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<div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Lloc"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Somari" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Somari</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mòu a la barra laterala</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">Escondre</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Començament</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Istòria" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Istòria"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Istòria</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Istòria-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Commuta la subsecció Istòria</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Istòria-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Lei_periòdes_preïstoric_e_antic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lei_periòdes_preïstoric_e_antic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Lei periòdes preïstoric e antic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lei_periòdes_preïstoric_e_antic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Aparicion_e_Edat_dau_Bronze" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aparicion_e_Edat_dau_Bronze"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.1</span> <span>Aparicion e Edat dau Bronze</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aparicion_e_Edat_dau_Bronze-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Edat_dau_Fèrre" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Edat_dau_Fèrre"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.2</span> <span>Edat dau Fèrre</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Edat_dau_Fèrre-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Antiquitat_Grèga_e_Romana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Antiquitat_Grèga_e_Romana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.3</span> <span>Antiquitat Grèga e Romana</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Antiquitat_Grèga_e_Romana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Antiquitat_chinesa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Antiquitat_chinesa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.4</span> <span>Antiquitat chinesa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Antiquitat_chinesa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Edat_Mejana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Edat_Mejana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Edat Mejana</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Edat_Mejana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Euròpa_e_Orient_Mejan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Euròpa_e_Orient_Mejan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.1</span> <span>Euròpa e Orient Mejan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Euròpa_e_Orient_Mejan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Èst_d'Asia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Èst_d'Asia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.2</span> <span>Èst d'Asia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Èst_d'Asia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sud_e_Sud-Èst_d'Asia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sud_e_Sud-Èst_d'Asia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.3</span> <span>Sud e Sud-Èst d'Asia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sud_e_Sud-Èst_d'Asia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-De_la_fin_de_l'Edat_Mejana_a_la_Renaissença" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#De_la_fin_de_l'Edat_Mejana_a_la_Renaissença"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>De la fin de l'Edat Mejana a la Renaissença</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-De_la_fin_de_l'Edat_Mejana_a_la_Renaissença-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Lo_desvolopament_dei_raspièras_e_dei_sabres" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lo_desvolopament_dei_raspièras_e_dei_sabres"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.1</span> <span>Lo desvolopament dei raspièras e dei sabres</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lo_desvolopament_dei_raspièras_e_dei_sabres-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Leis_espasas_mesoamericanas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Leis_espasas_mesoamericanas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.2</span> <span>Leis espasas mesoamericanas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Leis_espasas_mesoamericanas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lo_Periòde_Modèrne_e_lo_declin_de_l'espasa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lo_Periòde_Modèrne_e_lo_declin_de_l'espasa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Lo Periòde Modèrne e lo declin de l'espasa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lo_Periòde_Modèrne_e_lo_declin_de_l'espasa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-L'abandon_de_l'espasa_sus_lei_prats_batalhiers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#L'abandon_de_l'espasa_sus_lei_prats_batalhiers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4.1</span> <span>L'abandon de l'espasa sus lei prats batalhiers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-L'abandon_de_l'espasa_sus_lei_prats_batalhiers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lo_desvolopament_de_l'escrima_esportiva" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lo_desvolopament_de_l'escrima_esportiva"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4.2</span> <span>Lo desvolopament de l'escrima esportiva</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lo_desvolopament_de_l'escrima_esportiva-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Anatomia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Anatomia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Anatomia</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Anatomia-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Commuta la subsecció Anatomia</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Anatomia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-La_lama" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_lama"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>La lama</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_lama-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-La_garda" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_garda"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>La garda</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_garda-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-La_ponhada" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_ponhada"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>La ponhada</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_ponhada-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lo_pomèu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lo_pomèu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Lo pomèu</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lo_pomèu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Classificacions_e_modèls_d'espasa_de_remarca" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Classificacions_e_modèls_d'espasa_de_remarca"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Classificacions e modèls d'espasa de remarca</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Classificacions_e_modèls_d'espasa_de_remarca-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Commuta la subsecció Classificacions e modèls d'espasa de remarca</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Classificacions_e_modèls_d'espasa_de_remarca-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Critèris_e_classificacions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Critèris_e_classificacions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Critèris e classificacions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Critèris_e_classificacions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modèls_de_remarca" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modèls_de_remarca"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Modèls de remarca</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modèls_de_remarca-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Glasi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Glasi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.1</span> <span>Glasi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Glasi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Spatha" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spatha"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.2</span> <span><i>Spatha</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spatha-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Espasa_bastarda" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Espasa_bastarda"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.3</span> <span>Espasa bastarda</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Espasa_bastarda-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Raspièra" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Raspièra"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.4</span> <span>Raspièra</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Raspièra-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sabre" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sabre"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.5</span> <span>Sabre</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sabre-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Simitarra" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Simitarra"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.6</span> <span>Simitarra</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Simitarra-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Iatagan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iatagan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.7</span> <span>Iatagan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iatagan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Katana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Katana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.8</span> <span>Katana</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Katana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cultura" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cultura"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Cultura</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cultura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Liames_intèrnes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liames_intèrnes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Liames intèrnes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liames_intèrnes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Bibliografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nòtas_e_referéncias" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nòtas_e_referéncias"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Nòtas e referéncias</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nòtas_e_referéncias-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Somari" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Taula de continguts" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Commuta la taula de continguts." > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Commuta la taula de continguts.</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Espasa</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vés a un article en una altra llengua. Disponible en 143 llengües" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-143" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">143 lengas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swaard" title="Swaard - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Swaard" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwert" title="Schwert - aleman de Soïssa" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Schwert" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="aleman de Soïssa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%A0%E1%8B%AD%E1%8D%8D" title="ሠይፍ - amaric" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሠይፍ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amaric" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espada" title="Espada - aragonés" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Espada" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweord" title="Sweord - anglès antic" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Sweord" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="anglès antic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0" title="तलवार - angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="तलवार" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%81" title="سيف - arabi" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سيف" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A3%DC%9D%DC%A6%DC%90_(%DC%99%DC%9D%DC%A2%DC%90)" title="ܣܝܦܐ (ܙܝܢܐ) - arameu" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܣܝܦܐ (ܙܝܢܐ)" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="arameu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%81" title="سيف - àrab egipci" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="سيف" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="àrab egipci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espada" title="Espada - asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Espada" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q%C4%B1l%C4%B1nc" title="Qılınc - azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Qılınc" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AC" title="قیلینج - South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="قیلینج" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%A0%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%81" title="Ҡылыс - baixkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Ҡылыс" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baixkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalav%C4%97jis" title="Kalavėjis - samogitien" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Kalavėjis" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="samogitien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%87" title="Меч - belarús" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Меч" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarús" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%87" title="Меч - Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Меч" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%87" title="Меч - bulgar" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Меч" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF" title="তরবারি - bengalin" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="তরবারি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%91%E0%BD%94%E0%BD%A0%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%91%E0%BD%98%E0%BC%8D" title="དཔའ་དམ། - tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="དཔའ་དམ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kleze" title="Kleze - breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Kleze" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ma%C4%8D" title="Mač - bosniac" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Mač" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bug mw-list-item"><a href="https://bug.