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class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="विकिपीडिया सोद" aria-label="विकिपीडिया सोद" autocapitalize="sentences" title="विकिपीडियाचेर सोदात [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="विशेश:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">सोद</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="खाजगी साधनां"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=gom.wikipedia.org&uselang=gom" class=""><span>दान कर</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6:CreateAccount&returnto=%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80+%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8" title="तुमी खातें उगडून सत्रारंभ करचें अशें सुचयतात, पूण तें सक्तीचें ना." class=""><span>खातें रोचात</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6:UserLogin&returnto=%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80+%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8" title="सत्रारंभ करप बरें, पूण तशी सक्ती ना. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>सत्रारंभ</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Anik poryay" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="खाजगी साधनां" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">खाजगी साधनां</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=gom.wikipedia.org&uselang=gom"><span>दान कर</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6:CreateAccount&returnto=%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80+%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8" title="तुमी खातें उगडून सत्रारंभ करचें अशें सुचयतात, पूण तें सक्तीचें ना."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>खातें रोचात</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6:UserLogin&returnto=%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80+%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8" title="सत्रारंभ करप बरें, पूण तशी सक्ती ना. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>सत्रारंभ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0:Introduction" aria-label="संपादना विशीं अदीक शिकून घे"><span>अदीक शिकून घे</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>योगदान</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>चर्चा</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sayt"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="विशय सुची" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">विशय सुची</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">देग-पट्टियेचेर वर</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">लिपय</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">सुरवात</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-लिपी" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#लिपी"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>लिपी</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-लिपी-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-व्याकरण" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#व्याकरण"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>व्याकरण</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-व्याकरण-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-तुर्की_साहित्य" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#तुर्की_साहित्य"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>तुर्की साहित्य</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-तुर्की_साहित्य-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-आर्विल्लें_साहित्य" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#आर्विल्लें_साहित्य"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>आर्विल्लें साहित्य</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-आर्विल्लें_साहित्य-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="विशय सुची" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="विशय सुची दाखय / लिपय" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">विशय सुची दाखय / लिपय</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">तुर्की भास</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="दूसऱ्या भासेन एके लेखाचेर वच. 198 भासानीं उपलब्ध आसा." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-198" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">198 भासो</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D2%AD%D1%8B%D1%80%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%B7%D1%88%D3%99%D0%B0" title="Аҭырқәа бызшәа – अबखेज़ियन" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Аҭырқәа бызшәа" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="अबखेज़ियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahsa_Turuki" title="Bahsa Turuki – अचायनीज" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Bahsa Turuki" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="अचायनीज" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B7%D1%8D" title="Тыркубзэ – अडिघे" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Тыркубзэ" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="अडिघे" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turks" title="Turks – अफ्रिकान्स" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Turks" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="अफ्रिकान्स" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BCrkische_Sprache" title="Türkische Sprache – स्विस जर्मन" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Türkische Sprache" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="स्विस जर्मन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%89%B1%E1%88%AA%E1%8A%AD%E1%88%BD" title="ቱሪክሽ – अमहारिक्" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ቱሪክሽ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="अमहारिक्" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_turco" title="Idioma turco – आरागोनिस" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Idioma turco" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="आरागोनिस" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="तुर्की भाषा – अंगिका" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="तुर्की भाषा" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="अंगिका" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="Boreantlim borim panam"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="اللغة التركية – अरेबिक" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="اللغة التركية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="अरेबिक" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A0%DC%AB%DC%A2%DC%90_%DC%9B%DC%98%DC%AA%DC%A9%DC%9D%DC%90" title="ܠܫܢܐ ܛܘܪܩܝܐ – Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܠܫܢܐ ܛܘܪܩܝܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramaic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="تركية – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="تركية" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%83%D9%89" title="توركى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="توركى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turcu" title="Turcu – अस्टुरियान" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Turcu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="अस्टुरियान" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86%D3%80" title="Турк мацӀ – अवारिक" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Турк мацӀ" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="अवारिक" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkava" title="Turkava – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Turkava" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BCrk_dili" title="Türk dili – अझरबैजानी" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Türk dili" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="अझरबैजानी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%87_%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%AC%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="تورکیه تورکجه‌سی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="تورکیه