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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Issues_with_sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Issues_with_sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Issues with sources</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Issues_with_sources-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Issues with sources subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Issues_with_sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Is_the_article_worth_it?" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Is_the_article_worth_it?"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Is the article worth it?</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Is_the_article_worth_it?-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dates" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dates"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Dates</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dates-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Overarching_copyright_issues" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Overarching_copyright_issues"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Overarching copyright issues</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Overarching_copyright_issues-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Combined_message_boxes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Combined_message_boxes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Combined message boxes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Combined_message_boxes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Verifiability_and_sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Verifiability_and_sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Verifiability and sources</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Verifiability_and_sources-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Verifiability and sources subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Verifiability_and_sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Message_boxes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Message_boxes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Message boxes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Message_boxes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Individual_message_boxes:_Biographies_of_living_persons" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Individual_message_boxes:_Biographies_of_living_persons"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.1</span> <span>Individual message boxes: Biographies of living persons</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Individual_message_boxes:_Biographies_of_living_persons-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Individual_message_boxes:_Issues_with_citations_and_sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Individual_message_boxes:_Issues_with_citations_and_sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.2</span> <span>Individual message boxes: Issues with citations and sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Individual_message_boxes:_Issues_with_citations_and_sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Individual_message_boxes:_Issues_with_style_or_format" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Individual_message_boxes:_Issues_with_style_or_format"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.3</span> <span>Individual message boxes: Issues with style or format</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Individual_message_boxes:_Issues_with_style_or_format-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tags_inline_with_article_text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tags_inline_with_article_text"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Tags inline with article text</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tags_inline_with_article_text-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Links_for_search" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Links_for_search"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Links for search</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Links_for_search-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Including_third-party_content" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Including_third-party_content"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Including third-party content</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Including_third-party_content-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Including third-party content subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Including_third-party_content-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-United_States_federal_government_attribution_templates" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_States_federal_government_attribution_templates"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>United States federal government attribution templates</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_States_federal_government_attribution_templates-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_States_state_government_attribution_templates" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_States_state_government_attribution_templates"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>United States state government attribution templates</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_States_state_government_attribution_templates-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Other</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Other-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Other subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Other-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Public_domain" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_domain"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Public domain</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_domain-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Wikis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wikis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Wikis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wikis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Citations_of_specific_sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations_of_specific_sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Citations of specific sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations_of_specific_sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Citations_of_generic_sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations_of_generic_sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Citations of generic sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations_of_generic_sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Use_in_footnotes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Use_in_footnotes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Use in footnotes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Use_in_footnotes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Using_the_same_footnote_multiple_times" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Using_the_same_footnote_multiple_times"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Using the same footnote multiple times</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Using_the_same_footnote_multiple_times-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Using_multiple_pages_from_the_same_source" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Using_multiple_pages_from_the_same_source"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Using multiple pages from the same source</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Using_multiple_pages_from_the_same_source-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Creating_links_to_citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Creating_links_to_citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Creating links to citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Creating_links_to_citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Using_commas_rather_than_periods" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Using_commas_rather_than_periods"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Using commas rather than periods</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Using_commas_rather_than_periods-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Examples" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Examples"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>Examples</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Examples-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Harvard_reference_and_shortened_footnote_examples" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Harvard_reference_and_shortened_footnote_examples"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>Harvard reference and shortened footnote examples</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Harvard_reference_and_shortened_footnote_examples-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Variations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Variations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>Variations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Variations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Discussing_citations_on_talk_pages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Discussing_citations_on_talk_pages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">17</span> <span>Discussing citations on talk pages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Discussing_citations_on_talk_pages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">18</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">19</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-namespace">Wikipedia</span><span class="mw-page-title-separator">:</span><span class="mw-page-title-main">Template index/Sources of articles</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 14 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-14" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">14 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D9%82%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8_%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%84/%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="ويكيبيديا:قوالب رسائل/مصادر المقالات – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ويكيبيديا:قوالب رسائل/مصادر المقالات" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A7%B1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE:%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%81%E0%A6%9A_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%B9/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%B0_%E0%A6%89%E0%A7%8E%E0%A6%B8" title="ৱিকিপিডিয়া:সাঁচ বাৰ্তাসমূহ/প্ৰবন্ধৰ উৎস – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ৱিকিপিডিয়া:সাঁচ বাৰ্তাসমূহ/প্ৰবন্ধৰ উৎস" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE:%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9F/%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%89%E0%A7%8E%E0%A6%B8" title="উইকিপিডিয়া:বার্তা টেমপ্লেট/নিবন্ধের উৎস – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="উইকিপিডিয়া:বার্তা টেমপ্লেট/নিবন্ধের উৎস" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedie:%C5%A0ablony/Citace" title="Wikipedie:Šablony/Citace – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Wikipedie:Šablony/Citace" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aide:Mod%C3%A8les_li%C3%A9s_aux_sources" title="Aide:Modèles liés aux sources – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Aide:Modèles liés aux sources" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%90:%E1%83%97%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%AC%E1%83%A7%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="ვიკიპედია:თარგები/სტატიის წყაროები – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ვიკიპედია:თარგები/სტატიის წყაროები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_%E3%83%A1%E3%83%83%E3%82%BB%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B8/%E6%A4%9C%E8%A8%BC%E5%8F%AF%E8%83%BD%E6%80%A7" title="Wikipedia:Template メッセージ/検証可能性 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Wikipedia:Template メッセージ/検証可能性" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%82%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%97%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%8C%E1%9E%B6:%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A_%E1%9E%91%E1%9F%86%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%90%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%82%E1%9F%86%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%BC/%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%97%E1%9E%96%E1%9E%93%E1%9F%83%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%8F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%90%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%91" title="វិគីភីឌា:សារ ទំព័រគំរូ/ប្រភពនៃអត្ថបទ – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="វិគីភីឌា:សារ ទំព័រគំរូ/ប្រភពនៃអត្ថបទ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Szablony/%C5%B9r%C3%B3d%C5%82a_artyku%C5%82%C3%B3w" title="Wikipedia:Szablony/Źródła artykułów – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wikipedia:Szablony/Źródła artykułów" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedija:Predloge_za_sporo%C4%8Dila/Viri_za_%C4%8Dlanke" title="Wikipedija:Predloge za sporočila/Viri za članke – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Wikipedija:Predloge za sporočila/Viri za članke" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE:%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%88_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="விக்கிப்பீடியா:வார்ப்புருத் தகவல்கள்/கட்டுரை மூலங்கள் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="விக்கிப்பீடியா:வார்ப்புருத் தகவல்கள்/கட்டுரை மூலங்கள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:Template_messages/Sources_of_articles" title="వికీపీడియా:Template messages/Sources of articles – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="వికీపీడియా:Template messages/Sources of articles" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:%E4%BF%A1%E6%A8%A1/%E6%96%87%E7%AB%A0%E4%BE%86%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:信模/文章來源 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="Wikipedia:信模/文章來源" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a 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div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">WP:Citing sources</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Cleanup_resources" title="Wikipedia:Cleanup resources">WP:Cleanup resources</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable plainlinks selfreference noprint">"WP:CTT" redirects here. You may also be looking for information on the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Content_translation_tool" title="Wikipedia:Content translation tool">Content translation tool</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1252059228">.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutboxplain{float:right;margin:0 0 0 1em;border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);background-color:var(--background-color-base,#fff);padding:0.3em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;text-align:center;font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutboxleft{float:left;margin:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutlist{display:inline-block;border-bottom:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);margin-bottom:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutboxplain ul{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutanchordiv{position:relative;top:-3em}.mw-parser-output li .module-shortcutanchordiv{float:right}.mw-parser-output .mbox-imageright .module-shortcutboxplain{padding:0.4em 1em 0.4em 1em;line-height:1.3;margin:0}</style><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:CTT"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:CTT&redirect=no">WP:CTT</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <p>This page contains the following: </p> <ul><li>Issues with sources: this is for tagging issues with sources; they are either inline tags, or message boxes for sections or entire pages. You could also leave a note on the talk page asking for a source, or move the material to the talk page and ask for a source there. There are also some templates for search links to find sources. Transcluded from <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_messages/Cleanup/Verifiability_and_sources" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Template messages/Cleanup/Verifiability and sources">Wikipedia:Template messages/Cleanup/Verifiability and sources</a>.</li> <li>Including third-party content: these are templates for referencing content for some specific sources: United States government, public domain and wikis.</li> <li>Citations of specific sources: inline citation templates for a few specific sources.</li> <li>Citations of generic sources: general inline citation templates transcluded from <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_templates" title="Wikipedia:Citation templates">Wikipedia:Citation templates</a></li></ul> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc"/> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Issues_with_sources" data-mw-thread-id="h-Issues_with_sources"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Issues_with_sources"></span>Issues with sources<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Issues_with_sources"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Template_index/Sources_of_articles&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Issues with sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Is_the_article_worth_it?" data-mw-thread-id="h-Is_the_article_worth_it?-Issues_with_sources"><span id="Is_the_article_worth_it.3F"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Is_the_article_worth_it?-Issues_with_sources"></span>Is the article worth it?<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Is_the_article_worth_it?-Issues_with_sources"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Template_index/Sources_of_articles&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Is the article worth it?"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Before placing templates on a page it is worthwhile to consider whether it should in fact be included in Wikipedia according to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not" title="Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not">Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not</a>. Some articles can be tagged for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:SPEEDY" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:SPEEDY">speedy deletion</a> or marked as an <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:AFD" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:AFD">article for deletion</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dates" data-mw-thread-id="h-Dates-Issues_with_sources"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Dates-Issues_with_sources"></span>Dates<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Dates-Issues_with_sources"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Template_index/Sources_of_articles&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Dates"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><p> It is useful to add the date of the request (or sometimes, a bot will assist by doing it automatically) by appending |date=<i>month</i> <i>year</i> to the template code, like this: {{Unreferenced|date=November 2024}} to produce this: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style></p><table class="box-Unreferenced plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399"/></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Wikipedia:Template_index/Sources_of_articles" title="Special:EditPage/Wikipedia:Template index/Sources of articles">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.<br/><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Sources+of+articles%22">"Sources of articles"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Sources+of+articles%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Sources+of+articles%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Sources+of+articles%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Sources+of+articles%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Sources+of+articles%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Overarching_copyright_issues" data-mw-thread-id="h-Overarching_copyright_issues"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Overarching_copyright_issues"></span>Overarching copyright issues<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Overarching_copyright_issues"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Template_index/Sources_of_articles&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Overarching copyright issues"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Tag </th> <th width="100%">Text that will be shown (and usage notes) </th></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Copypaste" title="Template:Copypaste">copypaste</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><small><a href="/wiki/Category:Copied_and_pasted_articles_and_sections" title="Category:Copied and pasted articles and sections">category</a> </small><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:copypaste&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Copypaste" title="Template talk:Copypaste">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Copypaste&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Copypaste plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-speedy" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Copyright-problem_paste_2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/43/Copyright-problem_paste_2.svg/38px-Copyright-problem_paste_2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/43/Copyright-problem_paste_2.svg/57px-Copyright-problem_paste_2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/43/Copyright-problem_paste_2.svg/76px-Copyright-problem_paste_2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="113" data-file-height="119"/></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>may have been <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Copying_text_from_other_sources" title="Wikipedia:Copying text from other sources">copied and pasted</a> from another location, <i>possibly</i> in violation of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights" title="Wikipedia:Copyrights">Wikipedia's copyright policy</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please review the source and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_copyright_violations_101" title="Wikipedia:Text copyright violations 101">remedy this</a> by editing this article to remove any non-free copyrighted content and attributing free content correctly, or flagging the content for deletion. Please be sure that the supposed source of the copyright violation is not itself a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Mirrors_and_forks" title="Wikipedia:Mirrors and forks">Wikipedia mirror</a>.</span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Unattributed_translation" title="Template:Unattributed translation">unattributed translation</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><small><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_with_possible_unattributed_translations" title="Category:Wikipedia articles with possible unattributed translations">category</a> </small><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:unattributed_translation&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Unattributed_translation" title="Template talk:Unattributed translation">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Unattributed_translation&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unattributed_translation plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unattributed translation" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Copyright_portrait.png/55px-Copyright_portrait.png" decoding="async" width="55" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Copyright_portrait.png/83px-Copyright_portrait.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Copyright_portrait.png/110px-Copyright_portrait.png 2x" data-file-width="427" data-file-height="427"/></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">Content in this article appears to be <b>missing <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:CWW" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:CWW">required attribution</a></b> as a translation from <a href="/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias" title="List of Wikipedias">another Wikipedia</a>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> It may require <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:RIA" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:RIA">retroactive attribution</a> to comply with Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:COPYRIGHT" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:COPYRIGHT">licensing requirements</a>. See <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Copying_within_Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia:Copying within Wikipedia">Copying within Wikipedia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:RIA" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:RIA">Repairing insufficient attribution</a>.</span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Combined_message_boxes" data-mw-thread-id="h-Combined_message_boxes"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Combined_message_boxes"></span>Combined message boxes<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Combined_message_boxes"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Template_index/Sources_of_articles&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Combined message boxes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Tag </th> <th width="100%">Text that will be shown (and usage notes) — multiple issues (top of article) </th></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Multiple_issues" title="Template:Multiple issues">multiple issues</a>}}</span><br/> <p><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:Multiple_issues&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Multiple_issues" title="Template talk:Multiple issues">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Multiple_issues&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </p> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1248332772">.mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text{width:95%;margin:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text>.mw-collapsible-content{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox{border:none;border-collapse:collapse;background-color:transparent;margin:0 0 0 1.6em!important;padding:0!important;width:auto;display:block}body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox.mbox-small-left{font-size:100%;width:auto;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-text{padding:0!important;margin:0!important}.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-text-span{display:list-item;line-height:1.5em;list-style-type:disc}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text>.mw-collapsible-toggle,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-image,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-imageright,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-empty-cell,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .hide-when-compact{display:none}</style><table class="box-Multiple_issues plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-multiple_issues compact-ambox" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40"/></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><div class="multiple-issues-text mw-collapsible"><b>This article has multiple issues.</b> Please help <b><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Wikipedia:Template_index/Sources_of_articles" title="Special:EditPage/Wikipedia:Template index/Sources of articles">improve it</a></b> or discuss these issues on the <b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:Template_index/Sources_of_articles" title="Wikipedia talk:Template index/Sources of articles">talk page</a></b>. <small><i>(<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove these messages</a>)</i></small> <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-POV plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-POV" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Unbalanced_scales.svg/45px-Unbalanced_scales.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Unbalanced_scales.svg/68px-Unbalanced_scales.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Unbalanced_scales.svg/90px-Unbalanced_scales.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="354"/></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">The <b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view" title="Wikipedia:Neutral point of view">neutrality</a> of this article is <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NPOV_dispute" title="Wikipedia:NPOV dispute">disputed</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Relevant discussion may be found on the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:Template_index/Sources_of_articles##" title="Wikipedia talk:Template index/Sources of articles">talk page</a>. Please do not remove this message until <a href="/wiki/Template:POV#When_to_remove" title="Template:POV">conditions to do so are met</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2009</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-No_footnotes plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-No_footnotes" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/40px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/60px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/80px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48"/></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article includes a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">list of references</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Further_reading" title="Wikipedia:Further reading">related reading</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:External_links" title="Wikipedia:External links">external links</a>, <b>but its sources remain unclear because it lacks <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Inline_citations" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">inline citations</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fact_and_Reference_Check" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Fact and Reference Check">improve</a> this article by <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:When_to_cite" title="Wikipedia:When to cite">introducing</a> more precise citations.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">Aug 2010</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Self-published plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-self-published" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40"/></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>may contain excessive or inappropriate references to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Self-published_sources" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">self-published sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Template_index/Sources_of_articles&action=edit">improve it</a> by removing references to unreliable <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">sources</a> where they are used inappropriately.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2011</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-BLP_sources plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-BLP_sources" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40"/></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons" title="Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons">biography of a living person</a> <b>needs additional <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">citations</a> for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help by adding <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">reliable sources</a>. <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons#Remove_contentious_material_that_is_unsourced_or_poorly_sourced" title="Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons">Contentious material</a> about living persons that is unsourced or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources#Questionable_and_self-published_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">poorly sourced</a> <b>must be removed immediately</b> from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Libel" title="Wikipedia:Libel">libelous</a>.<br/><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Sources+of+articles%22">"Sources of articles"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Sources+of+articles%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Sources+of+articles%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Sources+of+articles%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Sources+of+articles%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Sources+of+articles%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2012</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" align="center"> <tbody><tr> <td align="center" style="background:#F2F2F2;"><b>Tag</b> </td> <td width="100%" align="center" style="background:#F2F2F2;"><b>Text that will be shown (and usage notes) — multiple issues (section)</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Multiple_issues" title="Template:Multiple issues">multiple issues</a>|section=yes}}</span><br/> <p><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:Multiple_issues&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Multiple_issues" title="Template talk:Multiple issues">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Multiple_issues&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </p> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1248332772"><table class="box-Multiple_issues plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-multiple_issues compact-ambox" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40"/></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><div class="multiple-issues-text mw-collapsible"><b>This section has multiple issues.</b> Please help <b><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Wikipedia:Template_index/Sources_of_articles" title="Special:EditPage/Wikipedia:Template index/Sources of articles">improve it</a></b> or discuss these issues on the <b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:Template_index/Sources_of_articles" title="Wikipedia talk:Template index/Sources of articles">talk page</a></b>. <small><i>(<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove these messages</a>)</i></small> <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399"/></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Wikipedia:Template_index/Sources_of_articles" title="Special:EditPage/Wikipedia:Template index/Sources of articles">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2008</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Disputed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-disputed" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/System-search.svg/45px-System-search.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/System-search.svg/68px-System-search.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/System-search.svg/90px-System-search.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48"/></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section's <b>factual accuracy is <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Accuracy_dispute" title="Wikipedia:Accuracy dispute">disputed</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Relevant discussion may be found on the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:Template_index/Sources_of_articles#Disputed" title="Wikipedia talk:Template index/Sources of articles">talk page</a>. Please help to ensure that disputed statements are <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">reliably sourced</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2009</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31"/></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs expansion</b> with: examples and additional citations. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Template_index/Sources_of_articles&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2012</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Verifiability_and_sources" data-mw-thread-id="h-Verifiability_and_sources"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Verifiability_and_sources"></span>Verifiability and sources<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Verifiability_and_sources"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Template_index/Sources_of_articles&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Verifiability and sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Transcluded from <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_messages/Cleanup/Verifiability_and_sources" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Template messages/Cleanup/Verifiability and sources">Wikipedia:Template messages/Cleanup/Verifiability and sources</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:TMV"></span><span id="WP:TMCLEAN"></span><span id="WP:TMSOURCE"></span><span id="WP:TMCITE"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcuts</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:TMV&redirect=no">WP:TMV</a></span></li><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:TMCLEAN&redirect=no">WP:TMCLEAN</a></span></li><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:TMSOURCE&redirect=no">WP:TMSOURCE</a></span></li><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:TMCITE&redirect=no">WP:TMCITE</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Message_boxes" data-mw-thread-id="h-Message_boxes-Verifiability_and_sources"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Message_boxes-Verifiability_and_sources"></span>Message boxes<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Message_boxes-Verifiability_and_sources"></span></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Template_index/Cleanup/Verifiability_and_sources&action=edit&section=T-1" title="Edit section: Message boxes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>For quotations used out of context, references to unrelated material, and other misuse of citations.</li> <li>Message boxes may be used at the top of an article, or in a specific section of an article.</li> <li>Individual message boxes may be combined.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Individual_message_boxes:_Biographies_of_living_persons" data-mw-thread-id="h-Individual_message_boxes:_Biographies_of_living_persons-Message_boxes"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Individual_message_boxes:_Biographies_of_living_persons-Message_boxes"></span>Individual message boxes: Biographies of living persons<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Individual_message_boxes:_Biographies_of_living_persons-Message_boxes"></span></h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Template_index/Cleanup/Verifiability_and_sources&action=edit&section=T-2" title="Edit section: Individual message boxes: Biographies of living persons"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Tag </th> <th width="100%">Individual message boxes, text that will be shown, and usage notes.<br/>(Boxes for both the top of an article, or a specific section of an article) </th></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:BLP_IMDb_refimprove" title="Template:BLP IMDb refimprove">BLP IMDb refimprove</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><small><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_sourced_by_IMDb" title="Category:Articles sourced by IMDb">category</a> </small><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:BLP_IMDb_refimprove&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:BLP_IMDb_refimprove" title="Template talk:BLP IMDb refimprove">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:BLP_IMDb_refimprove&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-BLP_IMDb_refimprove plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40"/></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons" title="Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons">biography of a living person</a> <b>needs additional <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">citations</a> for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a>, as it includes attribution to <a href="/wiki/IMDb" title="IMDb">IMDb</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> IMDb <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_IMDb" title="Wikipedia:Citing IMDb">may not be a reliable source</a> for biographical information. Please help by adding additional, reliable sources for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a>. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced <b>must be removed immediately</b>, especially if potentially <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Libel" title="Wikipedia:Libel">libelous</a> or harmful.</span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:BLP_primary_sources" title="Template:BLP primary sources">BLP primary sources</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><small><a href="/wiki/Category:BLP_articles_lacking_sources" title="Category:BLP articles lacking sources">category</a> </small><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:BLP_primary_sources&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:BLP_primary_sources" title="Template talk:BLP primary sources">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:BLP_primary_sources&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-BLP_primary_sources plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Primary_sources" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399"/></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons" title="Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons">biography of a living person</a> <b>relies too much on <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">references</a> to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons#Misuse_of_primary_sources" title="Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons">primary sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help by adding <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources" title="Wikipedia:No original research">secondary or tertiary sources</a>. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced <b>must be removed immediately</b>, especially if potentially <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Libel" title="Wikipedia:Libel">libelous</a> or harmful.<br/><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Sources+of+articles%22">"Sources of articles"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Sources+of+articles%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Sources+of+articles%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Sources+of+articles%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Sources+of+articles%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Sources+of+articles%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:BLP_self-published" title="Template:BLP self-published">BLP self-published</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><small><a href="/wiki/Category:Unreferenced_BLPs" title="Category:Unreferenced BLPs">category</a> </small><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:BLP_self-published&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:BLP_self-published" title="Template talk:BLP self-published">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:BLP_self-published&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-BLP_self-published plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40"/></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons" title="Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons">biography of a living person</a> <strong>needs additional <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">citations</a> for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a>, as its only attribution is to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Self-published_and_questionable_sources_as_sources_on_themselves" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">self-published sources</a></strong>; articles should not be based solely on such sources.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help by adding <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">reliable, independent sources</a>. <strong>Immediately remove</strong> contentious material about living people that is unsourced or poorly sourced.</span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:BLP_sources" title="Template:BLP sources">BLP sources</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><small><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_lacking_reliable_references" title="Category:Articles lacking reliable references">category</a> </small><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:BLP_sources&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:BLP_sources" title="Template talk:BLP sources">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:BLP_sources&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-BLP_sources plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-BLP_sources" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40"/></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons" title="Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons">biography of a living person</a> <b>needs additional <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">citations</a> for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help by adding <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">reliable sources</a>. <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons#Remove_contentious_material_that_is_unsourced_or_poorly_sourced" title="Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons">Contentious material</a> about living persons that is unsourced or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources#Questionable_and_self-published_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">poorly sourced</a> <b>must be removed immediately</b> from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Libel" title="Wikipedia:Libel">libelous</a>.