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class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%ADptic_consular" title="Díptic consular – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Díptic consular" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konsulardiptykon" title="Konsulardiptykon – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Konsulardiptykon" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konsulardiptychon" title="Konsulardiptychon – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Konsulardiptychon" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%ADptico_consular" title="Díptico consular – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Díptico consular" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diptyque_consulaire" title="Diptyque consulaire – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Diptyque consulaire" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dittico_consolare" title="Dittico consolare – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Dittico consolare" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diptychon_consulare" title="Diptychon consulare – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Diptychon consulare" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konsulinis_diptikas" title="Konsulinis diptikas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Konsulinis diptikas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consulaire_diptiek" title="Consulaire diptiek – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Consulaire diptiek" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B8" title="Консульские диптихи – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Консульские диптихи" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konzulski_diptih" title="Konzulski diptih – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Konzulski diptih" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A5" title="บานพับกงสุล – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="บานพับกงสุล" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kons%C3%BCl_dipti%C4%9Fi" title="Konsül diptiği – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Konsül diptiği" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2610015#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div 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searchaux" style="display:none">Type of Roman diptych to commemorate a consul</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Diptych_Areobindus_Louvre_OA9525.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Diptych_Areobindus_Louvre_OA9525.jpg/250px-Diptych_Areobindus_Louvre_OA9525.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Diptych_Areobindus_Louvre_OA9525.jpg/375px-Diptych_Areobindus_Louvre_OA9525.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Diptych_Areobindus_Louvre_OA9525.jpg/500px-Diptych_Areobindus_Louvre_OA9525.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>One of the consular diptychs of <a href="/wiki/Areobindus_Dagalaiphus_Areobindus" class="mw-redirect" title="Areobindus Dagalaiphus Areobindus">Areobindus Dagalaiphus Areobindus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roman_consul" title="Roman consul">consul</a> in 506, showing him in an <a href="/wiki/Imago_clipeata" title="Imago clipeata">imago clipeata</a> (<a href="/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre">Louvre</a>)</figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Late_Antiquity" class="mw-redirect" title="Late Antiquity">Late Antiquity</a>, a <b>consular diptych</b> was a type of <a href="/wiki/Diptych" title="Diptych">diptych</a> intended as a de-luxe commemorative object. The diptychs were generally in ivory, wood or metal and decorated with rich <a href="/wiki/Relief_sculpture" class="mw-redirect" title="Relief sculpture">relief sculpture</a>. A consular diptych was commissioned by a <a href="/wiki/Roman_consul#Under_the_Empire" title="Roman consul"><i>consul ordinarius</i></a> to mark his entry to that post, and was distributed as a commemorative reward to those who had supported his candidature or might support him in the future.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Consular_diptych&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Origins">Origins</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Consular_diptych&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Origins"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Magnus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Magnus.jpg/170px-Magnus.