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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Indigenous_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Indigenous history </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Indigenous_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Spanish_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spanish_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Spanish era </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spanish_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mexican_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mexican_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Mexican era </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mexican_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-Conquest_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-Conquest_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 Post-Conquest era </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-Conquest_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1906_earthquake_and_interwar_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1906_earthquake_and_interwar_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.5 1906 earthquake and interwar era </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1906_earthquake_and_interwar_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Contemporary_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Contemporary_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.6 Contemporary era </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Contemporary_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Geography </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Geography subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Neighborhoods" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Neighborhoods"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Neighborhoods </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Neighborhoods-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Climate </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ecology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ecology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Ecology </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ecology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Demographics </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Demographics subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Race,_ethnicity,_religion,_and_languages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Race,_ethnicity,_religion,_and_languages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Race, ethnicity, religion, and languages </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Race,_ethnicity,_religion,_and_languages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ethnic_clustering" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ethnic_clustering"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1.1 Ethnic clustering </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ethnic_clustering-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education,_households,_and_income" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education,_households,_and_income"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Education, households, and income </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education,_households,_and_income-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Homelessness" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Homelessness"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 Homelessness </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Homelessness-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Crime" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Crime"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4 Crime </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Crime-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Economy </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Economy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Economy subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Technology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Technology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Technology </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Technology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tourism_and_conventions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tourism_and_conventions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Tourism and conventions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tourism_and_conventions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arts_and_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arts_and_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Arts and culture </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Arts_and_culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Arts and culture subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Arts_and_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-LGBT" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#LGBT"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 LGBT </div> </a> <ul id="toc-LGBT-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Performing_arts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Performing_arts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 Performing arts </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Performing_arts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Museums" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Museums"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3 Museums </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Museums-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Sports </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Parks_and_recreation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Parks_and_recreation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Parks and recreation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Parks_and_recreation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Government </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Government-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Education </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Education-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Education subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Colleges_and_universities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Colleges_and_universities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.1 Colleges and universities </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Colleges_and_universities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Primary_and_secondary_schools" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Primary_and_secondary_schools"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.2 Primary and secondary schools </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Primary_and_secondary_schools-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Media </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Infrastructure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Infrastructure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 Infrastructure </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Infrastructure-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Infrastructure subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Infrastructure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.1 Transportation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Public_transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.1.1 Public transportation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Freeways_and_roads" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Freeways_and_roads"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.1.2 Freeways and roads </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Freeways_and_roads-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Vision_Zero" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vision_Zero"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.1.2.1 Vision Zero </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vision_Zero-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Airports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Airports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.1.3 Airports </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Airports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cycling_and_walking" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cycling_and_walking"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.1.4 Cycling and walking </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cycling_and_walking-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Public_safety" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_safety"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.2 Public safety </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_safety-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sister_cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sister_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 Sister cities </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sister_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14 Notable people </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 15 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 16 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 17 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 18 Bibliography </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 19 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 20 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">San Francisco</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 183 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-183" aria-hidden="true" > 183 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Alemannisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%B3%E1%8A%95_%E1%8D%8D%E1%88%AB%E1%8A%95%E1%88%B2%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%B0" title="ሳን ፍራንሲስኰ – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሳን ፍራንሲስኰ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target">አማርኛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target">Anarâškielâ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanct_Francisburg" title="Sanct Francisburg – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Sanct Francisburg" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ænglisc</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%83%D9%88" title="سان فرانسيسكو – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سان فرانسيسكو" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco_(California)" title="San Francisco (California) – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="San Francisco (California)" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%96%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%BD%D5%AB%D5%BD%D6%84%D6%85" title="Սան Ֆրանսիսքօ – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Սան Ֆրանսիսքօ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Արեւմտահայերէն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Arpetan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco_(California)" title="San Francisco (California) – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="San Francisco (California)" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco_(California)" title="San Francisco (California) – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="San Francisco (California)" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Avañe'ẽ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/San-Fransisko" title="San-Fransisko – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="San-Fransisko" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B3%DA%A9%D9%88" title="سان فرانسیسکو – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="سان فرانسیسکو" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Bali</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="Bambara" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bamanankan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%AB%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8B" title="সান ফ্রান্সিস্কো – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সান ফ্রান্সিস্কো" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C5%AB-kim-soa%E2%81%BF" title="Kū-kim-soaⁿ – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Kū-kim-soaⁿ" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE" title="Сан-Франциско – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Сан-Франциско" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Сан-Францыска – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Сан-Францыска" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Сан-Францыска – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Сан-Францыска" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE" title="Сан Франциско – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Сан Франциско" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Boarisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A6%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A7%E0%BE%A5%E0%BD%B4%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%81%E0%BD%BC" title="སན་ཧྥུ་རན་སིས་ཁོ – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="སན་ཧྥུ་རན་སིས་ཁོ" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target">བོད་ཡིག</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco_(Kalifornia)" title="San Francisco (Kalifornia) – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="San Francisco (Kalifornia)" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE" title="Сан-Франциско – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Сан-Франциско" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco_(kapital_sa_kondado_sa_Tinipong_Bansa)" title="San Francisco (kapital sa kondado sa Tinipong Bansa) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="San Francisco (kapital sa kondado sa Tinipong Bansa)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Chavacano de Zamboanga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target">Corsu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dagbanli</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Pennsylvania German" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="Pennsylvania German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deitsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Na%CA%BCn%C3%AD%CA%BC%C3%A1_H%C3%B3neez%C3%AD" title="Naʼníʼá Hóneezí – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Naʼníʼá Hóneezí" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Diné bizaad</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B" title="सान फ्रान्सिस्को – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="सान फ्रान्सिस्को" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target">डोटेली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%B1%CE%BD_%CE%A6%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%83%CE%AF%CF%83%CE%BA%CE%BF" title="Σαν Φρανσίσκο – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σαν Φρανσίσκο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Emiliàn e rumagnòl</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco_(California)" title="San Francisco (California) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="San Francisco (California)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/San-Francisko" title="San-Francisko – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="San-Francisko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Franciscu" title="San Franciscu – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="San Franciscu" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target">Estremeñu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Frantzisko_(Kalifornia)" title="San Frantzisko (Kalifornia) – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="San Frantzisko (Kalifornia)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B3%DA%A9%D9%88" title="سان فرانسیسکو – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سان فرانسیسکو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Føroyskt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaelg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE" title="Сан-Франциско – Ingush" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Сан-Франциско" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingush" class="interlanguage-link-target">ГӀалгӀай</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%88%8A%E9%87%91%E5%B1%B1" title="舊金山 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="舊金山" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target">贛語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Kikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="Kikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gĩkũyũ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%A4" title="سان فرانسيسکؤ – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="سان فرانسيسکؤ" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target">گیلکی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A8_%E0%AA%AB%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%95%E0%AB%8B" title="સાન ફ્રાન્સિસ્કો – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="સાન ફ્રાન્સિસ્કો" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target">ગુજરાતી</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khiu-k%C3%AEm-s%C3%A2n" title="Khiu-kîm-sân – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Khiu-kîm-sân" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%83%8C%ED%94%84%EB%9E%80%EC%8B%9C%EC%8A%A4%EC%BD%94" title="샌프란시스코 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="샌프란시스코" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hausa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapalakiko" title="Kapalakiko – Hawaiian" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Kapalakiko" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawaiian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hawaiʻi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%96%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B6%D6%81%D5%AB%D5%BD%D5%AF%D5%B8" title="Սան Ֆրանցիսկո – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սան Ֆրանցիսկո" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B" title="सैन फ़्रांसिस्को – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सैन फ़्रांसिस्को" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco,_Kalifornija" title="San Francisco, Kalifornija – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="San Francisco, Kalifornija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ilokano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%AB%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8B_%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BF,_%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AB%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE" title="সান ফ্রান্সিসকো কাউন্টি, ক্যালিফোর্নিয়া – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="সান ফ্রান্সিসকো কাউন্টি, ক্যালিফোর্নিয়া" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target">বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingue</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE" title="Сан-Франциско – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Сан-Франциско" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ирон</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%9F_%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%A7%D7%95" title="סן פרנסיסקו – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סן פרנסיסקו" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanfransiskoo" title="Sanfransiskoo – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Sanfransiskoo" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kabɩyɛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco,_California" title="San Francisco, California – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="San Francisco, California" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kapampangan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE" title="Сан-Франциско – Karachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Сан-Франциско" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachay-Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Къарачай-малкъар</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C-%E1%83%A4%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D" title="სან-ფრანცისკო – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სან-ფრანცისკო" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE" title="Сан-Франциско – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Сан-Франциско" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kernowek</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco,_Kalif%C3%B2ni" title="San Francisco, Kalifòni – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="San Francisco, Kalifòni" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kreyòl ayisyen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE" title="Сан-Франциско – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Сан-Франциско" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE" title="Сан-Франциско – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Сан-Франциско" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кырык мары</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ladin</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco_(Kalifornia)" title="San Francisco (Kalifornia) – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="San Francisco (Kalifornia)" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ladino</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franciscopolis_(California)" title="Franciscopolis (California) – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Franciscopolis (California)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanfrancisko" title="Sanfrancisko – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Sanfrancisko" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Fransiskas" title="San Fransiskas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="San Fransiskas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Limburgs</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingála</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco_(Kalifornia)" title="San Francisco (Kalifornia) – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="San Francisco (Kalifornia)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE" title="Сан Франциско – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Сан Франциско" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BB%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8B" title="സാൻ ഫ്രാൻസിസ്കോ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സാൻ ഫ്രാൻസിസ്കോ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hana_Panahiko" title="Hana Panahiko – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Hana Panahiko" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target">Māori</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%85%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B" title="सॅन फ्रान्सिस्को – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="सॅन फ्रान्सिस्को" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C-%E1%83%A4%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D" title="სან-ფრანცისკო – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="სან-ფრანცისკო" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%83%D9%88" title="سان فرانسيسكو – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="سان فرانسيسكو" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B3%DA%A9%D9%88" title="سان فرانسیسکو – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="سان فرانسیسکو" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target">مازِرونی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%B4-g%C4%ADng-s%C4%83ng" title="Gô-gĭng-săng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Gô-gĭng-săng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE" title="Сан-Франциско – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Сан-Франциско" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%86%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%96%E1%80%9B%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%85%E1%80%85%E1%80%B9%E1%80%85%E1%80%80%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B7" title="ဆန်ဖရန်စစ္စကိုမြို့ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဆန်ဖရန်စစ္စကိုမြို့" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Fijian" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fijian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Na Vosa Vakaviti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B" title="सान फ्रान्सिस्को – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="सान फ्रान्सिस्को" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B,_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="स्यान फ्रान्सिस्को, क्यालिफोर्निया – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="स्यान फ्रान्सिस्को, क्यालिफोर्निया" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाल भाषा</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B5%E3%83%B3%E3%83%95%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B7%E3%82%B9%E3%82%B3" title="サンフランシスコ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="サンフランシスコ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE" title="Сан-Франциско – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Сан-Франциско" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target">Нохчийн</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE" title="Сан-Франциско – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Сан-Франциско" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target">Олык марий</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8_%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%8B" title="ਸਾਨ ਫ਼ਰਾਂਸਿਸਕੋ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸਾਨ ਫ਼ਰਾਂਸਿਸਕੋ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%B3%DA%A9%D9%88" title="سان فرانسسکو – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سان فرانسسکو" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco,_California" title="San Francisco, California – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="San Francisco, California" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target">Papiamentu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%B3%DA%A9%D9%88" title="سان فرانسسکو – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="سان فرانسسکو" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Picard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco_(Calif%C3%B2rnia)" title="San Francisco (Califòrnia) – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="San Francisco (Califòrnia)" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Piemontèis</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Plattdüütsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Francisco_(Calif%C3%B3rnia)" title="São Francisco (Califórnia) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="São Francisco (Califórnia)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qaraqalpaqsha</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Frantsisko" title="San Frantsisko – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="San Frantsisko" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qırımtatarca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ty mw-list-item"><a href="https://ty.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Tahitian" lang="ty" hreflang="ty" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Reo tahiti" data-language-local-name="Tahitian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Reo tahiti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco_(California)" title="San Francisco (California) – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="San Francisco (California)" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE" title="Сан-Франциско – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Сан-Франциско" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE" title="Сан Франсиско – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Сан Франсиско" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target">Саха тыла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B1_%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%B7%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B1%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%B3" title="ᱥᱟᱱ ᱯᱷᱨᱟᱱᱥᱤᱥᱠᱳ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱥᱟᱱ ᱯᱷᱨᱟᱱᱥᱤᱥᱠᱳ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target">ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sardu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Seeltersk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisko" title="San Francisko – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="San Francisko" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Franciscu" title="San Franciscu – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="San Franciscu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B7%86%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%9D,_%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%86%E0%B7%9D%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F" title="සැන් ෆ්‍රැන්සිස්කෝ, කැලිෆෝනියා – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="සැන් ෆ්‍රැන්සිස්කෝ, කැලිෆෝනියා" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target">සිංහල</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ślůnski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Fransisko" title="San Fransisko – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="San Fransisko" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target">Soomaaliga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B3%DA%A9%DB%86" title="سان فرانسیسکۆ – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="سان فرانسیسکۆ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE" title="Сан Франциско – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Сан Франциско" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco,_California" title="San Francisco, California – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="San Francisco, California" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8B" title="சான் பிரான்சிஸ்கோ – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சான் பிரான்சிஸ்கோ" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target">Taqbaylit</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE" title="Сан-Франциско – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Сан-Франциско" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B6%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%AB%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8B" title="శాన్ ఫ్రాన్సిస్కో – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="శాన్ ఫ్రాన్సిస్కో" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%81" title="ซานฟรานซิสโก – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ซานฟรานซิสโก" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE" title="Сан-Франсиско – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Сан-Франсиско" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Cheyenne" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="Cheyenne" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tsetsêhestâhese</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="Twi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Twi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE" title="Сан-Франциско – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Сан-Франциско" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target">Удмурт</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE" title="Сан-Франциско – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Сан-Франциско" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%B3%DA%A9%D9%88" title="سان فرانسسکو – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سان فرانسسکو" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Fransisko" title="San Fransisko – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="San Fransisko" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target">ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vèneto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisko" title="San Francisko – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="San Francisko" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vepsän kel’</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target">Volapük</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%88%8A%E9%87%91%E5%B1%B1" title="舊金山 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="舊金山" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">文言</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="San Francisco" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%88%8A%E9%87%91%E5%B1%B1" title="舊金山 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="舊金山" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%90%D7%9F_%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%A7%D7%90" title="סאן פראנציסקא – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="סאן פראנציסקא" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target">ייִדיש</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="San Francisco" 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href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=San_Francisco&params=37_46_39_N_122_24_59_W_region:US-CA_type:city(873965)">37°46′39″N 122°24′59″W / 37.77750°N 122.41639°W / 37.77750; -122.41639</a></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Consolidated city-county in California, US</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the city and county in California. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="San Francisco (disambiguation)">San Francisco (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Consolidated city-county in California, United States</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">San Francisco</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/Consolidated_city-county" title="Consolidated city-county">Consolidated city-county</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow ib-settlement-official"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">City and County of San Francisco</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/File:San_Francisco_from_the_Marin_Headlands_in_August_2022.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="San Francisco skyline from the Marin Headlands"><img alt="San Francisco skyline from the Marin Headlands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/San_Francisco_from_the_Marin_Headlands_in_August_2022.jpg/290px-San_Francisco_from_the_Marin_Headlands_in_August_2022.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/San_Francisco_from_the_Marin_Headlands_in_August_2022.jpg/435px-San_Francisco_from_the_Marin_Headlands_in_August_2022.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/San_Francisco_from_the_Marin_Headlands_in_August_2022.jpg/580px-San_Francisco_from_the_Marin_Headlands_in_August_2022.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4458" data-file-height="2675" /></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption"><a href="/wiki/Financial_District,_San_Francisco" title="Financial District, San Francisco">San Francisco skyline</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Marin_Headlands" title="Marin Headlands">Marin Headlands</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_San_Francisco.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of San Francisco"><img alt="Flag of San Francisco" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_San_Francisco.svg/100px-Flag_of_San_Francisco.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_San_Francisco.svg/150px-Flag_of_San_Francisco.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_San_Francisco.svg/200px-Flag_of_San_Francisco.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="683" /></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_San_Francisco" title="Flag of San Francisco">Flag</a></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_San_Francisco.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Official seal of San Francisco"><img alt="Official seal of San Francisco" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Seal_of_San_Francisco.svg/100px-Seal_of_San_Francisco.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Seal_of_San_Francisco.svg/150px-Seal_of_San_Francisco.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Seal_of_San_Francisco.svg/200px-Seal_of_San_Francisco.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link"><a href="/wiki/Seal_of_San_Francisco" title="Seal of San Francisco">Seal</a></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Nicknames: <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname"><a href="/wiki/List_of_nicknames_for_San_Francisco" class="mw-redirect" title="List of nicknames for San Francisco">See list</a><a href="#cite_note-TBI20130630-1">[1]</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Motto(s): <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname">Oro en Paz, Fierro en Guerra (<a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a> for 'Gold in Peace, Iron in War')</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Anthem: Official song: <a href="/wiki/Theme_from_San_Francisco" title="Theme from San Francisco">Theme from San Francisco</a> ("Open your Golden Gate") Official ballad: "<a href="/wiki/I_Left_My_Heart_in_San_Francisco" title="I Left My Heart in San Francisco">I Left My Heart in San Francisco</a>"<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 250px; height: 250px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="250" data-height="250" data-zoom="9" data-lat="37.7775" data-lon="-122.416389" data-overlays="["_1ca5f9b8925b3b4b2de9fa4cda7cec8f111f511a"]" href="/wiki/Special:Map/9/37.7775/-122.416389/en"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,9,37.7775,-122.416389,250x250.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=San_Francisco&revid=1259165457&groups=_1ca5f9b8925b3b4b2de9fa4cda7cec8f111f511a" width="250" height="250" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,9,37.7775,-122.416389,250x250@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=San_Francisco&revid=1259165457&groups=_1ca5f9b8925b3b4b2de9fa4cda7cec8f111f511a 2x" alt="Map" /></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Interactive map outlining San Francisco</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><a href="/wiki/File:Relief_map_of_California.png" class="mw-file-description" title="San Francisco is located in California"><img alt="San Francisco is located in California" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Relief_map_of_California.png/250px-Relief_map_of_California.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="286" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Relief_map_of_California.png/375px-Relief_map_of_California.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Relief_map_of_California.png/500px-Relief_map_of_California.png 2x" data-file-width="681" data-file-height="780" /></a><div class="od notheme" style="top:44.672%;left:21.145%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="San Francisco" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>San Francisco</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location within California</div>Show map of California</div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><a href="/wiki/File:Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png" class="mw-file-description" title="San Francisco is located in the United States"><img alt="San Francisco is located in the United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png/250px-Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png/375px-Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png/500px-Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="731" /></a><div class="od notheme" style="top:42.502%;left:5.544%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="San Francisco" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>San Francisco</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location within the United States</div>Show map of the United States</div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><a href="/wiki/File:North_America_laea_relief_location_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="San Francisco is located in North America"><img alt="San Francisco is located in North America" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/North_America_laea_relief_location_map.jpg/250px-North_America_laea_relief_location_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="251" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/North_America_laea_relief_location_map.jpg/375px-North_America_laea_relief_location_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/North_America_laea_relief_location_map.jpg/500px-North_America_laea_relief_location_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="1185" /></a><div class="od notheme" style="top:58.732%;left:28.791%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="San Francisco" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>San Francisco</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">San Francisco (North America)</div>Show map of North America</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=San_Francisco&params=37_46_39_N_122_24_59_W_region:US-CA_type:city(873965)">37°46′39″N 122°24′59″W / 37.77750°N 122.41639°W / 37.77750; -122.41639</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Country" title="Country">Country</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">State</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_California.svg/23px-Flag_of_California.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_California.svg/35px-Flag_of_California.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_California.svg/45px-Flag_of_California.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_counties_of_California" class="mw-redirect" title="List of counties of California">County</a></th><td class="infobox-data">San Francisco</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_statistical_area" title="Metropolitan statistical area">Metro</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco%E2%80%93Oakland%E2%80%93Hayward" class="mw-redirect" title="San Francisco–Oakland–Hayward">San Francisco–Oakland–Hayward</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Combined_Statistical_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Combined Statistical Area">CSA</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/San_Jose%E2%80%93San_Francisco%E2%80%93Oakland,_CA_Combined_Statistical_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="San Jose–San Francisco–Oakland, CA Combined Statistical Area">San Jose–San Francisco–Oakland</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mission</th><td class="infobox-data">June 29, 1776 (248 years ago) (June 29, 1776)<a href="#cite_note-DeAnza-Moraga-Palou-4">[4]</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Municipal_incorporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Municipal incorporation">Incorporated</a></th><td class="infobox-data">April 15, 1850 (174 years ago) (April 15, 1850)<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Juan_Bautista_de_Anza" title="Juan Bautista de Anza">Juan Bautista de Anza</a> <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Joaqu%C3%ADn_Moraga" title="José Joaquín Moraga">José Joaquín Moraga</a> <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Pal%C3%B3u" title="Francisco Palóu">Francisco Palóu</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Namesake" title="Namesake">Named for</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/St._Francis_of_Assisi" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Francis of Assisi">St. Francis of Assisi</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Strong_Mayor" class="mw-redirect" title="Strong Mayor">Strong Mayor</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Body</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Board_of_Supervisors" title="San Francisco Board of Supervisors">Board of Supervisors</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_San_Francisco" title="Mayor of San Francisco">Mayor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/London_Breed" title="London Breed">London Breed</a> (<a href="/wiki/California_Democratic_Party" title="California Democratic Party">D</a>)<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Lurie" title="Daniel Lurie">Daniel Lurie</a> (<a href="/wiki/California_Democratic_Party" title="California Democratic Party">D</a>) (elect)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Board_of_Supervisors" title="San Francisco Board of Supervisors">Supervisors</a><a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left; border:none; padding: 0;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>List</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0; text-align:left;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Connie_Chan_(politician)" title="Connie Chan (politician)">Connie Chan</a> (D)</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Stefani" title="Catherine Stefani">Catherine Stefani</a> (D)</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Aaron_Peskin" title="Aaron Peskin">Aaron Peskin</a> (D)</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Joel_Engardio" title="Joel Engardio">Joel Engardio</a> (D)</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Dean_Preston" title="Dean Preston">Dean Preston</a> (D)</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Matt_Dorsey" title="Matt Dorsey">Matt Dorsey</a> (D)</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Myrna_Melgar" title="Myrna Melgar">Myrna Melgar</a> (D)</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Rafael_Mandelman" title="Rafael Mandelman">Rafael Mandelman</a> (D)</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Hillary_Ronen" title="Hillary Ronen">Hillary Ronen</a> (D)</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Shamann_Walton" title="Shamann Walton">Shamann Walton</a> (D)</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Ahsha_Safa%C3%AD" title="Ahsha Safaí">Ahsha Safaí</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/California_State_Assembly" title="California State Assembly">Assembly members</a><a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Matt_Haney" title="Matt Haney">Matt Haney</a> (<a href="/wiki/California_Democratic_Party" title="California Democratic Party">D</a>) <a href="/wiki/Phil_Ting" title="Phil Ting">Phil Ting</a> (<a href="/wiki/California_Democratic_Party" title="California Democratic Party">D</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/California%27s_11th_State_Senate_district" class="mw-redirect" title="California's 11th State Senate district">State senator</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Scott_Wiener" title="Scott Wiener">Scott Wiener</a> (<a href="/wiki/California_Democratic_Party" title="California Democratic Party">D</a>)<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">United States Representatives</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Pelosi" title="Nancy Pelosi">Nancy Pelosi</a> (<a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">D</a>)<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> <a href="/wiki/Kevin_Mullin" title="Kevin Mullin">Kevin Mullin</a> (<a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">D</a>)<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><a href="#cite_note-CenPopGazetteer2019-13">[13]</a></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • City and county</div></th><td class="infobox-data">231.89 sq mi (600.59 km2)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Land</th><td class="infobox-data">46.9 sq mi (121.48 km2)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Water</th><td class="infobox-data">184.99 sq mi (479.11 km2)  80.00%</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Metro<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">3,524.4 sq mi (9,128 km2)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">52 ft (16 m)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Highest elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><a href="#cite_note-elvadist-15">[15]</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mount_Davidson_(California)" title="Mount Davidson (California)">Mount Davidson</a>)</div></th><td class="infobox-data">934 ft (285 m)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Lowest elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><a href="#cite_note-elvadist-15">[15]</a> (Pacific Ocean)</div></th><td class="infobox-data">0 ft (0 m)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"> (<a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="2020 United States Census">2020</a>)<a href="#cite_note-QuickFacts-16">[16]</a></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • City and county</div></th><td class="infobox-data">873,965</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Estimate <div class="ib-settlement-fn">(2023)<a href="#cite_note-QuickFacts-16">[16]</a></div></div></th><td class="infobox-data">808,988</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_North_American_cities_by_population" title="List of North American cities by population">39th</a> in North America <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_cities_by_population" title="List of United States cities by population">17th</a> in the United States <a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_cities_in_California_by_population" title="List of largest cities in California by population">4th</a> in California</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">18,634.65/sq mi (7,194.88/km2)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Urban_area" title="Urban area">Urban</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"><a href="#cite_note-urban_area-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-18">[α]</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">3,515,933 (US: <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_urban_areas" title="List of United States urban areas">14th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Urban density</th><td class="infobox-data">6,843.0/sq mi (2,642.1/km2)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_area" title="Metropolitan area">Metro</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"><a href="#cite_note-2021Pop-19">[18]</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">4,566,961 (US: <a href="/wiki/List_of_metropolitan_statistical_areas" class="mw-redirect" title="List of metropolitan statistical areas">13th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Combined_statistical_area" title="Combined statistical area">CSA</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"><a href="#cite_note-CSA_pop-20">[19]</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">9,225,160 (US: <a href="/wiki/Combined_statistical_area" title="Combined statistical area">5th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym</a></th><td class="infobox-data">San Franciscan<a href="#cite_note-21">[20]</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Languages<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Official<a href="#cite_note-22">[21]</a></th><td class="infobox-data">English, Spanish, Chinese, <a href="/wiki/Filipino_language" title="Filipino language">Filipino</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_language" title="Vietnamese language">Vietnamese</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Other non-official spoken languages</th><td class="infobox-data">Russian, Persian, Portuguese, and others</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">GDP<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><a href="#cite_note-23">[22]</a></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • City and county</th><td class="infobox-data">$252.2 billion (2022)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_statistical_area" title="Metropolitan statistical area">Metro</a></th><td class="infobox-data">$729.1 billion (2022)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Combined_statistical_area" title="Combined statistical area">CSA</a></th><td class="infobox-data">$1.318 trillion (2022)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%E2%88%9208:00" title="UTC−08:00">UTC−08:00</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pacific_Time_Zone" title="Pacific Time Zone">PST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%E2%88%9207:00" title="UTC−07:00">UTC−07:00</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pacific_Daylight_Time" class="mw-redirect" title="Pacific Daylight Time">PDT</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ZIP_Code" title="ZIP Code">ZIP Codes</a><a href="#cite_note-24">[23]</a></th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>List</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">94102–94105 </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">94107–94112 </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">94114–94134 </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">94137 </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">94139–94147 </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">94151 </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">94158–94161 </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">94163–94164 </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">94172 </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">94177 </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">94188</li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/North_American_Numbering_Plan" title="North American Numbering Plan">Area codes</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Area_codes_415_and_628" title="Area codes 415 and 628">415/628</a><a href="#cite_note-25">[24]</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Federal_Information_Processing_Standards" title="Federal Information Processing Standards">FIPS code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">06-67000</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_Names_Information_System" title="Geographic Names Information System">GNIS</a> feature IDs</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edits.nationalmap.gov/apps/gaz-domestic/public/search/names/277593">277593</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edits.nationalmap.gov/apps/gaz-domestic/public/search/names/2411786">2411786</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sf.gov">sf.gov</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-greek"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a> Urban area population/density are for the San Francisco–Oakland, CA urban area as of the 2020 Census. </li> </ol></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> San Francisco,<a href="#cite_note-26">[25]</a> officially the City and County of San Francisco, is a commercial, <a href="/wiki/Financial_District,_San_Francisco" title="Financial District, San Francisco">financial</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_San_Francisco" title="Culture of San Francisco">cultural</a> center within <a href="/wiki/Northern_California" title="Northern California">Northern California</a>. With a population of 808,988 residents as of 2023,<a href="#cite_note-QuickFacts-16">[16]</a> San Francisco is the <a href="/wiki/List_of_California_cities_by_population" class="mw-redirect" title="List of California cities by population">fourth-most populous city</a> in the <a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">U.S. state</a> of <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> behind <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Diego" title="San Diego">San Diego</a>, and <a href="/wiki/San_Jose,_California" title="San Jose, California">San Jose</a>. It covers a land area of 46.9 square miles (121 square kilometers)<a href="#cite_note-Census_2010-GCT-PH1-density-27">[26]</a> at the upper end of the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Peninsula" title="San Francisco Peninsula">San Francisco Peninsula</a>, making it the second-most densely populated major U.S. city behind <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a> and the <a href="/wiki/County_statistics_of_the_United_States" title="County statistics of the United States">fifth-most densely populated U.S. county</a>, behind four of New York City's <a href="/wiki/Boroughs_of_New_York_City" title="Boroughs of New York City">boroughs</a>. Among the 92 U.S. cities proper with over 250,000 residents, San Francisco is ranked first by per capita income and sixth by aggregate income as of 2022.<a href="#cite_note-ipums_nhgis-28">[27]</a> San Francisco anchors the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_statistical_area#United_States" title="Metropolitan statistical area">13th most populous metropolitan statistical area in the United States</a>, with almost 4.6 million residents in 2023. The larger <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Bay_Area" title="San Francisco Bay Area">San Jose–San Francisco–Oakland combined statistical area</a>, the fifth-largest urban region in the U.S., had a 2023 estimated population of over 9 million. Prior to <a href="/wiki/European_colonization_of_the_Americas" title="European colonization of the Americas">European settlement</a>, the modern city proper was inhabited by the <a href="/wiki/Yelamu" title="Yelamu">Yelamu</a>, who spoke a language now referred to as <a href="/wiki/Ramaytush" title="Ramaytush">Ramaytush Ohlone</a>. On June 29, 1776, <a href="/wiki/Spanish_colonization_of_the_Americas" title="Spanish colonization of the Americas">settlers from New Spain</a> established the <a href="/wiki/Presidio_of_San_Francisco" title="Presidio of San Francisco">Presidio of San Francisco</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Golden_Gate" title="Golden Gate">Golden Gate</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Mission_San_Francisco_de_As%C3%ADs" title="Mission San Francisco de Asís">Mission San Francisco de Asís</a> a few miles away, both named for <a href="/wiki/Francis_of_Assisi" title="Francis of Assisi">Francis of Assisi</a>.<a href="#cite_note-DeAnza-Moraga-Palou-4">[4]</a> The <a href="/wiki/California_gold_rush" title="California gold rush">California gold rush</a> of 1849 brought rapid growth, transforming an unimportant hamlet into a busy port, making it the largest city on the <a href="/wiki/West_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="West Coast of the United States">West Coast</a> at the time; between 1870 and 1900, approximately one quarter of California's population resided in the city proper.<a href="#cite_note-ipums_nhgis-28">[27]</a> In 1856, San Francisco became a <a href="/wiki/Consolidated_city-county" title="Consolidated city-county">consolidated city-county</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Coy_1919_409-29">[28]</a> After three-quarters of the city was destroyed by the <a href="/wiki/1906_San_Francisco_earthquake" title="1906 San Francisco earthquake">1906 earthquake and fire</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Montagne-30">[29]</a> it was quickly rebuilt, hosting the <a href="/wiki/Panama%E2%80%93Pacific_International_Exposition" title="Panama–Pacific International Exposition">Panama–Pacific International Exposition</a> nine years later. In <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, it was a major port of embarkation for <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Navy" title="United States Department of the Navy">naval service</a> members shipping out to the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Ocean_theater_of_World_War_II" title="Pacific Ocean theater of World War II">Pacific Theater</a>.<a href="#cite_note-WWII-31">[30]</a> In 1945, the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Charter" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Charter">United Nations Charter</a> was signed in San Francisco, establishing the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> and in 1951, the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_San_Francisco" title="Treaty of San Francisco">Treaty of San Francisco</a> re-established peaceful relations between Japan and the <a href="/wiki/Allies_of_World_War_II" title="Allies of World War II">Allied Powers</a>.<a href="#cite_note-32">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-33">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-34">[33]</a> After the war, the confluence of returning servicemen, significant <a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_the_United_States" title="Immigration to the United States">immigration</a>, liberalizing attitudes, the rise of the <a href="/wiki/Beatnik" title="Beatnik">beatnik</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hippie" title="Hippie">hippie</a> countercultures, the <a href="/wiki/Sexual_revolution" title="Sexual revolution">sexual revolution</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Peace_movement" title="Peace movement">peace movement</a> growing from <a href="/wiki/Opposition_to_United_States_involvement_in_the_Vietnam_War" title="Opposition to United States involvement in the Vietnam War">opposition to United States involvement in the Vietnam War</a>, and other factors led to the <a href="/wiki/Summer_of_Love" title="Summer of Love">Summer of Love</a> and the <a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in the United States">gay rights</a> movement, cementing San Francisco as a center of <a href="/wiki/Modern_liberalism_in_the_United_States" title="Modern liberalism in the United States">liberal activism in the United States</a>. San Francisco and the surrounding <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Bay_Area" title="San Francisco Bay Area">San Francisco Bay Area</a> are a global center of economic activity and the arts and sciences,<a href="#cite_note-Nature_Index_2018_Science_cities-35">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-Cultural_times:_the_first_global_map_of_cultural_and_creative_industries-36">[35]</a> spurred by <a href="/wiki/List_of_colleges_and_universities_in_San_Francisco" title="List of colleges and universities in San Francisco">leading universities</a>,<a href="#cite_note-37">[36]</a> <a href="/wiki/IT" class="mw-redirect" title="IT">high-tech</a>, healthcare, finance, insurance, real estate, and professional services sectors.<a href="#cite_note-38">[37]</a> As of 2020<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit">[update]</a>, the metropolitan area, with 4.5 million residents, ranked 5th by GDP ($874 billion) and 2nd by GDP per capita ($131,082) across the <a href="/wiki/OECD" title="OECD">OECD</a> countries, ahead of <a href="/wiki/Global_city" title="Global city">global cities</a> like <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>, <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a>.<a href="#cite_note-39">[38]</a><a href="#cite_note-40">[39]</a><a href="#cite_note-41">[40]</a> It is the fourth-largest by aggregate income and economic output, with a GDP of $729 billion in 2022<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit">[update]</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:7-42">[41]</a> The wider <a href="/wiki/San_Jose%E2%80%93San_Francisco%E2%80%93Oakland,_CA_Combined_Statistical_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="San Jose–San Francisco–Oakland, CA Combined Statistical Area">San Jose–San Francisco–Oakland Combined Statistical Area</a> is the nation's fifth-most populous, with around nine million residents, and the third-largest by economic output, with a GDP of $1.32 trillion in 2022<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit">[update]</a>. In the same year, San Francisco proper had a GDP of $252.2 billion, and a GDP per capita of $312,000.<a href="#cite_note-:7-42">[41]</a> San Francisco was ranked fifth in the world and second in the United States on the <a href="/wiki/Global_Financial_Centres_Index" title="Global Financial Centres Index">Global Financial Centres Index</a> as of September 2023<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit">[update]</a>.<a href="#cite_note-43">[42]</a> Despite a <a href="/wiki/California_exodus" title="California exodus">continuing exodus of businesses</a> from the downtown area of San Francisco,<a href="#cite_note-SanFranDoomLoopRefute-44">[43]</a><a href="#cite_note-45">[44]</a> the city is still home to <a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_based_in_San_Francisco" title="List of companies based in San Francisco">numerous companies</a> inside and outside of technology, including <a href="/wiki/Salesforce.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Salesforce.com">Salesforce</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uber" title="Uber">Uber</a>, <a href="/wiki/Airbnb" title="Airbnb">Airbnb</a>, <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">X</a>, <a href="/wiki/Levi_Strauss_%26_Co." title="Levi Strauss & Co.">Levi's</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gap_Inc." title="Gap Inc.">Gap</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dropbox" title="Dropbox">Dropbox</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Lyft" title="Lyft">Lyft</a>. In 2022, San Francisco had more than 1.7 million international visitors – the fifth-most visited city from abroad in the United States after New York City, <a href="/wiki/Miami" title="Miami">Miami</a>, <a href="/wiki/Orlando,_Florida" title="Orlando, Florida">Orlando</a>, and Los Angeles – and approximately 20 million domestic visitors for a total of 21.9 million visitors.