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peddang" title="Peddang - buginés" lang="bug" hreflang="bug" data-title="Peddang" data-language-autonym="Basa Ugi" data-language-local-name="buginés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Ugi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%BA%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%8D" title="Һэлмэ - Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Һэлмэ" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espasa" title="Espasa - catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Espasa" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%85" title="ГӀалакх - chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="ГӀалакх" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espada" title="Espada - cebuan" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Espada" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%B4%DB%8E%D8%B1" title="شمشێر - kurd central" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="شمشێر" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurd central" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Me%C4%8D" title="Meč - chèc" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Meč" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="chèc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleddyf" title="Cleddyf - gal·lès" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Cleddyf" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gal·lès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sv%C3%A6rd" title="Sværd - danés" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Sværd" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwert" title="Schwert - alemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Schwert" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9E%CE%AF%CF%86%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Ξίφος - grèc" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ξίφος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grèc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sword" title="Sword - anglés" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Sword" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glavo" title="Glavo - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Glavo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espada" title="Espada - espanhòl" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Espada" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanhòl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%B5%C3%B5k" title="Mõõk - estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Mõõk" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ezpata" title="Ezpata - basc" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ezpata" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%B1" title="شمشیر - perse" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شمشیر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miekka" title="Miekka - finlandés" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Miekka" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%B5%C3%B5k" title="Mõõk - võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Mõõk" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iseleiwau" title="Iseleiwau - fijian" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Iseleiwau" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="fijian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89p%C3%A9e" title="Épée - francés" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Épée" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sw%C3%B6rd" title="Swörd - frisó septentrional" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Swörd" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frisó septentrional" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swurd" title="Swurd - frisó occidental" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Swurd" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frisó occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cla%C3%ADomh" title="Claíomh - irlandés" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Claíomh" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claidheamh" title="Claidheamh - gaelic escossés" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Claidheamh" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="gaelic escossés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espada" title="Espada - galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Espada" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kysepuku" title="Kysepuku - guaraní" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Kysepuku" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guaraní" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="तरसाद - Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="तरसाद" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%B7%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8D%82%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8D%83" title="𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌿𐍃 - gòtic" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌿𐍃" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="gòtic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%B2%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0" title="તલવાર - gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="તલવાર" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takobi" title="Takobi - haussa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Takobi" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="haussa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%A8%D7%91" title="חרב - ebrèu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="חרב" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebrèu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0" title="तलवार - Indi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="तलवार" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Indi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talwaar" title="Talwaar - hindi de Fiji" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Talwaar" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="hindi de Fiji" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ma%C4%8D" title="Mač - croat" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Mač" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kard" title="Kard - ongrés" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kard" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ongrés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B9%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%80" title="Թուր - armèni" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Թուր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armèni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spada" title="Spada - interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Spada" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedang" title="Pedang - indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Pedang" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pana" title="Pana - inupiak" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Pana" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="inupiak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espado" title="Espado - ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Espado" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sver%C3%B0" title="Sverð - islandés" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Sverð" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spada" title="Spada - italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Spada" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%88%80%E5%89%A3" title="刀剣 - japonés" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="刀剣" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suod" title="Suod - crioll anglès de Jamaica" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Suod" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="crioll anglès de Jamaica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/cladakyxa%27i" title="cladakyxa'i - lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="cladakyxa'i" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="ხმალი - georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ხმალი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agestur" title="Agestur - cabil" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Agestur" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="cabil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/You_s%C9%A9%C9%A3a" title="You sɩɣa - Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="You sɩɣa" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tswat" title="Tswat - tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Tswat" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%9A%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%88" title="Қылыш - cazac" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Қылыш" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="cazac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%BF" title="ಕತ್ತಿ - kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಕತ್ತಿ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8F%84%EA%B2%80" title="도검 - corean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="도검" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="corean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9E%C3%BBr" title="Şûr - curd" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Şûr" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="curd" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D1%8B%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%80%D1%82" title="Шыпурт - komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Шыпурт" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kledha" title="Kledha - cornic" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Kledha" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="cornic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%87" title="Кылыч - kirguís" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Кылыч" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirguís" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladius" title="Gladius - latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Gladius" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schw%C3%A4ert" title="Schwäert - luxemborgés" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Schwäert" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemborgés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spada" title="Spada - lingua franca nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Spada" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="lingua franca nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spada" title="Spada - llombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Spada" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="llombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalavijas" title="Kalavijas - lituan" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kalavijas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zobens" title="Zobens - leton" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Zobens" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="leton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saba-droa_lela" title="Saba-droa lela - malgash" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Saba-droa lela" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%87" title="Меч - macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Меч" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BE" title="വാൾ - malaiàlam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="വാൾ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malaiàlam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BB%D0%B4" title="Илд - mongòl" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Илд" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongòl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%8A%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%A1_(%EA%AF%88%EA%AF%A8%EA%AF%A0%EA%AF%81%EA%AF%A8)" title="ꯊꯥꯡ (ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯨ) - manipurí" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯊꯥꯡ (ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯨ)" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="manipurí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0" title="तलवार - marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="तलवार" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedang" title="Pedang - malai" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pedang" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%90%D9%85%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%84" title="شِمشیل - mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="شِمشیل" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teposmakkwawitl" title="Teposmakkwawitl - Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Teposmakkwawitl" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweerd" title="Sweerd - baix alemany" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Sweerd" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="baix alemany" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0" title="तरबार - nepalés" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="तरबार" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0" title="तरवार - newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="तरवार" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zwaard_(wapen)" title="Zwaard (wapen) - neerlandés" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Zwaard (wapen)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sverd" title="Sverd - norvegian nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Sverd" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegian nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sverd" title="Sverd - norvegian bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sverd" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegian bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0" title="ਤਲਵਾਰ - punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਤਲਵਾਰ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miecz" title="Miecz - polonés" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Miecz" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spa" title="Spa - piemontès" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Spa" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piemontès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="تلوار - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="تلوار" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%87_(%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%87)" title="توره (وسله) - pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="توره (وسله)" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espada" title="Espada - portugués" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Espada" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sawli" title="Sawli - quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Sawli" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spad%C4%83" title="Spadă - romanés" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Spadă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%87" title="Меч - rus" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Меч" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%81" title="Кылыс - iacut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Кылыс" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="iacut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spata" title="Spata - sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Spata" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swuird" title="Swuird - escossés" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Swuird" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="escossés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ma%C4%8D" title="Mač - serbocroat" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Mač" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbocroat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%A9%E0%B7%94%E0%B7%80" title="කඩුව - singalès" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="කඩුව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singalès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sword" title="Sword - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Sword" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Me%C4%8D" title="Meč - eslovac" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Meč" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Me%C4%8D" title="Meč - eslovèn" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Meč" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="eslovèn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munondo" title="Munondo - shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Munondo" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seef" title="Seef - somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Seef" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shpata" title="Shpata - albanés" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Shpata" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%87" title="Мач - serbi" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Мач" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sw%C3%A4id" title="Swäid - saterlandais" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Swäid" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="saterlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedang" title="Pedang - sondanès" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Pedang" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sondanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sv%C3%A4rd" title="Svärd - suedés" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Svärd" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upanga" title="Upanga - swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Upanga" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="வாள் - tamol" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வாள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%96%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82" title="ఖడ్గం - telogó" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఖడ్గం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telogó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%88%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Шамшер - tajic" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Шамшер" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tajic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9A" title="ดาบ - tai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ดาบ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabak" title="Tabak - tagal" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Tabak" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C4%B1l%C4%B1%C3%A7" title="Kılıç - turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kılıç" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%87" title="Меч - ucrainés" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Меч" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucrainés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="تلوار - ordó" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="تلوار" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ordó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qilich" title="Qilich - ozbèc" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Qilich" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ozbèc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spada" title="Spada - vènet" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Spada" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="vènet" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mek" title="Mek - vepse" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Mek" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="vepse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ki%E1%BA%BFm" title="Kiếm - vietnamian" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Kiếm" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zwoard" title="Zwoard - flamenc occidental" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Zwoard" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="flamenc occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sp%C3%AAye_(%C3%A5re)" title="Spêye (åre) - való" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Spêye (åre)" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="való" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espada" title="Espada - waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Espada" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%AE%D0%BB%D0%B4" title="Үлд - kalmoc" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Үлд" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="kalmoc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%93" title="שווערד - yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="שווערד" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%88%80%E5%8A%8D" title="刀劍 - chinés" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="刀劍" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%88%80%E5%8A%8D" title="刀劍 - cantonés" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="刀劍" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q12791#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modificar los ligams interlenga" class="wbc-editpage">Modificar los ligams</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espacis de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Espasa" title="Veire l’article [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Discutir:Espasa&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Discussion a prepaus d'aquesta pagina (la pagina non existís pas) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Canvia la variant de llengua" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">occitan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Afichatges"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Espasa"><span>Legir</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&veaction=edit" title="Modificar aquela pagina [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modificar</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&action=edit" title="Modificar lo còdi font d'aquela pagina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>modificar lo còdi</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&action=history" title="Los autors e versions precedentas d'aquesta pagina. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Veire l'istoric</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Eines de la pàgina"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Bóstia d'aisinas" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Bóstia d'aisinas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aisinas</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">mòu a la barra laterala</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">Escondre</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Mai d'opcions" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Accions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Espasa"><span>Legir</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&veaction=edit" title="Modificar aquela pagina [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modificar</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&action=edit" title="Modificar lo còdi font d'aquela pagina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>modificar lo còdi</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&action=history"><span>Veire l'istoric</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General - Generau </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Paginas_ligadas/Espasa" title="Lista de las paginas ligadas a aquesta. [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Paginas connèxas</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Seguit_dels_ligams/Espasa" rel="nofollow" title="Lista dels darrièrs cambiaments de las paginas ligadas a aquesta [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Seguiment dels ligams</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=oc" title="Mandar un imatge o fichièr mèdia sul servidor [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Importar un fichièr</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&oldid=2426212" title="Ligam permanent cap a aquesta version de la pagina"><span>Ligam permanent</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&action=info" title="Mai d’informacion sus aquesta pagina"><span>Informacion sus la pagina</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Citar&page=Espasa&id=2426212&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informacions sus cossí citar aquesta pagina"><span>Citar aqueste article</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Foc.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FEspasa"><span>Obténer una URL acorchida</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Foc.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FEspasa"><span>Telecargar lo còdi QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Imprimir / exportar </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Libre&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Espasa"><span>Crear un libre</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:DownloadAsPdf&page=Espasa&action=show-download-screen"><span>Telecargar coma PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&printable=yes" title="Version imprimibla d'aquesta pagina [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Imprimir</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dins d'autres projèctes </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Swords" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q12791" title="Ligam cap a l’element de referencial de las donadas connectadas [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Element Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Eines de la pàgina"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aparéncia"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aparéncia</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mòu a la barra laterala</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">Escondre</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-1000_articles_fondamentals" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span class="mw-default-size mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A8dia:Ti%C3%A8ra_de_1000_articles_que_totas_las_Wikip%C3%A8dias_deuri%C3%A1n_aver" title="Tièra de 1000 articles que totas las Wikipèdias deurián aver."><img alt="Tièra de 1000 articles que totas las 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Tv%C3%A5handssv%C3%A4rd%2C_Italien%2C_ca_1623_-_Skoklosters_slott_-_58741.tif/lossy-page1-330px-Tv%C3%A5handssv%C3%A4rd%2C_Italien%2C_ca_1623_-_Skoklosters_slott_-_58741.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Tv%C3%A5handssv%C3%A4rd%2C_Italien%2C_ca_1623_-_Skoklosters_slott_-_58741.tif/lossy-page1-440px-Tv%C3%A5handssv%C3%A4rd%2C_Italien%2C_ca_1623_-_Skoklosters_slott_-_58741.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3328" data-file-height="4992" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Fotografia" title="Fotografia">Fotografia</a> d'una espasa <a href="/wiki/Eur%C3%B2pa" title="Euròpa">europèa</a> de la premiera mitat dau sègle XVII.</figcaption></figure> <p>Una <b>espasa</b> (var. <b>espada</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) es una <a href="/wiki/Arma_(gu%C3%A8rra)" title="Arma (guèrra)">arma</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arma_blanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arma blanca (la pagina existís pas)">blanca</a> compausada au mens d'una <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lama_(arma)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lama (arma) (la pagina existís pas)">lama</a> e d'una ponhada. Permet de picar un adversari amb lo talhant de la lama ò de lo traforar amb la poncha. Apareguda probablament vèrs la fin dau milleni III avC, foguèt tornada inventar mai d'un còp d'un biais independent e venguèt una <a href="/wiki/Arma_(gu%C3%A8rra)" title="Arma (guèrra)">arma</a> fòrça utilizada fins a la generalizacion d'<a href="/wiki/Arma_de_fu%C3%B2c" title="Arma de fuòc">armas de fuòc</a> eficaças dins lo corrent dau sègle XIX. Pasmens, en despiech de sa disparicion dins leis armadas modèrnas, demorèt utilizada dins la practica de l'<a href="/wiki/Escrima" title="Escrima">escrima</a> <a href="/wiki/Esp%C3%B2rt" title="Espòrt">esportiva</a>. De mai, es totjorn un objècte de prestigi ò de comandament dins divèrseis institucions coma lei <a href="/wiki/Armada" title="Armada">fòrças militaras</a> e certaneis academias <a href="/wiki/Sci%C3%A9ncia" title="Sciéncia">scientificas</a> ò <a href="/wiki/Literatura" title="Literatura">literàrias</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Istòria"><span id="Ist.C3.B2ria"></span>Istòria</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modificar la seccion : Istòria" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&action=edit&section=1" title="Editar lo còdi de la seccion seguenta: Istòria"><span>modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lei_periòdes_preïstoric_e_antic"><span id="Lei_peri.C3.B2des_pre.C3.AFstoric_e_antic"></span>Lei periòdes preïstoric e antic</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modificar la seccion : Lei periòdes preïstoric e antic" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&action=edit&section=2" title="Editar lo còdi de la seccion seguenta: Lei periòdes preïstoric e antic"><span>modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Aparicion_e_Edat_dau_Bronze">Aparicion e Edat dau Bronze</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modificar la seccion : Aparicion e Edat dau Bronze" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&action=edit&section=3" title="Editar lo còdi de la seccion seguenta: Aparicion e Edat dau Bronze"><span>modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lei premiereis espasas identificadas per lei recèrcas <a href="/wiki/Arqueologia" title="Arqueologia">arqueologicas</a> foguèron fabricadas en <a href="/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia">Mesopotamia</a> vèrs la fin dau milleni IV avC. Lei pus ancianas datan de <a href="/w/index.php?title=-3300&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="-3300 (la pagina existís pas)">3300 avC</a> e foguèron trobadas dins lei roïnas de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arslantepe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arslantepe (la pagina existís pas)">Milid</a> en <a href="/wiki/Turquia" title="Turquia">Turquia</a>. Pasmens, semblan puslèu a de <a href="/wiki/Daga" title="Daga">dagas</a> lòngas e non a d'espasas vertadieras car lei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lama_(arma)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lama (arma) (la pagina existís pas)">lamas</a> d'una <a href="/w/index.php?title=Longor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Longor (la pagina existís pas)">longor</a> superiora a 60 cm demorèron raras fins a la fin de l'<a href="/wiki/Edat_del_Bronze" title="Edat del Bronze">Edat dau Bronze</a>. La rason èra l'utilizacion de <a href="/wiki/Coire" title="Coire">coire</a>, un <a href="/wiki/Metal" title="Metal">metau</a> fòrça maleable. L'adopcion dau <a href="/wiki/Bronze" title="Bronze">bronze</a> permetèt de renfòrçar lei lamas mai aquel <a href="/wiki/Aliatge" title="Aliatge">aliatge</a> èra totjorn tròp fragils per autorizar la fabricacion d'<a href="/wiki/Arma_(gu%C3%A8rra)" title="Arma (guèrra)">armas</a> lòngas. </p><p>Après <a href="/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia">Mesopotamia</a>, l'espasa se difusèt en <a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a>, en <a href="/wiki/Eur%C3%B2pa" title="Euròpa">Euròpa</a> e en <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a>. Aquò favorizèt l'aparicion de perfeccionaments variats que permetèron l'aparicion dei premiers modèls vertadiers. En particular, foguèt eficaça una concepcion amb una lama <a href="/wiki/Triangle" title="Triangle">triangulara</a> que permetiá de renfòrçar sa basa. Regardant la <a href="/wiki/Metallurgia" title="Metallurgia">metallurgia</a>, de progrès importants foguèron realizats amb una demenicion de la concentracion d'<a href="/wiki/Estam" class="mw-redirect" title="Estam">estam</a> dins leis <a href="/wiki/Aliatge" title="Aliatge">aliatges</a> de <a href="/wiki/Bronze" title="Bronze">bronze</a>. Aquò permetèt d'aumentar la resisténcia dei lamas e de concebre d'armas permetent de traforar d'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Est%C3%B2c&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Estòc (la pagina existís pas)">estòc</a> ò de copar un advèrsari dau <a href="/w/index.php?title=Talhant_(arma)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Talhant (arma) (la pagina existís pas)">talhant</a>. </p><p>Gràcias a aquelei melhoraments, l'espasa venguèt una <a href="/wiki/Arma_(gu%C3%A8rra)" title="Arma (guèrra)">arma</a> pus aisada de produrre. Ansin, se demorèt generalament una <a href="/wiki/Arma_(gu%C3%A8rra)" title="Arma (guèrra)">arma</a> portada per l'elèit <a href="/w/index.php?title=Guerrier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guerrier (la pagina existís pas)">guerrier</a>, l'armada <a href="/wiki/Egipte" title="Egipte">egipciana</a> aguèt la capacitat d'equipar d'unitats complètas amb d'espasas. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Khopesh.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Espasa egipciana (sègle XVIII avC)"><img alt="Espasa egipciana (sègle XVIII avC)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Khopesh.jpg/120px-Khopesh.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="37" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Khopesh.jpg/180px-Khopesh.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Khopesh.jpg/240px-Khopesh.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2235" data-file-height="687" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Espasa <a href="/wiki/Egipte" title="Egipte">egipciana</a> (sègle XVIII avC)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Apa_Schwerter.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Espasa de bronze balcanicas (Apa, sègle XVII avC)"><img alt="Espasa de bronze balcanicas (Apa, sègle XVII avC)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Apa_Schwerter.jpg/120px-Apa_Schwerter.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Apa_Schwerter.jpg/180px-Apa_Schwerter.