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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">2007 recovery of coins from a Spanish wreck</div> <p>The <b>Black Swan Project</b> is the project name given by <a href="/wiki/Odyssey_Marine_Exploration" title="Odyssey Marine Exploration">Odyssey Marine Exploration</a> for its discovery and recovery of an estimated <a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">US$</a>500 million (<a href="/wiki/Pounds_sterling" class="mw-redirect" title="Pounds sterling">£</a>314 million) worth of silver and gold <a href="/wiki/Coin" title="Coin">coins</a> from the ocean floor. Initially Odyssey kept the origin of the treasure confidential. It was later proved in trial that the recovered cargo was being carried by the Spanish frigate <i><a href="/wiki/Nuestra_Se%C3%B1ora_de_las_Mercedes" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuestra Señora de las Mercedes">Nuestra Señora de las Mercedes</a></i>, which was sunk by the <a href="/wiki/British_Royal_Navy" class="mw-redirect" title="British Royal Navy">British Royal Navy</a> off Portugal in 1804.<sup id="cite_ref-Tampa_Bay_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tampa_Bay-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Knowledge of the recovery became public on May 18, 2007, when the company flew 17 tons<sup id="cite_ref-CNN_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CNN-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of coins, mostly <a href="/wiki/Silver" title="Silver">silver</a>, from <a href="/wiki/Gibraltar" title="Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a> to a secure location of unknown address in <a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a>, United States. The company did not release the type, date, or nationality of the coins, while a rumor attributed it to the <i><a href="/wiki/Merchant_Royal" class="mw-redirect" title="Merchant Royal">Merchant Royal</a></i>, which sank near <a href="/wiki/Land%27s_End" title="Land's End">Land's End</a> in 1641.<sup id="cite_ref-iht_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iht-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the time, Odyssey said that it planned to return to the site to perform an excavation expected to uncover more coins as well as other artifacts.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC_2_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC_2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, Odyssey was sued by the Spanish government in U.S. courts, which eventually ordered the treasure to be returned to Spain. Odyssey pursued all legal avenues, even taking the case to the U.S. Supreme Court and losing. On February 27, 2012, the ship's treasure was flown back to Spain where the coins and other artifacts from the shipwreck are now in the <a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_Subaquatic_Archaeology" title="National Museum of Subaquatic Archaeology">National Museum of Subaquatic Archaeology</a> in <a href="/wiki/Cartagena,_Spain" title="Cartagena, Spain">Cartagena</a> (<a href="/wiki/Region_of_Murcia" title="Region of Murcia">Murcia</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2015 a U.S. district court ordered Odyssey to pay Spain $1 million for "bad faith and abusive litigation."<sup id="cite_ref-Tampa_Bay_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tampa_Bay-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ship_identity">Ship identity</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Black_Swan_Project&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Ship identity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fragata_Mercedes_Exposicion_AGI_02_monedas_Odyssey.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Fragata_Mercedes_Exposicion_AGI_02_monedas_Odyssey.JPG/220px-Fragata_Mercedes_Exposicion_AGI_02_monedas_Odyssey.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Fragata_Mercedes_Exposicion_AGI_02_monedas_Odyssey.JPG/330px-Fragata_Mercedes_Exposicion_AGI_02_monedas_Odyssey.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Fragata_Mercedes_Exposicion_AGI_02_monedas_Odyssey.JPG/440px-Fragata_Mercedes_Exposicion_AGI_02_monedas_Odyssey.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption>Coins from the reign of <a href="/wiki/Charles_IV_of_Spain" title="Charles IV of Spain">Charles IV of Spain</a> salvaged by Odyssey from the "Black Swan" site and ready for sale.</figcaption></figure> <p>Odyssey Marine stated on 21 May 2007 that most of the recovered coins and treasure are believed to be from a particular shipwreck, but it was likely that artifacts from other wrecks had also been mixed in and were recovered. Odyssey said that due to the location of the ship in an area known to contain a large number of <a href="/wiki/Early_modern_period" title="Early modern period">colonial-era</a> wrecks, the identity of the ship would not be disclosed pending further examination of the coins and artifacts.<sup id="cite_ref-iht_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iht-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was also thought the treasure might be from a ship that Odyssey had petitioned a <a href="/wiki/United_States_federal_courts" class="mw-redirect" title="United States federal courts">federal court</a> for permission to salvage, which was located off the southwest coast of the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-iht_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iht-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> within a five-mile (8 km) radius of <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Black_Swan_Project&params=49_25_N_6_0_W_type:waterbody"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">49°25′N</span> <span class="longitude">6°0′W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">49.417°N 6.000°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">49.417; -6.000</span></span></span></a></span></span>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mike Johnson initially speculated that the treasure might be from the wreck of the English merchant ship <i><a href="/wiki/Merchant_Royal" class="mw-redirect" title="Merchant Royal">Merchant Royal</a></i>, which sank on 23 September 1641 whilst returning to London. That ship sank in heavy weather when its pumps failed to keep up with the water leaking through the hull planks. Over half the crew, including the captain, John Limbrey, were able to abandon ship and were rescued by a sister-ship, <i>Dover Merchant</i>, which was accompanying <i>Merchant Royal</i> from Cadiz to London. The survivors provided a detailed description of the lost cargo—described in 1641 as "300,000 Pounds in silver, 100,000 Pounds in gold, and as much again in jewel"—as well as a general location near the <a href="/wiki/Isles_of_Scilly" title="Isles of Scilly">Isles of Scilly</a>, about "21 <a href="/wiki/League_(unit)" title="League (unit)">leagues</a>" (about 35 to 40 miles) from <a href="/wiki/Lands_End" class="mw-redirect" title="Lands End">Lands End</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC_1_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC_1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2005, the co-founder of Odyssey Marine, Greg Stemm, had admitted to British shipwreck expert <a href="/wiki/Richard_Larn" title="Richard Larn">Richard Larn</a> that his firm was searching for <i>Merchant Royal</i>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Odyssey Marine's sonar search ships trawled the area extensively in 2005 and 2006, frequently calling in <a href="/wiki/Falmouth,_Cornwall" title="Falmouth, Cornwall">Falmouth</a> for crew rest.