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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Instruments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Instruments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Instruments</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Instruments-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Instruments subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Instruments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Typical_Javanese_gamelan_instruments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Typical_Javanese_gamelan_instruments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Typical Javanese gamelan instruments</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Typical_Javanese_gamelan_instruments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Typical_Balinese_gamelan_instruments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Typical_Balinese_gamelan_instruments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Typical Balinese gamelan instruments</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Typical_Balinese_gamelan_instruments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Notation</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notation-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Notation subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Notation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Slendro" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Slendro"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Slendro</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Slendro-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pelog" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pelog"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Pelog</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pelog-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kepatihan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kepatihan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Kepatihan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kepatihan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Varieties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Varieties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Varieties</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Varieties-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Varieties subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Varieties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Javanese_gamelan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Javanese_gamelan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Javanese gamelan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Javanese_gamelan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Balinese_gamelan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Balinese_gamelan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Balinese gamelan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Balinese_gamelan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sundanese_gamelan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sundanese_gamelan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Sundanese gamelan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sundanese_gamelan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cultural_context" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cultural_context"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Cultural context</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Cultural_context-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Cultural context subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Cultural_context-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Religious_rituals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religious_rituals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Religious rituals</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religious_rituals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ceremonies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ceremonies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Ceremonies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ceremonies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Traditional_dances" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Traditional_dances"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Traditional dances</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Traditional_dances-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dance-drama_performances" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dance-drama_performances"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>Dance-drama performances</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dance-drama_performances-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Wayang_puppet_performances" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wayang_puppet_performances"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.5</span> <span>Wayang puppet performances</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wayang_puppet_performances-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Traditional_theatre_performances" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Traditional_theatre_performances"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.6</span> <span>Traditional theatre performances</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Traditional_theatre_performances-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Singing_performance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Singing_performance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.7</span> <span>Singing performance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Singing_performance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Festival" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Festival"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.8</span> <span>Festival</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Festival-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gamelan_production" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gamelan_production"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Gamelan production</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gamelan_production-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Influence_on_Western_music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Influence_on_Western_music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Influence