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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">flytta till sidofältet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">dölj</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inledning</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Skrivelser" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Skrivelser"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Skrivelser</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Skrivelser-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Förhistoria_och_öppnande" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Förhistoria_och_öppnande"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Förhistoria och öppnande</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Förhistoria_och_öppnande-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Debatten_om_ofelbarhetsdogmen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Debatten_om_ofelbarhetsdogmen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Debatten om ofelbarhetsdogmen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Debatten_om_ofelbarhetsdogmen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Källor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Källor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Källor</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Källor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externa_länkar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externa_länkar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Externa länkar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externa_länkar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innehåll" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Växla innehållsförteckningen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Växla innehållsförteckningen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Första Vatikankonciliet</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå till en artikel på ett annat språk. Tillgänglig på 50 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-50" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">50 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erstes_Vatikanisches_Konzil" title="Erstes Vatikanisches Konzil – schweizertyska" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Erstes Vatikanisches Konzil" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="schweizertyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%B9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%84" title="المجمع الفاتيكاني الأول – arabiska" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="المجمع الفاتيكاني الأول" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conceyu_Vaticanu_I" title="Conceyu Vaticanu I – asturiska" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Conceyu Vaticanu I" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concili_Vatic%C3%A0_I" title="Concili Vaticà I – katalanska" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Concili Vaticà I" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prvn%C3%AD_vatik%C3%A1nsk%C3%BD_koncil" title="První vatikánský koncil – tjeckiska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="První vatikánský koncil" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tjeckiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyngor_Cyntaf_y_Fatican" title="Cyngor Cyntaf y Fatican – walesiska" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Cyngor Cyntaf y Fatican" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="walesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%B8rste_Vatikankoncil" title="Første Vatikankoncil – danska" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Første Vatikankoncil" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erstes_Vatikanisches_Konzil" title="Erstes Vatikanisches Konzil – tyska" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Erstes Vatikanisches Konzil" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vatikani_I_kirikukogu" title="Vatikani I kirikukogu – estniska" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Vatikani I kirikukogu" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CF%81%CF%8E%CF%84%CE%B7_%CE%A3%CF%8D%CE%BD%CE%BF%CE%B4%CE%BF%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%92%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%8D" title="Πρώτη Σύνοδος του Βατικανού – grekiska" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πρώτη Σύνοδος του Βατικανού" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grekiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Vatican_Council" title="First Vatican Council – engelska" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="First Vatican Council" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concilio_Vaticano_I" title="Concilio Vaticano I – spanska" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Concilio Vaticano I" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unua_Vatikana_koncilio" title="Unua Vatikana koncilio – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Unua Vatikana koncilio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vatikanoko_I._kontzilioa" title="Vatikanoko I. kontzilioa – baskiska" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Vatikanoko I. kontzilioa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84_%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86" title="شورای اول واتیکان – persiska" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شورای اول واتیکان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premier_concile_%C5%93cum%C3%A9nique_du_Vatican" title="Premier concile œcuménique du Vatican – franska" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Premier concile œcuménique du Vatican" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Ch%C3%A9ad_Chomhairle_Vatac%C3%A1nach" title="An