" title="My Bonnie">My Bonnie</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Womack_2009_33-50">[50]</a> "<a href="/wiki/Searchin%27" title="Searchin'">Searchin'</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1995_7-49">[49]</a> "<a href="/wiki/The_Sheik_of_Araby" title="The Sheik of Araby">The Sheik of Araby</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1995_7-49">[49]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/Three_Cool_Cats" title="Three Cool Cats">Three Cool Cats</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1995_7-49">[49]</a> on <a href="/wiki/Anthology_1" title="Anthology 1">Anthology 1</a></li> <li>Anil Bhagwat—tabla player; session musician. Contributed tabla to "<a href="/wiki/Love_You_To" title="Love You To">Love You To</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_72-51">[51]</a></li> <li>Leo Birnbaum—violist; session musician. Contributed viola to "<a href="/wiki/Hello,_Goodbye" title="Hello, Goodbye">Hello, Goodbye</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_129-52">[52]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/Martha_My_Dear" title="Martha My Dear">Martha My Dear</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_159-42">[42]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Bisharat" title="Charlie Bisharat">Charlie Bisharat</a>–violinist; session musician. Contributed violin to "<a href="/wiki/Now_and_Then_(Beatles_song)" title="Now and Then (Beatles song)">Now and Then</a>"<a href="#cite_note-PA_NaT-46">[46]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greg_Bowen" title="Greg Bowen">Greg Bowen</a>—trumpeter; session musician. Contributed trumpet to "<a href="/wiki/Strawberry_Fields_Forever" title="Strawberry Fields Forever">Strawberry Fields Forever</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_90-53">[53]</a></li> <li>Eric Bowie—violinist; session musician. Contributed violin to "<a href="/wiki/All_You_Need_Is_Love" title="All You Need Is Love">All You Need Is Love</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_120-44">[44]</a> "<a href="/wiki/Glass_Onion_(song)" title="Glass Onion (song)">Glass Onion</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_161-54">[54]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/Piggies" title="Piggies">Piggies</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_161-54">[54]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pattie_Boyd" title="Pattie Boyd">Pattie Boyd</a>—George Harrison's wife from 1966 until after the Beatles' split. Contributed vocals to "<a href="/wiki/All_You_Need_Is_Love" title="All You Need Is Love">All You Need Is Love</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_120-44">[44]</a> "<a href="/wiki/Birthday_(The_Beatles_song)" class="mw-redirect" title="Birthday (The Beatles song)">Birthday</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_156-55">[55]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/Yellow_Submarine_(song)" title="Yellow Submarine (song)">Yellow Submarine</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_81-15">[15]</a></li> <li>Desmond Bradley—violinist; session musician. Contributed violin to "<a href="/wiki/A_Day_in_the_Life" title="A Day in the Life">A Day in the Life</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_96-47">[47]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Branscombe" title="Alan Branscombe">Alan Branscombe</a>—saxophonist; session musician. Contributed tenor saxophone to "<a href="/wiki/Got_to_Get_You_into_My_Life" title="Got to Get You into My Life">Got to Get You into My Life</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_79-56">[56]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lizzie_Bravo" class="mw-redirect" title="Lizzie Bravo">Lizzie Bravo</a>—vocalist; <a href="/wiki/Apple_scruff" class="mw-redirect" title="Apple scruff">Apple scruff</a>. Contributed vocals to "<a href="/wiki/Across_the_Universe" title="Across the Universe">Across the Universe</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_133-57">[57]</a></li> <li>Jack Bremer—clarinettist; session musician. Contributed clarinet to "<a href="/wiki/A_Day_in_the_Life" title="A Day in the Life">A Day in the Life</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_96-47">[47]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheila_Bromberg" title="Sheila Bromberg">Sheila Bromberg</a>—harpist; session musician. Contributed harp to "<a href="/wiki/She%27s_Leaving_Home" title="She's Leaving Home">She's Leaving Home</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_103-58">[58]</a></li> <li>Raymond Brown—trombonist; session musician. Contributed trombone to "<a href="/wiki/A_Day_in_the_Life" title="A Day in the Life">A Day in the Life</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_96-47">[47]</a></li> <li>James W. Buck—horn player; session musician. Contributed French horn to "<a href="/wiki/Sgt._Pepper%27s_Lonely_Hearts_Club_Band_(song)" title="Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band (song)">Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_101-59">[59]</a></li> <li>Caroline Buckman–violist; session musician. Contributed viola to "<a href="/wiki/Now_and_Then_(Beatles_song)" title="Now and Then (Beatles song)">Now and Then</a>"<a href="#cite_note-PA_NaT-46">[46]</a></li> <li>Andrew Bulbrook–violinist; session musician. Contributed violin to "<a href="/wiki/Now_and_Then_(Beatles_song)" title="Now and Then (Beatles song)">Now and Then</a>"<a href="#cite_note-PA_NaT-46">[46]</a></li> <li>John Burden—horn player; session musician. Contributed French horn to "<a href="/wiki/Sgt._Pepper%27s_Lonely_Hearts_Club_Band_(song)" title="Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band (song)">Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_101-59">[59]</a></li> <li>Robert Burns—clarinettist; session musician. Contributed clarinet to "<a href="/wiki/When_I%27m_Sixty-Four" title="When I'm Sixty-Four">When I'm Sixty-Four</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_90-53">[53]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="C">C</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: C">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Eric-Clapton_1975.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Eric-Clapton_1975.jpg/220px-Eric-Clapton_1975.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="309" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Eric-Clapton_1975.jpg/330px-Eric-Clapton_1975.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Eric-Clapton_1975.jpg/440px-Eric-Clapton_1975.jpg 2x" data-file-width="730" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>Eric Clapton in 1975</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leon_Calvert" title="Leon Calvert">Leon Calvert</a>—trumpeter; session musician. Contributed trumpet and flugelhorn to "<a href="/wiki/Martha_My_Dear" title="Martha My Dear">Martha My Dear</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_159-42">[42]</a> and trumpet to "<a href="/wiki/Penny_Lane" title="Penny Lane">Penny Lane</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_93-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-The_Beatles_Online_2007a-60">[60]</a></li> <li>Barrie Cameron—saxophonist; session musician. Contributed saxophone to "<a href="/wiki/Good_Morning_Good_Morning" title="Good Morning Good Morning">Good Morning Good Morning</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_102-61">[61]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duncan_Campbell_(musician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Duncan Campbell (musician)">Duncan Campbell</a>—trumpeter; session musician. Contributed trumpet to "<a href="/wiki/Penny_Lane" title="Penny Lane">Penny Lane</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_93-3">[3]</a></li> <li>Ronald Chamberlain—saxophonist; session musician. Contributed saxophone to "<a href="/wiki/Honey_Pie" title="Honey Pie">Honey Pie</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_159-42">[42]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hariprasad_Chaurasia" title="Hariprasad Chaurasia">Hariprasad Chaurasia</a>—flautist; session musician. MacDonald credits the shehnai on "<a href="/wiki/The_Inner_Light_(song)" title="The Inner Light (song)">The Inner Light</a>" to Chaurasia or S. R. Kenkare<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_274-62">[62]</a></li> <li>Jim Chester—saxophonist; session musician. Contributed saxophone to "<a href="/wiki/Honey_Pie" title="Honey Pie">Honey Pie</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_159-42">[42]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Civil" title="Alan Civil">Alan Civil</a>—horn player; session musician. Contributed French horn to "<a href="/wiki/A_Day_in_the_Life" title="A Day in the Life">A Day in the Life</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_96-47">[47]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/For_No_One" title="For No One">For No One</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_79-56">[56]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Clapton" title="Eric Clapton">Eric Clapton</a>—guitarist and then-member of <a href="/wiki/Cream_(band)" title="Cream (band)">Cream</a>. Contributed vocals to "<a href="/wiki/All_You_Need_Is_Love" title="All You Need Is Love">All You Need Is Love</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_120-44">[44]</a> and electric guitar to "<a href="/wiki/While_My_Guitar_Gently_Weeps" title="While My Guitar Gently Weeps">While My Guitar Gently Weeps</a>".<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_153-63">[63]</a></li> <li>Frank Clarke—bassist; session musician. Contributed double bass to "<a href="/wiki/Penny_Lane" title="Penny Lane">Penny Lane</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_93-3">[3]</a></li> <li>Freddy Clayton—trumpeter; session musician. Contributed trumpet to "<a href="/wiki/Penny_Lane" title="Penny Lane">Penny Lane</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_93-3">[3]</a> and trumpet to "<a href="/wiki/Revolution_1" class="mw-redirect" title="Revolution 1">Revolution 1</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_138-64">[64]</a></li> <li>Giovanna Clayton–cellist; session musician. Contributed cello to "<a href="/wiki/Now_and_Then_(Beatles_song)" title="Now and Then (Beatles song)">Now and Then</a>"<a href="#cite_note-PA_NaT-46">[46]</a></li> <li>Peter Coe—saxophonist; session musician. Contributed tenor saxophone to "<a href="/wiki/Got_to_Get_You_into_My_Life" title="Got to Get You into My Life">Got to Get You into My Life</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_79-56">[56]</a></li> <li>Derek Collins—saxophonist; session musician. Contributed tenor saxophone to "<a href="/wiki/Savoy_Truffle" title="Savoy Truffle">Savoy Truffle</a>"<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_321-65">[65]</a></li> <li>Les Condon—trumpeter; session musician. Contributed trumpet to "<a href="/wiki/Got_to_Get_You_into_My_Life" title="Got to Get You into My Life">Got to Get You into My Life</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_79-56">[56]</a></li> <li>Roy Copestake—trumpeter; session musician. Contributed trumpet to "<a href="/wiki/Magical_Mystery_Tour_(song)" title="Magical Mystery Tour (song)">Magical Mystery Tour</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_111-66">[66]</a></li> <li>Bert Courtley—trumpeter; session musician. Contributed trumpet and flugelhorn to "<a href="/wiki/Penny_Lane" title="Penny Lane">Penny Lane</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_93-3">[3]</a></li> <li>Keith Cummings—cellist; session musician. Contributed cello to "<a href="/wiki/Glass_Onion_(song)" title="Glass Onion (song)">Glass Onion</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_161-54">[54]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/Piggies" title="Piggies">Piggies</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_161-54">[54]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="D">D</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: D">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Fred Dachtler—vocalist; session musician and member of the <a href="/wiki/Mike_Sammes_Singers" class="mw-redirect" title="Mike Sammes Singers">Mike Sammes Singers</a>. Contributed vocals to "<a href="/wiki/I_Am_the_Walrus" title="I Am the Walrus">I Am the Walrus</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_127-43">[43]</a></li> <li>Alan Dalziel—cellist; session musician. Contributed cello to "<a href="/wiki/A_Day_in_the_Life" title="A Day in the Life">A Day in the Life</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_96-47">[47]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/She%27s_Leaving_Home" title="She's Leaving Home">She's Leaving Home</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_103-58">[58]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunter_Davies" title="Hunter Davies">Hunter Davies</a>—journalist. Contributed vocals to "<a href="/wiki/All_You_Need_Is_Love" title="All You Need Is Love">All You Need Is Love</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_120-44">[44]</a></li> <li>Bernard Davis—violist; session musician. Contributed viola to "<a href="/wiki/A_Day_in_the_Life" title="A Day in the Life">A Day in the Life</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_96-47">[47]</a></li> <li>Henry Datyner—violinist; session musician. Contributed violin to "<a href="/wiki/A_Day_in_the_Life" title="A Day in the Life">A Day in the Life</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_96-47">[47]</a> "<a href="/wiki/Glass_Onion_(song)" title="Glass Onion (song)">Glass Onion</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_161-54">[54]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/Piggies" title="Piggies">Piggies</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_161-54">[54]</a></li> <li>June Day—vocalist; session musician and member of the <a href="/wiki/Mike_Sammes_Singers" class="mw-redirect" title="Mike Sammes Singers">Mike Sammes Singers</a>. Contributed vocals to "<a href="/wiki/I_Am_the_Walrus" title="I Am the Walrus">I Am the Walrus</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_127-43">[43]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rijram_Desad" title="Rijram Desad">Rijram Desad</a>—harmonium player; session musician. Contributed harmonium to "<a href="/wiki/The_Inner_Light_(song)" title="The Inner Light (song)">The Inner Light</a>"<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_274-62">[62]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donovan" title="Donovan">Donovan</a>—folk singer-songwriter. Contributed vocals to "<a href="/wiki/Yellow_Submarine_(song)" title="Yellow Submarine (song)">Yellow Submarine</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_81-15">[15]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="E">E</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: E">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Rose Eccles—wife of <a href="/wiki/Graham_Nash" title="Graham Nash">Graham Nash</a>. Contributed vocals "<a href="/wiki/All_You_Need_Is_Love" title="All You Need Is Love">All You Need Is Love</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_120-44">[44]</a></li> <li>Gwynne Edwards—violist; session musician. Contributed viola to "<a href="/wiki/A_Day_in_the_Life" title="A Day in the Life">A Day in the Life</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_96-47">[47]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_Ellefson" title="Art Ellefson">Art Ellefson</a>—saxophonist; session musician. Contributed tenor saxophone to "<a href="/wiki/Savoy_Truffle" title="Savoy Truffle">Savoy Truffle</a>"<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_321-65">[65]</a></li> <li>Jack Ellory—flautist; session musician. Contributed flute to "<a href="/wiki/The_Fool_on_the_Hill" title="The Fool on the Hill">The Fool on the Hill</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_129-52">[52]</a></li> <li>Ralph Elman—violinist; session musician. Contributed violin to "<a href="/wiki/I_Am_the_Walrus" title="I Am the Walrus">I Am the Walrus</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_127-43">[43]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/Within_You_Without_You" title="Within You Without You">Within You Without You</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_107-48">[48]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Emblow" title="Jack Emblow">Jack Emblow</a>—accordionist; session musician. Contributed accordion to "<a href="/wiki/All_You_Need_Is_Love" title="All You Need Is Love">All You Need Is Love</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_120-44">[44]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geoff_Emerick" title="Geoff Emerick">Geoff Emerick</a>—one of the group's <a href="/wiki/Audio_engineer" title="Audio engineer">engineers</a>. Contributed vocals to "<a href="/wiki/Yellow_Submarine_(song)" title="Yellow Submarine (song)">Yellow Submarine</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_81-15">[15]</a></li> <li>Ken Essex—violist; session musician. Contributed viola to "<a href="/wiki/Hello,_Goodbye" title="Hello, Goodbye">Hello, Goodbye</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_129-52">[52]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/Yesterday_(Beatles_song)" class="mw-redirect" title="Yesterday (Beatles song)">Yesterday</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_59-67">[67]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mal_Evans" title="Mal Evans">Mal Evans</a>—the group's <a href="/wiki/Road_manager" title="Road manager">road manager</a>. Contributed harmonica to "<a href="/wiki/Being_for_the_Benefit_of_Mr._Kite" class="mw-redirect" title="Being for the Benefit of Mr. Kite">Being for the Benefit of Mr. Kite</a>";<a href="#cite_note-Chittenden_2005-68">[68]</a> alarm clock and piano to "<a href="/wiki/A_Day_in_the_Life" title="A Day in the Life">A Day in the Life</a>";<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_94-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_99-69">[69]</a> hand claps to "<a href="/wiki/Dear_Prudence" title="Dear Prudence">Dear Prudence</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_152-70">[70]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/Birthday_(The_Beatles_song)" class="mw-redirect" title="Birthday (The Beatles song)">Birthday</a>";<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_156-55">[55]</a> trumpet to "<a href="/wiki/Helter_Skelter_(song)" title="Helter Skelter (song)">Helter Skelter</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_154-71">[71]</a> anvil to "<a href="/wiki/Maxwell%27s_Silver_Hammer" title="Maxwell's Silver Hammer">Maxwell's Silver Hammer</a>";<a href="#cite_note-Bosso_2009-72">[72]</a> handbell to "<a href="/wiki/What%27s_the_New_Mary_Jane" title="What's the New Mary Jane">What's the New Mary Jane</a>";<a href="#cite_note-The_Beatles_Bible_2008b-73">[73]</a> tambourine to "<a href="/wiki/Strawberry_Fields_Forever" title="Strawberry Fields Forever">Strawberry Fields Forever</a>";<a href="#cite_note-The_Beatles_Online_2007b-45">[45]</a> bass drum and vocals to "<a href="/wiki/Yellow_Submarine_(song)" title="Yellow Submarine (song)">Yellow Submarine</a>";<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_81-15">[15]</a> a pile of gravel dug with a shovel to "<a href="/wiki/You_Know_My_Name_(Look_Up_the_Number)" title="You Know My Name (Look Up the Number)">You Know My Name (Look Up the Number)</a>";<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_15-74">[74]</a><a href="#cite_note-Miles_1998_438-75">[75]</a> and Hammond organ to "<a href="/wiki/You_Won%27t_See_Me" title="You Won't See Me">You Won't See Me</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_68-76">[76]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="F">F</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: F">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Marianne-faithfull-8_Istanbul_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Marianne-faithfull-8_Istanbul_2.jpg/220px-Marianne-faithfull-8_Istanbul_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="331" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Marianne-faithfull-8_Istanbul_2.jpg/330px-Marianne-faithfull-8_Istanbul_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Marianne-faithfull-8_Istanbul_2.jpg/440px-Marianne-faithfull-8_Istanbul_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="531" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>Marianne Faithfull in 2008</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marianne_Faithfull" title="Marianne Faithfull">Marianne Faithfull</a>—pop singer. Contributed vocals to "<a href="/wiki/All_You_Need_Is_Love" title="All You Need Is Love">All You Need Is Love</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_120-44">[44]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/Yellow_Submarine_(song)" title="Yellow Submarine (song)">Yellow Submarine</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_81-15">[15]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Fallon" title="Jack Fallon">Jack Fallon</a>—violinist; session musician. Contributed violin to "<a href="/wiki/Don%27t_Pass_Me_By" title="Don't Pass Me By">Don't Pass Me By</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_142-77">[77]</a></li> <li>Norman Fawcett—bassoonist; session musician. Contributed bassoon to "<a href="/wiki/A_Day_in_the_Life" title="A Day in the Life">A Day in the Life</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_96-47">[47]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niall_Ferguson" title="Niall Ferguson">Niall Ferguson</a>–cellist; session musician. Contributed cello to "<a href="/wiki/Now_and_Then_(Beatles_song)" title="Now and Then (Beatles song)">Now and Then</a>"<a href="#cite_note-PA_NaT-46">[46]</a></li> <li>Tony Fisher—trumpeter; session musician. Contributed trumpet to "<a href="/wiki/Strawberry_Fields_Forever" title="Strawberry Fields Forever">Strawberry Fields Forever</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_90-53">[53]</a></li> <li>Allen Ford—cellist; session musician. Contributed cello to "<a href="/wiki/Within_You_Without_You" title="Within You Without You">Within You Without You</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_107-48">[48]</a></li> <li>Drew Forde–violist; session musician. Contributed viola to "<a href="/wiki/Now_and_Then_(Beatles_song)" title="Now and Then (Beatles song)">Now and Then</a>"<a href="#cite_note-PA_NaT-46">[46]</a></li> <li>Eldon Fox—cellist; session musician. Contributed cello to "<a href="/wiki/Glass_Onion_(song)" title="Glass Onion (song)">Glass Onion</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_161-54">[54]</a> "<a href="/wiki/I_Am_the_Walrus" title="I Am the Walrus">I Am the Walrus</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_127-43">[43]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/Piggies" title="Piggies">Piggies</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_161-54">[54]</a></li> <li>J. Fraser—vocalist; session musician and member of the <a href="/wiki/Mike_Sammes_Singers" class="mw-redirect" title="Mike Sammes Singers">Mike Sammes Singers</a>. Contributed vocals to "<a href="/wiki/I_Am_the_Walrus" title="I Am the Walrus">I Am the Walrus</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_127-43">[43]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tristan_Fry" title="Tristan Fry">Tristan Fry</a>—percussionist; session musician. Contributed percussion and timpani to "<a href="/wiki/A_Day_in_the_Life" title="A Day in the Life">A Day in the Life</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_96-47">[47]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="G">G</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: G">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Francesc_Gabarr%C3%B3_Sol%C3%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Francesc Gabarró Solé (page does not exist)">Francesc Gabarró Solé</a> [<a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francesc_Gabarr%C3%B3_Sol%C3%A9" class="extiw" title="ca:Francesc Gabarró Solé">ca</a>]—cellist; session musician. Contributed cello to "<a href="/wiki/A_Day_in_the_Life" title="A Day in the Life">A Day in the Life</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_96-47">[47]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/Yesterday_(Beatles_song)" class="mw-redirect" title="Yesterday (Beatles song)">Yesterday</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_59-67">[67]</a></li> <li>Julien Gaillard—violinist; session musician. Contributed violin to "<a href="/wiki/Within_You_Without_You" title="Within You Without You">Within You Without You</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_107-48">[48]</a></li> <li>Jose Luis Garcia—violinist; session musician. Contributed violin to "<a href="/wiki/She%27s_Leaving_Home" title="She's Leaving Home">She's Leaving Home</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_103-58">[58]</a></li> <li>Hans Geiger—violinist; session musician. Contributed violin to "<a href="/wiki/A_Day_in_the_Life" title="A Day in the Life">A Day in the Life</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_96-47">[47]</a></li> <li>Bernard George—saxophonist; session musician. Contributed baritone saxophone to "<a href="/wiki/Savoy_Truffle" title="Savoy Truffle">Savoy Truffle</a>"<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_321-65">[65]</a></li> <li>Sharad Ghosh—shehnai player; session musician. MacDonald credits the shehnai on "<a href="/wiki/The_Inner_Light_(song)" title="The Inner Light (song)">The Inner Light</a>" to Ghosh or Hanuman Jadev<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_274-62">[62]</a></li> <li>Tony Gilbert—violinist; session musician. Contributed violin to "<a href="/wiki/Eleanor_Rigby" title="Eleanor Rigby">Eleanor Rigby</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_59-67">[67]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/Yesterday_(Beatles_song)" class="mw-redirect" title="Yesterday (Beatles song)">Yesterday</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_59-67">[67]</a></li> <li>Ross Gilmour—vocalist; session musician and member of the <a href="/wiki/Mike_Sammes_Singers" class="mw-redirect" title="Mike Sammes Singers">Mike Sammes Singers</a>. Contributed vocals to "<a href="/wiki/Good_Night_(Beatles_song)" title="Good Night (Beatles song)">Good Night</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_144-14">[14]</a></li> <li>David Glyde—saxophonist; session musician. Contributed saxophone to "<a href="/wiki/Good_Morning_Good_Morning" title="Good Morning Good Morning">Good Morning Good Morning</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_102-61">[61]</a></li> <li>Phil Goody—flautist; session musician. Contributed flute to "<a href="/wiki/Penny_Lane" title="Penny Lane">Penny Lane</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_93-3">[3]</a></li> <li>Allan Grant—vocalist; session musician and member of the <a href="/wiki/Mike_Sammes_Singers" class="mw-redirect" title="Mike Sammes Singers">Mike Sammes Singers</a>. Contributed vocals to "<a href="/wiki/I_Am_the_Walrus" title="I Am the Walrus">I Am the Walrus</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_127-43">[43]</a></li> <li>Jack Greene—violinist; session musician. Contributed violin to "<a href="/wiki/I_Am_the_Walrus" title="I Am the Walrus">I Am the Walrus</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_127-43">[43]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/Within_You_Without_You" title="Within You Without You">Within You Without You</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_107-48">[48]</a></li> <li>D. Griffiths—vocalist; session musician and member of the <a href="/wiki/Mike_Sammes_Singers" class="mw-redirect" title="Mike Sammes Singers">Mike Sammes Singers</a>. Contributed vocals to "<a href="/wiki/I_Am_the_Walrus" title="I Am the Walrus">I Am the Walrus</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_127-43">[43]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erich_Gruenberg" title="Erich Gruenberg">Erich Gruenberg</a>—violinist; session musician. Contributed violin to "<a href="/wiki/A_Day_in_the_Life" title="A Day in the Life">A Day in the Life</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_96-47">[47]</a> "<a href="/wiki/She%27s_Leaving_Home" title="She's Leaving Home">She's Leaving Home</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_103-58">[58]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/Within_You_Without_You" title="Within You Without You">Within You Without You</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_107-48">[48]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="H">H</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: H">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Patrick Hailing—violinist; session musician. Contributed violin to "<a href="/wiki/All_You_Need_Is_Love" title="All You Need Is Love">All You Need Is Love</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_120-44">[44]</a></li> <li>John Hall—cellist; session musician. Contributed cello to "<a href="/wiki/Strawberry_Fields_Forever" title="Strawberry Fields Forever">Strawberry Fields Forever</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_90-53">[53]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ian_Hamer_(musician)" title="Ian Hamer (musician)">Ian Hamer</a>—trumpeter; session musician. Contributed trumpet to "<a href="/wiki/Got_to_Get_You_into_My_Life" title="Got to Get You into My Life">Got to Get You into My Life</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_79-56">[56]</a></li> <li>Neel Hammond–violinist; session musician. Contributed violin to "<a href="/wiki/Now_and_Then_(Beatles_song)" title="Now and Then (Beatles song)">Now and Then</a>"<a href="#cite_note-PA_NaT-46">[46]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Harrison" title="George Harrison">George Harrison</a>—aside from contributing vocals and guitar (both acoustic and electric), Harrison also contributed bass guitar,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_122-78">[78]</a> organ,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_236-79">[79]</a> Moog synthesizer,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_356-20">[20]</a> harmonium,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_356-20">[20]</a> vibraphone,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_259-80">[80]</a> harmonica,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_237-81">[81]</a> sitar,<a href="#cite_note-Perone_2012_85-82">[82]</a><a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_162-83">[83]</a> tambura,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_185-84">[84]</a> violin,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_261-85">[85]</a> percussion (including hand claps,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_66-86">[86]</a> finger clicks,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_210-87">[87]</a> maracas,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_151-88">[88]</a> African drum<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_127-89">[89]</a> and drums<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_309-90">[90]</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Comb_and_paper" title="Comb and paper">comb and paper</a>;<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_239-91">[91]</a> <a href="/wiki/Ian_MacDonald" title="Ian MacDonald">Ian MacDonald</a> suggests Harrison may also have contributed tambourine,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_122-78">[78]</a> ukulele<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_376-92">[92]</a> and harpsichord<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_304-93">[93]</a></li> <li>Ayvren Harrison–violist; session musician. Contributed viola to "<a href="/wiki/Now_and_Then_(Beatles_song)" title="Now and Then (Beatles song)">Now and Then</a>"<a href="#cite_note-PA_NaT-46">[46]</a></li> <li>Jurgen Hess—violinist; session musician. Contributed violin to "<a href="/wiki/A_Day_in_the_Life" title="A Day in the Life">A Day in the Life</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_96-47">[47]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/Eleanor_Rigby" title="Eleanor Rigby">Eleanor Rigby</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_59-67">[67]</a></li> <li>Alan Holmes—saxophonist; session musician. Contributed saxophone to "<a href="/wiki/Good_Morning_Good_Morning" title="Good Morning Good Morning">Good Morning Good Morning</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_102-61">[61]</a></li> <li>Jack Holmes—violinist; session musician. Contributed violin to "<a href="/wiki/All_You_Need_Is_Love" title="All You Need Is Love">All You Need Is Love</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_120-44">[44]</a></li> <li>Don Honeywill—saxophonist; session musician. Contributed tenor saxophone to "<a href="/wiki/All_You_Need_Is_Love" title="All You Need Is Love">All You Need Is Love</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_120-44">[44]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicky_Hopkins" title="Nicky Hopkins">Nicky Hopkins</a>—keyboardist; session musician. Contributed electric piano to "<a href="/wiki/Revolution_(Beatles_song)" title="Revolution (Beatles song)">Revolution</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_142-77">[77]</a></li> <li>Wendy Horan—vocalist; session musician and member of the <a href="/wiki/Mike_Sammes_Singers" class="mw-redirect" title="Mike Sammes Singers">Mike Sammes Singers</a>. Contributed vocals to "<a href="/wiki/I_Am_the_Walrus" title="I Am the Walrus">I Am the Walrus</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_127-43">[43]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elgar_Howarth" title="Elgar Howarth">Elgar Howarth</a>—trumpeter; session musician. Contributed trumpet to "<a href="/wiki/Magical_Mystery_Tour_(song)" title="Magical Mystery Tour (song)">Magical Mystery Tour</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_111-66">[66]</a></li> <li>Ronnie Hughes—trumpeter; session musician. Contributed trumpet to "<a href="/wiki/Martha_My_Dear" title="Martha My Dear">Martha My Dear</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_159-42">[42]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="J">J</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: J">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Derek Jacobs—violinist; session musician. Contributed violin to "<a href="/wiki/She%27s_Leaving_Home" title="She's Leaving Home">She's Leaving Home</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_103-58">[58]</a></li> <li>Bill Jackman—flautist and saxophonist; session musician. Contributed flute, vocals and hand claps to "<a href="/wiki/Hey_Jude" title="Hey Jude">Hey Jude</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_146-94">[94]</a> and tenor saxophone to "<a href="/wiki/Lady_Madonna" title="Lady Madonna">Lady Madonna</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_146-94">[94]</a></li> <li>Harold Jackson—trumpeter; session musician. Contributed trumpet to "<a href="/wiki/A_Day_in_the_Life" title="A Day in the Life">A Day in the Life</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_96-47">[47]</a></li> <li>Hanuman Jadev—shehnai player; session musician. MacDonald credits the shehnai on "<a href="/wiki/The_Inner_Light_(song)" title="The Inner Light (song)">The Inner Light</a>" to Jadev or Sharad Ghosh<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_274-62">[62]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mick_Jagger" title="Mick Jagger">Mick Jagger</a>—singer and member of <a href="/wiki/The_Rolling_Stones" title="The Rolling Stones">The Rolling Stones</a>. Contributed vocals to "<a href="/wiki/All_You_Need_Is_Love" title="All You Need Is Love">All You Need Is Love</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_120-44">[44]</a></li> <li>John Jezzard—violinist; session musician. Contributed violin to "<a href="/wiki/I_Am_the_Walrus" title="I Am the Walrus">I Am the Walrus</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_127-43">[43]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Jones" title="Brian Jones">Brian Jones</a>—member of <a href="/wiki/The_Rolling_Stones" title="The Rolling Stones">The Rolling Stones</a>. Contributed vocals to "<a href="/wiki/Yellow_Submarine_(song)" title="Yellow Submarine (song)">Yellow Submarine</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_81-15">[15]</a> and alto saxophone to "<a href="/wiki/You_Know_My_Name_(Look_Up_the_Number)" title="You Know My Name (Look Up the Number)">You Know My Name (Look Up the Number)</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_116-95">[95]</a></li> <li>Granville Jones—violinist; session musician. Contributed violin to "<a href="/wiki/A_Day_in_the_Life" title="A Day in the Life">A Day in the Life</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_96-47">[47]</a></li> <li>Norman Jones—cellist; session musician. Contributed cello to "<a href="/wiki/Eleanor_Rigby" title="Eleanor Rigby">Eleanor Rigby</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_59-67">[67]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/Strawberry_Fields_Forever" title="Strawberry Fields Forever">Strawberry Fields Forever</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_90-53">[53]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="K">K</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: K">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>S. R. Kenkare—flautist; session musician. MacDonald credits the shehnai on "<a href="/wiki/The_Inner_Light_(song)" title="The Inner Light (song)">The Inner Light</a>" to Kenkare or Hariprasad Chaurasia<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_274-62">[62]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aashish_Khan" title="Aashish Khan">Aashish Khan</a>—<a href="/wiki/Sarod" title="Sarod">sarod</a> player; session musician. Contributed sarod to "<a href="/wiki/The_Inner_Light_(song)" title="The Inner Light (song)">The Inner Light</a>"<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_274-62">[62]</a></li> <li>Reginald Kilbey—cellist; session musician. Contributed cello to "<a href="/wiki/Glass_Onion_(song)" title="Glass Onion (song)">Glass Onion</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_161-54">[54]</a> "<a href="/wiki/Martha_My_Dear" title="Martha My Dear">Martha My Dear</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_159-42">[42]</a> "<a href="/wiki/Piggies" title="Piggies">Piggies</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_161-54">[54]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/Within_You_Without_You" title="Within You Without You">Within You Without You</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_107-48">[48]</a></li> <li>Irene King—vocalist; session musician and member of the <a href="/wiki/Mike_Sammes_Singers" class="mw-redirect" title="Mike Sammes Singers">Mike Sammes Singers</a>. Contributed vocals to "<a href="/wiki/Good_Night_(Beatles_song)" title="Good Night (Beatles song)">Good Night</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_144-14">[14]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/I_Am_the_Walrus" title="I Am the Walrus">I Am the Walrus</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_127-43">[43]</a></li> <li>Sylvia King—vocalist; session musician and member of the <a href="/wiki/Mike_Sammes_Singers" class="mw-redirect" title="Mike Sammes Singers">Mike Sammes Singers</a>. Contributed vocals to "<a href="/wiki/I_Am_the_Walrus" title="I Am the Walrus">I Am the Walrus</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_127-43">[43]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Klein" title="Harry Klein">Harry Klein</a>—saxophonist; session musician. Contributed saxophone to "<a href="/wiki/Honey_Pie" title="Honey Pie">Honey Pie</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_159-42">[42]</a> and baritone saxophone to "<a href="/wiki/Lady_Madonna" title="Lady Madonna">Lady Madonna</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_133-57">[57]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/Savoy_Truffle" title="Savoy Truffle">Savoy Truffle</a>",<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_321-65">[65]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Kok" title="Alexander Kok">Bobby Kok</a>—cellist; session musician. Contributed cello, vocals and hand claps to "<a href="/wiki/Hey_Jude" title="Hey Jude">Hey Jude</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_146-94">[94]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eddie_Kramer" title="Eddie Kramer">Eddie Kramer</a>—engineer. Contributed vibraphone to "<a href="/wiki/Baby_You%27re_a_Rich_Man" class="mw-redirect" title="Baby You're a Rich Man">Baby You're a Rich Man</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_111-66">[66]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="L">L</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: L">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Don_Lang_(musician)" title="Don Lang (musician)">Don Lang</a>—trombonist; session musician. Contributed trombone to "<a href="/wiki/Revolution_1" class="mw-redirect" title="Revolution 1">Revolution 1</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_138-64">[64]</a></li> <li>John Lee—trombonist; session musician. Contributed trombone to "<a href="/wiki/Good_Morning_Good_Morning" title="Good Morning Good Morning">Good Morning Good Morning</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_102-61">[61]</a></li> <li>Songa Lee–violinist; session musician. Contributed violin to "<a href="/wiki/Now_and_Then_(Beatles_song)" title="Now and Then (Beatles song)">Now and Then</a>"<a href="#cite_note-PA_NaT-46">[46]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gary_Leeds" class="mw-redirect" title="Gary Leeds">Gary Leeds</a>—musician and member of <a href="/wiki/The_Walker_Brothers" title="The Walker Brothers">The Walker Brothers</a>. Contributed vocals to "<a href="/wiki/All_You_Need_Is_Love" title="All You Need Is Love">All You Need Is Love</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_120-44">[44]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon">John Lennon</a>—aside from vocals and guitar (both electric and acoustic) on numerous recordings, Lennon contributed instruments such as piano,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_296-96">[96]</a> electric piano,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_264-97">[97]</a> organ,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_324-98">[98]</a> harpsichord,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_261-85">[85]</a> harmonium,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_198-99">[99]</a> Mellotron,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_270-100">[100]</a> Moog synthesizer,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_342-101">[101]</a> clavioline,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_257-102">[102]</a> harmonica,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_259-80">[80]</a> banjo,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_261-85">[85]</a> ukulele,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_259-80">[80]</a> bass guitar,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_337-26">[26]</a> lap steel guitar,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_337-26">[26]</a> percussion<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_239-91">[91]</a> (including maracas,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_259-80">[80]</a> cowbell,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_246-103">[103]</a> bongos,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_212-104">[104]</a> congas,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_221-105">[105]</a> maracas,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_363-106">[106]</a> hand claps,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_294-24">[24]</a> finger clicks,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_210-87">[87]</a> tambourine,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_207-107">[107]</a> and drums<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_309-90">[90]</a>), comb and paper,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_315-108">[108]</a> and tenor saxophone;<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_297-109">[109]</a> <a href="/wiki/Ian_MacDonald" title="Ian MacDonald">Ian MacDonald</a> also suggests that Lennon may have also contributed <a href="/wiki/Jew%27s_harp" title="Jew's harp">Jew's harp</a><a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_271-110">[110]</a> and glockenspiel<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_236-79">[79]</a></li> <li>Norman Lenderman—violinist; session musician. Contributed violin to "<a href="/wiki/Glass_Onion_(song)" title="Glass Onion (song)">Glass Onion</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_161-54">[54]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/Piggies" title="Piggies">Piggies</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_161-54">[54]</a></li> <li>Gordon Lewins—clarinettist; session musician. Contributed clarinet to "<a href="/wiki/I_Am_the_Walrus" title="I Am the Walrus">I Am the Walrus</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_127-43">[43]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackie_Lomax" title="Jackie Lomax">Jackie Lomax</a>—guitarist and singer; <a href="/wiki/Apple_Records" title="Apple Records">Apple Records</a> artist. Contributed hand claps to "<a href="/wiki/Dear_Prudence" title="Dear Prudence">Dear Prudence</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_152-70">[70]</a></li> <li>Roger Lord—oboist; session musician. Contributed oboe to "<a href="/wiki/A_Day_in_the_Life" title="A Day in the Life">A Day in the Life</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_96-47">[47]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Loveday" title="Alan Loveday">Alan Loveday</a>—violinist; session musician. Contributed violin to "<a href="/wiki/Within_You_Without_You" title="Within You Without You">Within You Without You</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_107-48">[48]</a></li> <li>Fred Lucas—vocalist; session musician and member of the <a href="/wiki/Mike_Sammes_Singers" class="mw-redirect" title="Mike Sammes Singers">Mike Sammes Singers</a>. Contributed vocals to "<a href="/wiki/Good_Night_(Beatles_song)" title="Good Night (Beatles song)">Good Night</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_144-14">[14]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/I_Am_the_Walrus" title="I Am the Walrus">I Am the Walrus</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_127-43">[43]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Lynne" title="Jeff Lynne">Jeff Lynne</a>—producer ("<a href="/wiki/Free_as_a_Bird" title="Free as a Bird">Free as a Bird</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Real_Love_(Beatles_song)" title="Real Love (Beatles song)">Real Love</a>", and "<a href="/wiki/Now_and_Then_(Beatles_song)" title="Now and Then (Beatles song)">Now and Then</a>"<a href="#cite_note-113">[a]</a>). Contributed vocals and guitar to "<a href="/wiki/Real_Love_(Beatles_song)" title="Real Love (Beatles song)">Real Love</a>".<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_379-114">[113]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="M">M</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: M">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:George_Martin_-_backstage_at_LOVE.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/George_Martin_-_backstage_at_LOVE.jpg/220px-George_Martin_-_backstage_at_LOVE.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="278" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/George_Martin_-_backstage_at_LOVE.jpg/330px-George_Martin_-_backstage_at_LOVE.