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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Scientific_assessment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Scientific_assessment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Scientific assessment</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Scientific_assessment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Alleged_practitioners" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alleged_practitioners"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Alleged practitioners</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Alleged_practitioners-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Alleged practitioners subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Alleged_practitioners-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Rosicrucianism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rosicrucianism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Rosicrucianism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rosicrucianism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ram_Bahadur_Bomjon_("Bakji")" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ram_Bahadur_Bomjon_("Bakji")"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Ram Bahadur Bomjon ("Bakji")</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ram_Bahadur_Bomjon_("Bakji")-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prahlad_Jani_("Mataji")" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prahlad_Jani_("Mataji")"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Prahlad Jani ("Mataji")</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prahlad_Jani_("Mataji")-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jasmuheen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jasmuheen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Jasmuheen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jasmuheen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Wiley_Brooks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wiley_Brooks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Wiley Brooks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wiley_Brooks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hira_Ratan_Manek" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hira_Ratan_Manek"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Hira Ratan Manek</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hira_Ratan_Manek-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ray_Maor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ray_Maor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>Ray Maor</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ray_Maor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mythology_and_religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mythology_and_religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Mythology and religion</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Mythology_and_religion-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Mythology and religion subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Mythology_and_religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Hinduism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hinduism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Hinduism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hinduism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Taoism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Taoism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Taoism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Taoism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jainism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jainism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Jainism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jainism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Works" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Works"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Works</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Works-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" 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href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breatharianismus" title="Breatharianismus – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Breatharianismus" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lichtnahrung" title="Lichtnahrung – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Lichtnahrung" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inedia" title="Inedia – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Inedia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inedio" title="Inedio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Inedio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%A9%DB%8C" title="بی‌خوراکی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بی‌خوراکی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/In%C3%A9die" title="Inédie – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Inédie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respirianesimo" title="Respirianesimo – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Respirianesimo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%A9nyev%C3%A9s" title="Fényevés – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Fényevés" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%A6%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF" title="ഇനേദിയ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഇനേദിയ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inedia" title="Inedia – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Inedia" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inedia" title="Inedia – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Inedia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/In%C3%A9dia" title="Inédia – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Inédia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inedie" title="Inedie – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Inedie" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%B4" title="Солнцеед – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Солнцеед" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inedia" title="Inedia – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Inedia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lufterianism" title="Lufterianism – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Lufterianism" data-language-autonym="Svenska" 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id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Belief that a person can live without food</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:J._Reynolds,_A_discourse_upon_prodigious_abstinence..._Wellcome_L0022587.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/J._Reynolds%2C_A_discourse_upon_prodigious_abstinence..._Wellcome_L0022587.jpg/250px-J._Reynolds%2C_A_discourse_upon_prodigious_abstinence..._Wellcome_L0022587.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/J._Reynolds%2C_A_discourse_upon_prodigious_abstinence..._Wellcome_L0022587.jpg/375px-J._Reynolds%2C_A_discourse_upon_prodigious_abstinence..._Wellcome_L0022587.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/J._Reynolds%2C_A_discourse_upon_prodigious_abstinence..._Wellcome_L0022587.jpg/500px-J._Reynolds%2C_A_discourse_upon_prodigious_abstinence..._Wellcome_L0022587.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1155" data-file-height="1525" /></a><figcaption>1669 report that claims a woman fasted for 12 months</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output 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.mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Paranormal" title="Category:Paranormal">a series</a> on the</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="font-size:175%;padding:0 0.2em 0.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Paranormal" title="Paranormal">Paranormal</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#ebebeb;;color: var(--color-base)">Main articles</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Astral_projection" title="Astral projection">Astral projection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrology" title="Astrology">Astrology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aura_(paranormal)" title="Aura (paranormal)">Aura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bilocation" title="Bilocation">Bilocation</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Breatharianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clairvoyance" title="Clairvoyance">Clairvoyance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Close_encounter" title="Close encounter">Close encounter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold_spot_(paranormal)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cold spot (paranormal)">Cold spot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crystal_gazing" title="Crystal gazing">Crystal gazing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evocation" title="Evocation">Conjuration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cryptozoology" title="Cryptozoology">Cryptozoology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spirit_possession" title="Spirit possession">Demonic possession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demonology" title="Demonology">Demonology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doppelg%C3%A4nger" title="Doppelgänger">Doppelgänger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ectoplasm_(paranormal)" title="Ectoplasm (paranormal)">Ectoplasm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_voice_phenomenon" title="Electronic voice phenomenon">Electronic voice phenomenon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exorcism" title="Exorcism">Exorcism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extrasensory_perception" title="Extrasensory perception">Extrasensory perception</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forteana" class="mw-redirect" title="Forteana">Forteana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fortune-telling" title="Fortune-telling">Fortune-telling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghost_hunting" title="Ghost hunting">Ghost hunting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_reportedly_haunted_locations" title="List of reportedly haunted locations">Haunted locations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_reportedly_haunted_locations_in_India" title="List of reportedly haunted locations in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reportedly_haunted_locations_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Reportedly haunted locations in the United Kingdom">UK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_reportedly_haunted_locations_in_the_United_States" title="List of reportedly haunted locations in the United States">US</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magic_(supernatural)" title="Magic (supernatural)">Magic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mediumship" title="Mediumship">Mediumship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miracle" title="Miracle">Miracle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occult" title="Occult">Occult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orb_(optics)#Paranormal_claims" class="mw-redirect" title="Orb (optics)">Orb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ouija" title="Ouija">Ouija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paranormal_fiction" title="Paranormal fiction">Paranormal fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paranormal_television" title="Paranormal television">Paranormal television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Precognition" title="Precognition">Precognition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preternatural" title="Preternatural">Preternatural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychic" title="Psychic">Psychic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychic_reading" title="Psychic reading">Psychic reading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychometry_(paranormal)" title="Psychometry (paranormal)">Psychometry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reincarnation" title="Reincarnation">Reincarnation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remote_viewing" title="Remote viewing">Remote viewing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Retrocognition" title="Retrocognition">Retrocognition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spirit_photography" title="Spirit photography">Spirit photography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spirit_possession" title="Spirit possession">Spirit possession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spirit_world_(Spiritualism)" title="Spirit world (Spiritualism)">Spirit world</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiritualism_(beliefs)" title="Spiritualism (beliefs)">Spiritualism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_Tape" class="mw-redirect" title="Stone Tape">Stone