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC_2_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC_2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Odyssey crew continued to allegedly search for the ship on the <a href="/wiki/Discovery_Channel" title="Discovery Channel">Discovery Channel</a> 2009 television show <i><a href="/wiki/Treasure_Quest_(TV_series)" title="Treasure Quest (TV series)">Treasure Quest</a></i> (filmed in 2008). Pictures of the coins released by Odyssey have had their markings obscured to prevent identification. However, from examining the edges of the coins it appears that they come from the middle of the 18th century, too late to be from <i>Merchant Royal</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Times_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Times-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Rare coin expert Nick Bruyer, who examined a sample of 6,000 coins from the wreck, said of the discovery, "For this colonial era, I think (the find) is unprecedented... I don't know of anything equal or comparable to it."<sup id="cite_ref-CNN_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CNN-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also believes much or all of the coinage is <a href="/wiki/Uncirculated_coin" title="Uncirculated coin">uncirculated</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CNN_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CNN-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The finds were shipped in a chartered jet to an undisclosed location in the United States to be examined.<sup id="cite_ref-CNN_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CNN-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BBC_1_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC_1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Odyssey said they expected the wreck to become one of the "most publicised in history".<sup id="cite_ref-BBC_1_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC_1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The entire operation is thought to have taken years and cost millions.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC_2_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC_2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Recovery">Recovery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Black_Swan_Project&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Recovery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Graphic novelist Paco Roca, who with Spanish diplomat Guillermo Corral wrote a fictionalised version of the project, says that they were "critical of the company's manner of extracting the treasure, using a kind of giant vacuum cleaner and destroying the wreck site, which is also a marine cemetery".<sup id="cite_ref-comic_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-comic-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Filing_of_claims">Filing of claims</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Black_Swan_Project&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Filing of claims"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In order to establish a legal claim to the recovered cargo, Odyssey filed in U.S. court for an arrest of the cargo on April 4, 2007, and then published notice of that arrest on May 7, 2007. On May 31, 2007, the Spanish government, pursuant to the notice of the arrest, filed a claim against the recovered cargo based on the claim that the silver and gold coins recovered by Odyssey Marine came from a Spanish vessel, the <i><a href="/wiki/Nuestra_Se%C3%B1ora_de_las_Mercedes" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuestra Señora de las Mercedes">Nuestra Señora de las Mercedes</a></i>, a 36-gun Spanish <a href="/wiki/Frigate" title="Frigate">frigate</a> that went down off the <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portuguese</a> coast en route from Montevideo to <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A1diz" title="Cádiz">Cádiz</a>. The <i>Mercedes</i>, which was sunk by British Navy ships in October 1804, was known to be carrying more than a million silver dollars. </p><p>In January 2008, a US Federal Court in Tampa ordered Odyssey Marine to disclose details of the wreck site to the Spanish government and for both to return to court in March. During those proceedings, Odyssey Marine stated that its Black Swan treasure was recovered in the Atlantic approximately 180 miles (290 km) west of Portugal. That location would appear to rule out the <i>Merchant Royal</i> (which sank much further north in the Atlantic), and the <i>Mercedes</i> (which sank approximately 30 nautical miles (56 km) off the Portuguese coast), and HMS <i>Sussex</i> (which sank inside the Strait of Gibraltar.)<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The recovered bullion, being predominately silver coins, with some gold coins and copper ingots, strongly suggests it came from a <a href="/wiki/Early_modern_period" title="Early modern period">colonial-era</a> Spanish ship that sank while transporting newly minted silver from South America to Spain.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Marine_salvage#Ship_salvage_and_the_law" title="Marine salvage">Salvage law</a> in international waters, as recognized by some English-speaking countries, could award 90% of recovered treasure to the salvage firm.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Spain claimed the entire ownership of the wreck and cargo, saying that it would pay no salvage award at all for the recovery because the cargo of the <i>Mercedes</i> would be protected by <a href="/wiki/Sovereign_immunity" title="Sovereign immunity">sovereign immunity</a>, which supersedes <a href="/wiki/Admiralty_law" title="Admiralty law">admiralty law</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Because some of the recovered coins were minted in <a href="/wiki/Lima" title="Lima">Lima</a>, the Peruvian government also laid claim to the treasure. In 2008, Jose Jimenez, a senior official with the Spanish Ministry of Culture stated that Spain would be willing to share the treasure 'out of a sense of a common cultural heritage'.<sup id="cite_ref-cnn_1_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cnn_1-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, Peru, as well as the descendants of the merchants who shipped the coins as cargo aboard the <i>Mercedes</i>, are contesting Spain's right to the treasure, along with Odyssey, in a pending court case.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dispute">Dispute</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Black_Swan_Project&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Dispute"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Spanish authorities decided to return passports and official documents to some members of the crew and allow some to leave.<sup id="cite_ref-c3_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-c3-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The survey vessel was cleared for departure by the Spanish Civil Guard on July 14, 2007. </p><p>The Spanish government stated that it considers it acted within its own territorial waters. The UK argued that the incident took place in international waters and was therefore illegal. However, Spain verbally stated its <a href="/wiki/Disputed_status_of_Gibraltar" class="mw-redirect" title="Disputed status of Gibraltar">claim over the waters</a> that it does not recognise Gibraltar waters except within the port of Gibraltar and that all waters up to 12 miles (19 km) from the coastline it claims, are considered Spanish waters.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On July 26, 2007, Odyssey Marine Exploration was granted two of the three <a href="/wiki/Motion_(legal)" title="Motion (legal)">motions</a> for an Extension of Time to file its responses to the Spain's Motions for More Definite Statements in the three admiralty arrests which Odyssey had pending at the U.S. District Court that assumed jurisdiction over the sites.