<br/><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Sources+of+articles%22">"Sources of articles"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Sources+of+articles%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Sources+of+articles%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Sources+of+articles%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Sources+of+articles%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Sources+of+articles%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:BLP_sources_section" title="Template:BLP sources section">BLP sources section</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><small><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_lacking_reliable_references" title="Category:Articles lacking reliable references">category</a> </small><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:BLP_sources_section&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:BLP_sources_section" title="Template talk:BLP sources section">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:BLP_sources_section&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-BLP_sources_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-BLP_sources" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40"/></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section of a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons" title="Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons">biography of a living person</a> <b>needs additional <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">citations</a> for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help by adding <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">reliable sources</a>. <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons#Remove_contentious_material_that_is_unsourced_or_poorly_sourced" title="Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons">Contentious material</a> about living persons that is unsourced or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources#Questionable_and_self-published_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">poorly sourced</a> <b>must be removed immediately</b> from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Libel" title="Wikipedia:Libel">libelous</a>.<br/><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Sources+of+articles%22">"Sources of articles"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Sources+of+articles%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Sources+of+articles%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Sources+of+articles%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Sources+of+articles%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Sources+of+articles%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:BLP_unreferenced" title="Template:BLP unreferenced">BLP unreferenced</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><small><a href="/wiki/Category:Unreferenced_BLPs" title="Category:Unreferenced BLPs">category</a> </small><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:BLP_unreferenced&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:BLP_unreferenced" title="Template talk:BLP unreferenced">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:BLP_unreferenced&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-BLP_unsourced plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-BLP_unsourced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40"/></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons" title="Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons">biography of a living person</a> <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">include</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">references or sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help by adding <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">reliable sources</a>. Contentious material about living people that is unsourced or poorly sourced <b>must be removed immediately</b>.<br/><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Sources+of+articles%22">"Sources of articles"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Sources+of+articles%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Sources+of+articles%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Sources+of+articles%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Sources+of+articles%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Sources+of+articles%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:BLP_unreferenced_section" title="Template:BLP unreferenced section">BLP unreferenced section</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><small><a href="/wiki/Category:Unreferenced_BLPs" title="Category:Unreferenced BLPs">category</a> </small><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:BLP_unreferenced_section&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:BLP_unreferenced_section" title="Template talk:BLP unreferenced section">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:BLP_unreferenced_section&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-BLP_unsourced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-BLP_unsourced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40"/></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section of a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons" title="Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons">biography of a living person</a> <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">include</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">references or sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help by adding <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">reliable sources</a>. Contentious material about living people that is unsourced or poorly sourced <b>must be removed immediately</b>.<br/><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Sources+of+articles%22">"Sources of articles"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Sources+of+articles%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Sources+of+articles%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Sources+of+articles%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Sources+of+articles%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Sources+of+articles%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Individual_message_boxes:_Issues_with_citations_and_sources" data-mw-thread-id="h-Individual_message_boxes:_Issues_with_citations_and_sources-Message_boxes"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Individual_message_boxes:_Issues_with_citations_and_sources-Message_boxes"></span>Individual message boxes: Issues with citations and sources<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Individual_message_boxes:_Issues_with_citations_and_sources-Message_boxes"></span></h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Template_index/Cleanup/Verifiability_and_sources&action=edit&section=T-3" title="Edit section: Individual message boxes: Issues with citations and sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Tag </th> <th width="100%">Individual message boxes, text that will be shown, and usage notes.<br/>(Boxes for both the top of an article, or a specific section of an article) </th></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_check" title="Template:Cite check">cite check</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><small><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_lacking_reliable_references" title="Category:All articles lacking reliable references">category</a> </small><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:cite_check&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cite_check" title="Template talk:Cite check">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Cite_check&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Cite_check plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/40px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/60px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/80px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48"/></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>may contain <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:CITE" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:CITE">citations</a> that do not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:V" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:V">verify</a> the text</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Template_index/Sources_of_articles&action=edit">check for citation inaccuracies</a>.</span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_check_section" title="Template:Cite check section">cite check section</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><small><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_lacking_reliable_references" title="Category:All articles lacking reliable references">category</a> </small><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:cite_check_section&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cite_check_section" title="Template talk:Cite check section">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Cite_check_section&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Cite_check plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/40px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/60px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/80px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48"/></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>may contain <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:CITE" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:CITE">citations</a> that do not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:V" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:V">verify</a> the text</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Template_index/Sources_of_articles&action=edit">check for citation inaccuracies</a>.</span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Excessive_citations" title="Template:Excessive citations">excessive citations</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><small><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_references_cleanup" title="Category:Wikipedia references cleanup">category</a> </small><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:excessive_citations&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Excessive_citations" title="Template talk:Excessive citations">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Excessive_citations&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Excessive_citations plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-citation_style" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48"/></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>may contain an <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_overkill" title="Wikipedia:Citation overkill">excessive number of citations</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_overkill#How_to_trim_excessive_citations" title="Wikipedia:Citation overkill">remove low-quality or irrelevant citations</a>.</span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Media_IMDb_refimprove" title="Template:Media IMDb refimprove">media IMDb refimprove</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><small><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_sourced_by_IMDb" title="Category:Articles sourced by IMDb">category</a> </small><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:media_IMDb_refimprove&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Media_IMDb_refimprove" title="Template talk:Media IMDb refimprove">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Media_IMDb_refimprove&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Film_IMDb_refimprove plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/IMDB_Logo_2016.svg/40px-IMDB_Logo_2016.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/IMDB_Logo_2016.svg/60px-IMDB_Logo_2016.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/IMDB_Logo_2016.svg/80px-IMDB_Logo_2016.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="575" data-file-height="290"/></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><b>This media article uses <a href="/wiki/IMDb" title="IMDb">IMDb</a> for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a>.</b><span class="hide-when-compact"> IMDb <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_IMDb" title="Wikipedia:Citing IMDb">may not be a reliable source</a> for film and television information and is generally only cited as an <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:External_links" title="Wikipedia:External links">external link</a>. Please help by replacing IMDb with third-party <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:More_citations_needed" title="Template:More citations needed">more citations needed</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><small><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references" title="Category:Articles needing additional references">category</a> </small><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:more_citations_needed&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:More_citations_needed" title="Template talk:More citations needed">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:More_citations_needed&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399"/></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Wikipedia:Template_index/Sources_of_articles" title="Special:EditPage/Wikipedia:Template index/Sources of articles">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this article. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br/><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Sources+of+articles%22">"Sources of articles"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Sources+of+articles%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Sources+of+articles%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Sources+of+articles%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Sources+of+articles%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Sources+of+articles%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:More_citations_needed_section" title="Template:More citations needed section">more citations needed section</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><small><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references" title="Category:Articles needing additional references">category</a> </small><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:more_citations_needed_section&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:More_citations_needed_section" title="Template talk:More citations needed section">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:More_citations_needed_section&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399"/></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Wikipedia:Template_index/Sources_of_articles" title="Special:EditPage/Wikipedia:Template index/Sources of articles">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:More_medical_citations_needed" title="Template:More medical citations needed">More medical citations needed</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><small><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_requiring_reliable_medical_sources" title="Category:Articles requiring reliable medical sources">category</a> </small><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:More_medical_citations_needed&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:More_medical_citations_needed" title="Template talk:More medical citations needed">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:More_medical_citations_needed&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Medical_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40"/></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs more <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_reliable_sources_(medicine)" title="Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources (medicine)">reliable medical references</a> for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a> or relies too heavily on <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Primary_sources" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Primary sources">primary sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please review the contents of the article and <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template_index/Sources_of_articles&action=edit">add the appropriate references</a> if you can. Unsourced or poorly sourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>. <small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Sources+of+articles%22">"Sources of articles"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Sources+of+articles%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Sources+of+articles%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Sources+of+articles%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Sources+of+articles%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Sources+of+articles%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span></div></td><td class="mbox-imageright"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Star_of_life.svg/52px-Star_of_life.svg.png" decoding="async" width="52" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Star_of_life.svg/77px-Star_of_life.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Star_of_life.svg/103px-Star_of_life.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="198" data-file-height="192"/></span></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:More_science_citations_needed" title="Template:More science citations needed">more science citations needed</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><small><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references" title="Category:Articles needing additional references">category</a> </small><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:more_science_citations_needed&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:More_science_citations_needed" title="Template talk:More science citations needed">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:More_science_citations_needed&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Refimprove_science plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Primary_sources" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399"/></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This scientific article <b>needs additional <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Scientific_citation_guidelines" title="Wikipedia:Scientific citation guidelines">citations</a> to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources#Scholarship" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">secondary or tertiary sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Help add sources such as review articles, monographs, or textbooks. Please also establish the relevance for any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources" title="Wikipedia:No original research">primary research articles</a> cited. Unsourced or poorly sourced material may be challenged and removed.</span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Old_news" title="Template:Old news">old news</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><small><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_lacking_sources" title="Category:Articles lacking sources">category</a> </small><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:old_news&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Old_news" title="Template talk:Old news">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Old_news&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Old_news plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Old-news" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40"/></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>may be excessively based on <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not#Wikipedia_is_not_a_newspaper" title="Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not">contemporary reporting</a>.</b><span class="hide-when-compact"> Please use newer <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Secondary" title="Wikipedia:No original research">secondary sources</a>; articles on events that lack <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Notability_(events)#Lasting_effects" title="Wikipedia:Notability (events)">lasting impact</a> may be <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Merging" title="Wikipedia:Merging">merged</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Redirect" title="Wikipedia:Redirect">redirected</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Deletion_policy" title="Wikipedia:Deletion policy">deleted</a>.</span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:One_source" title="Template:One source">one source</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><small><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_lacking_sources" title="Category:Articles lacking sources">category</a> </small><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:one_source&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:One_source" title="Template talk:One source">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:One_source&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-One_source plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-one_source" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399"/></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>relies largely or entirely on a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Articles_with_a_single_source" title="Wikipedia:Articles with a single source">single source</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Relevant discussion may be found on the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:Template_index/Sources_of_articles##" title="Wikipedia talk:Template index/Sources of articles">talk page</a>. Please help <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Template_index/Sources_of_articles&action=edit">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">introducing citations to additional sources</a>.<br/><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Sources+of+articles%22">"Sources of articles"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Sources+of+articles%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Sources+of+articles%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Sources+of+articles%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Sources+of+articles%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Sources+of+articles%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Original_research" title="Template:Original research">original research</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><small><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_that_may_contain_original_research" title="Category:Articles that may contain original research">category</a> </small><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:original_research&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Original_research" title="Template talk:Original research">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Original_research&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Original_research plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Original_research" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40"/></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>possibly contains <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research" title="Wikipedia:No original research">original research</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Template_index/Sources_of_articles&action=edit">improve it</a> by <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verifying</a> the claims made and adding <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Inline_citations" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">inline citations</a>. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.</span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Primary_sources" title="Template:Primary sources">primary sources</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><small><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_lacking_reliable_references" title="Category:Articles lacking reliable references">category</a> </small><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:primary_sources&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Primary_sources" title="Template talk:Primary sources">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Primary_sources&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Primary_sources plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Primary_sources" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399"/></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>relies excessively on <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">references</a> to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources" title="Wikipedia:No original research">primary sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please improve this article by adding <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources" title="Wikipedia:No original research">secondary or tertiary sources</a>. <br/><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Sources+of+articles%22">"Sources of articles"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Sources+of+articles%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Sources+of+articles%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Sources+of+articles%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Sources+of+articles%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Sources+of+articles%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Self-sourcing_examples" title="Template:Self-sourcing examples">Self-sourcing examples</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><small><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references" title="Category:Articles needing additional references">category</a> </small><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:Self-sourcing_examples&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Self-sourcing_examples" title="Template talk:Self-sourcing examples">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Self-sourcing_examples&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Refexample plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40"/></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>gives <a href="/wiki/Template:Self-sourcing_examples#Self-sourcing_examples" title="Template:Self-sourcing examples">self-sourcing popular culture examples</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Template_index/Sources_of_articles&action=edit">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction_to_referencing_with_Wiki_Markup/1" title="Help:Introduction to referencing with Wiki Markup/1">adding citations to reliable sources</a> and remove less pertinent examples. <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">Unsourced</a> or poorly sourced material may be challenged or removed.</span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Religious_text_primary" title="Template:Religious text primary">religious text primary</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><small><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_lacking_sources" title="Category:All articles lacking sources">category</a> </small><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:religious_text_primary&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Religious_text_primary" title="Template talk:Religious text primary">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Religious_text_primary&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Religious_text_primary plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40"/></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>uses <a href="/wiki/Religious_text" title="Religious text">texts from within a religion or faith system</a></b> without referring to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:PSTS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:PSTS">secondary sources</a> that critically analyze them.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Template_index/Sources_of_articles&action=edit">improve this article</a>.</span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Self-published" title="Template:Self-published">self-published</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><small><a href="/wiki/Category:Accuracy_disputes" title="Category:Accuracy disputes">category</a> </small><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:self-published&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Self-published" title="Template talk:Self-published">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Self-published&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Self-published plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-self-published" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40"/></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>may contain excessive or inappropriate references to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Self-published_sources" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">self-published sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Template_index/Sources_of_articles&action=edit">improve it</a> by removing references to unreliable <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">sources</a> where they are used inappropriately.</span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Speculation" title="Template:Speculation">speculation</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><small><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_predictions_or_speculation" title="Category:Articles containing predictions or speculation">category</a> </small><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:speculation&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Speculation" title="Template talk:Speculation">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Speculation&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Speculation plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Emoji_u1f52e.svg/40px-Emoji_u1f52e.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Emoji_u1f52e.svg/60px-Emoji_u1f52e.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Emoji_u1f52e.svg/80px-Emoji_u1f52e.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128"/></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>possibly contains unsourced <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:CRYSTAL" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:CRYSTAL">predictions</a>, speculative material, or accounts of events that might not occur</b>. Information must be <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:V" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:V">verifiable</a> and based on <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:RS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:RS">reliable published sources</a>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Template_index/Sources_of_articles&action=edit">improve it</a> by removing unsourced speculative content.</span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Third-party" title="Template:Third-party">third-party</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><small><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">category</a> </small><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:third-party&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Third-party" title="Template talk:Third-party">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Third-party&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Third-party plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399"/></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>may rely excessively on sources <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Self-published_sources" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">too closely associated with the subject</a></b>, potentially preventing the article from being <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verifiable</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view" title="Wikipedia:Neutral point of view">neutral</a>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Template_index/Sources_of_articles&action=edit">improve it</a> by replacing them with more appropriate <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">citations</a> to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_and_using_independent_sources" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Identifying and using independent sources">reliable, independent, third-party sources</a>.</span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Unreferenced_category" title="Template:Unreferenced category">unreferenced category</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><small><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_uncited_categories" title="Category:Articles with uncited categories">category</a> </small><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:unreferenced_category&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Unreferenced_category" title="Template talk:Unreferenced category">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Unreferenced_category&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_category plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40"/></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>contains unreferenced categories</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Template_index/Sources_of_articles&action=edit">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction_to_referencing/1" class="mw-redirect" title="Help:Introduction to referencing/1">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced categories may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Unreferenced" title="Template:Unreferenced">unreferenced</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><small><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_lacking_sources" title="Category:Articles lacking sources">category</a> </small><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:unreferenced&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Unreferenced" title="Template talk:Unreferenced">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Unreferenced&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399"/></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Wikipedia:Template_index/Sources_of_articles" title="Special:EditPage/Wikipedia:Template index/Sources of articles">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.<br/><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Sources+of+articles%22">"Sources of articles"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Sources+of+articles%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Sources+of+articles%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Sources+of+articles%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Sources+of+articles%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Sources+of+articles%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Unreferenced_section" title="Template:Unreferenced section">unreferenced section</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><small><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references" title="Category:Articles needing additional references">category</a> </small><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:unreferenced_section&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Unreferenced_section" title="Template talk:Unreferenced section">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Unreferenced_section&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399"/></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Wikipedia:Template_index/Sources_of_articles" title="Special:EditPage/Wikipedia:Template index/Sources of articles">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Unreliable_sources" title="Template:Unreliable sources">unreliable sources</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><small><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_lacking_reliable_references" title="Category:Articles lacking reliable references">category</a> </small><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:unreliable_sources&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Unreliable_sources" title="Template talk:Unreliable sources">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Unreliable_sources&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreliable_sources plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-unreliable_sources" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/40px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/60px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/80px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48"/></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">Some of this article's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">listed sources</a> <b>may not be <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">reliable</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help improve this article by looking for better, more reliable sources. Unreliable citations may be challenged and removed.</span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:User-generated" title="Template:User-generated">user-generated</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><small><a href="/wiki/Category:Accuracy_disputes" title="Category:Accuracy disputes">category</a> </small><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:user-generated&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:User-generated&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:User-generated (page does not exist)">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:User-generated&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-User-generated plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-self-published" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40"/></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>may contain improper references to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources#User-generated_content" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">user-generated content</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Template_index/Sources_of_articles&action=edit">improve it</a> by removing references to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">unreliable sources</a>, where they are <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Self-published_sources" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">used inappropriately</a>.</span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Individual_message_boxes:_Issues_with_style_or_format" data-mw-thread-id="h-Individual_message_boxes:_Issues_with_style_or_format-Message_boxes"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Individual_message_boxes:_Issues_with_style_or_format-Message_boxes"></span>Individual message boxes: Issues with style or format<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Individual_message_boxes:_Issues_with_style_or_format-Message_boxes"></span></h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Template_index/Cleanup/Verifiability_and_sources&action=edit&section=T-4" title="Edit section: Individual message boxes: Issues with style or format"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Tag </th> <th width="100%">Individual message boxes, text that will be shown, and usage notes.<br/>(Boxes for both the top of an article, or a specific section of an article) </th></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Citation_style" title="Template:Citation style">Citation style</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><small><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_references_cleanup" title="Category:Wikipedia references cleanup">category</a> </small><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:Citation_style&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Citation_style" title="Template talk:Citation style">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Citation_style&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Citation_style plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-citation_style" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48"/></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>has an unclear <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Citation_style" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">citation style</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> The references used may be made clearer with a different or consistent style of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">citation</a> and <a href="/wiki/Help:Footnotes" title="Help:Footnotes">footnoting</a>.</span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Citations_broken" title="Template:Citations broken">Citations broken</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><small><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_where_post-expand_include_size_is_exceeded" title="Category:Pages where post-expand include size is exceeded">category</a> </small><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:Citations_broken&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Citations_broken" title="Template talk:Citations broken">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Citations_broken&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Citations_broken plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/40px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/60px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/80px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48"/></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b> uses <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">citations</a> that <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">link to broken or outdated sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template_index/Sources_of_articles&action=edit">improve the article</a></span> by <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:LR" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:LR">addressing link rot</a> or discuss this issue on the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:Template_index/Sources_of_articles" title="Wikipedia talk:Template index/Sources of articles">talk page</a>.</span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Citations_broken_from_PEIS_limit" title="Template:Citations broken from PEIS limit">Citations broken from PEIS limit</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><small><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_where_post-expand_include_size_is_exceeded" title="Category:Pages where post-expand include size is exceeded">category</a> </small><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:Citations_broken_from_PEIS_limit&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Citations_broken_from_PEIS_limit" title="Template talk:Citations broken from PEIS limit">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Citations_broken_from_PEIS_limit&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Citations_broken_from_PEIS_limit plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Gnome-document-save.svg/40px-Gnome-document-save.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Gnome-document-save.svg/60px-Gnome-document-save.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Gnome-document-save.svg/80px-Gnome-document-save.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48"/></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This page <b>exceeds Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_limits#Post-expand_include_size" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Template limits">template size limit</a></b>. Some references and <a href="/wiki/Help:A_quick_guide_to_templates" title="Help:A quick guide to templates">templates</a> may not render properly on this page.</div></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cleanup_bare_URLs" title="Template:Cleanup bare URLs">Cleanup bare URLs</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><small><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_bare_URLs_for_citations" title="Category:Articles with bare URLs for citations">category</a> </small><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:Cleanup_bare_URLs&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cleanup_bare_URLs" title="Template talk:Cleanup bare URLs">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Cleanup_bare_URLs&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Cleanup_bare_URLs plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-cleanup-link_rot" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/40px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/60px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/80px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48"/></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>uses <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bare_URLs" title="Wikipedia:Bare URLs">bare URLs</a>, which are uninformative and vulnerable to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">link rot</a>.</b><span class="hide-when-compact"> Please consider converting them to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Citation_styles" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">full citations</a> to ensure the article remains <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verifiable</a> and maintains a consistent citation style. <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Examples">Several templates</a> and tools are available to assist in formatting, such as <span class="nowrap"><a class="external text" href="https://refill.toolforge.org/ng/result.php?page=Wikipedia:Template_index/Sources_of_articles&defaults=y">reFill</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:ReFill" title="Wikipedia:ReFill">documentation</a>)</span> and <span class="nowrap"><a class="external text" href="https://citations.toolforge.org/process_page.php?edit=automated_tools&slow=1&page=Wikipedia:Template_index/Sources_of_articles">Citation bot</a> (<a href="/wiki/User:Citation_bot" title="User:Citation bot">documentation</a>)</span>.</span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Duplicated_citations" title="Template:Duplicated citations">Duplicated citations</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><small><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_cleanup" title="Category:Articles needing cleanup">category</a> </small><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:Duplicated_citations&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Duplicated_citations" title="Template talk:Duplicated citations">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Duplicated_citations&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Duplicated_citations plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-cleanup-link_rot" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Ionicons_duplicate-sharp.svg/40px-Ionicons_duplicate-sharp.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Ionicons_duplicate-sharp.svg/60px-Ionicons_duplicate-sharp.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Ionicons_duplicate-sharp.svg/80px-Ionicons_duplicate-sharp.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"/></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>contains several duplicated citations</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> It is recommended to use <a href="/wiki/Help:Footnotes#WP:NAMEDREFS" title="Help:Footnotes">named references</a> to consolidate citations that are used multiple times.