Chéad Chomhairle Vatacánach – iriska" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Chéad Chomhairle Vatacánach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="iriska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concilio_Vaticano_Primeiro" title="Concilio Vaticano Primeiro – galiciska" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Concilio Vaticano Primeiro" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%9C1%EC%B0%A8_%EB%B0%94%ED%8B%B0%EC%B9%B8_%EA%B3%B5%EC%9D%98%ED%9A%8C" title="제1차 바티칸 공의회 – koreanska" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="제1차 바티칸 공의회" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prvi_vatikanski_sabor" title="Prvi vatikanski sabor – kroatiska" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Prvi vatikanski sabor" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konsili_Vatikan_I" title="Konsili Vatikan I – indonesiska" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Konsili Vatikan I" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concilio_Vaticano_I" title="Concilio Vaticano I – italienska" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Concilio Vaticano I" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italienska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konsili_Vatikan_I" title="Konsili Vatikan I – javanesiska" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Konsili Vatikan I" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mtaguso_wa_kwanza_wa_Vatikano" title="Mtaguso wa kwanza wa Vatikano – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Mtaguso wa kwanza wa Vatikano" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concilium_Vaticanum_Primum" title="Concilium Vaticanum Primum – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Concilium Vaticanum Primum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89ischte_Vatikanesche_Konzil" title="Éischte Vatikanesche Konzil – luxemburgiska" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Éischte Vatikanesche Konzil" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburgiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vatikano_I_susirinkimas" title="Vatikano I susirinkimas – litauiska" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Vatikano I susirinkimas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litauiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Els%C5%91_vatik%C3%A1ni_zsinat" title="Első vatikáni zsinat – ungerska" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Első vatikáni zsinat" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungerska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B4nsily_Vatik%C3%A0na_I" title="Kônsily Vatikàna I – malagassiska" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Kônsily Vatikàna I" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malagassiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%B9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%89_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84" title="المجمع الفاتيكانى الاول – egyptisk arabiska" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="المجمع الفاتيكانى الاول" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="egyptisk arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Majlis_Vatikan_Pertama" title="Majlis Vatikan Pertama – malajiska" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Majlis Vatikan Pertama" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eerste_Vaticaans_Concilie" title="Eerste Vaticaans Concilie – nederländska" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Eerste Vaticaans Concilie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AC%AC1%E3%83%90%E3%83%81%E3%82%AB%E3%83%B3%E5%85%AC%E4%BC%9A%E8%AD%B0" title="第1バチカン公会議 – japanska" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="第1バチカン公会議" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%B8rste_Vatikankonsil" title="Første Vatikankonsil – norskt bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Første Vatikankonsil" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norskt bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sob%C3%B3r_watyka%C5%84ski_I" title="Sobór watykański I – polska" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Sobór watykański I" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conc%C3%ADlio_Vaticano_I" title="Concílio Vaticano I – portugisiska" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Concílio Vaticano I" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conciliul_Vatican_I" title="Conciliul Vatican I – rumänska" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Conciliul Vatican I" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumänska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Первый Ватиканский собор – ryska" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Первый Ватиканский собор" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ryska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prv%C3%BD_vatik%C3%A1nsky_koncil" title="Prvý vatikánsky koncil – slovakiska" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Prvý vatikánsky koncil" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prvi_vatikanski_koncil" title="Prvi vatikanski koncil – slovenska" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Prvi vatikanski koncil" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prvi_vatikanski_sabor" title="Prvi vatikanski sabor – serbiska" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Prvi vatikanski sabor" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prvi_vatikanski_sabor" title="Prvi vatikanski sabor – serbokroatiska" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Prvi vatikanski sabor" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vatikaanin_ensimm%C3%A4inen_kirkolliskokous" title="Vatikaanin ensimmäinen kirkolliskokous – finska" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Vatikaanin 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id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sv" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:ROME_8_DECEMBRE_1869_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/ROME_8_DECEMBRE_1869_cropped.jpg/250px-ROME_8_DECEMBRE_1869_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/ROME_8_DECEMBRE_1869_cropped.jpg/375px-ROME_8_DECEMBRE_1869_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/ROME_8_DECEMBRE_1869_cropped.jpg/500px-ROME_8_DECEMBRE_1869_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="515" data-file-height="352" /></a><figcaption>Konciliets högtidliga invigning, 8 december 1869.