تورکجه‌سی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%A9%D1%80%D3%A9%D0%BA_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Төрөк теле – बष्किर" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Төрөк теле" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="बष्किर" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa_Turki" title="Basa Turki – बालिनीज" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Basa Turki" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="बालिनीज" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiakische_Sproch" title="Tiakische Sproch – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Tiakische Sproch" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torku_kalba" title="Torku kalba – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Torku kalba" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Турэцкая мова – बेलारुशियन" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Турэцкая мова" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="बेलारुशियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Турэцкая мова – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Турэцкая мова" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Турски език – बल्गेरियन" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Турски език" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="बल्गेरियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE" title="তুর্কি ভাষা – बांग्ला" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="তুর্কি ভাষা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="बांग्ला" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkeg" title="Turkeg – ब्रेटन" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Turkeg" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="ब्रेटन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turski_jezik" title="Turski jezik – बोस्नियन" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Turski jezik" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="बोस्नियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saro_Turki" title="Saro Turki – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Saro Turki" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B3_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Түрэг хэлэн – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Түрэг хэлэн" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turc" title="Turc – कटलान" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Turc" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="कटलान" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turco" title="Turco – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Turco" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C5%AB-%C4%AB-g%C3%AC-ng%E1%B9%B3%CC%84" title="Tū-ī-gì-ngṳ̄ – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Tū-ī-gì-ngṳ̄" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82" title="Хункархойн мотт – चिचेन" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Хункархойн мотт" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="चिचेन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinulongang_Turko" title="Pinulongang Turko – सेबुआनो" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Pinulongang Turko" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="सेबुआनो" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%A0%E1%8F%82%E1%8E%AC%E1%8E%BE_%E1%8E%A7%E1%8F%AC%E1%8F%82%E1%8E%AF%E1%8F%8D%E1%8F%97" title="ᎠᏂᎬᎾ ᎧᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ – चॅरोकी" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎠᏂᎬᎾ ᎧᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="चॅरोकी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%A9%DB%8C" title="زمانی تورکی – मध्य कर्दिश" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="زمانی تورکی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="मध्य कर्दिश" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BCrk_tili" title="Türk tili – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Türk tili" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ture%C4%8Dtina" title="Turečtina – चेक" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Turečtina" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="चेक" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%ABrecczi_j%C3%A3z%C3%ABk" title="Tërecczi jãzëk – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Tërecczi jãzëk" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BA%C4%83_%D1%87%C4%95%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B8" title="Турккă чĕлхи – चुवाश" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Турккă чĕлхи" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="चुवाश" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyrceg" title="Tyrceg – वेल्श" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Tyrceg" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="वेल्श" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyrkisk_(sprog)" title="Tyrkisk (sprog) – डॅनिश" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Tyrkisk (sprog)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="डॅनिश" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BCrkische_Sprache" title="Türkische Sprache – जर्मन" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Türkische Sprache" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="जर्मन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C4%B1rki" title="Tırki – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Tırki" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkoj%C5%A1%C4%87ina" title="Turkojšćina – लोवर सोर्बियन" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Turkojšćina" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="लोवर सोर्बियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boros_Turki" title="Boros Turki – Central Dusun" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Boros Turki" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="Central Dusun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kadazandusun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B3%CE%BB%CF%8E%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B1" title="Τουρκική γλώσσα – ग्रीक" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τουρκική γλώσσα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="ग्रीक" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turc" title="Turc – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Turc" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_language" title="Turkish language – इंग्लीश" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Turkish language" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="इंग्लीश" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turka_lingvo" title="Turka lingvo – इस्परान्टो" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Turka lingvo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="इस्परान्टो" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_turco" title="Idioma turco – स्पॅनीश" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Idioma turco" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="स्पॅनीश" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BCrgi_keel" title="Türgi keel – इस्टोनियन" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Türgi keel" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="इस्टोनियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkiera" title="Turkiera – बास्क" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Turkiera" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="बास्क" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C" title="زبان ترکی استانبولی – पर्शियन" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="زبان ترکی استانبولی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="पर्शियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkin_kieli" title="Turkin kieli – फिनिश" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Turkin