</span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Format_footnotes" title="Template:Format footnotes">Format footnotes</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><small><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_footnote_reformatting" title="Category:Articles needing footnote reformatting">category</a> </small><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:Format_footnotes&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Format_footnotes" title="Template talk:Format footnotes">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Format_footnotes&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Format_footnotes plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48"/></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article includes <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:CITE#Types_of_citation" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:CITE">inline citations</a>, but <b>they are not <a href="/wiki/Help:Footnotes" title="Help:Footnotes">properly formatted</a>.</b><span class="hide-when-compact"> Please <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fact_and_Reference_Check" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Fact and Reference Check">improve</a> this article by <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Template_index/Sources_of_articles&&action=edit">correcting them</a></span>.</span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Full_citations_needed" title="Template:Full citations needed">Full citations needed</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><small><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_incomplete_citations" title="Category:Articles with incomplete citations">category</a> </small><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:Full_citations_needed&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Full_citations_needed" title="Template talk:Full citations needed">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Full_citations_needed&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Ref_expand plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/40px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/60px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/80px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48"/></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs more complete <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">citations</a> for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Help:Footnotes" title="Help:Footnotes">add missing citation information</a> so that sources are clearly identifiable.</span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Ibid" title="Template:Ibid">Ibid</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><small><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_ibid" title="Category:Articles with ibid">category</a> </small><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:Ibid&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ibid" title="Template talk:Ibid">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Ibid&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Ibid plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48"/></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">Constructs such as <i><a href="/wiki/Ibid." title="Ibid.">ibid.</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Loc._cit." title="Loc. cit.">loc. cit.</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Idem" title="Idem">idem</a></i> are <b>discouraged by <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:IBID" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:IBID">Wikipedia's style guide</a> for footnotes</b>, as they are easily broken. Please <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Template_index/Sources_of_articles&action=edit">improve this article</a> by replacing them with <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Footnotes#Naming_a_ref_tag_so_it_can_be_used_more_than_once" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Footnotes">named references</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Template:Refref/core" title="Template:Refref/core">quick guide</a></i>), or an abbreviated title.<span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:More_footnotes_needed" title="Template:More footnotes needed">More footnotes needed</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><small><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_lacking_in-text_citations" title="Category:Articles lacking in-text citations">category</a> </small><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:More_footnotes_needed&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:More_footnotes_needed" title="Template talk:More footnotes needed">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:More_footnotes_needed&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_footnotes_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-More_footnotes_needed" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/40px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/60px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/80px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48"/></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article includes a list of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#General_references" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">general references</a>, but <b>it lacks sufficient corresponding <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Inline_citations" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">inline citations</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Reliability" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Reliability">improve</a> this article by <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:When_to_cite" title="Wikipedia:When to cite">introducing</a> more precise citations.</span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:No_footnotes" title="Template:No footnotes">No footnotes</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><small><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_lacking_in-text_citations" title="Category:Articles lacking in-text citations">category</a> </small><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:No_footnotes&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:No_footnotes" title="Template talk:No footnotes">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:No_footnotes&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-No_footnotes plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-No_footnotes" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/40px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/60px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/80px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48"/></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article includes a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">list of references</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Further_reading" title="Wikipedia:Further reading">related reading</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:External_links" title="Wikipedia:External links">external links</a>, <b>but its sources remain unclear because it lacks <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Inline_citations" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">inline citations</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fact_and_Reference_Check" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Fact and Reference Check">improve</a> this article by <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:When_to_cite" title="Wikipedia:When to cite">introducing</a> more precise citations.</span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Page_numbers_improve" title="Template:Page numbers improve">Page numbers improve</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><small><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_lacking_page_references" title="Category:Articles lacking page references">category</a> </small><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:Page_numbers_improve&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Page_numbers_improve" title="Template talk:Page numbers improve">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Page_numbers_improve&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Page_numbers_improve plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Text_document_with_page_number_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Text_document_with_page_number_icon.svg/40px-Text_document_with_page_number_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Text_document_with_page_number_icon.svg/60px-Text_document_with_page_number_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Text_document_with_page_number_icon.svg/80px-Text_document_with_page_number_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48"/></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article cites its sources but <b>its <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#What_information_to_include" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">page reference</a> ranges are too broad</b> or <b>incorrect</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help in adding a more precise page range.</span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Page_numbers_needed" title="Template:Page numbers needed">Page numbers needed</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><small><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_lacking_page_references" title="Category:Articles lacking page references">category</a> </small><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:Page_numbers_needed&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Page_numbers_needed&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Page numbers needed (page does not exist)">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Page_numbers_needed&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Page_numbers_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Text_document_with_page_number_icon.svg/40px-Text_document_with_page_number_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Text_document_with_page_number_icon.svg/60px-Text_document_with_page_number_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Text_document_with_page_number_icon.svg/80px-Text_document_with_page_number_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48"/></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article cites its <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">sources</a> but <b>does not provide <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:CITEHOW" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:CITEHOW">page references</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> You can help by providing page numbers for existing citations.</span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Tags_inline_with_article_text" data-mw-thread-id="h-Tags_inline_with_article_text-Verifiability_and_sources"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Tags_inline_with_article_text-Verifiability_and_sources"></span>Tags inline with article text<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Tags_inline_with_article_text-Verifiability_and_sources"></span></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Template_index/Cleanup/Verifiability_and_sources&action=edit&section=T-5" title="Edit section: Tags inline with article text"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Tag </th> <th width="100%">Background info from Wikipedia namespace </th></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:According_to_whom" title="Template:According to whom">according to whom</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:according_to_whom&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:According_to_whom" title="Template talk:According to whom">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:According_to_whom&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag may use weasel words or too-vague attribution.">according to whom?</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Additional_citation_needed" title="Template:Additional citation needed">additional citation needed</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:additional_citation_needed&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Additional_citation_needed" title="Template talk:Additional citation needed">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Additional_citation_needed&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs additional references to reliable sources.">additional citation(s) needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Attribution_needed" title="Template:Attribution needed">attribution needed</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:attribution_needed&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Attribution_needed" title="Template talk:Attribution needed">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Attribution_needed&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Attribution_needed" title="Wikipedia:Attribution needed"><span title="This sentence may contain perspectives and opinions without stating whose they are.">attribution needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Better_source_needed" title="Template:Better source needed">better source needed</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:better_source_needed&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Better_source_needed" title="Template talk:Better source needed">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Better_source_needed&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS"><span title="This claim needs references to better sources.">better source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Better_source_needed_example" title="Template:Better source needed example">better source needed example</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:better_source_needed_example&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Better_source_needed_example" title="Template talk:Better source needed example">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Better_source_needed_example&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Template:Refexample#Self-sourcing" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Refexample"><span title="This example needs references to sources that describe its significance in the context of the article.">better source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Links to <a href="/wiki/Template:Refexample#Self-sourcing" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Refexample">self-sourcing examples</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:By_whom" title="Template:By whom">by whom</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:by_whom&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:By_whom" title="Template talk:By whom">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:By_whom&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag may use weasel words or too-vague attribution.">by whom?</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Chronology_citation_needed" title="Template:Chronology citation needed">chronology citation needed</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:chronology_citation_needed&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Chronology_citation_needed" title="Template talk:Chronology citation needed">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Chronology_citation_needed&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint Template-Timefact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Timeline_Tracer/Chronology_source_needed" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Timeline Tracer/Chronology source needed"><span title="This chronology/history reference needs citation to reliable sources">chronology citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Circular_reference" title="Template:Circular reference">circular reference</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:circular_reference&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Circular_reference" title="Template talk:Circular reference">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Circular_reference&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Wikipedia_and_sources_that_mirror_or_use_it" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="This claim cites another Wikipedia article. Articles need references to reliable third-party sources.">circular reference</span></a></i>]</sup> When the sources copy Wikipedia material directly </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Circular_reporting" title="Template:Circular reporting">circular reporting</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:circular_reporting&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Circular_reporting&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Circular reporting (page does not exist)">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Circular_reporting&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Wikipedia_and_sources_that_mirror_or_use_it" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The references may be using Wikipedia as a source">circular reporting?</span></a></i>]</sup> For the subtler case when you suspect the sources are based on facts first published at Wikipedia, but they didn't copy it directly </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Citation_needed" title="Template:Citation needed">citation needed</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:citation_needed&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Citation_needed" title="Template talk:Citation needed">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Citation_needed&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources.">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Citation_needed_span" title="Template:Citation needed span">citation needed span</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:citation_needed_span&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Citation_needed_span" title="Template talk:Citation needed span">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Citation_needed_span&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><span class="citation-needed-content" style="padding-left:0.1em; padding-right:0.1em; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); border:1px solid var(--border-color-subtle, #c8ccd1);">The sun is hot.</span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources.">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Clarify" title="Template:Clarify">clarify</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:clarify&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Clarify" title="Template talk:Clarify">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Clarify&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon.">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Copyvio_link" title="Template:Copyvio link">copyvio link</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:copyvio_link&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Copyvio_link" title="Template talk:Copyvio link">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Copyvio_link&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights#Linking_to_copyrighted_works" title="Wikipedia:Copyrights"><span title="The external link in the vicinity of this tag may contain copyright violations.">infringing link?</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Dead_link" title="Template:Dead link">dead link</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:dead_link&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Dead_link" title="Template talk:Dead link">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Dead_link&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title="">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Disambiguation_needed" title="Template:Disambiguation needed">disambiguation needed</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:disambiguation_needed&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Disambiguation_needed" title="Template talk:Disambiguation needed">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Disambiguation_needed&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Disambiguation/Fixing_links" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Disambiguation/Fixing links"><span title="Link needs disambiguation">disambiguation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Disputed_inline" title="Template:Disputed inline">disputed inline</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:disputed_inline&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Disputed_inline" title="Template talk:Disputed inline">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Disputed_inline&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Accuracy_dispute#Disputed_statement" title="Wikipedia:Accuracy dispute"><span title="This claim has reliable sources with contradicting facts">disputed</span></a> – <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:Template_index/Sources_of_articles" title="Wikipedia talk:Template index/Sources of articles">discuss</a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Dubious" title="Template:Dubious">dubious</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:dubious&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Dubious" title="Template talk:Dubious">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Dubious&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Accuracy_dispute#Disputed_statement" title="Wikipedia:Accuracy dispute"><span title="The material near this tag is possibly inaccurate or nonfactual.">dubious</span></a> – <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:Template_index/Sources_of_articles#Dubious" title="Wikipedia talk:Template index/Sources of articles">discuss</a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Episode_needed" title="Template:Episode needed">episode needed</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:episode_needed&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Episode_needed" title="Template talk:Episode needed">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Episode_needed&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This claim needs references to the episode(s) in which it occurs">episode needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Example_needed" title="Template:Example needed">example needed</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:example_needed&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Example_needed" title="Template talk:Example needed">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Example_needed&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:AUDIENCE" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:AUDIENCE"><span title="An editor has requested that an example be provided.">example needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Example_needed_span" title="Template:Example needed span">example needed span</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:example_needed_span&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Example_needed_span" title="Template talk:Example needed span">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Example_needed_span&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><span class="citation-needed-content" style="padding-left:0.1em; padding-right:0.1em; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); border:1px solid var(--border-color-subtle, #c8ccd1);">This is a claim that needs one or more examples.</span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:AUDIENCE" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:AUDIENCE"><span title="This text needs specific examples.">example needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Excessive_citations_inline" title="Template:Excessive citations inline">excessive citations inline</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><small><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_tagged_with_the_inline_citation_overkill_template" title="Category:Articles tagged with the inline citation overkill template">category</a> </small><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:excessive_citations_inline&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Excessive_citations_inline" title="Template talk:Excessive citations inline">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Excessive_citations_inline&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td>For abuse of citations, per <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_overkill" title="Wikipedia:Citation overkill">Wikipedia:Citation overkill</a>. <br/> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Bundling_citations" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This claim has too many footnotes for reading to be smooth.">excessive citations</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Explain" title="Template:Explain">explain</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:explain&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Explain" title="Template talk:Explain">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Explain&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag needs further explanation.">further explanation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Failed_verification" title="Template:Failed verification">failed verification</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:failed_verification&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Failed_verification" title="Template talk:Failed verification">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Failed_verification&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The material near this tag failed verification of its source citation(s).">failed verification</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Full_citation_needed" title="Template:Full citation needed">full citation needed</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:full_citation_needed&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Full_citation_needed" title="Template talk:Full citation needed">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Full_citation_needed&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#What_information_to_include" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="A complete citation is needed.">full citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:How" title="Template:How">how</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:how&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:How" title="Template talk:How">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:How&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="Please clarify the preceding statement or statements with a good explanation from a reliable source.">how?</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Medical_citation_needed" title="Template:Medical citation needed">medical citation needed</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:medical_citation_needed&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Medical_citation_needed" title="Template talk:Medical citation needed">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Medical_citation_needed&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_reliable_sources_(medicine)" title="Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources (medicine)"><span title="Material near this tag needs references to reliable medical sources.">medical citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Medical_citation_needed_span" title="Template:Medical citation needed span">medical citation needed span</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:medical_citation_needed_span&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Medical_citation_needed_span" title="Template talk:Medical citation needed span">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Medical_citation_needed_span&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><span class="citation-needed-content" style="padding-left:0.1em; padding-right:0.1em; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); border:1px solid var(--border-color-subtle, #c8ccd1);">This is an uncited biomedical claim.</span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_reliable_sources_(medicine)" title="Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources (medicine)"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable medical sources.">medical citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Nonspecific" title="Template:Nonspecific">nonspecific</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:nonspecific&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Nonspecific" title="Template talk:Nonspecific">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Nonspecific&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The citation is not specific enough to facilitate source verification">not specific enough to verify</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Not_verified_in_body" title="Template:Not verified in body">not verified in body</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:not_verified_in_body&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Not_verified_in_body" title="Template talk:Not verified in body">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Not_verified_in_body&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources in the body of the article.">not verified in body</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Original_research_inline" title="Template:Original research inline">original research inline</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:original_research_inline&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Original_research_inline" title="Template talk:Original research inline">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Original_research_inline&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research" title="Wikipedia:No original research"><span title="The material near this tag possibly contains original research.">original research?</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Page_needed" title="Template:Page needed">page needed</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:page_needed&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Page_needed" title="Template talk:Page needed">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Page_needed&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears.">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Primary_source_inline" title="Template:Primary source inline">primary source inline</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:primary_source_inline&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Primary_source_inline" title="Template talk:Primary source inline">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Primary_source_inline&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources" title="Wikipedia:No original research"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable secondary sources.">non-primary source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Quantify" title="Template:Quantify">quantify</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:quantify&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Quantify" title="Template talk:Quantify">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Quantify&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="This term requires quantification.">quantify</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Quote_without_source" title="Template:Quote without source">quote without source</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:quote_without_source&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Quote_without_source" title="Template talk:Quote without source">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Quote_without_source&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Inline_citation#When_you_must_use_inline_citations" title="Wikipedia:Inline citation"><span title="The text near this tag needs a citation.">This quote needs a citation</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Registration_required" title="Template:Registration required">registration required</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:registration_required&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Registration_required" title="Template talk:Registration required">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Registration_required&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Access_to_sources" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">registration required</a>)</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Request_quotation" title="Template:Request quotation">request quotation</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:request_quotation&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Request_quotation" title="Template talk:Request quotation">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Request_quotation&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="Quotation needed from source to verify.">need quotation to verify</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Season_needed" title="Template:Season needed">season needed</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:season_needed&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Season_needed" title="Template talk:Season needed">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Season_needed&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_episode/doc" title="Template:Cite episode/doc"><span title="This claim needs references to the season(s) in which it occurs.">season and episode needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Self-published_inline" title="Template:Self-published inline">self-published inline</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><small><a href="/wiki/Category:Accuracy_disputes" title="Category:Accuracy disputes">category</a> </small><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:self-published_inline&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Self-published_inline" title="Template talk:Self-published inline">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Self-published_inline&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Self-published_sources" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The material near this tag may rely on a self-published source.">self-published source?</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Self-published_source" title="Template:Self-published source">self-published source</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><small><a href="/wiki/Category:Accuracy_disputes" title="Category:Accuracy disputes">category</a> </small><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:self-published_source&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Self-published_source&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Self-published source (page does not exist)">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Self-published_source&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Self-published_sources" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="This reference citation appears to be to a self-published source.">self-published source</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Specify" title="Template:Specify">specify</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><small><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_more_detailed_references" title="Category:Articles needing more detailed references">category</a> </small><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:specify&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Specify" title="Template talk:Specify">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Specify&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="Statement needs to be more specific about the content to which it refers.">specify</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Synthesis_inline" title="Template:Synthesis inline">synthesis inline</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:synthesis_inline&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Synthesis_inline" title="Template talk:Synthesis inline">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Synthesis_inline&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Synthesis_of_published_material" title="Wikipedia:No original research"><span title="The material near this tag may be based upon an improper synthesis of sources.">improper synthesis?</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Third-party_inline" title="Template:Third-party inline">third-party inline</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:third-party_inline&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Third-party_inline" title="Template talk:Third-party inline">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Third-party_inline&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Independent_sources" title="Wikipedia:Independent sources"><span title="This claim needs a reference to a independent, third-party source.">third-party source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Unreliable_medical_source" title="Template:Unreliable medical source">unreliable medical source</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:unreliable_medical_source&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Unreliable_medical_source" title="Template talk:Unreliable medical source">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Unreliable_medical_source&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_reliable_sources_(medicine)" title="Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources (medicine)"><span title="Material near this tag may rely on an unreliable or less reliable medical source.">unreliable medical source?</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Unreliable_source%3F" title="Template:Unreliable source?">unreliable source?</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:unreliable_source%3F&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Unreliable_source%3F" title="Template talk:Unreliable source?">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Unreliable_source%3F&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources"><span title="The material near this tag may rely on an unreliable source.">unreliable source?</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Update_after" title="Template:Update after">update after</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:update_after&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Update_after" title="Template talk:Update after">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Update_after&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The text near this tag is dated. (January 2000)">needs update</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:User-generated_inline" title="Template:User-generated inline">user-generated inline</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><small><a href="/wiki/Category:Accuracy_disputes" title="Category:Accuracy disputes">category</a> </small><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:user-generated_inline&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:User-generated_inline&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:User-generated inline (page does not exist)">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:User-generated_inline&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:UGC" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:UGC"><span title="The material near this tag may rely on a user-generated source.">user-generated source?</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:User-generated_source" title="Template:User-generated source">user-generated source</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><small><a href="/wiki/Category:Accuracy_disputes" title="Category:Accuracy disputes">category</a> </small><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:user-generated_source&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:User-generated_source" title="Template talk:User-generated source">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:User-generated_source&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_reliable_sources#User-generated_content" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources"><span title="This reference citation appears to be to a user-generated source.">user-generated source</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Vague" title="Template:Vague">vague</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:vague&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Vague" title="Template talk:Vague">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Vague&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Vagueness" title="Wikipedia:Vagueness"><span title="This information is too vague.">vague</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Verify_quote" title="Template:Verify quote">verify quote</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:verify_quote&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Verify_quote" title="Template talk:Verify quote">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Verify_quote&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The quotation near this tag needs to be fact-checked with the cited source to ensure that it actually exists, is accurate, and is not taken out of context.">verify</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Verify_source" title="Template:Verify source">verify source</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:verify_source&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Verify_source" title="Template talk:Verify source">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Verify_source&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The material near this tag needs to be fact-checked with the cited source(s).">verification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Volume_needed" title="Template:Volume needed">volume needed</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:volume_needed&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Volume_needed" title="Template talk:Volume needed">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Volume_needed&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific volume in which the source appears.">volume & issue needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:When" title="Template:When">when</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:when&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:When" title="Template talk:When">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:When&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous.">when?</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Where" title="Template:Where">where</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:where&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Where" title="Template talk:Where">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Where&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Naming_conventions_(geographic_names)" title="Wikipedia:Naming conventions (geographic names)"><span title="The geographic scope near this tag is ambiguous.">where?</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Which" title="Template:Which">which</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:which&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Which" title="Template talk:Which">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Which&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Avoid_weasel_words" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Avoid weasel words"><span title="The material near this tag possibly uses too vague attribution or weasel words.">which?</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Who" title="Template:Who">who</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:who&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Who" title="Template talk:Who">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Who&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag possibly uses too-vague attribution or weasel words.">who?</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Whose_quote" title="Template:Whose quote">whose quote</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:whose_quote&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Whose_quote" title="Template talk:Whose quote">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Whose_quote&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#In-text_attribution" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="The text in the vicinity of this tag needs attribution">who said this?</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Why" title="Template:Why">why</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:why&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Why" title="Template talk:Why">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Why&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The reason for this is unclear.">why?