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Dechamps_malines.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Dechamps_malines.jpg/250px-Dechamps_malines.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="349" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Dechamps_malines.jpg/375px-Dechamps_malines.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Dechamps_malines.jpg/500px-Dechamps_malines.jpg 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Den belgiske biskopen <a href="/wiki/Victor_Auguste_Dechamps" title="Victor Auguste Dechamps">Victor Auguste Dechamps</a> var en av konciliets ledande <a href="/wiki/Ultramontanism" title="Ultramontanism">ultramontanister</a>. 1875 upphöjde påven honom till kardinal.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Engraving_of_First_Vatican_Council.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Engraving_of_First_Vatican_Council.jpg/250px-Engraving_of_First_Vatican_Council.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Engraving_of_First_Vatican_Council.jpg/375px-Engraving_of_First_Vatican_Council.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Engraving_of_First_Vatican_Council.jpg/500px-Engraving_of_First_Vatican_Council.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1128" data-file-height="701" /></a><figcaption>Konciliet pågår i <a href="/wiki/Peterskyrkan" title="Peterskyrkan">Peterskyrkan</a>. Pius IX på upphöjd tron.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Första Vatikankonciliet</b> (<a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">latin</a> <i>Concilium Vaticanum primum</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-ugglan-817_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ugglan-817-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> var <a href="/wiki/Romersk-katolska_kyrkan" title="Romersk-katolska kyrkan">romersk-katolska kyrkans</a> 20:e allmänna <a href="/wiki/Kyrkom%C3%B6te" title="Kyrkomöte">kyrkomöte</a>. Det öppnades den <a href="/wiki/8_december" title="8 december">8 december</a> <a href="/wiki/1869" title="1869">1869</a> av påven <a href="/wiki/Pius_IX" title="Pius IX">Pius IX</a> och avslutades i förtid den <a href="/wiki/20_oktober" title="20 oktober">20 oktober</a> <a href="/wiki/1870" title="1870">1870</a><sup id="cite_ref-ce-inledning_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ce-inledning-2"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> sedan <a href="/wiki/Italien" title="Italien">italienska</a> <a href="/wiki/Trupper" class="mw-redirect" title="Trupper">trupper</a> intagit <a href="/wiki/Rom" title="Rom">Rom</a> och <a href="/wiki/Kyrkostaten" title="Kyrkostaten">Kyrkostaten</a> upplösts. </p><p>Konciliet ökade påvens makt genom att slå fast dogmen om <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A5vens_ofelbarhet" class="mw-redirect" title="Påvens ofelbarhet">påvens ofelbarhet</a> samt dogmen om hans <i>universalepiskopat</i>, vilket syftar på påvens rätt att ingripa i varje biskops sätt att leda sitt <a href="/wiki/Stift_(kyrkligt_f%C3%B6rvaltningsomr%C3%A5de)" title="Stift (kyrkligt förvaltningsområde)">stift</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ne-vat_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ne-vat-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ne-univ_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ne-univ-4"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Första Vatikankonciliet utgjorde ett hårt slag mot den <a href="/wiki/Gallikanismen" class="mw-redirect" title="Gallikanismen">gallikanska</a> rörelsen, som betonade enskilda nationella kyrkors relativa självständighet, genom att istället tydligt deklarera den <a href="/wiki/Ultramontanism" title="Ultramontanism">ultramontana</a> positionen.<sup id="cite_ref-eb-gallicanism_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eb-gallicanism-5"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kyrkomötet behandlade särskilt (1) frågor om <a href="/wiki/Uppenbarelse" title="Uppenbarelse">uppenbarelsen</a> och dess förhållande till förnuftet, (2) <a href="/wiki/Ecklesiologi" title="Ecklesiologi">ecklesiologin</a>, det vill säga läran om kyrkans väsen. Konciliet antog två konstitutioner: <i>Dei Filius</i> och <i>Pastor aeternus</i>. Påvens främsta syfte med konciliet var att hantera de riktningar i tiden, <a href="/wiki/Rationalism" title="Rationalism">rationalism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Liberalism" title="Liberalism">liberalism</a> och <a href="/wiki/Materialism" title="Materialism">materialism</a>, som han såg som problem.<sup id="cite_ref-eb-vat1_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eb-vat1-6"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Skrivelser">Skrivelser</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=F%C3%B6rsta_Vatikankonciliet&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitt: Skrivelser" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=F%C3%B6rsta_Vatikankonciliet&action=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Skrivelser"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Dei Filius</i> var konciliets första dogmatisk konstitution (särskilt auktoritativt lärodokument) riktad mot rationalism, materialism och <a href="/wiki/Ateism" title="Ateism">ateism</a>. Skrivelsen behandlar frågan om tron och logiken,<sup id="cite_ref-eb-vat1_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eb-vat1-6"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> om <a href="/wiki/Uppenbarelsen" class="mw-redirect" title="Uppenbarelsen">uppenbarelsen</a> och dess förhållande till det mänskliga förnuftet. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Jane_Fortescue_Seymour_Portrait_drawing_of_the_very_Rev._John_Henry_Newman.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Jane_Fortescue_Seymour_Portrait_drawing_of_the_very_Rev._John_Henry_Newman.jpg/250px-Jane_Fortescue_Seymour_Portrait_drawing_of_the_very_Rev._John_Henry_Newman.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="328" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Jane_Fortescue_Seymour_Portrait_drawing_of_the_very_Rev._John_Henry_Newman.jpg/375px-Jane_Fortescue_Seymour_Portrait_drawing_of_the_very_Rev._John_Henry_Newman.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Jane_Fortescue_Seymour_Portrait_drawing_of_the_very_Rev._John_Henry_Newman.jpg/500px-Jane_Fortescue_Seymour_Portrait_drawing_of_the_very_Rev._John_Henry_Newman.jpg 2x" data-file-width="692" data-file-height="908" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/John_Henry_Newman" title="John Henry Newman">John Henry Newman</a> var på förhand oroad över tanken på en ofelbarhetsdogmen och dess aggressiva förespråkare, men försvarade den lojalt när den väl var proklamerad och var nöjd med att dess omfattning var så begränsad. Den protestantiska uppfattningen om dogmens betydelse och verkningar syntes honom starkt överdriven. En av hans mest berömda böcker, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Letter_to_the_Duke_of_Norfolk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Letter to the Duke of Norfolk [inte skriven än]">Letter to the Duke of Norfolk</a></i>, är ett försvar för katolicismen mot en protestantisk vrångbild av katoliken som förslavad under påven. Newman menade att det inte fanns någon motsättning mellan ofelbarhetsdogmen och individens eget samvete. Härifrån kommer Newman-citatet <i>"Certainly, if I am obliged to bring religion into any dinner toasts (which indeed does not seem quite the thing) I shall drink - to the Pope, if you please - still, to Conscience first, and to the Pope afterwards."</i><sup id="cite_ref-ce-2c_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ce-2c-7"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ford_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ford-8"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Pio_IX_Saint_Peter_Square_1870.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Pio_IX_Saint_Peter_Square_1870.jpg/250px-Pio_IX_Saint_Peter_Square_1870.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Pio_IX_Saint_Peter_Square_1870.jpg/375px-Pio_IX_Saint_Peter_Square_1870.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Pio_IX_Saint_Peter_Square_1870.jpg/500px-Pio_IX_Saint_Peter_Square_1870.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2597" data-file-height="1509" /></a><figcaption>Pius IX välsignar sina trupper, 25 april 1870. Konciliet kom att hållas medan Europa var på väg in i krig. I september intog Italien Rom vilket innebar slutet på <a href="/wiki/Kyrkostaten" title="Kyrkostaten">Kyrkostaten</a> och gjorde det definitvt omöjligt att slutföra konciliet.</figcaption></figure> <p><i>Pastor aeternus</i> (ung. "Den evige herden") är konciliets andra dogmatiska konstitution. I likhet med alla högtidliga romerska dokument är den namngiven efter skrivelsens inledande ord. Dokumentet avhandlade frågan om påvens auktoritet.<sup id="cite_ref-eb-vat1_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eb-vat1-6"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Skrivelsen slog fast att påven har kyrkans högsta auktoritet, Till skillnad från <a href="/wiki/Konciliet_i_Florens" title="Konciliet i Florens">Konciliet i Florens</a> (1431-1445) utsaga säger <i>Pastor aeternus</i> att påvens auktoritet även står över <a href="/wiki/Koncilium" class="mw-redirect" title="Koncilium">koncilierna</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-eb-rc-early_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eb-rc-early-9"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Skrivelsen fastställde också den ofta missförstådda läran om <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A5vens_ofelbarhet" class="mw-redirect" title="Påvens ofelbarhet">påvens ofelbarhet</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Förhistoria_och_öppnande"><span id="F.C3.B6rhistoria_och_.C3.B6ppnande"></span>Förhistoria och öppnande</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=F%C3%B6rsta_Vatikankonciliet&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitt: Förhistoria och öppnande" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=F%C3%B6rsta_Vatikankonciliet&action=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Förhistoria och öppnande"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Första vatikankonciliet var det första ekumeniska konciliet sedan <a href="/wiki/Tridentinska_kyrkom%C3%B6tet" title="Tridentinska kyrkomötet">Tridentinska kyrkomötet</a> (1545-1563). Pius IX nämnde förslaget ett sådant koncilium första gången 1864.