<a href="#cite_note-46">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-47">[46]</a> It is known for its steep rolling <a href="/wiki/List_of_hills_in_San_Francisco" title="List of hills in San Francisco">hills</a> and <a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_San_Francisco" title="Architecture of San Francisco">eclectic mix of architecture</a> across <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_neighborhoods" class="mw-redirect" title="San Francisco neighborhoods">varied neighborhoods</a>, its <a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_San_Francisco" title="Chinatown, San Francisco">Chinatown</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mission_District,_San_Francisco" title="Mission District, San Francisco">Mission</a> districts, its cooling summers, <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_fog" title="San Francisco fog">fog</a>, and landmarks including the <a href="/wiki/Golden_Gate_Bridge" title="Golden Gate Bridge">Golden Gate Bridge</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_cable_car_system" title="San Francisco cable car system">cable cars</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Alcatraz_Federal_Penitentiary" title="Alcatraz Federal Penitentiary">Alcatraz</a>.<a href="#cite_note-48">[47]</a> The city is home to a number of educational and cultural institutions, such as the <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_San_Francisco" title="University of California, San Francisco">University of California, San Francisco</a>, the <a href="/wiki/University_of_San_Francisco" title="University of San Francisco">University of San Francisco</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_State_University" title="San Francisco State University">San Francisco State University</a>, the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Conservatory_of_Music" title="San Francisco Conservatory of Music">San Francisco Conservatory of Music</a>, the <a href="/wiki/De_Young_Museum" title="De Young Museum">de Young Museum</a>, the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Museum_of_Modern_Art" title="San Francisco Museum of Modern Art">San Francisco Museum of Modern Art</a>, the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Symphony" title="San Francisco Symphony">San Francisco Symphony</a>, the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Ballet" title="San Francisco Ballet">San Francisco Ballet</a>, the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Opera" title="San Francisco Opera">San Francisco Opera</a>, the <a href="/wiki/SFJAZZ_Center" title="SFJAZZ Center">SFJAZZ Center</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/California_Academy_of_Sciences" title="California Academy of Sciences">California Academy of Sciences</a>. Two <a href="/wiki/Major_professional_sports_leagues_in_the_United_States_and_Canada" title="Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada">major league</a> sports teams, the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Giants" title="San Francisco Giants">San Francisco Giants</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Golden_State_Warriors" title="Golden State Warriors">Golden State Warriors</a>, play their home games within San Francisco proper. <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_International_Airport" title="San Francisco International Airport">San Francisco International Airport</a> (SFO) offers flights to over 125 destinations, while <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Municipal_Railway" title="San Francisco Municipal Railway">a light rail and bus network</a>, in tandem with the <a href="/wiki/Bay_Area_Rapid_Transit" title="Bay Area Rapid Transit">BART</a> and <a href="/wiki/Caltrain" title="Caltrain">Caltrain</a> systems, connects nearly every part of San Francisco with the wider region.<a href="#cite_note-49">[48]</a><a href="#cite_note-50">[49]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_San_Francisco_placename_etymologies" title="List of San Francisco placename etymologies">List of San Francisco placename etymologies</a></div> San Francisco, which is Spanish for "Saint Francis," takes its name from <a href="/wiki/Mission_San_Francisco_de_As%C3%ADs" title="Mission San Francisco de Asís">Mission San Francisco de Asís</a>, which in turn was named after <a href="/wiki/Francis_of_Assisi" title="Francis of Assisi">Saint Francis of Assisi</a>. The mission received its name in 1776, when it was founded by the Spanish under the leadership of Padre <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Pal%C3%B3u" title="Francisco Palóu">Francisco Palóu</a>. The city has officially been known as San Francisco since 1847, when <a href="/wiki/Washington_Allon_Bartlett" title="Washington Allon Bartlett">Washington Allon Bartlett</a>, then serving as <a href="/wiki/List_of_pre-statehood_mayors_of_San_Francisco" title="List of pre-statehood mayors of San Francisco">the city's alcalde</a>, renamed it from <a href="/wiki/Yerba_Buena,_California" title="Yerba Buena, California">Yerba Buena</a> (Spanish for "Good Herb"), which had been name used throughout the Spanish and Mexican eras since approximately 1776. The name Yerba Buena continues to be used in locations in the city, such as on <a href="/wiki/Yerba_Buena_Island" title="Yerba Buena Island">Yerba Buena Island</a> and in the <a href="/wiki/Yerba_Buena_Center_for_the_Arts" title="Yerba Buena Center for the Arts">Yerba Buena Center for the Arts</a> and <a href="/wiki/Yerba_Buena_Gardens" title="Yerba Buena Gardens">Yerba Buena Gardens</a>. While people residing outside the San Francisco Bay Area use nicknames including "Frisco" and "San Fran", local residents in the Bay Area sometimes refer to San Francisco as "the City" or "SF".<a href="#cite_note-TBI20130630-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-is-it-ever-ok-51">[50]</a> The choice of nickname a person uses is a common way for locals to distinguish long-time residents from tourists and recent arrivals. "San Fran" and "Frisco" are sometimes considered controversial as nicknames among San Francisco residents.<a href="#cite_note-52">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-53">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-is-it-ever-ok-51">[50]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/History_of_San_Francisco" title="History of San Francisco">History of San Francisco</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For a chronological guide, see <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_San_Francisco" title="Timeline of San Francisco">Timeline of San Francisco</a>.</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Indigenous_history">Indigenous history</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Indigenous history">edit</a>]</div> The earliest <a href="/wiki/Archeological_site" class="mw-redirect" title="Archeological site">archeological evidence</a> of <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas" title="Indigenous peoples of the Americas">human habitation</a> of the territory of San Francisco dates to 3000 BCE.<a href="#cite_note-54">[53]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Yelamu" title="Yelamu">Yelamu</a> group of the <a href="/wiki/Ramaytush" title="Ramaytush">Ramaytush</a> people resided in a few small villages when an overland <a href="/wiki/Spanish_colonization_of_the_Americas" title="Spanish colonization of the Americas">Spanish exploration party</a> arrived on November 2, 1769, the first documented European visit to <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Bay" title="San Francisco Bay">San Francisco Bay</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Portola-55">[54]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Ohlone_languages" title="Ohlone languages">Ohlone</a> name for San Francisco was Ahwaste, meaning, "place at the bay."<a href="#cite_note-56">[55]</a> The arrival of Spanish colonists, and the implementation of their Mission system, marked the beginning of the assimilation of the Ramaytush people, and the decline of their language and culture.<a href="#cite_note-57">[56]</a><a href="#cite_note-58">[57]</a><a href="#cite_note-59">[58]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Spanish_era">Spanish era</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Spanish era">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Victor_Adam_after_Louis_Choris_-_Vue_du_Presidio_san_Francisco,_1822_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Victor_Adam_after_Louis_Choris_-_Vue_du_Presidio_san_Francisco%2C_1822_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Victor_Adam_after_Louis_Choris_-_Vue_du_Presidio_san_Francisco%2C_1822_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Victor_Adam_after_Louis_Choris_-_Vue_du_Presidio_san_Francisco%2C_1822_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Victor_Adam_after_Louis_Choris_-_Vue_du_Presidio_san_Francisco%2C_1822_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Victor_Adam_after_Louis_Choris_-_Vue_du_Presidio_san_Francisco%2C_1822_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Victor_Adam_after_Louis_Choris_-_Vue_du_Presidio_san_Francisco%2C_1822_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3581" data-file-height="1996" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Juan_Bautista_de_Anza" title="Juan Bautista de Anza">Juan Bautista de Anza</a> established the <a href="/wiki/Presidio_of_San_Francisco" title="Presidio of San Francisco">Presidio of San Francisco</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Empire" title="Spanish Empire">Spanish Empire</a> in 1776.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mission_San_Francisco_de_As%C3%ADs_(Oriana_Day)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Mission_San_Francisco_de_As%C3%ADs_%28Oriana_Day%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Mission_San_Francisco_de_As%C3%ADs_%28Oriana_Day%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Mission_San_Francisco_de_As%C3%ADs_%28Oriana_Day%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Mission_San_Francisco_de_As%C3%ADs_%28Oriana_Day%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Mission_San_Francisco_de_As%C3%ADs_%28Oriana_Day%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Mission_San_Francisco_de_As%C3%ADs_%28Oriana_Day%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="846" data-file-height="482" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Mission_San_Francisco_de_As%C3%ADs" title="Mission San Francisco de Asís">Mission San Francisco de Asís</a> was founded by Padre <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Pal%C3%B3u" title="Francisco Palóu">Francisco Palóu</a> on October 9, 1776.</figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Empire" title="Spanish Empire">Spanish Empire</a> claimed San Francisco as part of <a href="/wiki/Las_Californias" class="mw-redirect" title="Las Californias">Las Californias</a>, a province of the <a href="/wiki/Viceroyalty_of_New_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Viceroyalty of New Spain">Viceroyalty of New Spain</a>. The Spanish first arrived in what is now San Francisco on November 2, 1769, when the <a href="/wiki/Portol%C3%A1_expedition" title="Portolá expedition">Portolá expedition</a> led by Don <a href="/wiki/Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A1" title="Gaspar de Portolá">Gaspar de Portolá</a> and <a href="/wiki/Juan_Cresp%C3%AD" title="Juan Crespí">Juan Crespí</a> arrived at <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Bay" title="San Francisco Bay">San Francisco Bay</a>. Having noted the strategic benefits of the area due to its large natural harbor, the Spanish dispatched <a href="/wiki/Pedro_Fages" title="Pedro Fages">Pedro Fages</a> in 1770 to find a more direct route to the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Peninsula" title="San Francisco Peninsula">San Francisco Peninsula</a> from <a href="/wiki/Monterey,_California" title="Monterey, California">Monterey</a>, which would become part of the <a href="/wiki/El_Camino_Real_(California)" title="El Camino Real (California)">El Camino Real</a> route. By 1774, <a href="/wiki/Juan_Bautista_de_Anza" title="Juan Bautista de Anza">Juan Bautista de Anza</a> had arrived to the area to select the sites for a <a href="/wiki/Spanish_missions_in_California" title="Spanish missions in California">mission</a> and <a href="/wiki/Presidios_of_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Presidios of California">presidio</a>. The first European maritime presence in San Francisco Bay occurred on August 5, 1775, when the Spanish ship <a href="/wiki/San_Carlos_(1768_ship)" class="mw-redirect" title="San Carlos (1768 ship)">San Carlos</a>, commanded by <a href="/wiki/Juan_Manuel_de_Ayala" class="mw-redirect" title="Juan Manuel de Ayala">Juan Manuel de Ayala</a>, became the first ship to anchor in the bay.<a href="#cite_note-60">[59]</a> Soon after, on March 28, 1776, Anza established the <a href="/wiki/Presidio_of_San_Francisco" title="Presidio of San Francisco">Presidio of San Francisco</a>. On October 9, <a href="/wiki/Mission_San_Francisco_de_As%C3%ADs" title="Mission San Francisco de Asís">Mission San Francisco de Asís</a>, also known as Mission Dolores, was founded by Padre <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Pal%C3%B3u" title="Francisco Palóu">Francisco Palóu</a>.<a href="#cite_note-DeAnza-Moraga-Palou-4">[4]</a> In 1794, the Presidio established the <a href="/wiki/Fort_Point_National_Historic_Site" title="Fort Point National Historic Site">Castillo de San Joaquín</a>, a fortification on the southern side of the <a href="/wiki/Golden_Gate" title="Golden Gate">Golden Gate</a>, which later came to be known as Fort Point. In 1804, the province of <a href="/wiki/Alta_California" title="Alta California">Alta California</a> was created, which included San Francisco. At its peak in 1810–1820, the average population at the Mission Dolores settlement was about 1,100 people.<a href="#cite_note-61">[60]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mexican_era">Mexican era</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Mexican era">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Do%C3%B1a_Juana_Briones_de_Miranda_(7222900876)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Do%C3%B1a_Juana_Briones_de_Miranda_%287222900876%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/170px-Do%C3%B1a_Juana_Briones_de_Miranda_%287222900876%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Do%C3%B1a_Juana_Briones_de_Miranda_%287222900876%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/255px-Do%C3%B1a_Juana_Briones_de_Miranda_%287222900876%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Do%C3%B1a_Juana_Briones_de_Miranda_%287222900876%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/340px-Do%C3%B1a_Juana_Briones_de_Miranda_%287222900876%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="971" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Juana_Briones_de_Miranda" title="Juana Briones de Miranda">Juana Briones de Miranda</a>, known as the "Founding Mother of San Francisco"<a href="#cite_note-Briones_de_Miranda-62">[61]</a></figcaption></figure> In 1821, the <a href="/wiki/The_Californias" title="The Californias">Californias</a> were <a href="/wiki/Mexican_War_of_Independence" title="Mexican War of Independence">ceded to Mexico</a> by Spain. The extensive <a href="/wiki/Missions_in_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Missions in California">California mission system</a> gradually lost its influence during the period of <a href="/wiki/First_Mexican_Republic" title="First Mexican Republic">Mexican rule</a>, although it was not until 1833 that the missions would be secularized. Agricultural land became largely privatized as <a href="/wiki/Ranchos_of_California" title="Ranchos of California">ranchos</a>, as was occurring in other parts of California. Coastal trade increased, including a half-dozen <a href="/wiki/Barques" class="mw-redirect" title="Barques">barques</a> from various Atlantic ports which regularly sailed in California waters.<a href="#cite_note-sfmuseum-early-63">[62]</a><a href="#cite_note-64">[63]</a> With the enactment of the <a href="/wiki/Mexican_Secularization_Act_of_1833" title="Mexican Secularization Act of 1833">Mexican Secularization Act of 1833</a>, the missions were made to divest themselves of their extensive landholdings and emancipate the indigenous people under their control. As part of the process of secularization, Governor <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Figueroa" title="José Figueroa">José Figueroa</a> opened up San Francisco to civilian settlement. Prior to secularization, the only settlements in San Francisco had been the military settlement at the Presidio and the religious settlement at Mission Dolores.<a href="#cite_note-Briones_de_Miranda-62">[61]</a> In 1835, the Presidio garrison, commanded by <a href="/wiki/Mariano_Vallejo" class="mw-redirect" title="Mariano Vallejo">Mariano Vallejo</a>, relocated to the <a href="/wiki/Presidio_of_Sonoma" class="mw-redirect" title="Presidio of Sonoma">Presidio of Sonoma</a>, which was regarded as needing a greater military presence due the proximity of the Russian settlement at <a href="/wiki/Fort_Ross" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort Ross">Fort Ross</a>. Only a small detachment remained at the Presidio of San Francisco.<a href="#cite_note-65">[64]</a> Mission Dolores sold most of its property in 1836, retaining only the church and related structures.<a href="#cite_note-66">[65]</a> In 1833, <a href="/wiki/Juana_Briones_de_Miranda" title="Juana Briones de Miranda">Juana Briones de Miranda</a> was granted a small <a href="/wiki/Ranchos_of_California" title="Ranchos of California">rancho</a> at <a href="/wiki/El_Pol%C3%ADn_Spring" title="El Polín Spring">El Polín Spring</a>, near the Presidio, founding the first non-indigenous civilian household in San Francisco.<a href="#cite_note-Briones_de_Miranda-62">[61]</a> In 1834, the pueblo of <a href="/wiki/Yerba_Buena,_California" title="Yerba Buena, California">Yerba Buena</a> was founded. <a href="/wiki/Yerba_Buena_Cove" title="Yerba Buena Cove">Yerba Buena Cove</a> (named after <a href="/wiki/Clinopodium_douglasii" title="Clinopodium douglasii">a native herb</a>) was already a favored anchorage spot and the new settlement and trading post was founded by its shores. Yerba Buena was located in what is now the city's <a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_San_Francisco" title="Chinatown, San Francisco">Chinatown</a> and <a href="/wiki/Financial_District,_San_Francisco" title="Financial District, San Francisco">Financial District</a> and was centered on a plaza that is now <a href="/wiki/Portsmouth_Square" title="Portsmouth Square">Portsmouth Square</a>.<a href="#cite_note-sfmuseum-early-63">[62]</a><a href="#cite_note-67">[66]</a><a href="#cite_note-browning-68">[67]</a> A land survey of Yerba Buena was made by the Swiss immigrant <a href="/wiki/Jean_Jacques_Vioget" title="Jean Jacques Vioget">Jean Jacques Vioget</a> as prelude to the city plan.<a href="#cite_note-sfmuseum-early-63">[62]</a> <a href="/wiki/Francisco_de_Haro" title="Francisco de Haro">Francisco de Haro</a>, a non-<a href="/wiki/Californio" class="mw-redirect" title="Californio">Californio</a> Mexican native,[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Writing_better_articles#Stay_on_topic" title="Wikipedia:Writing better articles">relevant?</a>] became the first <a href="/wiki/Alcalde" title="Alcalde">alcalde</a> of Yerba Buena. The second alcalde <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Joaqu%C3%ADn_Estudillo" title="José Joaquín Estudillo">José Joaquín Estudillo</a> was a Californio from a prominent <a href="/wiki/Monterey,_California" title="Monterey, California">Monterey</a> family.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Writing_better_articles#Stay_on_topic" title="Wikipedia:Writing better articles">relevant?</a>] In 1835, while in office, he approved the first land grant in Yerba Buena: to <a href="/wiki/William_A._Richardson" class="mw-redirect" title="William A. Richardson">William Richardson</a>, a naturalized Mexican citizen of English birth. Richardson had arrived in San Francisco aboard a <a href="/wiki/Whaler" title="Whaler">whaling ship</a> in 1822. In 1825, he married Maria Antonia Martinez, eldest daughter of the Californio <a href="/wiki/Ygnacio_Mart%C3%ADnez" title="Ygnacio Martínez">Ygnacio Martínez</a>.<a href="#cite_note-sfmuseum-early-63">[62]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Writing_better_articles#Stay_on_topic" title="Wikipedia:Writing better articles">relevant?</a>] <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:A_view_of_Yerba_Buena_(San_Francisco)._On_July_9,_1846,_Capt._Montgomery_of_the_Sloop_of_War_Portsmouth,_raised_the_American_Flag_in_the_plaza_and_seized_the_region_of_the_United_States_LCCN2004666425.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/A_view_of_Yerba_Buena_%28San_Francisco%29._On_July_9%2C_1846%2C_Capt._Montgomery_of_the_Sloop_of_War_Portsmouth%2C_raised_the_American_Flag_in_the_plaza_and_seized_the_region_of_the_United_States_LCCN2004666425.jpg/220px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/A_view_of_Yerba_Buena_%28San_Francisco%29._On_July_9%2C_1846%2C_Capt._Montgomery_of_the_Sloop_of_War_Portsmouth%2C_raised_the_American_Flag_in_the_plaza_and_seized_the_region_of_the_United_States_LCCN2004666425.jpg/330px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/A_view_of_Yerba_Buena_%28San_Francisco%29._On_July_9%2C_1846%2C_Capt._Montgomery_of_the_Sloop_of_War_Portsmouth%2C_raised_the_American_Flag_in_the_plaza_and_seized_the_region_of_the_United_States_LCCN2004666425.jpg/440px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5776" data-file-height="4208" /></a><figcaption>The 1846 <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Yerba_Buena" title="Battle of Yerba Buena">Battle of Yerba Buena</a> was an early U.S. victory in the <a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_California" title="Conquest of California">American conquest of California</a>.</figcaption></figure> Yerba Buena began to attract American and European settlers; an 1842 census listed 21 residents (11%) born in the United States or Europe, as well as one Filipino merchant.<a href="#cite_note-69">[68]</a> Following the <a href="/wiki/Bear_Flag_Revolt" class="mw-redirect" title="Bear Flag Revolt">Bear Flag Revolt</a> in Sonoma and the beginning of the <a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_California" title="Conquest of California">U.S. Conquest of California</a>, American forces from the <a href="/wiki/USS_Portsmouth_(1843)" title="USS Portsmouth (1843)">USS Portsmouth</a> under the command of <a href="/wiki/John_B._Montgomery" title="John B. Montgomery">John B. Montgomery</a> captured Yerba Buena on July 9, 1846, with little resistance from the local Californio population, raising the American flag over Yerba Buena plaza (later renamed Portsmouth Square in commemoration of this event). Following the capture, U.S. forces appointed both <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_de_Jes%C3%BAs_No%C3%A9" title="José de Jesús Noé">José de Jesús Noé</a> and <a href="/wiki/Washington_Allon_Bartlett" title="Washington Allon Bartlett">Washington Allon Bartlett</a> to serve as co-<a href="/wiki/Alcalde" title="Alcalde">alcaldes</a> (mayors), while the conquest continued on in the rest of California. On January 30, 1847, Mayor Bartlett ordained that the city should officially change its name from "Yerba Buena" to "San Francisco", as the former name was only locally recognized and the latter name was in use on international maps.<a href="#cite_note-70">[69]</a> There was also concern that a new town being planned by General Vallejo on the <a href="/wiki/Carquinez_Strait" title="Carquinez Strait">Carquinez Strait</a> was to be called "Francisca", after the first name of his wife. After the name change to "San Francisco", the name of Vallejo's town was changed to <a href="/wiki/Benicia,_California" title="Benicia, California">Benicia</a>, after his wife's middle name. Following the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Guadalupe_Hidalgo" title="Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo">Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo</a> in 1848, <a href="/wiki/Alta_California" title="Alta California">Alta California</a> was <a href="/wiki/Mexican_Cession" title="Mexican Cession">ceded from Mexico to the United States</a>. <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post-Conquest_era">Post-Conquest era</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Post-Conquest era">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:San_Francisco_in_July_1849_Painting_by_George_Henry_Burgess.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/San_Francisco_in_July_1849_Painting_by_George_Henry_Burgess.jpg/220px-San_Francisco_in_July_1849_Painting_by_George_Henry_Burgess.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/San_Francisco_in_July_1849_Painting_by_George_Henry_Burgess.jpg/330px-San_Francisco_in_July_1849_Painting_by_George_Henry_Burgess.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/San_Francisco_in_July_1849_Painting_by_George_Henry_Burgess.jpg/440px-San_Francisco_in_July_1849_Painting_by_George_Henry_Burgess.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="1710" /></a><figcaption>San Francisco in 1849, during the beginning of the <a href="/wiki/California_gold_rush" title="California gold rush">California gold rush</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SanFranciscoharbor1851c_sharp.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/SanFranciscoharbor1851c_sharp.jpg/220px-SanFranciscoharbor1851c_sharp.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/SanFranciscoharbor1851c_sharp.jpg/330px-SanFranciscoharbor1851c_sharp.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/SanFranciscoharbor1851c_sharp.jpg/440px-SanFranciscoharbor1851c_sharp.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2574" data-file-height="1727" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Port_of_San_Francisco" title="Port of San Francisco">Port of San Francisco</a> in 1851</figcaption></figure> Despite its attractive location as a port and naval base, post-Conquest San Francisco was still a small settlement with inhospitable geography.<a href="#cite_note-71">[70]</a> Situated at the tip of a windswept peninsula without water or firewood, San Francisco lacked most of the basic facilities for a 19th-century settlement. These natural disadvantages forced the town's residents to bring water, fuel and food to the site.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Its 1847 population was said to be 459.<a href="#cite_note-sfmuseum-early-63">[62]</a> The <a href="/wiki/California_gold_rush" title="California gold rush">California gold rush</a> brought a flood of treasure seekers (known as "forty-niners," as in "1849"). With their <a href="/wiki/Sourdough" title="Sourdough">sourdough bread</a> in tow,<a href="#cite_note-72">[71]</a> prospectors accumulated in San Francisco over rival <a href="/wiki/Benicia,_California" title="Benicia, California">Benicia</a>,<a href="#cite_note-73">[72]</a> raising the population from 1,000 in 1848 to 25,000 by December 1849.<a href="#cite_note-1849pop-74">[73]</a> The promise of wealth was so strong that crews on arriving vessels deserted and rushed off to the gold fields, leaving behind a forest of <a href="/wiki/Mast_(sailing)" title="Mast (sailing)">masts</a> in San Francisco harbor.<a href="#cite_note-buriedships-75">[74]</a> Some of these approximately 500 abandoned ships were used at times as <a href="/wiki/Storeship" class="mw-redirect" title="Storeship">storeships</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bar_(establishment)" title="Bar (establishment)">saloons</a>, and hotels; many were left to rot, and some were sunk to establish title to the underwater lot. By 1851, the harbor was extended out into the bay by wharves while buildings were erected on piles among the ships. By 1870, <a href="/wiki/Yerba_Buena_Cove" title="Yerba Buena Cove">Yerba Buena Cove</a> had been filled to create new land. Buried ships are occasionally exposed when foundations are dug for new buildings.<a href="#cite_note-buriedshipsSFgenalogy-76">[75]</a> California was quickly <a href="/wiki/Compromise_of_1850" title="Compromise of 1850">granted statehood</a> in 1850, and the U.S. military built <a href="/wiki/Fort_Point,_San_Francisco" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort Point, San Francisco">Fort Point</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Golden_Gate" title="Golden Gate">Golden Gate</a> and a fort on <a href="/wiki/Alcatraz_Island" title="Alcatraz Island">Alcatraz Island</a> to secure San Francisco Bay. San Francisco County was one of the state's 18 original counties established at California statehood in 1850.<a href="#cite_note-77">[76]</a> Until 1856, San Francisco's city limits extended west to <a href="/wiki/Divisadero_Street" title="Divisadero Street">Divisadero Street</a> and Castro Street, and south to 20th Street. In 1856, the California state government divided the county. A straight line was then drawn across the tip of the San Francisco Peninsula just north of <a href="/wiki/San_Bruno_Mountain" title="San Bruno Mountain">San Bruno Mountain</a>. Everything south of the line became the new San Mateo County while everything north of the line became the new consolidated City and County of San Francisco.<a href="#cite_note-78">[77]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bank_of_California_Building_San_Francisco_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Bank_of_California_Building_San_Francisco_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Bank_of_California_Building_San_Francisco_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Bank_of_California_Building_San_Francisco_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Bank_of_California_Building_San_Francisco_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Bank_of_California_Building_San_Francisco_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Bank_of_California_Building_San_Francisco_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="689" data-file-height="512" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Bank_of_California" title="Bank of California">Bank of California</a>, established in 1863, was the first commercial bank in <a href="/wiki/Western_United_States" title="Western United States">Western United States</a>.<a href="#cite_note-79">[78]</a></figcaption></figure> The California Gold Rush triggered a wave of entrepreneurial activity as individuals sought to capitalize on the newfound wealth. The discovery of silver deposits, notably the Comstock Lode in Nevada in 1859, further fueled rapid population growth and economic expansion.<a href="#cite_note-80">[79]</a> San Francisco, as the gateway to the goldfields, experienced a surge in population and commercial activity. However, the influx of fortune seekers also brought challenges. Lawlessness was rampant, and the <a href="/wiki/Barbary_Coast,_San_Francisco" title="Barbary Coast, San Francisco">Barbary Coast</a> district became synonymous with vice, attracting criminals, prostitutes, and illicit activities, including but not limited to prostitution, <a href="/wiki/Rum-running" title="Rum-running">bootlegging</a>, and gambling.<a href="#cite_note-81">[80]</a> The rapidly growing population, with its lawlessness, gambling and other vices, and the fact that there were no churches to be found, prompted missionaries like <a href="/wiki/William_Taylor_(missionary)" title="William Taylor (missionary)">William Taylor</a> to come to San Francisco where he began preaching in the streets, using an upright barrel as his pulpit. Taylor was able to garner enough generous donations from successful gold miners with which he used to build a church.<a href="#cite_note-82">[81]</a> One of the most influential figures of this era was <a href="/wiki/William_Chapman_Ralston" title="William Chapman Ralston">William Chapman Ralston</a>. A shrewd banker and investor, Ralston amassed considerable wealth and influence in San Francisco. He gained control over a significant portion of the <a href="/wiki/Comstock_Lode" title="Comstock Lode">Comstock Lode</a>'s gold and silver mines, establishing a virtual monopoly. Using his incredible clout, Ralston was able to generate millions of dollars for San Francisco during its heady boom years.<a href="#cite_note-83">[82]</a> He founded the <a href="/wiki/Bank_of_California" title="Bank of California">Bank of California</a>, the first bank in the Western United States, and built the opulent Palace Hotel, a symbol of San Francisco's newfound prosperity and the largest hotel in the country at the time.<a href="#cite_note-84">[83]</a> His financial empire, however, collapsed in 1875 as a result of the <a href="/wiki/Panic_of_1873" title="Panic of 1873">Panic of 1873</a>, triggering a major economic crisis in San Francisco. Development of the <a href="/wiki/Port_of_San_Francisco" title="Port of San Francisco">Port of San Francisco</a> and the establishment in 1869 of overland access to the eastern U.S. rail system via the newly completed <a href="/wiki/First_transcontinental_railroad" title="First transcontinental railroad">Pacific Railroad</a> (the construction of which the city only reluctantly helped support<a href="#cite_note-85">[84]</a>) helped make the Bay Area a center for trade. Catering to the needs and tastes of the growing population, <a href="/wiki/Levi_Strauss" title="Levi Strauss">Levi Strauss</a> opened a <a href="/wiki/Dry_goods" title="Dry goods">dry goods</a> business and <a href="/wiki/Domingo_Ghirardelli" title="Domingo Ghirardelli">Domingo Ghirardelli</a> began manufacturing chocolate. Chinese immigrants made the city a polyglot culture, drawn to "Old Gold Mountain," creating the city's <a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_San_Francisco" title="Chinatown, San Francisco">Chinatown</a> quarter. By 1880, Chinese made up 9.3% of the population.<a href="#cite_note-86">[85]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_City_of_San_Francisco,_panorama_by_Currier_%26_Ives,_1878_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/The_City_of_San_Francisco%2C_panorama_by_Currier_%26_Ives%2C_1878_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-The_City_of_San_Francisco%2C_panorama_by_Currier_%26_Ives%2C_1878_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/The_City_of_San_Francisco%2C_panorama_by_Currier_%26_Ives%2C_1878_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-The_City_of_San_Francisco%2C_panorama_by_Currier_%26_Ives%2C_1878_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/The_City_of_San_Francisco%2C_panorama_by_Currier_%26_Ives%2C_1878_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-The_City_of_San_Francisco%2C_panorama_by_Currier_%26_Ives%2C_1878_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4462" data-file-height="2717" /></a><figcaption>View of the city in 1878</figcaption></figure> The first <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_cable_car_system" title="San Francisco cable car system">cable cars</a> carried San Franciscans up <a href="/wiki/Clay_Street_Hill_Railroad" title="Clay Street Hill Railroad">Clay Street</a> in 1873. The city's sea of <a href="/wiki/Victorian_house" title="Victorian house">Victorian houses</a> began to take shape, and civic leaders campaigned for a spacious public park, resulting in plans for <a href="/wiki/Golden_Gate_Park" title="Golden Gate Park">Golden Gate Park</a>. San Franciscans built schools, churches, theaters, and all the hallmarks of civic life. The <a href="/wiki/Presidio_of_San_Francisco" title="Presidio of San Francisco">Presidio</a> developed into the most important American military installation on the Pacific coast.<a href="#cite_note-87">[86]</a> By 1890, San Francisco's population approached 300,000, making it the <a href="/wiki/Largest_cities_in_the_United_States_by_population_by_decade#1890" class="mw-redirect" title="Largest cities in the United States by population by decade">eighth-largest city</a> in the United States at the time. Around 1901, San Francisco was a major city known for its flamboyant style, stately hotels, ostentatious mansions on <a href="/wiki/Nob_Hill,_San_Francisco" title="Nob Hill, San Francisco">Nob Hill</a>, and a thriving arts scene.<a href="#cite_note-88">[87]</a> The first North American plague epidemic was the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_plague_of_1900%E2%80%931904" class="mw-redirect" title="San Francisco plague of 1900–1904">San Francisco plague of 1900–1904</a>.<a href="#cite_note-89">[88]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1906_earthquake_and_interwar_era">1906 earthquake and interwar era</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 1906 earthquake and interwar era">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Post-and-Grant-Avenue-Look.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Post-and-Grant-Avenue-Look.jpg/220px-Post-and-Grant-Avenue-Look.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Post-and-Grant-Avenue-Look.jpg/330px-Post-and-Grant-Avenue-Look.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Post-and-Grant-Avenue-Look.jpg/440px-Post-and-Grant-Avenue-Look.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2367" data-file-height="1500" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/1906_San_Francisco_earthquake" title="1906 San Francisco earthquake">1906 San Francisco earthquake</a> was the <a href="/wiki/List_of_disasters_in_the_United_States_by_death_toll" title="List of disasters in the United States by death toll">deadliest earthquake in U.S. history</a>.</figcaption></figure> At 5:12 am on April 18, 1906, a major <a href="/wiki/1906_San_Francisco_earthquake" title="1906 San Francisco earthquake">earthquake struck San Francisco</a> and northern California. As buildings collapsed from the shaking, ruptured <a href="/wiki/Pipeline_transport" class="mw-redirect" title="Pipeline transport">gas lines</a> ignited fires that spread across the city and burned out of control for several days. With <a href="/wiki/Water_main" class="mw-redirect" title="Water main">water mains</a> out of service, the <a href="/wiki/Presidio_of_San_Francisco" title="Presidio of San Francisco">Presidio</a> Artillery Corps attempted to contain the <a href="/wiki/Conflagration" title="Conflagration">inferno</a> by dynamiting blocks of buildings to create firebreaks.<a href="#cite_note-Funston-90">[89]</a> More than three-quarters of the city lay in ruins, including almost all of the downtown core.<a href="#cite_note-Montagne-30">[29]</a> Contemporary accounts reported that 498 people died, though modern estimates put the number in the several thousands.<a href="#cite_note-91">[90]</a> More than half of the city's population of 400,000 was left homeless.<a href="#cite_note-92">[91]</a> <a href="/wiki/Refugee" title="Refugee">Refugees</a> settled temporarily in makeshift tent villages in Golden Gate Park, the Presidio, on the beaches, and elsewhere. Many fled permanently to the <a href="/wiki/East_Bay_(San_Francisco_Bay_Area)" class="mw-redirect" title="East Bay (San Francisco Bay Area)">East Bay</a>. <a href="/wiki/Jack_London" title="Jack London">Jack London</a> is remembered for having famously eulogized the earthquake: "Not in history has a modern imperial city been so completely destroyed. San Francisco is gone."<a href="#cite_note-93">[92]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:General_View_of_Civic_Center_and_New_City_Hall_(Engineering_News-Record,_vol_75_no_26_p_1222_fig_2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/General_View_of_Civic_Center_and_New_City_Hall_%28Engineering_News-Record%2C_vol_75_no_26_p_1222_fig_2%29.jpg/300px-General_View_of_Civic_Center_and_New_City_Hall_%28Engineering_News-Record%2C_vol_75_no_26_p_1222_fig_2%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/General_View_of_Civic_Center_and_New_City_Hall_%28Engineering_News-Record%2C_vol_75_no_26_p_1222_fig_2%29.jpg/450px-General_View_of_Civic_Center_and_New_City_Hall_%28Engineering_News-Record%2C_vol_75_no_26_p_1222_fig_2%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/General_View_of_Civic_Center_and_New_City_Hall_%28Engineering_News-Record%2C_vol_75_no_26_p_1222_fig_2%29.jpg/600px-General_View_of_Civic_Center_and_New_City_Hall_%28Engineering_News-Record%2C_vol_75_no_26_p_1222_fig_2%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="813" data-file-height="404" /></a><figcaption>The reconstruction of <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_City_Hall" title="San Francisco City Hall">San Francisco City Hall</a> on <a href="/wiki/Civic_Center_Plaza" title="Civic Center Plaza">Civic Center Plaza</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1913–16</figcaption></figure> Rebuilding was rapid and performed on a grand scale. Rejecting calls to completely remake the street grid, San Franciscans opted for speed.<a href="#cite_note-NatTrust1-94">[93]</a> <a href="/wiki/Amadeo_Giannini" title="Amadeo Giannini">Amadeo Giannini</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Bank_of_Italy_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bank of Italy (United States)">Bank of Italy</a>, later to become <a href="/wiki/Bank_of_America" title="Bank of America">Bank of America</a>, provided loans for many of those whose livelihoods had been devastated. The influential <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Planning_and_Urban_Research_Association" class="mw-redirect" title="San Francisco Planning and Urban Research Association">San Francisco Planning and Urban Research Association</a> or SPUR was founded in 1910 to address the quality of housing after the earthquake.<a href="#cite_note-95">[94]</a> The earthquake hastened development of western neighborhoods that survived the fire, including <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Heights,_San_Francisco" title="Pacific Heights, San Francisco">Pacific Heights</a>, where many of the city's wealthy rebuilt their homes.<a href="#cite_note-96">[95]</a> In turn, the destroyed mansions of Nob Hill became grand hotels. <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_City_Hall" title="San Francisco City Hall">City Hall</a> rose again in the <a href="/wiki/Beaux-Arts_architecture" title="Beaux-Arts architecture">Beaux Arts</a> style, and the city celebrated its rebirth at the <a href="/wiki/Panama%E2%80%93Pacific_International_Exposition" title="Panama–Pacific International Exposition">Panama–Pacific International Exposition</a> in 1915.<a href="#cite_note-97">[96]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Flickr_-_%E2%80%A6trialsanderrors_-_Panama-Pacific_International_Exposition,_San_Francisco,_aeroplane_view,_1915.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flickr_-_%E2%80%A6trialsanderrors_-_Panama-Pacific_International_Exposition%2C_San_Francisco%2C_aeroplane_view%2C_1915.jpg/300px-Flickr_-_%E2%80%A6trialsanderrors_-_Panama-Pacific_International_Exposition%2C_San_Francisco%2C_aeroplane_view%2C_1915.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flickr_-_%E2%80%A6trialsanderrors_-_Panama-Pacific_International_Exposition%2C_San_Francisco%2C_aeroplane_view%2C_1915.jpg/450px-Flickr_-_%E2%80%A6trialsanderrors_-_Panama-Pacific_International_Exposition%2C_San_Francisco%2C_aeroplane_view%2C_1915.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flickr_-_%E2%80%A6trialsanderrors_-_Panama-Pacific_International_Exposition%2C_San_Francisco%2C_aeroplane_view%2C_1915.jpg/600px-Flickr_-_%E2%80%A6trialsanderrors_-_Panama-Pacific_International_Exposition%2C_San_Francisco%2C_aeroplane_view%2C_1915.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3393" data-file-height="1352" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Panama%E2%80%93Pacific_International_Exposition_(1915)" class="mw-redirect" title="Panama–Pacific International Exposition (1915)">Panama–Pacific Exposition</a>, a major <a href="/wiki/World%27s_fair" title="World's fair">world's fair</a> held in 1915, was seen as a chance to showcase the city's recovery from the earthquake.</figcaption></figure> During this period, San Francisco built some of its most important infrastructure. Civil Engineer <a href="/wiki/Michael_O%27Shaughnessy" title="Michael O'Shaughnessy">Michael O'Shaughnessy</a> was hired by San Francisco Mayor <a href="/wiki/James_Rolph" title="James Rolph">James Rolph</a> as chief engineer for the city in September 1912 to supervise the construction of the Twin Peaks Reservoir, the <a href="/wiki/Stockton_Street_Tunnel" title="Stockton Street Tunnel">Stockton Street Tunnel</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Twin_Peaks_Tunnel" title="Twin Peaks Tunnel">Twin Peaks Tunnel</a>, the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Municipal_Railway" title="San Francisco Municipal Railway">San Francisco Municipal Railway</a>, the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Fire_Department_Auxiliary_Water_Supply_System" title="San Francisco Fire Department Auxiliary Water Supply System">Auxiliary Water Supply System</a>, and new sewers. San Francisco's streetcar system, of which the <a href="/wiki/J_Church" title="J Church">J</a>, <a href="/wiki/K_Ingleside" title="K Ingleside">K</a>, <a href="/wiki/L_Taraval" title="L Taraval">L</a>, <a href="/wiki/M_Ocean_View" title="M Ocean View">M</a>, and <a href="/wiki/N_Judah" title="N Judah">N</a> lines survive today, was pushed to completion by O'Shaughnessy between 1915 and 1927. It was the <a href="/wiki/Hetch_Hetchy" title="Hetch Hetchy">O'Shaughnessy Dam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hetch_Hetchy_Reservoir" class="mw-redirect" title="Hetch Hetchy Reservoir">Hetch Hetchy Reservoir</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Hetch_Hetchy_Aqueduct" class="mw-redirect" title="Hetch Hetchy Aqueduct">Hetch Hetchy Aqueduct</a> that would have the largest effect on San Francisco.<a href="#cite_note-98">[97]</a> An abundant water supply enabled San Francisco to develop into the city it has become today. <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SF-Oakland-Bay-Bridge-Construction.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/SF-Oakland-Bay-Bridge-Construction.jpg/220px-SF-Oakland-Bay-Bridge-Construction.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/SF-Oakland-Bay-Bridge-Construction.jpg/330px-SF-Oakland-Bay-Bridge-Construction.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/SF-Oakland-Bay-Bridge-Construction.jpg/440px-SF-Oakland-Bay-Bridge-Construction.jpg 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="512" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco%E2%80%93Oakland_Bay_Bridge" title="San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge">Bay Bridge</a> under construction on <a href="/wiki/Yerba_Buena_Island" title="Yerba Buena Island">Yerba Buena Island</a> in 1935</figcaption></figure> In ensuing years, the city solidified its standing as a financial capital; in the wake of the <a href="/wiki/Wall_Street_Crash_of_1929" class="mw-redirect" title="Wall Street Crash of 1929">1929 stock market crash</a>, not a single San Francisco-based bank failed.<a href="#cite_note-99">[98]</a> Indeed, it was at the height of the <a href="/wiki/Great_Depression" title="Great Depression">Great Depression</a> that San Francisco undertook two great civil engineering projects, simultaneously constructing the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco%E2%80%93Oakland_Bay_Bridge" title="San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge">San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Golden_Gate_Bridge" title="Golden Gate Bridge">Golden Gate Bridge</a>, completing them in 1936 and 1937, respectively. It was in this period that the island of <a href="/wiki/Alcatraz_Island" title="Alcatraz Island">Alcatraz</a>, a former military stockade, began its service as a federal maximum security prison, housing notorious inmates such as <a href="/wiki/Al_Capone" title="Al Capone">Al Capone</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Robert_Franklin_Stroud" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Franklin Stroud">Robert Franklin Stroud</a>, the Birdman of Alcatraz. San Francisco later celebrated its regained grandeur with a <a href="/wiki/World%27s_fair" title="World's fair">World's fair</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Golden_Gate_International_Exposition" title="Golden Gate International Exposition">Golden Gate International Exposition</a> in 1939–40, creating <a href="/wiki/Treasure_Island,_San_Francisco" title="Treasure Island, San Francisco">Treasure Island</a> in the middle of the bay to house it.<a href="#cite_note-100">[99]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Contemporary_era">Contemporary era</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Contemporary era">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_in_the_1970s" title="San Francisco in the 1970s">San Francisco in the 1970s</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Alexander_Loudon,_de_Nederlandse_ambassadeur_in_de_Verenigde_Staten,_ondertekent_in_aanwezigheid_van_Charles_Olke_(II)_van_der_Plas_en_andere_leden_van_de_Nederlandse_delegatie_het_handvast_van_de_Uni,_KITLV_403000.tiff" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Alexander_Loudon%2C_de_Nederlandse_ambassadeur_in_de_Verenigde_Staten%2C_ondertekent_in_aanwezigheid_van_Charles_Olke_%28II%29_van_der_Plas_en_andere_leden_van_de_Nederlandse_delegatie_het_handvast_van_de_Uni%2C_KITLV_403000.tiff/lossy-page1-220px-thumbnail.tiff.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Alexander_Loudon%2C_de_Nederlandse_ambassadeur_in_de_Verenigde_Staten%2C_ondertekent_in_aanwezigheid_van_Charles_Olke_%28II%29_van_der_Plas_en_andere_leden_van_de_Nederlandse_delegatie_het_handvast_van_de_Uni%2C_KITLV_403000.tiff/lossy-page1-330px-thumbnail.tiff.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Alexander_Loudon%2C_de_Nederlandse_ambassadeur_in_de_Verenigde_Staten%2C_ondertekent_in_aanwezigheid_van_Charles_Olke_%28II%29_van_der_Plas_en_andere_leden_van_de_Nederlandse_delegatie_het_handvast_van_de_Uni%2C_KITLV_403000.tiff/lossy-page1-440px-thumbnail.tiff.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5781" data-file-height="4607" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> was created in San Francisco in 1945, when the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Charter" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Charter">United Nations Charter</a> was signed at the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Conference_on_International_Organization" title="United Nations Conference on International Organization">San Francisco Conference</a>.</figcaption></figure> During <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, the city-owned <a href="/wiki/Sharp_Park_Detention_Station" title="Sharp Park Detention Station">Sharp Park</a> in <a href="/wiki/Pacifica,_California" title="Pacifica, California">Pacifica</a> was used as an <a href="/wiki/Japanese_American_internment" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese American internment">internment camp</a> to detain <a href="/wiki/Japanese_Americans" title="Japanese Americans">Japanese Americans</a>.<a href="#cite_note-dark_past-101">[100]</a> <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Naval_Shipyard" class="mw-redirect" title="San Francisco Naval Shipyard">Hunters Point Naval Shipyard</a> became a hub of activity, and <a href="/wiki/Fort_Mason" title="Fort Mason">Fort Mason</a> became the primary port of embarkation for service members shipping out to the <a href="/wiki/Asiatic-Pacific_Theater" class="mw-redirect" title="Asiatic-Pacific Theater">Pacific Theater of Operations</a>.<a href="#cite_note-WWII-31">[30]</a> The explosion of jobs drew many people, especially <a href="/wiki/Second_Great_Migration_(African_American)" title="Second Great Migration (African American)">African Americans from the South</a>, to the area. After the end of the war, many military personnel returning from service abroad and civilians who had originally come to work decided to stay. The <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Charter" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Charter">United Nations Charter</a> creating the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> was drafted and signed in San Francisco in 1945 and, in 1951, the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_San_Francisco" title="Treaty of San Francisco">Treaty of San Francisco</a> re-established peaceful relations between Japan and the <a href="/wiki/Allies_of_World_War_II" title="Allies of World War II">Allied Powers</a>.<a href="#cite_note-102">[101]</a> Urban planning projects in the 1950s and 1960s involved widespread destruction and redevelopment of west-side neighborhoods and the construction of new <a href="/wiki/Freeway" class="mw-redirect" title="Freeway">freeways</a>, of which only a series of short segments were built before being halted by <a href="/wiki/Highway_revolts_in_the_United_States#San_Francisco" title="Highway revolts in the United States">citizen-led opposition</a>.<a href="#cite_note-103">[102]</a> The onset of <a href="/wiki/Containerization" title="Containerization">containerization</a> made San Francisco's small piers obsolete, and cargo activity moved to the larger <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Oakland" title="Port of Oakland">Port of Oakland</a>.<a href="#cite_note-104">[103]</a> The city began to lose industrial jobs and turned to tourism as the most important segment of its economy.<a href="#cite_note-105">[104]</a> The suburbs experienced rapid growth, and San Francisco underwent significant demographic change, as large segments of the white population left the city, supplanted by an increasing wave of <a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_the_United_States" title="Immigration to the United States">immigration</a> from Asia and Latin America.<a href="#cite_note-106">[105]</a><a href="#cite_note-107">[106]</a> From 1950 to 1980, the city lost over 10 percent of its population. <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:KFRC_Fantasy_Fair_Dryden_Balin_Kantner.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/KFRC_Fantasy_Fair_Dryden_Balin_Kantner.png/220px-KFRC_Fantasy_Fair_Dryden_Balin_Kantner.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/KFRC_Fantasy_Fair_Dryden_Balin_Kantner.png/330px-KFRC_Fantasy_Fair_Dryden_Balin_Kantner.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/KFRC_Fantasy_Fair_Dryden_Balin_Kantner.png/440px-KFRC_Fantasy_Fair_Dryden_Balin_Kantner.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="854" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Summer_of_Love" title="Summer of Love">Summer of Love</a> in 1967 was an influential <a href="/wiki/Counterculture_of_the_1960s" title="Counterculture of the 1960s">counterculture</a> phenomenon with as many as 100,000 people converging in San Francisco's <a href="/wiki/Haight-Ashbury" title="Haight-Ashbury">Haight-Ashbury</a> neighborhood.</figcaption></figure> Over this period, San Francisco became a magnet for America's <a href="/wiki/Counterculture_of_the_1960s" title="Counterculture of the 1960s">counterculture movement</a>. <a href="/wiki/Beat_Generation" title="Beat Generation">Beat Generation</a> writers fueled the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Renaissance" title="San Francisco Renaissance">San Francisco Renaissance</a> and centered on the <a href="/wiki/North_Beach,_San_Francisco" title="North Beach, San Francisco">North Beach</a> neighborhood in the 1950s.<a href="#cite_note-108">[107]</a> <a href="/wiki/Hippie" title="Hippie">Hippies</a> flocked to <a href="/wiki/Haight-Ashbury" title="Haight-Ashbury">Haight-Ashbury</a> in the 1960s, reaching a peak with the 1967 <a href="/wiki/Summer_of_Love" title="Summer of Love">Summer of Love</a>.<a href="#cite_note-109">[108]</a> In 1974, the <a href="/wiki/Zebra_murders" title="Zebra murders">Zebra murders</a> left at least 16 people dead.<a href="#cite_note-110">[109]</a> In the 1970s, the city became a center of the <a href="/wiki/LGBT_social_movements" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT social movements">gay rights movement</a>, with the emergence of <a href="/wiki/The_Castro,_San_Francisco" class="mw-redirect" title="The Castro, San Francisco">The Castro</a> as an urban <a href="/wiki/Gay_village" title="Gay village">gay village</a>, the election of <a href="/wiki/Harvey_Milk" title="Harvey Milk">Harvey Milk</a> to the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Board_of_Supervisors" title="San Francisco Board of Supervisors">Board of Supervisors</a>, and his <a href="/wiki/Moscone%E2%80%93Milk_assassinations" title="Moscone–Milk assassinations">assassination</a>, along with that of Mayor <a href="/wiki/George_Moscone" title="George Moscone">George Moscone</a>, in 1978.<a href="#cite_note-111">[110]</a> <a href="/wiki/Bank_of_America" title="Bank of America">Bank of America</a>, now based in <a href="/wiki/Charlotte,_North_Carolina" title="Charlotte, North Carolina">Charlotte</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a>, was founded in San Francisco; the bank completed <a href="/wiki/555_California_Street" title="555 California Street">555 California Street</a> in 1969. The <a href="/wiki/Transamerica_Pyramid" title="Transamerica Pyramid">Transamerica Pyramid</a> was completed in 1972,<a href="#cite_note-112">[111]</a> igniting a wave of "<a href="/wiki/Manhattanization" title="Manhattanization">Manhattanization</a>" that lasted until the late 1980s, a period of extensive high-rise development downtown.<a href="#cite_note-NatTrust2-113">[112]</a> The 1980s also saw a dramatic increase in the number of homeless people in the city, an issue that remains today, despite many attempts to address it.<a href="#cite_note-114">[113]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SF_Transamerica_full_CA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/SF_Transamerica_full_CA.jpg/170px-SF_Transamerica_full_CA.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="296" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/SF_Transamerica_full_CA.jpg/255px-SF_Transamerica_full_CA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/SF_Transamerica_full_CA.jpg/340px-SF_Transamerica_full_CA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="5221" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Transamerica_Pyramid" title="Transamerica Pyramid">Transamerica Pyramid</a>, built in 1972, characterized the <a href="/wiki/Manhattanization" title="Manhattanization">Manhattanization</a> of the city's skyline in the 1970–80s.</figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/1989_Loma_Prieta_earthquake" title="1989 Loma Prieta earthquake">1989 Loma Prieta earthquake</a> caused destruction and loss of life throughout the Bay Area. In San Francisco, the quake severely damaged structures in the <a href="/wiki/Marina_District,_San_Francisco" title="Marina District, San Francisco">Marina</a> and <a href="/wiki/South_of_Market,_San_Francisco" title="South of Market, San Francisco">South of Market</a> districts and precipitated the demolition of the damaged <a href="/wiki/California_State_Route_480" title="California State Route 480">Embarcadero Freeway</a> and much of the damaged <a href="/wiki/Central_Freeway" title="Central Freeway">Central Freeway</a>, allowing the city to reclaim <a href="/wiki/Embarcadero_(San_Francisco)" title="Embarcadero (San Francisco)">The Embarcadero</a> as its historic downtown waterfront and revitalizing the <a href="/wiki/Hayes_Valley,_San_Francisco" title="Hayes Valley, San Francisco">Hayes Valley</a> neighborhood.<a href="#cite_note-115">[114]</a> The two recent decades have seen booms driven by the internet industry. During the <a href="/wiki/Dot-com_bubble" title="Dot-com bubble">dot-com boom</a> of the late 1990s, <a href="/wiki/Startup_company" title="Startup company">startup companies</a> invigorated the San Francisco economy. Large numbers of entrepreneurs and computer application developers moved into the city, followed by marketing, design, and sales professionals, changing the social landscape as once poorer neighborhoods became increasingly <a href="/wiki/Gentrification" title="Gentrification">gentrified</a>.<a href="#cite_note-116">[115]</a> Demand for new housing and office space ignited a second wave of high-rise development, this time in the South of Market district.<a href="#cite_note-117">[116]</a> By 2000, the city's population reached new highs, surpassing the previous record set in 1950. When the bubble burst in 2001 and again in 2023, many of these companies folded and their employees were laid off. Yet high technology and entrepreneurship remain mainstays of the San Francisco economy. By the mid-2000s (decade), the <a href="/wiki/Web_2.0" title="Web 2.0">social media boom</a> had begun, with San Francisco becoming a popular location for tech offices and a common place to live for people employed in <a href="/wiki/Silicon_Valley" title="Silicon Valley">Silicon Valley</a> companies such as <a href="/wiki/Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple</a> and <a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a>.<a href="#cite_note-118">[117]</a> The early 2020s featured an exodus of tech companies from Downtown San Francisco in the wake of the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a> and struggles with homelessness and public drug use. Although some observers have raised the possibility that office vacancies and declining tax revenues could cause San Francisco to enter an economic <a href="/wiki/Urban_doom_loop" class="mw-redirect" title="Urban doom loop">doom loop</a>,<a href="#cite_note-SanFranDoomLoop-119">[118]</a><a href="#cite_note-SanFranDoomLoopCurbed-120">[119]</a> other sources have refuted this broad-based characterization of the city as a whole, asserting that the issues of concern are restricted primarily to the urban core of San Francisco.<a href="#cite_note-SanFranDoomLoopRefute-44">[43]</a><a href="#cite_note-121">[120]</a> As of March 2024, <a href="/wiki/Union_Square,_San_Francisco" title="Union Square, San Francisco">Union Square</a> was in "sorry shape" and had lost its traditional position as the Bay Area's regional shopping hub<a href="#cite_note-King-122">[121]</a> to <a href="/wiki/Westfield_Valley_Fair" title="Westfield Valley Fair">Westfield Valley Fair</a> in San Jose.<a href="#cite_note-Li-123">[122]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Ferry_Station_Post_Office_Building" title="Ferry Station Post Office Building">Ferry Station Post Office Building</a>, <a href="/wiki/Armour_%26_Co._Building" title="Armour & Co. Building">Armour & Co. Building</a>, <a href="/wiki/Atherton_House" title="Atherton House">Atherton House</a>, and <a href="/wiki/YMCA_Hotel_(San_Francisco,_California)" title="YMCA Hotel (San Francisco, California)">YMCA Hotel</a> are historic buildings among dozens of historical landmarks in the city, according to the <a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_San_Francisco" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in San Francisco">National Register of Historic Places listings in San Francisco</a>.<a href="#cite_note-124">[123]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Geography">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:San_Francisco_Peninsula_by_Sentinel-2,_2019-03-11_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/San_Francisco_Peninsula_by_Sentinel-2%2C_2019-03-11_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-San_Francisco_Peninsula_by_Sentinel-2%2C_2019-03-11_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/San_Francisco_Peninsula_by_Sentinel-2%2C_2019-03-11_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-San_Francisco_Peninsula_by_Sentinel-2%2C_2019-03-11_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/San_Francisco_Peninsula_by_Sentinel-2%2C_2019-03-11_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-San_Francisco_Peninsula_by_Sentinel-2%2C_2019-03-11_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1696" data-file-height="1416" /></a><figcaption>Satellite view of San Francisco</figcaption></figure> San Francisco is located on the <a href="/wiki/West_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="West Coast of the United States">West Coast of the United States</a>, at the north end of the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Peninsula" title="San Francisco Peninsula">San Francisco Peninsula</a> and includes significant stretches of the Pacific Ocean and <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Bay" title="San Francisco Bay">San Francisco Bay</a> within its boundaries. Several picturesque <a href="/wiki/Islands_of_San_Francisco_Bay" class="mw-redirect" title="Islands of San Francisco Bay">islands</a>—<a href="/wiki/Alcatraz_Island" title="Alcatraz Island">Alcatraz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Treasure_Island,_San_Francisco" title="Treasure Island, San Francisco">Treasure Island</a> and the adjacent <a href="/wiki/Yerba_Buena_Island" title="Yerba Buena Island">Yerba Buena Island</a>, and small portions of <a href="/wiki/Alameda_(island)" title="Alameda (island)">Alameda Island</a>, <a href="/wiki/Red_Rock_Island" title="Red Rock Island">Red Rock Island</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Angel_Island,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Angel Island, California">Angel Island</a>—are part of the city. Also included are the uninhabited <a href="/wiki/Farallon_Islands" title="Farallon Islands">Farallon Islands</a>, 27 miles (43 km) offshore in the Pacific Ocean. The mainland within the city limits roughly forms a "seven-by-seven-mile square," a common local colloquialism referring to the city's shape, though its total area, including water, is nearly 232 square miles (600 km2). There are more than 50 hills within the city limits.