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Apa_Schwerter.jpg/240px-Apa_Schwerter.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="504" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Espasa de bronze <a href="/wiki/Balcans" title="Balcans">balcanicas</a> (Apa, sègle XVII avC)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Nebra_Schwerter.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Espasas de bronze amb una lama de basa triangulara (Nebra, vèrs 1 600 avC)"><img alt="Espasas de bronze amb una lama de basa triangulara (Nebra, vèrs 1 600 avC)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Nebra_Schwerter.jpg/120px-Nebra_Schwerter.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="43" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Nebra_Schwerter.jpg/250px-Nebra_Schwerter.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="357" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Espasas de <a href="/wiki/Bronze" title="Bronze">bronze</a> amb una <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lama_(arma)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lama (arma) (la pagina existís pas)">lama</a> de basa <a href="/wiki/Triangle" title="Triangle">triangulara</a> (<a href="/wiki/Nebra" title="Nebra">Nebra</a>, vèrs 1 600 avC)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Edat_dau_Fèrre"><span id="Edat_dau_F.C3.A8rre"></span>Edat dau Fèrre</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modificar la seccion : Edat dau Fèrre" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&action=edit&section=4" title="Editar lo còdi de la seccion seguenta: Edat dau Fèrre"><span>modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>L'utilizacion dau <a href="/wiki/F%C3%A8rre" title="Fèrre">fèrre</a> se desvolopèt a partir dau sègle XIII avC en causa de la demenicion progressiva dei ressorsas necessàrias per produrre de <a href="/wiki/Bronze" title="Bronze">bronze</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Lei <a href="/wiki/Civilizacion" title="Civilizacion">civilizacions</a> <a href="/wiki/Ititas" title="Ititas">itita</a>, <a href="/wiki/Egipte_antica" class="mw-redirect" title="Egipte antica">egipiciana</a> e <a href="/wiki/Cultura_de_Hallstatt" title="Cultura de Hallstatt">protocèlta de Hallstatt</a> foguèron probablament lei premierei qu'adoptèron l'usatges d'espasas de <a href="/wiki/F%C3%A8rre" title="Fèrre">fèrre</a>. La forma e l'utilizacion d'aqueleis espasas èran similaras a aquelei de la fin de l'<a href="/wiki/Edat_dau_Bronze" class="mw-redirect" title="Edat dau Bronze">Edat dau Bronze</a>. Pasmens, venguèron pus aisadas de forjar en quantitat importanta. Ansin, l'equipament d'unitats de soudats amb d'espasa se desvolopèt en fòra d'<a href="/wiki/Egipte" title="Egipte">Egipte</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Antiquitat_Grèga_e_Romana"><span id="Antiquitat_Gr.C3.A8ga_e_Romana"></span>Antiquitat Grèga e Romana</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modificar la seccion : Antiquitat Grèga e Romana" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&action=edit&section=5" title="Editar lo còdi de la seccion seguenta: Antiquitat Grèga e Romana"><span>modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Au sègle VI avC, au començament dau periòde de la <a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%A8cia_antica" title="Grècia antica">Grècia Classica</a>, l'utilizacion d'espasas èra venguda frequenta en <a href="/wiki/Eur%C3%B2pa" title="Euròpa">Euròpa</a>, en <a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a> e en <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a>. Apareguèron de modèls de longors e d'espessors variadas. Entre lei pus famós, se pòu citar lo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gladius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gladius (la pagina existís pas)">gladius</a> <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Roman" class="mw-redirect" title="Empèri Roman">roman</a> que foguèt l'arma de predileccion dei <a href="/wiki/Legion_romana" title="Legion romana">legionaris</a>. D'una longor situada entre 60 e 90 cm, permetiá de combatre d'un biais eficaç au còrs a còrs e foguèt a l'origina de victòrias <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Roman" class="mw-redirect" title="Empèri Roman">romanas</a> majoras coma lei combats de <a href="/wiki/Batalha_de_Cinosc%C3%A8fales" title="Batalha de Cinoscèfales">Cinoscèfales</a> e de <a href="/wiki/Batalha_de_Pidna" title="Batalha de Pidna">Pidna</a> còntra la <a href="/wiki/Falanja" title="Falanja">falanja</a> <a href="/wiki/Reialme_de_Maced%C3%B2nia" title="Reialme de Macedònia">macedoniana</a> equipada de <a href="/wiki/Lan%C3%A7a" title="Lança">lanças</a> lòngas. </p><p>En parallèl, lo primat de l'espasa dins l'armada romana entraïnèt son utilizacion coma arma de prestigi reservada a un elèit. Fenomèn present dins d'autrei regions coma <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Pèrsia</a> e <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Dndia" title="Índia">Índia</a>, aguèt una importància particulara dins l'espaci roman onte l'espasa venguèt l'<a href="/wiki/Arma_(gu%C3%A8rra)" title="Arma (guèrra)">arma</a> utilizada per leis execucions de membres de l'<a href="/wiki/Aristocracia" title="Aristocracia">aristocracia</a> e, pus generalament, un simbòl de poder. </p><p>Autra evolucion de la fin dau periòde <a href="/wiki/Antiquitat" title="Antiquitat">antic</a>, l'aparicion d'<a href="/wiki/Artesanat" title="Artesanat">artesans</a> especializats dins la fabricacion d'espasas. Pasmens, aquò favorizèt subretot la reproduccion deis armas existentas amb l'introduccion, fòrça lenta, d'imitacions e de melhoraments eissits de modèls en usatge dins de regions vesinas. Per exemple, l'espasa dei cavaliers germans, relativament lònga per son epòca, foguèt adoptada per lei <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A8ltas" title="Cèltas">Cèltas</a> e, finalament, introducha dins la <a href="/wiki/Cavalari%C3%A1" title="Cavalariá">cavalariá</a> <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Roman" class="mw-redirect" title="Empèri Roman">romana</a> per d'auxiliars <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A8ltas" title="Cèltas">cèltas</a> ò germans sota lo nom de <i>spatha</i>. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Xiphos_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Reconstitucion modèrna d'un xiphos grèc"><img alt="Reconstitucion modèrna d'un xiphos grèc" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Xiphos_2.jpg/120px-Xiphos_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Xiphos_2.jpg/180px-Xiphos_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Xiphos_2.jpg/240px-Xiphos_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="291" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Reconstitucion modèrna d'un <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xiphos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xiphos (la pagina existís pas)">xiphos</a></i> <a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%A8cia_antica" title="Grècia antica">grèc</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Uncrossed_gladius.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Reconstitucion modèrna d'un gladius roman"><img alt="Reconstitucion modèrna d'un gladius roman" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Uncrossed_gladius.jpg/120px-Uncrossed_gladius.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Uncrossed_gladius.jpg/180px-Uncrossed_gladius.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Uncrossed_gladius.jpg/240px-Uncrossed_gladius.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Reconstitucion modèrna d'un <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gladius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gladius (la pagina existís pas)">gladius</a></i> <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Roman" class="mw-redirect" title="Empèri Roman">roman</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Spatha_end_of_second_century_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Reconstitucion modèrna d'una spatha romana"><img alt="Reconstitucion modèrna d'una spatha romana" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Spatha_end_of_second_century_1.jpg/44px-Spatha_end_of_second_century_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="44" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Spatha_end_of_second_century_1.jpg/67px-Spatha_end_of_second_century_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Spatha_end_of_second_century_1.jpg/89px-Spatha_end_of_second_century_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="906" data-file-height="2427" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Reconstitucion modèrna d'una <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spatha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spatha (la pagina existís pas)">spatha</a></i> <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Roman" class="mw-redirect" title="Empèri Roman">romana</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Antiquitat_chinesa">Antiquitat chinesa</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modificar la seccion : Antiquitat chinesa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&action=edit&section=6" title="Editar lo còdi de la seccion seguenta: Antiquitat chinesa"><span>modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>En <a href="/wiki/Republica_Populara_de_China" title="Republica Populara de China">China</a>, apareguèron d'espasas d'<a href="/wiki/Aci%C3%A8r" title="Acièr">acier</a> a la fin dau periòde dei <a href="/wiki/Dinastia_Zhou" title="Dinastia Zhou">Zhou</a> Occidentaus (sègles XI-VIII avC). Pasmens, son usatge demorèt rar fins au sègle III avC. Dos tipes principaus existián amb de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lama_(arma)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lama (arma) (la pagina existís pas)">lamas</a> de talhant simple ò doble. Lo pus conegut foguèt lo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhanmadao&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zhanmadao (la pagina existís pas)">zhanmadao</a>, concebut durant l'<a href="/wiki/Dinastia_Song" title="Dinastia Song">èra Song</a>, que permetiá de luchar còntra leis unitats de <a href="/wiki/Cavalari%C3%A1" title="Cavalariá">cavalariá</a> enemiga. Lo <a href="/wiki/Dao" class="mw-redirect" title="Dao">dao</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sabre" title="Sabre">sabre</a> robust permetent d'atacar de talha e d'estoc, foguèt tanben una arma populara tant au sen de la <a href="/wiki/Cavalari%C3%A1" title="Cavalariá">cavalariá</a> que de l'<a href="/wiki/Infantari%C3%A1" title="Infantariá">infantariá</a>. Èra probablament originari de l'<a href="/wiki/Est%C3%A8pa" title="Estèpa">estèpa</a>. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Bronze_sword_inlaid_with_turquoise_01.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Espasas de bronze chinesas dau Periòde dei Primas e deis Automnas (sègles VIII-V avC)"><img alt="Espasas de bronze chinesas dau Periòde dei Primas e deis Automnas (sègles VIII-V avC)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Bronze_sword_inlaid_with_turquoise_01.JPG/120px-Bronze_sword_inlaid_with_turquoise_01.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Bronze_sword_inlaid_with_turquoise_01.JPG/180px-Bronze_sword_inlaid_with_turquoise_01.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Bronze_sword_inlaid_with_turquoise_01.JPG/240px-Bronze_sword_inlaid_with_turquoise_01.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Espasas de <a href="/wiki/Bronze" title="Bronze">bronze</a> <a href="/wiki/Republica_Populara_de_China" title="Republica Populara de China">chinesas</a> dau <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peri%C3%B2de_dei_Primas_e_deis_Automnas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Periòde dei Primas e deis Automnas (la pagina existís pas)">Periòde dei Primas e deis Automnas</a> (sègles VIII-V avC)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Sword_of_Goujian,_Hubei_Provincial_Museum,_2015-04-06_01-edit.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Espasa de Gujian, espasa de bronze chinesa dau Periòde dei Primas e deis Automnas (sègles VIII-V avC)"><img alt="Espasa de Gujian, espasa de bronze chinesa dau Periòde dei Primas e deis Automnas (sègles VIII-V avC)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Sword_of_Goujian%2C_Hubei_Provincial_Museum%2C_2015-04-06_01-edit.jpg/120px-Sword_of_Goujian%2C_Hubei_Provincial_Museum%2C_2015-04-06_01-edit.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Sword_of_Goujian%2C_Hubei_Provincial_Museum%2C_2015-04-06_01-edit.jpg/180px-Sword_of_Goujian%2C_Hubei_Provincial_Museum%2C_2015-04-06_01-edit.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Sword_of_Goujian%2C_Hubei_Provincial_Museum%2C_2015-04-06_01-edit.jpg/240px-Sword_of_Goujian%2C_Hubei_Provincial_Museum%2C_2015-04-06_01-edit.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3722" data-file-height="780" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa_de_Gujian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Espasa de Gujian (la pagina existís pas)">Espasa de Gujian</a>, espasa de <a href="/wiki/Bronze" title="Bronze">bronze</a> <a href="/wiki/Republica_Populara_de_China" title="Republica Populara de China">chinesa</a> dau <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peri%C3%B2de_dei_Primas_e_deis_Automnas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Periòde dei Primas e deis Automnas (la pagina existís pas)">Periòde dei Primas e deis Automnas</a> (sègles VIII-V avC)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Chinese_swords_Sui_Dynasty_about_600_found_near_Luoyang.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Zhibeidaos chinés (sègle VII apC)"><img alt="Zhibeidaos chinés (sègle VII apC)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Chinese_swords_Sui_Dynasty_about_600_found_near_Luoyang.jpg/120px-Chinese_swords_Sui_Dynasty_about_600_found_near_Luoyang.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="42" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Chinese_swords_Sui_Dynasty_about_600_found_near_Luoyang.jpg/180px-Chinese_swords_Sui_Dynasty_about_600_found_near_Luoyang.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Chinese_swords_Sui_Dynasty_about_600_found_near_Luoyang.jpg/240px-Chinese_swords_Sui_Dynasty_about_600_found_near_Luoyang.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2027" data-file-height="705" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhibeidao&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zhibeidao (la pagina existís pas)">Zhibeidaos</a> <a href="/wiki/Republica_Populara_de_China" title="Republica Populara de China">chinés</a> (sègle VII apC)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Edat_Mejana">Edat Mejana</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modificar la seccion : Edat Mejana" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&action=edit&section=7" title="Editar lo còdi de la seccion seguenta: Edat Mejana"><span>modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Euròpa_e_Orient_Mejan"><span id="Eur.C3.B2pa_e_Orient_Mejan"></span>Euròpa e Orient Mejan</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modificar la seccion : Euròpa e Orient Mejan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&action=edit&section=8" title="Editar lo còdi de la seccion seguenta: Euròpa e Orient Mejan"><span>modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pendent l'<a href="/wiki/Edat_Mejana" title="Edat Mejana">Edat Mejana</a>, la <a href="/wiki/Tecnologia" title="Tecnologia">tecnologia</a> de fabricacion deis espasas realizèt de progrès fòrça importants en <a href="/wiki/Eur%C3%B2pa" title="Euròpa">Euròpa</a> e en <a href="/wiki/Orient_Mejan" title="Orient Mejan">Orient Mejan</a>. I venguèt ansin una <a href="/wiki/Arma_(gu%C3%A8rra)" title="Arma (guèrra)">arma</a> ofensiva comuna. En <a href="/wiki/Metallurgia" title="Metallurgia">metallurgia</a>, la qualitat de l'<a href="/wiki/Aci%C3%A8r" title="Acièr">acier</a> se melhorèt gràcias ai perfeccionaments dei fornèus. L'<a href="/wiki/Acier_de_Damasc" title="Acier de Damasc">acier de Damasc</a> – en realitat aparegut en <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Dndia" title="Índia">Índia</a> au <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A8gle_IV_avC" class="mw-redirect" title="Sègle IV avC">sègle IV avC</a> – es lo pus famós d'aqueleis <a href="/wiki/Aci%C3%A8r" title="Acièr">aciers</a> gràcias a sa resisténcia, a sei motius moerats e l'impossibilita per leis <a href="/wiki/Eur%C3%B2pa" title="Euròpa">Europèus</a> de lo reprodurre<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Un autre progrès important foguèt l'aumentacion de la produccion de <a href="/wiki/Metal" title="Metal">metau</a> qu'autorizèt la produccion de mai d'<a href="/wiki/Arma_(gu%C3%A8rra)" title="Arma (guèrra)">armas</a>. Ansin, tre l'èra dei <a href="/wiki/Vikings" class="mw-redirect" title="Vikings">Vikings</a>, lei modèls d'espasas comencèron d'èsser estandardizats. </p><p>La forma generala de la <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spatha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spatha (la pagina existís pas)">spatha</a></i> demorèt populara e dictèt lòngtemps l'estructura dei modèls. Dins aquò, d'aspècts novèus foguèron pauc a pauc integrats coma lei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lama_(arma)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lama (arma) (la pagina existís pas)">lamas</a> corbadas permetent d'aumentar la poissança de la tòca (<a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%A8gle_IX_apC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sègle IX apC (la pagina existís pas)">sègle IX</a>), la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Garda_(espasa)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Garda (espasa) (la pagina existís pas)">garda</a> permetent de protegir la <a href="/wiki/Man" title="Man">man</a> dau combatent (<a href="/wiki/S%C3%A8gle_XI_apC" class="mw-redirect" title="Sègle XI apC">sègle XI</a>) ò l'aparicion deis <a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa_bastarda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Espasa bastarda (la pagina existís pas)">espasas bastardas</a> autorizant una utilizacion amb una ò doas <a href="/wiki/Man" title="Man">mans</a> segon lei besonhs (<a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%A8gle_XIV_apC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sègle XIV apC (la pagina existís pas)">sègle XIV</a>). D'autra part, vèrs la fin dau periòde <a href="/wiki/Edat_Mejana" title="Edat Mejana">medievau</a>, lo perfeccionament deis <a href="/wiki/Armadura" title="Armadura">armaduras</a> necessitèt la concepcion d'espasas lòngas e robusta permetent de pertusar lo <a href="/wiki/Blindatge" title="Blindatge">blindatge</a> portat per lei chivaliers. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Viking_swords.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Espasas vikingas (sègles IX-X)"><img alt="Espasas vikingas (sègles IX-X)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Viking_swords.jpg/120px-Viking_swords.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Viking_swords.jpg/180px-Viking_swords.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Viking_swords.jpg/240px-Viking_swords.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1149" data-file-height="1106" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Espasas vikingas (sègles IX-X)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Albion_SaintMaurice_XIII_horizontal.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Reconstitucion d'una espasa de chivalier medievau dau sègle XIII"><img alt="Reconstitucion d'una espasa de chivalier medievau dau sègle XIII" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Albion_SaintMaurice_XIII_horizontal.jpg/120px-Albion_SaintMaurice_XIII_horizontal.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Albion_SaintMaurice_XIII_horizontal.jpg/180px-Albion_SaintMaurice_XIII_horizontal.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Albion_SaintMaurice_XIII_horizontal.jpg/240px-Albion_SaintMaurice_XIII_horizontal.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="408" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Reconstitucion d'una espasa de chivalier medievau dau sègle XIII</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Trp-Sword-14226124129-v06.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Reconstitucion modèrna d'una espasa bastarda de la fin dau periòde medievau"><img alt="Reconstitucion modèrna d'una espasa bastarda de la fin dau periòde medievau" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Trp-Sword-14226124129-v06.png/86px-Trp-Sword-14226124129-v06.png" decoding="async" width="86" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Trp-Sword-14226124129-v06.png/129px-Trp-Sword-14226124129-v06.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Trp-Sword-14226124129-v06.png/173px-Trp-Sword-14226124129-v06.png 2x" data-file-width="3268" data-file-height="4542" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Reconstitucion modèrna d'una <a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa_bastarda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Espasa bastarda (la pagina existís pas)">espasa bastarda</a> de la fin dau periòde medievau</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Espadon-Morges.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Espadon (fin dau sègle XV)"><img alt="Espadon (fin dau sègle XV)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Espadon-Morges.jpg/28px-Espadon-Morges.jpg" decoding="async" width="28" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Espadon-Morges.jpg/42px-Espadon-Morges.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Espadon-Morges.jpg/56px-Espadon-Morges.jpg 2x" data-file-width="341" data-file-height="1462" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Espadon (fin dau sègle XV)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Èst_d'Asia"><span id=".C3.88st_d.27Asia"></span>Èst d'Asia</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modificar la seccion : Èst d'Asia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&action=edit&section=9" title="Editar lo còdi de la seccion seguenta: Èst d'Asia"><span>modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>En <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a> Orientala, l'avançada de la <a href="/wiki/Metallurgia" title="Metallurgia">metallurgia</a> de l'<a href="/wiki/Aci%C3%A8r" title="Acièr">acier</a> permetèt tanben de forjar d'espasas novèlas e pus eficaças. Lei modèls s'utilizant d'una man venguèron pus popularas e l'usatge de l'espasa se difusèt en <a href="/wiki/Cor%C3%A8a" title="Corèa">Corèa</a> e en <a href="/wiki/Japon" title="Japon">Japon</a>. La premiera region venguèt rapidament reputada per la qualitat de seis armas gràcias a son mestritge de la <a href="/wiki/Siderurgia" title="Siderurgia">siderurgia</a>. Ansin, lei soudats coreans foguèron pauc a pauc equipats d'espasas. En <a href="/wiki/Japon" title="Japon">Japon</a>, l'arma venguèt un simbòl de la classa dominanta e un nombre fòrça important de modèls diferents i foguèron inventats. Lo pus famós es lo <i><a href="/wiki/Katana" title="Katana">katana</a></i>, un <a href="/wiki/Sabre" title="Sabre">sabre</a> de mai de 60 cm, qu'èra l'<a href="/wiki/Arma_(gu%C3%A8rra)" title="Arma (guèrra)">arma</a> caracteristica dei <a href="/wiki/Samorai" title="Samorai">samorais</a>. Se pòu tanben citar lo <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wakizashi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wakizashi (la pagina existís pas)">wakizashi</a></i>, d'una longor compresa entre 30 e 60 cm, que podiá èsser portat per lei marchands. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Saber_with_Scabbard_and_Belt_Hook_(%E6%B8%85_%E8%85%B0%E5%88%80)_MET_DP-834-001.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Dao chinés dau sègle XVIII"><img alt="Dao chinés dau sègle XVIII" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Saber_with_Scabbard_and_Belt_Hook_%28%E6%B8%85_%E8%85%B0%E5%88%80%29_MET_DP-834-001.jpg/120px-Saber_with_Scabbard_and_Belt_Hook_%28%E6%B8%85_%E8%85%B0%E5%88%80%29_MET_DP-834-001.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Saber_with_Scabbard_and_Belt_Hook_%28%E6%B8%85_%E8%85%B0%E5%88%80%29_MET_DP-834-001.jpg/180px-Saber_with_Scabbard_and_Belt_Hook_%28%E6%B8%85_%E8%85%B0%E5%88%80%29_MET_DP-834-001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Saber_with_Scabbard_and_Belt_Hook_%28%E6%B8%85_%E8%85%B0%E5%88%80%29_MET_DP-834-001.jpg/240px-Saber_with_Scabbard_and_Belt_Hook_%28%E6%B8%85_%E8%85%B0%E5%88%80%29_MET_DP-834-001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3265" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Dao" class="mw-redirect" title="Dao">Dao</a> <a href="/wiki/Republica_Populara_de_China" title="Republica Populara de China">chinés</a> dau sègle XVIII</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Long_Sword_and_Scabbard_LACMA_AC1999.186.1.1-.16.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Katana e wakizashi japonés (sègles XVIII-XIX)"><img alt="Katana e wakizashi japonés (sègles XVIII-XIX)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Long_Sword_and_Scabbard_LACMA_AC1999.186.1.1-.16.jpg/120px-Long_Sword_and_Scabbard_LACMA_AC1999.186.1.1-.16.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Long_Sword_and_Scabbard_LACMA_AC1999.186.1.1-.16.jpg/180px-Long_Sword_and_Scabbard_LACMA_AC1999.186.1.1-.16.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Long_Sword_and_Scabbard_LACMA_AC1999.186.1.1-.16.jpg/240px-Long_Sword_and_Scabbard_LACMA_AC1999.186.1.1-.16.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="965" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Katana" title="Katana">Katana</a></i> e <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wakizashi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wakizashi (la pagina existís pas)">wakizashi</a></i> <a href="/wiki/Japon" title="Japon">japonés</a> (sègles XVIII-XIX)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sud_e_Sud-Èst_d'Asia"><span id="Sud_e_Sud-.C3.88st_d.27Asia"></span>Sud e Sud-Èst d'Asia</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Modificar la seccion : Sud e Sud-Èst d'Asia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&action=edit&section=10" title="Editar lo còdi de la seccion seguenta: Sud e Sud-Èst d'Asia"><span>modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dins lo Sud e lo Sud-Èst Asiatic, l'existéncia d'una <a href="/wiki/Metallurgia" title="Metallurgia">metallurgia</a> fòrça avançada e l'influéncia dei conquistaires <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">musulmans</a> entraïnèron l'aparicion d'una gròssa varietat d'espasas utilizadas tant que per la guèrra que per lo comèrci. D'efiech, una particularitat de la region foguèt sa produccion de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lama_(arma)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lama (arma) (la pagina existís pas)">lamas</a> corbadas fòrça decoradas qu'èran vendudas coma articles comerciaus. Au nivèu militar, l'utilizacion d'espasas demorèt concurrenciada per aquela dei <a href="/wiki/Daga" title="Daga">dagas</a> e, d'un biais generau, lei modèls indigèns declinèron après l'arribada deis <a href="/wiki/Eur%C3%B2pa" title="Euròpa">Europèus</a> dins la region au profiech d'imitacions d'<a href="/wiki/Arma_(gu%C3%A8rra)" title="Arma (guèrra)">armas</a> europèas produchas localament. Per exemple, foguèt lo cas dau <a href="/w/index.php?title=Firanji&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Firanji (la pagina existís pas)">firanji</a>, una espasa d'origina <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">portuguesa</a>, que foguèt adoptada per l'<a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Mog%C3%B2l" title="Empèri Mogòl">Empèri Mogòl</a>. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Mumtaz_Mahal_Museum,_Red_Fort_-_Firangi.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Firanji indian"><img alt="Firanji indian" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Mumtaz_Mahal_Museum%2C_Red_Fort_-_Firangi.jpg/40px-Mumtaz_Mahal_Museum%2C_Red_Fort_-_Firangi.jpg" decoding="async" width="38" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Mumtaz_Mahal_Museum%2C_Red_Fort_-_Firangi.jpg/60px-Mumtaz_Mahal_Museum%2C_Red_Fort_-_Firangi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Mumtaz_Mahal_Museum%2C_Red_Fort_-_Firangi.jpg/120px-Mumtaz_Mahal_Museum%2C_Red_Fort_-_Firangi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="970" data-file-height="3037" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Firanji&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Firanji (la pagina existís pas)">Firanji</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Dndia" title="Índia">indian</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Rajput_Khanda.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Khamda bengalin fòrça decorat"><img alt="Khamda bengalin fòrça decorat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Rajput_Khanda.jpg/120px-Rajput_Khanda.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Rajput_Khanda.jpg/180px-Rajput_Khanda.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Rajput_Khanda.jpg/240px-Rajput_Khanda.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2288" data-file-height="1712" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khamda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khamda (la pagina existís pas)">Khamda</a> bengalin fòrça decorat</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="De_la_fin_de_l'Edat_Mejana_a_la_Renaissença"><span id="De_la_fin_de_l.27Edat_Mejana_a_la_Renaissen.C3.A7a"></span>De la fin de l'Edat Mejana a la Renaissença</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Modificar la seccion : De la fin de l'Edat Mejana a la Renaissença" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&action=edit&section=11" title="Editar lo còdi de la seccion seguenta: De la fin de l'Edat Mejana a la Renaissença"><span>modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Lo_desvolopament_dei_raspièras_e_dei_sabres"><span id="Lo_desvolopament_dei_raspi.C3.A8ras_e_dei_sabres"></span>Lo desvolopament dei raspièras e dei sabres</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Modificar la seccion : Lo desvolopament dei raspièras e dei sabres" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&action=edit&section=12" title="Editar lo còdi de la seccion seguenta: Lo desvolopament dei raspièras e dei sabres"><span>modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A partir dau sègle XVI, l'aparicion deis <a href="/wiki/Arma_de_fu%C3%B2c" title="Arma de fuòc">armas de fuòc</a> entraïnèt d'evolucions dins leis espasas que venguèron pus especializadas amb l'aparicion de la <a href="/wiki/Raspi%C3%A8ra" title="Raspièra">raspièra</a> e de sei derivats e amb la multiplicacion dei <a href="/wiki/Sabre" title="Sabre">sabres</a>. La premiera apareguèt au sègle XV e demorèt fòrça utilizada fins a la fin dau sègle XVII. Èra una espasa lònga e fina amb una <a href="/w/index.php?title=Garda_(espasa)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Garda (espasa) (la pagina existís pas)">garda</a> elaborada. Aviá una manobrabilitat importanta que permetèt lo desvolopament d'una <a href="/wiki/Escrima" title="Escrima">escrima</a> complèxa sota la direccion de mèstres d'arma. Evolucionèt vèrs de modèls pus leugiers principalament destinats au <a href="/wiki/Du%C3%A8l" title="Duèl">duèl</a> e a la vida a la Cort. </p><p>Sus lei prats batalhiers onte la resisténcia es una qualitat indispensabla, se generalizèt pauc a pauc l'utilizacion de <a href="/wiki/Sabre" title="Sabre">sabres</a>. Dotats d'un talhant unic, aqueleis armas son generalament corbadas, çò que permet una tòca poderosa coma lo <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dusack&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dusack (la pagina existís pas)">dusack</a></i> dei guèrras ussitas. Foguèron fòrça frequents dins la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marina (la pagina existís pas)">marina</a>, onte lo <a href="/wiki/Sabre_d%27abordatge" title="Sabre d'abordatge">sabre d'abordatge</a> èra tanben un <a href="/wiki/Aisina" class="mw-redirect" title="Aisina">otís</a> dau marin, e dins la <a href="/wiki/Cavalari%C3%A1" title="Cavalariá">cavalariá</a>. Un exemple famós d'aqueu tipe d'arma es lo <a href="/wiki/Iatagan" title="Iatagan">iatagan</a>, largament difusat dins l'<a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Otoman" title="Empèri Otoman">Empèri Otoman</a> e lei <a href="/wiki/Balcans" title="Balcans">Balcans</a>. Sa forma inspirèt lei <a href="/wiki/Baioneta" title="Baioneta">baionetas</a> dau sègle XIX. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Rapiere-Morges-kitsch.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Raspièra de la premiera mitat dau sègle XVII"><img alt="Raspièra de la premiera mitat dau sègle XVII" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Rapiere-Morges-kitsch.jpg/120px-Rapiere-Morges-kitsch.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Rapiere-Morges-kitsch.jpg/180px-Rapiere-Morges-kitsch.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Rapiere-Morges-kitsch.jpg/239px-Rapiere-Morges-kitsch.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1913" data-file-height="1917" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Raspi%C3%A8ra" title="Raspièra">Raspièra</a> de la premiera mitat dau sègle XVII</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Swiss_cavalry_sword.