<sup id="cite_ref-c9_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-c9-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On October 16, 2007, Spain seized another vessel, <i>Odyssey Explorer</i> owned by Odyssey Marine Exploration as it sailed out of port from the <a href="/wiki/British_overseas_territory" class="mw-redirect" title="British overseas territory">British overseas territory</a> of Gibraltar. The <i>Odyssey Explorer</i> captain, Sterling Vorus, claimed to have been in international waters, but was forced to dock at Algeciras under what Vorus declared was "threat of deadly force." Once in port, Vorus was eventually arrested for disobedience after refusing inspection of the vessel without first receiving approval of <i>Odyssey Explorer'</i>s flag state, the Commonwealth of the Bahamas. Vorus was released the following day. Aboard the <i>Odyssey Explorer</i> at the time of seizure, were about a dozen journalists and photographers, all of whom had their videotapes, tape recorders, and computer memory storage devices seized by Spanish officials.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On June 4, 2009, a <a href="/wiki/United_States_magistrate_judge" title="United States magistrate judge">U.S. magistrate judge</a> in Tampa, Florida (<a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Middle_District_of_Florida" title="United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida">United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida</a>) determined from written submissions that the treasure had come from the Spanish warship, <i>Nuestra Señora de las Mercedes</i>. Declaring that he lacked jurisdiction to proceed with the case, he ruled in favor of Spain's claim of sovereign immunity. Odyssey Marine stated it planned to appeal the ruling.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On December 22, 2009, a U.S. district judge validated the magistrate's report and recommendations but stayed the order to turn over the treasure to Spain until the Appeals process was completed. "The ineffable truth of this case is that the <i>Mercedes</i> is a naval vessel of Spain and that the wreck of this naval vessel, the vessel's cargo, and any human remains are the natural and legal patrimony of Spain," said the judge in his order.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January 2011, Odyssey Marine claimed that the language used in recently <a href="/wiki/United_States_diplomatic_cables_leak" title="United States diplomatic cables leak">leaked diplomatic cables</a> showed that the US State Department had been involved with negotiations to assist the Spanish government in receiving the treasure in exchange for the return of allegedly stolen artwork to a US private citizen. The US State Department declined to comment while Spain denied Odyssey Marine's claim.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Department of State's Office of Inspector General subsequently investigated the charges in response to a request by Representative <a href="/wiki/Kathy_Castor" title="Kathy Castor">Kathy Castor</a> of Florida. In March 2011, it determined that it could find no evidence of a connection between the Black Swan case and the negotiations for the return of the artwork in question (a <a href="/wiki/Pissarro" class="mw-redirect" title="Pissarro">Pissarro</a> painting).<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In September 2011, The <a href="/wiki/11th_Circuit_Court_of_Appeals" class="mw-redirect" title="11th Circuit Court of Appeals">11th Circuit Court of Appeals</a> agreed with the lower court's determination that the unidentified ship was in fact the <i>Nuestra Señora de las Mercedes</i> and ruled that Odyssey Marine must return the 17 tons of silver coins and other recovered treasures to the Spanish government. The text of the decision can be found by searching the Appeals Court's opinions database for case no. 10–10269.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Court's decision rested mainly on its interpretation of the <a href="/wiki/Foreign_Sovereign_Immunities_Act" title="Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act">Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act</a> (FSIA) and on the principle of <a href="/wiki/Comity" title="Comity">comity</a>. It said, "We do not hold the recovered [treasure] is ultimately Spanish property. Rather, we merely hold the sovereign immunity owed the shipwreck of the <i>Mercedes</i> also applies to any cargo the <i>Mercedes</i> was carrying when it sank." </p><p>January 31, 2012, the 11th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in Atlanta, Georgia, rejected a motion from Odyssey Marine to stay the same court's November decision ordering the company to turn over the hoard.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On February 9, 2012, the U.S. Supreme Court declined to hear an emergency application for a stay filed by Odyssey Marine, which said it wanted to maintain <a href="/wiki/Possession_(law)" title="Possession (law)">possession</a> of a half-billion dollars' worth of gold and silver coins until a final decision is made about who owns them. Justice <a href="/wiki/Clarence_Thomas" title="Clarence Thomas">Clarence Thomas</a>, who has jurisdiction over applications from Florida, denied without comment the motion in <i>Odyssey Marine Exploration Inc. v. Kingdom of Spain</i>. Odyssey Marine had made an emergency appeal to the high court in an attempt to block a lower court's order last week that it turn over the treasure to Spain.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Conclusion">Conclusion</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Black_Swan_Project&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Conclusion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Monedas,_Nuestra_Se%C3%B1ora_de_las_Mercedes,_Sevilla,_Espa%C3%B1a,_2015_03.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Monedas%2C_Nuestra_Se%C3%B1ora_de_las_Mercedes%2C_Sevilla%2C_Espa%C3%B1a%2C_2015_03.JPG/220px-Monedas%2C_Nuestra_Se%C3%B1ora_de_las_Mercedes%2C_Sevilla%2C_Espa%C3%B1a%2C_2015_03.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Monedas%2C_Nuestra_Se%C3%B1ora_de_las_Mercedes%2C_Sevilla%2C_Espa%C3%B1a%2C_2015_03.JPG/330px-Monedas%2C_Nuestra_Se%C3%B1ora_de_las_Mercedes%2C_Sevilla%2C_Espa%C3%B1a%2C_2015_03.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Monedas%2C_Nuestra_Se%C3%B1ora_de_las_Mercedes%2C_Sevilla%2C_Espa%C3%B1a%2C_2015_03.JPG/440px-Monedas%2C_Nuestra_Se%C3%B1ora_de_las_Mercedes%2C_Sevilla%2C_Espa%C3%B1a%2C_2015_03.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Sample of coins from the <i>Mercedes</i> treasure displayed at a Spanish museum in 2015.</figcaption></figure> <p>On February 17, 2012, it was reported that U.S. Magistrate Judge Mark Pizzo ordered Odyssey to return the coins to Spain by February 24, 2012, where they will be dispersed to museums, not to heirs. The <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Supreme Court</a> declined to stay this order and Odyssey will abide by the decision.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On February 24, 2012, two <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_C-130_Hercules" title="Lockheed C-130 Hercules">C-130 Hercules aircraft</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish Air Force">Spanish Air Force</a> picked up the treasure in Florida and transported it to Spain.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Odyssey petitioned the Supreme Court to reconsider the issues in the case but on May 14, 2012, the court declined to take up the appeal.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The coins have been returned to Spain, whereby Spanish law dictates that they can never be sold to the public. </p><p>On December 2, 2012, the Spanish Government deposited the 14.5 tons of gold and silver coins recovered in the <a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_Subaquatic_Archaeology" title="National Museum of Subaquatic Archaeology">National Museum of Subaquatic Archaeology</a> in <a href="/wiki/Cartagena,_Spain" title="Cartagena, Spain">Cartagena</a> (<a href="/wiki/Region_of_Murcia" title="Region of Murcia">Murcia</a>) for cataloging, study and permanent display.