<a href="#cite_note-peak_experience-125">[124]</a> Some neighborhoods are named after the hill on which they are situated, including <a href="/wiki/Nob_Hill,_San_Francisco" title="Nob Hill, San Francisco">Nob Hill</a>, <a href="/wiki/Potrero_Hill" title="Potrero Hill">Potrero Hill</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Russian_Hill,_San_Francisco" title="Russian Hill, San Francisco">Russian Hill</a>. Near the geographic center of the city, southwest of the downtown area, are a series of less densely populated hills. <a href="/wiki/Twin_Peaks_(San_Francisco)" title="Twin Peaks (San Francisco)">Twin Peaks</a>, a pair of hills forming one of the city's highest points, forms an overlook spot. San Francisco's tallest hill, <a href="/wiki/Mount_Davidson_(California)" title="Mount Davidson (California)">Mount Davidson</a>, is 928 feet (283 m) high and is capped with a 103-foot (31 m) tall cross built in 1934.<a href="#cite_note-126">[125]</a> Dominating this area is <a href="/wiki/Sutro_Tower" title="Sutro Tower">Sutro Tower</a>, a large red and white radio and television transmission tower reaching 1,811 ft (552 m) above sea level. <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lake_Merced_Park,_Fort_Funston,_and_SF_Zoo_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Lake_Merced_Park%2C_Fort_Funston%2C_and_SF_Zoo_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Lake_Merced_Park%2C_Fort_Funston%2C_and_SF_Zoo_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Lake_Merced_Park%2C_Fort_Funston%2C_and_SF_Zoo_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Lake_Merced_Park%2C_Fort_Funston%2C_and_SF_Zoo_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Lake_Merced_Park%2C_Fort_Funston%2C_and_SF_Zoo_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Lake_Merced_Park%2C_Fort_Funston%2C_and_SF_Zoo_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2060" data-file-height="1445" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Lake_Merced" title="Lake Merced">Lake Merced</a>, located in southwestern San Francisco</figcaption></figure> The nearby <a href="/wiki/San_Andreas_Fault" title="San Andreas Fault">San Andreas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hayward_Fault" class="mw-redirect" title="Hayward Fault">Hayward Faults</a> are responsible for much earthquake activity, although neither physically passes through the city itself. The San Andreas Fault caused the earthquakes in 1906 and 1989. Minor earthquakes occur on a regular basis. The threat of major earthquakes plays a large role in the city's infrastructure development. The city constructed an <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Fire_Department_Auxiliary_Water_Supply_System" title="San Francisco Fire Department Auxiliary Water Supply System">auxiliary water supply system</a> and has repeatedly upgraded its building codes, requiring retrofits for older buildings and higher engineering standards for new construction.<a href="#cite_note-127">[126]</a> However, there are still thousands of smaller buildings that remain vulnerable to quake damage.<a href="#cite_note-128">[127]</a> USGS has released the <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> earthquake forecast which models earthquake occurrence in California.<a href="#cite_note-129">[128]</a> San Francisco's shoreline has grown beyond its natural limits. Entire neighborhoods such as the <a href="/wiki/Marina_District,_San_Francisco" title="Marina District, San Francisco">Marina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mission_Bay,_San_Francisco" title="Mission Bay, San Francisco">Mission Bay</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Hunters_Point,_San_Francisco" class="mw-redirect" title="Hunters Point, San Francisco">Hunters Point</a>, as well as large sections of the <a href="/wiki/Embarcadero_(San_Francisco)" title="Embarcadero (San Francisco)">Embarcadero</a>, sit on areas of <a href="/wiki/Land_reclamation" title="Land reclamation">landfill</a>. Treasure Island was constructed from material dredged from the bay as well as material resulting from the excavation of the <a href="/wiki/Yerba_Buena_Tunnel" title="Yerba Buena Tunnel">Yerba Buena Tunnel</a> through <a href="/wiki/Yerba_Buena_Island" title="Yerba Buena Island">Yerba Buena Island</a> during the construction of the Bay Bridge. Such land tends to be unstable during earthquakes. The resulting <a href="/wiki/Soil_liquefaction" title="Soil liquefaction">soil liquefaction</a> causes extensive damage to property built upon it, as was evidenced in the Marina district during the <a href="/wiki/1989_Loma_Prieta_earthquake" title="1989 Loma Prieta earthquake">1989 Loma Prieta earthquake</a>.<a href="#cite_note-130">[129]</a> A few natural lakes and creeks (<a href="/wiki/Lake_Merced" title="Lake Merced">Lake Merced</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mountain_Lake_Park" title="Mountain Lake Park">Mountain Lake</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pine_Lake_(San_Francisco)" title="Pine Lake (San Francisco)">Pine Lake</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lobos_Creek" title="Lobos Creek">Lobos Creek</a>, <a href="/wiki/El_Polin_Spring" class="mw-redirect" title="El Polin Spring">El Polin Spring</a>) are within parks and remain protected in what is essentially their original form, but most of the city's natural watercourses, such as <a href="/wiki/Islais_Creek" title="Islais Creek">Islais Creek</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mission_Creek" title="Mission Creek">Mission Creek</a>, have been partially or completely <a href="/wiki/Culvert" title="Culvert">culverted</a> and built over. Since the 1990s, however, the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Public_Utilities_Commission" title="San Francisco Public Utilities Commission">Public Utilities Commission</a> has been studying proposals to daylight or restore some creeks.<a href="#cite_note-131">[130]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Neighborhoods">Neighborhoods</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Neighborhoods">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Neighborhoods_in_San_Francisco" class="mw-redirect" title="Neighborhoods in San Francisco">Neighborhoods in San Francisco</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_Landmarks_and_Historic_Places_in_San_Francisco" title="List of Landmarks and Historic Places in San Francisco">List of Landmarks and Historic Places in San Francisco</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_in_San_Francisco" title="List of tallest buildings in San Francisco">List of tallest buildings in San Francisco</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:San_Francisco_in_2018.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/San_Francisco_in_2018.jpg/220px-San_Francisco_in_2018.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/San_Francisco_in_2018.jpg/330px-San_Francisco_in_2018.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/San_Francisco_in_2018.jpg/440px-San_Francisco_in_2018.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4272" data-file-height="2848" /></a><figcaption>View of the city's central districts along its northeastern coastline</figcaption></figure> An Historical Center of San Francisco monument,<a href="#cite_note-sfG/rs/unP-132">[131]</a> where the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_City_Hall#History" title="San Francisco City Hall">1899-1906 City Hall</a> was once located,<a href="#cite_note-a&A/Csf-133">[132]</a> is in <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Plaza_(San_Francisco)" title="United Nations Plaza (San Francisco)">United Nations Plaza</a>, at <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=San_Francisco&params=37.7800397_N_122.4135943_W_">37°46′48″N 122°24′49″W / 37.7800397°N 122.4135943°W / 37.7800397; -122.4135943</a> The earliest center of San Francisco is <a href="/wiki/Portsmouth_Square" title="Portsmouth Square">Portsmouth Square</a>, in the northeast quadrant of the city anchored by <a href="/wiki/Market_Street_(San_Francisco)" title="Market Street (San Francisco)">Market Street</a> and the waterfront. Here in the northeast quadrant, the <a href="/wiki/Financial_District,_San_Francisco" title="Financial District, San Francisco">Financial District</a> is centered, with <a href="/wiki/Union_Square_(San_Francisco)" class="mw-redirect" title="Union Square (San Francisco)">Union Square</a>, the principal shopping and hotel district, and the <a href="/wiki/Tenderloin,_San_Francisco" title="Tenderloin, San Francisco">Tenderloin</a> nearby. <a href="/wiki/Cable_car_(railway)" title="Cable car (railway)">Cable cars</a> carry riders up steep inclines to the summit of <a href="/wiki/Nob_Hill" class="mw-redirect" title="Nob Hill">Nob Hill</a>, once the home of the city's business tycoons, and down to the waterfront tourist attractions of <a href="/wiki/Fisherman%27s_Wharf,_San_Francisco" title="Fisherman's Wharf, San Francisco">Fisherman's Wharf</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Pier_39" title="Pier 39">Pier 39</a>, where many restaurants feature <a href="/wiki/Dungeness_crab" title="Dungeness crab">Dungeness crab</a> from a still-active fishing industry. Also in this quadrant are <a href="/wiki/Russian_Hill,_San_Francisco" title="Russian Hill, San Francisco">Russian Hill</a>, a residential neighborhood with the famously crooked <a href="/wiki/Lombard_Street_(San_Francisco)" title="Lombard Street (San Francisco)">Lombard Street</a>; <a href="/wiki/North_Beach,_San_Francisco" title="North Beach, San Francisco">North Beach</a>, the city's <a href="/wiki/Little_Italy" title="Little Italy">Little Italy</a> and the former center of the <a href="/wiki/Beat_Generation" title="Beat Generation">Beat Generation</a>; and <a href="/wiki/Telegraph_Hill,_San_Francisco" title="Telegraph Hill, San Francisco">Telegraph Hill</a>, which features <a href="/wiki/Coit_Tower" title="Coit Tower">Coit Tower</a>. Abutting Russian Hill and North Beach is San Francisco's <a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_San_Francisco" title="Chinatown, San Francisco">Chinatown</a>, the oldest <a href="/wiki/Chinatown" title="Chinatown">Chinatown</a> in North America.<a href="#cite_note-134">[133]</a><a href="#cite_note-135">[134]</a><a href="#cite_note-Bacon,_Daniel_pages_52-53-136">[135]</a><a href="#cite_note-137">[136]</a> The <a href="/wiki/South_of_Market,_San_Francisco" title="South of Market, San Francisco">South of Market</a>, which was once San Francisco's industrial core, has seen significant redevelopment following the construction of <a href="/wiki/Oracle_Park" title="Oracle Park">Oracle Park</a> and an infusion of <a href="/wiki/Startup_company" title="Startup company">startup companies</a>. New skyscrapers, live-work lofts, and condominiums dot the area. Further development is taking place just to the south in <a href="/wiki/Mission_Bay,_San_Francisco" title="Mission Bay, San Francisco">Mission Bay</a> area, a former railroad yard, which now has a second campus of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_San_Francisco" title="University of California, San Francisco">University of California, San Francisco</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chase_Center" title="Chase Center">Chase Center</a>, which opened in <a href="/wiki/2019%E2%80%9320_Golden_State_Warriors_season" title="2019–20 Golden State Warriors season">2019</a> as the new home of the <a href="/wiki/Golden_State_Warriors" title="Golden State Warriors">Golden State Warriors</a>.<a href="#cite_note-138">[137]</a> West of downtown, across <a href="/wiki/Van_Ness_Avenue_(San_Francisco)" class="mw-redirect" title="Van Ness Avenue (San Francisco)">Van Ness Avenue</a>, lies the large <a href="/wiki/Western_Addition,_San_Francisco" title="Western Addition, San Francisco">Western Addition</a> neighborhood, which became established with a large African American population after <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>. The Western Addition is usually divided into smaller neighborhoods including <a href="/wiki/Hayes_Valley,_San_Francisco" title="Hayes Valley, San Francisco">Hayes Valley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fillmore_District,_San_Francisco" title="Fillmore District, San Francisco">the Fillmore</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Japantown,_San_Francisco" title="Japantown, San Francisco">Japantown</a>, which was once the largest Japantown in North America but suffered when its <a href="/wiki/Japanese_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese American">Japanese American</a> residents were <a href="/wiki/Japanese_American_internment" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese American internment">forcibly removed and interned</a> during World War II. The Western Addition survived the <a href="/wiki/1906_San_Francisco_earthquake" title="1906 San Francisco earthquake">1906 earthquake</a> with its <a href="/wiki/Victorian_house" title="Victorian house">Victorians</a> largely intact, including the famous "<a href="/wiki/Painted_Ladies" class="mw-redirect" title="Painted Ladies">Painted Ladies</a>," standing alongside <a href="/wiki/Alamo_Square" class="mw-redirect" title="Alamo Square">Alamo Square</a>. To the south, near the geographic center of the city is <a href="/wiki/Haight-Ashbury" title="Haight-Ashbury">Haight-Ashbury</a>, famously associated with 1960s <a href="/wiki/Hippie" title="Hippie">hippie</a> culture.<a href="#cite_note-139">[138]</a> The Haight is now[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Relative_time_references" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch">timeframe?</a>] home to some expensive boutiques<a href="#cite_note-140">[139]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS">better source needed</a>] and a few controversial chain stores,<a href="#cite_note-141">[140]</a> although it still retains[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Relative_time_references" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch">timeframe?</a>][<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] some <a href="/wiki/Bohemianism" title="Bohemianism">bohemian</a> character. <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SF_Chinatown_CA_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/SF_Chinatown_CA_%28cropped%29.jpg/170px-SF_Chinatown_CA_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="190" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/SF_Chinatown_CA_%28cropped%29.jpg/255px-SF_Chinatown_CA_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/SF_Chinatown_CA_%28cropped%29.jpg/340px-SF_Chinatown_CA_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1704" data-file-height="1901" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_San_Francisco" title="Chinatown, San Francisco">San Francisco Chinatown</a>, the oldest in North America and one of the world's largest.</figcaption></figure> North of the Western Addition is <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Heights,_San_Francisco" title="Pacific Heights, San Francisco">Pacific Heights</a>, an affluent neighborhood that features the homes built by wealthy San Franciscans in the wake of the 1906 earthquake. Directly north of Pacific Heights facing the waterfront is the <a href="/wiki/Marina_District,_San_Francisco" title="Marina District, San Francisco">Marina</a>, a neighborhood popular with young professionals that was largely built on reclaimed land from the Bay.<a href="#cite_note-142">[141]</a> In the southeast quadrant of the city is the <a href="/wiki/Mission_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Mission District">Mission District</a>—populated in the 19th century by <a href="/wiki/Californios" title="Californios">Californios</a> and working-class immigrants from Germany, Ireland, Italy, and Scandinavia. In the 1910s, a wave of Central American immigrants settled in the Mission and, in the 1950s, immigrants from <a href="/wiki/Mexican_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Mexican American">Mexico</a> began to predominate.<a href="#cite_note-143">[142]</a> In recent years, gentrification has changed the demographics of parts of the Mission from Latino, to <a href="/wiki/Twentysomething_(term)" class="mw-redirect" title="Twentysomething (term)">twenty-something</a> professionals. <a href="/wiki/Noe_Valley,_San_Francisco" title="Noe Valley, San Francisco">Noe Valley</a> to the southwest and <a href="/wiki/Bernal_Heights,_San_Francisco" title="Bernal Heights, San Francisco">Bernal Heights</a> to the south are both increasingly popular among young families with children. East of the Mission is the <a href="/wiki/Potrero_Hill" title="Potrero Hill">Potrero Hill</a> neighborhood, a mostly residential neighborhood that features sweeping views of downtown San Francisco. West of the Mission, the area historically known as <a href="/wiki/Eureka_Valley,_San_Francisco" title="Eureka Valley, San Francisco">Eureka Valley</a>, now popularly called <a href="/wiki/The_Castro,_San_Francisco" class="mw-redirect" title="The Castro, San Francisco">the Castro</a>, was once a working-class Scandinavian and Irish area. It has become North America's first <a href="/wiki/Gay_village" title="Gay village">gay village</a>, and is now the center of <a href="/wiki/Homosexuality" title="Homosexuality">gay</a> life in the city.<a href="#cite_note-144">[143]</a> Located near the city's southern border, the <a href="/wiki/Excelsior_District,_San_Francisco" title="Excelsior District, San Francisco">Excelsior District</a> is one of the most ethnically diverse neighborhoods in San Francisco. The <a href="/wiki/Bayview%E2%80%93Hunters_Point,_San_Francisco" title="Bayview–Hunters Point, San Francisco">Bayview-Hunters Point</a> in the far southeast corner of the city is one of the poorest neighborhoods, though the area has been the focus of several revitalizing and <a href="/wiki/Urban_renewal" title="Urban renewal">urban renewal</a> projects. <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:FerryBuildingEmbarcaderoBayBridge.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/FerryBuildingEmbarcaderoBayBridge.JPG/220px-FerryBuildingEmbarcaderoBayBridge.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/FerryBuildingEmbarcaderoBayBridge.JPG/330px-FerryBuildingEmbarcaderoBayBridge.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/FerryBuildingEmbarcaderoBayBridge.JPG/440px-FerryBuildingEmbarcaderoBayBridge.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Ferry_Building" title="San Francisco Ferry Building">Ferry Building</a>, located in the <a href="/wiki/Embarcadero_(San_Francisco)" title="Embarcadero (San Francisco)">Embarcadero</a>, the city's eastern waterfront along San Francisco Bay</figcaption></figure> The construction of the <a href="/wiki/Twin_Peaks_Tunnel" title="Twin Peaks Tunnel">Twin Peaks Tunnel</a> in 1918 connected southwest neighborhoods to downtown via streetcar, hastening the development of <a href="/wiki/West_Portal,_San_Francisco" title="West Portal, San Francisco">West Portal</a>, and nearby affluent <a href="/wiki/Forest_Hill,_San_Francisco" title="Forest Hill, San Francisco">Forest Hill</a> and <a href="/wiki/St._Francis_Wood,_San_Francisco" title="St. Francis Wood, San Francisco">St. Francis Wood</a>. Further west, stretching all the way to the Pacific Ocean and north to <a href="/wiki/Golden_Gate_Park" title="Golden Gate Park">Golden Gate Park</a> lies the vast <a href="/wiki/Sunset_District,_San_Francisco" title="Sunset District, San Francisco">Sunset District</a>, a large middle-class area with a predominantly Asian population.<a href="#cite_note-145">[144]</a> The northwestern quadrant of the city contains the <a href="/wiki/Richmond_District,_San_Francisco" title="Richmond District, San Francisco">Richmond</a>, a mostly middle-class neighborhood north of Golden Gate Park, home to immigrants from other parts of Asia as well as many <a href="/wiki/Russian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian people">Russian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukrainian people">Ukrainian</a> immigrants. Together, these areas are known as <a href="/wiki/Neighborhoods_in_San_Francisco" class="mw-redirect" title="Neighborhoods in San Francisco">The Avenues</a>. These two districts are each sometimes further divided into two regions: the Outer Richmond and Outer Sunset can refer to the more western portions of their respective district and the Inner Richmond and Inner Sunset can refer to the more eastern portions. Many piers remained derelict for years until the demolition of the <a href="/wiki/Embarcadero_Freeway" class="mw-redirect" title="Embarcadero Freeway">Embarcadero Freeway</a> reopened the downtown waterfront, allowing for redevelopment. The centerpiece of the port, the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Ferry_Building" title="San Francisco Ferry Building">Ferry Building</a>, while still receiving commuter ferry traffic, has been restored and redeveloped as a gourmet marketplace. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Climate">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:San_francisco_in_fog_with_rays.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/San_francisco_in_fog_with_rays.jpg/180px-San_francisco_in_fog_with_rays.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="193" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/San_francisco_in_fog_with_rays.jpg/270px-San_francisco_in_fog_with_rays.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/San_francisco_in_fog_with_rays.jpg/360px-San_francisco_in_fog_with_rays.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="3222" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_fog" title="San Francisco fog">San Francisco fog</a> is a regular phenomenon in the summer.</figcaption></figure> San Francisco has a <a href="/wiki/Warm-summer_Mediterranean_climate" class="mw-redirect" title="Warm-summer Mediterranean climate">warm-summer Mediterranean climate</a> (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen</a>: Csb, <a href="/wiki/Trewartha_climate_classification" title="Trewartha climate classification">Trewartha</a>: Csll), characteristic of California's coast, with moist winters and dry summers.<a href="#cite_note-146">[145]</a> San Francisco's weather is strongly influenced by the <a href="/wiki/California_Current" title="California Current">cool currents</a> of the Pacific Ocean on the west side of the city, and the water of <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Bay" title="San Francisco Bay">San Francisco Bay</a> to the north and east. This moderates temperature swings and produces a remarkably mild year-round climate with little seasonal temperature variation.<a href="#cite_note-147">[146]</a> Among major U.S. cities, San Francisco has the coolest daily mean, maximum, and minimum temperatures for June, July, and August.<a href="#cite_note-148">[147]</a> During the summer, rising hot air in California's interior valleys creates a low-pressure area that draws winds from the <a href="/wiki/North_Pacific_High" title="North Pacific High">North Pacific High</a> through the <a href="/wiki/Golden_Gate" title="Golden Gate">Golden Gate</a>, which creates the city's <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_fog" title="San Francisco fog">characteristic cool winds and fog</a>.<a href="#cite_note-149">[148]</a> The fog is less pronounced in eastern neighborhoods and during the late summer and early fall. As a result, the year's warmest month, on average, is September, and on average, October is warmer than July, especially in daytime. Temperatures reach or exceed 80 °F (27 °C) on an average of only 21 and 23 days a year at downtown and <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_International_Airport" title="San Francisco International Airport">San Francisco International Airport</a> (SFO), respectively.<a href="#cite_note-San_Francisco_NOAA-150">[149]</a> The dry period of May to October is mild to warm, with the normal monthly mean temperature peaking in September at 62.7 °F (17.1 °C).<a href="#cite_note-San_Francisco_NOAA-150">[149]</a> The rainy period of November to April is slightly cooler, with the normal monthly mean temperature reaching its lowest in January at 51.3 °F (10.7 °C).<a href="#cite_note-San_Francisco_NOAA-150">[149]</a> On average, there are 73 rainy days a year, and annual precipitation averages 23.65 inches (601 mm).<a href="#cite_note-San_Francisco_NOAA-150">[149]</a> Variation in precipitation from year to year is high. Above-average rain years are often associated with warm <a href="/wiki/El_Ni%C3%B1o" class="mw-redirect" title="El Niño">El Niño</a> conditions in the Pacific while dry years often occur in cold water <a href="/wiki/La_Ni%C3%B1a" class="mw-redirect" title="La Niña">La Niña</a> periods. In 2013 (a "La Niña" year), a record low 5.59 in (142 mm) of rainfall was recorded at downtown San Francisco, where records have been kept since 1849.<a href="#cite_note-San_Francisco_NOAA-150">[149]</a> Snowfall in the city is very rare, with only 10 measurable accumulations recorded since 1852, most recently in 1976 when up to 5 inches (13 cm) fell on Twin Peaks.<a href="#cite_note-151">[150]</a><a href="#cite_note-152">[151]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:View_from_Mirounga_Bay.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/View_from_Mirounga_Bay.jpg/220px-View_from_Mirounga_Bay.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/View_from_Mirounga_Bay.jpg/330px-View_from_Mirounga_Bay.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/View_from_Mirounga_Bay.jpg/440px-View_from_Mirounga_Bay.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="748" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Farallon_Islands" title="Farallon Islands">Farallon Islands</a> are located in the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_the_Farallones" title="Gulf of the Farallones">Gulf of the Farallones</a>, off the <a href="/wiki/West_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="West Coast of the United States">Pacific coast</a> of San Francisco.</figcaption></figure> The highest recorded temperature at the official <a href="/wiki/National_Weather_Service" title="National Weather Service">National Weather Service</a> downtown observation station<a href="#cite_note-154">[a]</a> was 106 °F (41 °C) on September 1, 2017.<a href="#cite_note-155">[153]</a> During that hot spell, the warmest ever night of 71 °F (22 °C) was also recorded.<a href="#cite_note-San_Francisco_NOAA2-156">[154]</a> The lowest recorded temperature was 27 °F (−3 °C) on December 11, 1932.<a href="#cite_note-157">[155]</a> During an average year between 1991 and 2020, San Francisco recorded a warmest night at 64 °F (18 °C) and a coldest day at 49 °F (9 °C).<a href="#cite_note-San_Francisco_NOAA-150">[149]</a> The coldest daytime high since the station's opening in 1945 was recorded in December 1972 at 37 °F (3 °C).<a href="#cite_note-San_Francisco_NOAA-150">[149]</a> As a coastal city, San Francisco will be heavily affected by <a href="/wiki/Climate_change" title="Climate change">climate change</a>. As of 2021<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit">[update]</a>, sea levels are projected to rise by as much as 5 feet (1.5 m), resulting in periodic flooding, rising groundwater levels, and lowland floods from more severe storms.<a href="#cite_note-158">[156]</a> San Francisco falls under the <a href="/wiki/USDA" class="mw-redirect" title="USDA">USDA</a> 10b Plant <a href="/wiki/Hardiness_zone" title="Hardiness zone">hardiness zone</a>, though some areas, particularly downtown, border zone 11a.<a href="#cite_note-159">[157]</a><a href="#cite_note-160">[158]</a> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output 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class="navbar-ct-mini">Climate data for San Francisco (downtown),<a href="#cite_note-161">[b]</a> 1991–2020 normals,<a href="#cite_note-162">[c]</a> extremes 1849–present</div> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #FF6A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">79 (26) </td> <td style="background: #FF6300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">81 (27) </td> <td style="background: #FF4800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">87 (31) </td> <td style="background: #FF3300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">94 (34) </td> <td style="background: #FF2500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">97 (36) </td> <td style="background: #FF1100; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">103 (39) </td> <td style="background: #FF1F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">99 (37) </td> <td style="background: #FF1F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">98 (37) </td> <td style="background: #FF0300; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">106 (41) </td> <td style="background: #FF1100; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">102 (39) </td> <td style="background: #FF4F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">86 (30) </td> <td style="background: #FF7800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">76 (24) </td> <td style="background: #FF0300; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">106 (41) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean maximum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #FF9730; color:#000000;" class="notheme">67.1 (19.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF850C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">71.8 (22.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF7300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">76.4 (24.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF6300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">80.7 (27.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF6100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">81.4 (27.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF5400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">84.6 (29.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF6400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">80.5 (26.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF5800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">83.4 (28.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF3C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">90.8 (32.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF4700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">87.9 (31.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF7600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">75.8 (24.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF9A35; color:#000000;" class="notheme">66.4 (19.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF3000; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">94.0 (34.4) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #FFBB77; color:#000000;" class="notheme">57.8 (14.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFB163; color:#000000;" class="notheme">60.4 (15.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFAA56; color:#000000;" class="notheme">62.1 (16.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFA74F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">63.0 (17.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFA347; color:#000000;" class="notheme">64.1 (17.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF9934; color:#000000;" class="notheme">66.5 (19.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF9A35; color:#000000;" class="notheme">66.3 (19.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF942A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">67.9 (19.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF8B18; color:#000000;" class="notheme">70.2 (21.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF8D1B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">69.8 (21.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFA44A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">63.7 (17.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFBA76; color:#000000;" class="notheme">57.9 (14.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFA347; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">64.1 (17.8) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #FFD0A2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">52.2 (11.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFC993; color:#000000;" class="notheme">54.2 (12.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFC388; color:#000000;" class="notheme">55.5 (13.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFC081; color:#000000;" class="notheme">56.4 (13.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFBB77; color:#000000;" class="notheme">57.8 (14.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFB368; color:#000000;" class="notheme">59.7 (15.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFB164; color:#000000;" class="notheme">60.3 (15.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFAC59; color:#000000;" class="notheme">61.7 (16.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFA74F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">62.9 (17.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFAA56; color:#000000;" class="notheme">62.1 (16.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFBD7C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">57.2 (14.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFCF9F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">52.5 (11.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFBB77; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">57.7 (14.3) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #FFE6CD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">46.6 (8.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFE1C3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">47.9 (8.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFDDBB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">48.9 (9.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFDAB5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">49.7 (9.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFD3A8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">51.4 (10.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFCD9B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">53.0 (11.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFC892; color:#000000;" class="notheme">54.4 (12.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFC388; color:#000000;" class="notheme">55.5 (13.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFC388; color:#000000;" class="notheme">55.6 (13.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFC892; color:#000000;" class="notheme">54.4 (12.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFD6AD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">50.7 (10.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFE4CA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">47.0 (8.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFD4A9; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">51.3 (10.7) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean minimum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #FFFDFC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">40.5 (4.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFF7EF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">42.0 (5.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFF1E3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">43.7 (6.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFECD9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">45.0 (7.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFE0C2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">48.0 (8.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFD8B1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">50.1 (10.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFD2A6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">51.6 (10.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFCE9D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">52.9 (11.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFD1A4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">52.0 (11.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFD9B4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">49.9 (9.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFECD9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">44.9 (7.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFFCFA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">40.7 (4.8) </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">38.8 (3.8) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #DBDBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29 (−2) </td> <td style="background: #E1E1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31 (−1) </td> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33 (1) </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">40 (4) </td> <td style="background: #FFF4EA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">42 (6) </td> <td style="background: #FFE6CE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">46 (8) </td> <td style="background: #FFE6CE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">47 (8) </td> <td style="background: #FFE6CE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">46 (8) </td> <td style="background: #FFE6CE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">47 (8) </td> <td style="background: #FFF4EA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">43 (6) </td> <td style="background: #F6F6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">38 (3) </td> <td style="background: #D6D6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27 (−3) </td> <td style="background: #D6D6FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">27 (−3) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> inches (mm) </th> <td style="background: #58FF58; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.40 (112) </td> <td style="background: #49FF49; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.37 (111) </td> <td style="background: #87FF87; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.15 (80) </td> <td style="background: #BFFFBF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.60 (41) </td> <td style="background: #E4FFE4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.70 (18) </td> <td style="background: #F7FFF7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.20 (5.1) </td> <td style="background: #FEFFFE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.01 (0.25) </td> <td style="background: #FCFFFC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.06 (1.5) </td> <td style="background: #FBFFFB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.10 (2.5) </td> <td style="background: #DBFFDB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.94 (24) </td> <td style="background: #99FF99; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.60 (66) </td> <td style="background: #4AFF4A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.76 (121) </td> <td style="background: #B5FFB5; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">22.89 (581) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) </th> <td style="background: #7474FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.2 </td> <td style="background: #6C6CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.8 </td> <td style="background: #7979FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.8 </td> <td style="background: #A8A8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.8 </td> <td style="background: #CDCDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.0 </td> <td style="background: #EAEAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.6 </td> <td style="background: #F6F6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.7 </td> <td style="background: #F1F1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.1 </td> <td style="background: #EFEFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.2 </td> <td style="background: #D3D3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.5 </td> <td style="background: #9A9AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.9 </td> <td style="background: #6F6FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.6 </td> <td style="background: #B4B4FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">71.2 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #0000CB; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">80 </td> <td style="background: #0000D7; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">77 </td> <td style="background: #0000DF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">75 </td> <td style="background: #0000EA; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">72 </td> <td style="background: #0000EA; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">72 </td> <td style="background: #0000EE; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">71 </td> <td style="background: #0000DF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">75 </td> <td style="background: #0000DF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">75 </td> <td style="background: #0000E6; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">73 </td> <td style="background: #0000EE; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">71 </td> <td style="background: #0000DF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">75 </td> <td style="background: #0000D3; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">78 </td> <td style="background: #0000DF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">75 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #D4D400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">185.9 </td> <td style="background: #DEDE00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">207.7 </td> <td style="background: #E7E700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">269.1 </td> <td style="background: #F3F316; color:#000000;" class="notheme">309.3 </td> <td style="background: #F4F419; color:#000000;" class="notheme">325.1 </td> <td style="background: #F3F317; color:#000000;" class="notheme">311.4 </td> <td style="background: #F1F112; color:#000000;" class="notheme">313.3 </td> <td style="background: #EBEB04; color:#000000;" class="notheme">287.4 </td> <td style="background: #EAEA00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">271.4 </td> <td style="background: #E2E200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">247.1 </td> <td style="background: #D1D100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">173.4 </td> <td style="background: #C8C800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">160.6 </td> <td style="background: #E5E500; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">3,061.7 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Percent <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">possible sunshine</a> </th> <td style="background: #FFFF5F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">61 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF80; color:#000000;" class="notheme">69 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF90; color:#000000;" class="notheme">73 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFA5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">78 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF94; color:#000000;" class="notheme">74 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF84; color:#000000;" class="notheme">70 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF84; color:#000000;" class="notheme">70 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF7C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">68 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF90; color:#000000;" class="notheme">73 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF88; color:#000000;" class="notheme">71 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF4F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">57 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF43; color:#000000;" class="notheme">54 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF80; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">69 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Ultraviolet_index" title="Ultraviolet index">ultraviolet index</a> </th> <td style="background: #3EA72D; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">2 </td> <td style="background: #FFF300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3 </td> <td style="background: #FFF300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5 </td> <td style="background: #F18B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7 </td> <td style="background: #E53210; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">9 </td> <td style="background: #E53210; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">10 </td> <td style="background: #E53210; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">10 </td> <td style="background: #E53210; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">9 </td> <td style="background: #F18B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7 </td> <td style="background: #FFF300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5 </td> <td style="background: #FFF300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3 </td> <td style="background: #3EA72D; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">2 </td> <td style="background: #F18B00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">6 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 1: NOAA (sun 1961–1974)<a href="#cite_note-San_Francisco_NOAA-150">[149]</a><a href="#cite_note-San_Francisco_Weatherbox_NOAA_txt-163">[159]</a><a href="#cite_note-NOAA_txt_downtown-164">[160]</a><a href="#cite_note-165">[161]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 2: Met Office (humidity),<a href="#cite_note-166">[162]</a> Weather Atlas (UV)<a href="#cite_note-167">[163]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ecology">Ecology</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Ecology">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Aerial_view_-_Presidio-whole.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Aerial_view_-_Presidio-whole.jpg/220px-Aerial_view_-_Presidio-whole.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Aerial_view_-_Presidio-whole.jpg/330px-Aerial_view_-_Presidio-whole.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Aerial_view_-_Presidio-whole.jpg/440px-Aerial_view_-_Presidio-whole.jpg 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Aerial view of the <a href="/wiki/Presidio_of_San_Francisco" title="Presidio of San Francisco">Presidio of San Francisco</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Golden_Gate" title="Golden Gate">Golden Gate</a></figcaption></figure> Historically, <a href="/wiki/Tule_elk" title="Tule elk">tule elk</a> were present in San Francisco County, based on archeological evidence of elk remains in at least five different <a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native American</a> shellmounds: at Hunter's Point, Fort Mason, Stevenson Street, Market Street, and Yerba Buena.<a href="#cite_note-168">[164]</a><a href="#cite_note-169">[165]</a> Perhaps the first historical observer record was from the <a href="/wiki/De_Anza_Expedition" class="mw-redirect" title="De Anza Expedition">De Anza Expedition</a> on March 23, 1776. <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Eugene_Bolton" title="Herbert Eugene Bolton">Herbert Eugene Bolton</a> wrote about the expedition camp at Mountain Lake, near the southern end of today's <a href="/wiki/Presidio_of_San_Francisco" title="Presidio of San Francisco">Presidio</a>: "Round about were grazing deer, and scattered here and there were the antlers of large elk."<a href="#cite_note-170">[166]</a> Also, when <a href="/wiki/Richard_Henry_Dana_Jr." title="Richard Henry Dana Jr.">Richard Henry Dana Jr.</a> visited San Francisco Bay in 1835, he wrote about vast elk herds near the Golden Gate: on December 27 ."..we came to anchor near the mouth of the bay, under a high and beautifully sloping hill, upon which herds of hundreds and hundreds of red deer [note: "red deer" is the European term for "elk"], and the stag, with his high branching antlers, were bounding about...," although it is not clear whether this was the Marin side or the San Francisco side.<a href="#cite_note-171">[167]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Demographics">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_San_Francisco" title="Demographics of San Francisco">Demographics of San Francisco</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236656977">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style><table class="table-pale" style="width:15em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 0.5em;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Historical population</caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Percent change" class="abbr-header">±%</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1848</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1849</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">25,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+2400.0%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1852</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">34,776</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+39.1%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1860_United_States_census" title="1860 United States census">1860</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">56,802</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+63.3%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb"><a href="/wiki/1870_United_States_census" title="1870 United States census">1870</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">149,473</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+163.1%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1880_United_States_census" title="1880 United States census">1880</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">233,959</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+56.5%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1890_United_States_census" title="1890 United States census">1890</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">298,997</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+27.8%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1900_United_States_census" title="1900 United States census">1900</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">342,782</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+14.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1910_United_States_census" title="1910 United States census">1910</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">416,912</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+21.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb"><a href="/wiki/1920_United_States_census" title="1920 United States census">1920</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">506,676</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+21.5%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1930_United_States_census" title="1930 United States census">1930</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">634,394</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+25.2%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_census" title="1940 United States census">1940</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">634,536</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.0%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1950_United_States_census" title="1950 United States census">1950</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">775,357</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+22.2%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1960_United_States_census" title="1960 United States census">1960</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">740,316</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−4.5%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb"><a href="/wiki/1970_United_States_census" title="1970 United States census">1970</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">715,674</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">−3.3%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_census" title="1980 United States census">1980</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">678,974</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−5.1%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1990_United_States_census" title="1990 United States census">1990</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">723,959</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+6.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_census" title="2000 United States census">2000</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">776,733</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+7.3%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/2010_United_States_census" title="2010 United States census">2010</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">805,235</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+3.7%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb"><a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_census" title="2020 United States census">2020</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">873,965</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+8.5%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2023</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">808,988</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−7.4%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);font-size:85%;text-align:center"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.sfchronicle.com/sf/article/s-f-exodus-population-recovery-data-18564064.php">https://www.sfchronicle.com/sf/article/s-f-exodus-population-recovery-data-18564064.php</a></td></tr></tbody></table> The <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_census" title="2020 United States census">2020 United States census</a> showed San Francisco's population to be 873,965, an increase of 8.5% from the <a href="/wiki/2010_United_States_census" title="2010 United States census">2010 census</a>.<a href="#cite_note-QuickFacts-16">[16]</a> With roughly one-quarter the population density of <a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a>, San Francisco is the <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_cities_by_population_density" title="List of United States cities by population density">second-most densely populated large American city</a>, behind only New York City among cities greater than 200,000 population, and the <a href="/wiki/County_statistics_of_the_United_States" title="County statistics of the United States">fifth-most densely populated U.S. county</a>, following only four of the five New York City <a href="/wiki/Boroughs_of_New_York_City" title="Boroughs of New York City">boroughs</a>. San Francisco is part of the five-county <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco%E2%80%93Oakland%E2%80%93Hayward,_CA_Metropolitan_Statistical_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="San Francisco–Oakland–Hayward, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area">San Francisco–Oakland–Hayward, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area</a>, a region of 4.7 million people (<a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_statistical_area" title="Metropolitan statistical area">13th most populous in the U.S.</a>), and has served as its traditional demographic focal point. It is also part of the greater 14-county <a href="/wiki/San_Jose-San_Francisco-Oakland,_CA_Combined_Statistical_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA Combined Statistical Area">San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA Combined Statistical Area</a>, whose population is over 9.6 million, making it the <a href="/wiki/Combined_statistical_area" title="Combined statistical area">fifth-largest in the United States</a> as of 2018<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit">[update]</a>.<a href="#cite_note-172">[168]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">failed verification</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Race,_ethnicity,_religion,_and_languages">Race, ethnicity, religion, and languages</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Race, ethnicity, religion, and languages">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ethnic_Origins_in_San_Francisco.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Ethnic_Origins_in_San_Francisco.png/300px-Ethnic_Origins_in_San_Francisco.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="228" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Ethnic_Origins_in_San_Francisco.png/450px-Ethnic_Origins_in_San_Francisco.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Ethnic_Origins_in_San_Francisco.png/600px-Ethnic_Origins_in_San_Francisco.png 2x" data-file-width="6586" data-file-height="5000" /></a><figcaption>Ethnic origins in San Francisco</figcaption></figure> As of the 2020<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit">[update]</a> census, the racial makeup and population of San Francisco included: 361,382 <a href="/wiki/White_Americans" title="White Americans">Whites</a> (41.3%), 296,505 <a href="/wiki/Asian_Americans" title="Asian Americans">Asians</a> (33.9%), 46,725 <a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_San_Francisco" title="African Americans in San Francisco">African Americans</a> (5.3%), 86,233 <a href="/wiki/Multiracial_Americans" title="Multiracial Americans">Multiracial Americans</a> (9.9%), 6,475 <a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native Americans</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alaska_Natives" title="Alaska Natives">Alaska Natives</a> (0.7%), 3,476 <a href="/wiki/Native_Hawaiians" title="Native Hawaiians">Native Hawaiians</a> and other <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Islands_Americans" class="mw-redirect" title="Pacific Islands Americans">Pacific Islanders</a> (0.4%) and 73,169 persons of other races (8.4%). There were 136,761 <a href="/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans_in_San_Francisco" title="Hispanic and Latino Americans in San Francisco">Hispanic or Latino</a> residents of any race (15.6%). San Francisco is a <a href="/wiki/Majority_minority" title="Majority minority">majority minority</a> city, as <a href="/wiki/Non-Hispanic_White" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-Hispanic White">non-Hispanic White</a> residents comprise less than half of the population; in 1940 they formed 92.5% of the population.<a href="#cite_note-census-173">[169]</a> In 2010, residents of <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Americans_in_San_Francisco" title="Chinese Americans in San Francisco">Chinese ethnicity</a> constituted the largest single ethnic minority group in San Francisco at 21% of the population; other large Asian groups include <a href="/wiki/Filipino_Americans" title="Filipino Americans">Filipinos</a> (5%) and <a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_Americans" title="Vietnamese Americans">Vietnamese</a> (2%), with <a href="/wiki/Japanese_in_San_Francisco" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese in San Francisco">Japanese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Korean_Americans" title="Korean Americans">Koreans</a> and many other Asian and Pacific Islander groups represented in the city.<a href="#cite_note-Census_2010-GCT-PH1-racial-174">[170]</a> The population of Chinese ancestry is most heavily concentrated in Chinatown and the <a href="/wiki/Sunset_District,_San_Francisco" title="Sunset District, San Francisco">Sunset</a> and <a href="/wiki/Richmond_District,_San_Francisco" title="Richmond District, San Francisco">Richmond Districts</a>. <a href="/wiki/Filipinos" title="Filipinos">Filipinos</a> are most concentrated in <a href="/wiki/South_of_Market,_San_Francisco" title="South of Market, San Francisco">SoMa</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Crocker-Amazon" class="mw-redirect" title="Crocker-Amazon">Crocker-Amazon</a>; the latter neighborhood shares a border with <a href="/wiki/Daly_City,_California" title="Daly City, California">Daly City</a>, which has one of the highest concentrations of Filipinos in North America.<a href="#cite_note-Census_2010-GCT-PH1-racial-174">[170]</a><a href="#cite_note-175">[171]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Tenderloin,_San_Francisco" title="Tenderloin, San Francisco">Tenderloin District</a> is home to a large portion of the city's Vietnamese population as well as businesses and restaurants, which is known as the city's Little Saigon.<a href="#cite_note-Census_2010-GCT-PH1-racial-174">[170]</a> The principal <a href="/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans_in_San_Francisco" title="Hispanic and Latino Americans in San Francisco">Hispanic</a> groups in the city were those of <a href="/wiki/Mexican_Americans" title="Mexican Americans">Mexican</a> (7%) and <a href="/wiki/Salvadoran_Americans" title="Salvadoran Americans">Salvadoran</a> (2%) ancestry. The Hispanic population is most heavily concentrated in the <a href="/wiki/Mission_District,_San_Francisco" title="Mission District, San Francisco">Mission District</a>, Tenderloin District, and <a href="/wiki/Excelsior_District,_San_Francisco" title="Excelsior District, San Francisco">Excelsior District</a>.<a href="#cite_note-interactivemap-176">[172]</a> The city's percentage of Hispanic residents is less than half of that of the state. <a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_San_Francisco" title="African Americans in San Francisco">African Americans</a> constituted about 5% of San Francisco's population in 2020; their share of the city's population has been decreasing since the 1970s.<a href="#cite_note-177">[173]</a> The majority of <a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_San_Francisco" title="African Americans in San Francisco">the city's Black residents</a> live in the neighborhoods of <a href="/wiki/Bayview-Hunters_Point" class="mw-redirect" title="Bayview-Hunters Point">Bayview-Hunters Point</a>, <a href="/wiki/Visitacion_Valley" class="mw-redirect" title="Visitacion Valley">Visitacion Valley</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Fillmore_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Fillmore District">Fillmore District</a>.<a href="#cite_note-interactivemap-176">[172]</a> There are smaller Black communities in <a href="/wiki/Diamond_Heights,_San_Francisco" title="Diamond Heights, San Francisco">Diamond Heights</a>, <a href="/wiki/Glen_Park,_San_Francisco" title="Glen Park, San Francisco">Glen Park</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Mission_District,_San_Francisco" title="Mission District, San Francisco">Mission District</a>. The city has long been home to a significant Jewish community; in 2018 <a href="/wiki/Jewish_Americans" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish Americans">Jewish Americans</a> made up an estimated 10% (80,000) of the city's population. It the third-largest Jewish community in proportional terms in the United States, behind only those of New York City, and Los Angeles, respectively, and it is also relatively young compared to other major U.S. cities.<a href="#cite_note-ToI-178">[174]</a> The Jewish community resides throughout the city, but the <a href="/wiki/Richmond_District,_San_Francisco" title="Richmond District, San Francisco">Richmond District</a> is home to an ethnic enclave of mostly <a href="/wiki/Russian_Jews" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian Jews">Russian Jews</a>.<a href="#cite_note-SF_Travel-179">[175]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Fillmore_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Fillmore District">Fillmore District</a> was formerly a mostly Jewish neighborhood from the 1920s until the 1970s, when many of its Jewish residents moved to other neighborhoods of the city as well as the suburbs of nearby <a href="/wiki/Marin_County" class="mw-redirect" title="Marin County">Marin County</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Found_SF-180">[176]</a> <table> <tbody><tr> <td align="left"> <table class="wikitable sortable collapsible" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;text-align: left;font-size: 90%;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Demographic profile<a href="#cite_note-:03-181">[177]</a> </th> <th>1860 </th> <th>1880 </th> <th>1920 </th> <th>1960 </th> <th>1980 </th> <th>1990 </th> <th>2000 </th> <th>2010 </th> <th>2020<a href="#cite_note-182">[178]</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Non-Hispanic_whites" title="Non-Hispanic whites">Non-Hispanic White</a> alone </td> <td>90.2% </td> <td>87.7% </td> <td>93.5% </td> <td>72.7% </td> <td>52.8% </td> <td>46.9% </td> <td>43.5% </td> <td>41.7% </td> <td>39.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Asian_Americans" title="Asian Americans">Non-Hispanic Asian</a> alone </td> <td>4.6% </td> <td>9.3% </td> <td>2.7% </td> <td>7.9% </td> <td>21.3% </td> <td>28.0% </td> <td>30.7% </td> <td>33.1% </td> <td>33.7% </td></tr> <tr> <td>— <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Americans_in_San_Francisco" title="Chinese Americans in San Francisco">Chinese American</a> </td> <td>4.6% </td> <td>9.3% </td> <td>1.5% </td> <td>5.1% </td> <td>12.1% </td> <td>17.6% </td> <td>20.0% </td> <td>19.8% </td> <td>21.0% </td></tr> <tr> <td>— <a href="/wiki/Filipino_Americans" title="Filipino Americans">Filipino American</a> </td> <td>— </td> <td>— </td> <td>0.2% </td> <td>1.5% </td> <td>5.2% </td> <td>5.4% </td> <td>5.0% </td> <td>4.9% </td> <td>4.