kieli" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="फिनिश" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkiskt_m%C3%A1l" title="Turkiskt mál – फेरोस" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Turkiskt mál" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="फेरोस" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turc" title="Turc – फ्रेंच" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Turc" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="फ्रेंच" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BCrkisk_spriak" title="Türkisk spriak – उत्तरीय फ्रिशियन" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Türkisk spriak" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="उत्तरीय फ्रिशियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turksk" title="Turksk – पश्चिमी फ्रिशियन" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Turksk" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="पश्चिमी फ्रिशियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Tuircis" title="An Tuircis – आयरिश" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Tuircis" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="आयरिश" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BCrk_dili" title="Türk dili – Gagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Türk dili" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="Gagauz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turcais" title="Turcais – स्कॉटीश गॅलीक" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Turcais" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="स्कॉटीश गॅलीक" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_turca" title="Lingua turca – गेलीशियन" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Lingua turca" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="गेलीशियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%DB%8A%D9%84%D9%8A_%D8%B2%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86" title="ايستامبۊلي زوان – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="ايستامبۊلي زوان" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuykia%C3%B1e%27%E1%BA%BD" title="Tuykiañe'ẽ – ग्वारानी" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Tuykiañe'ẽ" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="ग्वारानी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%A4%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6_%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B7%E0%AA%BE" title="તુર્કિશ ભાષા – गुजराती" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="તુર્કિશ ભાષા" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="गुजराती" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish" title="Turkish – मांक्स" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Turkish" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="मांक्स" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkanci" title="Turkanci – हौसा" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Turkanci" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="हौसा" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%BA-ng%C3%AD-kh%C3%AC-ng%C3%AE" title="Thú-ngí-khì-ngî – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Thú-ngí-khì-ngî" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%AA" title="טורקית – हिब्रू" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="טורקית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="हिब्रू" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%88_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="तुर्कीयाई भाषा – हिन्दी" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="तुर्कीयाई भाषा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="हिन्दी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_bhasa" title="Turkish bhasa – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Turkish bhasa" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turski_jezik" title="Turski jezik – क्रोएशियन" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Turski jezik" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="क्रोएशियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkow%C5%A1%C4%87ina" title="Turkowšćina – अपर सोर्बियन" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Turkowšćina" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="अपर सोर्बियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%B6r%C3%B6k_nyelv" title="Török nyelv – हंगेरियन" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Török nyelv" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="हंगेरियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B9%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%80%D6%84%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%B6" title="Թուրքերեն – आर्मेनियन" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Թուրքերեն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="आर्मेनियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B9%D6%80%D6%84%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A7%D5%B6" title="Թրքերէն – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Թրքերէն" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaku_Turki" title="Jaku Turki – आयबन" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Jaku Turki" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="आयबन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Turki" title="Bahasa Turki – इंडोनेशियन" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bahasa Turki" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="इंडोनेशियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagsasao_a_Turko" title="Pagsasao a Turko – इलोको" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Pagsasao a Turko" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="इलोको" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82" title="Туркий мотт – इंगूश" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Туркий мотт" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="इंगूश" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turka_linguo" title="Turka linguo – इदो" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Turka linguo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="इदो" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyrkneska" title="Tyrkneska – आयस्लान्डिक" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Tyrkneska" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="आयस्लान्डिक" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_turca" title="Lingua turca – इटालियन" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lingua turca" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="इटालियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%88%E3%83%AB%E3%82%B3%E8%AA%9E" title="トルコ語 – जपानी" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="トルコ語" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="जपानी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa_Turki" title="Basa Turki – जावनीज" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Basa Turki" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="जावनीज" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%97%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="თურქული ენა – जॉर्जियन" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="თურქული ენა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="जॉर्जियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BArk_tili" title="Túrk tili – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Túrk tili" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B7%D1%8D" title="Тыркубзэ – काबार्डियन" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Тыркубзэ" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="काबार्डियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turukya_(a%CC%B1lyem)" title="Turukya (a̱lyem) – त्याप" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Turukya (a̱lyem)" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="त्याप" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Turki" title="Bahasa