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2015 a U.S. district court ordered Odyssey to pay Spain $1 million for "bad faith and abusive litigation". The judge observed that, throughout the lawsuit, "Odyssey knew at all times that Spain, given the information pertinent to identification, possessed the historical information and the expertise to identify immediately whether the wreck in question was a Spanish vessel" and that "the fact that Odyssey never asked for Spain's assistance in identifying the vessel reveals much about Odyssey's motives and objectives."<sup id="cite_ref-Tampa_Bay_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tampa_Bay-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since 2014, part of the treasure has been on display in several Spanish public museums as part of an extensive itinerant exhibit relating to the sinking of the ship, and the recovery of the treasure. </p><p>On August 30, 2017, as a follow-up to the project, the Spanish Navy rescued two cannons, named "Santa Barbara" and "Santa Rufina", each weighing more than 2 tons.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They had been cast in bronze and signed by smelter Bernardino de Tejeda, born in Seville, Spain, and who died in Lima, Peru, the direct ancestor of <a href="/wiki/Javier_P%C3%A9rez_de_Cu%C3%A9llar" title="Javier Pérez de Cuéllar">Javier Pérez de Cuéllar</a> (Lima, Peru, 1920-2020), the fifth Secretary-General of the United Nations. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Black_Swan_Project&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A fictionalised comic book based on the project, <i>The Treasure of the Black Swan</i>, written by a Spanish diplomat involved in the legal battle, Guillermo Corral, and Spanish graphic novelist <a href="/wiki/Paco_Roca" title="Paco Roca">Paco Roca</a> was produced in 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-comic_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-comic-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was adapted into the television series <i><a href="/wiki/La_Fortuna_(TV_series)" title="La Fortuna (TV series)">La Fortuna</a></i> (2021). The same year, a Spanish action film directed by <a href="/wiki/Jaume_Balaguer%C3%B3" title="Jaume Balagueró">Jaume Balagueró</a> called <i><a href="/wiki/The_Vault_(2021_film)" title="The Vault (2021 film)">The Vault</a></i>, that bears a passing resemblance to the Black Swan story, was released by Sony Pictures. </p><p>National Geographic's 2021 film, 'Battle for the Black Swan', written and directed by <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Riley" title="Christopher Riley">Christopher Riley</a>, tells the story of the discovery of the wreck, the salvage, and subsequent dispute. It won a gold medal for History and Society at the 2022 New York Festivals TV & Film Awards.<sup id="cite_ref-award_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-award-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Black_Swan_Project&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Admiralty_law" title="Admiralty law">Admiralty law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_Sovereign_Immunities_Act" title="Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act">Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Precedent" title="Precedent">Precedent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_policy_doctrine" title="Public policy doctrine">Public policy doctrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purposive_theory" class="mw-redirect" title="Purposive theory">Purposive theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standard_of_review" title="Standard of review">Standard of review</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sovereignty" title="Sovereignty">Sovereignty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Supreme Court of the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treasure_hunting_(marine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Treasure hunting (marine)">Treasure hunting (marine)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Black_Swan_Project&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Tampa_Bay-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Tampa_Bay_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tampa_Bay_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tampa_Bay_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFPenn2013" class="citation news cs1">Penn, Ivan (September 30, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tampabay.com/news/business/odyssey-marine-ordered-to-pay-spain-1-million-in-black-swan-case/2144658/">"Odyssey Marine ordered to pay Spain $1 million in Black Swan case"</a>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2007/05/18/america/NA-GEN-US-Treasure-Ship.php?page=1">the original</a> on September 29, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-07-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=International+Herald+Tribune&rft.atitle=Shipwreck+yields+estimated+%24500+million+in+gold+and+silver+coins&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iht.com%2Farticles%2Fap%2F2007%2F05%2F18%2Famerica%2FNA-GEN-US-Treasure-Ship.php%3Fpage%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABlack+Swan+Project" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBC_2-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BBC_2_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BBC_2_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BBC_2_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/6672725.stm">How to find a treasure trove</a> - BBC News — Obtained May 19, 2007</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNational_Museum_of_Subaquatic_Archaeology" class="citation web cs1">National Museum of Subaquatic Archaeology. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.culturaydeporte.gob.es/mnarqua/en/colecciones/yacimientos/ns-mercedes.html">"<i>Nuestra Señora de las Mercedes</i>"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 December</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=True-life+treasure+hunt+that+turned+into+a+comic+book&rft.date=2018-12-22&rft.au=James+Badcock&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld-europe-46439189&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABlack+Swan+Project" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>"Battle for the Black Swan,"</i> Discovery Channel, Apr. 4, 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cnn_1-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cnn_1_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://edition.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/europe/06/08/spain.treasure/index.html">http://edition.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/europe/06/08/spain.treasure/index.html</a> Spain's lost treasure battle in U.S. court</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-c3-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-c3_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070928004716/http://www.gibfocus.gi/details_headlines.php?id=1558">"Detained until evening against their will — Odyssey crew are made to wait"</a>. Gibfocus. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gibfocus.gi/details_headlines.php?id=1558">the original</a> on September 28, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-07-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Detained+until+evening+against+their+will+%E2%80%94+Odyssey+crew+are+made+to+wait&rft.pub=Gibfocus&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gibfocus.gi%2Fdetails_headlines.php%3Fid%3D1558&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABlack+Swan+Project" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070928004724/http://www.gibfocus.gi/details_headlines.php?id=1561">"Spain takes firm stance over sovereignty of waters after Odyssey incident"</a>. Gibfocus. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gibfocus.gi/details_headlines.php?id=1561">the original</a> on September 28, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-07-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Spain+takes+firm+stance+over+sovereignty+of+waters+after+Odyssey+incident&rft.pub=Gibfocus&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gibfocus.gi%2Fdetails_headlines.php%3Fid%3D1561&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABlack+Swan+Project" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-c9-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-c9_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070930033535/http://home.businesswire.com/portal/site/google/index.jsp?ndmViewId=news_view&newsId=20070726005635&newsLang=en">"Odyssey Marine Exploration Motions Granted in Two Admiralty Cases"</a>. Odyssey Marine Exploration. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://home.businesswire.com/portal/site/google/index.jsp?ndmViewId=news_view&newsId=20070726005635&newsLang=en">the original</a> on 2007-09-30<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-07-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Odyssey+Marine+Exploration+Motions+Granted+in+Two+Admiralty+Cases&rft.pub=Odyssey+Marine+Exploration&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhome.businesswire.com%2Fportal%2Fsite%2Fgoogle%2Findex.jsp%3FndmViewId%3Dnews_view%26newsId%3D20070726005635%26newsLang%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABlack+Swan+Project" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/2007/WORLD/europe/10/17/spain.ship/index.html">"U.S. ship held in $500M booty row"</a>. <i>CNN</i>. October 18, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 26,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=U.S.+ship+held+in+%24500M+booty+row&rft.date=2007-10-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2007%2FWORLD%2Feurope%2F10%2F17%2Fspain.ship%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABlack+Swan+Project" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120718051658/http://www.flmd.uscourts.gov/notableCases/Opinions/07cv614-ReportAndRecommendation-Odyssey.pdf">"Archived copy"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flmd.uscourts.gov/notablecases/opinions/07cv614-reportandrecommendation-odyssey.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2012-07-18<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-02-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archived+copy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.flmd.uscourts.gov%2Fnotablecases%2Fopinions%2F07cv614-reportandrecommendation-odyssey.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABlack+Swan+Project" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title" title="Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://investorshub.advfn.com/boards/read_msg.aspx?message_id=44822631">"Odyssey Marine Exploration (OMEX): $500 Million in Sunken Treasure Returning to Spain"</a>. 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Discovery News.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Black+Swan+Shipwreck+Ordeal+Comes+To+End&rft.pub=Discovery+News&rft.date=2012-02-24&rft.aulast=Lorenzi&rft.aufirst=Rossella&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.discovery.com%2Fhistory%2Farchaeology%2Fblack-swan-treasure-122402.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABlack+Swan+Project" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRichey2012" class="citation news cs1">Richey, Warren (May 14, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.csmonitor.com/USA/Justice/2012/0514/Who-gets-to-keep-shipwreck-treasure-Supreme-Court-declines-Spain-case">"Who gets to keep shipwreck treasure? 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 1,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=El+Mundo&rft.atitle=The+treasure+from+La+Mercedes+is+in+Cartagena+already&rft.date=2012-12-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.elmundo.es%2Felmundo%2F2012%2F12%2F03%2Fcultura%2F1354536829.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABlack+Swan+Project" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.abc.es/noticias/abci-historia-culebrinas-extraidas-pecio-fragata-mercedes-mas-metros-201708301444_noticia.html">"La historia de las dos culebrinas extraídas del pecio de la fragata Mercedes a más de mil metros"</a>. <i>Diario ABC</i> (in Spanish). 30 August 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Patrimonio subacuático recuperado</a>, official website of the Spanish ministry of Culture (in Spanish)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://shipwreck.net">Odyssey Marine Exploration</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/underwater/convention">UNESCO 2001 Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:red;color:white;"><div id="History" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Gibraltar" title="History of Gibraltar"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">History</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neanderthals_in_Gibraltar" title="Neanderthals in Gibraltar">Neanderthals in Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_history_of_Gibraltar" title="Timeline of the history of Gibraltar">Timeline</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_sieges_of_Gibraltar" title="List of sieges of Gibraltar">sieges</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pillars_of_Hercules" title="Pillars of Hercules">Pillars of Hercules</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Siege_of_Gibraltar" class="mw-redirect" title="First Siege of Gibraltar">First Siege of Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gibraltar_(1607)" title="Battle of Gibraltar (1607)">Battle of Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Gibraltar" title="Capture of Gibraltar">Capture of Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Rooke" title="George Rooke">George Rooke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Utrecht" class="mw-redirect" title="Treaty of Utrecht">Treaty of Utrecht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirteenth_Siege_of_Gibraltar" class="mw-redirect" title="Thirteenth Siege of Gibraltar">Thirteenth Siege of Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Siege_of_Gibraltar" title="Great Siege of Gibraltar">Great Siege</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Augustus_Eliott,_1st_Baron_Heathfield" title="George Augustus Eliott, 1st Baron Heathfield">George Augustus Eliott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar_real" title="Gibraltar real">Gibraltar real <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Gibraltar_during_World_War_II" title="Military history of Gibraltar during World War II">World War II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_nationality_in_Gibraltar" title="History of nationality in Gibraltar">Nationality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Genoese_in_Gibraltar" title="History of the Genoese in Gibraltar">Genoese in Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Maltese_in_Gibraltar" title="History of the Maltese in Gibraltar">Maltese in Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explosion_of_the_RFA_Bedenham" title="Explosion of the RFA Bedenham">Explosion of the RFA <i>Bedenham</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Flavius" title="Operation Flavius">Operation Flavius</a> (<a href="/wiki/Death_on_the_Rock" title="Death on the Rock">Death on the Rock</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MV_Aurora_(2000)#2003:_Norwalk_virus_breakout" title="MV