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans_in_San_Francisco" title="Hispanic and Latino Americans in San Francisco">Hispanic or Latino</a>, any race(s) </td> <td>3.0% </td> <td>2.4% </td> <td>3.4% </td> <td>9.4% </td> <td>12.6% </td> <td>13.3% </td> <td>14.2% </td> <td>15.2% </td> <td>15.6% </td></tr> <tr> <td>— <a href="/wiki/Mexican_Americans" title="Mexican Americans">Mexican American</a> </td> <td>1.8% </td> <td>1.4% </td> <td>1.5% </td> <td>5.1% </td> <td>5.0% </td> <td>5.2% </td> <td>6.0% </td> <td>7.5% </td> <td>7.9% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_San_Francisco" title="African Americans in San Francisco">Non-Hispanic Black</a> alone </td> <td>2.1% </td> <td>0.6% </td> <td>0.4% </td> <td>9.7% </td> <td>12.3% </td> <td>10.7% </td> <td>7.6% </td> <td>6.0% </td> <td>5.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Islands_Americans" class="mw-redirect" title="Pacific Islands Americans">Non-Hispanic Pacific Islander</a> alone </td> <td>— </td> <td>— </td> <td><0.1% </td> <td>— </td> <td>0.2% </td> <td>0.4% </td> <td>0.4% </td> <td>0.5% </td> <td>0.3% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Non-Hispanic Native American</a> alone </td> <td><0.1% </td> <td><0.1% </td> <td><0.1% </td> <td>0.1% </td> <td>0.4% </td> <td>0.4% </td> <td>0.3% </td> <td>0.3% </td> <td>0.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left">Non-Hispanic other </td> <td>— </td> <td>— </td> <td>— </td> <td>0.2% </td> <td>0.4% </td> <td>0.2% </td> <td>0.3% </td> <td>0.3% </td> <td>0.8% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left">Non-Hispanic <a href="/wiki/Multiracial_Americans" title="Multiracial Americans">two or more races</a> </td> <td>— </td> <td>— </td> <td>— </td> <td>— </td> <td>— </td> <td>— </td> <td>3.0% </td> <td>2.9% </td> <td>5.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="10"> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_the_United_States" title="Immigration to the United States">Foreign-born</a><a href="#cite_note-183">[d]</a> </td> <td>50.2% </td> <td>44.5% </td> <td>30.1% </td> <td>20.2% </td> <td>29.5% </td> <td>35.4% </td> <td>38.4% </td> <td>38.2% </td> <td>34.2% </td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_San_Francisco#Historical_estimates" title="Demographics of San Francisco">Demographics of San Francisco § Historical estimates</a></div> Source: U.S. Census and IPUMS USA<a href="#cite_note-:03-181">[177]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Race_and_ethnicity_2010-_San_Francisco,_Oakland,_Berkeley_(5560477152)_(cropped).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Race_and_ethnicity_2010-_San_Francisco%2C_Oakland%2C_Berkeley_%285560477152%29_%28cropped%29.png/220px-Race_and_ethnicity_2010-_San_Francisco%2C_Oakland%2C_Berkeley_%285560477152%29_%28cropped%29.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Race_and_ethnicity_2010-_San_Francisco%2C_Oakland%2C_Berkeley_%285560477152%29_%28cropped%29.png/330px-Race_and_ethnicity_2010-_San_Francisco%2C_Oakland%2C_Berkeley_%285560477152%29_%28cropped%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Race_and_ethnicity_2010-_San_Francisco%2C_Oakland%2C_Berkeley_%285560477152%29_%28cropped%29.png/440px-Race_and_ethnicity_2010-_San_Francisco%2C_Oakland%2C_Berkeley_%285560477152%29_%28cropped%29.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="999" /></a><figcaption>Map of racial distribution in San Francisco, 2010 U.S. Census. Each dot is 25 people: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style>⬤ White <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959">⬤ Black <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959">⬤ Asian <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959">⬤ Hispanic <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959">⬤ Other</figcaption></figure> According to a 2018 study by the Jewish Community Federation of San Francisco, Jews make up 10% (80,000) of the city's population, making Judaism the second-largest religion in San Francisco after Christianity.<a href="#cite_note-ToI-178">[174]</a> A prior 2014 study by the <a href="/wiki/Pew_Research_Center" title="Pew Research Center">Pew Research Center</a>, the largest religious groupings in San Francisco's <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco%E2%80%93Oakland%E2%80%93Hayward,_CA_Metropolitan_Statistical_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="San Francisco–Oakland–Hayward, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area">metropolitan area</a> are Christians (48%), followed by those of <a href="/wiki/Irreligion" title="Irreligion">no religion</a> (35%), Hindus (5%), Jews (3%), Buddhists (2%), Muslims (1%) and a variety of other religions have smaller followings. According to the same study by the <a href="/wiki/Pew_Research_Center" title="Pew Research Center">Pew Research Center</a>, about 20% of residents in the area are <a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestant</a>, and 25% professing <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Roman Catholic</a> beliefs. Meanwhile, 10% of the residents in metropolitan San Francisco identify as <a href="/wiki/Agnostics" class="mw-redirect" title="Agnostics">agnostics</a>, while 5% identify as <a href="/wiki/Atheism" title="Atheism">atheists</a>.<a href="#cite_note-184">[179]</a><a href="#cite_note-185">[180]</a> As of 2010<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit">[update]</a>, 55% (411,728) of San Francisco residents spoke only English at home, while 19% (140,302) spoke a <a href="/wiki/Variety_of_Chinese" class="mw-redirect" title="Variety of Chinese">variety of Chinese</a> (mostly <a href="/wiki/Taishanese" title="Taishanese">Taishanese</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cantonese" title="Cantonese">Cantonese</a><a href="#cite_note-186">[181]</a><a href="#cite_note-187">[182]</a>), 12% (88,147) Spanish, 3% (25,767) <a href="/wiki/Tagalog_language" title="Tagalog language">Tagalog</a>, and 2% (14,017) Russian. In total, 45% (342,693) of San Francisco's population spoke a language at home other than English.<a href="#cite_note-188">[183]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ethnic_clustering">Ethnic clustering</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Ethnic clustering">edit</a>]</div> San Francisco has several prominent Chinese, Mexican, and Filipino neighborhoods including <a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_San_Francisco" title="Chinatown, San Francisco">Chinatown</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mission_District,_San_Francisco" title="Mission District, San Francisco">the Mission District</a>. Research collected on the immigrant clusters in the city show that more than half of the Asian population in San Francisco is either Chinese-born (40.3%) or Philippine-born (13.1%), and of the Mexican population 21% were Mexican-born, meaning these are people who recently immigrated to the United States.<a href="#cite_note-:02-189">[184]</a> Between the years of 1990 and 2000, the number of foreign-born residents increased from 33% to nearly 40%.<a href="#cite_note-:02-189">[184]</a> During this same time period, the San Francisco metropolitan area received 850,000 immigrants, ranking third in the United States after Los Angeles and New York.<a href="#cite_note-:02-189">[184]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Education,_households,_and_income">Education, households, and income</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Education, households, and income">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Seacliff_District_SF.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Seacliff_District_SF.jpg/220px-Seacliff_District_SF.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Seacliff_District_SF.jpg/330px-Seacliff_District_SF.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Seacliff_District_SF.jpg/440px-Seacliff_District_SF.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Sea_Cliff,_San_Francisco" title="Sea Cliff, San Francisco">Sea Cliff</a> is one of the city's most expensive neighborhoods.<a href="#cite_note-190">[185]</a></figcaption></figure> Of all major cities in the United States, San Francisco has the second-highest percentage of residents with a college degree, second only to <a href="/wiki/Seattle" title="Seattle">Seattle</a>. Over 44% of adults have a bachelor's or higher degree.<a href="#cite_note-Bizjournals-191">[186]</a> San Francisco had the highest rate at 7,031 per square mile, or over 344,000 total graduates in the city's 46.7 square miles (121 km2).<a href="#cite_note-USA_Today-192">[187]</a> San Francisco has the highest estimated percentage of gay and lesbian individuals of any of the 50 largest U.S. cities, at 15%.<a href="#cite_note-193">[188]</a> San Francisco also has the highest percentage of same-sex households of any American county, with the Bay Area having a higher concentration than any other <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_area" title="Metropolitan area">metropolitan area</a>.<a href="#cite_note-gaystats-194">[189]</a> San Francisco ranks third of American cities in median household income<a href="#cite_note-Census_ACS_2003-195">[190]</a> with a 2007 value of $65,519.<a href="#cite_note-SF_QuickFacts-196">[191]</a> Median family income is $81,136.<a href="#cite_note-SF_QuickFacts-196">[191]</a> An emigration of middle-class families has left the city with a lower proportion of children than any other large American city,<a href="#cite_note-197">[192]</a> with the dog population cited as exceeding the child population of 115,000, in 2018.<a href="#cite_note-198">[193]</a> The city's <a href="/wiki/Poverty_rate" class="mw-redirect" title="Poverty rate">poverty rate</a> is 12%, lower than the national average.<a href="#cite_note-199">[194]</a> <a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_San_Francisco" class="mw-redirect" title="Homelessness in San Francisco">Homelessness has been a chronic problem for San Francisco</a> since the early 1970s.<a href="#cite_note-200">[195]</a> The city is believed to have the highest number of homeless inhabitants per capita of any major U.S. city.<a href="#cite_note-201">[196]</a><a href="#cite_note-202">[197]</a> There are 345,811 households in the city, out of which: 133,366 households (39%) were individuals, 109,437 (32%) were <a href="/wiki/Marriage" title="Marriage">opposite-sex married couples</a>, 63,577 (18%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 21,677 (6%) were <a href="/wiki/POSSLQ" title="POSSLQ">unmarried opposite-sex partnerships</a>, and 10,384 (3%) were <a href="/wiki/Same-sex_partnerships" class="mw-redirect" title="Same-sex partnerships">same-sex married couples or partnerships</a>. The average household size was 2.26; the average family size was 3.11. 452,986 people (56%) lived in rental housing units, and 327,985 people (41%) lived in owner-occupied housing units. The median age of the city population is 38 years. San Francisco declared itself a <a href="/wiki/Sanctuary_city" title="Sanctuary city">sanctuary city</a> in 1989, and city officials strengthened the stance in 2013 with its 'Due Process for All' ordinance. The law declared local authorities could not hold immigrants for immigration offenses if they had no violent felonies on their records and did not currently face charges."<a href="#cite_note-203">[198]</a> The city issues a <a href="/wiki/SF_City_ID_Card" title="SF City ID Card">Resident ID Card</a> regardless of the applicant's immigration status.<a href="#cite_note-204">[199]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Homelessness">Homelessness</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Homelessness">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_the_San_Francisco_Bay_Area" title="Homelessness in the San Francisco Bay Area">Homelessness in the San Francisco Bay Area</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:San_Francisco_Homeless_Tents_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/San_Francisco_Homeless_Tents_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-San_Francisco_Homeless_Tents_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/San_Francisco_Homeless_Tents_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-San_Francisco_Homeless_Tents_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/San_Francisco_Homeless_Tents_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-San_Francisco_Homeless_Tents_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="1676" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_the_San_Francisco_Bay_Area" title="Homelessness in the San Francisco Bay Area">Homeless encampment</a> under a freeway in San Francisco</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_San_Francisco" class="mw-redirect" title="Homelessness in San Francisco">Homelessness in San Francisco</a> emerged as a major issue in the late 20th century and remains a growing problem in modern times.<a href="#cite_note-205">[200]</a> 8,035 homeless people were counted in San Francisco's 2019 point-in-time street and shelter count. This was an increase of more than 17% over the 2017 count of 6,858 people. 5,180 of the people were living unsheltered on the streets and in parks.<a href="#cite_note-:6-206">[201]</a> 26% of respondents in the 2019 count identified job loss as the primary cause of their homelessness, 18% cited alcohol or drug use, and 13% cited being evicted from their residence.<a href="#cite_note-:6-206">[201]</a> The city of San Francisco has been dramatically increasing its spending to service the growing population homelessness crisis: spending jumped by $241 million in 2016–17 to total $275 million, compared to a budget of just $34 million the previous year. In 2017–18 the budget for combatting homelessness stood at $305 million.<a href="#cite_note-Amy_Graff-207">[202]</a> In the 2019–2020 budget year, the city budgeted $368 million for homelessness services. In the proposed 2020–2021 budget the city budgeted $850 million for homelessness services.<a href="#cite_note-208">[203]</a> In January 2018 a United Nations special rapporteur on homelessness, Leilani Farha, stated that she was "completely shocked" by San Francisco's homelessness crisis during a visit to the city. She compared the "deplorable conditions" of the homeless camps she witnessed on San Francisco's streets to those she had seen in <a href="/wiki/Mumbai" title="Mumbai">Mumbai</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Amy_Graff-207">[202]</a> In May 2020, San Francisco officially sanctioned <a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_the_United_States" title="Homelessness in the United States">homeless</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_tent_cities_in_the_United_States" title="List of tent cities in the United States">encampments</a>.<a href="#cite_note-209">[204]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Crime">Crime</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Crime">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Crime_in_San_Francisco" title="Crime in San Francisco">Crime in San Francisco</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Update plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Update" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/42px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="42" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/63px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/84px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="290" /></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article needs to be updated. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (March 2024)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Police_Horse_with_Giants_Hat_(8146841565).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Police_Horse_with_Giants_Hat_%288146841565%29.jpg/220px-Police_Horse_with_Giants_Hat_%288146841565%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Police_Horse_with_Giants_Hat_%288146841565%29.jpg/330px-Police_Horse_with_Giants_Hat_%288146841565%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Police_Horse_with_Giants_Hat_%288146841565%29.jpg/440px-Police_Horse_with_Giants_Hat_%288146841565%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4285" data-file-height="3349" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/SFPD" class="mw-redirect" title="SFPD">SFPD</a> mounted police officers</figcaption></figure> San Francisco's violent crime rate is low compared to other major cities, though many residents are still concerned about it.<a href="#cite_note-210">[205]</a> In 2011, 50 murders were reported, which is 6.1 per 100,000 people.<a href="#cite_note-211">[206]</a> There were about 134 rapes, 3,142 robberies, and about 2,139 assaults. There were about 4,469 burglaries, 25,100 thefts, and 4,210 motor vehicle thefts.<a href="#cite_note-212">[207]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Tenderloin,_San_Francisco" title="Tenderloin, San Francisco">Tenderloin</a> area has the highest crime rate in San Francisco: 70% of the city's violent crimes, and around one-fourth of the city's murders, occur in this neighborhood. The Tenderloin also sees high rates of drug abuse, gang violence, and prostitution.<a href="#cite_note-213">[208]</a> Another area with high crime rates is the <a href="/wiki/Bayview%E2%80%93Hunters_Point,_San_Francisco" title="Bayview–Hunters Point, San Francisco">Bayview-Hunters Point</a> area. In the first six months of 2015 there were 25 murders compared to 14 in the first six months of 2014. However, the murder rate is still much lower than in past decades.<a href="#cite_note-214">[209]</a> That rate, though, did rise again by the close of 2016. According to the San Francisco Police Department, there were 59 murders in the city in 2016, an annual total that marked a 13.5% increase in the number of homicides (52) from 2015.<a href="#cite_note-215">[210]</a> The city has also gained a reputation for car break-ins, with over 19,000 car break-ins occurring in 2021.<a href="#cite_note-216">[211]</a> During the first half of 2018, human feces on San Francisco sidewalks were the second-most-frequent complaint of city residents, with about 65 calls per day. The city has formed a "poop patrol" to attempt to combat the problem.<a href="#cite_note-sfchroniclepoop-217">[212]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:San_Francisco_Police_Department_vehicles_Market_Street_(July_2022).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/San_Francisco_Police_Department_vehicles_Market_Street_%28July_2022%29.JPG/220px-San_Francisco_Police_Department_vehicles_Market_Street_%28July_2022%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/San_Francisco_Police_Department_vehicles_Market_Street_%28July_2022%29.JPG/330px-San_Francisco_Police_Department_vehicles_Market_Street_%28July_2022%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/San_Francisco_Police_Department_vehicles_Market_Street_%28July_2022%29.JPG/440px-San_Francisco_Police_Department_vehicles_Market_Street_%28July_2022%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3217" data-file-height="2398" /></a><figcaption>SFPD <a href="/wiki/Parking_enforcement_officer" title="Parking enforcement officer">parking enforcement officers</a></figcaption></figure> In January 2022, <a href="/wiki/CBS_News" title="CBS News">CBS News</a> reported that a single suspect was "responsible for more than half of all reported <a href="/wiki/Hate_crimes" class="mw-redirect" title="Hate crimes">hate crimes</a> against the <a href="/wiki/Asian_Pacific_Americans" title="Asian Pacific Americans">API</a> community in San Francisco last year," and that he "was allowed to be out of custody despite the number of charges against him."<a href="#cite_note-218">[213]</a> Several <a href="/wiki/Street_gang" class="mw-redirect" title="Street gang">street gangs</a> have operated in the city over the decades, including <a href="/wiki/MS-13" title="MS-13">MS-13</a>,<a href="#cite_note-219">[214]</a> the <a href="/wiki/Sure%C3%B1os" title="Sureños">Sureños</a> and <a href="/wiki/Norte%C3%B1os" title="Norteños">Norteños</a> in the Mission District.<a href="#cite_note-220">[215]</a> African-American street gangs familiar in other cities, including the <a href="/wiki/Bloods_gang" class="mw-redirect" title="Bloods gang">Bloods</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crips" title="Crips">Crips</a> and their sets, have struggled to establish footholds in San Francisco,<a href="#cite_note-221">[216]</a> while police and prosecutors have been accused of liberally labeling young African-American males as gang members.<a href="#cite_note-222">[217]</a> Criminal gangs with shot callers in China, including <a href="/wiki/Triad_(organized_crime)" title="Triad (organized crime)">Triad</a> groups such as the <a href="/wiki/Wo_Hop_To" title="Wo Hop To">Wo Hop To</a>, were active in San Francisco in the 20th century.<a href="#cite_note-223">[218]</a> According to statistics released by SFPD in April 2024, the crime figures were down in the first 100 days of the year, namely in terms of robberies, burglaries and larceny.<a href="#cite_note-224">[219]</a> In the first half of 2024, San Francisco experienced a 32% decrease in overall crime compared to the previous year. Personal property theft saw a 41% reduction, and violent crimes, including gun-related incidents, decreased by 30%.<a href="#cite_note-225">[220]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Economy">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_based_in_San_Francisco" title="List of companies based in San Francisco">List of companies based in San Francisco</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Montgomery_Street_from_Telegraph_Hill,_San_Francisco.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Montgomery_Street_from_Telegraph_Hill%2C_San_Francisco.jpg/170px-Montgomery_Street_from_Telegraph_Hill%2C_San_Francisco.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Montgomery_Street_from_Telegraph_Hill%2C_San_Francisco.jpg/255px-Montgomery_Street_from_Telegraph_Hill%2C_San_Francisco.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Montgomery_Street_from_Telegraph_Hill%2C_San_Francisco.jpg/340px-Montgomery_Street_from_Telegraph_Hill%2C_San_Francisco.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2721" data-file-height="3628" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Financial_District,_San_Francisco" title="Financial District, San Francisco">San Francisco's Financial District</a>, despite its declining importance,<a href="#cite_note-SanFranciscoFinancialDistrictDecline-226">[221]</a> is still considered the <a href="/wiki/Wall_Street_West#"Wall_Street_of_the_West"" title="Wall Street West">Wall Street of the West</a>.</figcaption></figure> The city has a diversified <a href="/wiki/Service_economy" title="Service economy">service economy</a>, with employment spread across a wide range of professional services, including <a href="/wiki/Tourism" title="Tourism">tourism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Financial_services" title="Financial services">financial services</a>, and <a href="/wiki/High_tech" title="High tech">high technology</a>.<a href="#cite_note-caedd-2016-227">[222]</a> In 2016, approximately 27% of workers were employed in professional business services; 14% in leisure and hospitality; 13% in government services; 12% in education and health care; 11% in trade, transportation, and utilities; and 8% in financial activities.<a href="#cite_note-caedd-2016-227">[222]</a> In 2019, GDP in the five-county <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco%E2%80%93Oakland%E2%80%93Hayward,_CA_Metropolitan_Statistical_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="San Francisco–Oakland–Hayward, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area">San Francisco metropolitan area</a> grew 3.8% in real terms to $592 billion.<a href="#cite_note-228">[223]</a><a href="#cite_note-:4-229">[224]</a> Additionally, in 2019 the 14-county <a href="/wiki/San_Jose%E2%80%93San_Francisco%E2%80%93Oakland,_CA_Combined_Statistical_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="San Jose–San Francisco–Oakland, CA Combined Statistical Area">San Jose–San Francisco–Oakland</a> <a href="/wiki/Combined_statistical_area" title="Combined statistical area">combined statistical area</a> had a GDP of $1.086 trillion,<a href="#cite_note-:4-229">[224]</a> ranking 3rd among <a href="/wiki/Combined_statistical_area" title="Combined statistical area">CSAs</a>, and ahead of all but <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)" title="List of countries by GDP (nominal)">16 countries</a>. As of 2019<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit">[update]</a>, San Francisco County was the 7th highest-income county in the United States (among 3,142), with a per capita personal income of $139,405.<a href="#cite_note-:2-230">[225]</a> <a href="/wiki/Marin_County,_California" title="Marin County, California">Marin County</a>, directly to the north over the <a href="/wiki/Golden_Gate_Bridge" title="Golden Gate Bridge">Golden Gate Bridge</a>, and <a href="/wiki/San_Mateo_County,_California" title="San Mateo County, California">San Mateo County</a>, directly to the south on the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Peninsula" title="San Francisco Peninsula">Peninsula</a>, were the 6th and 9th highest-income counties respectively. <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:San_Francisco,_California_April_2022_skyline_(cropped2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/San_Francisco%2C_California_April_2022_skyline_%28cropped2%29.jpg/220px-San_Francisco%2C_California_April_2022_skyline_%28cropped2%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="228" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/San_Francisco%2C_California_April_2022_skyline_%28cropped2%29.jpg/330px-San_Francisco%2C_California_April_2022_skyline_%28cropped2%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/San_Francisco%2C_California_April_2022_skyline_%28cropped2%29.jpg/440px-San_Francisco%2C_California_April_2022_skyline_%28cropped2%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2323" data-file-height="2411" /></a><figcaption>Skyline of <a href="/wiki/South_of_Market,_San_Francisco" title="South of Market, San Francisco">South of Market</a> (SoMa), including <a href="/wiki/Salesforce_Tower" title="Salesforce Tower">Salesforce Tower</a>, the <a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_in_San_Francisco" title="List of tallest buildings in San Francisco">tallest building in San Francisco</a></figcaption></figure> The legacy of the California gold rush turned San Francisco into the principal banking and finance center of the <a href="/wiki/West_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="West Coast of the United States">West Coast</a> in the early twentieth century.<a href="#cite_note-California2011-231">[226]</a> <a href="/wiki/Montgomery_Street" title="Montgomery Street">Montgomery Street</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Financial_District,_San_Francisco" title="Financial District, San Francisco">Financial District</a> became known as the "<a href="/wiki/Wall_Street_West#San_Francisco" title="Wall Street West">Wall Street of the West</a>," home to the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Reserve_Bank_of_San_Francisco" title="Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco">Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco</a>, and the site of the now-defunct <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Exchange" title="Pacific Exchange">Pacific Coast Stock Exchange</a>.<a href="#cite_note-California2011-231">[226]</a> <a href="/wiki/Bank_of_America" title="Bank of America">Bank of America</a>, a pioneer in making banking services accessible to the middle class, was founded in San Francisco and in the 1960s, built the landmark modern skyscraper at <a href="/wiki/555_California_Street" title="555 California Street">555 California Street</a> for its corporate headquarters, since relocated to <a href="/wiki/Charlotte,_North_Carolina" title="Charlotte, North Carolina">Charlotte, North Carolina</a>. Many large financial institutions, multinational banks, and venture capital firms are based in or have regional headquarters in the city. With over 30 international financial institutions,<a href="#cite_note-CityData.com-232">[227]</a> six <a href="/wiki/Fortune_500" title="Fortune 500">Fortune 500</a> companies,<a href="#cite_note-233">[228]</a> and a large supporting infrastructure of professional services—including law, public relations, <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="San Francisco architecture">architecture</a> and design—San Francisco is designated as an <a href="/wiki/Globalization_and_World_Cities_Research_Network#Alpha" title="Globalization and World Cities Research Network">Alpha(-) World City</a>.<a href="#cite_note-234">[229]</a> The 2017 <a href="/wiki/Global_Financial_Centres_Index" title="Global Financial Centres Index">Global Financial Centres Index</a> ranked San Francisco as the sixth-most competitive financial center in the world.<a href="#cite_note-235">[230]</a> Beginning in the 1990s, San Francisco's economy diversified away from finance and tourism towards the growing fields of high tech, <a href="/wiki/Biotechnology" title="Biotechnology">biotechnology</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Medical_research" title="Medical research">medical research</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Waters2009-236">[231]</a> Technology jobs accounted for just 1 percent of San Francisco's economy in 1990, growing to 4 percent in 2010 and an estimated 8 percent by the end of 2013.<a href="#cite_note-237">[232]</a> San Francisco became a center of Internet <a href="/wiki/Startup_company" title="Startup company">start-up companies</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Dot-com_bubble" title="Dot-com bubble">dot-com bubble</a> of the 1990s and the subsequent <a href="/wiki/Social_media" title="Social media">social media</a> boom of the late 2000s (decade).<a href="#cite_note-238">[233]</a> Since 2010, San Francisco proper has attracted an increasing share of venture capital investments as compared to nearby <a href="/wiki/Silicon_Valley" title="Silicon Valley">Silicon Valley</a>, attracting 423 financings worth US$4.58 billion in 2013.<a href="#cite_note-239">[234]</a><a href="#cite_note-240">[235]</a><a href="#cite_note-241">[236]</a> In 2004, the city approved a payroll tax exemption for biotechnology companies<a href="#cite_note-242">[237]</a> to foster growth in the <a href="/wiki/Mission_Bay,_San_Francisco" title="Mission Bay, San Francisco">Mission Bay</a> neighborhood, site of a second campus and hospital of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_San_Francisco" title="University of California, San Francisco">University of California, San Francisco</a> (UCSF). Mission Bay hosts the <a href="/wiki/UCSF_Medical_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="UCSF Medical Center">UCSF Medical Center</a>, the <a href="/wiki/California_Institute_for_Regenerative_Medicine" title="California Institute for Regenerative Medicine">California Institute for Regenerative Medicine</a>, <a href="/wiki/California_Institute_for_Quantitative_Biosciences" title="California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences">California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Gladstone_Institutes" title="Gladstone Institutes">Gladstone Institutes</a>,<a href="#cite_note-243">[238]</a> as well as more than 40 private-sector life sciences companies.<a href="#cite_note-244">[239]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Union_Square_-_San_Francisco_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Union_Square_-_San_Francisco_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Union_Square_-_San_Francisco_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Union_Square_-_San_Francisco_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Union_Square_-_San_Francisco_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Union_Square_-_San_Francisco_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Union_Square_-_San_Francisco_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="8602" data-file-height="6237" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Union_Square,_San_Francisco" title="Union Square, San Francisco">Union Square</a>, despite its declining profile,<a href="#cite_note-UnionSquareSFDecline-245">[240]</a> is still a major <a href="/wiki/Retail" title="Retail">retail</a> hub for San Francisco and the Bay Area.</figcaption></figure> According to academic Rob Wilson, San Francisco is a <a href="/wiki/Global_city" title="Global city">global city</a>, a status that pre-dated the city's popularity during the <a href="/wiki/California_gold_rush" title="California gold rush">California gold rush</a>.<a href="#cite_note-246">[241]</a> However, the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the United States">COVID-19 pandemic</a> has led to high office vacancy rates and the closure of many retail and tech businesses in the downtown core of San Francisco.<a href="#cite_note-SanFranExodus4-247">[242]</a><a href="#cite_note-248">[243]</a> Attributed causes include a shift to <a href="/wiki/Remote_work" title="Remote work">remote work</a> in the technology and professional services sectors, as well as high levels of <a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_the_San_Francisco_Bay_Area" title="Homelessness in the San Francisco Bay Area">homelessness</a>, drug use, and crime in areas around downtown San Francisco, such as the <a href="/wiki/Tenderloin,_San_Francisco" title="Tenderloin, San Francisco">Tenderloin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mid-Market,_San_Francisco" title="Mid-Market, San Francisco">Mid-Market</a> neighborhoods.<a href="#cite_note-SanFranDoomLoop5-249">[244]</a><a href="#cite_note-250">[245]</a> The top employer in San Francisco is the city government itself, employing 5.6% (31,000+ people) of the city's workforce, followed by <a href="/wiki/UCSF" class="mw-redirect" title="UCSF">UCSF</a> with over 25,000 employees.<a href="#cite_note-cafr2018-251">[246]</a> The largest private-sector employer is <a href="/wiki/Salesforce" title="Salesforce">Salesforce</a>, with 8,500 employees, as of 2018<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit">[update]</a>.<a href="#cite_note-252">[247]</a> Small businesses with fewer than 10 employees and self-employed firms made up 85% of city establishments in 2006,<a href="#cite_note-253">[248]</a> and the number of San Franciscans employed by firms of more than 1,000 employees has fallen by half since 1977.<a href="#cite_note-SFEconomicStrategy-254">[249]</a> The growth of national <a href="/wiki/Big-box_store" title="Big-box store">big box</a> and <a href="/wiki/Formula_retail" class="mw-redirect" title="Formula retail">formula retail</a> chains into the city has been made intentionally difficult by political and civic consensus. In an effort to buoy small privately owned businesses in San Francisco and preserve the unique retail personality of the city, the Small Business Commission started a publicity campaign in 2004 to keep a larger share of retail dollars in the local economy,<a href="#cite_note-255">[250]</a> and the Board of Supervisors has used the planning code to limit the neighborhoods where formula retail establishments can set up shop,<a href="#cite_note-256">[251]</a> an effort affirmed by San Francisco voters.<a href="#cite_note-257">[252]</a> However, by 2016, San Francisco was rated low by small businesses in a Business Friendliness Survey.<a href="#cite_note-258">[253]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:San_Francisco_Ferry_Building_January_2014_002_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/San_Francisco_Ferry_Building_January_2014_002_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-San_Francisco_Ferry_Building_January_2014_002_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/San_Francisco_Ferry_Building_January_2014_002_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-San_Francisco_Ferry_Building_January_2014_002_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/San_Francisco_Ferry_Building_January_2014_002_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-San_Francisco_Ferry_Building_January_2014_002_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3896" data-file-height="2700" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Ferry_Building" title="San Francisco Ferry Building">Ferry Building</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Embarcadero_(San_Francisco)" title="Embarcadero (San Francisco)">Embarcadero</a>.</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Manufacturing_in_the_United_States" title="Manufacturing in the United States">Like many U.S. cities</a>, San Francisco once had a significant manufacturing sector employing nearly 60,000 workers in 1969, but nearly all production left for cheaper locations by the 1980s.<a href="#cite_note-Frojo2014-259">[254]</a> As of 2014<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit">[update]</a>, San Francisco has seen a small resurgence in manufacturing, with more than 4,000 manufacturing jobs across 500 companies, doubling since 2011. The city's largest manufacturing employer is <a href="/wiki/Anchor_Brewing_Company" title="Anchor Brewing Company">Anchor Brewing Company</a>, and the largest by revenue is <a href="/wiki/Timbuk2" title="Timbuk2">Timbuk2</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Frojo2014-259">[254]</a> As of the first quarter of 2022<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit">[update]</a>, the median value of homes in San Francisco County was $1,297,030. It ranked third in the U.S. for counties with highest median home value, behind <a href="/wiki/Nantucket,_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="Nantucket, Massachusetts">Nantucket, Massachusetts</a> and <a href="/wiki/San_Mateo_County,_California" title="San Mateo County, California">San Mateo County, California</a>.<a href="#cite_note-260">[255]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Technology">Technology</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Technology">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Twitter_Headquarters_in_San_Francisco-L1001299.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Twitter_Headquarters_in_San_Francisco-L1001299.jpg/220px-Twitter_Headquarters_in_San_Francisco-L1001299.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="275" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Twitter_Headquarters_in_San_Francisco-L1001299.jpg/330px-Twitter_Headquarters_in_San_Francisco-L1001299.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Twitter_Headquarters_in_San_Francisco-L1001299.jpg/440px-Twitter_Headquarters_in_San_Francisco-L1001299.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5678" data-file-height="7098" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/X" title="X">X</a> headquarters on <a href="/wiki/Market_Street_(San_Francisco)" title="Market Street (San Francisco)">Market St.</a></figcaption></figure> San Francisco became a hub for technological driven economic growth during the <a href="/wiki/Internet_boom" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet boom">internet boom</a> of the 1990s, and still holds an important position in the world city network today.<a href="#cite_note-:02-189">[184]</a><a href="#cite_note-:3-261">[256]</a> Intense redevelopment towards the "<a href="/wiki/New_economy" title="New economy">new economy</a>" makes business more technologically minded. Between the years of 1999 and 2000, the job growth rate was 4.9%, creating over 50,000 jobs in technology firms and internet content production.<a href="#cite_note-:02-189">[184]</a> However, the technology industry has become geographically dispersed.<a href="#cite_note-NewYorkCloserThanEvertoBayAreaTech-262">[257]</a><a href="#cite_note-ManhattanNowBiggestTechHub-263">[258]</a> In the second technological boom driven by social media in the mid-2000s, San Francisco became a location for companies such as <a href="/wiki/Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple</a>, <a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ubisoft_San_Francisco" class="mw-redirect" title="Ubisoft San Francisco">Ubisoft</a>, <a href="/wiki/Facebook" title="Facebook">Facebook</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a> to base their tech offices and for their employees to live.<a href="#cite_note-:22-264">[259]</a> In recent years several AI companies have either been founded in the city or moved there, due to a giant talent pool, proximity to venture capital, and serendipitous connections.<a href="#cite_note-265">[260]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tourism_and_conventions">Tourism and conventions</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Tourism and conventions">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Port_of_San_Francisco" title="Port of San Francisco">Port of San Francisco</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fishermans_Wharf_Sign,_SF,_CA,_jjron_25.03.2012.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Fishermans_Wharf_Sign%2C_SF%2C_CA%2C_jjron_25.03.2012.jpg/170px-Fishermans_Wharf_Sign%2C_SF%2C_CA%2C_jjron_25.03.2012.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="260" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Fishermans_Wharf_Sign%2C_SF%2C_CA%2C_jjron_25.03.2012.jpg/255px-Fishermans_Wharf_Sign%2C_SF%2C_CA%2C_jjron_25.03.2012.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Fishermans_Wharf_Sign%2C_SF%2C_CA%2C_jjron_25.03.2012.jpg/340px-Fishermans_Wharf_Sign%2C_SF%2C_CA%2C_jjron_25.03.2012.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1009" data-file-height="1543" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Fisherman%27s_Wharf,_San_Francisco" title="Fisherman's Wharf, San Francisco">Fisherman's Wharf</a> is a popular tourist attraction.</figcaption></figure> Tourism is one of San Francisco's most important private-sector industries, accounting for more than one out of seven jobs in the city.<a href="#cite_note-Waters2009-236">[231]</a><a href="#cite_note-tourism-largest-private-sector-266">[261]</a> The city's <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_in_popular_culture" title="San Francisco in popular culture">frequent portrayal</a> in music, film, and popular culture has made the city and its landmarks recognizable worldwide. In 2016, it attracted the fifth-highest number of foreign tourists of any city in the United States.<a href="#cite_note-267">[262]</a> More than 25 million visitors arrived in San Francisco in 2016, adding US$9.96 billion to the economy.<a href="#cite_note-268">[263]</a> With a large hotel infrastructure and a major convention facility in the <a href="/wiki/Moscone_Center" title="Moscone Center">Moscone Center</a>, San Francisco is a popular destination for annual conventions and conferences.<a href="#cite_note-269">[264]</a> Some of the most popular tourist attractions in San Francisco, as noted by the <a href="/wiki/Travel_Channel" title="Travel Channel">Travel Channel</a>, include the <a href="/wiki/Golden_Gate_Bridge" title="Golden Gate Bridge">Golden Gate Bridge</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alamo_Square,_San_Francisco" title="Alamo Square, San Francisco">Alamo Square Park</a>, home to the famous "<a href="/wiki/Painted_Ladies" class="mw-redirect" title="Painted Ladies">Painted Ladies</a>." Both of these locations were often used as landscape shots for the hit American television sitcom <a href="/wiki/Full_House" title="Full House">Full House</a>. There is also <a href="/wiki/Lombard_Street_(San_Francisco)" title="Lombard Street (San Francisco)">Lombard Street</a>, known for its "crookedness" and extensive views. Tourists also visit <a href="/wiki/Pier_39" title="Pier 39">Pier 39</a>, which offers dining, shopping, entertainment, and views of the bay, sunbathing <a href="/wiki/California_sea_lions" class="mw-redirect" title="California sea lions">California sea lions</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Aquarium_of_the_Bay" title="Aquarium of the Bay">Aquarium of the Bay</a>, and the famous <a href="/wiki/Alcatraz_Island" title="Alcatraz Island">Alcatraz Island</a>.<a href="#cite_note-270">[265]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Coit_Tower,_San_Francisco,_California_LCCN2010630427.tif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Coit_Tower%2C_San_Francisco%2C_California_LCCN2010630427.tif/lossy-page1-220px-Coit_Tower%2C_San_Francisco%2C_California_LCCN2010630427.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Coit_Tower%2C_San_Francisco%2C_California_LCCN2010630427.tif/lossy-page1-330px-Coit_Tower%2C_San_Francisco%2C_California_LCCN2010630427.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Coit_Tower%2C_San_Francisco%2C_California_LCCN2010630427.tif/lossy-page1-440px-Coit_Tower%2C_San_Francisco%2C_California_LCCN2010630427.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7240" data-file-height="5433" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Coit_Tower" title="Coit Tower">Coit Tower</a> on <a href="/wiki/Telegraph_Hill,_San_Francisco" title="Telegraph Hill, San Francisco">Telegraph Hill</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Golden_Gate_Beach.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Golden_Gate_Beach.jpg/194px-Golden_Gate_Beach.jpg" decoding="async" width="194" height="346" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Golden_Gate_Beach.jpg/292px-Golden_Gate_Beach.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Golden_Gate_Beach.jpg/389px-Golden_Gate_Beach.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2160" data-file-height="3840" /></a><figcaption>Marshall's beach view of Golden Gate bridge</figcaption></figure> San Francisco also offers tourists varied nightlife in its neighborhoods.<a href="#cite_note-271">[266]</a><a href="#cite_note-272">[267]</a> The new Terminal Project at Pier 27 opened September 25, 2014, as a replacement for the old Pier 35.<a href="#cite_note-273">[268]</a> Itineraries from San Francisco usually include round-trip cruises to Alaska and Mexico. A heightened interest in conventioneering in San Francisco, marked by the establishment of convention centers such as Yerba Buena, acted as a feeder into the local tourist economy and resulted in an increase in the hotel industry: "In 1959, the city had fewer than thirty-three hundred first-class hotel rooms; by 1970, the number was nine thousand; and by 1999, there were more than thirty thousand."<a href="#cite_note-274">[269]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Pink_capitalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Pink capitalism">commodification</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Castro_District,_San_Francisco" title="Castro District, San Francisco">Castro District</a> has contributed to San Francisco's tourist economy.<a href="#cite_note-275">[270]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Arts_and_culture">Arts and culture</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Arts and culture">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_San_Francisco" title="Culture of San Francisco">Culture of San Francisco</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_in_popular_culture" title="San Francisco in popular culture">San Francisco in popular culture</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Palace_of_Fine_Arts_during_Schon_%E2%80%93_Holt_Salahi_wedding.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Palace_of_Fine_Arts_during_Schon_%E2%80%93_Holt_Salahi_wedding.jpg/220px-Palace_of_Fine_Arts_during_Schon_%E2%80%93_Holt_Salahi_wedding.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Palace_of_Fine_Arts_during_Schon_%E2%80%93_Holt_Salahi_wedding.jpg/330px-Palace_of_Fine_Arts_during_Schon_%E2%80%93_Holt_Salahi_wedding.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Palace_of_Fine_Arts_during_Schon_%E2%80%93_Holt_Salahi_wedding.jpg/440px-Palace_of_Fine_Arts_during_Schon_%E2%80%93_Holt_Salahi_wedding.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5072" data-file-height="3407" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Fine_Arts" title="Palace of Fine Arts">Palace of Fine Arts</a>, originally built for the 1915 <a href="/wiki/Panama%E2%80%93Pacific_International_Exposition" title="Panama–Pacific International Exposition">Panama–Pacific International Exposition</a></figcaption></figure> Although the <a href="/wiki/Financial_District,_San_Francisco" title="Financial District, San Francisco">Financial District</a>, <a href="/wiki/Union_Square,_San_Francisco" title="Union Square, San Francisco">Union Square</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Fisherman%27s_Wharf,_San_Francisco" title="Fisherman's Wharf, San Francisco">Fisherman's Wharf</a> are well known around the world, San Francisco is also characterized by its numerous culturally rich streetscapes featuring <a href="/wiki/Mixed-use_development" title="Mixed-use development">mixed-use</a> neighborhoods anchored around <a href="/wiki/List_of_streets_in_San_Francisco" title="List of streets in San Francisco">central commercial corridors</a> to which residents and visitors alike can walk.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Because of these characteristics,[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research" title="Wikipedia:No original research">original research?</a>] San Francisco is ranked the "most walkable" city in the United States by <a href="/wiki/Walk_Score" title="Walk Score">Walk Score</a>.<a href="#cite_note-276">[271]</a> Many neighborhoods feature a mix of businesses, restaurants and venues that cater to the daily needs of local residents while also serving many visitors and tourists. Some neighborhoods are dotted with boutiques, cafés and nightlife such as Union Street in <a href="/wiki/Cow_Hollow,_San_Francisco" class="mw-redirect" title="Cow Hollow, San Francisco">Cow Hollow</a>, 24th Street in <a href="/wiki/Noe_Valley,_San_Francisco" title="Noe Valley, San Francisco">Noe Valley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Valencia_Street" title="Valencia Street">Valencia Street</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Mission_District,_San_Francisco" title="Mission District, San Francisco">Mission</a>, Grant Avenue in <a href="/wiki/North_Beach,_San_Francisco" title="North Beach, San Francisco">North Beach</a>, and Irving Street in the <a href="/wiki/Sunset_District,_San_Francisco" title="Sunset District, San Francisco">Inner Sunset</a>. This approach especially has influenced the continuing South of Market neighborhood redevelopment with businesses and neighborhood services rising alongside high-rise residences.<a href="#cite_note-FogDev-277">[272]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">failed verification</a>] <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Entering_the_Castro_district,_San_Francisco_(31984322697)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Entering_the_Castro_district%2C_San_Francisco_%2831984322697%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Entering_the_Castro_district%2C_San_Francisco_%2831984322697%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Entering_the_Castro_district%2C_San_Francisco_%2831984322697%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Entering_the_Castro_district%2C_San_Francisco_%2831984322697%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Entering_the_Castro_district%2C_San_Francisco_%2831984322697%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Entering_the_Castro_district%2C_San_Francisco_%2831984322697%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4211" data-file-height="3567" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Castro_District,_San_Francisco" title="Castro District, San Francisco">The Castro</a> is famous as one of the first <a href="/wiki/Gay_village" title="Gay village">gay villages</a> in the country.<a href="#cite_note-278">[273]</a></figcaption></figure> Since the 1990s, the demand for skilled <a href="/wiki/Information_technology" title="Information technology">information technology</a> workers from local startups and nearby <a href="/wiki/Silicon_Valley" title="Silicon Valley">Silicon Valley</a> has attracted <a href="/wiki/White-collar_worker" title="White-collar worker">white-collar workers</a> from all over the world and created a high standard of living in San Francisco.<a href="#cite_note-279">[274]</a> Many neighborhoods that were once <a href="/wiki/Blue-collar" class="mw-redirect" title="Blue-collar">blue-collar</a>, middle, and lower class have been <a href="/wiki/Gentrification" title="Gentrification">gentrifying</a>, as many of the city's traditional business and industrial districts have experienced a renaissance driven by the redevelopment of the <a href="/wiki/Embarcadero_(San_Francisco)" title="Embarcadero (San Francisco)">Embarcadero</a>, including the neighborhoods <a href="/wiki/South_Beach,_San_Francisco" class="mw-redirect" title="South Beach, San Francisco">South Beach</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mission_Bay,_San_Francisco" title="Mission Bay, San Francisco">Mission Bay</a>. The city's property values and household income have risen to among the highest in the nation,<a href="#cite_note-280">[275]</a><a href="#cite_note-MedianIncome-281">[276]</a><a href="#cite_note-282">[277]</a> creating a large and upscale restaurant, retail, and entertainment scene. According to a 2014 quality of life survey of global cities, San Francisco has the <a href="/wiki/Most_livable_cities" class="mw-redirect" title="Most livable cities">highest quality of living</a> of any U.S. city.<a href="#cite_note-283">[278]</a> However, due to the exceptionally high cost of living, many of the city's middle and lower-class families have been leaving the city for the outer suburbs of the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Bay_Area" title="San Francisco Bay Area">Bay Area</a>, or for California's <a href="/wiki/Central_Valley_(California)" title="Central Valley (California)">Central Valley</a>.<a href="#cite_note-MiddleClass-284">[279]</a> By June 2, 2015, the median rent was reported to be as high as $4,225.<a href="#cite_note-285">[280]</a> The high cost of living is due in part to restrictive planning laws which limit new residential construction.<a href="#cite_note-286">[281]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2019_San_Francisco_Carnaval_Grand_Parade_431_(49490263633)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/2019_San_Francisco_Carnaval_Grand_Parade_431_%2849490263633%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-2019_San_Francisco_Carnaval_Grand_Parade_431_%2849490263633%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/2019_San_Francisco_Carnaval_Grand_Parade_431_%2849490263633%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-2019_San_Francisco_Carnaval_Grand_Parade_431_%2849490263633%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/2019_San_Francisco_Carnaval_Grand_Parade_431_%2849490263633%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-2019_San_Francisco_Carnaval_Grand_Parade_431_%2849490263633%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4323" data-file-height="2683" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Mission_District,_San_Francisco" title="Mission District, San Francisco">Mission District</a> is the historic center of the city's <a href="/wiki/Chicano" title="Chicano">Chicano</a>/<a href="/wiki/Mexican-American" class="mw-redirect" title="Mexican-American">Mexican-American</a> population and greater <a href="/wiki/Hispanics_and_Latinos_in_California" title="Hispanics and Latinos in California">Hispanic and Latino</a> community.</figcaption></figure> The international character that San Francisco has enjoyed since its founding is continued today by large numbers of immigrants from Asia and Latin America. With 39% of its residents born overseas,<a href="#cite_note-SFEconomicStrategy-254">[249]</a> San Francisco has numerous neighborhoods filled with businesses and civic institutions catering to new arrivals. In particular, the arrival of many ethnic Chinese, which began to accelerate in the 1970s, has complemented the long-established community historically based in <a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_San_Francisco" title="Chinatown, San Francisco">Chinatown</a> throughout the city and has transformed the annual <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Chinese_New_Year_Festival_and_Parade" title="San Francisco Chinese New Year Festival and Parade">Chinese New Year Parade</a> into the largest event of its kind on the <a href="/wiki/West_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="West Coast of the United States">West Coast</a>. With the arrival of the <a href="/wiki/Beat_Generation" title="Beat Generation">"beat"</a> writers and artists of the 1950s and societal changes culminating in the <a href="/wiki/Summer_of_Love" title="Summer of Love">Summer of Love</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Haight-Ashbury" title="Haight-Ashbury">Haight-Ashbury</a> district during the 1960s, San Francisco became a center of <a href="/wiki/Modern_liberalism_in_the_United_States" title="Modern liberalism in the United States">liberal</a> activism and of the <a href="/wiki/Counterculture_of_the_1960s" title="Counterculture of the 1960s">counterculture</a> that arose at that time. The <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democrats</a> and to a lesser extent the <a href="/wiki/Green_Party_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Green Party (United States)">Green Party</a> have dominated <a href="/wiki/Politics_of_San_Francisco" title="Politics of San Francisco">city politics</a> since the late 1970s, after the <a href="/wiki/John_Barbagelata" title="John Barbagelata">last serious</a> <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> challenger for city office <a href="/wiki/1975_San_Francisco_mayoral_election" title="1975 San Francisco mayoral election">lost the 1975 mayoral election</a> by a narrow margin. San Francisco has not voted more than 20% for a <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> presidential or senatorial candidate since <a href="/wiki/1988_United_States_presidential_election" title="1988 United States presidential election">1988</a>.<a href="#cite_note-287">[282]</a> In 2007, the city expanded its <a href="/wiki/Medicaid" title="Medicaid">Medicaid</a> and other <a href="/wiki/Indigent" class="mw-redirect" title="Indigent">indigent</a> medical programs into the <a href="/wiki/Healthy_San_Francisco" title="Healthy San Francisco">Healthy San Francisco</a> program,<a href="#cite_note-288">[283]</a> which <a href="/wiki/Subsidy" title="Subsidy">subsidizes</a> certain medical services for eligible residents.<a href="#cite_note-289">[284]</a><a href="#cite_note-290">[285]</a><a href="#cite_note-291">[286]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2017_SFMOMA_from_Yerba_Buena_Gardens.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/2017_SFMOMA_from_Yerba_Buena_Gardens.jpg/220px-2017_SFMOMA_from_Yerba_Buena_Gardens.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/2017_SFMOMA_from_Yerba_Buena_Gardens.jpg/330px-2017_SFMOMA_from_Yerba_Buena_Gardens.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/2017_SFMOMA_from_Yerba_Buena_Gardens.jpg/440px-2017_SFMOMA_from_Yerba_Buena_Gardens.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3034" data-file-height="2244" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Museum_of_Modern_Art" title="San Francisco Museum of Modern Art">San Francisco Museum of Modern Art</a>, also known as SF MOMA</figcaption></figure> Since 1993, the San Francisco Department of Public Health has distributed 400,000 <a href="/wiki/Needle_and_syringe_programmes#San_Francisco" title="Needle and syringe programmes">free syringes</a> every month aimed at reducing HIV and other health risks for drug users, as well as providing disposal sites and services.<a href="#cite_note-292">[287]</a><a href="#cite_note-293">[288]</a><a href="#cite_note-294">[289]</a> San Francisco also has had a very active environmental community. Starting with the founding of the <a href="/wiki/Sierra_Club" title="Sierra Club">Sierra Club</a> in 1892 to the establishment of the non-profit <a href="/wiki/Friends_of_the_Urban_Forest" title="Friends of the Urban Forest">Friends of the Urban Forest</a> in 1981, San Francisco has been at the forefront of many global discussions regarding the environment.<a href="#cite_note-295">[290]</a><a href="#cite_note-296">[291]</a> The 1980 <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Mandatory_Recycling_and_Composting_Ordinance" title="San Francisco Mandatory Recycling and Composting Ordinance">San Francisco Recycling Program</a> was one of the earliest curbside recycling programs.<a href="#cite_note-297">[292]</a> The city's GoSolarSF incentive promotes solar installations and the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Public_Utilities_Commission" title="San Francisco Public Utilities Commission">San Francisco Public Utilities Commission</a> is rolling out the <a href="/wiki/CleanPowerSF" title="CleanPowerSF">CleanPowerSF</a> program to sell electricity from local renewable sources.<a href="#cite_note-298">[293]</a><a href="#cite_note-299">[294]</a> SF Greasecycle is a program to recycle used cooking oil for conversion to biodiesel.<a href="#cite_note-300">[295]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Sunset_Reservoir" title="Sunset Reservoir">Sunset Reservoir</a> Solar Project, completed in 2010, installed 24,000 solar panels on the roof of the reservoir. The 5-megawatt plant more than tripled the city's 2-megawatt solar generation capacity when it opened in December 2010.<a href="#cite_note-301">[296]</a><a href="#cite_note-302">[297]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="LGBT">LGBT</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: LGBT">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/LGBT_culture_in_San_Francisco" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT culture in San Francisco">LGBT culture in San Francisco</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:San_Francisco_Pride_Parade_2012-6.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/San_Francisco_Pride_Parade_2012-6.jpg/220px-San_Francisco_Pride_Parade_2012-6.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/San_Francisco_Pride_Parade_2012-6.jpg/330px-San_Francisco_Pride_Parade_2012-6.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/San_Francisco_Pride_Parade_2012-6.jpg/440px-San_Francisco_Pride_Parade_2012-6.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Pride" title="San Francisco Pride">San Francisco Pride</a> is one of the oldest and largest <a href="/wiki/LGBT_pride" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT pride">LGBT pride</a> events in the world.</figcaption></figure> San Francisco has long had an <a href="/wiki/LGBT" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT">LGBT</a>-friendly <a href="/wiki/LGBT_culture_in_San_Francisco" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT culture in San Francisco">history</a>. It was home to the first lesbian-rights organization in the United States, <a href="/wiki/Daughters_of_Bilitis" title="Daughters of Bilitis">Daughters of Bilitis</a>; the first openly gay person to run for public office in the United States, <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Sarria" title="José Sarria">José Sarria</a>; the first openly gay man to be elected to public office in California, <a href="/wiki/Harvey_Milk" title="Harvey Milk">Harvey Milk</a>; the first openly lesbian judge appointed in the U.S., <a href="/wiki/Mary_C._Morgan" title="Mary C. Morgan">Mary C. Morgan</a>; and the first <a href="/wiki/Transgender" title="Transgender">transgender</a> police commissioner, <a href="/wiki/Theresa_Sparks" title="Theresa Sparks">Theresa Sparks</a>. The city's large gay population has created and sustained a politically and culturally active community over many decades, developing a powerful presence in San Francisco's civic life.<a href="#cite_note-303">[298]</a> Survey data released in 2015 by <a href="/wiki/Gallup_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gallup (company)">Gallup</a> places the proportion of LGBT adults in the San Francisco metro area at 6.2%, which is the highest proportion of the 50 most populous metropolitan areas as measured by the polling organization.<a href="#cite_note-304">[299]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Castro_(6163133524).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/The_Castro_%286163133524%29.jpg/220px-The_Castro_%286163133524%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/The_Castro_%286163133524%29.jpg/330px-The_Castro_%286163133524%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/The_Castro_%286163133524%29.jpg/440px-The_Castro_%286163133524%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4064" data-file-height="2704" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Rainbow_flag_(LGBT)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rainbow flag (LGBT)">gay pride flag</a> was originally developed in San Francisco.</figcaption></figure> One of the most popular destinations for gay tourists internationally, the city hosts <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Pride" title="San Francisco Pride">San Francisco Pride</a>, one of the largest and oldest <a href="/wiki/Pride_parades" class="mw-redirect" title="Pride parades">pride parades</a>. San Francisco Pride events have been held continuously since 1972. The events are themed and a new theme is created each year.<a href="#cite_note-305">[300]</a> In 2013, over 1.5 million people attended, around 500,000 more than the previous year.