Tape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supernatural" title="Supernatural">Supernatural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telekinesis" title="Telekinesis">Telekinesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telepathy" title="Telepathy">Telepathy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Table-turning" title="Table-turning">Table-turning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ufology" title="Ufology">Ufology</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#ebebeb;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Skepticism" title="Skepticism">Skepticism</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cold_reading" title="Cold reading">Cold reading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committee_for_Skeptical_Inquiry" title="Committee for Skeptical Inquiry">Committee for Skeptical Inquiry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debunker" title="Debunker">Debunking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoax" title="Hoax">Hoax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Randi_Educational_Foundation" title="James Randi Educational Foundation">James Randi Educational Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magical_thinking" title="Magical thinking">Magical thinking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prizes_for_evidence_of_the_paranormal" title="List of prizes for evidence of the paranormal">Prizes for evidence of the paranormal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pseudoskepticism" title="Pseudoskepticism">Pseudoskepticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientific_literacy" title="Scientific literacy">Scientific literacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientific_skepticism" title="Scientific skepticism">Scientific skepticism</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#ebebeb;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Parapsychology" title="Parapsychology">Parapsychology</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anomalous_experiences" title="Anomalous experiences">Anomalous experiences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apparitional_experience" title="Apparitional experience">Apparitional experiences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empath" title="Empath">Empath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/False_awakening" title="False awakening">False awakening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypnosis" title="Hypnosis">Hypnosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ideomotor_phenomenon" title="Ideomotor phenomenon">Ideomotor phenomenon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Out-of-body_experience" title="Out-of-body experience">Out-of-body experiences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parapsychology" title="Parapsychology">Parapsychology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synchronicity" title="Synchronicity">Synchronicity</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#ebebeb;;color: var(--color-base)">Related</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anomalistics" title="Anomalistics">Anomalistics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argument_from_ignorance" title="Argument from ignorance">Argument from ignorance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argumentum_ad_populum" title="Argumentum ad populum">Argumentum ad populum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bandwagon_effect" title="Bandwagon effect">Bandwagon effect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Begging_the_question" title="Begging the question">Begging the question</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cognitive_dissonance" title="Cognitive dissonance">Cognitive dissonance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communal_reinforcement" title="Communal reinforcement">Communal reinforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fallacy" title="Fallacy">Fallacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falsifiability" title="Falsifiability">Falsifiability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fringe_science" title="Fringe science">Fringe science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groupthink" title="Groupthink">Groupthink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypnosis" title="Hypnosis">Hypnosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junk_science" title="Junk science">Junk science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protoscience" title="Protoscience">Protoscience</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pseudoscience" title="Pseudoscience">Pseudoscience</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientific_evidence" title="Scientific evidence">Scientific evidence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientific_method" title="Scientific method">Scientific method</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superstition" title="Superstition">Superstition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uncertainty" title="Uncertainty">Uncertainty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_legend" title="Urban legend">Urban legend</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Paranormal" title="Template:Paranormal"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Paranormal" title="Template talk:Paranormal"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Paranormal" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Paranormal"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Inedia</b> (Latin for '<a href="/wiki/Fasting" title="Fasting">fasting</a>') or <b>breatharianism</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'b' in 'buy'">b</span><span title="'r' in 'rye'">r</span><span title="/ɛ/: 'e' in 'dress'">ɛ</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/θ/: 'th' in 'thigh'">θ</span><span title="/ɛər/: 'are' in 'bare'">ɛər</span><span title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="'z' in 'zoom'">z</span><span title="/əm/: 'm' in 'rhythm'">əm</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling">breth-<span style="font-size:90%">AIR</span>-ee-ən-iz-əm</i></a>) is the claimed ability for a person to live without consuming food, and in some cases water. It is a <a href="/wiki/Pseudoscience" title="Pseudoscience">pseudoscientific</a> practice, and several adherents of these practices have died from starvation or dehydration.<sup id="cite_ref-BDA2014_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BDA2014-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BBC_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SundayTimes_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SundayTimes-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYDailyNews1_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYDailyNews1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Scientific_assessment">Scientific assessment</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inedia&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Scientific assessment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Documented studies on the physiological effects of food restriction clearly show that <a href="/wiki/Fasting" title="Fasting">fasting</a> for extended periods leads to <a href="/wiki/Starvation" title="Starvation">starvation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dehydration" title="Dehydration">dehydration</a>, and eventual death.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the absence of food intake, the body normally burns its own reserves of <a href="/wiki/Glycogen" title="Glycogen">glycogen</a>, body fat, and muscle. Breatharians claim that their bodies do not consume these reserves while fasting.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some breatharians have submitted themselves to medical testing, including a hospital's observation of Indian mystic <a href="/wiki/Prahlad_Jani" title="Prahlad Jani">Prahlad Jani</a> appearing to survive without food or water for 15 days. However, the hospital Jani attended has not published official documentation about the event.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In other cases, people have attempted to survive on sunlight alone, only to abandon the effort after losing a large percentage of their body weight.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In a handful of documented cases, individuals attempting breatharian fasting have died.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SundayTimes_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SundayTimes-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYDailyNews1_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYDailyNews1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scientific societies such as the <a href="/wiki/British_Dietetic_Association" title="British Dietetic Association">British Dietetic Association</a> strongly disadvise the breatharian diet, qualifying it as "dangerous", and stating that "the basic fact is we all need food and liquid in our diet to live."<sup id="cite_ref-BDA2014_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BDA2014-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Alleged_practitioners">Alleged practitioners</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inedia&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Alleged practitioners"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rosicrucianism">Rosicrucianism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inedia&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Rosicrucianism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The 1670 <a href="/wiki/Rosicrucianism" title="Rosicrucianism">Rosicrucian</a> text <i><a href="/wiki/Comte_de_Gabalis" title="Comte de Gabalis">Comte de Gabalis</a></i> attributed the practice to the physician and occultist <a href="/wiki/Paracelsus" title="Paracelsus">Paracelsus</a> (1493–1541) who was described as having lived "several years by taking only one-half scrupule of Solar Quintessence". In this book, it is also stated that "Paracelsus affirms that He has seen many of the Sages fast twenty years without eating anything whatsoever."<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ram_Bahadur_Bomjon_("Bakji")"><span id="Ram_Bahadur_Bomjon_.28.22Bakji.22.29"></span>Ram Bahadur Bomjon ("Bakji")</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inedia&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Ram Bahadur Bomjon ("Bakji")"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Ram_Bahadur_Bomjon" title="Ram Bahadur Bomjon">Ram Bahadur Bomjon</a> is a <a href="/wiki/Buddhism_in_Nepal" title="Buddhism in Nepal">Nepalese Buddhist</a> monk who lives as an <a href="/wiki/Asceticism" title="Asceticism">ascetic</a> in a remote area of <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a>. Bomjon appears to go for long periods of time without ingesting either food or water.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One such period was chronicled in a 2006 Discovery Channel documentary titled <i>The Boy With Divine Powers</i>, which reported that Bomjon neither moved, ate, nor drank anything during 96 hours of filming.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The documentary makers were, however, prevented from filming Bomjon continuously for that period of time.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His claims have never been objectively verified.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prahlad_Jani_("Mataji")"><span id="Prahlad_Jani_.28.22Mataji.22.29"></span>Prahlad Jani ("Mataji")</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inedia&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Prahlad Jani ("Mataji")"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Prahlad_Jani" title="Prahlad Jani">Prahlad Jani</a> was an Indian <a href="/wiki/Sadhu" title="Sadhu">sadhu</a> who claimed to have lived without food and water for more than 70 years. Doctors at Sterling Hospital investigated his claims in <a href="/wiki/Ahmedabad" title="Ahmedabad">Ahmedabad</a>, Gujarat, in 2003 and 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-Dasgupta-Hindu_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dasgupta-Hindu-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The study concluded that Prahlad Jani was able to survive under observation for ten days without food and water, and had passed no <a href="/wiki/Urine" title="Urine">urine</a> or <a href="/wiki/Feces" title="Feces">stool</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Khanna-bbc_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Khanna-bbc-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with no need for <a href="/wiki/Kidney_dialysis" title="Kidney dialysis">dialysis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Interviews with the researchers speak of strict observation and relate that round-the-clock observation was ensured by multiple <a href="/wiki/Closed-circuit_television" title="Closed-circuit television">CCTV</a> cameras. Jani was subjected to multiple medical tests.<sup id="cite_ref-DNAIndia_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DNAIndia-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The research team could not comment on his claim of having been able to survive in this way for decades. </p><p>The case has attracted criticism, both after the 2003 tests and the 2010 tests. <a href="/wiki/Sanal_Edamaruku" title="Sanal Edamaruku">Sanal Edamaruku</a>, president of the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Rationalist_Association" title="Indian Rationalist Association">Indian Rationalist Association</a>, criticized the 2010 experiment for allowing Jani to move out of a certain CCTV camera's field of view, meet devotees, and leave the sealed test room to sunbathe. Edamaruku stated that the regular gargling and bathing activities were not sufficiently monitored and accused Jani of having had some "influential protectors" who denied Edamaruku permission to inspect the project during its operation.