Aurora (2000)"><i>Aurora</i> incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MV_New_Flame" title="MV New Flame"><i>New Flame</i> incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MV_Fedra" title="MV Fedra"><i>Fedra</i> incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Gibraltar" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Gibraltar">COVID-19</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar" title="Gibraltar"><img alt="Gibraltar" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Arms_of_Gibraltar_%28Variant%29.svg/80px-Arms_of_Gibraltar_%28Variant%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Arms_of_Gibraltar_%28Variant%29.svg/120px-Arms_of_Gibraltar_%28Variant%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Arms_of_Gibraltar_%28Variant%29.svg/160px-Arms_of_Gibraltar_%28Variant%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="511" data-file-height="609" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:red;color:white;"><div id="Geography" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Gibraltar" class="mw-redirect" title="Geography of Gibraltar"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Geography</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:red;color:white;;width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Gibraltar" title="Climate of Gibraltar">Climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_the_Iberian_Peninsula" title="Geology of the Iberian Peninsula">Geology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Azores%E2%80%93Gibraltar_Transform_Fault" class="mw-redirect" title="Azores–Gibraltar Transform Fault">Azores–Gibraltar Transform Fault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar_Arc" title="Gibraltar Arc">Gibraltar Arc</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iberian_Peninsula" title="Iberian Peninsula">Iberian Peninsula</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:red;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Environment_of_Gibraltar" title="Category:Environment of Gibraltar"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Environment</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Gibraltar" title="List of birds of Gibraltar">Birds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mammals_of_Gibraltar" title="List of mammals of Gibraltar">Mammals</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barbary_macaques_in_Gibraltar" title="Barbary macaques in Gibraltar">Barbary macaques</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_amphibians_and_reptiles_of_Gibraltar" title="List of amphibians and reptiles of Gibraltar">Reptiles and amphibians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iberis_gibraltarica" title="Iberis gibraltarica">Candytuft <span style="font-size:85%;">(<i>Iberis gibraltarica</i>)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar_Botanic_Gardens" title="Gibraltar Botanic Gardens">Botanic Gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar_Ornithological_%26_Natural_History_Society" title="Gibraltar Ornithological & Natural History Society">Ornithological & Natural History Society (GONHS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alameda_Wildlife_Conservation_Park" title="Alameda Wildlife Conservation Park">Wildlife Park</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:red;color:white;;width:1%">Places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:red;color:white;;width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Natural</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bay_of_Gibraltar" title="Bay of Gibraltar">Bay of Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catalan_Bay" title="Catalan Bay">Catalan Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Beach,_Gibraltar" title="Eastern Beach, Gibraltar">Eastern Beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorham%27s_Cave" title="Gorham's Cave">Gorham's Cave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_of_Gibraltar" title="Rock of Gibraltar">Rock of Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Michael%27s_Cave" title="St. Michael's Cave">St. Michael's Cave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandy_Bay,_Gibraltar" title="Sandy Bay, Gibraltar">Sandy Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strait_of_Gibraltar" title="Strait of Gibraltar">Strait of Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanguard_Cave" title="Vanguard Cave">Vanguard Cave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windmill_Hill_(Gibraltar)" title="Windmill Hill (Gibraltar)">Windmill Hill</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:red;color:white;;width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Buildings_and_structures_in_Gibraltar" title="Category:Buildings and structures in Gibraltar"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Built</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bristol_Hotel,_Gibraltar" title="Bristol Hotel, Gibraltar">Bristol Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar_City_Hall" title="Gibraltar City Hall">City Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Convent_(Gibraltar)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Convent (Gibraltar)">The Convent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garrison_Library" title="Garrison Library">Garrison Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_George_V_Hospital_(Gibraltar)" title="King George V Hospital (Gibraltar)">King George V Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moorish_Castle" title="Moorish Castle">Moorish Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Rock_Hotel" title="The Rock Hotel">The Rock Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Bernard%27s_Hospital" title="St Bernard's Hospital">St. Bernard's Hospital</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:red;color:white;"><div id="Politics_and_Government" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Gibraltar" title="Politics of Gibraltar"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Politics and Government</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:red;color:white;;width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Gibraltar" title="Constitution of Gibraltar">Constitution Order</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar_Constitution_Order_1969" title="Gibraltar Constitution Order 1969">1969</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar_Constitution_Order_2006" title="Gibraltar Constitution Order 2006">2006</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Gibraltar" title="Law of Gibraltar">Law</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Gibraltar" title="Judiciary of Gibraltar">court system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Gibraltar" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Gibraltar">LGBT rights</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_passport_(Gibraltar)" title="British passport (Gibraltar)">Passport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_development_in_modern_Gibraltar" title="Political development in modern Gibraltar">Political development in modern Gibraltar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:red;color:white;;width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Minister_of_Gibraltar" title="Chief Minister of Gibraltar">Chief Minister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Gibraltar" title="Governor of Gibraltar">Governor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Gibraltar" title="Mayor of Gibraltar">Mayor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:red;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Gibraltar" title="Politics of Gibraltar"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Political issues</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Black Swan Project controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disputed_status_of_Gibraltar" class="mw-redirect" title="Disputed