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events"><span>Vakuchitika vasono</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes in the wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Kusintha kuphya</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Load a random page [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Jani lililose</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Contents" title="The place to find out"><span>Wovwili</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-To_Do" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-To_Do" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> To Do </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-Vyakuti-vinozgeke" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Vyakuti_vinozgeke"><span>Vyakuti vinozgeke</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Vinyake" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Vinyake" > <div 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name="search" placeholder="Fufuza Wikipedia" aria-label="Fufuza Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Fufuza Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Kufufuza</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Vilwelo vyako"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Kaonekelo"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Kaonekelo" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Kaonekelo</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_tum.wikipedia.org&uselang=tum" class=""><span>Chakupeleka</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Djibouti" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Panga akaunti</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Djibouti" title="You are encouraged to log in; however, it is not mandatory [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Njila</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="More options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vilwelo vyako" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vilwelo vyako</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_tum.wikipedia.org&uselang=tum"><span>Chakupeleka</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Djibouti" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Panga akaunti</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Djibouti" title="You are encouraged to log in; however, it is not mandatory [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Njila</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>vyakulemba</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Pakuchezgela</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Vyamukati" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Vyamukati</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">kubisa</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Kumayambililo</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Zina" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zina"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Zina</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zina-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mbili" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mbili"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Mbili</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Mbili-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Mbili subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Mbili-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Prehistory" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prehistory"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Prehistory</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prehistory-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Punt_(2,500_BCE)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Punt_(2,500_BCE)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Punt (2,500 BCE)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Punt_(2,500_BCE)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Macrobians_(247_BCE)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Macrobians_(247_BCE)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Macrobians (247 BCE)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Macrobians_(247_BCE)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kingdom_of_Adal_(900–1285)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kingdom_of_Adal_(900–1285)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Kingdom of Adal (900–1285)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kingdom_of_Adal_(900–1285)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ifat_Sultanate_(1285–1415)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ifat_Sultanate_(1285–1415)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Ifat Sultanate (1285–1415)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ifat_Sultanate_(1285–1415)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Adal_Sultanate_(1415–1577)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Adal_Sultanate_(1415–1577)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Adal Sultanate (1415–1577)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Adal_Sultanate_(1415–1577)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ottoman_Eyalet_(1577–1867)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ottoman_Eyalet_(1577–1867)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>Ottoman Eyalet (1577–1867)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ottoman_Eyalet_(1577–1867)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-French_rule_(1883–1977)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#French_rule_(1883–1977)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.8</span> <span>French rule (1883–1977)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-French_rule_(1883–1977)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Djibouti_Republic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Djibouti_Republic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.9</span> <span>Djibouti Republic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Djibouti_Republic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Politics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Politics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Politics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Governance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Governance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Governance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Governance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Foreign_relations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Foreign_relations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Foreign relations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Foreign_relations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Military" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Military"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Military</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Military-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Foreign_military_presence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Foreign_military_presence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Foreign military presence</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Foreign_military_presence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Human_rights" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Human_rights"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Human rights</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Human_rights-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Administrative_divisions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Administrative_divisions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Administrative divisions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Administrative_divisions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Makhalilo_gha_charu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Makhalilo_gha_charu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Makhalilo gha charu</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Makhalilo_gha_charu-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Makhalilo gha charu subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Makhalilo_gha_charu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Location_and_habitat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Location_and_habitat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Location and habitat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Location_and_habitat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Wildlife" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wildlife"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Wildlife</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wildlife-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chuma" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chuma"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Chuma</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Chuma-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Chuma subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Chuma-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Transport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media_and_telecommunications" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media_and_telecommunications"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Media and telecommunications</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media_and_telecommunications-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tourism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tourism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Tourism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tourism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Energy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Energy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Energy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Energy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Demographics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Languages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Languages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Languages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Languages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Religion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Largest_cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Largest_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Largest cities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Largest_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Health" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Health"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>Health</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Health-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.5</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mwambo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mwambo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Mwambo</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Mwambo-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Mwambo subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Mwambo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Music</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Literature</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Sport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cuisine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cuisine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.4</span> <span>Cuisine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cuisine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Wonaniso" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wonaniso"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Wonaniso</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wonaniso-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vyakulemba" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vyakulemba"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Vyakulemba</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vyakulemba-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ukaboni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ukaboni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Ukaboni</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Ukaboni-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Ukaboni subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Ukaboni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vigaŵa_vya_kuwalo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vigaŵa_vya_kuwalo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Vigaŵa vya kuwalo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vigaŵa_vya_kuwalo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Vyamukati" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Djibouti</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" 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Available in 243 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-243" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">243 viyowoyelo</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%8F%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Џибути – Abkhazian" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Џибути" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkhazian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Джибути – Adyghe" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Джибути" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="Adyghe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djiboeti" title="Djiboeti – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Djiboeti" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dschibuti" title="Dschibuti – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Dschibuti" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8C%85%E1%89%A1%E1%89%B2" title="ጅቡቲ – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ጅቡቲ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chibuti" title="Chibuti – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Chibuti" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cibuti" title="Cibuti – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Cibuti" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ann mw-list-item"><a href="https://ann.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dijibuti" title="Dijibuti – Obolo" lang="ann" hreflang="ann" data-title="Dijibuti" data-language-autonym="Obolo" data-language-local-name="Obolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Obolo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%80" title="जिबूटी – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="जिबूटी" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%8A" title="جيبوتي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جيبوتي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%8A" title="دجيبوتي – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="دجيبوتي" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%89" title="جيبوتى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جيبوتى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xibuti" title="Xibuti – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Xibuti" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jibutia" title="Jibutia – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Jibutia" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cibuti" title="Cibuti – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Cibuti" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DB%8C%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%AA%DB%8C" title="جیبوتی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="جیبوتی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Джибути – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Джибути" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dschibuti" title="Dschibuti – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Dschibuti" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BE%C4%97botis" title="Džėbotis – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Džėbotis" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dibouti" title="Dibouti – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Dibouti" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%86%D1%96" title="Джыбуці – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Джыбуці" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%86%D1%96" title="Джыбуці – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Джыбуці" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jibuti" title="Jibuti – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Jibuti" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Джибути – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Джибути" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80" title="जिबूती – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="जिबूती" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jibuti" title="Jibuti – Bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Jibuti" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="Bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF" title="জিবুতি – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জিবুতি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%87%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%BC%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%8A%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8D" title="ཇི་བའོ་ཊི། – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཇི་བའོ་ཊི།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BF" title="ডিজিবোটি – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="ডিজিবোটি" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BEibuti" title="Džibuti – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Džibuti" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Джибути – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Джибути" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Джибути – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Джибути" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yibuti" title="Yibuti – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Yibuti" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8F%A5%E1%8F%8A%E1%8F%97" title="ᏥᏊᏗ – Cherokee" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᏥᏊᏗ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="Cherokee" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DB%8C%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%88%D8%AA%DB%8C" title="جیبووتی – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="جیبووتی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gibuti" title="Gibuti – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Gibuti" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cibuti" title="Cibuti – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Cibuti" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BEibutsko" title="Džibutsko – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Džibutsko" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Джибути – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Джибути" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jibwti" title="Jibwti – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Jibwti" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dschibuti" title="Dschibuti – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Dschibuti" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-din mw-list-item"><a href="https://din.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Dinka" lang="din" hreflang="din" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="Thuɔŋjäŋ" data-language-local-name="Dinka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Thuɔŋjäŋ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cibuti" title="Cibuti – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Cibuti" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BEibuti" title="Džibuti – Lower Sorbian" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Džibuti" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Lower Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%80" title="जिबुटी – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="जिबुटी" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%96%DE%A8%DE%84%DE%AA%DE%8C%DE%A9" title="ޖިބުތީ – Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ޖިބުތީ" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ee mw-list-item"><a href="https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dzibuti" title="Dzibuti – Ewe" lang="ee" hreflang="ee" data-title="Dzibuti" data-language-autonym="Eʋegbe" data-language-local-name="Ewe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eʋegbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%B6%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%AF" title="Τζιμπουτί – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τζιμπουτί" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – English" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%9Cibutio" title="Ĝibutio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ĝibutio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yibuti" title="Yibuti – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Yibuti" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibuti" title="Djibuti – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Djibuti" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yibuti" title="Yibuti – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Yibuti" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DB%8C%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%AA%DB%8C" title="جیبوتی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جیبوتی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jibuuti" title="Jibuuti – Fula" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Jibuuti" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="Fula" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fulfulde</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibuti" title="Djibuti – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Djibuti" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fon mw-list-item"><a href="https://fon.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jibutit%C3%B2" title="Jibutitò – Fon" lang="fon" hreflang="fon" data-title="Jibutitò" data-language-autonym="Fɔ̀ngbè" data-language-local-name="Fon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fɔ̀ngbè</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dj%C2%B7iboti" title="Dj·iboti – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Dj·iboti" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dschibuuti" title="Dschibuuti – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Dschibuuti" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dzjib%C3%BBty" title="Dzjibûty – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Dzjibûty" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cibuti" title="Cibuti – Gagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Cibuti" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="Gagauz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diob%C3%B9taidh" title="Diobùtaidh – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Diobùtaidh" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibuti" title="Djibuti – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Djibuti" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jimb%C3%BAti" title="Jimbúti – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Jimbúti" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80" title="जिबूती – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="जिबूती" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gpe mw-list-item"><a href="https://gpe.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Ghanaian Pidgin" lang="gpe" hreflang="gpe" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="Ghanaian Pidgin" data-language-local-name="Ghanaian Pidgin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ghanaian Pidgin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gur mw-list-item"><a href="https://gur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Frafra" lang="gur" hreflang="gur" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="Farefare" data-language-local-name="Frafra" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Farefare</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jibuti_(%C6%99asa)" title="Jibuti (ƙasa) – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Jibuti (ƙasa)" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%27%D7%99%D7%91%D7%95%D7%98%D7%99" title="ג'יבוטי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ג'יבוטי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80" title="जिबूती – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="जिबूती" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BEibuti" title="Džibuti – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Džibuti" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BAibuti" title="Dźibuti – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Dźibuti" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti_(peyi)" title="Djibouti (peyi) – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Djibouti (peyi)" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dzsibuti" title="Dzsibuti – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Dzsibuti" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8B%D5%AB%D5%A2%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%AB" title="Ջիբութի – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ջիբութի" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%83%D5%AB%D5%BA%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%AB" title="Ճիպութի – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Ճիպութի" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibuti" title="Djibuti – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Djibuti" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jibuti" title="Jibuti – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Jibuti" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibuti" title="Djibuti – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Djibuti" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djib%C3%BAt%C3%AD" title="Djibútí – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Djibútí" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gibuti" title="Gibuti – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Gibuti" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B8%E3%83%96%E3%83%81" title="ジブチ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ジブチ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jibuuti" title="Jibuuti – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Jibuuti" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AF%E1%83%98%E1%83%91%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="ჯიბუტი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჯიბუტი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibuti" title="Djibuti – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Djibuti" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jibuti" title="Jibuti – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Jibuti" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cibuuti" title="Cibuuti – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Cibuuti" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ji%CC%B1buti" title="Ji̱buti – Tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Ji̱buti" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="Tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibuti" title="Djibuti – Kongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Djibuti" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="Kongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Kikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="Kikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Джибути – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Джибути" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%87%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%BC%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%91%E1%9E%B8" title="ជីបូ៊ទី – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ជីបូ៊ទី" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AC%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF" title="ಜಿಬೂಟಿ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಜಿಬೂಟಿ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A7%80%EB%B6%80%ED%8B%B0" title="지부티 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="지부티" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%AEb%C3%BBt%C3%AE" title="Cîbûtî – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Cîbûtî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jibouti" title="Jibouti – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Jibouti" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Жибути – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Жибути" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gibutum" title="Gibutum – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Gibutum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibuti" title="Djibuti – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Djibuti" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dschibuti" title="Dschibuti – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Dschibuti" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibuti" title="Djibuti – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Djibuti" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Ganda" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="Ganda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Luganda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gibuti" title="Gibuti – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Gibuti" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gibuti" title="Gibuti – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Gibuti" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gibuti" title="Gibuti – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Gibuti" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibuti" title="Djibuti – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Djibuti" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%9B%E0%BA%B0%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%88%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%9A%E0%BA%B9%E0%BA%95%E0%BA%B5" title="ປະເທດຈິບູຕີ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ປະເທດຈິບູຕີ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BEibutis" title="Džibutis – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Džibutis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BEibutija" title="Džibutija – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Džibutija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Madurese" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="Madurese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Madhurâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80" title="जिबूती – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="जिबूती" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Джибути – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Джибути" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jibot%E1%BB%B3" title="Jibotỳ – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Jibotỳ" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tip%C5%ABti" title="Tipūti – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Tipūti" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%8F%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Џибути – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Џибути" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%BF" title="ജിബൂട്ടി – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ജിബൂട്ടി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Жибути – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Жибути" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%96%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%95%EA%AF%A7%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A4" title="ꯗ꯭ꯖꯤꯕꯧꯇꯤ – Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯗ꯭ꯖꯤꯕꯧꯇꯤ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80" title="जिबूती – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="जिबूती" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Джибути – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Джибути" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%A0ibuti" title="Ġibuti – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Ġibuti" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%82%E1%80%BB%E1%80%AE%E1%80%98%E1%80%B0%E1%80%90%E1%80%AE%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%84%E1%80%B6" title="ဂျီဘူတီနိုင်ငံ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဂျီဘူတီနိုင်ငံ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DB%8C%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%AA%DB%8C" title="جیبوتی – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="جیبوتی" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dschibuti" title="Dschibuti – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Dschibuti" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibuti" title="Djibuti – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Djibuti" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80" title="जिबुती – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="जिबुती" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%80" title="जिबुटी – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="जिबुटी" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti_(land)" title="Djibouti (land) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Djibouti (land)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibuti" title="Djibuti – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Djibuti" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Northern Sotho" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="Northern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bil%C4%AF%CC%81%C4%AF%CC%81%C5%82%C3%A1n%C3%AD_Dine%CA%BC%C3%A9_Bik%C3%A9yah_Y%C3%A1zh%C3%AD" title="Bilį́į́łání Dineʼé Bikéyah Yázhí – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Bilį́į́łání Dineʼé Bikéyah Yázhí" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jiboti" title="Jiboti – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Jiboti" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BEibuti" title="Džibuti – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Džibuti" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jibuutii" title="Jibuutii – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Jibuutii" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Джибути – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Джибути" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%80" title="ਜਿਬੂਤੀ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਜਿਬੂਤੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yib%C3%BAti" title="Yibúti – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Yibúti" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tschibuti" title="Tschibuti – Pennsylvania German" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Tschibuti" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="Pennsylvania German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%80" title="जिबूटी – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="जिबूटी" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jibuuti" title="Jibuuti – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Jibuuti" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BCibuti" title="Dżibuti – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Dżibuti" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%AA%DB%8C" title="جبوتی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="جبوتی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%8A" title="جيبوتي – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="جيبوتي" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibuti" title="Djibuti – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Djibuti" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yiwuti" title="Yiwuti – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Yiwuti" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gibouti" title="Gibouti – Aromanian" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Gibouti" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aromanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Джибути – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Джибути" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D1%96%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%82%D1%96" title="Джібуті – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Джібуті" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jibuti" title="Jibuti – Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Jibuti" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%80" title="जिबूटी – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="जिबूटी" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8C%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Дьибути – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Дьибути" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gibuti" title="Gibuti – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Gibuti" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gibbuti" title="Gibbuti – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Gibbuti" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%8A" title="جبوتي – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="جبوتي" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sg mw-list-item"><a href="https://sg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dibut%C3%B9ii" title="Dibutùii – Sango" lang="sg" hreflang="sg" data-title="Dibutùii" data-language-autonym="Sängö" data-language-local-name="Sango" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sängö</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BEibuti" title="Džibuti – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Džibuti" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibuti" title="Djibuti – Tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Djibuti" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="Tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%AD%E1%80%B0%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%81%B5%E1%80%BB%E1%80%AE%E1%82%87%E1%80%95%E1%80%B0%E1%80%B8%E1%80%90%E1%80%AE%E1%82%87" title="မိူင်းၵျီႇပူးတီႇ – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="မိူင်းၵျီႇပူးတီႇ" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B6%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%A7%E0%B7%92" title="ජිබුටි – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ජිබුටි" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BEibutsko" title="Džibutsko – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Džibutsko" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BEibuti" title="Džibuti – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Džibuti" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Samoan" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="Samoan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jibhuti" title="Jibhuti – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Jibhuti" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jabuuti" title="Jabuuti – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Jabuuti" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xhibuti" title="Xhibuti – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Xhibuti" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%8F%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Џибути – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Џибути" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/IJibhuthi" title="IJibhuthi – Swati" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="IJibhuthi" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="Swati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>SiSwati</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Southern Sotho" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="Southern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dschibuti" title="Dschibuti – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Dschibuti" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jibuti" title="Jibuti – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Jibuti" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BCibuti" title="Dżibuti – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Dżibuti" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%80" title="சீபூத்தீ – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சீபூத்தீ" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AC%E0%B1%8C%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%BF" title="జిబౌటి – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="జిబౌటి" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%B6%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%82%D3%A3" title="Ҷибутӣ – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ҷибутӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B5" title="ประเทศจิบูตี – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ประเทศจิบูตี" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ti mw-list-item"><a href="https://ti.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8C%82%E1%89%A1%E1%89%B2" title="ጂቡቲ – Tigrinya" lang="ti" hreflang="ti" data-title="ጂቡቲ" data-language-autonym="ትግርኛ" data-language-local-name="Tigrinya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ትግርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jibuti" title="Jibuti – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Jibuti" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Cibuti" title="Čibuti – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Čibuti" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cibuti" title="Cibuti – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Cibuti" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Tsonga" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="Tsonga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%96%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Җибути – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Җибути" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8_(%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BD)" title="Джибути (кун) – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Джибути (кун)" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%89%D8%A8%DB%87%D8%AA%D9%89" title="جىبۇتى – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="جىبۇتى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%82%D1%96" title="Джибуті – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Джибуті" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%AA%DB%8C" title="جبوتی – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="جبوتی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jibuti" title="Jibuti – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Jibuti" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jibuti" title="Jibuti – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Jibuti" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BEibuti" title="Džibuti – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Džibuti" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cibut%C3%A4n" title="Cibutän – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Cibutän" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jibuti" title="Jibuti – Wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Jibuti" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="Wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%90%89%E5%B8%83%E6%8F%90" title="吉布提 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="吉布提" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AF%E1%83%98%E1%83%91%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="ჯიბუტი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ჯიბუტი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%93%D7%96%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%91%D7%95%D7%98%D7%99" title="דזשיבוטי – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="דזשיבוטי" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dj%C3%ACb%C3%BAt%C3%AC" title="Djìbútì – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Djìbútì" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti_(land)" title="Djibouti (land) – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Djibouti (land)" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%8A%E2%B5%89%E2%B4%B1%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%9C%E2%B5%89" title="ⵊⵉⴱⵓⵜⵉ – Standard Moroccan Tamazight" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵊⵉⴱⵓⵜⵉ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Standard Moroccan Tamazight" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%90%89%E5%B8%83%E6%8F%90" title="吉布提 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="吉布提" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%90%89%E5%B8%83%E6%8F%90" title="吉布提 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="吉布提" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Djibouti" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%90%89%E5%B8%83%E6%8F%90" title="吉布提 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="吉布提" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IJibhuthi" title="IJibhuthi – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="IJibhuthi" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q977#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Sintha malink</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Malo gha zina"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Djibouti" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Jani</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Talk:Djibouti&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Discussion about the content page (jani likusangika yayi) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Kudumbizgana</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">chiTumbuka</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Vyakuona"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Djibouti"><span>Ŵelengani</span></a></li><li id="ca-viewsource" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Djibouti&action=edit" title="This page is protected.
