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class="vector-menu-heading"> Pagine per utenti anonimi <a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Benvenuto" aria-label="Ulteriori informazioni sulla contribuzione"><span>ulteriori informazioni</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:MieiContributi" title="Un elenco delle modifiche fatte da questo indirizzo IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>contributi</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:MieDiscussioni" title="Discussioni sulle modifiche fatte da questo indirizzo IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>discussioni</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sito"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Indice" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Indice</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inizio</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Caratteristiche" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Caratteristiche"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Caratteristiche</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Caratteristiche-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Applicazioni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Applicazioni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Applicazioni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Applicazioni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Applicazioni_nucleari" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Applicazioni_nucleari"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Applicazioni nucleari</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Applicazioni_nucleari-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Storia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Storia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Storia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Storia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Disponibilità" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Disponibilità"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Disponibilità</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Disponibilità-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Isotopi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Isotopi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Isotopi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Isotopi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Attiva/disattiva la sottosezione Isotopi</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Isotopi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Isotopi_radioattivi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Isotopi_radioattivi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Isotopi radioattivi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Isotopi_radioattivi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Altri_isotopi_radioattivi_a_vita_molto_breve" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Altri_isotopi_radioattivi_a_vita_molto_breve"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1.1</span> <span>Altri isotopi radioattivi a vita molto breve</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Altri_isotopi_radioattivi_a_vita_molto_breve-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Precauzioni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Precauzioni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Precauzioni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Precauzioni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Effetti_sulla_salute" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Effetti_sulla_salute"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Effetti sulla salute</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Effetti_sulla_salute-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Note</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Bibliografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Altri_progetti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Altri_progetti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Altri progetti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Altri_progetti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Collegamenti_esterni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Collegamenti esterni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indice" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostra/Nascondi l'indice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostra/Nascondi l'indice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Berillio</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vai a una voce in un'altra lingua. Disponibile in 173 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-173" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">173 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berillium" title="Berillium - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Berillium" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%89%A4%E1%88%AA%E1%88%8A%E1%8B%A8%E1%88%9D" title="ቤሪሊየም - amarico" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ቤሪሊየም" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amarico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berilio" title="Berilio - aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Berilio" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="बेरिलियम - angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="बेरिलियम" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="voce di qualità"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85" title="بيريليوم - arabo" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بيريليوم" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85" title="بيريليوم - arabo marocchino" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="بيريليوم" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="arabo marocchino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85" title="بيريليوم - arabo egiziano" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بيريليوم" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabo egiziano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE" title="বেৰিলিয়াম - assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="বেৰিলিয়াম" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beriliu" title="Beriliu - asturiano" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Beriliu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="बेरिलियम - awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="बेरिलियम" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berillium" title="Berillium - azerbaigiano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Berillium" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaigiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%85" title="بریلیوم - South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="بریلیوم" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A9rilium" title="Bérilium - balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Bérilium" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berilyo" title="Berilyo - Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Berilyo" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9" title="Берылій - bielorusso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Берылій" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorusso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8C_(%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82)" title="Бэрыль (элемэнт) - Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Бэрыль (элемэнт)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Берилий - bulgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Берилий" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="बेरिलियम - Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="बेरिलियम" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%98%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9A%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA" title="ဘယ်ရီလီယမ် - Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="ဘယ်ရီလီယမ်" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE" title="বেরিলিয়াম - bengalese" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বেরিলিয়াম" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%BA%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A3%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%98%E0%BC%8D" title="བེ་རི་ལིམ། - tibetano" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="བེ་རི་ལིམ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibetano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beriliom" title="Beriliom - bretone" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Beriliom" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berilij" title="Berilij - bosniaco" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Berilij" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beril%C2%B7li" title="Beril·li - catalano" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Beril·li" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%AC_(g%C4%ADng-s%E1%B9%B3%CC%86k)" title="Pì (gĭng-sṳ̆k) - Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Pì (gĭng-sṳ̆k)" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berilio" title="Berilio - cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Berilio" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8F%87%E1%8E%B5%E1%8E%B5%E1%8E%A5%E1%8E%BB" title="ᏇᎵᎵᎥᎻ - cherokee" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᏇᎵᎵᎥᎻ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="cherokee" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8E%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%DB%86%D9%85" title="بێریلیۆم - curdo centrale" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="بێریلیۆم" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="curdo centrale" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berilliu" title="Berilliu - corso" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Berilliu" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="corso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beryllium" title="Beryllium - ceco" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Beryllium" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ceco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Бериллий - ciuvascio" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Бериллий" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="ciuvascio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beriliwm" title="Beriliwm - gallese" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Beriliwm" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gallese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="voce consigliata"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beryllium" title="Beryllium - danese" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Beryllium" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="voce di qualità"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beryllium" title="Beryllium - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Beryllium" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%B7%CF%81%CF%8D%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BF" title="Βηρύλλιο - greco" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βηρύλλιο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ber%C3%ACli" title="Berìli - Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Berìli" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="voce di qualità"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beryllium" title="Beryllium - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Beryllium" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berilio" title="Berilio - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Berilio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berilio" title="Berilio - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Berilio" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ber%C3%BCllium" title="Berüllium - estone" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Berüllium" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berilio" title="Berilio - basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Berilio" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%85" title="بریلیم - persiano" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بریلیم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="voce consigliata"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beryllium" title="Beryllium - finlandese" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Beryllium" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beryllium" title="Beryllium - faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Beryllium" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A9ryllium" title="Béryllium - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Béryllium" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beryllium" title="Beryllium - frisone settentrionale" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Beryllium" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frisone settentrionale" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berili" title="Berili - friulano" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Berili" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="friulano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beryllium" title="Beryllium - frisone occidentale" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Beryllium" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frisone occidentale" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beirilliam" title="Beirilliam - irlandese" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Beirilliam" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%88%B9" title="鈹 - gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="鈹" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beirilium" title="Beirilium - gaelico scozzese" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Beirilium" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="gaelico scozzese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berilio" title="Berilio - galiziano" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Berilio" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiziano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AC%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B2%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%AE" title="બેરિલિયમ - gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="બેરિલિયમ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beryllium" title="Beryllium - mannese" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Beryllium" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="mannese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beryllium" title="Beryllium - hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Beryllium" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beryllium" title="Beryllium - hawaiano" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Beryllium" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="hawaiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9D" title="בריליום - ebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="בריליום" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="बेरिलियम - hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="बेरिलियम" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beryllium" title="Beryllium - hindi figiano" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Beryllium" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="hindi figiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berilij" title="Berilij - croato" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Berilij" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berylium" title="Berylium - alto sorabo" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Berylium" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="alto sorabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berily%C3%B2m" title="Berilyòm - creolo haitiano" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Berilyòm" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="creolo haitiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berillium" title="Berillium - ungherese" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Berillium" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungherese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4" title="Բերիլիում - armeno" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Բերիլիում" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beryllium" title="Beryllium - interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Beryllium" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berilium" title="Berilium - indonesiano" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Berilium" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berilio" title="Berilio - ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Berilio" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beryll%C3%ADn" title="Beryllín - islandese" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Beryllín" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="voce in vetrina"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%99%E3%83%AA%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A6%E3%83%A0" title="ベリリウム - giapponese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ベリリウム" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="giapponese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/jinmrberilo" title="jinmrberilo - lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="jinmrberilo" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A8riliyum" title="Bèriliyum - giavanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Bèriliyum" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="giavanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="ბერილიუმი - georgiano" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ბერილიუმი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C9%9Br%C9%A9l%C9%A9y%C9%94m" title="Bɛrɩlɩyɔm - Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Bɛrɩlɩyɔm" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beryllium" title="Beryllium - kikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Beryllium" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="kikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Бериллий - kazako" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Бериллий" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazako" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AC%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D" title="ಬೆರಿಲಿಯಮ್ - kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಬೆರಿಲಿಯಮ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B2%A0%EB%A6%B4%EB%A5%A8" title="베릴륨 - coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="베릴륨" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ber%C3%AEly%C3%BBm" title="Berîlyûm - curdo" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Berîlyûm" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="curdo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Бериллий - komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Бериллий" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berylliom" title="Berylliom - cornico" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Berylliom" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="cornico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Бериллий - kirghiso" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Бериллий" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirghiso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beryllium" title="Beryllium - latino" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Beryllium" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beryllium" title="Beryllium - lussemburghese" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Beryllium" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="lussemburghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beryl" title="Beryl - limburghese" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Beryl" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berillio" title="Berillio - ligure" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Berillio" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="ligure" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berilie" title="Berilie - Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Berilie" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berilio" title="Berilio - lombardo" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Berilio" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belilu" title="Belilu - lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Belilu" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berilis" title="Berilis - lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Berilis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berilijs" title="Berilijs - lettone" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Berilijs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Берилли - moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Берилли" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konuuku" title="Konuuku - maori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Konuuku" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="maori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Берилиум - macedone" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Берилиум" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82" title="ബെറിലിയം - malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ബെറിലിയം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Берилли - mongolo" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Берилли" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%95%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%94%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%9D" title="ꯕꯦꯔꯤꯂꯤꯌꯝ - manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯕꯦꯔꯤꯂꯤꯌꯝ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="बेरिलियम - marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="बेरिलियम" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Бериллий - mari occidentale" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Бериллий" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="mari occidentale" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berilium" title="Berilium - malese" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Berilium" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%98%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9A%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA" title="ဘယ်ရီလီယမ် - birmano" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဘယ်ရီလီယမ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iztactlaltepoztli" title="Iztactlaltepoztli - Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Iztactlaltepoztli" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beryllium" title="Beryllium - basso tedesco" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Beryllium" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="basso tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="बेरिलियम - nepalese" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="बेरिलियम" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="बेरिलियम - newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="बेरिलियम" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beryllium" title="Beryllium - olandese" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Beryllium" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beryllium" title="Beryllium - norvegese nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Beryllium" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegese nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beryllium" title="Beryllium - norvegese bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Beryllium" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegese bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berilli" title="Berilli - occitano" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Berilli" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berillium" title="Berillium - Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Berillium" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biriiliyeemii" title="Biriiliyeemii - oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Biriiliyeemii" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%AC%E0%AD%87%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%B2%E0%AC%BF%E0%AD%9F%E0%AC%AE" title="ବେରିଲିୟମ - odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ବେରିଲିୟମ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Бериллий - ossetico" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Бериллий" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ossetico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%AE" title="ਬੇਰਿਲੀਅਮ - punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਬੇਰਿਲੀਅਮ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beryllio" title="Beryllio - papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Beryllio" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="बेरिलियम - pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="बेरिलियम" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beryl_(pierwiastek)" title="Beryl (pierwiastek) - polacco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Beryl (pierwiastek)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berili" title="Berili - piemontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Berili" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piemontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%85" title="بیریلیم - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="بیریلیم" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1%DB%90%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85" title="بيرېليوم - pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="بيرېليوم" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ber%C3%ADlio" title="Berílio - portoghese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Berílio" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portoghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pirilyu" title="Pirilyu - quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Pirilyu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beriliu" title="Beriliu - rumeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Beriliu" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beriliu" title="Beriliu - arumeno" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Beriliu" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="arumeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Бериллий - russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Бериллий" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9" title="Берилій - ruteno" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Берилій" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="ruteno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D" title="बेरिलियम् - sanscrito" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="बेरिलियम्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanscrito" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Бериллиум - sacha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Бериллиум" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="sacha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%B5%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%9E%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%AD%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%A2" title="ᱵᱮᱨᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱢ - santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱵᱮᱨᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱢ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ber%C3%AClliu" title="Berìlliu - sardo" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Berìlliu" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bir%C3%AClliu" title="Birìlliu - siciliano" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Birìlliu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siciliano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beryllium" title="Beryllium - scozzese" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Beryllium" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="scozzese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A6%D9%85" title="بيريليئم - sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="بيريليئم" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berilijum" title="Berilijum - serbo-croato" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Berilijum" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abirilyum" title="Abirilyum - tashelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Abirilyum" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="tashelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B6%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A" title="බෙරිලියම් - singalese" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="බෙරිලියම්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beryllium" title="Beryllium - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Beryllium" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ber%C3%BDlium" title="Berýlium - slovacco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Berýlium" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berilij" title="Berilij - sloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Berilij" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beryllium" title="Beryllium - shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Beryllium" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beriiliyaam" title="Beriiliyaam - somalo" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Beriiliyaam" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beriliumi" title="Beriliumi - albanese" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Beriliumi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Берилијум - serbo" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Берилијум" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beryllium" title="Beryllium - saterfriesisch" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Beryllium" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="saterfriesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A9rilium" title="Bérilium - sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Bérilium" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beryllium" title="Beryllium - svedese" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Beryllium" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svedese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berili" title="Berili - swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Berili" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="பெரிலியம் - tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பெரிலியம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AC%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%82" title="బెరీలియం - telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="బెరీలియం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Бериллий - tagico" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Бериллий" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tagico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A1" title="เบริลเลียม - thailandese" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เบริลเลียม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berilyo" title="Berilyo - tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Berilyo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berilyum" title="Berilyum - turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Berilyum" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Бериллий - tataro" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Бериллий" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tataro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%89%D9%84%D9%84%D9%89%D9%8A" title="بېرىللىي - uiguro" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="بېرىللىي" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uiguro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9" title="Берилій - ucraino" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Берилій" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%85" title="بیریلیم - urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="بیریلیم" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berilliy" title="Berilliy - uzbeco" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Berilliy" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berillii" title="Berillii - vepso" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Berillii" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="vepso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beryli" title="Beryli - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Beryli" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berilin" title="Berilin - volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Berilin" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beriliom" title="Beriliom - vallone" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Beriliom" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="vallone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berilyo" title="Berilyo - waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Berilyo" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%93%8D" title="铍 - wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="铍" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D2%AF%D1%80" title="Белүр - kalmyk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Белүр" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="kalmyk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beryllium" title="Beryllium - xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Beryllium" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9D" title="בעריליום - yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="בעריליום" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%E1%BA%B9%CC%81r%C3%ADl%C3%AD%E1%BB%8D%CC%80m%C3%B9" title="Bẹ́rílíọ̀mù - yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Bẹ́rílíọ̀mù" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B4%B0%E2%B4%B1%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%94%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%8D%E2%B5%A2%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%8E" title="ⴰⴱⵉⵔⵉⵍⵢⵓⵎ - tamazight del Marocco standard" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⴰⴱⵉⵔⵉⵍⵢⵓⵎ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="tamazight del Marocco standard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%93%8D" title="铍 - cinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="铍" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="cinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%88%B9" title="鈹 - cinese classico" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="鈹" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="cinese classico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beryllium" title="Beryllium - min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Beryllium" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%88%B9" title="鈹 - cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="鈹" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBehlezani" title="IBehlezani - zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="IBehlezani" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q569#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica collegamenti interlinguistici" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica collegamenti</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespace"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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lang="it" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox sinottico" summary="Tabella sinottica che riassume i principali dati del soggetto" style="width: 300px;"><tbody><tr class="sinottico_testata"><th colspan="2" style="background:#FFDEAD;">Berillio</th></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2"> <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1" align="center" style="border-collapse:separate;width:248px;background-color:transparent;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #a0ffa0;"><a href="/wiki/Idrogeno" title="Idrogeno"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="border:none;width:7px;padding:0;background-color:transparent;"> </td> <td colspan="14" rowspan="5" style="border:none;padding:0;background-color:transparent;">  </td> <td rowspan="3" style="border:none;width:7px;padding:0;background-color:transparent;"> </td> <td colspan="9" rowspan="3" style="border:none;text-align:center;padding:0;background-color:transparent;"> <table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="background-color:transparent;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="font-size:10pt;border:none;padding:0;line-height:1em;background-color:transparent;"><br />4</td> <td style="font-size:16pt;border:none;padding:0;line-height:1em;background-color:transparent;"><b>Be</b></td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td colspan="5" style="border:none;padding:0;background-color:transparent;"> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #c0ffff;"><a href="/wiki/Elio" title="Elio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ff6666;"><a href="/wiki/Litio" title="Litio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ffdead;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><span style="float: left; width: 7px; height: 10px; font-size: 7px; line-height: 7px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer; border: 1px solid black"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #cccc99;"><a href="/wiki/Boro" title="Boro"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #a0ffa0;"><a href="/wiki/Carbonio" title="Carbonio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #a0ffa0;"><a href="/wiki/Azoto" title="Azoto"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #a0ffa0;"><a href="/wiki/Ossigeno" title="Ossigeno"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ffff99;"><a href="/wiki/Fluoro" title="Fluoro"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #c0ffff;"><a href="/wiki/Neon" title="Neon"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: 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height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ffbfff;"><a href="/wiki/Promezio" title="Promezio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ffbfff;"><a href="/wiki/Samario" title="Samario"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ffbfff;"><a href="/wiki/Europio" title="Europio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ffbfff;"><a href="/wiki/Gadolinio" title="Gadolinio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ffbfff;"><a href="/wiki/Terbio" title="Terbio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ffbfff;"><a href="/wiki/Disprosio" title="Disprosio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ffbfff;"><a href="/wiki/Olmio" title="Olmio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ffbfff;"><a href="/wiki/Erbio" title="Erbio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ffbfff;"><a href="/wiki/Tulio" title="Tulio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ffbfff;"><a href="/wiki/Itterbio" title="Itterbio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ffbfff;"><a href="/wiki/Lutezio" title="Lutezio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Afnio" title="Afnio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Tantalio" title="Tantalio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Tungsteno" title="Tungsteno"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Renio" title="Renio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Osmio" title="Osmio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Iridio" title="Iridio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Platino" title="Platino"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Oro" title="Oro"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Mercurio_(elemento_chimico)" title="Mercurio (elemento chimico)"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #cccccc;"><a href="/wiki/Tallio" title="Tallio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #cccccc;"><a href="/wiki/Piombo" title="Piombo"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #cccccc;"><a href="/wiki/Bismuto" title="Bismuto"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #cccc99;"><a href="/wiki/Polonio" title="Polonio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ffff99;"><a href="/wiki/Astato" title="Astato"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #c0ffff;"><a href="/wiki/Radon" title="Radon"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ff6666;"><a href="/wiki/Francio" title="Francio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ffdead;"><a href="/wiki/Radio_(elemento_chimico)" title="Radio (elemento chimico)"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ff99cc;"><a href="/wiki/Attinio" title="Attinio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ff99cc;"><a href="/wiki/Torio" title="Torio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ff99cc;"><a href="/wiki/Protoattinio" title="Protoattinio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ff99cc;"><a href="/wiki/Uranio" title="Uranio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ff99cc;"><a href="/wiki/Nettunio" title="Nettunio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ff99cc;"><a href="/wiki/Plutonio" title="Plutonio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ff99cc;"><a href="/wiki/Americio" title="Americio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ff99cc;"><a href="/wiki/Curio" title="Curio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ff99cc;"><a href="/wiki/Berkelio" title="Berkelio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ff99cc;"><a href="/wiki/Californio" title="Californio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ff99cc;"><a href="/wiki/Einsteinio" title="Einsteinio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ff99cc;"><a href="/wiki/Fermio" title="Fermio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ff99cc;"><a href="/wiki/Mendelevio" title="Mendelevio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ff99cc;"><a href="/wiki/Nobelio" title="Nobelio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ff99cc;"><a href="/wiki/Laurenzio" title="Laurenzio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Rutherfordio" title="Rutherfordio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Dubnio" title="Dubnio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Seaborgio" title="Seaborgio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Bohrio" title="Bohrio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Hassio" title="Hassio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Meitnerio" title="Meitnerio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Darmstadtio" title="Darmstadtio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Roentgenio" title="Roentgenio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Copernicio" title="Copernicio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #e0e0e0;"><a href="/wiki/Nihonio" title="Nihonio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #e0e0e0;"><a href="/wiki/Flerovio" title="Flerovio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #e0e0e0;"><a href="/wiki/Moscovio" title="Moscovio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #e0e0e0;"><a href="/wiki/Livermorio" title="Livermorio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #fcfecc;"><a href="/wiki/Tennesso" title="Tennesso"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #e8ffff;"><a href="/wiki/Oganesson" title="Oganesson"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ff9999;"><a href="/wiki/Ununennio" title="Ununennio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td> <td style="padding: 0; width: 9px; height: 12px; border: none; background-color: #ffeedd;"><a href="/wiki/Unbinilio" title="Unbinilio"><span style="float: left; width: 9px; height: 12px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;"> </span></a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/Litio" title="Litio">litio</a> ← berillio → <a href="/wiki/Boro" title="Boro">boro</a> </p> </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background:#FFDEAD;">Aspetto</th></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2"><div class="center"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Be-140g.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Aspetto dell'elemento"><img alt="Aspetto dell'elemento" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Be-140g.jpg/200px-Be-140g.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Be-140g.jpg/300px-Be-140g.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Be-140g.jpg/400px-Be-140g.jpg 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="900" /></a><figcaption>Aspetto dell'elemento</figcaption></figure></div> </td></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2"><div class="center"><b><a href="/wiki/Linea_spettrale" title="Linea spettrale">Linea spettrale</a></b><br /><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Beryllium_spectrum_visible.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Linea spettrale dell'elemento"><img alt="Linea spettrale dell'elemento" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Beryllium_spectrum_visible.png/200px-Beryllium_spectrum_visible.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Beryllium_spectrum_visible.png/300px-Beryllium_spectrum_visible.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Beryllium_spectrum_visible.png/400px-Beryllium_spectrum_visible.png 2x" data-file-width="7430" data-file-height="1280" /></a><figcaption>Linea spettrale dell'elemento</figcaption></figure></div> </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background:#FFDEAD;">Generalità</th></tr><tr><th>Nome, simbolo, numero atomico</th><td>berillio, Be, 4 </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Serie_chimica" title="Serie chimica">Serie</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Metalli_alcalino_terrosi" title="Metalli alcalino terrosi">metalli alcalino terrosi</a> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Gruppo_della_tavola_periodica" title="Gruppo della tavola periodica">Gruppo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Periodo_della_tavola_periodica" title="Periodo della tavola periodica">periodo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Blocco_della_tavola_periodica" title="Blocco della tavola periodica">blocco</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Metalli_alcalino_terrosi" title="Metalli alcalino terrosi">2 (IIA)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elementi_del_periodo_2" title="Elementi del periodo 2">2</a>, s </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Densit%C3%A0" title="Densità">Densità</a></th><td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003184800000000000♠"></span>1<span style="margin-left:.25em;">848</span> <a href="/wiki/Densit%C3%A0" title="Densità">kg/m³</a></span> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Scala_di_Mohs" title="Scala di Mohs">Durezza</a></th><td>5,5 </td></tr><tr><th>Configurazione elettronica</th><td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Elektronskal_4.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Configurazione elettronica"><img alt="Configurazione elettronica" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Elektronskal_4.svg/125px-Elektronskal_4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Elektronskal_4.svg/188px-Elektronskal_4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Elektronskal_4.svg/250px-Elektronskal_4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption>Configurazione elettronica</figcaption></figure> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Termine_spettroscopico" title="Termine spettroscopico">Termine spettroscopico</a></th><td><sup>1</sup>S<sub>0</sub> </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background:#FFDEAD;">Proprietà atomiche</th></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Peso_atomico" class="mw-redirect" title="Peso atomico">Peso atomico</a></th><td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7000901218000000000♠"></span>9,01218 <a href="/wiki/Unit%C3%A0_di_massa_atomica" title="Unità di massa atomica">u</a></span> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Raggio_atomico" title="Raggio atomico">Raggio atomico</a> (calc.)