<sup id="cite_ref-rationalistinternational1_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rationalistinternational1-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Jasmuheen">Jasmuheen</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inedia&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Jasmuheen"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Jasmuheen" title="Jasmuheen">Jasmuheen</a> (born Ellen Greve) was a prominent advocate of breatharianism in the 1990s. She said, "I can go for months and months without having anything at all other than a cup of tea. My body runs on a different kind of nourishment."<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Interviewers found her house stocked with food; Jasmuheen claimed the food was for her husband and daughter. In 1999, she volunteered to be monitored closely by the Australian television program <i><a href="/wiki/60_Minutes_(Australian_TV_program)" title="60 Minutes (Australian TV program)">60 Minutes</a></i> for one week without eating to demonstrate her methods.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Jasmuheen stated that she found it difficult on the third day of the test because the hotel room in which she was confined was located near a busy road, causing <a href="/wiki/Stress_(medicine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Stress (medicine)">stress</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pollution" title="Pollution">pollution</a> that prevented absorption of required nutrients from the air. "I asked for fresh air. Seventy per cent of my nutrients come from fresh air. I couldn’t even breathe," she said. On the third day, the test was moved to a mountainside retreat, where her condition continued to deteriorate. After Jasmuheen had fasted for four days, Berris Wink, president of the Queensland branch of the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Medical_Association" title="Australian Medical Association">Australian Medical Association</a>, urged her to stop the test.<sup id="cite_ref-Yahoo_1999_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yahoo_1999-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to Wink, Jasmuheen's pupils were dilated, her speech was slow, and she was "quite dehydrated, probably over 10%, getting up to 11%". Towards the end of the test, she said, "Her pulse is about double what it was when she started. The risks if she goes any further are kidney failure. <i>60 Minutes</i> would be culpable if they encouraged her to continue. She should stop now." The test was stopped. Wink said, "Unfortunately there are a few people who may believe what she says, and I'm sure it's only a few, but I think it's quite irresponsible for somebody to be trying to encourage others to do something that is so detrimental to their health."<sup id="cite_ref-Yahoo_1999_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yahoo_1999-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jasmuheen challenged the results of the program, saying, "Look, 6,000 people have done this around the world without any problem."<sup id="cite_ref-Bergman2006_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bergman2006-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Jasmuheen was awarded the <a href="/wiki/Bent_Spoon_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Bent Spoon Award">Bent Spoon Award</a> by <a href="/wiki/Australian_Skeptics" title="Australian Skeptics">Australian Skeptics</a> in 2000 ("presented to the perpetrator of the most preposterous piece of paranormal or pseudoscientific piffle").<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She also won the 2000 <a href="/wiki/Ig_Nobel_Prize" title="Ig Nobel Prize">Ig Nobel Prize</a> for Literature for <i>Living on Light</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jasmuheen claims that their beliefs are based on the writings and "more recent <a href="/wiki/Channelling_(mediumistic)" class="mw-redirect" title="Channelling (mediumistic)">channelled</a> material" from <a href="/wiki/St._Germain_(Theosophy)" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Germain (Theosophy)">St. Germain</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She stated that some people's <a href="/wiki/DNA" title="DNA">DNA</a> has expanded from 2 to 12 strands, to "absorb more hydrogen". When offered $30,000 to prove her claim with a blood test, she said that she did not understand the relevance as she was not referring to herself.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of 2017<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Inedia&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, five deaths had been directly linked to breatharianism as a result of Jasmuheen's publications.<sup id="cite_ref-3Deaths_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3Deaths-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-contactmuziek_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-contactmuziek-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NRC_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NRC-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jasmuheen has denied any responsibility for three of the deaths.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Wiley_Brooks">Wiley Brooks</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inedia&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Wiley Brooks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wiley Brooks (1936–2016)<sup id="cite_ref-Quacks!:_Dodgy_Doctors_and_Foolish_Fads_Throughout_History_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Quacks!:_Dodgy_Doctors_and_Foolish_Fads_Throughout_History-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was the founder of the Breatharian Institute of America. He was first introduced to the public in 1980 when he appeared on the TV show <i><a href="/wiki/That%27s_Incredible!" title="That's Incredible!">That's Incredible!</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-SeattleTimes_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SeattleTimes-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Brooks stopped teaching shortly before his death in 2016 to "devote 100% of his time on solving the problem as to why he needed to eat some type of food to keep his <a href="/wiki/Physical_body" class="mw-redirect" title="Physical body">physical body</a> alive and allow his <a href="/wiki/Subtle_body" title="Subtle body">light body</a> to manifest completely".<sup id="cite_ref-altinate_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-altinate-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Brooks claims to have found "four major deterrents" which prevented him from living without food: "people pollution", "food pollution", "air pollution", and "electro pollution".<sup id="cite_ref-altinate_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-altinate-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1983, he was reportedly observed leaving a <a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz,_California" title="Santa Cruz, California">Santa Cruz</a> <a href="/wiki/7-Eleven" title="7-Eleven">7-Eleven</a> with a <a href="/wiki/Slurpee" title="Slurpee">Slurpee</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Hot_dog" title="Hot dog">hot dog</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Twinkie" title="Twinkie">Twinkies</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He told <i><a href="/wiki/Colors_(magazine)" title="Colors (magazine)">Colors</a></i> magazine in 2003 that he periodically breaks his fasting with a <a href="/wiki/Cheeseburger" title="Cheeseburger">cheeseburger</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Cola" title="Cola">cola</a>, explaining that when he's surrounded by junk culture and <a href="/wiki/Junk_food" title="Junk food">junk food</a>, consuming them adds balance.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Brooks later claimed that "All McDonalds are constructed on properties that are protected by 5th Dimensional high energy/spiritual portals", encouraging the consumption of <a href="/wiki/Diet_Coke" title="Diet Coke">Diet Coke</a> and <a href="/wiki/McDonald%27s" title="McDonald's">McDonald's</a> Double-Quarter-Pounder/with cheese meal ("It is also acceptable to combine 2 <a href="/wiki/Quarter_Pounder" title="Quarter Pounder">quarter-pounder</a> with cheese burgers to make one double-quarter pounder if you can't get the double-quarter-pounder with cheese where you live"), and discouraging the consumption of "water of any kind".<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The idea of separate but interconnected 5D and 3D worlds was a major part of Brooks' ideology, and Brooks encouraged his followers to only eat these special 5D foods, as well as to meditate on a set of magical 5D words.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Brooks's institute has set various prices for prospective clients wishing to learn how to live without food, ranging from US$100,000 with an initial deposit of $10,000,<sup id="cite_ref-Initiation_workshops_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Initiation_workshops-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to fifty billion dollars, to be paid via bank <a href="/wiki/Wire_transfer" title="Wire transfer">wire transfer</a> with a preliminary deposit of $100,000, for a session called an "Immortality workshop".<sup id="cite_ref-Immortality_workshop_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Immortality_workshop-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A payment plan was also offered.<sup id="cite_ref-Initiation_workshops_Internet_Archive_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Initiation_workshops_Internet_Archive-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These charges were typically presented as limited time offers exclusively for billionaires.<sup id="cite_ref-Fees_via_Internet_archive_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fees_via_Internet_archive-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Initiation_workshops_through_Internet_Archive_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Initiation_workshops_through_Internet_Archive-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hira_Ratan_Manek">Hira Ratan Manek</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inedia&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Hira Ratan Manek"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hira Ratan Manek (1937–2022)<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> claimed that since 18 June 1995, he lived on water and occasionally tea, coffee, and <a href="/wiki/Buttermilk" title="Buttermilk">buttermilk</a>. Manek stated that <a href="/wiki/Sungazing" title="Sungazing">sungazing</a> was the key to his health,<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> citing <a href="/wiki/Yogi" title="Yogi">yogis</a>, ancient <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egypt" title="Ancient Egypt">Egyptians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aztec" class="mw-redirect" title="Aztec">Aztecs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maya_peoples" title="Maya peoples">Mayas</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas" title="Indigenous peoples of the Americas">Native Americans</a> as practitioners of the art.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While he and his proponents stated that medical experts confirmed his ability to draw sustenance by gazing at the Sun,<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a method which came to be known as "HRM phenomenon" (by his initials), he was caught on camera eating a big meal in a San Francisco restaurant in the 2011 documentary <i>Eat the Sun</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ray_Maor">Ray Maor</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inedia&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Ray Maor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In a television documentary produced by the Israeli television <a href="/wiki/Investigative_journalism" title="Investigative journalism">investigative show</a> <i>The Real Face</i> (פנים אמיתיות), hosted by Amnon Levy, Israeli practitioner of inedia Ray Maor (ריי מאור) appeared to survive without food or water for eight days and eight nights. According to the documentary, he was restricted to a small villa and placed under constant video surveillance, with medical supervision that included daily blood testing. The documentary claimed Maor was in good spirits throughout the experiment; that he lost 7.5 kilograms (17 lb) after eight days; that blood tests showed no change before, during or after the experiment; and that <a href="/wiki/Cardiologist" class="mw-redirect" title="Cardiologist">cardiologist</a> Ilan Kitsis from <a href="/wiki/Tel_Aviv_Sourasky_Medical_Center" title="Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center">Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center</a> was "baffled".