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class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sit"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Kontenut" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Kontenut</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mexxi għall-ġenb</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">aħbi</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Bidu</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Perspettivi_Soċjoloġiċi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Perspettivi_Soċjoloġiċi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Perspettivi Soċjoloġiċi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Perspettivi_Soċjoloġiċi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Uri jew aħbi s-sottosezzjoni Perspettivi Soċjoloġiċi</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Perspettivi_Soċjoloġiċi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Il-Kultura_u_s-Soċjetà" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Il-Kultura_u_s-Soċjetà"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Il-Kultura u s-Soċjetà</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Il-Kultura_u_s-Soċjetà-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Żvilupp_tas-Soċjetajiet_Umani" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Żvilupp_tas-Soċjetajiet_Umani"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Żvilupp tas-Soċjetajiet Umani</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Żvilupp_tas-Soċjetajiet_Umani-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Soċjetajiet_Pre-Moderni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Soċjetajiet_Pre-Moderni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.1</span> <span>Soċjetajiet Pre-Moderni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Soċjetajiet_Pre-Moderni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Soċjetajiet_Industrijali_Moderni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Soċjetajiet_Industrijali_Moderni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.2</span> <span>Soċjetajiet Industrijali Moderni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Soċjetajiet_Industrijali_Moderni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-Modernità" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-Modernità"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.3</span> <span>Post-Modernità</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-Modernità-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Teoriji_tas-Soċjetà" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Teoriji_tas-Soċjetà"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Teoriji tas-Soċjetà</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Teoriji_tas-Soċjetà-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Funzjonaliżmu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Funzjonaliżmu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.1</span> <span>Funzjonaliżmu</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Funzjonaliżmu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Perspettivi_ta'_Konflitt" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Perspettivi_ta'_Konflitt"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.2</span> <span>Perspettivi ta' Konflitt</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Perspettivi_ta'_Konflitt-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Marxiżmu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Marxiżmu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Marxiżmu</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Marxiżmu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Kontenut" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Werrej" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aħbi jew uri l-werrej" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Aħbi jew uri l-werrej</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Soċjoloġija</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Żur artiklu f'lingwa differenti. Disponibbli fi 168 lingwi" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-168" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">168 lingwi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosiologie" title="Sosiologie – Afrikans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Sosiologie" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soziologie" title="Soziologie – Ġermaniż tal-Iżvizzera" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Soziologie" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Ġermaniż tal-Iżvizzera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%A8%E1%89%A3%E1%88%95%E1%88%8D_%E1%8C%A5%E1%8A%93%E1%89%B5" title="የባሕል ጥናት – Amhariku" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="የባሕል ጥናት" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amhariku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socioloch%C3%ADa" title="Sociolochía – Aragoniż" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Sociolochía" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragoniż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B9" title="علم الاجتماع – Għarbi" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="علم الاجتماع" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Għarbi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="سوسيولوجيا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="سوسيولوجيا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC" title="সমাজতত্ত্ব – Assamiż" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="সমাজতত্ত্ব" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociolox%C3%ADa" title="Socioloxía – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Socioloxía" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosiologiya" title="Sosiologiya – Ażerbajġani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Sosiologiya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Ażerbajġani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%BE%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85%E2%80%8C%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C" title="توپلوم‌بیلیمی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="توپلوم‌بیلیمی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Социология – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Социология" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suoc%C4%93luog%C4%97j%C4%97" title="Suocēluogėjė – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Suocēluogėjė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosyolohiya" title="Sosyolohiya – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Sosyolohiya" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Сацыялогія – Belarussu" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Сацыялогія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Сацыялёгія – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Сацыялёгія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%88lmu_kemasarakatan" title="Èlmu kemasarakatan – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Èlmu kemasarakatan" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Социология – Bulgaru" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Социология" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="समाजशास्त्र – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="समाजशास्त्र" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaji_masarakat" title="Kaji masarakat – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Kaji masarakat" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="সমাজবিজ্ঞান – Bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সমাজবিজ্ঞান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%A4%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%9A%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%94%E0%BC%8D" title="སྤྱི་ཚོགས་རིག་པ། – Tibetjan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="སྤྱི་ཚོགས་རིག་པ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="vetrina"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologija" title="Sociologija – Bożnijaku" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Sociologija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bożnijaku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologia" title="Sociologia – Katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Sociologia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosyolohiya" title="Sosyolohiya – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Sosyolohiya" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%86%D9%85%DB%95%DA%B5%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="کۆمەڵناسی – Kurd Ċentrali" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کۆمەڵناسی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kurd Ċentrali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suciolugia" title="Suciolugia – Korsiku" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Suciolugia" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Korsiku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologie" title="Sociologie – Ċek" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Sociologie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Ċek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8" title="Социологи – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Социологи" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cymdeithaseg" title="Cymdeithaseg – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Cymdeithaseg" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologi" title="Sociologi – Daniż" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Sociologi" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Daniż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soziologie" title="Soziologie – Ġermaniż" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Soziologie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Ġermaniż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosyolociye" title="Sosyolociye – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Sosyolociye" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosiologi" title="Sosiologi – Central Dusun" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Sosiologi" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="Central Dusun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kadazandusun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Κοινωνιολογία – Grieg" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κοινωνιολογία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociolog%C3%ACa" title="Sociologìa – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Sociologìa" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociology" title="Sociology – Ingliż" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Sociology" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Ingliż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologio" title="Sociologio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Sociologio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociolog%C3%ADa" title="Sociología – Spanjol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Sociología" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanjol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sotsioloogia" title="Sotsioloogia – Estonjan" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Sotsioloogia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soziologia" title="Soziologia – Bask" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Soziologia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Bask" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologia" title="Sociologia – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Sociologia" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="جامعه‌شناسی – Persjan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جامعه‌شناسی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosiologia" title="Sosiologia – Finlandiż" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sosiologia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finlandiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sotsioloogia" title="Sotsioloogia – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Sotsioloogia" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociology" title="Sociology – Fiġjan" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Sociology" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fiġjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologie" title="Sociologie – Franċiż" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Sociologie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Franċiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologia" title="Sociologia – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Sociologia" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosjologii" title="Sosjologii – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Sosjologii" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologjie" title="Sociologjie – Frijuljan" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Sociologjie" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Frijuljan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosjology" title="Sosjology – Frisian tal-Punent" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Sosjology" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Frisian tal-Punent" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socheola%C3%ADocht" title="Socheolaíocht – Irlandiż" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Socheolaíocht" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irlandiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E5%AD%B8" title="社會學 