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/George_Martin_-_backstage_at_LOVE.jpg 2x" data-file-width="348" data-file-height="439" /></a><figcaption>George Martin in 2006</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>Cyril MacArthur—bassist; session musician. Contributed double bass to "<a href="/wiki/A_Day_in_the_Life" title="A Day in the Life">A Day in the Life</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_96-47">[47]</a></li> <li>Henry MacKenzie—clarinettist; session musician. Contributed clarinet to "<a href="/wiki/When_I%27m_Sixty-Four" title="When I'm Sixty-Four">When I'm Sixty-Four</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_90-53">[53]</a></li> <li>Les Maddox—violinist; session musician. Contributed violin to "<a href="/wiki/Martha_My_Dear" title="Martha My Dear">Martha My Dear</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_159-42">[42]</a></li> <li>G. Mallen—vocalist; session musician and member of the <a href="/wiki/Mike_Sammes_Singers" class="mw-redirect" title="Mike Sammes Singers">Mike Sammes Singers</a>. Contributed vocals to "<a href="/wiki/I_Am_the_Walrus" title="I Am the Walrus">I Am the Walrus</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_127-43">[43]</a></li> <li>John Marson—harpist; session musician. Contributed harp to "<a href="/wiki/A_Day_in_the_Life" title="A Day in the Life">A Day in the Life</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_96-47">[47]</a></li> <li>Bram Martin—cellist; session musician. Contributed cello to "<a href="/wiki/I_Am_the_Walrus" title="I Am the Walrus">I Am the Walrus</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_127-43">[43]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Martin" title="George Martin">George Martin</a>—the group's producer. Contributed piano to "<a href="/wiki/A_Hard_Day%27s_Night_(song)" title="A Hard Day's Night (song)">A Hard Day's Night</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_43-115">[114]</a> "<a href="/wiki/All_You_Need_Is_Love" title="All You Need Is Love">All You Need Is Love</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_120-44">[44]</a> "<a href="/wiki/Getting_Better" title="Getting Better">Getting Better</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_102-61">[61]</a> "<a href="/wiki/Good_Day_Sunshine" title="Good Day Sunshine">Good Day Sunshine</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_83-116">[115]</a> "<a href="/wiki/In_My_Life" title="In My Life">In My Life</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_65-117">[116]</a> "<a href="/wiki/Long_Tall_Sally" title="Long Tall Sally">Long Tall Sally</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_41-118">[117]</a> "<a href="/wiki/Lovely_Rita" title="Lovely Rita">Lovely Rita</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_104-119">[118]</a> "<a href="/wiki/Misery_(The_Beatles_song)" class="mw-redirect" title="Misery (The Beatles song)">Misery</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_28-120">[119]</a> "<a href="/wiki/Money_(That%27s_What_I_Want)" title="Money (That's What I Want)">Money (That's What I Want)</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_34-121">[120]</a> "<a href="/wiki/No_Reply_(song)" title="No Reply (song)">No Reply</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_49-122">[121]</a> "<a href="/wiki/Not_a_Second_Time" title="Not a Second Time">Not a Second Time</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_35-123">[122]</a> "<a href="/wiki/Rock_and_Roll_Music_(song)" title="Rock and Roll Music (song)">Rock and Roll Music</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_50-124">[123]</a> "<a href="/wiki/Rocky_Raccoon" title="Rocky Raccoon">Rocky Raccoon</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_149-125">[124]</a> "<a href="/wiki/Slow_Down_(Larry_Williams_song)" title="Slow Down (Larry Williams song)">Slow Down</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_41-118">[117]</a> "<a href="/wiki/What_You%27re_Doing" title="What You're Doing">What You're Doing</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_49-122">[121]</a> "<a href="/wiki/You_Like_Me_Too_Much" title="You Like Me Too Much">You Like Me Too Much</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_154-71">[71]</a> "<a href="/wiki/You_Really_Got_a_Hold_on_Me" class="mw-redirect" title="You Really Got a Hold on Me">You Really Got a Hold on Me</a>";<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_34-121">[120]</a> celesta to "<a href="/wiki/Baby_It%27s_You" title="Baby It's You">Baby It's You</a>";<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_28-120">[119]</a> Hammond organ to "<a href="/wiki/Across_the_Universe" title="Across the Universe">Across the Universe</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_134-126">[125]</a> "<a href="/wiki/Got_to_Get_You_into_My_Life" title="Got to Get You into My Life">Got to Get You into My Life</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_79-56">[56]</a> "<a href="/wiki/Maxwell%27s_Silver_Hammer" title="Maxwell's Silver Hammer">Maxwell's Silver Hammer</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_179-127">[126]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/With_a_Little_Help_from_My_Friends" title="With a Little Help from My Friends">With a Little Help from My Friends</a>";<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_106-128">[127]</a> piano, harmonium, Lowrey organ and glockenspiel to "<a href="/wiki/Being_for_the_Benefit_of_Mr._Kite" class="mw-redirect" title="Being for the Benefit of Mr. Kite">Being for the Benefit of Mr. Kite</a>";<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_106-128">[127]</a> harmonium to "<a href="/wiki/Cry_Baby_Cry" title="Cry Baby Cry">Cry Baby Cry</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_143-129">[128]</a> "<a href="/wiki/A_Day_in_the_Life" title="A Day in the Life">A Day in the Life</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_96-47">[47]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/The_Word_(song)" title="The Word (song)">The Word</a>";<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_68-76">[76]</a> harpsichord to "<a href="/wiki/Because_(The_Beatles_song)" class="mw-redirect" title="Because (The Beatles song)">Because</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_184-130">[129]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/Fixing_a_Hole" title="Fixing a Hole">Fixing a Hole</a>";<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_95-131">[130]</a> <a href="/wiki/Shaker_(musical_instrument)" title="Shaker (musical instrument)">shaker</a> to "<a href="/wiki/Dig_It_(The_Beatles_song)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dig It (The Beatles song)">Dig It</a>";<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_167-132">[131]</a> and vocals to "<a href="/wiki/Christmas_Time_(Is_Here_Again)" title="Christmas Time (Is Here Again)">Christmas Time (Is Here Again)</a>"<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_273-133">[132]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/Yellow_Submarine_(song)" title="Yellow Submarine (song)">Yellow Submarine</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_81-15">[15]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Mason_(trumpet_player)" class="mw-redirect" title="David Mason (trumpet player)">David Mason</a>—trumpeter; session musician. Contributed piccolo trumpet to "<a href="/wiki/All_You_Need_Is_Love" title="All You Need Is Love">All You Need Is Love</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_120-44">[44]</a> "<a href="/wiki/A_Day_in_the_Life" title="A Day in the Life">A Day in the Life</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_96-47">[47]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/Penny_Lane" title="Penny Lane">Penny Lane</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_93-3">[3]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_McCallum_Sr." title="David McCallum Sr.">David McCallum</a>—violinist; session musician. Contributed violin to "<a href="/wiki/A_Day_in_the_Life" title="A Day in the Life">A Day in the Life</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_96-47">[47]</a></li> <li>John McCartney—Paul McCartney's cousin. Contributed hand claps to "<a href="/wiki/Dear_Prudence" title="Dear Prudence">Dear Prudence</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_152-70">[70]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linda_McCartney" title="Linda McCartney">Linda McCartney</a>—Paul McCartney's then-wife. Contributed vocals to "<a href="/wiki/Let_It_Be_(song)" title="Let It Be (song)">Let It Be</a>"<a href="#cite_note-The_Beatles_Bible_2008d-134">[133]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_McCartney" title="Paul McCartney">Paul McCartney</a>—aside from bass guitar and vocals on numerous recordings, McCartney also contributed acoustic<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_119-135">[134]</a> and electric<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_142-136">[135]</a> guitars, piano<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_96-137">[136]</a> and electric piano,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_149-138">[137]</a> clavichord,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_205-139">[138]</a> organ,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_127-89">[89]</a> Mellotron,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_212-104">[104]</a> harmonium,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_221-105">[105]</a> percussion (such as hand claps,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_66-86">[86]</a> finger clicks,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_210-87">[87]</a> timpani,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_212-104">[104]</a> tambourine,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_221-105">[105]</a> claves,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_98-140">[139]</a> bongos,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_212-104">[104]</a> congas,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_272-141">[140]</a> cowbell,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_107-142">[141]</a> guiro,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_149-138">[137]</a> wind chimes,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_351-143">[142]</a> maracas<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_337-26">[26]</a> and drums<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_309-90">[90]</a>) flugelhorn,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_310-144">[143]</a> recorder<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_271-110">[110]</a> and comb and paper;<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_239-91">[91]</a> MacDonald also suggests McCartney may have provided trumpet<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_236-79">[79]</a> and synthesizer<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_376-92">[92]</a></li> <li>Dennis McConnell—violinist; session musician. Contributed violin to "<a href="/wiki/Martha_My_Dear" title="Martha My Dear">Martha My Dear</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_159-42">[42]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_McGear" class="mw-redirect" title="Mike McGear">Mike McGear</a>—photographer and brother of Paul McCartney. Contributed vocals to "<a href="/wiki/All_You_Need_Is_Love" title="All You Need Is Love">All You Need Is Love</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_120-44">[44]</a></li> <li>Andrew McGee—violinist; session musician. Contributed violin to "<a href="/wiki/I_Am_the_Walrus" title="I Am the Walrus">I Am the Walrus</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_127-43">[43]</a></li> <li>Serena McKinney–violinist; session musician. Contributed violin to "<a href="/wiki/Now_and_Then_(Beatles_song)" title="Now and Then (Beatles song)">Now and Then</a>"<a href="#cite_note-PA_NaT-46">[46]</a></li> <li>John Meek—violist; session musician. Contributed viola to "<a href="/wiki/A_Day_in_the_Life" title="A Day in the Life">A Day in the Life</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_96-47">[47]</a></li> <li>Bernard Miller—violinist; session musician. Contributed violin to "<a href="/wiki/Martha_My_Dear" title="Martha My Dear">Martha My Dear</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_159-42">[42]</a></li> <li>Morris Miller—horn player; session musician. Contributed French horn to "<a href="/wiki/I_Am_the_Walrus" title="I Am the Walrus">I Am the Walrus</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_127-43">[43]</a></li> <li>Mahapurush Misra—percussionist; session musician. Contributed tabla and <a href="/wiki/Pakhavaj" title="Pakhavaj">pakhavaj</a> to "<a href="/wiki/The_Inner_Light_(song)" title="The Inner Light (song)">The Inner Light</a>"<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_274-62">[62]</a></li> <li>Bill Monro—violinist; session musician. Contributed violin to "<a href="/wiki/A_Day_in_the_Life" title="A Day in the Life">A Day in the Life</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_96-47">[47]</a></li> <li>Monty Montgomery—trumpeter; session musician. Contributed trumpet to "<a href="/wiki/A_Day_in_the_Life" title="A Day in the Life">A Day in the Life</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_96-47">[47]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keith_Moon" title="Keith Moon">Keith Moon</a>—drummer for <a href="/wiki/The_Who" title="The Who">The Who</a>. Contributed vocals and brushed drums to "<a href="/wiki/All_You_Need_Is_Love" title="All You Need Is Love">All You Need Is Love</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_120-44">[44]</a></li> <li>T. Moore—trombonist; session musician. Contributed trombone to "<a href="/wiki/A_Day_in_the_Life" title="A Day in the Life">A Day in the Life</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_96-47">[47]</a></li> <li>Dick Morgan—oboist; session musician. Contributed oboe and cor anglais to "<a href="/wiki/Penny_Lane" title="Penny Lane">Penny Lane</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_93-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-The_Beatles_Online_2007a-60">[60]</a></li> <li>Rex Morris—session musician. Contributed tenor saxophone to "<a href="/wiki/All_You_Need_Is_Love" title="All You Need Is Love">All You Need Is Love</a>";<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_120-44">[44]</a> saxophone to "<a href="/wiki/Honey_Pie" title="Honey Pie">Honey Pie</a>";<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_159-42">[42]</a> and trombone to "<a href="/wiki/Revolution_1" class="mw-redirect" title="Revolution 1">Revolution 1</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_138-64">[64]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danny_Moss" title="Danny Moss">Danny Moss</a>—saxophonist; session musician. Contributed tenor saxophone to "<a href="/wiki/Savoy_Truffle" title="Savoy Truffle">Savoy Truffle</a>"<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_321-65">[65]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Myerscough" title="Henry Myerscough">Henry Myerscough</a>—violist; session musician. Contributed viola to "<a href="/wiki/Martha_My_Dear" title="Martha My Dear">Martha My Dear</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_159-42">[42]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="N">N</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: N">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Graham_Nash" title="Graham Nash">Graham Nash</a>—singer-songwriter and then-member of <a href="/wiki/The_Hollies" title="The Hollies">The Hollies</a>. Contributed vocals to "<a href="/wiki/All_You_Need_Is_Love" title="All You Need Is Love">All You Need Is Love</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_120-44">[44]</a></li> <li>Raymond Newman—clarinettist; session musician. Contributed clarinet to "<a href="/wiki/Honey_Pie" title="Honey Pie">Honey Pie</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_159-42">[42]</a></li> <li>Alex Nifosi—cellist; session musician. Contributed cello to "<a href="/wiki/A_Day_in_the_Life" title="A Day in the Life">A Day in the Life</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_96-47">[47]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="O">O</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: O">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_O%27Neill_(musician,_born_1926)" title="John O'Neill (musician, born 1926)">John O'Neill</a>—vocalist; session musician and member of the <a href="/wiki/Mike_Sammes_Singers" class="mw-redirect" title="Mike Sammes Singers">Mike Sammes Singers</a>. Contributed vocals to "<a href="/wiki/I_Am_the_Walrus" title="I Am the Walrus">I Am the Walrus</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_127-43">[43]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoko_Ono" title="Yoko Ono">Yoko Ono</a>—John Lennon's second wife. Contributed vocals to "<a href="/wiki/Birthday_(The_Beatles_song)" class="mw-redirect" title="Birthday (The Beatles song)">Birthday</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_156-55">[55]</a> "<a href="/wiki/The_Continuing_Story_of_Bungalow_Bill" title="The Continuing Story of Bungalow Bill">The Continuing Story of Bungalow Bill</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_160-145">[144]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/What%27s_the_New_Mary_Jane" title="What's the New Mary Jane">What's the New Mary Jane</a>"<a href="#cite_note-The_Beatles_Bible_2008b-73">[73]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="P">P</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: P">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Billy_Preston.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Billy_Preston.jpg/220px-Billy_Preston.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="299" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Billy_Preston.jpg/330px-Billy_Preston.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Billy_Preston.jpg/440px-Billy_Preston.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2072" data-file-height="2816" /></a><figcaption>Billy Preston in 1974</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>Gordon Pearce—bassist; session musician. Contributed double bass to "<a href="/wiki/A_Day_in_the_Life" title="A Day in the Life">A Day in the Life</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_96-47">[47]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/She%27s_Leaving_Home" title="She's Leaving Home">She's Leaving Home</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_103-58">[58]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gayleen_Pease" class="mw-redirect" title="Gayleen Pease">Gayleen Pease</a>—vocalist; <a href="/wiki/Apple_scruff" class="mw-redirect" title="Apple scruff">Apple scruff</a>. Contributed vocals to "<a href="/wiki/Across_the_Universe" title="Across the Universe">Across the Universe</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_133-57">[57]</a></li> <li>Adrianne Pope–violinist; session musician. Contributed violin to "<a href="/wiki/Now_and_Then_(Beatles_song)" title="Now and Then (Beatles song)">Now and Then</a>"<a href="#cite_note-PA_NaT-46">[46]</a></li> <li>Bill Povey—session musician. Contributed tenor saxophone to "<a href="/wiki/Lady_Madonna" title="Lady Madonna">Lady Madonna</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_133-57">[57]</a> and trombone to "<a href="/wiki/Revolution_1" class="mw-redirect" title="Revolution 1">Revolution 1</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_138-64">[64]</a></li> <li>Linnea Powell–violist; session musician. Contributed viola to "<a href="/wiki/Now_and_Then_(Beatles_song)" title="Now and Then (Beatles song)">Now and Then</a>"<a href="#cite_note-PA_NaT-46">[46]</a></li> <li>J. Power—trombonist; session musician. Contributed trombone to "<a href="/wiki/Revolution_1" class="mw-redirect" title="Revolution 1">Revolution 1</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_138-64">[64]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Premru" title="Raymond Premru">Raymond Premru</a>—trombonist; session musician. Contributed trombone to "<a href="/wiki/A_Day_in_the_Life" title="A Day in the Life">A Day in the Life</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_96-47">[47]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Preston" title="Billy Preston">Billy Preston</a>—keyboardist; session musician regarded by some as the "<a href="/wiki/Fifth_Beatle" title="Fifth Beatle">Fifth Beatle</a>".<a href="#cite_note-NPR_2006-146">[145]</a> Contributed electric piano to "<a href="/wiki/Dig_a_Pony" title="Dig a Pony">Dig a Pony</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_168-147">[146]</a> "<a href="/wiki/Don%27t_Let_Me_Down_(The_Beatles_song)" class="mw-redirect" title="Don't Let Me Down (The Beatles song)">Don't Let Me Down</a>",<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_332-148">[147]</a> "<a href="/wiki/Get_Back" title="Get Back">Get Back</a>",<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_333-149">[148]</a> "<a href="/wiki/I%27ve_Got_a_Feeling" title="I've Got a Feeling">I've Got a Feeling</a>",<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_332-148">[147]</a> "<a href="/wiki/The_Long_and_Winding_Road" title="The Long and Winding Road">The Long and Winding Road</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Norman_1981_392-150">[149]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/One_After_909" title="One After 909">One After 909</a>";<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_28-120">[119]</a> and Hammond organ to "<a href="/wiki/Blue_Suede_Shoes" title="Blue Suede Shoes">Blue Suede Shoes</a>",<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_338-151">[150]</a> "<a href="/wiki/Dig_It_(The_Beatles_song)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dig It (The Beatles song)">Dig It</a>",<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_336-152">[151]</a> "<a href="/wiki/I_Want_You_(She%27s_So_Heavy)" title="I Want You (She's So Heavy)">I Want You (She's So Heavy)</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_191-153">[152]</a> "<a href="/wiki/Let_It_Be_(song)" title="Let It Be (song)">Let It Be</a>",<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_337-26">[26]</a> "<a href="/wiki/Rip_It_Up_(Little_Richard_song)" title="Rip It Up (Little Richard song)">Rip It Up</a>",<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_338-151">[150]</a> "<a href="/wiki/Something_(Beatles_song)" title="Something (Beatles song)">Something</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Everett_1999_249-154">[153]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/Shake,_Rattle_and_Roll" title="Shake, Rattle and Roll">Shake, Rattle and Roll</a>"<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_338-151">[150]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="R">R</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: R">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Tony Randall—horn player; session musician. Contributed French horn to "<a href="/wiki/Sgt._Pepper%27s_Lonely_Hearts_Club_Band_(song)" title="Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band (song)">Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_101-59">[59]</a></li> <li>Mike Redway—vocalist; session musician and member of the <a href="/wiki/Mike_Sammes_Singers" class="mw-redirect" title="Mike Sammes Singers">Mike Sammes Singers</a>. Contributed vocals to "<a href="/wiki/Good_Night_(Beatles_song)" title="Good Night (Beatles song)">Good Night</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_144-14">[14]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/I_Am_the_Walrus" title="I Am the Walrus">I Am the Walrus</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_127-43">[43]</a></li> <li>Alf Reece—tuba player; session musician. Contributed tuba to "<a href="/wiki/Martha_My_Dear" title="Martha My Dear">Martha My Dear</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_159-42">[42]</a></li> <li>Frank Reidy—clarinettist; session musician. Contributed clarinet to "<a href="/wiki/When_I%27m_Sixty-Four" title="When I'm Sixty-Four">When I'm Sixty-Four</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_90-53">[53]</a></li> <li>Stanley Reynolds—trumpeter; session musician. Contributed trumpet to "<a href="/wiki/Martha_My_Dear" title="Martha My Dear">Martha My Dear</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_159-42">[42]</a></li> <li>Jack Richards—violinist; session musician. Contributed violin to "<a href="/wiki/I_Am_the_Walrus" title="I Am the Walrus">I Am the Walrus</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_127-43">[43]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keith_Richards" title="Keith Richards">Keith Richards</a>—guitarist and member of <a href="/wiki/The_Rolling_Stones" title="The Rolling Stones">The Rolling Stones</a>. Contributed vocals to "<a href="/wiki/All_You_Need_Is_Love" title="All You Need Is Love">All You Need Is Love</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_111-66">[66]</a></li> <li>Stanley Roderick—trumpeter; session musician. Contributed trumpet to "<a href="/wiki/Strawberry_Fields_Forever" title="Strawberry Fields Forever">Strawberry Fields Forever</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_90-53">[53]</a></li> <li>Lionel Ross—cellist; session musician. Contributed cello to "<a href="/wiki/I_Am_the_Walrus" title="I Am the Walrus">I Am the Walrus</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_127-43">[43]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronnie_Ross" title="Ronnie Ross">Ronnie Ross</a>—saxophonist; session musician. Contributed baritone saxophone to "<a href="/wiki/Savoy_Truffle" title="Savoy Truffle">Savoy Truffle</a>".