</th><td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="6990112000000000000♠"></span>112 <a href="/wiki/Metro" title="Metro">pm</a></span> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Raggio_covalente" title="Raggio covalente">Raggio covalente</a></th><td>90 pm </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Raggio_di_van_der_Waals" title="Raggio di van der Waals">Raggio di van der Waals</a></th><td>sconosciuto </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Configurazione_elettronica" title="Configurazione elettronica">Configurazione elettronica</a></th><td>[<a href="/wiki/Elio" title="Elio">He</a>]2s<sup>2</sup> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Elettrone" title="Elettrone">e<sup>−</sup></a> per <a href="/wiki/Livello_energetico" title="Livello energetico">livello energetico</a></th><td>2, 2 </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Stato_di_ossidazione" title="Stato di ossidazione">Stati di ossidazione</a></th><td>2 (<a href="/wiki/Anfotero" title="Anfotero">anfotero</a>) </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Cristallo" title="Cristallo">Struttura cristallina</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Sistema_esagonale" title="Sistema esagonale">esagonale</a> </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background:#FFDEAD;">Proprietà fisiche</th></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Stato_della_materia" title="Stato della materia">Stato della materia</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Solido" title="Solido">solido</a> (<a href="/wiki/Diamagnetismo" title="Diamagnetismo">diamagnetico</a>) </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Punto_di_fusione" title="Punto di fusione">Punto di fusione</a></th><td>1 551,15 <a href="/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin">K</a> (1 278,00 <a href="/wiki/Grado_Celsius" title="Grado Celsius">°C</a>) </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Punto_di_ebollizione" title="Punto di ebollizione">Punto di ebollizione</a></th><td>3 243,15 K (2 970,00 °C) </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Volume_molare" title="Volume molare">Volume molare</a></th><td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="6994484999999999999♠"></span>4,85<span style="margin-left:0.25em;margin-right:0.15em;">×</span>10<sup>−6</sup> <a href="/wiki/Metro_cubo" title="Metro cubo">m³</a>/<a href="/wiki/Mole" title="Mole">mol</a></span> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Entalpia_di_vaporizzazione" title="Entalpia di vaporizzazione">Entalpia di vaporizzazione</a></th><td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7005292400000000000♠"></span>292,4 <a href="/wiki/Joule_per_mole" title="Joule per mole">kJ/mol</a></span> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Calore_di_fusione" class="mw-redirect" title="Calore di fusione">Calore di fusione</a></th><td>12,2 kJ/mol </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Tensione_di_vapore" class="mw-redirect" title="Tensione di vapore">Tensione di vapore</a></th><td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003418000000000000♠"></span>4<span style="margin-left:.25em;">180</span> <a href="/wiki/Pascal_(unit%C3%A0_di_misura)" title="Pascal (unità di misura)">Pa</a></span> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Velocit%C3%A0_del_suono" title="Velocità del suono">Velocità del suono</a></th><td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004130000000000000♠"></span>13<span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span> <a href="/wiki/Metro_al_secondo" title="Metro al secondo">m/s</a></span> a 298,15 K </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background:#FFDEAD;">Altre proprietà</th></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Numero_CAS" title="Numero CAS">Numero CAS</a></th><td><span class="reflink plainlinksneverexpand"><span class="noarchive"><a class="external text" href="https://iw.toolforge.org/magnustools/cas.php?language=it&cas=7440-41-7">7440-41-7</a></span></span> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Elettronegativit%C3%A0" title="Elettronegatività">Elettronegatività</a></th><td>1,57 (<a href="/wiki/Scala_di_Pauling" class="mw-redirect" title="Scala di Pauling">Scala di Pauling</a>) </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Calore_specifico" title="Calore specifico">Calore specifico</a></th><td>1825 J/(kg·K) </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Conducibilit%C3%A0_elettrica" class="mw-redirect" title="Conducibilità elettrica">Conducibilità elettrica</a></th><td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7007313000000000000♠"></span>31,3<span style="margin-left:0.25em;margin-right:0.15em;">×</span>10<sup>6</sup></span> /m·Ω </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Conducibilit%C3%A0_termica" title="Conducibilità termica">Conducibilità termica</a></th><td>201 W/(m·K) </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Energia_di_ionizzazione" title="Energia di ionizzazione">Energia di prima ionizzazione</a></th><td>899,5 kJ/mol </td></tr><tr><th>Energia di seconda ionizzazione</th><td>1 757,1 kJ/mol </td></tr><tr><th>Energia di terza ionizzazione</th><td>14 848,7 kJ/mol </td></tr><tr><th>Energia di quarta ionizzazione</th><td>21 006,6 kJ/mol </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background:#FFDEAD;">Isotopi più stabili</th></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2"><table class="wikitable" style="margin: 0;" width="100%"> <tbody><tr><th>iso</th><th>NA</th><th>TD</th><th>DM</th><th>DE</th><th>DP</th></tr> <tr><td><sup>7</sup>Be</td><td>sintetico</td> <td>53,12 giorni</td><td><a href="/wiki/Cattura_elettronica" title="Cattura elettronica">ε</a></td><td>0,862</td><td><sup>7</sup>Li</td></tr><tr><td><sup>9</sup>Be</td><td><b>100%</b></td> <td colspan="4">È stabile con 5 neutroni</td></tr><tr><td><sup>10</sup>Be</td><td>tracce</td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7006151000000000000♠"></span>1,51<span style="margin-left:0.25em;margin-right:0.15em;">×</span>10<sup>6</sup></span> anni</td><td><a href="/wiki/Decadimento_beta" title="Decadimento beta">β</a><sup>−</sup></td><td>0,556</td><td><sup>10</sup><a href="/wiki/Boro" title="Boro">B</a></td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background:#FFDEAD;"><small>iso: <a href="/wiki/Isotopo" title="Isotopo">isotopo</a><br />NA: abbondanza in natura<br />TD: <a href="/wiki/Emivita_(fisica)" title="Emivita (fisica)">tempo di dimezzamento</a><br />DM: modalità di decadimento<br />DE: energia di decadimento in MeV<br />DP: prodotto del decadimento</small></th></tr></tbody></table> <p>Il <b>berillio</b> è l'<a href="/wiki/Elemento_chimico" title="Elemento chimico">elemento chimico</a> della <a href="/wiki/Tavola_periodica_degli_elementi" title="Tavola periodica degli elementi">tavola periodica degli elementi</a> che ha <a href="/wiki/Numero_atomico" title="Numero atomico">numero atomico</a> 4 e simbolo <b>Be</b>. Il berillio è il primo degli elementi del secondo <a href="/wiki/Gruppo_della_tavola_periodica" title="Gruppo della tavola periodica">gruppo</a> del sistema periodico, facente parte del <a href="/wiki/Blocco_della_tavola_periodica" title="Blocco della tavola periodica">blocco</a> <i>s</i>, ed è il capostipite dei <a href="/wiki/Metalli_alcalino_terrosi" title="Metalli alcalino terrosi">metalli alcalino terrosi</a>. È un elemento abbastanza raro<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (~2 ppm sulla crosta terrestre<sup id="cite_ref-:2_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) e, analogamente agli altri del gruppo, è quasi esclusivamente <a href="/wiki/Valenza_(chimica)" title="Valenza (chimica)">bivalente</a>, reattivo, anche se segnatamente meno degli altri,<sup id="cite_ref-:02_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> e presente in natura solo in combinazione con altri elementi a formare <a href="/wiki/Minerale" title="Minerale">minerali</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tra questi, i principali sono il <a href="/wiki/Berillo" title="Berillo">berillo</a>, da cui prende il nome, che è un <a href="/wiki/Alluminosilicato" class="mw-redirect" title="Alluminosilicato">alluminosilicato</a> comprendente le varianti <a href="/wiki/Acquamarina_(minerale)" title="Acquamarina (minerale)">acquamarina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Smeraldo" title="Smeraldo">smeraldo</a> e <a href="/wiki/Berillo_rosso" title="Berillo rosso">berillo rosso</a>, e il <a href="/wiki/Crisoberillo" title="Crisoberillo">crisoberillo</a>, che invece è un <a href="/wiki/Alluminato" title="Alluminato">alluminato</a> di formula BeAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Allo stato metallico è di colore grigio acciaio, è notevolmente <a href="/wiki/Durezza" title="Durezza">duro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Densit%C3%A0" title="Densità">leggero</a> e <a href="/wiki/Fragilit%C3%A0" title="Fragilità">fragile</a>, con un <a href="/wiki/Punto_di_fusione" title="Punto di fusione">punto di fusione</a> decisamente alto tra i metalli leggeri (1278 °C) ed è anche l'elemento più <a href="/wiki/Elettronegativit%C3%A0" title="Elettronegatività">elettronegativo</a> e meno reattivo nel gruppo.<sup id="cite_ref-:32_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:32-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Per questo si presta ad essere usato in <a href="/wiki/Lega_(metallurgia)" title="Lega (metallurgia)">leghe</a> leggere (principalmente con <a href="/wiki/Rame" title="Rame">Cu</a> e <a href="/wiki/Nichel" title="Nichel">Ni</a>), specie in campo <a href="/wiki/Aeronautica_militare" title="Aeronautica militare">aeronautico</a> e aerospaziale.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>La <a href="/wiki/Relazione_diagonale" title="Relazione diagonale">relazione diagonale</a> con l'<a href="/wiki/Alluminio" title="Alluminio">alluminio</a> fa sì che questi due elementi abbiano alcune proprietà simili, anche se il berillio è leggermente meno elettronegativo,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ma più facilmente ossidabile rispetto all'alluminio<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> il quale, d'altra parte, è molto meno pericoloso e che usiamo quotidianamente. </p><p>Il berillio viene usato principalmente in alcuni ambiti molto specifici dove è difficilmente sostituibile, ad esempio viene impiegato come agente rafforzante in alcune leghe di <a href="/wiki/Rame" title="Rame">rame</a> molto particolari.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>L'uso del berillio richiede precauzioni perché è dannoso se inalato: gli effetti dipendono dai tempi e dalla quantità di esposizione. Se i livelli di berillio nell'aria sono sufficientemente alti (più di <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="6994100000000000000♠"></span>1,0 <a href="/wiki/Grammo" title="Grammo">mg</a></span>/<a href="/wiki/Metro_cubo" title="Metro cubo">m³</a>), può provocare una condizione che ricorda la <a href="/wiki/Polmonite" title="Polmonite">polmonite</a>, chiamata <a href="/wiki/Berilliosi" title="Berilliosi">berilliosi</a> acuta. Inoltre, risulta anche <a href="/wiki/Carcinogeno" title="Carcinogeno">carcinogeno</a> per l'uomo (A1-ACGIH). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Caratteristiche">Caratteristiche</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berillio&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Caratteristiche" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berillio&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Caratteristiche"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Il berillio ha uno dei <a href="/wiki/Punto_di_fusione" title="Punto di fusione">punti di fusione</a> più alti tra i metalli leggeri. Il <a href="/wiki/Modulo_elastico" class="mw-redirect" title="Modulo elastico">modulo elastico</a> di questo metallo è di circa ⅓ superiore a quello dell'acciaio (300 GPa contro i 210 GPa della lega ferrosa). Possiede una buona conducibilità termica (circa metà di quella dell'<a href="/wiki/Argento" title="Argento">argento</a>), è <a href="/wiki/Diamagnetismo" title="Diamagnetismo">diamagnetico</a> e resiste all'azione dell'<a href="/wiki/Acido_nitrico" title="Acido nitrico">acido nitrico</a> concentrato. È altamente permeabile ai <a href="/wiki/Raggi_X" title="Raggi X">raggi X</a>, e rilascia <a href="/wiki/Neutrone" title="Neutrone">neutroni</a> se viene colpito da <a href="/wiki/Particella_%CE%B1" title="Particella α">particelle alfa</a>, emesse per esempio dal <a href="/wiki/Radio_(elemento_chimico)" title="Radio (elemento chimico)">radio</a> o dal <a href="/wiki/Polonio" title="Polonio">polonio</a> (circa 30 neutroni per milione di particelle alfa). In <a href="/wiki/Condizioni_standard" title="Condizioni standard">condizioni standard</a> il berillio non si <a href="/wiki/Ossidazione" title="Ossidazione">ossida</a> all'<a href="/wiki/Aria" title="Aria">aria</a> (anche se la sua capacità di scalfire il vetro è probabilmente dovuta alla formazione di un sottile strato di ossido).<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Applicazioni">Applicazioni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berillio&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la sezione Applicazioni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berillio&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Applicazioni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Il berillio è usato come legante nella produzione di rame-berillio (grazie alla sua capacità di assorbire grandi quantità di calore). Le leghe rame-berillio sono usate in un'ampia gamma di applicazioni per via della loro conducibilità elettrica e termica, alta resistenza e durezza, proprietà diamagnetiche, oltre che alla resistenza a corrosione e fatica. Queste applicazioni includono la produzione di: elettrodi per la saldatura a punto, molle, attrezzi che non producono scintille e contatti elettrici.</li> <li>Grazie alla loro rigidità, leggerezza e stabilità dimensionale in un ampio raggio di temperature, le leghe rame-berillio sono usate nell'industria aerospaziale e militare come materiali strutturali leggeri per la fabbricazione di aerei supersonici, missili, veicoli spaziali e satelliti per telecomunicazioni.</li> <li>Sottili fogli di berillio vengono usati negli strumenti diagnostici a raggi X per filtrare la luce visibile e permettere solo ai raggi X di venire rilevati.</li> <li>Nel campo della <a href="/wiki/Litografia_(elettronica)" title="Litografia (elettronica)">litografia</a> a raggi X, il berillio viene usato per la riproduzione di circuiti stampati microscopici.</li> <li>Il berillio è inoltre utilizzato nella costruzione di <a href="/wiki/Giroscopio" title="Giroscopio">giroscopi</a>, parti di computer, molle per orologeria e strumenti dove leggerezza, rigidità e stabilità dimensionale sono richieste.</li> <li>L'ossido di berillio è utile in molte applicazioni che richiedono un eccellente conduttore di calore, con alta forza e durezza, un alto punto di fusione, e che agisca come isolante elettrico.</li> <li>Composti al berillio venivano usati nei tubi delle lampade a fluorescenza, ma questo uso fu abbandonato per via della <a href="/wiki/Berilliosi" title="Berilliosi">berilliosi</a> che colpiva gli operai addetti alla loro produzione.</li> <li>Il berillio, in lega con il bronzo, viene utilizzato per produrre utensili antiscintilla.</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Alta_fedelt%C3%A0" title="Alta fedeltà">HI-FI</a>, grazie alla sua leggerezza e rigidità, il berillio viene talora utilizzato per produrre piccole parti dei <a href="/wiki/Testina_fonografica" title="Testina fonografica">fonorivelatori</a> come il cantilever, la minuscola asticina che sostiene il diamante della puntina con la quale vengono lette le informazioni musicali contenute in un <a href="/wiki/Disco_fonografico" title="Disco fonografico">disco fonografico</a> in <a href="/wiki/Cloruro_di_polivinile" class="mw-redirect" title="Cloruro di polivinile">vinile</a>.</li> <li>Sempre in <a href="/wiki/Alta_fedelt%C3%A0" title="Alta fedeltà">HI-FI</a> il berillio viene talora utilizzato per la costruzione delle membrane dei <a href="/wiki/Tweeter" title="Tweeter">tweeter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Altoparlante" title="Altoparlante">altoparlanti</a> specializzati nella riproduzione delle alte frequenze.