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id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Obsah</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">presunúť do postranného panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skryť</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Začiatok</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Štruktúra" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Štruktúra"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Štruktúra</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Štruktúra-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Přepnout podsekci Štruktúra</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Štruktúra-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Karboxylové_kyseliny" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Karboxylové_kyseliny"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Karboxylové kyseliny</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Karboxylové_kyseliny-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Alkoholy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alkoholy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Alkoholy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alkoholy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fyzikálne_vlastnosti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fyzikálne_vlastnosti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Fyzikálne vlastnosti</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Fyzikálne_vlastnosti-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Přepnout podsekci Fyzikálne vlastnosti</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Fyzikálne_vlastnosti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Hydrofobicita" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hydrofobicita"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Hydrofobicita</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hydrofobicita-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Micelácia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Micelácia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Micelácia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Micelácia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Funkcia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Funkcia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Funkcia</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Funkcia-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Přepnout podsekci Funkcia</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Funkcia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Štruktúrna_funkcia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Štruktúrna_funkcia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Štruktúrna funkcia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Štruktúrna_funkcia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Metabolická_funkcia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Metabolická_funkcia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Metabolická funkcia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Metabolická_funkcia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jednoduché_lipidy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jednoduché_lipidy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Jednoduché lipidy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Jednoduché_lipidy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Přepnout podsekci Jednoduché lipidy</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Jednoduché_lipidy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Reakcie_jednoduchých_lipidov" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reakcie_jednoduchých_lipidov"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Reakcie jednoduchých lipidov</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reakcie_jednoduchých_lipidov-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Oxidácia_lipidov" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oxidácia_lipidov"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.1</span> <span>Oxidácia lipidov</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Oxidácia_lipidov-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Adícia_lipidov" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Adícia_lipidov"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.2</span> <span>Adícia lipidov</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Adícia_lipidov-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hydrolýza_lipidov" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hydrolýza_lipidov"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.3</span> <span>Hydrolýza lipidov</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hydrolýza_lipidov-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zložené_lipidy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zložené_lipidy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Zložené lipidy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zložené_lipidy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Metabolizmus_lipidov" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Metabolizmus_lipidov"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Metabolizmus lipidov</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Metabolizmus_lipidov-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Izoprenoidné_lipidy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Izoprenoidné_lipidy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Izoprenoidné lipidy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Izoprenoidné_lipidy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Iné_projekty" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iné_projekty"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Iné projekty</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iné_projekty-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Obsah" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Prepnúť obsah" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Prepnúť obsah</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Lipid</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Prejsť na článok v inom jazyku. Je dostupný v 112 jazykoch" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-112" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">112 jazykov</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipied" title="Lipied – afrikánčina" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Lipied" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipide" title="Lipide – nemčina (švajčiarska)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Lipide" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="nemčina (švajčiarska)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipido" title="Lipido – aragónčina" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Lipido" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragónčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF" title="ليبيد – arabčina" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ليبيد" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%BE%D9%8A%D8%AF" title="ليپيد – arabština (marocká)" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="ليپيد" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="arabština (marocká)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1" title="লিপিড – ásamčina" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="লিপিড" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="ásamčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADpidu" title="Lípidu – astúrčina" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Lípidu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="astúrčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipidl%C9%99r" title="Lipidlər – azerbajdžančina" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Lipidlər" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdžančina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%AF" title="لیپید – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="لیپید" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Липидтар – baškirčina" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Липидтар" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baškirčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid%C4%81" title="Lipidā – žemaitština" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Lipidā" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="žemaitština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid" title="Lipid – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Lipid" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%96%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%8B" title="Ліпіды – bieloruština" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Ліпіды" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bieloruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%96%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%8B" title="Ліпіды – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Ліпіды" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Липид – bulharčina" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Липид" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulharčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1" title="লিপিড – bengálčina" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="লিপিড" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengálčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid" title="Lipid – bretónčina" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Lipid" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretónčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipidi" title="Lipidi – bosniačtina" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Lipidi" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniačtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADpid" title="Lípid – katalánčina" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Lípid" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid" title="Lipid – cebuánčina" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Lipid" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%AF" title="لیپید – kurdčina (sorání)" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="لیپید" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurdčina (sorání)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipidy" title="Lipidy – čeština" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Lipidy" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="čeština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid" title="Lipid – waleština" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Lipid" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="waleština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid" title="Lipid – dánčina" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Lipid" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipide" title="Lipide – nemčina" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Lipide" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="nemčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%8A%DE%AC%DE%93%DE%B0" title="ފެޓް – maldivčina" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ފެޓް" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="maldivčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9B%CE%B9%CF%80%CE%AF%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BF" title="Λιπίδιο – gréčtina" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Λιπίδιο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="gréčtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid" title="Lipid – angličtina" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Lipid" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angličtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipido" title="Lipido – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Lipido" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADpido" title="Lípido – španielčina" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Lípido" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španielčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipiidid" title="Lipiidid – estónčina" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Lipiidid" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estónčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipido" title="Lipido – baskičtina" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Lipido" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskičtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADpiu" title="Lípiu – extremadurština" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Lípiu" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="extremadurština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%AF" title="لیپید – perzština" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="لیپید" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipidi" title="Lipidi – fínčina" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Lipidi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="fínčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid" title="Lipid – fidžijčina" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Lipid" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="fidžijčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipide" title="Lipide – francúzština" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Lipide" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francúzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid%C3%AD" title="Lipidí – írčina" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Lipidí" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="írčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobrý článok"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADpido" title="Lípido – galícijčina" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Lípido" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galícijčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%93" title="ליפיד – hebrejčina" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ליפיד" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A1" title="लिपिड – hindčina" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="लिपिड" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid" title="Lipid – hindština (Fidži)" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Lipid" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="hindština (Fidži)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipidi" title="Lipidi – chorvátčina" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Lipidi" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="chorvátčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid" title="Lipid – haitská kreolčina" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Lipid" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitská kreolčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipidek" title="Lipidek – maďarčina" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Lipidek" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maďarčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D5%AB%D5%BA%D5%AB%D5%A4" title="Լիպիդ – arménčina" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Լիպիդ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipido" title="Lipido – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Lipido" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipida" title="Lipida – indonézština" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Lipida" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonézština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fita" title="Fita – islandčina" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Fita" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipidi" title="Lipidi – taliančina" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lipidi" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="taliančina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%84%82%E8%B3%AA" title="脂質 – japončina" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="脂質" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japončina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gajih" title="Gajih – jávčina" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Gajih" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="jávčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%9E%E1%83%98%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="ლიპიდები – gruzínčina" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ლიპიდები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzínčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Липидтер – kazaština" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Липидтер" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazaština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A7%80%EC%A7%88_(%EC%83%9D%EB%AC%BC%ED%95%99)" title="지질 (생물학) – kórejčina" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="지질 (생물학)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="kórejčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%AEp%C3%AEd" title="Lîpîd – kurdčina" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Lîpîd" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid" title="Lipid – kornčina" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Lipid" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="kornčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Липид – kirgizština" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Липид" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgizština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipidum" title="Lipidum – latinčina" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Lipidum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latinčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid" title="Lipid – luxemburčina" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Lipid" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid" title="Lipid – lombardština" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Lipid" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BB%84%E0%BA%82%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%99" title="ໄຂມັນ – laoština" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ໄຂມັນ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="laoština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipidai" title="Lipidai – litovčina" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Lipidai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litovčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lip%C4%ABdi" title="Lipīdi – lotyština" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Lipīdi" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lotyština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipida" title="Lipida – malgaština" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Lipida" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Липид – macedónčina" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Липид" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedónčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D" title="ലിപ്പിഡ് – malajálamčina" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ലിപ്പിഡ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajálamčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid" title="Lipid – malajčina" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Lipid" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid" title="Lipid – dolná nemčina" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Lipid" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="dolná nemčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipide" title="Lipide – holandčina" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Lipide" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="holandčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid" title="Lipid – nórčina (nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Lipid" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nórčina (nynorsk)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid" title="Lipid – nórčina (bokmal)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Lipid" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="nórčina (bokmal)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid" title="Lipid – okcitánčina" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Lipid" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okcitánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suuphana" title="Suuphana – oromčina" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Suuphana" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%B8%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%A8%E0%AD%87%E0%AC%B9%E0%AC%B8%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%B0" title="ସ୍ନେହସାର – uríjčina" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ସ୍ନେହସାର" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="uríjčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BE" title="ਵਸਾ – pandžábčina" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਵਸਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pandžábčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid" title="Lipid – kapampangančina" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Lipid" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="kapampangančina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipidy" title="Lipidy – poľština" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Lipidy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poľština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%BE%DA%88" title="لپڈ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="لپڈ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%BA%D9%88%DA%93" title="غوړ – paštčina" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="غوړ" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paštčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADpido" title="Lípido – portugalčina" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Lípido" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid%C4%83" title="Lipidă – rumunčina" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Lipidă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%8B" title="Липиды – ruština" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Липиды" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%96%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%8B" title="Ліпіды – rusínština" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Ліпіды" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="rusínština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80" title="Липииттэр – jakutčina" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Липииттэр" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="jakutčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipidi" title="Lipidi – sicílčina" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Lipidi" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicílčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid" title="Lipid – škótčina" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Lipid" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="škótčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipidi" title="Lipidi – srbochorvátčina" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Lipidi" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srbochorvátčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%A9" title="ලිපිඩ – sinhalčina" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ලිපිඩ" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="sinhalčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid" title="Lipid – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Lipid" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="najlepší článok"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid" title="Lipid – slovinčina" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Lipid" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovinčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baruur" title="Baruur – somálčina" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Baruur" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somálčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipidet" title="Lipidet – albánčina" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Lipidet" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Липид – srbčina" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Липид" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srbčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid" title="Lipid – sundčina" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Lipid" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid" title="Lipid – švédčina" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Lipid" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švédčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipidi" title="Lipidi – swahilčina" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Lipidi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahilčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="கொழுமியம் – tamilčina" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கொழுமியம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8A%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%81_%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A7%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81" title="కొవ్వు పదార్ధాలు – telugčina" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="కొవ్వు పదార్ధాలు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%94" title="ลิพิด – thajčina" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ลิพิด" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thajčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipido" title="Lipido – tagalčina" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Lipido" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipit" title="Lipit – turečtina" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Lipit" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%96%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Ліпіди – ukrajinčina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ліпіди" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%AD%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="شحمیات – urdčina" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="شحمیات" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipidlar" title="Lipidlar – uzbečtina" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Lipidlar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipidi" title="Lipidi – benátština" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Lipidi" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="benátština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid" title="Lipid – vietnamčina" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Lipid" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipido" title="Lipido – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Lipido" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%84%82%E7%B1%BB" title="脂类 – čínština (wu)" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="脂类" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="čínština (wu)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%93" title="ליפיד – jidiš" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="ליפיד" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jidiš" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%84%82%E9%A1%9E" title="脂類 – čínština" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="脂類" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="čínština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%84%82" title="脂 – kantončina" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="脂" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantončina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11367#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Upraviť medzijazykové odkazy" class="wbc-editpage">Upraviť odkazy</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Menné priestory"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Lipid" title="Zobraziť obsah stránky [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Stránka</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskusia:Lipid" rel="discussion" title="Diskusia o obsahu stránky [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskusia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Změnit variantu jazyka" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">slovenčina</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Zobrazenia"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Lipid"><span>Čítať</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lipid&veaction=edit" title="Upraviť túto stránku [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Upraviť</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lipid&action=edit" title="Upraviť zdrojový kód tejto stránky [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Upraviť zdroj</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lipid&action=history" title="Minulé revízie tejto stránky. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Zobraziť históriu</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Nástroje stránky"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Nástroje" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Nástroje</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Nástroje</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">presunúť do postranného panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">skryť</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Další možnosti" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Akcie </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Lipid"><span>Čítať</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lipid&veaction=edit" title="Upraviť túto stránku [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Upraviť</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lipid&action=edit" title="Upraviť zdrojový kód tejto stránky [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Upraviť zdroj</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lipid&action=history"><span>Zobraziť históriu</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Všeobecné </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:%C4%8CoOdkazujeSem/Lipid" title="Zoznam všetkých wiki stránok, ktoré sem odkazujú [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Odkazy na túto stránku</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:S%C3%BAvisiacePosledn%C3%A9%C3%9Apravy/Lipid" rel="nofollow" title="Posledné úpravy na stránkach, na ktoré odkazuje táto stránka [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Súvisiace úpravy</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=sk" title="Nahranie súborov [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Nahrať súbor</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lneStr%C3%A1nky" title="Zoznam všetkých špeciálnych stránok [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Špeciálne stránky</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lipid&oldid=7819991" title="Trvalý odkaz na túto verziu stránky"><span>Trvalý odkaz</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lipid&action=info" title="Viac informácií o tejto stránke"><span>Informácie o stránke</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:Citova%C5%A5&page=Lipid&id=7819991&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informácie ako citovať túto stránku"><span>Citovať túto stránku</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsk.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FLipid"><span>Získať skrátené URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsk.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FLipid"><span>Stiahnuť QR kód</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tlačiť/exportovať </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:Knihy&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Lipid"><span>Vytvoriť knihu</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:DownloadAsPdf&page=Lipid&action=show-download-screen"><span>Stiahnuť ako PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lipid&printable=yes" title="Verzia tejto stránky pre tlač [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Verzia pre tlač</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> V iných projektoch </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Lipids" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia 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href="/w/index.php?title=Lipidy&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Lipidy">Lipidy</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sk" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Frame"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:Phospholipid_structure.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f6/Phospholipid_structure.png" decoding="async" width="228" height="305" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="228" data-file-height="305" /></a><figcaption><b>Figure 1:</b> Štruktúra lipidu. Mnoho lipidov obsahuje polárnu časť (<span style="color:#AA0000">P</span>) a nepolárnu časť (<span style="color:#0000AA">U</span>). Obrázok naľavo je zväčšenina pravého obrázku.</figcaption></figure> <div id="Vorlage_BK" class="toccolours" style="border-width:0 0 1px 0; text-align: left; font-size: 95%; vertical-align: middle; margin-bottom: 0.5em;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:Disambig.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Symbol rozcestia"><img alt="Symbol rozcestia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Disambig.svg/20px-Disambig.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Disambig.svg/30px-Disambig.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Disambig.svg/40px-Disambig.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="230" data-file-height="183" /></a></span> O iných významoch výrazu <i>tuky</i> pozri <i><a href="/wiki/Tuk" class="mw-disambig" title="Tuk">tuk</a></i>.</div> <p><b>Lipidy</b> (z gréc. slova <i>lipos</i> – tuk) alebo <b>tuky</b> (v najširšom zmysle) sú látky rastlinného alebo živočíšneho pôvodu, málo rozpustné alebo nerozpustné vo <a href="/wiki/Voda" title="Voda">vode</a>. Lipidy sú <a href="/wiki/Ester_(chemick%C3%A1_zl%C3%BA%C4%8Denina)" title="Ester (chemická zlúčenina)">estery</a> vyšších karboxylových kyselín (nasýtených alebo nenasýtených) a <a href="/wiki/Alkohol" class="mw-disambig" title="Alkohol">alkoholov</a>, respektíve ich derivátov. Patria do skupiny nepolárnych <a href="/wiki/Molekula" title="Molekula">molekúl</a> biogénneho pôvodu. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Štruktúra"><span id=".C5.A0trukt.C3.BAra"></span>Štruktúra</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lipid&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Upraviť sekciu: Štruktúra" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lipid&action=edit&section=1" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Štruktúra"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Z biochemického hľadiska sú lipidy estery (prípadne zložené amidy) vyšších karboxylových kyselín (mastných kyselín) a alkoholov. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Karboxylové_kyseliny"><span id="Karboxylov.C3.A9_kyseliny"></span>Karboxylové kyseliny</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lipid&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Upraviť sekciu: Karboxylové kyseliny" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lipid&action=edit&section=2" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Karboxylové kyseliny"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nepolárnou zložkou lipidov sú vyššie <a href="/wiki/Karboxylov%C3%A1_kyselina" title="Karboxylová kyselina">monokarboxylové kyseliny</a>. Môžu to byť </p> <ol><li>alifatické nasýtené karboxylové kyseliny (zdrojom sú živočíšne tuky) <ul><li>s lineárnym reťazcom (<code>CH<sub>3</sub>-(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub><i>n</i></sub>-COO<sup>−</sup></code>)</li> <li>s rozvetveným reťazcom (napríklad <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kyselina_izoval%C3%A9rov%C3%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kyselina izovalérová (stránka neexistuje)">kyselina izovalérová</a> <code>(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>CH-CH<sub>2</sub>-COO<sup>−</sup></code>)</li></ul></li> <li>alifatické nenasýtené karboxylové kyseliny <ul><li>s jednou dvojitou väzbou (kys. palmitoolejová)</li> <li>s dvomi dvojitými väzbami (kys. linolová)</li></ul></li> <li>aromatické karboxylové kyseliny (kys. hydrokarpová)</li> <li>hydroxykarboxylové kyseliny (kys. ricínoolejová)</li></ol> <p>Najčastejšie sú to alifatické kyseliny s lineárnym reťazcom s párnym počtom atómov uhlíka – so 14 až 24 atómami. To je spôsobené tým, že sa v organizme syntetizujú pridávaním dvojuhlíkatých <a href="/wiki/Kyselina_octov%C3%A1" title="Kyselina octová">acetylových</a> jednotiek, ktoré sa prenášajú v podobe acetylkoenzýmu A. </p><p>Alifatické nenasýtené kyseliny v lipidoch mávajú 1 až 4 dvojité väzby, všetky v <i>cis</i>-konfigurácii. Dvojité väzby nie sú konjugované. </p><p>Telo je schopné si neesenciálne mastné kyseliny syntetizovať, ale esenciálne mastné kyseliny (nenasýtené mastné kyseliny) musí prijímať v potrave. Preto sa niekedy esenciálne mastné kyseliny označujú ako <a href="/wiki/Vitam%C3%ADn" title="Vitamín">vitamíny</a> F. </p><p>Pôsobením tepla, svetla, vzduchu, prípadne mikroorganizmov sa tuky rozkladajú, vznikajú aldehydy, ketóny a kyseliny s menším počtom uhlíkov v reťazci molekúl. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alkoholy">Alkoholy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lipid&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Upraviť sekciu: Alkoholy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lipid&action=edit&section=3" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Alkoholy"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><i>Hlavný článok, pozri <a href="/wiki/Alkohol" class="mw-disambig" title="Alkohol">Alkohol</a>.</i></dd></dl> <p>Alkoholy najčastejšie prítomné v lipidoch sú: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glycerol" title="Glycerol">glycerol</a> (C<sub>3</sub>)</li> <li>cetylalkohol (C<sub>16</sub>)</li> <li>cerylalkohol (C<sub>26</sub>)</li> <li>melissylalkohol (C<sub>30</sub>)</li> <li>sfingozín (C<sub>18</sub>)</li></ul> <p><b>Glycerol.</b> Najjednoduchšie lipidy (tuky) sú estery vyšších mastných kyselín s glycerolom (1,2,3–propántriol), nazývajú sa preto aj acylglyceroly. Keďže ide o trojsýtny alkohol, môže viazať tri acyly (teda zvyšky karboxylových kyselín), takže vzniká mono-, di- alebo triacylglycerol. V prípade zložitejších lipidov to môže byť fosforylovaný glycerol (fosfoglycerol, glycerolfosfát). </p><p><b>Sfingozín</b> je nenasýtený aminoalkohol odvodený od oktadekánu. Na amino skupinu v polohe 2 môže byť amidovou väzbou naviazaný zvyšok vyššej mastnej kyseliny (vzniknutý amid sa nazýva ceramid). Na hydroxy skupinu v polohe 1 sa môžu viazať polárne skupiny, čím vznikajú dôležité súčasti lipidových dvojvrstiev – sfingolipidy. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fyzikálne_vlastnosti"><span id="Fyzik.C3.A1lne_vlastnosti"></span>Fyzikálne vlastnosti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lipid&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Upraviť sekciu: Fyzikálne vlastnosti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lipid&action=edit&section=4" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Fyzikálne vlastnosti"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Čisté lipidy sú bezfarebné látky bez chuti a zápachu. Ich vlastnosti ovplyvňujú vyššie mastné kyseliny. Lipidy s nasýtenými mastnými kyselinami majú väčšiu teplotu topenia a väčšiu stabilitu. Vyplýva to hlavne z neprítomnosti dvojitých väzieb v molekulách mastných kyselín a teda v nižšej reaktivite daných molekúl. Naopak, pri lipidoch obsahujúcich v molekulách nenasýtené vyššie mastné kyseliny sa zvyšuje reaktivita molekuly v mieste dvojitej väzby a tým sa znižuje stabilita a teplota topenia. Vplyv má aj poloha dvojitej väzby, t. j. čím je poloha dvojitej väzby bližšie ku karboxylovej skupine, tým majú lipidy nižšiu teplotu topenia a sú menej stabilné. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hydrofobicita">Hydrofobicita</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lipid&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Upraviť sekciu: Hydrofobicita" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lipid&action=edit&section=5" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Hydrofobicita"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lipidy sú hydrofóbne (odpudzujú vodu) a sú vo vode nerozpustné. Príčinou je prítomnosť veľkých nepolárnych alifatických reťazcov vyšších mastných kyselín. Sú preto dobre rozpustné v nepolárnych organických rozpúšťadlách ako <a href="/wiki/Chloroform" class="mw-redirect" title="Chloroform">chloroform</a>, <a href="/wiki/Etyl%C3%A9ter" class="mw-redirect" title="Etyléter">éter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Benz%C3%A9n" title="Benzén">benzén</a>, <a href="/wiki/Acet%C3%B3n" title="Acetón">acetón</a> a pod. </p><p>Zložitejšie lipidy môžu byť amfifilné molekuly. Nepolárne acylové zvyšky sú hydrofóbne, ale ďalšia zložka viazaná estericky na glycerol (napr. aminoalkohol cholín) je hydrofilná a teda vzniká časť hydrofóbna a časť hydrofilná. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Micelácia"><span id="Micel.C3.A1cia"></span>Micelácia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lipid&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Upraviť sekciu: Micelácia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lipid&action=edit&section=6" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Micelácia"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pri suspenzii vo vodnom prostredí vytvárajú lipidy <a href="/wiki/Koloid" class="mw-disambig" title="Koloid">koloidy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Micela" title="Micela">micely</a> alebo lipidické dvojvrstvy. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Funkcia">Funkcia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lipid&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Upraviť sekciu: Funkcia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lipid&action=edit&section=7" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Funkcia"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sú dôležitou súčasťou <a href="/wiki/Bunka" title="Bunka">buniek</a>, nachádzajú sa najmä v bunkových membránach a nervových tkanivách. Lipoproteíny sú dôležitou stavebnou zložkou bunky, pomocou nich sa uskutočňuje transport prakticky všetkých lipidov v organizme. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Štruktúrna_funkcia"><span id=".C5.A0trukt.C3.BArna_funkcia"></span>Štruktúrna funkcia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lipid&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Upraviť sekciu: Štruktúrna funkcia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lipid&action=edit&section=8" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Štruktúrna funkcia"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>sú zložkou biologických <a href="/wiki/Membr%C3%A1na" class="mw-disambig" title="Membrána">membrán</a></li> <li>ochrana niektorých <a href="/wiki/Org%C3%A1n" class="mw-disambig" title="Orgán">orgánov</a> (obalením tukom) pred mechanickým poškodením</li> <li>nevyhnutné pre prenos <a href="/wiki/Nerv" title="Nerv">nervových</a> vzruchov (nervové tkanivo obsahuje 40% lipidov)</li> <li>vytvára <a href="/w/index.php?title=Podko%C5%BEn%C3%BD_tuk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Podkožný tuk (stránka neexistuje)">podkožný tuk</a> ktorý plní funkciu tepelnej izolácie</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Metabolická_funkcia"><span id="Metabolick.C3.A1_funkcia"></span>Metabolická funkcia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lipid&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Upraviť sekciu: Metabolická funkcia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lipid&action=edit&section=9" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Metabolická funkcia"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>sú rozpúšťadlom biologicky významných nepolárnych látok – <a href="/wiki/Vitam%C3%ADn" title="Vitamín">vitamínov</a> (A, D, E, K), <a href="/wiki/Horm%C3%B3n" title="Hormón">hormónov</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lie%C4%8Divo" title="Liečivo">liečiv</a> a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Farbivo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Farbivo (stránka neexistuje)">farbív</a></li> <li>sú zásobnou látkou – pri oxidácii karboxylových kyselín uvoľnených z triacylglycerolu sa tvorí ATP – <a href="/wiki/Adenoz%C3%ADntrifosf%C3%A1t" title="Adenozíntrifosfát">adenozíntrifosfát</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Jednoduché_lipidy"><span id="Jednoduch.C3.A9_lipidy"></span>Jednoduché lipidy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lipid&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Upraviť sekciu: Jednoduché lipidy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lipid&action=edit&section=10" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Jednoduché lipidy"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:Monoacylglycerin.