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="336" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Magnus.jpg/255px-Magnus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Magnus.jpg/340px-Magnus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="3158" /></a><figcaption>Consular diptych of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnus_(consul_518)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Magnus (consul 518) (page does not exist)">Magnus</a>, who was consul of <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a> in 518. He sits between figures representing Rome and Constantinople. <a href="/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre">Louvre</a></figcaption></figure> <p>From as early as the first century CE, some formal letters of appointment to office were known as <a href="/wiki/Codex" title="Codex">"codicilli", little books</a>, two or more flat pieces of (usually) wood, joined by clasps, lined with wax on which was written the letter of appointment. Later, the letter might be written on papyrus and presented within the covers. By the late fourth century, however, specially-commissioned diptychs began to be included among the gifts that appointees to high office distributed to celebrate and publicize the public games that were their principal duties.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These diptychs were made of ivory, with relief carvings on the outside chosen by the donor, looking superficially similar to codicils but containing no writing and with no official status.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The routine distribution of such diptychs in the East is marked by a decision by <a href="/wiki/Theodosius_I" title="Theodosius I">Theodosius I</a> in 384 to limit expenditure on the games of Constantinople by reserving ivory diptychs (and golden gifts) to consuls alone.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the western empire, they became a usual part of the public displays given by great aristocrats. <a href="/wiki/Quintus_Aurelius_Symmachus" title="Quintus Aurelius Symmachus">Quintus Aurelius Symmachus</a>, for example, distributed some to commemorate his son's <a href="/wiki/Quaestor" title="Quaestor">quaestorian</a> games in 393 and <a href="/wiki/Praetor" title="Praetor">praetorian</a> games in 401 respectively. Almost all depict the games, and on three separate occasions Symmachus links the presentation of these diptychs with the completion of the games.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Their end is marked by the consulship's disappearance under the reign of <a href="/wiki/Justinian" class="mw-redirect" title="Justinian">Justinian</a> in 541. </p><p>The oldest diptych that can properly be called a consular diptych, held in the <a href="/wiki/Cathedral_treasury" class="mw-redirect" title="Cathedral treasury">cathedral treasury</a> at <a href="/wiki/Aosta" title="Aosta">Aosta</a>, is one commissioned by Anicius Petronius Probus (he was a consul in the Western Empire in 406) – it is unique not only for its extreme antiquity but also as the only one to bear the portrait of the Emperor (<a href="/wiki/Honorius_(emperor)" title="Honorius (emperor)">Honorius</a> in this instance, to whom the diptych is dedicated in an inscription full of humility, with Probus calling himself the emperor's "<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/famulus" class="extiw" title="wikt:famulus">famulus</a>" or servant) rather than that of the consul. </p><p>Later, consular diptychs systematically carried either a more or less elaborate portrait of the consul on the most richly decorated examples or a dedicatory inscription to him within a geometric and vegetal scheme on the simpler examples. The simpler examples were probably produced as a series from models prepared in advance, with the more sophisticated (and thus more expensive) diptychs reserved for the inner circle of the Roman aristocracy. The workshops responsible for their production were to be found in the Empire's two capitals at <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a> and <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a>, but the <a href="/wiki/Fall_of_the_Western_Roman_Empire" title="Fall of the Western Roman Empire">fall of the Western Roman Empire</a> in 476 was probably responsible for the disappearance of western production at the end of the 5th century, with all surviving consular diptychs from the 6th century originating from Constantinople. The most common motif on 6th century consular diptychs from Constantinople shows the consul, standing, presiding over the consular games which marked his entry to the consulship. </p><p>By their very nature, consular diptychs are a valuable tool for the <a href="/wiki/Prosopography" title="Prosopography">prosopography</a> of the late Roman Empire as well as for the study of the art of this period. Large numbers of them have survived to the present day, in many cases due to their re-use as book covers for medieval ecclesiastical manuscripts. Some were also used in churches as grand bindings for lists of bishops and similar records.