You can view its source [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Wona source</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Djibouti&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Kuona umo mayambilo</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vilwelo" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vilwelo</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Vilwelo</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">kubisa</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Vyakuchita </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Djibouti"><span>Ŵelengani</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-viewsource" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Djibouti&action=edit"><span>Wona source</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Djibouti&action=history"><span>Kuona umo mayambilo</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Vya masiku ghose </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Djibouti" title="A list of all wiki pages that link here [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Ivo vikwiza pano</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Djibouti" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Vyaku sintha</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=tum" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Kwezgela chinthu</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Majani ghakupatulika</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Djibouti&oldid=102531" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Link yakukhalilila</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Djibouti&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Va jani lino</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Djibouti&id=102531&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Ikilani umboni jani ili</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FDjibouti"><span>Penjani URL yakufupikizgika</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FDjibouti"><span>Sangululani kodi ya QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Chapa/exporti </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Djibouti"><span>Create a book</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Djibouti&action=show-download-screen"><span>Sangulula nga PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Djibouti&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Mtundu wakuprintika</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ma project ghanyake </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%8A_/_Djibouti" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q977" title="Link to connected data repository item [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata chinthu</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Kaonekelo"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Kaonekelo</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">kubisa</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82481">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Djibouti&params=11_30_N_43_00_E_type:country_region:DJ"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">11°30′N</span> <span class="longitude">43°00′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">11.500°N 43.000°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">11.500; 43.000</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> <div id="mw-indicator-pp-default" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Protection_policy#semi" title="This article is semi-protected."><img alt="Page semi-protected" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/20px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/30px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/40px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Kufuma Wikipedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="tum" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Country in the Horn of Africa<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:SHORTDESC:Country_in_the_Horn_of_Africa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template:SHORTDESC:Country in the Horn of Africa (jani likusangika yayi)">Template:SHORTDESC:Country in the Horn of Africa</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r33382">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Nkhani <a href="/w/index.php?title=Article&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Article (jani likusangika yayi)">iyi</a> njakukhwaskana na the country in the Horn of Africa. For its capital city, see <a href="/w/index.php?title=Djibouti_City&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Djibouti City (jani likusangika yayi)">Djibouti City</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/w/index.php?title=Djibouti_(disambiguation)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Djibouti (disambiguation) (jani likusangika yayi)">Djibouti (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox geography vcard" style="width:22em; font-size:88%;"><tbody><tr class="adr"> <th colspan="3" align="center" class="mergedtoprow" style="padding:0.25em 0.33em 0.33em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:1.25em;"><span class="fn org country-name">Charu cha Djibouti</span><br /><div style="padding-top:0.25em;"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li> <span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">جمهورية جيبوتي</span></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabic_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arabic language (jani likusangika yayi)">Arabic</a>)</span> </li><li> <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">République de Djibouti</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=French_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="French language (jani likusangika yayi)">French</a>)</span> </li><li> <span title="Somali-language text"><i lang="so">Jamhuuriyadda Jabuuti</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Somali_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Somali language (jani likusangika yayi)">Somali</a>)</span></li><li><span title="Afar-language text"><i lang="aa">Gabuutih Ummuuno</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Afar_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Afar language (jani likusangika yayi)">Afar</a>)</span></li></ul></div> </div></th> </tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"> <td class="maptable" colspan="3" align="center" style="padding:0.5em 0;"><table align="center" style="width:100%;background:none;"><tbody><tr> <td align="center" style="width:58%; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Djibouti.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Djibouti"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_Djibouti.svg/125px-Flag_of_Djibouti.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_Djibouti.svg/188px-Flag_of_Djibouti.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_Djibouti.svg/250px-Flag_of_Djibouti.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td> <td align="center" style="width:auto;vertical-align:middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_Djibouti.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Emblem of Djibouti"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Emblem_of_Djibouti.svg/85px-Emblem_of_Djibouti.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Emblem_of_Djibouti.svg/128px-Emblem_of_Djibouti.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Emblem_of_Djibouti.svg/170px-Emblem_of_Djibouti.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="540" /></a></span></td> </tr><tr> <td align="center" style="font-size:85%;">Mbendela</td> <td align="center" style="font-size:85%;">Emblem</td> </tr></tbody></table> </td> </tr><tr> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:center;line-height:1.2em;"><b>Chiluso: </b><br /><span title="Somali-language text"><span lang="so" style="font-style: normal;">Midnimo, Sinnaan, Nabad</span></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Somali_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Somali language (jani likusangika yayi)">Somali</a>)</span><br /><span title="Afar-language text"><span lang="aa" style="font-style: normal;">Inkittiino, Qeedala, Wagari</span></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Afar_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Afar language (jani likusangika yayi)">Afar</a>)</span><br /><span title="French-language text"><span lang="fr" style="font-style: normal;">Unité, Égalité, Paix</span></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=French_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="French language (jani likusangika yayi)">French</a>)</span><br /><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl" style="font-style: normal;">اتحاد، مساواة، سلام</span></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabic_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arabic language (jani likusangika yayi)">Arabic</a>)</span><br /><span title="English-language text"><span lang="en" style="font-style: normal;">Unity, Equality, Peace</span></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=English_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="English language (jani likusangika yayi)">English</a>)</span></td> </tr><tr> <td class="anthem" colspan="3" style="text-align:center;line-height:1.2em;"><b>Nyimbo: </b><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Djibouti_(anthem)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Djibouti (anthem) (jani likusangika yayi)">Djibouti</a></i><br /><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="48" data-mwtitle="The_Djiboutian_anthem.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bf/The_Djiboutian_anthem.ogg/The_Djiboutian_anthem.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bf/The_Djiboutian_anthem.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AThe_Djiboutian_anthem.ogg&lang=aa&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="aa" label="Qafár af ‪(aa)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AThe_Djiboutian_anthem.ogg&lang=abs&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="abs" label="bahasa ambon ‪(abs)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AThe_Djiboutian_anthem.ogg&lang=aeb-arab&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="aeb-Arab" label="تونسي ‪(aeb-arab)‬" data-dir="rtl" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AThe_Djiboutian_anthem.ogg&lang=ar&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ar" label="العربية ‪(ar)‬" data-dir="rtl" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AThe_Djiboutian_anthem.ogg&lang=ch&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ch" label="Chamoru ‪(ch)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AThe_Djiboutian_anthem.ogg&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AThe_Djiboutian_anthem.ogg&lang=fr&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="fr" label="français ‪(fr)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AThe_Djiboutian_anthem.ogg&lang=pt-br&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="pt-BR" label="português do Brasil ‪(pt-br)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AThe_Djiboutian_anthem.ogg&lang=so&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="so" label="Soomaaliga ‪(so)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AThe_Djiboutian_anthem.ogg&lang=uk&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="uk" label="українська ‪(uk)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AThe_Djiboutian_anthem.ogg&lang=zh-hk&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="zh-Hant-HK" label="中文（香港） ‪(zh-hk)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></audio></span></span></div></td> </tr><tr> <td colspan="3" style="padding:0.6em 0 0.3em;text-align:center;">[[File:<div class="switcher-container"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Djibouti_(orthographic_projection).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Djibouti_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/220px-Djibouti_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Djibouti_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/330px-Djibouti_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Djibouti_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/440px-Djibouti_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="550" /></a></span><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none" data-switcher-default="">Show globe</span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Location_Djibouti_AU_Africa.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Location_Djibouti_AU_Africa.svg/250px-Location_Djibouti_AU_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="232" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Location_Djibouti_AU_Africa.svg/375px-Location_Djibouti_AU_Africa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Location_Djibouti_AU_Africa.svg/500px-Location_Djibouti_AU_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="1300" /></a></span><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Africa</span></div></div>|center|250px|alt=|]]<div style="padding:0.3em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:85%;"></div> </td> </tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2"><b>Msumba Waboma</b><br /> kweneso Msumba Usani</td><td><a href="/wiki/Djibouti_(city)" title="Djibouti (city)">Djibouti</a></td></tr><tr> <th colspan="2" style="white-space:nowrap;">Chiyowoyelo chaboma</th> <td><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r107036">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabic_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arabic language (jani likusangika yayi)">Arabic</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="French language (jani likusangika yayi)">French</a></li></ul></div></td> </tr><tr> <th colspan="2" style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_languages&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National languages (jani likusangika yayi)">National languages</a></th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r107036"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Somali_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Somali language (jani likusangika yayi)">Somali</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afar_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Afar language (jani likusangika yayi)">Afar</a><sup id="cite_ref-CIA_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></div></td> </tr><tr> <td colspan="2"><b>Mitundu ya Ŵanthu</b> </td> <td><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Somalis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Somalis (jani likusangika yayi)">Somalis</a> 70%</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afar_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Afar people (jani likusangika yayi)">Afar</a> 30%<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></div></td> </tr><tr> <th colspan="2">Vipembezo</th> <td style="vertical-align:middle;">94% <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_Djibouti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islam in Djibouti (jani likusangika yayi)">Islam</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=State_religion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="State religion (jani likusangika yayi)">official</a>)<br />6% <a href="/w/index.php?title=Christianity_in_Djibouti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christianity in Djibouti (jani likusangika yayi)">Christianity</a></td> </tr><tr> <th colspan="2">Mwenecharu</th> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Djiboutians&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Djiboutians (jani likusangika yayi)">Djiboutian</a></td> </tr><tr> <th colspan="2">Mtundu wa Boma</th> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Unitary_state&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Unitary state (jani likusangika yayi)">Unitary</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Presidential_system&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Presidential system (jani likusangika yayi)">presidential</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Republic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Republic (jani likusangika yayi)">republic</a> under a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hereditary_dictatorship&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hereditary dictatorship (jani likusangika yayi)">hereditary dictatorship</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-cbs_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cbs-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> </tr><tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="width:1.0em;padding:0 0 0 0.6em;"> - </td> <td style="padding-left:0;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_heads_of_state_of_Djibouti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of heads of state of Djibouti (jani likusangika yayi)">President</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Isma%C3%AFl_Omar_Guelleh" title="Ismaïl Omar Guelleh">Ismaïl Omar Guelleh</a></td> </tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"> <td style="width:1.0em;padding:0 0 0 0.6em;"> - </td> <td style="padding-left:0;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_heads_of_government_of_Djibouti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of heads of government of Djibouti (jani likusangika yayi)">Prime Minister</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abdoulkader_Kamil_Mohamed&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abdoulkader Kamil Mohamed (jani likusangika yayi)">Abdoulkader Kamil Mohamed</a></td> </tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="3"><a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_Djibouti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="History of Djibouti (jani likusangika yayi)">Formation</a></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="width:1.0em;padding:0 0 0 0.6em;"> - </td> <td style="padding-left:0;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Somaliland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="French Somaliland (jani likusangika yayi)">French Somaliland</a></td> <td>20 May 1883 </td> </tr><tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="width:1.0em;padding:0 0 0 0.6em;"> - </td> <td style="padding-left:0;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Territory_of_the_Afars_and_the_Issas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="French Territory of the Afars and the Issas (jani likusangika yayi)">French Territory of the Afars and Issas</a></td> <td>5 July 1967 </td> </tr><tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="width:1.0em;padding:0 0 0 0.6em;"> - </td> <td style="padding-left:0;">Independence from <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></td> <td>27 June 1977 </td> </tr><tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="width:1.0em;padding:0 0 0 0.6em;"> - </td> <td style="padding-left:0;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_412&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 412 (jani likusangika yayi)">Admitted to the</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=United_Nations&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="United Nations (jani likusangika yayi)">United Nations</a></td> <td>20 September 1977 </td> </tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"> <td style="width:1.0em;padding:0 0 0 0.6em;"> - </td> <td style="padding-left:0;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitution_of_Djibouti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Constitution of Djibouti (jani likusangika yayi)">Current constitution</a></td> <td>4 September 1992 </td> </tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"> <th colspan="3">Ukulu wa Malo</th> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="width:1.0em;padding:0 0 0 0.6em;"> - </td> <td style="padding-left:0;">Malo</td> <td>23,200.<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> km<sup><small>2</small></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CIA_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_countries_and_dependencies_by_area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of countries and dependencies by area (jani likusangika yayi)">146th</a>)<br />8,958 sq mi</td> </tr><tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="width:1.0em;padding:0 0 0 0.6em;"> - </td> <td style="padding-left:0;">Maji (%)</td> <td><span style="white-space:nowrap;">0.09 (20 km² / 7.7 sq mi)</span></td> </tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"> <th colspan="3">Chiŵelengelo cha ŵanthu</th> </tr><tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="width:1.0em;padding:0 0 0 0.6em;"> - </td> <td style="padding-left:0;">2023 estimate</td> <td>976,143<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_countries_by_population&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of countries by population (jani likusangika yayi)">162th</a>)</td> </tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"> <td style="width:1.0em;padding:0 0 0 0.6em;"> - </td> <td style="padding-left:0;">Density</td> <td>37.2/km<sup><small>2</small></sup> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_sovereign_states_and_dependent_territories_by_population_density&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of sovereign states and dependent territories by population density (jani likusangika yayi)">168th</a>)<br />96.4/sq mi</td> </tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"> <td colspan="2"><b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gross_domestic_product&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gross domestic product (jani likusangika yayi)">GDP</a></b> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Purchasing_power_parity&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Purchasing power parity (jani likusangika yayi)">PPP</a>)</td> <td>2022 estimate</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="width:1.0em;padding:0 0 0 0.6em;"> - </td> <td style="padding-left:0;">Total</td> <td><span title="Increase"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span>$6.61 billion<sup id="cite_ref-imf2_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imf2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of countries by GDP (PPP) (jani likusangika yayi)">167th</a>)</td> </tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"> <td style="width:1.0em;padding:0 0 0 0.6em;"> - </td> <td style="padding-left:0;">Per capita</td> <td><span title="Increase"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span> $6,514<sup id="cite_ref-imf2_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imf2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)_per_capita&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita (jani likusangika yayi)">137th</a>)</td> </tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"> <td colspan="2"><b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gross_domestic_product&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gross domestic product (jani likusangika yayi)">GDP</a></b> (nominal)</td> <td>2022 estimate</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="width:1.0em;padding:0 0 0 0.6em;"> - </td> <td style="padding-left:0;">Total</td> <td><span title="Increase"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span> $3.7  billion<sup id="cite_ref-imf2_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imf2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of countries by GDP (nominal) (jani likusangika yayi)">172nd</a>)</td> </tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"> <td style="width:1.0em;padding:0 0 0 0.6em;"> - </td> <td style="padding-left:0;">Per capita</td> <td><span title="Increase"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span> $3,666<sup id="cite_ref-imf2_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imf2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)_per_capita&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita (jani likusangika yayi)">126th</a>)</td> </tr><tr> <td colspan="2"><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gini_coefficient&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gini coefficient (jani likusangika yayi)">Gini</a></b> (2017)</td><td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Negative increase"><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 41.6<sup id="cite_ref-cia-gini_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cia-gini-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="color:orange">medium</span></span></td> </tr><tr> <td colspan="2"><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Human_Development_Index&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Human Development Index (jani likusangika yayi)">HDI</a></b> (2021)</td><td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.509<sup id="cite_ref-UNHDR_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNHDR-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="color:red">low</span></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_countries_by_Human_Development_Index&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of countries by Human Development Index (jani likusangika yayi)">171st</a></td> </tr><tr> <th colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;"> Ndalama</th> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Djiboutian_franc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Djiboutian franc (jani likusangika yayi)">Djiboutian franc</a> (<code><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISO_4217&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISO 4217 (jani likusangika yayi)">DJF</a></code>)</td> </tr><tr> <th colspan="2">Mtundu Wanyengo</th> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Africa_Time&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="East Africa Time (jani likusangika yayi)">EAT</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap;">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Coordinated_Universal_Time&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coordinated Universal Time (jani likusangika yayi)">UTC</a>+3)</span></td> </tr><tr> <th colspan="2">Woko la galimoto</th> <td>right</td> </tr><tr> <th colspan="2">Intaneti yacharu</th> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=.dj&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".dj (jani likusangika yayi)">.dj</a></td> </tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Djibouti</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>lower-alpha 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> mwalamulo <b>Charu cha Djibouti</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>lower-alpha 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ni chalo icho chili ku mphanji ya <a href="/wiki/Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="Africa">Africa</a>, icho chili kufupi na <a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>lower-alpha 3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> kumwera kukaŵa <a href="/wiki/Etiyopiya" class="mw-redirect" title="Etiyopiya">Etiyopiya</a>, kumwera kumanjiliro gha dazi, kumpoto <a href="/wiki/Eritrea" title="Eritrea">Eritrea</a>, kumafumiro gha dazi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nyanja_Yiswesi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nyanja Yiswesi (jani likusangika yayi)">Nyanja Yiswesi</a> na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gulf_of_Aden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gulf of Aden (jani likusangika yayi)">Gulf of Aden</a>. Charu ichi chili na malo ghakukwana 23,200 km2 (8,958 sq mi).<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kale, chigaŵa ichi pamoza na <a href="/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a>, Eritrea na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Somaliland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Somaliland (jani likusangika yayi)">Somaliland</a>, vikaŵa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chiga%C5%B5a_cha_Punt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chigaŵa cha Punt (jani likusangika yayi)">chigaŵa cha Punt</a>. Ku Zeila, uko sono ni Somaliland, ndiko kukaŵa ufumu wa Adal na Ifat. Kuumaliro wa vyaka vya m'ma 1800, boma la French Somaliland likakhazikiskika pamanyuma pakuti mafumu gha Dir Somali ghasayina phangano na ŵa French, <sup id="cite_ref-Uwechue_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Uwechue-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>ndipo njanji iyo yikafika ku Dire Dawa (ndipo pamanyuma Addis Ababa) yikamovwira kuti wasinthe Zeila kuŵa dowoko la kumwera kwa Ethiopia na Ogaden.<sup id="cite_ref-EB_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-Apcoatf_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Apcoatf-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_Somaliland_Hist_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911_Somaliland_Hist-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>Mu 1967, chigaŵa ichi chikachemeka French Territory of the Afars and the Issas. Pakati pajumpha vyaka 10, ŵanthu ŵa ku Djibouti ŵakavota kuti ŵajiyimire ŵekha. Ici cikaŵa cimanyikwiro cakuti caru ca Djibouti, ico cikacemeka Djibouti Republic, cikaŵa na msumba ukuru. Boma liphya ili likaŵa mu wupu wa United Nations.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kukwambilira kwa vyaka vya m'ma 1990, masuzgo agho ghakaŵapo chifukwa cha umo boma likimiranga ŵanthu ghakachitiska kuti paŵe nkhondo.<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Charu cha Djibouti chili na ŵanthu ŵakujumpha 920,000. Viyowoyero viŵiri vyakuzomerezgeka ni Chifurenchi na Chiarabic, ndipo viyowoyero vya boma ni Afar na Chisamaliya. Pafupifupi 94% ya ŵanthu ŵa ku Djibouti ŵakulondezga chisopa cha Chisilamu, icho ntchisopa cha boma ndipo chakhalako kwa vyaka vyakujumpha 1,000. Ŵanthu ŵa mitundu iyi mbanandi chomene. Vyose viŵiri vikuyowoya ciyowoyero ca ku Cushitic.<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Djibouti wali pafupi na misewu yinandi iyo ŵanthu ŵakwendamo mu nyanja, ndipo wakwendamo mu Nyanja Yiswesi na mu Nyanja ya Indian. Ni malo ghakupelekerapo mafuta ku ŵanthu ŵa ku Ethiopia. Ku caru ici kuli maofesi gha ŵasilikari ŵa vyaru vinyake. Wupu wa Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) uli na ofesi yake mu msumba wa Djibouti.<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zina">Zina</h2></div> <p>Djibouti wakucemeka kuti Republic of Djibouti. Mu viyowoyero vya ku malo agha ŵakuchemeka Yibuuti (mu Afar) na Jabuuti (mu Somali). </p><p>Charu ichi chili na msumba ukuru wa Djibouti. Ŵanthu ŵakususkana na zina ili. Pali vigomezgo vinandi vyakukhwaskana na umo likambira, ndipo vikupambana kuyana na mtundu. Ŵanthu ŵanyake ŵakuti lizgu ili lili kufuma ku lizgu lakuti gabouti, ilo likung'anamura "chiphikiro". Linyake likuyowoya kuti lizgu ili likung'anamura "phiri". Djibouti wangang'anamuraso kuti "Charu cha Tehuti" panji "Charu cha Thoth" (Chieguputo: Djehuti/ Djehuty), kufuma pa zina la chiuta wa mwezi wa ku Eguputo.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kufuma mu 1862 m'paka mu 1894, charu icho chikaŵa kumpoto kwa Mlonga wa Tadjoura chikachemekanga "Obock". Ku France, kufuma mu 1883 m'paka mu 1967, malo agha ghakachemekanga French Somaliland (French) ndipo kufuma mu 1967 m'paka mu 1977 ghakachemekanga French Territory of the Afars and the Issas (French). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mbili">Mbili</h2></div> <div class="rellink relarticle mainarticle">Nkhani ikulu: <a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_Djibouti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="History of Djibouti (jani likusangika yayi)">History of Djibouti</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prehistory">Prehistory</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pottery_of_Asa_Koma.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Pottery_of_Asa_Koma.JPG/170px-Pottery_of_Asa_Koma.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Pottery_of_Asa_Koma.JPG/255px-Pottery_of_Asa_Koma.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Pottery_of_Asa_Koma.JPG/340px-Pottery_of_Asa_Koma.JPG 2x" data-file-width="612" data-file-height="766" /></a><figcaption>Geometric design pottery found in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Asa_Koma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asa Koma (jani likusangika yayi)">Asa Koma</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Chigaŵa cha Bab-el-Mandeb kanandi chikuwoneka nga ni malo agho ŵanthu ŵakwambilira ŵakendangamo kufuma ku East Africa kuluta ku South na Southeast Asia. </p><p>Ŵanthu ŵakukhala mu chigaŵa cha Djibouti kwamba mu nyengo ya Neolithic. Ŵanthu awo ŵakumanya vya viyowoyero ŵakayowoya kuti ŵanthu ŵakwambilira awo ŵakayowoyanga viyowoyero vya ku Africa na Asia ŵakafika mu chigaŵa ichi kufuma ku chigaŵa icho ŵanthu aŵa ŵakakhalanga mu Dambo la Nayelo. Ŵasayansi ŵanyake ŵakuti ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Afroasiatic ŵakamba kukhala ku Horn of Africa, ndipo ŵanthu awo ŵakayowoyanga chiyowoyero ichi ŵakamba kugaluka kufuma kura.<sup id="cite_ref-Blench143144_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Blench143144-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mu chigaŵa cha nyanja ya Abbe muli malibwe agho ghali na vyaka pafupifupi 3 miliyoni. Mu chipalamba cha Gobaad (pakati pa Dikhil na Nyanja ya Abbe), ŵakasangaso visomba vya njovu ya Palaeoloxodon recki, iyo ŵakayiphyera na visulo vya basalt ivyo vikaŵa pafupi. Vinthu ivi vikaŵako vyaka 1.4 miliyoni pambere Yesu wandize pa charu chapasi. Pamanyuma, malo ghanyake ghakuyana waka ghakasangika kuti ghakalembeka na munthu munyake zina lake Homo ergaster. Malo gha ku Acheulean (kwambira vyaka 800,000 m'paka 400,000 B.C.E.), uko ŵakaŵikangapo malibwe, ŵakaghasanga mu 1990, ku Gombourta, pakati pa Damerdjog na Loyada, 15 km kumwera kwa Djibouti City. Paumaliro, ku Gobaad, ŵakasanga chiwangwa cha Homo erectus, icho chili na vyaka 100,000 B.C.E. Pa Chirwa cha Dyabulosi ŵakasanga vinthu ivyo vikaŵa vyaka 6,000 kumasinda, ivyo ŵakagwiliskiranga ntchito pakujura visulo. Mu cigaŵa ico cili musi mwa Goubet (Dankalélo, kufupi na Cirwa ca Dyabulosi), ŵakabowozgaso malibwe ghakuzingilizga na vizwazwa vya dongo. Ŵasayansi ŵanyake ŵakayowoyapo kuti mu chipalamba cha Dagadlé Wadi mukaŵa chiwangwa icho ŵakaghanaghananga kuti chikaŵa cha ŵanthu ŵachekuru chomene. </p><p>Vithuzithuzi vya mu miyala ya mu nyengo yakale na madindi mu Djibouti </p><p>Vinthu vya dongo ivyo vikaŵako pambere chaka cha 2000 chindafike vikusangika ku Asa Koma, chigaŵa cha nyanja mu Gobaad Plain. Vinthu vya ku malo agha vili na viphikiro vyakupambanapambana ivyo vikuyana na vya ku Malayiba, kumwera kwa Arabia.<sup id="cite_ref-Ohvah_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ohvah-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Viwangwa vya ng'ombe zambura masengwe vikusangikaso ku Asa Koma, kulongora kuti ng'ombe zikaŵako vyaka 3,500 ivyo vyajumpha. Mu Dorra na Balho muli malibwe agho ghakulongora nga ni mphumphi na kaŵeruŵeru. Ku Handoga, uko kukalembeka kuti kukaŵako mu vyaka vya m'ma 2000 B.C.E., kukaŵa viswaswa vya obsidian na vinthu vinyake ivyo ŵanthu ŵakagwiliskiranga ntchito.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Malo gha Wakrita ni malo ghachoko gha mu nyengo ya Neolithic agho ghali pa wadi mu malo gha Gobaad ku Djibouti mu Horn of Africa. Mu 2005, ŵakabowozga vinthu vinandi vya ku malo agha ivyo vikatovwira kuti timanye umo vinthu vikaŵira mu nyengo ya Neolithic. Viŵeto ivi vikulongora kuti somba zikaŵa zakuzirwa chomene mu nyengo ya Neolithic kufupi na nyanja ya Abbé, kweniso kuti viŵeto vya ng'ombe vikaŵa vyakuzirwa. Ivyo ŵanthu ŵakulemba na munkhwala wakuchemeka radiocarbon vikulongora kuti ntchito iyi yikachitika mu vyaka vya m'ma 2000 B.C.E., nga umo vikaŵira na Asa Koma. Malo ghaŵiri agha ndigho ghakulongora kuti ŵanthu ŵakaliskanga viŵeto mu chigaŵa ichi. </p><p>M'ma 4000 B.C.E., malo agha ghakaŵa na nyengo yakupambana chomene na iyo tikumanya mazuŵa ghano. Ku Gobaad kukaŵa nyanja zinandi, Assal na Abbé zikaŵa zikuru ndipo zikawonekanga nga ni maji. Ntheura ŵanthu ŵakakhalanga mwa kuvuna, kukora somba, na kuvina. Mu chigaŵa ichi mukaŵa viŵeto vinandi: viyuni vyakofya nga ni viyuni vyamuthengere, viyuni vyamuthengere, zovu, viyuni vyamuthengere, na vinyake. Mu vyaka vya m'ma 2000 na 2000 B.C.E., ŵanthu ŵachoko waka awo ŵakakhalanga mu nyanja iyi ŵakaloŵanga somba na kuliska viŵeto. Ŵakasanga dindi la mwanakazi wa vyaka 18, kweniso viwangwa vya vinyama, vinthu vya viwangwa, na majuda. Pafupifupi mu 1500 B.C.E., nyengo yikamba kusintha ndipo maji ghakamba kusoŵa. Pa vithuzithuzi ivi pali vinyama vyakuchemeka dromedaries (vyamoyo ivyo vikukhala mu vyaru vyakomira). Ŵanthu awo ŵakakhalanga mwakufwasa ŵakawelera ku umoyo wa kusama. Mu malo ghose agha ŵali kusanga malibwe ghakupambanapambana na madindi agho ghakazengeka mu nyengo iyi. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Punt_(2,500_BCE)"><span id="Punt_.282.2C500_BCE.29"></span>Punt (2,500 BCE)</h3></div> <div class="rellink relarticle mainarticle">Nkhani ikulu: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Land_of_Punt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Land of Punt (jani likusangika yayi)">Land of Punt</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r33382"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Wonani vinandi: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kingdom_of_Aksum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kingdom of Aksum (jani likusangika yayi)">Kingdom of Aksum</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Queen_of_punt.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Queen_of_punt.jpg" decoding="async" width="154" height="246" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="246" /></a><figcaption>Queen Ati, wife of King Perahu of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Land_of_Punt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Land of Punt (jani likusangika yayi)">Punt</a>, as depicted on Pharaoh <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hatshepsut&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hatshepsut (jani likusangika yayi)">Hatshepsut</a>'s temple at <a href="/w/index.php?title=Deir_el-Bahri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deir el-Bahri (jani likusangika yayi)">Deir el-Bahri</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Pamoza na kumpoto kwa Etiyopiya, Somaliland, Eritrea, na mphepete mwa Nyanja Yiswesi ku Sudan, Djibouti ndiyo yikaŵa malo agho Ŵagiriki ŵakachemanga kuti Punt (panji Ta Netjeru, kung'anamura "Charu cha Chiuta"). Malo ghakwambilira agho ghakuzunulika kuti ni Punt ghakaŵako mu vyaka vya m'ma 2000 B.C.E. Ŵanthu ŵa ku Punt ŵakaŵa mtundu uwo ukaŵa paubwezi wakukhora na Eguputo mu nyengo ya muwuso wa Farawo Sahure wa muwuso wa nambara 5 na wa Hatshepsut wa muwuso wa nambara 18. Kuyana na vithuzithuzi ivyo vili pa tempile la Deir el-Bahari, caru ca Punt cikawusikanga na Fumu Parahu na Fumukazi Ati.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Macrobians_(247_BCE)"><span id="Macrobians_.28247_BCE.29"></span>Macrobians (247 BCE)</h3></div> <p>Ŵanthu ŵa Macrobians (Μακροβίοι) ŵakaŵa ŵanthu ŵakumanyikwa na ufumu uwo ukaŵa ku Horn of Africa. Ŵanyake awo ŵakalembako Baibolo pamanyuma (pakuti Pliny wakalemba mu buku la Ctesias lakuti Indika) ŵakalemba kuti mabuku agha ghakalembeka ku India. Ŵanthu aŵa ŵakaŵa ku mphelerekezgo za charu (kuyana na umo Ŵagiriki ŵakawoneranga), ndipo ŵakakhalanga kumwera chomene. Zina ili ŵakulisanga cifukwa cakuti ŵanthu ŵakukhala vyaka vinandi comene. Ŵakaŵa "ŵanalume ŵatali na ŵakutowa comene". Herodotus wakayowoya kuti Themba la ku Peresiya, Cambyses II, likati lakora Eguputo (525 B.C.E.), likatuma mathenga ku Makroba kuti ghazakamupe vyawanangwa vinandi. Fumu ya ku Macrobiya, iyo yikasoleka cifukwa ca msinkhu wake, yikamuzgora na suzgo kwa mfumu wake wa ku Peresiya mu nthowa ya uta: Usange Ŵaperesiya ŵangakwaniska kuwukoma, ŵangaŵa na wanangwa wa kuwukira caru cake; kweni m'paka nyengo iyo, ŵakwenera kuwonga ŵachiuta cifukwa cakuti Macrobiya ŵakakana kuwukira ufumu wawo.<sup id="cite_ref-Wheeler_pg_526_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wheeler_pg_526-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kitto2_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kitto2-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Adal_Kingdom.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Adal_Kingdom.png/170px-Adal_Kingdom.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Adal_Kingdom.png/255px-Adal_Kingdom.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Adal_Kingdom.png/340px-Adal_Kingdom.png 2x" data-file-width="1153" data-file-height="1166" /></a><figcaption>Approximate extension of the Kingdom of Adal</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kingdom_of_Adal_(900–1285)"><span id="Kingdom_of_Adal_.28900.E2.80.931285.29"></span>Kingdom of Adal (900–1285)</h3></div> <p>Ufumu wa Adal (uwo ukuchemekaso Awdal, Adl, panji Adel) ukaŵa kuzingilizga msumba ukuru wa Zeila.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Msumba uwu ukazengeka na mafuko gha ku Somalia mu vyaka vya m'ma 800 C.E. Msumba wa Zeila ukakopanga ŵamalonda ŵakufuma mu vyaru vyakupambanapambana. Zeila ni msumba wakale comene ndipo ukaŵa umoza mwa misumba yakwambilira comene pa caru cose iyo yikazomera cisopa ca Ciisilamu, pamanyuma pa hijra. Masjid al-Qiblatayn wa ku Zeila, uyo uli na vipata viŵiri, wali kuzengeka mu vyaka vya m'ma 700 C.E.<sup id="cite_ref-Btgpb_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Btgpb-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Historical_sources_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Historical_sources-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Somalia_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Somalia-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kuumaliro wa vyaka vya m'ma 900 C.E., Al-Yaqubi, uyo wakaŵa msambiri wa Chisilamu kweniso wakwendakwenda wakalemba kuti Ufumu wa Adal ukaŵa ufumu uchoko ndipo ukaŵa na ŵanthu ŵanandi.<sup id="cite_ref-Encyamer1_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Encyamer1-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Lewispohoa_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lewispohoa-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ifat_Sultanate_(1285–1415)"><span id="Ifat_Sultanate_.281285.E2.80.931415.29"></span>Ifat Sultanate (1285–1415)</h3></div> <div class="rellink relarticle mainarticle">Nkhani ikulu: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ifat_Sultanate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ifat Sultanate (jani likusangika yayi)">Ifat Sultanate</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Sultanate_of_Ifat.