on Western music</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Influence_on_Western_music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Influence_on_contemporary_music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Influence_on_contemporary_music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Influence on contemporary music</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Influence_on_contemporary_music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gamelan_outside_Indonesia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gamelan_outside_Indonesia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Gamelan outside Indonesia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gamelan_outside_Indonesia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Further reading subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Javanese_gamelan_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Javanese_gamelan_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14.1</span> <span>Javanese gamelan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Javanese_gamelan_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Balinese_gamelan_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Balinese_gamelan_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14.2</span> <span>Balinese gamelan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Balinese_gamelan_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_gamelan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_gamelan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14.3</span> <span>Other gamelan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_gamelan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Gamelan</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 52 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-52" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">52 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamelan" title="Gamelan – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Gamelan" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86" title="غاميلان – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="غاميلان" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamel%C3%A1n" title="Gamelán – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Gamelán" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamalan" title="Gamalan – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Gamalan" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamelan" title="Gamelan – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Gamelan" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamelan" title="Gamelan – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Gamelan" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Гамелан – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Гамелан" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Гамелан – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Гамелан" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Гамелан – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Гамелан" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamelan" title="Gamelan – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Gamelan" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamelan" title="Gamelan – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Gamelan" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamelan" title="Gamelan – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Gamelan" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamel%C3%A1n" title="Gamelán – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Gamelán" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamelano" title="Gamelano – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Gamelano" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamelan" title="Gamelan – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Gamelan" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamelan" title="Gamelan – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Gamelan" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86" title="گاملان – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گاملان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamelan" title="Gamelan – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Gamelan" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B0%80%EB%AF%88%EB%9E%80" title="가믈란 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="가믈란" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%A8" title="गमेलन – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="गमेलन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamelan" title="Gamelan – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Gamelan" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamelan" title="Gamelan – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Gamelan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamelan" title="Gamelan – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Gamelan" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamelan" title="Gamelan – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Gamelan" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%9F_(%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%96%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%94)" title="גמלאן (מוזיקה) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="גמלאן (מוזיקה)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamelan" title="Gamelan – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Gamelan" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="გამელანი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="გამელანი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamelan" title="Gamelan – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Gamelan" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamelanas" title="Gamelanas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Gamelanas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamel%C3%A1n" title="Gamelán – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Gamelán" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabbhuw%C3%A2n" title="Tabbhuwân – Madurese" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Tabbhuwân" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="Madurese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Madhurâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Гамелан – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Гамелан" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamelan" title="Gamelan – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Gamelan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamelan" title="Gamelan – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Gamelan" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="गेमेलान – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="गेमेलान" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AC%E3%83%A0%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3" title="ガムラン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ガムラン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamelan" title="Gamelan – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Gamelan" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamelan" title="Gamelan – Tok Pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Gamelan" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="Tok Pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamelan" title="Gamelan – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Gamelan" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamel%C3%A3o" title="Gamelão – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Gamelão" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Гамелан – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Гамелан" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamelan" title="Gamelan – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Gamelan" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%85%DA%B5%D8%A7%D9%86" title="گامڵان – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="گامڵان" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamelan" title="Gamelan – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Gamelan" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamelan" title="Gamelan – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Gamelan" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamelan" title="Gamelan – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Gamelan" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamelan" title="Gamelan – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Gamelan" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="கேம்லான் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கேம்லான்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamelan" title="Gamelan – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Gamelan" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a 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searchaux" style="display:none">Traditional ensemble music of Indonesia</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">Gamelan</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gamelan_Player_1.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Gamelan_Player_1.JPG/260px-Gamelan_Player_1.JPG" decoding="async" width="260" height="198" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Gamelan_Player_1.JPG/390px-Gamelan_Player_1.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Gamelan_Player_1.JPG/520px-Gamelan_Player_1.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1134" data-file-height="864" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">A gamelan player playing <a href="/wiki/Bonang" title="Bonang">bonang</a>. Gamelan <a href="/wiki/Yogyakarta" title="Yogyakarta">Yogyakarta</a> style during a Javanese wedding.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Musical_instrument_classification" title="Musical instrument classification">Classification</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left"><span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Percussion_instrument" title="Percussion instrument">Percussion instrument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metallophones" class="mw-redirect" title="Metallophones">metallophones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drums" class="mw-redirect" title="Drums">drums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xylophones" class="mw-redirect" title="Xylophones">xylophones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bamboo_flutes" class="mw-redirect" title="Bamboo flutes">bamboo flutes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bowed_instrument" class="mw-redirect" title="Bowed instrument">bowed instrument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idiophone" title="Idiophone">Idiophone</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Developed</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a><sup id="cite_ref-ThoughtCo-Gamelan_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ThoughtCo-Gamelan-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:"><a href="/wiki/Range_(music)" title="Range (music)">Playing range</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><span></span> <a href="/wiki/Pelog" title="Pelog">Pelog</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slendro" title="Slendro">Slendro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pathet" title="Pathet">Pathet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cengkok" title="Cengkok">Cengkok</a>, <a href="/wiki/Seleh" title="Seleh">Seleh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sekaran" class="mw-redirect" title="Sekaran">Sekaran</a>, <a href="/wiki/Imbal" title="Imbal">Imbal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kotekan" title="Kotekan">kotekan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gatra_(music)" title="Gatra (music)">Gatra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Colotomy" title="Colotomy">Colotomy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gendhing_structures" class="mw-redirect" title="Gendhing structures">Gendhing structures</a>, <a href="/wiki/Irama" title="Irama">Irama</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gamelan_notation" title="Gamelan notation">Gamelan notation</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above">Gamelan ensemble</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Stylistic origins</th><td class="infobox-data hlist"><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Indonesia" title="Music of Indonesia">Music of Indonesia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Music_of_Java" title="Music of Java">Java</a>, <a href="/wiki/Music_of_Sunda" class="mw-redirect" title="Music of Sunda">Sunda</a> and <a href="/wiki/Music_of_Bali" title="Music of Bali">Bali</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Cultural origins</th><td class="infobox-data