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Barberini_Ivory" class="mw-redirect" title="Barberini Ivory">Barberini Ivory</a> is a much rarer Imperial diptych, probably of <a href="/wiki/Justinian" class="mw-redirect" title="Justinian">Justinian</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Consular_diptych&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In chronological order of production (some shown with a single surviving panel): </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Diptych_of_Honorius.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Diptych of Anicius Petronius Probus, consul in 406, depicting emperor Honorius (oldest surviving example)"><img alt="Diptych of Anicius Petronius Probus, consul in 406, depicting emperor Honorius (oldest surviving example)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Diptych_of_Honorius.jpg/186px-Diptych_of_Honorius.jpg" decoding="async" width="186" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Diptych_of_Honorius.jpg/279px-Diptych_of_Honorius.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Diptych_of_Honorius.jpg/372px-Diptych_of_Honorius.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3075" data-file-height="3305" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Diptych of <a href="/wiki/Anicius_Petronius_Probus" title="Anicius Petronius Probus">Anicius Petronius Probus</a>, consul in 406, depicting emperor <a href="/wiki/Honorius_(emperor)" title="Honorius (emperor)">Honorius</a> (oldest surviving example)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Konsulardiptychon,_Domschatz_Halberstadt.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Diptych of Constantius III, produced for his consulate in 413 or 417."><img alt="Diptych of Constantius III, produced for his consulate in 413 or 417." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Konsulardiptychon%2C_Domschatz_Halberstadt.jpg/200px-Konsulardiptychon%2C_Domschatz_Halberstadt.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Konsulardiptychon%2C_Domschatz_Halberstadt.jpg/300px-Konsulardiptychon%2C_Domschatz_Halberstadt.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Konsulardiptychon%2C_Domschatz_Halberstadt.jpg/400px-Konsulardiptychon%2C_Domschatz_Halberstadt.jpg 2x" data-file-width="830" data-file-height="689" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Diptych" title="Diptych">Diptych</a> of <a href="/wiki/Constantius_III" title="Constantius III">Constantius III</a>, produced for his consulate in 413 or 417.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flavius_Felix_00.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Diptych of Felix, consul in 428"><img alt="Diptych of Felix, consul in 428" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Flavius_Felix_00.JPG/111px-Flavius_Felix_00.JPG" decoding="async" width="111" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Flavius_Felix_00.JPG/167px-Flavius_Felix_00.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Flavius_Felix_00.JPG/223px-Flavius_Felix_00.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1040" data-file-height="1864" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Diptych of <a href="/wiki/Felix_(consul_428)" title="Felix (consul 428)">Felix</a>, consul in 428</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:6061_-_Brescia_-_S._Giulia_-_Dittico_di_Boezio_-_Foto_Giovanni_Dall%27Orto,_25_Giu_2011_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Diptych of Manlius Boethius, consul in 487"><img alt="Diptych of Manlius Boethius, consul in 487" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/6061_-_Brescia_-_S._Giulia_-_Dittico_di_Boezio_-_Foto_Giovanni_Dall%27Orto%2C_25_Giu_2011_%28cropped%29.jpg/149px-6061_-_Brescia_-_S._Giulia_-_Dittico_di_Boezio_-_Foto_Giovanni_Dall%27Orto%2C_25_Giu_2011_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="149" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/6061_-_Brescia_-_S._Giulia_-_Dittico_di_Boezio_-_Foto_Giovanni_Dall%27Orto%2C_25_Giu_2011_%28cropped%29.jpg/223px-6061_-_Brescia_-_S._Giulia_-_Dittico_di_Boezio_-_Foto_Giovanni_Dall%27Orto%2C_25_Giu_2011_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/6061_-_Brescia_-_S._Giulia_-_Dittico_di_Boezio_-_Foto_Giovanni_Dall%27Orto%2C_25_Giu_2011_%28cropped%29.jpg/297px-6061_-_Brescia_-_S._Giulia_-_Dittico_di_Boezio_-_Foto_Giovanni_Dall%27Orto%2C_25_Giu_2011_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1124" data-file-height="1511" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Diptych of <a href="/wiki/Manlius_Boethius" title="Manlius Boethius">Manlius Boethius</a>, consul in 487</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flavius_Achilius_Sividius_00.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Diptych of Rufius Achilius Sividius, consul in 488"><img alt="Diptych of Rufius Achilius Sividius, consul in 488" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flavius_Achilius_Sividius_00.JPG/71px-Flavius_Achilius_Sividius_00.JPG" decoding="async" width="71" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flavius_Achilius_Sividius_00.JPG/107px-Flavius_Achilius_Sividius_00.