</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Year_missing" title="Template:Year missing">year missing</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:year_missing&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Year_missing" title="Template talk:Year missing">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Year_missing&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="Please supply at least a "|year=" of publication if not a full "|date=", or use "|year=year unspecified" for intentional omission.">year missing</span></a></i>]</sup> Use when the year of publication of a source is needed </td></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Year_needed" title="Template:Year needed">year needed</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:year_needed&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Year_needed" title="Template talk:Year needed">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Year_needed&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="Need the year this event took place">year needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Use when the date of an event is needed </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Links_for_search" data-mw-thread-id="h-Links_for_search-Verifiability_and_sources"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Links_for_search-Verifiability_and_sources"></span>Links for search<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Links_for_search-Verifiability_and_sources"></span></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Template_index/Cleanup/Verifiability_and_sources&action=edit&section=T-6" title="Edit section: Links for search"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Tag </th> <th width="100%">Text that will be shown (and usage notes) </th></tr> <tr> <td style="white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:top;"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Find_sources" title="Template:Find sources">find sources</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:find_sources&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Find_sources" title="Template talk:Find sources">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Find_sources&action=edit">edit</a></small></span> </td> <td><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22example%22">Google</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22example%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22example%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22example%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?safe=off&tbs=sur:fmc&tbm=isch&q=%22example%22+-site:wikipedia.org+-site:wikimedia.org">free images</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/custom?hl=en&cx=007734830908295939403%3Agalkqgoksq0&cof=FORID%3A13%3BAH%3Aleft%3BCX%3AWikipedia%2520Reference%2520Search&q=%22example%22">WP refs</a>) <b>·</b> <span title="Free English newspaper sources" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Free_English_newspaper_sources">FENS</a></span> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22example%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a> <b>·</b> <span title="The Wikipedia Library" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/search/?q=%22example%22">TWL</a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Search" title="Template:Search">search</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><small><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere/Template:search&limit=500">links</a> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Search" title="Template talk:Search">talk</a> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Search&action=edit">edit</a></small></span></td> <td> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126417077">.mw-parser-output .template-search,.mw-parser-output .template-search ul,.mw-parser-output .template-search li{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .template-search abbr{border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .template-search li:not(:last-child){padding-right:0.2em}</style>(<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist template-search plainlinks"><ul><li><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Search&search=example+phrase"><abbr title="Wikipedia">wp</abbr></a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=example+phrase"><abbr title="Google">g</abbr></a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bing.com/search?q=example+phrase"><abbr title="Bing">b</abbr></a></li></ul></div>) </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Including_third-party_content" data-mw-thread-id="h-Including_third-party_content"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Including_third-party_content"></span>Including third-party content<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Including_third-party_content"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Template_index/Sources_of_articles&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Including third-party content"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_States_federal_government_attribution_templates" data-mw-thread-id="h-United_States_federal_government_attribution_templates-Including_third-party_content"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-United_States_federal_government_attribution_templates-Including_third-party_content"></span>United States federal government attribution templates<span data-mw-comment-end="h-United_States_federal_government_attribution_templates-Including_third-party_content"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Template_index/Sources_of_articles&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: United States federal government attribution templates"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>These templates can be added to articles (close to the end of the article, in the <i>References</i> or <i>External links</i> section, for example). Before adding the template to an article, check the details of the usage—some templates require parameters such as a URL. Most of these templates add the articles to the category <i><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_text_from_public_domain_works_of_the_United_States_Government" title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating text from public domain works of the United States Government">Wikipedia articles incorporating text from public domain works of the United States Government</a></i>. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Template</th> <th>Display </th></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:US_Air_Force" title="Template:US Air Force">US Air Force</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> <small><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Air_Force" title="Template talk:Air Force">Talk</a></small></td> <td><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196"/></span></span> This article incorporates <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.af.mil/Disclaimer.aspx">public domain material</a> from the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.af.mil">United States Air Force</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:AFHRA" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:AFHRA">AFHRA</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> <small><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:AFHRA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:AFHRA (page does not exist)">Talk</a></small></td> <td><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196"/></span></span> This article incorporates <a href="/wiki/Copyright_status_of_works_by_the_federal_government_of_the_United_States" title="Copyright status of works by the federal government of the United States">public domain material</a> from the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.afhra.af.mil/">Air Force Historical Research Agency</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Bioguide" title="Template:Bioguide">Bioguide</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> <small><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Bioguide" title="Template talk:Bioguide">Talk</a></small></td> <td><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196"/></span></span> This article incorporates <a href="/wiki/Copyright_status_of_works_by_the_federal_government_of_the_United_States" title="Copyright status of works by the federal government of the United States">public domain material</a> from the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov">Biographical Directory of the United States Congress</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:CDC" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:CDC">CDC</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> <small><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:CDC" class="mw-redirect" title="Template talk:CDC">Talk</a></small></td> <td><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196"/></span></span> This article incorporates <a href="/wiki/Copyright_status_of_works_by_the_federal_government_of_the_United_States" title="Copyright status of works by the federal government of the United States">public domain material</a> from websites or documents of the <a href="/wiki/Centers_for_Disease_Control_and_Prevention" title="Centers for Disease Control and Prevention">Centers for Disease Control and Prevention</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:CIA_World_Factbook" title="Template:CIA World Factbook">CIA World Factbook</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> <small><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:CIA_World_Factbook" title="Template talk:CIA World Factbook">Talk</a></small></td> <td><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196"/></span></span> This article incorporates <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/about/copyright-and-contributors/">public domain material</a> from <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/"><i>The World Factbook</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/CIA" class="mw-redirect" title="CIA">CIA</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.pub=CIA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:USCG" title="Template:USCG">USCG</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> <small><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:USCG" title="Template talk:USCG">Talk</a></small></td> <td><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196"/></span></span> This article incorporates <a href="/wiki/Copyright_status_of_works_by_the_federal_government_of_the_United_States" title="Copyright status of works by the federal government of the United States">public domain material</a> from websites or documents of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard" title="United States Coast Guard">United States Coast Guard</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Country_study" title="Template:Country study">Country study</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> <small><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Country_study" title="Template talk:Country study">Talk</a></small></td> <td><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196"/></span></span> This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/collections/country-studies/about-this-collection/"><i>Country Studies</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Federal_Research_Division" title="Federal Research Division">Federal Research 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<td><i>This article incorporates written opinion of a <a href="/wiki/United_States_federal_courts" class="mw-redirect" title="United States federal courts">United States federal court</a>. As a <a href="/wiki/Work_of_the_United_States_Government" class="mw-redirect" title="Work of the United States Government">work</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Government_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Government of the United States">U.S. federal government</a>, the text is in the <b><a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a></b>. <small>"[T]he Court is unanimously of opinion that no reporter has or can have any copyright in the written opinions delivered by this Court." <a href="/wiki/Wheaton_v._Peters" title="Wheaton v. Peters">Wheaton v. Peters</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://supreme.justia.com/us/33/591/case.html">33 U.S. (8 Pet.) 591, 668</a> (1834)</small></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Usgs-gazetteer" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Usgs-gazetteer">Usgs-gazetteer</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> <small><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Usgs-&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Usgs- (page does not exist)">Talk</a></small></td> <td><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196"/></span></span> This article incorporates <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usgs.gov/information-policies-and-instructions/copyrights-and-credits">public domain material</a> from <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usgs.gov/u.s.-board-on-geographic-names/antarctic-names">" "</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Geographic_Names_Information_System" title="Geographic Names Information System">Geographic Names Information System</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey">United States Geological Survey</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geographic+Names+Information+System&rft.atitle=%26%2332%3B&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usgs.gov%2Fu.s.-board-on-geographic-names%2Fantarctic-names&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_States_state_government_attribution_templates" data-mw-thread-id="h-United_States_state_government_attribution_templates-Including_third-party_content"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-United_States_state_government_attribution_templates-Including_third-party_content"></span>United States state government attribution templates<span data-mw-comment-end="h-United_States_state_government_attribution_templates-Including_third-party_content"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Template_index/Sources_of_articles&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: United States state government attribution templates"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From <a href="/wiki/Category:United_States_State_government_attribution_templates" title="Category:United States State government attribution templates">Category:United States State government attribution templates</a>: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Template</th> <th>Display </th></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:CAGovernment" title="Template:CAGovernment">CAGovernment</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/15px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/23px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/30px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196"/></span></span> <i>This article incorporates text from {{{sourceURL}}}, a <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a> work of the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_California" title="Government of California">Government of California</a>.</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:California_tourist_guide" title="Template:California tourist guide">California tourist guide</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDruryDrury,_Aubrey1913" class="citation book cs1">Drury, Wells; Drury, Aubrey (1913). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yQtFAAAAIAAJ"><i>California tourist guide and handbook: authentic description of routes of travel and points of interest in California</i></a>. Western guidebook company. p. {{{1}}}<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 June</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=California+tourist+guide+and+handbook%3A+authentic+description+of+routes+of+travel+and+points+of+interest+in+California&rft.pages=%7B%7B%7B1%7D%7D%7D&rft.pub=Western+guidebook+company&rft.date=1913&rft.aulast=Drury&rft.aufirst=Wells&rft.au=Drury%2C+Aubrey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyQtFAAAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:FLGovernment" title="Template:FLGovernment">FLGovernment</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/15px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/23px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/30px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196"/></span></span> <i>This article incorporates text from {{{sourceURL}}}, a <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a> work of the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Florida" title="Government of Florida">Government of Florida</a>.</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Geological_Survey_of_California" title="Template:Geological Survey of California">Geological Survey of California</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGeological_Survey_of_California1865" class="citation book cs1">Geological Survey of California (1865). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Db0QAAAAIAAJ"><i>Geology</i></a>. Caxton Press of Sherman & Co. p. {{{1}}}.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Geology&rft.pages=%7B%7B%7B1%7D%7D%7D&rft.pub=Caxton+Press+of+Sherman+%26+Co.&rft.date=1865&rft.au=Geological+Survey+of+California&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDb0QAAAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Include-ILCS" title="Template:Include-ILCS">Include-ILCS</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></td> <td><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196"/></span></span> <i>This article incorporates <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ilga.gov/commission/lrb/lrbnew.htm">public domain</a> material from the <a href="/wiki/Illinois_Compiled_Statutes" title="Illinois Compiled Statutes">Illinois Compiled Statutes</a>.</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Natural_Wealth_of_California" title="Template:Natural Wealth of California">Natural Wealth of California</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCronise1868" class="citation book cs1">Cronise, Titus Fey (1868). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Q8IUAAAAYAAJ"><i>The Natural Wealth of California: Comprising Early History; Geography, Topography, and Scenery; Climate; Agriculture and Commercial Products; Geology, Zoology, and Botany; Mineralogy, Mines, and Mining Processes; Manufactures; Steamship Lines, Railroads, and Commerce; Immigration, Population and Society; Educational Institutions and Literature; Together with a Detailed Description of Each County; Its Topography, Scenery, Cities and Towns, Agricultural Advantages, Mineral Resources, and Varied Productions</i></a>. H.H. Bancroft & Company.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Natural+Wealth+of+California%3A+Comprising+Early+History%3B+Geography%2C+Topography%2C+and+Scenery%3B+Climate%3B+Agriculture+and+Commercial+Products%3B+Geology%2C+Zoology%2C+and+Botany%3B+Mineralogy%2C+Mines%2C+and+Mining+Processes%3B+Manufactures%3B+Steamship+Lines%2C+Railroads%2C+and+Commerce%3B+Immigration%2C+Population+and+Society%3B+Educational+Institutions+and+Literature%3B+Together+with+a+Detailed+Description+of+Each+County%3B+Its+Topography%2C+Scenery%2C+Cities+and+Towns%2C+Agricultural+Advantages%2C+Mineral+Resources%2C+and+Varied+Productions&rft.pub=H.H.+Bancroft+%26+Company&rft.date=1868&rft.aulast=Cronise&rft.aufirst=Titus+Fey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQ8IUAAAAYAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:NHStateBuilders" title="Template:NHStateBuilders">NHStateBuilders</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></td> <td><i>This article incorporates text from the 1903 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NFgDAAAAYAAJ">State Builders; An Illustrated Historical and Biographical Record of the State of New Hampshire at the Beginning of the Twentieth Century</a> by George Franklyn Willey, a book now in the public domain. Please feel free to update the text but please maintain the proper citations on the information from that source</i>. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Other" data-mw-thread-id="h-Other"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Other"></span>Other<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Other"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Template_index/Sources_of_articles&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Other"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Some of the reference types below use named fields (such as Title=Electric Power Monthly). In these references, you must use the <i>exact</i> field name (capitalization matters). Fields are separated with pipe (|) characters. The order of the fields does not matter. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Public_domain" data-mw-thread-id="h-Public_domain-Other"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Public_domain-Other"></span>Public domain<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Public_domain-Other"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Template_index/Sources_of_articles&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Public domain"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>What to type</th> <th>What it makes</th> <th>Where it goes </th></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:1728" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:1728">1728</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> <br/> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:1728&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:1728 (page does not exist)">Talk</a> </td> <td><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196"/></span></span> This article incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChambers1728" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ephraim_Chambers" title="Ephraim Chambers">Chambers, Ephraim</a>, ed. (1728). <i><a href="/wiki/Cyclop%C3%A6dia,_or_an_Universal_Dictionary_of_Arts_and_Sciences" title="Cyclopædia, or an Universal Dictionary of Arts and Sciences">Cyclopædia, or an Universal Dictionary of Arts and Sciences</a></i> (1st ed.). James and John Knapton, et al.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=James+and+John+Knapton%2C+et+al&rft.date=1728&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_encyclopedia" title="Template:Cite encyclopedia">cite encyclopedia</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Missing or empty <code class="cs1-code">|title=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#citation_missing_title" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span> </td> <td>Articles <br/> near bottom </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:1771_Britannica" title="Template:1771 Britannica">1771 Britannica</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> <br/> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:1771_Britannica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:1771 Britannica (page does not exist)">Talk</a> </td> <td><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196"/></span></span> <i>This article incorporates text from the 1771 <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a>, which is in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a></i>. </td> <td>Articles <br/> near bottom </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:1911" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:1911">1911</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> <br/> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:1911&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:1911 (page does not exist)">Talk</a> </td> <td><span class="noprint"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PD-icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196"/></a></span> </span>This article incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i> (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_encyclopedia" title="Template:Cite encyclopedia">cite encyclopedia</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Missing or empty <code class="cs1-code">|title=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#citation_missing_title" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span> </td> <td>Articles <br/> near bottom </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Sect1911" title="Template:Sect1911">Sect1911</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> <br/> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Sect1911&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Sect1911 (page does not exist)">Talk</a> </td> <td><span class="noprint"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196"/></span></span> </span>This section incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i> (11th ed.). 1911.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.edition=11th&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_encyclopedia" title="Template:Cite encyclopedia">cite encyclopedia</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Missing or empty <code class="cs1-code">|title=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#citation_missing_title" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span> </td> <td>Articles <br/> at the end of a section </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:WD1913" title="Template:WD1913">WD1913</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> <br/> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:WD1913&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:WD1913 (page does not exist)">Talk</a> </td> <td><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196"/></span></span> This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPorter1913" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Noah_Porter" title="Noah Porter">Porter, Noah</a>, ed. (1913). <i><a href="/wiki/Webster%27s_Dictionary#1913_edition" title="Webster's Dictionary">Webster's Dictionary</a></i>. Springfield, Massachusetts: C. & G. Merriam Co.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.place=Springfield%2C+Massachusetts&rft.pub=C.+%26+G.+Merriam+Co.&rft.date=1913&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_encyclopedia" title="Template:Cite encyclopedia">cite encyclopedia</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Missing or empty <code class="cs1-code">|title=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#citation_missing_title" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span> </td> <td>Articles <br/> near bottom </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:A_Short_Biographical_Dictionary_of_English_Literature" title="Template:A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature">A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> <br/> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:A_Short_Biographical_Dictionary_of_English_Literature" title="Template talk:A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature">Talk</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikisource-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430"/></a></span> This article incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCousin1910" class="citation cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_William_Cousin" title="John William Cousin">Cousin, John William</a> (1910). <i><a href="/wiki/A_Short_Biographical_Dictionary_of_English_Literature" title="A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature">A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature</a></i>. London: J. M. Dent & Sons – via <a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Short+Biographical+Dictionary+of+English+Literature&rft.place=London&rft.pub=J.+M.+Dent+%26amp%3B+Sons&rft.date=1910&rft.aulast=Cousin&rft.aufirst=John+William&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </td> <td>Articles <br/> near bottom </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Catholic">Catholic</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> <br/> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Catholic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Catholic (page does not exist)">Talk</a> </td> <td><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196"/></span></span> This article incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHerbermann1913" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). <i><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia" title="Catholic Encyclopedia">Catholic Encyclopedia</a></i>. New York: Robert Appleton Company.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Robert+Appleton+Company&rft.date=1913&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_encyclopedia" title="Template:Cite encyclopedia">cite encyclopedia</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Missing or empty <code class="cs1-code">|title=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#citation_missing_title" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span> </td> <td>Articles <br/> near bottom </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:DCBL" title="Template:DCBL">DCBL</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> <br/> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:DCBL" title="Template talk:DCBL">Talk</a> </td> <td><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196"/></span></span> This article incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWacePiercy1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Wace_(priest)" title="Henry Wace (priest)">Wace, Henry</a>; Piercy, William C., eds. (1911). <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_Christian_Biography_and_Literature_to_the_End_of_the_Sixth_Century" title="Dictionary of Christian Biography and Literature to the End of the Sixth Century">Dictionary of Christian Biography and Literature to the End of the Sixth Century</a></i> (3rd ed.). London: John Murray.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.place=London&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=John+Murray&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_encyclopedia" title="Template:Cite encyclopedia">cite encyclopedia</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Missing or empty <code class="cs1-code">|title=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#citation_missing_title" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span> </td> <td>Articles <br/> near bottom </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:DNB" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:DNB">DNB</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> <br/><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:DNB" class="mw-redirect" title="Template talk:DNB">Talk</a> </td> <td><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196"/></span></span> This article incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">Dictionary of National Biography</a></i>. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Smith%2C+Elder+%26+Co&rft.date=1885%2F1900&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_encyclopedia" title="Template:Cite encyclopedia">cite encyclopedia</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Missing or empty <code class="cs1-code">|title=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#citation_missing_title" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span> </td> <td>Articles <br/> near bottom </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Eastons" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Eastons">Eastons</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> <br/> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Eastons" class="mw-redirect" title="Template talk:Eastons">Talk</a> </td> <td><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196"/></span></span> This article incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEaston1897" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Matthew_George_Easton" title="Matthew George Easton">Easton, Matthew George</a> (1897). <i><a href="/wiki/Easton%27s_Bible_Dictionary" title="Easton's Bible Dictionary">Easton's Bible Dictionary</a></i> (New and revised ed.). T. Nelson and Sons.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.edition=New+and+revised&rft.pub=T.+Nelson+and+Sons&rft.date=1897&rft.aulast=Easton&rft.aufirst=Matthew+George&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_encyclopedia" title="Template:Cite encyclopedia">cite encyclopedia</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Missing or empty <code class="cs1-code">|title=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#citation_missing_title" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span> </td> <td>Articles <br/> at top </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Etude" title="Template:Etude">Etude</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> <br/> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Etude&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Etude (page does not exist)">Talk</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>Articles <br/> near bottom </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Gray%27s" title="Template:Gray's">Gray's</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> <br/> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Gray%27s" title="Template talk:Gray's">Talk</a> </td> <td><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196"/></span></span> <i>This article incorporates text in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a> from the 20th edition of</i> <a href="/wiki/Gray%27s_Anatomy" title="Gray's Anatomy">Gray's Anatomy</a> <i>(1918)</i> </td> <td>Articles <br/> near bottom </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Grocers" title="Template:Grocers">Grocers</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> <br/> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Grocers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Grocers (page does not exist)">Talk</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196"/></span></span> This article incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWard1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Ward, Artemas (1911). "The Grocer's Encyclopedia". <i><a href="/wiki/The_Grocer%27s_Encyclopedia" title="The Grocer's Encyclopedia">The Grocer's Encyclopedia</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Grocer%27s+Encyclopedia&rft.btitle=The+Grocer%27s+Encyclopedia&rft.date=1911&rft.aulast=Ward&rft.aufirst=Artemas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </td> <td>Articles <br/> near bottom </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:GSE" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:GSE">GSE</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> <br/> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:GSE" class="mw-redirect" title="Template talk:GSE">Talk</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ghana_Stock_Exchange" title="Ghana Stock Exchange">GSE</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gse.com.gh/listed-companies/">{{{1}}}</a> </td> <td>Articles <br/> near bottom </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:JargonFile" title="Template:JargonFile">JargonFile</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> <br/> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:JargonFile" title="Template talk:JargonFile">Talk</a> </td> <td><i>This article is based in part on the <a href="/wiki/Jargon_File" title="Jargon File">Jargon File</a>, which is in the public domain.</i> </td> <td>Articles <br/> near bottom </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:JewishEncyclopedia" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:JewishEncyclopedia">JewishEncyclopedia</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> <br/> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:JewishEncyclopedia" class="mw-redirect" title="Template talk:JewishEncyclopedia">Talk</a> </td> <td><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196"/></span></span> This article incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSinger1901–1906" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Isidore_Singer" title="Isidore Singer">Singer, Isidore</a>; et al., eds. (1901–1906). <i><a href="/wiki/The_Jewish_Encyclopedia" title="The Jewish Encyclopedia">The Jewish Encyclopedia</a></i>. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Funk+%26+Wagnalls&rft.date=1901%2F1906&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_encyclopedia" title="Template:Cite encyclopedia">cite encyclopedia</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Missing or empty <code class="cs1-code">|title=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#citation_missing_title" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span> </td> <td>Articles <br/> near bottom </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:KeyTarot" title="Template:KeyTarot">KeyTarot</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> <br/> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:KeyTarot&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:KeyTarot (page does not exist)">Talk</a> </td> <td><i>This article incorporates text from the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a> 1910 book</i> <a href="/wiki/The_Pictorial_Key_to_the_Tarot" title="The Pictorial Key to the Tarot">The Pictorial Key to the Tarot</a> <i>by <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Edward_Waite" class="mw-redirect" title="Arthur Edward Waite">Arthur Edward Waite</a>. 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(1914). <i><a href="/wiki/New_Schaff%E2%80%93Herzog_Encyclopedia_of_Religious_Knowledge" class="mw-redirect" title="New Schaff–Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge">New Schaff–Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge</a></i> (third ed.). London and New York: Funk and Wagnalls.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.place=London+and+New+York&rft.edition=third&rft.pub=Funk+and+Wagnalls&rft.date=1914&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_encyclopedia" title="Template:Cite encyclopedia">cite encyclopedia</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Missing or empty <code class="cs1-code">|title=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#citation_missing_title" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span> </td> <td>Articles <br/> near bottom </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:SeyffertDCA" title="Template:SeyffertDCA">SeyffertDCA</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> <br/> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:SeyffertDCA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:SeyffertDCA (page does not exist)">Talk</a> </td> <td><i>This article incorporates text from the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a> Dictionary of Classical Antiquities by <a href="/wiki/Oskar_Seyffert_(classical_scholar)" title="Oskar Seyffert (classical scholar)">Oskar Seyffert</a>, edited by <a href="/wiki/Henry_Nettleship" title="Henry Nettleship">Henry Nettleship</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_Edwin_Sandys" class="mw-redirect" title="John Edwin Sandys">J. E. 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(1870). <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_Greek_and_Roman_Antiquities" class="mw-redirect" title="Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities">Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities</a></i>. London: John Murray.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.place=London&rft.pub=John+Murray&rft.date=1870&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_encyclopedia" title="Template:Cite encyclopedia">cite encyclopedia</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Missing or empty <code class="cs1-code">|title=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#citation_missing_title" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span> </td> <td>Articles <br/> near bottom </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:DGRBM" title="Template:DGRBM">DGRBM</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> <br/> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:DGRBM" title="Template talk:DGRBM">Talk</a> </td> <td><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196"/></span></span> This article incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith1870" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/William_Smith_(lexicographer)" title="William Smith (lexicographer)">Smith, William</a>, ed. (1870). <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_Greek_and_Roman_Biography_and_Mythology" title="Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology">Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.date=1870&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_encyclopedia" title="Template:Cite encyclopedia">cite encyclopedia</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Missing or empty <code class="cs1-code">|title=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#citation_missing_title" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span> </td> <td>Articles <br/> near bottom </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:DGRG" title="Template:DGRG">DGRG</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> <br/> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:DGRG" title="Template talk:DGRG">Talk</a> </td> <td><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196"/></span></span> This article incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith1854–1857" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/William_Smith_(lexicographer)" title="William Smith (lexicographer)">Smith, William</a>, ed. (1854–1857). <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_Greek_and_Roman_Geography" title="Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography">Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography</a></i>. London: John Murray.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.place=London&rft.pub=John+Murray&rft.date=1854%2F1857&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_encyclopedia" title="Template:Cite encyclopedia">cite encyclopedia</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Missing or empty <code class="cs1-code">|title=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#citation_missing_title" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span> </td> <td>Articles <br/> near bottom </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Vectorsite" title="Template:Vectorsite">Vectorsite</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> <br/> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Vectorsite&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template 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Wikipedia">Wikipedia:Copying within Wikipedia</a>. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>What to type</th> <th>What it makes</th> <th>Where it goes </th></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Citizendium" title="Template:Citizendium">Citizendium</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Citizendium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Citizendium (page does not exist)">Talk</a> </td> <td><i>This article incorporates material from the <a href="/wiki/Citizendium" title="Citizendium">Citizendium</a> article "<a href="https://en.citizendium.org/wiki/Template_index/Sources_of_articles" class="extiw" title="citizendium:Template index/Sources of articles">Template index/Sources of articles</a>", which is licensed under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_3.0_Unported_License" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Text of Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License</a> but not under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_GNU_Free_Documentation_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the GNU Free Documentation License">GFDL</a>.</i> </td> <td>Articles<br/> near bottom </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:From_Camerapedia" title="Template:From Camerapedia">from Camerapedia</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:From_Camerapedia" title="Template talk:From Camerapedia">Talk</a> </td> <td><div class="boilerplate" id="camerapedia"> <p><i>This article was originally based on one in Camerapedia, retrieved at an unknown date under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_GNU_Free_Documentation_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the GNU Free Documentation License">GNU Free Documentation License</a>.</i> </p> </div> </td> <td>Articles<br/> bottom </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:FOLDOC" title="Template:FOLDOC">FOLDOC</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:FOLDOC" title="Template talk:FOLDOC">Talk</a> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><span class="citation foldoc">This article is based on material taken from the <i><a href="/wiki/Free_On-line_Dictionary_of_Computing" title="Free On-line Dictionary of Computing">Free On-line Dictionary of Computing</a></i> prior to 1 November 2008 and incorporated under the "relicensing" terms of the <a href="/wiki/GNU_Free_Documentation_License" title="GNU Free Documentation License">GFDL</a>, version 1.3 or later.</span> </td> <td>Articles<br/> near bottom </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:OpenHistory" title="Template:OpenHistory">OpenHistory</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:OpenHistory" title="Template talk:OpenHistory">Talk</a> </td> <td><i>This article incorporates text from OpenHistory.</i> </td> <td>Articles<br/> near bottom </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Wookieepedia_content" title="Template:Wookieepedia content">wookieepedia content</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Wookieepedia_content" title="Template talk:Wookieepedia content">Talk</a> </td> <td><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237879475">.mw-parser-output .tmbox{margin:4px 0;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid #c0c090;background-color:#f8eaba;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmbox.mbox-small{font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .tmbox-speedy{border:2px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .tmbox-delete{border:2px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .tmbox-content{border:2px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .tmbox-style{border:2px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .tmbox-move{border:2px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .tmbox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.9em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmbox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmbox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmbox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .tmbox .mbox-invalid-type{text-align:center}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmbox{margin:4px 10%}.mw-parser-output .tmbox.mbox-small{clear:right;float:right;margin:4px 0 4px 1em;width:238px}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmbox{background-color:#2e2505}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmbox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmbox{background-color:#2e2505}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmbox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.tmbox img{max-width:none!important}</style><table class="plainlinks tmbox tmbox-notice" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/40px-Information_icon4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/60px-Information_icon4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/80px-Information_icon4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620"/></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text">As of <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title={{{1}}}&oldid={{{2}}}">this edit</a>, this article uses content from <b><a href="/wiki/Wookieepedia" title="Wookieepedia">Wookieepedia</a></b>. The original article was at <b>[[Wookieepedia:{{{1}}}|"{{{1}}}"]]</b> and the list of authors can be seen in the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://starwars.fandom.com/wiki/?title={{{1}}}&action=history"><b>page history</b></a>. As with that of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a>, the text of <a href="/wiki/Wookieepedia" title="Wookieepedia">Wookieepedia</a> is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:CC_BY-SA" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:CC BY-SA">CC BY-SA</a> License, and all relevant terms must be followed.