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rate</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Dose rate"> <meta name="keywords" content="Dose rate"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" 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class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Dose rate"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 2973</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Dose rate</h1> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2973</span> Effect of Dose Rate of Irradiation on Ultrastructure of Duodenal Mucosa</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=L.%20Lab%C3%A9jof">L. Lab茅jof</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=I.%20Moror%C3%B3"> I. Moror贸</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=P.%20Galle"> P. Galle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=G.%20Barbosa"> G. Barbosa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.I.%20Severo"> M.I. Severo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.H.%20de%20Oliveira"> A.H. de Oliveira</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ultrastructure of duodenum mucosa of irradiated rat was studied versus dose rate of irradiation following exposure to gamma rays from 60-Cobalt source. The animals were whole body irradiated at two dose rates (1 Gy.mn-1 and 1 Gy.h-1) and three total doses (1, 2 or 4 Gy) for each dose rate. 24 or 48 h after irradiation, their small intestine was removed and samples of duodenum were processed for observations under a transmission electron microscopy. Samples of duodenum mucosa of control rats were processed in the same way. For the lower dose rate of 1 Gy.h-1, main lesions characteristic of apoptosis were detected within irradiated enterocytes at a total dose of 2 Gy and 24 h after exposure. Necrosis was noted in the samples, 48 h after exposition. For the higher dose rate of 1 Gy.mn-1, fewer changes were detected at all total doses 24 or 48 h irradiation. Thus, it was shown that the appearance of radiationinduced alterations varies not only with increasing total dose and post-irradiation time but especially with decreasing dose rate. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dose%20rate" title="Dose rate">Dose rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Radiation%20Inury" title=" Radiation Inury"> Radiation Inury</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Apoptosis" title=" Apoptosis"> Apoptosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=SmallBowel" title=" SmallBowel"> SmallBowel</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1324/effect-of-dose-rate-of-irradiation-on-ultrastructure-of-duodenal-mucosa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1324/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1324/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1324/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1324/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1324/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1324/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1324/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1324/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1324/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1324/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1324.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1947</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2972</span> Experimental and Analytical Dose Assessment of Patient's Family Members Treated with I-131</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Marzieh%20Ebrahimi">Marzieh Ebrahimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Vahid%20Changizi"> Vahid Changizi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mohammad%20Reza%20Kardan"> Mohammad Reza Kardan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Seyed%20Mahdi%20Hosseini%20Pooya"> Seyed Mahdi Hosseini Pooya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Parham%20Geramifar"> Parham Geramifar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Radiation exposure to the patient's family members is one of the major concerns during thyroid cancer radionuclide therapy. The aim of this study was to measure the total effective dose of the family members by means of thermoluminescence personal dosimeter, and compare with those calculated by analytical methods. Eighty-five adult family members of fifty-one patients volunteered to participate in this research study. Considering the minimum and maximum range of dose rate from 15 µsv/h to 120 µsv/h at patients' release time, the calculated mean and median dose values of family members were 0.45 mSv and 0.28 mSv, respectively. Moreover, almost all family members’ doses were measured to be less than the dose constraint of 5 mSv recommended by Basic Safety Standards. Considering the influence parameters such as patient dose rate and administrated activity, the total effective doses of family members were calculated by TEDE and NRC formulas and compared with those of experimental results. The results indicated that, it is fruitful to use the quantitative calculations for releasing patients treated with I-131 and correct estimation of patients' family doses. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Effective%20dose" title="Effective dose">Effective dose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=thermoluminescence" title=" thermoluminescence"> thermoluminescence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=I-131" title=" I-131"> I-131</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Thyroid%20cancer." title=" Thyroid cancer."> Thyroid cancer.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005316/experimental-and-analytical-dose-assessment-of-patients-family-members-treated-with-i-131" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005316/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005316/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005316/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005316/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005316/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005316/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005316/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005316/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005316/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005316/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005316.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1510</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2971</span> Workplace Monitoring During Interventional Cardiology Procedures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=N.%20Todorovic">N. Todorovic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=I.%20Bikit"> I. Bikit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20Nikolov"> J. Nikolov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Forkapic"> S. Forkapic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=D.%20Mrdja"> D. Mrdja</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Todorovic"> S. Todorovic</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Interventional cardiologists are at greater risk from radiation exposure as a result of the procedures they undertake than most other medical specialists. A study was performed to evaluate operator dose during interventional cardiology procedures and to establish methods of operator dose reduction with a radiation protective device. Different procedure technique and use of protective tools can explain big difference in the annual equivalent dose received by the professionals. Strategies to prevent and monitor radiation exposure, advanced protective shielding and effective radiation monitoring methods should be applied. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=absorbed%20dose%20rate%20measurements" title="absorbed dose rate measurements">absorbed dose rate measurements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=annualequivalent%20dose" title=" annualequivalent dose"> annualequivalent dose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=protective%20device." title=" protective device."> protective device.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7966/workplace-monitoring-during-interventional-cardiology-procedures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7966/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7966/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7966/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7966/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7966/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7966/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7966/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7966/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7966/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7966/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7966.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1536</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2970</span> The Effect of Acute Toxicity and Thyroid Hormone Treatments on Hormonal Changes during Embryogenesis of Acipenser persicus</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Samaneh%20Nazeri">Samaneh Nazeri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Bagher%20Mojazi%20Amiri"> Bagher Mojazi Amiri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hamid%20Farahmand"> Hamid Farahmand</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Production of high quality fish eggs with reasonable hatching rate makes a success in aquaculture industries. It is influenced by the environmental stimulators and inhibitors. Diazinon is a widely-used pesticide in Golestan province (Southern Caspian Sea, North of Iran) which is washed to the aquatic environment (3 mg/L in the river). It is little known about the effect of this pesticide on the embryogenesis of sturgeon fish, the valuable species of the Caspian Sea. Hormonal content of the egg is an important factor to guaranty the successful passes of embryonic stages. In this study, the fate of Persian sturgeon embryo to 24, 48, 72, and 96-hours exposure of diazinon (LC<sub>50</sub> dose) was tested. Also, the effect of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) on these embryos was tested concurrently or separately with diazinon LC <sub>50</sub> dose. Fertilized eggs are exposed to T3 (low dose: 1 ng/ml, high dose: 10 ng/ml), T4 (low dose: 1 ng/ml, high dose: 10 ng/ml). Six eggs were randomly selected from each treatment (with three replicates) in five developmental stages (two cell- division, neural, heart present, heart beaten, and hatched larvae). The possibility of changing T3, T4, and cortisol contents of the embryos were determined in all treated groups and in every mentioned embryonic stage. The hatching rate in treated groups was assayed at the end of the embryogenesis to clarify the effect of thyroid hormones and diazinon. The results indicated significant differences in thyroid hormone contents, but no significant differences were recognized in cortisol levels at various early life stages of embryos. There was also significant difference in thyroid hormones in (T3, T4) + diazinon treated embryos (<em>P</em>藗0.05), while no significant difference between control and treatments in cortisol levels was observed. The highest hatching rate was recorded in HT3 treatment, while the lowest hatching rate was recorded for diazinon LC<sub>50</sub> treatment. The result confirmed that Persian sturgeon embryo is less sensitive to diazinon compared to teleost embryos, and thyroid hormones may increase hatching rate even in the presence of diazinon. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Persian%20sturgeon" title="Persian sturgeon">Persian sturgeon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=diazinon" title=" diazinon"> diazinon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=thyroid%20hormones" title=" thyroid hormones"> thyroid hormones</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=cortisol" title=" cortisol"> cortisol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=embryo." title=" embryo."> embryo.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006266/the-effect-of-acute-toxicity-and-thyroid-hormone-treatments-on-hormonal-changes-during-embryogenesis-of-acipenser-persicus" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006266/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006266/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006266/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006266/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006266/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006266/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006266/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006266/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006266/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006266/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006266.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1293</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2969</span> Environmental Impact Assessment of Ceramic Tile Materials Used in Jordan on Indoor Radon Level</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mefleh%20S.%20Hamideen">Mefleh S. Hamideen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In this investigation, activity concentration of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K, of some ceramic tile materials used in the local market of Jordan for interior decoration were determined by making use of High Purity Germanium (HPGe) detector. Twenty samples of different country of origin and sizes used in Jordan were analyzed. The concentration values of the last-mentioned radionuclides ranged from 30 Bq.kg-1 (Sample from Jordan) to 98 Bq.kg-1 (Sample from China) for 226Ra, 31 Bq.kg-1 (Sample from Italy) to 98 Bq.kg-1 (Sample from China) for 232Th, and 129 Bq.kg-1 (Sample from Spain) to 679 Bq.kg-1 (Sample from Italy) for 40K. Based on the calculated activity concentrations, some radiological parameters have been calculated to test the radiation hazards in the ceramic tiles. In this work, the following parameters: Total absorbed dose rate (DR), Annual effective dose rate (HR), Radium equivalent activity (Raeq), Radon emanation coefficient F (%) and Radon mass exhalation rate (Em) were calculated for all ceramic tiles and listed in the body of the work. Fortunately, the average calculated values of all parameters are less than the recommended values for each parameter. Consequently, almost all the examined ceramic materials appear to have low radon emanation coefficients. As a result of that investigation, no problems on people can appear by using those ceramic tiles in Jordan.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=radon%20emanation%20coefficient" title="radon emanation coefficient">radon emanation coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=radon%20mass%20exhalation%20rate" title=" radon mass exhalation rate"> radon mass exhalation rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=total%20annual%20effective%20dose" title=" total annual effective dose"> total annual effective dose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=radon%20level" title=" radon level"> radon level</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012362/environmental-impact-assessment-of-ceramic-tile-materials-used-in-jordan-on-indoor-radon-level" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012362/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012362/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012362/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012362/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012362/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012362/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012362/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012362/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012362/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012362/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012362.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">542</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2968</span> The Nuclear Power Plant Environment Monitoring System through Mobile Units</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=P.%20Tanuska">P. Tanuska</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Elias"> A. Elias</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=P.%20Vazan"> P. Vazan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=B.%20Zahradnikova"> B. Zahradnikova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>This article describes the information system for measuring and evaluating the dose rate in the environment of nuclear power plants Mochovce and Bohunice in Slovakia. The article presents the results achieved in the implementation of the EU project – Research of monitoring and evaluation of nonstandard conditions in the area of nuclear power plants. The objectives included improving the system of acquisition, measuring and evaluating data with mobile and autonomous units applying new knowledge from research. The article provides basic and specific features of the system and compared to the previous version of the system, also new functions.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Information%20system" title="Information system">Information system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=dose%20rate" title=" dose rate"> dose rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=mobile%20devices" title=" mobile devices"> mobile devices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=nuclear%20power%20plant." title=" nuclear power plant."> nuclear power plant.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999829/the-nuclear-power-plant-environment-monitoring-system-through-mobile-units" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999829/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999829/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999829/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999829/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999829/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999829/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999829/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999829/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999829/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999829/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999829.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1806</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2967</span> Absorbed Dose Measurement in Gonads Menduring Abdominal and Pelvicradiotherapy </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sadegh%20Masoudi">Sadegh Masoudi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ali%20Asghar%20Yousefi"> Ali Asghar Yousefi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Somayeh%20Nourollahi"> Somayeh Nourollahi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fatemeh%20Noughani"> Fatemeh Noughani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Two different testicular tissues have to be distinguished in regard to radiation damage: first the seminiferous tubules, corresponding to the sites of spermatogenesis, which are extremely radiosensitive. Second the testosterone secreting Leydig cells, which are considered to be less radiosensitive. This study aims to estimate testicular dose and the associated risks for infertility and hereditary effects from Abdominal and pelvic irradiation. Radiotherapy was simulated on a humanoid phantom using a 15 MV photon beam. Testicular dose was measured for various field sizes and tissue thicknesses along beam axis using an ionization chamber and TLD. For transmission Factor Also common method of measuring the absorbed dose distribution and electron contamination in the build-up region of high-energy beams for radiation therapy is by means of parallel-plate Ionisation chambers. Gonadal dose was reduced by placing lead cups around the testes supplemented by a field edge block. For a tumor dose of 100 cGy, testicular dose was 2.96-8.12 cGy depending upon the field size and the distance from the inferior field edge. The treatment at parameters, the presence of gonad shield and the somatometric characteristics determine whether testicular dose can exceed 1 Gy which allows a complete recovery of spermatogenesis.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Absorbed%20Dose" title="Absorbed Dose">Absorbed Dose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Abdominal%20and%20pelvic" title=" Abdominal and pelvic"> Abdominal and pelvic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=gonads%20men" title=" gonads men"> gonads men</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Radiotherapy." title=" Radiotherapy."> Radiotherapy.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16877/absorbed-dose-measurement-in-gonads-menduring-abdominal-and-pelvicradiotherapy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16877/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16877/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16877/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16877/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16877/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16877/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16877/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16877/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16877/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16877/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16877.