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/The_Sultanate_of_Ifat.png/220px-The_Sultanate_of_Ifat.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/The_Sultanate_of_Ifat.png/330px-The_Sultanate_of_Ifat.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/The_Sultanate_of_Ifat.png/440px-The_Sultanate_of_Ifat.png 2x" data-file-width="3527" data-file-height="3503" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ifat_Sultanate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ifat Sultanate (jani likusangika yayi)">Ifat Sultanate</a>'s realm in the 14th century</figcaption></figure> <p>Ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Somali na Afar awo ŵakakhalanga ku chigaŵa ichi, ŵakaŵa ŵakwamba kuzomera Chisilamu. Ufumu wa Ifat ukaŵa ufumu wa Ŵasilamu wa ku Middle Ages ku Horn of Africa. Likakhazikiskika mu 1285 na muwuso wa Walashma.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ifat wakazenga misasa mu Djibouti na Somaliland, ndipo kufuma kura wakaluta kumwera ku mapiri gha Ahmar. Sultan Umar Walashma (panji mwana wake Ali, kuyana na buku linyake) wakathereska Shewa mu 1285. Taddesse Tamrat wakalongosora kuti ulendo wa ŵasilikari wa Sultan Umar ukaŵa wa kukhozga malo gha Ŵasilamu ku Horn, nga umo Themba Yekuno Amlak likayezgera kukhozga malo gha Ŵakhristu mu vigaŵa vya mapiri mu nyengo yeneyiyi. Vyaru viŵiri ivi vikamba kulimbana cifukwa ca Shewa na vigaŵa vinyake kumwera. Nkhondo yitali yikacitika, kweni mafumu gha Cisilamu gha nyengo yira ghakakolerana yayi. Paumaliro Ifat wakathereskeka na Amda Seyon I wa ku Ethiopia mu 1332, ndipo wakafumako ku Shewa. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Adal_Sultanate_(1415–1577)"><span id="Adal_Sultanate_.281415.E2.80.931577.29"></span>Adal Sultanate (1415–1577)</h3></div> <div class="rellink relarticle mainarticle">Nkhani ikulu: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Adal_Sultanate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adal Sultanate (jani likusangika yayi)">Adal Sultanate</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:YagbeaSionBattlingAdaSultan.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/YagbeaSionBattlingAdaSultan.JPG/220px-YagbeaSionBattlingAdaSultan.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/YagbeaSionBattlingAdaSultan.JPG/330px-YagbeaSionBattlingAdaSultan.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/YagbeaSionBattlingAdaSultan.JPG/440px-YagbeaSionBattlingAdaSultan.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2379" data-file-height="1524" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Adal_Sultanate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adal Sultanate (jani likusangika yayi)">Sultan of Adal</a> (right) and his troops battling King <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yagbe%27u_Seyon_of_Ethiopia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yagbe'u Seyon of Ethiopia (jani likusangika yayi)">Yagbea-Sion</a> and his men</figcaption></figure> <p>Munthu munyake uyo wakalembako mabuku mu vyaka vya m'ma 1500, zina lake Leo Africanus, wakati ufumu wa Adal ukaŵa pakati pa Bab el Mandeb na Cape Guardafui. Ntheura kumwera kukaŵa Ufumu wa Ajuran (Ufumu wa Ajuuran) ndipo kumanjiliro gha dazi kukaŵa Ufumu wa Abyssinian (Ufumu wa Abbassin).<sup id="cite_ref-Leo_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Leo-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Michigan_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Michigan-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Adal wakuzunulika mu zina mu vyaka vya m'ma 1400 apo Ŵasilamu ŵa ku Somali na Afar ŵakakumananga na ŵasilikari ŵa Themba Amda Seyon la ku Abyssinia.<sup id="cite_ref-Houtsma_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Houtsma-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pakwamba Adal wakaŵa na msumba wa Zeila, uwo ukaŵa ku chigaŵa cha Awdal. Pa nyengo iyo, boma ili likaŵa la Ifat Sultanate ilo likawusikanga na muwuso wa Walashma. Kuyana na I.M. Ku malo agha kukaŵa ŵanthu ŵa mafuko gha Afarized Arabs panji Arabized Somalis, awo ŵakalongozgaso boma la Mogadishu ilo likaŵa kumwera kwa charu ichi. Kwambira apo Adal wakambira, ŵanthu ŵakamba kurwa nkhondo zinandi na Abisinia. Pa nyengo iyo ufumu wa Adal ukaŵa wankhongono comene, ukaŵa na mazaza pa vigaŵa vinandi vya Djibouti, Somaliland, Eritrea, na Ethiopia. Pakati pa msumba wa Djibouti na Loyada pali mapale ghanandi gha ŵanthu. Vinthu ivi vikaŵa na malaro agho ghakaŵa nga ni mphingilizgo ndipo ghakaŵanga na malata ghatali. Malibwe gha Djibouti-Loyada ghakumanyikwa yayi apo ghakaŵirako, ndipo ghanyake ghali na chimanyikwiro chakuŵa nga ni T. Kweniso ŵakufukura vinthu vyakale ku Tiya ŵali kusanga madindi. Kuzakafika mu 1997, ku malo agha kukaŵa malibwe ghakukwana 118. Ŵanthu ŵa mu chigaŵa ichi ŵakumanya kuti mapale agha ni Yegragn Dingay panji "libwe la Abuya", chifukwa cha Imam Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi (Ahmad "Gurey" panji "Gran"), muwusi wa Adal Sultanate.<sup id="cite_ref-Fukui_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fukui-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ottoman_Eyalet_(1577–1867)"><span id="Ottoman_Eyalet_.281577.E2.80.931867.29"></span>Ottoman Eyalet (1577–1867)</h3></div> <div class="rellink relarticle mainarticle">Nkhani ikulu: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Egypt_Eyalet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Egypt Eyalet (jani likusangika yayi)">Egypt Eyalet</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:OttomanEmpire1566.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/OttomanEmpire1566.png/220px-OttomanEmpire1566.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/OttomanEmpire1566.png/330px-OttomanEmpire1566.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/OttomanEmpire1566.png/440px-OttomanEmpire1566.png 2x" data-file-width="3596" data-file-height="2581" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Egypt_Eyalet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Egypt Eyalet (jani likusangika yayi)">Ottoman Eyalet</a> in 1566</figcaption></figure> <p>Nangauli mu 1577, pakati pa 1821 na 1841, Muhammad Ali, Pasha wa ku Eguputo, wakawusa Yemen, Harar, Gulf of Tadjoura pamoza na Zeila na Berbera. Kazembe Abou Baker wakalangura ŵasilikari ŵa ku Sagallo kuti ŵafumemo mu msumba wa Zeila. Cingalaŵa ca Seignelay cikafika ku Sagallo pamanyuma pakuti Ŵaegupto ŵafumako. Ŵasilikari ŵa ku France ŵakakora linga la msumba uwu nangauli mulara wa ŵasilikari ŵa ku Britain, Frederick Mercer Hunter, wakadandawura.<sup id="cite_ref-awdalpress.com_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-awdalpress.com-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pa Epulero 14, 1884, mulongozgi wa boti la L'Inferent wakaphara za nkhondo iyo yikaŵa mukati mwa nyanja ya Tadjoura. Mulara wa boti la Le Vaudreuil wakapharazga kuti Ŵaeguputo ŵakunjira mu vigaŵa vya mukati mwa caru pakati pa Obock na Tadjoura. Fumu Yohannes IV ya ku Ethiopia yikalemba phangano na Britain kuti ŵaleke kurwa nkhondo na Ŵaeguputo na kuzomerezga kuti ŵasilikari ŵa Eguputo ŵafumemo mu Ethiopia na ku Somaliland. Ŵasilikari ŵa Eguputo ŵakafumako ku Tadjoura. Usiku wakulondezgapo, Léonce Lagarde wakatumizga boti lakunjilira ku Tadjoura. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="French_rule_(1883–1977)"><span id="French_rule_.281883.E2.80.931977.29"></span>French rule (1883–1977)</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Carte_de_la_c%C3%B4te_fran%C3%A7aise_(...)Meunier_Alexandre_btv1b53062311r_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Carte_de_la_c%C3%B4te_fran%C3%A7aise_%28...%29Meunier_Alexandre_btv1b53062311r_1.jpg/220px-Carte_de_la_c%C3%B4te_fran%C3%A7aise_%28...%29Meunier_Alexandre_btv1b53062311r_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Carte_de_la_c%C3%B4te_fran%C3%A7aise_%28...%29Meunier_Alexandre_btv1b53062311r_1.jpg/330px-Carte_de_la_c%C3%B4te_fran%C3%A7aise_%28...%29Meunier_Alexandre_btv1b53062311r_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Carte_de_la_c%C3%B4te_fran%C3%A7aise_%28...%29Meunier_Alexandre_btv1b53062311r_1.jpg/440px-Carte_de_la_c%C3%B4te_fran%C3%A7aise_%28...%29Meunier_Alexandre_btv1b53062311r_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1399" data-file-height="1054" /></a><figcaption>Map of the French Somali Coast and neighboring regions in 1870</figcaption></figure> <div class="rellink relarticle mainarticle">Nkhani ikulu: <a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Somaliland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="French Somaliland (jani likusangika yayi)">French Somaliland</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Territory_of_the_Afars_and_the_Issas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="French Territory of the Afars and the Issas (jani likusangika yayi)">French Territory of the Afars and the Issas</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:A-demonstration-in-Djibouti-Africa-1967-352022097779_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/A-demonstration-in-Djibouti-Africa-1967-352022097779_%28cropped%29.jpg/170px-A-demonstration-in-Djibouti-Africa-1967-352022097779_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="214" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/A-demonstration-in-Djibouti-Africa-1967-352022097779_%28cropped%29.jpg/255px-A-demonstration-in-Djibouti-Africa-1967-352022097779_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/A-demonstration-in-Djibouti-Africa-1967-352022097779_%28cropped%29.jpg/340px-A-demonstration-in-Djibouti-Africa-1967-352022097779_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="515" /></a><figcaption>Referendum demonstration in Djibouti in 1967</figcaption></figure> <p>Malire gha charu cha Djibouti ghakaŵako apo France yikamba kukhazikika mu Africa. Pa Malichi 11, 1862, themba la Afar, Raieta Dini Ahmet, likasaina phangano ku Paris. Ŵafarisi ŵakakhumbanga kuti paŵe malo ghakugwilira nchito ngalaŵa zakwenda na mphepo. (Kufika pa nyengo iyi, ngaraŵa za ku France zikaguranga malasha mu dowoko la Britain la Aden, ilo likaŵa ku sirya linyake la nyanja. Pamanyuma, kazembe wa sitima ya Fleuriot de Langle wakagwiliskira nchito phangano ili kuti wakhazikike kumwera kwa Gulf of Tadjoura. Pa Malichi 26, 1885, ŵa French ŵakasainapo phangano linyake na ŵa Issas apo ŵa Issas ŵakeneranga kuŵa pasi pa ŵa French, pakaŵavya kusinthana ndalama ndipo fuko la Issa likapeleka yayi wanangwa wawo pa malo agha, phangano ili likaŵa lakuti Ŵagadebuursi, awo ŵakasuskanga ŵa French, na ŵa Isaaq ŵafumemo mu charu ichi na wovwiri wa ŵa French.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Likakhazikiskika pakati pa 1883 na 1887, pamanyuma pakuti mafumu gha ku Somalia na Afar ghalemba phangano na ŵa ku France.<sup id="cite_ref-Chisholm_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chisholm-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Uwechue_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Uwechue-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Apcoatf_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Apcoatf-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mu 1889, Nikolay Ivanovitch Achinov, uyo wakaŵa mulendo wa ku Russia, wakayezga kukhazikika ku Sagallo, kweni ŵasilikari ŵa ku France ŵakamukanizga. Mu 1894, Léonce Lagarde wakambiska boma la France mu msumba wa Djibouti ndipo wakawuthya French Somaliland. Nga ni umo tawonera mu "Morin" (2005), zina ili likapelekeka na Mohamed Haji Dide wa gulu la Gadabuursi la Mahad 'Ase. Chikatora nyengo yitali kufuma mu 1896 m'paka mu 1967, apo chikachemekaso kuti Territoire Français des Afars et des Issas (TFAI) ("French Territory of the Afars and the Issas"), pamanyuma pakuti France, ufumu wa atsamunda, wapeleka mazaza ku fuko la Issas. Kuzenga njanji ya Imperial Ethiopian Railway kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Ethiopia kukapangiska kuti dowoko la Djibouti liŵe tawuni ya ŵanthu 15,000 mu nyengo iyo Harar ndiyo yikaŵa msumba wekha mu Ethiopia uwo ukaŵa na ŵanthu ŵakujumpha 15,000.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:General_Le_Gentilhomme_Djibouti.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/General_Le_Gentilhomme_Djibouti.jpg/220px-General_Le_Gentilhomme_Djibouti.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/General_Le_Gentilhomme_Djibouti.jpg/330px-General_Le_Gentilhomme_Djibouti.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/General_Le_Gentilhomme_Djibouti.jpg/440px-General_Le_Gentilhomme_Djibouti.jpg 2x" data-file-width="894" data-file-height="476" /></a><figcaption>General <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Legentilhomme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul Legentilhomme (jani likusangika yayi)">Paul Legentilhomme</a> in <a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Somaliland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="French Somaliland (jani likusangika yayi)">French Somaliland</a>, 1939 or 1940</figcaption></figure> <p>Nangauli ŵanthu ŵakakhalanga pachokopachoko chifukwa cha njanji iyo yikafika ku Dire Dawa, ndipo kampani yakwamba yikaleka kugwira ntchito ndipo yikakhumbikwiranga wovwiri wa boma, kweni njanji iyi yikawovwira kuti chigaŵa ichi chileke kwendera ŵanthu awo ŵakendanga mu magalimoto gha pa Zeila (mu chigaŵa cha Somaliland icho chikaŵa pasi pa Britain) ndipo chikazgoka dowoko likuru la khofi na katundu munyake uyo wakafumanga kumwera kwa Ethiopia na Ogaden kwizira ku Harar. </p><p>Pamanyuma pa kuwukira kwa Italy na kuwukira Ethiopia pakati pa ma 1930, kukaŵa nkhondo pakati pa ŵasilikari ŵa France mu French Somaliland na ŵasilikari ŵa Italy mu Italy East Africa. Mu Juni 1940, apo Nkhondo Yachiŵiri ya Caru Cose yikambanga, caru ca France cikaparanyika ndipo boma la Vichy (French) ilo likaŵa ku chigaŵa ca Axis likamba kuwusa caru ici. </p><p>Ŵasilikari ŵa Britain na ŵa Commonwealth ŵakarwa nkhondo na ŵa Italiya mu nyengo ya Nkhondo ya ku East Africa. Mu 1941, ŵa Italiya ŵakathereskeka ndipo ŵasilikari ŵa Vichy mu French Somaliland ŵakakhala kwaŵekha. Boma la Vichy likalutilira kulamulira mu caru ici kwa vilimika vinandi comene. Pakuzgora, ŵa ku Britain ŵakajara dowoko la Djibouti City, kweni ici cikamutondeska yayi ŵa ku France awo ŵakakhalanga ku malo agha kuti ŵaleke kuŵaphalira vya sitima izo zikendanga. Mu 1942, ŵasilikari ŵa Britain pafupifupi 4,000 ŵakakora msumba uwu. Gulu la ŵasilikari ŵa ku French Somaliland likapokelera ŵanthu ŵa ku Paris mu 1944. </p><p> Mu 1958, pambere charu cha Somalia chindambe kujiwusa chekha mu 1960, ku Djibouti kukachitika referendum. Pa ungano uwu, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakakolerana na fundo yakuti ŵaŵe ŵamoza na France. Pakaŵaso ŵanthu ŵanyake awo ŵakayowoya kuti pa mavoti pakaŵa upusikizgi. Ŵanandi awo ŵakazomera yayi ŵakaŵa ŵa ku Somalia awo ŵakakolerana comene na fundo ya umo boma la Somalia lingakhalira pamoza, nga umo Mahmoud Harbi, wachiŵiri wa pulezidenti wa boma wakacitira. Harbi wakafwa pa ngozi ya ndege vyaka viŵiri pamanyuma pake mu malo ghakukayikiska.<sup id="cite_ref-Barrington2006_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barrington2006-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:An_aerial_view_of_Djibouti_City.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/An_aerial_view_of_Djibouti_City.jpg/220px-An_aerial_view_of_Djibouti_City.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/An_aerial_view_of_Djibouti_City.jpg/330px-An_aerial_view_of_Djibouti_City.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/An_aerial_view_of_Djibouti_City.jpg/440px-An_aerial_view_of_Djibouti_City.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="540" /></a><figcaption>An aerial view of <a href="/wiki/Djibouti_(city)" title="Djibouti (city)">Djibouti City</a>, the capital of Djibouti</figcaption></figure> <p>Mu 1966, caru ca France cikakana ivyo wupu wa United Nations ukayowoya vyakuti caru ca French Somaliland ciŵe na wanangwa wakuwusama. Mu Ogasiti wa chaka chenechicho, Charles de Gaulle, pulezidenti wa ku France, wakaluta ku malo agha. Pakuzgora, De Gaulle wakalangura kuti paŵe phangano linyake. </p><p> Mu 1967, pakaŵaso maungano ghaciŵiri kuti ŵamanye ivyo vicitikirenge caru ici. Ivyo vikachitika pakwamba vikalongora kuti ŵakalutilira kukolerana na France. Ŵanthu ŵa ku Somalia ŵakagaŵikana chifukwa cha mitundu yawo. Ŵanyake ŵakazomerezga kuti boma la Somalia liŵe na wanangwa wa kujimira. Pa nyengo iyi, ŵanthu ŵakakondwa yayi na ivyo boma la France likayowoya. Pakati pajumpha nyengo yichoko waka, chigaŵa icho kale chikachemekanga Côte française des Somalis (French Somaliland) chikasintha zina kuŵa Territoire français des Afars et des Issas. Ŵakati ŵapharazga ivyo vikachitika, pakawuka vivulupi ndipo ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakafwa. France nayo wakasazgirako ŵasilikari ŵake pa m'paka.<sup id="cite_ref-Tioipeami_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tioipeami-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Front_de_Lib%C3%A9ration_de_la_C%C3%B4te_des_Somalis_Symbol.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fd/Front_de_Lib%C3%A9ration_de_la_C%C3%B4te_des_Somalis_Symbol.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="226" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="226" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Front_de_Lib%C3%A9ration_de_la_C%C3%B4te_des_Somalis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Front de Libération de la Côte des Somalis (jani likusangika yayi)">Front de Libération de la Côte des Somalis (FLCS)</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Mu vyaka vya m'ma 1960, gulu la Front for the Liberation of the Somali Coast (FLCS) ndilo likalongozganga nkhondo iyi. Gulu la FLCS likendeskanga maofesi gha ku French Somaliland kufuma ku Somalia na Ethiopia. Pa Malichi 24, 1975, gulu la Front de Libération de la Côte des Somalis likakora Jean Guery, kazembe wa France ku Somalia, kuti ŵamusinthane na ŵanthu ŵaŵiri awo ŵakaŵa mu gulu la FLCS. Wakasinthika na ŵa FLCS ŵaŵiri mu Aden, South Yemen. Wupu wa African Unity (OAU) ndiwo ukazomerezga kuti FLCS ni gulu lakuvikilira ŵanthu. Gulu la FLCS likapempha kuti charu ichi chiŵe na boma la Somalia panji kuti chiŵe na wanangwa wa kujilongozga. Mu 1975, African People's League for the Independence (LPAI) na FLCS ŵakakumana ku Kampala, Uganda ndipo pamanyuma pa maungano ghanandi ŵakasankha nthowa yakujiyimira pawekha, ndipo ivi vikapangiska kuti vinthu viŵe makora yayi ku Somalia. </p><p>Mu 1976, ŵanthu ŵa gulu la Front de Libération de la Côte des Somalis ilo likakhumbanga kuti Djibouti wapoke wanangwa kufuma ku France, ŵakakumana na gulu la Gendarmerie Nationale Intervention Group cifukwa ca kuba basi iyo yikaŵa pa ulendo wakuya ku Loyada. Ici cikalongora kuti cikaŵa cakusuzga kuti caru ca Djibouti ciŵe na ŵanthu ŵa ku France. Ŵanthu ŵa ku France ŵakaghanaghananga kuti kuŵengeje maungano ghaciŵiri. Ndalama zinandi izo ŵakagwiliskiranga ntchito pakusunga malo agha, ghakaŵa malo ghaumaliro gha ku France pa caru ici.<sup id="cite_ref-Nwvol_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nwvol-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Djibouti_Republic">Djibouti Republic</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ahmed_Dini_Ahmed_proclaiming_the_Djibouti_Declaration_of_Independence_on_27_June_1977.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Ahmed_Dini_Ahmed_proclaiming_the_Djibouti_Declaration_of_Independence_on_27_June_1977.jpg/220px-Ahmed_Dini_Ahmed_proclaiming_the_Djibouti_Declaration_of_Independence_on_27_June_1977.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Ahmed_Dini_Ahmed_proclaiming_the_Djibouti_Declaration_of_Independence_on_27_June_1977.jpg/330px-Ahmed_Dini_Ahmed_proclaiming_the_Djibouti_Declaration_of_Independence_on_27_June_1977.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Ahmed_Dini_Ahmed_proclaiming_the_Djibouti_Declaration_of_Independence_on_27_June_1977.jpg/440px-Ahmed_Dini_Ahmed_proclaiming_the_Djibouti_Declaration_of_Independence_on_27_June_1977.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="732" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ahmed_Dini_Ahmed&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ahmed Dini Ahmed (jani likusangika yayi)">Ahmed Dini Ahmed</a> proclaiming the Djibouti Declaration of Independence on 27 June 1977</figcaption></figure> <p>Pa Meyi 8, 1977, ku France kukacitika ungano waciŵiri wa ŵanthu awo ŵakakhumbanga kuti ŵaŵe ŵakufwatuka. Ma Referendum ghakale ghakaŵako mu 1958 na 1967, ndipo ghakakanira wanangwa wa boma. Pa ungano uwu, ŵanthu ŵakakolerana kuti charu ichi chijipature ku France. Ŵanthu 98.8% ŵakakolerana na fundo yakuti Djibouti yijipature ku France. Hassan Gouled Aptidon, wandale wa Issa (wa fuko la Somaliya) uyo wakachitanga kampeni kuti ŵanthu ŵayowoye kuti enya pa referendum ya 1958, ndiyo wakaŵa pulezidenti wakwamba wa charu ichi (1977-1999).<sup id="cite_ref-Barrington2006_50-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barrington2006-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mu chaka chakwamba, charu cha Djibouti chikaŵa mu wupu wa African Unity (uno ni African Union), Arab League, na United Nations. Mu 1986, caru ici cikaŵaso yumoza wa awo ŵakambiska wupu wa Intergovernmental Authority on Development. Pa nyengo ya Nkhondo ya Ogaden, ŵandyali ŵa ku Issa ŵakaghanaghananga kuti charu cha Djibouti chiŵenge chikuru panji "charu cha Issa". Kweni apo nkhondo yikamaranga, maloto agha ghakamara. </p><p>Kuuyambiro wa vyaka vya m'ma 1990, suzgo la umo boma likimiranga ŵanthu likapangiska kuti paŵe nkhondo pakati pa chipani cha People's Rally for Progress (PRP) icho chili na mazaza mu Djibouti na chipani cha Front for the Restoration of Unity and Democracy (FRUD). Mu 2000, ŵakakolerana kuti ŵagaŵane mazaza. </p><p>Mu Epulero 2021, Ismael Guelleh, Purezidenti wachiwiri wa Djibouti kuyambira pomwe adalandira ufulu kuchokera ku France mu 1977, adasankhidwanso kwa nthawi yake yachisanu.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Politics">Politics</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r33382"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Wonani vinandi: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Politics_of_Djibouti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Politics of Djibouti (jani likusangika yayi)">Politics of Djibouti</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r33382"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Wonaniso: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Elections_in_Djibouti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elections in Djibouti (jani likusangika yayi)">Elections in Djibouti</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Djiboutian_politicians&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of Djiboutian politicians (jani likusangika yayi)">List of Djiboutian politicians</a></div> <p>Charu cha Djibouti chili na boma la pulezidenti, ndipo boma la Djibouti ndilo likulamulira. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Governance">Governance</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ismail_Omar_Guelleh_2010.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Ismail_Omar_Guelleh_2010.jpg/170px-Ismail_Omar_Guelleh_2010.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="239" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Ismail_Omar_Guelleh_2010.jpg/255px-Ismail_Omar_Guelleh_2010.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Ismail_Omar_Guelleh_2010.jpg/340px-Ismail_Omar_Guelleh_2010.jpg 2x" data-file-width="948" data-file-height="1332" /></a><figcaption>President of Djibouti, <a href="/wiki/Isma%C3%AFl_Omar_Guelleh" title="Ismaïl Omar Guelleh">Ismaïl Omar Guelleh</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Pulezidenti, Ismaïl Omar Guelleh, ni munthu wakuzirwa comene mu ndyali za ku Djibouti. Pulezidenti wakugwiliskira nchito mazaza ghake mwakovwirika na uyo wakwimikika, nduna yikuru, Abdoulkader Kamil Mohamed. Bungwe la Nduna (kabineti) likulamulirika na pulezidenti. </p><p>Ŵeruzgi ŵali na makhoti gha chigaŵa chakwamba, khoti likuru la apilu, na khoti likuru. Dango la boma la France likukolerana na malango gha ŵanthu ŵa ku Somalia na Afar. </p><p>Nyumba ya Malamulo (pankhani iyi yikumanyikwanga kuti Nyumba ya Malamulo) yili na ŵanthu 65 awo ŵakusankhika pa vilimika vinkhondi vilivyose. Nangauli wupu uwu uli na nyumba yimoza pera, kweni Dango likusambizga kuti wupu uwu ni wupu wa Senate.<sup id="cite_ref-English_constitution_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-English_constitution-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-constitution_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-constitution-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chisankho chatha chinachitika pa 23 February 2018. Djibouti wali na chipani chakulongozga, ndipo chipani cha People's Rally for Progress (RPP) ndicho chikulongozga wupu wakuzenga malango na wupu wakulongozga kwambira waka apo chikakhazikiskikira mu 1979.<sup id="cite_ref-freedomhouse_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-freedomhouse-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Boma likuwusika na mbumba ya Issa Dir ya ku Somalia, iyo yikukhozgeka na mbumba za ku Somalia, comenecomene mbumba ya Gadabuursi Dir. Paumaliro wa m'ma 1990, boma na chipani cha Front for the Restoration of Unity and Democracy (FRUD) ŵakasazga phangano la mtende. Ŵabali ŵaŵiri ŵa FRUD ŵakanjira mu nduna za boma, ndipo kwambira mu 1999, FRUD yikamba kulimbikira kukhozgera RPP. </p><p>Pulezidenti Guelleh wakasankha Hassan Gouled Aptidon mu 1999. Guelleh wakapika mazaza ghaciŵiri gha vilimika vinkhondi na cimoza pamanyuma pa mavoti gha munthu yumoza pa 8 Epulero 2005. Wakaŵa na mavoti 100 pa mavoti 78.9 peresenti. Mu 2011, ŵanthu ŵa ku Djibouti ŵakachitako viyezgelero vyakwimikana na boma ilo likaŵapo nyengo yitali. Guelleh wakasankhika kachitatu mu chaka chenechicho na mavoti 80.63%. Nangauli magulu ghakwimikana na boma ghakatondeska kuŵapo pa mavoti chifukwa cha kusintha kwa dango ilo likazomerezganga kuti Guelleh waŵeso na mwaŵi wa kwimilira, kweni ŵalongozgi ŵa pa caru cose ŵa African Union ŵakalongosora kuti mavoti agha ghakaŵa ghakufwatuka ndiposo ghakwenelera. </p><p>Pa 31 March 2013, Guelleh wakasintha Prime Minister Dilleita Mohamed Dilleita uyo wakaŵa wa nyengo yitali na mulongozgi wakale wa Union for a Presidential Majority (UMP) Abdoulkader Kamil Mohamed. Mu Disembala 2014, chipani cha Union for Presidential Majority icho chili na mazaza pa boma chikalembeska phangano na chipani cha Union of National Salvation, icho chikovwira kuti ŵanthu awo ŵakususka boma ŵanjire mu nyumba ya malango na kunozgaso wupu wa vyakusankha.<sup id="cite_ref-Gdgrdtboip_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gdgrdtboip-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Foreign_relations">Foreign relations</h3></div> <div class="rellink relarticle mainarticle">Nkhani ikulu: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Djibouti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Foreign relations of Djibouti (jani likusangika yayi)">Foreign relations of Djibouti</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DjiboutiNationalAssembly.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/DjiboutiNationalAssembly.JPG/220px-DjiboutiNationalAssembly.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/DjiboutiNationalAssembly.JPG/330px-DjiboutiNationalAssembly.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/DjiboutiNationalAssembly.JPG/440px-DjiboutiNationalAssembly.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3228" data-file-height="1849" /></a><figcaption>The Djibouti National Assembly in Djibouti City</figcaption></figure> <p>Boma la Djibouti likwendeskeka na Unduna wa Vyachilendo na Wovwiri wa Mayiko. Djibouti wakukolerana comene na boma la Somalia, Ethiopia, France na United States. Kweniso likucitako milimo ya African Union, United Nations, Non-Aligned Movement, Organization of Islamic Cooperation na Arab League. Kwambira mu 2000, boma la Djibouti lakhozga ubwezi wawo na Turkey. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Military">Military</h3></div> <div class="rellink relarticle mainarticle">Nkhani ikulu: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Djibouti_Armed_Forces&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Djibouti Armed Forces (jani likusangika yayi)">Djibouti Armed Forces</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Camp_Maryama_during_an_exercise,_Arta_Region,_Djibouti.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Camp_Maryama_during_an_exercise%2C_Arta_Region%2C_Djibouti.jpg/220px-Camp_Maryama_during_an_exercise%2C_Arta_Region%2C_Djibouti.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Camp_Maryama_during_an_exercise%2C_Arta_Region%2C_Djibouti.jpg/330px-Camp_Maryama_during_an_exercise%2C_Arta_Region%2C_Djibouti.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Camp_Maryama_during_an_exercise%2C_Arta_Region%2C_Djibouti.jpg/440px-Camp_Maryama_during_an_exercise%2C_Arta_Region%2C_Djibouti.jpg 2x" data-file-width="862" data-file-height="591" /></a><figcaption>Maryama base during a martial exercise in the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arta_Region&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arta Region (jani likusangika yayi)">Arta Region</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Gulu la ŵasilikari la Djibouti likusazgapo ŵasilikari ŵa Djibouti, awo ŵali na ŵasilikari ŵa ku Djibouti ŵa Navy, Djibouti Air Force, na National Gendarmerie (GN). Mu 2011, ŵanthu 170,386 ŵakaŵa ŵanalume ndipo 221,411 ŵakaŵa ŵanakazi ŵa vyaka vyapakati pa 16 na 49.<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Djibouti yikagwiliskiranga ntchito ndalama zakujumpha madola 36 miliyoni pa chaka pa vya usilikari wake kufuma mu 2011 (141th mu database ya SIPRI). Pambere charu cha Djibouti chindafume mu mawoko gha ŵasilikari ŵa ku France, chikaŵa na magulu ghaŵiri gha ŵasilikari. Kukwambilira kwa vyaka vya m'ma 2000, ŵasilikari ŵakamba kupenja ndondomeko ya umo ŵasilikari ŵangacitira kuti ŵalutilire kuvikilira ŵanyawo mwa kugaŵa ŵasilikari ŵawo mu magulu ghacoko na ghakusuntha m'malo mwa magulu ghakupambanapambana. </p><p>Nkhondo yakwamba iyo ŵasilikari ŵa ku Djibouti ŵakanjilirapo yikaŵa Nkhondo ya pa Mzinda ya ku Djibouti, pakati pa boma la Djibouti, ilo likawovwirika na France, na Front for the Restoration of Unity and Democracy (FRUD). Nkhondo iyi yikamara mu 1991 m'paka mu 2001, nangauli nkhondo zinandi zikamara apo magulu gha FRUD ghakati ghakaŵa ghakujiyuyura ghakasayina phangano la mtende na boma. Gulu linyake likalutilira kulimbana na boma, kweni likasazga phangano la mtende mu 2001. Nkhondo yikamara apo boma likathereska ŵalwani ŵake, ndipo gulu la FRUD likazgoka chipani. </p><p>Pakuŵa likuru la wupu wa IGAD, Djibouti wali na wanangwa wa kunjilirapo pa mtende wa Somalia. Pamanyuma pa kukhazikiska boma la Somalia mu 2012, wupu wakufuma ku Djibouti ukaluta ku ciphikiro ca kujalira pulezidenti muphya wa Somalia. </p><p>Mu vyaka vyasonosono apa, Djibouti yaluta panthazi kusambizga ŵasilikari ŵake, kuŵalongozga, na kuŵaphalira vinthu vinyake. Pasono ŵakuteŵetera ku Somalia na Sudan.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Foreign_military_presence">Foreign military presence</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r33382"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Wonaniso: <a href="/w/index.php?title=French_forces_in_Djibouti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="French forces in Djibouti (jani likusangika yayi)">French forces in Djibouti</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:11th_MEU_conducts_Sustainment_Training_170105-F-QF982-589.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/11th_MEU_conducts_Sustainment_Training_170105-F-QF982-589.jpg/220px-11th_MEU_conducts_Sustainment_Training_170105-F-QF982-589.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/11th_MEU_conducts_Sustainment_Training_170105-F-QF982-589.jpg/330px-11th_MEU_conducts_Sustainment_Training_170105-F-QF982-589.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/11th_MEU_conducts_Sustainment_Training_170105-F-QF982-589.jpg/440px-11th_MEU_conducts_Sustainment_Training_170105-F-QF982-589.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4547" data-file-height="3026" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grand_Bara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grand Bara (jani likusangika yayi)">Grand Bara</a> desert in 2017</figcaption></figure> <p>Ŵasilikari ŵa France ŵakalutilira kuŵapo mu Djibouti apo caru ici cikapokera wanangwa wake, pakwamba mu cipangano ca nyengo yicoko waka ca Juni 1977 ico cikulongosora umo ŵasilikari ŵa France ŵakugwilira nchito mu caru ici. Pa Disembala 21, 2011, ku Paris, France na Djibouti ŵakasainirana phangano liphya la kuvikilira caru. Likamba kugwira ntchito pa 1 Meyi 2014. Mwa phangano ili na fundo yake yakukhwaskana na kuvikilira, France yikakhozga phangano lake lakukhwaskana na wanangwa wa Djibouti. Pambere ŵandaŵe na wanangwa, mu 1962, gulu la French Foreign Legion, la 13th Demi-Brigade of the Foreign Legion (13 DBLE) likasamuskika kufuma ku Algeria kuya ku Djibouti kuti liŵe likuru la French garrison kwenekura. Pa 31 July 2011, (13 DBLE) yikafumako ku Djibouti kuya ku United Arab Emirates. </p><p>Djibouti wali pa malo ghawemi chomene pa malo ghakuchemeka Bab-el-Mandeb Strait, agho ghakupatura Gulf of Aden na Nyanja Yiswesi ndipo ghakulongozga nthowa yakuyira ku Suez Canal. Ŵafarisi ŵakaleka kuzenga msasa wa Lemonnier ndipo pamanyuma ŵakagulizga ku United States Central Command mu Seputembala 2002. Mu 2014, ŵakaŵaso na mwaŵi wa kukhalako vyaka 20. Charu ichi chili na msasa wa ŵasilikari ŵa ku China pera na wa ŵasilikari ŵa ku Japan pera. Msumba wa Italy National Support Military Base nawo uli mu Djibouti. </p><p>Ku malo agha kuli maofesi gha ŵasilikari ŵa vyaru vinyake. Boma la United States likupeleka ndalama zakukwana madola 63 miliyoni pa caka kuti lilipire malo gha Camp Lemonnier, France na Japan waliyose wakupeleka ndalama zakukwana madola 30 miliyoni pa caka, ndipo China wakupeleka madola 20 miliyoni pa caka. Ndalama izo ŵakalipira zikaŵa pafupifupi 5% ya GDP ya Djibouti ya USD 2.3 biliyoni mu 2017. </p><p>Sonosono apa, caru ca China caŵikapo mtima comene kuti ciŵe na ŵasilikari ŵanandi mu Africa, ndipo pasono cili na mapulani ghakusazgirako ŵasilikari ŵake ku Djibouti. Kuŵapo kwa China mu Djibouti kukukolerana na virwa vya ku China kuti vitivikilire. Cifukwa cakuti Djibouti yili pa malo ghawemi, nchifukwa cake ni malo ghakwenelera comene kuti ŵasilikari ŵake ŵalutilire kuŵapo.<sup id="cite_ref-Nyska_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nyska-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Human_rights">Human rights</h3></div> <div class="rellink relarticle mainarticle">Nkhani ikulu: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Human_rights_in_Djibouti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Human rights in Djibouti (jani likusangika yayi)">Human rights in Djibouti</a></div> <p>Mu lipoti lake la 2011 la Freedom in the World, Freedom House likati Djibouti ni "Wambura Kufwatuka", ndipo likasintha kufuma ku "Wambura Kufwatuka". </p><p>Kuyana na kafukufuku wa ku United States wa mu 2019, Dipatimenti ya vyaru vya ku Djibouti yikupharazga vya wanangwa wa ŵanthu, nkhani zikuruzikuru za wanangwa wa ŵanthu mu Djibouti zikusazgapo kukoma ŵanthu kwambura kuzomerezgeka na boma; kukakika mwaurunji na ŵantchito ŵa boma; malo ghakofya na ghakofya ku umoyo wa ŵanthu mu jele; kunjilirapo pa umoyo wa ŵanthu kwambura kuzomerezgeka na boma; kukakika panji kusuzgika kwambura chifukwa kwa ŵamutolamakani; kutuka; kunjilirapo pa wanangwa wa kuwungana mwamtende na wanangwa wa kuwungana; vinthu vikuru vya vimbundi; na nkhaza pa ŵanakazi na ŵasungwana apo boma likuchitapo kanthu yayi pa kusuzga na kuzenga mulandu, kusazgapo kutemeta ŵanakazi. Likayowoyaso kuti boma likutondeka kusanga na kulanga ŵalongozgi awo ŵakuchita viheni, kwali ŵali mu mawupu gha vimbundi panji ku malo ghanyake.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Administrative_divisions">Administrative divisions</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Regions_of_Djibouti.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/The_Regions_of_Djibouti.png/310px-The_Regions_of_Djibouti.png" decoding="async" width="310" height="309" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/The_Regions_of_Djibouti.png/465px-The_Regions_of_Djibouti.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/The_Regions_of_Djibouti.png/620px-The_Regions_of_Djibouti.png 2x" data-file-width="1992" data-file-height="1986" /></a><figcaption>A map of Djibouti's regions</figcaption></figure> <div class="rellink relarticle mainarticle">Nkhani ikulu: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Districts_of_Djibouti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Districts of Djibouti (jani likusangika yayi)">Districts of Djibouti</a></div> <p>Djibouti wali kugaŵika vigaŵa vinkhondi na cimoza, ndipo msumba wa Djibouti ndiwo ni chigaŵa chimoza. Chigaŵa ichi chili na vigaŵa 20. </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>Regions of Djibouti </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Region </th> <th>Area (km<sup>2</sup>) </th> <th>Population<br />2009 Census </th> <th>Population<br />2018 Estimate </th> <th>Capital </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ali_Sabieh_Region&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ali Sabieh Region (jani likusangika yayi)">Ali Sabieh</a> </td> <td align="right">2,200 </td> <td align="right">86,949 </td> <td align="right">96,500 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ali_Sabieh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ali Sabieh (jani likusangika yayi)">Ali Sabieh</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arta_Region&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arta Region (jani likusangika yayi)">Arta</a> </td> <td align="right">1,800 </td> <td align="right">42,380 </td> <td align="right">72,200 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arta,_Djibouti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arta, Djibouti (jani likusangika yayi)">Arta</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dikhil_Region&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dikhil Region (jani likusangika yayi)">Dikhil</a> </td> <td align="right">7,200 </td> <td align="right">88,948 </td> <td align="right">105,300 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dikhil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dikhil (jani likusangika yayi)">Dikhil</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Djibouti_Region&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Djibouti Region (jani likusangika yayi)">Djibouti</a> </td> <td align="right">200 </td> <td align="right">475,322 </td> <td align="right">603,900 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Djibouti_City&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Djibouti City (jani likusangika yayi)">Djibouti City</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Obock_Region&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Obock Region (jani likusangika yayi)">Obock</a> </td> <td align="right">4,700 </td> <td align="right">37,856 </td> <td align="right">50,100 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Obock&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Obock (jani likusangika yayi)">Obock</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tadjourah_Region&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tadjourah Region (jani likusangika yayi)">Tadjourah</a> </td> <td align="right">7,100 </td> <td align="right">86,704 </td> <td align="right">121,000 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tadjoura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tadjoura (jani likusangika yayi)">Tadjoura</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Makhalilo_gha_charu">Makhalilo gha charu</h2></div> <div class="rellink relarticle mainarticle">Nkhani ikulu: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Geography_of_Djibouti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geography of Djibouti (jani likusangika yayi)">Geography of Djibouti</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Location_and_habitat">Location and habitat</h3></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r33424/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:292px;max-width:292px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:135px;max-width:135px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:151px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Satellite_image_of_Djibouti_in_November_2001.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Satellite_image_of_Djibouti_in_November_2001.jpg/133px-Satellite_image_of_Djibouti_in_November_2001.jpg" decoding="async" width="133" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Satellite_image_of_Djibouti_in_November_2001.jpg/200px-Satellite_image_of_Djibouti_in_November_2001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Satellite_image_of_Djibouti_in_November_2001.jpg/266px-Satellite_image_of_Djibouti_in_November_2001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="820" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:153px;max-width:153px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:151px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Satellite_images_of_Djibouti_during_the_night.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Satellite_images_of_Djibouti_during_the_night.png/151px-Satellite_images_of_Djibouti_during_the_night.png" decoding="async" width="151" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Satellite_images_of_Djibouti_during_the_night.png/227px-Satellite_images_of_Djibouti_during_the_night.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Satellite_images_of_Djibouti_during_the_night.png/302px-Satellite_images_of_Djibouti_during_the_night.png 2x" data-file-width="736" data-file-height="703" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Satellite_imagery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Satellite imagery (jani likusangika yayi)">Satellite images</a> of Djibouti during the day (left) and night (right)</div></div></div></div> <p>Charu cha Djibouti chili ku mphepete mwa Africa, pa nyanja ya Aden na Bab-el-Mandeb, kumwera kwa Nyanja Yiswesi. Chigaŵa ichi chili pakati pa latitude 11° na 14°N na longitude 41° na 44°E, kumpoto chomene kwa Great Rift Valley. Ku Djibouti ndiko mphinjika iyo yili pakati pa Africa Plate na Somali Plate yikukumana na Arabian Plate, ndipo yikupangiska kuti paŵe malo ghatatu. Vinthu vyakupambanapambana ivyo vikuchitika pa malo ghatatu agha ndivyo vyapangiska kuti chiziŵa cha Assal chiŵe pachanya chomene kuluska malo ghanyake ghose mu Africa. </p><p>Mphepete mwa nyanja ya charu ichi yili na utali wa makilomita 314, ndipo malo agha ghali na mapiri ghatali. Djibouti yili na malo ghakukwana 23,200 square kilometres (8,958 sq mi). Malire gha charu ichi ghali na mtunda wa makilomita 575 (357 mi), ndipo 125 km (78 mi) ghali na charu cha Eritrea, 390 km (242 mi) na charu cha Ethiopia, ndipo 60 km (37 mi) na charu cha Somaliland. Charu cha Djibouti chili kumwera chomene pa Nyanja ya Arabia.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Djibouti wali na mapiri ghankhondi na ghatatu agho ghali pachanya pa mamita 1,000. Phiri la Mousa Ali ndilo lili pachanya chomene mu charu ichi, ndipo pachanya pake pali mphaka na Ethiopia na Eritrea. Malo agha ghali pa mtunda wa mamita 2,028. Chipalamba cha Grand Bara chili kumwera kwa Djibouti mu vigaŵa vya Arta, Ali Sabieh na Dikhil. Malo ghanandi ghali pa mtunda wa mamita 520. </p><p>Malo agho ghali kutali chomene ni agha: kumpoto, Ras Doumera na malo agho mphaka na Eritrea yikunjira mu Nyanja Yiswesi mu chigaŵa cha Obock; kumafumiro gha dazi, chigaŵa cha mumphepete mwa Nyanja Yiswesi kumpoto kwa Ras Bir; kumwera, malo agho ghali pa mphaka na Ethiopia kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa tawuni ya As Ela; ndipo kumanjiliro gha dazi, malo agho ghali pa mphaka na Ethiopia kumafumiro gha dazi kwa tawuni ya Afambo. </p><p> Chigaŵa chikuru cha Djibouti chili ku Ethiopia. Chinyake ntchigaŵa cha kumafumiro gha dazi kwa Nyanja Yiswesi, icho chili mu mapopa gha Eritrea.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerycaption">Landscapes of Djibouti</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Djib_003.