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="社會學" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosyoloji" title="Sosyoloji – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Sosyoloji" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/E%C3%B2las-comainn" title="Eòlas-comainn – Galliku Skoċċiż" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Eòlas-comainn" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Galliku Skoċċiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociolox%C3%ADa" title="Socioloxía – Galiċjan" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Socioloxía" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galiċjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avarekokuaaty" title="Avarekokuaaty – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Avarekokuaaty" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B6%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A4%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0" title="સમાજશાસ્ત્ર – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="સમાજશાસ્ત્ર" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheshoaylleeaght" title="Sheshoaylleeaght – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Sheshoaylleeaght" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimiyar_al%27umma" title="Kimiyar al'umma – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Kimiyar al'umma" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%92%D7%99%D7%94" title="סוציולוגיה – Ebrajk" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סוציולוגיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ebrajk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="समाजशास्त्र – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="समाजशास्त्र" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologija" title="Sociologija – Kroat" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Sociologija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosyoloji" title="Sosyoloji – Creole ta’ Haiti" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Sosyoloji" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Creole ta’ Haiti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szociol%C3%B3gia" title="Szociológia – Ungeriż" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Szociológia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Ungeriż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%B8%D6%81%D5%AB%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%B8%D5%A3%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Սոցիոլոգիա – Armen" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սոցիոլոգիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologia" title="Sociologia – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Sociologia" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosiologi" title="Sosiologi – Iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Sosiologi" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="Iban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosiologi" title="Sosiologi – Indoneżjan" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Sosiologi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indoneżjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologie" title="Sociologie – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Sociologie" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologio" title="Sociologio – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Sociologio" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%A9lagsfr%C3%A6%C3%B0i" title="Félagsfræði – Iżlandiż" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Félagsfræði" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Iżlandiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologia" title="Sociologia – Taljan" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Sociologia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Taljan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E5%AD%A6" title="社会学 – Ġappuniż" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="社会学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Ġappuniż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suosialaji" title="Suosialaji – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Suosialaji" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosiologi" title="Sosiologi – Ġavaniż" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Sosiologi" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Ġavaniż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%92%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="სოციოლოგია – Ġorġjan" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სოციოლოგია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Ġorġjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%98%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%83" title="Әлеуметтану – Każak" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Әлеуметтану" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Każak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%84%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%82%E1%9E%98%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%91%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%99%E1%9E%B6" title="សង្គមវិទ្យា – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="សង្គមវិទ្យា" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%B6%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0" title="ಸಮಾಜಶಾಸ್ತ್ರ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸಮಾಜಶಾಸ್ತ್ರ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%82%AC%ED%9A%8C%ED%95%99" title="사회학 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="사회학" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Социология – Karachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Социология" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachay-Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civaknas%C3%AE" title="Civaknasî – Kurd" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Civaknasî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurd" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologia" title="Sociologia – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Sociologia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosiolojiya" title="Sosiolojiya – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Sosiolojiya" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soziologie" title="Soziologie – Lussemburgiż" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Soziologie" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Lussemburgiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosiolojia" title="Sosiolojia – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Sosiolojia" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologie" title="Sociologie – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Sociologie" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B2ciologia" title="Sòciologia – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Sòciologia" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soziologia" title="Soziologia – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Soziologia" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologia" title="Sociologia – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Sociologia" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%87%E0%BA%84%E0%BA%BB%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%8D%E0%BA%B2" title="ສັງຄົມວິທະຍາ – Laosjan" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ສັງຄົມວິທະຍາ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Laosjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologija" title="Sociologija – Litwan" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Sociologija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litwan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociolo%C4%A3ija" title="Socioloģija – Latvjan" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Socioloģija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B4si%C3%B4l%C3%B4jia" title="Sôsiôlôjia – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Sôsiôlôjia" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Социологий – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Социологий" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Социологија – Maċedonjan" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Социологија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Maċedonjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82" title="സമൂഹശാസ്ത്രം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സമൂഹശാസ്ത്രം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="समाजशास्त्र – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="समाजशास्त्र" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosiologi" title="Sosiologi – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Sosiologi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologie" title="Sociologie – Mirandiż" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Sociologie" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9C%E1%80%B0%E1%80%99%E1%80%BE%E1%80%AF%E1%80%97%E1%80%B1%E1%80%92" title="လူမှုဗေဒ – Burmiż" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="လူမှုဗေဒ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soziologie" title="Soziologie – Ġermaniż Komuni" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Soziologie" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Ġermaniż Komuni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosjologie" title="Sosjologie – Sassonu Komuni" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Sosjologie" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Sassonu Komuni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="समाजशास्त्र – Nepaliż" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="समाजशास्त्र" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepaliż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="समाजशास्त्र – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="समाजशास्त्र" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologie" title="Sociologie – Olandiż" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Sociologie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Olandiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosiologi" title="Sosiologi – Ninorsk Norveġiż" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Sosiologi" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Ninorsk Norveġiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosiologi" title="Sosiologi – Bokmal Norveġiż" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sosiologi" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmal Norveġiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosiologia" title="Sosiologia – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Sosiologia" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologie" title="Sociologie – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Sociologie" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologia" title="Sociologia – Oċċitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Sociologia" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Oċċitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xiwwaasa" title="Xiwwaasa – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Xiwwaasa" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%B8%E0%AC%AE%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%9C_%E0%AC%AC%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%9C%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%9E%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%A8" title="ସମାଜ ବିଜ୍ଞାନ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ସମାଜ ବିଜ୍ଞାନ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8" title="Социологи – Ossettiku" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Социологи" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossettiku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%9C_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%B0" title="ਸਮਾਜ ਸ਼ਾਸਤਰ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸਮਾਜ ਸ਼ਾਸਤਰ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosiologia" title="Sosiologia – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Sosiologia" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociolodjie" title="Sociolodjie – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Sociolodjie" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socjologia" title="Socjologia – Pollakk" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Socjologia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pollakk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="عمرانیات – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="عمرانیات" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BC%D9%88%D9%84%D9%86%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%87%D9%86%D9%87" title="ټولنپوهنه – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ټولنپوهنه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologia" title="Sociologia – Portugiż" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Sociologia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologie" title="Sociologie – Rumen" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Sociologie" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="vetrina"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Социология – Russu" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Социология" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D2%91%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Соціолоґія – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Соціолоґія" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D" title="समाजशास्त्रम् – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="समाजशास्त्रम्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Социология – Sakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Социология" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Sakha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="vetrina"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sotziologia" title="Sotziologia – Sardinjan" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Sotziologia" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suciulugg%C3%ACa" title="Suciuluggìa – Sqalli" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Suciuluggìa" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sqalli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociology" title="Sociology – Skoċċiż" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Sociology" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Skoċċiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="سماجيات – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="سماجيات" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologija" title="Sociologija – Serbo-Kroat" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Sociologija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Kroat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasnamunt" title="Tasnamunt – Tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Tasnamunt" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="Tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociology" title="Sociology – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Sociology" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociol%C3%B3gia" title="Sociológia – Slovakk" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Sociológia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovakk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologija" title="Sociologija – Sloven" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Sociologija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloven" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruambanzanga" title="Ruambanzanga – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Ruambanzanga" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologjia" title="Sociologjia – Albaniż" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Sociologjia" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albaniż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Социологија – Serb" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Социологија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serb" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosiologi" title="Sosiologi – Sundaniż" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Sosiologi" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundaniż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociologi" title="Sociologi – Żvediż" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Sociologi" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Żvediż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elimujamii" title="Elimujamii – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Elimujamii" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="சமூகவியல் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சமூகவியல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95_%E0%B0%B6%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82" title="సామాజిక శాస్త్రం – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="సామాజిక శాస్త్రం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%B6%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D3%A3" title="Ҷомеашиносӣ – Taġik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ҷомеашиносӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Taġik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2" title="สังคมวิทยา – Tajlandiż" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สังคมวิทยา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Tajlandiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosiologi%C3%BDa" title="Sosiologiýa – Turkmeni" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Sosiologiýa" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmeni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosyolohiya" title="Sosyolohiya – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Sosyolohiya" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosiolosi" title="Sosiolosi – Tok Pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Sosiolosi" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="Tok Pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosyoloji" title="Sosyoloji – Tork" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Sosyoloji" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Tork" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Социология – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Социология" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DB%95%D9%85%D8%A6%D9%89%D9%8A%DB%95%D8%AA%D8%B4%DB%87%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%89%D9%82" title="جەمئىيەتشۇناسلىق – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="جەمئىيەتشۇناسلىق" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Соціологія – Ukren" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Соціологія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukren" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="عمرانیات – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="عمرانیات" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sotsiologiya" title="Sotsiologiya – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Sotsiologiya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socio%C5%82ozia" title="Sociołozia – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Sociołozia" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/X%C3%A3_h%E1%BB%99i_h%E1%BB%8Dc" title="Xã hội học – Vjetnamiż" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Xã hội học" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vjetnamiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosyolohiya" title="Sosyolohiya – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Sosyolohiya" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E5%AD%A6" title="社会学 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="社会学" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISosioloji" title="ISosioloji – Xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="ISosioloji" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="Xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%92%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="სოციოლოგია – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="სოციოლოგია" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%90%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%92%D7%99%D7%A2" title="סאציאלאגיע – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="סאציאלאגיע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8C%E1%B9%A3e%E1%BB%8D%CC%80r%E1%BB%8D%CC%80%C3%A0w%C3%B9j%E1%BB%8D" title="Ìṣeọ̀rọ̀àwùjọ – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Ìṣeọ̀rọ̀àwùjọ" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociolohie" title="Sociolohie – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Sociolohie" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%A1%E2%B5%A1%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%94:%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%99%E2%B5%8F%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8E%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%8F%E2%B5%9C" title="ⴰⵡⵡⵓⵔ:ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ – Tamazight Standard tal-Marokk" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⴰⵡⵡⵓⵔ:ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Tamazight Standard tal-Marokk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E5%AD%A6" title="社会学 – Ċiniż" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="社会学" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Ċiniż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E5%AD%B8" title="社會學 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="社會學" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Si%C4%81-ho%C4%93-ha%CC%8Dk" title="Siā-hoē-ha̍k – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Siā-hoē-ha̍k" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E5%AD%B8" title="社會學 – Kantoniż" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="社會學" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantoniż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q21201#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Immodifika l-ħoloq interlingwi" class="wbc-editpage">Immodifika l-ħoloq</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Spazji tal-isem"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/So%C4%8Bjolo%C4%A1ija" title="Uri l-paġna ta' kontenut [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Paġna</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="mt" dir="ltr"><table class="metadata plainlinks ambox ambox-style" style=""> <tbody><tr> <td class="mbox-image"><div style="width: 52px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Wikitext.svg/50px-Wikitext.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Wikitext.svg/75px-Wikitext.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Wikitext.svg/100px-Wikitext.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="78" /></span></span></div></td> <td class="mbox-text" style=""> Dan l-artiklu <b>għandu bżonn jiġi <a href="/wiki/Wikipedija:Glossarju#Wikifikazzjoni" title="Wikipedija:Glossarju">wikifikat</a></b> biex jaqbel mal-<a href="/wiki/G%C4%A7ajnuna:Manwal_tal-istil" class="mw-redirect" title="Għajnuna:Manwal tal-istil">istandard tal-Wikipedija</a>. B'mod partikolari, dan l-artiklu huwa nieqes minn referenzi għal sorsi esterni li jivverifikaw il-fatti u perspettivi dwar is-suġġett. Jekk jogħġbok <a class="external text" href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=So%C4%8Bjolo%C4%A1ija&action=edit">għin</a> biex ittejjeb dan l-artiklu skont il-konvenzjonijiet tal-Wikipedija. </td> </tr> </tbody></table> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Perspettivi_Soċjoloġiċi"><span id="Perspettivi_So.C4.8Bjolo.C4.A1i.C4.8Bi"></span>Perspettivi Soċjoloġiċi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=So%C4%8Bjolo%C4%A1ija&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Perspettivi Soċjoloġiċi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=So%C4%8Bjolo%C4%A1ija&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Perspettivi Soċjoloġiċi"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Il-Kultura_u_s-Soċjetà"><span id="Il-Kultura_u_s-So.C4.8Bjet.C3.A0"></span>Il-Kultura u s-Soċjetà</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=So%C4%8Bjolo%C4%A1ija&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Il-Kultura u s-Soċjetà" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=So%C4%8Bjolo%C4%A1ija&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Il-Kultura u s-Soċjetà"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ralph_Linton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ralph Linton (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Ralph Linton</a> jara' l-kultura bħala t-triq tal-ħajja maqsuma bejn il-membri tas-soċjetà. Din tiġi mgħalma u hi parti vitali fis-soċjetà umana. Il-kulturi vvarjaw bejn soċjetà u oħra. Pereżempju, xi soċjetajiet jippratikaw il-ġeronitiċidja (fejn joqtlu l-persuni xjuħ). L-Aboriġini Tasmanjani, pereżempju, ġieli jħallu l-anzjani jmutu. </p> <ul><li>Soċjaliżazzjoni: hu l-proċess li minnu titgħallem il-kultura, u din tkompli matul il-ħajja. Hi essenzjali għal partiċipazzjoni fis-soċjetà umana; persuni li ma jiġux soċjaliżatti - eż. il-'wolf-children' ta' Midnapore - issibuha diffiċli ħafna biex jaddotaw mas-soċjetà umana.</li></ul> <ul><li>Soċjaliżazzjoni primarja: hi l-ewwel fażi, normalment isir fil-familja.</li></ul> <ul><li>Gruppi 'Peer' (gruppi ta' l-istess età u status): is-sistema edukazzjonali u x-xogħol huma aġenti għas-soċjaliżazzjoni sekondarja.</li></ul> <ul><li>Valuri: huma linji ta' gwieda ġenerali dwar xiex jitqies tajjeb jew ħażin għas-soċjetà.</li></ul> <ul><li>Normi: huma gwiedi speċifiċi lejn xi azzjoni li tiġi minn valuri ġenerali. Normi jiġu spjegati, pereżempju, meta huwa aċċettat li tneħi l-ħwejjeġ. In-normi jiġu kontrollati b'sanzjoniet negativi (kastigi) jew sanzjoniet positivi (premji).</li></ul> <ul><li>Status huwa l-pożizzjoni soċjali, bħal tabib, għalliem, student, mara tad-dar, raġel, membru ta' xi grupp etniku, addoloxent u oħrajn. Ċertu status jiġu mit-twelied, eżempju: l-istatus ta' mara jew raġel; u oħrajn taħdem għalihom, eżempju: l-istatus ta' xogħlijiet differenti.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Żvilupp_tas-Soċjetajiet_Umani"><span id=".C5.BBvilupp_tas-So.C4.8Bjetajiet_Umani"></span>Żvilupp tas-Soċjetajiet Umani</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=So%C4%8Bjolo%C4%A1ija&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Żvilupp tas-Soċjetajiet Umani" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=So%C4%8Bjolo%C4%A1ija&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Żvilupp tas-Soċjetajiet Umani"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ċertu soċjoloġisti jaraw is-soċjetajiet li għaddew minn ċertu stadji ta' żvilupp, bħal pre-moderni, moderni u post-moderni. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Soċjetajiet_Pre-Moderni"><span id="So.C4.8Bjetajiet_Pre-Moderni"></span>Soċjetajiet Pre-Moderni</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=So%C4%8Bjolo%C4%A1ija&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Soċjetajiet Pre-Moderni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=So%C4%8Bjolo%C4%A1ija&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Soċjetajiet Pre-Moderni"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Anthony Giddens (1997) qasam is-soċjetajiet f'tliet tipi: </p> <ul><li>Soċjetajiet ta' kaċċa u biedja, ibbażati fuq il-kaċċa għall-annimali u jaqtgħu l-frott u l-ħxejjex.</li> <li>Soċjetahiet ta' trobbija fejn jirgħaw l-annimali u jaħdmu fl-agrikoltura</li> <li>Ċiviliżazzjoniet mhux industrijali, bħal l-'Aztecs', l-Eġizzjani tal-Qedem, il-Griegi u r-Rumani</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Soċjetajiet_Industrijali_Moderni"><span id="So.C4.8Bjetajiet_Industrijali_Moderni"></span>Soċjetajiet Industrijali Moderni</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=So%C4%8Bjolo%C4%A1ija&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Soċjetajiet Industrijali Moderni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=So%C4%8Bjolo%C4%A1ija&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Soċjetajiet Industrijali Moderni"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dawn bdew jiżvilupaw fl-aħħar tas-seklu tmintax u dsatax. Lee u Newby (1983) ħarġu b'erbgħa fatturi: </p> <ul><li>Industrijaliżmu - ir-Revoluzjoni Industrijali bdiet f'tmiem is-seklu tmintax. Dan kabbar il-poter prodottiv uman u naqqas il-mod ta' kif tinbidel il-ħajja soċjali.</li></ul> <ul><li>Kapitaliżmu - jinvolvi fih l-impjieg tal-ħaddiem bħall-pagi u negozji li jimxu fuq il-qliegħ</li></ul> <ul><li>Urbaniżmu - irriżulta meta l-popolazzjoni bdiet tikber u tgħix fl-ibliet u l-irħula.</li></ul> <ul><li>Demokrazija Liberali - fejn ħadet post il-monarkija, tgħat dritt lil poplu biex isemmi leħnu fis-soċjetà.</li></ul> <p>Dan it-tibdil t'hawn fuq ikrea modernità, li jinvolvi twemmin f'pjan t'abilita, biex isolvu l-problemi jużaw ix-xjenza u t-teknoloġija. Xi wħud jaraw is-soċjoloġija li hi nvoluta fil-qrib mal-modernita. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Post-Modernità"><span id="Post-Modernit.C3.A0"></span>Post-Modernità</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=So%C4%8Bjolo%C4%A1ija&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Post-Modernità" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=So%C4%8Bjolo%C4%A1ija&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Post-Modernità"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>il-Post-modernità jingħad minn xi soċjoloġisti li qed jibdel il-modernità. </p> <ul><li>Il-post-modernità tiprova li tnaqas il-fidi fix-xjenza u r-razzjonalità, u tnaqas it-twemmin lejn il-progress u tkabar ix-xettiżmu dwar xi teoriji li jgħidu li jiproduċu futur aħjar.</li></ul> <ul><li>Xi twemmien non-razzjonali (bħal twemmin Era Ġdida (New Age)) sar aktar popolari. Skond xi post-modernisti, it-tibdil huwa ħaġa waħda mal-ekonomija post-industrijali (eknomija bbażata fuq servizz jew informazzjoni teknoloġika)</li></ul> <p>Għal xi post-modernisti, teoriji antikwati dwar is-soċjetà saru barra minn żmienhom, imma soċjoloġisti oħrajn jistaqsu dwar il-valur tat-teoriji tal-post-modernità. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Teoriji_tas-Soċjetà"><span id="Teoriji_tas-So.C4.8Bjet.C3.A0"></span>Teoriji tas-Soċjetà</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=So%C4%8Bjolo%C4%A1ija&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Teoriji tas-Soċjetà" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=So%C4%8Bjolo%C4%A1ija&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Teoriji tas-Soċjetà"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Funzjonaliżmu"><span id="Funzjonali.C5.BCmu"></span>Funzjonaliżmu</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=So%C4%8Bjolo%C4%A1ija&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Funzjonaliżmu" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=So%C4%8Bjolo%C4%A1ija&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Funzjonaliżmu"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nies funzjonalisti jinkludu lil Emile Durkheim (1858-1917) u lil Talcott Parsons (1902-1979). </p> <ul><li>Il-funzjonalisti oriġinalment ġabu ideat mill-bijoloġija. Dawn raw kull parti tas-soċjetà li għandha funzjoni (skop li tgħamel dak ix-xogħol) bħal kull parti tal-ġisem (eżempju: il-kmand tas-soċjetà issu l-moħħ tal-bniedem).</li></ul> <ul><li>Il-funzjonalisti jaraw is-soċjetà bħala strutura, bl-istituzjoniet jaħdmu għall-funzjonijiet vitali, u l-irwoli jidderiċu n-nies kif iġibu ruħhom.</li></ul> <ul><li>Dawn jidentifikaw il-funzjoniet ta' kull parti ta' l-istrutura - eżempju: il-familja tissoċjaliża ż-żgħar u tipproduċi kultura.</li></ul> <ul><li>L-istituzjonijiet qegħdim hemm biex jilħqu l-ħtiġijiet bażiċi tas-soċjetà - eżempju: tipprovdi ikel u kenn għaċ-ċittadini</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Perspettivi_ta'_Konflitt"><span id="Perspettivi_ta.27_Konflitt"></span>Perspettivi ta' Konflitt</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=So%C4%8Bjolo%C4%A1ija&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Perspettivi ta' Konflitt" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=So%C4%8Bjolo%C4%A1ija&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Perspettivi ta' Konflitt"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Il-perspettivi ta' konflitt jaqblu li hemm differenza ta' interessi bejn il-gruppi f'soċjetà (dak li huwa tajjeb għal grupp huwa ħażin għal grupp ieħor). Din toħloq potenzjal ta' konflitt bejn il-gruppi. Hemm diversi teoriji ta' konfltt. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Marxiżmu"><span id="Marxi.C5.BCmu"></span>Marxiżmu</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=So%C4%8Bjolo%C4%A1ija&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Marxiżmu" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=So%C4%8Bjolo%C4%A1ija&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Marxiżmu"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Il-Marxiżmu huwa moviment ta' ħsieb imsejjes fuq l-idejat ta' Karl Marx (1818-1883), li wara ġew adattati minn kittieba oħra li ġew warajh. </p> <ul><li>Marx jaqbel li s-soċjetajiet żviluppaw meta n-nies bdew jingħaqdu biex jipproduċu l-ikel għalihom.</li></ul> <ul><li>Il-forza tal-produzjoni bidlet il-forma tar-relazzjoniet soċjali</li></ul> <ul><li>Is-sistema ekonomika tikkonsisti minn forzi u relazzjoniet soċjali li joħolqu infrastrutura fis-soċjetà.</li></ul> <ul><li>Diversi soċjetajiet jimxu fuq li jaħqru li xi gruppi minn oħrajn. Dawk li għandhom f'idejhom il-qasam tal-produzjoni (bħal artijiet, fabbriki, materja prima jew kapital) jaħqru lil dawk li jaħdmu għalihom.</li></ul> <ul><li>Soċjetajiet kontemporanji jidhru bħala soċjetajiet kapitalisti fejn is-sid tal-kapital jiddomina kollox.