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2219</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2966</span> Directionally-Sensitive Personal Wearable Radiation Dosimeter</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hai%20Huu%20Le">Hai Huu Le</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Paul%20Junor"> Paul Junor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Moshi%20Geso"> Moshi Geso</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Graeme%20O%E2%80%99Keefe"> Graeme O鈥橩eefe</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, the authors propose a personal wearable directionally-sensitive radiation dosimeter using multiple semiconductor CdZnTe detectors. The proposed dosimeter not only measures the real-time dose rate but also provide the direction of the radioactive source. A linear relationship between radioactive source direction and the radiation intensity measured by each detectors is established and an equation to determine the source direction is derived by the authors. The efficiency and accuracy of the proposed dosimeter is verified by simulation using Geant4 package. Results have indicated that in a measurement duration of about 7 seconds, the proposed dosimeter was able to estimate the direction of a 10μCi 137/55Cs radioactive source to within 2 degrees. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dose%20rate" title="Dose rate">Dose rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Geant4%20package" title=" Geant4 package"> Geant4 package</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=radiation%20detectors" title=" radiation detectors"> radiation detectors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=radioactive%20source%20direction." title=" radioactive source direction."> radioactive source direction.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007110/directionally-sensitive-personal-wearable-radiation-dosimeter" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007110/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007110/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007110/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007110/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007110/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007110/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007110/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007110/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007110/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007110/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007110.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1193</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2965</span> Optimizing Exposure Parameters in Digital Mammography: A Study in Morocco </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Talbi%20Mohammed">Talbi Mohammed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Oustous%20Aziz"> Oustous Aziz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ben%20Messaoud%20Mounir"> Ben Messaoud Mounir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sebihi%20Rajaa"> Sebihi Rajaa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Khalis%20Mohammed"> Khalis Mohammed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Background: Breast cancer is the leading cause of death for women around the world. Screening mammography is the reference examination, due to its sensitivity for detecting small lesions and micro-calcifications. Therefore, it is essential to ensure quality mammographic examinations with the most optimal dose. These conditions depend on the choice of exposure parameters. Clinically, practices must be evaluated in order to determine the most appropriate exposure parameters. Material and Methods: We performed our measurements on a mobile mammography unit (PLANMED Sofie-classic.) in Morocco. A solid dosimeter (AGMS Radcal) and a MTM 100 phantom allow to quantify the delivered dose and the image quality. For image quality assessment, scores are defined by the rate of visible inserts (MTM 100 phantom), obtained and compared for each acquisition. Results: The results show that the parameters of the mammography unit on which we have made our measurements can be improved in order to offer a better compromise between image quality and breast dose. The last one can be reduced up from 13.27% to 22.16%, while preserving comparable image quality.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mammography" title="Mammography">Mammography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=image%20quality" title=" image quality"> image quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=breast%20dose." title=" breast dose. "> breast dose. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011031/optimizing-exposure-parameters-in-digital-mammography-a-study-in-morocco" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011031/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011031/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011031/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011031/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011031/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011031/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011031/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011031/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011031/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011031/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011031.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">786</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2964</span> Development and Characterization of Normoxic Polyhydroxyethylacrylate (PHEA) Gel Dosimeter using Raman Spectroscopy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Aifa%20Afirah%20Rozlan">Aifa Afirah Rozlan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mohamad%20Suhaimi%20Jaafar"> Mohamad Suhaimi Jaafar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Azhar%20Abdul%20Rahman"> Azhar Abdul Rahman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Raman spectroscopy are used to characterize the chemical changes in normoxic polyhydroxyethylacrylate gel dosimeter (PHEA) induced by radiation. Irradiations in the low dose region are performed and the polymerizations of PHEA gels are monitored by the observing the changes of Raman shift intensity of the carbon covalent bond of PHEA originated from both monomer and the cross-linker. The variation in peak intensities with absorbed dose was observed. As the dose increase, the peak intensities of covalent bond of carbon in the polymer gels decrease. This point out that the amount of absorbed dose affect the polymerization of polymer gels. As the absorbed dose increase, the polymerizations also increase. Results verify that PHEA gel dosimeters are sensitive even in lower dose region. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=normoxic%20polymer%20gel" title="normoxic polymer gel">normoxic polymer gel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=ascorbic%20acid" title=" ascorbic acid"> ascorbic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ramanspectroscopy" title=" Ramanspectroscopy"> Ramanspectroscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=radiation%20dosimetry." title=" radiation dosimetry."> radiation dosimetry.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6441/development-and-characterization-of-normoxic-polyhydroxyethylacrylate-phea-gel-dosimeter-using-raman-spectroscopy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6441/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6441/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6441/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6441/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6441/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6441/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6441/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6441/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6441/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6441/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6441.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1943</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2963</span> Dynamic Fast Tracing and Smoothing Technique for Geiger-Muller Dosimeter</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Ebrahimi%20Shohani">M. Ebrahimi Shohani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20M.%20Taheri"> S. M. Taheri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20M.%20Golgoun"> S. M. Golgoun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Environmental radiation dosimeter is a kind of detector that measures the dose of the radiation area. Dosimeter registers the radiation and converts it to the dose according to the calibration parameters. The limit of a dose is different at each radiation area and this limit should be notified and reported to the user and health physics department. The stochastic nature of radiation is the reason for the fluctuation of any gamma detector dosimetry. In this research we investigated Geiger-Muller type of dosimeter and tried to improve the dose measurement. Geiger-Muller dosimeter is a counter that converts registered radiation to the dose. Therefore, for better data analysis, it is necessary to apply an algorithm to smooth statistical variations of registered radiation. We proposed a method to smooth these fluctuations much more and also proposed a dynamic way to trace rapid changes of radiations. Results show that our method is fast and reliable method in comparison the traditional method.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Geiger-Muller" title="Geiger-Muller">Geiger-Muller</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=radiation%20detection" title=" radiation detection"> radiation detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=smoothing%20algorithms" title=" smoothing algorithms"> smoothing algorithms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=dosimeter" title=" dosimeter"> dosimeter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=dose%20calculation." title=" dose calculation."> dose calculation.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012875/dynamic-fast-tracing-and-smoothing-technique-for-geiger-muller-dosimeter" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012875/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012875/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012875/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012875/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012875/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012875/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012875/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012875/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012875/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012875/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012875.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">467</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2962</span> Using SNAP and RADTRAD to Establish the Analysis Model for Maanshan PWR Plant</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20R.%20Wang">J. R. Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=H.%20C.%20Chen"> H. C. Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=C.%20Shih"> C. Shih</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20W.%20Chen"> S. W. Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20H.%20Yang"> J. H. Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Y.