<sup id="cite_ref-ugglan-817_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ugglan-817-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ce-1a_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ce-1a-10"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mötet förbereddes genom en central kommission, bildad 1865<sup id="cite_ref-ce-1a_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ce-1a-10"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> och senare flera underkommissioner<sup id="cite_ref-ugglan-817_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ugglan-817-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-eb-vat1_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eb-vat1-6"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kommissionerna bestod huvudsakligen bestående av medlemmar av <a href="/wiki/Kurian" title="Kurian">kurian</a> och förberedde arbetsdokument benämnda <i>schemata</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-eb-vat1_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eb-vat1-6"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kallelsen till konciliet skickades ut 29 juni 1868. Särskilda inbjudningar skickades också ut till de ortodoxa kyrkorna och till protestanterna; de sistnämnda uppmanades också att använda tillfället till att reflektera över att återvända till fadershuset.<sup id="cite_ref-ce-1a_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ce-1a-10"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Omkring 1050 delegater, huvudsakligen biskopar, hade rätt att närvara vid konciliet.<sup id="cite_ref-eb-vat1_6-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eb-vat1-6"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Till konciliets högtidliga öppnande på utsatt dag kom 716. Ytterligare några anslöt senare, så att antalet delegater som närvarat under någon del av konciliet blev 774<sup id="cite_ref-ce-2a_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ce-2a-11"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, samtidigt som mest 764. Den icke-katolska, ekumeniska uppslutningen var mager.<sup id="cite_ref-ugglan-818_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ugglan-818-12"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Debatten_om_ofelbarhetsdogmen">Debatten om ofelbarhetsdogmen</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=F%C3%B6rsta_Vatikankonciliet&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitt: Debatten om ofelbarhetsdogmen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=F%C3%B6rsta_Vatikankonciliet&action=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Debatten om ofelbarhetsdogmen"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Antagandet av ofelbarhetsdogmen föregicks av lång och intensiv debatt, såväl före som under själva konciliet.<sup id="cite_ref-eb-vat1_6-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eb-vat1-6"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Inbjudningen till konciliet hade väckt oro för just en sådan utveckling särskilt i Frankrike, Tyskland och England och konciliet föregicks av att biskopar som <a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Maret&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Henry Maret [inte skriven än]">Henry Maret</a> i Paris och <a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9lix_Dupanloup" title="Félix Dupanloup">Félix Dupanloup</a> av Orleans gav ut skrifter som argumenterade emot en sådan dogmutveckling, som besvarades av andra med motsatt mening såsom ärkebiskop <a href="/wiki/Victor_Auguste_Dechamps" title="Victor Auguste Dechamps">Victor Auguste Dechamps</a> av Mechlin i Belgien.<sup id="cite_ref-ce-1b_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ce-1b-13"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Felixdupanloup.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Felixdupanloup.jpg/250px-Felixdupanloup.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="308" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Felixdupanloup.jpg/375px-Felixdupanloup.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b6/Felixdupanloup.jpg 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="591" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Felix_Dupanloup" class="mw-redirect" title="Felix Dupanloup">Felix Dupanloup</a>, biskop av Orleans i Frankrike, betraktas som en måttfull kyrkopolitiker. Han argumenterade emot den påvliga ofelbarhetsdogmen både före och under konciliet, men var efteråt snabb att godta den.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Franz_von_Lenbach_-_Portr%C3%A4t_Ignaz_von_D%C3%B6llinger_(1878).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Franz_von_Lenbach_-_Portr%C3%A4t_Ignaz_von_D%C3%B6llinger_%281878%29.jpg/250px-Franz_von_Lenbach_-_Portr%C3%A4t_Ignaz_von_D%C3%B6llinger_%281878%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="321" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Franz_von_Lenbach_-_Portr%C3%A4t_Ignaz_von_D%C3%B6llinger_%281878%29.jpg/375px-Franz_von_Lenbach_-_Portr%C3%A4t_Ignaz_von_D%C3%B6llinger_%281878%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Franz_von_Lenbach_-_Portr%C3%A4t_Ignaz_von_D%C3%B6llinger_%281878%29.jpg/500px-Franz_von_Lenbach_-_Portr%C3%A4t_Ignaz_von_D%C3%B6llinger_%281878%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1312" data-file-height="1682" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ignaz_von_D%C3%B6llinger" title="Ignaz von Döllinger">Ignaz von Döllinger</a>, teologiprofessor i München, kunde inte godta ofelbarhetsdogmen och ledde en grupp om 44 teologer på universitetet i München, som skrev en protestskrift mot dogmen. Hans ärkebiskop <a href="/wiki/Exkommunicering" class="mw-redirect" title="Exkommunicering">exkommunicerade</a> honom. von Döllinger kom att bli betydelsefull för de <a href="/wiki/Gammalkatoliker" class="mw-redirect" title="Gammalkatoliker">gammalkatolska</a> kyrkornas tillväxt, trots att han aldrig själv gick med i någon gammalkatolsk kyrka.