<sup id="cite_ref-panim.nana10.co.il_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-panim.nana10.co.il-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-glz.co.il_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-glz.co.il-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mythology_and_religion">Mythology and religion</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inedia&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Mythology and religion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hinduism">Hinduism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inedia&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Hinduism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Some Hindu religious texts contain accounts of saints and hermits practising what would be called inedia, breatharianism or Sustenance through Light in modern terms. In Valmiki's <i><a href="/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana">Ramayana</a></i>, Book III, Canto VI, an account of anchorites and holy men is given, who flocked around <a href="/wiki/Rama" title="Rama">Rama</a> when he came to <a href="/wiki/%C5%9Aarabhanga" title="Śarabhanga">Śarabhanga</a>'s hermitage. These included, among others, the "...saints who live on rays which moon and daystar give" and "those ... whose food the wave of air supplies". In Canto XI of the same book, a hermit named <a href="/wiki/M%C4%81%E1%B9%87%E1%B8%8Dakar%E1%B9%87i" title="Māṇḍakarṇi">Māṇḍakarṇi</a> is mentioned: "For he, great votarist, intent – On strictest rule his stern life spent – ... – Ten thousand years on air he fed..." (English quotations are from <a href="/wiki/Ralph_T._H._Griffith" title="Ralph T. H. Griffith">Ralph T. H. Griffith</a>'s translation). </p><p><a href="/wiki/Paramahansa_Yogananda" title="Paramahansa Yogananda">Paramahansa Yogananda</a>'s 1946 book <i><a href="/wiki/Autobiography_of_a_Yogi" title="Autobiography of a Yogi">Autobiography of a Yogi</a></i> details two alleged historical examples of breatharianism, Hari Giri Bala and <a href="/wiki/Therese_Neumann" title="Therese Neumann">Therese Neumann</a>. </p><p>There are claims that <a href="/wiki/Devraha_Baba" title="Devraha Baba">Devraha Baba</a> lived without food.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Some breatharians claim that humans can be sustained solely by <i><a href="/wiki/Prana" title="Prana">prana</a></i>, the vital life force in <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a>. According to <a href="/wiki/Ayurveda" title="Ayurveda">Ayurveda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sunlight" title="Sunlight">sunlight</a> is one of the main sources of prana, and some practitioners believe that it is possible for a person to survive on sunlight alone.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Taoism">Taoism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inedia&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Taoism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Bigu_(grain_avoidance)" title="Bigu (grain avoidance)">Bigu (grain avoidance)</a> is a fasting technique with various different interpretations, from simply avoiding eating specific grains, to avoiding all grains, to eating no food at all, and drawing sustenance from gulps of air.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Jainism">Jainism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inedia&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Jainism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Fasting_in_Jainism" title="Fasting in Jainism">Fasting in Jainism</a></div> <p>There are varying types of fasts practised by followers of <a href="/wiki/Jainism" title="Jainism">Jainism</a>. Some Jain monks and laities continuously fast for months. These fasts last six months or even longer. A Jain monk, Sahaj Muni Maharaj, is said to have completed his 365-day fast on 1 May 1998.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another Jain monk Hansaratna Vijayji was said to have completed 423-day fast in 494 days in 2015. He had previously claimed to have fasted for 108 days in 2013 and for 180 days in 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several others have claimed to have fasted for six months.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Works">Works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inedia&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/In_the_Beginning_There_Was_Light" title="In the Beginning There Was Light">In the Beginning There Was Light</a></i>, a 2010 Austrian documentary on breatharianism</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Inedia_(film)" title="Inedia (film)">Inedia</a></i>, a 2024 drama film directed by <a href="/wiki/Liz_Cairns" title="Liz Cairns">Liz Cairns</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inedia&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anorexia_mirabilis" title="Anorexia mirabilis">Anorexia mirabilis</a>, Middle Ages</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fasting_girls" class="mw-redirect" title="Fasting girls">Fasting girls</a>, Victorian Era</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumbhaka" title="Kumbhaka">Kumbhaka</a>, Yoga</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diets" title="List of diets">List of diets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientific_skepticism" title="Scientific skepticism">Scientific skepticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sungazing" title="Sungazing">Sungazing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starvation_diet" class="mw-redirect" title="Starvation diet">Starvation diet</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inedia&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-BDA2014-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BDA2014_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BDA2014_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ratbags.com/rsoles/comment/jasmuheen.htm">the original</a> on 4 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 June</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Jasmuheen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ratbags.com%2Frsoles%2Fcomment%2Fjasmuheen.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Yahoo_1999-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Yahoo_1999_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Yahoo_1999_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.caic.org.au/miscult/breatharians/Fresh-air%20dietician%20fails%20TV%20show%27s%20challenge.htm">"Fresh-air dietician fails TV show's challenge"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Yahoo_News" title="Yahoo News">Yahoo News</a>. 25 October 1999. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171013013712/http://www.caic.org.au/miscult/breatharians/Fresh-air%20dietician%20fails%20TV%20show%27s%20challenge.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 13 October 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 April</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Fresh-air+dietician+fails+TV+show%27s+challenge&rft.date=1999-10-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.caic.org.au%2Fmiscult%2Fbreatharians%2FFresh-air%2520dietician%2520fails%2520TV%2520show%2527s%2520challenge.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bergman2006-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bergman2006_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBergman2006" class="citation book cs1">Bergman, Gregory (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QUVuSNM5QUQC&pg=PA32"><i>Isms: From Autoeroticism to Zoroastrianism – an Irreverent Reference</i></a>. Adams Media. p. 32. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1440517886" title="Special:BookSources/1440517886"><bdi>1440517886</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Isms%3A+From+Autoeroticism+to+Zoroastrianism+%E2%80%93+an+Irreverent+Reference&rft.pages=32&rft.pub=Adams+Media&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=1440517886&rft.aulast=Bergman&rft.aufirst=Gregory&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQUVuSNM5QUQC%26pg%3DPA32&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarris2000" class="citation news cs1">Harris, Gillian (6 April 2000). "Starvation guru given hostile reception". <i>The Times</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft.atitle=Starvation+guru+given+hostile+reception&rft.date=2000-04-06&rft.aulast=Harris&rft.aufirst=Gillian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120209101343/http://liberatapublishers.com/mysticism.htm">"Mysticism"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://liberatapublishers.com/mysticism.htm">the original</a> on 9 February 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 June</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mysticism&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fliberatapublishers.com%2Fmysticism.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050616014356/http://skeptics.com.au/spoon/2000winners.htm">"Bent Spoon 2000 – Winner (Jasmuheen)"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.skeptics.com.au/spoon/2000winners.htm">the original</a> on 16 June 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 June</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bent+Spoon+2000+%E2%80%93+Winner+%28Jasmuheen%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.skeptics.com.au%2Fspoon%2F2000winners.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110225074430/http://improb.com/ig/ig-pastwinners.html#ig2000">"The 2000 Ig Nobel Prize Winners"</a>. <i>improbable.com</i>. 5 October 2000. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.improbable.com/ig/ig-pastwinners.html#ig2000">the original</a> on 25 February 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 October</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=improbable.com&rft.atitle=The+2000+Ig+Nobel+Prize+Winners&rft.date=2000-10-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.improbable.com%2Fig%2Fig-pastwinners.html%23ig2000&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/454313.stm">"All they need is the air"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 22 September 1999. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160305092336/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/454313.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 5 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 January</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=All+they+need+is+the+air&rft.date=1999-09-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fuk_news%2F454313.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abc.net.au/science/correx/archives/jasmuheen.htm">"Correx Archives – Jasmuheen"</a>. <i>Corex</i>. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. 1997. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19980423153006/http://www.abc.net.au/science/correx/archives/jasmuheen.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 23 April 1998<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 June</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Corex&rft.atitle=Correx+Archives+%E2%80%93+Jasmuheen&rft.date=1997&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.net.au%2Fscience%2Fcorrex%2Farchives%2Fjasmuheen.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3Deaths-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3Deaths_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWalkerJudith_O'Reilly1999" class="citation news cs1">Walker, Tom; Judith O'Reilly (26 September 1999). "Three deaths linked to 'living on air' cult". <i><a href="/wiki/The_Sunday_Times_(UK)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Sunday Times (UK)">The Sunday Times</a></i>. (London).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Sunday+Times&rft.atitle=Three+deaths+linked+to+%27living+on+air%27+cult&rft.date=1999-09-26&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft.au=Judith+O%27Reilly&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.heraldsun.com.au/news/more-news/swiss-woman-starved-to-death-on-daylight-diet/story-e6frf7lf-1226339082591">"Swiss woman starves to death on daylight diet"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Herald_Sun" title="Herald Sun">Herald Sun</a></i>. 26 April 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 April</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Herald+Sun&rft.atitle=Swiss+woman+starves+to+death+on+daylight+diet&rft.date=2012-04-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.heraldsun.com.au%2Fnews%2Fmore-news%2Fswiss-woman-starved-to-death-on-daylight-diet%2Fstory-e6frf7lf-1226339082591&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInedia" class="Z3988"></span> "This was the fourth known death linked to breatharianism and Jasmuheen's books since the practice emerged in the early 90s."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-contactmuziek-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-contactmuziek_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170612223030/http://www.contactmuziek.nl/lichtvoeding.html">"Contact & Muziek: Lichtvoeding"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.contactmuziek.nl/lichtvoeding.html">the original</a> on 12 June 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 June</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Contact+%26+Muziek%3A+Lichtvoeding&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.contactmuziek.nl%2Flichtvoeding.