<a href="#cite_note-306">[301]</a> <a href="/wiki/Pink_Saturday" title="Pink Saturday">Pink Saturday</a> is an annual street party held the Saturday before the pride parade, which coincides with the <a href="/wiki/Dyke_march" title="Dyke march">Dyke march</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Folsom_Street_Fair" title="Folsom Street Fair">Folsom Street Fair</a> (FSF) is an annual <a href="/wiki/BDSM" title="BDSM">BDSM</a> and <a href="/wiki/Leather_subculture" title="Leather subculture">leather subculture</a> street fair that is held in September, endcapping San Francisco's "Leather Pride Week."<a href="#cite_note-307">[302]</a> It started in 1984 and is California's third-largest single-day, outdoor spectator event and the world's largest leather event and showcase for BDSM products and culture.<a href="#cite_note-308">[303]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Performing_arts">Performing arts</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Performing arts">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_theatres_in_San_Francisco" title="List of theatres in San Francisco">List of theatres in San Francisco</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:San_Francisco_Opera_House_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/San_Francisco_Opera_House_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-San_Francisco_Opera_House_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/San_Francisco_Opera_House_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-San_Francisco_Opera_House_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/San_Francisco_Opera_House_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-San_Francisco_Opera_House_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1159" data-file-height="707" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/War_Memorial_Opera_House" title="War Memorial Opera House">War Memorial Opera House</a>, part of the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_War_Memorial_and_Performing_Arts_Center" title="San Francisco War Memorial and Performing Arts Center">S.F. War Memorial & Performing Arts Center</a>, one of the largest performing arts centers in the U.S.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Golden_Gate_Theatre_-_San_Francisco,_CA_-_DSC06532_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Golden_Gate_Theatre_-_San_Francisco%2C_CA_-_DSC06532_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Golden_Gate_Theatre_-_San_Francisco%2C_CA_-_DSC06532_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Golden_Gate_Theatre_-_San_Francisco%2C_CA_-_DSC06532_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Golden_Gate_Theatre_-_San_Francisco%2C_CA_-_DSC06532_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Golden_Gate_Theatre_-_San_Francisco%2C_CA_-_DSC06532_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Golden_Gate_Theatre_-_San_Francisco%2C_CA_-_DSC06532_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3147" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Golden_Gate_Theatre" title="Golden Gate Theatre">Golden Gate Theatre</a> is located in the historic <a href="/wiki/Theatre_District,_San_Francisco" title="Theatre District, San Francisco">Theatre District</a></figcaption></figure> San Francisco's <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_War_Memorial_and_Performing_Arts_Center" title="San Francisco War Memorial and Performing Arts Center">War Memorial and Performing Arts Center</a> hosts some of the most enduring performing arts companies in the country. The <a href="/wiki/War_Memorial_Opera_House" title="War Memorial Opera House">War Memorial Opera House</a> houses the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Opera" title="San Francisco Opera">San Francisco Opera</a>, the second-largest opera company in North America<a href="#cite_note-309">[304]</a> as well as the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Ballet" title="San Francisco Ballet">San Francisco Ballet</a>, while the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Symphony" title="San Francisco Symphony">San Francisco Symphony</a> plays in <a href="/wiki/Louise_M._Davies_Symphony_Hall" title="Louise M. Davies Symphony Hall">Davies Symphony Hall</a>. Opened in 2013, the <a href="/wiki/SFJAZZ_Center" title="SFJAZZ Center">SFJAZZ Center</a> hosts jazz performances year round.<a href="#cite_note-310">[305]</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Fillmore" title="The Fillmore">The Fillmore</a> is a music venue located in the <a href="/wiki/Western_Addition,_San_Francisco" title="Western Addition, San Francisco">Western Addition</a>. It is the second incarnation of the historic venue that gained fame in the 1960s, housing the stage where now-famous musicians such as the <a href="/wiki/Grateful_Dead" title="Grateful Dead">Grateful Dead</a>, <a href="/wiki/Janis_Joplin" title="Janis Joplin">Janis Joplin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Led_Zeppelin" title="Led Zeppelin">Led Zeppelin</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Airplane" title="Jefferson Airplane">Jefferson Airplane</a> first performed, fostering the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Sound" class="mw-redirect" title="San Francisco Sound">San Francisco Sound</a>.<a href="#cite_note-311">[306]</a> It closed its doors in 1971 with a final performance by <a href="/wiki/Santana_(band)" title="Santana (band)">Santana</a> and reopened in 1994 with a show by <a href="/wiki/The_Smashing_Pumpkins" title="The Smashing Pumpkins">the Smashing Pumpkins</a>.<a href="#cite_note-312">[307]</a> San Francisco has a large number of <a href="/wiki/List_of_theatres_in_San_Francisco" title="List of theatres in San Francisco">theaters and live performance venues</a>. Local theater companies have been noted for risk taking and innovation.<a href="#cite_note-313">[308]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Tony_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Tony Award">Tony Award</a>-winning non-profit <a href="/wiki/American_Conservatory_Theater" title="American Conservatory Theater">American Conservatory Theater</a> (A.C.T.) is a member of the national <a href="/wiki/League_of_Resident_Theatres" title="League of Resident Theatres">League of Resident Theatres</a>. Other local winners of the <a href="/wiki/Regional_Theatre_Tony_Award" title="Regional Theatre Tony Award">Regional Theatre Tony Award</a> include the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Mime_Troupe" title="San Francisco Mime Troupe">San Francisco Mime Troupe</a>.<a href="#cite_note-314">[309]</a> San Francisco theaters frequently host pre-<a href="/wiki/Broadway_theatre" title="Broadway theatre">Broadway</a> engagements and tryout runs,<a href="#cite_note-315">[310]</a> and some original San Francisco productions have later moved to Broadway.<a href="#cite_note-316">[311]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Museums">Museums</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Museums">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_in_San_Francisco_Bay_Area,_California#San_Francisco" class="mw-redirect" title="List of museums in San Francisco Bay Area, California">List of museums in San Francisco Bay Area, California § San Francisco</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:California_Palace_of_the_Legion_of_Honor,_02.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/California_Palace_of_the_Legion_of_Honor%2C_02.JPG/220px-California_Palace_of_the_Legion_of_Honor%2C_02.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/California_Palace_of_the_Legion_of_Honor%2C_02.JPG/330px-California_Palace_of_the_Legion_of_Honor%2C_02.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/California_Palace_of_the_Legion_of_Honor%2C_02.JPG/440px-California_Palace_of_the_Legion_of_Honor%2C_02.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Legion_of_Honor_(museum)" title="Legion of Honor (museum)">California Palace of the Legion of Honor</a>, part of the <a href="/wiki/Fine_Arts_Museums_of_San_Francisco" title="Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco">Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco</a></figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Museum_of_Modern_Art" title="San Francisco Museum of Modern Art">San Francisco Museum of Modern Art</a> (SFMOMA) houses 20th century and contemporary works of art. It moved to its current building in the <a href="/wiki/South_of_Market,_San_Francisco" title="South of Market, San Francisco">South of Market</a> neighborhood in 1995 and attracted more than 600,000 visitors annually.<a href="#cite_note-317">[312]</a> SFMOMA closed for renovation and expansion in 2013. The museum reopened on May 14, 2016, with an addition, designed by <a href="/wiki/Sn%C3%B8hetta_(company)" title="Snøhetta (company)">Snøhetta</a>, that has doubled the museum's size.<a href="#cite_note-318">[313]</a> The <a href="/wiki/California_Palace_of_the_Legion_of_Honor" class="mw-redirect" title="California Palace of the Legion of Honor">Palace of the Legion of Honor</a> holds primarily European antiquities and works of art at its <a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Park_(San_Francisco)" title="Lincoln Park (San Francisco)">Lincoln Park</a> building modeled after its <a href="/wiki/Palais_de_la_L%C3%A9gion_d%27Honneur" title="Palais de la Légion d'Honneur">Parisian namesake</a>. The <a href="/wiki/M._H._de_Young_Memorial_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="M. H. de Young Memorial Museum">de Young Museum</a> in Golden Gate Park features American decorative pieces and anthropological holdings from Africa, Oceania and the Americas, while Asian art is housed in the <a href="/wiki/Asian_Art_Museum_of_San_Francisco" class="mw-redirect" title="Asian Art Museum of San Francisco">Asian Art Museum</a>. Opposite the de Young stands the <a href="/wiki/California_Academy_of_Sciences" title="California Academy of Sciences">California Academy of Sciences</a>, a natural history museum that also hosts the <a href="/wiki/Morrison_Planetarium" class="mw-redirect" title="Morrison Planetarium">Morrison Planetarium</a> and <a href="/wiki/Steinhart_Aquarium" class="mw-redirect" title="Steinhart Aquarium">Steinhart Aquarium</a>. Located on Pier 15 on the Embarcadero, the <a href="/wiki/Exploratorium" title="Exploratorium">Exploratorium</a> is an interactive science museum. The <a href="/wiki/Contemporary_Jewish_Museum" title="Contemporary Jewish Museum">Contemporary Jewish Museum</a> is a non-collecting institution that hosts a broad array of temporary exhibitions. On Nob Hill, the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Cable_Car_Museum" title="San Francisco Cable Car Museum">Cable Car Museum</a> is a working museum featuring the cable car powerhouse, which drives the cables.<a href="#cite_note-319">[314]</a> <a href="/wiki/Wattis_Institute_for_Contemporary_Arts" title="Wattis Institute for Contemporary Arts">Wattis Institute for Contemporary Arts</a> was founded in 1998 and is part of the California College of the Arts.<a href="#cite_note-320">[315]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sports">Sports</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Sports">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Sports_in_the_San_Francisco_Bay_Area" title="Sports in the San Francisco Bay Area">Sports in the San Francisco Bay Area</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Oracle_Park_2021.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Oracle_Park_2021.jpg/220px-Oracle_Park_2021.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Oracle_Park_2021.jpg/330px-Oracle_Park_2021.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Oracle_Park_2021.jpg/440px-Oracle_Park_2021.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3916" data-file-height="2822" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Oracle_Park" title="Oracle Park">Oracle Park</a>, home of the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Giants" title="San Francisco Giants">SF Giants</a></figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball" title="Major League Baseball">Major League Baseball</a>'s <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Giants" title="San Francisco Giants">San Francisco Giants</a> have played in San Francisco since moving from New York in 1958. The Giants play at <a href="/wiki/Oracle_Park" title="Oracle Park">Oracle Park</a>, which opened in 2000.<a href="#cite_note-321">[316]</a> The Giants won <a href="/wiki/World_Series" title="World Series">World Series</a> titles in <a href="/wiki/2010_World_Series" title="2010 World Series">2010</a>, <a href="/wiki/2012_World_Series" title="2012 World Series">2012</a>, and in <a href="/wiki/2014_World_Series" title="2014 World Series">2014</a>. The Giants have boasted stars such as <a href="/wiki/Willie_Mays" title="Willie Mays">Willie Mays</a>, <a href="/wiki/Willie_McCovey" title="Willie McCovey">Willie McCovey</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Barry_Bonds" title="Barry Bonds">Barry Bonds</a> (MLB's <a href="/wiki/List_of_Major_League_Baseball_career_home_run_leaders" title="List of Major League Baseball career home run leaders">career home run leader</a>). In 2012, San Francisco was ranked No. 1 in a study that examined which U.S. metro areas have produced the most Major Leaguers since 1920.<a href="#cite_note-322">[317]</a> The <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_49ers" title="San Francisco 49ers">San Francisco 49ers</a> of the <a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">National Football League</a> (NFL) began playing in 1946 as an <a href="/wiki/All-America_Football_Conference" title="All-America Football Conference">All-America Football Conference</a> (AAFC) league charter member, moved to the NFL in 1950 and into <a href="/wiki/Candlestick_Park" title="Candlestick Park">Candlestick Park</a> in 1971. The team left San Francisco in 2014, moving approximately 50 miles south to <a href="/wiki/Santa_Clara,_California" title="Santa Clara, California">Santa Clara</a>, and began playing its home games at <a href="/wiki/Levi%27s_Stadium" title="Levi's Stadium">Levi's Stadium</a>,<a href="#cite_note-323">[318]</a><a href="#cite_note-324">[319]</a> Despite this, the 49ers are still branded as a San Francisco team, and when the team hosted <a href="/wiki/Super_Bowl_50" title="Super Bowl 50">Super Bowl 50</a> events were hosted in San Francisco such as the annual <a href="/wiki/National_Football_League_Experience" class="mw-redirect" title="National Football League Experience">NFL Experience</a> which was held at the <a href="/wiki/Moscone_Center" title="Moscone Center">Moscone Center</a> and "Super Bowl City" which opened on January 30 at Justin Herman Plaza on <a href="/wiki/Embarcadero_(San_Francisco)" title="Embarcadero (San Francisco)">The Embarcadero</a>.<a href="#cite_note-325">[320]</a><a href="#cite_note-326">[321]</a> The 49ers have won five <a href="/wiki/Super_Bowl" title="Super Bowl">Super Bowl</a> titles between 1982 and 1995. <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chase_Center_-_Warriors.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Chase_Center_-_Warriors.jpg/220px-Chase_Center_-_Warriors.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Chase_Center_-_Warriors.jpg/330px-Chase_Center_-_Warriors.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Chase_Center_-_Warriors.jpg/440px-Chase_Center_-_Warriors.jpg 2x" data-file-width="8000" data-file-height="6000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Chase_Center" title="Chase Center">Chase Center</a>, home of the <a href="/wiki/Golden_State_Warriors" title="Golden State Warriors">Golden State Warriors</a></figcaption></figure> The NBA's Golden State Warriors have played in the San Francisco Bay Area since moving from Philadelphia in 1962. The Warriors played as the San Francisco Warriors, from 1962 to 1971, before being renamed the <a href="/wiki/Golden_State_Warriors" title="Golden State Warriors">Golden State Warriors</a> prior to the 1971–1972 season in an attempt to present the team as a representation of the whole state of California, which had already adopted "The Golden State" nickname.<a href="#cite_note-327">[322]</a> The Warriors' arena, <a href="/wiki/Chase_Center" title="Chase Center">Chase Center</a>, is located in San Francisco.<a href="#cite_note-328">[323]</a> After winning two championships in Philadelphia, they have won five championships since moving to the San Francisco Bay Area,<a href="#cite_note-329">[324]</a> and made five consecutive <a href="/wiki/NBA_Finals" title="NBA Finals">NBA Finals</a> from 2015 to 2019, winning three of them. They won again in 2022, the franchise's first championship while residing in San Francisco proper. At the collegiate level, the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Dons" title="San Francisco Dons">San Francisco Dons</a> compete in <a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_I" title="NCAA Division I">NCAA Division I</a>. <a href="/wiki/Bill_Russell" title="Bill Russell">Bill Russell</a> led the Dons basketball team to <a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_I_men%27s_basketball_tournament" title="NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament">NCAA championships</a> in 1955 and 1956. There is also the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_State_Gators" title="San Francisco State Gators">San Francisco State Gators</a>, who compete in <a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_II" title="NCAA Division II">NCAA Division II</a>.<a href="#cite_note-330">[325]</a> Oracle Park hosted the annual <a href="/wiki/Fight_Hunger_Bowl" class="mw-redirect" title="Fight Hunger Bowl">Fight Hunger Bowl</a> college football game from 2002 through 2013 before it moved to Santa Clara. There are a handful of lower-league soccer clubs in San Francisco playing mostly from April – June. <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Club </th> <th>Founded </th> <th>Venue </th> <th>League </th> <th>Tier level </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/El_Farolito" class="mw-redirect" title="El Farolito">El Farolito</a> </td> <td>1985 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Boxer_Stadium" title="Boxer Stadium">Boxer Stadium</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/National_Professional_Soccer_League_(1967)" title="National Professional Soccer League (1967)">NPSL</a> </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_City_FC" title="San Francisco City FC">San Francisco City FC</a> </td> <td>2001 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kezar_Stadium" title="Kezar Stadium">Kezar Stadium</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/USL_League_Two" title="USL League Two">USL League Two</a> </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Glens_SC" class="mw-redirect" title="San Francisco Glens SC">San Francisco Glens SC</a> </td> <td>1961 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Skyline_College" title="Skyline College">Skyline College</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/USL_League_Two" title="USL League Two">USL League Two</a> </td> <td>4 </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bay_to_Breakers_2011_Up.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Bay_to_Breakers_2011_Up.jpg/220px-Bay_to_Breakers_2011_Up.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Bay_to_Breakers_2011_Up.jpg/330px-Bay_to_Breakers_2011_Up.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Bay_to_Breakers_2011_Up.jpg/440px-Bay_to_Breakers_2011_Up.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1080" data-file-height="720" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Bay_to_Breakers" title="Bay to Breakers">Bay to Breakers</a> is an annual foot race known for colorful costumes.</figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/Bay_to_Breakers" title="Bay to Breakers">Bay to Breakers</a> footrace, held annually since 1912, is best known for colorful costumes and a celebratory community spirit.<a href="#cite_note-331">[326]</a> The <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Marathon" title="San Francisco Marathon">San Francisco Marathon</a> attracts more than 21,000 participants.<a href="#cite_note-332">[327]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Escape_from_Alcatraz_(triathlon)" title="Escape from Alcatraz (triathlon)">Escape from Alcatraz</a> <a href="/wiki/Triathlon" title="Triathlon">triathlon</a> has, since 1980, attracted 2,000 top professional and amateur triathletes for its annual race.<a href="#cite_note-333">[328]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Olympic_Club" title="Olympic Club">Olympic Club</a>, founded in 1860, is the oldest <a href="/wiki/Sports_club" title="Sports club">athletic club</a> in the United States. Its private golf course has hosted the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Open_(golf)" title="U.S. Open (golf)">U.S. Open</a> on five occasions. San Francisco hosted the <a href="/wiki/2013_America%27s_Cup" title="2013 America's Cup">2013 America's Cup</a> yacht racing competition.<a href="#cite_note-334">[329]</a> With an ideal climate for outdoor activities, San Francisco has ample resources and opportunities for amateur and participatory sports and recreation. There are more than 200 miles (320 km) of <a href="/wiki/Segregated_cycle_facilities" class="mw-redirect" title="Segregated cycle facilities">bicycle paths, lanes</a> and bike routes in the city.<a href="#cite_note-335">[330]</a> San Francisco residents have often ranked among the fittest in the country.<a href="#cite_note-fitness-336">[331]</a> <a href="/wiki/Golden_Gate_Park" title="Golden Gate Park">Golden Gate Park</a> has miles of paved and unpaved running trails as well as a <a href="/wiki/Golf_course" title="Golf course">golf course</a> and <a href="/wiki/Disc_golf" title="Disc golf">disc golf</a> course. Boating, sailing, <a href="/wiki/Windsurfing" title="Windsurfing">windsurfing</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kitesurfing" class="mw-redirect" title="Kitesurfing">kitesurfing</a> are among the popular activities on San Francisco Bay, and the city maintains a yacht harbor in the <a href="/wiki/Marina_District,_San_Francisco" title="Marina District, San Francisco">Marina District</a>. San Francisco also has had <a href="/wiki/Esports" title="Esports">Esports</a> teams, such as the <a href="/wiki/Overwatch_League" title="Overwatch League">Overwatch League</a>'s <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Shock" title="San Francisco Shock">San Francisco Shock</a>. Established in 2017,<a href="#cite_note-337">[332]</a> they won two back-to-back championship titles in 2019 and 2020.<a href="#cite_note-338">[333]</a><a href="#cite_note-339">[334]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Parks_and_recreation">Parks and recreation</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Parks and recreation">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_parks_in_San_Francisco" title="List of parks in San Francisco">List of parks in San Francisco</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Aerial_view_of_San_Francisco,_30_Jun_2018_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Aerial_view_of_San_Francisco%2C_30_Jun_2018_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Aerial_view_of_San_Francisco%2C_30_Jun_2018_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Aerial_view_of_San_Francisco%2C_30_Jun_2018_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Aerial_view_of_San_Francisco%2C_30_Jun_2018_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Aerial_view_of_San_Francisco%2C_30_Jun_2018_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Aerial_view_of_San_Francisco%2C_30_Jun_2018_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2490" data-file-height="1938" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Golden_Gate_Park" title="Golden Gate Park">Golden Gate Park</a> is the 3rd most-visited <a href="/wiki/Urban_park" title="Urban park">city park</a> in the U.S., after <a href="/wiki/Central_Park" title="Central Park">Central Park</a> and the <a href="/wiki/National_Mall" title="National Mall">National Mall</a>.<a href="#cite_note-340">[335]</a></figcaption></figure> Several of San Francisco's parks and nearly all of its beaches form part of the regional <a href="/wiki/Golden_Gate_National_Recreation_Area" title="Golden Gate National Recreation Area">Golden Gate National Recreation Area</a>, one of the most visited units of the <a href="/wiki/National_Park_Service" title="National Park Service">National Park system</a> in the United States with over 13 million visitors a year. Among the GGNRA's attractions within the city are <a href="/wiki/Ocean_Beach,_San_Francisco" title="Ocean Beach, San Francisco">Ocean Beach</a>, which runs along the Pacific Ocean shoreline and is frequented by a vibrant <a href="/wiki/Surfing" title="Surfing">surfing</a> community, and <a href="/wiki/Baker_Beach" title="Baker Beach">Baker Beach</a>, which is located in a cove west of the Golden Gate Bridge, as well as the <a href="/wiki/California_Academy_of_Sciences" title="California Academy of Sciences">California Academy of Sciences</a>, a research institute and natural history museum. The <a href="/wiki/Presidio_of_San_Francisco" title="Presidio of San Francisco">Presidio of San Francisco</a> is the former 18th century Spanish military base, which today is one of the city's largest parks and home to numerous museums and institutions. Also within the Presidio is <a href="/wiki/Crissy_Field" title="Crissy Field">Crissy Field</a>, a former airfield that was restored to its natural <a href="/wiki/Salt_marsh" title="Salt marsh">salt marsh</a> <a href="/wiki/Ecosystem" title="Ecosystem">ecosystem</a>. The GGNRA also administers <a href="/wiki/Fort_Funston" title="Fort Funston">Fort Funston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lands_End_(San_Francisco)" title="Lands End (San Francisco)">Lands End</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fort_Mason" title="Fort Mason">Fort Mason</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Alcatraz" class="mw-redirect" title="Alcatraz">Alcatraz</a>. The National Park Service separately administers the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Maritime_National_Historical_Park" title="San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park">San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park</a> – a fleet of historic ships and waterfront property around <a href="/wiki/Aquatic_Park_Historic_District" title="Aquatic Park Historic District">Aquatic Park</a>.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Alamo_Square_with_Painted_Ladies,_SF,_CA,_jjron_26.03.2012.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Alamo_Square_with_Painted_Ladies%2C_SF%2C_CA%2C_jjron_26.03.2012.jpg/220px-Alamo_Square_with_Painted_Ladies%2C_SF%2C_CA%2C_jjron_26.03.2012.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Alamo_Square_with_Painted_Ladies%2C_SF%2C_CA%2C_jjron_26.03.2012.jpg/330px-Alamo_Square_with_Painted_Ladies%2C_SF%2C_CA%2C_jjron_26.03.2012.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Alamo_Square_with_Painted_Ladies%2C_SF%2C_CA%2C_jjron_26.03.2012.jpg/440px-Alamo_Square_with_Painted_Ladies%2C_SF%2C_CA%2C_jjron_26.03.2012.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2507" data-file-height="1671" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Painted_Ladies" class="mw-redirect" title="Painted Ladies">Painted Ladies</a> on <a href="/wiki/Alamo_Square" class="mw-redirect" title="Alamo Square">Alamo Square</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cliff_House_from_Ocean_Beach.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Cliff_House_from_Ocean_Beach.jpg/220px-Cliff_House_from_Ocean_Beach.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Cliff_House_from_Ocean_Beach.jpg/330px-Cliff_House_from_Ocean_Beach.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Cliff_House_from_Ocean_Beach.jpg/440px-Cliff_House_from_Ocean_Beach.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2222" data-file-height="1447" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Cliff_House,_San_Francisco" title="Cliff House, San Francisco">Cliff House</a> over <a href="/wiki/Ocean_Beach,_San_Francisco" title="Ocean Beach, San Francisco">Ocean Beach</a></figcaption></figure> There are more than <a href="/wiki/List_of_parks_in_San_Francisco" title="List of parks in San Francisco">220 parks</a> maintained by the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Recreation_%26_Parks_Department" title="San Francisco Recreation & Parks Department">San Francisco Recreation & Parks Department</a>.<a href="#cite_note-341">[336]</a> The largest and best-known city park is <a href="/wiki/Golden_Gate_Park" title="Golden Gate Park">Golden Gate Park</a>,<a href="#cite_note-342">[337]</a> which stretches from the center of the city west to the Pacific Ocean. Once covered in native grasses and sand dunes, the park was conceived in the 1860s and was created by the extensive planting of thousands of non-native trees and plants. The large park is rich with cultural and natural attractions such as the <a href="/wiki/Conservatory_of_Flowers" title="Conservatory of Flowers">Conservatory of Flowers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Japanese_Tea_Garden_(San_Francisco)" title="Japanese Tea Garden (San Francisco)">Japanese Tea Garden</a> and <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Botanical_Garden" title="San Francisco Botanical Garden">San Francisco Botanical Garden</a>.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <a href="/wiki/Lake_Merced" title="Lake Merced">Lake Merced</a> is a fresh-water lake surrounded by parkland[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] and near the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Zoo" title="San Francisco Zoo">San Francisco Zoo</a>, a city-owned park that houses more than 250 animal species, many of which are endangered.<a href="#cite_note-343">[338]</a> The only <a href="/wiki/List_of_California_state_parks" title="List of California state parks">park</a> managed by the <a href="/wiki/California_Department_of_Parks_and_Recreation" class="mw-redirect" title="California Department of Parks and Recreation">California State Park</a> system located principally in San Francisco, <a href="/wiki/Candlestick_Point_State_Recreation_Area" title="Candlestick Point State Recreation Area">Candlestick Point</a> was the state's first urban recreation area.<a href="#cite_note-344">[339]</a> Most of San Francisco's islands are protected as parkland or nature reserves. <a href="/wiki/Alcatraz_Island" title="Alcatraz Island">Alcatraz Island</a>, operated by the <a href="/wiki/National_Park_Service" title="National Park Service">National Park Service</a>, is open to the public. The <a href="/wiki/Farallon_Islands" title="Farallon Islands">Farallon Islands</a> are protected wildlife refuges. The <a href="/wiki/Seal_Rocks_(San_Francisco,_California)" title="Seal Rocks (San Francisco, California)">Seal Rocks</a> are protected as part of <a href="/wiki/Golden_Gate_National_Recreation_Area" title="Golden Gate National Recreation Area">Golden Gate National Recreation Area</a>. <a href="/wiki/Red_Rock_Island" title="Red Rock Island">Red Rock Island</a> is the only privately owned island in San Francisco Bay, but is uninhabited. <a href="/wiki/Yerba_Buena_Island" title="Yerba Buena Island">Yerba Buena Island</a> is largely utilized by the military. San Francisco is the first city in the U.S. to have a park within a <a href="/wiki/10-Minute_Walk" title="10-Minute Walk">10-Minute Walk</a> of every resident.<a href="#cite_note-345">[340]</a><a href="#cite_note-346">[341]</a> It also ranks fifth in the U.S. for park access and quality in the 2018 ParkScore ranking of the top 100 park systems across the United States, according to the nonprofit <a href="/wiki/Trust_for_Public_Land" title="Trust for Public Land">Trust for Public Land</a>.<a href="#cite_note-347">[342]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Government">Government</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Government">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Government_of_San_Francisco" title="Government of San Francisco">Government of San Francisco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Politics_of_San_Francisco" title="Politics of San Francisco">Politics of San Francisco</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_San_Francisco" title="Mayor of San Francisco">Mayors of San Francisco</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_City_Hall" title="San Francisco City Hall">San Francisco City Hall</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:San_Francisco_City_Hall_(front)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/San_Francisco_City_Hall_%28front%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-San_Francisco_City_Hall_%28front%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/San_Francisco_City_Hall_%28front%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-San_Francisco_City_Hall_%28front%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/San_Francisco_City_Hall_%28front%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-San_Francisco_City_Hall_%28front%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5284" data-file-height="3892" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_City_Hall" title="San Francisco City Hall">San Francisco City Hall</a>, built 1913–16 and designed by <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Brown_Jr." title="Arthur Brown Jr.">Arthur Brown Jr.</a></figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_San_Francisco" title="Mayor of San Francisco">mayor</a> is also the county executive, and the county <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Board_of_Supervisors" title="San Francisco Board of Supervisors">Board of Supervisors</a> acts as the <a href="/wiki/City_council" class="mw-redirect" title="City council">city council</a>. The government of San Francisco is a <a href="/wiki/Charter_city" class="mw-redirect" title="Charter city">charter city</a> and is constituted of two co-equal branches: the executive branch is headed by the mayor and includes other citywide elected and appointed officials as well as the civil service; the 11-member Board of Supervisors, the legislative branch, is headed by a president and is responsible for passing laws and budgets, though San Franciscans also make use of <a href="/wiki/Popular_initiative" title="Popular initiative">direct ballot initiatives</a> to pass legislation.<a href="#cite_note-348">[343]</a> Because of its unique city-county status, the local government is able to exercise jurisdiction over certain property outside city limits. <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_International_Airport" title="San Francisco International Airport">San Francisco International Airport</a>, though located in <a href="/wiki/San_Mateo_County" class="mw-redirect" title="San Mateo County">San Mateo County</a>, is owned and operated by the City and County of San Francisco. San Francisco's largest jail complex (County Jail No. 5) is located in San Mateo County, in an <a href="/wiki/Unincorporated_area" title="Unincorporated area">unincorporated area</a> adjacent to <a href="/wiki/San_Bruno,_California" title="San Bruno, California">San Bruno</a>. San Francisco was also granted a perpetual leasehold over the <a href="/wiki/Hetch_Hetchy_Valley" class="mw-redirect" title="Hetch Hetchy Valley">Hetch Hetchy Valley</a> and <a href="/wiki/Drainage_basin" title="Drainage basin">watershed</a> in <a href="/wiki/Yosemite_National_Park" title="Yosemite National Park">Yosemite National Park</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Raker_Act" title="Raker Act">Raker Act</a> in 1913.<a href="#cite_note-CityCounty-349">[344]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Supremecourtofcaliforniamaincourthouse.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Supremecourtofcaliforniamaincourthouse.jpg/220px-Supremecourtofcaliforniamaincourthouse.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Supremecourtofcaliforniamaincourthouse.jpg/330px-Supremecourtofcaliforniamaincourthouse.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Supremecourtofcaliforniamaincourthouse.jpg/440px-Supremecourtofcaliforniamaincourthouse.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="1152" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_California" title="Supreme Court of California">Supreme Court of California</a> is based in the <a href="/wiki/Earl_Warren_Building" title="Earl Warren Building">Earl Warren Building</a>.</figcaption></figure> The members of the Board of Supervisors are elected as representatives of specific districts within the city.<a href="#cite_note-SF_Gov_Supervisor_Districts-350">[345]</a> Upon the death or resignation of the mayor, the President of the Board of Supervisors becomes acting mayor until the full Board elects an interim replacement for the remainder of the term. In 1978, <a href="/wiki/Dianne_Feinstein" title="Dianne Feinstein">Dianne Feinstein</a> assumed the office following the assassination of <a href="/wiki/George_Moscone" title="George Moscone">George Moscone</a> and was later selected by the board to finish the term.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] In 2011, <a href="/wiki/Ed_Lee_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ed Lee (politician)">Ed Lee</a> was selected by the board to finish the term of <a href="/wiki/Gavin_Newsom" title="Gavin Newsom">Gavin Newsom</a>, who resigned to take office as <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_California" title="Lieutenant Governor of California">Lieutenant Governor of California</a>.<a href="#cite_note-351">[346]</a> Lee (who won two elections to remain mayor) was temporarily replaced by San Francisco Board of Supervisors President <a href="/wiki/London_Breed" title="London Breed">London Breed</a> after he died on December 12, 2017. Supervisor <a href="/wiki/Mark_Farrell_(politician)" title="Mark Farrell (politician)">Mark Farrell</a> was appointed by the Board of Supervisors to finish Lee's term on January 23, 2018. Most local offices in San Francisco are elected using <a href="/wiki/Ranked-choice_voting_in_the_United_States" title="Ranked-choice voting in the United States">ranked choice voting</a>.<a href="#cite_note-352">[347]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:San_Francisco_Federal_Building_(main_structure,_seen_from_Mission_and_7th,_2020).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/San_Francisco_Federal_Building_%28main_structure%2C_seen_from_Mission_and_7th%2C_2020%29.jpg/220px-San_Francisco_Federal_Building_%28main_structure%2C_seen_from_Mission_and_7th%2C_2020%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/San_Francisco_Federal_Building_%28main_structure%2C_seen_from_Mission_and_7th%2C_2020%29.jpg/330px-San_Francisco_Federal_Building_%28main_structure%2C_seen_from_Mission_and_7th%2C_2020%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/San_Francisco_Federal_Building_%28main_structure%2C_seen_from_Mission_and_7th%2C_2020%29.jpg/440px-San_Francisco_Federal_Building_%28main_structure%2C_seen_from_Mission_and_7th%2C_2020%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3068" data-file-height="2772" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Federal_Building" title="San Francisco Federal Building">San Francisco Federal Building</a></figcaption></figure> San Francisco serves as the regional hub for many arms of the federal bureaucracy, including the <a href="/wiki/Ninth_Circuit_U.S._Court_of_Appeals" class="mw-redirect" title="Ninth Circuit U.S. Court of Appeals">U.S. Court of Appeals</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Reserve_Bank_of_San_Francisco" title="Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco">Federal Reserve Bank</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Mint" title="United States Mint">U.S. Mint</a>. Until <a href="/wiki/Base_Realignment_and_Closure" title="Base Realignment and Closure">decommissioning</a> in the early 1990s, the city had major military installations at the <a href="/wiki/Presidio_of_San_Francisco" title="Presidio of San Francisco">Presidio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Treasure_Island,_San_Francisco" title="Treasure Island, San Francisco">Treasure Island</a>, and <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Naval_Shipyard" class="mw-redirect" title="San Francisco Naval Shipyard">Hunters Point</a>—a legacy still reflected in the annual celebration of <a href="/wiki/Fleet_Week" title="Fleet Week">Fleet Week</a>. The State of California uses San Francisco as the home of the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_California" title="Supreme Court of California">state supreme court</a> and other state agencies. Foreign governments maintain <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_the_San_Francisco_Bay_Area" title="List of diplomatic missions in the San Francisco Bay Area">more than seventy consulates in San Francisco</a>.<a href="#cite_note-353">[348]</a> The municipal budget for fiscal year 2015–16 was $8.99 billion,<a href="#cite_note-354">[349]</a> and is one of the largest city budgets in the United States.<a href="#cite_note-ballotpedia.org-355">[350]</a> The City of San Francisco spends more per resident than any city other than Washington, D.C., over $10,000 in FY 2015–2016.<a href="#cite_note-ballotpedia.org-355">[350]</a> The city employs around 27,000 workers.<a href="#cite_note-356">[351]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:U.S._Post_Office_%26_Courthouse_(San_Francisco)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/U.S._Post_Office_%26_Courthouse_%28San_Francisco%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-U.S._Post_Office_%26_Courthouse_%28San_Francisco%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/U.S._Post_Office_%26_Courthouse_%28San_Francisco%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-U.S._Post_Office_%26_Courthouse_%28San_Francisco%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/U.S._Post_Office_%26_Courthouse_%28San_Francisco%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-U.S._Post_Office_%26_Courthouse_%28San_Francisco%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1806" data-file-height="930" /></a><figcaption>The historic <a href="/wiki/James_R._Browning_United_States_Court_of_Appeals_Building" title="James R. Browning United States Court of Appeals Building">Browning Courthouse</a></figcaption></figure> In the <a href="/wiki/California_State_Senate" title="California State Senate">California State Senate</a>, San Francisco is in <a href="/wiki/California%27s_11th_State_Senate_district" class="mw-redirect" title="California's 11th State Senate district">the 11th Senate District</a>, represented by <a href="/wiki/California_Democratic_Party" title="California Democratic Party">Democrat</a> <a href="/wiki/Scott_Wiener" title="Scott Wiener">Scott Wiener</a>. In the <a href="/wiki/California_State_Assembly" title="California State Assembly">California State Assembly</a>, it is split between <a href="/wiki/California%27s_17th_State_Assembly_district" title="California's 17th State Assembly district">the 17th Assembly District</a>, represented by <a href="/wiki/California_Democratic_Party" title="California Democratic Party">Democrat</a> <a href="/wiki/Matt_Haney" title="Matt Haney">Matt Haney</a>, and <a href="/wiki/California%27s_19th_State_Assembly_district" title="California's 19th State Assembly district">the 19th Assembly District</a>, represented by <a href="/wiki/California_Democratic_Party" title="California Democratic Party">Democrat</a> <a href="/wiki/Phil_Ting" title="Phil Ting">Phil Ting</a>.<a href="#cite_note-357">[352]</a> In the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">United States House of Representatives</a>, San Francisco is split between two congressional districts. Most of the city is in the <a href="/wiki/California%27s_11th_congressional_district" title="California's 11th congressional district">11th District</a>, represented by <a href="/wiki/Nancy_Pelosi" title="Nancy Pelosi">Nancy Pelosi</a> (<a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">D</a>–<a href="/wiki/San_Francisco,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="San Francisco, California">San Francisco</a>). A sliver in the southwest is part of the <a href="/wiki/California%27s_15th_congressional_district" title="California's 15th congressional district">15th District</a> represented by <a href="/wiki/Kevin_Mullin" title="Kevin Mullin">Kevin Mullin</a> (<a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">D</a>–<a href="/wiki/South_San_Francisco,_California" title="South San Francisco, California">South San Francisco</a>).<a href="#cite_note-358">[353]</a> Pelosi served as the <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Speaker of the United States House of Representatives">House Speaker</a> from January 3, 2019, to January 3, 2023, a post she also held from 2007 through 2011. She has also held the post of <a href="/wiki/House_Minority_Leader" class="mw-redirect" title="House Minority Leader">House Minority Leader</a>, from 2003 to 2007 and 2011 to 2019. One of San Francisco's most notable achievements is its ambitious zero-waste goal, which aims to divert 100% of waste from landfills by 2025. The city has already made significant strides, with widespread recycling and composting programs that encourage residents to minimize waste. San Francisco was one of the first U.S. cities to ban plastic bags and continues to lead in banning single-use plastics, setting a standard for cities across the country.<a href="#cite_note-359">[354]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Education">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Colleges_and_universities">Colleges and universities</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Colleges and universities">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_colleges_and_universities_in_San_Francisco" title="List of colleges and universities in San Francisco">List of colleges and universities in San Francisco</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lone_Mountain_Campus_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Lone_Mountain_Campus_%28cropped%29.jpg/170px-Lone_Mountain_Campus_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="215" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Lone_Mountain_Campus_%28cropped%29.jpg/255px-Lone_Mountain_Campus_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Lone_Mountain_Campus_%28cropped%29.jpg/340px-Lone_Mountain_Campus_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1944" data-file-height="2454" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/University_of_San_Francisco" title="University of San Francisco">University of San Francisco</a></figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_San_Francisco" title="University of California, San Francisco">University of California, San Francisco</a> is the sole campus of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_California" title="University of California">University of California system</a> entirely dedicated to graduate education in health and biomedical sciences. It is ranked among the top five medical schools in the United States<a href="#cite_note-360">[355]</a> and operates the <a href="/wiki/UCSF_Medical_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="UCSF Medical Center">UCSF Medical Center</a>, which ranks as the number one hospital in California and the number 5 in the country.<a href="#cite_note-361">[356]</a> UCSF is a major local employer, second in size only to the city and county government.<a href="#cite_note-362">[357]</a><a href="#cite_note-363">[358]</a><a href="#cite_note-364">[359]</a> A 43-acre (17 ha) <a href="/wiki/Mission_Bay,_San_Francisco" title="Mission Bay, San Francisco">Mission Bay</a> campus was opened in 2003, complementing its original facility in <a href="/wiki/List_of_hills_in_San_Francisco" title="List of hills in San Francisco">Parnassus Heights</a>. It contains research space and facilities to foster biotechnology and life sciences entrepreneurship and will double the size of UCSF's research enterprise.<a href="#cite_note-365">[360]</a> All in all, UCSF operates more than 20 facilities across San Francisco.<a href="#cite_note-366">[361]</a> The <a href="/wiki/University_of_California_College_of_the_Law,_San_Francisco" title="University of California College of the Law, San Francisco">University of California College of the Law, San Francisco</a>, founded in <a href="/wiki/Civic_Center,_San_Francisco" title="Civic Center, San Francisco">Civic Center</a> in 1878, is the oldest law school in California and claims more judges on the state bench than any other institution.<a href="#cite_note-367">[362]</a> San Francisco's two University of California institutions have recently formed an official affiliation in the UCSF/UC Law SF Consortium on Law, Science & Health Policy.<a href="#cite_note-368">[363]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SFSU_Campus_Overview_Nov2012.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/SFSU_Campus_Overview_Nov2012.JPG/220px-SFSU_Campus_Overview_Nov2012.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/SFSU_Campus_Overview_Nov2012.JPG/330px-SFSU_Campus_Overview_Nov2012.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/SFSU_Campus_Overview_Nov2012.JPG/440px-SFSU_Campus_Overview_Nov2012.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_State_University" title="San Francisco State University">San Francisco State University</a> library building</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_State_University" title="San Francisco State University">San Francisco State University</a> is part of the <a href="/wiki/California_State_University" title="California State University">California State University</a> system and is located near <a href="/wiki/Lake_Merced" title="Lake Merced">Lake Merced</a>.<a href="#cite_note-sfsu-369">[364]</a> The school has approximately 30,000 students and awards undergraduate, master's and doctoral degrees in more than 100 disciplines.<a href="#cite_note-sfsu-369">[364]</a> The <a href="/wiki/City_College_of_San_Francisco" title="City College of San Francisco">City College of San Francisco</a>, with its main facility in the Ingleside district, is one of the largest two-year <a href="/wiki/Community_college" title="Community college">community colleges</a> in the country. It has an enrollment of about 100,000 students and offers an extensive continuing education program.<a href="#cite_note-370">[365]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:McAllister_Tower_in_San_Francisco_(TK2).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/McAllister_Tower_in_San_Francisco_%28TK2%29.JPG/170px-McAllister_Tower_in_San_Francisco_%28TK2%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/McAllister_Tower_in_San_Francisco_%28TK2%29.JPG/255px-McAllister_Tower_in_San_Francisco_%28TK2%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/McAllister_Tower_in_San_Francisco_%28TK2%29.JPG/340px-McAllister_Tower_in_San_Francisco_%28TK2%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3156" data-file-height="4734" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/University_of_California_College_of_the_Law,_San_Francisco" title="University of California College of the Law, San Francisco">University of California College of the Law</a></figcaption></figure> Founded in 1855, the <a href="/wiki/University_of_San_Francisco" title="University of San Francisco">University of San Francisco</a>, a private <a href="/wiki/Society_of_Jesus" class="mw-redirect" title="Society of Jesus">Jesuit</a> university located on <a href="/wiki/Lone_Mountain_(California)" title="Lone Mountain (California)">Lone Mountain</a>, is the oldest institution of higher education in San Francisco and one of the oldest universities established west of the Mississippi River.<a href="#cite_note-371">[366]</a> <a href="/wiki/Golden_Gate_University" title="Golden Gate University">Golden Gate University</a> is a private, nonsectarian university formed in 1901 and located in the <a href="/wiki/Financial_District,_San_Francisco" title="Financial District, San Francisco">Financial District</a>. With an enrollment of 13,000 students, the <a href="/wiki/Academy_of_Art_University" title="Academy of Art University">Academy of Art University</a> is the largest institute of art and design in the nation.<a href="#cite_note-372">[367]</a> The <a href="/wiki/California_College_of_the_Arts" title="California College of the Arts">California College of the Arts</a>, located north of <a href="/wiki/Potrero_Hill" title="Potrero Hill">Potrero Hill</a>, has programs in architecture, fine arts, design, and writing.<a href="#cite_note-373">[368]</a> The <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Conservatory_of_Music" title="San Francisco Conservatory of Music">San Francisco Conservatory of Music</a>, the only independent <a href="/wiki/Music_school" title="Music school">music school</a> on the West Coast, grants degrees in orchestral instruments, chamber music, composition, and conducting. The <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Art_Institute" title="San Francisco Art Institute">San Francisco Art Institute</a>, founded in 1871 and the oldest <a href="/wiki/Art_school" title="Art school">art school</a> west of the Mississippi,<a href="#cite_note-374">[369]</a> closed in 2022. The <a href="/wiki/California_Culinary_Academy" title="California Culinary Academy">California Culinary Academy</a>, associated with the <a href="/wiki/Le_Cordon_Bleu" title="Le Cordon Bleu">Le Cordon Bleu</a> program, offers programs in the culinary arts, baking and pastry arts, and hospitality and restaurant management. <a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Integral_Studies" title="California Institute of Integral Studies">California Institute of Integral Studies</a>, founded in 1968, offers a variety of graduate programs in its Schools of Professional Psychology & Health, and Consciousness and Transformation. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Primary_and_secondary_schools">Primary and secondary schools</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Primary and secondary schools">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_public_grammar_schools" title="San Francisco public grammar schools">San Francisco public grammar schools</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_high_schools_in_California#San_Francisco_County" title="List of high schools in California">List of high schools in California § San Francisco County</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mission_High_School.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Mission_High_School.jpg/220px-Mission_High_School.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Mission_High_School.jpg/330px-Mission_High_School.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Mission_High_School.jpg/440px-Mission_High_School.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3912" data-file-height="2572" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Unified_School_District" title="San Francisco Unified School District">San Francisco Unified School District</a> operates 114 schools and is the oldest school district in California.</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Public_school_(government_funded)" class="mw-redirect" title="Public school (government funded)">Public schools</a> are run by the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Unified_School_District" title="San Francisco Unified School District">San Francisco Unified School District</a>, which covers the entire city and county,<a href="#cite_note-375">[370]</a> as well as the <a href="/wiki/California_State_Board_of_Education" title="California State Board of Education">California State Board of Education</a> for some charter schools. <a href="/wiki/Lowell_High_School_(San_Francisco)" title="Lowell High School (San Francisco)">Lowell High School</a>, the oldest public high school in the U.S. west of the <a href="/wiki/Mississippi_River" title="Mississippi River">Mississippi</a>,<a href="#cite_note-376">[371]</a> and the smaller <a href="/wiki/Ruth_Asawa_San_Francisco_School_of_the_Arts" title="Ruth Asawa San Francisco School of the Arts">School of the Arts High School</a> are two of San Francisco's <a href="/wiki/Magnet_school" title="Magnet school">magnet schools</a> at the secondary level. Public school students attend schools based on an assignment system rather than neighborhood proximity.<a href="#cite_note-377">[372]</a> Just under 30% of the city's school-age population attends one of San Francisco's more than 100 <a href="/wiki/Private_school" title="Private school">private</a> or <a href="/wiki/Parochial_school" title="Parochial school">parochial schools</a>, compared to a 10% rate nationwide.<a href="#cite_note-SFGPrvtSchools-378">[373]</a> Nearly 40 of those schools are <a href="/wiki/Catholic_school" title="Catholic school">Catholic schools</a> managed by the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_San_Francisco" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of San Francisco">Archdiocese of San Francisco</a>.<a href="#cite_note-379">[374]</a> San Francisco has nearly 300 <a href="/wiki/Preschool" title="Preschool">preschool</a> programs primarily operated by <a href="/wiki/Head_Start_(program)" title="Head Start (program)">Head Start</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Unified_School_District" title="San Francisco Unified School District">San Francisco Unified School District</a>, private for-profit, private non-profit and <a href="/wiki/Child_care#Family_child_care_homes" title="Child care">family child care</a> providers.<a href="#cite_note-380">[375]</a> All four-year-old children living in San Francisco are offered <a href="/wiki/Universal_preschool" title="Universal preschool">universal access to preschool</a> through the Preschool for All program.<a href="#cite_note-381">[376]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Media">Media</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Media">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Media_in_the_San_Francisco_Bay_Area" title="Media in the San Francisco Bay Area">Media in the San Francisco Bay Area</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a>. Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/San_Francisco" title="Special:EditPage/San Francisco">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (January 2022) (<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a>)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:San_Francisco_Chronicle_2023.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/San_Francisco_Chronicle_2023.jpg/220px-San_Francisco_Chronicle_2023.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/San_Francisco_Chronicle_2023.jpg/330px-San_Francisco_Chronicle_2023.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/San_Francisco_Chronicle_2023.jpg/440px-San_Francisco_Chronicle_2023.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3716" data-file-height="2540" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Chronicle" title="San Francisco Chronicle">San Francisco Chronicle</a> building</figcaption></figure> The major daily newspaper in San Francisco is the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Chronicle" title="San Francisco Chronicle">San Francisco Chronicle</a>, which is currently Northern California's most widely circulated newspaper.<a href="#cite_note-382">[377]</a> The Chronicle is most famous for a former columnist, the late <a href="/wiki/Herb_Caen" title="Herb Caen">Herb Caen</a>, whose daily musings attracted critical acclaim and represented the "voice of San Francisco." <a href="/wiki/The_San_Francisco_Examiner" class="mw-redirect" title="The San Francisco Examiner">The San Francisco Examiner</a>, once the cornerstone of <a href="/wiki/William_Randolph_Hearst" title="William Randolph Hearst">William Randolph Hearst</a>'s media empire and the home of <a href="/wiki/Ambrose_Bierce" title="Ambrose Bierce">Ambrose Bierce</a>, declined in circulation over the years and now takes the form of a free daily tabloid, under new ownership.<a href="#cite_note-383">[378]</a><a href="#cite_note-384">[379]</a> <a href="/wiki/Sing_Tao_Daily" title="Sing Tao Daily">Sing Tao Daily</a> claims to be the largest of several Chinese language dailies that serve the Bay Area.<a href="#cite_note-385">[380]</a> <a href="/wiki/SF_Weekly" title="SF Weekly">SF Weekly</a> is the city's <a href="/wiki/Alternative_weekly" class="mw-redirect" title="Alternative weekly">alternative weekly</a> newspaper. <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_(magazine)" title="San Francisco (magazine)">San Francisco</a> and <a href="/wiki/7x7_(magazine)" title="7x7 (magazine)">7x7</a> are major glossy magazines about San Francisco. The national newsmagazine <a href="/wiki/Mother_Jones_(magazine)" title="Mother Jones (magazine)">Mother Jones</a> is also based in San Francisco. San Francisco is home to online-only media publications such as <a href="/wiki/SFist" class="mw-redirect" title="SFist">SFist</a>, and <a href="/wiki/AsianWeek" title="AsianWeek">AsianWeek</a>. <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hearst_Building_entrance_-_San_Francisco,_CA_-_DSC06547.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Hearst_Building_entrance_-_San_Francisco%2C_CA_-_DSC06547.jpg/170px-Hearst_Building_entrance_-_San_Francisco%2C_CA_-_DSC06547.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="263" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Hearst_Building_entrance_-_San_Francisco%2C_CA_-_DSC06547.jpg/255px-Hearst_Building_entrance_-_San_Francisco%2C_CA_-_DSC06547.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Hearst_Building_entrance_-_San_Francisco%2C_CA_-_DSC06547.jpg/340px-Hearst_Building_entrance_-_San_Francisco%2C_CA_-_DSC06547.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3289" data-file-height="5079" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Julia_Morgan" title="Julia Morgan">Julia Morgan</a>-designed Hearst Building, the western headquarters of the <a href="/wiki/Hearst_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Hearst Corporation">Hearst Corporation</a></figcaption></figure> The San Francisco Bay Area is the sixth-largest <a href="/wiki/Designated_market_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Designated market area">television market</a>.<a href="#cite_note-386">[381]</a> It is the fourth-largest <a href="/wiki/Designated_market_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Designated market area">radio market</a> after that of New York City, Los Angeles, and Chicago.<a href="#cite_note-387">[382]</a> in the U.S. All major U.S. television networks have <a href="/wiki/List_of_television_stations_in_the_San_Francisco_Bay_Area" title="List of television stations in the San Francisco Bay Area">affiliates</a> serving the region, with most of them based in the city. <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a>, <a href="/wiki/MSNBC" title="MSNBC">MSNBC</a>, <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>, <a href="/wiki/RT_(TV_network)" title="RT (TV network)">Russia Today</a>, and <a href="/wiki/CCTV_America" class="mw-redirect" title="CCTV America">CCTV America</a> also have regional news bureaus in San Francisco. <a href="/wiki/Bloomberg_West" class="mw-redirect" title="Bloomberg West">Bloomberg West</a> was launched in 2011 from a studio on the Embarcadero and <a href="/wiki/CNBC" title="CNBC">CNBC</a> broadcasts from <a href="/wiki/One_Market_Plaza" title="One Market Plaza">One Market Plaza</a> since 2015. <a href="/wiki/ESPN" title="ESPN">ESPN</a> uses the local ABC studio for their broadcasting. The <a href="/wiki/Regional_sports_network" title="Regional sports network">regional sports network</a>, <a href="/wiki/Comcast_SportsNet_Bay_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Comcast SportsNet Bay Area">Comcast SportsNet Bay Area</a> and its sister station <a href="/wiki/Comcast_SportsNet_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Comcast SportsNet California">Comcast SportsNet California</a>, are both located in San Francisco. The <a href="/wiki/Pac-12_Network" title="Pac-12 Network">Pac-12 Network</a> is also based in San Francisco. <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sutro_Tower_from_Grandview.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Sutro_Tower_from_Grandview.jpg/170px-Sutro_Tower_from_Grandview.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="272" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Sutro_Tower_from_Grandview.jpg/255px-Sutro_Tower_from_Grandview.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Sutro_Tower_from_Grandview.jpg/340px-Sutro_Tower_from_Grandview.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2467" data-file-height="3942" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Sutro_Tower" title="Sutro Tower">Sutro Tower</a> is a <a href="/wiki/Radio_masts_and_towers" title="Radio masts and towers">broadcast tower</a> and local landmark.</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Public_broadcasting" title="Public broadcasting">Public broadcasting</a> outlets include both a <a href="/wiki/KQED-TV" class="mw-redirect" title="KQED-TV">television station</a> and a <a href="/wiki/KQED-FM" title="KQED-FM">radio station</a>, both broadcasting under the call letters KQED from a facility near the <a href="/wiki/Potrero_Hill" title="Potrero Hill">Potrero Hill</a> neighborhood. KQED-FM is the most-listened-to <a href="/wiki/National_Public_Radio" class="mw-redirect" title="National Public Radio">National Public Radio</a> affiliate in the country.