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Espasa valona, utilizada per la cavalariá dau sègle XVII"><img alt="Espasa valona, utilizada per la cavalariá dau sègle XVII" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Swiss_cavalry_sword.jpg/120px-Swiss_cavalry_sword.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Swiss_cavalry_sword.jpg/180px-Swiss_cavalry_sword.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Swiss_cavalry_sword.jpg/240px-Swiss_cavalry_sword.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa_valona&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Espasa valona (la pagina existís pas)">Espasa valona</a>, utilizada per la cavalariá dau sègle XVII</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Infanterie_An_XI-3.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sabre d'infantariá dei sègles XVIII e XIX"><img alt="Sabre d'infantariá dei sègles XVIII e XIX" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Infanterie_An_XI-3.jpg/120px-Infanterie_An_XI-3.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="53" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Infanterie_An_XI-3.jpg/180px-Infanterie_An_XI-3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Infanterie_An_XI-3.jpg/240px-Infanterie_An_XI-3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3994" data-file-height="1778" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Sabre" title="Sabre">Sabre</a> d'<a href="/wiki/Infantari%C3%A1" title="Infantariá">infantariá</a> dei sègles XVIII e XIX</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:1822_officier_ligne.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sabre de cavalariá dau sègle XIX"><img alt="Sabre de cavalariá dau sègle XIX" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/1822_officier_ligne.jpg/120px-1822_officier_ligne.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="46" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/1822_officier_ligne.jpg/180px-1822_officier_ligne.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/1822_officier_ligne.jpg/240px-1822_officier_ligne.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3856" data-file-height="1474" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Sabre" title="Sabre">Sabre</a> de <a href="/wiki/Cavalari%C3%A1" title="Cavalariá">cavalariá</a> dau sègle XIX</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:MuseeMarine-sabre-p1000456.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sabre d'abordatge dau sègle XIX"><img alt="Sabre d'abordatge dau sègle XIX" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/MuseeMarine-sabre-p1000456.jpg/120px-MuseeMarine-sabre-p1000456.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="52" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/MuseeMarine-sabre-p1000456.jpg/180px-MuseeMarine-sabre-p1000456.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/MuseeMarine-sabre-p1000456.jpg/240px-MuseeMarine-sabre-p1000456.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2426" data-file-height="1050" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Sabre_d%27abordatge" title="Sabre d'abordatge">Sabre d'abordatge</a> dau sègle XIX</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Ottoman_yatagan_(yataghan)_1.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Iatagan turc dau sègle XIX"><img alt="Iatagan turc dau sègle XIX" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Ottoman_yatagan_%28yataghan%29_1.JPG/22px-Ottoman_yatagan_%28yataghan%29_1.JPG" decoding="async" width="22" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Ottoman_yatagan_%28yataghan%29_1.JPG/33px-Ottoman_yatagan_%28yataghan%29_1.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Ottoman_yatagan_%28yataghan%29_1.JPG/45px-Ottoman_yatagan_%28yataghan%29_1.JPG 2x" data-file-width="852" data-file-height="4547" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Iatagan" title="Iatagan">Iatagan</a> <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Otoman" title="Empèri Otoman">turc</a> dau sègle XIX</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Leis_espasas_mesoamericanas">Leis espasas mesoamericanas</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Modificar la seccion : Leis espasas mesoamericanas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&action=edit&section=13" title="Editar lo còdi de la seccion seguenta: Leis espasas mesoamericanas"><span>modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Au sègle XVI, la conquista deis empèris <a href="/wiki/Mesoamerica" title="Mesoamerica">mesoamericans</a> per lei <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conquistador&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Conquistador (la pagina existís pas)">conquistadors</a></i> <a href="/wiki/Espanha" title="Espanha">espanhòus</a> permetèron de descubrir lei modèls d'espasas presents dins aquelei regions. La pus coneguda es aquela utilizada per leis <a href="/wiki/Civilizacion_ast%C3%A8ca" title="Civilizacion astèca">Astècs</a> qu'es dicha <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Macuahuitl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Macuahuitl (la pagina existís pas)">macuahuitl</a></i>. Èra una <a href="/wiki/Arma_(gu%C3%A8rra)" title="Arma (guèrra)">arma</a>, reservada a l'elèit dei combatents, d'una longor d'aperaquí 70 cm compausada de lamas d'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Obsidiana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Obsidiana (la pagina existís pas)">obsidiana</a> assembladas sus un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Baston&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baston (la pagina existís pas)">baston</a>. Avián un talhant redobtable que laissava d'esclats dins lei bleçaduras. En revènge, èran fòrça fragilas e poguèron gaire rivalizar amb leis espasas <a href="/wiki/Eur%C3%B2pa" title="Euròpa">europèas</a>. Après destruccion dei lamas d'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Obsidiana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Obsidiana (la pagina existís pas)">obsidiana</a>, lo baston centrau podiá totjorn servir de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Barr%C3%B2t&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barròt (la pagina existís pas)">barròt</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lo_Periòde_Modèrne_e_lo_declin_de_l'espasa"><span id="Lo_Peri.C3.B2de_Mod.C3.A8rne_e_lo_declin_de_l.27espasa"></span>Lo Periòde Modèrne e lo declin de l'espasa</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Modificar la seccion : Lo Periòde Modèrne e lo declin de l'espasa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&action=edit&section=14" title="Editar lo còdi de la seccion seguenta: Lo Periòde Modèrne e lo declin de l'espasa"><span>modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="L'abandon_de_l'espasa_sus_lei_prats_batalhiers"><span id="L.27abandon_de_l.27espasa_sus_lei_prats_batalhiers"></span>L'abandon de l'espasa sus lei prats batalhiers</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Modificar la seccion : L'abandon de l'espasa sus lei prats batalhiers" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&action=edit&section=15" title="Editar lo còdi de la seccion seguenta: L'abandon de l'espasa sus lei prats batalhiers"><span>modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A partir dau sègle XVIII, lei <a href="/wiki/Fusiu" title="Fusiu">fusius</a> e la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ba%C3%AFoneta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baïoneta (la pagina existís pas)">baïoneta</a> venguèron leis armas principalas de l'<a href="/wiki/Infantari%C3%A1" title="Infantariá">infantariá</a>. La <a href="/wiki/Cavalari%C3%A1" title="Cavalariá">cavalariá</a> resistiguèt mai a aquela evolucion car leis espasas e sabres i èran encara utils durant lei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carga_(cavalari%C3%A1)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carga (cavalariá) (la pagina existís pas)">cargas</a>. Pasmens, l'usatge d'<a href="/wiki/Arma_de_fu%C3%B2c" title="Arma de fuòc">armas de fuòc</a> cortas (<a href="/wiki/Pistolet" title="Pistolet">pistolet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mosqueton" title="Mosqueton">mosqueton</a>...) s'impausèt pauc a pauc e, sus lo prat batalhier, l'espasa se transformèt en arma segondària destinada a la defensa raprochada. En revènge, durant lei guèrras colonialas, se generalizèt l'adopcion de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Macheta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Macheta (la pagina existís pas)">machetas</a> que permetián ai tropas de progressar dins de <a href="/wiki/Vegetal" class="mw-redirect" title="Vegetal">vegetacions</a> densas e de dispausar d'una <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arma_blanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arma blanca (la pagina existís pas)">arma blanca</a>. </p><p>La <a href="/wiki/Premiera_Gu%C3%A8rra_Mondiala" class="mw-redirect" title="Premiera Guèrra Mondiala">Premiera Guèrra Mondiala</a> (<a href="/wiki/1914" class="mw-redirect" title="1914">1914</a>-<a href="/wiki/1918" class="mw-redirect" title="1918">1918</a>) marquèt la fin d'aqueu periòde dins leis armadas pus modèrnas. D'efiech, pas adaptada a la guèrra de trencadas, l'espasa foguèt definitivament abandonada per lei fantassins au profiech de la baioneta ò dau <a href="/wiki/Cot%C3%A8u_de_combat" class="mw-redirect" title="Cotèu de combat">cotèu de combat</a>. Dins la <a href="/wiki/Cavalari%C3%A1" title="Cavalariá">cavalariá</a>, la revolucion foguèt encara pus importanta amb l'aparicion dau <a href="/wiki/Carri_de_combat" title="Carri de combat">carri de combat</a> que son equipatge a pas besonh d'espasa. Leis autrei fòrças armadas imitèron aquela evolucion durant l'entre doas guèrras ò au començament de la <a href="/wiki/Segonda_Gu%C3%A8rra_Mondiala" title="Segonda Guèrra Mondiala">Segonda Guèrra Mondiala</a> quand suprimiguèron a son torn seis unitats de <a href="/wiki/Cavalari%C3%A1" title="Cavalariá">cavalariá</a> montada. </p><p>Dins aquò, l'espasa demorèt un objècte de prestigi que venguèt pauc a pauc lo simbòl deis <a href="/wiki/Ofici%C3%A8r" class="mw-redirect" title="Oficièr">oficiers</a>. Ansin, dins lei <a href="/wiki/Du%C3%A8l" title="Duèl">duèls</a> dei sègles XIX e XX, lo <a href="/wiki/Pistolet" title="Pistolet">pistolet</a> remplacèt pas totalament l'espasa. De mai, l'espasa foguèt integrada a l'unifòrm de certaneis institucions <a href="/wiki/Cultura" title="Cultura">culturala</a> ò <a href="/wiki/Sci%C3%A9ncia" title="Sciéncia">scientifica</a> de premiera importància coma l'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Academia_Francesa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Academia Francesa (la pagina existís pas)">Academia Francesa</a>. Enfin, plusors unitats militaras an gardat d'unifòrms de parada que comprènon una espasa ò un sabre. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Lo_desvolopament_de_l'escrima_esportiva"><span id="Lo_desvolopament_de_l.27escrima_esportiva"></span>Lo desvolopament de l'escrima esportiva</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Modificar la seccion : Lo desvolopament de l'escrima esportiva" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&action=edit&section=16" title="Editar lo còdi de la seccion seguenta: Lo desvolopament de l'escrima esportiva"><span>modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dins mai d'una region, foguèron <a href="/wiki/Escritura" title="Escritura">escrichs</a> de tractats explicant coma manejar una espasa. En <a href="/wiki/Eur%C3%B2pa" title="Euròpa">Euròpa</a>, lei pus ancians semblan datar de l'aparicion dei premiers mèstres d'armas durant l'<a href="/wiki/Edat_Mejana" title="Edat Mejana">Edat Mejana</a>. L'invencion de la <a href="/wiki/Raspi%C3%A8ra" title="Raspièra">raspièra</a> foguèt un element decisiu dins lo desvolopament de l'<a href="/wiki/Escrima" title="Escrima">escrima</a> car aquela arma, fòrça manejabla, èra portabla amb de vèstits civius e permetiá una escrima de leser. Favorizèt tanben lo desvolopament dei duèls que necessitavan un bòn mestritge de l'<a href="/wiki/Arma_(gu%C3%A8rra)" title="Arma (guèrra)">arma</a>. A partir dau sègle XV, entraïnèt donc una codificacion pus desvolopada de l'escrima. Aqueu trabalh recebèt de basas solidas en <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7a" title="França">França</a> au sègle XVII amb l'aparicion d'una <a href="/wiki/Pedagogia" title="Pedagogia">pedagogia</a> dedicada. Puei, dins lo corrent dau sègle XIX, l'escrima venguèt un <a href="/wiki/Esp%C3%B2rt" title="Espòrt">espòrt</a>, inicialament reservat a l'elèit, que foguèt inscrich ai <a href="/wiki/J%C3%B2cs_Olimpics" title="Jòcs Olimpics">Jòcs Olimpics</a> Modèrnes tre sa premiera edicion. A l'ora d'ara, tres armas son utilizadas que son lo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fleuret_(escrima)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fleuret (escrima) (la pagina existís pas)">fleuret</a>, l'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa_(escrima)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Espasa (escrima) (la pagina existís pas)">espasa</a> e lo <a href="/wiki/Sabre_(escrima)" title="Sabre (escrima)">sabre</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Anatomia">Anatomia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Modificar la seccion : Anatomia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&action=edit&section=17" title="Editar lo còdi de la seccion seguenta: Anatomia"><span>modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="La_lama">La lama</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Modificar la seccion : La lama" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&action=edit&section=18" title="Editar lo còdi de la seccion seguenta: La lama"><span>modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lama_(arma)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lama (arma) (la pagina existís pas)">lama</a> d'una espasa a una <a href="/w/index.php?title=Longor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Longor (la pagina existís pas)">longor</a> superiora a 30 cm e sei costats son plans. Sa forma e sa <a href="/wiki/Geometria" title="Geometria">geometria</a> an evolucionat dins lo corrent de l'<a href="/wiki/Ist%C3%B2ria" title="Istòria">Istòria</a> mai sa basa es generalament renfòrçada e sa fin es mens espessa e pus amolada per permetre d'utilizar la poncha d'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Estoc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Estoc (la pagina existís pas)">estoc</a>. Tres categorias principalas d'espasas existisson, definidas segon lo tipe de lama : </p> <ul><li>talhants largs e parrallèls que son principalament utilizadas per atacar amb lo talhant.</li> <li>aspèct triangular e talhants largs que son principalament utilizadas tant per atacar amb lo talhant que l'estoc.</li> <li>sensa talhant que son unicament utilizadas d'estoc.</li></ul> <p>La seccion de la lama dòna tanben d'indicacions sus son utilizacion : </p> <ul><li>lenticulara per leis espasas fòrça talhantas.</li> <li>diamant per leis espasas leugieras e rigidas d'estocs que se pòdon utilizar d'un biais secondari per lo talhant.</li> <li>exagonala per leis espasas pesantas e rigidas amb una utilizacion mixta.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carrat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carrat (la pagina existís pas)">carrada</a> ò <a href="/wiki/Triangle" title="Triangle">triangulara</a> per leis espasas destinadas unicament a l'estoc.</li></ul> <p>D'un biais generau, lei còps d'estocs, que pòdon aisament agantar d'<a href="/wiki/Organ" title="Organ">organs</a>, son pus eficaç per eliminar un advèrsari que lei còps dau talhant. Pasmens, franc d'una tòca au <a href="/wiki/C%C3%B2r" title="Còr">còr</a> ò au <a href="/wiki/Cerv%C3%A8u" class="mw-redirect" title="Cervèu">cervèu</a>, la <a href="/wiki/M%C3%B2rt" title="Mòrt">mòrt</a> es pas instantanèa. Ansin, lo talhant foguèt sovent preferit car un còp ben portat es susceptible de tuar immediatament. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="La_garda">La garda</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Modificar la seccion : La garda" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&action=edit&section=19" title="Editar lo còdi de la seccion seguenta: La garda"><span>modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Smallsword_handle_steel_ivory.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Smallsword_handle_steel_ivory.jpg/220px-Smallsword_handle_steel_ivory.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Smallsword_handle_steel_ivory.jpg/330px-Smallsword_handle_steel_ivory.