%20Chiang"> Y. Chiang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, we focus on the establishment of the analysis model for Maanshan PWR nuclear power plant (NPP) by using RADTRAD and SNAP codes with the FSAR, manuals, and other data. In order to evaluate the cumulative dose at the Exclusion Area Boundary (EAB) and Low Population Zone (LPZ) outer boundary, Maanshan NPP RADTRAD/SNAP model was used to perform the analysis of the DBA LOCA case. The analysis results of RADTRAD were similar to FSAR data. These analysis results were lower than the failure criteria of 10 CFR 100.11 (a total radiation dose to the whole body, 250 mSv; a total radiation dose to the thyroid from iodine exposure, 3000 mSv). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=RADionuclide" title="RADionuclide">RADionuclide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=transport" title=" transport"> transport</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=removal" title=" removal"> removal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=and%20dose%20estimation" title=" and dose estimation"> and dose estimation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=RADTRAD" title=" RADTRAD"> RADTRAD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=symbolic%20nuclear%20analysis%20package" title=" symbolic nuclear analysis package"> symbolic nuclear analysis package</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=SNAP" title=" SNAP"> SNAP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=dose" title=" dose"> dose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=PWR." title=" PWR."> PWR.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007688/using-snap-and-radtrad-to-establish-the-analysis-model-for-maanshan-pwr-plant" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007688/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007688/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007688/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007688/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007688/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007688/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007688/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007688/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007688/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007688/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007688.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1025</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2961</span> Effect of Gamma Irradiation on Structural and Optical Properties of ZnO/Mesoporous Silica Nanocomposite</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=K.%20Sowri%20Babu">K. Sowri Babu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=P.%20Srinath"> P. Srinath</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=N.%20Rajeswara%20Rao"> N. Rajeswara Rao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=K.%20Venugopal%20Reddy"> K. Venugopal Reddy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The effect of gamma ray irradiation on morphology and optical properties of ZnO/Mesoporous silica (MPS) nanocomposite was studied. The ZnO/MPS nanocomposite was irradiated with gamma rays of doses 30, 60, and 90 kGy and dose-rate of irradiation was 0.15 kGy/hour. Irradiated samples are characterized with FE-SEM, FT-IR, UV-vis, and Photoluminescence (PL) spectrometers. SEM pictures showed that morphology changed from spherical to flake like morphology. UV-vis analysis showed that the band gap increased with increase of gamma ray irradiation dose. This enhancement of the band gap is assigned to the depletion of oxygen vacancies with irradiation. The intensity of PL peak decreased gradually with increase of gamma ray irradiation dose. The decrease in PL intensity is attributed to the decrease of oxygen vacancies at the interface due to poor interface and improper passivation between ZnO/MPS.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=ZnO%20nanoparticles" title="ZnO nanoparticles">ZnO nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=photoluminescence" title=" photoluminescence"> photoluminescence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=porous%20silicon" title=" porous silicon"> porous silicon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=nanocomposites." title=" nanocomposites. "> nanocomposites. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007477/effect-of-gamma-irradiation-on-structural-and-optical-properties-of-znomesoporous-silica-nanocomposite" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007477/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007477/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007477/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007477/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007477/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007477/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007477/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007477/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007477/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007477/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007477.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1148</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2960</span> Design, Construction and Performance Evaluation of a HPGe Detector Shield</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Sharifi">M. Sharifi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Mirzaii"> M. Mirzaii</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=F.%20Bolourinovin"> F. Bolourinovin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=H.%20Yousefnia"> H. Yousefnia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Akbari"> M. Akbari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=K.%20Yousefi-Mojir"> K. Yousefi-Mojir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A multilayer passive shield composed of low-activity lead (Pb), copper (Cu), tin (Sn) and iron (Fe) was designed and manufactured for a coaxial HPGe detector placed at a surface laboratory for reducing background radiation and radiation dose to the personnel. The performance of the shield was evaluated and efficiency curves of the detector were plotted by using of various standard sources in different distances. Monte Carlo simulations and a set of TLD chips were used for dose estimation in two distances of 20 and 40 cm. The results show that the shield reduced background spectrum and the personnel dose more than 95%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=HPGe%20shield" title="HPGe shield">HPGe shield</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=background%20count" title=" background count"> background count</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=personnel%20dose" title=" personnel dose"> personnel dose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=efficiency%20curve." title=" efficiency curve."> efficiency curve.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002387/design-construction-and-performance-evaluation-of-a-hpge-detector-shield" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002387/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002387/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002387/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002387/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002387/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002387/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002387/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002387/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002387/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002387/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002387.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2938</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2959</span> The Risk Assessment of Cancer Risk during Normal Operation of Tehran Research Reactor Due to Radioactive Gas Emission</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=B.%20Salmasian">B. Salmasian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Rabiee"> A. Rabiee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=T.%20Yousefzadeh"> T. Yousefzadeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In this research, the risk assessment of radiation hazard for the Research Nuclear Reactor has been studied. In the current study, the MCNPx computational code has been used and coupled with a developed program using MATLAB software to evaluate Total Effective Dose Equivalent (TEDE) and cancer risk according to the BEIR equations for various human organs. In this study, the risk assessment of cancer has been calculated for ten years after exposure, in each of body organs of different ages and sexes. Also, the risk assessment of cancer has been calculated in each of body organs of different ages and sexes due to exposure after the retirement of the reactor staff. According to obtained results, a conservative whole-body dose rate, during a year, is 0.261 Sv and the probability the cancer risk for women is more than men and for children is more than adults. It has been shown that thyroid cancer was more possible than others.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=MCNPx%20code" title="MCNPx code">MCNPx code</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=BEIR%20equation" title=" BEIR equation"> BEIR equation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=equivalent%20dose" title=" equivalent dose"> equivalent dose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=risk%20analysis." title=" risk analysis. "> risk analysis. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010454/the-risk-assessment-of-cancer-risk-during-normal-operation-of-tehran-research-reactor-due-to-radioactive-gas-emission" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010454/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010454/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010454/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010454/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010454/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010454/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010454/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010454/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010454/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010454/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010454.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">727</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2958</span> Radon Concentration in the Water Samples of Hassan District, Karnataka, India</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=T.%20S.