<a href="#cite_note-388">[383]</a> <a href="/wiki/KUSF_(University_of_San_Francisco)" title="KUSF (University of San Francisco)">KUSF</a> is a student-run radio station by college students from the <a href="/wiki/University_of_San_Francisco" title="University of San Francisco">University of San Francisco</a>.<a href="#cite_note-389">[384]</a> Another local broadcaster, <a href="/wiki/KPOO" title="KPOO">KPOO</a>, is an independent, African-American owned and operated noncommercial radio station established in 1971.<a href="#cite_note-390">[385]</a> <a href="/wiki/CNET_Networks" class="mw-redirect" title="CNET Networks">CNET</a>, founded 1994, and <a href="/wiki/Salon.com" title="Salon.com">Salon.com</a>, 1995, are based in San Francisco. <a href="/wiki/Sutro_Tower" title="Sutro Tower">Sutro Tower</a> is an important <a href="/wiki/Radio_masts_and_towers" title="Radio masts and towers">broadcast tower</a> located between <a href="/wiki/Mount_Sutro" title="Mount Sutro">Mount Sutro</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Twin_Peaks_(San_Francisco)" title="Twin Peaks (San Francisco)">Twin Peaks</a>, built in 1973 for <a href="/wiki/KTVU" title="KTVU">KTVU</a>, <a href="/wiki/KRON" class="mw-redirect" title="KRON">KRON</a>, and <a href="/wiki/KPIX" class="mw-redirect" title="KPIX">KPIX</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Infrastructure">Infrastructure</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Infrastructure">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Transportation">Transportation</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Transportation">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_the_San_Francisco_Bay_Area" title="Transportation in the San Francisco Bay Area">Transportation in the San Francisco Bay Area</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Public_transportation">Public transportation</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Public transportation">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Municipal_Railway" title="San Francisco Municipal Railway">San Francisco Municipal Railway</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cable_Car_No._1_and_Alcatraz_Island.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Cable_Car_No._1_and_Alcatraz_Island.jpg/170px-Cable_Car_No._1_and_Alcatraz_Island.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="243" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Cable_Car_No._1_and_Alcatraz_Island.jpg/255px-Cable_Car_No._1_and_Alcatraz_Island.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Cable_Car_No._1_and_Alcatraz_Island.jpg/340px-Cable_Car_No._1_and_Alcatraz_Island.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2498" data-file-height="3578" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_cable_car_system" title="San Francisco cable car system">San Francisco cable car</a> with <a href="/wiki/Alcatraz" class="mw-redirect" title="Alcatraz">Alcatraz</a> seen behind</figcaption></figure> Transit is the most used form of transportation every day in San Francisco. Every weekday, more than 560,000 people travel on Muni's 69 bus routes and more than 140,000 customers ride the Muni Metro light rail system.<a href="#cite_note-:0-391">[386]</a> 32% of San Francisco residents use public transportation for their daily commute to work, ranking it fourth in the United States and first on the West Coast.<a href="#cite_note-392">[387]</a> The <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Municipal_Railway" title="San Francisco Municipal Railway">San Francisco Municipal Railway</a>, primarily known as Muni, is the primary public transit system of San Francisco. As of 2023, Muni is the eighth-largest transit system in the United States.<a href="#cite_note-393">[388]</a> The system operates a combined <a href="/wiki/Light_rail" title="Light rail">light rail</a> and subway system, the <a href="/wiki/Muni_Metro" title="Muni Metro">Muni Metro</a>, as well as large bus and <a href="/wiki/Trolleybuses_in_San_Francisco" title="Trolleybuses in San Francisco">trolley coach</a> networks.<a href="#cite_note-transportation-394">[389]</a> Additionally, it runs a <a href="/wiki/F_Market" class="mw-redirect" title="F Market">historic streetcar line</a>, which runs on Market Street from <a href="/wiki/The_Castro" class="mw-redirect" title="The Castro">Castro Street</a> to <a href="/wiki/Fisherman%27s_Wharf,_San_Francisco" title="Fisherman's Wharf, San Francisco">Fisherman's Wharf</a>.<a href="#cite_note-transportation-394">[389]</a> It also operates the famous <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_cable_car_system" title="San Francisco cable car system">cable cars</a>,<a href="#cite_note-transportation-394">[389]</a> which have been designated as a <a href="/wiki/National_Historic_Landmark" title="National Historic Landmark">National Historic Landmark</a> and are a major tourist attraction.<a href="#cite_note-395">[390]</a> <a href="/wiki/Bay_Area_Rapid_Transit" title="Bay Area Rapid Transit">Bay Area Rapid Transit</a> (BART), a regional Rapid Transit system, connects San Francisco with the <a href="/wiki/East_Bay_(San_Francisco_Bay_Area)" class="mw-redirect" title="East Bay (San Francisco Bay Area)">East Bay</a> and San Jose through the underwater <a href="/wiki/Transbay_Tube" title="Transbay Tube">Transbay Tube</a>. The line, which contains all except the Orange Line, runs under Market Street to <a href="/wiki/Civic_Center,_San_Francisco" title="Civic Center, San Francisco">Civic Center</a> where it turns south to the Mission District, the southern part of the city, and through northern <a href="/wiki/San_Mateo_County,_California" title="San Mateo County, California">San Mateo County</a>, to the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_International_Airport" title="San Francisco International Airport">San Francisco International Airport</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Millbrae,_California" title="Millbrae, California">Millbrae</a>.<a href="#cite_note-transportation-394">[389]</a> BART also shares stations with SFMTA <a href="/wiki/Muni_Metro" title="Muni Metro">Muni Metro</a> under <a href="/wiki/Market_Street_(San_Francisco)" title="Market Street (San Francisco)">Market Street</a>. <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:L_Taraval_train_on_Ulloa_Street,_June_2017-001_(cropped).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/L_Taraval_train_on_Ulloa_Street%2C_June_2017-001_%28cropped%29.JPG/220px-L_Taraval_train_on_Ulloa_Street%2C_June_2017-001_%28cropped%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="201" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/L_Taraval_train_on_Ulloa_Street%2C_June_2017-001_%28cropped%29.JPG/330px-L_Taraval_train_on_Ulloa_Street%2C_June_2017-001_%28cropped%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/L_Taraval_train_on_Ulloa_Street%2C_June_2017-001_%28cropped%29.JPG/440px-L_Taraval_train_on_Ulloa_Street%2C_June_2017-001_%28cropped%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3165" data-file-height="2891" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Muni_Metro" title="Muni Metro">Muni Metro</a>, run by <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Municipal_Railway" title="San Francisco Municipal Railway">SF Muni</a></figcaption></figure> Another commuter rail system, <a href="/wiki/Caltrain" title="Caltrain">Caltrain</a>, runs from San Francisco along the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Peninsula" title="San Francisco Peninsula">San Francisco Peninsula</a> to <a href="/wiki/San_Jose,_California" title="San Jose, California">San Jose</a>.<a href="#cite_note-transportation-394">[389]</a> Historically, trains operated by <a href="/wiki/Southern_Pacific_Lines" class="mw-redirect" title="Southern Pacific Lines">Southern Pacific Lines</a> ran from San Francisco to Los Angeles, via <a href="/wiki/Palo_Alto,_California" title="Palo Alto, California">Palo Alto</a> and <a href="/wiki/San_Jose,_California" title="San Jose, California">San Jose</a>. <a href="/wiki/Amtrak_Thruway" title="Amtrak Thruway">Amtrak Thruway</a> runs a shuttle bus from three locations in San Francisco to its station across the bay in <a href="/wiki/Emeryville,_California" title="Emeryville, California">Emeryville</a>.<a href="#cite_note-396">[391]</a> Additionally, BART offers connections to San Francisco from Amtrak's stations in Emeryville, Oakland and <a href="/wiki/Richmond,_California" title="Richmond, California">Richmond</a>, and Caltrain offers connections in San Jose and <a href="/wiki/Santa_Clara,_California" title="Santa Clara, California">Santa Clara</a>. Thruway service also runs south to <a href="/wiki/San_Luis_Obispo,_California" title="San Luis Obispo, California">San Luis Obispo</a> with connection to the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Surfliner" title="Pacific Surfliner">Pacific Surfliner</a>. San Francisco was an early adopter of <a href="/wiki/Carsharing" title="Carsharing">carsharing</a> in America. The non-profit <a href="/wiki/City_CarShare" title="City CarShare">City CarShare</a> opened in 2001<a href="#cite_note-397">[392]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Zipcar" title="Zipcar">Zipcar</a> closely followed.<a href="#cite_note-398">[393]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Larkspur_Ferry_%E2%80%9CMendocino%E2%80%9D_at_the_San_Francisco_Ferry_Terminal_in_June_of_2023_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/The_Larkspur_Ferry_%E2%80%9CMendocino%E2%80%9D_at_the_San_Francisco_Ferry_Terminal_in_June_of_2023_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-The_Larkspur_Ferry_%E2%80%9CMendocino%E2%80%9D_at_the_San_Francisco_Ferry_Terminal_in_June_of_2023_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/The_Larkspur_Ferry_%E2%80%9CMendocino%E2%80%9D_at_the_San_Francisco_Ferry_Terminal_in_June_of_2023_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-The_Larkspur_Ferry_%E2%80%9CMendocino%E2%80%9D_at_the_San_Francisco_Ferry_Terminal_in_June_of_2023_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/The_Larkspur_Ferry_%E2%80%9CMendocino%E2%80%9D_at_the_San_Francisco_Ferry_Terminal_in_June_of_2023_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-The_Larkspur_Ferry_%E2%80%9CMendocino%E2%80%9D_at_the_San_Francisco_Ferry_Terminal_in_June_of_2023_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3030" data-file-height="1720" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Golden_Gate_Ferry" title="Golden Gate Ferry">Golden Gate Ferries</a> connect the city to <a href="/wiki/North_Bay_(San_Francisco_Bay_Area)" title="North Bay (San Francisco Bay Area)">North Bay</a> communities, while <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Bay_Ferry" title="San Francisco Bay Ferry">San Francisco Bay Ferry</a> connects the city to both the North and <a href="/wiki/East_Bay" title="East Bay">East Bay</a>.</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Bay_Ferry" title="San Francisco Bay Ferry">San Francisco Bay Ferry</a> operates from the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Ferry_Building" title="San Francisco Ferry Building">Ferry Building</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pier_39" title="Pier 39">Pier 39</a> to points in <a href="/wiki/Oakland_Ferry_Terminal" title="Oakland Ferry Terminal">Oakland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alameda,_California" title="Alameda, California">Alameda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bay_Farm_Island,_Alameda,_California" title="Bay Farm Island, Alameda, California">Bay Farm Island</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_San_Francisco_Ferry_Terminal" title="South San Francisco Ferry Terminal">South San Francisco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richmond_Ferry_Terminal" title="Richmond Ferry Terminal">Richmond</a>, and north to <a href="/wiki/Vallejo,_California" title="Vallejo, California">Vallejo</a> in <a href="/wiki/Solano_County,_California" title="Solano County, California">Solano County</a>.<a href="#cite_note-399">[394]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Golden_Gate_Ferry" title="Golden Gate Ferry">Golden Gate Ferry</a> is the other ferry operator with service between San Francisco and <a href="/wiki/Marin_County" class="mw-redirect" title="Marin County">Marin County</a>.<a href="#cite_note-400">[395]</a> <a href="/wiki/SolTrans" title="SolTrans">SolTrans</a> runs supplemental bus service between the Ferry Building and Vallejo. To accommodate the large amount of San Francisco citizens who commute to the <a href="/wiki/Silicon_Valley" title="Silicon Valley">Silicon Valley</a> daily, employers like <a href="/wiki/Genentech" title="Genentech">Genentech</a>, <a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple</a> have begun to provide private bus transportation for their employees, from San Francisco locations. These buses have quickly become a heated topic of debate within the city, as <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_tech_bus_protests" title="San Francisco tech bus protests">protesters</a> claim they block bus lanes and delay public buses.<a href="#cite_note-401">[396]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Freeways_and_roads">Freeways and roads</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Freeways and roads">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_streets_in_San_Francisco" title="List of streets in San Francisco">List of streets in San Francisco</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bay_Bridge_2022.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Bay_Bridge_2022.jpg/220px-Bay_Bridge_2022.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Bay_Bridge_2022.jpg/330px-Bay_Bridge_2022.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Bay_Bridge_2022.jpg/440px-Bay_Bridge_2022.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2250" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco%E2%80%93Oakland_Bay_Bridge" title="San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge">Bay Bridge</a> connects the city to <a href="/wiki/Oakland,_California" title="Oakland, California">Oakland</a> and the East Bay.</figcaption></figure> In 2014, only 41.3% of residents commuted by driving alone or carpooling in private vehicles in San Francisco, a decline from 48.6% in 2000.<a href="#cite_note-:5-402">[397]</a> There are 1,088 miles of streets in San Francisco with 946 miles of these streets being surface streets, and 59 miles of freeways.<a href="#cite_note-:5-402">[397]</a> Due to its unique geography, and the <a href="/wiki/Highway_revolts_in_the_United_States#San_Francisco" title="Highway revolts in the United States">freeway revolts</a> of the late 1950s,<a href="#cite_note-freeway-403">[398]</a> <a href="/wiki/Interstate_80_in_California" title="Interstate 80 in California">Interstate 80</a> begins at the approach to the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco%E2%80%93Oakland_Bay_Bridge" title="San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge">Bay Bridge</a> and is the only direct automobile link to the East Bay. <a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_101_in_California" title="U.S. Route 101 in California">U.S. Route 101</a> connects to the western terminus of Interstate 80 and provides access to the south of the city along San Francisco Bay toward <a href="/wiki/Silicon_Valley" title="Silicon Valley">Silicon Valley</a>. Northward, the routing for U.S. 101 uses arterial streets to connect to the <a href="/wiki/Golden_Gate_Bridge" title="Golden Gate Bridge">Golden Gate Bridge</a>, the only direct automobile link to <a href="/wiki/Marin_County" class="mw-redirect" title="Marin County">Marin County</a> and the North Bay. As part of the retrofitting of the Golden Gate Bridge and installation of a suicide barrier, starting in 2019 the railings on the west side of the pedestrian walkway were replaced with thinner, more flexible <a href="/wiki/Slat_(aircraft)" class="mw-redirect" title="Slat (aircraft)">slats</a> in order to improve the bridge's aerodynamic tolerance of high wind to 100 mph (161 km/h). Starting in June 2020, reports were received of a loud hum produced by the new railing slats, heard across the city when a strong west wind was blowing.<a href="#cite_note-bridge_harmonic_resonance_issues-404">[399]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lombard_Street_2020.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Lombard_Street_2020.jpg/170px-Lombard_Street_2020.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="302" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Lombard_Street_2020.jpg/255px-Lombard_Street_2020.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Lombard_Street_2020.jpg/340px-Lombard_Street_2020.jpg 2x" data-file-width="596" data-file-height="1058" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Lombard_Street_(San_Francisco)" title="Lombard Street (San Francisco)">Lombard Street</a> in <a href="/wiki/Russian_Hill,_San_Francisco" title="Russian Hill, San Francisco">Russian Hill</a> is famed as "the most crooked street in the world."</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/California_State_Route_1" title="California State Route 1">State Route 1</a> also enters San Francisco from the north via the Golden Gate Bridge and bisects the city as the <a href="/wiki/19th_Avenue_(San_Francisco)" title="19th Avenue (San Francisco)">19th Avenue</a> arterial thoroughfare, joining with <a href="/wiki/Interstate_280_(California)" title="Interstate 280 (California)">Interstate 280</a> at the city's southern border. Interstate 280 continues south from San Francisco, and also turns to the east along the southern edge of the city, terminating just south of the Bay Bridge in the <a href="/wiki/South_of_Market_(San_Francisco)" class="mw-redirect" title="South of Market (San Francisco)">South of Market</a> neighborhood. After the <a href="/wiki/1989_Loma_Prieta_earthquake" title="1989 Loma Prieta earthquake">1989 Loma Prieta earthquake</a>, city leaders demolished the <a href="/wiki/Embarcadero_Freeway" class="mw-redirect" title="Embarcadero Freeway">Embarcadero Freeway</a> and a portion of the <a href="/wiki/Central_Freeway" title="Central Freeway">Central Freeway</a>, converting them into street-level boulevards.<a href="#cite_note-freeway-403">[398]</a> <a href="/wiki/California_State_Route_35" title="California State Route 35">State Route 35</a> enters the city from the south as <a href="/wiki/Skyline_Boulevard" class="mw-redirect" title="Skyline Boulevard">Skyline Boulevard</a> and terminates at its intersection with Highway 1. <a href="/wiki/California_State_Route_82" title="California State Route 82">State Route 82</a> enters San Francisco from the south as <a href="/wiki/Mission_Street" title="Mission Street">Mission Street</a>, and terminates shortly thereafter at its junction with 280. The western terminus of the historic transcontinental <a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Highway" title="Lincoln Highway">Lincoln Highway</a>, the first road across America, is in San Francisco's <a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Park_(San_Francisco)" title="Lincoln Park (San Francisco)">Lincoln Park</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Vision_Zero">Vision Zero</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Vision Zero">edit</a>]</div> In 2014, San Francisco committed to <a href="/wiki/Vision_Zero" title="Vision Zero">Vision Zero</a>, with the goal of ending all traffic fatalities caused by motor vehicles within the city by 2024.<a href="#cite_note-405">[400]</a> San Francisco's Vision Zero plan calls for investing in engineering, enforcement, and education, and focusing on dangerous intersections. In 2013, 25 people were killed by car and truck drivers while walking and biking in the city and 9 car drivers and passengers were killed in collisions. In 2019, 42 people were killed in traffic collisions in San Francisco.<a href="#cite_note-406">[401]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Airports">Airports</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Airports">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_International_Airport" title="San Francisco International Airport">San Francisco International Airport</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:San_Francisco_International_Airport_-_aerial_photo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/San_Francisco_International_Airport_-_aerial_photo.jpg/220px-San_Francisco_International_Airport_-_aerial_photo.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/San_Francisco_International_Airport_-_aerial_photo.jpg/330px-San_Francisco_International_Airport_-_aerial_photo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/San_Francisco_International_Airport_-_aerial_photo.jpg/440px-San_Francisco_International_Airport_-_aerial_photo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1333" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_International_Airport" title="San Francisco International Airport">San Francisco International Airport</a>, one of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_busiest_airports_by_passenger_traffic" title="List of busiest airports by passenger traffic">busiest airports in the world</a></figcaption></figure> Though located 13 miles (21 km) south of downtown in <a href="/wiki/Unincorporated_area" title="Unincorporated area">unincorporated</a> <a href="/wiki/San_Mateo_County,_California" title="San Mateo County, California">San Mateo County</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_International_Airport" title="San Francisco International Airport">San Francisco International Airport</a> (SFO) is under the jurisdiction of the City and County of San Francisco. SFO is a hub for <a href="/wiki/United_Airlines" title="United Airlines">United Airlines</a><a href="#cite_note-UAL-407">[402]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alaska_Airlines" title="Alaska Airlines">Alaska Airlines</a>.<a href="#cite_note-408">[403]</a> SFO is a major international gateway to Asia and Europe, with the largest international terminal in North America.<a href="#cite_note-intlterminalfactsheet-409">[404]</a> In 2011, SFO was the eighth-busiest airport in the U.S. and the 22nd-busiest in the world, handling over 40.9 million passengers.<a href="#cite_note-SFO-stats-2011-410">[405]</a> Located in the <a href="/wiki/Santa_Clara_Valley" title="Santa Clara Valley">South Bay</a>, the <a href="/wiki/San_Jose_International_Airport" title="San Jose International Airport">San Jose International Airport</a> (SJC) is the second-busiest airport in the Bay Area, followed by <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Bay_Oakland_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="San Francisco Bay Oakland International Airport">San Francisco Bay Oakland International Airport</a>, which is a popular, low-cost alternative to SFO. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Cycling_and_walking">Cycling and walking</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Cycling and walking">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Cycling_in_San_Francisco" title="Cycling in San Francisco">Cycling in San Francisco</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:San_Francisco_Bay_Wheels.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/San_Francisco_Bay_Wheels.jpg/220px-San_Francisco_Bay_Wheels.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/San_Francisco_Bay_Wheels.jpg/330px-San_Francisco_Bay_Wheels.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/San_Francisco_Bay_Wheels.jpg/440px-San_Francisco_Bay_Wheels.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3841" data-file-height="2849" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Bay_Wheels" title="Bay Wheels">Bay Wheels</a> station on <a href="/wiki/Market_Street_(San_Francisco)" title="Market Street (San Francisco)">Market St.</a></figcaption></figure> Cycling is a popular mode of transportation in San Francisco, with 75,000 residents commuting by bicycle each day.<a href="#cite_note-2011_Bicycle_Count_Report-411">[406]</a> In recent years,[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers">when?</a>] the city has installed better <a href="/wiki/Cycling_infrastructure" title="Cycling infrastructure">cycling infrastructure</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Protected_bike_lane" class="mw-redirect" title="Protected bike lane">protected bike lanes</a> and parking racks.<a href="#cite_note-412">[407]</a> <a href="/wiki/Bay_Wheels" title="Bay Wheels">Bay Wheels</a>, previously named Bay Area Bike Share at inception, launched in August 2013 with 700 bikes in downtown San Francisco, selected cities in the East Bay, and San Jose. The <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Municipal_Transportation_Agency" title="San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency">San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bay_Area_Air_Quality_Management_District" title="Bay Area Air Quality Management District">Bay Area Air Quality Management District</a> are responsible for the operation with management provided by <a href="/wiki/Motivate_(company)" title="Motivate (company)">Motivate</a>.<a href="#cite_note-413">[408]</a> A major expansion started in 2017, along with a rebranding as Ford GoBike; the company received its current name in 2019.<a href="#cite_note-414">[409]</a> Pedestrian traffic is also widespread. In 2015, <a href="/wiki/Walk_Score" title="Walk Score">Walk Score</a> ranked San Francisco the second-most walkable city in the United States.<a href="#cite_note-415">[410]</a><a href="#cite_note-416">[411]</a><a href="#cite_note-417">[412]</a> San Francisco has significantly higher rates of pedestrian and bicyclist traffic deaths than the United States on average. In 2013, 21 pedestrians were killed in vehicle collisions, the highest since 2001,<a href="#cite_note-SF_Examiner_ped_safety-418">[413]</a> which is 2.5 deaths per 100,000 population – 70% higher than the national average of 1.5.<a href="#cite_note-NHTSA_2012_Crashes-419">[414]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Critical_Mass,_San_Francisco,_April_29,_2005_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Critical_Mass%2C_San_Francisco%2C_April_29%2C_2005_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Critical_Mass%2C_San_Francisco%2C_April_29%2C_2005_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Critical_Mass%2C_San_Francisco%2C_April_29%2C_2005_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Critical_Mass%2C_San_Francisco%2C_April_29%2C_2005_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Critical_Mass%2C_San_Francisco%2C_April_29%2C_2005_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Critical_Mass%2C_San_Francisco%2C_April_29%2C_2005_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="723" data-file-height="498" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Cycling_in_San_Francisco" title="Cycling in San Francisco">San Francisco cycling</a> event</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Cycling_in_San_Francisco" title="Cycling in San Francisco">Cycling</a> is becoming increasingly popular in the city. The 2010 <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Municipal_Transportation_Agency" title="San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency">Municipal Transportation Agency (MTA)</a> annual bicycle count showed the number of cyclists at 33 locations had increased 58% from the 2006 baseline counts.<a href="#cite_note-420">[415]</a> In 2008, the MTA estimated that about 128,000 trips were made by bicycle each day in the city, or 6% of total trips.<a href="#cite_note-421">[416]</a> As of 2019<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit">[update]</a>, 2.6% of the city's streets have protected bike lanes, with 28 miles of protected bike lanes in the city.<a href="#cite_note-:0-391">[386]</a> Since 2006, San Francisco has received a Bicycle Friendly Community status of "Gold" from the <a href="/wiki/League_of_American_Bicyclists" title="League of American Bicyclists">League of American Bicyclists</a>.<a href="#cite_note-422">[417]</a> In 2022 a measure on the ballot passed to protect JFK drive in Golden Gate Park as a pedestrian and biking space with 59% of voters in favor.<a href="#cite_note-423">[418]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Public_safety">Public safety</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Public safety">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_San_Francisco_Police_Department" title="History of the San Francisco Police Department">History of the San Francisco Police Department</a></div> The <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Police_Department" title="San Francisco Police Department">San Francisco Police Department</a> was founded in 1849.<a href="#cite_note-424">[419]</a> The portions of the <a href="/wiki/Golden_Gate_National_Recreation_Area" title="Golden Gate National Recreation Area">Golden Gate National Recreation Area</a> located within the city, including the <a href="/wiki/Presidio_of_San_Francisco" title="Presidio of San Francisco">Presidio</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ocean_Beach,_San_Francisco" title="Ocean Beach, San Francisco">Ocean Beach</a>, are patrolled by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Park_Police" title="United States Park Police">United States Park Police</a>. The <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Fire_Department" title="San Francisco Fire Department">San Francisco Fire Department</a> provides both fire suppression and emergency medical services to the city.<a href="#cite_note-425">[420]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sister_cities">Sister cities</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Sister cities">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Sister_cities_of_San_Francisco,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Sister cities of San Francisco, California">Sister cities of San Francisco, California</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_San_Francisco" class="mw-redirect" title="List of diplomatic missions in San Francisco">List of diplomatic missions in San Francisco</a></div> San Francisco participates in the <a href="/wiki/Sister_Cities_International" title="Sister Cities International">Sister Cities</a> program.<a href="#cite_note-426">[421]</a> A total of 41 consulates general and 23 honorary consulates have offices in the San Francisco Bay Area.<a href="#cite_note-427">[422]</a> In January 1980, Mayor <a href="/wiki/Dianne_Feinstein" title="Dianne Feinstein">Dianne Feinstein</a> signed a sister cities agreement with Shanghai during a visit to China.<a href="#cite_note-:05-428">[423]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Notable people">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_San_Francisco" title="List of people from San Francisco">List of people from San Francisco</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 25em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Bay_Area" title="San Francisco Bay Area">San Francisco Bay Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_California" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities and towns in California">List of cities and towns in California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_counties_in_California" title="List of counties in California">List of counties in California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_San_Francisco" title="List of people from San Francisco">List of people from San Francisco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_California_megaregion" title="Northern California megaregion">Northern California megaregion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ships_lost_in_San_Francisco" title="Ships lost in San Francisco">Ships lost in San Francisco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_San_Francisco" title="USS San Francisco">USS San Francisco</a>, 3 ships</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-154"><a href="#cite_ref-154">^</a> Station currently at the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Mint#Current_building" title="San Francisco Mint">United States Mint</a> building<a href="#cite_note-153">[152]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Self-published_sources" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">self-published source?</a>] </li> <li id="cite_note-161"><a href="#cite_ref-161">^</a> The coordinates of the station are <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=San_Francisco&params=37.7706_N_122.4269_W_type:landmark_region:US-CA">37°46′14″N 122°25′37″W / 37.7706°N 122.4269°W / 37.7706; -122.4269</a>. Precipitation, high temperature, low temperature, snow, and snow depth records date from October 1, 1849; June 1, 1874; January 1, 1875; January 1, 1876; and January 1, 1922; respectively. </li> <li id="cite_note-162"><a href="#cite_ref-162">^</a> Mean monthly maxima and minima (i.e. the expected highest and lowest temperature readings at any point during the year or given month) calculated based on data at said location from 1991 to 2020. </li> <li id="cite_note-183"><a href="#cite_ref-183">^</a> Those not born in the 50 states or D.C., excluding California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas before 1850. </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-TBI20130630-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TBI20130630_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TBI20130630_1-1">b</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFGarling2013" class="citation web cs1">Garling, Caleb (June 30, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thebolditalic.com/don-t-call-it-frisco-the-history-of-san-francisco-s-nicknames-the-bold-italic-san-francisco-5c14348d49c#.m605gfvq5">"Don't Call It Frisco: The History of San Francisco's Nicknames"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Bold_Italic" title="The Bold Italic">The Bold Italic</a>. Retrieved June 18, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Bold+Italic&rft.atitle=Don%27t+Call+It+Frisco%3A+The+History+of+San+Francisco%27s+Nicknames&rft.date=2013-06-30&rft.aulast=Garling&rft.aufirst=Caleb&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthebolditalic.com%2Fdon-t-call-it-frisco-the-history-of-san-francisco-s-nicknames-the-bold-italic-san-francisco-5c14348d49c%23.m605gfvq5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Francisco" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sfmuseum.org/hist1/song.html#:~:text=%22I%20Left%20My%20Heart%20in,city%20song%20October%206%2C%201969.">"San Francisco's Official Songs"</a>. Museum of San Francisco. Retrieved June 17, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Museum+of+San+Francisco&rft.atitle=San+Francisco%27s+Official+Songs&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sfmuseum.org%2Fhist1%2Fsong.html%23%3A~%3Atext%3D%2522I%2520Left%2520My%2520Heart%2520in%2Ccity%2520song%2520October%25206%252C%25201969.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Francisco" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> 'Be it resolved: The official song of the City and County of San Francisco is, and shall remain, "San Francisco." Be it further resolved that henceforth: "I Left My Heart in San Francisco" shall be the official ballad.' San Francisco Administrative Code — Steven Short, <a href="/wiki/KALW" title="KALW">KALW</a> Public Media, May 10, 2021, "San Francisco's Two Official Songs Or, The Day Tony Bennett Hid In His Hotel" <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.kalw.org/show/crosscurrents/2012-02-14/san-franciscos-two-official-songs-or-the-day-tony-bennett-hid-in-his-hotel">[1]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-DeAnza-Moraga-Palou-4">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DeAnza-Moraga-Palou_4-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-DeAnza-Moraga-Palou_4-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-DeAnza-Moraga-Palou_4-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'Day1926" class="citation web cs1">O'Day, Edward F. (October 1926). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100727190828/http://www.sfmuseum.org/hist6/founding.html">"The Founding of San Francisco"</a>. San Francisco Water. Spring Valley Water Authority. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sfmuseum.org/hist6/founding.html">the original</a> on July 27, 2010. Retrieved February 14, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=San+Francisco+Water&rft.atitle=The+Founding+of+San+Francisco&rft.date=1926-10&rft.aulast=O%27Day&rft.aufirst=Edward+F.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sfmuseum.org%2Fhist6%2Ffounding.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Francisco" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120316222315/http://www6.sfgov.org/index.aspx?page=4">"San Francisco: Government"</a>. SFGov.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www6.sfgov.org/index.aspx?page=4">the original</a> on March 16, 2012. Retrieved March 8, 2012. <q>San Francisco was incorporated as a City on April 15th, 1850 by act of the Legislature.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=San+Francisco%3A+Government&rft.pub=SFGov.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww6.sfgov.org%2Findex.aspx%3Fpage%3D4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Francisco" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091024041729/http://www.sfmayor.org/">"Office of the Mayor : Home"</a>. City & County of San Francisco. 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SFGATE.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=SFGATE&rft.atitle=Juana+Briones+%E2%80%93+San+Francisco%27s+founding+mother&rft.date=2013-08-23&rft.aulast=Kamiya&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sfgate.com%2Fbayarea%2Farticle%2FJuana-Briones-San-Francisco-s-founding-mother-4757183.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Francisco" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-sfmuseum-early-63">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sfmuseum-early_63-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-sfmuseum-early_63-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-sfmuseum-early_63-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-sfmuseum-early_63-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-sfmuseum-early_63-4">e</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSan_Francisco_News_Letter1925" class="citation web cs1">San Francisco News Letter (September 1925). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sfmuseum.org/hist1/early.html">"From the 1820s to the Gold Rush"</a>. The Virtual Museum of the City of San Francisco. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091022224825/http://www.sfmuseum.org/hist1/early.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 22, 2009. Retrieved November 11, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=From+the+1820s+to+the+Gold+Rush&rft.pub=The+Virtual+Museum+of+the+City+of+San+Francisco&rft.date=1925-09&rft.au=San+Francisco+News+Letter&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sfmuseum.org%2Fhist1%2Fearly.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Francisco" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a> Cf., Richard Henry Dana Jr., <a href="/wiki/Two_Years_before_the_Mast" class="mw-redirect" title="Two Years before the Mast">Two Years before the Mast</a> (1840). </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChandler2010" class="citation book cs1">Chandler, Robert J (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Qk7eEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA343#v=onepage&q&f=false">"Bear Flag Revolt (1846): Sonoma"</a>. 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San Diego, California: Thunder Bay Press. pp. 18–19. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-59223-319-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-59223-319-8"><bdi>1-59223-319-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Missions+of+California&rft.place=San+Diego%2C+California&rft.pages=18-19&rft.pub=Thunder+Bay+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=1-59223-319-8&rft.aulast=Yenne&rft.aufirst=Bill&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Francisco" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEldredge1916" class="citation journal cs1">Eldredge, Zoeth Skinner (March 16, 1916). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.32106019794160?urlappend=%3Bseq=110">"El Paraje de Yerba Buena"</a>. Municipal Record. 9 (11). San Francisco, CA: 110–111. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2027%2Fuc1.32106019794160?urlappend=%3Bseq=110">2027/uc1.32106019794160</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Municipal+Record&rft.atitle=El+Paraje+de+Yerba+Buena&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=11&rft.pages=110-111&rft.date=1916-03-16&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2027%2Fuc1.32106019794160%3Furlappend%3D%253Bseq%3D110&rft.aulast=Eldredge&rft.aufirst=Zoeth+Skinner&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhdl.handle.net%2F2027%2Fuc1.32106019794160%3Furlappend%3D%253Bseq%3D110&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Francisco" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-browning-68"><a href="#cite_ref-browning_68-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrowning1998" class="citation book cs1">Browning, Peter (1998). San Francisco/Yerba Buena: From the Beginning to the Gold Rush 1769-1849. Great West Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780944220085" title="Special:BookSources/9780944220085"><bdi>9780944220085</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=San+Francisco%2FYerba+Buena%3A+From+the+Beginning+to+the+Gold+Rush+1769-1849&rft.pub=Great+West+Books&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=9780944220085&rft.aulast=Browning&rft.aufirst=Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Francisco" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sfgenealogy.org/doku.php?id=san_francisco_history:san_francisco_census_1842">"san_francisco_history:san_francisco_census_1842 [SFgenealogy]"</a>. www.sfgenealogy.org. Retrieved June 18, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.sfgenealogy.org&rft.atitle=san_francisco_history%3Asan_francisco_census_1842+%5BSFgenealogy%5D&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sfgenealogy.org%2Fdoku.php%3Fid%3Dsan_francisco_history%3Asan_francisco_census_1842&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Francisco" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sfmuseum.net/hist/name.html">"Yerba Buena Renamed San Francisco"</a>. The Virtual Museum of the City of San Francisco. Retrieved November 20, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Yerba+Buena+Renamed+San+Francisco&rft.pub=The+Virtual+Museum+of+the+City+of+San+Francisco&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sfmuseum.net%2Fhist%2Fname.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Francisco" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWiley2000" class="citation book cs1">Wiley, Peter Booth (2000). National trust guide- San Francisco: America's guide for architecture and history travelers. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. pp. 4–5. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-471-19120-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-471-19120-9"><bdi>978-0-471-19120-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/44313415">44313415</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=National+trust+guide-+San+Francisco%3A+America%27s+guide+for+architecture+and+history+travelers&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=4-5&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons%2C+Inc.&rft.date=2000&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F44313415&rft.isbn=978-0-471-19120-9&rft.aulast=Wiley&rft.aufirst=Peter+Booth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Francisco" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a> Sourdough bread was a staple of western explorers and miners of the 19th century. It became an iconic symbol of San Francisco, and is still a staple of city life today.<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTamony1973" class="citation journal cs1">Tamony, Peter (October 1973). "Sourdough and French Bread". Western Folklore. 32 (4): 265–270. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F1498306">10.2307/1498306</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0043-373X">0043-373X</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1498306">1498306</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Western+Folklore&rft.atitle=Sourdough+and+French+Bread&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=265-270&rft.date=1973-10&rft.issn=0043-373X&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1498306%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F1498306&rft.aulast=Tamony&rft.aufirst=Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Francisco" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sfmuseum.org/hist1/brick.html">"San Francisco's First Brick Building"</a>. The Virtual Museum of the City of San Francisco. July 16, 2004. Retrieved June 13, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=San+Francisco%27s+First+Brick+Building&rft.pub=The+Virtual+Museum+of+the+City+of+San+Francisco&rft.date=2004-07-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sfmuseum.org%2Fhist1%2Fbrick.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Francisco" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-1849pop-74"><a href="#cite_ref-1849pop_74-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRichards1992" class="citation book cs1">Richards, Rand (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historicsanfranc00rich">Historic San Francisco: A Concise History and Guide</a>. Heritage House. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-879367-00-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-879367-00-5"><bdi>978-1-879367-00-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/214330849">214330849</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historic+San+Francisco%3A+A+Concise+History+and+Guide&rft.pub=Heritage+House&rft.date=1992&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F214330849&rft.isbn=978-1-879367-00-5&rft.aulast=Richards&rft.aufirst=Rand&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhistoricsanfranc00rich&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Francisco" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-buriedships-75"><a href="#cite_ref-buriedships_75-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarris2005" class="citation news cs1">Harris, Ron (November 14, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.constructionequipmentguide.com/story.asp?story=6287&headline=Crews">"Crews Unearth Shipwreck on San Francisco Condo Project"</a>. Associated Press. Retrieved September 4, 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Crews+Unearth+Shipwreck+on+San+Francisco+Condo+Project&rft.date=2005-11-14&rft.aulast=Harris&rft.aufirst=Ron&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.constructionequipmentguide.com%2Fstory.asp%3Fstory%3D6287%26headline%3DCrews&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Francisco" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-buriedshipsSFgenalogy-76"><a href="#cite_ref-buriedshipsSFgenalogy_76-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFilion" class="citation web cs1">Filion, Ron S. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sfgenealogy.org/sf/history/hgshp1.htm">"Buried Ships"</a>. SFgenealogy. Retrieved April 19, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Buried+Ships&rft.pub=SFgenealogy&rft.aulast=Filion&rft.aufirst=Ron+S.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sfgenealogy.org%2Fsf%2Fhistory%2Fhgshp1.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Francisco" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a> Report of Committee on Counties, January 4, 1850, revised to 27 counties on February 18, 1850 – <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCoy1923" class="citation book cs1">Coy, Owen C. (1923). California County Boundaries. Berkeley: California Historical Survey Commission. pp. 1–2.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=California+County+Boundaries&rft.place=Berkeley&rft.pages=1-2&rft.pub=California+Historical+Survey+Commission&rft.date=1923&rft.aulast=Coy&rft.aufirst=Owen+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Francisco" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4a83AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA145">Statutes of California and Digests of Measures</a>. J. Winchester. 1856. p. 145.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Statutes+of+California+and+Digests+of+Measures&rft.pages=145&rft.pub=J.+Winchester&rft.date=1856&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4a83AAAAIAAJ%26pg%3DPA145&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Francisco" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMathews2023" class="citation news cs1">Mathews, Joe (April 16, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sfchronicle.com/opinion/openforum/article/dont-bank-on-california-especially-banks-17896018.php">"Don't bank on California, especially when banks are involved"</a>. San Francisco Chronicle.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=San+Francisco+Chronicle&rft.atitle=Don%27t+bank+on+California%2C+especially+when+banks+are+involved&rft.date=2023-04-16&rft.aulast=Mathews&rft.aufirst=Joe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sfchronicle.com%2Fopinion%2Fopenforum%2Farticle%2Fdont-bank-on-california-especially-banks-17896018.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Francisco" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWiley2000" class="citation book cs1">Wiley, Peter Booth (2000). National trust guide- San Francisco: America's guide for architecture and history travelers. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. pp. 31–33. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-471-19120-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-471-19120-9"><bdi>978-0-471-19120-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/44313415">44313415</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=National+trust+guide-+San+Francisco%3A+America%27s+guide+for+architecture+and+history+travelers&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=31-33&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons%2C+Inc.&rft.date=2000&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F44313415&rft.isbn=978-0-471-19120-9&rft.aulast=Wiley&rft.aufirst=Peter+Booth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Francisco" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWiley2000" class="citation book cs1">Wiley, Peter Booth (2000). National trust guide- San Francisco: America's guide for architecture and history travelers. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. pp. 237–238. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-471-19120-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-471-19120-9"><bdi>978-0-471-19120-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/44313415">44313415</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=National+trust+guide-+San+Francisco%3A+America%27s+guide+for+architecture+and+history+travelers&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=237-238&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons%2C+Inc.&rft.date=2000&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F44313415&rft.isbn=978-0-471-19120-9&rft.aulast=Wiley&rft.aufirst=Peter+Booth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Francisco" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a> <a href="#taylor1895">Taylor, 1895</a>, p. 195 </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.foundsf.org/index.php?title=William_Ralston">"William Ralston - FoundSF"</a>. www.foundsf.org. Retrieved August 8, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.foundsf.org&rft.atitle=William+Ralston+-+FoundSF&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.foundsf.org%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DWilliam_Ralston&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Francisco" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCalic2024" class="citation web cs1">Calic, Dan (January 5, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rwcpulse.com/blogs/portal-to-our-past/2024/01/05/blog-how-the-mighty-fall-the-story-of-william-c-ralston/">"Blog: How The Mighty Fall. The Story of William C. Ralston"</a>. Redwood City Pulse. Retrieved August 8, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Redwood+City+Pulse&rft.atitle=Blog%3A+How+The+Mighty+Fall.+The+Story+of+William+C.+Ralston&rft.date=2024-01-05&rft.aulast=Calic&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rwcpulse.com%2Fblogs%2Fportal-to-our-past%2F2024%2F01%2F05%2Fblog-how-the-mighty-fall-the-story-of-william-c-ralston%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Francisco" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a> Construction of the Pacific Railroad was partially (albeit reluctantly) funded by the <a href="/wiki/File:Pacific_RR_Bond_SF_1865.jpeg" title="File:Pacific RR Bond SF 1865.jpeg">City and County of San Francisco Pacific Railroad Bond issue</a> under the provisions of "An Act to Authorize the Board of Supervisors of the City and County of San Francisco to take and subscribe One Million Dollars to the Capital Stock of the Western Pacific Rail Road Company and the Central Pacific Rail Road Company of California and to provide for the payment of the same and other matters relating thereto." approved on April 22, 1863, as amended by §5 of the "Compromise Act of 1864" approved on April 4, 1864. The bond issue was objected to by the Mayor and the Board of Supervisors, however, and they were not delivered to the WPRR and CPRR until 1865 after Writs of Mandamus ordering such were issued by the Supreme Court of the State of California in 1864 ("The People of the State of California on the relation of the Central Pacific Railroad Company vs. Henry P. Coon, Mayor; Henry M. Hale, Auditor; and Joseph S. Paxson, Treasurer, of the City and County of San Francisco" 25 Cal 635) and 1865 ("The People ex rel The Central Pacific Railroad Company of California vs. The Board of Supervisors of the City and County of San Francisco, and Wilhelm Lowey, Clerk" 27 Cal 655) </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://usa.ipums.org/usa/">"IPUMS USA"</a>. usa.ipums.org. Retrieved June 18, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=usa.ipums.org&rft.atitle=IPUMS+USA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fusa.ipums.org%2Fusa%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Francisco" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nps.gov/goga/planyourvisit/upload/3flags_7-03.pdf">"Under Three Flags"</a> (PDF). Golden Gate National Recreation Area Brochures. US Department of the Interior. November 2004. 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Chronicle Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8118-0841-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8118-0841-5"><bdi>978-0-8118-0841-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/30702907">30702907</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=San+Francisco+Almanac%3A+Everything+you+want+to+know+about+the+city&rft.pub=Chronicle+Books&rft.date=1995&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F30702907&rft.isbn=978-0-8118-0841-5&rft.aulast=Hansen&rft.aufirst=Gladys&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsanfranciscoalma00hans_0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Francisco" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLondon1906" class="citation journal cs1">London, Jack (May 5, 1906). "The Story of an Eyewitness by Jack London". Collier's, the National Weekly.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Collier%27s%2C+the+National+Weekly&rft.atitle=The+Story+of+an+Eyewitness+by+Jack+London&rft.date=1906-05-05&rft.aulast=London&rft.aufirst=Jack&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Francisco" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRichards1991" class="citation book cs1">Richards, Rand (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historicsanfranc00rich">Historic San Francisco: A Concise History and Guide</a>. Heritage House. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-879367-00-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-879367-00-5"><bdi>978-1-879367-00-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/214330849">214330849</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historic+San+Francisco%3A+A+Concise+History+and+Guide&rft.pub=Heritage+House&rft.date=1991&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F214330849&rft.isbn=978-1-879367-00-5&rft.aulast=Richards&rft.aufirst=Rand&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhistoricsanfranc00rich&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Francisco" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUngaretti2005" class="citation book cs1">Ungaretti, Lorri (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sanfranciscosric0000unga">San Francisco's Richmond District</a>. Arcadia Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7385-3053-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7385-3053-6"><bdi>978-0-7385-3053-6</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/62249656">62249656</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=San+Francisco%27s+Richmond+District&rft.pub=Arcadia+Publishing&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F62249656&rft.isbn=978-0-7385-3053-6&rft.aulast=Ungaretti&rft.aufirst=Lorri&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsanfranciscosric0000unga&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Francisco" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="taylor1895" class="citation book cs1">Taylor, William (1895). Ridpath, John (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/williamtaylor00tayluoft">Story of my life</a>. Toronto: W. Briggs.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Story+of+my+life&rft.place=Toronto&rft.pub=W.+Briggs&rft.date=1895&rft.aulast=Taylor&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwilliamtaylor00tayluoft&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Francisco" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWiley,_Peter_Booth2000" class="citation book cs1">Wiley, Peter Booth (2000). National trust guide San Francisco: America's guide for architecture and history travelers. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-471-19120-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-471-19120-9"><bdi>978-0-471-19120-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/44313415">44313415</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=National+trust+guide+San+Francisco%3A+America%27s+guide+for+architecture+and+history+travelers&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons%2C+Inc&rft.date=2000&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F44313415&rft.isbn=978-0-471-19120-9&rft.au=Wiley%2C+Peter+Booth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Francisco" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAsbury,_Hubert1989" class="citation book cs1">Asbury, Hubert (1989). The Barbary Coast: An Informal History of the San Francisco Underworld. Dorset Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-88029-428-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-88029-428-7"><bdi>978-0-88029-428-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/22719465">22719465</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Barbary+Coast%3A+An+Informal+History+of+the+San+Francisco+Underworld&rft.pub=Dorset+Press&rft.date=1989&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F22719465&rft.isbn=978-0-88029-428-7&rft.au=Asbury%2C+Hubert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Francisco" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBronson,_William2006" class="citation book cs1">Bronson, William (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/earthshookskybur0000bron">The Earth Shook, the Sky Burned</a>. Chronicle Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8118-5047-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8118-5047-6"><bdi>978-0-8118-5047-6</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/65223734">65223734</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Earth+Shook%2C+the+Sky+Burned&rft.pub=Chronicle+Books&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F65223734&rft.isbn=978-0-8118-5047-6&rft.au=Bronson%2C+William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fearthshookskybur0000bron&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Francisco" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCassady,_Stephen1987" class="citation book cs1">Cassady, Stephen (1987). Spanning the Gate. Square Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-916290-36-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-916290-36-8"><bdi>978-0-916290-36-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/15229396">15229396</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Spanning+the+Gate&rft.pub=Square+Books&rft.date=1987&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F15229396&rft.isbn=978-0-916290-36-8&rft.au=Cassady%2C+Stephen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Francisco" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDillon,_Richard_H.1998" class="citation book cs1">Dillon, Richard H. (1998). High Steel: Building the Bridges Across San Francisco Bay. Celestial Arts (Reissue edition). <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-88029-428-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-88029-428-7"><bdi>978-0-88029-428-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/22719465">22719465</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=High+Steel%3A+Building+the+Bridges+Across+San+Francisco+Bay&rft.pub=Celestial+Arts+%28Reissue+edition%29&rft.date=1998&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F22719465&rft.isbn=978-0-88029-428-7&rft.au=Dillon%2C+Richard+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Francisco" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEldredge1912" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Zoeth_Skinner_Eldredge" title="Zoeth Skinner Eldredge">Eldredge, Zoeth Skinner</a> (1912). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.library.sfgenealogy.org/books/san_francisco_county/The_Beginnings_of_San_Francisco_1912%20(ACPL).pdf">The Beginnings of San Francisco: from the Expedition of Anza, 1774, to the City Charter of April 15, 1850</a> (PDF). New York: John C. Rankin Company.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Beginnings+of+San+Francisco%3A+from+the+Expedition+of+Anza%2C+1774%2C+to+the+City+Charter+of+April+15%2C+1850&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=John+C.+Rankin+Company&rft.date=1912&rft.aulast=Eldredge&rft.aufirst=Zoeth+Skinner&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.library.sfgenealogy.org%2Fbooks%2Fsan_francisco_county%2FThe_Beginnings_of_San_Francisco_1912%2520%28ACPL%29.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Francisco" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFerlinghetti,_Lawrence1980" class="citation book cs1">Ferlinghetti, Lawrence (1980). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/literarysanfranc00ferl">Literary San Francisco: A pictorial history from its beginnings to the present day</a>. Harper & Row. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-06-250325-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-06-250325-1"><bdi>978-0-06-250325-1</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/6683688">6683688</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Literary+San+Francisco%3A+A+pictorial+history+from+its+beginnings+to+the+present+day&rft.pub=Harper+%26+Row&rft.date=1980&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F6683688&rft.isbn=978-0-06-250325-1&rft.au=Ferlinghetti%2C+Lawrence&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fliterarysanfranc00ferl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Francisco" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHartman,_Chester2002" class="citation book cs1">Hartman, Chester (2002). City for Sale: The Transformation of San Francisco. University of California Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-520-08605-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-520-08605-0"><bdi>978-0-520-08605-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/48579085">48579085</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=City+for+Sale%3A+The+Transformation+of+San+Francisco&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=2002&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F48579085&rft.isbn=978-0-520-08605-0&rft.au=Hartman%2C+Chester&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Francisco" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Heller, Nathan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2013/10/14/bay-watched">Bay Watched – How San Francisco's New Entrepreneurial Culture is Changing the Country (article)</a> (October 2013). <a href="/wiki/The_New_Yorker" title="The New Yorker">The New Yorker</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHolliday,_J._S.1999" class="citation book cs1">Holliday, J. S. (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/rushforrichesgol00holl">Rush for Riches: Gold Fever and the Making of California</a>. University of California Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-520-21402-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-520-21402-6"><bdi>978-0-520-21402-6</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/37545551">37545551</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Rush+for+Riches%3A+Gold+Fever+and+the+Making+of+California&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=1999&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F37545551&rft.isbn=978-0-520-21402-6&rft.au=Holliday%2C+J.