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Lake Assal"><img alt="Lake Assal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Djib_003.JPG/240px-Djib_003.JPG" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Djib_003.JPG/360px-Djib_003.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Djib_003.JPG/480px-Djib_003.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lake_Assal_(Djibouti)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lake Assal (Djibouti) (jani likusangika yayi)">Lake Assal</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 184.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 182.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Traditional_houses_on_the_Mabla_Mountains.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Traditional houses on the Mabla Mountains"><img alt="Traditional houses on the Mabla Mountains" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Traditional_houses_on_the_Mabla_Mountains.jpg/274px-Traditional_houses_on_the_Mabla_Mountains.jpg" decoding="async" width="183" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Traditional_houses_on_the_Mabla_Mountains.jpg/411px-Traditional_houses_on_the_Mabla_Mountains.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Traditional_houses_on_the_Mabla_Mountains.jpg/548px-Traditional_houses_on_the_Mabla_Mountains.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="631" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Traditional houses on the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mabla_Mountains&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mabla Mountains (jani likusangika yayi)">Mabla Mountains</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 187.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 185.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lac_Abbe-02.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Lake Abbe"><img alt="Lake Abbe" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Lac_Abbe-02.JPG/278px-Lac_Abbe-02.JPG" decoding="async" width="186" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Lac_Abbe-02.JPG/417px-Lac_Abbe-02.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Lac_Abbe-02.JPG/556px-Lac_Abbe-02.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2198" data-file-height="1423" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lake_Abbe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lake Abbe (jani likusangika yayi)">Lake Abbe</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 227.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 225.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_mountains_near_Dasbiyo.png" class="mw-file-description" title="The mountains near Dasbiyo"><img alt="The mountains near Dasbiyo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/The_mountains_near_Dasbiyo.png/338px-The_mountains_near_Dasbiyo.png" decoding="async" width="226" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/The_mountains_near_Dasbiyo.png/507px-The_mountains_near_Dasbiyo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/The_mountains_near_Dasbiyo.png/676px-The_mountains_near_Dasbiyo.png 2x" data-file-width="1259" data-file-height="671" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The mountains near <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dasbiyo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dasbiyo (jani likusangika yayi)">Dasbiyo</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:South_Djibouti_Beach.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Beach south of Djibouti City, overlooking the Gulf of Aden"><img alt="Beach south of Djibouti City, overlooking the Gulf of Aden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/South_Djibouti_Beach.png/240px-South_Djibouti_Beach.png" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/South_Djibouti_Beach.png/360px-South_Djibouti_Beach.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/South_Djibouti_Beach.png/480px-South_Djibouti_Beach.png 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Beach south of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Djibouti_City&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Djibouti City (jani likusangika yayi)">Djibouti City</a>, overlooking the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gulf_of_Aden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gulf of Aden (jani likusangika yayi)">Gulf of Aden</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Djibouti%27s_map_of_K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Djibouti%27s_map_of_K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification.png/300px-Djibouti%27s_map_of_K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="373" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Djibouti%27s_map_of_K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification.png/450px-Djibouti%27s_map_of_K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Djibouti%27s_map_of_K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification.png/600px-Djibouti%27s_map_of_K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification.png 2x" data-file-width="1824" data-file-height="2268" /></a><figcaption>Djibouti map of <a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Köppen climate classification (jani likusangika yayi)">Köppen climate classification</a>. <small><span style="margin:0px; font-size:90%; display:block;"><span style="border:none; background-color:#FF6700; color:#FF6700;">██</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Semi-arid_climate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Semi-arid climate (jani likusangika yayi)">Semi-arid climate</a></span></small> <small><span style="margin:0px; font-size:90%; display:block;"><span style="border:none; background-color:#F10000; color:#F10000;">██</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arid_climate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arid climate (jani likusangika yayi)">Arid climate</a></span></small></figcaption></figure> <p>Umoyo wa ku Djibouti ngwakuzizima comene ndipo nyengo yake yikupambana comene na ya caru cose. Pa zuŵa, matenthedwe ghakukwana ghakufuma pa 32 kufika pa 41 °C (90 kufika pa 106 °F). Mwaciyelezgero, mu msumba wa Djibouti, mu mwezi wa Epulero, muhanya ukufipa comene. Kweni pa malo ghakuchemeka Airolaf, agho ghali pa mtunda wa mamita 1,535 m'paka 1,600 m'paka 5,036 m'paka 5,249 ft, mu chihanya matenthedwe ghakujumpha 30 °C (86 °F) ndipo mu nyengo ya chiwuvi ghakujumpha 9 °C (48 °F).<sup id="cite_ref-climate_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-climate-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mu vigaŵa vya mapiri, malo agha ghakukwana mamita 500 m'paka 800 m'paka mu Ogasiti. Mwezi wa Disembala na Janyuwale ndiwo ni mwezi wakuzizima chomene, ndipo nyengo yakuzizima yikukwana 15 °C. Charu cha Djibouti chili na mphepo yakotcha chomene (BSh) panji ya mu mapopa (BWh), nangauli mu malo ghapachanya chomene, mphepo yikuzizima chomene. </p><p>Nyengo ya ku Djibouti yikupambana mu vigaŵa vya kumpoto na kumafumiro gha dazi kwa charu ichi. Ku chigaŵa cha kumafumiro gha dazi kwa nyanja, kukulokwa maji gha mamita ghakukwana 131 pa chaka. Malo ghakuthyana nagho ghakuthyana chomene na malo gha mumphepete mwa nyanja. </p> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="margin:auto;"> <caption>Average daily temperatures for the ten cities in Djibouti </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Location </th> <th>July (°C) </th> <th>July (°F) </th> <th>January (°C) </th> <th>January (°F) </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Djibouti_City&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Djibouti City (jani likusangika yayi)">Djibouti City</a></td> <td>41/31</td> <td>107/88</td> <td>28/21</td> <td>83/70 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ali_Sabieh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ali Sabieh (jani likusangika yayi)">Ali Sabieh</a></td> <td>36/25</td> <td>96/77</td> <td>26/15</td> <td>79/60 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tadjoura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tadjoura (jani likusangika yayi)">Tadjoura</a></td> <td>41/31</td> <td>107/88</td> <td>29/22</td> <td>84/72 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dikhil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dikhil (jani likusangika yayi)">Dikhil</a></td> <td>38/27</td> <td>100/81</td> <td>27/17</td> <td>80/63 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Obock&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Obock (jani likusangika yayi)">Obock</a></td> <td>41/30</td> <td>105/87</td> <td>28/22</td> <td>84/72 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arta,_Djibouti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arta, Djibouti (jani likusangika yayi)">Arta</a></td> <td>36/25</td> <td>97/78</td> <td>25/15</td> <td>78/60 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Randa,_Djibouti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Randa, Djibouti (jani likusangika yayi)">Randa</a></td> <td>34/23</td> <td>94/73</td> <td>23/13</td> <td>74/56 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holhol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Holhol (jani likusangika yayi)">Holhol</a></td> <td>38/28</td> <td>101/81</td> <td>26/17</td> <td>79/62 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ali_Adde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ali Adde (jani likusangika yayi)">Ali Adde</a></td> <td>38/27</td> <td>100/82</td> <td>26/16</td> <td>80/61 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airolaf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Airolaf (jani likusangika yayi)">Airolaf</a></td> <td>31/18</td> <td>88/66</td> <td>22/9</td> <td>71/49 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Wildlife">Wildlife</h3></div> <div class="rellink relarticle mainarticle">Nkhani ikulu: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wildlife_of_Djibouti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wildlife of Djibouti (jani likusangika yayi)">Wildlife of Djibouti</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:FrancolinusOchropectus.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/FrancolinusOchropectus.svg/220px-FrancolinusOchropectus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/FrancolinusOchropectus.svg/330px-FrancolinusOchropectus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/FrancolinusOchropectus.svg/440px-FrancolinusOchropectus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1052" data-file-height="1052" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Djibouti_francolin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Djibouti francolin (jani likusangika yayi)">Djibouti francolin</a>, a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Critically_endangered&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Critically endangered (jani likusangika yayi)">critically endangered species</a> living only in Djibouti</figcaption></figure> <p>Vinyama na vyakumera vya mu charu ichi vikukhala mu malo ghakofya. Vinyama vyamuthondo vikusangika mu vigaŵa vikuruvikuru vitatu, kwambira kumpoto kwa chigaŵa cha mapiri m'paka kumwera na pakati pa chigaŵa cha mapiri.<sup id="cite_ref-day_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-day-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Goda_Mountains_-_National_Park_of_For%C3%AAt_du_Day.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Goda_Mountains_-_National_Park_of_For%C3%AAt_du_Day.jpg/220px-Goda_Mountains_-_National_Park_of_For%C3%AAt_du_Day.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Goda_Mountains_-_National_Park_of_For%C3%AAt_du_Day.jpg/330px-Goda_Mountains_-_National_Park_of_For%C3%AAt_du_Day.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Goda_Mountains_-_National_Park_of_For%C3%AAt_du_Day.jpg/440px-Goda_Mountains_-_National_Park_of_For%C3%AAt_du_Day.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="5184" /></a><figcaption>Plant species on the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Day_Forest_National_Park&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Day Forest National Park (jani likusangika yayi)">Forêt du Day National Park</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Vinyama vinandi vikusangika kumpoto kwa charu ichi, mu malo ghakuchemeka Day Forest National Park. Malo agha ghali pachanya pa mtunda wa mamita 1,500. Chigaŵa ichi chili na makilomita 3.5 gha nkhorongo ya Juniperus procera, ndipo makuni ghanandi ghakufika mamita 20. Mu nkhorongo iyi ndimo mukukhala viyuni vinyake vya ku Djibouti. Kweniso muli vyakumera vinandi vya makuni na vyakumera, nga ni makuni gha bokosi na maolive, agho ghalipo 60 peresenti ya vyakumera vyose ivyo vikusangika mu charu ichi. </p><p>Ku Djibouti kuli vyakumera vyakujumpha 820, vyamoyo vyambura msana vyakujumpha 493, somba zakujumpha 455, vyamoyo vyakukhwaŵa vyakujumpha 40, vyamoyo vyakukhala pa maji na pasi vitatu, viyuni vyakujumpha 360 na vyamoyo vyakunyamura vyakujumpha 66. Vinyama vyamuthengere vya ku Djibouti navyo vili pa chigaŵa cha Horn of Africa na Red Sea na Gulf of Aden. Vinyama ivi ni vyamoyo vya mitundu yakupambanapambana nga ni Soemmerring's gazelle na Pelzeln's gazelle. Cifukwa ca kukanizgika kwa kupenja nyama izi kwamba mu 1970, sono zili kusungika makora. Viyuni vinyake ivyo vikumera ni zebra wa Grevy, hamadryas babuini na hunter's antelope. Mu malo agha mukusangikaso viyuni vya mtundu wa warthog. Mu vigaŵa vya mumphepete mwa nyanja muli visomba vya dugong na Abyssinian genet. Viyuni vya mtundu wa green turtle na hawksbill turtle vikusangika mu maji gha mumphepete mwa nyanja uko vikubisamaso.<sup id="cite_ref-Resourcesutviklingshjelp1989_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Resourcesutviklingshjelp1989-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-StuartAdams1990_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StuartAdams1990-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nkhumba ya ku North-East Africa yakuchemeka Acinonyx jubatus soemmeringii yikuwoneka kuti yili kumara ku Djibouti. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Chuma">Chuma</h2></div> <div class="rellink relarticle mainarticle">Nkhani ikulu: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Djibouti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economy of Djibouti (jani likusangika yayi)">Economy of Djibouti</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:GDP_by_sector,_Djibouti.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/GDP_by_sector%2C_Djibouti.png/250px-GDP_by_sector%2C_Djibouti.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="269" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/GDP_by_sector%2C_Djibouti.png/375px-GDP_by_sector%2C_Djibouti.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/GDP_by_sector%2C_Djibouti.png/500px-GDP_by_sector%2C_Djibouti.png 2x" data-file-width="2881" data-file-height="3099" /></a><figcaption>Djibouti GDP by sector</figcaption></figure> <p>Chuma cha ku Djibouti chikugwilira ntchito mu vigaŵa vya uteŵeti. Vinthu vya malonda vikuthemba pa ndondomeko ya malonda ya caru ici ndiposo malo agho ghali pa Nyanja Yiswesi. Cifukwa cakuti vula zikulokwa viŵi yayi, vipasi na vipambi ndivyo vikupambika comene, ndipo vyakurya vinyake vikukhumbikwira kunjizga. Mu 2013, GDP (kuyana na nkhongono zakugulira) yikaŵa $2.505 biliyoni, ndipo yikakuranga na 5% pa chaka. Pa munthu yumoza, ndalama izo munthu waliyose wakusanga ni madola 2,874. Makampani gha vya mautumiki ghakapanga pafupifupi 79.7% ya GDP, ndipo ghakulondezgana na mafakitale agho ghakapanga 17.3% na vyakurya ivyo vikapanga 3%. </p><p>Kufumira mu 2013, chipatala cha viŵegha mu doko la Djibouti ndicho chikwendeskanga malonda ghanandi gha mu charu ichi. Pafupifupi 70 peresenti ya ntchito ya doko ili yikupangika na katundu wakunjira na kufuma ku charu cha Ethiopia.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mu 2018, 95% ya katundu wa ku Ethiopia wakendeskeka na doko la Djibouti. Kweniso ni malo ghakusungirako mafuta gha mu nyanja. Mu 2012, boma la Djibouti, pamoza na DP World, likamba kuzenga doko lakunjizgiramo katundu la Doraleh, ilo ni doko lachitatu likuru chomene. Ntchito iyi njakudura ndalama zakukwana madola 396 miliyoni, ndipo yikovwira ŵanthu ŵakukwana 1.5 miliyoni pa chaka. </p><p> Djibouti ndiyo yikaŵa malo gha 177, agho ghakaŵa ghakuvikilirika chomene pa charu chose. Pakukhumba kunozga malo ghakwendeskera malonda gha vyaru vinyake, boma la Djibouti pamoza na mawupu ghakupambanapambana gha vyaru vyambura phindu, ŵali kwambiska mapulojekiti ghakovwira kuti ŵanthu ŵamanye makora malonda gha caru ici. Boma nalo laŵikapo ndondomeko ziphya za boma izo zikovwira kuti ŵanthu ŵasange ndalama zinandi kweniso kuti ŵalutilire kukweŵeka.<sup id="cite_ref-Cdpafoid_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cdpafoid-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tree_map_export_2009_Djibouti.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Tree_map_export_2009_Djibouti.jpeg/250px-Tree_map_export_2009_Djibouti.jpeg" decoding="async" width="250" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Tree_map_export_2009_Djibouti.jpeg/375px-Tree_map_export_2009_Djibouti.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Tree_map_export_2009_Djibouti.jpeg/500px-Tree_map_export_2009_Djibouti.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="1103" data-file-height="862" /></a><figcaption>A proportional representation of Djibouti's exports</figcaption></figure> <p>Kweniso ŵayezgayezga kuti ŵachepeske unandi wa ŵambura nchito mu matawuni agho ghali na unandi wa 60%. Ndalama izi zikovwira comene pakuzenga vinthu vyakwendeskera mawupu gha wayilesi na kwandaniska ndalama zakwendeskera bizinesi. Chifukwa cha kukura kwake, vyakurya na vyakurya ivyo vikupangiska kuti vinthu vyende makora, ivyo vikupangiska kuti GDP yiŵe pafupifupi 15 peresenti, vikusangika chomene kwambira mu 2008. </p><p>Kuti ŵasazgireko nchito iyi, ŵali kuzenga malo ghakukwana 56 megawati agho ghakwenera kuzengeka mu 2018 na wovwiri wa OPEC, World Bank, na Global Environment Facility. Ntchito iyi yikwenera kumazga suzgo la magesi, kuchepeska kugomezga kwa Ethiopia pa magesi, kuchepeska mafuta ghakufuma ku vyaru vinyake agho ghakwendeskeka na magesi gha dizelo, na kukhozga GDP na kuchepeska ngongoli. </p><p> Kampani yinyake ya ku Djibouti yakuchemeka Salt Investment (SIS) yikamba ntchito yikuru ya kupanga mchere uwo uli mu chigaŵa cha Lake Assal. Mulimo wa kunozga mchere uwu, uwo ukufika matani 4 miliyoni pa chaka, wawovwira kuti ŵanthu ŵasangenge ndalama zinandi zakwendeskera vyakurya ku vyaru vinyake. Mu 2012, boma la Djibouti likagwiraso ntchito na China Harbor Engineering Company Ltd. pakuzenga malo ghakusungiramo migodi. Mulimo uwu, uwo ukaŵa wakudura madola 64 miliyoni, ukawovwira kuti charu cha Djibouti chipelekeso mchere wakukwana matani 5,000 pa chaka ku misika ya ku Southeast Asia.<sup id="cite_ref-Xdcssmuatfse_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Xdcssmuatfse-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Djibouti_GDP_1985_to_2015.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Djibouti_GDP_1985_to_2015.png/300px-Djibouti_GDP_1985_to_2015.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Djibouti_GDP_1985_to_2015.png/450px-Djibouti_GDP_1985_to_2015.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Djibouti_GDP_1985_to_2015.png/600px-Djibouti_GDP_1985_to_2015.png 2x" data-file-width="915" data-file-height="572" /></a><figcaption>Djibouti's gross domestic product expanded by an average of more than 6 percent per year, from US$341 million in 1985 to US$1.5 billion in 2015</figcaption></figure> <p>Chiŵelengero cha ndalama za mu charu cha Djibouti chikakwera chomene pa chaka, kufuma pa 341 miliyoni mu 1985 kufika pa 1.5 biliyoni mu 2015. Ndalama ya ku Djibouti ni franc. Ndalama izi zikufuma ku Central Bank of Djibouti. Pakuti ndalama ya ku Djibouti yikukolerana na ya ku United States, yikukhazikika ndipo kusinthasintha kwa ndalama kukuŵa suzgo yayi. Ivi vyawovwira kuti ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵanjire mu charu ichi.<sup id="cite_ref-Cdpafoid_69-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cdpafoid-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Rdbbafi_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rdbbafi-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mu 2010, mabanki 10 gha Chalima na gha Chalima ghakaŵa mu Djibouti. Ŵanandi ŵakiza mu vyaka vicoko waka ivyo vyajumpha, kusazgapo kampani yakupeleka ndarama ya ku Somalia yakucemeka Dahabshiil na BDCD, kampani ya Swiss Financial Investments. Pakwamba, mabungwe ghaŵiri ghakaŵa na banki: Indo-Suez Bank na Commercial and Industrial Bank (BCIMR). Boma likukhumba kuti maboma gha vyamalonda ghaŵe na masheya 30 pa 100 gha ndalama izo maboma agha ghakupeleka. Kupeleka ngongoli kukakhozgekaso cifukwa ca kuzenga thumba la wovwiri, ilo likuzomerezga mabanki kupeleka ngongoli ku mabizinesi ghacoko na ghapacanya agho ghakukwaniliskika kwambura kukhumba dankha ndalama zinandi. </p><p>Awo ŵakuguliska ndalama ku Saudi Arabia ŵakughanaghanira umo ŵangagwilira ntchito kuti ŵakoleraniske mphanji ya ku Africa na chirwa cha Arabia kwizira mu mlatho wa makilomita 28.5 (mailosi 17.7) uwo ukujumpha mu Djibouti. Munthu munyake uyo wakwendeska ndalama zina lakuti Tarek bin Laden wakukolerana na mulimo uwu. Ndipouli, mu Juni 2010, ŵakapharazga kuti chigaŵa chakwamba cha ntchito iyi chachedwa.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Transport">Transport</h3></div> <div class="rellink relarticle mainarticle">Nkhani ikulu: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport_in_Djibouti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Transport in Djibouti (jani likusangika yayi)">Transport in Djibouti</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Djibouti%E2%80%93Ambouli_International_Airport.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/The_Djibouti%E2%80%93Ambouli_International_Airport.png/220px-The_Djibouti%E2%80%93Ambouli_International_Airport.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="202" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/The_Djibouti%E2%80%93Ambouli_International_Airport.png/330px-The_Djibouti%E2%80%93Ambouli_International_Airport.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/The_Djibouti%E2%80%93Ambouli_International_Airport.png/440px-The_Djibouti%E2%80%93Ambouli_International_Airport.png 2x" data-file-width="719" data-file-height="659" /></a><figcaption>Main Terminal at <a href="/w/index.php?title=Djibouti%E2%80%93Ambouli_International_Airport&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Djibouti–Ambouli International Airport (jani likusangika yayi)">Djibouti–Ambouli International Airport</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Djibouti Ambouli International Airport mu msumba wa Djibouti, ni chiŵanja chimoza pera cha vyaru vyakupambanapambana mu charu ichi, ndipo yikwendeska maulendo ghanandi gha pakati pa vyaru. Air Djibouti ndiyo yikwendeska ndege za mu Djibouti. </p><p>Sitima ya ku Addis Ababa-Djibouti yikamba kugwira ntchito mu January 2018. Chilato chake chikuru nkhupelekerapo katundu pakati pa charu cha Ethiopia na doko la Doraleh ku Djibouti.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ngalaŵa za magalimoto zikwenda mu Gulf of Tadjoura kufuma ku Djibouti City kuluta ku Tadjoura. Ku chigaŵa cha kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa msumba wa Djibouti kuli doko la Doraleh, ilo ni doko likuru la Djibouti. Doko la Doraleh ndilo likumalira njanji yiphya ya Addis Ababa-Djibouti. Kuwonjezera pa doko la Doraleh, lomwe limagwira katundu wambiri ndi mafuta, Djibouti (2018) ili ndi madoko ena atatu akuluakulu ogulitsira ndi kutumiza katundu wambiri ndi ziweto, doko la Tadjourah (potash), doko la Damerjog (ziweto) ndi doko la Goubet (mchere). Pafupifupi 95 peresenti ya vinthu ivyo Ethiopia wakuguliska na kutumiza ku vyaru vinyake vikwenda mu virwa vya ku Djibouti.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Misewu ya mu Djibouti yikucemeka kuyana na ndondomeko ya misewu. Misewu iyo yikuwoneka nga ni misewu yikuru ni iyo yili na asphalt (mu utali wake wose) ndipo yikwendeska magalimoto pakati pa misumba yikuruyikuru ya ku Djibouti. </p><p>Charu cha Djibouti chili pa msewu wakuchemeka 21st Century Maritime Silk Road, uwo ukufuma ku China m'paka ku chigaŵa cha Upper Adriatic, ndipo ukuyana na vyaru vya Central na Eastern Europe.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Media_and_telecommunications">Media and telecommunications</h3></div> <div class="rellink relarticle mainarticle">Nkhani ikulu: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Media_of_Djibouti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Media of Djibouti (jani likusangika yayi)">Media of Djibouti</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Telecommunications_in_Djibouti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Telecommunications in Djibouti (jani likusangika yayi)">Telecommunications in Djibouti</a>, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Freedom_of_the_press_in_Djibouti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Freedom of the press in Djibouti (jani likusangika yayi)">Freedom of the press in Djibouti</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Djibtelcom2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Djibtelcom2.jpg/220px-Djibtelcom2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Djibtelcom2.jpg/330px-Djibtelcom2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Djibtelcom2.jpg/440px-Djibtelcom2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Djibouti_Telecom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Djibouti Telecom (jani likusangika yayi)">Djibouti Telecom</a> headquarters in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Djibouti_City&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Djibouti City (jani likusangika yayi)">Djibouti City</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Boma la Djibouti likulongozgeka na Unduna wa vya Umoyo. </p><p>Djibouti Telecom ndiyo yekha wakupeleka mauthenga. Kanandi yikugwiliskira nchito mawindo gha mawayilesi gha microwave. Mu msumba uwu ŵali kuŵikamo chingwe cha fiber-optic, ndipo ku mizi ŵakugwiliskira nchito mawoko gha waya yayi. Mafoni gha pa foni ghakukhala waka mu msumba wa Djibouti. Kuzakafika mu 2015, ŵanthu ŵakagwiliskiranga ntchito mafoni ghakukwana 23,000 na mafoni 312,000. Kampani ya SEA-ME-WE 3 yikugwira nchito ku Jeddah, Suez, Sicily, Marseille, Colombo, Singapore na kunyake. Malo gha pa caru gha ma telefoni gha Satellite ni 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) na 1 Arabsat. Medarabtel ni wupu uwo ukupeleka mauthenga gha pa wayilesi. </p><p>Radio Television of Djibouti ni wayilesi ya boma. Likuŵa na wayilesi ya pa charu chapasi pera, kweniso mawayilesi ghaŵiri gha pa AM 1, FM 2, na ghafupi. Boma ndilo likulongozga vyakupharazga. Mu tawuni iyi muli sinema ya Odeon.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kuzakafika mu 2012, pakaŵa makompyuta 215 agho ghakapelekanga mauthenga gha pa Intaneti. Mu 2015, ŵanthu pafupifupi 99,000 ŵakagwiliskiranga ntchito Intaneti. Malo ghapachanya gha pa Intaneti ni.dj. </p><p>Manyuzipepara ghakuru agho ghakusindikizgika ni gha boma: La Nation, la Cifurenci, Djibouti Post, na Al-Qarn. Paliso wupu wa boma wakucemeka Agence Djiboutienne d'Information. Mawebusayiti gha nkhani gha boma yayi ghali ku vyaru vinyake; nga ni La Voix de Djibouti, agho ghakufuma ku Belgium </p><p>.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tourism">Tourism</h3></div> <div class="rellink relarticle mainarticle">Nkhani ikulu: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tourism_in_Djibouti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tourism in Djibouti (jani likusangika yayi)">Tourism in Djibouti</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Photo_of_Gulf_Of_Tadjoura.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Photo_of_Gulf_Of_Tadjoura.png/220px-Photo_of_Gulf_Of_Tadjoura.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Photo_of_Gulf_Of_Tadjoura.png/330px-Photo_of_Gulf_Of_Tadjoura.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Photo_of_Gulf_Of_Tadjoura.png/440px-Photo_of_Gulf_Of_Tadjoura.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="518" /></a><figcaption>Arta Plage on the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gulf_of_Tadjoura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gulf of Tadjoura (jani likusangika yayi)">Gulf of Tadjoura</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Ulendo wa ku Djibouti ni yimoza mwa vyaru ivyo vikukura comene mu vya cuma, ndipo ŵanthu ŵambura kukwana 80,000 pa caka ndiwo ŵakwiza, comenecomene ŵabali na ŵabwezi ŵa ŵasilikari awo ŵakukhala mu malo ghakurughakuru gha ŵasilikari ŵa mu caru ici. Nangauli chiŵelengero ichi chikukwera, kweni ŵanthu ŵakuyowoya kuti vizamu vileke kupelekeka para munthu wafika ku charu chinyake. </p><p>Vinthu ivi vikupangiska kuti ŵanthu ŵaleke kwenda paŵekha, ndipo ndalama izo ŵakugulira maulendo agha ni zinandi chomene. Kufuma apo sitima ya ku Addis Ababa na Djibouti yikambiraso kugwira ntchito mu Janyuwale 2018, maulendo gha pa mtunda nagho ghakambiraso. Ku Djibouti kuli malo ghaŵiri ghakuzizwiska, Lake Abbe na Lake Assal. Caka cilicose, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakuluta ku malo agha.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Energy">Energy</h3></div> <div class="rellink relarticle mainarticle">Nkhani ikulu: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Energy_in_Djibouti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Energy in Djibouti (jani likusangika yayi)">Energy in Djibouti</a></div> <p>Djibouti wali na magesi ghakukwana 126 MW kufuma ku mafuta na mafuta gha dizilo. Mu 2002, nkhongono ya magesi yikaŵa 232 GWh, ndipo kugwiliskira nchito magesi kukaŵa 216 GWh. Mu 2015, munthu yumoza pa chaka wakagwiliskiranga ntchito magesi ghakukwana 330 kilowatt-hours (kWh); kweniso ŵanthu pafupifupi 45% ŵalije magesi, ndipo chiŵelengero cha ŵanthu awo ŵakukhumba magesi mu charu ichi ntchikuru. Kufumiska magesi ghanandi kufuma ku Ethiopia, agho ghakukhorweska 65% ya ivyo Djibouti wakukhumbikwira, kungawovwira comene kuti charu ichi chiŵe na magesi ghakufumira ku vyaru vinyake. Ŵanthu ŵa ku Japan ŵakukondwa comene na mizi iyi, pakuti ŵali na mizi 13. Mulimo wa kuzenga malo ghakupangira magesi (solar farms) ku Grand Bara uzamupeleka nkhongono ya 50 MW.<sup id="cite_ref-oxford_83-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oxford-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2></div> <div class="rellink relarticle mainarticle">Nkhani ikulu: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Djibouti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Demographics of Djibouti (jani likusangika yayi)">Demographics of Djibouti</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Djiboutian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Djiboutian (jani likusangika yayi)">Djiboutian</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r33424/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:308px;max-width:308px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:152px;max-width:152px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:Error mw:File"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=tum&wpDestFile=Issa_woman_from_Djibouti_ca.1930-1950.jpg" class="new" title="File:Issa woman from Djibouti ca.1930-1950.jpg"><span class="mw-file-element mw-broken-media" data-width="150">File:Issa woman from Djibouti ca.1930-1950.jpg</span></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">A <a href="/w/index.php?title=Somalis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Somalis (jani likusangika yayi)">Somali</a> woman in nomadic attire</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:152px;max-width:152px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:An_Afar_nomad.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/An_Afar_nomad.jpg/150px-An_Afar_nomad.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="212" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/An_Afar_nomad.jpg/225px-An_Afar_nomad.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/An_Afar_nomad.jpg/300px-An_Afar_nomad.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1128" data-file-height="1596" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">An <a href="/w/index.php?title=Afar_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Afar people (jani likusangika yayi)">Afar</a> man in nomadic attire</div></div></div></div></div> <table class="toccolours" style="width:15em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0;"><caption style="border-top:1px #aaa solid;border-left:1px #aaa solid;border-right:1px #aaa solid;background-color:lavender;padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Historical population</caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid black;padding:1px;width:3em">Chaka</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid black;padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population">Ŵanthu</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid black;padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Per annum growth rate">kukula kwa <br />pachaka.</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1950</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">62,001</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1955</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">69,589</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+2.34%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1960</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">83,636</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+3.75%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1965</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">114,963</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+6.57%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1970</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">159,659</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+6.79%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1977</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">277,750</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+8.23%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1980</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">358,960</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+8.93%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1985</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">425,613</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+3.47%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1990</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">590,398</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+6.76%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1995</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">630,388</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+1.32%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2000</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">717,584</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+2.62%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2005</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">784,256</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+1.79%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2010</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">850,146</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+1.63%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2015</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">869,099</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.44%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2018</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">884,017</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.57%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1px solid black;font-size:85%;text-align:left">Source: World Bank<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Mu charu cha Djibouti muli ŵanthu pafupifupi 921,804.<sup id="cite_ref-UN_WPP_85-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN_WPP-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-UN_WPP_2022_86-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN_WPP_2022-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ni caru ca mitundu yinandi. Ŵanthu ŵa ku malo agha ŵakakura chomene mu hafu yaumaliro ya vyaka vya m'ma 1900, kufuma pa 69,589 mu 1955 kufika pa 869,099 mu 2015. Mtundu ukuru chomene wa ŵanthu awo ŵakukhala mu Djibouti ni Ŵasomali (60%) na Ŵaafara (35%). Chigaŵa cha fuko la Somali chili na ŵanthu ŵa fuko la Issa, awo ŵakulondezgapo ni Gadabuursi na Habar Awal.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ŵanthu 5% awo ŵakukhala mu charu cha Djibouti mbanalume ŵa ku Yemen, Ŵaetiyopiya, na ŵa ku Europe. Ŵanthu 76% ŵakukhala mu matawuni, ndipo ŵanyake ŵakuliska viŵeto. Djibouti nayo wali na ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakufuma ku vyaru vinyake, ndipo msumba wa Djibouti ukuchemeka kuti "French Hong Kong mu Nyanja Yiswesi". Chifukwa chakuti Djibouti wali mumphepete mwa nyanja ya kumafumiro gha dazi kwa Africa, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakufuma ku Somalia, Yemen, na Ethiopia ŵakuluta ku vyaru vya Gulf na kumpoto kwa Africa. Djibouti yapokera ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakufuma ku Yemen.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table style="float:right; clear:right;"> <tbody><tr> <td><div class="PieChartTemplate thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:202px"> <div class="mw-no-invert" style="background-color:white;margin:auto;position:relative;width:200px;height:200px;overflow:hidden;border-radius:100px;border:1px solid black;transform:scaleX(-1)rotate(-90deg)"> <div style="border:solid transparent;background-color: initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 524.21835811132px; border-left-color:Red"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Red"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:Red"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color: initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 307.76835371753px; border-left-color:Green"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Green"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:Green"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color: initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:100px; border-width:58.778525229247px 80.901699437495px 0 0; border-top-color:Blue"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Blue"></div> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> <p>Languages of Djibouti <span style="margin:0px; font-size:90%; display:block;"><span style="border:none; background-color:Blue; color:Blue;">██</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Somali_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Somali language (jani likusangika yayi)">Somali</a> (60%)</span><span style="margin:0px; font-size:90%; display:block;"><span style="border:none; background-color:Green; color:Green;">██</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Afar_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Afar language (jani likusangika yayi)">Afar</a> (35%)</span><span style="margin:0px; font-size:90%; display:block;"><span style="border:none; background-color:Red; color:Red;">██</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabic_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arabic language (jani likusangika yayi)">Arabic</a> (2%)</span><span style="margin:0px; font-size:90%; display:block;"><span style="border:none; background-color:white; color:white;">██</span> Other (3%)</span> </p> </div> </div></div> </td> <td><div class="PieChartTemplate thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:202px"> <div class="mw-no-invert" style="background-color:white;margin:auto;position:relative;width:200px;height:200px;overflow:hidden;border-radius:100px;border:1px solid black;transform:scaleX(-1)rotate(-90deg)"> <div style="border:solid transparent;background-color: initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:0; top:0; border-width:0 200px 200px 0; border-color:Orange"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color: initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 791.58150883059px; border-left-color:DodgerBlue"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:DodgerBlue"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:DodgerBlue"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color: initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 307.76835371753px; border-left-color:Maroon"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Maroon"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:Maroon"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color: initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 93.906250581749px; border-left-color:Green"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Green"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:Green"></div> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> <p>Islam in Djibouti (Pew)<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span style="margin:0px; font-size:90%; display:block;"><span style="border:none; background-color:Green; color:Green;">██</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sunnism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sunnism (jani likusangika yayi)">Sunnism</a> (87%)</span><span style="margin:0px; font-size:90%; display:block;"><span style="border:none; background-color:Maroon; color:Maroon;">██</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Non-denominational_Muslim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Non-denominational Muslim (jani likusangika yayi)">Non-denominational Muslims</a> (8%)</span><span style="margin:0px; font-size:90%; display:block;"><span style="border:none; background-color:DodgerBlue; color:DodgerBlue;">██</span> Other Muslim (3%)</span><span style="margin:0px; font-size:90%; display:block;"><span style="border:none; background-color:Orange; color:Orange;">██</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shiaism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shiaism (jani likusangika yayi)">Shiaism</a> (2%)</span> </p> </div> </div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Languages">Languages</h3></div> <div class="rellink relarticle mainarticle">Nkhani ikulu: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Djibouti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of Djibouti (jani likusangika yayi)">Languages of Djibouti</a></div> <p>Djibouti ni caru ca viyowoyero vinandi. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakuyowoya Chisomali (ŵanthu 524,000) na Chiafar (ŵanthu 306,000). Viyowoyero ivi ni viyowoyero vya ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Somali na Afar. Viyowoyero vyose viŵiri ni vya mu mbumba yikuru ya viyowoyero vya Cushitic. ChiSomali cha kumpoto ndi chiyankhulo chachikulu chomwe chimalankhulidwa mdziko muno komanso m'dera loyandikana nalo la Somaliland, mosiyana ndi ChiSomali cha Benadiri chomwe ndi chiyankhulo chachikulu chomwe chimalankhulidwa ku Somalia. Ku Djibouti kuli viyowoyero viŵiri: Ciarabu na Cifurenci. </p><p>Ciarabu nchakuzirwa comene pa nkhani ya cisopa. Mu chiyowoyero ichi muli chiyowoyero cha Chiarabu icho chikuyowoyeka mazuŵa ghano. Ŵanthu pafupifupi 59,000 ŵakuyowoya chiyowoyero cha Ta'izzi-Adeni, icho chikuchemekaso Chiarabic cha ku Djibouti. Cifurenci ni ciyowoyero ca boma. Chiyowoyero ichi ndicho ŵanthu ŵakasambizgikiranga mu nyengo iyo ŵanthu ŵakakhalanga mu vyaru vinyake. Ŵanthu pafupifupi 17,000 ŵa ku Djibouti ŵakuyowoya chiyowoyero ichi. Viyowoyero vinyake ivyo ŵanthu ŵakuyowoya ni Chiarabic cha ku Oman (ŵanthu 38,900), Chiamharic (ŵanthu 1,400), na Chigiriki (ŵanthu 1,000).<sup id="cite_ref-ethnologue.com_90-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ethnologue.com-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion">Religion</h3></div> <div class="rellink relarticle mainarticle">Nkhani ikulu: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_Djibouti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islam in Djibouti (jani likusangika yayi)">Islam in Djibouti</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Christianity_in_Djibouti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christianity in Djibouti (jani likusangika yayi)">Christianity in Djibouti</a></div> <p>Ŵanthu ŵanandi ku Djibouti Mbasilamu. Ŵanthu pafupifupi 98% mu charu ichi ndiwo ŵakusopa chisopa cha Chisilamu (pa 2022 ŵanthu pafupifupi 891,000). Mu 2012, ŵanthu 94% ŵakaŵa Ŵasilamu ndipo ŵanyake 6% ŵakaŵa Ŵakhristu. </p><p>Chisopa cha Ciislamu cikanjira mu cigaŵa ici mwaluŵiro comene, apo gulu la Ŵasilamu awo ŵakatambuzgikanga ŵakapenja malo ghakubisamamo kujumpha mu Nyanja Yiswesi mu mphinjika ya Africa cifukwa ca kuciskika na nchimi ya Ciislam, Muhammad. Mu 1900, mu nyengo yakwambilira ya muwuso wa Ŵakolone, mu vigaŵa ivi mukaŵavya Ŵakhristu, ndipo pakaŵa waka ŵalondezgi pafupifupi 100-300 awo ŵakafuma ku masukulu na nyumba za ŵalanda za ŵamishonale ŵa Katolika ku French Somaliland. Dango la Djibouti likuti chisopa cha Chisilamu ndicho ntchisopa cha boma pera, kweniso likuti ŵanthu ŵavisopa vyose ŵaŵe ŵakuyana waka (Ndime 1) kweniso wanangwa wakusopa (Ndime 11).