Turki – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Bahasa Turki" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%96%D0%BA_%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96" title="Түрік тілі – कझाख" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Түрік тілі" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="कझाख" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8A%80%EB%A5%B4%ED%82%A4%EC%98%88%EC%96%B4" title="튀르키예어 – कोरियन" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="튀르키예어" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="कोरियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BA_%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%B2" title="Тюрк кыв – Komi-Permyak" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Тюрк кыв" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="Komi-Permyak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Перем коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9%D9%90%DA%86_%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="ترکِچ زبان – कश्मीरी" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="ترکِچ زبان" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="कश्मीरी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ziman%C3%AA_tirk%C3%AE" title="Zimanê tirkî – कर्दिश" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Zimanê tirkî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="कर्दिश" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA_%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%B2" title="Турок кыв – कोमी" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Турок кыв" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="कोमी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkek" title="Turkek – कोर्निश" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Turkek" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="कोर्निश" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83_%D0%A2%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%87%D3%A9%D1%81%D2%AF" title="Анадолу Түркчөсү – किर्गिझ" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Анадолу Түркчөсү" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="किर्गिझ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_Turcica" title="Lingua Turcica – लॅटिन" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Lingua Turcica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="लॅटिन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_turkana" title="Lingua turkana – लाडिनो" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Lingua turkana" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="लाडिनो" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tierkesch" title="Tierkesch – लक्झेम्बर्गीश" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Tierkesch" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="लक्झेम्बर्गीश" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Туркнал маз – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Туркнал маз" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%8C%D1%80%D0%BA_%D1%87%D3%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Туьрк чӀал – लेझघियान" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Туьрк чӀал" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="लेझघियान" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turces_(lingua)" title="Turces (lingua) – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Turces (lingua)" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%B6rks" title="Törks – लिंबर्गिश" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Törks" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="लिंबर्गिश" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengua_t%C3%BCrca" title="Lengua türca – लोमबार्ड" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Lengua türca" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="लोमबार्ड" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%9E%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%B7%E0%BA%81%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%88" title="ພາສາທືກເຈ – लाओ" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ພາສາທືກເຈ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="लाओ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turk%C5%B3_kalba" title="Turkų kalba – लिथुआनियन" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Turkų kalba" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="लिथुआनियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turku_valoda" title="Turku valoda – लात्वियन" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Turku valoda" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="लात्वियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%BA%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Туркань кяль – मोक्ष" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Туркань кяль" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="मोक्ष" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiteny_tiorka" title="Fiteny tiorka – मलागसी" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fiteny tiorka" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="मलागसी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%B9%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B5" title="Турко йылме – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Турко йылме" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reo_T%C4%81kei" title="Reo Tākei – माओरी" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Reo Tākei" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="माओरी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahaso_Turki" title="Bahaso Turki – मिनान्गकाबाव" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Bahaso Turki" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="मिनान्गकाबाव" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Турски јазик – मेसेडोनियन" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Турски јазик" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="मेसेडोनियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%81%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%AD%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B7" title="തുർക്കിഷ് ഭാഷ – मल्याळम" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="തുർക്കിഷ് ഭാഷ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="मल्याळम" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Турк хэл – मंगोलियन" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Турк хэл" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="मंगोलियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%94%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%81_%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%9F" title="ꯇꯔꯀꯤꯁ ꯂꯣꯟ – मणिपुरी" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯇꯔꯀꯤꯁ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="मणिपुरी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="तुर्की भाषा – मराठी" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="तुर्की भाषा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="मराठी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA_%D0%B9%D3%B9%D0%BB%D0%BC%D3%B9" title="Турок йӹлмӹ – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Турок йӹлмӹ" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Turki" title="Bahasa Turki – मलय" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bahasa Turki" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="मलय" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%90%E1%80%B0%E1%80%9B%E1%80%80%E1%80%AE%E1%80%98%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AC%E1%80%85%E1%80%80%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8" title="တူရကီဘာသာစကား – बर्मीज" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="တူရကီဘာသာစကား" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="बर्मीज" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Турконь кель – एरझिया" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Турконь