+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Frushforrichesgol00holl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Francisco" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLotchin,_Roger_W.1997" class="citation book cs1">Lotchin, Roger W. (1997). San Francisco, 1846–1856: From Hamlet to City. University of Illinois Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-252-06631-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-252-06631-3"><bdi>978-0-252-06631-3</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/35650934">35650934</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=San+Francisco%2C+1846%E2%80%931856%3A+From+Hamlet+to+City&rft.pub=University+of+Illinois+Press&rft.date=1997&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F35650934&rft.isbn=978-0-252-06631-3&rft.au=Lotchin%2C+Roger+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Francisco" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMargolin,_Malcolm1981" class="citation book cs1">Margolin, Malcolm (1981). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/ohlonewayindianl00marg_0">The Ohlone Way: Indian Life in the San Francisco-Monterey Bay Area</a>. Heydey Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-930588-01-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-930588-01-4"><bdi>978-0-930588-01-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/4628382">4628382</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Ohlone+Way%3A+Indian+Life+in+the+San+Francisco-Monterey+Bay+Area&rft.pub=Heydey+Books&rft.date=1981&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F4628382&rft.isbn=978-0-930588-01-4&rft.au=Margolin%2C+Malcolm&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fohlonewayindianl00marg_0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Francisco" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaupin,_Armistead1978" class="citation book cs1">Maupin, Armistead (1978). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/talesofcity000maup">Tales of the City</a>. Harper Collins. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-06-096404-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-06-096404-7"><bdi>978-0-06-096404-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/29847673">29847673</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tales+of+the+City&rft.pub=Harper+Collins&rft.date=1978&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F29847673&rft.isbn=978-0-06-096404-7&rft.au=Maupin%2C+Armistead&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ftalesofcity000maup&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Francisco" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Solnit, Rebecca. Infinite City: A San Francisco Atlas (University of California Press, 2010). 144 pp. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-520-26250-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-520-26250-8">978-0-520-26250-8</a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.h-net.org/reviews/showrev.php?id=34658">online review</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThomas,_GordonWitts,_Max_Morgan1971" class="citation book cs1">Thomas, Gordon & Witts, Max Morgan (1971). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sanfranciscoeart00thom">The San Francisco Earthquake</a>. Stein and Day. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8128-1360-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8128-1360-9"><bdi>978-0-8128-1360-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/154735">154735</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+San+Francisco+Earthquake&rft.pub=Stein+and+Day&rft.date=1971&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F154735&rft.isbn=978-0-8128-1360-9&rft.au=Thomas%2C+Gordon&rft.au=Witts%2C+Max+Morgan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsanfranciscoeart00thom&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Francisco" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWatkins1870" class="citation magazine cs1">Watkins, James F. (January 1870). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cprr.org/Museum/SF_Overland_Monthly_1870.html">"San Francisco"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Overland_Monthly" title="Overland Monthly">The Overland Monthly</a>. Vol. 4, no. 1. San Francisco: A. Roman & Co. pp. 9–23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Overland+Monthly&rft.atitle=San+Francisco&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=9-23&rft.date=1870-01&rft.aulast=Watkins&rft.aufirst=James+F.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcprr.org%2FMuseum%2FSF_Overland_Monthly_1870.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASan+Francisco" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Winfield, P.H., The Charter of San Francisco (The fortnightly review Vol. 157–58:2 (1945), p. 69–75)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Francisco&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sf.gov/">Official website</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" 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of San Francisco">History</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_San_Francisco" title="Timeline of San Francisco">Timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_San_Francisco" title="Culture of San Francisco">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Landmarks_and_Historic_Places_in_San_Francisco" title="List of Landmarks and Historic Places in San Francisco">Landmarks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_in_the_San_Francisco_Bay_Area" title="Media in the San Francisco Bay Area">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_in_San_Francisco_Bay_Area,_California#San_Francisco" class="mw-redirect" title="List of museums in San Francisco Bay Area, California">Museums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neighborhoods_in_San_Francisco" class="mw-redirect" title="Neighborhoods in San Francisco">Neighborhoods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_associated_with_San_Francisco" class="mw-redirect" title="List of people associated with San Francisco">Notable people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_in_San_Francisco" title="List of tallest buildings in San Francisco">Skyscrapers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_theatres_in_San_Francisco" title="List of theatres in San Francisco">Theatres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colleges_and_universities_in_San_Francisco" title="List of colleges and universities in San Francisco">Universities</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_San_Francisco" title="Government of San Francisco">Government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_City_Hall" title="San Francisco City Hall">City Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_San_Francisco" title="Mayor of San Francisco">Mayor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Board_of_Supervisors" title="San Francisco Board of Supervisors">Board of Supervisors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_County_Superior_Court" title="San Francisco County Superior Court">Superior Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_San_Francisco" class="mw-redirect" title="List of diplomatic missions in San Francisco">San Francisco consulates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sister_cities_of_San_Francisco,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Sister cities of San Francisco, California">Sister cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Arts_Commission" title="San Francisco Arts Commission">Arts Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Board_of_Education" title="San Francisco Board of Education">Board of Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_Attorney_of_San_Francisco" title="City Attorney of San Francisco">City Attorney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_District_Attorney%27s_Office" title="San Francisco District Attorney's Office">District Attorney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Ethics_Commission" title="San Francisco Ethics Commission">Ethics Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Fire_Department" title="San Francisco Fire Department">Fire Department</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Human_Rights_Commission" title="San Francisco Human Rights Commission">Human Rights Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_International_Airport" title="San Francisco International Airport">San Francisco International Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Municipal_Transportation_Agency" title="San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency">Municipal Transportation Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Police_Commission" title="San Francisco Police Commission">Police Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Police_Department" title="San Francisco Police Department">Police Department</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_of_San_Francisco" title="Port of San Francisco">Port of San Francisco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Public_Library" title="San Francisco Public Library">Public Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Public_Utilities_Commission" title="San Francisco Public Utilities Commission">Public Utilities Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Department_of_Public_Works" title="San Francisco Department of Public Works">Public Works</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Recreation_%26_Parks_Department" title="San Francisco Recreation & Parks Department">Recreation & Parks Department</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Sheriff%27s_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="San Francisco Sheriff's Department">Sheriff's Department</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_County_Transportation_Authority" title="San Francisco County Transportation Authority">Transportation Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Unified_School_District" title="San Francisco Unified School District">San Francisco Unified School District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Youth_Commission" title="San Francisco Youth Commission">Youth Commission</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_the_San_Francisco_Bay_Area" title="Transportation in the San Francisco Bay Area">Transit</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AC_Transit" title="AC Transit">AC Transit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amtrak_California" title="Amtrak California">Amtrak California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_Area_Rapid_Transit" title="Bay Area Rapid Transit">BART</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caltrain" title="Caltrain">Caltrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clipper_card" title="Clipper card">Clipper card</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Gate_Ferry" title="Golden Gate Ferry">Golden Gate Ferry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Gate_Transit" title="Golden Gate Transit">Golden Gate Transit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SamTrans" title="SamTrans">SamTrans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Bay_Ferry" title="San Francisco Bay Ferry">San Francisco Bay Ferry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Municipal_Railway" title="San Francisco Municipal Railway">San Francisco Municipal Railway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SolTrans" title="SolTrans">SolTrans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WestCAT" title="WestCAT">WestCAT</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_parks_in_San_Francisco" title="List of parks in San Francisco">Parks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alamo_Square,_San_Francisco" title="Alamo Square, San Francisco">Alamo Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balboa_Park,_San_Francisco" title="Balboa Park, San Francisco">Balboa Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buena_Vista_Park" title="Buena Vista Park">Buena Vista Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candlestick_Point_State_Recreation_Area" title="Candlestick Point State Recreation Area">Candlestick Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corona_Heights_Park" title="Corona Heights Park">Corona Heights Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolores_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Dolores Park">Dolores Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glen_Canyon_Park" title="Glen Canyon Park">Glen Canyon Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Gate_National_Recreation_Area" title="Golden Gate National Recreation Area">Golden Gate National Recreation Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Gate_Park" title="Golden Gate Park">Golden Gate Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_View_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Grand View Park">Grand View Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lafayette_Park_(San_Francisco)" title="Lafayette Park (San Francisco)">Lafayette Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Merced" title="Lake Merced">Lake Merced</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Park,_San_Francisco" class="mw-redirect" title="Lincoln Park, San Francisco">Lincoln Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_McLaren_Park" title="John McLaren Park">McLaren Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_Lake_Park" title="Mountain Lake Park">Mountain Lake Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panhandle_(San_Francisco)" title="Panhandle (San Francisco)">Panhandle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pine_Lake_Park_(San_Francisco)" title="Pine Lake Park (San Francisco)">Pine Lake Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pioneer_Park_(San_Francisco)" title="Pioneer Park (San Francisco)">Pioneer Park</a>/<a href="/wiki/Coit_Tower" title="Coit Tower">Coit Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidio_of_San_Francisco" title="Presidio of San Francisco">The Presidio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Maritime_National_Historical_Park" title="San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park">San Francisco Maritime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigmund_Stern_Recreation_Grove" title="Sigmund Stern Recreation Grove">Stern Grove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Park,_San_Francisco" title="South Park, San Francisco">South Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sutro_Heights_Park" title="Sutro Heights Park">Sutro Heights Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Square_(San_Francisco)" title="Washington Square (San Francisco)">Washington Square Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yerba_Buena_Gardens" title="Yerba Buena Gardens">Yerba Buena Gardens</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;width:1%">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Gate_Bridge" title="Golden Gate Bridge">Golden Gate Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fisherman%27s_Wharf,_San_Francisco" title="Fisherman's Wharf, San Francisco">Fisherman's Wharf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcatraz_Island" title="Alcatraz Island">Alcatraz Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_cable_car_system" title="San Francisco cable car system">Cable Cars</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background: #FCC200"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_San_Francisco_topics" title="Lists of San Francisco topics">Topics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:San_Francisco" title="Category:San Francisco">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:San_Francisco_Bay_Area" title="Portal:San Francisco Bay Area">Portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Articles_relating_to_the_City_and_County_of_San_Francisco" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" 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rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:San_Francisco_attractions" title="Template:San Francisco attractions"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:San_Francisco_attractions" title="Template talk:San Francisco attractions"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:San_Francisco_attractions" title="Special:EditPage/Template:San Francisco attractions"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="San_Francisco_attractions" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">San Francisco</a> attractions</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Designated_Landmark" class="mw-redirect" title="San Francisco Designated Landmark">Landmarks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/16th_Avenue_Tiled_Steps" title="16th Avenue Tiled Steps">16th Avenue Tiled Steps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/49-Mile_Scenic_Drive" title="49-Mile Scenic Drive">49-Mile Drive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcatraz_Island" title="Alcatraz Island">Alcatraz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco%E2%80%93Oakland_Bay_Bridge" title="San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge">Bay Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_cable_car_system" title="San Francisco cable car system">Cable cars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castro_District,_San_Francisco" title="Castro District, San Francisco">The Castro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_San_Francisco" title="Chinatown, San Francisco">Chinatown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_City_Hall" title="San Francisco City Hall">City Hall</a> and <a href="/wiki/Civic_Center,_San_Francisco" title="Civic Center, San Francisco">Civic Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cliff_House,_San_Francisco" title="Cliff House, San Francisco">Cliff House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coit_Tower" title="Coit Tower">Coit Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F_Market_%26_Wharves" title="F Market & Wharves">F-Market Streetcar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairmont_San_Francisco" title="Fairmont San Francisco">Fairmont Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Reserve_Bank_of_San_Francisco" title="Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco">Federal Reserve Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Ferry_Building" title="San Francisco Ferry Building">Ferry Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fisherman%27s_Wharf,_San_Francisco" title="Fisherman's Wharf, San Francisco">Fisherman's Wharf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Mason" title="Fort Mason">Fort Mason</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Point_National_Historic_Site" title="Fort Point National Historic Site">Fort Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghirardelli_Square" title="Ghirardelli Square">Ghirardelli Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Gate_Bridge" title="Golden Gate Bridge">Golden Gate Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grace_Cathedral,_San_Francisco" title="Grace Cathedral, San Francisco">Grace Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haight-Ashbury" title="Haight-Ashbury">Haight-Ashbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Kerouac_Alley" title="Jack Kerouac Alley">Jack Kerouac Alley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lombard_Street_(San_Francisco)" title="Lombard Street (San Francisco)">Lombard Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magowan%27s_Infinite_Mirror_Maze" title="Magowan's Infinite Mirror Maze">Magowan's Infinite Mirror Maze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Main_Library_(San_Francisco)" title="Main Library (San Francisco)">Main Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Hopkins_Hotel" title="Mark Hopkins Hotel">Mark Hopkins Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Market_Street_(San_Francisco)" title="Market Street (San Francisco)">Market Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mission_San_Francisco_de_As%C3%ADs" title="Mission San Francisco de Asís">Mission Dolores</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nob_Hill,_San_Francisco" title="Nob Hill, San Francisco">Nob Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Beach,_San_Francisco" title="North Beach, San Francisco">North Beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_San_Francisco_Mint" title="Old San Francisco Mint">Old U.S. Mint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Painted_ladies" title="Painted ladies">Painted ladies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Fine_Arts" title="Palace of Fine Arts">Palace of Fine Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Peace_Pagoda" title="San Francisco Peace Pagoda">Peace Pagoda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pier_39" title="Pier 39">Pier 39</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sutro_Baths" title="Sutro Baths">Sutro Baths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sutro_Tower" title="Sutro Tower">Sutro Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transamerica_Pyramid" title="Transamerica Pyramid">Transamerica Pyramid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treasure_Island,_San_Francisco" title="Treasure Island, San Francisco">Treasure Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_Square,_San_Francisco" title="Union Square, San Francisco">Union Square</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;;width:1%">Museums and art</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asian_Art_Museum_(San_Francisco)" title="Asian Art Museum (San Francisco)">Asian Art Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aquarium_of_the_Bay" title="Aquarium of the Bay">Aquarium of the Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Cable_Car_Museum" title="San Francisco Cable Car Museum">Cable Car Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Academy_of_Sciences" title="California Academy of Sciences">California Academy of Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Historical_Society" title="California Historical Society">California Historical Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cartoon_Art_Museum" title="Cartoon Art Museum">Cartoon Art Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Children%27s_Creativity_Museum" title="Children's Creativity Museum">Children's Creativity Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Historical_Society_of_America" title="Chinese Historical Society of America">Chinese Historical Society Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservatory_of_Flowers" title="Conservatory of Flowers">Conservatory of Flowers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_Jewish_Museum" title="Contemporary Jewish Museum">Contemporary Jewish Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walt_Disney_Family_Museum" title="Walt Disney Family Museum">Walt Disney Family Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Young_Museum" title="De Young Museum">de Young Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exploratorium" title="Exploratorium">Exploratorium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haas%E2%80%93Lilienthal_House" title="Haas–Lilienthal House">Haas–Lilienthal House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legion_of_Honor_(museum)" title="Legion of Honor (museum)">Legion of Honor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexican_Museum_(San_Francisco)" title="Mexican Museum (San Francisco)">Mexican Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_M%C3%A9canique" title="Musée Mécanique">Musée Mécanique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museo_ItaloAmericano" title="Museo ItaloAmericano">Museo ItaloAmericano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Performance_%26_Design" title="Museum of Performance & Design">Museum of Performance & Design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_the_African_Diaspora" title="Museum of the African Diaspora">Museum of the African Diaspora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Precita_Eyes" title="Precita Eyes">Precita Eyes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randall_Museum" title="Randall Museum">Randall Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ripley%27s_Believe_It_or_Not!#California" title="Ripley's Believe It or Not!">Ripley's Believe It or Not!</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Art_Institute" title="San Francisco Art Institute">San Francisco Art Institute</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diego_Rivera_Gallery" title="Diego Rivera Gallery">Diego Rivera Gallery</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Museum_of_Modern_Art" title="San Francisco Museum of Modern Art">San Francisco Museum of Modern Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Maritime_National_Historical_Park" title="San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park">San Francisco Maritime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Railway_Museum" title="San Francisco Railway Museum">Railway Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Pampanito" title="USS Pampanito">USS Pampanito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wattis_Institute_for_Contemporary_Arts" title="Wattis Institute for Contemporary Arts">Wattis Institute for Contemporary Arts</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;;width:1%">Parks and recreation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alamo_Square,_San_Francisco" title="Alamo Square, San Francisco">Alamo Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alta_Plaza_Park" title="Alta Plaza Park">Alta Plaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_Area_Ridge_Trail" title="Bay Area Ridge Trail">Bay Area Ridge Trail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayview_Park,_San_Francisco" title="Bayview Park, San Francisco">Bayview Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buena_Vista_Park" title="Buena Vista Park">Buena Vista Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candlestick_Point_State_Recreation_Area" title="Candlestick Point State Recreation Area">Candlestick Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civic_Center_Plaza" title="Civic Center Plaza">Civic Center Plaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corona_Heights_Park" title="Corona Heights Park">Corona Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crissy_Field" title="Crissy Field">Crissy Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mission_Dolores_Park" title="Mission Dolores Park">Mission Dolores Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glen_Canyon_Park" title="Glen Canyon Park">Glen Canyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Gate_National_Recreation_Area" title="Golden Gate National Recreation Area">Golden Gate National Recreation Area</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mori_Point" title="Mori Point">Mori Point</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Gate_Park" title="Golden Gate Park">Golden Gate Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huntington_Park_(San_Francisco)" title="Huntington Park (San Francisco)">Huntington Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lafayette_Park_(San_Francisco)" title="Lafayette Park (San Francisco)">Lafayette Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Merced" title="Lake Merced">Lake Merced</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marina_Green" title="Marina Green">Marina Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_McLaren_Park" title="John McLaren Park">McLaren Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Davidson_(California)" title="Mount Davidson (California)">Mount Davidson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Sutro" title="Mount Sutro">Mount Sutro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ocean_Beach,_San_Francisco" title="Ocean Beach, San Francisco">Ocean Beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Precita_Park" title="Precita Park">Precita Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidio_of_San_Francisco" title="Presidio of San Francisco">The Presidio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Bay_Trail" title="San Francisco Bay Trail">San Francisco Bay Trail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Zoo" title="San Francisco Zoo">San Francisco Zoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharp_Park_Golf_Course" title="Sharp Park Golf Course">Sharp Park Golf Course</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigmund_Stern_Recreation_Grove" title="Sigmund Stern Recreation Grove">Stern Grove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twin_Peaks_(San_Francisco)" title="Twin Peaks (San Francisco)">Twin Peaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Square_(San_Francisco)" title="Washington Square (San Francisco)">Washington Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yerba_Buena_Gardens" title="Yerba Buena Gardens">Yerba Buena Gardens</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;;width:1%">Views</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coit_Tower" title="Coit Tower">Coit Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twin_Peaks_(San_Francisco)" title="Twin Peaks (San Francisco)">Twin Peaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seal_Rocks_(San_Francisco,_California)" title="Seal Rocks (San Francisco, California)">Seal Rocks</a>/<a href="/wiki/Ocean_Beach,_San_Francisco" title="Ocean Beach, San Francisco">Ocean Beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baker_Beach" title="Baker Beach">Baker Beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Gate_Bridge" title="Golden Gate Bridge">Golden Gate Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Funston" title="Fort Funston">Fort Funston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Young_Museum" title="De Young Museum">Hamon Observation Tower at the de Young Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strawberry_Hill_(San_Francisco)" title="Strawberry Hill (San Francisco)">Strawberry Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crissy_Field" title="Crissy Field">Crissy Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Heights,_San_Francisco" title="Pacific Heights, San Francisco">Pacific Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alamo_Square,_San_Francisco" title="Alamo Square, San Francisco">Alamo Square</a>/<a href="/wiki/Painted_ladies" title="Painted ladies">Painted ladies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Top_of_the_Mark" title="Top of the Mark">Top of the Mark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcatraz_Island" title="Alcatraz Island">Alcatraz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treasure_Island,_San_Francisco" title="Treasure Island, San Francisco">Treasure Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lombard_Street_(San_Francisco)" title="Lombard Street (San Francisco)">Lombard Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_cable_car_system" title="San Francisco cable car system">Powell-Hyde Cable Car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Ferry_Building" title="San Francisco Ferry Building">Ferry Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernal_Heights_Summit" title="Bernal Heights Summit">Bernal Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/49-Mile_Scenic_Drive" title="49-Mile Scenic Drive">49-Mile Scenic Drive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawk_Hill_(California)" title="Hawk Hill (California)">Hawk Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Baker" title="Fort Baker">Fort Baker</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;;width:1%">Entertainment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Conservatory_Theater" title="American Conservatory Theater">American Conservatory Theater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Graham_Civic_Auditorium" title="Bill Graham Civic Auditorium">Bill Graham Civic Auditorium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cow_Palace" title="Cow Palace">Cow Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Fillmore" title="The Fillmore">The Fillmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_War_Memorial_and_Performing_Arts_Center" title="San Francisco War Memorial and Performing Arts Center">War Memorial and Performing Arts Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yerba_Buena_Center_for_the_Arts" title="Yerba Buena Center for the Arts">Yerba Buena Center for the Arts</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;;width:1%">Sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Giants" title="San Francisco Giants">San Francisco Giants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_State_Warriors" title="Golden State Warriors">Golden State Warriors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oracle_Park" title="Oracle Park">Oracle Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chase_Center" title="Chase Center">Chase Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kezar_Stadium" title="Kezar Stadium">Kezar Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Dons" title="San Francisco Dons">San Francisco Dons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;;width:1%">Food and drink</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anchor_Brewing_Company" title="Anchor Brewing Company">Anchor Steam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boudin_Bakery" title="Boudin Bakery">Boudin Bakery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buena_Vista_Cafe" title="Buena Vista Cafe">Buena Vista Cafe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cioppino" title="Cioppino">Cioppino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dungeness_crab" title="Dungeness crab">Dungeness crab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghirardelli_Chocolate_Company" title="Ghirardelli Chocolate Company">Ghirardelli Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mission_burrito" title="Mission burrito">Mission burrito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tadich_Grill" title="Tadich Grill">Tadich Grill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonga_Room" title="Tonga Room">Tonga Room & Hurricane Bar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Top_of_the_Mark" title="Top of the Mark">Top of the Mark</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;;width:1%">Shopping</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Emporium_Centre_San_Francisco" title="Emporium Centre San Francisco">Emporium Centre San Francisco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan_Center_(San_Francisco)" title="Japan Center (San Francisco)">Japan Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metreon" title="Metreon">Metreon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stonestown_Galleria" title="Stonestown Galleria">Stonestown Galleria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_Square,_San_Francisco" title="Union Square, San Francisco">Union Square</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;;width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bay_to_Breakers" title="Bay to Breakers">Bay to Breakers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnaval_San_Francisco" title="Carnaval San Francisco">Carnaval San Francisco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Chinese_New_Year_Festival_and_Parade" title="San Francisco Chinese New Year Festival and Parade">Chinese New Year Festival and Parade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moscone_Center" title="Moscone Center">Moscone Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outside_Lands_(festival)" title="Outside Lands (festival)">Outside Lands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Pride" title="San Francisco Pride">San Francisco Pride</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background: #FCC200;"><div><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_San_Francisco" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in San Francisco">National Register of Historic Places listings in San Francisco</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Streets_in_San_Francisco" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background: #FCC200"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Streets_in_San_Francisco" title="Template:Streets in San Francisco"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Streets_in_San_Francisco" title="Template talk:Streets in San Francisco"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Streets_in_San_Francisco" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Streets in San Francisco"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Streets_in_San_Francisco" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_streets_in_San_Francisco" title="List of streets in San Francisco">Streets in San Francisco</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;width:1%">Numbered streets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Third_Street_(San_Francisco)" title="Third Street (San Francisco)">Third Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/19th_Avenue_(San_Francisco)" title="19th Avenue (San Francisco)">19th Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/22nd_Street_(San_Francisco)" title="22nd Street (San Francisco)">22nd Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/49-Mile_Scenic_Drive" title="49-Mile Scenic Drive">49-Mile Scenic Drive</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Market_Street.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Market_Street.jpg/150px-Market_Street.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Market_Street.jpg/225px-Market_Street.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Market_Street.jpg/300px-Market_Street.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;width:1%">North–south streets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Castro_District,_San_Francisco" title="Castro District, San Francisco">Castro Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divisadero_Street" title="Divisadero Street">Divisadero Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fillmore_Street" title="Fillmore Street">Fillmore Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folsom_Street" title="Folsom Street">Folsom Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grant_Avenue" title="Grant Avenue">Grant Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Highway" title="Great Highway">Great Highway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyde_Street" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyde Street">Hyde Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junipero_Serra_Boulevard" title="Junipero Serra Boulevard">Junipero Serra Boulevard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kearny_Street" title="Kearny Street">Kearny Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mission_Street" title="Mission Street">Mission Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montgomery_Street" title="Montgomery Street">Montgomery Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Octavia_Boulevard" title="Octavia Boulevard">Octavia Boulevard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Presidio_Boulevard" title="Park Presidio Boulevard">Park Presidio Boulevard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polk_Street" title="Polk Street">Polk Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Powell_Street" title="Powell Street">Powell Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_State_Route_35" title="California State Route 35">Skyline Boulevard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rescue_Row" title="Rescue Row">Rescue Row</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stockton_Street_(San_Francisco)" title="Stockton Street (San Francisco)">Stockton Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanyan_Street" title="Stanyan Street">Stanyan Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valencia_Street" title="Valencia Street">Valencia Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Van_Ness_Avenue" title="Van Ness Avenue">Van Ness Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vermont_Street_(San_Francisco)" title="Vermont Street (San Francisco)">Vermont Street</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;width:1%">East–west streets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Broadway_(San_Francisco)" title="Broadway (San Francisco)">Broadway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Street_(San_Francisco)" title="California Street (San Francisco)">California Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cesar_Chavez_Street" title="Cesar Chavez Street">Cesar Chavez Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commercial_Street_(San_Francisco)" title="Commercial Street (San Francisco)">Commercial Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filbert_Street_(San_Francisco)" title="Filbert Street (San Francisco)">Filbert Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fulton_Street_(San_Francisco)" title="Fulton Street (San Francisco)">Fulton Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geary_Boulevard" title="Geary Boulevard">Geary Boulevard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haight_Street" title="Haight Street">Haight Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackson_Street_(San_Francisco)" title="Jackson Street (San Francisco)">Jackson Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Way_(San_Francisco)" title="Lincoln Way (San Francisco)">Lincoln Way</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lombard_Street_(San_Francisco)" title="Lombard Street (San Francisco)">Lombard Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_Street_(San_Francisco)" title="Union Street (San Francisco)">Union Street</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;width:1%">Diagonal streets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alemany_Boulevard" title="Alemany Boulevard">Alemany Boulevard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embarcadero_(San_Francisco)" title="Embarcadero (San Francisco)">The Embarcadero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Street_(San_Francisco)" title="Howard Street (San Francisco)">Howard Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Market_Street_(San_Francisco)" title="Market Street (San Francisco)">Market Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbus_Avenue_(San_Francisco)" title="Columbus Avenue (San Francisco)">Columbus Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Montgomery_Street" title="New Montgomery Street">New Montgomery Street</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;width:1%">Alleyways</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balmy_Alley" title="Balmy Alley">Balmy Alley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belden_Place" title="Belden Place">Belden Place</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarion_Alley" title="Clarion Alley">Clarion Alley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Kerouac_Alley" title="Jack Kerouac Alley">Jack Kerouac Alley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macondray_Lane" title="Macondray Lane">Macondray Lane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maiden_Lane_(San_Francisco)" title="Maiden Lane (San Francisco)">Maiden Lane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ross_Alley" title="Ross Alley">Ross Alley</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background: #FCC200"><div><a href="/wiki/Etymologies_of_place_names_in_San_Francisco" class="mw-redirect" title="Etymologies of place names in San Francisco">San Francisco place names etymologies</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Neighborhoods_in_San_Francisco" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:#ffc94b;;background:#ffc94b;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Neighborhoods_of_San_Francisco" title="Template:Neighborhoods of San Francisco"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Neighborhoods_of_San_Francisco" title="Template talk:Neighborhoods of San Francisco"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Neighborhoods_of_San_Francisco" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Neighborhoods of San Francisco"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Neighborhoods_in_San_Francisco" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_neighborhoods_in_San_Francisco" title="List of neighborhoods in San Francisco">Neighborhoods in San Francisco</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#ffc94b;;width:1%">Downtown</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_San_Francisco" title="Chinatown, San Francisco">Chinatown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civic_Center,_San_Francisco" title="Civic Center, San Francisco">Civic Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Financial_District,_San_Francisco" title="Financial District, San Francisco">Financial District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belden_Place" title="Belden Place">French Quarter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mid-Market,_San_Francisco" title="Mid-Market, San Francisco">Mid-Market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mission_Bay,_San_Francisco" title="Mission Bay, San Francisco">Mission Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multimedia_Gulch" title="Multimedia Gulch">Multimedia Gulch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nob_Hill,_San_Francisco" title="Nob Hill, San Francisco">Nob Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Beach,_San_Francisco" title="North Beach, San Francisco">North Beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_of_Market,_San_Francisco" title="South of Market, San Francisco">South of Market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telegraph_Hill,_San_Francisco" title="Telegraph Hill, San Francisco">Telegraph Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenderloin,_San_Francisco" title="Tenderloin, San Francisco">Tenderloin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tendernob" class="mw-redirect" title="Tendernob">Tendernob</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_Square,_San_Francisco" title="Union Square, San Francisco">Union Square</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><img alt="Map of California highlighting San Francisco County" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/California_county_map_%28San_Francisco_County_enlarged%29.svg/100px-California_county_map_%28San_Francisco_County_enlarged%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="118" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/California_county_map_%28San_Francisco_County_enlarged%29.svg/150px-California_county_map_%28San_Francisco_County_enlarged%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/California_county_map_%28San_Francisco_County_enlarged%29.svg/200px-California_county_map_%28San_Francisco_County_enlarged%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="621" data-file-height="733" /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#ffc94b;;width:1%">North of Downtown</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cow_Hollow,_San_Francisco" class="mw-redirect" title="Cow Hollow, San Francisco">Cow Hollow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fisherman%27s_Wharf,_San_Francisco" title="Fisherman's Wharf, San Francisco">Fisherman's Wharf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marina_District,_San_Francisco" title="Marina District, San Francisco">Marina District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Heights,_San_Francisco" title="Pacific Heights, San Francisco">Pacific Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidio_of_San_Francisco" title="Presidio of San Francisco">Presidio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Hill,_San_Francisco" title="Russian Hill, San Francisco">Russian Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treasure_Island,_San_Francisco" title="Treasure Island, San Francisco">Treasure Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yerba_Buena_Island" title="Yerba Buena Island">Yerba Buena Island</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#ffc94b;;width:1%">Outside Lands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Forest_Hill,_San_Francisco" title="Forest Hill, San Francisco">Forest Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingleside,_San_Francisco" class="mw-redirect" title="Ingleside, San Francisco">Ingleside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingleside_Terraces,_San_Francisco" title="Ingleside Terraces, San Francisco">Ingleside Terraces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oceanview,_San_Francisco" title="Oceanview, San Francisco">Oceanview</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parkside,_San_Francisco" title="Parkside, San Francisco">Parkside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richmond_District,_San_Francisco" title="Richmond District, San Francisco">Richmond District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea_Cliff,_San_Francisco" title="Sea Cliff, San Francisco">Sea Cliff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Francis_Wood,_San_Francisco" title="St. Francis Wood, San Francisco">St. Francis Wood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunset_District,_San_Francisco" title="Sunset District, San Francisco">Sunset District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Portal,_San_Francisco" title="West Portal, San Francisco">West Portal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westwood_Highlands,_San_Francisco" title="Westwood Highlands, San Francisco">Westwood Highlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westwood_Park,_San_Francisco" title="Westwood Park, San Francisco">Westwood Park</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#ffc94b;;width:1%">Western Addition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alamo_Square,_San_Francisco" title="Alamo Square, San Francisco">Alamo Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anza_Vista,_San_Francisco" title="Anza Vista, San Francisco">Anza Vista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cathedral_Hill,_San_Francisco" title="Cathedral Hill, San Francisco">Cathedral Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cole_Valley,_San_Francisco" title="Cole Valley, San Francisco">Cole Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corona_Heights,_San_Francisco" title="Corona Heights, San Francisco">Corona Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duboce_Triangle,_San_Francisco" title="Duboce Triangle, San Francisco">Duboce Triangle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fillmore_District,_San_Francisco" title="Fillmore District, San Francisco">Fillmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haight-Ashbury" title="Haight-Ashbury">Haight-Ashbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hayes_Valley,_San_Francisco" title="Hayes Valley, San Francisco">Hayes Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japantown,_San_Francisco" title="Japantown, San Francisco">Japantown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurel_Heights,_San_Francisco" title="Laurel Heights, San Francisco">Laurel Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lower_Haight,_San_Francisco" title="Lower Haight, San Francisco">Lower Haight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Addition,_San_Francisco" title="Western Addition, San Francisco">Western Addition</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#ffc94b;;width:1%">Southern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bayview%E2%80%93Hunters_Point,_San_Francisco" title="Bayview–Hunters Point, San Francisco">Bayview–Hunters Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernal_Heights,_San_Francisco" title="Bernal Heights, San Francisco">Bernal Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castro_District,_San_Francisco" title="Castro District, San Francisco">Castro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crocker-Amazon,_San_Francisco" title="Crocker-Amazon, San Francisco">Crocker-Amazon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diamond_Heights,_San_Francisco" title="Diamond Heights, San Francisco">Diamond Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dogpatch,_San_Francisco" title="Dogpatch, San Francisco">Dogpatch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eureka_Valley,_San_Francisco" title="Eureka Valley, San Francisco">Eureka Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Excelsior_District,_San_Francisco" title="Excelsior District, San Francisco">Excelsior District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glen_Park,_San_Francisco" title="Glen Park, San Francisco">Glen Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India_Basin,_San_Francisco" title="India Basin, San Francisco">India Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mission_District,_San_Francisco" title="Mission District, San Francisco">Mission District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noe_Valley,_San_Francisco" title="Noe Valley, San Francisco">Noe Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outer_Mission,_San_Francisco" title="Outer Mission, San Francisco">Outer Mission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portola,_San_Francisco" class="mw-redirect" title="Portola, San Francisco">Portola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potrero_Hill" title="Potrero Hill">Potrero Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visitacion_Valley,_San_Francisco" title="Visitacion Valley, San Francisco">Visitacion Valley</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#ffc94b;;width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Cultural_Districts" title="San Francisco Cultural Districts">Cultural Districts</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background:#ffc94b;"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/SF_From_Marin_Highlands3.jpg/16px-SF_From_Marin_Highlands3.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/SF_From_Marin_Highlands3.jpg/24px-SF_From_Marin_Highlands3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/SF_From_Marin_Highlands3.jpg/32px-SF_From_Marin_Highlands3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2672" data-file-height="1885" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:San_Francisco_Bay_Area" title="Portal:San Francisco Bay Area">San Francisco Bay Area portal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neighborhoods_in_San_Francisco" class="mw-redirect" title="Neighborhoods in San Francisco">List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Neighborhoods_in_San_Francisco" title="Category:Neighborhoods in San Francisco">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="San_Francisco_Peninsula" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #FCC200"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:San_Francisco_Peninsula" title="Template:San Francisco Peninsula"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:San_Francisco_Peninsula" title="Template talk:San Francisco Peninsula"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:San_Francisco_Peninsula" title="Special:EditPage/Template:San Francisco Peninsula"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="San_Francisco_Peninsula" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Peninsula" title="San Francisco Peninsula">San Francisco Peninsula</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;width:1%">Counties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">San Francisco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Mateo_County,_California" title="San Mateo County, California">San Mateo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;width:1%">Major cities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">San Francisco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daly_City,_California" title="Daly City, California">Daly City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;width:1%">Cities and towns 25k-100k</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belmont,_California" title="Belmont, California">Belmont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burlingame,_California" title="Burlingame, California">Burlingame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Palo_Alto,_California" title="East Palo Alto, California">East Palo Alto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foster_City,_California" title="Foster City, California">Foster City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menlo_Park,_California" title="Menlo Park, California">Menlo Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacifica,_California" title="Pacifica, California">Pacifica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redwood_City,_California" title="Redwood City, California">Redwood City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Bruno,_California" title="San Bruno, California">San Bruno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Carlos,_California" title="San Carlos, California">San Carlos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Mateo,_California" title="San Mateo, California">San Mateo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_San_Francisco" class="mw-redirect" title="South San Francisco">South San Francisco</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;width:1%">Cities and towns 10k-25k</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Half_Moon_Bay,_California" title="Half Moon Bay, California">Half Moon Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillsborough,_California" title="Hillsborough, California">Hillsborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millbrae,_California" title="Millbrae, California">Millbrae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Fair_Oaks,_California" title="North Fair Oaks, California">North Fair Oaks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;width:1%">Cities and towns under 10k</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atherton,_California" title="Atherton, California">Atherton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brisbane,_California" title="Brisbane, California">Brisbane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broadmoor,_California" title="Broadmoor, California">Broadmoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colma,_California" title="Colma, California">Colma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Granada,_California" title="El Granada, California">El Granada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emerald_Lake_Hills,_California" title="Emerald Lake Hills, California">Emerald Lake Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highlands-Baywood_Park,_California" title="Highlands-Baywood Park, California">Highlands-Baywood Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ladera,_California" title="Ladera, California">Ladera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Honda,_California" title="La Honda, California">La Honda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loma_Mar,_California" title="Loma Mar, California">Loma Mar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montara,_California" title="Montara, California">Montara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moss_Beach,_California" title="Moss Beach, California">Moss Beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pescadero,_California" title="Pescadero, California">Pescadero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portola_Valley,_California" title="Portola Valley, California">Portola Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Menlo_Park,_California" title="West Menlo Park, California">West Menlo Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodside,_California" title="Woodside, California">Woodside</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="San_Francisco_Bay_Area" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background: #FCC200"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:SF_Bay_Area" title="Template:SF Bay Area"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:SF_Bay_Area" title="Template talk:SF Bay Area"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:SF_Bay_Area" title="Special:EditPage/Template:SF Bay Area"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="San_Francisco_Bay_Area" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Bay_Area" title="San Francisco Bay Area">San Francisco Bay Area</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;width:1%">Bodies of water</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bodega_Bay" title="Bodega Bay">Bodega Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carquinez_Strait" title="Carquinez Strait">Carquinez Strait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clifton_Court_Forebay" title="Clifton Court Forebay">Clifton Forebay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Gate" title="Golden Gate">Golden Gate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grizzly_Bay" title="Grizzly Bay">Grizzly Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guadalupe_River_(California)" title="Guadalupe River (California)">Guadalupe River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Half_Moon_Bay_(California)" title="Half Moon Bay (California)">Half Moon Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Berryessa" title="Lake Berryessa">Lake Berryessa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napa_River" title="Napa River">Napa River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oakland_Estuary" title="Oakland Estuary">Oakland Estuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petaluma_River" title="Petaluma River">Petaluma River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richardson_Bay" title="Richardson Bay">Richardson Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richmond_Inner_Harbor" title="Richmond Inner Harbor">Richmond Inner Harbor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_River_(California)" title="Russian River (California)">Russian River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacramento_River" title="Sacramento River">Sacramento River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Bay" title="San Francisco Bay">San Francisco Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Leandro_Bay" title="San Leandro Bay">San Leandro Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Pablo_Bay" title="San Pablo Bay">San Pablo Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonoma_Creek" title="Sonoma Creek">Sonoma Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suisun_Bay" title="Suisun Bay">Suisun Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomales_Bay" title="Tomales Bay">Tomales Bay</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:BayareaUSGS.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="San Francisco Bay Area"><img alt="San Francisco Bay Area" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/BayareaUSGS.jpg/100px-BayareaUSGS.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/BayareaUSGS.jpg/150px-BayareaUSGS.