<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_1998_281-155">[154]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Rothstein" title="Jack Rothstein">Jack Rothstein</a>—violinist; session musician. Contributed violin to "<a href="/wiki/I_Am_the_Walrus" title="I Am the Walrus">I Am the Walrus</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_127-43">[43]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/Within_You_Without_You" title="Within You Without You">Within You Without You</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_107-48">[48]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="S">S</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: S">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neill_Sanders" title="Neill Sanders">Neill Sanders</a>—horn player; session musician. Contributed French horn to "<a href="/wiki/A_Day_in_the_Life" title="A Day in the Life">A Day in the Life</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_96-47">[47]</a> "<a href="/wiki/I_Am_the_Walrus" title="I Am the Walrus">I Am the Walrus</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_127-43">[43]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/Sgt._Pepper%27s_Lonely_Hearts_Club_Band_(song)" title="Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band (song)">Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_101-59">[59]</a></li> <li>David Sandeman—flautist; session musician. Contributed flute to "<a href="/wiki/A_Day_in_the_Life" title="A Day in the Life">A Day in the Life</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_96-47">[47]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Sax" title="Sidney Sax">Sidney Sax</a>—violinist; session musician. Contributed violin to "<a href="/wiki/All_You_Need_Is_Love" title="All You Need Is Love">All You Need Is Love</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_120-44">[44]</a> "<a href="/wiki/A_Day_in_the_Life" title="A Day in the Life">A Day in the Life</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_96-47">[47]</a> "<a href="/wiki/Eleanor_Rigby" title="Eleanor Rigby">Eleanor Rigby</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_59-67">[67]</a> "<a href="/wiki/Yesterday_(Beatles_song)" class="mw-redirect" title="Yesterday (Beatles song)">Yesterday</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_59-67">[67]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/I_Am_the_Walrus" title="I Am the Walrus">I Am the Walrus</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_127-43">[43]</a></li> <li>Paul Scherman—violinist; session musician. Contributed violin to "<a href="/wiki/Within_You_Without_You" title="Within You Without You">Within You Without You</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_107-48">[48]</a></li> <li>Francie Schwartz—Paul McCartney's then-girlfriend. Contributed vocals to "<a href="/wiki/Revolution_1" class="mw-redirect" title="Revolution 1">Revolution 1</a>"<a href="#cite_note-The_Beatles_Bible_2008c-156">[155]</a></li> <li>Ernest Scott—violinist; session musician. Contributed violin to "<a href="/wiki/A_Day_in_the_Life" title="A Day in the Life">A Day in the Life</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_96-47">[47]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Scott_(composer)" title="John Scott (composer)">John Scott</a>—flautist; session musician. "<a href="/wiki/You%27ve_Got_to_Hide_Your_Love_Away" title="You've Got to Hide Your Love Away">You've Got to Hide Your Love Away</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_55-157">[156]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronnie_Scott" title="Ronnie Scott">Ronnie Scott</a>—saxophonist; session musician. Contributed tenor saxophone to "<a href="/wiki/Lady_Madonna" title="Lady Madonna">Lady Madonna</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_133-57">[57]</a></li> <li>Clifford Seville—flautist; session musician. Contributed flute to "<a href="/wiki/A_Day_in_the_Life" title="A Day in the Life">A Day in the Life</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_96-47">[47]</a></li> <li>John Sharpe—violinist; session musician. Contributed violin to "<a href="/wiki/Eleanor_Rigby" title="Eleanor Rigby">Eleanor Rigby</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_59-67">[67]</a></li> <li>Stephen Shingles—violist; session musician. Contributed viola to "<a href="/wiki/Eleanor_Rigby" title="Eleanor Rigby">Eleanor Rigby</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_59-67">[67]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/She%27s_Leaving_Home" title="She's Leaving Home">She's Leaving Home</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_103-58">[58]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derek_Simpson_(cellist)" title="Derek Simpson (cellist)">Derek Simpson</a>—cellist; session musician. Contributed cello to "<a href="/wiki/Eleanor_Rigby" title="Eleanor Rigby">Eleanor Rigby</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_59-67">[67]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/Strawberry_Fields_Forever" title="Strawberry Fields Forever">Strawberry Fields Forever</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_127-43">[43]</a></li> <li>David Smith—clarinettist; session musician. Contributed clarinet to "<a href="/wiki/Honey_Pie" title="Honey Pie">Honey Pie</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_159-42">[42]</a></li> <li>J. Smith—vocalist; session musician and member of the <a href="/wiki/Mike_Sammes_Singers" class="mw-redirect" title="Mike Sammes Singers">Mike Sammes Singers</a>. Contributed vocals to "<a href="/wiki/I_Am_the_Walrus" title="I Am the Walrus">I Am the Walrus</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_127-43">[43]</a></li> <li>Lou Sofier—violinist; session musician. Contributed violin to "<a href="/wiki/Martha_My_Dear" title="Martha My Dear">Martha My Dear</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_159-42">[42]</a></li> <li>Harry Spain—trombonist; session musician. Contributed trombone to "<a href="/wiki/All_You_Need_Is_Love" title="All You Need Is Love">All You Need Is Love</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_120-44">[44]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Spinetti" title="Victor Spinetti">Victor Spinetti</a>—actor. Contributed vocals to "<a href="/wiki/Christmas_Time_(Is_Here_Again)" title="Christmas Time (Is Here Again)">Christmas Time (Is Here Again)</a>"<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_273-133">[132]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maureen_Starkey" class="mw-redirect" title="Maureen Starkey">Maureen Starkey</a>—Ringo Starr's then-wife. Contributed vocals to "<a href="/wiki/The_Continuing_Story_of_Bungalow_Bill" title="The Continuing Story of Bungalow Bill">The Continuing Story of Bungalow Bill</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_160-145">[144]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ringo_Starr" title="Ringo Starr">Ringo Starr</a>—aside from drums and occasional vocals, Starr also contributed maracas,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_61-158">[157]</a> hand claps,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_66-86">[86]</a> bongos,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_90-159">[158]</a> congas,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_107-142">[141]</a> African drum,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_112-160">[159]</a> tambourine,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_117-161">[160]</a> shaker,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_148-162">[161]</a> sticks,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_160-163">[162]</a> cowbell,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_114-164">[163]</a> chimes,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_220-165">[164]</a> handbell,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_221-105">[105]</a> sleigh bells,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_286-166">[165]</a> finger cymbals,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_162-83">[83]</a> claves,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_108-167">[166]</a> <a href="/wiki/Chocalho" title="Chocalho">chocalho</a>,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_133-168">[167]</a> timpani<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_128-169">[168]</a> piano,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_286-166">[165]</a> Hammond organ,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_174-170">[169]</a> harmonica,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_237-81">[81]</a> comb and paper<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_239-91">[91]</a> and a suitcase;<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_140-171">[170]</a> MacDonald suggests Starr may also have contributed bells<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_169-172">[171]</a></li> <li>Louis Stevens—violinist; session musician. Contributed violin to "<a href="/wiki/I_Am_the_Walrus" title="I Am the Walrus">I Am the Walrus</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_127-43">[43]</a></li> <li>Val Stockwell—vocalist; session musician and member of the <a href="/wiki/Mike_Sammes_Singers" class="mw-redirect" title="Mike Sammes Singers">Mike Sammes Singers</a>. Contributed vocals to "<a href="/wiki/Good_Night_(Beatles_song)" title="Good Night (Beatles song)">Good Night</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_144-14">[14]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuart_Sutcliffe" title="Stuart Sutcliffe">Stuart Sutcliffe</a>—bassist; original member. Contributed bass to "<a href="/wiki/Cayenne_(song)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cayenne (song)">Cayenne</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1995_7-49">[49]</a> "<a href="/wiki/Hallelujah,_I_Love_Her_So" class="mw-redirect" title="Hallelujah, I Love Her So">Hallelujah, I Love Her So</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1995_7-49">[49]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/You%27ll_Be_Mine_(The_Beatles_song)" class="mw-redirect" title="You'll Be Mine (The Beatles song)">You'll Be Mine</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1995_7-49">[49]</a> on <a href="/wiki/Anthology_1" title="Anthology 1">Anthology 1</a><a href="#cite_note-Miles_2009-32">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-Huntley_2004_262-173">[172]</a></li> <li>Ray Swinfield—flautist; session musician. Contributed flute and piccolo to "<a href="/wiki/Penny_Lane" title="Penny Lane">Penny Lane</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_93-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-The_Beatles_Online_2007a-60">[60]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="T">T</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: T">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Christopher Taylor—flautist; session musician. Contributed flute to "<a href="/wiki/The_Fool_on_the_Hill" title="The Fool on the Hill">The Fool on the Hill</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_129-52">[52]</a></li> <li>Richard Taylor—flautist; session musician. Contributed flute to "<a href="/wiki/The_Fool_on_the_Hill" title="The Fool on the Hill">The Fool on the Hill</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_129-52">[52]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Thomas_(record_producer)" title="Chris Thomas (record producer)">Chris Thomas</a>—the group's co-producer on <a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_(album)" title="The Beatles (album)">The Beatles</a>. Contributed Mellotron to "<a href="/wiki/The_Continuing_Story_of_Bungalow_Bill" title="The Continuing Story of Bungalow Bill">The Continuing Story of Bungalow Bill</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_160-145">[144]</a> piano to "<a href="/wiki/Long_Long_Long" class="mw-redirect" title="Long Long Long">Long Long Long</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_160-145">[144]</a> harpsichord to "<a href="/wiki/Piggies" title="Piggies">Piggies</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_161-54">[54]</a> and organ and electric piano to "<a href="/wiki/Savoy_Truffle" title="Savoy Truffle">Savoy Truffle</a>"<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_321-65">[65]</a></li> <li>Ingrid Thomas—vocalist; session musician and member of the <a href="/wiki/Mike_Sammes_Singers" class="mw-redirect" title="Mike Sammes Singers">Mike Sammes Singers</a>. Contributed vocals to "<a href="/wiki/Good_Night_(Beatles_song)" title="Good Night (Beatles song)">Good Night</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_144-14">[14]</a></li> <li>Ronald Thomas—violinist; session musician. Contributed violin to "<a href="/wiki/Glass_Onion_(song)" title="Glass Onion (song)">Glass Onion</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_161-54">[54]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/Piggies" title="Piggies">Piggies</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_161-54">[54]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eddie_Thornton" title="Eddie Thornton">Eddie Thornton</a>—trumpeter; session musician. Contributed trumpet to "<a href="/wiki/Got_to_Get_You_into_My_Life" title="Got to Get You into My Life">Got to Get You into My Life</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_79-56">[56]</a></li> <li>Basil Tschaikov—clarinettist; session musician. Contributed clarinet to "<a href="/wiki/A_Day_in_the_Life" title="A Day in the Life">A Day in the Life</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_96-47">[47]</a></li> <li>Tony Tunstall—horn player; session musician. Contributed French horn to "<a href="/wiki/I_Am_the_Walrus" title="I Am the Walrus">I Am the Walrus</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_127-43">[43]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/Martha_My_Dear" title="Martha My Dear">Martha My Dear</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_159-42">[42]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="U">U</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: U">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>John Underwood—violist; session musician. Contributed viola to "<a href="/wiki/A_Day_in_the_Life" title="A Day in the Life">A Day in the Life</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_96-47">[47]</a> "<a href="/wiki/Eleanor_Rigby" title="Eleanor Rigby">Eleanor Rigby</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_59-67">[67]</a> "<a href="/wiki/Glass_Onion_(song)" title="Glass Onion (song)">Glass Onion</a>",<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_161-54">[54]</a> "<a href="/wiki/Piggies" title="Piggies">Piggies</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_161-54">[54]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/She%27s_Leaving_Home" title="She's Leaving Home">She's Leaving Home</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_103-58">[58]</a></li> <li>Jill Utting—vocalist; session musician and member of the <a href="/wiki/Mike_Sammes_Singers" class="mw-redirect" title="Mike Sammes Singers">Mike Sammes Singers</a>. Contributed vocals to "<a href="/wiki/I_Am_the_Walrus" title="I Am the Walrus">I Am the Walrus</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_127-43">[43]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="V">V</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: V">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Valerio" title="Mike Valerio">Mike Valerio</a>–double bassist; session musician. Contributed double bass to "<a href="/wiki/Now_and_Then_(Beatles_song)" title="Now and Then (Beatles song)">Now and Then</a>"<a href="#cite_note-PA_NaT-46">[46]</a></li> <li>Dennis Vigay—cellist; session musician. Contributed cello to "<a href="/wiki/A_Day_in_the_Life" title="A Day in the Life">A Day in the Life</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_96-47">[47]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/She%27s_Leaving_Home" title="She's Leaving Home">She's Leaving Home</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_103-58">[58]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="W">W</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: W">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Dennis Walton—session musician. Contributed saxophone to "<a href="/wiki/Honey_Pie" title="Honey Pie">Honey Pie</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_159-42">[42]</a> and flute and piccolo to "<a href="/wiki/Penny_Lane" title="Penny Lane">Penny Lane</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_93-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-The_Beatles_Online_2007a-60">[60]</a></li> <li>Alfred Waters—bassoonist; session musician. Contributed bassoon to "<a href="/wiki/A_Day_in_the_Life" title="A Day in the Life">A Day in the Life</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_96-47">[47]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derek_Watkins_(trumpeter)" title="Derek Watkins (trumpeter)">Derek Watkins</a>—trumpeter; session musician. Contributed trumpet to "<a href="/wiki/Revolution_1" class="mw-redirect" title="Revolution 1">Revolution 1</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_138-64">[64]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/Strawberry_Fields_Forever" title="Strawberry Fields Forever">Strawberry Fields Forever</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_90-53">[53]</a></li> <li>Evan Watkins—trombonist; session musician. Contributed trombone to "<a href="/wiki/All_You_Need_Is_Love" title="All You Need Is Love">All You Need Is Love</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_120-44">[44]</a></li> <li>Donald Weekes—violinist; session musician. Contributed violin to "<a href="/wiki/A_Day_in_the_Life" title="A Day in the Life">A Day in the Life</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_96-47">[47]</a></li> <li>Terry Weil—cellist; session musician. Contributed cello to "<a href="/wiki/I_Am_the_Walrus" title="I Am the Walrus">I Am the Walrus</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_127-43">[43]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andy_White_(drummer)" title="Andy White (drummer)">Andy White</a>—drummer; session musician. Contributed drums to "<a href="/wiki/Love_Me_Do" title="Love Me Do">Love Me Do</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_20-174">[173]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/P.S._I_Love_You_(Beatles_song)" title="P.S. I Love You (Beatles song)">P.S. I Love You</a>"<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_61-158">[157]</a><a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_20-174">[173]</a></li> <li>Pat Whitmore—vocalist; session musician and member of the <a href="/wiki/Mike_Sammes_Singers" class="mw-redirect" title="Mike Sammes Singers">Mike Sammes Singers</a>. Contributed vocals to "<a href="/wiki/Good_Night_(Beatles_song)" title="Good Night (Beatles song)">Good Night</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_144-14">[14]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/I_Am_the_Walrus" title="I Am the Walrus">I Am the Walrus</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_127-43">[43]</a></li> <li>John Wilbraham—trumpeter; session musician. Contributed trumpet to "<a href="/wiki/Magical_Mystery_Tour_(song)" title="Magical Mystery Tour (song)">Magical Mystery Tour</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_111-66">[66]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trevor_Williams_(violinist)" title="Trevor Williams (violinist)">Trevor Williams</a>—violinist; session musician. Contributed violin to "<a href="/wiki/She%27s_Leaving_Home" title="She's Leaving Home">She's Leaving Home</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_103-58">[58]</a></li> <li>Mike Winfield—oboist; session musician. Contributed oboe and cor anglais to "<a href="/wiki/Penny_Lane" title="Penny Lane">Penny Lane</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_93-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-The_Beatles_Online_2007a-60">[60]</a></li> <li>Manny Winters—flautist; session musician. Contributed flute and piccolo to "<a href="/wiki/Penny_Lane" title="Penny Lane">Penny Lane</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_93-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-The_Beatles_Online_2007a-60">[60]</a></li> <li>David Wolfsthal—violinist; session musician. Contributed violin to "<a href="/wiki/Within_You_Without_You" title="Within You Without You">Within You Without You</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_107-48">[48]</a></li> <li>Stanley Woods—trumpeter; session musician. Contributed trumpet and flugelhorn to "<a href="/wiki/All_You_Need_Is_Love" title="All You Need Is Love">All You Need Is Love</a>"<a href="#cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_120-44">[44]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_Beatles" title="Outline of the Beatles">Outline of the Beatles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_timeline" title="The Beatles timeline">The Beatles timeline</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Footnotes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-113"><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a> Production of Lynne's version of "<a href="/wiki/Now_and_Then_(Beatles_song)" title="Now and Then (Beatles song)">Now and Then</a>" was aborted and not finished for inclusion with <a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_Anthology" title="The Beatles Anthology">The Beatles Anthology</a>,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_2005_380-111">[111]</a> although Lynne's 1995 sessions were used by McCartney and <a href="/wiki/Giles_Martin" title="Giles Martin">Giles Martin</a> for the song's 2023 release.