кель" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="एरझिया" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9%DB%8C" title="ایستامبولی ترکی – मझांडेराणी" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="ایستامبولی ترکی" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="मझांडेराणी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%B6rksche_Spraak" title="Törksche Spraak – लोवर जर्मन" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Törksche Spraak" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="लोवर जर्मन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turks" title="Turks – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Turks" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="तुर्केली भाषा – नेपाळी" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="तुर्केली भाषा" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="नेपाळी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="तर्किश भाषा – नेवारी" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="तर्किश भाषा" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="नेवारी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turks" title="Turks – डच" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Turks" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="डच" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyrkisk" title="Tyrkisk – नॉर्वेजियन नायनोर्स्क" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Tyrkisk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="नॉर्वेजियन नायनोर्स्क" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyrkisk" title="Tyrkisk – नॉर्वेजियन बोकमाल" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Tyrkisk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="नॉर्वेजियन बोकमाल" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seturkish" title="Seturkish – उत्तरीय सोथो" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Seturkish" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="उत्तरीय सोथो" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turc" title="Turc – ऑक्सिटन" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Turc" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="ऑक्सिटन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B3_%C3%A6%D0%B2%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B3" title="Туркаг æвзаг – ओसेटिक" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Туркаг æвзаг" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ओसेटिक" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%AD%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE" title="ਤੁਰਕੀ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ – पंजाबी" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਤੁਰਕੀ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="पंजाबी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turko" title="Turko – पाप्यामेंटो" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Turko" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="पाप्यामेंटो" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turc" title="Turc – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Turc" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_turecki" title="Język turecki – पोलिश" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Język turecki" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="पोलिश" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenga_turca" title="Lenga turca – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Lenga turca" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C" title="ترک بولی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ترک بولی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%A9%D9%8A_%DA%98%D8%A8%D9%87" title="تورکي ژبه – पश्तो" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="تورکي ژبه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="पश्तो" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_turca" title="Língua turca – पोर्तुगीज" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Língua turca" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="पोर्तुगीज" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turku_simi" title="Turku simi – क्वेच्वा" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Turku simi" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="क्वेच्वा" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_tirca" title="Lingua tirca – रोमान्श" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Lingua tirca" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="रोमान्श" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkikani_chib" title="Turkikani chib – Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Turkikani chib" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limba_turc%C4%83" title="Limba turcă – रोमानियन" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Limba turcă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="रोमानियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Турецкий язык – रशियन" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Турецкий язык" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="रशियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%8C%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Турецькый язык – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Турецькый язык" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igiturukiya" title="Igiturukiya – किन्यार्वान्डा" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Igiturukiya" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="किन्यार्वान्डा" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA_%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Туурак тыла – साखा" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Туурак тыла" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="साखा" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%9B%E1%B1%A9%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%A4_%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B9%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%A4" title="ᱛᱩᱨᱠᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ – संथाली" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱛᱩᱨᱠᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="संथाली" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limba_turca" title="Limba turca – सार्डिनियान" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Limba turca" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="सार्डिनियान" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_turca" title="Lingua turca – सिसिलियान" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Lingua turca" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="सिसिलियान" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkis_leid" title="Turkis leid – स्कॉट्स" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Turkis leid" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="स्कॉट्स" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%AA%D9%8A_%D9%BB%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A" title="ترڪي ٻولي – सिंधी" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ترڪي ٻولي" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="सिंधी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Durkkagiella" title="Durkkagiella – उत्तरीय सामी" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Durkkagiella" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="उत्तरीय सामी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turski_jezik" title="Turski jezik – सेर्बो-क्रोयेषियन्" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Turski jezik" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="सेर्बो-क्रोयेषियन्" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%92_%E0%B6%B7%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="තුර්කි භාෂාව – सिंहला" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="තුර්කි භාෂාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="सिंहला" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_language" title="Turkish language – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Turkish language" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ture%C4%8Dtina" title="Turečtina – स्लोवाक" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Turečtina" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="स्लोवाक" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tur%C5%A1%C4%8Dina" title="Turščina – स्लोवानियन" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Turščina" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="स्लोवानियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chituruki" title="Chituruki – शोना" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Chituruki" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="शोना" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Af-Turki" title="Af-Turki – सोमाली" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Af-Turki" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="सोमाली" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gjuha_turke" title="Gjuha turke – आल्बेनियन्" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Gjuha turke" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="आल्बेनियन्" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Турски језик – सर्बियन" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Турски језик" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="सर्बियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa_Turki" title="Basa Turki – सुंदनीस" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Basa Turki" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="सुंदनीस" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkiska" title="Turkiska – स्विडीश" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Turkiska" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="स्विडीश" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kituruki" title="Kituruki – स्वाहिली" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kituruki" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="स्वाहिली" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turecko_godka" title="Turecko godka – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Turecko godka" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%BF" title="துருக்கிய மொழி – तमिळ" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="துருக்கிய மொழி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="तमिळ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D3%A3" title="Забони туркӣ – ताजिक" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Забони туркӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="ताजिक" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B5" title="ภาษาตุรกี – थाई" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ภาษาตุรกี" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="थाई" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BCrk_dili" title="Türk dili – तुर्कमेन" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Türk dili" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="तुर्कमेन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikang_Turko" title="Wikang Turko – तगालोग" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Wikang Turko" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="तगालोग" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyrkij%C9%99_zyvon" title="Tyrkijə zyvon – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Tyrkijə zyvon" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7e" title="Türkçe – तुर्की" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Türkçe" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="तुर्की" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Төрек теле – तातर" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Төрек теле" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="तातर" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA_%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="Турк дыл – तुविनियन" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Турк дыл" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="तुविनियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA_%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="Турок кыл – उडमुर्त" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Турок кыл" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="उडमुर्त" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%DB%88%D8%B1%D9%83_%D8%AA%D9%89%D9%84%D9%89" title="تۈرك تىلى – उयघूर" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="تۈرك تىلى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="उयघूर" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Турецька мова – युक्रेनियन" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Турецька мова" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="युक्रेनियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9%DB%8C_%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="ترکی زبان – उर्दू" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ترکی زبان" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="उर्दू" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turk_tili" title="Turk tili – उझबेक" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Turk tili" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="उझबेक" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%81%C3%A9ngua_turca" title="Łéngua turca – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Łéngua turca" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkan_kel%27" title="Turkan kel' – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Turkan kel'" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_Th%E1%BB%95_Nh%C4%A9_K%E1%BB%B3" title="Tiếng Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ – व्हिएतनामीज" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tiếng Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="व्हिएतनामीज" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BCrk%C3%A4nap%C3%BCk" title="Türkänapük – ओलापुक" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Türkänapük" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="ओलापुक" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trouk_(lingaedje)" title="Trouk (lingaedje) – वालून" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Trouk (lingaedje)" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="वालून" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tinurkiya" title="Tinurkiya – वरय" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Tinurkiya" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="वरय" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E8%80%B3%E5%85%B6%E8%AF%AD" title="土耳其语 – व्हु चिनी" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="土耳其语" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="व्हु चिनी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BD" title="Түргдин келн – कालमायक" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Түргдин келн" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="कालमायक" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%97%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="თურქული ნინა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="თურქული ნინა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%98%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%A9" title="טערקיש – यिडिश" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="טערקיש" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="यिडिश" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%88d%C3%A8_T%C3%BArk%C3%AC" title="Èdè Túrkì – योरुबा" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Èdè Túrkì" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="योरुबा" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E8%80%B3%E5%85%B6%E8%AF%AD" title="土耳其语 – चिनी" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="土耳其语" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="चिनी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%B3%CD%98-n%C3%AD-k%C3%AE-g%C3%AD" title="Thó͘-ní-kî-gí – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Thó͘-ní-kî-gí" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E8%80%B3%E5%85%B6%E6%96%87" title="土耳其文 – कॅण्टोनीस" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="土耳其文" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="कॅण्टोनीस" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q256#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="आंतरभाशीक दुवो संपादीत करात" class="wbc-editpage">दुवो संपादीत करात</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav 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href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fgom.