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/BayareaUSGS.jpg/200px-BayareaUSGS.jpg 2x" data-file-width="769" data-file-height="798" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;width:1%">Counties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alameda_County,_California" title="Alameda County, California">Alameda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contra_Costa_County,_California" title="Contra Costa County, California">Contra Costa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marin_County,_California" title="Marin County, California">Marin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napa_County,_California" title="Napa County, California">Napa</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">San Francisco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Mateo_County,_California" title="San Mateo County, California">San Mateo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Clara_County,_California" title="Santa Clara County, California">Santa Clara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solano_County,_California" title="Solano County, California">Solano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonoma_County,_California" title="Sonoma County, California">Sonoma</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;width:1%">Cities and towns</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#ffe16d;width:1%">Major cities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oakland,_California" title="Oakland, California">Oakland</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">San Francisco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Jose,_California" title="San Jose, California">San Jose</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#ffe16d;width:1%">100k–250k</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antioch,_California" title="Antioch, California">Antioch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berkeley,_California" title="Berkeley, California">Berkeley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concord,_California" title="Concord, California">Concord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daly_City,_California" title="Daly City, California">Daly City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairfield,_California" title="Fairfield, California">Fairfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fremont,_California" title="Fremont, California">Fremont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hayward,_California" title="Hayward, California">Hayward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richmond,_California" title="Richmond, California">Richmond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Mateo,_California" title="San Mateo, California">San Mateo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Clara,_California" title="Santa Clara, California">Santa Clara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Rosa,_California" title="Santa Rosa, California">Santa Rosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunnyvale,_California" title="Sunnyvale, California">Sunnyvale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vacaville,_California" title="Vacaville, California">Vacaville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vallejo,_California" title="Vallejo, California">Vallejo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#ffe16d;width:1%">50k–100k</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alameda,_California" title="Alameda, California">Alameda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brentwood,_California" title="Brentwood, California">Brentwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cupertino,_California" title="Cupertino, California">Cupertino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dublin,_California" title="Dublin, California">Dublin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilroy,_California" title="Gilroy, California">Gilroy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Livermore,_California" title="Livermore, California">Livermore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milpitas,_California" title="Milpitas, California">Milpitas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_View,_California" title="Mountain View, California">Mountain View</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napa,_California" title="Napa, California">Napa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novato,_California" title="Novato, California">Novato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palo_Alto,_California" title="Palo Alto, California">Palo Alto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petaluma,_California" title="Petaluma, California">Petaluma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pittsburg,_California" title="Pittsburg, California">Pittsburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pleasanton,_California" title="Pleasanton, California">Pleasanton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redwood_City,_California" title="Redwood City, California">Redwood City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Leandro,_California" title="San Leandro, California">San Leandro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Rafael,_California" title="San Rafael, California">San Rafael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Ramon,_California" title="San Ramon, California">San Ramon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_San_Francisco,_California" title="South San Francisco, California">South San Francisco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_City,_California" title="Union City, California">Union City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walnut_Creek,_California" title="Walnut Creek, California">Walnut Creek</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#ffe16d;width:1%">25k–50k</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belmont,_California" title="Belmont, California">Belmont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benicia,_California" title="Benicia, California">Benicia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burlingame,_California" title="Burlingame, California">Burlingame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campbell,_California" title="Campbell, California">Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danville,_California" title="Danville, California">Danville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Palo_Alto,_California" title="East Palo Alto, California">East Palo Alto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Cerrito,_California" title="El Cerrito, California">El Cerrito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foster_City,_California" title="Foster City, California">Foster City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hercules,_California" title="Hercules, California">Hercules</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lafayette,_California" title="Lafayette, California">Lafayette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Los_Altos,_California" title="Los Altos, California">Los Altos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Los_Gatos,_California" title="Los Gatos, California">Los Gatos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martinez,_California" title="Martinez, California">Martinez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menlo_Park,_California" title="Menlo Park, California">Menlo Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morgan_Hill,_California" title="Morgan Hill, California">Morgan Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newark,_California" title="Newark, California">Newark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oakley,_California" title="Oakley, California">Oakley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacifica,_California" title="Pacifica, California">Pacifica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pleasant_Hill,_California" title="Pleasant Hill, California">Pleasant Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rohnert_Park,_California" title="Rohnert Park, California">Rohnert Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Bruno,_California" title="San Bruno, California">San Bruno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Carlos,_California" title="San Carlos, California">San Carlos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Pablo,_California" title="San Pablo, California">San Pablo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saratoga,_California" title="Saratoga, California">Saratoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suisun_City,_California" title="Suisun City, California">Suisun City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windsor,_California" title="Windsor, California">Windsor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#ffe16d;width:1%">10k–25k</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albany,_California" title="Albany, California">Albany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Canyon,_California" title="American Canyon, California">American Canyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clayton,_California" title="Clayton, California">Clayton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corte_Madera,_California" title="Corte Madera, California">Corte Madera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dixon,_California" title="Dixon, California">Dixon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emeryville,_California" title="Emeryville, California">Emeryville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Half_Moon_Bay,_California" title="Half Moon Bay, California">Half Moon Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healdsburg,_California" title="Healdsburg, California">Healdsburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillsborough,_California" title="Hillsborough, California">Hillsborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larkspur,_California" title="Larkspur, California">Larkspur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mill_Valley,_California" title="Mill Valley, California">Mill Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millbrae,_California" title="Millbrae, California">Millbrae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moraga,_California" title="Moraga, California">Moraga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orinda,_California" title="Orinda, California">Orinda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piedmont,_California" title="Piedmont, California">Piedmont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinole,_California" title="Pinole, California">Pinole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rio_Vista,_California" title="Rio Vista, California">Rio Vista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Anselmo,_California" title="San Anselmo, California">San Anselmo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonoma,_California" title="Sonoma, California">Sonoma</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#ffe16d;width:1%">Under 10k</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atherton,_California" title="Atherton, California">Atherton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belvedere,_California" title="Belvedere, California">Belvedere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brisbane,_California" title="Brisbane, California">Brisbane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calistoga,_California" title="Calistoga, California">Calistoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cloverdale,_California" title="Cloverdale, California">Cloverdale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colma,_California" title="Colma, California">Colma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cotati,_California" title="Cotati, California">Cotati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairfax,_California" title="Fairfax, California">Fairfax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Los_Altos_Hills,_California" title="Los Altos Hills, California">Los Altos Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monte_Sereno,_California" title="Monte Sereno, California">Monte Sereno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portola_Valley,_California" title="Portola Valley, California">Portola Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ross,_California" title="Ross, California">Ross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Helena,_California" title="St. Helena, California">St. Helena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sausalito,_California" title="Sausalito, California">Sausalito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebastopol,_California" title="Sebastopol, California">Sebastopol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiburon,_California" title="Tiburon, California">Tiburon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodside,_California" title="Woodside, California">Woodside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yountville,_California" title="Yountville, California">Yountville</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Census-designated_place" title="Census-designated place">CDPs</a> over 10k</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alamo,_California" title="Alamo, California">Alamo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alum_Rock,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Alum Rock, California">Alum Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashland,_California" title="Ashland, California">Ashland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_Point,_California" title="Bay Point, California">Bay Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castro_Valley,_California" title="Castro Valley, California">Castro Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherryland,_California" title="Cherryland, California">Cherryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discovery_Bay,_California" title="Discovery Bay, California">Discovery Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Sobrante,_Contra_Costa_County,_California" title="El Sobrante, Contra Costa County, California">El Sobrante</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairview,_California" title="Fairview, California">Fairview</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Fair_Oaks,_California" title="North Fair Oaks, California">North Fair Oaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Lorenzo,_California" title="San Lorenzo, California">San Lorenzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanford,_California" title="Stanford, California">Stanford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamalpais-Homestead_Valley,_California" title="Tamalpais-Homestead Valley, California">Tamalpais-Homestead Valley</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;width:1%">Sub-regions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_Bay" title="East Bay">East Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Bay_(San_Francisco_Bay_Area)" title="North Bay (San Francisco Bay Area)">North Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Peninsula" title="San Francisco Peninsula">San Francisco Peninsula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Clara_Valley" title="Santa Clara Valley">Santa Clara Valley</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_the_San_Francisco_Bay_Area" title="Homelessness in the San Francisco Bay Area">Homelessness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_in_the_San_Francisco_Bay_Area" title="Politics in the San Francisco Bay Area">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_in_the_San_Francisco_Bay_Area" title="Sports in the San Francisco Bay Area">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_the_San_Francisco_Bay_Area" title="Transportation in the San Francisco Bay Area">Transportation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="California_county_seats" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #FCC200;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:California_county_seats" title="Template:California county seats"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:California_county_seats" title="Template talk:California county seats"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:California_county_seats" title="Special:EditPage/Template:California county seats"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="California_county_seats" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_counties_in_California" title="List of counties in California">California county seats</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Consolidated_city-county" title="Consolidated city-county">Consolidated city-county</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">San Francisco</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_California" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities and towns in California">Municipalities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alturas,_California" title="Alturas, California">Alturas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auburn,_California" title="Auburn, California">Auburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakersfield,_California" title="Bakersfield, California">Bakersfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colusa,_California" title="Colusa, California">Colusa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crescent_City,_California" title="Crescent City, California">Crescent City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Centro,_California" title="El Centro, California">El Centro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eureka,_California" title="Eureka, California">Eureka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairfield,_California" title="Fairfield, California">Fairfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fresno,_California" title="Fresno, California">Fresno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanford,_California" title="Hanford, California">Hanford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hollister,_California" title="Hollister, California">Hollister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackson,_California" title="Jackson, California">Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakeport,_California" title="Lakeport, California">Lakeport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madera,_California" title="Madera, California">Madera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martinez,_California" title="Martinez, California">Martinez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marysville,_California" title="Marysville, California">Marysville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merced,_California" title="Merced, California">Merced</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modesto,_California" title="Modesto, California">Modesto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napa,_California" title="Napa, California">Napa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nevada_City,_California" title="Nevada City, California">Nevada City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oakland,_California" title="Oakland, California">Oakland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oroville,_California" title="Oroville, California">Oroville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Placerville,_California" title="Placerville, California">Placerville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Bluff,_California" title="Red Bluff, California">Red Bluff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redding,_California" title="Redding, California">Redding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redwood_City,_California" title="Redwood City, California">Redwood City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riverside,_California" title="Riverside, California">Riverside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacramento,_California" title="Sacramento, California">Sacramento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salinas,_California" title="Salinas, California">Salinas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Bernardino,_California" title="San Bernardino, California">San Bernardino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Diego" title="San Diego">San Diego</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Jose,_California" title="San Jose, California">San Jose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Luis_Obispo,_California" title="San Luis Obispo, California">San Luis Obispo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Rafael,_California" title="San Rafael, California">San Rafael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Ana,_California" title="Santa Ana, California">Santa Ana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Barbara,_California" title="Santa Barbara, California">Santa Barbara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz,_California" title="Santa Cruz, California">Santa Cruz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Rosa,_California" title="Santa Rosa, California">Santa Rosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonora,_California" title="Sonora, California">Sonora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stockton,_California" title="Stockton, California">Stockton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susanville,_California" title="Susanville, California">Susanville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukiah,_California" title="Ukiah, California">Ukiah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ventura,_California" title="Ventura, California">Ventura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visalia,_California" title="Visalia, California">Visalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willows,_California" title="Willows, California">Willows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodland,_California" title="Woodland, California">Woodland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yreka,_California" title="Yreka, California">Yreka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuba_City,_California" title="Yuba City, California">Yuba City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Census-designated_place" title="Census-designated place">CDPs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bridgeport,_California" title="Bridgeport, California">Bridgeport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Downieville,_California" title="Downieville, California">Downieville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independence,_California" title="Independence, California">Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariposa,_California" title="Mariposa, California">Mariposa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markleeville,_California" title="Markleeville, California">Markleeville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quincy,_California" title="Quincy, California">Quincy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Andreas,_California" title="San Andreas, California">San Andreas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weaverville,_California" title="Weaverville, California">Weaverville</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="State_of_California" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#FCC200;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:California" title="Template:California"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:California" title="Template talk:California"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:California" title="Special:EditPage/Template:California"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="State_of_California" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">State</a> of <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#FCC200;"><div><a href="/wiki/Sacramento,_California" title="Sacramento, California">Sacramento</a> (capital)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#FCC200;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_California" title="Outline of California">Topics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_California" title="Culture of California">Culture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_California" title="Cuisine of California">food</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_California" title="Music of California">music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of California">languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_sound" title="California sound">California sound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_in_California" title="Sports in California">sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Dream" title="California Dream">California Dream</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_California" title="Crime in California">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_California" title="Demographics of California">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_California" title="List of earthquakes in California">Earthquakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_California" title="Economy of California">Economy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_California" title="Agriculture in California">agriculture</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_California" title="Education in California">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environment_of_California" title="Environment of California">Environment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_California" title="Geography of California">Geography</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_California" title="Climate of California">climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecology_of_California" title="Ecology of California">ecology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Floristic_Province" title="California Floristic Province">flora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fauna_of_California" title="Fauna of California">fauna</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_California" title="Government of California">Government</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/California_State_Capitol" title="California State Capitol">Capitol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Districts_in_California" title="Districts in California">districts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_California" title="Governor of California">governor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_State_Legislature" title="California State Legislature">legislature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_California" title="Supreme Court of California">Supreme Court</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_California" title="Healthcare in California">Healthcare</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_California" title="Abortion in California">Abortion</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_California" title="History of California">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_California" title="Law of California">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_California" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in California">LGBT rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_National_Historic_Landmarks_in_California" title="List of National Historic Landmarks in California">National Historic Landmarks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_National_Natural_Landmarks_in_California" title="List of National Natural Landmarks in California">National Natural Landmarks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_California" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in California">NRHP listings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_California" title="Politics of California">Politics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_California" title="United States congressional delegations from California">congressional delegations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_California" title="Elections in California">elections</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_California" title="List of people from California">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_protected_areas" class="mw-redirect" title="California protected areas">Protected areas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_California_state_parks" title="List of California state parks">state parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_California_Historical_Landmarks" title="List of California Historical Landmarks">state historic landmarks</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_California_state_symbols" title="List of California state symbols">Symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_California" title="Transportation in California">Transportation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_in_California" title="Water in California">Water</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_California-related_articles" title="Index of California-related articles">Index of articles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#FCC200;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_California" title="List of regions of California">Regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antelope_Valley" title="Antelope Valley">Antelope Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Sur" title="Big Sur">Big Sur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Coast_Ranges" title="California Coast Ranges">California Coast Ranges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cascade_Range" title="Cascade Range">Cascade Range</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_California" title="Central California">Central California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Coast_(California)" title="Central Coast (California)">Central Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Valley_(California)" title="Central Valley (California)">Central Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Channel_Islands_(California)" title="Channel Islands (California)">Channel Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coachella_Valley" title="Coachella Valley">Coachella Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coastal_California" title="Coastal California">Coastal California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conejo_Valley" title="Conejo Valley">Conejo Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cucamonga_Valley" title="Cucamonga Valley">Cucamonga Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_Valley" title="Death Valley">Death Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Bay_(San_Francisco_Bay_Area)" class="mw-redirect" title="East Bay (San Francisco Bay Area)">East Bay (SF Bay Area)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_County,_San_Diego" title="East County, San Diego">East County (SD)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_California" title="Eastern California">Eastern California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emerald_Triangle" title="Emerald Triangle">Emerald Triangle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gold_Country" title="Gold Country">Gold Country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Basin" title="Great Basin">Great Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Bernardino_Valley" title="San Bernardino Valley">Greater San Bernardino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inland_Empire" title="Inland Empire">Inland Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klamath_Basin" title="Klamath Basin">Klamath Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Tahoe" title="Lake Tahoe">Lake Tahoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Los_Angeles_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Greater Los Angeles Area">Greater Los Angeles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Basin" title="Los Angeles Basin">Los Angeles Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lost_Coast" title="Lost Coast">Lost Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mojave_Desert" title="Mojave Desert">Mojave Desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_Empire,_San_Diego" title="Mountain Empire, San Diego">Mountain Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Bay_(San_Francisco_Bay_Area)" title="North Bay (San Francisco Bay Area)">North Bay (SF)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Coast_(California)" title="North Coast (California)">North Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_County_(San_Diego_area)" title="North County (San Diego area)">North County (SD)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_California" title="Northern California">Northern California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange_Coast" title="Orange Coast">Orange Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owens_Valley" title="Owens Valley">Owens Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxnard_Plain" title="Oxnard Plain">Oxnard Plain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peninsular_Ranges" title="Peninsular Ranges">Peninsular Ranges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomona_Valley" title="Pomona Valley">Pomona Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacramento%E2%80%93San_Joaquin_River_Delta" title="Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta">Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacramento_Valley" title="Sacramento Valley">Sacramento Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saddleback_Valley" title="Saddleback Valley">Saddleback Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salinas_Valley" title="Salinas Valley">Salinas Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Fernando_Valley" title="San Fernando Valley">San Fernando Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Bay_Area" title="San Francisco Bay Area">San Francisco Bay Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Peninsula" title="San Francisco Peninsula">San Francisco Peninsula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Gabriel_Valley" title="San Gabriel Valley">San Gabriel Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Joaquin_Valley" title="San Joaquin Valley">San Joaquin Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Clara_Valley" title="Santa Clara Valley">Santa Clara Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Clara_River_Valley" title="Santa Clara River Valley">Santa Clara River Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Clarita_Valley" title="Santa Clarita Valley">Santa Clarita Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Ynez_Valley" title="Santa Ynez Valley">Santa Ynez Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shasta_Cascade" title="Shasta Cascade">Shasta Cascade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Nevada" title="Sierra Nevada">Sierra Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silicon_Valley" title="Silicon Valley">Silicon Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Bay_(Los_Angeles_County)" title="South Bay (Los Angeles County)">South Bay (LA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Bay,_San_Diego" class="mw-redirect" title="South Bay, San Diego">South Bay (SD)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Clara_Valley#San_Francisco_South_Bay" title="Santa Clara Valley">South Bay (SF)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Coast_(California)" title="South Coast (California)">South Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Border_Region_(California)" title="Southern Border Region (California)">Southern Border Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_California" title="Southern California">Southern California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transverse_Ranges" title="Transverse Ranges">Transverse Ranges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tri-Valley" title="Tri-Valley">Tri-Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Valley" title="Victor Valley">Victor Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_Country_(California)" class="mw-redirect" title="Wine Country (California)">Wine Country</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#FCC200;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_statistical_area" title="Metropolitan statistical area">Metro regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Fresno" title="Metropolitan Fresno">Fresno–Madera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Los_Angeles" title="Greater Los Angeles">Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacramento_metropolitan_area" title="Sacramento metropolitan area">Sacramento–Roseville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inland_Empire" title="Inland Empire">Riverside–San Bernardino–Ontario</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Diego%E2%80%93Tijuana" title="San Diego–Tijuana">San Diego–Tijuana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Jose%E2%80%93San_Francisco%E2%80%93Oakland,_CA_Combined_Statistical_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="San Jose–San Francisco–Oakland, CA Combined Statistical Area">San Jose–San Francisco–Oakland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#FCC200;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_counties_in_California" title="List of counties in California">Counties</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alameda_County,_California" title="Alameda County, California">Alameda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpine_County,_California" title="Alpine County, California">Alpine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amador_County,_California" title="Amador County, California">Amador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butte_County,_California" title="Butte County, California">Butte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calaveras_County,_California" title="Calaveras County, California">Calaveras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colusa_County,_California" title="Colusa County, California">Colusa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contra_Costa_County,_California" title="Contra Costa County, California">Contra Costa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Del_Norte_County,_California" title="Del Norte County, California">Del Norte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Dorado_County,_California" title="El Dorado County, California">El Dorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fresno_County,_California" title="Fresno County, California">Fresno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenn_County,_California" title="Glenn County, California">Glenn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humboldt_County,_California" title="Humboldt County, California">Humboldt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_County,_California" title="Imperial County, California">Imperial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inyo_County,_California" title="Inyo County, California">Inyo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kern_County,_California" title="Kern County, California">Kern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kings_County,_California" title="Kings County, California">Kings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_County,_California" title="Lake County, California">Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lassen_County,_California" title="Lassen County, California">Lassen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_County,_California" title="Los Angeles County, California">Los Angeles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madera_County,_California" title="Madera County, California">Madera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marin_County,_California" title="Marin County, California">Marin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariposa_County,_California" title="Mariposa County, California">Mariposa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mendocino_County,_California" title="Mendocino County, California">Mendocino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merced_County,_California" title="Merced County, California">Merced</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modoc_County,_California" title="Modoc County, California">Modoc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mono_County,_California" title="Mono County, California">Mono</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monterey_County,_California" title="Monterey County, California">Monterey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napa_County,_California" title="Napa County, California">Napa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nevada_County,_California" title="Nevada County, California">Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange_County,_California" title="Orange County, California">Orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Placer_County,_California" title="Placer County, California">Placer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plumas_County,_California" title="Plumas County, California">Plumas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riverside_County,_California" title="Riverside County, California">Riverside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacramento_County,_California" title="Sacramento County, California">Sacramento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Benito_County,_California" title="San Benito County, California">San Benito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Bernardino_County,_California" title="San Bernardino County, California">San Bernardino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Diego_County,_California" title="San Diego County, California">San Diego</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">San Francisco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Joaquin_County,_California" title="San Joaquin County, California">San Joaquin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Luis_Obispo_County,_California" title="San Luis Obispo County, California">San Luis Obispo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Mateo_County,_California" title="San Mateo County, California">San Mateo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Barbara_County,_California" title="Santa Barbara County, California">Santa Barbara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Clara_County,_California" title="Santa Clara County, California">Santa Clara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_County,_California" title="Santa Cruz County, California">Santa Cruz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shasta_County,_California" title="Shasta County, California">Shasta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sierra_County,_California" title="Sierra County, California">Sierra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siskiyou_County,_California" title="Siskiyou County, California">Siskiyou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solano_County,_California" title="Solano County, California">Solano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonoma_County,_California" title="Sonoma County, California">Sonoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanislaus_County,_California" title="Stanislaus County, California">Stanislaus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sutter_County,_California" title="Sutter County, California">Sutter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tehama_County,_California" title="Tehama County, California">Tehama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinity_County,_California" title="Trinity County, California">Trinity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulare_County,_California" title="Tulare County, California">Tulare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuolumne_County,_California" title="Tuolumne County, California">Tuolumne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ventura_County,_California" title="Ventura County, California">Ventura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yolo_County,_California" title="Yolo County, California">Yolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuba_County,_California" title="Yuba County, California">Yuba</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#FCC200;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_California" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities and towns in California">Most populous cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Diego" title="San Diego">San Diego</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Jose,_California" title="San Jose, California">San Jose</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">San Francisco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fresno,_California" title="Fresno, California">Fresno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacramento,_California" title="Sacramento, California">Sacramento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_Beach,_California" title="Long Beach, California">Long Beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oakland,_California" title="Oakland, California">Oakland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakersfield,_California" title="Bakersfield, California">Bakersfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anaheim,_California" title="Anaheim, California">Anaheim</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#FCC200;"><div><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_California.svg/16px-Flag_of_California.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_California.svg/24px-Flag_of_California.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_California.svg/32px-Flag_of_California.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:California" title="Portal:California">California portal</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Places_adjacent_to_San_Francisco" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Adjacent_communities" title="Template:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Adjacent_communities" title="Template talk:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Adjacent_communities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Places_adjacent_to_San_Francisco" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Places adjacent to San Francisco</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><table role="presentation" style="width:100%; margin:0; text-align:center;"><tbody><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Marin_Headlands" title="Marin Headlands">Marin Headlands</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sausalito,_California" title="Sausalito, California">Sausalito</a> <a href="/wiki/Marin_County,_California" title="Marin County, California">Marin County</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Richmond,_California" title="Richmond, California">Richmond</a> <a href="/wiki/Contra_Costa_County,_California" title="Contra Costa County, California">Contra Costa County</a> <a href="/wiki/Berkeley,_California" title="Berkeley, California">Berkeley</a> <a href="/wiki/Alameda_County,_California" title="Alameda County, California">Alameda County</a></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/14px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/21px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/28px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td style="width:33%">Pacific Ocean</td> <td style="width:33%;"> <div style="white-space:nowrap;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/17px-Pfeil_links.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/25px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/34px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" />San Francisco<img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/17px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/25px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/34px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></div> </td> <td style="width:33%"><a href="/wiki/Alameda,_California" title="Alameda, California">Alameda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oakland,_California" title="Oakland, California">Oakland</a> <a href="/wiki/Alameda_County,_California" title="Alameda County, California">Alameda County</a></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/14px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/21px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/28px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brisbane,_California" title="Brisbane, California">Brisbane</a>, <a href="/wiki/Daly_City,_California" title="Daly City, California">Daly City</a> <a href="/wiki/San_Mateo_County,_California" title="San Mateo County, California">San Mateo County</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/San_Leandro,_California" title="San Leandro, California">San Leandro</a> <a href="/wiki/Alameda_County,_California" title="Alameda County, California">Alameda County</a></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="The_100_most_populous_cities_of_the_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:USPopulousCities" title="Template:USPopulousCities"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:USPopulousCities" title="Template talk:USPopulousCities"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:USPopulousCities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:USPopulousCities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="The_100_most_populous_cities_of_the_United_States" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">The <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_cities_by_population" title="List of United States cities by population">100 most populous cities</a> of the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:5em;">   </td><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;width:25%;"><div> <ol> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York, New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago, Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houston" title="Houston">Houston, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix,_Arizona" title="Phoenix, Arizona">Phoenix, Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia, Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Antonio" title="San Antonio">San Antonio, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas">Dallas, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Diego" title="San Diego">San Diego, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austin,_Texas" title="Austin, Texas">Austin, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacksonville,_Florida" title="Jacksonville, Florida">Jacksonville, Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Jose,_California" title="San Jose, California">San Jose, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Worth,_Texas" title="Fort Worth, Texas">Fort Worth, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbus,_Ohio" title="Columbus, Ohio">Columbus, Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlotte,_North_Carolina" title="Charlotte, North Carolina">Charlotte, North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indianapolis" title="Indianapolis">Indianapolis, Indiana</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">San Francisco, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seattle" title="Seattle">Seattle, Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denver" title="Denver">Denver, Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_City" title="Oklahoma City">Oklahoma City, Oklahoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Nashville, Tennessee">Nashville, Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Paso,_Texas" title="El Paso, Texas">El Paso, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Las_Vegas" title="Las Vegas">Las Vegas, Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston, Massachusetts</a></li> </ol> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:25%;"><div> <ol start="26"> <li><a href="/wiki/Portland,_Oregon" title="Portland, Oregon">Portland, Oregon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Louisville, Kentucky">Louisville, Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memphis,_Tennessee" title="Memphis, Tennessee">Memphis, Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detroit" title="Detroit">Detroit, Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore, Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milwaukee" title="Milwaukee">Milwaukee, Wisconsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albuquerque,_New_Mexico" title="Albuquerque, New Mexico">Albuquerque, New Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tucson,_Arizona" title="Tucson, Arizona">Tucson, Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fresno,_California" title="Fresno, California">Fresno, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacramento,_California" title="Sacramento, California">Sacramento, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesa,_Arizona" title="Mesa, Arizona">Mesa, Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kansas_City,_Missouri" title="Kansas City, Missouri">Kansas City, Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlanta" title="Atlanta">Atlanta, Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_Springs,_Colorado" title="Colorado Springs, Colorado">Colorado Springs, Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omaha,_Nebraska" title="Omaha, Nebraska">Omaha, Nebraska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raleigh,_North_Carolina" title="Raleigh, North Carolina">Raleigh, North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Beach,_Virginia" title="Virginia Beach, Virginia">Virginia Beach, Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_Beach,_California" title="Long Beach, California">Long Beach, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miami" title="Miami">Miami, Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oakland,_California" title="Oakland, California">Oakland, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minneapolis" title="Minneapolis">Minneapolis, Minnesota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulsa,_Oklahoma" title="Tulsa, Oklahoma">Tulsa, Oklahoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakersfield,_California" title="Bakersfield, California">Bakersfield, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tampa,_Florida" title="Tampa, Florida">Tampa, Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wichita,_Kansas" title="Wichita, Kansas">Wichita, Kansas</a></li> </ol> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:25%;"><div> <ol start="51"> <li><a href="/wiki/Arlington,_Texas" title="Arlington, Texas">Arlington, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aurora,_Colorado" title="Aurora, Colorado">Aurora, Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Orleans" title="New Orleans">New Orleans, Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland" title="Cleveland">Cleveland, Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anaheim,_California" title="Anaheim, California">Anaheim, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honolulu" title="Honolulu">Honolulu, Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henderson,_Nevada" title="Henderson, Nevada">Henderson, Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stockton,_California" title="Stockton, California">Stockton, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riverside,_California" title="Riverside, California">Riverside, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lexington,_Kentucky" title="Lexington, Kentucky">Lexington, Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corpus_Christi,_Texas" title="Corpus Christi, Texas">Corpus Christi, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orlando,_Florida" title="Orlando, Florida">Orlando, Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irvine,_California" title="Irvine, California">Irvine, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati">Cincinnati, Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Ana,_California" title="Santa Ana, California">Santa Ana, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newark,_New_Jersey" title="Newark, New Jersey">Newark, New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Paul,_Minnesota" title="Saint Paul, Minnesota">Saint Paul, Minnesota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh" title="Pittsburgh">Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greensboro,_North_Carolina" title="Greensboro, North Carolina">Greensboro, North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln,_Nebraska" title="Lincoln, Nebraska">Lincoln, Nebraska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durham,_North_Carolina" title="Durham, North Carolina">Durham, North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plano,_Texas" title="Plano, Texas">Plano, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anchorage,_Alaska" title="Anchorage, Alaska">Anchorage, Alaska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jersey_City,_New_Jersey" title="Jersey City, New Jersey">Jersey City, New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis">St. Louis, Missouri</a></li> </ol> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:25%;"><div> <ol start="76"> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandler,_Arizona" title="Chandler, Arizona">Chandler, Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Las_Vegas,_Nevada" title="North Las Vegas, Nevada">North Las Vegas, Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chula_Vista,_California" title="Chula Vista, California">Chula Vista, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buffalo,_New_York" title="Buffalo, New York">Buffalo, New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilbert,_Arizona" title="Gilbert, Arizona">Gilbert, Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reno,_Nevada" title="Reno, Nevada">Reno, Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison,_Wisconsin" title="Madison, Wisconsin">Madison, Wisconsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Wayne,_Indiana" title="Fort Wayne, Indiana">Fort Wayne, Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toledo,_Ohio" title="Toledo, Ohio">Toledo, Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lubbock,_Texas" title="Lubbock, Texas">Lubbock, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Petersburg,_Florida" title="St. Petersburg, Florida">St. Petersburg, Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laredo,_Texas" title="Laredo, Texas">Laredo, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irving,_Texas" title="Irving, Texas">Irving, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chesapeake,_Virginia" title="Chesapeake, Virginia">Chesapeake, Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glendale,_Arizona" title="Glendale, Arizona">Glendale, Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winston-Salem,_North_Carolina" title="Winston-Salem, North Carolina">Winston-Salem, North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottsdale,_Arizona" title="Scottsdale, Arizona">Scottsdale, Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garland,_Texas" title="Garland, Texas">Garland, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boise,_Idaho" title="Boise, Idaho">Boise, Idaho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norfolk,_Virginia" title="Norfolk, Virginia">Norfolk, Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_St._Lucie,_Florida" title="Port St. Lucie, Florida">Port St. Lucie, Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spokane,_Washington" title="Spokane, Washington">Spokane, Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richmond,_Virginia" title="Richmond, Virginia">Richmond, Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fremont,_California" title="Fremont, California">Fremont, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huntsville,_Alabama" title="Huntsville, Alabama">Huntsville, Alabama</a></li> </ol> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Cities ranked by <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a> population estimates for July 1, 2022.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236088147">.mw-parser-output .sister-bar{display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline;font-size:88%;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em 0 0;padding:0 2em}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;padding:0.2em 0;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px;line-height:22px}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;align-items:baseline;padding:0.2em 0;column-gap:1em;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-item{display:flex;align-items:baseline;margin:0.15em 0;min-height:24px;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-logo{width:22px;line-height:22px;margin:0 0.2em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-link{margin:0 0.2em;text-align:left}@media screen and (max-width:960px){.mw-parser-output .sister-bar{flex-flow:column wrap;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-header{flex:0 1}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-content{flex:1;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-item{flex:0 0 20em;min-width:20em}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+link+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+style+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+.navbox-styles+.portal-bar{margin-top:-1px}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sister-bar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="noprint metadata sister-bar" role="navigation" aria-label="sister-projects"><div class="sister-bar-header">San Francisco at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects">sister projects</a>:</div><ul class="sister-bar-content"><li class="sister-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/19px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/29px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/38px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="391" data-file-height="391" /><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/San_Francisco" class="extiw" title="wikt:Special:Search/San Francisco">Definitions</a> from Wiktionary</li><li class="sister-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/14px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/21px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/28px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" class="extiw" title="c:San Francisco">Media</a> from Commons</li><li class="sister-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/21px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/32px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/42px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Category:San_Francisco,_California" class="extiw" title="n:Category:San Francisco, California">News</a> from Wikinews</li><li class="sister-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/16px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/24px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/32px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/San_Francisco" class="extiw" title="q:San Francisco">Quotations</a> from Wikiquote</li><li class="sister-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/28px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/36px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/San_Francisco" class="extiw" title="s:Special:Search/San Francisco">Texts</a> from Wikisource</li><li class="sister-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/19px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/29px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/38px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/San_Francisco" class="extiw" title="b:Special:Search/San Francisco">Textbooks</a> from Wikibooks</li><li class="sister-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/21px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/32px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/42px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="512" /><a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Special:Search/San_Francisco" class="extiw" title="v:Special:Search/San Francisco">Resources</a> from Wikiversity</li><li class="sister-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/19px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/29px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/38px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/San_Francisco" class="extiw" title="voy:San Francisco">Travel guides</a> from Wikivoyage</li><li class="sister-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/21px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/32px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/42px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62" class="extiw" title="d:Q62">Data</a> from Wikidata</li></ul></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:<ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_California.svg/21px-Flag_of_California.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_California.svg/32px-Flag_of_California.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_California.svg/42px-Flag_of_California.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:California" title="Portal:California">California</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/SF_From_Marin_Highlands3.jpg/21px-SF_From_Marin_Highlands3.jpg" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/SF_From_Marin_Highlands3.jpg/32px-SF_From_Marin_Highlands3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/SF_From_Marin_Highlands3.jpg/42px-SF_From_Marin_Highlands3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2672" data-file-height="1885" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:San_Francisco_Bay_Area" title="Portal:San Francisco Bay Area">San Francisco Bay Area</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/42px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States">United States</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/19px-Terra.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/29px-Terra.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/38px-Terra.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Geography" title="Portal:Geography">Geography</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/COL-city_icon.png/19px-COL-city_icon.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/COL-city_icon.png/29px-COL-city_icon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/COL-city_icon.png/38px-COL-city_icon.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Cities" title="Portal:Cities">Cities</a></li></ul></div><div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000404618991">ISNI</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/317273288">VIAF</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1204481/">FAST</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39QbtfRDXFGHkw9mhRjjy6DWc">WorldCat</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4051520-5">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79018452">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11956388d">France</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11956388d">BnF data</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00628542">Japan</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35742527">Australia</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge130732&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX451385">Spain</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000742036&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=263353">Greece</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogo.bn.gov.ar/F/?func=direct&local_base=BNA10&doc_number=000042762">Argentina</a></li><li><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=497/27202">Vatican</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007554813305171">Israel</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981059250786106706">Catalonia</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/83f22bb6-4631-443c-bace-9fae8540362a">MusicBrainz area</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1066797">Trove</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external 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