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NRC-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NRC_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFvan_der_Veen2017" class="citation news cs1">van der Veen, Casper (12 June 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nrc.nl/nieuws/2017/06/12/om-onderzoekt-sterfgeval-in-woongroep-die-voeding-afzweert-a1562695">"OM onderzoekt sterfgeval in woongroep die voeding afzweert"</a>. <i>NRC Handelsblad</i>. Amsterdam. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210422165119/https://www.nrc.nl/nieuws/2017/06/12/om-onderzoekt-sterfgeval-in-woongroep-die-voeding-afzweert-a1562695">Archived</a> from the original on 22 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 June</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NRC+Handelsblad&rft.atitle=OM+onderzoekt+sterfgeval+in+woongroep+die+voeding+afzweert&rft.date=2017-06-12&rft.aulast=van+der+Veen&rft.aufirst=Casper&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nrc.nl%2Fnieuws%2F2017%2F06%2F12%2Fom-onderzoekt-sterfgeval-in-woongroep-die-voeding-afzweert-a1562695&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCollie2000" class="citation web cs1">Collie, Jason (29 June 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/no-food-guru-in-deaths-inquiry/LIGZDWYQBAGJPB2T3A2CAKRL4M/">"No-food guru in deaths inquiry"</a>. <i>NZ Herald</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230620092859/https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/no-food-guru-in-deaths-inquiry/LIGZDWYQBAGJPB2T3A2CAKRL4M/">Archived</a> from the original on 20 June 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NZ+Herald&rft.atitle=No-food+guru+in+deaths+inquiry&rft.date=2000-06-29&rft.aulast=Collie&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nzherald.co.nz%2Fnz%2Fno-food-guru-in-deaths-inquiry%2FLIGZDWYQBAGJPB2T3A2CAKRL4M%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Quacks!:_Dodgy_Doctors_and_Foolish_Fads_Throughout_History-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Quacks!:_Dodgy_Doctors_and_Foolish_Fads_Throughout_History_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTucker2018" class="citation book cs1">Tucker, S.D. (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9q-IDwAAQBAJ&q=%22The%20Legend%20of%20Atlantis%3A%20Return%20of%20the%20Lightmasters%22&pg=PT476"><i>Quacks!: Dodgy Doctors and Foolish Fads Throughout History</i></a>. Amberley Publishing Limited. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781445671826" title="Special:BookSources/9781445671826"><bdi>9781445671826</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Quacks%21%3A+Dodgy+Doctors+and+Foolish+Fads+Throughout+History&rft.pub=Amberley+Publishing+Limited&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=9781445671826&rft.aulast=Tucker&rft.aufirst=S.D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9q-IDwAAQBAJ%26q%3D%2522The%2520Legend%2520of%2520Atlantis%253A%2520Return%2520of%2520the%2520Lightmasters%2522%26pg%3DPT476&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBote2022" class="citation web cs1">Bote, Joshua (9 March 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sfgate.com/local/article/breatharianism-diet-cult-has-bay-area-roots-16986511.php">"The strange, sad Bay Area cult that fell apart over a pot pie"</a>. <i>SFGATE</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220310055611/https://www.sfgate.com/local/article/breatharianism-diet-cult-has-bay-area-roots-16986511.php">Archived</a> from the original on 10 March 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 July</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wiley+Brooks+website+through+Internet+Archive&rft.date=2006-02-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.breatharian.com%2FWileyBrooks-altinate.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYewell" class="citation web cs1">Yewell, John (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.metroactive.com/papers/cruz/01.05.00/nuzjunkies-0001.html">"A Year of Nüz"</a>. <i>MetroActive News & Issues</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20001003042829/http://metroactive.com/papers/cruz/01.05.00/nuzjunkies-0001.html">Archived</a> from the original on 3 October 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 June</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MetroActive+News+%26+Issues&rft.atitle=A+Year+of+N%C3%BCz&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.metroactive.com%2Fpapers%2Fcruz%2F01.05.00%2Fnuzjunkies-0001.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.metroactive.com/papers/sonoma/02.13.03/diets-0307.html">"sonoma papers"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 July</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=sonoma+papers&rft.pub=Metroactive.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.metroactive.com%2Fpapers%2Fsonoma%2F02.13.03%2Fdiets-0307.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.breatharian.com/fivemagicnames/">"The Five Sacred Names"</a>. <i>www.breatharian.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230731051446/https://www.breatharian.com/fivemagicnames/">Archived</a> from the original on 31 July 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 July</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.breatharian.com&rft.atitle=The+Five+Sacred+Names&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.breatharian.com%2Ffivemagicnames%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140522195834/http://www.breatharian.com/5wordsqa.html">"Breatharian Institute of America"</a>. <i>www.breatharian.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.breatharian.com/5wordsqa.html">the original</a> on 22 May 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 February</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IMDb&rft.atitle=Eat+the+Sun&rft.date=2011-05-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imdb.com%2Ftitle%2Ftt1424769%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStorr2013" class="citation news cs1">Storr, Will (6 May 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130508202818/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/active/10032594/The-man-who-lives-without-food.html">"The man who lives without food"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/active/10032594/The-man-who-lives-without-food.html">the original</a> on 8 May 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 February</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+man+who+lives+without+food&rft.date=2013-05-06&rft.aulast=Storr&rft.aufirst=Will&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Factive%2F10032594%2FThe-man-who-lives-without-food.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-panim.nana10.co.il-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-panim.nana10.co.il_57-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131029193411/http://panim.nana10.co.il/Article/?ArticleID=1012415">"הפנים האמיתיות של משחקי הרעב – חלק א' [The true face of The Hunger Games – Part I"</a>. <i>Real Faces – Full Episodes</i> (in Hebrew). Nana10 Ltd. 11 October 2013. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://panim.nana10.co.il/Article/?ArticleID=1012415">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(<a href="/wiki/Adobe_Flash" title="Adobe Flash">Flash</a> required)</span> on 29 October 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 October</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Real+Faces+%E2%80%93+Full+Episodes&rft.atitle=%D7%94%D7%A4%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%9D+%D7%94%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%AA%D7%99%D7%95%D7%AA+%D7%A9%D7%9C+%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%97%D7%A7%D7%99+%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%A2%D7%91+%E2%80%93+%D7%97%D7%9C%D7%A7+%D7%90%27+%5BThe+true+face+of+The+Hunger+Games+%E2%80%93+Part+I&rft.date=2013-10-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpanim.nana10.co.il%2FArticle%2F%3FArticleID%3D1012415&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_58-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131029194402/http://panim.nana10.co.il/Article/?ArticleID=1013939&sid=267">"הפנים האמיתיות של משחקי הרעב – חלק א' [The true face of The Hunger Games – Part II"</a>. <i>Real Faces – Full Episodes</i> (in Hebrew). Nana10 Ltd. 11 October 2013. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://panim.nana10.co.il/Article/?ArticleID=1013939&sid=267">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(<a href="/wiki/Adobe_Flash" title="Adobe Flash">Flash</a> required)</span> on 29 October 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 October</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Real+Faces+%E2%80%93+Full+Episodes&rft.atitle=%D7%94%D7%A4%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%9D+%D7%94%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%AA%D7%99%D7%95%D7%AA+%D7%A9%D7%9C+%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%97%D7%A7%D7%99+%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%A2%D7%91+%E2%80%93+%D7%97%D7%9C%D7%A7+%D7%90%27+%5BThe+true+face+of+The+Hunger+Games+%E2%80%93+Part+II&rft.date=2013-10-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpanim.nana10.co.il%2FArticle%2F%3FArticleID%3D1013939%26sid%3D267&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-glz.co.il-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-glz.co.il_59-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://glz.co.il/1363-28288-HE/Galatz.aspx">"האדם שלא אכל ולא שתה במשך 8 ימים [Man did not eat or drink for 8 days]"</a>. <i>IDF Radio</i> (in Hebrew). Israel Defense Forces. 20 October 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131029190624/http://glz.co.il/1363-28288-HE/Galatz.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on 29 October 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 October</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IDF+Radio&rft.atitle=%D7%94%D7%90%D7%93%D7%9D+%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%90+%D7%90%D7%9B%D7%9C+%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%90+%D7%A9%D7%AA%D7%94+%D7%91%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%9A+8+%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%9D+%5BMan+did+not+eat+or+drink+for+8+days%5D&rft.date=2013-10-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fglz.co.il%2F1363-28288-HE%2FGalatz.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaspero1981" class="citation book cs1">Maspero, Henri (1981). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/taoismchineserel00henr"><i>Taoism and Chinese Religion</i></a></span>. Translated by Kierman Jr., Frank A. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Massachusetts_Press" title="University of Massachusetts Press">University of Massachusetts Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780870233081" title="Special:BookSources/9780870233081"><bdi>9780870233081</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Taoism+and+Chinese+Religion&rft.pub=University+of+Massachusetts+Press&rft.date=1981&rft.isbn=9780870233081&rft.aulast=Maspero&rft.aufirst=Henri&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ftaoismchineserel00henr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/jainism/customs/fasting_1.shtml">"Jainism: Fasting"</a>. <i>www.bbc.co.uk – BBC – Religions</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150707200636/http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/jainism/customs/fasting_1.shtml">Archived</a> from the original on 7 July 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.bbc.co.uk+%E2%80%93+BBC+%E2%80%93+Religions&rft.atitle=Jainism%3A+Fasting&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Freligion%2Freligions%2Fjainism%2Fcustoms%2Ffasting_1.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJain2015" class="citation web cs1">Jain, Bhavika (1 November 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/Jain-monk-completes-423-days-of-fasting/articleshow/49616061.cms">"Jain monk completes 423 days of fasting"</a>. <i>The Times of India – Mumbai</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201108104823/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/Jain-monk-completes-423-days-of-fasting/articleshow/49616061.cms">Archived</a> from the original on 8 November 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India+%E2%80%93+Mumbai&rft.atitle=Jain+monk+completes+423+days+of+fasting&rft.date=2015-11-01&rft.aulast=Jain&rft.aufirst=Bhavika&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Fcity%2Fmumbai%2FJain-monk-completes-423-days-of-fasting%2Farticleshow%2F49616061.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShukla2014" class="citation web cs1">Shukla, Ashutosh M. (22 February 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-jain-sadhu-s-180-day-fasting-to-be-celebrated-1964119">"Jain Sadhu's 180-day fasting to be celebrated"</a>. <i>DNA India</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190506212920/https://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-jain-sadhu-s-180-day-fasting-to-be-celebrated-1964119">Archived</a> from the original on 6 May 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=DNA+India&rft.atitle=Jain+Sadhu%27s+180-day+fasting+to+be+celebrated&rft.date=2014-02-22&rft.aulast=Shukla&rft.aufirst=Ashutosh+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dnaindia.com%2Fmumbai%2Freport-jain-sadhu-s-180-day-fasting-to-be-celebrated-1964119&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200926193018/https://ahmedabadmirror.indiatimes.com/ahmedabad/others/bhavnagar-woman-fasts-for-180-days-cm-attends-parna/articleshow/70967777.cms">"Bhavnagar woman fasts for 180 days, CM attends parna"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Ahmedabad_Mirror" class="mw-redirect" title="Ahmedabad Mirror">Ahmedabad Mirror</a></i>. 