</td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td>Talk pages<br/> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Citations_of_specific_sources" data-mw-thread-id="h-Citations_of_specific_sources"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Citations_of_specific_sources"></span>Citations of specific sources<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Citations_of_specific_sources"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Template_index/Sources_of_articles&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Citations of specific sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Notes: </p> <ul><li>See also <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_messages/Links#External_links" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Template messages/Links">Wikipedia:Template messages/Links#External links</a> for components of online citations such as <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOIs</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBNs</a> are autolinked by the Wikipedia software, though this feature is deprecated; see <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:ISBN" title="Wikipedia:ISBN">Wikipedia:ISBN</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Request_for_Comments" title="Request for Comments">RFC</a> references such as "RFC 2821" are also autolinked, though this feature is deprecated.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/PMID" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID">PMIDs</a> are also autolinked, though this feature is deprecated; see <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:PMID" title="Wikipedia:PMID">Wikipedia:PMID</a>.</li></ul> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>What to type</th> <th>What it makes </th></tr> <tr> <td>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:ITIS" title="Template:ITIS">ITIS</a>|ID=|taxon=|accessdate=}} <br/> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:ITIS" title="Template talk:ITIS">Talk</a> </td> <td> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=123456">"Genus species"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information System">Integrated Taxonomic Information System</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 January</span> 2004</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Genus+species&rft.pub=Integrated+Taxonomic+Information+System&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.itis.gov%2Fservlet%2FSingleRpt%2FSingleRpt%3Fsearch_topic%3DTSN%26search_value%3D123456&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:FishBase_species" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:FishBase species">FishBase species</a>|genus=|species=|year=|month=}} <br/> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:FishBase_species" class="mw-redirect" title="Template talk:FishBase species">Talk</a> </td> <td> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFroesePauly" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Rainer_Froese" title="Rainer Froese">Froese, Rainer</a>; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?genusname=Genus&speciesname=species">"<i>Genus species</i>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/FishBase" title="FishBase">FishBase</a></i>. January 2004 version.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=FishBase&rft.atitle=Genus+species&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fishbase.org%2Fsummary%2FSpeciesSummary.php%3Fgenusname%3DGenus%26speciesname%3Dspecies&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:FishBase_species_alt" title="Template:FishBase species alt">FishBase species alt</a>|ID=|taxon=|year=|month=}} <br/> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:FishBase_species_alt" title="Template talk:FishBase species alt">Talk</a> </td> <td> <p>Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fishbase.se/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1234">Genus species</a> in <a href="/wiki/FishBase" title="FishBase">FishBase</a>. January 2004 version. </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:FishBase_genus" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:FishBase genus">FishBase_genus</a>|genus=|year=|month=}} <br/> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:FishBase_genus" title="Template talk:FishBase genus">Talk</a> </td> <td> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFroesePauly" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Rainer_Froese" title="Rainer Froese">Froese, Rainer</a>; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fishbase.org/identification/SpeciesList.php?genus=Genus">"Species in genus <i>Genus</i>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/FishBase" title="FishBase">FishBase</a></i>. Month Year version.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=FishBase&rft.atitle=Species+in+genus+Genus&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fishbase.org%2Fidentification%2FSpeciesList.php%3Fgenus%3DGenus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:FishBase_family" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:FishBase family">FishBase family</a>|family=|year=|month=}} <br/> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:FishBase_family" title="Template talk:FishBase family">Talk</a> </td> <td> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFroesePauly" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Rainer_Froese" title="Rainer Froese">Froese, Rainer</a>; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fishbase.org/Summary/FamilySummary.php?family=Family">"Family Family"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/FishBase" title="FishBase">FishBase</a></i>. Month Year version.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=FishBase&rft.atitle=Family+Family&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fishbase.org%2FSummary%2FFamilySummary.php%3Ffamily%3DFamily&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_iucn" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Cite iucn">Cite iucn</a>|author=|title=|year=|ID=}} <br/> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cite_iucn" class="mw-redirect" title="Template talk:Cite iucn">Talk</a> </td> <td> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLastname,_Firstname_Initial2022" class="citation journal cs1">Lastname, Firstname Initial (2022). "Title". <i><a href="/wiki/IUCN_Red_List" title="IUCN Red List">IUCN Red List of Threatened Species</a></i>. <b>2022</b>. 1234.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IUCN+Red+List+of+Threatened+Species&rft.atitle=Title&rft.volume=2022&rft.date=2022&rft.au=Lastname%2C+Firstname+Initial&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="error" style="font-size:100%">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_iucn" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Cite iucn">cite iucn</a>}}: error: no identifier (<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_iucn#Error_messages" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Cite iucn">help</a>)</span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Gutenberg" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Gutenberg">Gutenberg</a> | no=6656 | name=The Kiltartan Poetry Book}} <br/> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Gutenberg" class="mw-redirect" title="Template talk:Gutenberg">Talk</a> </td> <td> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><span class="citation gutenberg"> <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gutenberg.org/ebooks/6656">The Kiltartan Poetry Book</a></i> at <a href="/wiki/Project_Gutenberg" title="Project Gutenberg">Project Gutenberg</a></span></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:MathWorld" title="Template:MathWorld">MathWorld</a> | urlname=PetersenGraph | title=Petersen Graph}} <br/> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:MathWorld" title="Template talk:MathWorld">Talk</a> </td> <td><span class="citation mathworld" id="Reference-Mathworld-Petersen_Graph"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeisstein" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Eric_W._Weisstein" title="Eric W. Weisstein">Weisstein, Eric W.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/PetersenGraph.html">"Petersen Graph"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/MathWorld" title="MathWorld">MathWorld</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MathWorld&rft.atitle=Petersen+Graph&rft.au=Weisstein%2C+Eric+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmathworld.wolfram.com%2FPetersenGraph.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:ScienceWorld" title="Template:ScienceWorld">ScienceWorld</a> | urlname=biography/Einstein.html | title=Albert Einstein}} <br/> <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:ScienceWorld" title="Template talk:ScienceWorld">Talk</a> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeisstein" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Eric_Wolfgang_Weisstein" class="mw-redirect" title="Eric Wolfgang Weisstein">Weisstein, Eric Wolfgang</a> (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://scienceworld.wolfram.com/biography/Einstein.html.html">"Albert Einstein"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/ScienceWorld" class="mw-redirect" title="ScienceWorld">ScienceWorld</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ScienceWorld&rft.atitle=Albert+Einstein&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fscienceworld.wolfram.com%2Fbiography%2FEinstein.html.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>The Encyclopedia of World History</i> at Bartleby.com<br/> <p>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Worldhistory" title="Template:Worldhistory">worldhistory</a>|section=|quote=}} </p> </td> <td> <ul><li>section – the portion between <b>http://www.bartleby.com/67/</b> and <b>.html</b> in the URL of the page you wish to cite. For example, if I wished to cite <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bartleby.com/67/716.html">http://www.bartleby.com/67/716.html</a>, the section is <b>716</b>.</li> <li>quote – What do you want the first part of the included text to read. The default is <i>Citation</i>.</li></ul> <p>Example: {{worldhistory|section=716|quote=Diderot's encyclopedia banned in 1751}}<br/> Creates: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStearns" class="citation book cs1">Stearns, Peter N. (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bartleby.com/67/716.html"><i>Encyclopedia of World History</i></a> (6th ed.). The Houghton Mifflin Company/<a href="/wiki/Bartleby.com" title="Bartleby.com">Bartleby.com</a>. <q>Diderot's encyclopedia banned in 1751</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+World+History&rft.edition=6th&rft.pub=The+Houghton+Mifflin+Company%2FBartleby.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bartleby.com%2F67%2F716.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey">USGS</a> <a href="/wiki/Geographic_Names_Information_System" title="Geographic Names Information System">Geographic Names Information System</a><br/> <p>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_gnis" title="Template:Cite gnis">Cite gnis</a>|id|name|type=}} </p> </td> <td> <p>Example: {{Cite gnis|2410240|Cotati}}<br/> Creates: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edits.nationalmap.gov/apps/gaz-domestic/public/search/names/2410240">"Cotati"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Geographic_Names_Information_System" title="Geographic Names Information System">Geographic Names Information System</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey">United States Geological Survey</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Interior" title="United States Department of the Interior">United States Department of the Interior</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Cotati&rft.btitle=Geographic+Names+Information+System&rft.pub=United+States+Geological+Survey%2C+United+States+Department+of+the+Interior&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fedits.nationalmap.gov%2Fapps%2Fgaz-domestic%2Fpublic%2Fsearch%2Fnames%2F2410240&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey">USGS</a> Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature<br/> <p>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Gpn" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Gpn">Gpn</a>|id|name}} </p> </td> <td> <p>Example: {{Gpn|65876|Stickney}}<br/> Creates: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/65876">"Stickney"</a>. <i>Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature</i>. USGS Astrogeology Research Program.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Stickney&rft.btitle=Gazetteer+of+Planetary+Nomenclature&rft.pub=USGS+Astrogeology+Research+Program&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fplanetarynames.wr.usgs.gov%2FFeature%2F65876&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Utah_Department_of_Transportation" title="Utah Department of Transportation">UDOT</a> Traffic Statistics<br/> <p>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:UDOT_AADT" title="Template:UDOT AADT">UDOT AADT</a>|year=}} </p> </td> <td> <p>Example: {{UDOT AADT|year=2023}}<br/> Creates: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.udot.utah.gov/connect/business/traffic-data/traffic-statistics/">"Traffic Statistics"</a>. <i>udot.utah.gov</i>. <a href="/wiki/Utah_Department_of_Transportation" title="Utah Department of Transportation">Utah Department of Transportation</a>. 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=udot.utah.gov&rft.atitle=Traffic+Statistics&rft.date=2023&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.udot.utah.gov%2Fconnect%2Fbusiness%2Ftraffic-data%2Ftraffic-statistics%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Citations_of_generic_sources" data-mw-thread-id="h-Citations_of_generic_sources"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Citations_of_generic_sources"></span>Citations of generic sources<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Citations_of_generic_sources"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Template_index/Sources_of_articles&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Citations of generic sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Transcluded from <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_templates" title="Wikipedia:Citation templates">Wikipedia:Citation templates</a></div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Wikimedia guide on citation templates</div> <p><b>Citation templates</b> are used to format citations in a consistent way, as an alternative to formatting the citations by hand. The use of citation templates is neither encouraged nor discouraged. Templates may be used or removed at the discretion of individual editors, subject to agreement with other editors on the article. <b>Because templates can be contentious, editors should not add citation templates, or change an article with a consistent citation format to another, without gaining consensus</b>; see <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:CITECONSENSUS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:CITECONSENSUS">WP:CITECONSENSUS</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:CITEVAR" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:CITEVAR">WP:CITEVAR</a>. The various citation templates may be freely mixed, since they all produce a similar format. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:DUPLINK" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:DUPLINK">WP:DUPLINK</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:OVERLINK" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:OVERLINK">WP:OVERLINK</a> do not apply to citations. It is expected that a reference citation includes wikilinks to the relevant article for the source, such as <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>, rather than <i>The New York Times</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Use_in_footnotes" data-mw-thread-id="h-Use_in_footnotes"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Use_in_footnotes"></span>Use in footnotes<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Use_in_footnotes"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Citation_templates&action=edit&section=T-1" title="Edit section: Use in footnotes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Help:Footnotes" title="Help:Footnotes">Help:Footnotes</a></div> <div class="plainlinks" style="border:1px solid #a7d7f9; padding: 0.8em; width: 25%; font-size: 87%; float:right;"> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:VisualEditor-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/VisualEditor-logo.svg/200px-VisualEditor-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/VisualEditor-logo.svg/300px-VisualEditor-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/VisualEditor-logo.svg/400px-VisualEditor-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="641" data-file-height="225"/></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <b>Instructions on this page may not work with VisualEditor.</b> If you have <a href="/wiki/Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures" title="Special:Preferences">opted in</a>, you can use either <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:VisualEditor" title="Wikipedia:VisualEditor">VisualEditor</a> or classic editing through <a href="/wiki/Help:Wiki_markup" class="mw-redirect" title="Help:Wiki markup">wiki markup</a> (wikitext) to edit most pages. The directions on this page, especially about what codes to type to produce formatting effects, are predominantly geared toward wikitext editing. For instructions on editing with VisualEditor, see <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:VisualEditor/User_guide" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:VisualEditor/User guide">Wikipedia:VisualEditor/User guide</a>. </div> <p>For a citation to appear in a footnote, it needs to be enclosed in "ref" tags. You can add these by typing <b><code class="nowrap" style=""><ref></code></b> at the front of the citation and <b><code class="nowrap" style=""></ref></code></b> at the end. Alternatively you may notice above the edit box there is a row of "markup" formatting buttons which include a <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1249182868">.mw-parser-output .keyboard-key{border:1px solid #aaa;border-radius:0.2em;box-shadow:0.1em 0.1em 0.2em rgba(0,0,0,0.1);background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);background-image:linear-gradient(to bottom,var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0),var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa),var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0));color:var(--color-base,#202122);padding:0.1em 0.3em;font-family:inherit;font-size:0.85em}</style><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap"><ref></ref></kbd> button to the right—if you highlight your whole citation and then click this markup button, it will automatically enclose your <i>citation</i> in ref tags (i.e. <b><code class="nowrap" style=""><ref></code></b><i>citation</i><b><code class="nowrap" style=""></ref></code></b>). </p><p>Note, if this is a new page or if there are not already references previously cited, it is necessary to create a section usually named "Notes" or "References" near the end of the page; see <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FNNR" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:FNNR">WP:FNNR</a> and <a href="/wiki/MOS:APPENDIX" class="mw-redirect" title="MOS:APPENDIX">MOS:APPENDIX</a> for more information on section names: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1195917819">.mw-parser-output .pre-borderless{border:none}</style><pre class="pre">==Notes== {{Reflist}}</pre> <p><i>or</i> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1195917819"><pre class="pre">==Notes== <references /></pre> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Using_the_same_footnote_multiple_times" data-mw-thread-id="h-Using_the_same_footnote_multiple_times"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Using_the_same_footnote_multiple_times"></span>Using the same footnote multiple times<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Using_the_same_footnote_multiple_times"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Citation_templates&action=edit&section=T-2" title="Edit section: Using the same footnote multiple times"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:REFNAME" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:REFNAME">WP:REFNAME</a></div> <p>Add a name <a href="/wiki/HTML#Attributes" title="HTML">attribute</a> when creating a footnote <code class="nowrap" style=""><ref name="name">citation text</ref></code>. Thereafter, the footnote may be referenced by just using the following expression <code class="nowrap" style=""><ref name="name" /></code>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Using_multiple_pages_from_the_same_source" data-mw-thread-id="h-Using_multiple_pages_from_the_same_source"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Using_multiple_pages_from_the_same_source"></span>Using multiple pages from the same source<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Using_multiple_pages_from_the_same_source"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Citation_templates&action=edit&section=T-3" title="Edit section: Using multiple pages from the same source"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Help:References_and_page_numbers" title="Help:References and page numbers">Help:References and page numbers</a></div> <p>When an article cites many different pages from the same source, there are two main methods of unifying them instead of copying a completely new citation. One method is <a href="/wiki/Help:Shortened_footnotes" title="Help:Shortened footnotes">Shortened footnotes</a>, which automatically displays an entirely new reference listing in the References section per unique page citation. Another method is to use the template <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Rp" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Rp">rp</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span>, which appends any type of positional information (such as page numbers, chapter numbers, or audiovisual time code) directly to each given citation in the article body, which would result in text such as <sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 2345">: 2345 </span></sup> appearing after a superscripted footnote number. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Creating_links_to_citations" data-mw-thread-id="h-Creating_links_to_citations"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Creating_links_to_citations"></span>Creating links to citations<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Creating_links_to_citations"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Citation_templates&action=edit&section=T-4" title="Edit section: Creating links to citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Glossary#Wikilink" title="Wikipedia:Glossary">Wikilinks</a> to citation templates can be created using the templates <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Harv" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Harv">harv</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span>, <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Harvnb" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Harvnb">harvnb</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span>, <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Harvtxt" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Harvtxt">harvtxt</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span>, <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Sfn" title="Template:Sfn">sfn</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span>, etc. For example, this "<a href="#CITEREFMumford1999">Mumford 1999</a><span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harvnb error: no target: CITEREFMumford1999 (<a href="/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span>" links to a citation template below. This is of particular interest when using <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Shortened_footnotes" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">shortened footnotes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (See the <a href="#Harvard_reference_and_shortened_footnote_examples">examples</a> below or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources/Further_considerations#Wikilinks_to_full_references" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources/Further considerations">wikilinks to full references</a>.) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Using_commas_rather_than_periods" data-mw-thread-id="h-Using_commas_rather_than_periods"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Using_commas_rather_than_periods"></span>Using commas rather than periods<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Using_commas_rather_than_periods"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Citation_templates&action=edit&section=T-5" title="Edit section: Using commas rather than periods"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Citation" title="Template:Citation">Citation</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> creates a citation in the same format as most of the <a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_Style_1" title="Help:Citation Style 1">Citation Style 1</a> templates, except that the periods (or full stops) are replaced with commas, and there is no final period or full stop. A complete list of templates that are mimicked by <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Citation" title="Template:Citation">citation</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> can be found at <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Citation/core" title="Template:Citation/core">citation/core</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span>. The parameter <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|mode=</code> can be used to alter the punctuation. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Examples" data-mw-thread-id="h-Examples"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Examples"></span>Examples<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Examples"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Citation_templates&action=edit&section=T-6" title="Edit section: Examples"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable selfref">See also: <a href="/wiki/Category:Citation_templates" title="Category:Citation templates">Category:Citation templates</a></div> <p>Below are examples of how to use various <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Template">templates</a> to cite a <b>book</b>, <b>encyclopedia</b>, <b>journal</b>, <b>website</b>, <b>comic strip</b>, <b>video</b>, <b>editorial comics</b>, etc. </p> <ul><li><b>For full description of a template</b> and the parameters which can be used with it—<b>click the template name</b> (e.g. <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Citation" title="Template:Citation">Citation</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> or <span>{{<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_templates#Examples" title="Wikipedia:Citation templates">cite xxx</a>}}</span>) in the "<b>template</b>" column of the table below.</li> <li><b>Required</b> field(s) are indicated in <b>bold</b></li> <li>Copy and paste the text under "<b>common usage</b>" to use the template.</li> <li>Following each example is the resulting article text.</li></ul> <p>For a list of tools that can help create some of the templates below, see: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_tools" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Citation tools">Wikipedia:Citation tools</a>. </p><p>Citations are commonly embedded in reference templates. For more information, see: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Footnotes" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Footnotes">Wikipedia:Footnotes</a>. </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <table class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Source </th> <th>Template </th> <th>Common usage </th> <th>Examples </th></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2">book </th> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><b>title</b> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{cite book | last = | first = | author-link = | title = | publisher = | series = | volume = | edition = | date = | location = | pages = | language = | url = | doi = | id = | isbn = | mr = | zbl = | jfm =}} </pre> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{cite book | last = Mumford | first = David | author-link = David Mumford | title = The Red Book of Varieties and Schemes | publisher = [[Springer-Verlag]] | series = Lecture Notes in Mathematics | volume = 1358 | edition = 2nd expanded | location = Berlin | date = 1899 | page = 198 | doi = 10.1007/b62130 | isbn = 354063293X | mr = 1748380 | zbl = 0945.14001}} </pre> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMumford1999" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/David_Mumford" title="David Mumford">Mumford, David</a> (1999). <i>The Red Book of Varieties and Schemes</i>. Lecture Notes in Mathematics. Vol. 1358 (2nd expanded ed.). Berlin: <a href="/wiki/Springer-Verlag" class="mw-redirect" title="Springer-Verlag">Springer-Verlag</a>. p. 198. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fb62130">10.1007/b62130</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/354063293X" title="Special:BookSources/354063293X"><bdi>354063293X</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/MR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="MR (identifier)">MR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet-getitem?mr=1748380">1748380</a>. <a href="/wiki/Zbl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Zbl (identifier)">Zbl</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zbmath.org/?format=complete&q=an:0945.14001">0945.14001</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Red+Book+of+Varieties+and+Schemes&rft.place=Berlin&rft.series=Lecture+Notes+in+Mathematics&rft.pages=198&rft.edition=2nd+expanded&rft.pub=Springer-Verlag&rft.date=1999&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fzbmath.org%2F%3Fformat%3Dcomplete%26q%3Dan%3A0945.14001%23id-name%3DZbl&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmathscinet.ams.org%2Fmathscinet-getitem%3Fmr%3D1748380%23id-name%3DMR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fb62130&rft.isbn=354063293X&rft.aulast=Mumford&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </p> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{cite book | last1 = Cordell | first1 = Bruce R. | first2 = Jeff | last2 = Grubb | first3 =David | last3 = Noonan | title = [[Manual of the Planes]] | location = Berlin | publisher = [[Wizards of the Coast]] | pages = 198–203 | date = September 2001 | isbn = 0-786918-50-0}} </pre> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCordellGrubbNoonan2001" class="citation book cs1">Cordell, Bruce R.; Grubb, Jeff; Noonan, David (September 2001). <i><a href="/wiki/Manual_of_the_Planes" title="Manual of the Planes">Manual of the Planes</a></i>. Berlin: <a href="/wiki/Wizards_of_the_Coast" title="Wizards of the Coast">Wizards of the Coast</a>. pp. 198–203. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-786918-50-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-786918-50-0"><bdi>0-786918-50-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Manual+of+the+Planes&rft.place=Berlin&rft.pages=198-203&rft.pub=Wizards+of+the+Coast&rft.date=2001-09&rft.isbn=0-786918-50-0&rft.aulast=Cordell&rft.aufirst=Bruce+R.&rft.au=Grubb%2C+Jeff&rft.au=Noonan%2C+David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Citation" title="Template:Citation">Citation</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{Citation | last = | first = | author-link = | last2 = | first2 = | author-link2 = | title = | place = | publisher = | series = | volume = | orig-date = | year = | edition = | chapter = | chapter-url = | page = | pages = | language = | url = | archive-url = | archive-date = | doi = | id = | isbn = | mr = | zbl = | jfm = }} </pre> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{Citation | last = Mumford | first = David | author-link = David Mumford | title = The Red Book of Varieties and Schemes | place = Berlin | publisher = [[Springer-Verlag]] | series = Lecture Notes in Mathematics | volume = 1358 | edition = 2nd expanded | date = 1989 | page = 198 | doi = 10.1007/b62130 | isbn = 354063293X | mr = 1748380 | zbl = 0945.14001}} </pre> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMumford1998" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/David_Mumford" title="David Mumford">Mumford, David</a> (1998), <i>The Red Book of Varieties and Schemes</i>, Lecture Notes in Mathematics, vol. 1358 (2nd expanded ed.), Berlin: <a href="/wiki/Springer-Verlag" class="mw-redirect" title="Springer-Verlag">Springer-Verlag</a>, p. 198, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fb62130">10.1007/b62130</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/354063293X" title="Special:BookSources/354063293X"><bdi>354063293X</bdi></a>, <a href="/wiki/MR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="MR (identifier)">MR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet-getitem?mr=1748380">1748380</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zbl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Zbl (identifier)">Zbl</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zbmath.org/?format=complete&q=an:0945.14001">0945.14001</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Red+Book+of+Varieties+and+Schemes&rft.place=Berlin&rft.series=Lecture+Notes+in+Mathematics&rft.pages=198&rft.edition=2nd+expanded&rft.pub=Springer-Verlag&rft.date=1998&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fzbmath.org%2F%3Fformat%3Dcomplete%26q%3Dan%3A0945.14001%23id-name%3DZbl&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmathscinet.ams.org%2Fmathscinet-getitem%3Fmr%3D1748380%23id-name%3DMR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fb62130&rft.isbn=354063293X&rft.aulast=Mumford&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </p> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{Citation | last1 = Cordell | first1 = Bruce R. | last2 = Grubb | first2 = Jeff | last3 = Noonan | first3 = David | title = [[Manual of the Planes]] | place = Berlin | publisher = [[Wizards of the Coast]] | pages = 198–203 | date = September 2001 | isbn = 0-786918-50-0}} </pre> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCordellGrubbNoonan2001" class="citation cs2">Cordell, Bruce R.; Grubb, Jeff; Noonan, David (September 2001), <i><a href="/wiki/Manual_of_the_Planes" title="Manual of the Planes">Manual of the Planes</a></i>, Berlin: <a href="/wiki/Wizards_of_the_Coast" title="Wizards of the Coast">Wizards of the Coast</a>, pp. 198–203, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-786918-50-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-786918-50-0"><bdi>0-786918-50-0</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Manual+of+the+Planes&rft.place=Berlin&rft.pages=198-203&rft.pub=Wizards+of+the+Coast&rft.date=2001-09&rft.isbn=0-786918-50-0&rft.aulast=Cordell&rft.aufirst=Bruce+R.&rft.au=Grubb%2C+Jeff&rft.au=Noonan%2C+David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2">journal<br/>paper<br/>thesis<br/>dissertation<br/>See also <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_thesis" title="Template:Cite thesis">cite thesis</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> </th> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><b>title</b> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{cite journal | last = | first = | author-link = | title = | journal = | volume = | issue = | pages = | publisher = | location = | date = | language = | url = | jstor = | issn = | doi = | id = | mr = | zbl = | jfm = | access-date = }} </pre> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{cite journal | author-link = Stephen Brey... | title = Copyright: A Rejo... | journal = UCLA Law Review | volume = 20 | pages = 75–83 | date = October 1972}} </pre> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBreyer1972" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Breyer" title="Stephen Breyer">Breyer, Stephen</a> (October 1972). "Copyright: A Rejoinder". <i>UCLA Law Review</i>. <b>20</b>: 75–83.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=UCLA+Law+Review&rft.atitle=Copyright%3A+A+Rejoinder&rft.volume=20&rft.pages=75-83&rft.date=1972-10&rft.aulast=Breyer&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </p> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{cite journal | last1 = Bailey | first1 = David H. | author-link1 = David H. Bailey (mathematician) | last2 = Borwein | first2 = Peter | author-link2 = Peter Borwein | last3 = Borwein | first3 = Jonathan M. | author-link3 = Jonathan Borwein | title = The Quest for Pi | journal = Mathematical Intelligencer | volume = 19 | issue = 1 | pages = 50–57 | publisher = Springer-Verlag | location = Berlin | date = 25 June 1997 | url = https://www.davidhbailey.com... | issn =0343-6993 | doi = 10.1007/BF03024340 | mr = 1439159 | zbl = 0878.11002}} </pre> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBaileyBorweinBorwein1997" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/David_H._Bailey_(mathematician)" title="David H. Bailey (mathematician)">Bailey, David H.</a>; <a href="/wiki/Peter_Borwein" title="Peter Borwein">Borwein, Peter</a>; <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Borwein" title="Jonathan Borwein">Borwein, Jonathan M.</a> (25 June 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.davidhbailey.com/dhbpapers/pi-quest.pdf">"The Quest for Pi"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Mathematical Intelligencer</i>. <b>19</b> (1). Berlin: Springer-Verlag: 50–57. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2FBF03024340">10.1007/BF03024340</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0343-6993">0343-6993</a>. <a href="/wiki/MR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="MR (identifier)">MR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet-getitem?mr=1439159">1439159</a>. <a href="/wiki/Zbl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Zbl (identifier)">Zbl</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zbmath.org/?format=complete&q=an:0878.11002">0878.11002</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mathematical+Intelligencer&rft.atitle=The+Quest+for+Pi&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=50-57&rft.date=1997-06-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fzbmath.org%2F%3Fformat%3Dcomplete%26q%3Dan%3A0878.11002%23id-name%3DZbl&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmathscinet.ams.org%2Fmathscinet-getitem%3Fmr%3D1439159%23id-name%3DMR&rft.issn=0343-6993&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2FBF03024340&rft.aulast=Bailey&rft.aufirst=David+H.&rft.au=Borwein%2C+Peter&rft.au=Borwein%2C+Jonathan+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.davidhbailey.com%2Fdhbpapers%2Fpi-quest.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Citation" title="Template:Citation">Citation</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><b>journal</b> (or <b>periodical</b>) </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{Citation | last = | first = | author-link = | last2 = | first2 = | author-link2 = | title = | journal = | volume = | issue = | pages = | date = | orig-date = | year = | language = | url = | jstor = | archive-url = | archive-date = | doi = | id = | mr = | zbl = | jfm = }} </pre> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{Citation | last = Breyer | first = Stephen | author-link = Stephen Bre... | title = Copyright: A Rejo... | journal = UCLA Law Review | volume = 20 | pages = 75–83 | date = October 1972}} </pre> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBreyer1972" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Breyer" title="Stephen Breyer">Breyer, Stephen</a> (October 1972), "Copyright: A Rejoinder", <i>UCLA Law Review</i>, <b>20</b>: 75–83</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=UCLA+Law+Review&rft.atitle=Copyright%3A+A+Rejoinder&rft.volume=20&rft.pages=75-83&rft.date=1972-10&rft.aulast=Breyer&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </p> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{Citation | last1 = Bailey | first1 = David H. | author-link1 = David H. Bailey (mathematician) | last2 = Borwein | first2 = Peter | author-link2 = Peter Borwein | last3 = Borwein | first3 = Jonathan M. | author-link3 = Jonathan Borwein | title = The Quest for Pi | journal = Mathematical Intelligencer | volume = 19 | issue = 1 | pages = 50–57 | publisher = Springer-Verlag | location = Berlin | date = 25 June 1997 | url = https://www.davidhbailey.com... | issn =0343-6993 | doi = 10.1007/BF03024340 | mr = 1439159 | zbl = 0878.11002}} </pre> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBaileyBorweinBorwein1997" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/David_H._Bailey_(mathematician)" title="David H. Bailey (mathematician)">Bailey, David H.</a>; <a href="/wiki/Peter_Borwein" title="Peter Borwein">Borwein, Peter</a>; <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Borwein" title="Jonathan Borwein">Borwein, Jonathan M.</a> (25 June 1997), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.davidhbailey.com/dhbpapers/pi-quest.pdf">"The Quest for Pi"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, <i>Mathematical Intelligencer</i>, <b>19</b> (1), Berlin: Springer-Verlag: 50–57, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2FBF03024340">10.1007/BF03024340</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0343-6993">0343-6993</a>, <a href="/wiki/MR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="MR (identifier)">MR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet-getitem?mr=1439159">1439159</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zbl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Zbl (identifier)">Zbl</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zbmath.org/?format=complete&q=an:0878.11002">0878.11002</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mathematical+Intelligencer&rft.atitle=The+Quest+for+Pi&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=50-57&rft.date=1997-06-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fzbmath.org%2F%3Fformat%3Dcomplete%26q%3Dan%3A0878.11002%23id-name%3DZbl&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmathscinet.ams.org%2Fmathscinet-getitem%3Fmr%3D1439159%23id-name%3DMR&rft.issn=0343-6993&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2FBF03024340&rft.aulast=Bailey&rft.aufirst=David+H.&rft.au=Borwein%2C+Peter&rft.au=Borwein%2C+Jonathan+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.davidhbailey.com%2Fdhbpapers%2Fpi-quest.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2">website </th> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><b>title</b><br/><b>url</b> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{cite web | url = | title = | last = | first = | date = | website = | publisher = | access-date = | quote = }} </pre> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{cite web | last = Spiegel | first = Rachel | title = Research: Thalido... | url = http://science-educat... | access-date = 30 April 2006 | url-status=dead | archive-url = http://web.archive... | archive-date = 3 March 2006}} </pre> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSpiegel" class="citation web cs1">Spiegel, Rachel. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060303065356/http://science-education.nih.gov/nihHTML/ose/snapshots/multimedia/ritn/Thalidomide/index.html">"Research in the News: Thalidomide"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://science-education.nih.gov/nihHTML/ose/snapshots/multimedia/ritn/Thalidomide/index.html">the original</a> on 3 March 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 April</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Research+in+the+News%3A+Thalidomide&rft.aulast=Spiegel&rft.aufirst=Rachel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fscience-education.nih.gov%2FnihHTML%2Fose%2Fsnapshots%2Fmultimedia%2Fritn%2FThalidomide%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </p> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{cite web | title = | url = | website = | date = | access-date = }} </pre> <p>(Write date as one of the formats shown at <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Full_date_formatting" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers">MOS:DATE</a>; e.g. <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|date=22 July 2009</code> or <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|date=July 22, 2009</code>.) </p> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{cite web | last = Hansen | first = James E. | author-link = James E. Hansen | last2 = Ruedy | first2 = R. | last3 = Sato | first3 = M. | last4 = Lo | first4 = K. | title = GISS Surface Temperature An... | website = NASA.gov | publisher = [[Goddard Institute for... | date = December 15, 2005 | url = http://data.giss.nasa.gov/gis... | access-date = September 28, 2006}} </pre> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHansenRuedySatoLo2005" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/James_Hansen" title="James Hansen">Hansen, James E.</a>; Ruedy, R.; Sato, M.; Lo, K. (15 December 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/2005/">"GISS Surface Temperature Analysis Global Temperature Trends: 2005 Summation"</a>. <i>NASA.gov</i>. <a href="/wiki/Goddard_Institute_for_Space_Studies" title="Goddard Institute for Space Studies">NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 September</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NASA.gov&rft.atitle=GISS+Surface+Temperature+Analysis+Global+Temperature+Trends%3A+2005+Summation&rft.date=2005-12-15&rft.aulast=Hansen&rft.aufirst=James+E.&rft.au=Ruedy%2C+R.&rft.au=Sato%2C+M.&rft.au=Lo%2C+K.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdata.giss.nasa.gov%2Fgistemp%2F2005%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Citation" title="Template:Citation">Citation</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><b>title</b><br/><b>url</b> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{Citation | last = | first = | author-link = | last2 = | first2 = | author2-link = | title = | publisher = | date = | year = | url = | access-date = }} </pre> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{Citation | last = Spiegel | first = Rachel | title = Research: Thalido... | url=http://science-educat... | access-date = 30 April 2006}} </pre> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSpiegel" class="citation cs2">Spiegel, Rachel, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://science-education.nih.gov/nihHTML/ose/snapshots/multimedia/ritn/Thalidomide/index.html"><i>Research in the News: Thalidomide</i></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 April</span> 2006</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Research+in+the+News%3A+Thalidomide&rft.aulast=Spiegel&rft.aufirst=Rachel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fscience-education.nih.gov%2FnihHTML%2Fose%2Fsnapshots%2Fmultimedia%2Fritn%2FThalidomide%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </p> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{Citation | last1 = Hansen | first1 = James E. | author1-link = James Hansen | last2 = Ruedy | first2 = R. | last3 = Sato | first3 = M. | last4 = Lo | first4 = K. | title = GISS Surface Temperature An... | publisher = [[Goddard Institute for ... | date = December 15, 2005 | url = http://data.giss.nasa.gov/gis... | access-date = September 28, 2006}} </pre> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHansenRuedySatoLo2005" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/James_Hansen" title="James Hansen">Hansen, James E.