<a href="#cite_note-Apple_Music-112">[112]</a> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_77-1"><a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_77_1-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 77) </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_94-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_94_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_94_2-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 94) </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_93-3">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_93_3-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_93_3-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_93_3-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_93_3-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_93_3-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_93_3-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_93_3-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_93_3-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_93_3-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_93_3-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_93_3-10">k</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_93_3-11">l</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_93_3-12">m</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 93) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_87-4"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_87_4-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 87) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_88-5"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_88_5-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 88) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_157-6"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_157_6-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 157) </li> <li id="cite_note-Julien_2008_3-7"><a href="#cite_ref-Julien_2008_3_7-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFJulien2008">Julien (2008</a>, p. 3) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_231-8"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_231_8-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 231) </li> <li id="cite_note-Huntley_2004_10-9"><a href="#cite_ref-Huntley_2004_10_9-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHuntley2004">Huntley (2004</a>, p. 10) </li> <li id="cite_note-Womack_2006_91-10"><a href="#cite_ref-Womack_2006_91_10-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFWomack2006">Womack (2006</a>, p. 91) </li> <li id="cite_note-Ingham_2003_363-11">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ingham_2003_363_11-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ingham_2003_363_11-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ingham_2003_363_11-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFIngham2003">Ingham (2003</a>, p. 363) </li> <li id="cite_note-Matteo_2004_25-12"><a href="#cite_ref-Matteo_2004_25_12-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMatteo2004">Matteo (2004</a>, p. 25) </li> <li id="cite_note-Womack_2009_60-13"><a href="#cite_ref-Womack_2009_60_13-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFWomack2009">Womack (2009</a>, p. 60) </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_144-14">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_144_14-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_144_14-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_144_14-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_144_14-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_144_14-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_144_14-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_144_14-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_144_14-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_144_14-8">i</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 144) </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_81-15">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_81_15-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_81_15-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_81_15-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_81_15-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_81_15-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_81_15-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_81_15-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_81_15-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_81_15-8">i</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 81) </li> <li id="cite_note-The_Beatles_Bible_2008a-16"><a href="#cite_ref-The_Beatles_Bible_2008a_16-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFThe_Beatles_Bible2008a">The Beatles Bible (2008a)</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_276-17"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_276_17-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 276) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_368-18"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_368_18-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 368) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_348-19"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_348_19-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 348) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_356-20">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_356_20-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_356_20-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_356_20-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 356) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_355-21">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_355_21-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_355_21-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 355) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_361-22"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_361_22-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 361) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_302-23"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_302_23-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 302) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_294-24">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_294_24-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_294_24-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 294) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_305-25"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_305_25-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 305) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_337-26">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_337_26-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_337_26-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_337_26-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_337_26-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_337_26-4">e</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 337) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_269-27">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_269_27-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_269_27-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 269) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_194-28"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_194_28-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 194) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_243-29"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_243_29-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 243) </li> <li id="cite_note-Spizer_2007_90-30"><a href="#cite_ref-Spizer_2007_90_30-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSpizer2007">Spizer (2007</a>, p. 90) </li> <li id="cite_note-Vallance-31"><a href="#cite_ref-Vallance_31-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFVallance">Vallance</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Miles_2009-32">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Miles_2009_32-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Miles_2009_32-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFMiles2009">Miles (2009)</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Womack_2007_235-33"><a href="#cite_ref-Womack_2007_235_33-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFWomack2007">Womack (2007</a>, p. 235) </li> <li id="cite_note-Greenwald_1995_99-34"><a href="#cite_ref-Greenwald_1995_99_34-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFGreenwald1995">Greenwald (1995</a>, p. 99) </li> <li id="cite_note-Winn_2008_199-35"><a href="#cite_ref-Winn_2008_199_35-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFWinn2008">Winn (2008</a>, p. 199) </li> <li id="cite_note-Everett_1999_37-36"><a href="#cite_ref-Everett_1999_37_36-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFEverett1999">Everett (1999</a>, p. 37) </li> <li id="cite_note-Everett_1999_175-37">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Everett_1999_175_37-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Everett_1999_175_37-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFEverett1999">Everett (1999</a>, p. 175) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_290-38"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_290_38-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 290) </li> <li id="cite_note-BUFVC_2013-39"><a href="#cite_ref-BUFVC_2013_39-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBUFVC2013">BUFVC (2013)</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_128-40"><a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_128_40-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 128) </li> <li id="cite_note-Reid_2002-41"><a href="#cite_ref-Reid_2002_41-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFReid2002">Reid (2002)</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_159-42">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_159_42-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_159_42-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_159_42-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_159_42-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_159_42-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_159_42-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_159_42-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_159_42-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_159_42-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_159_42-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_159_42-10">k</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_159_42-11">l</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_159_42-12">m</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_159_42-13">n</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_159_42-14">o</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_159_42-15">p</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_159_42-16">q</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_159_42-17">r</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_159_42-18">s</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_159_42-19">t</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_159_42-20">u</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 159) </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_127-43">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_127_43-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_127_43-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_127_43-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_127_43-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_127_43-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_127_43-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_127_43-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_127_43-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_127_43-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_127_43-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_127_43-10">k</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_127_43-11">l</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_127_43-12">m</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_127_43-13">n</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_127_43-14">o</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_127_43-15">p</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_127_43-16">q</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_127_43-17">r</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_127_43-18">s</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_127_43-19">t</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_127_43-20">u</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_127_43-21">v</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_127_43-22">w</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_127_43-23">x</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_127_43-24">y</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_127_43-25">z</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_127_43-26">aa</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_127_43-27">ab</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_127_43-28">ac</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_127_43-29">ad</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_127_43-30">ae</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_127_43-31">af</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_127_43-32">ag</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 127) </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_120-44">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_120_44-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_120_44-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_120_44-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_120_44-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_120_44-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_120_44-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_120_44-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_120_44-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_120_44-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_120_44-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_120_44-10">k</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_120_44-11">l</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_120_44-12">m</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_120_44-13">n</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_120_44-14">o</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_120_44-15">p</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_120_44-16">q</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_120_44-17">r</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_120_44-18">s</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_120_44-19">t</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_120_44-20">u</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_120_44-21">v</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_120_44-22">w</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 120) </li> <li id="cite_note-The_Beatles_Online_2007b-45">^ <a href="#cite_ref-The_Beatles_Online_2007b_45-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_Beatles_Online_2007b_45-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFThe_Beatles_Online2007b">The Beatles Online (2007b)</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-PA_NaT-46">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PA_NaT_46-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-PA_NaT_46-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-PA_NaT_46-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-PA_NaT_46-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-PA_NaT_46-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-PA_NaT_46-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-PA_NaT_46-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-PA_NaT_46-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-PA_NaT_46-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-PA_NaT_46-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-PA_NaT_46-10">k</a> <a href="#cite_ref-PA_NaT_46-11">l</a> <a href="#cite_ref-PA_NaT_46-12">m</a> <a href="#cite_ref-PA_NaT_46-13">n</a> <a href="#CITEREFProg_Archives2023">Prog Archives (2023)</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_96-47">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_96_47-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_96_47-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_96_47-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_96_47-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_96_47-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_96_47-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_96_47-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_96_47-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_96_47-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_96_47-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_96_47-10">k</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_96_47-11">l</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_96_47-12">m</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_96_47-13">n</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_96_47-14">o</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_96_47-15">p</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_96_47-16">q</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_96_47-17">r</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_96_47-18">s</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_96_47-19">t</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_96_47-20">u</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_96_47-21">v</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_96_47-22">w</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_96_47-23">x</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_96_47-24">y</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_96_47-25">z</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_96_47-26">aa</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_96_47-27">ab</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_96_47-28">ac</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_96_47-29">ad</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_96_47-30">ae</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_96_47-31">af</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_96_47-32">ag</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_96_47-33">ah</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_96_47-34">ai</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_96_47-35">aj</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_96_47-36">ak</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_96_47-37">al</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_96_47-38">am</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_96_47-39">an</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_96_47-40">ao</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 96) </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_107-48">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_107_48-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_107_48-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_107_48-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_107_48-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_107_48-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_107_48-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_107_48-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_107_48-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_107_48-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_107_48-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_107_48-10">k</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 107) </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1995_7-49">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1995_7_49-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1995_7_49-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1995_7_49-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1995_7_49-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1995_7_49-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1995_7_49-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1995_7_49-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1995_7_49-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1995_7_49-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1995_7_49-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1995_7_49-10">k</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1995_7_49-11">l</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1995">Lewisohn (1995</a>, p. 7) </li> <li id="cite_note-Womack_2009_33-50"><a href="#cite_ref-Womack_2009_33_50-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFWomack2009">Womack (2009</a>, p. 33) </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_72-51"><a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_72_51-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 72) </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_129-52">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_129_52-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_129_52-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_129_52-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_129_52-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_129_52-4">e</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 129) </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_90-53">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_90_53-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_90_53-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_90_53-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_90_53-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_90_53-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_90_53-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_90_53-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_90_53-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_90_53-8">i</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 90) </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_161-54">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_161_54-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_161_54-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_161_54-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_161_54-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_161_54-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_161_54-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_161_54-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_161_54-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_161_54-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_161_54-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_161_54-10">k</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_161_54-11">l</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_161_54-12">m</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_161_54-13">n</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_161_54-14">o</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_161_54-15">p</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_161_54-16">q</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 161) </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_156-55">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_156_55-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_156_55-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_156_55-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 156) </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_79-56">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_79_56-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_79_56-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_79_56-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_79_56-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_79_56-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_79_56-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_79_56-6">g</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 79) </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_133-57">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_133_57-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_133_57-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_133_57-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_133_57-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_133_57-4">e</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 133) </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_103-58">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_103_58-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_103_58-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_103_58-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_103_58-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_103_58-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_103_58-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_103_58-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_103_58-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_103_58-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_103_58-9">j</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 103) </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_101-59">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_101_59-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_101_59-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_101_59-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_101_59-3">d</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 101) </li> <li id="cite_note-The_Beatles_Online_2007a-60">^ <a href="#cite_ref-The_Beatles_Online_2007a_60-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_Beatles_Online_2007a_60-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_Beatles_Online_2007a_60-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_Beatles_Online_2007a_60-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_Beatles_Online_2007a_60-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_Beatles_Online_2007a_60-5">f</a> <a