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Monoacylglycerin.svg/122px-Monoacylglycerin.svg.png" decoding="async" width="122" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Monoacylglycerin.svg/183px-Monoacylglycerin.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Monoacylglycerin.svg/244px-Monoacylglycerin.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="238" data-file-height="117" /></a><figcaption>Schéma jednoduchého lipidu: <i>1-acylglycerol</i>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Sú estery vyšších karboxylových kyselín, ktoré okrem <a href="/wiki/Karboxylov%C3%A1_kyselina" title="Karboxylová kyselina">kyseliny</a> a <a href="/wiki/Alkohol" class="mw-disambig" title="Alkohol">alkoholu</a> neobsahujú ďalšiu zložku. </p><p>Podľa prítomnosti alkoholovej zložky sa jednoduché estery delia na: </p> <ul><li>acylglyceroly - zlúčeniny glycerolu a mastnej kyseliny <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tuky" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Tuky">tuky</a> - zlúčeniny glycerolu a nasýtených mastných kyselín</li> <li>oleje - zlúčeniny glycerolu a nenasýtených mastných kyselín</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vosk" title="Vosk">vosky</a>(<a href="/wiki/Cerid" class="mw-redirect" title="Cerid">ceridy</a>) - zlúčeniny vyššieho jednosýtneho alkoholu a mastnej kyseliny</li></ul> <p>Príjímajú sa v potrave v podobe acylglycerolov. Vo svojej molekule môžu obsahovať sterol, ktorý s vyššou karboxylovou kyselinou tvorí acylcholesterol. Jednoduché lipidy obsahujú esterickú väzbu -O-CO-, ktorá sa nachádza v esteroch a vzniká reakciou alkoholu s karboxylovou kyselinou. Ak sa na esterifikácii zúčastňuje len jeden typ karboxylovej kyseliny, vznikajú jednoduché acylglyceroly. Zmiešané acylglyceroly vznikajú reakciou rôznych karboxylových kyselín. </p><p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reakcie_jednoduchých_lipidov"><span id="Reakcie_jednoduch.C3.BDch_lipidov"></span>Reakcie jednoduchých lipidov</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lipid&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Upraviť sekciu: Reakcie jednoduchých lipidov" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lipid&action=edit&section=11" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Reakcie jednoduchých lipidov"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Oxidácia_lipidov"><span id="Oxid.C3.A1cia_lipidov"></span>Oxidácia lipidov</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lipid&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Upraviť sekciu: Oxidácia lipidov" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lipid&action=edit&section=12" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Oxidácia lipidov"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>oxidačná reakcia na dvojitých väzbách nenasýtených karboxylových kyselín spôsobí štiepenie uhľovodíkového reťazca za vzniku <a href="/wiki/Aldehyd" title="Aldehyd">aldehydov</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ket%C3%B3n" title="Ketón">ketónov</a> a nižších karboxylových kyselín, čo sa prejaví žltnutím tukov (staré maslo) a následným zápachom</li> <li>žltnutie tukov je negatívnou vlastnosťou lipidov a je spôsobené účinkom <a href="/wiki/Bakt%C3%A9ria" class="mw-redirect" title="Baktéria">baktérii</a> a <a href="/wiki/Kysl%C3%ADk" title="Kyslík">kyslíka</a> v teplom a vlhkom prostredí</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Adícia_lipidov"><span id="Ad.C3.ADcia_lipidov"></span>Adícia lipidov</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lipid&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Upraviť sekciu: Adícia lipidov" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lipid&action=edit&section=13" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Adícia lipidov"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>adíciou <a href="/wiki/Vod%C3%ADk" title="Vodík">vodíka</a> (katalytická hydrogenácia karboxylových kyselín v lipidoch) na dvojité väzby sa pripravujú z olejov tuhé tuky</li> <li>hydrogenáciou sa nenasýtené karboxylové kyseliny menia na nasýtené karboxylové kyseliny</li> <li>v priemyselnej výrobe sa reakcia, ktorou pripravíme stužený tuk volá stužovanie tukov a táto reakcia prebieha pod tlakom a za pôsobenia katalyzátora <a href="/wiki/Nikel" title="Nikel">niklu</a> alebo <a href="/wiki/Platina" title="Platina">platiny</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Hydrolýza_lipidov"><span id="Hydrol.C3.BDza_lipidov"></span>Hydrolýza lipidov</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lipid&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Upraviť sekciu: Hydrolýza lipidov" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lipid&action=edit&section=14" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Hydrolýza lipidov"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hydrolýzou acylglycerolov sa štiepi esterová väzba, pričom sa uvoľnujú molekuly karboxylových kyselín a <a href="/wiki/Glycerol" title="Glycerol">glycerol</a>: </p> <ul><li>kyslá hydrolýza – pôsobením silných minerálnych kyselín</li> <li>alkalická hydrolýza – pôsobením hydroxidov;</li> <li>enzymatická hydrolýza – pomocou enzýmov zvaných <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lip%C3%A1za&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lipáza (stránka neexistuje)">lipázy</a></li></ul> <p>Pri alkalickej hydrolýze tukov vznikajú sodné alebo draselné soli mastných kyselín, ktoré sa nazývajú <a href="/wiki/Mydlo" title="Mydlo">mydlá</a>. Preto sa táto reakcia nazýva aj <a href="/wiki/Zmydel%C5%88ovanie" title="Zmydelňovanie">zmydelňovanie</a> (saponifikácia), napríklad: </p> <dl><dd>palmitylglycerol + hydroxid sodný → palmitát sodný (sodné mydlo) + glycerol + voda</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zložené_lipidy"><span id="Zlo.C5.BEen.C3.A9_lipidy"></span>Zložené lipidy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lipid&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Upraviť sekciu: Zložené lipidy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lipid&action=edit&section=15" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Zložené lipidy"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sú také lipidy, ktoré obsahujú vo svojej molekule okrem nepolárnej zložky (mastná kyselina) a polárnej zložky (alkohol) aj ďalšie deriváty viazané na alkohol. Ďalším derivátom môže byť <a href="/wiki/Sacharid" title="Sacharid">sacharid</a> (glykolipidy) alebo iné polárne látky – <a href="/wiki/Chol%C3%ADn" title="Cholín">cholín</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Etanolam%C3%ADn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Etanolamín (stránka neexistuje)">etanolamín</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ser%C3%ADn" title="Serín">serín</a> a pod. </p><p>Zložené lipidy majú amfifilné molekuly a sú dôležitou zložkou bunkových membrán, ktoré zabezpečujú heterogénnosť prostredia v bunke. </p><p>Z biochemického hľadiska rozoznávame napríklad: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fosfolipid" title="Fosfolipid">fosfolipidy</a> – obsahujú esterovo viazanú kyselinu fosforečnú</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glykolipid" title="Glykolipid">glykolipidy</a> – obsahujú