%20Shashikumar">T. S. Shashikumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Radon is a radioactive gas emitted from radium, a daughter product of uranium that occurs naturally in rocks and soil. Radon, together with its decay products, emits alpha particles that can damage lung tissue. The activity concentration of <sup>222</sup>Ra has been analyzed in water samples collected from borewells and rivers in and around Hassan city, Karnataka State, India. The measurements were performed by Emanometry technique. The concentration of <sup>222</sup>Rn in borewell waters varies from 18.49±1.89 to 397.26±12.3 Bql<sup>-1</sup> with geometric mean 120.48±12.87 Bql<sup>-1</sup> and in river waters it varies from 92.63±9.31 to 93.98±9.51 Bql<sup>-1</sup> with geometric mean of 93.16±9.33 Bql<sup>-1</sup>. In the present study, the radon concentrations are higher in Adarshanagar and Viveka Nagar which are found to be 397.26±12.3 Bql<sup>-1</sup> and 325.78±32.56 Bql<sup>-1</sup>. Most of the analysed samples show a <sup>222</sup>Rn concentration more than 100 Bql<sup>-1</sup> and this can be attributed to the geology of the area where the ground waters are located, which is predominantly of granitic characteristic. The average inhalation dose and ingestion dose in the borewell water are found to be 0.405 and 0.033 µSvy<sup>-1</sup>; and in river water it is found to be 0.234 and 0.019 µSvy<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The average total effective dose rate in borewell waters and river waters are found to be 0.433 and 0.253 µSvy<sup>-1</sup>, which does not cause any health risk to the population of Hassan region.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Borewell" title="Borewell">Borewell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=effective%20dose" title=" effective dose"> effective dose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=emanometry" title=" emanometry"> emanometry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=222Rn." title=" 222Rn."> 222Rn.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005198/radon-concentration-in-the-water-samples-of-hassan-district-karnataka-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005198/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005198/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005198/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005198/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005198/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005198/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005198/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005198/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005198/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005198/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005198.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1505</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2957</span> Evaluating the Radiation Dose Involved in Interventional Radiology Procedures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Kholood%20Baron">Kholood Baron</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Radiologic interventional studies use fluoroscopy imaging guidance to perform both diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. These could result in high radiation doses being delivered to the patients and also to the radiology team. This is due to the prolonged fluoroscopy time and the large number of images taken, even when dose-minimizing techniques and modern fluoroscopic tools are applied. Hence, these procedures are part of the everyday routine of interventional radiology doctors, assistant nurses, and radiographers. Thus, it is important to estimate the radiation exposure dose they received in order to give objective advice and reduce both patient and radiology team radiation exposure dose. The aim of this study was to find out the total radiation dose reaching the radiologist and the patient during an interventional procedure, and to determine the impact of certain parameters on the patient dose. The radiation dose was measured by TLD devices (Thermoluminescent Dosimeter; radiation dosimeter device). Physicians, patients, nurses, and radiographers wore TLDs during 12 interventional radiology procedures performed in two hospitals, Mubarak and Chest Hospital. This study highlights the need for interventional radiologists to be mindful of the radiation doses received by both patients and medical staff during interventional radiology procedures. The findings emphasize the impact of factors such as fluoroscopy duration and the number of images taken on the patient dose. By raising awareness and providing insights into optimizing techniques and protective measures, this research contributes to the overall goal of reducing radiation doses and ensuring the safety of patients and medical staff.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dosimetry" title="Dosimetry">Dosimetry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=radiation%20dose" title=" radiation dose"> radiation dose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=interventional%20radiology%20procedures" title=" interventional radiology procedures"> interventional radiology procedures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=patient%20radiation%20dose." title=" patient radiation dose."> patient radiation dose.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013718/evaluating-the-radiation-dose-involved-in-interventional-radiology-procedures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013718/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013718/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013718/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013718/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013718/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013718/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013718/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013718/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013718/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013718/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013718.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">85</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2956</span> Development of EPID-based Real time Dose Verification for Dynamic IMRT</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Todsaporn%20Fuangrod">Todsaporn Fuangrod</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Daryl%20J.%20O%27Connor"> Daryl J. O'Connor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Boyd%20MC%20McCurdy"> Boyd MC McCurdy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Peter%20B.%20Greer"> Peter B. Greer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An electronic portal image device (EPID) has become a method of patient-specific IMRT dose verification for radiotherapy. Research studies have focused on pre and post-treatment verification, however, there are currently no interventional procedures using EPID dosimetry that measure the dose in real time as a mechanism to ensure that overdoses do not occur and underdoses are detected as soon as is practically possible. As a result, an EPID-based real time dose verification system for dynamic IMRT was developed and was implemented with MATLAB/Simulink. The EPID image acquisition was set to continuous acquisition mode at 1.4 images per second. The system defined the time constraint gap, or execution gap at the image acquisition time, so that every calculation must be completed before the next image capture is completed. In addition, the <=-evaluation method was used for dose comparison, with two types of comparison processes; individual image and cumulative dose comparison monitored. The outputs of the system are the <=-map, the percent of <=<1, and mean-<= versus time, all in real time. Two strategies were used to test the system, including an error detection test and a clinical data test. The system can monitor the actual dose delivery compared with the treatment plan data or previous treatment dose delivery that means a radiation therapist is able to switch off the machine when the error is detected. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=real-time%20dose%20verification" title="real-time dose verification">real-time dose verification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=EPID%20dosimetry" title=" EPID dosimetry"> EPID dosimetry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=simulation" title=" simulation"> simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=dynamic%20IMRT" title=" dynamic IMRT"> dynamic IMRT</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1565/development-of-epid-based-real-time-dose-verification-for-dynamic-imrt" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1565/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1565/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1565/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1565/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1565/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1565/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1565/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1565/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1565/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1565/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1565.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2188</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2955</span> Evolution of Cord Absorbed Dose during of Larynx Cancer Radiotherapy, with 3D Treatment Planning and Tissue Equivalent Phantom</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mohammad%20Hassan%20Heidari">Mohammad Hassan Heidari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Amir%20Hossein%20Goodarzi"> Amir Hossein Goodarzi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Majid%20Azarniush"> Majid Azarniush</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Radiation doses to tissues and organs were measured using the anthropomorphic phantom as an equivalent to the human body. When high-energy X-rays are externally applied to treat laryngeal cancer, the absorbed dose at the laryngeal lumen is lower than given dose because of air space, which it should pass through, before reaching the lesion. Specially, in case of high-energy X-rays, the loss of dose is considerable. Three-dimensional absorbed dose distributions have been computed for high-energy photon radiation therapy of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers, using a coaxial pair of opposing lateral beams in fixed positions. Treatment plans obtained under various conditions of irradiation.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=3D%20Treatment%20Planning" title="3D Treatment Planning">3D Treatment Planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=anthropomorphic%20phantom" title=" anthropomorphic phantom"> anthropomorphic phantom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=larynx%20cancer" title=" larynx cancer"> larynx cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=radiotherapy." title=" radiotherapy. "> radiotherapy. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996861/evolution-of-cord-absorbed-dose-during-of-larynx-cancer-radiotherapy-with-3d-treatment-planning-and-tissue-equivalent-phantom" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996861/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996861/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996861/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996861/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996861/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996861/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996861/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996861/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996861/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996861/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996861.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2040</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2954</span> A Study of Dose Distribution and Image Quality under an Automatic Tube Current Modulation (ATCM) System for a Toshiba Aquilion 64 CT Scanner Using a New Design of Phantom</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Sookpeng">S. Sookpeng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=C.%20J.%20Martin"> C. J. Martin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=D.%20J.%20Gentle"> D. J. Gentle</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Automatic tube current modulation (ATCM) systems are available for all CT manufacturers and are used for the majority of patients. Understanding how the systems work and their influence on patient dose and image quality is important for CT users, in order to gain the most effective use of the systems. In the present study, a new phantom was used for evaluating dose distribution and image quality under the ATCM operation for the Toshiba Aquilion 64 CT scanner using different ATCM options and a fixed mAs technique. A routine chest, abdomen and pelvis (CAP) protocol was selected for study and Gafchromic film was used to measure entrance surface dose (ESD), peripheral dose and central axis dose in the phantom. The results show the dose reductions achievable with various ATCM options, in relation with the target noise. The doses and image noise distribution were more uniform when the ATCM system was implemented compared with the fixed mAs technique. The lower limit set for the tube current will affect the modulations especially for the lower dose option. This limit prevented the tube current being reduced further and therefore the lower dose ATCM setting resembled a fixed mAs technique. Selection of a lower tube current limit is likely to reduce doses for smaller patients in scans of chest and neck regions.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Computed%20Tomography%20%28CT%29" title="Computed Tomography (CT)">Computed Tomography (CT)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Automatic%20Tube%0D%0ACurrent%20Modulation%20%28ATCM%29" title=" Automatic Tube Current Modulation (ATCM)"> Automatic Tube Current Modulation (ATCM)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Automatic%20Exposure%20Control%20%28AEC%29." title=" Automatic Exposure Control (AEC)."> Automatic Exposure Control (AEC).</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1695/a-study-of-dose-distribution-and-image-quality-under-an-automatic-tube-current-modulation-atcm-system-for-a-toshiba-aquilion-64-ct-scanner-using-a-new-design-of-phantom" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1695/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1695/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1695/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1695/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1695/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1695/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1695/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1695/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1695/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1695/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1695.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2623</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2953</span> Radiation Dose Distribution for Workers in South Korean Nuclear Power Plants</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=B.%20I.%20Lee">B. I. Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20I.%20Kim"> S. I. Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=D.%20H.%20Suh"> D. H. Suh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20I.%20Kim"> J. I. Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Y.%20K.%20Lim"> Y. K. Lim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>A total of 33,680 nuclear power plants (NPPs) workers were monitored and recorded from 1990 to 2007. According to the record, the average individual radiation dose has been decreasing continually from it 3.20 mSv/man in 1990 to 1.12 mSv/man at the end of 2007. After the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) 60 recommendation was generalized in South Korea, no nuclear power plant workers received above 20 mSv radiation, and the numbers of relatively highly exposed workers have been decreasing continuously. The age distribution of radiation workers in nuclear power plants was composed of mainly 20-30- year-olds (83%) for 1990 ~ 1994 and 30-40-year-olds (75%) for 2003 ~ 2007. The difference in individual average dose by age was not significant. Most (77%) of NPP radiation exposures from 1990 to 2007 occurred mostly during the refueling period. With regard to exposure type, the majority of exposures were external exposures, representing 95% of the total exposures, while internal exposures represented only 5%. External effective dose was affected mainly by gamma radiation exposure, with an insignificant amount of neutron exposure. As for internal effective dose, tritium (3H) in the pressurized heavy water reactor (PHWR) was the biggest cause of exposure.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dose%20distribution" title="Dose distribution">Dose distribution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=External%20exposure" title=" External exposure"> External exposure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nuclear%20powerplant" title=" Nuclear powerplant"> Nuclear powerplant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Occupational%20radiation%20dose" title=" Occupational radiation dose"> Occupational radiation dose</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1619/radiation-dose-distribution-for-workers-in-south-korean-nuclear-power-plants" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1619/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1619/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1619/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1619/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1619/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1619/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1619/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1619/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1619/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1619/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1619.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2567</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2952</span> Effective Dose and Size Specific Dose Estimation with and without Tube Current Modulation for Thoracic Computed Tomography Examinations: A Phantom Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Gharbi">S. Gharbi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Labidi"> S. Labidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Mars"> M. Mars</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Chelli"> M. Chelli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=F.%20Ladeb"> F. Ladeb</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The purpose of this study is to reduce radiation dose for chest CT examination by including Tube Current Modulation (TCM) to a standard CT protocol. A scan of an anthropomorphic male Alderson phantom was performed on a 128-slice scanner. The estimation of effective dose (ED) in both scans with and without mAs modulation was done via multiplication of Dose Length Product (DLP) to a conversion factor. Results were compared to those measured with a CT-Expo software. The size specific dose estimation (SSDE) values were obtained by multiplication of the volume CT dose index (CTDIvol) with a conversion size factor related to the phantom’s effective diameter. Objective assessment of image quality was performed with Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) measurements in phantom. SPSS software was used for data analysis. Results showed including CARE Dose 4D; ED was lowered by 48.35% and 51.51% using DLP and CT-expo, respectively. In addition, ED ranges between 7.01 mSv and 6.6 mSv in case of standard protocol, while it ranges between 3.62 mSv and 3.2 mSv with TCM. Similar results are found for SSDE; dose was higher without TCM of 16.25 mGy and was lower by 48.8% including TCM. The SNR values calculated were significantly different (p=0.03<0.05). The highest one is measured on images acquired with TCM and reconstructed with Filtered back projection (FBP). In conclusion, this study proves the potential of TCM technique in SSDE and ED reduction and in conserving image quality with high diagnostic reference level for thoracic CT examinations.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Anthropomorphic%20phantom" title="Anthropomorphic phantom">Anthropomorphic phantom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=computed%20tomography" title=" computed tomography"> computed tomography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=CT-expo" title=" CT-expo"> CT-expo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=radiation%20dose." title=" radiation dose."> radiation dose.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006438/effective-dose-and-size-specific-dose-estimation-with-and-without-tube-current-modulation-for-thoracic-computed-tomography-examinations-a-phantom-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006438/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006438/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006438/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006438/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006438/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006438/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006438/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006438/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006438/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006438/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006438.