4 September 2019. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ahmedabadmirror.indiatimes.com/ahmedabad/others/bhavnagar-woman-fasts-for-180-days-cm-attends-parna/articleshow/70967777.cms">the original</a> on 26 September 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ahmedabad+Mirror&rft.atitle=Bhavnagar+woman+fasts+for+180+days%2C+CM+attends+parna&rft.date=2019-09-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fahmedabadmirror.indiatimes.com%2Fahmedabad%2Fothers%2Fbhavnagar-woman-fasts-for-180-days-cm-attends-parna%2Farticleshow%2F70967777.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShukla2014" class="citation web cs1">Shukla, Ashutosh M. (2 March 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-family-pours-rs-21-crore-on-water-used-to-break-jain-muni-s-fast-1966099">"Family pours Rs 21 crore on water used to break Jain muni's fast"</a>. <i>DNA India</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201111202926/https://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-family-pours-rs-21-crore-on-water-used-to-break-jain-muni-s-fast-1966099">Archived</a> from the original on 11 November 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=DNA+India&rft.atitle=Family+pours+Rs+21+crore+on+water+used+to+break+Jain+muni%27s+fast&rft.date=2014-03-02&rft.aulast=Shukla&rft.aufirst=Ashutosh+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dnaindia.com%2Fmumbai%2Freport-family-pours-rs-21-crore-on-water-used-to-break-jain-muni-s-fast-1966099&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInedia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inedia&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://home.iae.nl/users/lightnet/health/breatharianslinks.htm">A 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class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Fad_diets" title="Template talk:Fad diets"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Fad_diets" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Fad diets"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Fad_diets443" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Fad_diet" title="Fad diet">Fad diets</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Food-specific diets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alkaline_diet" title="Alkaline diet">Alkaline diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banana_and_skimmed_milk_diet" class="mw-redirect" title="Banana and skimmed milk diet">Banana and skimmed milk diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabbage_soup_diet" title="Cabbage soup diet">Cabbage soup diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnivore_diet" title="Carnivore diet">Carnivore diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clean_eating" title="Clean eating">Clean eating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cookie_diet" title="Cookie diet">Cookie diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egg_and_wine_diet" title="Egg and wine diet">Egg and wine diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_combining" title="Food combining">Food combining</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beverly_Hills_Diet" title="Beverly Hills Diet">Beverly Hills Diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hay_diet" title="Hay diet">Hay diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fit_for_Life" title="Fit for Life">Fit for Life</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fruitarianism" title="Fruitarianism">Fruitarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gluten-free_diet" title="Gluten-free diet">Gluten-free diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grape_therapy" title="Grape therapy">Grape diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grapefruit_diet" title="Grapefruit diet">Grapefruit diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-protein_diet" title="High-protein diet">High-protein diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamb_chop_and_pineapple_diet" title="Lamb chop and pineapple diet">Lamb chop and pineapple diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lectin-free_diet" title="Lectin-free diet">Lectin-free diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macrobiotic_diet" title="Macrobiotic diet">Macrobiotic diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milk_diet" class="mw-redirect" title="Milk diet">Milk diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monotrophic_diet" title="Monotrophic diet">Monotrophic diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morning_banana_diet" title="Morning banana diet">Morning banana diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mucusless_Diet" class="mw-redirect" title="Mucusless Diet">Mucusless Diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mushroom_diet" title="Mushroom diet">Mushroom diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No-Aging_Diet" title="No-Aging Diet">No-Aging Diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleolithic_diet" title="Paleolithic diet">Paleolithic diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pegan_diet" class="mw-redirect" title="Pegan diet">Pegan diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potato_diet" class="mw-redirect" title="Potato diet">Potato diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raw_foodism" title="Raw foodism">Raw foodism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Raw_veganism" class="mw-redirect" title="Raw veganism">Raw veganism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhubarb_diet" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhubarb diet">Rhubarb diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superfood" title="Superfood">Superfood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uric-acid_free_diet" class="mw-redirect" title="Uric-acid free diet">Uric-acid free diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whole30" title="Whole30">Whole30</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Low-carbohydrate_diet" title="Low-carbohydrate diet">Low-carbohydrate</a> / high-fat diets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atkins_diet" title="Atkins diet">Atkins diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banting_diet" class="mw-redirect" title="Banting diet">Banting diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulletproof_diet" class="mw-redirect" title="Bulletproof diet">Bulletproof diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calories_Don%27t_Count" class="mw-redirect" title="Calories Don't Count">Calories Don't Count</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drinking_Man%27s_Diet" class="mw-redirect" title="Drinking Man's Diet">Drinking Man's Diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dukan_Diet" title="Dukan Diet">Dukan Diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eat_and_Grow_Thin" class="mw-redirect" title="Eat and Grow Thin">Eat and Grow Thin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hal_Huggins_diet" class="mw-redirect" title="Hal Huggins diet">Hal Huggins diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamptons_Diet" class="mw-redirect" title="Hamptons Diet">Hamptons Diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kimkins" title="Kimkins">Kimkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kordel_diet" class="mw-redirect" title="Kordel diet">Kordel diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montignac_diet" title="Montignac diet">Montignac diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salisbury_diet" class="mw-redirect" title="Salisbury diet">Salisbury diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scarsdale_diet" title="Scarsdale diet">Scarsdale diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slimming_for_the_Million" class="mw-redirect" title="Slimming for the Million">Slimming for the Million</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Beach_Diet" title="South Beach Diet">South Beach Diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pioppi_Diet" class="mw-redirect" title="Pioppi Diet">Pioppi Diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protein_Power" title="Protein Power">Protein Power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosedale_diet" title="Rosedale diet">Rosedale diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stillman_diet" title="Stillman diet">Stillman diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strong_Medicine_(book)" class="mw-redirect" title="Strong Medicine (book)">Strong Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sugar_Busters!" title="Sugar Busters!">Sugar Busters!</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_4-Hour_Body" title="The 4-Hour Body">The 4-Hour Body</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Cruise_Control_Diet" class="mw-redirect" title="The Cruise Control Diet">The Cruise Control Diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wahls_Protocol_Diet" class="mw-redirect" title="Wahls Protocol Diet">Wahls Protocol Diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheat_Belly_diet" class="mw-redirect" title="Wheat Belly diet">Wheat Belly diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zone_diet" title="Zone diet">Zone diet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">High-carbohydrate / <a href="/wiki/Low-fat_diet" title="Low-fat diet">low-fat diets</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Engine_2_Diet" class="mw-redirect" title="Engine 2 Diet">Engine 2 Diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F-plan" class="mw-redirect" title="F-plan">F-plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McDougall_diet" class="mw-redirect" title="McDougall diet">McDougall diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ornish_diet" class="mw-redirect" title="Ornish diet">Ornish diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nutritarian_diet" class="mw-redirect" title="Nutritarian diet">Nutritarian diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pritikin_diet" title="Pritikin diet">Pritikin diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rice_diet" title="Rice diet">Rice diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Good_Carbohydrate_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="The Good Carbohydrate Revolution">The Good Carbohydrate Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Thrive_Diet" class="mw-redirect" title="The Thrive Diet">The Thrive Diet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Detoxification_(alternative_medicine)" title="Detoxification (alternative medicine)">Detoxification</a> / <a href="/wiki/Fasting" title="Fasting">fasting</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/5:2_diet" class="mw-redirect" title="5:2 diet">5:2 diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Activated_charcoal_cleanse" title="Activated charcoal cleanse">Activated charcoal cleanse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breatharianism" class="mw-redirect" title="Breatharianism">Breatharianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breuss_diet" class="mw-redirect" title="Breuss diet">Breuss diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celery_juice_diet" class="mw-redirect" title="Celery juice diet">Celery juice diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chase_Dietary_Method" title="Chase Dietary Method">Chase Dietary Method</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detox_diet" class="mw-redirect" title="Detox diet">Detox diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dubrow_Diet" class="mw-redirect" title="Dubrow Diet">Dubrow Diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eliminating_Diet" class="mw-redirect" title="Eliminating Diet">Eliminating Diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enzyme-Catalyst_Diet" class="mw-redirect" title="Enzyme-Catalyst Diet">Enzyme-Catalyst Diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fasting_mimicking_diet" class="mw-redirect" title="Fasting mimicking diet">Fasting mimicking diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fat_Flush_Plan" class="mw-redirect" title="Fat Flush Plan">Fat Flush Plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippocrates_Diet" class="mw-redirect" title="Hippocrates Diet">Hippocrates Diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intermittent_fasting" title="Intermittent fasting">Intermittent fasting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time-restricted_feeding" class="mw-redirect" title="Time-restricted feeding">Time-restricted feeding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juice_fasting" title="Juice fasting">Juice fasting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KE_diet" title="KE diet">KE diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Master_Cleanse" title="Master Cleanse">Master Cleanse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No_Breakfast_Plan" class="mw-redirect" title="No