</a>; Ruedy, R.; Sato, M.; Lo, K. (15 December 2005), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/2005/"><i>GISS Surface Temperature Analysis Global Temperature Trends: 2005 Summation</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/Goddard_Institute_for_Space_Studies" title="Goddard Institute for Space Studies">NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies</a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 September</span> 2006</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=GISS+Surface+Temperature+Analysis+Global+Temperature+Trends%3A+2005+Summation&rft.pub=NASA+Goddard+Institute+for+Space+Studies&rft.date=2005-12-15&rft.aulast=Hansen&rft.aufirst=James+E.&rft.au=Ruedy%2C+R.&rft.au=Sato%2C+M.&rft.au=Lo%2C+K.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdata.giss.nasa.gov%2Fgistemp%2F2005%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th>comic book </th> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_comic" title="Template:Cite comic">cite comic</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><sup id="cite_ref-CiteComic_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CiteComic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{cite comic | writer= | penciller= | inker= | story= | title= | volume= | issue= | date= | publisher= | page= | panel= }} </pre> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{cite comic | writer=[[Stan Lee|Lee, Stan]] | penciller=[[Jack Kirby|Kirby, Jack]] | inker=[[Christopher Rule|Rule, Christopher]] | story=The Fantastic Four! | title=[[Fantastic Four|The Fantastic Four]] | volume=1 | issue=1 | date=November 1961 | publisher=[[Marvel Comics]] | page=3 | panel=2}} </pre> <p><a href="/wiki/Stan_Lee" title="Stan Lee">Lee, Stan</a> (<a href="/wiki/Script_(comics)" title="Script (comics)">w</a>), <a href="/wiki/Jack_Kirby" title="Jack Kirby">Kirby, Jack</a> (<a href="/wiki/Penciller" title="Penciller">p</a>), <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Rule" title="Christopher Rule">Rule, Christopher</a> (<a href="/wiki/Inker" title="Inker">i</a>). "The Fantastic Four!" <i><a href="/wiki/Fantastic_Four" title="Fantastic Four">The Fantastic Four</a></i>, vol. 1, no. 1, p. 3/2 (November 1961). <a href="/wiki/Marvel_Comics" title="Marvel Comics">Marvel Comics</a>. </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th>comic strip </th> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_comic" title="Template:Cite comic">cite comic</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><sup id="cite_ref-CiteComic_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CiteComic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{cite comic | cartoonist= | strip= | paper= | location= | date= | supplement= | syndicate= | page= }} </pre> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{cite comic | cartoonist=[[Milton Caniff|Caniff, Milton]] | strip=[[Steve Canyon]] | paper=Journal Herald | location=Dayton, OH | date=July 15, 1967 | supplement=Color Comics Supplement | syndicate=Newspaper Syndicate | page=1}} </pre> <p><a href="/wiki/Milton_Caniff" title="Milton Caniff">Caniff, Milton</a> (<a href="/wiki/Script_(comics)" title="Script (comics)">w</a>, <a href="/wiki/Artist" title="Artist">a</a>). <i> <a href="/wiki/Steve_Canyon" title="Steve Canyon">Steve Canyon</a></i>. <i>Journal Herald</i> (Dayton, OH). July 15, 1967 [Color Comics Supplement], Newspaper Syndicate, p. 1. </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2">conference<br/>report<br/>or paper </th> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_conference" title="Template:Cite conference">cite conference</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><b>title</b><br/><b>book-title</b> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{cite conference | last = | first = | author-link = | title = | book-title = | pages = | publisher = | date = | location = | url = | doi = | id = | access-date = }} </pre> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{cite conference | last = Turk | first = M. | first2 = A. | last2 = Pentland | title = Face recognition ... | book-title = Proc IEEE Con... | place = Maui, Hawaii | pages = 586–591 | date = 1991}} </pre> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTurkPentland1991" class="citation conference cs1">Turk, M.; Pentland, A. (1991). "Face recognition using eigenfaces". <i>Proc. IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition</i>. Maui, Hawaii. pp. 586–591.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=conference&rft.atitle=Face+recognition+using+eigenfaces&rft.btitle=Proc.+IEEE+Conference+on+Computer+Vision+and+Pattern+Recognition&rft.place=Maui%2C+Hawaii&rft.pages=586-591&rft.date=1991&rft.aulast=Turk&rft.aufirst=M.&rft.au=Pentland%2C+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </p> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{cite conference | last1 = Evans | first1 = N. R. | last2 = Schaefer | first2 = G. | last3 = Bond | first3 = H. | last4 = Karovska | first4 = M. | last5 = Nelan | first5 = E. | last6 = Sasselov | first6 = D. | title = Direct detection of the ... | book-title = American Astronomical Society 207th ... | publisher = AAS | date = January 9, 2006 | url = http://www.aas.org/ ... 30.htm}} </pre> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEvansSchaeferBondKarovska2006" class="citation conference cs1">Evans, N. R.; Schaefer, G.; Bond, H.; Karovska, M.; Nelan, E.; Sasselov, D. (9 January 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aas.org/publications/baas/v37n4/aas207/1130.htm">"Direct detection of the close companion of Polaris with the Hubble Space Telescope"</a>. <i>American Astronomical Society 207th Meeting</i>. AAS.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=conference&rft.atitle=Direct+detection+of+the+close+companion+of+Polaris+with+the+Hubble+Space+Telescope&rft.btitle=American+Astronomical+Society+207th+Meeting&rft.pub=AAS&rft.date=2006-01-09&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=N.+R.&rft.au=Schaefer%2C+G.&rft.au=Bond%2C+H.&rft.au=Karovska%2C+M.&rft.au=Nelan%2C+E.&rft.au=Sasselov%2C+D.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aas.org%2Fpublications%2Fbaas%2Fv37n4%2Faas207%2F1130.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Citation" title="Template:Citation">Citation</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><b>contribution</b><br/><b>title</b> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{Citation | last = | first = | author-link = | first2 = | last2 = | author-link2 = | editor-last = | editor-first = | editor-last2 = | editor-first2 = | contribution = | contribution-url = | series = | date = | pages = | place = | publisher = | url = | doi = | id = }} </pre> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{Citation | last1 = Turk | first1 = M. | last2 = Pet... | first2 = A. | contribution = Face recog... | title = Proc IEEE Confere... | place = Maui, Hawaii | pages = 586–591 | date = 1991}} </pre> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTurkPetland1991" class="citation cs2">Turk, M.; Petland, A. (1991), "Face recognition using eigenfaces", <i>Proc. IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition</i>, Maui, Hawaii, pp. 586–591</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Face+recognition+using+eigenfaces&rft.btitle=Proc.+IEEE+Conference+on+Computer+Vision+and+Pattern+Recognition&rft.place=Maui%2C+Hawaii&rft.pages=586-591&rft.date=1991&rft.aulast=Turk&rft.aufirst=M.&rft.au=Petland%2C+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Citation" title="Template:Citation">citation</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span> </p> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{Citation | last1 = Evans | first1 = N. R. | last2 = Schaefer | first2 = G. | last3 = Bond | first3 = H. | last4 = Karovska | first4 = M. | last5 = Nelan | first5 = E. | last6 = Sasselov | first6 = D. | contribution = Direct detection of ... | title = American Astronomical... | publisher = AAS | date = January 9, 2006 | contribution-url = http://...30.htm}} </pre> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEvansSchaeferBondKarovska2006" class="citation cs2">Evans, N. R.; Schaefer, G.; Bond, H.; Karovska, M.; Nelan, E.; Sasselov, D. (9 January 2006), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aas.org/publications/baas/v37n4/aas207/1130.htm">"Direct detection of the close companion of Polaris with the Hubble Space Telescope"</a>, <i>American Astronomical Society 207th Meeting</i>, AAS</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Direct+detection+of+the+close+companion+of+Polaris+with+the+Hubble+Space+Telescope&rft.btitle=American+Astronomical+Society+207th+Meeting&rft.pub=AAS&rft.date=2006-01-09&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=N.+R.&rft.au=Schaefer%2C+G.&rft.au=Bond%2C+H.&rft.au=Karovska%2C+M.&rft.au=Nelan%2C+E.&rft.au=Sasselov%2C+D.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aas.org%2Fpublications%2Fbaas%2Fv37n4%2Faas207%2F1130.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th>court case (legal decision) </th> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_court" title="Template:Cite court">Cite court</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{cite court | litigants = | vol = | reporter = | opinion = | pinpoint = | court = | date = | url= }} </pre> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{cite court | litigants=Roe v. Wade | vol=410 | reporter=U.S. | opinion=113 | date=1973 | url=https://www.law.corn...}} </pre> <p><cite><i><a href="/wiki/Roe_v._Wade" title="Roe v. Wade">Roe v. Wade</a></i></cite>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/supremecourt/text/410/113">410 U.S. 113</a> (1973). </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="3">dictionary,<br/>encyclopedia,<br/>other edited collection </th> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_dictionary" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Cite dictionary">cite dictionary</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><b>title</b><br/><b>dictionary</b> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{cite dictionary | title = | dictionary = | volume = | page = | publisher = | date = | id = | url = | access-date = }} </pre> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{cite dictionary | title = word, ''n''. ... | dictionary = American Dictionary ... | editor-last = Webst... | editor-first = Noah | editor-link = Noah Webst... | publisher = [[Meriam-Webster]] | date = 1890 }} </pre> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWebster1890" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Noah_Webster" title="Noah Webster">Webster, Noah</a>, ed. (1890). "word, <i>n</i>.". <i>American Dictionary of the English Language</i>. <a href="/wiki/Meriam-Webster" class="mw-redirect" title="Meriam-Webster">Meriam-Webster</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=word%2C+n.&rft.btitle=American+Dictionary+of+the+English+Language&rft.pub=Meriam-Webster&rft.date=1890&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_encyclopedia" title="Template:Cite encyclopedia">cite encyclopedia</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><b>title</b><br/><b>encyclopedia</b> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{cite encyclopedia | title = | encyclopedia = | volume = | pages = | publisher = | date = | id = | url = | access-date =}} </pre> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{cite encyclopedia | title = Kirkegaard... | encyclopedia = Grote Winkler Pri... | editor-last = Winkler Pri... | editor-first = Anthony | editor-link = Anthony Win... | volume = 9 | publisher = Elsevier | date = 1882}} </pre> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWinkler_Prins1882" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Winkler_Prins" title="Anthony Winkler Prins">Winkler Prins, Anthony</a>, ed. (1882). "Kirkegaard, Ole Lund". <i>Grote Winkler Prins</i>. Vol. 9. Elsevier.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Kirkegaard%2C+Ole+Lund&rft.btitle=Grote+Winkler+Prins&rft.pub=Elsevier&rft.date=1882&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </p> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{cite encyclopedia | last = Kramer | first = Martin | author-link = Martin Kramer | editor-last = Boyd | editor-first = Kelley | title = Bernard Lewis | encyclopedia = Encyclopedia of Hist... | volume = 1 | pages = 719–720 | publisher = Fitzroy Dearborn | location = London | date = 1999 | url = }} </pre> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKramer1999" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Kramer" title="Martin Kramer">Kramer, Martin</a> (1999). "Bernard Lewis". In Boyd, Kelley (ed.). <i>Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing</i>. Vol. 1. London: Fitzroy Dearborn. pp. 719–720.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Bernard+Lewis&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Historians+and+Historical+Writing&rft.place=London&rft.pages=719-720&rft.pub=Fitzroy+Dearborn&rft.date=1999&rft.aulast=Kramer&rft.aufirst=Martin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Citation" title="Template:Citation">Citation</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><b>contribution</b>=name of article </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{Citation | last = | first = | contribution = | date = | title = | editor-last = | editor-first = | volume = | pages = | place = | publisher = | id = }} </pre> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{Citation | contribution = Kirkegaard... | title = Grote Winkler Pri... | editor-last = Winkler Pri... | editor-first = Anthony | editor-link = Anthony Win... | volume = 9 | publisher = Elsevier | date = 1882}} </pre> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWinkler_Prins1882" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Winkler_Prins" title="Anthony Winkler Prins">Winkler Prins, Anthony</a>, ed. (1882), "Kirkegaard, Ole Lund", <i>Grote Winkler Prins</i>, vol. 9, Elsevier</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Kirkegaard%2C+Ole+Lund&rft.btitle=Grote+Winkler+Prins&rft.pub=Elsevier&rft.date=1882&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </p> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{Citation | last = Kramer | first = Martin | author-link = Martin Kramer | contribution = Bernard Lewis | editor-last = Boyd | editor-first = Kelley | title = Encyclopedia of Historians ... | volume = 1 | pages = 719–720 | publisher = Fitzroy Dearborn | place = London | date = 1999 | contribution-url = http://...is.htm}} </pre> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKramer1999" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Kramer" title="Martin Kramer">Kramer, Martin</a> (1999), "Bernard Lewis", in Boyd, Kelley (ed.), <i>Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing</i>, vol. 1, London: Fitzroy Dearborn, pp. 719–720</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Bernard+Lewis&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Historians+and+Historical+Writing&rft.place=London&rft.pages=719-720&rft.pub=Fitzroy+Dearborn&rft.date=1999&rft.aulast=Kramer&rft.aufirst=Martin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th>episode<br/>(television or radio) </th> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_episode" title="Template:Cite episode">cite episode</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><b>title</b> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{cite episode | title = | episode-link = | url = | series = | series-link = | credits = | network = | station = | air-date = | began = | ended = | season = | seriesno = | number = | minutes = | transcript = | transcript-url= }} </pre> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{cite episode | title = BBC-TV Presents: ... | episode-link = BBC Snooker World ... | series = Wide World of Snooker | series-link = Wide World of Snooker ... | credits = Presenters: [[Dennis ... | network = [[BBC]] | station = [[BBC Two]] | city = [[Sheffield]], ... | air-date = 2008-04-27 | minutes = 2:34}} </pre> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation episode cs1">Presenters: <a href="/wiki/Dennis_Taylor" title="Dennis Taylor">Dennis Taylor</a> and <a href="/wiki/Clive_Everton" title="Clive Everton">Clive Everton</a> (27 April 2008). "<a href="/w/index.php?title=BBC_Snooker_World_Championship_coverage_(2008)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BBC Snooker World Championship coverage (2008) (page does not exist)">BBC-TV Presents: The 2008 World Snooker Championship Live at The Crucible</a>". <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wide_World_of_Snooker_(tv_show)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wide World of Snooker (tv show) (page does not exist)"><i>Wide World of Snooker</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Sheffield" title="Sheffield">Sheffield</a>, <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a>. 2:34 minutes in. <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>. <a href="/wiki/BBC_Two" title="BBC Two">BBC Two</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wide+World+of+Snooker&rft.place=Sheffield%2C+England&rft.date=2008-04-27&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </p> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{cite episode | title = Duet | episode-link = Duet (Stargate Atlant... | series = Stargate Atlantis | series-link = Stargate Atlantis | air-date = August 5, 2005 | season = 2 | number = 4}} </pre> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation episode cs1">"<a href="/wiki/Duet_(Stargate_Atlantis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Duet (Stargate Atlantis)">Duet</a>". <a href="/wiki/Stargate_Atlantis" title="Stargate Atlantis"><i>Stargate Atlantis</i></a>. Season 2. Episode 4. 5 August 2005.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Stargate+Atlantis&rft.series=Season+2.+Episode+4&rft.date=2005-08-05&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th>mailing list </th> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_mailing_list" title="Template:Cite mailing list">cite mailing list</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><b>title</b><br/><b>url</b> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{cite mailing list | last = | first = | author-link = | title = | mailing-list = | date = | url = | access-date = }} </pre> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{cite mailing list | last=Murdock | first=Ian | author-link=Ian Murdock | title=Debian GNU/Linux 0.9... | mailing-list=debian-announce | date=26 October 1995 | url=https://lists.debian.or... | access-date =20 April 2007}} </pre> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMurdock1995" class="citation mailinglist cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ian_Murdock" title="Ian Murdock">Murdock, Ian</a> (26 October 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lists.debian.org/debian-announce/1995/msg00007.html">"Debian GNU/Linux 0.93 Release 6 now available"</a>. <i>debian-announce</i> (Mailing list)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 April</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Debian+GNU%2FLinux+0.93+Release+6+now+available&rft.date=1995-10-26&rft.aulast=Murdock&rft.aufirst=Ian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flists.debian.org%2Fdebian-announce%2F1995%2Fmsg00007.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th>map </th> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_map" title="Template:Cite map">cite map</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><b>author</b><br/><b>date</b> (or <b>year</b>)<br/><b>title</b><br/><b>publisher</b> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{cite map | author = | date = | title = | url = | publisher = | section = | access-date = }} </pre> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{cite map | author=Kansas Departmen... | date=2005 | title=Official State Trans... | url=http://www.ksdot.org/b... | edition=2005–2006 | location=Topeka | publisher=Kansas Departmen... | section=F9 | access-date=March 30, 2007}} </pre> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKansas_Department_of_Transportation2005" class="citation map cs1">Kansas Department of Transportation (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ksdot.org/burtransplan/maps/state-pdf/kansas0708.pdf"><i>Official State Transportation Map</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Map) (2005–2006 ed.). Topeka: Kansas Department of Transportation. § F9<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 March</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Official+State+Transportation+Map&rft.place=Topeka&rft.edition=2005%E2%80%932006&rft.pub=Kansas+Department+of+Transportation&rft.date=2005&rft.au=Kansas+Department+of+Transportation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ksdot.org%2Fburtransplan%2Fmaps%2Fstate-pdf%2Fkansas0708.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </p> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{cite map | author1=Skelly Oil Company | author2=Diversified Map Co | date=1966 | title=Highway Map of Oklahoma | scale=[1:1,500,000] | location=St. Louis | publisher=Diversified Map Co | section=11C | oclc=67708775}} </pre> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSkelly_Oil_CompanyDiversified_Map_Co1966" class="citation map cs1">Skelly Oil Company; Diversified Map Co (1966). <i>Highway Map of Oklahoma</i> (Map). [1:1,500,000]. St. Louis: Diversified Map Co. § 11C. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/67708775">67708775</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Highway+Map+of+Oklahoma&rft.place=St.+Louis&rft.pub=Diversified+Map+Co&rft.date=1966&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F67708775&rft.au=Skelly+Oil+Company&rft.au=Diversified+Map+Co&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2">news article </th> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_news" title="Template:Cite news">cite news</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><b>title</b> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{cite news | last = | first = | title = | newspaper = | location = | pages = | language = | publisher = | date = | url = | access-date = }} </pre> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{cite news | last = Finn | first = Gary | title = What a growing lad needs is ... | pages = | newspaper = The Independent | location = London | date = 31 August 1998 | url = https://www.independent.co.uk ...}} </pre> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFinn1998" class="citation news cs1">Finn, Gary (31 August 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/what-a-growing-lad-needs-is-a-naughty-book-says-blair-1175187.html">"What a growing lad needs is a naughty book, says Blair"</a>. <i>The Independent</i>. London.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=What+a+growing+lad+needs+is+a+naughty+book%2C+says+Blair&rft.date=1998-08-31&rft.aulast=Finn&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fwhat-a-growing-lad-needs-is-a-naughty-book-says-blair-1175187.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </p> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{cite news | last = Andersen | first = David | last2 = Witter | first2 = Lameen | title = Former Marine, Go Daddy CEO... | work = Marine Corps News | date = 17 February 2006 | url = https://www.military.com/vet... | access-date = 6 June 2006}} </pre> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAndersenWitter2006" class="citation news cs1">Andersen, David; Witter, Lameen (17 February 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.military.com/veteran-jobs/career-advice/military-transition/veteran-ceo-of-go-daddy.html">"Former Marine, Go Daddy CEO Talks About His Rise to Success"</a>. <i>Marine Corps News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 June</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Corps+News&rft.atitle=Former+Marine%2C+Go+Daddy+CEO+Talks+About+His+Rise+to+Success&rft.date=2006-02-17&rft.aulast=Andersen&rft.aufirst=David&rft.au=Witter%2C+Lameen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.military.com%2Fveteran-jobs%2Fcareer-advice%2Fmilitary-transition%2Fveteran-ceo-of-go-daddy.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Citation" title="Template:Citation">Citation</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><b>newspaper</b> (or <b>magazine</b>, <b>journal</b>, <b>periodical</b>) </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{Citation | last = | first = | author-link = | last2 = | first2 = | author-link2 = | title = | newspaper = | pages = | date = | year = | url = | archive-url = | archive-date = | access-date = }} </pre> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{Citation | last = Finn | first = Gary | title = What a growing lad needs is ... | pages = | newspaper = The Independent | location = London | date = 31 August 1998 | url = https://www.independent.co.uk ... | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web ... | archive-date = 2010-03-06}} </pre> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFinn1998" class="citation cs2">Finn, Gary (31 August 1998), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.webcitation.org/5o2QlSnnD">"What a growing lad needs is a naughty book, says Blair"</a>, <i>The Independent</i>, London, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220409194416/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/what-a-growing-lad-needs-is-a-naughty-book-says-blair-1175187.html">the original</a> on 6 March 2010</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=What+a+growing+lad+needs+is+a+naughty+book%2C+says+Blair&rft.date=1998-08-31&rft.aulast=Finn&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20220409194416%2Fhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fwhat-a-growing-lad-needs-is-a-naughty-book-says-blair-1175187.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </p> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{Citation | last1 = Andersen | first1 = David | last2 = Witter | first2 = Lameen | title = Former Marine, Go Daddy CEO... | newspaper = Marine Corps News | date = 17 February 2006 | url = https://www.military.com/vet... | access-date = 2 June 2006}} </pre> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAndersenWitter2006" class="citation cs2">Andersen, David; Witter, Lameen (17 February 2006), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.military.com/veteran-jobs/career-advice/military-transition/veteran-ceo-of-go-daddy.html">"Former Marine, Go Daddy CEO Talks About His Rise to Success"</a>, <i>Marine Corps News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 June</span> 2006</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Corps+News&rft.atitle=Former+Marine%2C+Go+Daddy+CEO+Talks+About+His+Rise+to+Success&rft.date=2006-02-17&rft.aulast=Andersen&rft.aufirst=David&rft.au=Witter%2C+Lameen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.military.com%2Fveteran-jobs%2Fcareer-advice%2Fmilitary-transition%2Fveteran-ceo-of-go-daddy.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th>newsgroup<br/>posting<br/>(<b>DO NOT</b><br/><b>USE TO</b><br/><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:V" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:V">VERIFY</a></b>) </th> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_newsgroup" title="Template:Cite newsgroup">cite newsgroup</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><b>title</b> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{cite newsgroup | title = | author = | date = | newsgroup = | id = | url = | access-date = }} </pre> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{cite newsgroup | author = Gary S. Terhune | title = Lost Ctrl-Alt-Del... | date = January 11, 2004 | newsgroup = microsoft.pub... | id = uAIVMjC2DHA.2336@TK2... | url = https://groups.googl... | access-date = May 16, 2006}} </pre> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGary_S._Terhune2004" class="citation newsgroup cs1">Gary S. Terhune (11 January 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://groups.google.com/g/microsoft.public.win98.gen_discussion/c/u9q3ph_2q5M/m/-xerngvF8VQJ?pli=1">"Lost Ctrl-Alt-Del function on W98, 2nd"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Usenet_newsgroup" title="Usenet newsgroup">Newsgroup</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="news:microsoft.public.win98.gen_discussion">microsoft.public.win98.gen_discussion</a>. uAIVMjC2DHA.2336@TK2MSFTNGP09.phx.gbl<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 May</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Lost+Ctrl-Alt-Del+function+on+W98%2C+2nd&rft.pub=microsoft.public.win98.gen_discussion&rft.date=2004-01-11&rft.au=Gary+S.+Terhune&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgroups.google.com%2Fg%2Fmicrosoft.public.win98.gen_discussion%2Fc%2Fu9q3ph_2q5M%2Fm%2F-xerngvF8VQJ%3Fpli%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </p> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{cite newsgroup | title = How can helping "Kids in Af... | author = Trodel | date = June 10, 2006 | newsgroup= humanities.philosophy.ob... | id = 1149950890.204481.35810@h76g20... | url = https://groups.google.com/g... | access-date = July 3, 2006}} </pre> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTrodel2006" class="citation newsgroup cs1">Trodel (10 June 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://groups.google.com/g/humanities.philosophy.objectivism/c/ef2e9BmRTy4">"How can helping "Kids in Africa" be in my self interest"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Usenet_newsgroup" title="Usenet newsgroup">Newsgroup</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="news:humanities.philosophy.objectivism">humanities.philosophy.objectivism</a>. 1149950890.204481.35810@h76g2000cwa.googlegroups.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 July</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=How+can+helping+%22Kids+in+Africa%22+be+in+my+self+interest&rft.pub=humanities.philosophy.objectivism&rft.date=2006-06-10&rft.au=Trodel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgroups.google.com%2Fg%2Fhumanities.philosophy.objectivism%2Fc%2Fef2e9BmRTy4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th>patent </th> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_patent" title="Template:Cite patent">Cite patent</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><b>inventor-last</b> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{cite patent | inventor-last = | inventor-first = | inventor-link = | inventor-last2 = | inventor-first2 = | inventor-link2 = | publication-date = | issue-date = | title = | country-code = | description = | patent-number = }} </pre> </td> <td><pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{cite patent | inventor-last1 = Degermark | inventor-first1 = Mikael | inventor-last2 = Brodnik | inventor-first2 = Andrej | inventor-last3 = Carlsson | inventor-first3 = Svante | inventor-last4 = Pink | inventor-first4 = Stephen | title = Fast routing lookup system using complete prefix tree, bit vector, and pointers in a routing table for determining where to route IP datagrams | issue-date = 2001 | patent-number = 6266706 | country-code = US}} </pre> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><span class="citation patent" id="CITEREFDegermarkBrodnikCarlssonPink2001"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldwide.espacenet.com/textdoc?DB=EPODOC&IDX=US6266706">US 6266706</a>, Degermark, Mikael; Brodnik, Andrej & Carlsson, Svante et al., "Fast routing lookup system using complete prefix tree, bit vector, and pointers in a routing table for determining where to route IP datagrams", issued 2001</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Apatent&rft.number=6266706&rft.cc=US&rft.title=Fast+routing+lookup+system+using+complete+prefix+tree%2C+bit+vector%2C+and+pointers+in+a+routing+table+for+determining+where+to+route+IP+datagrams&rft.inventor=Degermark&rft.date=2001"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th>press release </th> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_press_release" title="Template:Cite press release">cite press release</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><b>title</b> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{cite press release |last= |first= |date= |title= |url= |location= |publisher= |agency= |access-date=}} </pre> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{cite press release |last=Roithmayr |first=Mark |date=February 5, 2007 |title=Autism Speaks ... |url=http://autismspeaks.org... |location=New York |publisher=[[Autism Speaks]] |access-date=November 19, 2007}} </pre> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoithmayr2007" class="citation pressrelease cs1">Roithmayr, Mark (5 February 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://autismspeaks.org/press/autism_speaks_can_complete.php">"Autism Speaks and Cure Autism Now Complete Merger"</a> (Press release). New York: <a href="/wiki/Autism_Speaks" title="Autism Speaks">Autism Speaks</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 November</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Autism+Speaks+and+Cure+Autism+Now+Complete+Merger&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Autism+Speaks&rft.date=2007-02-05&rft.aulast=Roithmayr&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fautismspeaks.org%2Fpress%2Fautism_speaks_can_complete.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </p> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{cite press release |author= |title=Sprint 4G LTE Lights Up... |url=http://newsroom.sprint.com... |location=Overland Park, Kansas |publisher=[[Sprint Nextel]] |date=November 26, 2012 |access-date=November 28, 2012}} </pre> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsroom.sprint.com/article_display.cfm?article_id=2468">"Sprint 4G LTE Lights Up in 11 New Cities and Counties in Indiana, Kansas, Maryland, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, Virginia and West Virginia"</a> (Press release). Overland Park, Kansas: <a href="/wiki/Sprint_Nextel" class="mw-redirect" title="Sprint Nextel">Sprint Nextel</a>. 26 November 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 November</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sprint+4G+LTE+Lights+Up+in+11+New+Cities+and+Counties+in+Indiana%2C+Kansas%2C+Maryland%2C+Massachusetts%2C+Pennsylvania%2C+Virginia+and+West+Virginia&rft.place=Overland+Park%2C+Kansas&rft.pub=Sprint+Nextel&rft.date=2012-11-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsroom.sprint.com%2Farticle_display.cfm%3Farticle_id%3D2468&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th>video<br/>(movie, television production, documentary, etc.) </th> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_AV_media" title="Template:Cite AV media">cite AV media</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><b>people</b><br/><b>title</b> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{cite AV media | people = | title = | medium = | publisher = | location = | date = | url = }} </pre> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{cite AV media | people = Al-Issawi, Omar (Director) | title = Harab libnan | medium = Television production | publisher = Al-Issawi, Om... | location = Lebanon | date = 2001}} </pre> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1">Al-Issawi, Omar (Director) (2001). <i>Harab libnan</i> (Television production). Lebanon: Al-Issawi, Omar.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Harab+libnan&rft.place=Lebanon&rft.pub=Al-Issawi%2C+Omar&rft.date=2001&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </p> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{cite AV media | people = Dick Cavett | title = The Dick Cavett Show — Rock... | medium = DVD | publisher = Shout Factory | date = 2005}} </pre> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1">Dick Cavett (2005). <i>The Dick Cavett Show — Rock Icons (1969)</i> (DVD). Shout Factory.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Dick+Cavett+Show+%E2%80%94+Rock+Icons+%281969%29&rft.pub=Shout+Factory&rft.date=2005&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th>video game </th> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_video_game" title="Template:Cite video game">cite video game</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><b>title</b><br/><b>developer</b> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{cite video game | title = | developer = | publisher = | date = | platform = | version = | level = | language = | isolang = | quote = }} </pre> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{cite video game | title=[[Halo 3]] | developer= [[Bungie]] | publisher=[[Microsoft Game Studios]] | date=September 25, 2007 | platform=[[Xbox 360]] | version=1.0 | level=The Storm | language=English | isolang= | quote='''Arbiter''': More Brutes? /...}} </pre> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBungie2007" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Bungie" title="Bungie">Bungie</a> (25 September 2007). <i><a href="/wiki/Halo_3" title="Halo 3">Halo 3</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Xbox_360" title="Xbox 360">Xbox 360</a>) (1.0 ed.). <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Game_Studios" class="mw-redirect" title="Microsoft Game Studios">Microsoft Game Studios</a>. Level/area: The Storm. <q><b>Arbiter</b>: More Brutes? / <b>Master Chief</b>: Worse.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Halo+3&rft.pages=Level%2Farea%3A+The+Storm&rft.edition=1.0&rft.pub=Microsoft+Game+Studios&rft.date=2007-09-25&rft.au=Bungie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a> </th> <td><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_Q" title="Template:Cite Q">Cite Q</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span><br/><b><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Glossary#QID" class="extiw" title="d:Wikidata:Glossary">QID (Q number)</a></b> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{cite Q | QID}} </pre> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <pre style="overflow:auto; white-space:pre; width:auto;">{{cite Q|Q29396757}} </pre> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlbert_Einstein1905" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">Albert Einstein</a> (1905). "Ist die Trägheit eines Körpers von seinem Energieinhalt abhängig?". <i><a href="/wiki/Annalen_der_Physik" title="Annalen der Physik">Annalen der Physik</a></i> (in German). <b>323</b> (13): 639–641. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2FANDP.19053231314">10.1002/ANDP.19053231314</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0003-3804">0003-3804</a>. <a href="/wiki/WDQ_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="WDQ (identifier)">Wikidata</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29396757" class="extiw" title="d:Q29396757">Q29396757</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annalen+der+Physik&rft.atitle=Ist+die+Tr%C3%A4gheit+eines+K%C3%B6rpers+von+seinem+Energieinhalt+abh%C3%A4ngig%3F&rft.volume=323&rft.issue=13&rft.pages=639-641&rft.date=1905&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2FANDP.19053231314&rft.issn=0003-3804&rft.au=Albert+Einstein&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3ATemplate+index%2FSources+of+articles" class="Z3988"></span> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <hr/> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_album-notes" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Cite album-notes">cite album-notes</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_thesis" title="Template:Cite thesis">cite thesis</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Harvard_reference_and_shortened_footnote_examples" data-mw-thread-id="h-Harvard_reference_and_shortened_footnote_examples"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Harvard_reference_and_shortened_footnote_examples"></span>Harvard reference and shortened footnote examples<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Harvard_reference_and_shortened_footnote_examples"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Citation_templates&action=edit&section=T-7" title="Edit section: Harvard reference and shortened footnote examples"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Template:Harvard_citation_documentation" title="Template:Harvard citation documentation">Template:Harvard citation documentation</a></div> <p>These templates automatically create a one-directional link to the first matching citation template on the same page. All of the following templates are supported: <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Citation" title="Template:Citation">citation</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> · <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> · <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> · <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> · <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_conference" title="Template:Cite conference">cite conference</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> · <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_encyclopedia" title="Template:Cite encyclopedia">cite encyclopedia</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> · <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_mailing_list" title="Template:Cite mailing list">cite mailing list</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> · <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_news" title="Template:Cite news">cite news</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> · <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_press_release" title="Template:Cite press release">cite press release</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> · <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_arXiv" title="Template:Cite arXiv">cite arXiv</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> · <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_AV_media" title="Template:Cite AV media">cite AV media</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> (an up-to-date list is at <a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_Style_1" title="Help:Citation Style 1">Help:Citation Style 1</a>). To use the links, the template must define <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|surname=</code> (or <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|last=</code>) and <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|date=</code> (or <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|year=</code>). </p> <table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3" class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>What to type </th> <th>What it makes </th></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td style="font-family:monospace;"> <ul><li>Article text.{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Sfn" title="Template:Sfn">sfn</a>|Turner|1851|pp=10–11}} (Shortened footnote template)</li> <li>Article text.{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Sfn" title="Template:Sfn">sfn</a>|Smith|1979|p=289}}</li></ul> <p>==Notes==<br/> <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Reflist" title="Template:Reflist">reflist</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> </p> </td> <td> <ul><li>Article text.<sup id="A1t" class="reference"><a href="#A1f">[1]</a></sup></li> <li>Article text.<sup id="A2t" class="reference"><a href="#A2f">[2]</a></sup></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236298596">.mw-parser-output .fake-heading{color:var(--color-emphasized,#000000);background:none;margin:0;overflow:hidden;padding-bottom:0.17em;page-break-after:avoid;padding-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .fake-heading.h1,.mw-parser-output .fake-heading.h2{border-bottom:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);margin-bottom:0.25em;margin-top:1em;padding:0;font-family:"Linux Libertine","Georgia","Times","Source Serif Pro",serif;line-height:1.375}body.skin-monobook .mw-parser-output .fake-heading.h1,body.skin-monobook .mw-parser-output .fake-heading.h2{font-family:inherit;line-height:inherit}body.skin-timeless .mw-parser-output .fake-heading.h1,body.skin-timeless .mw-parser-output .fake-heading.h2{border-bottom:3px solid #c8ccd1}.mw-parser-output .fake-heading.h1{font-size:1.8em}body.skin-timeless .mw-parser-output .fake-heading.h1{font-size:2em}.mw-parser-output .fake-heading.h2{font-size:1.5em}body.skin-timeless .mw-parser-output .fake-heading.h2{font-size:1.8em}.mw-parser-output .fake-heading.h3,.mw-parser-output .fake-heading.h4,.mw-parser-output .fake-heading.h5,.mw-parser-output .fake-heading.h6{font-weight:bold;margin-top:0.3em;margin-bottom:0;padding-bottom:0;line-height:1.6}.mw-parser-output .fake-heading.h3{font-size:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .fake-heading.h4{font-size:100%}</style><div class="fake-heading h2">Notes</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ol><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li><li id="A1f"><b><a href="#A1t">^</a></b><a href="#CITEREFTurner1851">Turner 1851</a>, pp. 10–11<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harvnb error: no target: CITEREFTurner1851 (<a href="/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li><li id="A2f"><b><a href="#A2t">^</a></b><a href="#CITEREFSmith1979">Smith 1979</a>, p. 289<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harvnb error: no target: CITEREFSmith1979 (<a href="/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></li></ol> </div> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td style="font-family:monospace;">Templates used within <code class="nowrap" style=""><ref>...</ref></code> tags or within the <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Efn" title="Template:Efn">efn</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> family of templates: <ul><li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Harvard_citation/doc" title="Template:Harvard citation/doc">Harvard citation</a>|Turner|1851|pp=10–11}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Harvard_citation/doc" title="Template:Harvard citation/doc">Harv</a>|Smith|1879|p=289}} (default to parentheses around whole citation, for inline)</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Harvard_citation_no_brackets/doc" title="Template:Harvard citation no brackets/doc">Harvnb</a>|Johnson|1772|p=176}} (no brackets)</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Harvard_citation_year_brackets/doc" title="Template:Harvard citation year brackets/doc">Harvp</a>|Jones|1951|p=334}} (parentheses around date)</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Harvard_citation/doc" title="Template:Harvard citation/doc">Harv</a>|Lincoln|Washington|Adams|Johnson|2007|pp=88–89}} (multi-author)</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Harvard_citation_text" title="Template:Harvard citation text">Harvtxt</a>|Turner|1851}} asserts that ... (author's name part of text)</li></ul> </td> <td> <ul><li>(<a href="#CITEREFTurner1851">Turner 1851</a>, pp. 10–11)<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harv error: no target: CITEREFTurner1851 (<a href="/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></li> <li>(<a href="#CITEREFSmith1879">Smith 1879</a>, p. 289)<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harv error: no target: CITEREFSmith1879 (<a href="/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="#CITEREFJohnson1772">Johnson 1772</a>, p. 176<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harvnb error: no target: CITEREFJohnson1772 (<a href="/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="#CITEREFJones1951">Jones (1951)</a>, p. 334<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harvp error: no target: CITEREFJones1951 (<a href="/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></li> <li>(<a href="#CITEREFLincolnWashingtonAdamsJohnson2007">Lincoln et al. 2007</a>, pp. 88–89)<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harv error: no target: CITEREFLincolnWashingtonAdamsJohnson2007 (<a href="/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="#CITEREFTurner1851">Turner (1851)</a><span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harvtxt error: no target: CITEREFTurner1851 (<a href="/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span> asserts that ...