hlist"><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Typical instruments</th><td class="infobox-data hlist"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Gamelan</li><li><a href="/wiki/Gong" title="Gong">gong</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Bonang" title="Bonang">bonang</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Gambang_(instrument)" title="Gambang (instrument)">gambang</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Gend%C3%A8r" title="Gendèr">gendèr</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kemanak" title="Kemanak">kemanak</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kendang" title="Kendang">kendang</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kepyak" title="Kepyak">kepyak</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Reyong" title="Reyong">reyong</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Gangsa" title="Gangsa">gangsa</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kenong" title="Kenong">kenong</a>/<a href="/wiki/Kethuk" class="mw-redirect" title="Kethuk">kethuk</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peking_(music)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peking (music) (page does not exist)">peking</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Saron_(instrument)" title="Saron (instrument)">saron</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Siter" title="Siter">siter</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Slenthem" title="Slenthem">slenthem</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Suling" title="Suling">suling</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background: #eee; font-size: 125%;">Gamelan</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader category"><div style="padding-bottom:0.4em; text-align:center; font-size:110%;"><b><a href="/wiki/UNESCO_Intangible_Cultural_Heritage_Lists" title="UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists">UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="border-top: 1px #aaa solid; padding-top:0.4em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1_collection_of_Indonesian_musical_instruments,_screen_and_puppets_for_wayang_kulit_Mahabharata_show.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/1_collection_of_Indonesian_musical_instruments%2C_screen_and_puppets_for_wayang_kulit_Mahabharata_show.jpg/260px-1_collection_of_Indonesian_musical_instruments%2C_screen_and_puppets_for_wayang_kulit_Mahabharata_show.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/1_collection_of_Indonesian_musical_instruments%2C_screen_and_puppets_for_wayang_kulit_Mahabharata_show.jpg/390px-1_collection_of_Indonesian_musical_instruments%2C_screen_and_puppets_for_wayang_kulit_Mahabharata_show.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/1_collection_of_Indonesian_musical_instruments%2C_screen_and_puppets_for_wayang_kulit_Mahabharata_show.jpg/520px-1_collection_of_Indonesian_musical_instruments%2C_screen_and_puppets_for_wayang_kulit_Mahabharata_show.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1950" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Gamelan musical instrument<hr /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Domains</th><td class="infobox-data category">Traditional craftsmanship, oral traditions and expressions, performing arts, knowledge and practices concerning nature and the universe, social practices, rituals and festive events</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reference</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/gamelan-01607">01607</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Region</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Template:UNESCO_Representative_List_of_the_Intangible_Cultural_Heritage_of_Humanity/APA" title="Template:UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity/APA">Asia and the Pacific</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#eee; font-size:110%;">Inscription history</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Inscription</th><td class="infobox-data">2021 (16th session)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Masterpieces_of_the_Oral_and_Intangible_Heritage_of_Humanity" title="Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity">List</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Representative List</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="line-height:150%; padding-top:0.8em; border-top: 1px #aaa solid; text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Unesco_Cultural_Heritage_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Unesco_Cultural_Heritage_logo.svg/100px-Unesco_Cultural_Heritage_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Unesco_Cultural_Heritage_logo.svg/150px-Unesco_Cultural_Heritage_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Unesco_Cultural_Heritage_logo.svg/200px-Unesco_Cultural_Heritage_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> <br /> <b>Gamelan variations</b> consist of: <a href="/wiki/Javanese_people" title="Javanese people">Javanese gamelan</a> (gamelan jawa) of <a href="/wiki/Central_Java" title="Central Java">Central Java</a> and <a href="/wiki/Special_Region_of_Yogyakarta" title="Special Region of Yogyakarta">Special Region of Yogyakarta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Balinese_people" title="Balinese people">Balinese gamelan</a> (gamelan bali) of <a href="/wiki/Bali" title="Bali">Bali</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sundanese_people" title="Sundanese people">Sundanese gamelan</a> (gamelan sunda) of <a href="/wiki/West_Java" title="West Java">West Java</a>, <a href="/wiki/Madurese_people" title="Madurese people">Madurese gamelan</a> (gamelan madura) and <a href="/wiki/Banyuwangi_Regency" title="Banyuwangi Regency">Banyuwangian Gamelan</a> (gamelan banyuwangi) of <a href="/wiki/East_Java" title="East Java">East Java</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gendang_beleq" title="Gendang beleq">Gendang beleq</a> of <a href="/wiki/West_Nusa_Tenggara" title="West Nusa Tenggara">West Nusa Tenggara</a>, <a href="/wiki/Banjar_people" title="Banjar people">Banjarese gamelan</a> (gamelan banjar) of <a href="/wiki/South_Kalimantan" title="South Kalimantan">South Kalimantan</a>, Gamelan peking of <a href="/wiki/Lampung" title="Lampung">Lampung</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Talempong" title="Talempong">Talempong</a> of <a href="/wiki/West_Sumatra" title="West Sumatra">West Sumatra</a>. <p><b>Gamelan instruments</b>: slab-type (wilahan) instruments (<a href="/wiki/Saron_(instrument)" title="Saron (instrument)">saron</a>/sarun/pemade, <a href="/wiki/Demung" class="mw-redirect" title="Demung">demung</a>/sarun ganal, <a href="/wiki/Gend%C3%A8r" title="Gendèr">Gendèr</a>/kiliningan, slenthem/selentem/jegogan, peking/sarun paking/kantilan, kecrek/keprak), gong-type (pencon) instruments (<a href="/wiki/Gong" title="Gong">gong</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kempul" title="Kempul">kempul</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kenong" title="Kenong">kenong</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bonang" title="Bonang">bonang</a>, trompong, <a href="/wiki/Kethuk" class="mw-redirect" title="Kethuk">kethuk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Talempong" title="Talempong">talempong</a>, kempyang), String instruments (<a href="/wiki/Siter" title="Siter">siter</a>, celempung, <a href="/wiki/Kecapi" class="mw-redirect" title="Kecapi">kecapi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rebab" title="Rebab">rebab</a>), Bamboo instrument (<a href="/wiki/Suling" title="Suling">suling</a>), Drums instruments (<a href="/wiki/Kendhang" class="mw-redirect" title="Kendhang">kendhang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bedug" title="Bedug">Bedug</a>, ketipung, <a href="/wiki/Gendang_beleq" title="Gendang beleq">gendang beleq</a>), Wooden instrument (<a href="/wiki/Gambang_(instrument)" title="Gambang (instrument)">gambang</a>) </p> Idiophone instrument (<a href="/wiki/Kemanak" title="Kemanak">kemanak</a>)</td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output 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class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Traditional_indonesian_instruments04.jpg/386px-Traditional_indonesian_instruments04.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Traditional_indonesian_instruments04.jpg/514px-Traditional_indonesian_instruments04.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1067" /></a></span><div class="sidebar-caption">Various hanging <a href="/wiki/Gong" title="Gong">Gongs</a> (gong ageng, gong suwukan, kempul) of <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Gamelan</a> in <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-above"> <a href="/wiki/Music_of_Indonesia" title="Music of Indonesia">Music of Indonesia</a></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color: #E5E4E2"> Genres</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dangdut" title="Dangdut">Dangdut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campursari" title="Campursari">Campursari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celempungan" title="Celempungan">Celempungan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Funkot" title="Funkot">Funkot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambang_kromong" title="Gambang kromong">Gambang kromong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_hip_hop" title="Indonesian hip hop">Hip hop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo_pop" title="Indo pop">Indo pop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaipongan" title="Jaipongan">Jaipongan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kecapi_suling" class="mw-redirect" title="Kecapi suling">Kecapi suling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kroncong" title="Kroncong">Kroncong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Langgam_jawa" title="Langgam jawa">Langgam jawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pop_melayu" title="Pop melayu">Pop melayu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pop_Sunda" class="mw-redirect" title="Pop Sunda">Pop Sunda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_rock" title="Indonesian rock">Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanjidor" title="Tanjidor">Tanjidor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tembang_sunda" class="mw-redirect" title="Tembang sunda">Tembang sunda</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color: #E5E4E2"> Specific forms</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angklung" title="Angklung">Angklung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beleganjur" title="Beleganjur">Beleganjur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calung" title="Calung">Calung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambus" class="mw-redirect" title="Gambus">Gambus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamelan_degung" title="Gamelan degung">Degung</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Gamelan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gamelan_gambang" title="Gamelan gambang">Gambang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamelan_gender_wayang" title="Gamelan gender wayang">Gender Wayang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamelan_gong_gede" title="Gamelan gong gede">Gong gede</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamelan_gong_kebyar" title="Gamelan gong kebyar">Gong kebyar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamelan_jegog" title="Gamelan jegog">Jegog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamelan_joged_bumbung" title="Gamelan joged bumbung">Joged bumbung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malay_gamelan" title="Malay gamelan">Melayu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamelan_salendro" title="Gamelan salendro">Salendro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamelan_selunding" title="Gamelan selunding">Selunding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamelan_semar_pegulingan" title="Gamelan semar pegulingan">Semar pegulingan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamelan_surakarta" title="Gamelan surakarta">Surakarta</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gendang_beleq" title="Gendang beleq">Gendang beleq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordang_sambilan" title="Gordang sambilan">Gordang sambilan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karinding" title="Karinding">Karinding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kecak" title="Kecak">Kecak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kendang" title="Kendang">Kendang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolintang" title="Kolintang">Kolintang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kulintang" title="Kulintang">Kulintang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuriding" title="Kuriding">Kuriding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurung-kurung" title="Kurung-kurung">Kurung-kurung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saluang" title="Saluang">Saluang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suling" title="Suling">Suling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talempong" title="Talempong">Talempong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarawangsa" title="Tarawangsa">Tarawangsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tifa_totobuang" title="Tifa