<sup id="cite_ref-English_constitution_55-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-English_constitution-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-constitution_56-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-constitution-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ŵasilamu ŵanandi ŵa ku malo agha ŵakulondezga chisopa cha Sunni. Ŵasilamu ŵanandi awo ŵali na cisopa ca Cisilamu ŵali mu visopa vyakupambanapambana. Lipoti la 2008 la International Religious Freedom Report likuti, nangauli Ŵasilamu ŵa ku Djibouti ŵali na wanangwa wa kuwelera ku chisopa chawo panji kutora panji kutengwa kwa munthu wa chisopa chinyake, kweni awo ŵakunjira chisopa ichi ŵakususkika na ŵabali ŵawo, mbumba zawo, panji ŵanthu wose. </p><p>Diocese ya Djibouti yikovwira ŵanthu ŵachoko waka ŵa Katolika awo ŵakukhala mu chigaŵa ichi, awo ŵakukwana 7,000 mu 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Largest_cities">Largest cities</h3></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r111742">.mw-parser-output .largestCities-table-background{background:DeepSkyBlue}.mw-parser-output .largestCities-cell-background{background:PaleTurquoise}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .largestCities-cell-background{background:#153d31}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .largestCities-cell-background{background:#153d31}}</style> <div> <table style="font-size:88%;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 100%; border: 1px solid darkgray;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="10" style="padding:0.3em 0.75em;"><div style="float:right; width:6em; height:2.6em"> </div><div style="float:left; width:6em; height:2.6em"> </div> <div style="height:2.6em;line-height:1.3em;"><span style="font-size:110%;">Misumba panji matauni ghakulu mu charu cha Djibouti</span><br /><div style="display:inline;font-weight:normal;">According to the 2009 Census<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></div> </th></tr> <tr> <th></th> <th>Mndandanda </th> <th> </th> <th>Region </th> <th>Ŵanthu </th> <th> </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="11" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Djibplamar.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Djibouti"><img alt="Djibouti" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Djibplamar.jpg/120px-Djibplamar.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="58" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Djibplamar.jpg/180px-Djibplamar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Djibplamar.jpg/240px-Djibplamar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="348" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Djibouti_(city)" title="Djibouti (city)">Djibouti</a><br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:View_of_Ali_Sabieh.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Ali Sabieh"><img alt="Ali Sabieh" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/View_of_Ali_Sabieh.JPG/120px-View_of_Ali_Sabieh.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/View_of_Ali_Sabieh.JPG/180px-View_of_Ali_Sabieh.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/View_of_Ali_Sabieh.JPG/240px-View_of_Ali_Sabieh.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a></span><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ali_Sabieh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ali Sabieh (jani likusangika yayi)">Ali Sabieh</a> </td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">1</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Djibouti_(city)" title="Djibouti (city)">Djibouti</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Djibouti_Region&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Djibouti Region (jani likusangika yayi)">Djibouti</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">475,322 </td> <td rowspan="11" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Place_Bernard_%C3%A0_Dikhil.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Dikhil"><img alt="Dikhil" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Place_Bernard_%C3%A0_Dikhil.JPG/120px-Place_Bernard_%C3%A0_Dikhil.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="54" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Place_Bernard_%C3%A0_Dikhil.JPG/180px-Place_Bernard_%C3%A0_Dikhil.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Place_Bernard_%C3%A0_Dikhil.JPG/240px-Place_Bernard_%C3%A0_Dikhil.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1272" data-file-height="575" /></a></span><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dikhil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dikhil (jani likusangika yayi)">Dikhil</a><br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tagore.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tadjoura"><img alt="Tadjoura" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Tagore.jpg/120px-Tagore.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Tagore.jpg/180px-Tagore.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Tagore.jpg/240px-Tagore.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="779" /></a></span><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tadjoura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tadjoura (jani likusangika yayi)">Tadjoura</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">2</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ali_Sabieh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ali Sabieh (jani likusangika yayi)">Ali Sabieh</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ali_Sabieh_Region&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ali Sabieh Region (jani likusangika yayi)">Ali Sabieh</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">37,939 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">3</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dikhil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dikhil (jani likusangika yayi)">Dikhil</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dikhil_Region&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dikhil Region (jani likusangika yayi)">Dikhil</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">24,886 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">4</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tadjoura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tadjoura (jani likusangika yayi)">Tadjoura</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tadjourah_Region&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tadjourah Region (jani likusangika yayi)">Tadjourah</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">14,820 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">5</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arta,_Djibouti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arta, Djibouti (jani likusangika yayi)">Arta</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arta_Region&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arta Region (jani likusangika yayi)">Arta</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">13,260 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">6</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Obock&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Obock (jani likusangika yayi)">Obock</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Obock_Region&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Obock Region (jani likusangika yayi)">Obock</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">11,706 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">7</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ali_Adde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ali Adde (jani likusangika yayi)">Ali Adde</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ali_Sabieh_Region&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ali Sabieh Region (jani likusangika yayi)">Ali Sabieh</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">3,500 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">8</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holhol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Holhol (jani likusangika yayi)">Holhol</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ali_Sabieh_Region&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ali Sabieh Region (jani likusangika yayi)">Ali Sabieh</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">3,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">9</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airolaf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Airolaf (jani likusangika yayi)">Airolaf</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tadjourah_Region&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tadjourah Region (jani likusangika yayi)">Tadjourah</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,023 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">10</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Randa,_Djibouti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Randa, Djibouti (jani likusangika yayi)">Randa</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tadjourah_Region&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tadjourah Region (jani likusangika yayi)">Tadjourah</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,023 </td></tr> </tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Health">Health</h3></div> <div class="rellink relarticle mainarticle">Nkhani ikulu: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Health_in_Djibouti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Health in Djibouti (jani likusangika yayi)">Health in Djibouti</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Isssdjib1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Isssdjib1.jpg/170px-Isssdjib1.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Isssdjib1.jpg/255px-Isssdjib1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Isssdjib1.jpg/340px-Isssdjib1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="2048" /></a><figcaption>Entrance to the ISSS Faculty of Medicine in Djibouti City</figcaption></figure> <p>Ŵanalume na ŵanakazi wose ŵakukhala vyaka pafupifupi 64.7. Ŵanakazi wose ŵakubaba ŵana 2.35 pa mwanakazi yumoza. Ku Djibouti kuli ŵadokotala pafupifupi 18 pa ŵanthu 100,000. </p><p>Mu 2010, ku Djibouti, ŵana 100,000 ŵakufwa pa ŵanakazi 300. Pa ciŵelengero ici pakaŵa 461,6 mu 2008 na 606,5 mu 1990. Ŵana awo ŵakufwa para ŵandafike vyaka vinkhondi pa ŵana 1,000 ŵakufwa 95, ndipo ŵana awo ŵakufwa para ŵandafike vyaka vinkhondi ŵakufwa 37. Ku Djibouti, pa ŵana 1,000 awo ŵakubabika, pali ŵabwezi 6 ndipo pa ŵanakazi 93 ŵaliwose, yumoza wakufwa. </p><p>Pafupifupi 93.1% ya ŵanakazi na ŵasungwana ŵa ku Djibouti ŵali kupika viŵaro vya ŵanakazi (Female Genital Mutilation, panji kuti 'Female Circumcision'), nkharo iyo ŵanthu ŵakuchita pambere ŵandatorane.<sup id="cite_ref-Rohayes_93-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rohayes-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bodman_94-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bodman-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nangauli dango likakanizga nthowa iyi mu 1994, kweni ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵachali kuyigwiliskira ntchito. Ŵanakazi ndiwo ŵakuchiska kuti ŵanakazi ŵachitenge ivi, ndipo chilato chake ntchakuti ŵaleke kuchita uzaghali.<sup id="cite_ref-Djiwfm_95-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Djiwfm-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Frayser_96-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Frayser-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pafupifupi 94% ya ŵanalume ŵa ku Djibouti ŵali kukotoleka.<sup id="cite_ref-Ahuja_97-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ahuja-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Education">Education</h3></div> <div class="rellink relarticle mainarticle">Nkhani ikulu: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Education_in_Djibouti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Education in Djibouti (jani likusangika yayi)">Education in Djibouti</a></div> <p>Boma la Djibouti likuwona kuti kusambizga ŵanthu nkhwakuzirwa comene. Kwambira mu 2009, boma ili likupeleka ndalama 20.5% pa bajeti yake.<sup id="cite_ref-infodev.org_98-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-infodev.org-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Djibwomglopul.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Djibwomglopul.jpeg/220px-Djibwomglopul.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/df/Djibwomglopul.jpeg 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="265" /></a><figcaption>Ŵanakazi ŵa ku Djibouti ŵakuchitako mulimo wa Global Pulse (2010)</figcaption></figure> <p>Pakwamba masambiro gha ku Djibouti ghakaŵa gha ŵana ŵachoko waka. Ntheura, masukulu agha ghakaŵa gha ŵanthu awo ŵakasambizgikanga makora chomene ndipo ghakaŵa ghakuyana na umo vinthu vikaŵira mu nyengo ya ufumu wa France.<sup id="cite_ref-infodev.org_98-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-infodev.org-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kuumaliro kwa m'ma 1990, boma la Djibouti likasintha ndondomeko ya masambiro ya caru cose na kwamba ndondomeko yikuru ya kucezga na ŵalara ŵa boma, ŵasambizgi, ŵapapi, ŵimiliri ŵa wumba wa caru cose na mawupu gha boma yayi. Mu upharazgi uwu, ŵakalongosora vigaŵa ivyo vikukhumbikwira kuŵikapo mtima ndipo ŵakapeleka ulongozgi wakovwira. Kufuma apo, boma likanozga pulani yakunozga vinthu kuti pa nyengo ya 2000-10, sukulu ziŵe zapachanya. Mu Ogasiti 2000, likapeleka dango lakuyowoya za ndondomeko ya masambiro ndipo likanozga ndondomeko ya umo vinthu viŵirenge mu vyaka vinkhondi. Masambiro gha ku pulayimale ghakaŵa ghakukhozga comene ndipo sono ghakusazgapo masambiro gha vyaka vinkhondi gha ku pulayimale na vyaka vinayi vya ku sekondare. Ŵasambizgi ŵa masukulu gha sekondare nawo ŵakwenera kuŵa na chikalata chakulongora kuti ŵali kusambira dankha sukulu. Kweniso, dango liphya likapangiska kuti paŵe masambiro gha ku sekondare na ku yunivesite.<sup id="cite_ref-infodev.org_98-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-infodev.org-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Chifukwa cha Dango la Kupanga Mapulani gha Sukulu na ndondomeko ya kucitapo kanthu kwa nyengo yitali, vinthu vikwenda makora comene mu cigaŵa cose ca masambiro. Ŵana awo ŵakunjira sukulu, awo ŵakuluta ku sukulu, na awo ŵakulutilira kusambira, ŵakusazgikira comene, kweni ŵakupambana mu vyaru vinyake. Kwambira mu 2004 m'paka mu 2005 m'paka mu 2007, chiŵelengero cha ŵasungwana awo ŵakasambiranga sukulu za pulayimare chikakwera na 18.6%, ndipo cha ŵanyamata chikakwera na 8.0%. Pa nyengo yeneyiyo, ŵana ŵanakazi awo ŵakasambiranga sukulu ya sekondare ŵakakwera na 72.4% ndipo ŵana ŵanalume ŵakakwera na 52.2%. Pa sukulu ya sekondare, chiŵelengero cha ŵasungwana awo ŵakalembeskanga chikakwera pa 49.8% na 56.1% pa ŵasungwana. </p><p>Boma la Djibouti laŵika mtima comene pa kupanga na kusazgirako vinthu vyakwendeskera masukulu na vinthu vyakovwira kusambizga, kusazgapo kuzenga masukulu ghaphya na kupeleka mabuku. Pa masambiro gha ku sekondare, ŵakuŵikapo mtima kuti ŵasambizge ŵana awo ŵali na maluso kweniso kuti ŵachinyamata awo ŵandafike ku sukulu ŵasambire ntchito. Mu 2012, chiŵelengero cha ŵanthu awo ŵakumanya kuŵazga na kulemba ku Djibouti chikaŵa 70%. </p><p>Mu charu ichi muli masukulu ghapachanya nga ni Yunivesite ya Djibouti. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mwambo">Mwambo</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r33382"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Wonani vinandi: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Culture_of_Djibouti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Culture of Djibouti (jani likusangika yayi)">Culture of Djibouti</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wood_jar_from_Oue%60a,_Tadjoura,_Djibouti.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Wood_jar_from_Oue%60a%2C_Tadjoura%2C_Djibouti.jpg/150px-Wood_jar_from_Oue%60a%2C_Tadjoura%2C_Djibouti.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Wood_jar_from_Oue%60a%2C_Tadjoura%2C_Djibouti.jpg/225px-Wood_jar_from_Oue%60a%2C_Tadjoura%2C_Djibouti.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Wood_jar_from_Oue%60a%2C_Tadjoura%2C_Djibouti.jpg/300px-Wood_jar_from_Oue%60a%2C_Tadjoura%2C_Djibouti.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2736" data-file-height="3648" /></a><figcaption>Traditional wood-carved jar from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oued_Ouea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oued Ouea (jani likusangika yayi)">Oue'a</a> in the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tadjourah_Region&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tadjourah Region (jani likusangika yayi)">Tadjourah</a> region</figcaption></figure> <p>Kavwaliro ka ŵanthu ŵa ku Djibouti kakulongora kuti malo agha ngakotcha chomene. Para ŵanalume ŵandavware malaya gha ku Western nga ni jeans na T-shirts, kanandi ŵakuvwara malaya ghakuchemeka macawiis. Ŵanthu ŵanandi awo ŵakukhala mu vyaru vinyake ŵakuvwara munjilira utuŵa wakuchemeka tobe. </p><p>Kanandi ŵanakazi ŵakuvwara dirak, ilo ni munjilira utali, wakupepuka, wakuvwara chigudulu chakuchita na thonje panji polyester. Ŵanakazi ŵakutengwa ŵakuvwara chigudulu (shash) ndipo kanandi ŵakubisa thupi lawo na chakuvwara chakuchemeka garbasaar. Ndipouli, ŵanakazi ŵambura kutengwa panji ŵawukirano nyengo zose ŵakubisa mutu yayi. Ŵanalume ŵakugwiliskira ntchito malaya gha ku Arabia nga ni jellabiya (jellabiyaad mu Chisomali) na jilbāb ya ŵanakazi. Pa viphikiro vinyake, ŵanakazi ŵakuvwara vitoweskero na vyakuvwara vyakutowa nga ni ivyo ŵanthu ŵa ku Maghreb ŵakuvwara.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Vinthu vinandi vya ku Djibouti vikusangika mu sumu. Mu nyumba za mu tawuni iyi muli visambizgo vinandi vya Cisilamu, Ottoman, na Cifurenci. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Music">Music</h3></div> <div class="rellink relarticle mainarticle">Nkhani ikulu: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_of_Djibouti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Music of Djibouti (jani likusangika yayi)">Music of Djibouti</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Oud_-_MIM_PHX.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Oud_-_MIM_PHX.jpg/130px-Oud_-_MIM_PHX.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="217" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Oud_-_MIM_PHX.jpg/195px-Oud_-_MIM_PHX.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Oud_-_MIM_PHX.jpg/260px-Oud_-_MIM_PHX.jpg 2x" data-file-width="383" data-file-height="640" /></a><figcaption>Sumu ya oud yikuzunulika comene mu sumu za ku Djibouti.</figcaption></figure> <p>Ŵanthu ŵa ku Somalia ŵali na sumu zinandi izo zikufuma ku ŵanthu ŵa ku Somalia. Sumu zinandi za ku Somalia zikuŵa na sumu za pentatonic. Fundo iyi yikung'anamura kuti ŵakugwiliskira ntchito tuvizingo tuchoko waka pa octave, mwakupambana na tuvizingo tuchokotuchoko (tuŵiri) nga ni major scale. Pakudanga kupulika, sumu za ku Somalia zingawoneka nga ni za ku vigaŵa vyapafupi nga ni Ethiopia, Sudan panji Arabia, kweni paumaliro zikumanyikwa na sumu zake na masitayelo ghake. Sumu za ku Somalia kanandi zikulembeka na ŵanthu awo ŵakulemba mazgu (midho), awo ŵakulemba sumu (laxan) na ŵakwimba (codka panji "mazgu"). Balwo ni sumu ya ku Somalia iyo yikuyowoya vya chitemwa ndipo yikumanyikwa chomene ku Djibouti.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sumu za Afar zikuyana na sumu za ŵanthu ŵa mu vigaŵa vinyake vya ku Africa nga ni Ethiopia. Mbiri ya Djibouti yili kulembeka mu sumu za ŵanthu awo ŵakakhalanga mu charu ichi. Mabuku agho ŵanthu ŵakulemba pa mulomo ghakulongosoraso sumu. Pali mitundu yinandi ya sumu izi, kusazgapo sumu za ukwati, za nkhondo, za malumbo na kujithumbwa.<sup id="cite_ref-expedition_101-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-expedition-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Literature">Literature</h3></div> <div class="rellink relarticle mainarticle">Nkhani ikulu: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Literature_of_Djibouti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Literature of Djibouti (jani likusangika yayi)">Literature of Djibouti</a></div> <p>Charu cha Djibouti chili na mitheto ya sumu. Vinyake ivyo ŵanthu ŵa ku Somalia ŵakulemba ni gabay, jiifto, geeraar, wiglo, 'buraanbur, beercade, afarey na guuraw. Sumu iyi njitali comene ndipo kanandi yikujumpha mizere 100. Para munthu muwukirano wakulemba ndime za mtundu uwu, wakuŵa wakukwana. Gulu la ŵanthu awo ŵakasunganga pamtima na kuŵazga (hafidayaal) ndiwo ŵakasambizganga ŵanthu luso ili. Mu sumu zake muli nkhani zinandi, nga ni baroorodiiq (vyakuyowoya), amaan (kulumba), jacayl (kutemwana), guhaadin (kusesa), digasho (kusekelera) na guubaabo (kulongozga). Baroorodiiq yikupangika kuti yikumbukire nyifwa ya munthu wakumanyikwa.<sup id="cite_ref-Abdullahi75_102-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Abdullahi75-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ŵa Afar ŵakumanya makora mazgu ghakuti ginnili, agho ghakung'anamura mulongozgi wa nkhondo na wakuwukwa. Kweniso ŵali na sumu zinandi za nkhondo. </p><p>Kweniso charu cha Djibouti chili na mabuku ghanandi gha Cisilamu. Mu mabuku ghanyake ghakumanyikwa chomene gha mdauko wa ŵanthu, muli buku lakuti Futuh Al-Habash la Shihāb al-Dīn, ilo likulongosora umo ŵasilikari ŵa Adal ŵakathereskera charu cha Abyssinia mu vyaka vya m'ma 1500.<sup id="cite_ref-Shihab_103-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shihab-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mu vyaka vyasonosono apa, ŵandyali na ŵanthu ŵanyake ŵavinjeru ŵalembapo vya caru ici. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sport">Sport</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:El_Hadj_Hassan_Gouled_Aptidon_Stadium.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/El_Hadj_Hassan_Gouled_Aptidon_Stadium.jpg/220px-El_Hadj_Hassan_Gouled_Aptidon_Stadium.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/El_Hadj_Hassan_Gouled_Aptidon_Stadium.jpg/330px-El_Hadj_Hassan_Gouled_Aptidon_Stadium.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/El_Hadj_Hassan_Gouled_Aptidon_Stadium.jpg/440px-El_Hadj_Hassan_Gouled_Aptidon_Stadium.jpg 2x" data-file-width="575" data-file-height="361" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=El_Hadj_Hassan_Gouled_Aptidon_Stadium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="El Hadj Hassan Gouled Aptidon Stadium (jani likusangika yayi)">El Hadj Hassan Gouled Aptidon Stadium</a> in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Djibouti_City&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Djibouti City (jani likusangika yayi)">Djibouti City</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Mpira wa pasi ni maseŵero agho ŵanthu ŵa ku Djibouti ŵakutemwa comene. Charu ichi chikaŵa chiŵaro cha FIFA mu 1994, kweni chikachitako waka maseŵero gha ku Africa Cup of Nations kweniso FIFA World Cup mu vyaka vya m'ma 2000. Mu Novembala 2007, timu ya mpira ya Djibouti yikathereska timu ya chalo cha Somalia na 1?? 0 mu vigaŵa vya FIFA World Cup ya 2010, ndipo iyi yikaŵa nkhonyo yake yakwamba ya World Cup. </p><p>Sonosono apa, wupu wa World Archery Federation wawovwira kukhazikiska wupu wa Djibouti Archery Federation, ndipo wupu wa Arta ukuzenga malo ghakusambizgirako ŵanthu kuwombera uta. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cuisine">Cuisine</h3></div> <div class="rellink relarticle mainarticle">Nkhani ikulu: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Djiboutian_cuisine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Djiboutian cuisine (jani likusangika yayi)">Djiboutian cuisine</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sambusadish.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Sambusadish.jpg/200px-Sambusadish.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Sambusadish.jpg/300px-Sambusadish.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Sambusadish.jpg/400px-Sambusadish.jpg 2x" data-file-width="498" data-file-height="374" /></a><figcaption>A plate of <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Samosa (jani likusangika yayi)">sambusas</a></i>, a popular traditional snack</figcaption></figure> <p>Vyakurya vya ku Djibouti ni vyakurya vya ku Somalia, Afar, Yemen, na French, pamoza na vyakurya vinyake vya ku South Asia. Vyakurya vya ku malo agha vikunozgeka na vyakununkhira vinandi vya ku Middle East. Somba za ku Yemen izo ŵakuphika mu viŵiya vyakuchemeka tandoori ni zakunozgeka chomene. Vyakurya vyakunowa vikuŵa vyakupambanapambana, kufuma ku Fah-fah panji "Soupe Djiboutienne" (supu yakunowa ya nyama ya ng'ombe) m'paka ku yetakelt wet (supu yakunowa ya vyakurya vyakunowa). Xalwo panji halva ni cakurya cakumanyikwa ico ŵanthu ŵakurya pa viphikiro nga ni Eid panji ukwati. Halva wakupangika na shuga, chiŵiya cha mbuto, makhadamoni, chiŵiya cha mtovu, na ghee. Nyengo zinyake ŵakusazgako phere kuti liŵe liwemi.<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Para ŵanthu ŵarya, ŵakutemwa kununkhira na vyakununkhira (cuunsi) panji lubani. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Wonaniso">Wonaniso</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Index_of_Djibouti-related_articles&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Index of Djibouti-related articles (jani likusangika yayi)">Index of Djibouti-related articles</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outline_of_Djibouti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Outline of Djibouti (jani likusangika yayi)">Outline of Djibouti</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vyakulemba">Vyakulemba</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r33308">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:IPA/English&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Help:IPA/English (jani likusangika yayi)">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/dʒ/: 'j' in 'jam'">dʒ</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'b' in 'buy'">b</span><span title="/uː/: 'oo' in 'goose'">uː</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key (jani likusangika yayi)"><i title="English pronunciation respelling">jih-<span style="font-size:90%">BOO</span>-tee</i></a>; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabic_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arabic language (jani likusangika yayi)">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">جيبوتي</span>, <small>romanized: </small><span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">Jībūtī</i></span>; <a href="/w/index.php?title=French_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="French language (jani likusangika yayi)">French</a>: <i lang="fr">Djibouti</i>; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Somali_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Somali language (jani likusangika yayi)">Somali</a>: <i lang="so">Jabuuti</i>; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Afar_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Afar language (jani likusangika yayi)">Afar</a>: <i lang="aa">Yibuuti</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><div><ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabic_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arabic language (jani likusangika yayi)">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">جمهورية جيبوتي</span>, <small>romanized: </small><span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">Jumhūrīyah Jībūtī</i></span></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="French language (jani likusangika yayi)">French</a>: <i lang="fr">République de Djibouti</i></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Somali_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Somali language (jani likusangika yayi)">Somali</a>: <i lang="so">Jamhuuriyadda Jabuuti</i></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afar_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Afar language (jani likusangika yayi)">Afar</a>: <i lang="aa">Gabuutih Ummuuno</i></li></ul></div></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">The Djiboutian–Somali border is <i>de jure</i> controlled by the internationally recognized Federal Republic of Somalia, but is <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_states_with_limited_recognition&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of states with limited recognition (jani likusangika yayi)">de facto</a></i> under the control of the unrecognized <a href="/w/index.php?title=Republic_of_Somaliland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Republic of Somaliland (jani likusangika yayi)">Republic of Somaliland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ukaboni">Ukaboni</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r33308"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-CIA-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-CIA_1-0">1.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-CIA_1-1">1.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-CIA_1-2">1.2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-CIA_1-3">1.3</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-CIA_1-4">1.4</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-CIA_1-5">1.5</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-CIA_1-6">1.6</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-CIA_1-7">1.7</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-CIA_1-8">1.8</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r111728">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/djibouti/">"Djibouti"</a>. <i>The World Factbook</i>. CIA. 5 Febuluwale 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 Febuluwale</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.atitle=Djibouti&rft.date=2013-02-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fcountries%2Fdjibouti%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eiu.com/n/campaigns/democracy-index-2020/">"Democracy Index 2020"</a>. <i>Economist Intelligence Unit</i> (in British English)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 Disembala</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Economist+Intelligence+Unit&rft.atitle=Democracy+Index+2020&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.eiu.com%2Fn%2Fcampaigns%2Fdemocracy-index-2020%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cbs-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-cbs_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-503543_162-20055835-503543/the-worlds-enduring-dictators/">The world's enduring dictators</a>". CBS News. May 16, 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/djibouti">"Djibouti"</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_World_Factbook&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The World Factbook (jani likusangika yayi)">The World Factbook</a></i> (2024 ed.). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Intelligence_Agency&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Central Intelligence Agency (jani likusangika yayi)">Central Intelligence Agency</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 Juni</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.atitle=Djibouti&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fcountries%2Fdjibouti&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-imf2-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-imf2_5-0">5.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-imf2_5-1">5.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-imf2_5-2">5.2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-imf2_5-3">5.3</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2022/October">"World Economic Outlook Database, October 2022"</a>. <i>IMF.org</i>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Monetary_Fund&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Monetary Fund (jani likusangika yayi)">International Monetary Fund</a>. Okutobala 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 Okutobala</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IMF.org&rft.atitle=World+Economic+Outlook+Database%2C+October+2022&rft.date=2022-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imf.org%2Fen%2FPublications%2FWEO%2Fweo-database%2F2022%2FOctober&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cia-gini-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-cia-gini_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/gini-index-coefficient-distribution-of-family-income/country-comparison/">"Gini Index coefficient"</a>. CIA World Factbook<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 Ogasiti</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gini+Index+coefficient&rft.pub=CIA+World+Factbook&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Ffield%2Fgini-index-coefficient-distribution-of-family-income%2Fcountry-comparison%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UNHDR-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-UNHDR_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2021-22pdf_1.pdf">"Human Development Report 2021/2022"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in English). <a href="/w/index.php?title=United_Nations_Development_Programme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="United Nations Development Programme (jani likusangika yayi)">United Nations Development Programme</a>. 8 Sekutembala 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 Sekutembala</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Human+Development+Report+2021%2F2022&rft.pub=United+Nations+Development+Programme&rft.date=2022-09-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhdr.undp.org%2Fsystem%2Ffiles%2Fdocuments%2Fglobal-report-document%2Fhdr2021-22pdf_1.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite id="CITEREFMylonas" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Mylonas, Harris. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ponarseurasia.org/de-facto-states-unbound/">"De Facto States Unbound - PONARS Eurasia"</a>. <i>PONARS Eurasia</i> (in American English)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 Epulelo</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PONARS+Eurasia&rft.atitle=De+Facto+States+Unbound+-+PONARS+Eurasia&rft.aulast=Mylonas&rft.aufirst=Harris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ponarseurasia.org%2Fde-facto-states-unbound%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite id="CITEREFKer-Lindsay2012" class="citation book cs1">Ker-Lindsay, James (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/811620848"><i>The foreign policy of counter secession: preventing the recognition of contested states</i></a> (1st ed.). Oxford University Press. pp. 58–59. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-161197-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-161197-1"><bdi>978-0-19-161197-1</bdi></a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=OCLC_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OCLC (identifier) (jani likusangika yayi)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/811620848">811620848</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+foreign+policy+of+counter+secession%3A+preventing+the+recognition+of+contested+states&rft.pages=58-59&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2012&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F811620848&rft.isbn=978-0-19-161197-1&rft.aulast=Ker-Lindsay&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F811620848&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Uwechue-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Uwechue_13-0">10.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Uwechue_13-1">10.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Raph Uwechue, <i>Africa year book and who's who</i>, (Africa Journal Ltd.: 1977), p. 209 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0903274051" title="Special:BookSources/0903274051">0903274051</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EB-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-EB_14-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Zaila"><a class="external text" href="https://tum.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Zaila">"Zaila" </a></span>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (jani likusangika yayi)">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i> (in English). Vol. 28 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 950.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Zaila&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=950&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Apcoatf-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Apcoatf_15-0">12.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Apcoatf_15-1">12.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>A Political Chronology of Africa</i>, (Taylor & Francis: 2001), p. 132 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1857431162" title="Special:BookSources/1857431162">1857431162</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EB1911_Somaliland_Hist-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_Somaliland_Hist_16-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Somaliland#History of French Somalia"><a class="external text" href="https://tum.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Somaliland#History_of_French_Somalia">"Somalia: History of French Somaliland" </a></span>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (jani likusangika yayi)">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i> (in English). Vol. 25 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 383.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Somalia%3A+History+of+French+Somaliland&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=383&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.historyorb.com/countries/djibouti">"Today in Djibouti History"</a>. Historyorb.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110516125612/http://www.historyorb.com/countries/djibouti">Archived</a> from the original on 16 Meyi 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 Epulelo</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Today+in+Djibouti+History&rft.pub=Historyorb.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.historyorb.com%2Fcountries%2Fdjibouti&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.un.org/en/members/index.shtml#d">"United Nations member states"</a>. United Nations. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131230101646/http://www.un.org/en/members/index.shtml#d">Archived</a> from the original on 30 Disembala 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 Epulelo</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=United+Nations+member+states&rft.pub=United+Nations&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.un.org%2Fen%2Fmembers%2Findex.shtml%23d&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/countries-of-the-world-that-are-named-after-legendary-figures.html">"Countries Of The World That Are Named After Legendary Figures"</a>. <i>Worldatlas</i>. 7 Ogasiti 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Worldatlas&rft.atitle=Countries+Of+The+World+That+Are+Named+After+Legendary+Figures&rft.date=2018-08-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldatlas.com%2Farticles%2Fcountries-of-the-world-that-are-named-after-legendary-figures.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite id="CITEREFN.Y.)2008" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">N.Y.), Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gr5BgOwEJicC&q=Djehuti+Thoth"><i>Beyond Babylon: Art, Trade, and Diplomacy in the Second Millennium B.C.</i></a> (in English). Metropolitan Museum of Art. p. 361. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-58839-295-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-58839-295-4"><bdi>978-1-58839-295-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Beyond+Babylon%3A+Art%2C+Trade%2C+and+Diplomacy+in+the+Second+Millennium+B.C.&rft.pages=361&rft.pub=Metropolitan+Museum+of+Art&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-1-58839-295-4&rft.aulast=N.Y.%29&rft.aufirst=Metropolitan+Museum+of+Art+%28New+York&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dgr5BgOwEJicC%26q%3DDjehuti%2BThoth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Blench143144-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Blench143144_21-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite id="CITEREFBlench2006" class="citation book cs1">Blench, R. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=esFy3Po57A8C"><i>Archaeology, Language, and the African Past</i></a>. Rowman Altamira. pp. 143–144. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0759104662" title="Special:BookSources/978-0759104662"><bdi>978-0759104662</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140914171419/http://www.google.com/books?id=esFy3Po57A8C">Archived</a> from the original on 14 Sekutembala 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 Sekutembala</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Archaeology%2C+Language%2C+and+the+African+Past&rft.pages=143-144&rft.pub=Rowman+Altamira&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0759104662&rft.aulast=Blench&rft.aufirst=R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DesFy3Po57A8C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Zarins, Juris (1990), "Early Pastoral Nomadism and the Settlement of Lower Mesopotamia", (Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Diamond J, Bellwood P (2003) Farmers and Their Languages: The First Expansions SCIENCE 300, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Doi_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doi (identifier) (jani likusangika yayi)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.1078208">10.1126/science.1078208</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ohvah-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Ohvah_24-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite id="CITEREFWalter_Raunig2005" class="citation book cs1">Walter Raunig, Steffen Wenig (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JpNY7VPn1WUC"><i>Afrikas Horn</i></a>. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. p. 439. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3447051750" title="Special:BookSources/978-3447051750"><bdi>978-3447051750</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140914164620/http://www.google.com/books?id=JpNY7VPn1WUC">Archived</a> from the original on 14 Sekutembala 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 Sekutembala</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Afrikas+Horn&rft.pages=439&rft.pub=Otto+Harrassowitz+Verlag&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-3447051750&rft.aulast=Walter+Raunig&rft.aufirst=Steffen+Wenig&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJpNY7VPn1WUC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-25">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite id="CITEREFFinneran2013" class="citation book cs1">Finneran, Niall (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MNGIzz1VJH0C"><i>The Archaeology of Ethiopia</i></a>. Routledge. p. 86. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1136755521" title="Special:BookSources/978-1136755521"><bdi>978-1136755521</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 Disembala</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Archaeology+of+Ethiopia&rft.pages=86&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1136755521&rft.aulast=Finneran&rft.aufirst=Niall&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMNGIzz1VJH0C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-26">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite id="CITEREFBreasted1906–1907" class="citation cs2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Henry_Breasted&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="James Henry Breasted (jani likusangika yayi)">Breasted, John Henry</a> (1906–1907), <i>Ancient Records of Egypt: Historical Documents from the Earliest Times to the Persian Conquest, collected, edited, and translated, with Commentary</i>, vol. 1, University of Chicago Press, pp. 246–295</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ancient+Records+of+Egypt%3A+Historical+Documents+from+the+Earliest+Times+to+the+Persian+Conquest%2C+collected%2C+edited%2C+and+translated%2C+with+Commentary&rft.pages=246-295&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=1906%2F1907&rft.aulast=Breasted&rft.aufirst=John+Henry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wheeler_pg_526-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Wheeler_pg_526_27-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Wheeler pg 526</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kitto2-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Kitto2_28-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">John Kitto, James Taylor, <i>The popular cyclopædia of Biblical literature: condensed from the larger work</i>, (Gould and Lincoln: 1856), p.302.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-29">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite id="CITEREFLewis1999" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Lewis, I. M. (1 Janyuwale 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=eK6SBJIckIsC&pg=PA17"><i>A Pastoral Democracy: A Study of Pastoralism and Politics Among the Northern Somali of the Horn of Africa</i></a> (in English). James Currey Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780852552803" title="Special:BookSources/9780852552803"><bdi>9780852552803</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Pastoral+Democracy%3A+A+Study+of+Pastoralism+and+Politics+Among+the+Northern+Somali+of+the+Horn+of+Africa&rft.pub=James+Currey+Publishers&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.isbn=9780852552803&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=I.+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DeK6SBJIckIsC%26pg%3DPA17&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-30">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite id="CITEREFShinnOfcansky2013" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Shinn, David H.; Ofcansky, Thomas P. (11 Epulelo 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=WU92d6sB8JAC&pg=PA20"><i>Historical Dictionary of Ethiopia</i></a> (in English). Scarecrow Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780810874572" title="Special:BookSources/9780810874572"><bdi>9780810874572</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historical+Dictionary+of+Ethiopia&rft.pub=Scarecrow+Press&rft.date=2013-04-11&rft.isbn=9780810874572&rft.aulast=Shinn&rft.aufirst=David+H.&rft.au=Ofcansky%2C+Thomas+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWU92d6sB8JAC%26pg%3DPA20&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-31">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite id="CITEREFPieter2013" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Pieter, Esterhuysen (7 Disembala 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=f2R8AgAAQBAJ&pg=PA347"><i>Africa A to Z: Continental and Country Profiles: Third Edition</i></a> (in English). Africa Institute of South Africa. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780798303446" title="Special:BookSources/9780798303446"><bdi>9780798303446</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Africa+A+to+Z%3A+Continental+and+Country+Profiles%3A+Third+Edition&rft.pub=Africa+Institute+of+South+Africa&rft.date=2013-12-07&rft.isbn=9780798303446&rft.aulast=Pieter&rft.aufirst=Esterhuysen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Df2R8AgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA347&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Btgpb-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Btgpb_32-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite id="CITEREFBriggs2012" class="citation book cs1">Briggs, Phillip (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=M6NI2FejIuwC"><i>Somaliland</i></a>. Bradt Travel Guides. p. 7. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1841623719" title="Special:BookSources/978-1841623719"><bdi>978-1841623719</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141012210057/http://www.google.com/books?id=M6NI2FejIuwC">Archived</a> from the original on 12 Okutobala 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 Disembala</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Somaliland&rft.pages=7&rft.pub=Bradt+Travel+Guides&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-1841623719&rft.aulast=Briggs&rft.aufirst=Phillip&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DM6NI2FejIuwC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Historical_sources-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Historical_sources_33-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://image.prntscr.com/image/OhfIs5KhR-yhBdrzIq922w.png">"Image: The Travels of Al-Yaqubi"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PNG)</span>. <i>Image.prntsacr.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 Novembala</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Image.prntsacr.com&rft.atitle=Image%3A+The+Travels+of+Al-Yaqubi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fimage.prntscr.com%2Fimage%2FOhfIs5KhR-yhBdrzIq922w.png&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Somalia-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Somalia_34-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Mohamed Haji Mukhtar, <i>Historical Dictionary of Somalia</i>, new edn, African Historical Dictionary Series, 87 (Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press, 2003), s.v. <i>Awdal</i> [p. 44]; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0810843447" title="Special:BookSources/0810843447">0810843447</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-35">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">M. H. Mukhtar, 'Adal Sultanate', in <i>The Encyclopedia of Empire</i> (Wiley, 2016), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Doi_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doi (identifier) (jani likusangika yayi)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2F9781118455074.wbeoe145">10.1002/9781118455074.wbeoe145</a>; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781118455074" title="Special:BookSources/9781118455074">9781118455074</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Encyamer1-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Encyamer1_36-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OP5LAAAAMAAJ"><i>Encyclopedia Americana, Volume 25</i></a>. Americana Corporation. 1965. p. 255.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+Americana%2C+Volume+25&rft.pages=255&rft.pub=Americana+Corporation&rft.date=1965&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DOP5LAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewispohoa-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Lewispohoa_37-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite id="CITEREFLewis1955" class="citation book cs1">Lewis, I.M. (1955). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Cd0mAQAAMAAJ"><i>Peoples of the Horn of Africa: Somali, Afar and Saho</i></a>. International African Institute. p. 140.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Peoples+of+the+Horn+of+Africa%3A+Somali%2C+Afar+and+Saho&rft.pages=140&rft.pub=International+African+Institute&rft.date=1955&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=I.M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DCd0mAQAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-38">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Melton, J. Gordon and Baumann, Martin (2010) <i>Religions of the World,</i> Second Edition: A Comprehensive Encyclopedia of Beliefs and Practices. ABC-CLIO. p. 2663. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1598842048" title="Special:BookSources/1598842048">1598842048</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-39">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Jalata, Asafa (2004) <i>State Crises, Globalisation, And National Movements in North-east Africa</i>. Routledge. pp. 3–4. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0415348102" title="Special:BookSources/0415348102">0415348102</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Leo-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Leo_40-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite id="CITEREFAfricanus1526" class="citation book cs1">Africanus, Leo (1526). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/historyanddescr03porygoog#page/n180/mode/2up"><i>The History and Description of Africa</i></a>. Hakluyt Society. pp. 51–54.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+History+and+Description+of+Africa&rft.pages=51-54&rft.pub=Hakluyt+Society&rft.date=1526&rft.aulast=Africanus&rft.aufirst=Leo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fhistoryanddescr03porygoog%23page%2Fn180%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Michigan-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Michigan_41-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8QAOAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA115"><i>Northeast African Studies</i></a>. Vol. 11. African Studies Center, Michigan State University. 1989. p. 115.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Northeast+African+Studies&rft.pages=115&rft.pub=African+Studies+Center%2C+Michigan+State+University&rft.date=1989&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8QAOAQAAMAAJ%26pg%3DPA115&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Houtsma-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Houtsma_42-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite id="CITEREFHoutsma1987" class="citation book cs1">Houtsma, M. Th (1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zJU3AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA125"><i>E.J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam, 1913–1936</i></a>. BRILL. pp. 125–126. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9004082654" title="Special:BookSources/9004082654"><bdi>9004082654</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=E.J.+Brill%27s+First+Encyclopaedia+of+Islam%2C+1913%E2%80%931936&rft.pages=125-126&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=9004082654&rft.aulast=Houtsma&rft.aufirst=M.+Th&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DzJU3AAAAIAAJ%26pg%3DPA125&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fukui-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Fukui_43-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite id="CITEREFFukui1997" class="citation book cs1">Fukui, Katsuyoshi (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7KpyAAAAMAAJ"><i>Ethiopia in broader perspective: papers of the XIIIth International Conference of Ethiopian Studies Kyoto 12–17 December 1997</i></a>. Shokado Book Sellers. p. 370. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/4879749761" title="Special:BookSources/4879749761"><bdi>4879749761</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 Disembala</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ethiopia+in+broader+perspective%3A+papers+of+the+XIIIth+International+Conference+of+Ethiopian+Studies+Kyoto+12%E2%80%9317+December+1997&rft.pages=370&rft.pub=Shokado+Book+Sellers&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=4879749761&rft.aulast=Fukui&rft.aufirst=Katsuyoshi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7KpyAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-awdalpress.com-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-awdalpress.com_44-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130609002748/http://www.awdalpress.com/index/archives/16528">"FRENCH SOMALI COAST 1708 – 1946 FRENCH SOMALI COAST | Awdalpress.com"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.awdalpress.com/index/archives/16528">the original</a> on 9 Juni 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 Epulelo</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=FRENCH+SOMALI+COAST+1708+%E2%80%93+1946+FRENCH+SOMALI+COAST+%26%23124%3B+Awdalpress.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.awdalpress.com%2Findex%2Farchives%2F16528&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span> FRENCH SOMALI COAST Timeline</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-auto_45-0">42.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-auto_45-1">42.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://djibouti.frontafrique.org/?doc31">"Tracer des frontières à Djibouti"</a>. <i>djibouti.frontafrique.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=djibouti.frontafrique.org&rft.atitle=Tracer+des+fronti%C3%A8res+%C3%A0+Djibouti&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdjibouti.frontafrique.org%2F%3Fdoc31&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-46">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite id="CITEREFAdolpheChallamelC1899" class="citation book cs1">Adolphe, Martens; Challamel, Augustin; C, Luzac (1899). <i>Le Regime de Protectorats</i>. Bruxelles: Institut Colonial Internationale. p. 383.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Le+Regime+de+Protectorats&rft.place=Bruxelles&rft.pages=383&rft.pub=Institut+Colonial+Internationale&rft.date=1899&rft.aulast=Adolphe&rft.aufirst=Martens&rft.au=Challamel%2C+Augustin&rft.au=C%2C+Luzac&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-47">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite id="CITEREFSimon2011" class="citation book cs1">Simon, Imbert-Vier (2011). <i>Trace des frontiere a Djibouti</i>. Paris: Khartala. p. 128.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Trace+des+frontiere+a+Djibouti&rft.place=Paris&rft.pages=128&rft.pub=Khartala&rft.date=2011&rft.aulast=Simon&rft.aufirst=Imbert-Vier&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Chisholm-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Chisholm_48-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Somaliland#French Somaliland"><a class="external text" href="https://tum.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Somaliland#French_Somaliland">"Somaliland: French Somaliland" </a></span>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (jani likusangika yayi)">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i> (in English). Vol. 25 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 383.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Somaliland%3A+French+Somaliland&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=383&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-49">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Abyssinia"><a class="external text" href="https://tum.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Abyssinia">"Abyssinia" </a></span>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (jani likusangika yayi)">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i> (in English). Vol. 1 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 86.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Abyssinia&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=86&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Barrington2006-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Barrington2006_50-0">47.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Barrington2006_50-1">47.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Barrington, Lowell (2006) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=pyWpKKlukLcC&pg=PA115"><i>After Independence: Making and Protecting the Nation in Postcolonial and Postcommunist States</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905080147/https://books.google.com/books?id=pyWpKKlukLcC&pg=PA115">Archived</a> 5 Sekutembala 2015 at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wayback_Machine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wayback Machine (jani likusangika yayi)">Wayback Machine</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Michigan_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University of Michigan Press (jani likusangika yayi)">University of Michigan Press</a>. p. 115. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0472068989" title="Special:BookSources/0472068989">0472068989</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tioipeami-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Tioipeami_51-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Alvin J. Cottrell, Robert Michael Burrell, Georgetown University. Center for Strategic and International Studies, <i>The Indian Ocean: its political, economic, and military importance</i>, (Praeger: 1972), p.166.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nwvol-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Nwvol_52-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Newsweek</i>, Volume 81, (Newsweek: 1973), p.254.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-53">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://2rep.legion-etrangere.com/"><i>Légion-Étrangère</i></a>. Légion-Étrangère. 2000. p. 2. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170730172224/http://2rep.legion-etrangere.com/">Archived</a> from the original on 30 Julayi 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 Meyi</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=L%C3%A9gion-%C3%89trang%C3%A8re&rft.pages=2&rft.pub=L%C3%A9gion-%C3%89trang%C3%A8re&rft.date=2000&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F2rep.legion-etrangere.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-54">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.africanews.com/2021/04/10/djibouti-president-guelleh-wins-election-with-98-provisional-results/">"Djibouti President Guelleh wins election with 98%, provisional results"</a>. <i>Africanews</i>. n.d.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Africanews&rft.atitle=Djibouti+President+Guelleh+wins+election+with+98%25%2C+provisional+results&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.africanews.com%2F2021%2F04%2F10%2Fdjibouti-president-guelleh-wins-election-with-98-provisional-results%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-English_constitution-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-English_constitution_55-0">52.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-English_constitution_55-1">52.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Djibouti_2010.pdf?lang=en">"Djibouti's Constitution of 1992 with Amendments through 2010"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Constitute. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160625074422/https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Djibouti_2010.pdf?lang=en">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 25 Juni 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 Julayi</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Djibouti%27s+Constitution+of+1992+with+Amendments+through+2010&rft.pub=Constitute&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.constituteproject.org%2Fconstitution%2FDjibouti_2010.pdf%3Flang%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-constitution-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-constitution_56-0">53.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-constitution_56-1">53.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121125063016/http://www.adi.dj/constitut/constitut_dj.htm">"Constitution de la République de Djibouti"</a> (in French). Agence Djiboutienne d'Information. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.adi.dj/constitut/constitut_dj.htm">the original</a> on 25 Novembala 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 Malichi</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Constitution+de+la+R%C3%A9publique+de+Djibouti&rft.pub=Agence+Djiboutienne+d%27Information&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.adi.dj%2Fconstitut%2Fconstitut_dj.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-freedomhouse-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-freedomhouse_57-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/2012/djibouti">"Djibouti"</a>. Freedom House. 17 Janyuwale 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025070027/http://www.freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/2012/djibouti">Archived</a> from the original on 25 Okutobala 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 Malichi</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Djibouti&rft.pub=Freedom+House&rft.date=2012-01-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.freedomhouse.org%2Freport%2Ffreedom-world%2F2012%2Fdjibouti&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gdgrdtboip-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Gdgrdtboip_58-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://goobjoog.com/english/?p=7967">"Djibouti government reaches deal to bring opposition into parliament"</a>. <i>Goobjoog</i>. 30 Disembala 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150101213522/http://goobjoog.com/english/?p=7967">Archived</a> from the original on 1 Janyuwale 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 Janyuwale</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Goobjoog&rft.atitle=Djibouti+government+reaches+deal+to+bring+opposition+into+parliament&rft.date=2014-12-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgoobjoog.com%2Fenglish%2F%3Fp%3D7967&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-59">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite id="CITEREFMurithi1993" class="citation book cs1">Murithi, Tim (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3WVtAAAAQBAJ"><i>Handbook of Africa's International Relations</i></a>. Routledge. p. 98. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1136636967" title="Special:BookSources/978-1136636967"><bdi>978-1136636967</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 Sekutembala</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Handbook+of+Africa%27s+International+Relations&rft.pages=98&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-1136636967&rft.aulast=Murithi&rft.aufirst=Tim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D3WVtAAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nyska-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Nyska_60-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite id="CITEREFChandran2018" class="citation web cs1">Chandran, Nyshka (27 Juni 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnbc.com/2018/06/27/china-increases-defence-ties-with-africa.html">"China increases defense ties with Africa"</a>. <i>www.cnbc.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181216031542/https://www.cnbc.com/2018/06/27/china-increases-defence-ties-with-africa.html">Archived</a> from the original on 16 Disembala 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 Disembala</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.cnbc.com&rft.atitle=China+increases+defense+ties+with+Africa&rft.date=2018-06-27&rft.aulast=Chandran&rft.aufirst=Nyshka&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnbc.com%2F2018%2F06%2F27%2Fchina-increases-defence-ties-with-africa.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-61">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite id="CITEREFState2020" class="citation web cs1">State, US Department of (11 Malichi 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/2027490.html">"Country Report on Human Rights Practices 2019 - Djibouti"</a>. <i>state.gov</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=state.gov&rft.atitle=Country+Report+on+Human+Rights+Practices+2019+-+Djibouti&rft.date=2020-03-11&rft.aulast=State&rft.aufirst=US+Department+of&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ecoi.net%2Fen%2Fdocument%2F2027490.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-62">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite id="CITEREFGeothermal_Resources_Council1985" class="citation book cs1">Geothermal Resources Council (1985). <i>1985 International Symposium on Geothermal Energy, Volume 9, Part 1</i>. p. 175.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=1985+International+Symposium+on+Geothermal+Energy%2C+Volume+9%2C+Part+1&rft.pages=175&rft.date=1985&rft.au=Geothermal+Resources+Council&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-63">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:WWF_ecoregion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template:WWF ecoregion (jani likusangika yayi)">Template:WWF ecoregion</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-climate-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-climate_64-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/city.php3?c=DJ&name=Djibouti">"Weatherbase : Djibouti"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905100532/http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/city.php3?c=DJ&name=Djibouti">Archived</a> from the original on 5 Sekutembala 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 Julayi</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Weatherbase+%3A+Djibouti&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.weatherbase.com%2Fweather%2Fcity.php3%3Fc%3DDJ%26name%3DDjibouti&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-day-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-day_65-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120320080036/http://www.wfp.org/stories/le-p%C3%A8lerin-du-day">"Le Pèlerin du Day"</a>. World Food Programme. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wfp.org/stories/le-p%C3%A8lerin-du-day">the original</a> on 20 Malichi 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 Febuluwale</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Le+P%C3%A8lerin+du+Day&rft.pub=World+Food+Programme&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wfp.org%2Fstories%2Fle-p%25C3%25A8lerin-du-day&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Resourcesutviklingshjelp1989-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Resourcesutviklingshjelp1989_66-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite id="CITEREFInternational_Union_for_Conservation_of_Nature_and_Natural_ResourcesNorway._Direktoratet_for_utviklingshjelp1989" class="citation book cs1">International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources; Norway. Direktoratet for utviklingshjelp (1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3jRmxGZhSt4C&pg=PA95"><i>The IUCN Sahel studies 1989</i></a>. IUCN. pp. 95, 104. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-88032-977-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-88032-977-8"><bdi>978-2-88032-977-8</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140101072911/http://books.google.com/books?id=3jRmxGZhSt4C&pg=PA95">Archived</a> from the original on 1 Janyuwale 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 Meyi</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+IUCN+Sahel+studies+1989&rft.pages=95%2C+104&rft.pub=IUCN&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=978-2-88032-977-8&rft.au=International+Union+for+Conservation+of+Nature+and+Natural+Resources&rft.au=Norway.+Direktoratet+for+utviklingshjelp&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D3jRmxGZhSt4C%26pg%3DPA95&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-StuartAdams1990-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-StuartAdams1990_67-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite id="CITEREFS._N._StuartRichard_J._Adams1990" class="citation book cs1">S. N. Stuart; Richard J. Adams (1990). <span class="cs1-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/biodiversityinsu0000stua"><i>Biodiversity in Sub-Saharan Africa and its Islands: Conservation, Management and Sustainable Use</i></a></span>. IUCN. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/biodiversityinsu0000stua/page/81">81</a>–82. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-8317-0021-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-8317-0021-2"><bdi>978-2-8317-0021-2</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 Meyi</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Biodiversity+in+Sub-Saharan+Africa+and+its+Islands%3A+Conservation%2C+Management+and+Sustainable+Use&rft.pages=81-82&rft.pub=IUCN&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=978-2-8317-0021-2&rft.au=S.+N.+Stuart&rft.au=Richard+J.+Adams&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbiodiversityinsu0000stua&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-68">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/ethiopia-railway-idUSL6E7NH07M20111217">"Ethiopia signs Djibouti railway deal with China"</a>. <i>Reuters</i> (in English). 17 Disembala 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 Disembala</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Ethiopia+signs+Djibouti+railway+deal+with+China&rft.date=2011-12-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fethiopia-railway-idUSL6E7NH07M20111217&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cdpafoid-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Cdpafoid_69-0">66.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Cdpafoid_69-1">66.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite id="CITEREFBansal,_Ridhima2011" class="citation web cs1">Bansal, Ridhima (23 Sekutembala 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130327074151/http://www.aaeafrica.org/start/current-development-projects-and-future-opportunities-in-djibouti/">"Current Development Projects and Future Opportunities in Djibouti"</a>. Association of African Entrepreneurs. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aaeafrica.org/start/current-development-projects-and-future-opportunities-in-djibouti/">the original</a> on 27 Malichi 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 Febuluwale</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Current+Development+Projects+and+Future+Opportunities+in+Djibouti&rft.pub=Association+of+African+Entrepreneurs&rft.date=2011-09-23&rft.au=Bansal%2C+Ridhima&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aaeafrica.org%2Fstart%2Fcurrent-development-projects-and-future-opportunities-in-djibouti%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Xdcssmuatfse-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Xdcssmuatfse_70-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140224170743/http://english.cri.cn/6826/2012/11/20/2702s734026.htm">"Djibouti, China Sign 64 mln USD Agreement to Facilitate Salt Export"</a>. Xinhua News Agency. 20 Novembala 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.cri.cn/6826/2012/11/20/2702s734026.htm">the original</a> on 24 Febuluwale 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 Febuluwale</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Djibouti%2C+China+Sign+64+mln+USD+Agreement+to+Facilitate+Salt+Export&rft.date=2012-11-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenglish.cri.cn%2F6826%2F2012%2F11%2F20%2F2702s734026.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rdbbafi-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Rdbbafi_71-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.businessdailyafrica.com/Djibouti-banking-boom-attracts-foreign-investors--/-/539552/884662/-/item/1/-/13wk3taz/-/index.html">"Djibouti banking boom attracts foreign investors"</a>. Reuters. 23 Malichi 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130526060742/http://www.businessdailyafrica.com/Djibouti-banking-boom-attracts-foreign-investors--/-/539552/884662/-/item/1/-/13wk3taz/-/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on 26 Meyi 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 Febuluwale</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Djibouti+banking+boom+attracts+foreign+investors&rft.date=2010-03-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.businessdailyafrica.com%2FDjibouti-banking-boom-attracts-foreign-investors--%2F-%2F539552%2F884662%2F-%2Fitem%2F1%2F-%2F13wk3taz%2F-%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-72">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140224163710/http://www.univ-orleans.fr/leo/images/espace_commun/actualites/dr201309.pdf">Le système informel de transferts de fonds et le mécanisme automatique du Currency Board : complémentarité ou antagonisme ? Le cas des transferts des hawalas à Djibouti</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140224163710/http://www.univ-orleans.fr/leo/images/espace_commun/actualites/dr201309.pdf">Archived</a> 24 Febuluwale 2014 at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wayback_Machine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wayback Machine (jani likusangika yayi)">Wayback Machine</a>. univ-orleans.fr</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-73">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://steelguru.com/steel/phase-i-of-yemen-and-djibouti-causeway-delayed/151768">"Phase I of Yemen and Djibouti Causeway delayed"</a>. Steelguru.com. 22 Juni 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160405082305/http://steelguru.com/steel/phase-i-of-yemen-and-djibouti-causeway-delayed/151768">Archived</a> from the original on 5 Epulelo 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 Malichi</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Phase+I+of+Yemen+and+Djibouti+Causeway+delayed&rft.pub=Steelguru.com&rft.date=2010-06-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsteelguru.com%2Fsteel%2Fphase-i-of-yemen-and-djibouti-causeway-delayed%2F151768&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-74">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Diego Pautasso "The role of Africa in the New Maritime Silk Road" In: Brazilian Journal of African Studies, v.1, n.2, Jul./Dec. 2016 | p.118-130.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-75">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">David Styan "Djibouti and Small State Agency in the Maritime Silk Road: The Domestic and International Foundations" (2020).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-76">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.africanews.com/2019/03/12/the-china-merchants-in-djibouti-from-the-maritime-to-the-digital-silk-roads-by-thierry-pairault/">"Africa News: The China Merchants in Djibouti: from the maritime to the digital silk roads (by Thierry Pairault)"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Africa+News%3A+The+China+Merchants+in+Djibouti%3A+from+the+maritime+to+the+digital+silk+roads+%28by+Thierry+Pairault%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.africanews.com%2F2019%2F03%2F12%2Fthe-china-merchants-in-djibouti-from-the-maritime-to-the-digital-silk-roads-by-thierry-pairault%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-77">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Harry G. Broadman "Afrika's Silk Road" (2007), pp 59.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-78">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Marcus Hernig: Die Renaissance der Seidenstraße (2018) pp 112.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-79">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cinematreasures.org/theaters/djibouti/djibouti">"Movie theaters in Djibouti, Djibouti"</a>. Cinema Treasures. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161124154503/http://cinematreasures.org/theaters/djibouti/djibouti">Archived</a> from the original on 24 Novembala 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 Novembala</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Movie+theaters+in+Djibouti%2C+Djibouti&rft.pub=Cinema+Treasures&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcinematreasures.org%2Ftheaters%2Fdjibouti%2Fdjibouti&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-80">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-13231765">"Djibouti media guide"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 20 Disembala 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 Malichi</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Djibouti+media+guide&rft.date=2022-12-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-africa-13231765&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-81">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.onceinalifetimejourney.com/our-travel-tips-and-tricks/itinerary-4-days-in-djibouti/">"Things to do in Djibouti"</a>. <i>onceinalifetimejourney</i>. 14 Malichi 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180314174944/https://www.onceinalifetimejourney.com/our-travel-tips-and-tricks/itinerary-4-days-in-djibouti/">Archived</a> from the original on 14 Malichi 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 Malichi</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=onceinalifetimejourney&rft.atitle=Things+to+do+in+Djibouti&rft.date=2018-03-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.onceinalifetimejourney.com%2Four-travel-tips-and-tricks%2Fitinerary-4-days-in-djibouti%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-82">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ethiosports.com/2018/01/01/ethiopia-djibouti-train-fare-announced/">"Ethiosport launch of the train to Djibouti"</a>. <i>ethiosports.com</i>. 1 Janyuwale 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180314174951/http://www.ethiosports.com/2018/01/01/ethiopia-djibouti-train-fare-announced/">Archived</a> from the original on 14 Malichi 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 Malichi</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ethiosports.com&rft.atitle=Ethiosport+launch+of+the+train+to+Djibouti&rft.date=2018-01-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ethiosports.com%2F2018%2F01%2F01%2Fethiopia-djibouti-train-fare-announced%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-oxford-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-oxford_83-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oxfordbusinessgroup.com/overview/fuel-growth-diversifying-energy-mix-and-securing-adequate-supply-eye-expansion-central-development">"Diversification key to expansion of Djibouti's energy sector"</a>. <i>Oxford Business Group</i>. 16 Malichi 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171103153131/http://www.oxfordbusinessgroup.com/overview/fuel-growth-diversifying-energy-mix-and-securing-adequate-supply-eye-expansion-central-development">Archived</a> from the original on 3 Novembala 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 Febuluwale</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oxford+Business+Group&rft.atitle=Diversification+key+to+expansion+of+Djibouti%27s+energy+sector&rft.date=2016-03-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Foxfordbusinessgroup.com%2Foverview%2Ffuel-growth-diversifying-energy-mix-and-securing-adequate-supply-eye-expansion-central-development&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-84">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.co.uk/?gws_rd=ssl#q=djibouti+population&stick=H4sIAAAAAAAAAOPgUeLQz9U3MDLPytbSyk620s_JT04syczP0y8uAdLFJZnJiTnxRanpQCGrgvyC0hywbBejGRdcoxA5Gg3zzJLJ0miUnVxFikYA8z-VHuMAAAA">"Djibouti Population"</a>. World Bank. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151026150039/http://www.google.co.uk/?gws_rd=ssl#q=djibouti+population&stick=H4sIAAAAAAAAAOPgUeLQz9U3MDLPytbSyk620s_JT04syczP0y8uAdLFJZnJiTnxRanpQCGrgvyC0hywbBejGRdcoxA5Gg3zzJLJ0miUnVxFikYA8z-VHuMAAAA">Archived</a> from the original on 26 Okutobala 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 Okutobala</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Djibouti+Population&rft.pub=World+Bank&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.co.uk%2F%3Fgws_rd%3Dssl%23q%3Ddjibouti%2Bpopulation%26stick%3DH4sIAAAAAAAAAOPgUeLQz9U3MDLPytbSyk620s_JT04syczP0y8uAdLFJZnJiTnxRanpQCGrgvyC0hywbBejGRdcoxA5Gg3zzJLJ0miUnVxFikYA8z-VHuMAAAA&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UN_WPP-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-UN_WPP_85-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://population.un.org/wpp/">"World Population Prospects 2022"</a>. <i>population.un.org</i>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=United_Nations_Department_of_Economic_and_Social_Affairs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (jani likusangika yayi)">United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs</a>, Population Division<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 Julayi</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=population.un.org&rft.atitle=World+Population+Prospects+2022&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpopulation.un.org%2Fwpp%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UN_WPP_2022-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-UN_WPP_2022_86-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://population.un.org/wpp/Download/Files/1_Indicators%20(Standard)/EXCEL_FILES/1_General/WPP2022_GEN_F01_DEMOGRAPHIC_INDICATORS_COMPACT_REV1.xlsx">"World Population Prospects 2022: Demographic indicators by region, subregion and country, annually for 1950-2100"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(XSLX)</span>. <i>population.un.org</i> ("Total Population, as of 1 July (thousands)"). <a href="/w/index.php?title=United_Nations_Department_of_Economic_and_Social_Affairs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (jani likusangika yayi)">United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs</a>, Population Division<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 Julayi</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=population.un.org&rft.atitle=World+Population+Prospects+2022%3A+Demographic+indicators+by+region%2C+subregion+and+country%2C+annually+for+1950-2100&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpopulation.un.org%2Fwpp%2FDownload%2FFiles%2F1_Indicators%2520%28Standard%29%2FEXCEL_FILES%2F1_General%2FWPP2022_GEN_F01_DEMOGRAPHIC_INDICATORS_COMPACT_REV1.xlsx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-87">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite id="CITEREFRefugees" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Refugees, United Nations High Commissioner for. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.refworld.org/docid/3ae6ab2f60.html">"Refworld | Somalia: Information on the Issa and the Issaq"</a>. <i>Refworld</i> (in English)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 Okutobala</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Refworld&rft.atitle=Refworld+%7C+Somalia%3A+Information+on+the+Issa+and+the+Issaq&rft.aulast=Refugees&rft.aufirst=United+Nations+High+Commissioner+for&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.refworld.org%2Fdocid%2F3ae6ab2f60.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-88">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite id="CITEREFDIRECTORATE_OF_INTELLIGENCE1967" class="citation journal cs1">DIRECTORATE OF INTELLIGENCE, INTELLIGENCE MEMORANDUM (1967). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170123082205/https://www.cia.gov/library/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP84-00825R000100050001-0.pdf">"French Somaliland"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Intelligence Memorandum</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP84-00825R000100050001-0.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 23 Janyuwale 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Intelligence+Memorandum&rft.atitle=French+Somaliland&rft.date=1967&rft.aulast=DIRECTORATE+OF+INTELLIGENCE&rft.aufirst=INTELLIGENCE+MEMORANDUM&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Freadingroom%2Fdocs%2FCIA-RDP84-00825R000100050001-0.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-89">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite id="CITEREFUSA2012" class="citation web cs1">USA (9 Ogasiti 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pewforum.org/2012/08/09/the-worlds-muslims-unity-and-diversity-1-religious-affiliation/#identity">"Religious Identity Among Muslims | Pew Research Center"</a>. Pewforum.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 Meyi</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Religious+Identity+Among+Muslims+%26%23124%3B+Pew+Research+Center&rft.pub=Pewforum.org&rft.date=2012-08-09&rft.au=USA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pewforum.org%2F2012%2F08%2F09%2Fthe-worlds-muslims-unity-and-diversity-1-religious-affiliation%2F%23identity&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ethnologue.com-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-ethnologue.com_90-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ethnologue.com/country/DJ/languages">"Djibouti – Languages"</a>. Ethnologue. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160910001641/http://www.ethnologue.com/country/DJ/languages">Archived</a> from the original on 10 Sekutembala 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 Sekutembala</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Djibouti+%E2%80%93+Languages&rft.pub=Ethnologue&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ethnologue.com%2Fcountry%2FDJ%2Flanguages&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-91">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite id="CITEREFCheney,_David_M." class="citation web cs1">Cheney, David M. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/diocese/ddjib.html">"Diocese of Djibouti"</a>. Catholic-hierarchy.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130312034655/http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/diocese/ddjib.html">Archived</a> from the original on 12 Malichi 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 Febuluwale</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Diocese+of+Djibouti&rft.pub=Catholic-hierarchy.org&rft.au=Cheney%2C+David+M.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.catholic-hierarchy.org%2Fdiocese%2Fddjib.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-92">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://citypopulation.de/Djibouti.html">"Djibouti: Regions, Major Cities & Towns - Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather and Web Information"</a>. <i>citypopulation.de</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=citypopulation.de&rft.atitle=Djibouti%3A+Regions%2C+Major+Cities+%26+Towns+-+Population+Statistics%2C+Maps%2C+Charts%2C+Weather+and+Web+Information&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcitypopulation.de%2FDjibouti.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rohayes-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Rohayes_93-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite id="CITEREFHayes,_Rose_Oldfield1975" class="citation journal cs1">Hayes, Rose Oldfield (1975). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1525%2Fae.1975.2.4.02a00030">"Female genital mutilation, fertility control, women's roles, and the patrilineage in modern Sudan: a functional analysis"</a>. <i>American Ethnologist</i>. <b>2</b> (4): 617–633. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Doi_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doi (identifier) (jani likusangika yayi)">doi</a>:<span class="cs1-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1525%2Fae.1975.2.4.02a00030">10.1525/ae.1975.2.4.02a00030</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Ethnologist&rft.atitle=Female+genital+mutilation%2C+fertility+control%2C+women%27s+roles%2C+and+the+patrilineage+in+modern+Sudan%3A+a+functional+analysis&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=617-633&rft.date=1975&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1525%2Fae.1975.2.4.02a00030&rft.au=Hayes%2C+Rose+Oldfield&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1525%252Fae.1975.2.4.02a00030&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bodman-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Bodman_94-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bodman, Herbert L. and Tohidi, Nayereh Esfahlani (1998) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=PFzdA2Hini4C&pg=PA41"><i>Women in Muslim societies: diversity within unity</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905100413/https://books.google.com/books?id=PFzdA2Hini4C&pg=PA41">Archived</a> 5 Sekutembala 2015 at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wayback_Machine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wayback Machine (jani likusangika yayi)">Wayback Machine</a>. Lynne Rienner Publishers. p. 41. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1555875785" title="Special:BookSources/1555875785">1555875785</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Djiwfm-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Djiwfm_95-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irinnews.org/report.aspx?reportid=55405">"DJIBOUTI: Women fight mutilation"</a>. IRIN. 12 Julayi 2005. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110516075139/http://www.irinnews.org/report.aspx?reportid=55405">Archived</a> from the original on 16 Meyi 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 Epulelo</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=DJIBOUTI%3A+Women+fight+mutilation&rft.date=2005-07-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.irinnews.org%2Freport.aspx%3Freportid%3D55405&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Frayser-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Frayser_96-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Suzanne G. Frayser, Thomas J. Whitby, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZArPH0nFGo0C&pg=PA257">Studies in human sexuality: a selected guide</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905100634/https://books.google.com/books?id=ZArPH0nFGo0C&pg=PA257">Archived</a> 5 Sekutembala 2015 at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wayback_Machine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wayback Machine (jani likusangika yayi)">Wayback Machine</a>, (Libraries Unlimited: 1995), p. 257 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1563081318" title="Special:BookSources/1563081318">1563081318</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ahuja-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Ahuja_97-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite id="CITEREFEric_WerkerAmrita_AhujaBrian_Wendell" class="citation web cs1">Eric Werker; Amrita Ahuja; Brian Wendell. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cid.harvard.edu/neudc07/docs/neudc07_s1_p02_ahuja.pdf">"Male Circumcision and AIDS: The Macroeconomic Impact of a Health Crisis"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>NEUDC 2007 Papers :: Northeast Universities Development Consortium Conference: Center for International Development at Harvard Un</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110719204255/http://www.cid.harvard.edu/neudc07/docs/neudc07_s1_p02_ahuja.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 19 Julayi 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 Epulelo</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NEUDC+2007+Papers+%3A%3A+Northeast+Universities+Development+Consortium+Conference%3A+Center+for+International+Development+at+Harvard+Un&rft.atitle=Male+Circumcision+and+AIDS%3A+The+Macroeconomic+Impact+of+a+Health+Crisis&rft.au=Eric+Werker&rft.au=Amrita+Ahuja&rft.au=Brian+Wendell&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cid.harvard.edu%2Fneudc07%2Fdocs%2Fneudc07_s1_p02_ahuja.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-infodev.org-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-infodev.org_98-0">95.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-infodev.org_98-1">95.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-infodev.org_98-2">95.2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Hare, Harry (2007) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.infodev.org/en/Publication.398.html">ICT in Education in Djibouti</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091216081516/http://www.infodev.org/en/Publication.398.html">Archived</a> 16 Disembala 2009 at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wayback_Machine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wayback Machine (jani likusangika yayi)">Wayback Machine</a>, World Bank</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-99">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.discoverfrance.net/Colonies/Images/Places/Djibouti/Women_Costumes_Djibouti.jpg">"Image of Djibouti women in head-dresses"</a>. discoverfrance.net. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070614075753/http://www.discoverfrance.net/Colonies/Images/Places/Djibouti/Women_Costumes_Djibouti.jpg">Archived</a> from the original on 14 Juni 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 Meyi</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Image+of+Djibouti+women+in+head-dresses&rft.pub=discoverfrance.net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.discoverfrance.net%2FColonies%2FImages%2FPlaces%2FDjibouti%2FWomen_Costumes_Djibouti.jpg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-100">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Abdullahi, Mohamed Diriye (2001) <i>Culture and Customs of Somalia</i>. Greenwood Press. pp. 170–172. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780313313332" title="Special:BookSources/9780313313332">9780313313332</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-expedition-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-expedition_101-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040227041820/http://expedition.bensenville.lib.il.us/Africa/Djibouti/culture.htm">"Djibouti – Culture Overview"</a>. <i>Expedition Earth</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://expedition.bensenville.lib.il.us/Africa/Djibouti/culture.htm">the original</a> on 27 Febuluwale 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 Sekutembala</span> 2005</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Expedition+Earth&rft.atitle=Djibouti+%E2%80%93+Culture+Overview&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fexpedition.bensenville.lib.il.us%2FAfrica%2FDjibouti%2Fculture.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span> – <i>Website no longer exists; link is to <a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Internet Archive (jani likusangika yayi)">Internet Archive</a></i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Abdullahi75-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Abdullahi75_102-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Abdullahi, Mohamed Diriye (2001) <i>Culture and Customs of Somalia</i>, Greenwood Press. pp. 75–76. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780313313332" title="Special:BookSources/9780313313332">9780313313332</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Shihab-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Shihab_103-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite id="CITEREFShihāb_al-Dīn_Aḥmad_ibn_ʻAbd_al-Qādir_ʻArabfaqīh2003" class="citation book cs1">Shihāb al-Dīn Aḥmad ibn ʻAbd al-Qādir ʻArabfaqīh (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YgIwAQAAIAAJ"><i>The conquest of Abyssinia: 16th century</i></a>. Translated by Paul Stenhouse; Richard Pankhurst. Tsehai Publishers & Distributors. p. 77. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780972317269" title="Special:BookSources/9780972317269"><bdi>9780972317269</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905104603/https://books.google.com/books?id=YgIwAQAAIAAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 5 Sekutembala 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 Juni</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+conquest+of+Abyssinia%3A+16th+century&rft.pages=77&rft.pub=Tsehai+Publishers+%26+Distributors&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=9780972317269&rft.au=Shih%C4%81b+al-D%C4%ABn+A%E1%B8%A5mad+ibn+%CA%BBAbd+al-Q%C4%81dir+%CA%BBArabfaq%C4%ABh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DYgIwAQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-104">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Ali, Barlin (2007) <i>Somali Cuisine</i>. AuthorHouse. p. 79. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781425977061" title="Special:BookSources/9781425977061">9781425977061</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/about/copyright-and-contributors/">public domain material</a> from <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite class="citation cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/"><i><span></span></i>World Factbook<i><span></span></i></a> (2024 ed.). CIA.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=World+Factbook&rft.edition=2024&rft.pub=CIA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/about/archives/download/factbook-2016.zip">(Archived 2016 edition)</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite id="CITEREFEbsworth1953" class="citation journal cs1">Ebsworth, W. A. (1953). "Jibouti and Madagascar in the 1939–45 War". <i>Journal of the Royal United Service Institution</i>. <b>98</b> (592): 564–68. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Doi_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doi (identifier) (jani likusangika yayi)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F03071845309422199">10.1080/03071845309422199</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Royal+United+Service+Institution&rft.atitle=Jibouti+and+Madagascar+in+the+1939%E2%80%9345+War&rft.volume=98&rft.issue=592&rft.pages=564-68&rft.date=1953&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F03071845309422199&rft.aulast=Ebsworth&rft.aufirst=W.+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite id="CITEREFImbert-Vier2008" class="citation thesis cs1">Imbert-Vier, Simon (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00736163"><i>Frontières et limites à Djibouti durant la période coloniale (1884–1977)</i></a> (PhD thesis). <a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Provence&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University of Provence (jani likusangika yayi)">Université de Provence–Aix-Marseille I</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=Fronti%C3%A8res+et+limites+%C3%A0+Djibouti+durant+la+p%C3%A9riode+coloniale+%281884%E2%80%931977%29&rft.inst=Universit%C3%A9+de+Provence%E2%80%93Aix-Marseille+I&rft.date=2008&rft.aulast=Imbert-Vier&rft.aufirst=Simon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftel.archives-ouvertes.fr%2Ftel-00736163&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vigaŵa_vya_kuwalo"><span id="Viga.C5.B5a_vya_kuwalo"></span>Vigaŵa vya kuwalo</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r45680">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r54249">.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow{padding:0.75em 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow>b{display:block}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.75em 0;width:217px;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul>li{min-height:31px}.mw-parser-output .sister-logo{display:inline-block;width:31px;line-height:31px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-link{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;width:182px;vertical-align:middle}</style><div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="side-box metadata side-box-right sister-box sistersitebox plainlinks"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r107034">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> <b>Djibouti</b> at Wikipedia's <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects (jani likusangika yayi)"><span id="sister-projects">sister projects</span></a></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/27px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/41px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/54px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="370" data-file-height="350" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://tum.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/Djibouti" class="extiw" title="wikt:Special:Search/Djibouti">Definitions</a> from Wiktionary</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%8A_/_Djibouti" class="extiw" title="c:جيبوتي / Djibouti">Media</a> from Commons</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/27px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/41px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/54px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://tum.wikinews.org/wiki/Category:Djibouti" class="extiw" title="n:Category:Djibouti">News</a> from Wikinews</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/27px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/41px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/54px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://tum.wikiversity.org/wiki/Special:Search/Djibouti" class="extiw" title="v:Special:Search/Djibouti">Resources</a> from Wikiversity</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/27px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/41px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/54px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://tum.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Djibouti" class="extiw" title="voy:Djibouti">Travel information</a> from Wikivoyage</span></li></ul></div></div> </div> <dl><dt>Government</dt></dl> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.presidence.dj/">"Site Officiel de la République de Djibouti"</a> [Official website of the Republic of Djibouti] (in French). Government of Djibouti.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Site+Officiel+de+la+R%C3%A9publique+de+Djibouti&rft.pub=Government+of+Djibouti&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.presidence.dj%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r111728"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181224211915/http://visitdjibouti.dj/">"Office National de Tourisme de Djibouti"</a>. National Official of Tourism of Djibouti. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.visitdjibouti.dj/">the original</a> on 24 Disembala 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 Febuluwale</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Office+National+de+Tourisme+de+Djibouti&rft.pub=National+Official+of+Tourism+of+Djibouti&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.visitdjibouti.dj%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftum.wikipedia.org%3ADjibouti" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <dl><dt>Profile</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/djibouti/">Djibouti</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_World_Factbook&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The World Factbook (jani likusangika yayi)">The World Factbook</a></i>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Intelligence_Agency&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Central Intelligence Agency (jani likusangika yayi)">Central Intelligence Agency</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-13231761">Djibouti profile</a> from the <a href="/w/index.php?title=BBC_News&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BBC News (jani likusangika yayi)">BBC News</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ucblibraries.summon.serialssolutions.com/#!/search?ho=t&l=en&q=djibouti">Djibouti</a> web resources provided by GovPubs at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Colorado_Boulder_Libraries&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University of Colorado Boulder Libraries (jani likusangika yayi)">University of Colorado Boulder Libraries</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://curlie.org/Regional/Africa/Djibouti">Djibouti</a> at <a href="/wiki/Curlie" class="mw-redirect" title="Curlie">Curlie</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Others</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unfpa.org/sowmy/resources/docs/country_info/profile/en_Djibouti_SoWMy_Profile.pdf">The State of the World's Midwifery – Djibouti Country Profile</a> from <a href="/w/index.php?title=UNFPA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UNFPA (jani likusangika yayi)">UNFPA</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=DJ">Key Development Forecasts for Djibouti</a> from <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Futures&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Futures (jani likusangika yayi)">International Futures</a>.</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/16px-Gnome-globe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/24px-Gnome-globe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/32px-Gnome-globe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Atlas_of_Djibouti" class="extiw" title="commons:Atlas of Djibouti">Wikimedia Atlas of Djibouti</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/166928">Djibouti</a> at the <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica (jani likusangika yayi)">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i></li></ul> <p><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-7f42ca7b">Lua error: bad argument #2 to 'title.new' (unrecognized namespace name 'Portal').</span></strong> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Djibouti_topics&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template:Djibouti topics (jani likusangika yayi)">Template:Djibouti topics</a> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r33398">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Related_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Related_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Related articles</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r107036"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r33398"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Countries_and_territories_of_Africa" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r107036"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r48070">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Countries_of_Africa" title="Template:Countries of Africa"><abbr title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Countries_of_Africa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Countries of Africa (jani likusangika yayi)"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Countries_of_Africa" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Countries of Africa"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Countries_and_territories_of_Africa" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_sovereign_states_and_dependent_territories_in_Africa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Africa (jani likusangika yayi)">Countries and territories</a> of <a href="/wiki/Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="Africa">Africa</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sovereign_state&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sovereign state (jani likusangika yayi)">Sovereign states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a> · <a href="/wiki/Angola" title="Angola">Angola</a> · <a href="/wiki/Benin" title="Benin">Benin</a> · <a href="/wiki/Botswana" title="Botswana">Botswana</a> · <a href="/wiki/Burkina_Faso" title="Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a> · <a href="/wiki/Burundi" title="Burundi">Burundi</a> · <a href="/wiki/Cameroon" title="Cameroon">Cameroon</a> · <a href="/wiki/Cape_Verde" title="Cape Verde">Cape Verde</a> · <a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic" title="Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a> · <a href="/wiki/Chad" title="Chad">Chad</a> · <a href="/wiki/Comoros" title="Comoros">Comoros</a> · <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a> · <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Republic of the Congo">Republic of the Congo</a> · <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Djibouti</a> · <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> · <a href="/wiki/Equatorial_Guinea" title="Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinea</a> · <a href="/wiki/Eritrea" title="Eritrea">Eritrea</a> · <a href="/wiki/Eswatini" title="Eswatini">Eswatini</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Gabon" title="Gabon">Gabon</a> · <a href="/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia">Gambia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a> · <a href="/wiki/Guinea" title="Guinea">Guinea</a> · <a href="/wiki/Guinea-Bissau" title="Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ivory_Coast" title="Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kenya" title="Kenya">Kenya</a> · <a href="/wiki/Lesotho" title="Lesotho">Lesotho</a> · <a href="/wiki/Liberia" title="Liberia">Liberia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a> · <a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</a> · <a href="/wiki/Malawi" class="mw-redirect" title="Malawi">Malawi</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mali" title="Mali">Mali</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mauritania" title="Mauritania">Mauritania</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a> · <a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mozambique" title="Mozambique">Mozambique</a> · <a href="/wiki/Namibia" title="Namibia">Namibia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Niger" title="Niger">Niger</a> · <a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a> · <a href="/wiki/Rwanda" title="Rwanda">Rwanda</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sao_Tome_na_Principe" title="Sao Tome na Principe">Sao Tome na Principe</a> · <a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a> · <a href="/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles">Seychelles</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leone" title="Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a> · <a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a> · <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a> · <a href="/wiki/South_Sudan" title="South Sudan">South Sudan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a> · <a href="/wiki/Togo" title="Togo">Togo</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Uganda" title="Uganda">Uganda</a> · <a href="/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia">Zambia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe" title="Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/100px-Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/150px-Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/200px-Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="550" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_states_with_limited_recognition&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of states with limited recognition (jani likusangika yayi)">States with limited<br />recognition</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (jani likusangika yayi)">Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Somaliland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Somaliland (jani likusangika yayi)">Somaliland</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dependent_territory&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dependent territory (jani likusangika yayi)">Dependent<br />territories</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">France</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scattered_Islands_in_the_Indian_Ocean&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scattered Islands in the Indian Ocean (jani likusangika yayi)">Îles Éparses</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mayotte" title="Mayotte">Mayotte</a> <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9union" title="Réunion">Réunion</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Italy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pantelleria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pantelleria (jani likusangika yayi)">Pantelleria</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pelagie_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pelagie Islands (jani likusangika yayi)">Pelagie Islands</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Spain</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Canary_Islands" title="Canary Islands">Canary Islands</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ceuta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ceuta (jani likusangika yayi)">Ceuta</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Melilla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Melilla (jani likusangika yayi)">Melilla</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Plazas_de_soberan%C3%ADa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plazas de soberanía (jani likusangika yayi)">Plazas de soberanía</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira">Madeira</a> (Portugal) · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saint_Helena,_Ascension_and_Tristan_da_Cunha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha (jani likusangika yayi)">Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha</a> (United Kingdom) · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Socotra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Socotra (jani likusangika yayi)">Socotra</a> (Yemen)</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Category:Africa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Category:Africa (jani likusangika yayi)">Category</a></b></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Portal:Africa" title="Portal:Africa">Africa portal</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r107036"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_Djibouti.svg/23px-Flag_of_Djibouti.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_Djibouti.svg/35px-Flag_of_Djibouti.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_Djibouti.svg/45px-Flag_of_Djibouti.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Djibouti</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/23px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/35px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/45px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Flag_of_Eritrea.svg/23px-Flag_of_Eritrea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Flag_of_Eritrea.svg/35px-Flag_of_Eritrea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Flag_of_Eritrea.svg/46px-Flag_of_Eritrea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Eritrea" title="Eritrea">Eritrea</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/23px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/35px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/45px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r107036"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r33398"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Countries_and_regions_in_the_Arabian_Plate" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r107036"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r48070"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Countries_and_regions_in_the_Arabian_Plate" title="Template:Countries and regions in the Arabian Plate"><abbr title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Countries_and_regions_in_the_Arabian_Plate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Countries and regions in the Arabian Plate (jani likusangika yayi)"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Countries_and_regions_in_the_Arabian_Plate" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Countries and regions in the Arabian Plate"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Countries_and_regions_in_the_Arabian_Plate" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Countries and regions in the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabian_Plate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arabian Plate (jani likusangika yayi)">Arabian Plate</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Country&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Country (jani likusangika yayi)">Countries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=State_of_Palestine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="State of Palestine (jani likusangika yayi)">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khuzestan_Province&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khuzestan Province (jani likusangika yayi)">Khuzestan Province</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Southeastern_Anatolia_Region&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Southeastern Anatolia Region (jani likusangika yayi)">Southeastern Anatolia Region</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Southern_Denkalya_Subregion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Southern Denkalya Subregion (jani likusangika yayi)">Southern Denkalya Subregion</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Awdal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Awdal (jani likusangika yayi)">Awdal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=South_Sinai_Governorate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="South Sinai Governorate (jani likusangika yayi)">South Sinai Governorate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r107036"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r33398"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Countries_and_territories_bordering_the_Indian_Ocean" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r107036"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r48070"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Countries_and_territories_bordering_the_Indian_Ocean" title="Template:Countries and territories bordering the Indian Ocean"><abbr title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Countries_and_territories_bordering_the_Indian_Ocean&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Countries and territories bordering the Indian Ocean (jani likusangika yayi)"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Countries_and_territories_bordering_the_Indian_Ocean" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Countries and territories bordering the Indian Ocean"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Countries_and_territories_bordering_the_Indian_Ocean" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Countries and territories bordering the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Ocean&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Indian Ocean (jani likusangika yayi)">Indian Ocean</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comoros" title="Comoros">Comoros</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eritrea" title="Eritrea">Eritrea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Mayotte" title="Mayotte">Mayotte</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9union" title="Réunion">Réunion</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenya" title="Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozambique" title="Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Somaliland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Somaliland (jani likusangika yayi)">Somaliland</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Indianocean.PNG" class="mw-file-description" title="Map of the Indian Ocean"><img alt="Map of the Indian Ocean" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Indianocean.PNG/100px-Indianocean.PNG" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Indianocean.PNG/150px-Indianocean.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Indianocean.PNG/200px-Indianocean.PNG 2x" data-file-width="330" data-file-height="330" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_Indian_Ocean_Territory&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="British Indian Ocean Territory (jani likusangika yayi)">British Indian Ocean Territory</a> <small style="font-size:85%;">United Kingdom</small></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christmas_Island&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christmas Island (jani likusangika yayi)">Christmas Island</a></i> <small style="font-size:85%;">(Australia)</small></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cocos (Keeling) Islands (jani likusangika yayi)">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></i> <small style="font-size:85%;">(Australia)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maldives" title="Maldives">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Timor" title="East Timor">Timor-Leste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antarctica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antarctica (jani likusangika yayi)">Antarctica</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Australian_Antarctic_Territory&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Australian Antarctic Territory (jani likusangika yayi)">Australian Antarctic Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Southern_and_Antarctic_Lands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="French Southern and Antarctic Lands (jani likusangika yayi)">French Southern and Antarctic Lands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heard_Island_and_McDonald_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heard Island and McDonald Islands (jani likusangika yayi)">Heard Island and McDonald Islands</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r107036"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r33398"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Middle_East" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r107036"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r48070"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Middle_East" title="Template:Middle East"><abbr title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Middle_East&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Middle East (jani likusangika yayi)"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Middle_East" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Middle East"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Middle_East" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_East&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Middle East (jani likusangika yayi)">Middle East</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Middle_Eastern_countries_by_population&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of Middle Eastern countries by population (jani likusangika yayi)">Countries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kurdistan_Region&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kurdistan Region (jani likusangika yayi)">Iraqi Kurdistan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Northern_Cyprus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Northern Cyprus (jani likusangika yayi)"><i>Northern Cyprus</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=State_of_Palestine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="State of Palestine (jani likusangika yayi)"><i>Palestine</i></a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaza_Strip&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gaza Strip (jani likusangika yayi)"><i>Gaza</i></a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rojava&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rojava (jani likusangika yayi)">North Syria Federation</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkish_occupation_of_northern_Syria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Turkish occupation of northern Syria (jani likusangika yayi)">Turkish occupation of northern Syria</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Middle_East_(orthographic_projection).