</li></ul> <ul><li>Il-Kapitalisti (il-bourgeoise) jaħqru lill-ħaddiema (il-proletariat) billi jħalsuhom pagi anqas mill-ġid li nħoloq mix-xogħol tagħhom. Il-Kapitalisti jiħdu l-profit u jsiru sinjuri u aktar sinjuri.</li></ul> <ul><li>Fil-kommuniżmu l-affarijiet tal-produzjoni (artijiet, fabbriki, eċċ.) jiġu kommuni għal kulħadd, b'hekk ma jkunx hemm klassi li tirregola, l-ebda skjavitu pulit u anqas differenza bħal dik tal-kapitaliżmu.</li></ul> <div style="clear:both;"></div> <table class="navbox noprint collapsible Xjenza nowraplinks" style="border-top: solid silver 1px; border-bottom:1px solid silver; margin:auto; background:white;background:white;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="3" style="text-align:center;width:100%;"><div style="float:left; width:6em; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinks navbar" style="background:none; padding:0; font-weight:normal;;border:none;; font-size:xx-small;"><a href="/wiki/Mudell:Xjenza" title="Mudell:Xjenza"><span title="Ara dan il-mudell" style=";border:none;">a</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Diskussjoni_mudell:Xjenza&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diskussjoni mudell:Xjenza (il-paġna ma teżistix)"><span title="Diskussjoni fuq dan il-mudell" style=";border:none;">d</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a class="external text" href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mudell:Xjenza&action=edit"><span title="Immodifika dan il-mudell" style=";border:none;;">m</span></a></div></div><span class="" style="font-size:110%;"><a href="/wiki/Xjenza" title="Xjenza">Xjenza</a></span></th> </tr><tr><th class="" style="white-space:nowrap;background:#ddddff;text-align:right;text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Xjenza_Applikati" title="Kategorija:Xjenza Applikati">Xjenza Applikati</a></th><td colspan="1" class="" style="text-align:left;width:100%;font-size:95%;text-align:left;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Agrikoltura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agrikoltura (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Agrikoltura‎</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ajruspazju&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ajruspazju (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Ajruspazju‎</a> • <a href="/wiki/Arkitettura" title="Arkitettura">Arkitettura‎</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Elettronika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elettronika (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Elettronika‎</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Informatika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Informatika (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Informatika‎</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=In%C4%A1inerija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Inġinerija (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Inġinerija</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunikazzjoni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Komunikazzjoni (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Komunikazzjoni</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknolo%C4%A1ija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teknoloġija (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Teknoloġija‎</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Trasport&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trasport (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Trasport‎</a></td><td rowspan="3" style="vertical-align:middle; padding-left:7px; width:0%;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:PrirodneNauke.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/PrirodneNauke.svg/60px-PrirodneNauke.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/PrirodneNauke.svg/90px-PrirodneNauke.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/PrirodneNauke.svg/120px-PrirodneNauke.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span></td> </tr><tr><th class="" style="white-space:nowrap;background:#ddddff;text-align:right;text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Xjenza_naturali" title="Kategorija:Xjenza naturali">Xjenza naturali</a></th><td colspan="1" class="" style="text-align:left;width:100%;font-size:95%;background:#f7f7f7;text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Astronomija" title="Astronomija">Astronomija‎</a> • <a href="/wiki/Bijolo%C4%A1ija" title="Bijoloġija">Bijoloġija</a> <small>(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bijolo%C4%A1ija_evoluzzjonarja&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bijoloġija evoluzzjonarja (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Bijoloġija evoluzzjonarja</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%A0enetika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ġenetika (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Ġenetika</a> • <a href="/wiki/Anatomija" title="Anatomija">Anatomija</a>)</small> • <a href="/wiki/Botanika" title="Botanika">Botanika</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ekolo%C4%A1ija" title="Ekoloġija">Ekoloġija</a> • <a href="/wiki/Fi%C5%BCika" title="Fiżika">Fiżika</a> • <a href="/wiki/%C4%A0eolo%C4%A1ija" title="Ġeoloġija">Ġeoloġija</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kimika" title="Kimika">Kimika</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="" style="white-space:nowrap;background:#ddddff;text-align:right;text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Xjenza_so%C4%8Bjali" title="Kategorija:Xjenza soċjali">Xjenza soċjali</a></th><td colspan="1" class="" style="text-align:left;width:100%;font-size:95%;text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Antropolo%C4%A1ija" title="Antropoloġija">Antropoloġija</a> • <a href="/wiki/Arkeolo%C4%A1ija" title="Arkeoloġija">Arkeoloġija</a> • <a href="/wiki/Filosofija" title="Filosofija">Filosofija‎</a> • <a href="/wiki/Lingwistika" title="Lingwistika">Lingwistika‎</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mu%C5%BCikolo%C4%A1ija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mużikoloġija (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Mużikoloġija</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pedago%C4%A1ija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pedagoġija (il-paġna ma teżistix)">‎Pedagoġija</a> • <a href="/wiki/Psikolo%C4%A1ija" title="Psikoloġija">Psikoloġija‎</a> • <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Soċjoloġija‎</a> • <a href="/wiki/Storja" title="Storja">Storja‎</a> • <a href="/wiki/%C4%A0eografija" title="Ġeografija">Ġeografija‎</a></td> </tr></tbody></table>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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