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flavius_Achilius_Sividius_00.JPG/142px-Flavius_Achilius_Sividius_00.JPG 2x" data-file-width="713" data-file-height="1999" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Diptych of <a href="/wiki/Rufius_Achilius_Sividius" title="Rufius Achilius Sividius">Rufius Achilius Sividius</a>, consul in 488</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fran%C3%A7oise_Foliot_-_Ouverture_des_Jeux_du_cirque_%C3%A0_Constantinople_en_506_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Diptych of Areobindus Dagalaiphus Areobindus, consul in 506"><img alt="Diptych of Areobindus Dagalaiphus Areobindus, consul in 506" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Fran%C3%A7oise_Foliot_-_Ouverture_des_Jeux_du_cirque_%C3%A0_Constantinople_en_506_%28cropped%29.jpg/76px-Fran%C3%A7oise_Foliot_-_Ouverture_des_Jeux_du_cirque_%C3%A0_Constantinople_en_506_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="76" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Fran%C3%A7oise_Foliot_-_Ouverture_des_Jeux_du_cirque_%C3%A0_Constantinople_en_506_%28cropped%29.jpg/114px-Fran%C3%A7oise_Foliot_-_Ouverture_des_Jeux_du_cirque_%C3%A0_Constantinople_en_506_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Fran%C3%A7oise_Foliot_-_Ouverture_des_Jeux_du_cirque_%C3%A0_Constantinople_en_506_%28cropped%29.jpg/152px-Fran%C3%A7oise_Foliot_-_Ouverture_des_Jeux_du_cirque_%C3%A0_Constantinople_en_506_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1899" data-file-height="4981" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Diptych of <a href="/wiki/Areobindus_Dagalaiphus_Areobindus" class="mw-redirect" title="Areobindus Dagalaiphus Areobindus">Areobindus Dagalaiphus Areobindus</a>, consul in 506</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Leaf_diptych_Flavius_Anastasius_VandA_368-1871.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Diptych of Anastasius, consul in 517 (London)"><img alt="Diptych of Anastasius, consul in 517 (London)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Leaf_diptych_Flavius_Anastasius_VandA_368-1871.jpg/86px-Leaf_diptych_Flavius_Anastasius_VandA_368-1871.jpg" decoding="async" width="86" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Leaf_diptych_Flavius_Anastasius_VandA_368-1871.jpg/128px-Leaf_diptych_Flavius_Anastasius_VandA_368-1871.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Leaf_diptych_Flavius_Anastasius_VandA_368-1871.jpg/171px-Leaf_diptych_Flavius_Anastasius_VandA_368-1871.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1748" data-file-height="4073" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Diptych of <a href="/wiki/Anastasius_(consul_517)" title="Anastasius (consul 517)">Anastasius</a>, consul in 517 (London)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flavius_Anastasius_Probus_00a.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Diptych of Anastasius, consul in 517 (Paris)"><img alt="Diptych of Anastasius, consul in 517 (Paris)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Flavius_Anastasius_Probus_00a.JPG/125px-Flavius_Anastasius_Probus_00a.JPG" decoding="async" width="125" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Flavius_Anastasius_Probus_00a.JPG/187px-Flavius_Anastasius_Probus_00a.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Flavius_Anastasius_Probus_00a.JPG/250px-Flavius_Anastasius_Probus_00a.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1164" data-file-height="1864" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Diptych of Anastasius, consul in 517 (Paris)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ivory_diptych_Justinian_Met_17.190.52-53.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Diptych of Justinian, consul in 521"><img alt="Diptych of Justinian, consul in 521" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Ivory_diptych_Justinian_Met_17.190.52-53.jpg/188px-Ivory_diptych_Justinian_Met_17.190.52-53.jpg" decoding="async" width="188" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Ivory_diptych_Justinian_Met_17.190.52-53.jpg/283px-Ivory_diptych_Justinian_Met_17.190.52-53.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Ivory_diptych_Justinian_Met_17.190.52-53.jpg/377px-Ivory_diptych_Justinian_Met_17.190.52-53.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2700" data-file-height="2866" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Diptych of Justinian, consul in 521</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Theodorus_Philoxenus_Sotericus_A_00.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Diptych of Theodore Philoxenus, consul in 525"><img alt="Diptych of Theodore Philoxenus, consul in 525" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Theodorus_Philoxenus_Sotericus_A_00.JPG/169px-Theodorus_Philoxenus_Sotericus_A_00.JPG" decoding="async" width="169" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Theodorus_Philoxenus_Sotericus_A_00.JPG/254px-Theodorus_Philoxenus_Sotericus_A_00.