href="#CITEREFThe_Beatles_Online2007a">The Beatles Online (2007a)</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_102-61">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_102_61-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_102_61-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_102_61-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_102_61-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_102_61-4">e</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 102) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_274-62">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_274_62-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_274_62-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_274_62-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_274_62-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_274_62-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_274_62-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_274_62-6">g</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 274) </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_153-63"><a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_153_63-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 153) </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_138-64">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_138_64-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_138_64-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_138_64-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_138_64-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_138_64-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_138_64-5">f</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 138) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_321-65">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_321_65-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_321_65-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_321_65-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_321_65-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_321_65-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_321_65-5">f</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 321) </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_111-66">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_111_66-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_111_66-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_111_66-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_111_66-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_111_66-4">e</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 111) </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_59-67">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_59_67-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_59_67-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_59_67-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_59_67-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_59_67-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_59_67-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_59_67-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_59_67-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_59_67-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_59_67-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_59_67-10">k</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_59_67-11">l</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 59) </li> <li id="cite_note-Chittenden_2005-68"><a href="#cite_ref-Chittenden_2005_68-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFChittenden2005">Chittenden (2005)</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_99-69"><a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_99_69-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 99) </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_152-70">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_152_70-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_152_70-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_152_70-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 152) </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_154-71">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_154_71-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_154_71-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 154) </li> <li id="cite_note-Bosso_2009-72"><a href="#cite_ref-Bosso_2009_72-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBosso2009">Bosso (2009)</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_Beatles_Bible_2008b-73">^ <a href="#cite_ref-The_Beatles_Bible_2008b_73-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_Beatles_Bible_2008b_73-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFThe_Beatles_Bible2008b">The Beatles Bible (2008b)</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_15-74"><a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_15_74-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 15) </li> <li id="cite_note-Miles_1998_438-75"><a href="#cite_ref-Miles_1998_438_75-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMiles1998">Miles (1998</a>, p. 438) </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_68-76">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_68_76-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_68_76-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 68) </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_142-77">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_142_77-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_142_77-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 142) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_122-78">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_122_78-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_122_78-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 122) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_236-79">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_236_79-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_236_79-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_236_79-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 236) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_259-80">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_259_80-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_259_80-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_259_80-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_259_80-3">d</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 259) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_237-81">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_237_81-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_237_81-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 237) </li> <li id="cite_note-Perone_2012_85-82"><a href="#cite_ref-Perone_2012_85_82-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFPerone2012">Perone (2012</a>, p. 85) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_162-83">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_162_83-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_162_83-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 162) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_185-84"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_185_84-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 185) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_261-85">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_261_85-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_261_85-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_261_85-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 261) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_66-86">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_66_86-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_66_86-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_66_86-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 66) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_210-87">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_210_87-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_210_87-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_210_87-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 210) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_151-88"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_151_88-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 151) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_127-89">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_127_89-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_127_89-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 127) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_309-90">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_309_90-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_309_90-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_309_90-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 309) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_239-91">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_239_91-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_239_91-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_239_91-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_239_91-3">d</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 239) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_376-92">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_376_92-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_376_92-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 376) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_304-93"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_304_93-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 304) </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_146-94">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_146_94-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_146_94-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_146_94-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 146) </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_116-95"><a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_116_95-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 116) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_296-96"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_296_96-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 296) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_264-97"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_264_97-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 264) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_324-98"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_324_98-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 324) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_198-99"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_198_99-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 198) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_270-100"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_270_100-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 270) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_342-101"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_342_101-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 342) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_257-102"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_257_102-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 257) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_246-103"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_246_103-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 246) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_212-104">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_212_104-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_212_104-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_212_104-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_212_104-3">d</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 212) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_221-105">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_221_105-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_221_105-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_221_105-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_221_105-3">d</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 221) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_363-106"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_363_106-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 363) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_207-107"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_207_107-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 207) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_315-108"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_315_108-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 315) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_297-109"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_297_109-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 297) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_271-110">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_271_110-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_271_110-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 271) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_380-111"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_380_111-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 380) </li> <li id="cite_note-Apple_Music-112"><a href="#cite_ref-Apple_Music_112-0">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://music.apple.com/us/song/now-and-then/1713197541">"Now And Then by The Beatles"</a>. 2 November 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231102174100/https://music.apple.com/us/song/now-and-then/1713197541">Archived</a> from the original on 2 November 2023. Retrieved 2 November 2023 – via Apple Music.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Now+And+Then+by+The+Beatles&rft.date=2023-11-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmusic.apple.com%2Fus%2Fsong%2Fnow-and-then%2F1713197541&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+people+who+performed+on+Beatles+recordings" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_379-114"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_379_114-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 379) </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_43-115"><a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_43_115-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 43) </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_83-116"><a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_83_116-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 83) </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_65-117"><a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_65_117-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 65) </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_41-118">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_41_118-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_41_118-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 41) </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_104-119"><a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_104_119-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 104) </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_28-120">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_28_120-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_28_120-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_28_120-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 28) </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_34-121">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_34_121-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_34_121-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 34) </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_49-122">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_49_122-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_49_122-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 49) </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_35-123"><a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_35_123-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 35) </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_50-124"><a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_50_124-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 50) </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_149-125"><a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_149_125-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 149) </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_134-126"><a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_134_126-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 134) </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_179-127"><a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_179_127-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 179) </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_106-128">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_106_128-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_106_128-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 106) </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_143-129"><a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_143_129-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 143) </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_184-130"><a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_184_130-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 184) </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_95-131"><a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_95_131-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 95) </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_167-132"><a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_167_132-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 167) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_273-133">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_273_133-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_273_133-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 273) </li> <li id="cite_note-The_Beatles_Bible_2008d-134"><a href="#cite_ref-The_Beatles_Bible_2008d_134-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFThe_Beatles_Bible2008d">The Beatles Bible (2008d)</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_119-135"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_119_135-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 119) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_142-136"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_142_136-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 142) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_96-137"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_96_137-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 96) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_149-138">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_149_138-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_149_138-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 149) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_205-139"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_205_139-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 205) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_98-140"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_98_140-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 98) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_272-141"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_272_141-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 272) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_107-142">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_107_142-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_107_142-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 107) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_351-143"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_351_143-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 351) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_310-144"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_310_144-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 310) </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_160-145">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_160_145-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_160_145-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_160_145-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_160_145-3">d</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 160) </li> <li id="cite_note-NPR_2006-146"><a href="#cite_ref-NPR_2006_146-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFNPR2006">NPR (2006)</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_168-147"><a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_168_147-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 168) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_332-148">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_332_148-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_332_148-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 332) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_333-149"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_333_149-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 333) </li> <li id="cite_note-Norman_1981_392-150"><a href="#cite_ref-Norman_1981_392_150-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFNorman1981">Norman (1981</a>, p. 392) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_338-151">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_338_151-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_338_151-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_338_151-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 338) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_336-152"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_336_152-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 336) </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_191-153"><a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_191_153-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 191) </li> <li id="cite_note-Everett_1999_249-154"><a href="#cite_ref-Everett_1999_249_154-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFEverett1999">Everett (1999</a>, p. 249) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_1998_281-155"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_1998_281_155-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald1998">MacDonald (1998</a>, p. 281) </li> <li id="cite_note-The_Beatles_Bible_2008c-156"><a href="#cite_ref-The_Beatles_Bible_2008c_156-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFThe_Beatles_Bible2008c">The Beatles Bible (2008c)</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_55-157"><a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_55_157-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 55) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_61-158">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_61_158-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_61_158-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 61) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_90-159"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_90_159-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 90) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_112-160"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_112_160-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 112) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_117-161"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_117_161-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 117) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_148-162"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_148_162-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 148) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_160-163"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_160_163-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 160) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_114-164"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_114_164-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 114) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_220-165"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_220_165-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 220) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_286-166">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_286_166-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_286_166-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 286) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_108-167"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_108_167-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 108) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_133-168"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_133_168-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 133) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_128-169"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_128_169-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 128) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_174-170"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_174_170-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 174) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_140-171"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_140_171-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 140) </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonald_2005_169-172"><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonald_2005_169_172-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald (2005</a>, p. 169) </li> <li id="cite_note-Huntley_2004_262-173"><a href="#cite_ref-Huntley_2004_262_173-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHuntley2004">Huntley (2004</a>, p. 262) </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewisohn_1988_20-174">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_20_174-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewisohn_1988_20_174-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn (1988</a>, p. 20) </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Bibliography">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBosso2009" class="citation cs2">Bosso, Joe (10 September 2009), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.musicradar.com/news/guitars/beatles-engineer-geoff-emerick-on-abbey-road-219542/5">"Beatles engineer Geoff Emerick on Abbey Road"</a>, Music Radar, Bath, retrieved 21 July 2013</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Music+Radar&rft.atitle=Beatles+engineer+Geoff+Emerick+on+Abbey+Road&rft.date=2009-09-10&rft.aulast=Bosso&rft.aufirst=Joe&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.musicradar.com%2Fnews%2Fguitars%2Fbeatles-engineer-geoff-emerick-on-abbey-road-219542%2F5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+people+who+performed+on+Beatles+recordings" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBUFVC2013" class="citation cs2">BUFVC (2013), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bufvc.ac.uk/shakespeare/index.php/title/av69503">Tragedy of King Lear, The</a>, London: British Universities Film and Video Council, retrieved 27 September 2013</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tragedy+of+King+Lear%2C+The&rft.place=London&rft.pub=British+Universities+Film+and+Video+Council&rft.date=2013&rft.au=BUFVC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbufvc.ac.uk%2Fshakespeare%2Findex.php%2Ftitle%2Fav69503&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+people+who+performed+on+Beatles+recordings" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChittenden2005" class="citation cs2">Chittenden, Maurice (20 March 2005), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131002180517/http://www.thesundaytimes.co.uk/sto/news/uk_news/article105786.ece">"McCartney wrote Sgt Pepper 'with a little help from his roadie friend'"</a>, The Times, London, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thesundaytimes.co.uk/sto/news/uk_news/article105786.ece">the original</a> on 2 October 2013, retrieved 21 July 2013</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft.atitle=McCartney+wrote+Sgt+Pepper+%27with+a+little+help+from+his+roadie+friend%27&rft.date=2005-03-20&rft.aulast=Chittenden&rft.aufirst=Maurice&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thesundaytimes.co.uk%2Fsto%2Fnews%2Fuk_news%2Farticle105786.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+people+who+performed+on+Beatles+recordings" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEverett1999" class="citation cs2">Everett, Walter (1999), The Beatles as Musicians: Revolver Through the Anthology, Oxford: Oxford University Press, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780195129410" title="Special:BookSources/9780195129410"><bdi>9780195129410</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Beatles+as+Musicians%3A+Revolver+Through+the+Anthology&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=9780195129410&rft.aulast=Everett&rft.aufirst=Walter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+people+who+performed+on+Beatles+recordings" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreenwald1995" class="citation cs2">Greenwald, Ted (1995), The Long and Winding Road: An Intimate Guide to The Beatles, New York: Friedman-Fairfax</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Long+and+Winding+Road%3A+An+Intimate+Guide+to+The+Beatles&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Friedman-Fairfax&rft.date=1995&rft.aulast=Greenwald&rft.aufirst=Ted&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+people+who+performed+on+Beatles+recordings" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHuntley2004" class="citation cs2">Huntley, Elliot J. (2004), Mystical One: George Harrison: After the Break-Up of The Beatles (1st ed.), Tonwanda: Guernica Editions, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1550711970" title="Special:BookSources/1550711970"><bdi>1550711970</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mystical+One%3A+George+Harrison%3A+After+the+Break-Up+of+The+Beatles&rft.place=Tonwanda&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Guernica+Editions&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=1550711970&rft.aulast=Huntley&rft.aufirst=Elliot+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+people+who+performed+on+Beatles+recordings" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIngham2003" class="citation cs2">Ingham, Chris (2003), The Rough Guide to The Beatles (1st ed.), London: Rough Guides, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1843531402" title="Special:BookSources/1843531402"><bdi>1843531402</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Rough+Guide+to+The+Beatles&rft.place=London&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Rough+Guides&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=1843531402&rft.aulast=Ingham&rft.aufirst=Chris&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+people+who+performed+on+Beatles+recordings" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJulien2008" class="citation cs2">Julien, Olivier (2008), Sgt. Pepper and The Beatles: It Was Forty Years Ago Today (1st ed.), Farnham, Surrey: Ashgate Publishing, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0754698548" title="Special:BookSources/978-0754698548"><bdi>978-0754698548</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sgt.+Pepper+and+The+Beatles%3A+It+Was+Forty+Years+Ago+Today&rft.place=Farnham%2C+Surrey&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Ashgate+Publishing&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0754698548&rft.aulast=Julien&rft.aufirst=Olivier&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+people+who+performed+on+Beatles+recordings" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLewisohn1988" class="citation cs2">Lewisohn, Mark (1988), The Beatles' Recording Sessions (1st ed.), New York: Harmony Books, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0517570661" title="Special:BookSources/0517570661"><bdi>0517570661</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Beatles%27+Recording+Sessions&rft.place=New+York&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Harmony+Books&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=0517570661&rft.aulast=Lewisohn&rft.aufirst=Mark&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+people+who+performed+on+Beatles+recordings" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLewisohn1995" class="citation cs2">Lewisohn, Mark (1995), Anthology 1 [album liner notes], London: Apple Records</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Anthology+1+%5Balbum+liner+notes%5D&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Apple+Records&rft.date=1995&rft.aulast=Lewisohn&rft.aufirst=Mark&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+people+who+performed+on+Beatles+recordings" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacDonald1998" class="citation cs2">MacDonald, Ian (1998), Revolution in the Head: The Beatles' Records and the Sixties (1st ed.), London: Pimlico, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780712666978" title="Special:BookSources/9780712666978"><bdi>9780712666978</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Revolution+in+the+Head%3A+The+Beatles%27+Records+and+the+Sixties&rft.place=London&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Pimlico&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=9780712666978&rft.aulast=MacDonald&rft.aufirst=Ian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+people+who+performed+on+Beatles+recordings" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacDonald2005" class="citation cs2">MacDonald, Ian (2005), Revolution in the Head: The Beatles' Records and the Sixties (2nd ed.), London: Pimlico, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1844138283" title="Special:BookSources/1844138283"><bdi>1844138283</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Revolution+in+the+Head%3A+The+Beatles%27+Records+and+the+Sixties&rft.place=London&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Pimlico&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=1844138283&rft.aulast=MacDonald&rft.aufirst=Ian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+people+who+performed+on+Beatles+recordings" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMatteo2004" class="citation cs2">Matteo, Steve (2004), The Beatles' Let It Be, London: Continuum, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0826416349" title="Special:BookSources/0826416349"><bdi>0826416349</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Beatles%27+Let+It+Be&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Continuum&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0826416349&rft.aulast=Matteo&rft.aufirst=Steve&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+people+who+performed+on+Beatles+recordings" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiles1998" class="citation cs2">Miles, Barry (1998), Paul McCartney: Many Years from Now, London: Vintage, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780749386580" title="Special:BookSources/9780749386580"><bdi>9780749386580</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Paul+McCartney%3A+Many+Years+from+Now&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Vintage&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=9780749386580&rft.aulast=Miles&rft.aufirst=Barry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+people+who+performed+on+Beatles+recordings" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiles2009" class="citation cs2">Miles, Barry (2009), The Beatles Diary Volume 1: The Beatles Years, London: Music Sales Group, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0857120007" title="Special:BookSources/978-0857120007"><bdi>978-0857120007</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Beatles+Diary+Volume+1%3A+The+Beatles+Years&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Music+Sales+Group&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0857120007&rft.aulast=Miles&rft.aufirst=Barry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+people+who+performed+on+Beatles+recordings" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNorman1981" class="citation cs2">Norman, Philip (1981), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/shoutbeatlesinth00phil">Shout!: The Beatles in Their Generation</a>, New York: Simon & Schuster, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0671432540" title="Special:BookSources/0671432540"><bdi>0671432540</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shout%21%3A+The+Beatles+in+Their+Generation&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster&rft.date=1981&rft.isbn=0671432540&rft.aulast=Norman&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fshoutbeatlesinth00phil&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+people+who+performed+on+Beatles+recordings" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNPR2006" class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=5455710">Songwriter, 'Fifth Beatle' Billy Preston Dies</a>, NPR, 2006, retrieved 25 September 2013</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Songwriter%2C+%27Fifth+Beatle%27+Billy+Preston+Dies&rft.pub=NPR&rft.date=2006&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2Ftemplates%2Fstory%2Fstory.php%3FstoryId%3D5455710&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+people+who+performed+on+Beatles+recordings" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPerone2012" class="citation cs2">Perone, James E (2012), The album : a guide to pop music's most provocative, influential, and important creations, Praeger, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780313379062" title="Special:BookSources/9780313379062"><bdi>9780313379062</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+album+%3A+a+guide+to+pop+music%27s+most+provocative%2C+influential%2C+and+important+creations&rft.pub=Praeger&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=9780313379062&rft.aulast=Perone&rft.aufirst=James+E&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+people+who+performed+on+Beatles+recordings" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFProg_Archives2023" class="citation cs2">Prog Archives (2023), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.progarchives.com/album.asp?id=82682">"THE BEATLES - Now And Then (2023)"</a>, Progarchives.com, Prog Archives, retrieved 8 November 2023</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Progarchives.com&rft.atitle=THE+BEATLES+-+Now+And+Then+%282023%29&rft.date=2023&rft.au=Prog+Archives&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.progarchives.com%2Falbum.asp%3Fid%3D82682&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+people+who+performed+on+Beatles+recordings" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReid2002" class="citation cs2">Reid, Gordon (2002), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130927112746/http://www.soundonsound.com/sos/Aug02/articles/mellotron.asp">"Rebirth of the Cool: Mellotron"</a>, Sound on Sound, Cambridge, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.soundonsound.com/sos/Aug02/articles/mellotron.asp">the original</a> on 27 September 2013, retrieved 25 September 2013</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sound+on+Sound&rft.atitle=Rebirth+of+the+Cool%3A+Mellotron&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=Reid&rft.aufirst=Gordon&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.soundonsound.com%2Fsos%2FAug02%2Farticles%2Fmellotron.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+people+who+performed+on+Beatles+recordings" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSpizer2007" class="citation cs2">Spizer, Bruce (2007), The Beatles Swan Song: "She Loves You" & Other Records, New Orleans: 498 Productions, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0966264975" title="Special:BookSources/978-0966264975"><bdi>978-0966264975</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Beatles+Swan+Song%3A+%22She+Loves+You%22+%26+Other+Records&rft.place=New+Orleans&rft.pub=498+Productions&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0966264975&rft.aulast=Spizer&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+people+who+performed+on+Beatles+recordings" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThe_Beatles_Bible2008a" class="citation cs2">The Beatles Bible (2008a), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.beatlesbible.com/songs/the-long-and-winding-road/">The Long and Winding Road</a>, The Beatles Bible, retrieved 29 July 2013</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Long+and+Winding+Road&rft.pub=The+Beatles+Bible&rft.date=2008&rft.au=The+Beatles+Bible&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.beatlesbible.com%2Fsongs%2Fthe-long-and-winding-road%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+people+who+performed+on+Beatles+recordings" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThe_Beatles_Bible2008b" class="citation cs2">The Beatles Bible (2008b), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.beatlesbible.com/songs/whats-the-new-mary-jane/">What's the New Mary Jane</a>, The Beatles Bible, retrieved 28 July 2013</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=What%27s+the+New+Mary+Jane&rft.pub=The+Beatles+Bible&rft.date=2008&rft.au=The+Beatles+Bible&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.beatlesbible.com%2Fsongs%2Fwhats-the-new-mary-jane%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+people+who+performed+on+Beatles+recordings" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThe_Beatles_Bible2008c" class="citation cs2">The Beatles Bible (2008c), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.beatlesbible.com/1968/05/31/recording-revolution-1-2/?doing_wp_cron=1375045582.2490980625152587890625">31 May 1968: Recording: Revolution 1</a>, The Beatles Bible, retrieved 28 July 2013</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=31+May+1968%3A+Recording%3A+Revolution+1&rft.pub=The+Beatles+Bible&rft.date=2008&rft.au=The+Beatles+Bible&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.beatlesbible.com%2F1968%2F05%2F31%2Frecording-revolution-1-2%2F%3Fdoing_wp_cron%3D1375045582.2490980625152587890625&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+people+who+performed+on+Beatles+recordings" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThe_Beatles_Bible2008d" class="citation cs2">The Beatles Bible (2008d), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.beatlesbible.com/songs/let-it-be/">Let It Be</a>, The Beatles Bible, retrieved 29 July 2013</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Let+It+Be&rft.pub=The+Beatles+Bible&rft.date=2008&rft.au=The+Beatles+Bible&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.beatlesbible.com%2Fsongs%2Flet-it-be%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+people+who+performed+on+Beatles+recordings" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThe_Beatles_Online2007a" class="citation cs2">The Beatles Online (2007a), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thebeatlesonline.com/pages/beatles_pennylane.htm">Penny Lane</a>, The Beatles Online, retrieved 26 July 2013</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Penny+Lane&rft.pub=The+Beatles+Online&rft.date=2007&rft.au=The+Beatles+Online&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thebeatlesonline.com%2Fpages%2Fbeatles_pennylane.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+people+who+performed+on+Beatles+recordings" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThe_Beatles_Online2007b" class="citation cs2">The Beatles Online (2007b), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thebeatlesonline.com/pages/beatles_strawberryfieldsforever.htm">Strawberry Fields Forever</a>, The Beatles Online, retrieved 26 July 2013</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Strawberry+Fields+Forever&rft.pub=The+Beatles+Online&rft.date=2007&rft.au=The+Beatles+Online&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thebeatlesonline.com%2Fpages%2Fbeatles_strawberryfieldsforever.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+people+who+performed+on+Beatles+recordings" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVallance" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Jim_Vallance" title="Jim Vallance">Vallance, Jim</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jimvallance.com/03-projects-folder/purdie-project-folder/pg-purdie.html">"Purdie"</a>, jimvallance.com, retrieved 16 January 2023</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=jimvallance.com&rft.atitle=Purdie&rft.aulast=Vallance&rft.aufirst=Jim&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jimvallance.com%2F03-projects-folder%2Fpurdie-project-folder%2Fpg-purdie.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+people+who+performed+on+Beatles+recordings" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWinn2008" class="citation cs2">Winn, John C. (2008), Way Beyond Compare: The Beatles' Recorded Legacy, 1957–1965, New York: Three Rivers Press, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0307451576" title="Special:BookSources/978-0307451576"><bdi>978-0307451576</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Way+Beyond+Compare%3A+The+Beatles%27+Recorded+Legacy%2C+1957%E2%80%931965&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Three+Rivers+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0307451576&rft.aulast=Winn&rft.aufirst=John+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+people+who+performed+on+Beatles+recordings" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWomack2006" class="citation cs2">Womack, Kenneth (2006), Reading the Beatles: Cultural Studies, Literary Criticism, and the Fab Four, Cambridge: SUNY Press, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0791481964" title="Special:BookSources/0791481964"><bdi>0791481964</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Reading+the+Beatles%3A+Cultural+Studies%2C+Literary+Criticism%2C+and+the+Fab+Four&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pub=SUNY+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=0791481964&rft.aulast=Womack&rft.aufirst=Kenneth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+people+who+performed+on+Beatles+recordings" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWomack2007" class="citation cs2">Womack, Kenneth (2007), Long and Winding Roads: The Evolving Artistry of The Beatles, New York: Cambridge University Press, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0521869652" title="Special:BookSources/978-0521869652"><bdi>978-0521869652</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Long+and+Winding+Roads%3A+The+Evolving+Artistry+of+The+Beatles&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0521869652&rft.aulast=Womack&rft.aufirst=Kenneth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+people+who+performed+on+Beatles+recordings" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWomack2009" class="citation cs2">Womack, Kenneth (2009), The Cambridge Companion to The Beatles, <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_Companions_to_Music" class="mw-redirect" title="Cambridge Companions to Music">Cambridge Companions to Music</a>, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0521869652" title="Special:BookSources/978-0521869652"><bdi>978-0521869652</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+Companion+to+The+Beatles&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.series=Cambridge+Companions+to+Music&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0521869652&rft.aulast=Womack&rft.aufirst=Kenneth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+people+who+performed+on+Beatles+recordings" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1256394678">@media screen{.mw-parser-output .navbox-musical-artist-solo .navbox-title{background-color:#f0e68c}.mw-parser-output .navbox-musical-artist-non-vocal .navbox-title{background-color:#f4bf92}.mw-parser-output .navbox-musical-artist-non-perform .navbox-title{background-color:#bfe0bf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-musical-artist-group .navbox-title{background-color:#b0c4de}.mw-parser-output .navbox-musical-artist-cover .navbox-title{background-color:#d8bfd8}.mw-parser-output .navbox-musical-artist-classical .navbox-title{background-color:#b0e0e6}.mw-parser-output .navbox-musical-artist-temp .navbox-title{background-color:#d3d3d3}.mw-parser-output .navbox-musical-artist .