totobuang">Tifa totobuang</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content-with-subgroup"> <table class="sidebar-subgroup"></table></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content-with-subgroup"> <table class="sidebar-subgroup"></table></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color: #E5E4E2"> Regional music</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Bali" title="Music of Bali">Bali</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_of_Borneo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Music of Borneo (page does not exist)">Borneo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Java" title="Music of Java">Java</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_of_Moluccan_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Music of Moluccan Islands (page does not exist)">Moluccan Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_of_Papua&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Music of Papua (page does not exist)">Papua</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_of_Sulawesi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Music of Sulawesi (page does not exist)">Sulawesi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Sumatra" title="Music of Sumatra">Sumatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sundanese_music" title="Sundanese music">Sundanese</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malay_music&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Malay music (page does not exist)">Malay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minangkabau_music" title="Minangkabau music">Minangkabau</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_of_Batak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Music of Batak (page does not exist)">Bataks</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_of_Dayak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Music of Dayak (page does not exist)">Dayaks</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_of_Ambon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Music of Ambon (page does not exist)">Ambonese</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_of_Bugis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Music of Bugis (page does not exist)">Buginese</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_of_Aceh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Music of Aceh (page does not exist)">Acehnese</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Music_of_Indonesia" title="Template:Music of Indonesia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Music_of_Indonesia" title="Template talk:Music of Indonesia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Music_of_Indonesia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Music of Indonesia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Gamelan</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/ɡ/: 'g' in 'guy'">ɡ</span><span title="/æ/: 'a' in 'bad'">æ</span><span title="'m' in 'my'">m</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/æ/: 'a' in 'bad'">æ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span></span>/</a></span></span><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) (<a href="/wiki/Javanese_language" title="Javanese language">Javanese</a>: <span lang="jv">ꦒꦩꦼꦭꦤ꧀</span>, <a href="/wiki/Sundanese_language" title="Sundanese language">Sundanese</a>: <span lang="su"><span lang="su" style="font-family:'Noto Sans Sundanese', 'Sundanese Unicode 2013'; font-size:;">ᮌᮙᮨᮜᮔ᮪</span></span>, <a href="/wiki/Balinese_language" title="Balinese language">Balinese</a>: <span lang="ban">ᬕᬫᭂᬮᬦ᭄</span>) is the traditional <a href="/wiki/Musical_ensemble" title="Musical ensemble">ensemble</a> music of the <a href="/wiki/Javanese_people" title="Javanese people">Javanese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sundanese_people" title="Sundanese people">Sundanese</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Balinese_people" title="Balinese people">Balinese</a> peoples of <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>, made up predominantly of <a href="/wiki/Percussion_instrument" title="Percussion instrument">percussive instruments</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The most common instruments used are <a href="/wiki/Metallophone" title="Metallophone">metallophones</a> (played with <a href="/wiki/Mallet" title="Mallet">mallets</a>) and a set of hand-drums called <i><a href="/wiki/Kendang" title="Kendang">kendang</a></i>, which keep the <a href="/wiki/Beat_(music)" title="Beat (music)">beat</a>. The <i><a href="/wiki/Kemanak" title="Kemanak">kemanak</a></i>, a banana-shaped <a href="/wiki/Idiophone" title="Idiophone">idiophone</a>, and the <i><a href="/wiki/Gangsa" title="Gangsa">gangsa</a></i>, another metallophone, are also commonly used gamelan <a href="/wiki/Musical_instrument" title="Musical instrument">instruments</a> on <a href="/wiki/Bali" title="Bali">Bali</a>. Other notable instruments include <a href="/wiki/Xylophone" title="Xylophone">xylophones</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bamboo_flute" title="Bamboo flute">bamboo flutes</a> (similar to the Indian <i><a href="/wiki/Bansuri" title="Bansuri">bansuri</a></i>), a bowed <a href="/wiki/String_instrument" title="String instrument">string instrument</a> called a <i><a href="/wiki/Rebab" title="Rebab">rebab</a></i> (somewhat similar to the <i><a href="/wiki/Gadulka" title="Gadulka">gadulka</a></i> of <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a>), and a <a href="/wiki/Zither" title="Zither">zither</a>-like instrument called a <i><a href="/wiki/Siter" title="Siter">siter</a></i>, used in Javanese gamelan. Additionally, vocalists may be featured, being referred to as <i><a href="/wiki/Sindhen" class="mw-redirect" title="Sindhen">sindhen</a></i> for females or <i><a href="/wiki/Gerong" title="Gerong">gerong</a></i> for males.