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Theodorus_Philoxenus_Sotericus_A_00.JPG/339px-Theodorus_Philoxenus_Sotericus_A_00.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1308" data-file-height="1543" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Diptych of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Theodorus_Philoxenus_Soterichus_Philoxenus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Theodorus Philoxenus Soterichus Philoxenus (page does not exist)">Theodore Philoxenus</a>, consul in 525</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Theodorus_Philoxenus_Sotericus_B_00.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Diptych of Theodore Philoxenus, consul in 525"><img alt="Diptych of Theodore Philoxenus, consul in 525" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Theodorus_Philoxenus_Sotericus_B_00.JPG/142px-Theodorus_Philoxenus_Sotericus_B_00.JPG" decoding="async" width="142" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Theodorus_Philoxenus_Sotericus_B_00.JPG/213px-Theodorus_Philoxenus_Sotericus_B_00.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Theodorus_Philoxenus_Sotericus_B_00.JPG/283px-Theodorus_Philoxenus_Sotericus_B_00.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1452" data-file-height="2048" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Diptych of Theodore Philoxenus, consul in 525</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dittico_consolare_di_giustino,_costantinopoli,_540.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Diptych of Justin, consul in 540 (last surviving example)"><img alt="Diptych of Justin, consul in 540 (last surviving example)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Dittico_consolare_di_giustino%2C_costantinopoli%2C_540.JPG/158px-Dittico_consolare_di_giustino%2C_costantinopoli%2C_540.JPG" decoding="async" width="158" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Dittico_consolare_di_giustino%2C_costantinopoli%2C_540.JPG/238px-Dittico_consolare_di_giustino%2C_costantinopoli%2C_540.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Dittico_consolare_di_giustino%2C_costantinopoli%2C_540.JPG/317px-Dittico_consolare_di_giustino%2C_costantinopoli%2C_540.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1501" data-file-height="1893" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Diptych of <a href="/wiki/Justin_(consul_540)" title="Justin (consul 540)">Justin</a>, consul in 540 (last surviving example)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Consular_diptych&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">p178. The origin, context, and function of consular diptychs. Alan Cameron, in memory of Tally Kampen. Journal of Roman Studies 103 (2013) pp. 174–207.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">p. 182. The origin, context, and function of consular diptychs. Alan Cameron, in memory of Tally Kampen. Journal of Roman Studies 103 (2013) pp. 174–207.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">pp. 185–194. The origin, context, and function of consular diptychs. Alan Cameron, in memory of Tally Kampen. Journal of Roman Studies 103 (2013) pp. 174–207.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cod. Theod. 15.9.1, p. 181 of The origin, context, and function of consular diptychs. Alan Cameron, in memory of Tally Kampen. Journal of Roman Studies 103 (2013) pp. 174–207.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">p. 182 of: The origin, context, and function of consular diptychs. Alan Cameron, in memory of Tally Kampen. Journal of Roman Studies 103 (2013) pp. 174–207.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Medieval Italy, an Encyclopedia</i>, p. 566, Christopher Kleinhenz ed. Routledge, 2004, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-415-93930-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-415-93930-5">0-415-93930-5</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-93930-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-93930-0">978-0-415-93930-0</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Consular_diptych&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Consular_diptychs" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Consular diptychs">Consular diptychs</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li>Alexander Kazhdan (editor), <i>The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium</i>, 3 vols., Oxford University Press, 1991 (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0195046528" title="Special:BookSources/0195046528">0195046528</a>), s. v. "Diptych", vol. 1, 636–637.