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-musical-artist .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0)}html.skin-theme-clienpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-musical-artist .navbox-title{background-color:inherit}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clienpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-musical-artist .navbox-title{background-color:inherit}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox navbox-musical-artist navbox-musical-artist-group" aria-labelledby="The_Beatles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks vcard hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:The_Beatles" title="Template:The Beatles"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:The_Beatles" title="Template talk:The Beatles"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:The_Beatles" title="Special:EditPage/Template:The Beatles"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="The_Beatles" class="fn org" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles" title="The Beatles">The Beatles</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon">John Lennon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_McCartney" title="Paul McCartney">Paul McCartney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Harrison" title="George Harrison">George Harrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ringo_Starr" title="Ringo Starr">Ringo Starr</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_Beatles" title="Outline of the Beatles">Outline of the Beatles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_timeline" title="The Beatles timeline">The Beatles timeline</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stuart_Sutcliffe" title="Stuart Sutcliffe">Stuart Sutcliffe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pete_Best" title="Pete Best">Pete Best</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chas_Newby" title="Chas Newby">Chas Newby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Chapman" title="Norman Chapman">Norman Chapman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tommy_Moore_(musician)" title="Tommy Moore (musician)">Tommy Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmie_Nicol" title="Jimmie Nicol">Jimmie Nicol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Quarrymen" title="The Quarrymen">The Quarrymen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_in_Hamburg" title="The Beatles in Hamburg">In Hamburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_at_the_Cavern_Club" title="The Beatles at the Cavern Club">At the Cavern Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles%27_Decca_audition" title="The Beatles' Decca audition">Decca audition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles%27_North_American_releases" title="The Beatles' North American releases">North American releases</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beatlemania" title="Beatlemania">Beatlemania</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/More_popular_than_Jesus" title="More popular than Jesus">More popular than Jesus</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_in_Bangor" title="The Beatles in Bangor">In Bangor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_in_India" title="The Beatles in India">In India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Break-up_of_the_Beatles" title="Break-up of the Beatles">Break-up</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_John_Lennon" title="Murder of John Lennon">Murder of John Lennon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_Anthology" title="The Beatles Anthology">Anthology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_bands_featuring_members_of_the_Beatles" title="List of members of bands featuring members of the Beatles">Line-ups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_views_of_the_Beatles" title="Religious views of the Beatles">Religious views</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_timeline" title="The Beatles timeline">Timeline</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_awards_and_nominations_received_by_the_Beatles" title="List of awards and nominations received by the Beatles">Awards and nominations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_bootleg_recordings" title="The Beatles bootleg recordings">Bootlegs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_albums_discography" title="The Beatles albums discography">Albums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_singles_discography" title="The Beatles singles discography">Singles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_in_film" title="The Beatles in film">Films</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_the_Beatles%27_instruments" title="List of the Beatles' instruments">Instruments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_the_Beatles%27_live_performances" title="List of the Beatles' live performances">Live performances</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Performers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collaborations_between_ex-Beatles" title="Collaborations between ex-Beatles">Post-breakup collaborations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_songs_recorded_by_the_Beatles" title="List of songs recorded by the Beatles">Songs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cover_versions_of_Beatles_songs" title="List of cover versions of Beatles songs">Cover versions of Beatles songs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_songs_covered_by_the_Beatles" title="List of songs covered by the Beatles">Songs covered by the Beatles</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles%27_recording_sessions" title="The Beatles' recording sessions">Recording sessions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tributes_to_the_Beatles" title="Tributes to the Beatles">Tributes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tours and performances</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Beat_Ballad_Show_Tour" title="The Beat Ballad Show Tour">1960 Johnny Gentle Tour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_Winter_1963_Helen_Shapiro_Tour" title="The Beatles Winter 1963 Helen Shapiro Tour">Winter 1963 Helen Shapiro Tour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Orbison/The_Beatles_Tour" title="Roy Orbison/The Beatles Tour">1963 Roy Orbison Tour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_on_The_Ed_Sullivan_Show" title="The Beatles on The Ed Sullivan Show">The Ed Sullivan Show appearances</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles%27_1964_world_tour" title="The Beatles' 1964 world tour">1964 world tour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles%27_1964_tour_of_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="The Beatles' 1964 tour of Australia">The Beatles' 1964 tour of Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles%27_1964_North_American_tour" title="The Beatles' 1964 North American tour">1964 North American tour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles%27_1965_European_tour" title="The Beatles' 1965 European tour">1965 European tour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles%27_1965_US_tour" title="The Beatles' 1965 US tour">1965 US tour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles%27_1965_UK_tour" title="The Beatles' 1965 UK tour">1965 UK tour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles%27_1966_tour_of_Germany,_Japan_and_the_Philippines" title="The Beatles' 1966 tour of Germany, Japan and the Philippines">1966 tour of Germany, Japan and the Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles%27_1966_US_tour" title="The Beatles' 1966 US tour">1966 US tour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_World_(1967_TV_program)" title="Our World (1967 TV program)">Our World performance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles%27_rooftop_concert" title="The Beatles' rooftop concert">Rooftop concert</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Beatle" title="Fifth Beatle">Personnel</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #EEEFFF">Management</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neil_Aspinall" title="Neil Aspinall">Neil Aspinall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Barrow" title="Tony Barrow">Tony Barrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Brown_(music_manager)" title="Peter Brown (music manager)">Peter Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Epstein" title="Brian Epstein">Brian Epstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mal_Evans" title="Mal Evans">Mal Evans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_James" title="Dick James">Dick James</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freda_Kelly" title="Freda Kelly">Freda Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allen_Klein" title="Allen Klein">Allen Klein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Lockwood" title="Joseph Lockwood">Joseph Lockwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alistair_Taylor" title="Alistair Taylor">Alistair Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derek_Taylor" title="Derek Taylor">Derek Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allan_Williams" title="Allan Williams">Allan Williams</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #EEEFFF">Production</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Geoff_Emerick" title="Geoff Emerick">Geoff Emerick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Lush" title="Richard Lush">Richard Lush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Martin" title="George Martin">George Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phil_McDonald" title="Phil McDonald">Phil McDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Preston" title="Billy Preston">Billy Preston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ken_Scott" title="Ken Scott">Ken Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Sheridan" title="Tony Sheridan">Tony Sheridan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phil_Spector" title="Phil Spector">Phil Spector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Smith_(record_producer)" title="Norman Smith (record producer)">Norman Smith</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Associated companies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Corps" title="Apple Corps">Apple Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Records" title="Apple Records">Apple Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capitol_Records" title="Capitol Records">Capitol Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EMI" title="EMI">EMI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrisongs" title="Harrisongs">Harrisongs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Songs" title="Northern Songs">Northern Songs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parlophone" title="Parlophone">Parlophone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seltaeb" title="Seltaeb">Seltaeb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Startling_Music" title="Startling Music">Startling Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swan_Records" title="Swan Records">Swan Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tollie_Records" title="Tollie Records">Tollie Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Artists" title="United Artists">United Artists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Artists_Records" title="United Artists Records">United Artists Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vee-Jay_Records" title="Vee-Jay Records">Vee-Jay Records</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Associated places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/10_Admiral_Grove" title="10 Admiral Grove">10 Admiral Grove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/12_Arnold_Grove" title="12 Arnold Grove">12 Arnold Grove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/20_Forthlin_Road" title="20 Forthlin Road">20 Forthlin Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/251_Menlove_Avenue" title="251 Menlove Avenue">251 Menlove Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/34_Montagu_Square,_Marylebone" title="34 Montagu Square, Marylebone">34 Montagu Square, Marylebone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abbey_Road,_London" title="Abbey Road, London">Abbey Road, London</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abbey_Road_Studios" title="Abbey Road Studios">Abbey Road Studios</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ad_Lib_Club" title="Ad Lib Club">Ad Lib Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Bag_O%27Nails" title="The Bag O'Nails">The Bag O'Nails</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beatles_Ashram" title="Beatles Ashram">Beatles Ashram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beatles-Platz" title="Beatles-Platz">Beatles-Platz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Angel_(nightclub)" title="Blue Angel (nightclub)">Blue Angel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casbah_Coffee_Club" title="Casbah Coffee Club">Casbah Coffee Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candlestick_Park" title="Candlestick Park">Candlestick Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnegie_Hall" title="Carnegie Hall">Carnegie Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Cavern_Club" title="The Cavern Club">The Cavern Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cavern_Mecca" title="Cavern Mecca">Cavern Mecca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comiskey_Park" title="Comiskey Park">Comiskey Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Jacaranda" title="The Jacaranda">The Jacaranda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaiserkeller" title="Kaiserkeller">Kaiserkeller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinfauns" title="Kinfauns">Kinfauns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Palladium" title="London Palladium">London Palladium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penny_Lane,_Liverpool" title="Penny Lane, Liverpool">Penny Lane, Liverpool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savile_Row" title="Savile Row">3 Savile Row</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Scotch_of_St._James" title="The Scotch of St. James">The Scotch of St. James</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shea_Stadium" title="Shea Stadium">Shea Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Peter%27s_Church,_Woolton,_Liverpool" title="St Peter's Church, Woolton, Liverpool">St Peter's Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Street,_Liverpool" title="Stanley Street, Liverpool">Stanley Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star-Club" title="Star-Club">Star-Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strawberry_Field" title="Strawberry Field">Strawberry Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tittenhurst_Park" title="Tittenhurst Park">Tittenhurst Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Top_Ten_Club" title="Top Ten Club">Top Ten Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wigmore_Street" title="Wigmore Street">Wigmore Street</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Selected books</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_Anthology_(book)" title="The Beatles Anthology (book)">The Beatles Anthology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles:_The_Authorised_Biography" title="The Beatles: The Authorised Biography">The Beatles: The Authorised Biography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles:_All_These_Years" title="The Beatles: All These Years">The Beatles: All These Years</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Cellarful_of_Noise" title="A Cellarful of Noise">A Cellarful of Noise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I,_Me,_Mine" title="I, Me, Mine">I, Me, Mine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lennon_Remembers" title="Lennon Remembers">Lennon Remembers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_McCartney:_Many_Years_from_Now" title="Paul McCartney: Many Years from Now">Paul McCartney: Many Years from Now</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Corps_v_Apple_Computer" title="Apple Corps v Apple Computer">Apple Corps v Apple Computer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_scruffs" title="Apple scruffs">Apple scruffs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beatle_boot" title="Beatle boot">Beatle boot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_at_Abbey_Road" title="The Beatles at Abbey Road">The Beatles at Abbey Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beatlesque" title="Beatlesque">Beatlesque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beat_music" title="Beat music">Beat music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_impact_of_the_Beatles" title="Cultural impact of the Beatles">Cultural impact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Beatle" title="Fifth Beatle">Fifth Beatle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_Beatles_Day" title="Global Beatles Day">Global Beatles Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Images_of_a_Woman" title="Images of a Woman">Images of a Woman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lennon%E2%80%93McCartney" title="Lennon–McCartney">Lennon–McCartney</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Paul_is_dead" title="Paul is dead">Paul is dead</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pop_Go_the_Beatles" title="Pop Go the Beatles">Pop Go the Beatles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recording_practices_of_the_Beatles" title="Recording practices of the Beatles">Recording practices</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Automatic_double_tracking" title="Automatic double tracking">automatic double tracking</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles:_Rock_Band" title="The Beatles: Rock Band">The Beatles: Rock Band</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_songs_in_The_Beatles:_Rock_Band" title="List of songs in The Beatles: Rock Band">songs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Rutles" title="The Rutles">The Rutles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:The_Beatles" title="Category:The Beatles">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings&oldid=1259281699">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings&oldid=1259281699</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:British_music-related_lists" title="Category:British music-related lists">British music-related lists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:The_Beatles_music" title="Category:The Beatles music">The Beatles music</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Lists_of_musicians" title="Category:Lists of musicians">Lists of musicians</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1960s-related_lists" title="Category:1960s-related lists">1960s-related lists</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_with_empty_Wikidata_description" title="Category:Short description with empty Wikidata description">Short description with empty Wikidata description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:EngvarB_from_July_2013" title="Category:EngvarB from July 2013">EngvarB from July 2013</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_September_2023" title="Category:Use dmy dates from September 2023">Use dmy dates from September 2023</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 24 November 2024, at 09:11 (UTC).</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-78f4c97c5d-f28hl","wgBackendResponseTime":162,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.992","walltime":"1.151","ppvisitednodes":{"value":13213,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":106466,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":8795,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":12,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":4,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":257001,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 915.861 1 -total"," 35.55% 325.572 2 Template:Reflist"," 19.62% 179.715 172 Template:Harvtxt"," 13.46% 123.285 32 Template:Citation"," 9.32% 85.369 1 Template:Short_description"," 7.28% 66.646 1 Template:Cite_web"," 6.11% 55.937 2 Template:Pagetype"," 5.34% 48.872 1 Template:The_Beatles_main"," 4.76% 43.602 1 Template:Navbox_musical_artist"," 4.18% 38.327 1 Template:The_Beatles_lists"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.343","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":7283082,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"anchor_id_list = table#1 {\n [\"CITEREFBUFVC2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBosso2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFChittenden2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEverett1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGreenwald1995\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHuntley2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFIngham2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJulien2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLewisohn1988\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLewisohn1995\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMacDonald1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMacDonald2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMatteo2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMiles1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMiles2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNPR2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNorman1981\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPerone2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFProg_Archives2023\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFReid2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSpizer2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThe_Beatles_Bible2008a\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThe_Beatles_Bible2008b\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThe_Beatles_Bible2008c\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThe_Beatles_Bible2008d\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThe_Beatles_Online2007a\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThe_Beatles_Online2007b\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVallance\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWinn2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWomack2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWomack2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWomack2009\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"Citation\"] = 32,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 1,\n [\"Compact TOC\"] = 1,\n [\"DEFAULTSORT:People who performed on Beatles recordings\"] = 1,\n [\"Efn\"] = 1,\n [\"EngvarB\"] = 1,\n [\"Harvtxt\"] = 172,\n [\"Ill\"] = 1,\n [\"Noteslist\"] = 1,\n [\"Refbegin\"] = 1,\n [\"Refend\"] = 1,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"Sfnref\"] = 1,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"The Beatles lists\"] = 1,\n [\"The Beatles main\"] = 1,\n [\"Use dmy dates\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-565d46677b-4wfcl","timestamp":"20241128122030","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"List of people who performed on Beatles recordings","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q16157027","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q16157027","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2013-07-21T12:03:24Z","dateModified":"2024-11-24T09:11:41Z"}</script> </body> </html>