sacharidovú zložku, napr. <a href="/wiki/Gluk%C3%B3za" title="Glukóza">glukózu</a> alebo galaktózu</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Metabolizmus_lipidov">Metabolizmus lipidov</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lipid&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Upraviť sekciu: Metabolizmus lipidov" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lipid&action=edit&section=16" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Metabolizmus lipidov"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sú najdôležitejšou energetickou rezervou organizmu a podieľajú sa až 50% na získavaní energie v biologických oxidáciách. Denne sa metabolizuje 100g lipidov, z ktorých sa uvoľňuje 3760 kJ (900 kcal). Asi polovica tukov organizmu je uložená v podkožnom tkanive, ďalej sa nachádzajú okolo <a href="/wiki/Obli%C4%8Dka" title="Oblička">obličiek</a>, v brušnej dutine (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Omentum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Omentum (stránka neexistuje)">omentum</a>), v oblasti <a href="/wiki/Pohlavn%C3%A9_org%C3%A1ny" title="Pohlavné orgány">pohlavných orgánov</a> a vo <a href="/wiki/Sval" title="Sval">svaloch</a>. </p><p>Lipidy sa neustále obmieňajú, uvoľňujú zo zásob, transportujú <a href="/wiki/Krv" title="Krv">krvou</a> a metabolizujú, alebo sa opäť ukladajú do iných tukových tkanív. Ľudský organizmus uskladňuje lipidy vo veľkom množstve, na rozdiel od malých zásob <a href="/wiki/Glykog%C3%A9n" title="Glykogén">glykogénu</a>. Uvoľňujú najväčšie množstvo energie, ale aj napriek tomu sú po <a href="/wiki/Sacharid" title="Sacharid">sacharidoch</a> druhým bezprostredným zdrojom energie pre <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Clovek" class="mw-disambig" title="Človek">človeka</a>. </p><p>Lipidy ľudského organizmu sa rozdeľujú na triacylglyceroly (neutrálne tuky), fosfolipidy a cholesterol. Triacylglyceroly slúžia predovšetkým ako energetická zásoba, fosfolipidy a cholesterol sa zúčastňujú na výstavbe bunkových membrán, <a href="/wiki/Horm%C3%B3n" title="Hormón">hormónov</a> a iných funkčných molekúl. Organizmus človeka je schopný syntetizovať väčšinu vyšších <a href="/wiki/Karboxylov%C3%A1_kyselina" title="Karboxylová kyselina">karboxylových kyselín</a>, okrem tých, ktoré majú v molekulách prítomnosť dvojitých väzieb. Sú to esenciálne vyššie karboxylové kyseliny, ktoré sa využívajú pri syntéze dôležitej skupiny lipidov prostaglandínov. Z vyšších karboxylových kyselín sa v potrave človeka vyskytujú najčastejšie <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kyselina_stearov%C3%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kyselina stearová (stránka neexistuje)">kyselina stearová</a> C<sub>18</sub>, <a href="/wiki/Kyselina_palmitov%C3%A1" title="Kyselina palmitová">kyselina palmitová</a> C <sub>16</sub> a nenasýtená <a href="/wiki/Kyselina_olejov%C3%A1" title="Kyselina olejová">kyselina olejová</a> s C<sub>18</sub>. </p><p>Fosfolipidy sú prirodzenou súčasťou potravy človeka a skladajú sa rovnako ako neutrálne tuky z vyšších karboxylových kyselín, glycerolu, kyseliny fosforečnej a z ďalšej zložky, ktorá je v jednotlivých fosfolipidoch odlišná. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Izoprenoidné_lipidy"><span id="Izoprenoidn.C3.A9_lipidy"></span>Izoprenoidné lipidy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lipid&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Upraviť sekciu: Izoprenoidné lipidy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lipid&action=edit&section=17" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Izoprenoidné lipidy"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Izoprenoidné lipidy Terpény a steroidy </p> <ul><li>Terpény - prevažne látky rastlinného pôvodu, ktoré sú dôležité pre rastliny napr. ako lákače opeľovačov, lebo sú farebné a voňavé.</li></ul> <ul><li>Steroidy (steroly) - typické molekulové štruktúry živočíchov a človeka, niektoré sa však nachádzajú aj v hubách (ergosterol) a v rastlinách (stigmasterol). K steroidom patrí veľa fyziologicky účinných látok: cholesterol, kalciferoly (vitamín D), steroidné hormóny, žlčové kyseliny, jedovaté sekréty a iné.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Iné_projekty"><span id="In.C3.A9_projekty"></span>Iné projekty</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lipid&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Upraviť sekciu: Iné projekty" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lipid&action=edit&section=18" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Iné projekty"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="interProject commons" style="display:none;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Lipids" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Lipids">Commons</a></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Spolupracuj na Commons"><img alt="Spolupracuj na Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/27px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/36px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> Commons ponúka multimediálne súbory na tému <b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Lipids" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Lipids">Lipid</a></b></li></ul> <div style="border: solid #aaa 1px; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 0ex 1ex; font-size: 90%;" class="tright" title="Portál, ktorého súčasťou je táto stránka"> <table style="margin: 0; padding: 0ex"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:middle;margin: 0;"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:Portal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="Portal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/36px-Portal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="36" height="32" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/54px-Portal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/72px-Portal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="36" data-file-height="32" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:left;font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/Port%C3%A1l:Ch%C3%A9mia" title="Portál:Chémia">Chemický portál</a> </td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Zdroj: „<a dir="ltr" href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lipid&oldid=7819991">https://sk.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lipid&oldid=7819991</a>“</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:Kateg%C3%B3rie" title="Špeciálne:Kategórie">Kategória</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kateg%C3%B3ria:Lipidy" title="Kategória:Lipidy">Lipidy</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Skryté kategórie: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kateg%C3%B3ria:Port%C3%A1l:Ch%C3%A9mia/Zapojen%C3%A9_%C4%8Dl%C3%A1nky" title="Kategória:Portál:Chémia/Zapojené články">Portál:Chémia/Zapojené články</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kateg%C3%B3ria:Wikip%C3%A9dia:%C4%8Cl%C3%A1nky_priamo_volaj%C3%BAce_%C5%A1abl%C3%B3nu_Port%C3%A1l" title="Kategória:Wikipédia:Články priamo volajúce šablónu Portál">Wikipédia:Články priamo volajúce šablónu Portál</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Dátum a čas poslednej úpravy tejto stránky: 15. marec 2024, 11:52.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text je dostupný za podmienok <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License 4.0 Unported</a>; prípadne za ďalších podmienok. 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