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Applicazioni_nucleari">Applicazioni nucleari</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berillio&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la sezione Applicazioni nucleari" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berillio&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Applicazioni nucleari"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Il berillio ha la proprietà di essere un moltiplicatore neutronico, in quanto assorbe un neutrone e ne rilascia altri due. Questa proprietà fu usata ai primordi degli sviluppi dei <a href="/wiki/Reattore_nucleare_a_fissione" title="Reattore nucleare a fissione">reattori nucleari</a> da <a href="/wiki/Enrico_Fermi" title="Enrico Fermi">Fermi</a> e dagli altri ricercatori introducendo barre di berillio nel reattore per aumentare il flusso neutronico verso il <a href="/wiki/Combustibile_nucleare" title="Combustibile nucleare">combustibile</a>, causando gravi incidenti chimici. Appena fu possibile, le barre e gli altri assorbenti di neutroni furono realizzate in altri materiali assorbenti di neutroni, meno pericolosi: tra essi il <a href="/wiki/Cadmio" title="Cadmio">cadmio</a> e l'<a href="/wiki/Argento" title="Argento">argento</a>. Si è riusciti infatti a garantire ugualmente l'autosostentamento della reazione di <a href="/wiki/Fissione_nucleare" title="Fissione nucleare">fissione</a>. </p><p>Il maggior problema per l'uso del berillio nei reattori a fusione è dovuto al suo rigonfiamento (<i>swelling</i>) sotto irraggiamento neutronico anche a temperature relativamente modeste,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> che ne rende estremamente difficoltoso l'uso come struttura compatta, quindi l'utilizzo del berillio avviene generalmente come <i><a href="/wiki/Materia_granulare" title="Materia granulare">pebble bed</a></i>, portando ad altri problemi legati alla valutazione del comportamento del letto in condizioni di alti flussi termici ed elevati sforzi sulle pareti del contenimento.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Il berillio risulta il migliore tra tutti i metalli moderatori, perché presenta la più bassa sezione di cattura di neutroni termici in confronto a qualsiasi altro metallo, e ha buone proprietà meccaniche, chimiche e di refrattarietà.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nel campo della <a href="/wiki/Fusione_nucleare" title="Fusione nucleare">fusione</a> si sfruttano le proprietà di moltiplicazione neutronica nel <a href="/wiki/Blanket" title="Blanket">blanket</a> dei futuri reattori di potenza, sono stati effettuati diversi studi di modelli di blanket che utilizzano il berillio come moltiplicatore,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> uno di essi è uno dei blanket proposti per <a href="/wiki/DEMO" title="DEMO">DEMO</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Storia">Storia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berillio&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la sezione Storia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berillio&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Storia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Il nome berillio deriva dal greco <i>bēryllos</i> (βήρυλλος), <a href="/wiki/Berillo" title="Berillo">berillo</a>, a sua volta di <a href="/wiki/Etimologia" title="Etimologia">provenienza</a> incerta.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sino alla fine dell'Ottocento veniva chiamato <b>glucinio</b> (dal greco <i>glykýs</i> (γλυκύς), "dolce"), a causa del sapore dei suoi sali ed indicato con il simbolo <i>Gl</i>. Questo elemento fu scoperto da <a href="/wiki/Louis_Nicolas_Vauquelin" title="Louis Nicolas Vauquelin">Louis Nicolas Vauquelin</a> nel <a href="/wiki/1798" title="1798">1798</a> come ossido nel berillo e negli smeraldi. <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_W%C3%B6hler" title="Friedrich Wöhler">Friedrich Wöhler</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Antoine_Alexandre_Bussy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antoine Alexandre Bussy (la pagina non esiste)">Antoine Alexandre Bussy</a> isolarono indipendentemente il metallo nel <a href="/wiki/1828" title="1828">1828</a> con la <a href="/wiki/Reazione_di_sostituzione" title="Reazione di sostituzione">reazione di sostituzione</a> del potassio nel <a href="/wiki/Cloruro_di_berillio" title="Cloruro di berillio">cloruro di berillio</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Disponibilità"><span id="Disponibilit.C3.A0"></span>Disponibilità</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berillio&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la sezione Disponibilità" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berillio&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Disponibilità"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Il berillio si trova in 30 diversi minerali, i più importanti dei quali sono: <a href="/wiki/Bertrandite" title="Bertrandite">bertrandite</a>, <a href="/wiki/Berillo" title="Berillo">berillo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crisoberillo" title="Crisoberillo">crisoberillo</a> e fenacite. Forme preziose di berillo sono l'<a href="/wiki/Berillo" title="Berillo">acquamarina</a> e lo <a href="/wiki/Smeraldo" title="Smeraldo">smeraldo</a>. Le più importanti fonti commerciali di berillio e dei suoi composti sono il berillo e la bertrandite. Attualmente, il grosso della produzione di questo elemento è ottenuta riducendo il <a href="/wiki/Fluoruro_di_berillio" title="Fluoruro di berillio">fluoruro di berillio</a> con il <a href="/wiki/Magnesio" title="Magnesio">magnesio</a>. Il berillio non fu disponibile in grosse quantità fino al <a href="/wiki/1957" title="1957">1957</a>. </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {BeF2 + Mg -> MgF2 + Be}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msubsup> <mtext>BeF</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <mtext>Mg</mtext> <mo stretchy="false">⟶</mo> <msubsup> <mtext>MgF</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <mtext>Be</mtext> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {BeF2 + Mg -> MgF2 + Be}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/39b96de50e8038727c6ce6b0a211f627ca793de9" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:27.864ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {BeF2 + Mg -> MgF2 + Be}}}"></span></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Isotopi">Isotopi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berillio&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifica la sezione Isotopi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berillio&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Isotopi"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r130657691">body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .vedi-anche{font-size:95%}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r139142988">.mw-parser-output .hatnote-content{align-items:center;display:flex}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon{flex-shrink:0}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon img{display:flex}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-text{font-style:italic}body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .hatnote{border:1px solid #CCC;display:flex;margin:.5em 0;padding:.2em .5em}body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .hatnote-text{padding-left:.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon{padding-right:8px}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon img{height:auto;width:16px}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .hatnote a.new{color:#d73333}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .hatnote a.new:visited{color:#a55858}</style> <div class="hatnote noprint vedi-anche"> <div class="hatnote-content"><span class="noviewer hatnote-icon" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/18px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/27px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/36px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="286" data-file-height="280" /></span></span> <span class="hatnote-text">Lo stesso argomento in dettaglio: <b><a href="/wiki/Isotopi_del_berillio" title="Isotopi del berillio">Isotopi del berillio</a></b>.</span></div> </div> <p>Il berillio è il primo dei 21 elementi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Monoisotopico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monoisotopico (la pagina non esiste)">monoisotopici</a>: il suo solo <a href="/wiki/Isotopo" title="Isotopo">isotopo</a> stabile è il <a href="/wiki/Nuclide" title="Nuclide">nuclide</a> <sup>9</sup>Be. In ambiente terrestre il berillio è anche <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mononuclidico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mononuclidico (la pagina non esiste)">mononuclidico</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in quanto il berillio è presente essenzialmente soltanto come <sup>9</sup>Be, a parte altri suoi isotopi presenti solo in tracce. Questo fa sì che alla sua massa atomica contribuisca essenzialmente soltanto questo suo <a href="/wiki/Nuclide" title="Nuclide">nuclide</a> e pertanto essa è conosciuta con grande <a href="/wiki/Accuratezza" title="Accuratezza">accuratezza</a> e quindi con molte <a href="/wiki/Cifra_significativa" title="Cifra significativa">cifre significative</a>: M(Be) = 9,0121831±0.0000005 <a href="/wiki/Unit%C3%A0_di_massa_atomica" title="Unità di massa atomica">u</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Il berillio è l'unico elemento monoisotopico avente un numero di protoni pari (<i>Z</i> = 4) e un numero di neutroni dispari (<i>N</i> = 5). A differenza della gran parte di altri elementi aventi <i>Z</i> pari, che hanno sempre un isotopo stabile con <i>N</i> pari, l'isotopo <sup>8</sup>Be, che soddisfa a questo requisito, si spacca quasi immediatamente in due <a href="/wiki/Particella_%CE%B1" title="Particella α">particelle alfa</a> (<i>vide infra</i>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Isotopi_radioattivi">Isotopi radioattivi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berillio&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifica la sezione Isotopi radioattivi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berillio&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Isotopi radioattivi"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>I due principali e più longevi isotopi radioattivi del berillio, presenti in tracce appena significative perché <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cosmogenico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cosmogenico (la pagina non esiste)">cosmogenici</a>, generati cioè dall'impatto di <a href="/wiki/Raggi_cosmici" title="Raggi cosmici">raggi cosmici</a> con nuclei di <a href="/wiki/Azoto" title="Azoto">azoto</a> e <a href="/wiki/Ossigeno" title="Ossigeno">ossigeno</a> dell'atmosfera, sono <sup>7</sup>Be e <sup>10</sup>Be.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Il nuclide <a href="/w/index.php?title=Berillio-7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Berillio-7 (la pagina non esiste)"><sup>7</sup>Be</a> (spin 3/2-), pur avendo solo tre neutroni, cioè neutroni in difetto rispetto ai protoni,<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> nonostante ciò è stabile come <a href="/wiki/Nucleo_atomico" title="Nucleo atomico">nucleo atomico</a> isolato (<sup>7</sup>Be<sup>4+</sup>), senza elettroni intorno. Invece, in presenza di essi, diviene instabile e decade per <a href="/wiki/Cattura_elettronica" title="Cattura elettronica">cattura elettronica</a> (il nucleo cattura un elettrone del guscio 1<i>s</i>) trasformandosi nel nuclide stabile <sup>7</sup>Li (uno dei due isotopi naturali del <a href="/wiki/Litio" title="Litio">litio</a>), ed espellendo un <a href="/wiki/Neutrino" title="Neutrino">neutrino</a> elettronico.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In seguito a tale processo si ha emissione di <a href="/wiki/Raggi_X" title="Raggi X">raggi X</a> per la conseguente riorganizzazione elettronica che ha luogo a causa del posto vuoto lasciato nell'orbitale dall'elettrone catturato e che può portare anche all'emissione di <a href="/wiki/Emissione_Auger" title="Emissione Auger">elettroni Auger</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> L'<a href="/wiki/Emivita_(fisica)" title="Emivita (fisica)">emivita</a> del <sup>7</sup>Be è 53,22 giorni e l'energia rilasciata è Q = 0,862 MeV.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Il nuclide <a href="/wiki/Berillio-10" title="Berillio-10"><sup>10</sup>Be</a> (spin 0), con un neutrone in più rispetto all'isotopo stabile del berillio, va soggetto al <a href="/wiki/Decadimento_beta" title="Decadimento beta">decadimento β-</a>, producendo il <sup>10</sup>B,<sup id="cite_ref-:1_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> cioè il primo dei due isotopi stabili del boro; l'energia di decadimento è di 0,556 MeV. Il <sup>10</sup>Be è un isotopo con emivita lunga: 1,513 milioni di anni.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Poiché ossidi e idrossidi di berillio (derivanti dal <sup>10</sup>Be cosmogenico) sono solubili in mezzo acquoso solo con <a href="/wiki/PH" title="PH">pH</a> inferiore a 5,5 (e nella maggior parte dei casi l'acqua piovana ha pH inferiore a 5), essi entrano in soluzione con la pioggia e sono da questa trasportati sulla superficie terrestre. Man mano che si stabilisce il contatto col suolo la soluzione diventa più alcalina, i composti del berillio si separano dalla soluzione come precipitato e si depositano sul terreno. Il berillio cosmogenico si accumula quindi sulla superficie del suolo, dove il suo tempo di dimezzamento (~1,5 milioni di anni) non gli impedisce una lunga permanenza prima di trasformarsi in quantità significative in <sup>10</sup>B. Il <sup>10</sup>Be presente nei suoi composti è stato usato per esaminare l'erosione del suolo, la formazione del suolo dalla <a href="/wiki/Regolite" title="Regolite">regolite</a> e la formazione di terreno <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lateritico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lateritico (la pagina non esiste)">lateritico</a>, così come per lo studio delle variazioni nell'attività solare e dell'età dei ghiacciai. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Altri_isotopi_radioattivi_a_vita_molto_breve">Altri isotopi radioattivi a vita molto breve</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berillio&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifica la sezione Altri isotopi radioattivi a vita molto breve" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berillio&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Altri isotopi radioattivi a vita molto breve"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Il nuclide <a href="/wiki/Berillio-8" title="Berillio-8"><sup>8</sup>Be</a> (spin 0), nonostante sia un nuclide con <i><a href="/wiki/Numero_atomico" title="Numero atomico">Z</a></i> e <i>N</i> entrambi pari, è estremamente instabile, con emivita di appena 8,2×10<sup>-17</sup> secondi: il suo nucleo si spacca in due (<a href="/wiki/Fissione_nucleare" title="Fissione nucleare">fissione</a>), dando due nuclei stabilissimi di <a href="/wiki/Elio-4" title="Elio-4">elio-4</a> (<a href="/wiki/Particella_%CE%B1" title="Particella α">particelle α</a>); l'energia di decadimento è molto piccola: Q = 0,092 MeV.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Spesso questo modo di decadimento è classificato anche come <a href="/wiki/Decadimento_alfa" title="Decadimento alfa">decadimento alfa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Il nuclide <sup>11</sup>Be decade β- per il 97% dei casi, dando il boro-11, l'altro isotopo stabile del boro (Q = 11,51 MeV); per il restante 3% decade (β- + α), dando <sup>7</sup>Li (Q<sub>α</sub> = 2,84 MeV); T<sub>1/2</sub> = 13,81 secondi.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Il nuclide <sup>6</sup>Be (spin 0) è anche più instabile: decade espellendo 2 protoni, con emivita di 1,37×10<sup>-21</sup> secondi, dando elio-4.