</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td style="font-family:monospace;"> <p>Three <b>Harvcol</b> templates are altered to use colons to indicate page numbers. These are also used within <code class="nowrap" style=""><ref>...</ref></code> tags or within the <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Efn" title="Template:Efn">efn</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> family of templates: </p> <ul><li> {{<a href="/wiki/Template:Harvcol/doc" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Harvcol/doc">Harvcol</a>|Turner|1851|pp=10–11}}</li> <li> {{<a href="/wiki/Template:Harvcol/doc" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Harvcol/doc">Harvcol</a>|Smith|1874|p=173}}</li> <li> {{<a href="/wiki/Template:Harvcolnb/doc" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Harvcolnb/doc">Harvcolnb</a>|Smith|1879|p=289}}</li> <li> {{<a href="/wiki/Template:Harvcolnb/doc" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Harvcolnb/doc">Harvcolnb</a>|Lincoln|Washington|Adams|Johnson|2007|pp=88–89}}</li> <li> {{<a href="/wiki/Template:Harvcoltxt/doc" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Harvcoltxt/doc">Harvcoltxt</a>|Blust|1999|p=40}} asserts that ...</li></ul> <p></nowiki> </p> </td> <td> <p><b>Harvcol</b> templates </p> <ul><li>(<a href="#CITEREFTurner1851">Turner 1851</a>:10–11)<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harvcol error: no target: CITEREFTurner1851 (<a href="/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></li> <li>(<a href="#CITEREFSmith1874">Smith 1874</a>:173)<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harvcol error: no target: CITEREFSmith1874 (<a href="/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="#CITEREFSmith1879">Smith 1879</a>:289<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harvcolnb error: no target: CITEREFSmith1879 (<a href="/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="#CITEREFLincolnWashingtonAdamsJohnson2007">Lincoln et al. 2007</a>:88–89<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harvcolnb error: no target: CITEREFLincolnWashingtonAdamsJohnson2007 (<a href="/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="#CITEREFBlust1999">Blust (1999</a>:40)<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harvcoltxt error: no target: CITEREFBlust1999 (<a href="/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span> asserts that ...</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Variations" data-mw-thread-id="h-Variations"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Variations"></span>Variations<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Variations"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Citation_templates&action=edit&section=T-8" title="Edit section: Variations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wikipedia does not dictate a particular way to insert citations into an article. As a result, there are multiple ways to structure citations in an article; multiple ways to insert individual citations; and multiple ways to link a short citation (e.g. <a href="#CITEREFTurner1851">Turner 1851</a><span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harvnb error: no target: CITEREFTurner1851 (<a href="/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span>) with the full citation in the bibliography, when using a style that calls for short citations. </p><p>There are three primary ways to format individual full citations: </p> <ol><li>By hand. These are simply typed directly; however, when using <a href="/wiki/Help:Shortened_footnotes" title="Help:Shortened footnotes">shortened footnotes</a>, each individual full citation can be surrounded with <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Wikicite" title="Template:Wikicite">wikicite</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> to ensure that the appropriate shortened references are linked to the full references below.</li> <li>Using the <a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_Style_1" title="Help:Citation Style 1">Citation Style 1</a> templates, such as <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span>, <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span>, <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span>, or <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_news" title="Template:Cite news">cite news</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span>.</li> <li>Using the generic <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Citation" title="Template:Citation">Citation</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> template.</li></ol> <p>The main differences between the generic <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Citation" title="Template:Citation">Citation</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> template and the specific <a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_Style_1" title="Help:Citation Style 1">Citation Style 1</a> templates are: </p> <ol><li>The <a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_Style_1" title="Help:Citation Style 1">Citation Style 1</a> templates produce citations with individual sections (e.g. title, author, publisher, etc.) separated by periods, with a trailing period, while <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Citation" title="Template:Citation">Citation</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> separates sections with a comma and has no trailing punctuation. (However, this can be changed using the <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|separator=</code> and <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|postscript=</code> parameters.)</li> <li>Not all <a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_Style_1" title="Help:Citation Style 1">Citation Style 1</a> templates can easily be replaced by the <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Citation" title="Template:Citation">Citation</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> template. Generally, any <a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_Style_1" title="Help:Citation Style 1">Citation Style 1</a> template of a general nature (e.g. book; web site; journal or newspaper article; article in an edited collection or encyclopedia; etc.) can be replaced, but specialized templates (court cases, comic books, video games, etc.) cannot very easily.</li> <li>Some of the parameter names differ. For example, citing an article in an edited collection uses the misnamed <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_encyclopedia" title="Template:Cite encyclopedia">cite encyclopedia</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> template, with <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|title=</code> for the article name and <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|encyclopedia=</code> for the collection name; the equivalent parameters in <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Citation" title="Template:Citation">Citation</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> are named <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">contribution</code> and <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">title</code>, respectively.</li></ol> <p>There are three ways to structure citations as a whole in an article (see <a href="/wiki/Help:Citations_quick_reference" title="Help:Citations quick reference">Help:Citations quick reference</a> for a tabular comparison of these three ways): </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Footnotes" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Footnotes">Footnotes</a>. These simply place the citation inside of a <code class="nowrap" style=""><ref>...</ref></code> reference, which inserts a small bracketed, superscripted number. When clicked on, it links to a correspondingly-numbered footnote (more properly an <a href="/wiki/Endnote" class="mw-redirect" title="Endnote">endnote</a>) placed elsewhere in the article. The footnotes themselves are inserted using <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Reflist" title="Template:Reflist">reflist</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span>, which is typically placed by itself in a <i>Notes</i> (or <i>References</i>) section near the end of the article. When there are multiple references to the same citation, typing can be saved by using <code><ref name="foo">...</ref></code> the first time, and just <code><ref name="foo"/></code> elsewhere. When there are citations that differ only in page number, there are two alternatives: write all the citations out in full, including the page number, or use one citation without page numbers along with the <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Rp" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Rp">rp</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> template to add an inline page number after the small bracketed footnote number.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:List-defined_references" title="Help:List-defined references">Footnotes with list-defined references</a>. All inline citations take the form <code><ref name="foo"/></code>. The reference list at the end of the article is a list of full citations, each of which takes the form <code><ref name="foo">...</ref></code>, all of which are surrounded by <code><references>...</references></code>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Shortened_footnotes" title="Help:Shortened footnotes">Shortened footnotes</a>. Instead of the full citation appearing in the footnote, a short form appears (e.g. <a href="#CITEREFTurner1851">Turner 1851</a><span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harvnb error: no target: CITEREFTurner1851 (<a href="/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span>), giving only the author and year (or in some styles, a shortened version of the article or book title), and page number if appropriate. The full citation appears later on, in a bibliography section. This usually follows directly after the footnotes, is titled "References" or "Bibliography", and contains all relevant citations, listed in (typically) alphabetical order. This style is especially appropriate when there are large numbers of references overall and frequent cases of multiple references to the same work, especially in the presence of differing page numbers.</li></ol> <p>When using shortened footnotes, there are three ways to link the short and full references: </p> <ol><li>Insert manual links. These look like e.g. <code><ref>[[#CITEREFPereira2006|Pereira 2006, p. 25]]</ref></code>. If a citation template is used for the full reference, the anchor (e.g. <code>#CITEREFPereira2006</code>) is automatically attached to the full reference; if the full reference is typed by hand, surround the reference with <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Wikicite" title="Template:Wikicite">wikicite</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> to attach the anchor to it.</li> <li>Insert links using a <a href="/wiki/Template:Harvard_citation_documentation" title="Template:Harvard citation documentation">Harvard citation template</a>, e.g. <code><ref>See, for example: {{Harvnb|Pereira|2006|p=25}}</ref></code>. This will insert a footnote into the text and link it to the citation with the corresponding last name and year. Other variations of the Harvard citation templates format the short citation differently.</li> <li>Use the <code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Sfn" title="Template:Sfn">sfn</a>}}</code> template for the whole of the footnote. The <code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Sfn" title="Template:Sfn">sfn</a>}}</code> template creates its own named <code class="nowrap" style=""><ref>...</ref></code> tags: <code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Sfn" title="Template:Sfn">sfn</a>|Pereira|2006|p=25}}</code> is exactly equivalent to <code class="nowrap" style=""><ref name=FOOTNOTEPereira200625>[[#CITEREFPereira2006|Pereira 2006]], p. 25.</ref></code> which is itself equivalent to <code class="nowrap" style=""><ref name=FOOTNOTEPereira200625><code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Harvnb" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Harvnb">Harvnb</a>|Pereira|2006|p=25}}</code></ref></code>.</li></ol> <p>See also <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Footnotes" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Footnotes">WP:Footnotes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">WP:Citing sources</a> for general information, and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:CITEX" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:CITEX">WP:CITEX</a> for specific examples of exactly how to write the code for various combinations of the above styles. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Discussing_citations_on_talk_pages" data-mw-thread-id="h-Discussing_citations_on_talk_pages"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Discussing_citations_on_talk_pages"></span>Discussing citations on talk pages<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Discussing_citations_on_talk_pages"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Citation_templates&action=edit&section=T-9" title="Edit section: Discussing citations on talk pages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When citations are brought to talk pages, noticeboards and other discussions, follow the group of citations, or the text you have added, with <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Reflist-talk" title="Template:Reflist-talk">Reflist-talk</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span>. </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1195917819"><pre class="pre">{{Reflist-talk}}</pre> <p>This template places the citations in their own box under the bold header <b>References</b> at the position where the template was inserted; otherwise the citations (and any others in the talk page) will be listed at the end of the talk page, below all sections. The resulting reference box does not appear in the table of contents. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="See_also" data-mw-thread-id="h-See_also"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-See_also"></span>See also<span data-mw-comment-end="h-See_also"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Citation_templates&action=edit&section=T-10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wikipedia:Template index/Sources of articles</a> for templates about citation-related problems in articles</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_merging" title="Help:Citation merging">Help:Citation merging</a> for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Bundling_citations" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">bundling multiple citations</a> into a single footnote</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:How_to_avoid_duplicated_citations" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:How to avoid duplicated citations">Wikipedia:How to avoid duplicated citations</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Notes" data-mw-thread-id="h-Notes"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Notes"></span>Notes<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Notes"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Citation_templates&action=edit&section=T-11" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Parenthetical_referencing" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">Parenthetical referencing</a> may also use wikilinks to citation templates, but <a href="/wiki/Special:PermanentLink/976895063#Deprecate_parenthetical_citations" title="Special:PermanentLink/976895063">inline parenthetical referencing was deprecated in September 2020</a>. In contrast to parenthetical referencing or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Shortened_footnotes" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">shortened footnotes</a>, citations using the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Footnotes" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">footnote system</a> don't require <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Glossary#Wikilink" title="Wikipedia:Glossary">wikilinks</a> of course, as the inline citations in this method simply appear as numbers within the text, linking to a list of full citations (and notes) at the end of the article (like this).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CiteComic-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CiteComic_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CiteComic_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"> Notes on <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_comic" title="Template:Cite comic">cite comic</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span>: <ul><li>This template allows for a cartoonist field to be used instead of the individual fields if there is a sole creator, as in <i><a href="/wiki/Bone_(comics)" title="Bone (comics)">Bone</a></i>, or an artist field if the penciller and inker is the same person.</li> <li>The style of this template is based on Allen Ellis' <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://comics.english.ufl.edu/comic-art-in-scholarly-writing-a-citation-guide/">Comic Art in Scholarly Writing: A Citation Guide</a>, 1999.</li> <li>See the <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cite_comic" title="Template talk:Cite comic">template's talk page</a> for more details and field explanations.</li> <li>This template requires either the "title" <i>or</i> "strip" parameter. Depending on which is used, the formatting will output a citation with either comic book or comic strip formatting respectively.</li></ul> </span></li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": 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.navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Wikipedia_referencing" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Wikipedia_referencing" title="Template:Wikipedia referencing"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Wikipedia_referencing" title="Template talk:Wikipedia referencing"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Wikipedia_referencing" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Wikipedia referencing"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Wikipedia_referencing" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">Wikipedia referencing</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Policies and guidelines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">Verifiability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research" title="Wikipedia:No original research">No original research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons" title="Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons">Biographies of living persons</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_reliable_sources_(medicine)" title="Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources (medicine)">Medicine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">Citing sources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Scientific_citation_guidelines" title="Wikipedia:Scientific citation guidelines">Scientific citations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General advice</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">Citation needed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Combining_sources" title="Wikipedia:Combining sources">Combining sources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Offline_sources" title="Wikipedia:Offline sources">Offline sources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Overview_of_referencing_styles" title="Help:Overview of referencing styles">Referencing styles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">Citing sources</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_Style_1" title="Help:Citation Style 1">Citation Style 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_Style_2" title="Help:Citation Style 2">Citation Style 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_Style_Vancouver" title="Help:Citation Style Vancouver">Citation Style Vancouver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Bluebook_style_citation_templates" title="Category:Bluebook style citation templates">Bluebook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Comics_citation_templates" title="Category:Comics citation templates">Comics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_templates" title="Wikipedia:Citation templates">Citation templates</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Inline_citation" title="Wikipedia:Inline citation">Inline citations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Footnotes" title="Help:Footnotes">Footnotes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style#Punctuation_and_footnotes" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style">Punctuation and footnotes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Shortened_footnotes" title="Help:Shortened footnotes">Shortened footnotes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Nesting_footnotes" title="Wikipedia:Nesting footnotes">Nesting footnotes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">Help for beginners</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Reftags" title="Help:Reftags">Reference-tags</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Citations_quick_reference" title="Help:Citations quick reference">Citations quick reference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction_to_referencing_with_Wiki_Markup/1" title="Help:Introduction to referencing with Wiki Markup/1">Introduction to referencing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners_with_citation_templates" title="Help:Referencing for beginners with citation templates">Referencing with citation templates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners_without_using_templates" title="Help:Referencing for beginners without using templates">Referencing without using templates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:References_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:References dos and don'ts">Referencing dos and don'ts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia:Citing Wikipedia">Citing Wikipedia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Advanced help</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Cite_link_labels" title="Help:Cite link labels">Cite link labels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Cite_errors" title="Help:Cite errors">Cite errors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_merging" title="Help:Citation merging">Citation merging (bundling)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Cite_messages" title="Help:Cite messages">Cite messages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Converting_between_references_formats" title="Help:Converting between references formats">Converting between references formats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Reference_display_customization" title="Help:Reference display customization">Reference display customization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:References_and_page_numbers" title="Help:References and page numbers">References and page numbers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Guidance_on_source_reviewing_at_FAC" title="Wikipedia:Guidance on source reviewing at FAC">Guidance on source reviewing at FAC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Footnote_templates" title="Category:Footnote templates">Footnote templates</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Citation_Style_documentation" title="Template:Citation Style documentation">Citation Style documentation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Multiple_references" class="mw-disambig" title="Template:Multiple references">Multiple references</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Reflist" title="Template:Reflist">Reflist</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Refbegin" title="Template:Refbegin">Refbegin</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Find_sources" title="Help:Find sources">Find references </a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FIND" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:FIND">How to find sources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:List_of_bibliographies" title="Wikipedia:List of bibliographies">Bibliographies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library" title="Wikipedia:The Wikipedia Library">Wikipedia Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Resource_Exchange/Resource_Request" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Resource Exchange/Resource Request">Resource Exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reference_desk" title="Wikipedia:Reference desk">Reference Desk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Book_sources" title="Wikipedia:Book sources">Book Sources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Free_English_newspaper_sources" title="Wikipedia:Free English newspaper sources">Free newspaper sources</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_tools" title="Help:Citation tools">Citation tools</a><br/>(External links)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="external text" href="https://citer.toolforge.org/">Citer</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sumsearch.org/cite/">Biomedical cite</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://tools.wmflabs.org/citations/">Citation bot</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://tools.wmflabs.org/makeref/">MakeRef</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://refill.toolforge.org/ng/">Refill</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/">WayBack</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Wikipedia_help_pages" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Wikipedia_help_pages" title="Template:Wikipedia help pages"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Wikipedia_help_pages" title="Template talk:Wikipedia help pages"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Wikipedia_help_pages" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Wikipedia help pages"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Wikipedia_help_pages" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Directory" title="Help:Directory">Wikipedia help pages</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><div> <ul><li><b>Visit the <i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Teahouse" title="Wikipedia:Teahouse">Teahouse</a></i> or the <i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Help_desk" title="Wikipedia:Help desk">Help desk</a></i> for an interactive <abbr title="questions and answers">Q & A</abbr> forum.</b></li></ul> <hr/> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ" title="Wikipedia:FAQ">FAQs</a></b> <b><abbr title="This is a list of frequently asked questions about using and contributing to Wikipedia.">(?)</abbr></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reference_desk" title="Wikipedia:Reference desk">Reference desks</a></b> <b><abbr title="Works like a library reference desk. Ask a question here and Wikipedia volunteers will try to answer it.">(?)</abbr></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Noticeboards" title="Wikipedia:Noticeboards">Noticeboards</a></b> <b><abbr title="Pages where editors can ask questions and request assistance from people who are familiar with the policies and guidelines covered by each individual board.">(?)</abbr></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Help:Cheatsheet" title="Help:Cheatsheet">Cheatsheet</a></b> <b><abbr title="For a list of the most commonly used Wiki markup and templates.">(?)</abbr></b></li> <li><b> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Directories_and_indexes" title="Wikipedia:Directories and indexes">Directories</a></b> <b><abbr title="For a list of Wikipedia's directories and indexes.">(?)</abbr></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a> <abbr title="Wikipedia's governess and customs">(?)</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Administration" title="Wikipedia:Administration">Administration</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Purpose" title="Wikipedia:Purpose">Purpose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Five_pillars" title="Wikipedia:Five pillars">Principles</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Policies_and_guidelines" title="Wikipedia:Policies and guidelines">Policies and guidelines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not" title="Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not">What Wikipedia is not</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer" title="Wikipedia:General disclaimer">Disclaimer</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Advice_for_parents" title="Wikipedia:Advice for parents">parental advice</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Request_directory" title="Wikipedia:Request directory">Making requests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Who_writes_Wikipedia%3F" title="Wikipedia:Who writes Wikipedia?">Who writes Wikipedia?</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reader%27s_index_to_Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia:Reader's index to Wikipedia">Help for readers</a> <abbr title="Concerns and questions readers may have about Wikipedia">(?)</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Readers" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Readers">FAQ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_book_creator_status" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Wikipedia book creator status">Books</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Copyright" title="Help:Copyright">Copyright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Glossary" class="mw-redirect" title="Help:Glossary">Glossary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Mobile_access" title="Help:Mobile access">Mobile access</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Navigation" title="Help:Navigation">Navigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Other_languages" title="Help:Other languages">Other languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Searching" title="Help:Searching">Searching</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Student_help" title="Help:Student help">Students</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Viewing_media" title="Help:Viewing media">Viewing media</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contributing_to_Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia:Contributing to Wikipedia">Contributing<br/>to Wikipedia</a> <abbr title="Overviews and resources needed to comprehend, comment on, and edit">(?)</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Guidance_for_younger_editors" title="Wikipedia:Guidance for younger editors">Advice for young editors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Avoiding_common_mistakes" title="Wikipedia:Avoiding common mistakes">Avoiding common mistakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Etiquette" title="Wikipedia:Etiquette">Etiquette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Simplified_Manual_of_Style" title="Wikipedia:Simplified Manual of Style">Simplified Manual of Style</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Simplified_ruleset" title="Wikipedia:Simplified ruleset">Simplified rule-set</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Ignore_all_rules" title="Wikipedia:Ignore all rules">"Ignore all rules"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:The_rules_are_principles" title="Wikipedia:The rules are principles">"The rules are principles"</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Styletips" title="Wikipedia:Styletips">Style-tips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tip_of_the_day" title="Wikipedia:Tip of the day">Tip of the day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Your_first_article" title="Help:Your first article">Your first article</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Article_wizard" title="Wikipedia:Article wizard">article wizard</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Getting_started" title="Help:Getting started">Getting started</a> <abbr title="Introductions and tutorials">(?)</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Why_create_an_account%3F" title="Wikipedia:Why create an account?">Why create an account?</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Help:Introduction">Introductions by topic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Graphics_tutorials" title="Wikipedia:Graphics tutorials">Graphics tutorials</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Pictures" title="Help:Pictures">Picture tutorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:IRC/Tutorial" title="Wikipedia:IRC/Tutorial">IRC <span style="font-size:85%;">(live chat)</span> tutorial</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:VisualEditor/User_guide" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:VisualEditor/User guide">VisualEditor user guide</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Dos and don'ts">Dos and don'ts</a> <abbr title="Wikipedia policies, guidelines, and formatting standards in bullet points">(?)</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Accessibility_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Accessibility dos and don'ts">Accessibility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Biography_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Biography dos and don'ts">Biographies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons dos and don'ts">Biographies (living)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Categorization_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Categorization dos and don'ts">Categorization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Consensus_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Consensus dos and don'ts">Consensus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Talk_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Talk dos and don'ts">Discussions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Disambiguation_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Disambiguation dos and don'ts">Disambiguation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Image_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Image dos and don'ts">Images</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Lead_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Lead dos and don'ts">Leads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Linking_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Linking dos and don'ts">Links</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:List_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:List dos and don'ts">Lists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:References_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:References dos and don'ts">References</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Table_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Table dos and don'ts">Tables</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Article_title_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Article title dos and don'ts">Titles (of articles)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_how-to" title="Category:Wikipedia how-to">How-to pages</a> and<br/><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_information_pages" title="Category:Wikipedia information pages">information pages</a> <abbr title="Topic specific informative and instructional pages">(?)</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Guide_to_appealing_blocks" title="Wikipedia:Guide to appealing blocks">Appealing blocks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Guide_to_deletion" title="Wikipedia:Guide to deletion">Article deletion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Citations_quick_reference" title="Help:Citations quick reference">Citations/references</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">Referencing for beginners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_Style_1" title="Help:Citation Style 1">Citation Style 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Cite_errors" title="Help:Cite errors">Cite errors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:References_and_page_numbers" title="Help:References and page numbers">References and page numbers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Convert" title="Help:Convert">Convert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Diff" title="Help:Diff">Diff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Editing" title="Help:Editing">Editing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Minor_edit" title="Help:Minor edit">Minor edit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Edit_toolbar" title="Help:Edit toolbar">toolbar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Edit_conflict" title="Help:Edit conflict">edit conflict</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Find_sources" title="Help:Find sources">Find sources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Files" title="Help:Files">Files</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Footnotes" title="Help:Footnotes">Footnotes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Guide_to_image_deletion" title="Wikipedia:Guide to image deletion">Image deletion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Infobox" title="Help:Infobox">Infoboxes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Link" title="Help:Link">Linking</a> (<a href="/wiki/Help:Link_color" title="Help:Link color">link color</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Logging_in" title="Help:Logging in">Logging in</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Merging" title="Wikipedia:Merging">Merging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Page_name" title="Help:Page name">Page name</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:How_to_move_a_page" title="Help:How to move a page">Renaming pages</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Redirect" title="Help:Redirect">Redirect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Reset_password" title="Help:Reset password">Passwords</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Email_confirmation" title="Help:Email confirmation">Email confirmation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Reverting" title="Help:Reverting">Reverting</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Simple_guide_to_vandalism_cleanup" title="Help:Simple guide to vandalism cleanup">Simple vandalism cleanup</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Talk_pages" title="Help:Talk pages">Talk pages</a> (<a href="/wiki/Help:Archiving_a_talk_page" title="Help:Archiving a talk page">archiving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Archiving_(plain_and_simple)" title="Help:Archiving (plain and simple)">simple archiving</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:User_contributions" title="Help:User contributions">User contributions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:WP_search_protocol" title="Help:WP search protocol">WP search protocol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wiki_markup" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiki markup">Coding</a> <abbr title="Wikitext information consists of the syntax used to format a page">(?)</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Wikitext" title="Help:Wikitext">Wiki markup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Barchart" title="Help:Barchart">Barcharts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Calculation" title="Help:Calculation">Calculations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Special_characters" title="Help:Special characters">Characters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Columns" title="Help:Columns">Columns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Elevation" title="Help:Elevation">Elevation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Hidden_text" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Hidden text">Hidden text</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:HTML_in_wikitext" title="Help:HTML in wikitext">HTML</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:List" title="Help:List">Lists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Magic_words" title="Help:Magic words">Magic words</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Musical_symbols" title="Help:Musical symbols">Music symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Section" title="Help:Section">Sections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Sound_file_markup" title="Help:Sound file markup">Sounds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Table" title="Help:Table">Tables</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Template" title="Help:Template">Templates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Transclusion" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Transclusion">Transclusion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:URL" title="Help:URL">URL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Visual_file_markup" title="Help:Visual file markup">Visual files</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Directories_and_indexes" title="Wikipedia:Directories and indexes">Directories</a> <abbr title="Wikipedia's directories and indexes">(?)</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_abbreviations" title="Wikipedia:Wikipedia abbreviations">Abbreviations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Wikipedia:Contents">Contents</a> <small>(Encyclopedia proper)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Department_directory" title="Wikipedia:Department directory">Departments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Editor%27s_index_to_Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia:Editor's index to Wikipedia">Editor's index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Essay_directory" title="Wikipedia:Essay directory">Essays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Index" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Index">FAQs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Glossary" title="Wikipedia:Glossary">Glossary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:List_of_guidelines" title="Wikipedia:List of guidelines">Guidelines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Contents" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Contents">Manual of Style </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:List_of_policies" title="Wikipedia:List of policies">Policies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Maintenance" title="Wikipedia:Maintenance">Tasks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tips" title="Wikipedia:Tips">Tips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tools" title="Wikipedia:Tools">Tools</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><div><b> <a href="/wiki/Help:Wikipedia:_The_Missing_Manual" title="Help:Wikipedia: The Missing Manual">Missing Manual</a></b> <hr/> <span class="noprint plainlinks" title="Edit Special:MyTalk"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:MyTalk&action=edit&section=new&preload=Help:Contents/helpmepreload&preloadtitle=Help+me%21"><b>Ask for help on your talk page</b></a></span> <b><abbr title="If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!">(?)</abbr></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Wikipedia_technical_help" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Wikipedia_technical_help" title="Template:Wikipedia technical help"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Wikipedia_technical_help" title="Template talk:Wikipedia technical help"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Wikipedia_technical_help" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Wikipedia technical help"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Wikipedia_technical_help" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Directory#Technical_help" title="Help:Directory">Wikipedia technical help</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div><b>Get personal technical help at <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Teahouse" title="Wikipedia:Teahouse">the Teahouse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Help_desk" title="Wikipedia:Help desk">help desk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Village_pump_(technical)" title="Wikipedia:Village pump (technical)">village pump (technical)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction_to_talk_pages/1" title="Help:Introduction to talk pages/1">talk pages</a> or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:IRC" title="Wikipedia:IRC">IRC</a>.