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Smallsword_handle_steel_ivory.jpg/440px-Smallsword_handle_steel_ivory.jpg 2x" data-file-width="526" data-file-height="311" /></a><figcaption>Garda, ponhada e pomèu d'una espasa de cor dau sègle XVIII.</figcaption></figure> <p>La <a href="/w/index.php?title=Garda_(arma)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Garda (arma) (la pagina existís pas)">garda</a> es lo dispositiu situat entre la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lama_(arma)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lama (arma) (la pagina existís pas)">lama</a> e la ponhada. Son objectiu principau es de protegir la <a href="/wiki/Man" title="Man">man</a> de l'utilizaire mai certanei gardas pòdon tanben s'utilizar per l'ataca. Per aquò, integran de sistèmas coma de ponchas, çò que permet de pertusar un adversari, ò d'anèus permetent de blocar una lama e de menar una còntra-ataca rapidà d'estoc. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="La_ponhada">La ponhada</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Modificar la seccion : La ponhada" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&action=edit&section=20" title="Editar lo còdi de la seccion seguenta: La ponhada"><span>modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La ponhada es lo prolongament de la lama. Un nombre fòrça variat de tipes diferents foguèt utilizat evolucionant de modèls de teissut ai modèls de fusta cubèrt de jaç de teissut o de decoracions. A l'ora d'ara, lei ponhadas son realizadas per s'adpatar a la man de l'utilizaire que pòu tenir unei tipes de ponhada a disposicion segon son tipe d'escrima. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lo_pomèu"><span id="Lo_pom.C3.A8u"></span>Lo pomèu</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&veaction=edit&section=21" title="Modificar la seccion : Lo pomèu" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&action=edit&section=21" title="Editar lo còdi de la seccion seguenta: Lo pomèu"><span>modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lo pomèu es l'extremitat de l'espasa a l'opausat de la poncha de la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lama_(arma)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lama (arma) (la pagina existís pas)">lama</a>. Pòu servir d'arma segondària sus certanei modèls mai son ròtle principau es de servir de còntrapés per equilibrar l'espasa. Ansin, permet un manejament pus aisat de l'arma. Aqueu ròtle es fòrça important per leis espasas d'estoc que dèvon quasi obligatòriament aver una ponch fòrça viva. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Classificacions_e_modèls_d'espasa_de_remarca"><span id="Classificacions_e_mod.C3.A8ls_d.27espasa_de_remarca"></span>Classificacions e modèls d'espasa de remarca</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&veaction=edit&section=22" title="Modificar la seccion : Classificacions e modèls d'espasa de remarca" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&action=edit&section=22" title="Editar lo còdi de la seccion seguenta: Classificacions e modèls d'espasa de remarca"><span>modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Critèris_e_classificacions"><span id="Crit.C3.A8ris_e_classificacions"></span>Critèris e classificacions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&veaction=edit&section=23" title="Modificar la seccion : Critèris e classificacions" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&action=edit&section=23" title="Editar lo còdi de la seccion seguenta: Critèris e classificacions"><span>modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mai d'una classificacion deis espasas existisson. Regardan generalament un periòde <a href="/wiki/Ist%C3%B2ria" title="Istòria">istoric</a> e un espaci <a href="/wiki/Geografia" title="Geografia">geografic</a> donats. Lei critèris de destriament dei modèls son variats coma l'utilizacion prevista de l'<a href="/wiki/Arma_(gu%C3%A8rra)" title="Arma (guèrra)">arma</a> (<a href="/wiki/Infantari%C3%A1" title="Infantariá">fantassins</a> dau prat batalhier, nobles de la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cort&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cort (la pagina existís pas)">Cort</a>...), sei capacitats ofensivas (talhant, estoc, mixta), lo nombre de mans necessàrias per la manejar, lei tecnicas de fabricacion, lo nombre de talhants de la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lama_(arma)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lama (arma) (la pagina existís pas)">lama</a>, sa longor, sa seccion e son estructura intèrna, la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Garda_(arma)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Garda (arma) (la pagina existís pas)">garda</a> ò lo pomèu. </p><p>La classificacion pus coneguda es probablament <a href="/w/index.php?title=Classificacion_d%27Oakeshott&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Classificacion d'Oakeshott (la pagina existís pas)">aquela d'Oakeshott</a> que depinta leis espasas <a href="/wiki/Eur%C3%B2pa" title="Euròpa">europèa</a> de la segonda mitat de l'<a href="/wiki/Edat_Mejana" title="Edat Mejana">Edat Mejana</a> (sègles XI-XV). Lei classificacions <a href="/wiki/Japon" title="Japon">japonesas</a>, que destrian armas d'entraïnament e armas de guèrra, son tanben relativament famosas. Dònan una plaça importanta ai tecnicas de <a href="/w/index.php?title=F%C3%B2rja&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fòrja (la pagina existís pas)">fòrja</a>. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Evolution_of_swords.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Classificacion deis espasas europèas entre lei sègles XI e XIX publicada en 1920"><img alt="Classificacion deis espasas europèas entre lei sègles XI e XIX publicada en 1920" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Evolution_of_swords.jpg/112px-Evolution_of_swords.jpg" decoding="async" width="112" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Evolution_of_swords.jpg/169px-Evolution_of_swords.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Evolution_of_swords.jpg/225px-Evolution_of_swords.jpg 2x" data-file-width="860" data-file-height="918" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Classificacion deis espasas <a href="/wiki/Eur%C3%B2pa" title="Euròpa">europèas</a> entre lei sègles XI e XIX publicada en <a href="/wiki/1920" class="mw-redirect" title="1920">1920</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Oakeshott_types.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Classificacion d'Oakeshott]] deis espasas europèa de la segonda mitat de l'Edat Mejana (sègles XI-XV)"><img alt="Classificacion d'Oakeshott]] deis espasas europèa de la segonda mitat de l'Edat Mejana (sègles XI-XV)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Oakeshott_types.png/120px-Oakeshott_types.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Oakeshott_types.png/180px-Oakeshott_types.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Oakeshott_types.png/240px-Oakeshott_types.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="730" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Classificacion d'Oakeshott]] deis espasas <a href="/wiki/Eur%C3%B2pa" title="Euròpa">europèa</a> de la segonda mitat de l'<a href="/wiki/Edat_Mejana" title="Edat Mejana">Edat Mejana</a> (sègles XI-XV)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modèls_de_remarca"><span id="Mod.C3.A8ls_de_remarca"></span>Modèls de remarca</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&veaction=edit&section=24" title="Modificar la seccion : Modèls de remarca" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&action=edit&section=24" title="Editar lo còdi de la seccion seguenta: Modèls de remarca"><span>modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Glasi">Glasi</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&veaction=edit&section=25" title="Modificar la seccion : Glasi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&action=edit&section=25" title="Editar lo còdi de la seccion seguenta: Glasi"><span>modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-section bandeau-niveau-detail loupe">Article detalhat: <a href="/wiki/Glasi" title="Glasi">Glasi</a>.</div> <p>Lo <a href="/wiki/Glasi" title="Glasi">glasi</a> es una espasa corta <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Roman" class="mw-redirect" title="Empèri Roman">romana</a> que foguèt fòrça utilizada per lei <a href="/wiki/Legion_romana" title="Legion romana">legionaris</a> entre lo sègle III avC e lo sègle IV apC. Desvolopada a partir d'un modèl en usatge dins certanei celtibèrs d'<a href="/wiki/Hispania" class="mw-redirect" title="Hispania">Hispania</a>, aviá una lama larga (4-7 cm) e corta (40-55 cm) amb dos talhants. Sus lo prat batalhier, lo <a href="/wiki/Glasi" title="Glasi">glasi</a> èra utilizat amb un <a href="/wiki/Bloquier" title="Bloquier">bloquier</a> larg e permetiá d'infligir de bleçaduras grèvas, sovent <a href="/wiki/M%C3%B2rt" title="Mòrt">letalas</a>. </p><p>Son eficacitat ne'n faguèt un simbòl de la fòrça e de la poissança. Dins la <a href="/wiki/B%C3%ADblia" title="Bíblia">Bíblia</a>, la paraula de <a href="/wiki/Dieu" title="Dieu">Dieu</a> es ansin simbolizada per un glasi dins l’<i><a href="/wiki/Evang%C3%A8li_segon_Mat%C3%A8u" title="Evangèli segon Matèu">Evangèli segon Matèu</a></i>. En <a href="/wiki/Occident" title="Occident">Occident</a>, lo glasi es tanben un atribut frequent dei representacions de la <a href="/wiki/Just%C3%ADcia" title="Justícia">justícia</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Spatha"><i>Spatha</i></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&veaction=edit&section=26" title="Modificar la seccion : Spatha" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&action=edit&section=26" title="Editar lo còdi de la seccion seguenta: Spatha"><span>modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-section bandeau-niveau-detail loupe">Article detalhat: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Spatha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spatha (la pagina existís pas)">Spatha</a>.</div> <p>La <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spatha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spatha (la pagina existís pas)">spatha</a></i> es una espasa <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Roman" class="mw-redirect" title="Empèri Roman">romana</a> relativament lònga (75-100 cm) que foguèt empruntada ai <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A8ltas" title="Cèltas">Cèltas</a> ò ai Germans. Foguèt utilizada au sen de l'<a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Roman" class="mw-redirect" title="Empèri Roman">Empèri</a> entre lei sègles I e VI apC mai de versions derivadas èran encara en usatge au sen deis armadas <a href="/wiki/Vikings" class="mw-redirect" title="Vikings">vikingas</a> au sègle X apC. Au sen dei <a href="/wiki/Legion_romana" title="Legion romana">legions</a>, provesiguèt ai soudats una poissança superiora a aquela dau <a href="/wiki/Glasi" title="Glasi">glasi</a> e s'impausèt pauc a pauc au sen dei tropas dei premierei linhas e dins leis unitats d'<a href="/wiki/Infantari%C3%A1" title="Infantariá">infantariá</a> pesuca. </p><p>La <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spatha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spatha (la pagina existís pas)">spatha</a></i> es subretot importanta en causa de son influéncia sus lo desvolopament deis espasas ulterioras que gardèron sa forma generala fins a la fin de l'<a href="/wiki/Edat_Mejana" title="Edat Mejana">Edat Mejana</a>. De mai, <a href="/wiki/Etimologia" title="Etimologia">etimologicament</a>, foguèt a l'origina dau <a href="/wiki/Mot" title="Mot">mot</a> dins la màger part dei <a href="/wiki/Lengas_latinas" class="mw-redirect" title="Lengas latinas">lengas latinas</a>, compres l'<a href="/wiki/Occitan" title="Occitan">occitan</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Espasa_bastarda">Espasa bastarda</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&veaction=edit&section=27" title="Modificar la seccion : Espasa bastarda" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&action=edit&section=27" title="Editar lo còdi de la seccion seguenta: Espasa bastarda"><span>modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-section bandeau-niveau-detail loupe">Article detalhat: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa_bastarda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Espasa bastarda (la pagina existís pas)">Espasa bastarda</a>.</div> <p>Utilizada entre lei sègles XIV e XVI, l'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa_bastarda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Espasa bastarda (la pagina existís pas)">espasa bastarda</a> es l'evolucion deis espasas lòngas dei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chivalier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chivalier (la pagina existís pas)">chivaliers</a> <a href="/wiki/Edat_Mejana" title="Edat Mejana">medievaus</a>. Es constituïda d'una <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lama_(arma)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lama (arma) (la pagina existís pas)">lama</a> lònga e <a href="/wiki/Triangle" title="Triangle">triangulara</a> que permet d'atacar d'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Estoc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Estoc (la pagina existís pas)">estoc</a> ò de talha amb una poissança sufisenta per eliminar un adversari protegit per una <a href="/wiki/Armadura" title="Armadura">armadura</a>. Per gardar una manobrabilitat aisada, foguèt necessari de desvolopar lo pomèu afin d'equilibrar lo pes de la lama. Aquò entraïnèt un alongament de la ponhada que permetiá d'utilizar l'espasa amb doas mans (cas pus frequent) ò amb una man e un pichon <a href="/wiki/Bloquier" title="Bloquier">bloquier</a>. </p><p>L'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa_bastarda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Espasa bastarda (la pagina existís pas)">espasa bastarda</a> foguèt a l'origina de plusors evolucions importantas que prefiguran leis espasas de la <a href="/wiki/Renaissen%C3%A7a" title="Renaissença">Renaissença</a> coma la <a href="/wiki/Raspi%C3%A8ra" title="Raspièra">raspièra</a>. Premier, èra sovent utilizada d'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Estoc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Estoc (la pagina existís pas)">estoc</a> car la rigiditat de sa lama li permetiá de pertusar lei placas d'<a href="/wiki/Aci%C3%A8r" title="Acièr">acier</a> deis <a href="/wiki/Armadura" title="Armadura">armaduras</a>. Autra evolucion de remarca, èra utilizat per parar leis atacas advèrsas, çò qu'entraïnèt l'abandon dau <a href="/wiki/Bloquier" title="Bloquier">bloquier</a>. Enfin, gràcias a sei qualitats, son usatge se generalizèt pauc a pauc a totei lei combatents. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Raspièra"><span id="Raspi.C3.A8ra"></span>Raspièra</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&veaction=edit&section=28" title="Modificar la seccion : Raspièra" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&action=edit&section=28" title="Editar lo còdi de la seccion seguenta: Raspièra"><span>modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-section bandeau-niveau-detail loupe">Article detalhat: <a href="/wiki/Raspi%C3%A8ra" title="Raspièra">Raspièra</a>.</div> <p>La <a href="/wiki/Raspi%C3%A8ra" title="Raspièra">raspièra</a> es una espasa amb una lama lònga (aperaquí 104 cm) e relativament fina (aperaquí 2,5 cm) que foguèt fòrça frequenta en <a href="/wiki/Eur%C3%B2pa" title="Euròpa">Euròpa</a> entre lei sègles XV e XVII. Sa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Garda_(lama)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Garda (lama) (la pagina existís pas)">garda</a> conoguèt mai d'un desvolopament, çò que permetèt de melhorar la proteccion de la <a href="/wiki/Man" title="Man">man</a> e, de còps, de blocar la lama advèrsa permetent una còntra-ataca rapida. De mai, èra una arma fòrça polivalenta que podiá s'utilizar per l'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Aparat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aparat (la pagina existís pas)">aparat</a>, per lo <a href="/wiki/Du%C3%A8l" title="Duèl">duèl</a> e per lo combat. </p><p>La manobrabilitat fòrça importanta foguèt a l'origina de l'<a href="/wiki/Escrima" title="Escrima">escrima</a> modèrna. D'efiech, amb lei progrès continús deis <a href="/wiki/Arma_de_fu%C3%B2c" title="Arma de fuòc">armas de fuòc</a>, la raspièra venguèt pauc a pauc inutila sus lo prat batalhier. Evolucionèt donc vèrs de modèls pus leugiers que venguèron leis espasas de Cort e de duèl dei sègles XVII e XVIII. Per la guèrra, foguèt remplaçada per de modèls pus robusts coma l'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa_valona&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Espasa valona (la pagina existís pas)">espasa valona</a> ò lei <a href="/wiki/Sabre" title="Sabre">sabres</a> caracteristics dau sègle XVIII. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sabre">Sabre</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&veaction=edit&section=29" title="Modificar la seccion : Sabre" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&action=edit&section=29" title="Editar lo còdi de la seccion seguenta: Sabre"><span>modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-section bandeau-niveau-detail loupe">Article detalhat: <a href="/wiki/Sabre" title="Sabre">Sabre</a>.</div> <p>Lei <a href="/wiki/Sabre" title="Sabre">sabres</a> son d'espasas amb un talhant unic. Ja coneguts durant l'<a href="/wiki/Antiquitat" title="Antiquitat">Antiquitat</a> en <a href="/wiki/Egipte" title="Egipte">Egipte</a> e en <a href="/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia">Mesopotamia</a>, fòrman un ensems larg d'armas fòrça diferentas. Pasmens, ben adaptats a la <a href="/wiki/Cavalari%C3%A1" title="Cavalariá">cavalariá</a>, foguèron principalament adoptats e melhorats per lei <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ris_nomadas" title="Empèris nomadas">pòbles nomadas</a> de l'<a href="/wiki/Est%C3%A8pa" title="Estèpa">estèpa</a> <a href="/wiki/Eurasia" title="Eurasia">eurasiatica</a>. Difusats per leis invasions <a href="/wiki/Ongria" title="Ongria">magiaras</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tujue&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tujue (la pagina existís pas)">turcas</a>, aqueleis armas conoguèron d'adaptacions en <a href="/wiki/Eur%C3%B2pa" title="Euròpa">Euròpa</a>, en <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a> e en <a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a>. En particular, donèron naissença ai sabres de cavalariá e de marina que foguèron utilizats entre lei sègles XVII e XIX avans la disparicion deis espasas dins leis armadas modèrnas. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Simitarra">Simitarra</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&veaction=edit&section=30" title="Modificar la seccion : Simitarra" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&action=edit&section=30" title="Editar lo còdi de la seccion seguenta: Simitarra"><span>modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-section bandeau-niveau-detail loupe">Article detalhat: <a href="/wiki/Simitarra" title="Simitarra">Simitarra</a>.</div> <p>Lo <a href="/wiki/Simitarra" title="Simitarra">simitarra</a> es un <a href="/wiki/Sabre" title="Sabre">sabre</a> pesuc e corbat qu'apareguèt en <a href="/wiki/Orient_Mejan" title="Orient Mejan">Orient Mejan</a> vèrs lo sègle XII. Inspirat dei sabres turcs, es ben adaptat a la <a href="/wiki/Cavalari%C3%A1" title="Cavalariá">cavalariá</a> car permet d'atacas de talha aisadas. Conoguèt de variacions regionalas importantas coma lo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shamshir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shamshir (la pagina existís pas)">shamshir</a> <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">iranian</a>, lo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kilij&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kilij (la pagina existís pas)">kilij</a> <a href="/wiki/Turquia" title="Turquia">turc</a> ò la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Talwar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Talwar (la pagina existís pas)">talwar</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Dndia" title="Índia">indian</a>. Dins l'imaginari collectiu, es associat ais espasas d'<a href="/wiki/Orient_Mejan" title="Orient Mejan">Orient Mejan</a>. Per exemple, un <a href="/wiki/Simitarra" title="Simitarra">simitarra</a> es representat sus lo drapèu de l'<a href="/wiki/Arabia_Saudita" title="Arabia Saudita">Arabia Saudita</a> e un autre figurava sus lo blason de la <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Pèrsia</a> Imperiala. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Iatagan">Iatagan</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&veaction=edit&section=31" title="Modificar la seccion : Iatagan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&action=edit&section=31" title="Editar lo còdi de la seccion seguenta: Iatagan"><span>modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-section bandeau-niveau-detail loupe">Article detalhat: <a href="/wiki/Iatagan" title="Iatagan">Iatagan</a>.</div> <p>Lo <a href="/wiki/Iatagan" title="Iatagan">iatagan</a> es un <a href="/wiki/Sabre" title="Sabre">sabre</a> <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Otoman" title="Empèri Otoman">turc</a> amb una lama corbada que foguèt fòrça utilizat dins l'<a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Otoman" title="Empèri Otoman">Empèri Otoman</a> e dins lei <a href="/wiki/Balcans" title="Balcans">Balcans</a> entre lei sègles XVI e XIX. D'una longor de 60 a 80 cm, a generalament ges de garda e autoriza d'atacas d'estoc e de talha. Lei modèls destinats a la guèrra èran sovent corts e lei lamas pus lòngas se trobavan sovent sus leis armas d'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Aparat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aparat (la pagina existís pas)">aparat</a>. Lo iatagan foguèt tanben utilizat per leis <a href="/wiki/Pena_de_m%C3%B2rt" title="Pena de mòrt">execucions capitalas</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Katana">Katana</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&veaction=edit&section=32" title="Modificar la seccion : Katana" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&action=edit&section=32" title="Editar lo còdi de la seccion seguenta: Katana"><span>modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-section bandeau-niveau-detail loupe">Article detalhat: <a href="/wiki/Katana" title="Katana">Katana</a>.</div> <p>Lo <i><a href="/wiki/Katana" title="Katana">katana</a></i> es un <a href="/wiki/Sabre" title="Sabre">sabre</a> <a href="/wiki/Japon" title="Japon">japonés</a> de mai de 60 cm. Simbòl de la casta dei <a href="/wiki/Samorai" title="Samorai">samorais</a>, èra normalament portat amb un sabre pus cort dich <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wakizashi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wakizashi (la pagina existís pas)">wakizashi</a>. Apareguèt probablament au sègle XIII e èra destinat a atacar d'estoc e de talha. Pasmens, segon lo periòde, aguèt subretot un ròtle d'arma d'aparat. La lama aviá generalament una longor compresa entre 60 e 80 cm. La garda èra somària e l'<a href="/wiki/Arma_(gu%C3%A8rra)" title="Arma (guèrra)">arma</a> s'utilizava amb doas mans. Un important còrpus existís pertocant son manejament. Demorèt utilizat per d'<a href="/wiki/Ofici%C3%A8r" class="mw-redirect" title="Oficièr">oficiers</a> nipons fins a la <a href="/wiki/Segonda_Gu%C3%A8rra_Mondiala" title="Segonda Guèrra Mondiala">Segonda Guèrra Mondiala</a> (<a href="/wiki/1937" class="mw-redirect" title="1937">1937</a>-<a href="/wiki/1945" class="mw-redirect" title="1945">1945</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cultura">Cultura</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&veaction=edit&section=33" title="Modificar la seccion : Cultura" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&action=edit&section=33" title="Editar lo còdi de la seccion seguenta: Cultura"><span>modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-section bandeau-niveau-detail loupe">Article detalhat: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_deis_espasas_legend%C3%A0rias&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lista deis espasas legendàrias (la pagina existís pas)">Lista deis espasas legendàrias</a>.</div> <p>L'espasa a una importància <a href="/wiki/Cultura" title="Cultura">culturala</a> importanta dins lei racòntes <a href="/wiki/Legenda" title="Legenda">legendaris</a> de plusors pòbles ò <a href="/wiki/Nacion" title="Nacion">nacions</a> en causa de son simbolisme coma arma dei guerriers, dei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chivalier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chivalier (la pagina existís pas)">chivaliers</a> e deis eròis. Leis espasas magicas son ansin fòrça frequentas dins lei legendas. En <a href="/wiki/Occident" title="Occident">Occident</a>, la pus famosa es probablament <a href="/w/index.php?title=Excalibur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Excalibur (la pagina existís pas)">Excalibur</a>, l'espasa dau rèi <a href="/wiki/Rei_Art%C3%BAs" title="Rei Artús">Artús</a>, mai se pòdon tanben citar <a href="/w/index.php?title=Durandal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Durandal (la pagina existís pas)">Durandal</a>, l'espasa de <a href="/wiki/Rotland_(de_Roncesvals)" title="Rotland (de Roncesvals)">Rotland</a>, ò <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kusanagi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kusanagi (la pagina existís pas)">Kusanagi</a> qu'es utilizada per lo coronament deis emperaires <a href="/wiki/Japon" title="Japon">japonés</a>. Certaneis espasas vertadieras, de còps conservadas dins de musèus, son tanben l'objècte de legendas en causa de l'importància de son proprietari. Per exemple, es lo cas de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Joiosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joiosa (la pagina existís pas)">Joiosa</a> qu'èra l'espasa utilizada durant la ceremònia de sacre dei rèis de <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7a" title="França">França</a>. </p><p>Per mai d'un pòble, l'espasa es ansin un simbòl liat a la fòrça ò au guerrier. La <a href="/wiki/Just%C3%ADcia" title="Justícia">justícia</a>, expression de la violéncia legitima de l'Estat, es de còps representada per un <a href="/wiki/Glasi" title="Glasi">glasi</a> en <a href="/wiki/Occident" title="Occident">Occident</a> e per un <a href="/wiki/Simitarra" title="Simitarra">simitarra</a> en <a href="/wiki/Orient_Mejan" title="Orient Mejan">Orient Mejan</a>. Regardant la fòrça e lo combat, d'espasas aparéisson dins mai d'un <a href="/wiki/Blason" title="Blason">blason</a> ò dins lo simbòl de plusors unitats militaras. Totjorn a prepaus de la fòrça, l'espasa pòu representar la masculinitat. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Liames_intèrnes"><span id="Liames_int.C3.A8rnes"></span>Liames intèrnes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&veaction=edit&section=34" title="Modificar la seccion : Liames intèrnes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&action=edit&section=34" title="Editar lo còdi de la seccion seguenta: Liames intèrnes"><span>modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arma_blanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arma blanca (la pagina existís pas)">Arma blanca</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arma_de_fu%C3%B2c" title="Arma de fuòc">Arma de fuòc</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baioneta" title="Baioneta">Baioneta</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daga" title="Daga">Daga</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Escrima" title="Escrima">Escrima</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Garda_(lama)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Garda (lama) (la pagina existís pas)">Garda</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabre" title="Sabre">Sabre</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&veaction=edit&section=35" title="Modificar la seccion : Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&action=edit&section=35" title="Editar lo còdi de la seccion seguenta: Bibliografia"><span>modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Angl%C3%A9s" title="Anglés">(en)</a></b> N. Evangelista e W.M. Gaugler, <i>The encyclopedia of the sword</i>, Greenwood Publishing Group, 1995.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Angl%C3%A9s" title="Anglés">(en)</a></b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ewart_Oakeshott&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ewart Oakeshott (la pagina existís pas)">Ewart Oakeshott</a>, <i>The Archaeology of Weapons: Arms and Armour from Prehistory to the Age of Chivalry</i>, Boydell Press, 1960.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Angl%C3%A9s" title="Anglés">(en)</a></b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kanzan_Sato&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kanzan Sato (la pagina existís pas)">Kanzan Sato</a>, <i>The Japanese Sword: A Comprehensive Guide</i>, Kodansha International, 1983.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nòtas_e_referéncias"><span id="N.C3.B2tas_e_refer.C3.A9ncias"></span>Nòtas e referéncias</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&veaction=edit&section=36" title="Modificar la seccion : Nòtas e referéncias" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espasa&action=edit&section=36" title="Editar lo còdi de la seccion seguenta: Nòtas e referéncias"><span>modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Lo Congrès Permanent per la Lenga Occitana, <i>Dicod'Òc</i>, cèrca « Épée », 11 d'octòbre de <a href="/wiki/2019" class="mw-redirect" title="2019">2019</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210917164839/https://www.locongres.org/fr/applications/dicodoc-fr/dicodoc-recherche?option=com_dicodoc&view=search&Itemid=683&type=fr-oc&dic%5B%5D=BASIC&dic%5B%5D=RBVD&dic%5B%5D=ALPC&dic%5B%5D=ATAU&dic%5B%5D=PROV&dic%5B%5D=PNST&dic%5B%5D=OMLH&dic%5B%5D=LAUS&dic%5B%5D=LAGA&dic%5B%5D=LEMO&q=%C3%A9p%C3%A9e&q2=&submit=Rechercher">[1]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><b><a href="/wiki/Angl%C3%A9s" title="Anglés">(en)</a></b> Thoedore A. Wertime, J. D. Muhly, <i>The Coming of the Age of Iron</i>, Yale University Press, 1980.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Leis espasas d'<a href="/wiki/Acier_de_Damasc" title="Acier de Damasc">acier de Damasc</a> susprenguèron lei <a href="/wiki/Crosada" title="Crosada">Crosats</a> que vantèron sa qualitat. Pasmens, dins lo camp opausat, leis Arabes lausèron d'un biais similar leis espasas <a href="/wiki/Francs" title="Francs">francas</a>. Dins lei dos cas, aquò sembla una maniera de glorifiar sei fachs d'armas.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Lo mot <i>spatha</i> es a l'origina dau <a href="/wiki/Franc%C3%A9s" title="Francés">francés</a> « épée », dau <a href="/wiki/Catalan" title="Catalan">catalan</a> « espasa », dau <a href="/wiki/Portugu%C3%A9s" title="Portugués">portugués</a> e dau <a href="/wiki/Castelhan" class="mw-redirect" title="Castelhan">castelhan</a> « espada », de l'<a href="/wiki/Italian" title="Italian">italian</a> e dau <a href="/wiki/Roman%C3%A9s" title="Romanés">romanés</a> « spada » e de l'<a href="/wiki/Alban%C3%A9s" title="Albanés">albanés</a> « shpata ». En <a href="/wiki/Angl%C3%A9s" title="Anglés">anglés</a>, es a l'origina de « spade ».</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/1939" class="mw-redirect" title="1939">1939</a>-<a href="/wiki/1945" class="mw-redirect" title="1945">1945</a> sus lo teatre europèu de la guèrra. Pasmens, en <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a>, lo conflicte comencèt tre <a href="/wiki/1937" class="mw-redirect" title="1937">1937</a>.</span> </li> </ol>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Recuperada de « <a dir="ltr" href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Espasa&oldid=2426212">https://oc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Espasa&oldid=2426212</a> »</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Categorias" title="Especial:Categorias">Categorias de la pagina</a> : <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:P%C3%A0gines_amb_mides_d%27imatge_que_contenen_px_addicionals" title="Categoria:Pàgines amb mides d'imatge que contenen px addicionals">Pàgines amb mides d'imatge que contenen px addicionals</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Article_redigit_en_proven%C3%A7au" title="Categoria:Article redigit en provençau">Article redigit en provençau</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Arma" title="Categoria:Arma">Arma</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Aquela pagina es estada modificada pel darrièr còp lo 4 març de 2024 a 12.17.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright"><span style="white-space: normal"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A8dia:Drech_d%27autor" title="Wikipèdia:Drech d'autor">Drech d'autor</a> : Los tèxtes son disponibles jos <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.fr">licéncia Creative Commons paternitat pertatge a l’identic</a> ; d’autras condicions se pòdon aplicar. 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