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Il fatto che il <sup>7</sup>Be e il <sup>8</sup>Be siano instabili ha profonde conseguenze cosmologiche, perché significa che la fusione nucleare durante il <a href="/wiki/Big_bang" class="mw-redirect" title="Big bang">big bang</a> non può avere prodotto elementi più pesanti del berillio. Inoltre i livelli di energia nucleare del berillio-8 sono tali per cui il <a href="/wiki/Carbonio" title="Carbonio">carbonio</a> può essere prodotto all'interno delle stelle rendendo la vita possibile. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Precauzioni">Precauzioni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berillio&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modifica la sezione Precauzioni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berillio&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Precauzioni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="infobox sinottico" summary="Tabella sinottica che riassume i principali dati del soggetto"><tbody><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Simboli_di_rischio_chimico" title="Simboli di rischio chimico">Simboli di rischio chimico</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:GHS-pictogram-skull.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="tossicità acuta"><img alt="tossicità acuta" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/GHS-pictogram-skull.svg/50px-GHS-pictogram-skull.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/GHS-pictogram-skull.svg/75px-GHS-pictogram-skull.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/GHS-pictogram-skull.svg/100px-GHS-pictogram-skull.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="724" data-file-height="724" /></a></span>  <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:GHS-pictogram-silhouette.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="tossico a lungo termine"><img alt="tossico a lungo termine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/GHS-pictogram-silhouette.svg/50px-GHS-pictogram-silhouette.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/GHS-pictogram-silhouette.svg/75px-GHS-pictogram-silhouette.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/GHS-pictogram-silhouette.svg/100px-GHS-pictogram-silhouette.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="724" data-file-height="724" /></a></span>  <br />pericolo <hr /> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Frasi_H" class="mw-redirect" title="Frasi H">frasi H</a></th><td><abbr title="Letale se ingerito.">300 </abbr>- <abbr title="Provoca irritazione cutanea.">315 </abbr>- <abbr title="Può provocare una reazione allergica cutanea.">317 </abbr>- <abbr title="Provoca grave irritazione oculare.">319 </abbr>- <abbr title="Letale se inalato.">330 </abbr>- <abbr title="Può irritare le vie respiratorie.">335 </abbr>- <abbr title="Può provocare il cancro per inalazione.">350i </abbr>- <abbr title="Provoca danni agli organi in caso di esposizione prolungata o ripetuta.">372 </abbr> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Frasi_R" title="Frasi R">frasi R</a></th><td>R 49-25-26-36/37/38-43-48/23 </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Consigli_P" title="Consigli P">consigli P</a></th><td><abbr title="Procurarsi istruzioni specifiche prima dell'uso.">201 </abbr>- <abbr title="Non respirare la polvere / i fumi / i gas / la nebbia / i vapori / gli aerosol.">260 </abbr>- <abbr title="Indossare guanti / indumenti protettivi / Proteggere gli occhi / il viso.">280 </abbr>- <abbr title="Utilizzare un apparecchio respiratorio.">284 </abbr>- <abbr title="In caso di ingestione: contattare immediatamente un centro antiveleni o un medico.">301+310 </abbr>- <abbr title="In caso di contatto con gli occhi: sciacquare accuratamente per parecchi minuti. Togliere le eventuali lenti a contatto se è agevole farlo. Continuare a sciacquare.">305+351+338 </abbr><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Frasi_S" title="Frasi S">frasi S</a></th><td>S 53-45 </td></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2"><hr /> <span style="font-size:90%"><b>Le sostanze chimiche<br />vanno manipolate con cautela</b></span> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="sinottico_piede"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Disclaimer_sul_rischio" title="Wikipedia:Disclaimer sul rischio">Avvertenze</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Il berillio e i suoi sali sono sostanze tossiche e <a href="/wiki/Carcinogeno" title="Carcinogeno">cancerogene</a> (A1-ACGIH) riconosciute. La <a href="/wiki/Berilliosi" title="Berilliosi">berilliosi</a> cronica è una malattia polmonare granulomatosa causata dall'esposizione al berillio. La berilliosi acuta, in forma di pneumatosi chimica venne segnalata per la prima volta in Europa nel <a href="/wiki/1933" title="1933">1933</a> e negli Stati Uniti nel <a href="/wiki/1943" title="1943">1943</a>. Casi di berilliosi cronica furono per primi descritti nel <a href="/wiki/1946" title="1946">1946</a> tra i lavoratori di fabbriche per la produzione di lampadine a fluorescenza nel <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>. La berilliosi cronica ricorda la <a href="/wiki/Sarcoidosi" title="Sarcoidosi">sarcoidosi</a> in molti aspetti, e la distinzione tra le due è spesso difficile. </p><p>Anche se l'uso di composti al berillio nei tubi a <a href="/wiki/Fluorescenza" title="Fluorescenza">fluorescenza</a> è stato cessato nel <a href="/wiki/1949" title="1949">1949</a>, il rischio di esposizione al berillio esiste nell'industria aerospaziale e nucleare, nella raffinazione del metallo di berillio, nella fusione di leghe contenenti berillio, nella produzione di apparecchi elettronici e nel trattamento di altri materiali che lo contengono. </p><p>I primi ricercatori assaggiavano il berillio e i suoi composti al fine di verificarne la presenza attraverso la caratteristica dolcezza. I moderni apparati diagnostici non necessitano più di queste procedure rischiose e non bisogna in alcun modo ingerire la sostanza. Il berillio e i suoi composti devono essere maneggiati con la massima cura e speciali precauzioni devono essere prese durante lo svolgimento di attività che possono produrre il rilascio di polvere di berillio (il tumore ai polmoni è un possibile risultato di una prolungata esposizione alla polvere di berillio). </p><p>Questa sostanza può essere maneggiata in sicurezza <i>se</i> si seguono certe procedure. Nessun tentativo di maneggiare il berillio deve essere fatto prima di aver familiarizzato con le corrette procedure. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Effetti_sulla_salute">Effetti sulla salute</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berillio&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Modifica la sezione Effetti sulla salute" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berillio&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Effetti sulla salute"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Il berillio è dannoso se inalato, gli effetti dipendono dai tempi e dalla quantità di esposizione. Se i livelli di berillio nell'aria sono sufficientemente alti (più di <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="6994100000000000000♠"></span>1<span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span> <a href="/wiki/Grammo" title="Grammo">μg</a></span>/<a href="/wiki/Metro_cubo" title="Metro cubo">m³</a>), si può andare incontro a una condizione che ricorda la <a href="/wiki/Polmonite" title="Polmonite">polmonite</a> ed è chiamata <a href="/wiki/Berilliosi" title="Berilliosi">berilliosi</a> acuta. </p><p>Alcune persone (1-15%) sviluppano una sensibilità al berillio. Questi individui possono sviluppare una reazione infiammatoria alle vie respiratorie. Questa condizione viene chiamata berilliosi cronica, e può manifestarsi molti anni dopo l'esposizione a livelli di berillio superiori alla norma (maggiori di 0,2 µg/m³). Questa malattia fa sentire deboli e stanchi, e può causare difficoltà nella respirazione. Può anche provocare <a href="/wiki/Anoressia" title="Anoressia">anoressia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Perdita_di_peso" title="Perdita di peso">perdita di peso</a> e portare, in casi avanzati, a problemi cardiaci. Alcune delle persone sensibili al berillio possono non manifestare sintomi. In generale la popolazione non rischia di contrarre la berilliosi acuta o cronica, in quanto i livelli di berillio normalmente nell'aria sono molto bassi (0,00003-0,0002 µg/m³). </p><p>Nessun caso di effetti dovuti all'ingestione di berillio è stato segnalato sugli esseri umani, poiché lo stomaco e l'intestino ne assorbono pochissimo. Ulcere sono state riscontrate in cani sottoposti a una dieta contenente berillio. Il contatto del berillio con delle lesioni sulla pelle può provocare eruzioni o ulcerazioni. </p><p>L'esposizione al berillio per lunghi periodi può incrementare i rischi di sviluppare il cancro ai polmoni. </p><p>L'agenzia internazionale per la ricerca sul cancro (IARC) ha stabilito che il berillio è una sostanza cancerogena. L'agenzia americana EPA ha stimato che un'esposizione a vita a 0,04 µg/m³> di berillio può risultare in una possibilità su mille di sviluppare il cancro. </p><p>Non esistono studi degli effetti dell'esposizione al berillio sulla salute dei bambini. È probabile che questi siano simili a quelli riscontrati negli adulti ma non si sa se i bambini abbiano una sensibilità differente. </p><p>Non si sa inoltre se l'esposizione al berillio possa provocare difetti alla nascita o in altre fasi dello sviluppo. Gli studi condotti sugli animali non hanno portato a prove conclusive. </p><p>Il berillio può essere misurato nelle urine e nel sangue. Il livello riscontrato non è indicativo di quanto recente sia stata l'esposizione. I livelli di berillio possono essere misurati anche in campioni di pelle e polmoni. </p><p>Un altro esame sanguigno, <i>esame di proliferazione dei linfociti da berillio</i>, individua la sensibilità al berillio ed è un valore predittivo della berilliosi cronica. </p><p>I livelli tipici di berillio che le industrie possono rilasciare nell'aria sono nell'ordine di 0,01 µg/m³, in media su un periodo di 30 giorni. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berillio&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Modifica la sezione Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berillio&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/rimg/article/50/1/121-145/312260"><span style="font-style:italic;">Trace-Element Systematics of Beryllium in Terrestrial Materials</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">pubs.geoscienceworld.org</span>. <small>URL consultato il 29 marzo 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b>^</b> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-:2_2-0">a</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-:2_2-1">b</a></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> N. N. Greenwood e A. Earnshaw, <span style="font-style:italic;">Chemistry of the Elements</span>, 2ª ed., Butterworth - Heinemann, 1997, pp. 108-109, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/0-7506-3365-4" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/0-7506-3365-4">0-7506-3365-4</a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:02-3"><a href="#cite_ref-:02_3-0"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> F. Albert Cotton, Geoffrey Wilkinson, Carlos A. Murillo e Manfred Bochmann, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/advancedinorgani0000unse"><span style="font-style:italic;">Advanced Inorganic Chemistry</span></a>, 6ª ed., Wiley Interscience, 1999, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/0-471-19957-5" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/0-471-19957-5">0-471-19957-5</a>.</cite> p=<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/advancedinorgani0000unse/page/111">111</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Nils Wiberg, Egon Wiberg e Arnold Frederik Holleman, <span style="font-style:italic;">Anorganische Chemie</span>, 103. Auflage, De Gruyter, 2017, p. 1430, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-3-11-026932-1" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-3-11-026932-1">978-3-11-026932-1</a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:32-5"><a href="#cite_ref-:32_5-0"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) N. N. Greenwood e A. Earnshaw, <span style="font-style:italic;">5 - Beryllium, Magnesium, Calcium, Strontium, Barium and Radium</span>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Chemistry of the Elements</span>, 2ª ed., Butterworth-Heinemann, 1997, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/0-7506-3365-4" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/0-7506-3365-4">0-7506-3365-4</a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Joseph R. Davis, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IpEnvBtSfPQC&pg=PA690"><span style="font-style:italic;">Beryllium</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Metals handbook</span>, ASM International, 1998, pp. 690–691, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-0-87170-654-6" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-0-87170-654-6">978-0-87170-654-6</a>. <small>URL consultato il 30 ottobre 2021</small> <small>(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200727094719/https://books.google.com/books?id=IpEnvBtSfPQC&pg=PA690">archiviato</a> il 27 luglio 2020)</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Schwartz, Mel M., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6fdmMuj0rNEC&pg=PA62"><span style="font-style:italic;">Encyclopedia of materials, parts, and finishes</span></a>, CRC Press, 2002, p. 62, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-1-56676-661-6" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-1-56676-661-6">978-1-56676-661-6</a>. <small>URL consultato il 30 ottobre 2021</small> <small>(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200727094919/https://books.google.com/books?id=6fdmMuj0rNEC&pg=PA62">archiviato</a> il 27 luglio 2020)</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation pubblicazione" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Steven G. Bratsch, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ed065p34"><span style="font-style:italic;">Revised Mulliken electronegativities: I. Calculation and conversion to Pauling units</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Journal of Chemical Education</span>, vol. 65, n. 1, 1988-01, pp. 34, <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1021%2Fed065p34">10.1021/ed065p34</a>. <small>URL consultato il 24 aprile 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> <span style="font-style:italic;">CRC handbook of chemistry and physics: a ready-reference book of chemical and physical data</span>, 87. ed., 2006-2007, CRC, Taylor & Francis, 2006, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-0-8493-0487-3" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-0-8493-0487-3">978-0-8493-0487-3</a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> <span style="font-style:italic;">McGraw-Hill concise encyclopedia of chemistry</span>, McGraw-Hill, 2004, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-0-07-143953-4" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-0-07-143953-4">978-0-07-143953-4</a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> Chiara Maccario, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://prezi.com/_2bq_r4tqyjp/un-elemento-chiamato-berillio/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Un elemento chiamato BERILLIO</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">prezi.com</span>, 31 dicembre 2014. <small>URL consultato il 17 luglio 2024</small> <small>(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240717150212/https://prezi.com/_2bq_r4tqyjp/un-elemento-chiamato-berillio/">archiviato</a> il 17 luglio 2024)</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">Claudio Nardi, <i>Staus of knowledge about the Beryllium swelling by neutron irradiation</i>, pubblicato da ENEA, RT/NUCL/91/24 (1991) ISSN/1120-5598</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">Vedi Nardi, Petrizzi, Piazza, art. cit.