</b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Technical" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Technical">General<br/>technical help</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Browser_notes" title="Wikipedia:Browser notes">Browser notes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bypass_your_cache" title="Wikipedia:Bypass your cache">Bypass cache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Keyboard_shortcuts" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Keyboard shortcuts">Keyboard shortcuts</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Editing" title="Help:Editing">Editing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:CharInsert" title="Help:CharInsert">CharInsert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Edit_conflict" title="Help:Edit conflict">Edit conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Edit_toolbar" title="Help:Edit toolbar">Edit toolbar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Reverting" title="Help:Reverting">Reverting</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:How_to_create_a_page" title="Wikipedia:How to create a page">How to create a page</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:IRC" title="Wikipedia:IRC">IRC</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:IRC/Tutorial" title="Wikipedia:IRC/Tutorial">Tutorial</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Mobile_access" title="Help:Mobile access">Mobile access</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Multilingual_support" title="Help:Multilingual support">Multilingual support</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Page_history" title="Help:Page history">Page history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Page_information" title="Help:Page information">Page information</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Page_name" title="Wikipedia:Page name">Page name</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Page_name" title="Help:Page name">Help</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Printing" title="Help:Printing">Printing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Software_notices" title="Wikipedia:Software notices">Software notices</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Editnotice" title="Wikipedia:Editnotice">Editnotice</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Special_characters" title="Help:Special characters">Special Characters</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Entering_special_characters" title="Help:Entering special characters">Entering</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_access_levels" title="Wikipedia:User access levels">User access levels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:VisualEditor" title="Wikipedia:VisualEditor">VisualEditor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:VisualEditor" title="Help:VisualEditor">Help</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="Special:SpecialPages">Special<br/>page</a>-related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Special_page" title="Help:Special page">Special page help</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:AllPages" title="Help:AllPages">AllPages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Edit_filter" title="Wikipedia:Edit filter">Edit filter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Emailing_users" title="Wikipedia:Emailing users">Emailing users</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Logging_in" title="Help:Logging in">Logging in</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Reset_password" title="Help:Reset password">Reset passwords</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Log" title="Help:Log">Logs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Moving_a_page" title="Wikipedia:Moving a page">Moving a page</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:History_merging" title="Wikipedia:History merging">History merging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:When_to_place_technical_requests_in_%22Administrator_needed%22" title="Help:When to place technical requests in "Administrator needed"">Non-admin and admin-only page moves</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Notifications" title="Help:Notifications">Notifications/Echo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Notifications/FAQ" title="Help:Notifications/FAQ">FAQ</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Page_Curation/Help" title="Wikipedia:Page Curation/Help">Page Curation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Import" title="Help:Import">Page import</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pending_changes" title="Wikipedia:Pending changes">Pending changes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Random" title="Wikipedia:Random">Random pages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Recent_changes" title="Help:Recent changes">Recent changes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Related_changes" title="Help:Related changes">Related changes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Searching" title="Help:Searching">Searching</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Linksearch" title="Help:Linksearch">Linksearch</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tags" title="Wikipedia:Tags">Tags</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:User_contributions" title="Help:User contributions">User contributions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Watchlist" title="Help:Watchlist">Watchlist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:What_links_here" title="Help:What links here">What links here</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Wikitext" title="Help:Wikitext">Wikitext</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Wikitext" title="Help:Wikitext">Wikitext</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Cheatsheet" title="Help:Cheatsheet">Cheatsheet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Columns" title="Help:Columns">Columns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Line-break_handling" title="Help:Line-break handling">Line-break handling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:List" title="Help:List">Lists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Magic_words" title="Help:Magic words">Magic words</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Magic_words_for_beginners" title="Help:Magic words for beginners">For beginners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Conditional_expressions" title="Help:Conditional expressions">Conditional expressions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Switch_parser_function" title="Help:Switch parser function">Switch parser function</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Time_function" title="Help:Time function">Time function</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Redirect" title="Help:Redirect">Redirects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Section" title="Help:Section">Sections and TOCs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Table" title="Help:Table">Tables</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction_to_tables_with_Wiki_Markup/1" title="Help:Introduction to tables with Wiki Markup/1">Introduction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Basic_table_markup" title="Help:Basic table markup">Basics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Advanced_table_formatting" title="Help:Advanced table formatting">Advanced table formatting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Collapsing" class="mw-redirect" title="Help:Collapsing">Collapsing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Conditional_tables" title="Help:Conditional tables">Conditional tables</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Sortable_tables" title="Help:Sortable tables">Sortable tables</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Using_colours" title="Help:Using colours">Using colours</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Link" title="Help:Link">Links</a> and <a href="/wiki/Help:Diff" title="Help:Diff">diffs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Link" title="Help:Link">Links</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Interlanguage_links" title="Help:Interlanguage links">Interlanguage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Interwiki_linking" title="Help:Interwiki linking">Interwiki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Permanent_link" title="Help:Permanent link">Permanent</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Diff" title="Help:Diff">Diffs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Simplest_diff_guide" title="Wikipedia:Simplest diff guide">Simplest diff guide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Simple_diff_and_link_guide" title="Wikipedia:Simple diff and link guide">Simple diff and link guide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Complete_diff_and_link_guide" title="Wikipedia:Complete diff and link guide">Complete diff and link guide</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Colon_trick" title="Help:Colon trick">Colon trick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Link_color" title="Help:Link color">Link color</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Pipe_trick" title="Help:Pipe trick">Pipe trick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:URL" title="Help:URL">URLs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Media" class="mw-disambig" title="Wikipedia:Media">Media</a> files: images,<br/>videos and sounds</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Media" title="Help:Media">Media help</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Files" title="Help:Files">Files</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Creation_and_usage_of_media_files" title="Help:Creation and usage of media files">Creation and usage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Moving_files_to_Commons" title="Wikipedia:Moving files to Commons">Moving files to Commons</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Images" title="Wikipedia:Images">Images</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction_to_images_with_Wiki_Markup/1" title="Help:Introduction to images with Wiki Markup/1">Introduction to images</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Pictures" title="Help:Pictures">Picture tutorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Preparing_images_for_upload" title="Wikipedia:Preparing images for upload">Preparing images for upload</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Uploading_images" title="Wikipedia:Uploading images">Uploading images</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Options_to_hide_an_image" title="Help:Options to hide an image">Options to hide an image</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Extended_image_syntax" title="Wikipedia:Extended image syntax">Extended image syntax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:SVG_help" title="Wikipedia:SVG help">SVG help</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Gallery_tag" title="Help:Gallery tag">Gallery tag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Graphics_tutorials" title="Wikipedia:Graphics tutorials">Graphics tutorials</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Basic_bitmap_image_editing" title="Wikipedia:Basic bitmap image editing">Basic bitmap image editing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:How_to_improve_image_quality" title="Wikipedia:How to improve image quality">How to improve image quality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Graphics_Lab/Resources" title="Wikipedia:Graphics Lab/Resources">Graphics Lab resources</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Sound_file_markup" title="Help:Sound file markup">Sound file markup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Visual_file_markup" title="Help:Visual file markup">Visual file markup</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Other graphics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Family_trees" title="Help:Family trees">Family trees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Graphs_and_charts" title="Wikipedia:Graphs and charts">Graphs and charts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:How_to_create_charts_for_Wikipedia_articles" title="Wikipedia:How to create charts for Wikipedia articles">How to create</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Barchart" title="Help:Barchart">Barcharts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:To_scale_charts" title="Wikipedia:To scale charts">To scale charts</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Displaying_a_formula" title="Help:Displaying a formula">Math formulas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Displaying_a_formula#Use_of_HTML_templates" title="Help:Displaying a formula">Math symbols</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Score" title="Help:Score">Musical scores</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Musical_symbols" title="Help:Musical symbols">Musical symbols</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Timeline" title="Wikipedia:Timeline">Timeline</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:EasyTimeline_syntax" title="Help:EasyTimeline syntax">EasyTimeline syntax</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:WikiHiero_syntax" title="Help:WikiHiero syntax">WikiHiero syntax</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:A_quick_guide_to_templates" title="Help:A quick guide to templates">Templates</a> and<br/><a href="/wiki/Lua_(programming_language)" title="Lua (programming language)">Lua</a> modules</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Template" title="Help:Template">Templates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Advanced_template_coding" title="Wikipedia:Advanced template coding">Advanced template coding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_documentation" title="Wikipedia:Template documentation">Template documentation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_index" title="Wikipedia:Template index">Template index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Template_limits" title="Help:Template limits">Template limits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_sandbox_and_test_cases" title="Wikipedia:Template sandbox and test cases">Template sandbox and test cases</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_templates" title="Wikipedia:Citation templates">Citation templates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Lua" title="Help:Lua">Lua help</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Lua" title="Wikipedia:Lua">Lua project</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Lua/Resources" title="Wikipedia:Lua/Resources">Resources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Lua/To_do" title="Wikipedia:Lua/To do">To do</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Substitution" title="Help:Substitution">Substitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Purge" title="Help:Purge">Purge</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Job_queue" title="Help:Job queue">Job queue</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Transclusion" title="Help:Transclusion">Transclusion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Labeled_section_transclusion" title="Help:Labeled section transclusion">Labeled section</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Transclusion_costs_and_benefits" title="Wikipedia:Transclusion costs and benefits">Costs and benefits</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Guide_to_Scribbling" title="Wikipedia:Guide to Scribbling">Guide to Scribbling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Administration#Data_structure_and_development" title="Wikipedia:Administration">Data structure</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Namespace" title="Wikipedia:Namespace">Namespaces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_is_an_article%3F" title="Wikipedia:What is an article?">Main/Article</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Drafts" title="Wikipedia:Drafts">Draft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Files" title="Help:Files">File</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:File_description_page" title="Help:File description page">File description page</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Help_namespace" title="Wikipedia:Help namespace">Help</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Portal" title="Wikipedia:Portal">Portal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Project_namespace" title="Wikipedia:Project namespace">Project/Wikipedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Talk_pages" title="Help:Talk pages">Talk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Archiving_a_talk_page" title="Help:Archiving a talk page">Archiving</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Archiving_(plain_and_simple)" title="Help:Archiving (plain and simple)">Simple</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_namespace" title="Wikipedia:Template namespace">Template</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_pages" title="Wikipedia:User pages">User</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_page_design_guide" title="Wikipedia:User page design guide">User page design</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:MediaWiki_namespace" title="Help:MediaWiki namespace">MediaWiki</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bug_reports_and_feature_requests" title="Wikipedia:Bug reports and feature requests">Bug reports and feature requests</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:TimedMediaHandler" class="extiw" title="mw:Extension:TimedMediaHandler">TimedMediaHandler extension</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Lua" title="Wikipedia:Lua">Module</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Special_page" title="Help:Special page">Special</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/HTML" title="HTML">HTML</a> and <a href="/wiki/CSS" title="CSS">CSS</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Cascading_Style_Sheets" title="Help:Cascading Style Sheets">Cascading Style Sheets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:HTML_in_wikitext" title="Help:HTML in wikitext">HTML in wikitext</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Catalogue_of_CSS_classes" title="Wikipedia:Catalogue of CSS classes">Catalogue of CSS classes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Common.js_and_common.css" title="Wikipedia:Common.js and common.css">Common.js and common.css</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Mxt/User_CSS_for_a_monospaced_coding_font" title="Template:Mxt/User CSS for a monospaced coding font">User CSS for monospaced coding font</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Microformats/classes" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Microformats/classes">Classes in microformats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Markup_validation" title="Help:Markup validation">Markup validation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Span_tags" title="Wikipedia:Span tags">Span tags</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Useful_styles" title="Help:Useful styles">Useful styles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Customisation" title="Wikipedia:Customisation">Customisation</a><br/>and tools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Preferences" title="Help:Preferences">Preferences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Gadget" title="Wikipedia:Gadget">Gadgets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Skin" title="Wikipedia:Skin">Skins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_tools" title="Help:Citation tools">Citation tools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Cleaning_up_vandalism/Tools" title="Wikipedia:Cleaning up vandalism/Tools">Cleaning up vandalism tools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Customizing_watchlists" title="Wikipedia:Customizing watchlists">Customizing watchlists</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Hide_Pages_in_Watchlist" title="Help:Hide Pages in Watchlist">Hide pages</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Scripts" title="Wikipedia:Scripts">IRC Scripts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_scripts" title="Wikipedia:User scripts">User scripts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_scripts/Guide" title="Wikipedia:User scripts/Guide">Guide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_scripts/List" title="Wikipedia:User scripts/List">List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_scripts/Techniques" title="Wikipedia:User scripts/Techniques">Techniques</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:User_style" title="Help:User style">User style</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tools" title="Wikipedia:Tools">Tools</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tools/Alternative_browsing" title="Wikipedia:Tools/Alternative browsing">Alternative browsing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tools/Browser_tools" title="Wikipedia:Tools/Browser tools">Browser tools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tools/Editing_tools" title="Wikipedia:Tools/Editing tools">Editing tools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tools/Navigation_shortcuts" title="Wikipedia:Tools/Navigation shortcuts">Navigation shortcuts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tools/Optimum_tool_set" title="Wikipedia:Tools/Optimum tool set">Optimum tool set</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_Cloud_Services" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia Cloud Services">Wikimedia Cloud Services</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Beta_Features" class="extiw" title="mw:Beta Features">Beta Features at MediaWiki</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Automated editing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Articles_for_creation/Helper_script" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Articles for creation/Helper script">AfC helper script</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:AntiVandal" title="Wikipedia:AntiVandal">AntiVandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:AutoWikiBrowser" title="Wikipedia:AutoWikiBrowser">AutoWikiBrowser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bots" title="Wikipedia:Bots">Bots</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Creating_a_bot" title="Help:Creating a bot">Creating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:History_of_Wikipedia_bots" title="Wikipedia:History of Wikipedia bots">history</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:HotCat" title="Wikipedia:HotCat">HotCat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Huggle" title="Wikipedia:Huggle">Huggle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tools/Navigation_popups" title="Wikipedia:Tools/Navigation popups">Navigation popups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:RedWarn" title="Wikipedia:RedWarn">RedWarn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Twinkle" title="Wikipedia:Twinkle">Twinkle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Ultraviolet" title="Wikipedia:Ultraviolet">Ultraviolet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WPCleaner" title="Wikipedia:WPCleaner">WPCleaner</a></li> <li>Inactive <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Igloo" title="Wikipedia:Igloo">igloo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:STiki" title="Wikipedia:STiki">STiki</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div> <ul><li>See also: <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_how-to" title="Category:Wikipedia how-to">Category:Wikipedia how-to</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_information_pages" title="Category:Wikipedia information pages">Category:Wikipedia information pages</a></b><br/>Further navigation at: <a href="/wiki/Template:Wikipedia_help_pages" title="Template:Wikipedia help pages">Help pages</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Administrators%27_guide" title="Template:Administrators' guide">Administrators</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Accessibility/Navigation_menu" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Accessibility/Navigation menu">Accessibility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Wikipedia_accounts" title="Template:Wikipedia accounts">Accounts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Botnav" title="Template:Botnav">Bots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Wikipedia_referencing" title="Template:Wikipedia referencing">Referencing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Citation_metadata_navbox" title="Template:Citation metadata navbox">Citation metadata</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Wikipedia_templates" title="Template:Wikipedia templates">Templates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_scripts/Navbox" title="Wikipedia:User scripts/Navbox">User scripts</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Wikipedia_templates" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Wikipedia_templates" title="Template:Wikipedia templates"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Wikipedia_templates" title="Template talk:Wikipedia templates"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Wikipedia_templates" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Wikipedia templates"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Wikipedia_templates" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_index" title="Wikipedia:Template index">Wikipedia templates</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Main namespace</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_index/General" title="Wikipedia:Template index/General">General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_index/Cleanup" title="Wikipedia:Template index/Cleanup">Cleanup</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_index/Cleanup/Verifiability_and_sources" title="Wikipedia:Template index/Cleanup/Verifiability and sources">Verifiability and sources</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_index/Disputes" title="Wikipedia:Template index/Disputes">Disputes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Hatnote" title="Wikipedia:Hatnote">Hatnotes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:List_of_infoboxes" title="Wikipedia:List of infoboxes">Infoboxes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_index/Links" title="Wikipedia:Template index/Links">Links</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:External_link_templates" title="Category:External link templates">External link templates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Inline_templates_linking_country_articles" title="Wikipedia:Inline templates linking country articles">Linking country articles</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_index/Lists" title="Wikipedia:Template index/Lists">Lists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_index/Main_page_and_alternatives" title="Wikipedia:Template index/Main page and alternatives">Main page</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_index/Section" title="Wikipedia:Template index/Section">Section</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sources of articles</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_index/Sources_of_articles/Citation_quick_reference" title="Wikipedia:Template index/Sources of articles/Citation quick reference">Quick reference</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_index/Standard_boxes" title="Wikipedia:Template index/Standard boxes">Standard boxes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Stub_sorting/Stub_types" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Stub sorting/Stub types">Stub types</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_index/Translation" title="Wikipedia:Template index/Translation">Translation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other namespaces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_index/Compact_tables_of_contents" title="Wikipedia:Template index/Compact tables of contents">Compact TOC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_index/Category_namespace" title="Wikipedia:Template index/Category namespace">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_index/File_namespace" title="Wikipedia:Template index/File namespace">File</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_index/Talk_namespace" title="Wikipedia:Template index/Talk namespace">Talk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_index/Template_namespace" title="Wikipedia:Template index/Template namespace">Template</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_index/User_namespace" title="Wikipedia:Template index/User namespace">User</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Userboxes" title="Wikipedia:Userboxes">Userboxes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_index/User_talk_namespace" title="Wikipedia:Template index/User talk namespace">User talk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_index/Wikipedia_namespace" title="Wikipedia:Template index/Wikipedia namespace">Wikipedia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_index/WikiProject_banners" title="Wikipedia:Template index/WikiProject banners">WikiProject banners</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">All namespaces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_index/Deletion" title="Wikipedia:Template index/Deletion">Deletion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_index/Speedy_deletion" title="Wikipedia:Template index/Speedy deletion">Speedy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_index/Format" title="Wikipedia:Template index/Format">Formatting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_index/Maintenance" title="Wikipedia:Template index/Maintenance">Maintenance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_index/Merging" title="Wikipedia:Template index/Merging">Merging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_index/Moving" title="Wikipedia:Template index/Moving">Moving</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_index/Moving/Requested" title="Wikipedia:Template index/Moving/Requested">Requested</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Navigation_template" title="Wikipedia:Navigation template">Navigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_index/Redirect_pages" title="Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect pages">Redirect pages</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:R_template_index" title="Template:R template index">Functional index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_index/Redirect_language_codes" title="Wikipedia:Template index/Redirect language codes">Language codes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_index/Splitting" title="Wikipedia:Template index/Splitting">Splitting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_index/Sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Template index/Sister projects">Wikimedia sister projects</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Navboxes<br/>with templates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Warchivenav" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Warchivenav">Archive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Afd_see_also_documentation" title="Template:Afd see also documentation">Articles for deletion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Birth,_death_and_age_templates" title="Template:Birth, death and age templates">Birth, death and age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Button_templates" title="Template:Button templates">Button</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Other_category-header_templates" title="Template:Other category-header templates">Category header</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Citation_and_verifiability_article_maintenance_templates" title="Template:Citation and verifiability article maintenance templates">Citation and verifiability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Citation_Style_1" title="Template:Citation Style 1">Citation Style 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:DRV_see_also_documentation" title="Template:DRV see also documentation">Deletion review</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Editnotice_templates" title="Template:Editnotice templates">Editnotice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Hatnote_templates" title="Template:Hatnote templates">Hatnotes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Help_desk_templates_navbox" title="Template:Help desk templates navbox">Help desk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Inline_cleanup_tags" title="Template:Inline cleanup tags">Inline cleanup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Introduction_cleanup_maintenance_templates" title="Template:Introduction cleanup maintenance templates">Introduction cleanup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:IPA_templates" title="Template:IPA templates">IPA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Math_templates" title="Template:Math templates">Math</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Notice_and_warning_templates" title="Template:Notice and warning templates">Notice and warnings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Organization_infoboxes" title="Template:Organization infoboxes">Organization infoboxes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Pam_see_also_documentation" title="Template:Pam see also documentation">Proposed article mergers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Protection_templates" title="Template:Protection templates">Protection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Quotation_templates" title="Template:Quotation templates">Quotation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:R_template_index" title="Template:R template index">Redirects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Search_templates" title="Template:Search templates">Search</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Semantic_markup_templates" title="Template:Semantic markup templates">Semantics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Speedy_deletion_navbox" title="Template:Speedy deletion navbox">Speedy deletion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Speedy_deletion_notices" title="Template:Speedy deletion notices">Notices</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:String-handling_templates" title="Template:String-handling templates">String-handling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Sup_and_sub-related_templates" title="Template:Sup and sub-related templates">Sup and sub-related</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Top_icon_templates" title="Template:Top icon templates">Top icon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Transwiki_maintenance" title="Template:Transwiki maintenance">Transwiki maintenance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Unicode_templates" title="Template:Unicode templates">Unicode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:User_talk_pages" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:User talk pages">User talk pages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:User_noticeboard_notices" title="Template:User noticeboard notices">User noticeboard notices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:WikiProject_Userboxes_navbox" title="Template:WikiProject Userboxes navbox">Userboxes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:User_rights_templates" title="Template:User rights templates">User rights</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Userspace_linking_templates" title="Template:Userspace linking templates">Userspace linking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Userspace_Disclaimers" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Userspace Disclaimers">Userspace Disclaimers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Wikibreak_templates" title="Template:Wikibreak templates">Wikibreak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:WikiLove_see_also" title="Template:WikiLove see also">WikiLove</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Inline images</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Icon" title="Template:Icon">Wikipedia icons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:List_of_discussion_templates" title="Wikipedia:List of discussion templates">Discussion icons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Done/See_also" title="Template:Done/See also">Comment icons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Emoji" title="Template:Emoji">Emoji</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Help pages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_documentation" title="Wikipedia:Template documentation">Template documentation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_index/Examples" title="Wikipedia:Template index/Examples">Examples of templates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Maintenance template removal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Requested_templates" title="Wikipedia:Requested templates">Requested templates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Template" title="Help:Template">Template help</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:A_quick_guide_to_templates" title="Help:A quick guide to templates">Quick guide</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_namespace" title="Wikipedia:Template namespace">Template namespace</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Templates" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Templates">WikiProject Templates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_index" title="Wikipedia:Template index">Index</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_templates" title="Category:Wikipedia templates">Category</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Search</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="mw-inputbox-centered" style=""><form name="searchbox" class="searchbox mw-inputbox-form-inline" action="/wiki/Special:Search" id="style-wide-searchbox"><div class="cdx-text-input"><input class="mw-searchInput searchboxInput cdx-text-input__input" name="search" placeholder="e.g. Infoboxes" size="25" dir="ltr"/></div> <input type="hidden" name="ns10" value="1" id="mw-inputbox-ns10-style-wide-searchbox0.035061916210" checked=""/> <input type="submit" name="fulltext" value="Search templates" class="cdx-button"/><input type="hidden" value="Search" name="fulltext"/></form></div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" 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<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_with_login_required_references_or_sources" title="Category:Pages with login required references or sources">Pages with login required references or sources</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_text_from_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the United States Air Force">Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the United States Air Force</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_text_from_the_Air_Force_Historical_Research_Agency" title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the Air Force Historical Research Agency">Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the Air Force Historical Research Agency</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_text_from_the_Biographical_Directory_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress">Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_text_from_the_World_Factbook" title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the World Factbook">Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the World Factbook</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_text_from_the_Dictionary_of_American_Naval_Fighting_Ships" title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships">Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_material_from_the_United_States_Department_of_Energy" title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating material from the United States Department of Energy">Wikipedia articles incorporating material from the United States Department of Energy</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_text_from_the_Federal_Standard_1037C" title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the Federal Standard 1037C">Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the Federal Standard 1037C</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_text_from_MIL-STD-188" title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating text from MIL-STD-188">Wikipedia articles incorporating text from MIL-STD-188</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_text_from_the_United_States_National_Library_of_Medicine" title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the United States National Library of Medicine">Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the United States National Library of Medicine</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_text_from_the_United_States_Marine_Corps" title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the United States Marine Corps">Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the United States Marine Corps</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_text_from_the_National_Archives_and_Records_Administration" title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the National Archives and Records Administration">Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the National Archives and Records Administration</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_text_from_NASA" title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating text from NASA">Wikipedia articles incorporating text from NASA</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_text_from_the_National_Cancer_Institute_Dictionary_of_Cancer_Terms" title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the National Cancer Institute Dictionary of Cancer Terms">Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the National Cancer Institute Dictionary of Cancer Terms</a></li><li><a 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title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the National Transportation Safety Board">Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the National Transportation Safety Board</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_text_from_the_Naval_Vessel_Register" title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the Naval Vessel Register">Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the Naval Vessel Register</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_text_from_public_domain_works_of_the_United_States_Government" title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating text from public domain works of the United States Government">Wikipedia articles incorporating text from public domain works of the United States Government</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_content_from_works_by_Recreation.gov" title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating content from works by Recreation.gov">Wikipedia articles 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</div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-6b7f745dd4-6pjqb","wgBackendResponseTime":183,"wgDiscussionToolsPageThreads":[{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Issues_with_sources","replies":[{"headingLevel":3,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Is_the_article_worth_it?-Issues_with_sources","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":3,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Dates-Issues_with_sources","replies":[]}]},{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Overarching_copyright_issues","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Combined_message_boxes","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Verifiability_and_sources","replies":[{"headingLevel":4,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Message_boxes-Verifiability_and_sources","replies":[{"headingLevel":5,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Individual_message_boxes:_Biographies_of_living_persons-Message_boxes","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":5,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Individual_message_boxes:_Issues_with_citations_and_sources-Message_boxes","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":5,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Individual_message_boxes:_Issues_with_style_or_format-Message_boxes","replies":[]}]},{"headingLevel":4,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Tags_inline_with_article_text-Verifiability_and_sources","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":4,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Links_for_search-Verifiability_and_sources","replies":[]}]},{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Including_third-party_content","replies":[{"headingLevel":3,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-United_States_federal_government_attribution_templates-Including_third-party_content","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":3,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-United_States_state_government_attribution_templates-Including_third-party_content","replies":[]}]},{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Other","replies":[{"headingLevel":3,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Public_domain-Other","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":3,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Wikis-Other","replies":[]}]},{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Citations_of_specific_sources","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Citations_of_generic_sources","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Use_in_footnotes","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Using_the_same_footnote_multiple_times","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Using_multiple_pages_from_the_same_source","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Creating_links_to_citations","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Using_commas_rather_than_periods","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Examples","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Harvard_reference_and_shortened_footnote_examples","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Variations","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Discussing_citations_on_talk_pages","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-See_also","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Notes","replies":[]}],"wgPageParseReport":{"discussiontools":{"limitreport-timeusage":"0.240"},"limitreport":{"cputime":"3.050","walltime":"4.041","ppvisitednodes":{"value":33335,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":1206699,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":77552,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":25,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":41,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":333816,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":4,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 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Factbook\"] = 1,\n [\"CURRENTMONTHNAME\"] = 2,\n [\"CURRENTYEAR\"] = 2,\n [\"California tourist guide\"] = 1,\n [\"Catholic\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite gnis\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite iucn\"] = 1,\n [\"Citizendium\"] = 1,\n [\"Country study\"] = 1,\n [\"DADS\"] = 1,\n [\"DANFS\"] = 1,\n [\"DCBL\"] = 1,\n [\"DGRBM\"] = 1,\n [\"DGRG\"] = 1,\n [\"DHS\"] = 1,\n [\"DNB\"] = 1,\n [\"Disputed-section\"] = 1,\n [\"DoE\"] = 1,\n [\"Eastons\"] = 1,\n [\"Etude\"] = 1,\n [\"Expand section\"] = 1,\n [\"FJC Bio\"] = 1,\n [\"FLGovernment\"] = 1,\n [\"FOLDOC\"] = 1,\n [\"FS1037C\"] = 1,\n [\"FS1037C MS188\"] = 1,\n [\"FishBase family\"] = 1,\n [\"FishBase genus\"] = 1,\n [\"FishBase species\"] = 1,\n [\"FishBase species alt\"] = 1,\n [\"From Camerapedia\"] = 1,\n [\"GHR\"] = 1,\n [\"GSE\"] = 1,\n [\"Geological Survey of California\"] = 1,\n [\"Gpn\"] = 1,\n [\"Gray's\"] = 1,\n [\"Grocers\"] = 1,\n [\"Gutenberg\"] = 1,\n [\"HHS content\"] = 1,\n [\"Hatnote\"] = 2,\n [\"ITIS\"] = 1,\n [\"Include-ILCS\"] = 1,\n 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