Breakfast Plan">No Breakfast Plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orthopathy" title="Orthopathy">Orthopathy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protein-sparing_modified_fast" class="mw-redirect" title="Protein-sparing modified fast">Protein-sparing modified fast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Fast_Way_To_Health" class="mw-redirect" title="The Fast Way To Health">The Fast Way To Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Last_Chance_Diet" class="mw-redirect" title="The Last Chance Diet">The Last Chance Diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheatgrass_diet" class="mw-redirect" title="Wheatgrass diet">Wheatgrass diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wigmore_diet" class="mw-redirect" title="Wigmore diet">Wigmore diet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blood_type_diet" title="Blood type diet">Blood type diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budwig_diet" class="mw-redirect" title="Budwig diet">Budwig diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cotton_ball_diet" title="Cotton ball diet">Cotton ball diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fletcherism" class="mw-redirect" title="Fletcherism">Fletcherism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hallelujah_Diet" class="mw-redirect" title="Hallelujah Diet">Hallelujah Diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hip_and_Thigh_Diet" class="mw-redirect" title="Hip and Thigh Diet">Hip and Thigh Diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immune_Power_Diet" title="Immune Power Diet">Immune Power Diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maker%27s_Diet" class="mw-redirect" title="Maker's Diet">Maker's Diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seed_cycling" title="Seed cycling">Seed cycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sensa_(diet)" title="Sensa (diet)">Sensa diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swank_diet" title="Swank diet">Swank diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tongue_Patch_Diet" title="Tongue Patch Diet">Tongue Patch Diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Cambridge_Diet" title="The Cambridge Diet">The Cambridge Diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Very-low-calorie_diet" title="Very-low-calorie diet">Very-low-calorie diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Werewolf_diet" title="Werewolf diet">Werewolf diet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fad_diets" class="mw-redirect" title="List of fad diets">List of fad diets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_food_faddists" title="List of food faddists">List of food faddists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pseudoscience" title="Pseudoscience">Pseudoscience</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quackery" title="Quackery">Quackery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seed_oil_misinformation" title="Seed oil misinformation">Seed oil misinformation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Fad_diets" title="Category:Fad diets">Category</a></b></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Fad_diets" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Fad diets">Commons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Pseudoscience225" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Pseudoscience" title="Template:Pseudoscience"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Pseudoscience" title="Template talk:Pseudoscience"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Pseudoscience" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Pseudoscience"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Pseudoscience225" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Pseudoscience" title="Pseudoscience">Pseudoscience</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_topics_characterized_as_pseudoscience" title="List of topics characterized as pseudoscience">List of topics characterized as pseudoscience</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Terminology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cargo_cult_science" class="mw-redirect" title="Cargo cult science">Cargo cult science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlatan" title="Charlatan">Charlatan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crank_(person)" title="Crank (person)">Crank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fringe_theory" title="Fringe theory">Fringe theory</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fringe_science" title="Fringe science">Fringe science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pseudoarchaeology" title="Pseudoarchaeology">Pseudoarchaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pseudohistory" title="Pseudohistory">Pseudohistory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pseudomathematics" title="Pseudomathematics">Pseudomathematics</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junk_science" title="Junk science">Junk science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paranormal" title="Paranormal">Paranormal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pathological_science" title="Pathological science">Pathological science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quackery" title="Quackery">Quackery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snake_oil" title="Snake oil">Snake oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superseded_theories_in_science" class="mw-redirect" title="Superseded theories in science">Superseded scientific theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/True-believer_syndrome" title="True-believer syndrome">True-believer syndrome</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Voodoo_Science" title="Voodoo Science">Voodoo Science</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_topics_characterized_as_pseudoscience" title="List of topics characterized as pseudoscience">Topics <br />characterized as <br />pseudoscience</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Medicine</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acupuncture" title="Acupuncture">Acupuncture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aromatherapy" title="Aromatherapy">Aromatherapy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adrenal_fatigue" title="Adrenal fatigue">Adrenal fatigue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_medicine" title="Alternative medicine">Alternative medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthroposophic_medicine" title="Anthroposophic medicine">Anthroposophic medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Applied_kinesiology" title="Applied kinesiology">Applied kinesiology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayurveda" title="Ayurveda">Ayurveda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bates_method" title="Bates method">Bates method</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biorhythm_(pseudoscience)" title="Biorhythm (pseudoscience)">Biorhythms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloodletting" title="Bloodletting">Bloodletting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Body_memory" title="Body memory">Body memory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiropractic" title="Chiropractic">Chiropractic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chromotherapy" title="Chromotherapy">Chromotherapy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Correactology" title="Correactology">Correactology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cryonics" title="Cryonics">Cryonics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crystal_healing" title="Crystal healing">Crystal healing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cupping_therapy" title="Cupping therapy">Cupping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detoxification_(alternative_medicine)" title="Detoxification (alternative medicine)">Detoxification</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colon_cleansing" title="Colon cleansing">Colon cleansing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doctrine_of_signatures" title="Doctrine of signatures">Doctrine of signatures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doktor_Koster%27s_Antigaspills" title="Doktor Koster's Antigaspills">Doktor Koster's Antigaspills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ear_candling" title="Ear candling">Ear candling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electromagnetic_hypersensitivity" title="Electromagnetic hypersensitivity">Electromagnetic hypersensitivity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_medicine" title="Energy medicine">Energy medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fad_diet" title="Fad diet">Fad diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FasciaBlaster" title="FasciaBlaster">FasciaBlaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germ_theory_denialism" title="Germ theory denialism">Germ theory denialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HIV/AIDS_denialism" title="HIV/AIDS denialism">HIV/AIDS denialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homeopathy" title="Homeopathy">Homeopathy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humorism" title="Humorism">Humorism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iridology" title="Iridology">Iridology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leaky_gut_syndrome" title="Leaky gut syndrome">Leaky gut syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_chemicals_conspiracy_theory" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT chemicals conspiracy theory">LGBT chemicals conspiracy theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_effect" title="Lunar effect">Lunar effect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macrobiotic_diet" title="Macrobiotic diet">Macrobiotic diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnet_therapy" title="Magnet therapy">Magnet therapy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miracle_Mineral_Supplement" title="Miracle Mineral Supplement">Miracle Mineral Supplement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naturopathy" title="Naturopathy">Naturopathy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmistry" title="Palmistry">Palmistry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panchagavya" title="Panchagavya">Panchagavya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patent_medicine" title="Patent medicine">Patent medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phrenology" title="Phrenology">Phrenology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primal_therapy" title="Primal therapy">Primal therapy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radionics" title="Radionics">Radionics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reiki" title="Reiki">Reiki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_medicine" title="Traditional medicine">Traditional medicine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_medicine" title="Traditional Chinese medicine">Traditional Chinese medicine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trepanning" title="Trepanning">Trepanning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vertebral_subluxation" title="Vertebral subluxation">Vertebral subluxation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wind_turbine_syndrome" title="Wind turbine syndrome">Wind turbine syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_blood_transfusion" title="Young blood transfusion">Young blood transfusion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Social science</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2012_phenomenon" title="2012 phenomenon">2012 phenomenon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_astronauts" title="Ancient astronauts">Ancient astronauts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamal_Salibi#Arabian_Judah_theory" title="Kamal Salibi">Arabian Judah theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catastrophism" title="Catastrophism">Catastrophism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conspiracy_theory" title="Conspiracy theory">Conspiracy theory</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/5G#Misinformation_and_controversy" title="5G">5G conspiracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9/11_conspiracy_theories" title="9/11 conspiracy theories">9/11 conspiracy theories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chemtrail_conspiracy_theory" title="Chemtrail conspiracy theory">Chemtrail conspiracy theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change_denial" title="Climate change denial">Climate change denial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_misinformation" title="COVID-19 misinformation">COVID-19 misinformation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moon_landing_conspiracy_theories" title="Moon landing conspiracy theories">Moon landing conspiracy theories</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conversion_therapy" title="Conversion therapy">Conversion therapy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Generation#Generational_theory" title="Generation">Generational theory</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Generationism" title="Generationism">Generationism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strauss%E2%80%93Howe_generational_theory" title="Strauss–Howe