</figcaption></figure> <p>Det textförslag som låg till grund för <i>Pastor aeternus</i> hette <i>Schema de ecclesia Christi</i> (Om Kristi kyrka) och hade ursprungligen inte innehållit några särskilda formuleringar om påvens ofelbarhet, men ett sådant lades till under konciliets gång<sup id="cite_ref-eb-vat1_6-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eb-vat1-6"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ugglan-818_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ugglan-818-12"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ugglan-819_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ugglan-819-14"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> efter förslag och petitioner från koncilieledamöter.<sup id="cite_ref-ce-2c_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ce-2c-7"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Större delen av konciliets ledamöter var för förslaget. Den minoritet som var emot menade att påvens ofelberhet var ett ämne som inte lämnade sig för formell definition<sup id="cite_ref-eb-vat1_6-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eb-vat1-6"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> och var rädda för att en ofelbarhetsdogm skulle leda till ökad splittring inom kyrkan, att den skulle få människor att lämna tron och få de som redan levde utanför den att känna sig ännu mer främmande för den, samt krångla till relationerna med olika nationella regeringar.<sup id="cite_ref-ce-2a_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ce-2a-11"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-eb-rc-pius_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eb-rc-pius-15"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ofelbarhetsdogmen debatterades även utanför själva konciliet. Hårdast emot argumenterade professor <a href="/wiki/Ignaz_von_D%C3%B6llinger" title="Ignaz von Döllinger">Ignaz von Döllinger</a> i Bayern.<sup id="cite_ref-ce-2c_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ce-2c-7"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Den första omröstningen den 13 juli om hela <i>Schema de ecclesia</i> fick till resultat av 601 röstande 451 ja, 62 ja med vissa förbehåll och 88 nej. Fem ledamöter var frånvarande vid omröstningen.<sup id="cite_ref-ce-2c_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ce-2c-7"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ugglan-820_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ugglan-820-16"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Påven försökte uppnå större enighet genom att påpeka sin egen önskan att förslaget skulle antas.<sup id="cite_ref-ugglan-820_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ugglan-820-16"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> På grund av det bekymmersamma politiska läget med hotande krig mellan Tyskland och Frankrike åkte konciliefäder från båda lägren hem. Strax före den fjärde och sista offentliga sessionen åkte en stor andel av de som var emot förslaget hem,<sup id="cite_ref-ce-2c_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ce-2c-7"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> varför mötet till den fjärde sessionen bestod av 535 ledamöter varav endast två röstade uttryckligen nej.<sup id="cite_ref-ugglan-820_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ugglan-820-16"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Efter antagandet av ofelbarhetsdogmen fick delegaterna lämna Rom i ett par månaders sommaruppehåll. Under tiden bröt det <a href="/wiki/Fransk-tyska_kriget" title="Fransk-tyska kriget">fransk-tyska kriget</a> ut, och Frankrike kunde inte längre skydda Rom militärt. Staden invaderades av italienska trupper och fortsatt koncilium omöjliggjordes. När Pius IX den 20 oktober 1870 förklarade konciliet upplöst hade man bara hunnit med en bråkdel av det arbete som ursprungligen planerats.<sup id="cite_ref-eb-vat1_6-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eb-vat1-6"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>En del av de som inte kunde acceptera dogmen om påvens ofelbarhet lämnade Romersk-katolska kyrkan och utgör en del av de <a href="/wiki/Gammalkatoliker" class="mw-redirect" title="Gammalkatoliker">gammalkatolska</a> kyrkorna.<sup id="cite_ref-eb-rc-pius_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eb-rc-pius-15"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Källor"><span id="K.C3.A4llor"></span>Källor</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=F%C3%B6rsta_Vatikankonciliet&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitt: Källor" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=F%C3%B6rsta_Vatikankonciliet&action=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Källor"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Catholic_Encyclopedia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Catholic Encyclopedia [inte skriven än]">Catholic Encyclopedia</a></i>, artikeln <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia_(1913)/Vatican_Council">Vatican Council</a> av Joseph Maria Konrad Kirch (engelska)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_Britannica" class="mw-redirect" title="Encyclopedia Britannica">Encyclopedia Britannica</a>,</i> nätupplagan. Artiklarna First Vatican Council, Gallicanism, Roman Catholicism (engelska)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://runeberg.org/nfck/0429.html">Vatikankonciliet</a> i <i><a href="/wiki/Nordisk_familjebok" title="Nordisk familjebok">Nordisk familjebok</a></i> (andra upplagan, 1921) av <a href="/wiki/John_Personne" title="John Personne">John Personne</a>, biskop i Linköpings stift</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ne.se/första">vatikankonciliet <i>vatikankoncilier</i></a> i <i><a href="/wiki/Nationalencyklopedin" title="Nationalencyklopedin">Nationalencyklopedins</a></i> nätupplaga.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ne.se/första">vatikankonciliet <i>universalepiskopat</i></a> i <i><a href="/wiki/Nationalencyklopedin" title="Nationalencyklopedin">Nationalencyklopedins</a></i> nätupplaga.