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1464</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2951</span> Iterative Image Reconstruction for Sparse-View Computed Tomography via Total Variation Regularization and Dictionary Learning</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=XianYu%20Zhao">XianYu Zhao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=JinXu%20Guo"> JinXu Guo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recently, low-dose computed tomography (CT) has become highly desirable due to increasing attention to the potential risks of excessive radiation. For low-dose CT imaging, ensuring image quality while reducing radiation dose is a major challenge. To facilitate low-dose CT imaging, we propose an improved statistical iterative reconstruction scheme based on the Penalized Weighted Least Squares (PWLS) standard combined with total variation (TV) minimization and sparse dictionary learning (DL) to improve reconstruction performance. We call this method "PWLS-TV-DL". In order to evaluate the PWLS-TV-DL method, we performed experiments on digital phantoms and physical phantoms, respectively. The experimental results show that our method is in image quality and calculation. The efficiency is superior to other methods, which confirms the potential of its low-dose CT imaging. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Low%20dose%20computed%20tomography" title="Low dose computed tomography">Low dose computed tomography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=penalized%20weighted%20least%20squares" title=" penalized weighted least squares"> penalized weighted least squares</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=total%20variation" title=" total variation"> total variation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=dictionary%20learning." title=" dictionary learning."> dictionary learning.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010269/iterative-image-reconstruction-for-sparse-view-computed-tomography-via-total-variation-regularization-and-dictionary-learning" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010269/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010269/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010269/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010269/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010269/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010269/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010269/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010269/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010269/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010269/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010269.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">834</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2950</span> Preliminary Dosimetric Evaluation of a New Therapeutic 177Lu Complex for Human Based on Biodistribution Data in Rats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=H.%20Yousefnia">H. Yousefnia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Zolghadri"> S. Zolghadri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Golabi%20Dezfuli"> A. Golabi Dezfuli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Abstract鈥擺Tris (1,10-phenanthroline) lanthanum(III)] trithiocyanate is a new compound that has shown high ability for stopping the synthesis of DNA and also acting as a photosensitizer. Nowadays, the radiation dose assessment resource (RADAR) method is known as the most common method for absorbed dose calculation. 177Lu was produced by (n, gamma) reaction in a research reactor. 177Lu-PL3 was prepared in the optimized condition. The radiochemical yield was checked by ITLC method. The biodistribution of the complex was investigated by intravenously injection to wild-type rats via their tail veins. In this study, the absorbed dose of 177Lu-PL3 to human organs was estimated by RADAR method. 177Lu was prepared with a specific activity of 2.6-3 GBq.mg-1 and radionuclide purity of 99.98 %. Final preparation of the radiolabelled complex showed high radiochemical purity of > 99%. The results show that liver and spleen have received the highest absorbed dose of 1.051 and 0.441 mSv/MBq, respectively. The absorbed dose values for these two dose-limiting tissues suggest more biological studies special in tumor-bearing animals. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Internal%20dosimetry" title="Internal dosimetry">Internal dosimetry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Lutetium-177" title=" Lutetium-177"> Lutetium-177</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=radar." title=" radar."> radar.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002781/preliminary-dosimetric-evaluation-of-a-new-therapeutic-177lu-complex-for-human-based-on-biodistribution-data-in-rats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002781/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002781/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002781/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002781/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002781/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002781/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002781/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002781/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002781/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002781/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002781.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2045</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2949</span> Estimating the Absorbed Dose to THYROID during Chest wall Radiotherapy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Seid%20Ali%20Asghar%20Terohid">Seid Ali Asghar Terohid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Vahid%20Fayaz"> Vahid Fayaz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Thyroid cancer-s overall contribution to the worldwide cancer burden is relatively small, but incidence rates have increased over the last three decades throughout the world. This trend has been hypothesised to reflect a combination of technological advances enabling increased detection, but also changes in environmental factors, including population exposure to ionising radiation from fallout, diagnostic tests and treatment for benign and malignant conditions. The Thyroid dose received apparently shielded by cerrobend blocks was about 8cGy in 100cGy Expose <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Absorbed%20Dose" title="Absorbed Dose">Absorbed Dose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Thyroid" title=" Thyroid"> Thyroid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Radiotherapy" title=" Radiotherapy"> Radiotherapy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3928/estimating-the-absorbed-dose-to-thyroid-during-chest-wall-radiotherapy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3928/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3928/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3928/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3928/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3928/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3928/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3928/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3928/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3928/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3928/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3928.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1702</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2948</span> Natural Radioactivity Measurements of Basalt Rocks in Sidakan District Northeastern of Kurdistan Region-Iraq</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ali%20A.%20Ahmed">Ali A. Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mohammed%20I.%20Hussein"> Mohammed I. Hussein</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The amounts of radioactivity in the igneous rocks have been investigated; samples were collected from the total of eight basalt rock types in the northeastern of Kurdistan region/Iraq. The activity concentration of 226Ra (238U) series, 228Ac (232Th) series, 40K and 137Cs were measured using Planar HPGe and NaI(Tl) detectors. Along the study area the radium equivalent activities Raeq in Bq/Kg of samples under investigation were found in the range of 22.16 to 77.31 Bq/Kg with an average value of 44.8 Bq/Kg, this value is much below the internationally accepted value of 370 Bq/Kg. To estimate the health effects of this natural radioactive composition, the average values of absorbed gamma dose rate D (55 nGyh-1), Indoor and outdoor annual effective dose rates Eied (0.11 mSvy-1) . and Eoed (0.03 mSvy-1), External hazard index Hex (0.138) and internal hazard index Hin(0.154), and representative level index I纬r (0.386) have been calculated and found to be lower than the worldwide average values. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Absorbed%20dose" title="Absorbed dose">Absorbed dose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=activity%20concentration" title=" activity concentration"> activity concentration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=igneousrocks" title=" igneousrocks"> igneousrocks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=HPGe" title=" HPGe"> HPGe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=NaI%28TI%29" title=" NaI(TI)"> NaI(TI)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Natural%20Radioactivity." title=" Natural Radioactivity."> Natural Radioactivity.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3947/natural-radioactivity-measurements-of-basalt-rocks-in-sidakan-district-northeastern-of-kurdistan-region-iraq" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3947/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3947/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3947/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3947/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3947/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3947/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3947/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3947/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3947/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3947/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3947.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2340</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2947</span> Human Absorbed Dose Estimation of a New IN-111 Imaging Agent Based on Rat Data</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=H.%20Yousefnia">H. Yousefnia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Zolghadri"> S. Zolghadri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The measurement of organ radiation exposure dose is one of the most important steps to be taken initially, for developing a new radiopharmaceutical. In this study, the dosimetric studies of a novel agent for SPECT-imaging of the bone metastasis, 111In- 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10 tetraethylene phosphonic acid (111In-DOTMP) complex, have been carried out to estimate the dose in human organs based on the data derived from rats. The radiolabeled complex was prepared with high radiochemical purity in the optimal conditions. Biodistribution studies of the complex was investigated in the male Syrian rats at selected times after injection (2, 4, 24 and 48 h). The human absorbed dose estimation of the complex was made based on data derived from the rats by the radiation absorbed dose assessment resource (RADAR) method. 