generational theory">Strauss–Howe generational theory</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hollow_Earth" title="Hollow Earth">Hollow Earth theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigo_children" title="Indigo children">Indigo children</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japhetic_theory" title="Japhetic theory">Japhetic theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mediumship" title="Mediumship">Mediumship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazi_archaeology" title="Nazi archaeology">Nazi archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nibiru_cataclysm" title="Nibiru cataclysm">Nibiru cataclysm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parapsychology" title="Parapsychology">Parapsychology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pseudoarchaeology" title="Pseudoarchaeology">Pseudoarchaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pseudohistory" title="Pseudohistory">Pseudohistory</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Genocide_denial" title="Genocide denial">Genocide denial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_negationism" title="Historical negationism">Historical negationism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holocaust_denial" title="Holocaust denial">Holocaust denial</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pseudolaw" title="Pseudolaw">Pseudolaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recovered-memory_therapy" title="Recovered-memory therapy">Recovered-memory therapy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Past_life_regression" title="Past life regression">Past life regression</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientific_racism" title="Scientific racism">Scientific racism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aryan_race" title="Aryan race">Aryan race</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melanin_theory" title="Melanin theory">Melanin theory</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myers%E2%80%93Briggs_Type_Indicator" title="Myers–Briggs Type Indicator">Myers–Briggs Type Indicator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enneagram_of_Personality" title="Enneagram of Personality">Enneagram of Personality</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Physics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-gravity" title="Anti-gravity">Anti-gravity‎</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold_fusion" title="Cold fusion">Cold fusion‎</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faster-than-light" title="Faster-than-light">Faster-than-light travel</a>‎</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perpetual_motion" title="Perpetual motion">Perpetual motion</a>‎</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quantum_mysticism" title="Quantum mysticism">Quantum mysticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reactionless_drive" title="Reactionless drive">Reactionless drive</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dean_drive" title="Dean drive">Dean drive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EmDrive" title="EmDrive">EMDrive</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teleportation" title="Teleportation">Teleportation‎</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tractor_beam" title="Tractor beam">Tractor beam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water-fueled_car" class="mw-redirect" title="Water-fueled car">Water-fueled car</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alchemy" title="Alchemy">Alchemy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aquatic_ape_hypothesis" title="Aquatic ape hypothesis">Aquatic ape hypothesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrology" title="Astrology">Astrology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biodynamic_agriculture" title="Biodynamic agriculture">Biodynamic agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biological_transmutation" class="mw-redirect" title="Biological transmutation">Biological transmutation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creation_science" title="Creation science">Creation science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cryptozoology" title="Cryptozoology">Cryptozoology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dianetics" title="Dianetics">Dianetics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Auditing_(Scientology)" title="Auditing (Scientology)">Auditing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dowsing" title="Dowsing">Dowsing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_voice_phenomenon" title="Electronic voice phenomenon">Electronic voice phenomenon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugenics" title="Eugenics">Eugenics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Facilitated_communication" title="Facilitated communication">Facilitated communication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feng_shui" title="Feng shui">Feng shui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flat_Earth" title="Flat Earth">Flat Earth theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphology" title="Graphology">Graphology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intelligent_design" title="Intelligent design">Intelligent design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laundry_ball" title="Laundry ball">Laundry ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_attraction_(New_Thought)" title="Law of attraction (New Thought)">Law of attraction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levitation_(paranormal)" title="Levitation (paranormal)">Levitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lysenkoism" title="Lysenkoism">Lysenkoism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Numerology" title="Numerology">Numerology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orgone" title="Orgone">Orgone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polygraph" title="Polygraph">Polygraph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pseudoscientific_metrology" title="Pseudoscientific metrology">Pseudoscientific metrology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapid_prompting_method" title="Rapid prompting method">Rapid prompting method</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statement_analysis" title="Statement analysis">Statement analysis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ufology" title="Ufology">Ufology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voice_stress_analysis" title="Voice stress analysis">Voice stress analysis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_memory" title="Water memory">Water memory</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Promoters of<br />pseudoscience</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sucharit_Bhakdi" title="Sucharit Bhakdi">Sucharit Bhakdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Del_Bigtree" title="Del Bigtree">Del Bigtree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igor_and_Grichka_Bogdanoff" title="Igor and Grichka Bogdanoff">Igor and Grichka Bogdanoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brigitte_Boisselier" title="Brigitte Boisselier">Brigitte Boisselier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhonda_Byrne" title="Rhonda Byrne">Rhonda Byrne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Charroux" title="Robert Charroux">Robert Charroux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deepak_Chopra" title="Deepak Chopra">Deepak Chopra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clonaid" title="Clonaid">Clonaid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vernon_Coleman" title="Vernon Coleman">Vernon Coleman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_L._Donnelly" title="Ignatius L. Donnelly">Ignatius L. Donnelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaia,_Inc." title="Gaia, Inc.">Gaia, Inc.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Gerson" title="Max Gerson">Max Gerson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Gonzalez_(physician)" title="Nicholas Gonzalez (physician)">Nicholas Gonzalez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goop_(company)" title="Goop (company)">Goop (company)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graham_Hancock" title="Graham Hancock">Graham Hancock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Icke" title="David Icke">David Icke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Donald_Kelley" title="William Donald Kelley">William Donald Kelley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy_Jr." title="Robert F. Kennedy Jr.">Robert F. Kennedy Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corentin_Louis_Kervran" title="Corentin Louis Kervran">Corentin Louis Kervran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Light_(newspaper)" title="The Light (newspaper)">The Light (newspaper)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Lindell" title="Mike Lindell">Mike Lindell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jenny_McCarthy" title="Jenny McCarthy">Jenny McCarthy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Mercola" title="Joseph Mercola">Joseph Mercola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judy_Mikovits" title="Judy Mikovits">Judy Mikovits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Ayush" title="Ministry of Ayush">Ministry of Ayush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodor_Morell" title="Theodor Morell">Theodor Morell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Alfred_Nieper" title="Hans Alfred Nieper">Hans Alfred Nieper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mehmet_Oz" title="Mehmet Oz">Mehmet Oz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ra%C3%ABl" title="Raël">Raël</a> (<a href="/wiki/Claude_Vorilhon" class="mw-redirect" title="Claude Vorilhon">Claude Vorilhon</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robby_Starbuck" title="Robby Starbuck">Robby Starbuck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randolph_Stone" title="Randolph Stone">Randolph Stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Joseph_Watson" title="Paul Joseph Watson">Paul Joseph Watson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Wakefield" title="Andrew Wakefield">Andrew Wakefield</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bogdanov_affair" title="Bogdanov affair">Bogdanov affair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bourgeois_pseudoscience" title="Bourgeois pseudoscience">Bourgeois pseudoscience</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demarcation_problem" title="Demarcation problem">Demarcation problem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientific_method" title="Scientific method">Scientific method</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suppressed_research_in_the_Soviet_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Suppressed research in the Soviet Union">Suppressed research in the Soviet Union</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Resources</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Committee_for_Skeptical_Inquiry" title="Committee for Skeptical Inquiry">Committee for Skeptical Inquiry</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cults_of_Unreason" title="Cults of Unreason">Cults of Unreason</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/An_Encyclopedia_of_Claims,_Frauds,_and_Hoaxes_of_the_Occult_and_Supernatural" title="An Encyclopedia of Claims, Frauds, and Hoaxes of the Occult and Supernatural">An Encyclopedia of Claims, Frauds, and Hoaxes of the Occult and Supernatural</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fads_and_Fallacies_in_the_Name_of_Science" title="Fads and Fallacies in the Name of Science">Fads and Fallacies in the Name of Science</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fortean_Times" title="Fortean Times">Fortean Times</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Randi_Educational_Foundation" title="James Randi Educational Foundation">James Randi Educational Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quackwatch" title="Quackwatch">Quackwatch</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Skeptical_Inquirer" title="Skeptical Inquirer">Skeptical Inquirer</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Demon-Haunted_World" title="The Demon-Haunted World">The Demon-Haunted World</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Natural_History_of_Quackery" class="mw-redirect" title="The Natural History of Quackery">The Natural History of Quackery</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Psychology_of_the_Occult" title="The Psychology of the Occult">The Psychology of the Occult</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Ragged_Edge_of_Science" title="The Ragged Edge of Science">The Ragged Edge of Science</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Skeptic_Encyclopedia_of_Pseudoscience" title="The Skeptic Encyclopedia of Pseudoscience">The Skeptic Encyclopedia of Pseudoscience</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Skeptic%27s_Dictionary" title="The Skeptic's Dictionary">The Skeptic's Dictionary</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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