CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '91351965aa9e406a',cH: 'ujzRSOBuU1MKXN3iM6eeSQIvxdQMpt.HkjMq6rZfKSQ-1739788196-1.2.1.1-cSiwGtm7BSgQkK1Tu044O87ikTuiBh3lm8PUurFEp0qlwfRRWPo5RLF4fBulksUL',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=LEED-ND&__cf_chl_tk=lDmV66snHmNH0XaMY4gzBJiuortEVY16_WVQUuow30k-1739788196-1.0.1.1-0YZQST9GTrp7KwhQHa9rB8MBtcSIV2lv5z8IvOJb6Q4",cFPWv: 'g',cITimeS: '1739788196',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=LEED-ND&__cf_chl_f_tk=lDmV66snHmNH0XaMY4gzBJiuortEVY16_WVQUuow30k-1739788196-1.0.1.1-0YZQST9GTrp7KwhQHa9rB8MBtcSIV2lv5z8IvOJb6Q4",md: "RkFaqjuxU2uxW4Oty8URRZpJkS1_YX6yEEU13gLGYro-1739788196-1.2.1.1-fmkB9HSCbYT2OCpiaO.wLG_e0.C0oyfQ35StEa2pGM8Q6PkQ0QFBocWna2Wpu17Q3jukiDX6XFyUXDvX9d0Zqxhero8wTpyGIjC7zPL7KWorpsW2J35jO.6wgw.5ZXnglEQB5U14TrTZVgSiJu_TI8Lpi8PxxoEO1OjQ9EfccYwYr0v_PLkR5Zh79YcTiQ.hxbEwbMGzURS_i1G.QRxqZe9U8wXyqmmUNs.ZW99xEhGKMmXaY2fuq2ahnZnhZ0CqAS_c4m7A3hIM9s272OdaYSXKwiBvC.cTZW_.CPb7DIvhDK0KbKP7fYrowQ7dfXY55_CpJ.tLU7fsfOxYRHna8x0tDm7JriFt7Fs3r0_ZsErJj7ZNM7BNYZ7zmtgek5.T_UO0W0N.4P37rLd_r7q0kjlJf.YtYJhOljwL5rPjIp5jh2.Xps8btXiEOjtqEXCdlbrfkqSed8EXsyJiZVQ0d0zLt9kKil5v7i4hNo__IYAB.9J0qv7GALbsY4LZ0tS.wN48jKxyozF11tX2BIaYm6H0oT_Cy_Z9MXq3lG26Q_d6Oi96grF_s0BrLfGUBlWg2RMgRxxTIss0XywHs7cFHZPrF8LwH04R_0MTO0xSGJ_0d_1hCIggg5WDofNWb6oDoIUjcCljMwzFB.wInJQmo1xKGI1yQZjKQmHdLWF2be9.DawwbzQD5E.fWA2essbsLxjdIw29KPHPgSBCP_vgdLNAlobLVTIPMFMqBF9Lm6CXFPUuJa6vhbA_3VwCbEr6_SmufxH5L9e18sxwAK.WGOXFUmFe9SifaRf8ZBMyQBOuXCLYDPp4d5SuxamoTIjaDwBW4ftLOPIMtyg14JrG5GuRLfUE6ClJy1BrQwk2x4vAL5ec066EgTlnSEPkd7L0pdJC8zRZFt5MqFvQLOX12BAsXb3jWK3qdS5ZauGu7aaamz5.ArG0je8Mol.JSw3_pgQWqe6Rfgw_Co7T.MCC1oaAI1K2.O0gp_uPHsrPNC0L_YNWm98TL3NpLZyPx9lVx8g1LTo7DFv7lLyPODpOUvOKdBw_mj.cskilOqB5U8JGDSCF9_DqfbpektEmOuMOJrlkjDOs0fMMECuJnIgfP_yhSqFX9Dmqh70l5spzv_HrhTk1xbfkGlmtYkEbs80W_dea7CyqoqB98lH96YYHMMflHyLw66u704xVmPj41nfHmedTFhugH_mD7iSkVEF4hOrXI33xa8idA5JrFQZIGljyGGsTO9fhbMeWiyJL.3vFMNkg6n3WuNo3o5XGeex8c78nzaIqoH7DMuVZnotcJQTi9C0nV2mH_wzieLirTQyGkp9Gnm077md.D0e7v4IOGHQdGGZvjb3XQGpuqKBGEDs2PhMLIoTpQvoeEf40wU0bYEdMPoRB_eoVlMgrVD9zIVDQZ2ymHb9GJCOdsB0AQJv_HsOZIJvP3IraUMJir1k2MVoXIcmKWFTP8q2aYz6LijLWRzeidQ6lU6mS9VoKxoTBOv1CeLep01SXqf1cqJ53XtWrICSlOrS0BR3rqBwY51Y3EOVrL6ZOdBW4jrDGqSf1CN2_kXbdhxBPNB4o5XLZ1.8nZKP.TOdWl0NX.ucKpcVkBmpcuGnqeScCcWHGiKzeZQYjPY1u7aBxWvast7bzhoeeVltC9IGBrewmuCh.sB5UI5.uNxuj11EYsZmtRfhmJkBnJJUA1l7QU4IVHKgrZP9ksc9YROk.vmTzvWeik.rkUU00lFyAT4RO2KpoE6P50dRPo_YZqhiVC9mg_z61ZQlLBuyuoMwUiICoXrKtCJ5WT26gXcb8MOGXZn0FR.L0QYttV9PMJ6vp8lqsj8yUpDTCHE_oNNSDIihH5Nx6b85nASYVdaxv41ODAFAOI_cY66jLpAlCDFnLciqYBKbEZT0LEac7HM07AxvMkOdnl27tvpEVoiC1HcFHB.Vc5g",mdrd: "m6J56uUpmmiFsToCVN4I.mvUklRWjZj8xn2rZtRZb5o-1739788196-1.2.1.1-Jai25TZgp7a4wfme_n5syC0UpbDDpKZy9aF_iAuKT5SReYt6GRmix0IB.uEMfF0uf5TQfuTlh7vvwef5gtB7qSLyWC6OMnM_qEaKNG2msazBFYLF8_UC0egSC6ra9H2K4bFZwCJ9L5gVZuSHHK1ko5f1DNGDDLZRHrSuWXUBvXSk3vfy9XayKQPSEmderaz4D81el3mOq6j7zPjTVOqxHFQ46Gb9uswkXbslMQA6J0Ks.V_JdL1yvqEu9X4QH5rKwVGg6uz2iyjIiVj6MvNl0Lkw_HDoOZQxh_2O2dGz2Hru5FA7mOmLZBSkH9YFP5w2ILcpeuPd3wtk1hPOLoGQtmnxvZe2csNdbHDT_Vqqkzp4Ihwm1HtVDZj8F6rT8VqY2xHV.a4MeRd5kKTJlQQX4JU7Lx_3XLi9ME_HpIfknORyRaU5d9d8qHvl80in3mNy5y39sFtHyOOjXFPu5KKzcomJqBeSCVe8PvSNJbBYVdpQ3slU23uwFxpDwCBFQtfvqfVoxKU2GKls1JC.CkIkB9i3js_8TpgSnQnPY82XFo1WQvoHpysBk1uhcOC0Bk._uKob4T7Gkt0Bh7tMmcd5K5UlluAckFZaHoxwv5v3ssksJIFwxmXVHM2yMYKsnyQGsaRrs.xC3Kqezd9T1fIEzfkzb2JibAEWrtvYpYGBlJtD3wzWO0SQrw13DHdKtrtlNCo0KPDERAlDXw6cCIkrddrI.j.az_d9s74AQKFtUNwKqfUcyvT4EOLF7yfGU41pAgHoKXcbRChlxB8n8gvhLPgDuqi2Y3jAKT1qdwjWO4ClC6mZpjSW9ubuxDSGyPJ772B8Rbgc8B_fjjlWFovcwCHuUNtrpzMG1Q6G5p9_KdXGJHCVHYkzHD5XPWEUwEY3FMCB0wBb.RRODW2QRN4cdpknEqITQw3kc7Z4h5Jai_uzXhi78DN8VE1PL9MBPCSJ.TqHH5GRb8nv5lzcJV0sGCW6cXJK2YijP5UeibAXBoNsRNcRSdKYdG.fAnCm1GPPCEJye1tXpRjUP2UNhMB7gr8ke6Rl.7BxIDOx2F.1OH4YmrPJYU1vMSEcfaV9Wyk56aP3I5nXd_nuSpC_g6BQ5TpxmeI0J2Sd6EUFLpCTW.35tPGOaVdJ2RhyC_tjhzQAeiUhwu9vx4V6labeb9GHMM0uQOZXQG_Pp97sh9lBg8kn4P4jNO0ZP1u5yTLaadbuYc0FJmqKmjS6_UxQ8nq.27FxvCqbBGBco_xvIbO0RwUmjT2VrfQaedTk7neON5DwF6R.mWNmQyN_81Tj6I8.21umVh8Gwdk0B6LAFUIZr182rOVBYxrLZ0E4Yqoo12veelSFBSLLyoB__gWCmG2ibDxP5MPWzQK9La1l1Cid0_7xDWyUK3PGTmflR7Z4TKFnL8s2TRMp8tfuugd5Z2zHGnWGgMtvG_JeS3rszv.yqg7pl6JlfoGblyhYERjqn43jEA3rUdBd8NTw6R5px3jf_MBAT8pJDmc_P..bSrMYD7OYgNSdUYeZiyq2LgDgpRSi1J08hjhWZkHRSN6Q7D3JxkkejtbW5rWxMP7HFJ3uELf1U.YE.sqOMXStarHLVPqvvclh1cUkK3txM9fMVxkxF1Phx6cb4jxXL97J3OPOxvVtTeeQcpYEQHo_QHBufDtxYvsUP9C0qU7UVmfphopfVLGVeV_tZJQkMqc8oasdRbIT1f6HpobTnSed5np8q6ySPutwpbRugt2uXqhoq1fLtV2OHhQJ1CMgjJ2OJNR4q_3NMZqU8OpYZpYtvqgvQxvLSXjYMUS5Q_ogNiUOus_mwkfG8eDD.XYZ6Sh1BCEL1oNDRts6By2R722CDzC9jBFb4h8ebA.yMCywHcgPRU0V_PDS_4mf0G570_.wXb0kvsXy6hsTn4hPkPnEwJjpMF652dv2heRFEzkmi2uBqXByYg52G_7QadFKGOdX.6R0bqbY8uQHcDykVuoCmjL5C07N"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=91351965aa9e406a';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=LEED-ND&__cf_chl_rt_tk=lDmV66snHmNH0XaMY4gzBJiuortEVY16_WVQUuow30k-1739788196-1.0.1.1-0YZQST9GTrp7KwhQHa9rB8MBtcSIV2lv5z8IvOJb6Q4" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>