status of Gibraltar">Disputed status</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Disputed_status_of_the_isthmus_between_Gibraltar_and_Spain" title="Disputed status of the isthmus between Gibraltar and Spain">isthmus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Gibraltar" title="Elections in Gibraltar">Elections</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2007_Gibraltar_general_election" title="2007 Gibraltar general election">2007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Gibraltar_general_election" title="2011 Gibraltar general election">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Gibraltar_general_election" title="2015 Gibraltar general election">2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Gibraltar_general_election" title="2019 Gibraltar general election">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Gibraltar_general_election" title="2023 Gibraltar general election">2023</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar_Parliament" title="Gibraltar Parliament">Parliament</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_Gibraltar_Parliament" title="Speaker of the Gibraltar Parliament">Speaker</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Gibraltar" title="List of political parties in Gibraltar">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sovereignty" title="Sovereignty">Sovereignty referendums</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1967_Gibraltar_sovereignty_referendum" title="1967 Gibraltar sovereignty referendum">1967</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_Gibraltar_sovereignty_referendum" title="2002 Gibraltar sovereignty referendum">2002</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_United_Kingdom_European_Union_membership_referendum" title="2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum">EU referendum</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_(Referendum)_Act_2016_(Gibraltar)" title="European Union (Referendum) Act 2016 (Gibraltar)">European Union (Referendum) Act 2016 (Gibraltar)</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:red;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Military_of_Gibraltar" class="mw-redirect" title="Military of Gibraltar"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Military</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_Forces_Gibraltar" title="British Forces Gibraltar">British Forces Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar_Defence_Police" title="Gibraltar Defence Police">Gibraltar Defence Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar_Squadron" title="Gibraltar Squadron">Gibraltar Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napier_of_Magdala_Battery" title="Napier of Magdala Battery">Napier of Magdala Battery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Gibraltar" title="RAF Gibraltar">RAF Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Gibraltar_Police" title="Royal Gibraltar Police">Royal Gibraltar Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Gibraltar_Regiment" title="Royal Gibraltar Regiment">Royal Gibraltar Regiment</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:red;color:white;"><div id="Economy" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Gibraltar" title="Economy of Gibraltar"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Economy</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:red;color:white;;width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_banks_in_Gibraltar" title="List of banks in Gibraltar">Banks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar_pound" title="Gibraltar pound">Gibraltar pound</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coins_of_the_Gibraltar_pound" class="mw-redirect" title="Coins of the Gibraltar pound">coins</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar_Stock_Exchange" title="Gibraltar Stock Exchange">Stock Exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_Gibraltar" title="Taxation in Gibraltar">Taxation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Gibraltar" title="Tourism in Gibraltar">Tourism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:red;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Communications_in_Gibraltar" title="Communications in Gibraltar"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Communications</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/.gi" title=".gi">.gi <span style="font-size:85%;">(Internet domain)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Gibraltar Broadcasting Corporation">Gibraltar Broadcasting Corporation</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar_Chronicle" title="Gibraltar Chronicle">Gibraltar Chronicle</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibtelecom" title="Gibtelecom">Gibtelecom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panorama_(Gibraltar)" title="Panorama (Gibraltar)">Panorama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar_Regulatory_Authority" title="Gibraltar Regulatory Authority">Regulatory Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Gibraltar_Post_Office" title="Royal Gibraltar Post Office">Royal Gibraltar Post Office</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Postage_stamps_and_postal_history_of_Gibraltar" title="Postage stamps and postal history of Gibraltar">postage stamps and history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postal_orders_of_Gibraltar" title="Postal orders of Gibraltar">postal orders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar_Study_Circle" title="Gibraltar Study Circle">Study Circle</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_Gibraltar" title="Telephone numbers in Gibraltar">Telephone numbers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:red;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Gibraltar" title="Transport in Gibraltar"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Transport</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar_International_Airport" title="Gibraltar International Airport">Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar_Cable_Car" title="Gibraltar Cable Car">Cable car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar%E2%80%93Spain_border" title="Gibraltar–Spain border">Gibraltar–Spain border</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shipping_in_Gibraltar" title="Shipping in Gibraltar">Shipping in Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vehicle_registration_plates_of_Gibraltar" title="Vehicle registration plates of Gibraltar">Vehicle registration plates</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:red;color:white;"><div id="Culture" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Gibraltar" title="Culture of Gibraltar"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Culture</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:red;color:white;;width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltarian_cuisine" title="Gibraltarian cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Gibraltar" title="Education in Gibraltar">Education</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bayside_Comprehensive_School" title="Bayside Comprehensive School">Bayside Comprehensive School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westside_School,_Gibraltar" title="Westside School, Gibraltar">Westside School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Gibraltar" title="University of Gibraltar">University of Gibraltar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miss_Gibraltar" title="Miss Gibraltar">Miss Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Gibraltar" title="Music of Gibraltar">Music</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ll%C3%A9vame_Donde_Nac%C3%AD" title="Llévame Donde Nací">Llévame Donde Nací</a></li></ul></li> <li>Gibraltar