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E0%25A4%25A4%25E0%25A5%2581%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%2595%25E0%25A5%2580_%25E0%25A4%25AD%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25B8"><span>QR sonket download kor</span></a></li><li id="t-shorturl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//gom.wikipedia.org/s/dr" title="Ho dhakto duvo vantunk nokol kor"><span>धाक्टें यू॰आर॰एल</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> छापात/निर्गत करात </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80+%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8"><span>पुस्तक रोचात</span></a></li><li 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id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q256" title="म्हायती भांडारांत जोडिल्ल्या कलमाचो नग [g]" accesskey="g"><span>विकिडेटा नग</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Panachin avtam"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">देग-पट्टियेचेर वर</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">लिपय</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">विकिपीडिया कडल्यान</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="gom" dir="ltr"><p>उत्तर दिशेक फिनलंड तें दक्षिणेक तुर्कीस्थाना मेरेन आनी अस्तंतेक हंगेरी ते उदेंतेक मंगोलिया, मांचकुओ आनी चीनी तुर्कस्थानामेरेन पाताळिल्ल्या उरल-उल्ताइक भाशा चोम्यांतल्या अल्ताइक फांटयाची तुर्की हीम सगळ्यांत म्हत्वाचीमभास. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="लिपी"><span id=".E0.A4.B2.E0.A4.BF.E0.A4.AA.E0.A5.80"></span>लिपी</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8&action=edit&section=1" title="विभाग संपादन: लिपी"><span>बदल</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>संख्या शेंकडयांत तुर्कींची एक लिखान पदद्त एक लिखाण पद्दत आशिल्ली,ती सेमिटिक लिपींतल्यान तयार जाल्ली. हे लिपींत चार स्वरचिन्नां आनी छत्तीस जोडाक्षरां मात नाशिल्लीं. बोल्शोवहिक क्रांती उपरांत रशियांतल्या तुर्कि बोलींनी रशियन लिपी आपणयली. 3 नोव्हेंबर 1928 सावन तुर्की सरकारान आपणाले भाशेक एक रोमी लिपी तयार केली. लिपींत आठ स्वरचिन्नां आनी एकवीस व्यंजनचिन्नां आसात तीं अशीं- आ, ब, ज, च, द, ए, फ, ग, घ, ह, अ, इ A, b, c, g, d, e, f, g, g, h, l, ,i झ्य, क, स, श, त, उ, उ, व, य, झ J, k, s, s , t, u, o, v, y, z </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="व्याकरण"><span id=".E0.A4.B5.E0.A5.8D.E0.A4.AF.E0.A4.BE.E0.A4.95.E0.A4.B0.E0.A4.A3"></span>व्याकरण</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8&action=edit&section=2" title="विभाग संपादन: व्याकरण"><span>बदल</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>नामांत लिंगभेद ना,नामाचें मूळ रुप हेंच ताचें प्रथमेचें एकवचन आसता. ताका लार हो प्रत्यय लावन भोववचन तयार जाता. नामांत तालव्य स्वर आसल्यार ताका लेर हो प्रत्यय लायतात. देखीकः आदीम-मनीस,आदामलार-मनशां,एव्-घर,एव्लेर-घरां.तुर्कींत स विभक्ती आसात-प्रथमा(शून्य),व्दितीया(अ,इ,उ,उ),चतुर्थी (आ,ए),पंचमी (दन् दन्),पष्ठी(अन्,इन्,उन्,उन्).सप्तमी(दा,दे).स्वरान्त शब्दा उपरांत हेच प्रत्यय व्दितीया (यि),चतुर्थी (या,ये),पष्ठी(नम्,नुन्,नॅन्) अशे आसात. सर्वनामां अशीं आसात एकवचन भोवचन पयलो पुरुश बेन् बिझ् दुसरो पुरुश सेन् सिझ तिसरो पुरुश ओ,ओल् ओनलार् </p><p>बेनिम्,बिझिम्;सेनिन,सिझिन्.ही ताची॥ स्वामित्वदर्शक रुपां जातात.किम्.कोण,ने,किदें ,हांगि खंयचो,नसल,कसो,काय,कितलो,हीं प्रस्नावाचक रुपां आसात. मेक् हो प्रत्यय क्रियारुप दाखयता. सेव्मेक्चो वर्तमानकाळ- एकवचन भोवचन पयलो पुरुश सेवेरिम् सेवेरिझ दुसरो पुरुश सेवेर्सिन् सेवेर्सिनिझ् तिसरो पुरुश सेवेर सेवेरलेर् आसा ह्या क्रियापदान जेन्ना दोन नामां जोडटात,तेन्ना हें क्रियापद तुर्कींत नामाक प्रत्यय लावन उकतायतात.हे प्रत्यय अशे- एकवचन भोवचन पयलो पुरुश अम् इम्,उम,उम,(हांव) आसा, अझ,इझ्,उझ्,उझ् दुसरो पुरुश सन्,सिन्,सुन्,सॅन् सनझ,सनिझ्,सुनुझ्, सुनुझ्. तिसरो पुरुश दर्,दिर्,दुर,दुर, दरलार,दिरलेर,दुरलार्,दॅयलेर. आदामम् हांव दादलो आदामसन् तूं दादलो आज्ञार्थाचे प्रत्यय- एकवचन भोवचन पयलो पुरुश शून्य इनझ् दुसरो पुरुश सन् इ सनलार इ भूतकाळ आनी संकतार्थ – एकवचन भोवचन पयलो पुरुश म् क् दुसरो पुरुश शून्य लार्,लेर् </p><p>रितीदर्शक अव्यायाचो मुखेल प्रत्यय जा (जे) आसा,आघिर-जड.आघिर् जा जडपणान,बेन्-हांव ,बेनजा-म्हज्या मतान,आदाम् – मनीस.आदामजा-मनीसपणान. 1 बिर्, 2 इकि,3 उँच.4 दर्त्,5,बेश्,6आल्त.7 येदी,8,सेकिझ्,9 दोकुझ्.10 ओन् हे तुर्कींतले पयले धा अंक आसात. </p><p>तुर्की बोली उलोवपी वाठार खूब व्हड आसून तातूंत गट येतात ते अशे- 1.<b>ईशान्य गट</b>-रशियांतलें याकूत.मंगोलियाचे शिमेवयलें तुर्क. </p><p>2.<b>हाका गट</b>-मदलें आबाकान,सकयलें आबाकान,हांचे उत्तरेकडलो वाठार आनी कामासिंची. 3.<b>अल्ताई गट</b>-अल्ताई,तेलेउत,उत्तरेकडेल कुमांद,तार्तर,शोर,आणबा. 4.<b>.उदेंत सायबीरिया गट</b>-(चुलिम आनी तोबोलचे) तार्तर,बाराबा,बुखरी ओत. </p><p>5.<b>व्होल्गा-उरल गट</b>-कॅझनचें तार्तर,मिशार,तेप्तिआर,बाखकीर,चुवाश. 6.<b>मध्य आशिया गट</b>.चीन आनी कान्सू वाठारांतलें तुर्क,काझाक,किरगीझ,उझबेक.रिक्वाचें तुर्क. 7.<b>नैर्ऋत्य गट</b>-अफघाणिस्तान,इराण आनी तुर्कमेनिस्तानांतलें,तुर्क.इराणांतलें आझरबैजान,उत्तर कॉकेशन,बालखुर,कुमिक,कारापापाख,तुर्कस्तानाचें तुर्क,बेसअरेबियांतलें गागउस.क्रिमयाचे दक्षिणेचें तार्तर. 8.हेर-तुर्कीच्या वाठारांत पातळिल्यो हेर सगळ्यो बोली. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="तुर्की_साहित्य"><span id=".E0.A4.A4.E0.A5.81.E0.A4.B0.E0.A5.8D.E0.A4.95.E0.A5.80_.E0.A4.B8.E0.A4.BE.E0.A4.B9.E0.A4.BF.E0.A4.A4.E0.A5.8D.E0.A4.AF"></span>तुर्की साहित्य</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8&action=edit&section=3" title="विभाग संपादन: तुर्की साहित्य"><span>बदल</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>सातव्या आनी आठव्या शेंकडयांतले सायबेरिया आनी मंगोलियांत मेळिल्ले तशेंच पुरातन काळांतल्या कोक तुर्की राजांच्या भोवमानान बरयल्ले शिलालेख हे सगळ्यांत पोरणो तुर्की अवशेश उपरांतच्या काळांतलें लिखाण उईगुर लिपींत जालां. तुर्कांनी,इस्लाम धर्म आपणायतकच,अरबी आनी इराणी वाड,मयाचो वापर करपाक सुरवात केली आनी इकराव्या शेंकडया उपरांत वाड. मयीन स्वरुपाचें लिखाण जावंक लागलें.युसूफ हाज हाजीब हाचें ‘कुतादगू बिलिग’(1069) हें नितीबोधाचेर बरयल्लें काव्य उदेंत तुर्कस्थानांतलें वाड.मयीन स्वरुपांतलें पयलें लिखाण. ह्याच काळांतलें अदिब अहमद हाचें ‘अतबतुल हकयिक’ हें दुसरें <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="पुस्तक (पान अस्तित्वांत ना)">पुस्तक</a> आसा. उपरांत तुर्की भाशेच्या चगताई,अझेरी आनी ओसमानली ह्या तीन मुखेल शाखांनी वाड. मय तयार जालें. चगताई वाड.मय-मध्य अशियांतल्या तुर्कांभितर उदरगतीक पाविल्ली ही एक भास.ही तेराव्या शेंकडायाचे अखेरेक सावन सुरवात जाली. ही भास खाकानिया तुर्की भाशैचेर आदारिल्ली आसा. </p><p>भास खाकानिया तुर्की हे भाशेचेर आदारिल्ली आसा. हेरांत ,समरकंद ह्या मुखेल केंद्रांवांगडा दिल्ली हे लेगीत भाशेचें केंद्र आशिल्लें.अली शिर नेवाई ह्या हे भाशेच्या नामनेच्या प्रतिनिधीन,इराणी संस्कृती आनी भाशा हांच्या प्रभाव काळांत लेगीत तुर्की ही खंयचेय नदरेन फार्सी पस उणी ना हें आपल्या मुहाकामतुल लुगतैन ह्या ग्रंथांत सांगलां.सम्राट बाबरान तुर्कींत कविता आनी बाबरनामा ह्यो यादी बरयल्यो.तशेंच हेर मोगल राजांनीय तुर्की भाशेंत लिखाण केलें.बाबराचो पूत कामरान मिर्झा हाचें दिवान प्रसिध्द आसा.मध्य आशियांतलो अझीझी हाणें काव्यनिर्मीती केल्ली.बैरमखान तशेंच सोळाव्या शेंकडयांतलो काशिमरचो राज्यकर्तो मिर्झा हैदर दुघलत हेय तुर्की भाशेचे कवी आशिल्ले. लघुव्याकरणां,शब्दकोशय भारतांत तयार जाले.अझफरी हाचोय एक शब्दकोश आसा.एकुणिसाव्या शेंकडयांत इन्शा हाणें आपली दीसपटी आनी कांय कविता तुर्की भाशेंत बरयल्यो. 1917 उपरांत,रशियांतले नवे राजवटीखाला चगताई भाशेची सुवात उझबेक भाशेन घेतली. </p><p><b>आझरी वाडमय</b>-तेराव्या –चवदाव्या शेंकडयांतले हसन ओघलू आनी काझी बुऱ्हानुद्दीन ‘दिवाना ‘त’ तुयूग ‘ ह्या खास तुर्की काव्य प्रकाराचो आस्पाव जाता.