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKiilerich1993" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Bente_Kiilerich" title="Bente Kiilerich">Kiilerich, Bente</a> (1993). <i>Late Fourth Century Classicism in the Plastic Arts: Studies in the So-called Theodosian Renaissance</i>. Odense University Classical Studies 18. Odense University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/87-7492-929-1" title="Special:BookSources/87-7492-929-1"><bdi>87-7492-929-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Late+Fourth+Century+Classicism+in+the+Plastic+Arts%3A+Studies+in+the+So-called+Theodosian+Renaissance&rft.series=Odense+University+Classical+Studies+18&rft.pub=Odense+University+Press&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=87-7492-929-1&rft.aulast=Kiilerich&rft.aufirst=Bente&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConsular+diptych" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dani%C3%A8le_Gaborit-Chopin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Danièle Gaborit-Chopin (page does not exist)">Danièle Gaborit-Chopin</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dani%C3%A8le_Gaborit-Chopin" class="extiw" title="fr:Danièle Gaborit-Chopin">fr</a>]</span>, "Les ivoires du Ve au VIIIe siècle" in J. Durant (éd.), <i>Byzance, l'art byzantin dans les collections publiques françaises</i> (catalogue of an exhibition at the Louvre, 3 November 1992 – 1 February 1993), Paris, 1993, 42–45. <span class="languageicon">(in French)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Delbr%C3%BCck" title="Richard Delbrück">Richard Delbrück</a>, <i>Die Consulardiptychen : und verwandte Denkmäler</i>, Berlin, 1929. <span class="languageicon">(in German)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCameron2013" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Alan_Cameron_(classicist)" title="Alan Cameron (classicist)">Cameron, Alan</a> (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/25033864">"Origin, Context and Function of Consular Diptychs"</a>. <i>Journal of Roman Studies</i>. <b>103</b>: 174–207. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0075435813000099">10.1017/S0075435813000099</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:162284518">162284518</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Roman+Studies&rft.atitle=Origin%2C+Context+and+Function+of+Consular+Diptychs&rft.volume=103&rft.pages=174-207&rft.date=2013&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0075435813000099&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A162284518%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Cameron&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F25033864&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConsular+diptych" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Consular_diptych&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Weitzmann" title="Kurt Weitzmann">Weitzmann, Kurt</a>, ed., <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://libmma.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p15324coll10/id/156533">Age of spirituality : late antique and early Christian art, third to seventh century</a></i>, nos. 45–51 & 88, 1979, <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art" title="Metropolitan Museum of Art">Metropolitan Museum of Art</a>, New York, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780870991790" title="Special:BookSources/9780870991790">9780870991790</a>; full text available online from The Metropolitan Museum of Art Libraries</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Consular_diptych&oldid=1230664711">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Consular_diptych&oldid=1230664711</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:4th-century_establishments_in_the_Roman_Empire" title="Category:4th-century establishments in the Roman Empire">4th-century establishments in the Roman Empire</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:6th-century_disestablishments_in_the_Byzantine_Empire" title="Category:6th-century disestablishments in the Byzantine Empire">6th-century disestablishments in the Byzantine Empire</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Late_Roman_Empire_art" title="Category:Late Roman Empire art">Late Roman Empire art</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ivory_works_of_art" title="Category:Ivory works of art">Ivory works of art</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Byzantine_sculpture" title="Category:Byzantine sculpture">Byzantine sculpture</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Consular_diptychs" title="Category:Consular diptychs">Consular diptychs</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link is on Wikidata">Commons category link is on Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_French-language_sources_(fr)" title="Category:Articles with French-language sources (fr)">Articles with French-language sources (fr)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_German-language_sources_(de)" title="Category:Articles with German-language sources (de)">Articles with German-language sources (de)</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 24 June 2024, at 00:38<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; 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