</li> <li>Ford, John T: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.crvp.org/book/Series07/VII-21/chapter-4.htm">Country, Church And Conscience: John Henry Newman Versus William Ewart Gladstone</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130702052028/http://www.crvp.org/book/Series07/VII-21/chapter-4.htm">arkivlänk</a>) (engelska)</li></ul> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ugglan-817-1">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-ugglan-817_1-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ugglan-817_1-1"><small>b</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ugglan-817_1-2"><small>c</small></a>] <span class="reference-text">Nordisk familjebok, spalt 817</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ce-inledning-2"><a href="#cite_ref-ce-inledning_2-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text">Catholic Encyclopedia, inledning</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ne-vat-3"><a href="#cite_ref-ne-vat_3-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text">NE: vatikankoncilier</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ne-univ-4"><a href="#cite_ref-ne-univ_4-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text">NE: universalepiskopat</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-eb-gallicanism-5"><a href="#cite_ref-eb-gallicanism_5-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text">Britannica: Gallicanism</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-eb-vat1-6">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-eb-vat1_6-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-eb-vat1_6-1"><small>b</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-eb-vat1_6-2"><small>c</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-eb-vat1_6-3"><small>d</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-eb-vat1_6-4"><small>e</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-eb-vat1_6-5"><small>f</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-eb-vat1_6-6"><small>g</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-eb-vat1_6-7"><small>h</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-eb-vat1_6-8"><small>i</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-eb-vat1_6-9"><small>j</small></a>] <span class="reference-text">Britannica: First Vatican Council</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ce-2c-7">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-ce-2c_7-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ce-2c_7-1"><small>b</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ce-2c_7-2"><small>c</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ce-2c_7-3"><small>d</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ce-2c_7-4"><small>e</small></a>] <span class="reference-text">Catholic Encyclopedia, stycke IIC: "The Question of Papal Infallibility"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ford-8"><a href="#cite_ref-ford_8-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text">Ford: Country, Church And Conscience</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-eb-rc-early-9"><a href="#cite_ref-eb-rc-early_9-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text">Britannica: Roman Catholicism, stycket "Early-modern and modern views of papal authority"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ce-1a-10">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-ce-1a_10-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ce-1a_10-1"><small>b</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ce-1a_10-2"><small>c</small></a>] <span class="reference-text">Catholic Encyclopedia, stycke IA: "Previous to the Official Convocation"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ce-2a-11">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-ce-2a_11-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ce-2a_11-1"><small>b</small></a>] <span class="reference-text">Catholic Encyclopedia, stycke IIA: "Presiding Officers, Order of Procedure, Number of Members"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ugglan-818-12">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-ugglan-818_12-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ugglan-818_12-1"><small>b</small></a>] <span class="reference-text">Nordisk familjebok, spalt 818</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ce-1b-13"><a href="#cite_ref-ce-1b_13-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text">Catholic Encyclopedia, stycke IB: "Reception of the Promulgation"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ugglan-819-14"><a href="#cite_ref-ugglan-819_14-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text">Nordisk familjebok, spalt 819</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-eb-rc-pius-15">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-eb-rc-pius_15-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-eb-rc-pius_15-1"><small>b</small></a>] <span class="reference-text">Britannica: Roman Catholicism, stycket "Pius IX"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ugglan-820-16">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-ugglan-820_16-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ugglan-820_16-1"><small>b</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ugglan-820_16-2"><small>c</small></a>] <span class="reference-text">Nordisk familjebok, spalt 820</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Externa_länkar"><span id="Externa_l.C3.A4nkar"></span>Externa länkar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=F%C3%B6rsta_Vatikankonciliet&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Redigera avsnitt: Externa länkar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=F%C3%B6rsta_Vatikankonciliet&action=edit&section=5" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Externa länkar"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" 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