नेसिम ह्या हुरुफी पंथाच्या कवीन उर्बेरभरीत गझली बरयल्यात.ताका चौदाव्या शेंकडयांतलो सगळ्यांत श्रेष्ठ कवी मानतात. पंदराव्या शेंकडयांतलो हबीबी हो म्हत्वचो कवी आसा.शाह इस्माइल हो इराणाचो राजा तशेंच फुजुली ह्या नामनेच्या तुर्की कवीनूय आझरीत लिखाण केलें. सोळाव्या शेंकडयांतलो,दिल्ली दरबारांतलो कवी सियानी तेच भाशेन सतराव्या शेंकडयांतलो नामनेचो इंडो-इराणी कवी साइब हाच्योय हे भाशेंतल्यो कांय गझली आसात. </p><p><b>उस्मानाली (ऑटोमन) वाडमय-</b> आशिया मायनरच्या सद्याच्या तुर्कीस्थानांतल्या तुर्की भाशेची खूब भरभराट जाली.ह्याच देशांत ‘ओगूझ’ बोली ऑटोमन तुर्कीच्या स्वरुपांत इराणी प्रभावाखाला विकसीत जाली.तिच्यांत ‘दीवान एदेबियाती’(दरबारी वाडमय) हया नांवाचें अभिजात साहित्य निर्माण जालें.लोकसाहित्य ह्या काळांत तयार जावंक लागलें.तेराव्या शेंकडयांतलो नामनेचो सुफी कवी रुमी आनी ताचो पूत सुलतान वल्द हाणेंय तुर्कींत काव्य-लिखाण केलें.ह्याच शय्याद हामझा हाणें गूढकाव्य बरयल्लें.देहहानी आनी युनुस एमरे हे चौदाव्या शेंकडयांतले नामनेचे कवी.ह्या काळांत इराणी भाशेचें वर्चस्व आसून लेगीत फेनिया,कसतमोनू,बुर्सा आनी हेर सुवातींनी तुर्की भास समृध्द जावंक लागली.कितलेंशेचं अरबी आनी फार्सी साहित्य तुर्कींत अणकारीत जालें.गुलशेहरी हाणें ‘मनतिकृत’ तैर ह्या फार्सी काव्याचो तुर्कींत अणकार केलो.संस्कृतांतल्या पंचतंत्रत्राचोय फार्सी भाशेंतल्यान तुर्की भाशेंत कोणें तरी अणकार केला.अहमदी हो चवदाव्या शेंकडयांतलो आनीक एक म्हत्वची कवी आसा.किर्क वझीर हिकायेलरी हें सोंपे तुर्की भाशेंत बरयल्लें लोकप्रिय कथासाहित्य. फुजुली,खयाली,बाकी,रुही हे सोळाव्या शेंकडयांतले कांय नामनेचे कवी,हाकीझाक फार्शीभाशेनच तुर्कींतूय खूब नामना मेळळी.ताजूत आनी तवारीख हो इतिहसग्रंथ सुलेमान चेलेबी,शेखी,अहमदपाशा आनी नेजाती हें पंदराव्या शेंकडयांयले ,मुखेल कवी.सुलेमान चेलेबीचें ‘मेवलिद’ हें काव्य आयज लेगीत तुर्की मुसलमान सोयऱ्यांचे पुण्यतिथी दिसा भावार्थान वाचतात.ओरुच बेग आनी आशिया पाशा झादा हांणी इतिहासीक साहित्य निर्मिती करुन मोलादीक वावर केलो. किर्क वझीर हिकायेलरी हें सोंपे तुर्की भाशेंत बरयल्लें लोकप्रिय कथासाहित्य.फुजुली,खयाली,बाकी,रुही हे सोळाव्या शेंकडयांतले कांय नामनेचे कवी,हाकीझाक फार्शीभाशेनच तुर्कींतूय खूब नामना मेळळी.ताजूत आनी तवारीख हो इतिहसग्रंथ सादेद्दीन इफेंदी हाणें बरयलो.ह्याच काळांत इब्ने केमाल आनी जलाल झादा हे नामनेचे इतिहासकार जावन गेले. मुस्ताफा अली हाणें बयरल्लो कुनहुल अखबार हो ह्या काळांतलो सगळ्यांत म्हत्वाचो इतिहासग्रंथ.आपल्या मनाकिबे हुनखराज ह्या ग्रंथांत ताणें सुलेखन कलावंत आनी पुस्तक बांदणीकार हांची चरित्रां दिल्यांत. ह्याच काळांत पिरी रईस आनी सीदी अली रईस हाणीं बयरल्लीं भोंवडेवर्णनां आनी भुगोलीक वर्णनां मेळटात.सगळ्यांत पयलीं सेही बेग हाणें साहित्याचो इतिहास बरयलो.हाचे उपरांतचें अशे तरेचे लिखाण करपी अहदी,लतीफी आनी आशिक चेलेबी हे आसात.कसीदा हो काव्यप्रकार ताणें सबके हिंदी ह्या नांवान वळखुपी शैलीत बरोवन ह्या काव्य प्रकाराक तुर्की भाशेंत उंचेली सुवात मेळोवन दिली.ताचेच बरोबरचे यहया आनी अल्ताई हांणी क्रमान गझल आनी मस्नवीं हातूंत मोलदीक भर घाली.कराजा ओघलान आनी आशिक उमर हे ह्य काळांतले नामनेचे गायक कवी.कातिबा चेलेबी,नश्मा,कोचीबी आनी पेचेवी हे सतराव्या शेंकडयांतले नामनेचे इतिहासकार.गद्य क्षेत्रांत वैसी आनी नर्गिसी हांची खूब नामना आसा.अठराव्या शेंकडायांतले नेदीम ,सेख गालीब हे नामनेचे गझलकार जावन गेले.कितल्याश्याच कवींचे चरीत्रग्रंथ ह्या काळांत सादे,सरळ शैलींत बरयले.एकुणिसाव्या शेंकडयांत अस्तंत साहित्य सिध्दांतांच्या प्रभावाक लागून ऑटोमन साहित्याचे सुवातेर आर्विल्लें तुर्की साहित्य तयार जालें. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="आर्विल्लें_साहित्य"><span id=".E0.A4.86.E0.A4.B0.E0.A5.8D.E0.A4.B5.E0.A4.BF.E0.A4.B2.E0.A5.8D.E0.A4.B2.E0.A5.87.E0.A4.82_.E0.A4.B8.E0.A4.BE.E0.A4.B9.E0.A4.BF.E0.A4.A4.E0.A5.8D.E0.A4.AF"></span>आर्विल्लें साहित्य</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8&action=edit&section=4" title="विभाग संपादन: आर्विल्लें साहित्य"><span>बदल</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>एकुणिसाव्या शेंकडयाच्या उत्तरार्धांत शिनासी,झियापाशा आनी नामिक केमाल ह्या साहित्यिकांनी परंपरेन चलत आयिल्ले साहित्य विशय सोडून नवे विशय तुर्की साहित्यांत आर्विल्ल्पण हाडलें. ह्याच आर्विल्ल्या साहित्यिकांच्या ,विसाव्या शेंकडायांतले दुसरे पिळगेंत एककरेम,अब्दूल हक हमीद हांचो आस्पाव जाता.कांय काळ भारतांत वास्तव्य केल्ल्यान अब्दूल हक हमीद हाणें जुहर-ए-हिंदी आनी हिंदुस्थानकी ओदम ही काव्यां बयरलीं.आपले मेल्ले बायलेचेर बरयल्ली मकबर ही ताची सगळ्यांत उत्कृश्ट काव्यरचना.एकरेम हाचोय मरण होच काव्याचो मुखेल विश्य आशिल्लो.एकरेम हाच्या फुडारपणाखाला सरवते फुनुन ह्या नांवाची साहित्यीक चळवळ सरवते फुनुन नांवाच्या एका वाड.मयीन नेमाळयाच्या नांवावयल्यान सुरु जाली.हे चळवळींत तेवफीक फिकरत,जनाब शहाबुध्दीन आनी जलाल साहिर हे कांय मुखेल साहित्यीक प्रतिनिधी आशिल्ले.तेवफीक हो गटांतलो सगळ्यांत श्रेष्ठ असो कवी महमद आकिफ,झिया गोकल्प. सालिह झकी.अहमद हाशिम,मुहंमद एमीन,रिझा तेवफीक,याह्या केमाल हे ह्याच काळांतले नामनेचे कवी,ओहरान सैफी ओरहॉन,फारुक नाफीज,चाम्लीबले,एनीस बेहिच कोरयुरेक,हालित फेहरी ओझनसोय ह्या कवींचे अक्षरगणवृत्तांचेर प्रभृत्व आशिल्लें.विसाव्या शेंकडयाच्या पयल्या अर्दांत मुहीब दृरानाज,अहमद हमदी तानापिनार,जाहीर सिदकी तांरजी हाणी उर्बेभरीत कविता बरयल्यो.नाझिम हिकमत रन हाणें मुक्तकाव्याक आरंभ करुन साम्यवादाचो पुरस्कार केलो.नेजीब फाजिल आनी बेहजेट नेजातिगिल हांच्या काव्यांनी जिज्ञासू वृत्ती दिसता. </p><p>बेदरी रहमी अय्युब ओगलू,ओरहान वेली कानिक,ओकताय रिफत,जाहित कुलेबी,सलाह बिरसेल हांची दुसऱ्या म्हाझुजा उपरांत एक पिळगी तयार जाली.1955 वर्सासावन नववा.डमयीन प्रवृत्तींची सुरवात जाली.इलहान बर्क,आतिला इलहान,तुरगुत उयर,एदीब जानसेवर ,जेमाल सुरैय्या हाणीं ह्या प्रवृत्तींचेर आदारीत काव्य लिखाण केलें. </p><p>शिनासी आनी ताचे वांगडी झियापाशा आनी नामिक केमाल हाणीं तुर्किंत कादंबरी आनी नाटक अशे नवे युरोवपी साहित्यप्रकार हाडले.1860 वर्सासावन शिनासीचे लेख नेमाळयांतल्यान उजवाडाक येवंक लागले.तेन्नासावन तुर्की गद्य साहित्याक नवो नेट आयलो.तुर्कींत पयलीं कारागोझ नांवाचें छायानाटय तशेंच ओर्ता ओयुनु नांवाचो उकत्या माटवांत जावपी नाटयप्रकार आशिल्लो. </p><p>शिनासीन शायर एव्हलेन मेसी ह्या नांवाचें पयलें आर्विल्लें नाटक लोकभाशेंत बरयलें.नामिक केमालचें वतन हें पयलें क्रांतिकारक नाटक 1873 वर्सा माचयेर आयलें.ताचें दुसरें एक इतिहासीक नाटक जुलालुद्दीन ख्वारझम शाह हें उर्दुंत अणकारीत जालां.अहमद वेफीक पाशान मोलियेर ह्या फ्रँच नाटककाराचे धर्तेचेर नाटकां बरयलीं,अलीबेग हाचें अय्यार हमजा हें नाटकूय मोलियेराच्या त्याच कादंबरी त्याच नांवाचे फ्रेंच कादंबरीवेल्यान अणकारीत केली.नामिकची इन्तिबाह ही तुर्कींतली पयली कादंबरी.1889 वर्सा उजवाडा आयिल्ली एकरेमची अरवा सेवदासी ही कादंबरी उल्लेख करपासारकी. </p><p>हमीद हाणें एशबर ,नेसतेरेम आनी दुखतरे हिंदू फिनतेन हीं नाटकां बयरलीं.दुखतरे हिंदू ह्या नाटकांत ताणें ब्रिटिशांनी भारतांत केल्ल्या छळवादाचें आनी अत्याचारांचें चित्रण बरयल्यो,हेच शैलीचेर हालिद झिया हाणें माइ आनी सियाह अशेक मामनु ह्यो दोन कादंबऱ्यो बरयल्यो.ताणें कांय लघुकथाय बरयल्यो.उमर सेयेफेदीन हो लेखक सुगम भाशेचो पुस्कर्तो आशिल्लो. </p><p>विसाव्या शेंकडयाच्या उत्तरार्धांत याकुब कदरी,रफीफ हालिद कराय,हालिद एदिब हाणीं आपल्या कादंबऱ्यानी अनातोलीयातले जिणेचें चित्रण केला.याकुब कदरी हाच्यो किरालिक कोनुक ,नुरबाबा आनी याबान ह्यो कादंबऱ्यो प्रसिध्द आसात.हालिदे एदिब हे कांदबरीकार लेखिकेन आपल्या सुरवातीच्या कादंबऱ्यांतल्यान राश्ट्रवादी चळवळीचें चित्रण करुन शिक्षीत बायलांचे प्रस्न हाताळळें.तिणें दोनेर –आयना,तशेंच इंगलीश कादंबरी क्लाऊन अँड हीझ डॉक्टर ह्यो कादंबऱ्यो बरयल्यो,रेशाद नूरी हाणें उंचेल्या दर्जाच्यो कादंबऱ्यो बरयल्यो. </p><p>कादंबरी प्रकाराचो विस्तार करपांत सबाहद्दीन अली आनी सइत फाईक हे मुखेल आसात,इइत फाईकच्या कथाझेल्यांत लुसुमसुझ आदम, कुम्पानिया, हवुजबाशी आनी आलेम दागिंदावर बिर यिलान ह्यो उल्लेख करपादारक्यो कादंबऱ्यो बरयल्यो. इहलान टारुस, केमाल ताहिर, टरहन केमाल,समीम कोजगोझ,जेंगीझ दागजी,यशर केमाल.तालिब अपायदीन,फकीर बायकुर्त, मेहमूद यकाल हे नवे पिळगेंतले कांय नामनेचे कादंबरीकार,सबोहेद्दीन एय्युब ओगुल आनी सलाह बिरसेल हे श्रेष्ठ दर्याचे आर्विल्ले निबंधकार,रुशेन एशरेफ हाची खबरेकार म्हणून आनी नुरुल्ला अताच हाची साहित्य समिक्षम म्हणून नामना आसा.विनोदी लेखकांभितर अर्जुमंद एकरेम,अझीझ नेसीम हांचो उल्लेख करचो पडटा. </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">"<a dir="ltr" href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=तुर्की_भास&oldid=202769">https://gom.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=तुर्की_भास&oldid=202769</a>" चे कडल्यान परतून मेळयलें</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a 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