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">Baccaredda Boy, <i>Tecnologie chimico-nucleari</i>, vol. 1, <i>Materiali per la costruzione dei reattori nucleari</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">Vedi David Maisonnier et al., <i>The European power plant conceptual study</i>, su <i>Fusion Engineering and Design</i> (Elsevier Press), vol 75-79 (2005) pagg. 1173-1179 e Claudio Nardi, Luigi Petrizzi, Giovanni Piazza, <i>A breeding blanket for <a href="/wiki/ITER" title="ITER">ITER</a> FEAT</i>, su <i>Fusion Engineering and Design</i>, vol 69 (2003) pagg. 315-319</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170925171134/http://etimo.it/?term=berillo"><span style="font-style:italic;">Pagina web Etimo.it</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">etimo.it</span>. <small>URL consultato il 14 novembre 2019</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="https://www.etimo.it/?term=berillo">url originale</abbr> il 25 settembre 2017)</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Catherine E. Housecroft e A. G. Sharpe, <span style="font-style:italic;">Inorganic chemistry</span>, 4ª ed., Pearson, 2012, p. 2, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-0-273-74275-3" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-0-273-74275-3">978-0-273-74275-3</a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ciaaw.org/beryllium.htm"><span style="font-style:italic;">Atomic Weight of Beryllium | Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">ciaaw.org</span>. <small>URL consultato il 24 aprile 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) James M. Kaste, Stephen A. Norton e Charles T. Hess, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/rimg/article/50/1/271-289/312268"><span style="font-style:italic;">Environmental Chemistry of Beryllium-7</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">GeoScienceWorld</span>. <small>URL consultato il 17 luglio 2024</small> <small>(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180601231634/https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/msa/rimg/article-abstract/50/1/271/312268/Environmental-Chemistry-of-Beryllium-7?redirectedFrom=fulltext">archiviato</a> il 1º giugno 2018)</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation pubblicazione" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) K. Horiuchi, E. L. Goldberg e K. Kobayashi, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168900201010853"><span style="font-style:italic;">Climate-induced variations of cosmogenic beryllium-10 in the sediments of Lake Baikal of the last 150ky from AMS, SRXRF and NAA data</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment</span>, vol. 470, n. 1, 1º settembre 2001, pp. 396–404, <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2FS0168-9002%2801%2901085-3">10.1016/S0168-9002(01)01085-3</a>. <small>URL consultato il 6 marzo 2023</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">Questo accade, eccetto che nel <a href="/wiki/Prozio_(chimica)" title="Prozio (chimica)">prozio</a> (<sup>1</sup>H), solo nell'<a href="/wiki/Elio-3" title="Elio-3">elio-3</a> (<sup>3</sup>He).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b>^</b> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-:0_22-0">a</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-:0_22-1">b</a></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/Nuclear/radact2.html#c3"><span style="font-style:italic;">Radioactivity</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu</span>. <small>URL consultato il 6 marzo 2023</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www-nds.iaea.org/relnsd/vcharthtml/VChartHTML.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Livechart - Table of Nuclides - Nuclear structure and decay data</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">www-nds.iaea.org</span>. <small>URL consultato il 6 marzo 2023</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">Questo valore, essendo inferiore a 1,022 MeV, proibisce l'altro possibile decadimento concorrente della <a href="/wiki/Cattura_elettronica" title="Cattura elettronica">cattura elettronica</a>, cioè l'emissione di <a href="/wiki/Positrone" title="Positrone">positrone</a> (<a href="/wiki/Decadimento_%CE%B2%2B" class="mw-redirect" title="Decadimento β+">decadimento β+</a>).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b>^</b> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-:1_25-0">a</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-:1_25-1">b</a></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://periodictable.com/Isotopes/004.10/index3.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Isotope data for beryllium-10 in the Periodic Table</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">periodictable.com</span>. <small>URL consultato il 6 marzo 2023</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://periodictable.com/Isotopes/004.8/index3.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Isotope data for beryllium-8 in the Periodic Table</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">periodictable.com</span>. <small>URL consultato il 7 marzo 2023</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://education.jlab.org/itselemental/iso004.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">It's Elemental - The Element Beryllium</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">education.jlab.org</span>. <small>URL consultato il 7 marzo 2023</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://periodictable.com/Isotopes/004.11/index3.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Isotope data for beryllium-11 in the Periodic Table</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">periodictable.com</span>. <small>URL consultato il 7 marzo 2023</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><a href="#cite_ref-29"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://periodictable.com/Isotopes/004.6/index3.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Isotope data for beryllium-6 in the Periodic Table</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">periodictable.com</span>. <small>URL consultato il 7 marzo 2023</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">scheda del berillio su <cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191016183546/http://gestis-en.itrust.de/"><span style="font-style:italic;">IFA-GESTIS</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">gestis-en.itrust.de</span>. <small>URL consultato il 9 giugno 2021</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://gestis-en.itrust.de">url originale</abbr> il 16 ottobre 2019)</small>.</cite></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berillio&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Modifica la sezione Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berillio&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Bibliografia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Francesco Borgese, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.it/books?id=9uNyAAAACAAJ"><span style="font-style:italic;">Gli elementi della tavola periodica. Rinvenimento, proprietà, usi. Prontuario chimico, fisico, geologico</span></a>, Roma, CISU, 1993, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/88-7975-077-1" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/88-7975-077-1">88-7975-077-1</a>.</cite></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFTavola_periodica_e_proprietà_degli_elementi" class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> R. Barbucci, A. Sabatini e P. Dapporto, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101022060832/http://www.idelsongnocchi.it/online/vmchk/chimica/tavola-periodica-degli-elementi-iupac.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Tavola periodica e proprietà degli elementi</span></a>, Firenze, Edizioni V. Morelli, 1998 <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://www.idelsongnocchi.it/online/vmchk/chimica/tavola-periodica-degli-elementi-iupac.html">url originale</abbr> il 22 ottobre 2010)</small>.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Jeremy M. Merritt, Vladimir E. Bondybey e Michael C. Heaven, <span style="font-style:italic;">Beryllium Dimer – Caught in the Act of Bonding</span>.</cite> Science 19 June 2009 Vol. 324. no. 5934, pp. 1548 – 1551 <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.1174326">10.1126/science.1174326</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Altri_progetti">Altri progetti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berillio&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Modifica la sezione Altri progetti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berillio&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Altri progetti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="interProject" class="toccolours" style="display: none; clear: both; margin-top: 2em"><p id="sisterProjects" style="background-color: #efefef; color: black; font-weight: bold; margin: 0"><span>Altri progetti</span></p><ul title="Collegamenti verso gli altri progetti Wikimedia"> <li class="" title=""><a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/berillio" class="extiw" title="wikt:berillio">Wikizionario</a></li> <li class="" title=""><span class="plainlinks" title="commons:Category:Beryllium"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Beryllium?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/" title="Collabora a Wikizionario"><img alt="Collabora a Wikizionario" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/18px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/27px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/36px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="350" /></a></span> <a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="wikt:">Wikizionario</a> contiene il lemma di dizionario «<b><a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/berillio" class="extiw" title="wikt:berillio">berillio</a></b>»</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it" title="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/27px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/36px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span> contiene immagini o altri file su <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Beryllium?uselang=it">berillio</a></span></b></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collegamenti_esterni">Collegamenti esterni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berillio&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Modifica la sezione Collegamenti esterni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berillio&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Collegamenti esterni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dors.it/matline_scheda.php?idagente=156"><span style="font-style:italic;">Berilio, sulla Matrice di esposizione a cancerogeni - MATline</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">dors.it</span>.</cite></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFTreccani.it" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/berillio"><span style="font-style:italic;">berillio</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">Treccani.it – Enciclopedie on line</span>, <a href="/wiki/Istituto_dell%27Enciclopedia_Italiana" title="Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana">Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana</a>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569#P3365" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBritannica.com_science/beryl" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/science/beryl"><span style="font-style:italic;">beryl</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica" title="Enciclopedia Britannica">Enciclopedia Britannica</a></span>, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569#P1417" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBritannica.com_science/beryllium" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Timothy P. Hanusa, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/science/beryllium"><span style="font-style:italic;">beryllium</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica" title="Enciclopedia Britannica">Enciclopedia Britannica</a></span>, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569#P1417" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080919015143/http://www.ing.unitn.it/~colombo/LEGHE_RAME_BERILLIO/IndexFrame.htm"><span style="font-style:italic;">Leghe rame-berillio</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">ing.unitn.it</span>. <small>URL consultato il 31 luglio 2010</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://www.ing.unitn.it/~colombo/LEGHE_RAME_BERILLIO/IndexFrame.htm">url originale</abbr> il 19 settembre 2008)</small>.</cite></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r141815314">.mw-parser-output .navbox{border:1px solid #aaa;clear:both;margin:auto;padding:2px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox th{padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:#ccf;font-size:90%;width:100%;color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox_navbar{float:left;margin:0;padding:0 10px 0 0;text-align:left;width:6em}.mw-parser-output .navbox_title{font-size:110%}.mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow{background:#ddf;font-size:90%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:#ddf;font-size:90%;padding:0 10px;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .navbox_list{font-size:90%;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox_list a{white-space:nowrap}html:not(.vector-feature-night-mode-enabled) .mw-parser-output .navbox_odd{background:#fdfdfd;color:var(--color-base,black)}html:not(.vector-feature-night-mode-enabled) .mw-parser-output .navbox_even{background:#f7f7f7;color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox a.mw-selflink{color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox_center{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox_image{padding-left:7px;vertical-align:middle;width:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox .mw-collapsible-toggle{font-weight:normal;text-align:right;width:7em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox_image img{max-width:none!important}.mw-parser-output .subnavbox{margin:-3px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:#e6e6ff;padding:0 10px}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:var(--background-color-interactive)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox th{color:var(--color-base)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:var(--background-color-interactive)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox th{color:var(--color-base)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle)!important}}</style><table class="navbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed noprint metadata" id="navbox-Elementi_chimici"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2"><div class="navbox_navbar"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-base, #000000); white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Elementi_chimici" title="Template:Elementi chimici"><span title="Vai alla pagina del template">V</span></a> · <a href="/wiki/Discussioni_template:Elementi_chimici" title="Discussioni template:Elementi chimici"><span title="Discuti del template">D</span></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Elementi_chimici&action=edit"><span title="Modifica il template. Usa l'anteprima prima di salvare">M</span></a></div></div><span class="navbox_title"><a href="/wiki/Tavola_periodica_degli_elementi" title="Tavola periodica degli elementi">Tavola periodica degli elementi</a></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox_list navbox_center navbox_odd"><table style="width:100%"> <tbody><tr> <td align="center"> <table style="font-size:90%; text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background-color:#A0DDA0; width:20px"><a href="/wiki/Idrogeno" title="Idrogeno">H</a></td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td style="width:20px"> </td> <td 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style="background-color:#A0DDA0"><a href="/wiki/Ossigeno" title="Ossigeno">O</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFDD00"><a href="/wiki/Fluoro" title="Fluoro">F</a></td> <td style="background-color:#C0DDDD"><a href="/wiki/Neon" title="Neon">Ne</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#FF6666"><a href="/wiki/Sodio" title="Sodio">Na</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFDEAD"><a href="/wiki/Magnesio" title="Magnesio">Mg</a></td> <td colspan="24"> </td> <td