111In-DOTMP complex was prepared with high radiochemical purity of >99% (ITLC). Total body effective absorbed dose for 111In- DOTMP was 0.061 mSv/MBq. This value is comparable to the other 111In clinically used complexes. The results show that the dose with respect to the critical organs is satisfactory within the acceptable range for diagnostic nuclear medicine procedures. Generally, 111In- DOTMP has interesting characteristics and can be considered as a viable agent for SPECT-imaging of the bone metastasis in the near future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=In-111" title="In-111">In-111</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=DOTMP" title=" DOTMP"> DOTMP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Internal%20Dosimetry" title=" Internal Dosimetry"> Internal Dosimetry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=RADAR." title=" RADAR."> RADAR.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002778/human-absorbed-dose-estimation-of-a-new-in-111-imaging-agent-based-on-rat-data" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002778/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002778/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002778/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002778/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002778/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002778/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002778/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002778/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002778/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002778/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002778.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1952</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2946</span> Estimation Model for Concrete Slump Recovery by Using Superplasticizer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Chaiyakrit%20Raoupatham">Chaiyakrit Raoupatham</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ram%20Hari%20Dhakal"> Ram Hari Dhakal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Chalermchai%20Wanichlamlert"> Chalermchai Wanichlamlert</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper aimed to introduce the solution of concrete slump recovery using chemical admixture type-F (superplasticizer, naphthalene base) to the practice in order to solve unusable concrete problem due to concrete loss its slump, especially for those tropical countries that have faster slump loss rate. In the other hand, randomly adding superplasticizer into concrete can cause concrete to segregate. Therefore, this paper also develops the estimation model used to calculate amount of second dose of superplasticizer need for concrete slump recovery. Fresh properties of ordinary Portland cement concrete with volumetric ratio of paste to void between aggregate (paste content) of 1.1-1.3 with water-cement ratio zone of 0.30 to 0.67 and initial superplasticizer (naphthalene base) of 0.25%-1.6% were tested for initial slump and slump loss for every 30 minutes for one and half hour by slump cone test. Those concretes with slump loss range from 10% to 90% were re-dosed and successfully recovered back to its initial slump. Slump after re-dosed was tested by slump cone test. From the result, it has been concluded that, slump loss was slower for those mix with high initial dose of superplasticizer due to addition of superplasticizer will disturb cement hydration. The required second dose of superplasticizer was affected by two major parameters, which were water-cement ratio and paste content, where lower water-cement ratio and paste content cause an increase in require second dose of superplasticizer. The amount of second dose of superplasticizer is higher as the solid content within the system is increase, solid can be either from cement particles or aggregate. The data was analyzed to form an equation use to estimate the amount of second dosage requirement of superplasticizer to recovery slump to its original. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Estimation%20model" title="Estimation model">Estimation model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=second%20superplasticizer%20dosage" title=" second superplasticizer dosage"> second superplasticizer dosage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=slump%20loss" title=" slump loss"> slump loss</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=slump%20recovery." title=" slump recovery."> slump recovery.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003133/estimation-model-for-concrete-slump-recovery-by-using-superplasticizer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003133/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003133/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003133/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003133/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003133/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003133/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003133/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003133/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003133/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003133/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003133.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1916</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2945</span> Estimated Human Absorbed Dose of 111In-BPAMD as a New Bone-Seeking SPECT-Imaging Agent</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=H.%20Yousefnia">H. Yousefnia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Zolghadri"> S. Zolghadri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An early diagnosis of bone metastasis is very important for making a right decision on a subsequent therapy. One of the most important steps to be taken initially, for developing a new radiopharmaceutical is the measurement of organ radiation exposure dose. In this study, the dosimetric studies of a novel agent for SPECT-imaging of the bone metastasis, 111In-(4- {[(bis(phosphonomethyl))carbamoyl]methyl}7,10bis(carboxymethyl) -1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododec-1-yl) acetic acid (111In-BPAMD) complex, have been carried out to estimate the dose in human organs based on the data derived from mice. The radiolabeled complex was prepared with high radiochemical purity in the optimal conditions. Biodistribution studies of the complex was investigated in the male Syrian mice at the selected times after injection (2, 4, 24 and 48 h). The human absorbed dose estimation of the complex was made based on data derived from the mice by the radiation absorbed dose assessment resource (RADAR) method. 111In-BPAMD complex was prepared with high radiochemical purity >95% (ITLC) and specific activities of 2.85 TBq/mmol. Total body effective absorbed dose for 111In-BPAMD was 0.205 mSv/MBq. This value is comparable to the other 111In clinically used complexes. The results show that the dose with respect to the critical organs is satisfactory within the acceptable range for diagnostic nuclear medicine procedures. Generally, 111In-BPAMD has interesting characteristics and it can be considered as a viable agent for SPECT-imaging of the bone metastasis in the near future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=In-111" title="In-111">In-111</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=BPAMD" title=" BPAMD"> BPAMD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=absorbed%20dose" title=" absorbed dose"> absorbed dose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=RADAR." title=" RADAR."> RADAR.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002821/estimated-human-absorbed-dose-of-111in-bpamd-as-a-new-bone-seeking-spect-imaging-agent" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002821/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002821/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002821/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002821/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002821/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002821/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002821/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002821/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002821/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002821/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002821.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2198</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2944</span> Characterization of Gamma Irradiated PVDF and PVDF/Graphene Oxide Composites by Spectroscopic Techniques</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Juliana%20V.%20Pereira">Juliana V. Pereira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Adriana%20S.%20M.%20Batista"> Adriana S. M. Batista</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jefferson%20P.%20Nascimento"> Jefferson P. Nascimento</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Clasc%C3%ADdia%20A.%20Furtado"> Clasc铆dia A. Furtado</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Luiz%20O.%20Faria"> Luiz O. Faria</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The combination of the properties of graphene oxide (OG) and PVDF homopolymer makes their combined composite materials as multifunctional systems with great potential. Knowledge of the molecular structure is essential for better use. In this work, the degradation of PVDF polymer exposed to gamma irradiation in oxygen atmosphere in high dose rate has been studied and compared to degradation of PVDF/OG composites. The samples were irradiated with a Co-60 source at constant dose rate, with doses ranging from 100 kGy to 1,000 kGy. In FTIR data shown that the formation of oxidation products was at the both samples with formation of carbonyl and hydroxyl groups amongst the most prevalent products in the pure PVDF samples. In the other hand, the composites samples exhibit less presence of degradation products with predominant formation of carbonyl groups, these results also seen in the UV-Vis analysis. The results show that the samples of composites may have greater resistance to the irradiation process, since they have less degradation products than pure PVDF samples seen by spectroscopic techniques. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Gamma%20irradiation" title="Gamma irradiation">Gamma irradiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=PVDF" title=" PVDF"> PVDF</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=PVDF%2FOG%20composites" title=" PVDF/OG composites"> PVDF/OG composites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=spectroscopic%20techniques." title=" spectroscopic techniques."> spectroscopic techniques.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003492/characterization-of-gamma-irradiated-pvdf-and-pvdfgraphene-oxide-composites-by-spectroscopic-techniques" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003492/apa" target="_blank" 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