Fair</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar_National_Day" title="Gibraltar National Day">National Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Gibraltar" title="Public holidays in Gibraltar">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scouting_and_Guiding_in_Gibraltar" title="Scouting and Guiding in Gibraltar">Scouting and Guiding in Gibraltar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:red;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Gibraltar" title="Demographics of Gibraltar"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Demographics</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltarians" title="Gibraltarians">Gibraltarians</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Gibraltarians" title="List of Gibraltarians">list</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltarians_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Gibraltarians in the United Kingdom">in the UK</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltarian_status" title="Gibraltarian status">Gibraltarian status</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Gibraltar" title="Languages of Gibraltar">Languages</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Llanito" title="Llanito">Llanito</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:red;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Gibraltar" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Gibraltar"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Religion</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:red;color:white;;width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Christianity</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_England" title="Church of England">Anglicanism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_in_Europe" title="Diocese in Europe">Diocese in Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_in_Europe" title="Bishop in Europe">Bishop diocesan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suffragan_Bishop_in_Europe" title="Suffragan Bishop in Europe">Bishop suffragan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cathedral_of_the_Holy_Trinity,_Gibraltar" title="Cathedral of the Holy Trinity, Gibraltar">Cathedral of the Holy Trinity</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Andrew%27s_Church,_Gibraltar" title="St Andrew's Church, Gibraltar">St. Andrew's Church <span style="font-size:85%;">(Church of Scotland)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar_Methodist_Church" title="Gibraltar Methodist Church">Methodism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholicism_in_Gibraltar" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholicism in Gibraltar">Roman Catholicism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Gibraltar" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Gibraltar">Diocese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Bishop_of_Gibraltar" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Bishop of Gibraltar">Bishop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cathedral_of_St._Mary_the_Crowned" title="Cathedral of St. Mary the Crowned">Cathedral of St. Mary the Crowned</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Europe" title="Our Lady of Europe">Our Lady of Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrine_of_Our_Lady_of_Europe" title="Shrine of Our Lady of Europe">Shrine of Our Lady of Europe</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trafalgar_Cemetery" title="Trafalgar Cemetery">Trafalgar Cemetery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:red;color:white;;width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Other faiths</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Gibraltar" title="Hinduism in Gibraltar">Hinduism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Gibraltar" title="Islam in Gibraltar">Islam</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ibrahim-al-Ibrahim_Mosque" title="Ibrahim-al-Ibrahim Mosque">Ibrahim-al-Ibrahim Mosque</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Gibraltar" title="History of the Jews in Gibraltar">Judaism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Great_Synagogue_(Gibraltar)" title="Great Synagogue (Gibraltar)">Great Synagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synagogues_of_Gibraltar" class="mw-redirect" title="Synagogues of Gibraltar">other synagogues</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:red;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Gibraltar" title="Sport in Gibraltar"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Sport</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="By_sport" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:red;color:white;;width:4.4em;font-weight:normal;">By sport</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar_national_basketball_team" class="mw-redirect" title="Gibraltar national basketball team">Basketball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar_Cricket_Association" title="Gibraltar Cricket Association">Cricket</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar_national_cricket_team" title="Gibraltar national cricket team">national team</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar_Cycling_Association" title="Gibraltar Cycling Association">Cycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar_Hockey_Association" title="Gibraltar Hockey Association">Field hockey</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar_men%27s_national_field_hockey_team" title="Gibraltar men's national field hockey team">national team</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Football_in_Gibraltar" title="Football in Gibraltar">Football</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar_Football_Association" title="Gibraltar Football Association">Football Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar_national_football_team" title="Gibraltar national football team">national team</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rugby_union_in_Gibraltar" title="Rugby union in Gibraltar">Rugby union</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar_national_rugby_union_team" title="Gibraltar national rugby union team">national team</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar_Barbarians_Rugby_Club" title="Gibraltar Barbarians Rugby Club">Campo Gibraltar RUFC</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar_at_the_Commonwealth_Games" title="Gibraltar at the Commonwealth Games">Commonwealth Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Island_Games_Association" title="International Island Games Association">Island Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltarian_records_in_athletics" class="mw-redirect" title="Gibraltarian records in athletics">Records in athletics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Stadium,_Gibraltar" title="Victoria Stadium, Gibraltar">Victoria Stadium</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:red;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:National_symbols_of_Gibraltar" title="Category:National symbols of Gibraltar"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Symbols</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar_Anthem" title="Gibraltar Anthem">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Gibraltar" title="Coat of arms of Gibraltar">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Gibraltar" title="Flag of Gibraltar">Official flag</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_flags_of_Gibraltar" class="mw-redirect" title="List of flags of Gibraltar">other flags</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background:red;color:white;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span>  <a href="/wiki/Category:Gibraltar" title="Category:Gibraltar"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" 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