style="background-color:#CCCCCC"><a href="/wiki/Alluminio" title="Alluminio">Al</a></td> <td style="background-color:#CCCC99"><a href="/wiki/Silicio" title="Silicio">Si</a></td> <td style="background-color:#A0DDA0"><a href="/wiki/Fosforo" title="Fosforo">P</a></td> <td style="background-color:#A0DDA0"><a href="/wiki/Zolfo" title="Zolfo">S</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFDD00"><a href="/wiki/Cloro" title="Cloro">Cl</a></td> <td style="background-color:#C0DDDD"><a href="/wiki/Argon" title="Argon">Ar</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#FF6666"><a href="/wiki/Potassio" title="Potassio">K</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFDEAD"><a href="/wiki/Calcio_(elemento_chimico)" title="Calcio (elemento chimico)">Ca</a></td> <td colspan="14"> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Scandio" title="Scandio">Sc</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Titanio" title="Titanio">Ti</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Vanadio" title="Vanadio">V</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Cromo" title="Cromo">Cr</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Manganese" title="Manganese">Mn</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Ferro" title="Ferro">Fe</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Cobalto" title="Cobalto">Co</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Nichel" title="Nichel">Ni</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Rame" title="Rame">Cu</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Zinco" title="Zinco">Zn</a></td> <td style="background-color:#CCCCCC"><a href="/wiki/Gallio_(elemento_chimico)" title="Gallio (elemento chimico)">Ga</a></td> <td style="background-color:#CCCC99"><a href="/wiki/Germanio" title="Germanio">Ge</a></td> <td style="background-color:#CCCC99"><a href="/wiki/Arsenico" title="Arsenico">As</a></td> <td style="background-color:#A0DDA0"><a href="/wiki/Selenio" title="Selenio">Se</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFDD00"><a href="/wiki/Bromo" title="Bromo">Br</a></td> <td style="background-color:#C0DDDD"><a href="/wiki/Kripton" title="Kripton">Kr</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#FF6666"><a href="/wiki/Rubidio" title="Rubidio">Rb</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFDEAD"><a href="/wiki/Stronzio" title="Stronzio">Sr</a></td> <td colspan="14"> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Ittrio" title="Ittrio">Y</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Zirconio" title="Zirconio">Zr</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Niobio" title="Niobio">Nb</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Molibdeno" title="Molibdeno">Mo</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Tecnezio" title="Tecnezio">Tc</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Rutenio" title="Rutenio">Ru</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Rodio" title="Rodio">Rh</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Palladio_(elemento_chimico)" title="Palladio (elemento chimico)">Pd</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Argento" title="Argento">Ag</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Cadmio" title="Cadmio">Cd</a></td> <td style="background-color:#CCCCCC"><a href="/wiki/Indio" title="Indio">In</a></td> <td style="background-color:#CCCCCC"><a href="/wiki/Stagno_(elemento_chimico)" title="Stagno (elemento chimico)">Sn</a></td> <td style="background-color:#CCCC99"><a href="/wiki/Antimonio" title="Antimonio">Sb</a></td> <td style="background-color:#CCCC99"><a href="/wiki/Tellurio" title="Tellurio">Te</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFDD00"><a href="/wiki/Iodio" title="Iodio">I</a></td> <td style="background-color:#C0DDDD"><a href="/wiki/Xeno" title="Xeno">Xe</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#FF6666"><a href="/wiki/Cesio" title="Cesio">Cs</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFDEAD"><a href="/wiki/Bario" title="Bario">Ba</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Lantanio" title="Lantanio">La</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Cerio" title="Cerio">Ce</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Praseodimio" title="Praseodimio">Pr</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Neodimio" title="Neodimio">Nd</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Promezio" title="Promezio">Pm</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Samario" title="Samario">Sm</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Europio" title="Europio">Eu</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Gadolinio" title="Gadolinio">Gd</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Terbio" title="Terbio">Tb</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Disprosio" title="Disprosio">Dy</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Olmio" title="Olmio">Ho</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Erbio" title="Erbio">Er</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Tulio" title="Tulio">Tm</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Itterbio" title="Itterbio">Yb</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFBFFF"><a href="/wiki/Lutezio" title="Lutezio">Lu</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Afnio" title="Afnio">Hf</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Tantalio" title="Tantalio">Ta</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Tungsteno" title="Tungsteno">W</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Renio" title="Renio">Re</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Osmio" title="Osmio">Os</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Iridio" title="Iridio">Ir</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Platino" title="Platino">Pt</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Oro" title="Oro">Au</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Mercurio_(elemento_chimico)" title="Mercurio (elemento chimico)">Hg</a></td> <td style="background-color:#CCCCCC"><a href="/wiki/Tallio" title="Tallio">Tl</a></td> <td style="background-color:#CCCCCC"><a href="/wiki/Piombo" title="Piombo">Pb</a></td> <td style="background-color:#CCCCCC"><a href="/wiki/Bismuto" title="Bismuto">Bi</a></td> <td style="background-color:#CCCC99"><a href="/wiki/Polonio" title="Polonio">Po</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFDD00"><a href="/wiki/Astato" title="Astato">At</a></td> <td style="background-color:#C0DDDD"><a href="/wiki/Radon" title="Radon">Rn</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#FF6666"><a href="/wiki/Francio" title="Francio">Fr</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFDEAD"><a href="/wiki/Radio_(elemento_chimico)" title="Radio (elemento chimico)">Ra</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FF99CC"><a href="/wiki/Attinio" title="Attinio">Ac</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FF99CC"><a href="/wiki/Torio" title="Torio">Th</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FF99CC"><a href="/wiki/Protoattinio" title="Protoattinio">Pa</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FF99CC"><a href="/wiki/Uranio" title="Uranio">U</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FF99CC"><a href="/wiki/Nettunio" title="Nettunio">Np</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FF99CC"><a href="/wiki/Plutonio" title="Plutonio">Pu</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FF99CC"><a href="/wiki/Americio" title="Americio">Am</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FF99CC"><a href="/wiki/Curio" title="Curio">Cm</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FF99CC"><a href="/wiki/Berkelio" title="Berkelio">Bk</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FF99CC"><a href="/wiki/Californio" title="Californio">Cf</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FF99CC"><a href="/wiki/Einsteinio" title="Einsteinio">Es</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FF99CC"><a href="/wiki/Fermio" title="Fermio">Fm</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FF99CC"><a href="/wiki/Mendelevio" title="Mendelevio">Md</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FF99CC"><a href="/wiki/Nobelio" title="Nobelio">No</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FF99CC"><a href="/wiki/Laurenzio" title="Laurenzio">Lr</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Rutherfordio" title="Rutherfordio">Rf</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Dubnio" title="Dubnio">Db</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Seaborgio" title="Seaborgio">Sg</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Bohrio" title="Bohrio">Bh</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Hassio" title="Hassio">Hs</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Meitnerio" title="Meitnerio">Mt</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Darmstadtio" title="Darmstadtio">Ds</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Roentgenio" title="Roentgenio">Rg</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC0C0"><a href="/wiki/Copernicio" title="Copernicio">Cn</a></td> <td style="background-color:#CCCCCC"><a href="/wiki/Nihonio" title="Nihonio">Nh</a></td> <td style="background-color:#CCCCCC"><a href="/wiki/Flerovio" title="Flerovio">Fl</a></td> <td style="background-color:#CCCCCC"><a href="/wiki/Moscovio" title="Moscovio">Mc</a></td> <td style="background-color:#CCCCCC"><a href="/wiki/Livermorio" title="Livermorio">Lv</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFDD00"><a href="/wiki/Tennesso" title="Tennesso">Ts</a></td> <td style="background-color:#C0DDDD"><a href="/wiki/Oganesson" title="Oganesson">Og</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#FF6666"><a href="/wiki/Ununennio" title="Ununennio">Uue</a></td> <td style="background-color:#FFDEAD"><a href="/wiki/Unbinilio" title="Unbinilio">Ubn</a></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="width:100%"> <tbody><tr> <td align="center"> <a href="/wiki/Unbibidi" title="Unbibidi">Unbibidi</a><table style="font-size:90%; text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC; width:20px">Ubu</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Ubb</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Ubt</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Ubq</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Ubp</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Ubh</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Ubs</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Ubo</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Ube</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Utn</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Utu</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Utb</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Utt</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Utq</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Utp</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Uth</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Uts</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Uto</td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="width:100%"> <tbody><tr> <td align="center"> <a href="/wiki/Superattinidi" title="Superattinidi">Superattinidi</a><table style="font-size:90%; text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Ute</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Uqn</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Uqu</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Uqb</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Uqt</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Uqq</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Uqp</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Uqh</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Uqs</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Uqo</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Uqe</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Upn</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Upu</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Upb</td> <td style="background-color:#FF61CC">Upt</td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <hr /> Suddivisioni della tavola periodica: <a href="/wiki/Gruppo_della_tavola_periodica" title="Gruppo della tavola periodica">Gruppi</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Periodo_della_tavola_periodica" title="Periodo della tavola periodica">Periodi</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Blocco_della_tavola_periodica" title="Blocco della tavola periodica">Blocchi</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Metallo" title="Metallo">Metalli</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Metalloide" title="Metalloide">Metalloidi</a> (semimetalli)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Non_metallo" title="Non metallo">Non metalli</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Lantanoidi" title="Lantanoidi">Lantanoidi</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Attinoidi" title="Attinoidi">Attinoidi</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Superattinidi" title="Superattinidi">Superattinidi</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Unbibidi" title="Unbibidi">Unbibidi</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Elementi_transuranici" title="Elementi transuranici">Elementi transuranici</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140554510">.mw-parser-output .CdA{border:1px solid #aaa;width:100%;margin:auto;font-size:90%;padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#f2f2f2;font-weight:bold;width:20%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}</style><table class="CdA"><tbody><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Controllo_di_autorit%C3%A0" title="Aiuto:Controllo di autorità">Controllo di autorità</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Nuovo_soggettario" title="Nuovo soggettario">Thesaurus BNCF</a> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thes.bncf.firenze.sbn.it/termine.php?id=30890">30890</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85013403">sh85013403</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="tedesco">DE</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4144824-8">4144824-8</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_nazionale_di_Spagna" title="Biblioteca nazionale di Spagna">BNE</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="spagnolo">ES</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX543120">XX543120</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://datos.bne.es/resource/XX543120">(data)</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_nazionale_di_Francia" title="Biblioteca nazionale di Francia">BNF</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="francese">FR</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12218693d">cb12218693d</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12218693d">(data)</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_nazionale_di_Israele" title="Biblioteca nazionale di Israele">J9U</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr>, <abbr title="ebraico">HE</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007284771305171">987007284771305171</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_della_Dieta_nazionale_del_Giappone" title="Biblioteca della Dieta nazionale del Giappone">NDL</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr>, <abbr title="giapponese">JA</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00560614">00560614</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="noprint" style="width:100%; padding: 3px 0; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; row-gap: 4px; column-gap: 8px; box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="flex-grow: 1"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140555418">.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{width:100%;line-height:25px;border:1px solid #CCF;background-color:#F0EEFF;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#FAFAFA}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{background-color:#202122;border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#282929}}@media screen and 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