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Middle_East_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/70px-Middle_East_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Middle_East_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/105px-Middle_East_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Middle_East_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/140px-Middle_East_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="553" data-file-height="553" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Society</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Climate_change_in_the_Middle_East_and_North_Africa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Climate change in the Middle East and North Africa (jani likusangika yayi)">Climate change</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Democracy_in_the_Middle_East_and_North_Africa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Democracy in the Middle East and North Africa (jani likusangika yayi)">Democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_the_Middle_East&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economy of the Middle East (jani likusangika yayi)">Economy</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Energy_in_the_Middle_East&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Energy in the Middle East (jani likusangika yayi)">Energy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_the_Middle_East&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="History of the Middle East (jani likusangika yayi)">History</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Middle_Eastern_history&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timeline of Middle Eastern history (jani likusangika yayi)">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_modern_conflicts_in_the_Middle_East&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of modern conflicts in the Middle East (jani likusangika yayi)">Modern conflicts</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Human_rights_in_the_Middle_East&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Human rights in the Middle East (jani likusangika yayi)">Human rights</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Water_politics_in_the_Middle_East&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Water politics in the Middle East (jani likusangika yayi)">Water politics</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_the_Middle_East&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Demographics of the Middle East (jani likusangika yayi)">Demographics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ethnic_groups_in_the_Middle_East&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ethnic groups in the Middle East (jani likusangika yayi)">Ethnic groups</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Genetic_history_of_the_Middle_East&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Genetic history of the Middle East (jani likusangika yayi)">Genetics</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_largest_metropolitan_areas_of_the_Middle_East&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of largest metropolitan areas of the Middle East (jani likusangika yayi)">Metropolitan areas</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_the_Middle_East&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Religion in the Middle East (jani likusangika yayi)">Religion</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irreligion_in_the_Middle_East&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Irreligion in the Middle East (jani likusangika yayi)">Irreligion</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Near_Eastern_archaeology&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Near Eastern archaeology (jani likusangika yayi)">Archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cinema_of_the_Middle_East&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cinema of the Middle East (jani likusangika yayi)">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_Eastern_cuisine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Middle Eastern cuisine (jani likusangika yayi)">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Etiquette_in_the_Middle_East&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Etiquette in the Middle East (jani likusangika yayi)">Etiquette</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_Eastern_music&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Middle Eastern music (jani likusangika yayi)">Music</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_Eastern_dance&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Middle Eastern dance (jani likusangika yayi)">Dance</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_Eastern_studies&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Middle Eastern studies (jani likusangika yayi)">Studies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r107036"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r33398"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation_(OIC)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r107036"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r48070"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation" title="Template:Organisation of Islamic Cooperation"><abbr title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (jani likusangika yayi)"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Organisation of Islamic Cooperation"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation_(OIC)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (jani likusangika yayi)">Organisation of Islamic Cooperation</a> (OIC)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Member_states_of_the_Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Member states of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (jani likusangika yayi)">Member states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benin" title="Benin">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burkina_Faso" title="Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cameroon" title="Cameroon">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chad" title="Chad">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comoros" title="Comoros">Comoros</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabon" title="Gabon">Gabon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Gambia" class="mw-redirect" title="The Gambia">Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guinea" title="Guinea">Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guinea-Bissau" title="Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guyana" title="Guyana">Guyana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivory_Coast" title="Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyrgyzstan" title="Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maldives" title="Maldives">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mali" title="Mali">Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritania" title="Mauritania">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozambique" title="Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niger" title="Niger">Niger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=State_of_Palestine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="State of Palestine (jani likusangika yayi)">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leone" title="Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suriname" title="Suriname">Suriname</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tajikistan" title="Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Togo" title="Togo">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uganda" title="Uganda">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Suspended</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Observers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;padding-right:0.75em;font-weight:normal;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Countries<br />and territories</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bosnia_and_Herzegovina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina (jani likusangika yayi)">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic" title="Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Northern_Cyprus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Northern Cyprus (jani likusangika yayi)">Northern Cyprus</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;padding-right:0.75em;font-weight:normal;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Muslim<br />communities</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moro_National_Liberation_Front&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moro National Liberation Front (jani likusangika yayi)">Moro National Liberation Front</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;padding-right:0.75em;font-weight:normal;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">International<br />organizations</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Economic_Cooperation_Organization&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economic Cooperation Organization (jani likusangika yayi)">Economic Cooperation Organization</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=African_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="African Union (jani likusangika yayi)">African Union</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arab_League&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arab League (jani likusangika yayi)">Arab League</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Non-Aligned_Movement&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Non-Aligned Movement (jani likusangika yayi)">Non-Aligned Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_Nations&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="United Nations (jani likusangika yayi)">United Nations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Demographics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_the_Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economy of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (jani likusangika yayi)">Economy</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation_member_states_by_GDP_(PPP)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of Organisation of Islamic Cooperation member states by GDP (PPP) (jani likusangika yayi)">GDP</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation_member_states_by_GDP_per_capita_(PPP)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of Organisation of Islamic Cooperation member states by GDP per capita (PPP) (jani likusangika yayi)">GDP per capita</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation_member_states_by_exports&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of Organisation of Islamic Cooperation member states by exports (jani likusangika yayi)">Exports</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation_member_states_by_imports&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of Organisation of Islamic Cooperation member states by imports (jani likusangika yayi)">Imports</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation_member_states_by_population&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of Organisation of Islamic Cooperation member states by population (jani likusangika yayi)">Population</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_largest_cities_in_Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation_member_countries&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of largest cities in Organisation of Islamic Cooperation member countries (jani likusangika yayi)">Largest cities</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Education_in_the_member_states_of_the_Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Education in the member states of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (jani likusangika yayi)">Education</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><sup><small>1</small></sup> As the "Turkish Cypriot State".</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r107036"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r33398"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="African_Union" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r107036"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r48070"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:African_Union" title="Template:African Union"><abbr title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:African_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:African Union (jani likusangika yayi)"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none 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class="new" title="Pan-Africanism (jani likusangika yayi)">Pan-Africanism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Decolonisation_of_Africa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Decolonisation of Africa (jani likusangika yayi)">Decolonisation of Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Casablanca_Group&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Casablanca Group (jani likusangika yayi)">Casablanca Group</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monrovia_Group&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monrovia Group (jani likusangika yayi)">Monrovia Group</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=African_and_Malagasy_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="African and Malagasy Union (jani likusangika yayi)">African and Malagasy Union</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=African_Monetary_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="African Monetary Union (jani likusangika yayi)">Abuja Treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sirte_Declaration&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sirte Declaration (jani likusangika yayi)">Sirte Declaration</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitutive_Act_of_the_African_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Constitutive Act of the African Union (jani likusangika yayi)">Lome Summit</a></li> <li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organisation_of_African_Unity&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Organisation of African Unity (jani likusangika yayi)">Organisation of African Unity</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chairperson_of_the_Organisation_of_African_Unity&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chairperson of the Organisation of African Unity (jani likusangika yayi)">Chairperson</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Secretary_General_of_the_Organisation_of_African_Unity&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Secretary General of the Organisation of African Unity (jani likusangika yayi)">Secretary General</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geography_of_the_African_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geography of the African Union (jani likusangika yayi)">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Countries_bordering_the_African_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Countries bordering the African Union (jani likusangika yayi)">Borders</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Extreme_points_of_the_African_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Extreme points of the African Union (jani likusangika yayi)">Extreme points</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Member_states_of_the_African_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Member states of the African Union (jani likusangika yayi)">Member states</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Regions_of_the_African_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Regions of the African Union (jani likusangika yayi)">Regions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organs_of_the_African_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Organs of the African Union (jani likusangika yayi)">Organs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Executive_Council_of_the_African_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Executive Council of the African Union (jani likusangika yayi)">Executive Council</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Permanent_Representatives%27_Committee_of_the_African_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Permanent Representatives' Committee of the African Union (jani likusangika yayi)">Permanent Representatives' Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Specialised_Technical_Committees_of_the_African_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Specialised Technical Committees of the African Union (jani likusangika yayi)">Specialized Technical Committees</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Assembly_of_the_African_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Assembly of the African Union (jani likusangika yayi)">Assembly</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chairperson_of_the_African_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chairperson of the African Union (jani likusangika yayi)">Chairperson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=African_Union_Commission&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="African Union Commission (jani likusangika yayi)">Commission</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chairperson_of_the_African_Union_Commission&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chairperson of the African Union Commission (jani likusangika yayi)">Chairperson</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chairperson_of_the_African_Union_Commission&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chairperson of the African Union Commission (jani likusangika yayi)">Deputy Chairperson</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AU_Conference_Center_and_Office_Complex&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AU Conference Center and Office Complex (jani likusangika yayi)">AUCC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pan-African_Parliament&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pan-African Parliament (jani likusangika yayi)">Pan-African Parliament</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bureau_of_the_Pan-African_Parliament&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bureau of the Pan-African Parliament (jani likusangika yayi)">Bureau</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Secretariat_of_the_Pan-African_Parliament&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Secretariat of the Pan-African Parliament (jani likusangika yayi)">Secretariat</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gallagher_Convention_Centre&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gallagher Convention Centre (jani likusangika yayi)">Gallagher Estate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Court_of_Justice_of_the_African_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Court of Justice of the African Union (jani likusangika yayi)">African Court of Justice</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=African_Court_on_Human_and_Peoples%27_Rights&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights (jani likusangika yayi)">African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Economic,_Social_and_Cultural_Council&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economic, Social and Cultural Council (jani likusangika yayi)">ECOSOCC Committees</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peace_and_Security_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peace and Security Committee (jani likusangika yayi)">Peace and Security</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Political_Affairs_Committee_(African_Union)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Political Affairs Committee (African Union) (jani likusangika yayi)">Political Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Infrastructure_and_Energy_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Infrastructure and Energy Committee (jani likusangika yayi)">Infrastructure and Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Social_Affairs_and_Health_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Social Affairs and Health Committee (jani likusangika yayi)">Social Affairs and Health</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Human_Resources,_Science,_and_Technology_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Human Resources, Science, and Technology Committee (jani likusangika yayi)">HR, Sciences and Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trade_and_Industry_Committee_(African_Union)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trade and Industry Committee (African Union) (jani likusangika yayi)">Trade and Industry</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rural_Economy_and_Agriculture_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rural Economy and Agriculture Committee (jani likusangika yayi)">Rural Economy and Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Economic_Affairs_Committee_(African_Union)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economic Affairs Committee (African Union) (jani likusangika yayi)">Economic Affairs</a></li> <li>Women and Gender</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cross-Cutting_Programs_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cross-Cutting Programs Committee (jani likusangika yayi)">Cross-Cutting Programs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Financial institutions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=African_Central_Bank&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="African Central Bank (jani likusangika yayi)">African Central Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=African_Monetary_Fund&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="African Monetary Fund (jani likusangika yayi)">African Monetary Fund</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=African_Investment_Bank&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="African Investment Bank (jani likusangika yayi)">African Investment Bank</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peace_and_Security_Council&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peace and Security Council (jani likusangika yayi)">Peace and Security Council</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=African_Capacity_for_Immediate_Response_to_Crises&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="African Capacity for Immediate Response to Crises (jani likusangika yayi)">ACIRC</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=African_Standby_Force&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="African Standby Force (jani likusangika yayi)">African Standby Force</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panel_of_the_Wise&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Panel of the Wise (jani likusangika yayi)">Panel of the Wise</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_Nations%E2%80%93African_Union_Mission_in_Darfur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="United Nations–African Union Mission in Darfur (jani likusangika yayi)">UNAMID</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=African_Union_Mission_in_Burundi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="African Union Mission in Burundi (jani likusangika yayi)">AMIB</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=African_Union_Mission_in_Sudan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="African Union Mission in Sudan (jani likusangika yayi)">AMIS</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=African_Union_Mission_to_Somalia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="African Union Mission to Somalia (jani likusangika yayi)">AMISOM</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MISCA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MISCA (jani likusangika yayi)">MISCA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Specialised agencies and institutions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Africa_Centres_for_Disease_Control_and_Prevention&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (jani likusangika yayi)">Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Politics_of_the_African_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Politics of the African Union (jani likusangika yayi)">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=African_Peer_Review_Mechanism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="African Peer Review Mechanism (jani likusangika yayi)">APRM</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_the_African_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Foreign relations of the African Union (jani likusangika yayi)">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=African_Charter_on_Human_and_Peoples%27_Rights&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights (jani likusangika yayi)">African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=African_Commission_on_Human_and_Peoples%27_Rights&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights (jani likusangika yayi)">African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enlargement_of_the_African_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Enlargement of the African Union (jani likusangika yayi)">Enlargement</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Africa_Command&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="United States Africa Command (jani likusangika yayi)">United States Africa Command</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_United_States_military_bases&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of United States military bases (jani likusangika yayi)">United States military bases</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_United_States_ambassadors_to_the_African_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of United States ambassadors to the African Union (jani likusangika yayi)">United States ambassador</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symbols_of_the_African_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Symbols of the African Union (jani likusangika yayi)">Symbols</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Let_Us_All_Unite_and_Celebrate_Together&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Let Us All Unite and Celebrate Together (jani likusangika yayi)">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Emblem_of_the_African_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Emblem of the African Union (jani likusangika yayi)">Emblem</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_the_African_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flag of the African Union (jani likusangika yayi)">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=African_Union_Passport&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="African Union Passport (jani likusangika yayi)">Passport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_the_African_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economy of the African Union (jani likusangika yayi)">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_central_banks_of_Africa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of central banks of Africa (jani likusangika yayi)">Currencies</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Gold_standard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gold standard (jani likusangika yayi)">Gold standard</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=African_Development_Bank&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="African Development Bank (jani likusangika yayi)">Development Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=African_Economic_Community&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="African Economic Community (jani likusangika yayi)">African Economic Community</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Partnership_for_Africa%27s_Development&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="New Partnership for Africa's Development (jani likusangika yayi)">NEPAD</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=African_Continental_Free_Trade_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="African Continental Free Trade Area (jani likusangika yayi)">African Continental Free Trade Area</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Single_African_Air_Transport_Market&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Single African Air Transport Market (jani likusangika yayi)">Single African Air Transport Market</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Africa_Day&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Africa Day (jani likusangika yayi)">Africa Day</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Theory</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=African_Monetary_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="African Monetary Union (jani likusangika yayi)">Afro</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_of_Africa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="United States of Africa (jani likusangika yayi)">United States of Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_of_Latin_Africa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="United States of Latin Africa (jani likusangika yayi)">United States of Latin Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=East_African_Federation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="East African Federation (jani likusangika yayi)">East African Federation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Category:African_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Category:African Union (jani likusangika yayi)">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r107036"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r33398"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Arab_League" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r107036"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r48070"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Arab_League" title="Template:Arab League"><abbr title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Arab_League&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Arab League (jani likusangika yayi)"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Arab_League" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Arab League"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none 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class="new" title="Category:Arab League (jani likusangika yayi)">Arab League</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="List-Class article"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lists_of_the_Arab_League&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lists of the Arab League (jani likusangika yayi)">Lists</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Politics_of_the_Arab_League&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Politics of the Arab League (jani likusangika yayi)">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charter_of_the_Arab_League&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charter of the Arab League (jani likusangika yayi)">Charter</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Council_of_the_Arab_League&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Council of the Arab League (jani likusangika yayi)">Council</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_the_Arab_League&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flag of the Arab League (jani likusangika yayi)">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geography_of_the_Arab_world&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geography of the Arab world (jani likusangika yayi)">Geography</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Headquarters_of_the_Arab_League&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Headquarters of the Arab League (jani likusangika yayi)">Headquarters</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_the_Arab_League&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="History of the Arab League (jani likusangika yayi)">History</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_of_the_Arab_League&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Military of the Arab League (jani likusangika yayi)">Military</a></li> <li>Joint Defence Council</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arab_Parliament&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arab Parliament (jani likusangika yayi)">Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arab_Union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arab Union (jani likusangika yayi)">Arab Union</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_Arab_League.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Emblem_of_the_Arab_League.svg/55px-Emblem_of_the_Arab_League.svg.png" decoding="async" width="55" height="59" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Emblem_of_the_Arab_League.svg/83px-Emblem_of_the_Arab_League.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Emblem_of_the_Arab_League.svg/110px-Emblem_of_the_Arab_League.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="420" data-file-height="450" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Membership</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Member_states_of_the_Arab_League&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Member states of the Arab League (jani likusangika yayi)">Members</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comoros" title="Comoros">Comoros</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritania" title="Mauritania">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=State_of_Palestine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="State of Palestine (jani likusangika yayi)">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Observers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eritrea" title="Eritrea">Eritrea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Candidates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_Sudan" title="South Sudan">South Sudan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diplomacy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arab_Peace_Initiative&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arab Peace Initiative (jani likusangika yayi)">Arab Peace Initiative</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arab_League_monitors_in_Syria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arab League monitors in Syria (jani likusangika yayi)">Arab League monitors in Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arab_League%E2%80%93European_Union_relations&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arab League–European Union relations (jani likusangika yayi)">Arab League–European Union relations</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_the_Arab_League&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Foreign relations of the Arab League (jani likusangika yayi)">Foreign relations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Life</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_the_Arab_League&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Demographics of the Arab League (jani likusangika yayi)">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_the_Arab_League&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economy of the Arab League (jani likusangika yayi)">Economy</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Arab_League_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of Arab League countries by GDP (nominal) (jani likusangika yayi)">GDP</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Economic_and_Social_Council_(Arab_League)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economic and Social Council (Arab League) (jani likusangika yayi)">Economic and Social Council</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Institutions_of_the_Arab_League&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Institutions of the Arab League (jani likusangika yayi)">Institutions</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sport_policies_of_the_Arab_League&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sport policies of the Arab League (jani likusangika yayi)">Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport_in_the_Arab_League&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Transport in the Arab League (jani likusangika yayi)">Transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pan-Arabism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pan-Arabism (jani likusangika yayi)">Pan-Arabism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_of_Arab_National_Olympic_Committees&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Union of Arab National Olympic Committees (jani likusangika yayi)">Union of Arab National Olympic Committees</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pan_Arab_Games&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pan Arab Games (jani likusangika yayi)">Pan Arab Games</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r107036"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r33398"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Organisation_internationale_de_la_Francophonie" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r107036"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r48070"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:La_Francophonie" title="Template:La Francophonie"><abbr title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:La_Francophonie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:La Francophonie (jani likusangika yayi)"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:La_Francophonie" title="Special:EditPage/Template:La Francophonie"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Organisation_internationale_de_la_Francophonie" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organisation_internationale_de_la_Francophonie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Organisation internationale de la Francophonie (jani likusangika yayi)">Organisation internationale de la Francophonie</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Member_states_of_the_Organisation_internationale_de_la_Francophonie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Member states of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie (jani likusangika yayi)">Members</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andorra" title="Andorra">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benin" title="Benin">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burkina_Faso" title="Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burundi" title="Burundi">Burundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cameroon" title="Cameroon">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Verde" title="Cape Verde">Cape Verde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic" title="Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chad" title="Chad">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comoros" title="Comoros">Comoros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Republic of the Congo">Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominica" title="Dominica">Dominica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equatorial_Guinea" title="Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabon" title="Gabon">Gabon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guinea" title="Guinea">Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guinea-Bissau" title="Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haiti" title="Haiti">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivory_Coast" title="Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=North_Macedonia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="North Macedonia (jani likusangika yayi)">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mali" title="Mali">Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritania" title="Mauritania">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moldova" title="Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monaco" title="Monaco">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niger" title="Niger">Niger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rwanda" title="Rwanda">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Lucia" title="Saint Lucia">Saint Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="São Tomé and Príncipe">São Tomé and Príncipe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Togo" title="Togo">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanuatu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vanuatu (jani likusangika yayi)">Vanuatu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">National/regional members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Community_of_Belgium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="French Community of Belgium (jani likusangika yayi)">French Community of Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Brunswick&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="New Brunswick (jani likusangika yayi)">New Brunswick</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quebec&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Quebec (jani likusangika yayi)">Quebec</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Associate members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia">Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Observers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bosnia_and_Herzegovina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina (jani likusangika yayi)">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Czech_Republic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Czech Republic (jani likusangika yayi)">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic" title="Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Georgia_(country)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Georgia (country) (jani likusangika yayi)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Republic_of_Ireland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Republic of Ireland (jani likusangika yayi)">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosovo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosovo (jani likusangika yayi)">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozambique" title="Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uruguay" title="Uruguay">Uruguay</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Suspended members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organization</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Assembl%C3%A9e_parlementaire_de_la_Francophonie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Assemblée parlementaire de la Francophonie (jani likusangika yayi)">Assemblée parlementaire de la Francophonie</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agence_de_Coop%C3%A9ration_Culturelle_et_Technique&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agence de Coopération Culturelle et Technique (jani likusangika yayi)">Agence de Coopération Culturelle et Technique</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agence_universitaire_de_la_Francophonie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agence universitaire de la Francophonie (jani likusangika yayi)">Agence universitaire de la Francophonie</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="French language (jani likusangika yayi)">French language</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=UN_French_Language_Day&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UN French Language Day (jani likusangika yayi)">UN French Language Day</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Francophonie_Day&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Francophonie Day (jani likusangika yayi)">International Francophonie Day</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jeux_de_la_Francophonie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jeux de la Francophonie (jani likusangika yayi)">Jeux de la Francophonie</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prix_des_cinq_continents_de_la_francophonie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prix des cinq continents de la francophonie (jani likusangika yayi)">Prix des cinq continents de la francophonie</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Senghor_University&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Senghor University (jani likusangika yayi)">Senghor University</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Assembl%C3%A9e_des_francophones_fonctionnaires_des_organisations_internationales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Assemblée des francophones fonctionnaires des organisations internationales (jani likusangika yayi)">AFFOI</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=TV5Monde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="TV5Monde (jani likusangika yayi)">TV5Monde</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=LGBT_rights_in_La_Francophonie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="LGBT rights in La Francophonie (jani likusangika yayi)">LGBT rights</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Category:Organisation_internationale_de_la_Francophonie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Category:Organisation internationale de la Francophonie (jani likusangika yayi)">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r107036"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r33398"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Community_of_Sahel–Saharan_States_(CEN-SAD)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r107036"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r48070"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Community_of_Sahel%E2%80%93Saharan_States" title="Template:Community of Sahel–Saharan States"><abbr title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Community_of_Sahel%E2%80%93Saharan_States&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Community of Sahel–Saharan States (jani likusangika yayi)"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Community_of_Sahel%E2%80%93Saharan_States" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Community of Sahel–Saharan States"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Community_of_Sahel–Saharan_States_(CEN-SAD)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Community_of_Sahel%E2%80%93Saharan_States&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Community of Sahel–Saharan States (jani likusangika yayi)">Community of Sahel–Saharan States (CEN-SAD)</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benin" title="Benin">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burkina_Faso" title="Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Verde" title="Cape Verde">Cape Verde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic" title="Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chad" title="Chad">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comoros" title="Comoros">Comoros</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eritrea" title="Eritrea">Eritrea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Gambia" class="mw-redirect" title="The Gambia">Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guinea" title="Guinea">Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guinea-Bissau" title="Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivory_Coast" title="Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenya" title="Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberia" title="Liberia">Liberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mali" title="Mali">Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritania" title="Mauritania">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niger" title="Niger">Niger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="São Tomé and Príncipe">São Tomé and Príncipe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leone" title="Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Togo" title="Togo">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r107036"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r33398"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r41523">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q977#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q977#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q977#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1203974/">FAST</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000107292948">ISNI</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/155608529">VIAF</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJbWBJw4kXbwcRTpKyCWjC">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX460660">Spain</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb120780286">France</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb120780286">BnF data</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4070610-2">Germany</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007550253905171">Israel</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n78080066">United States</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/ljx0zd0451qfg4f">Sweden</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00575679">Japan</a></span></li> <li><span 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href="http://kulturnav.org/db7237ea-60d1-4dcc-9bb9-57f941efb891">KulturNav</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.parliament.uk/zv7QOKHa">UK Parliament</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://esu.com.ua/search_articles.php?id=23997">Encyclopedia of Modern Ukraine</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/fr/articles/032648">Historical Dictionary of Switzerland</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10044246">NARA</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/029080029">IdRef</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82481">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Djibouti&params=11_30_N_43_00_E_type:country_region:DJ"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">11°30′N</span> 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