<sup id="cite_ref-sumarsam_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sumarsam-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although the popularity of gamelan has declined slightly since the introduction of modern popular music to Indonesia, the art form is still widely respected, being commonly played in many traditional ceremonies. It may also be performed as entertainment for some modern events, such as official cultural, corporate, government or educational functions, both formal or informal. Gamelan is also, traditionally, arranged and performed to accompany religious <a href="/wiki/Ritual" title="Ritual">rituals</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ceremony" title="Ceremony">ceremonies</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dance" title="Dance">dance</a> theatre, <a href="/wiki/Wayang_wong" title="Wayang wong">dance-drama</a>, traditional Indonesian <a href="/wiki/Theater" class="mw-redirect" title="Theater">theater</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wayang" title="Wayang">wayang puppets theatre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Singing" title="Singing">singing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Concert" title="Concert">concerts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Festivals" class="mw-redirect" title="Festivals">festivals</a>, <a href="/wiki/Exhibitions" class="mw-redirect" title="Exhibitions">exhibitions</a>, and many more. Many consider gamelan to be an integral part of <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Indonesian culture">Indonesian culture</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2014, Gamelan traditions were recognized as part of the <a href="/wiki/National_Intangible_Cultural_Heritage_of_Indonesia" title="National Intangible Cultural Heritage of Indonesia">National Intangible Cultural Heritage of Indonesia</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Education_and_Culture_(Indonesia)" title="Ministry of Education and Culture (Indonesia)">Indonesian Ministry of Education and Culture</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 15 December 2021, Gamelan was inscribed onto the <a href="/wiki/UNESCO_Intangible_Cultural_Heritage_Lists" title="UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists">UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity</a>. The nomination builds on the archaeological connection to the <a href="/wiki/Borobudur" title="Borobudur">Borobudur</a>, and includes a focus on its role in fostering a sense of national identity and pride, in addition to wellbeing aspects such as mental health, the development of interpersonal skills and the connection between its cosmology and an ethics of mutual respect and care. The listing consists of <a href="/wiki/Javanese_people" title="Javanese people">Javanese gamelan</a> (gamelan jawa) of <a href="/wiki/Central_Java" title="Central Java">Central Java</a> and <a href="/wiki/Special_Region_of_Yogyakarta" title="Special Region of Yogyakarta">Special Region of Yogyakarta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Balinese_people" title="Balinese people">Balinese gamelan</a> (gamelan bali) of <a href="/wiki/Bali" title="Bali">Bali</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sundanese_people" title="Sundanese people">Sundanese gamelan</a> (gamelan sunda) of <a href="/wiki/West_Java" title="West Java">West Java</a>, <a href="/wiki/Madurese_people" title="Madurese people">Madurese gamelan</a> (gamelan madura) and <a href="/wiki/Banyuwangi_Regency" title="Banyuwangi Regency">Banyuwangian Gamelan</a> (gamelan banyuwangi) of <a href="/wiki/East_Java" title="East Java">East Java</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gendang_beleq" title="Gendang beleq">Gendang beleq</a> of <a href="/wiki/West_Nusa_Tenggara" title="West Nusa Tenggara">West Nusa Tenggara</a>, <a href="/wiki/Banjar_people" title="Banjar people">Banjarese gamelan</a> (gamelan banjar) of <a href="/wiki/South_Kalimantan" title="South Kalimantan">South Kalimantan</a>, Gamelan peking of <a href="/wiki/Lampung" title="Lampung">Lampung</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Talempong" title="Talempong">Talempong</a> of <a href="/wiki/West_Sumatra" title="West Sumatra">West Sumatra</a> as a <a href="/wiki/Masterpieces_of_the_Oral_and_Intangible_Heritage_of_Humanity" title="Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity">Masterpiece of Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity</a> from <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>, and encouraged the Indonesian people and the Indonesian government to safeguard, transmit, promote, and develop the gamelan.<sup id="cite_ref-UNESCO_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNESCO-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Methods include the support of national, international and provincial festivals, the establishment of educational curricula including the Gamelan Goes to School program, an intention to increase the numbers of regional gamelan associations, and <a href="/wiki/Cultural_diplomacy" title="Cultural diplomacy">cultural diplomacy</a> by sending gamelan specialists to global universities.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gamelan&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The word <i>gamelan</i> comes from the <a href="/wiki/Javanese_language#Registers" title="Javanese language">Javanese</a> word <i>gamel</i> (<span title="Javanese-language text"><span lang="jv">ꦒꦩꦼꦭ꧀</span></span>), which refers to playing of <a href="/wiki/Percussion_instruments" class="mw-redirect" title="Percussion instruments">percussion instruments</a> or the act of striking with a <a href="/wiki/Mallet" title="Mallet">mallet</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Noun" title="Noun">noun</a>-forming <a href="/wiki/Suffix" title="Suffix">suffix</a> <i>an</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sumarsam_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sumarsam-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Lindsay_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lindsay-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The gamelan in the <a href="/wiki/Sundanese_language" title="Sundanese language">Sundanese</a> is <i>Degung</i> (<span title="Western Subanon-language text"><i lang="suc">Degung</i></span>), the word <i>Degung</i> apparently is an old Sundanese term, which refers to gongs and <a href="/wiki/Gong" title="Gong">Gong</a> ensembles. For this reason, the words degung and gong are essentially synonyms for the word <i>gamelan</i>. At the same time, the expression <i><a href="/wiki/Gamelan_degung" title="Gamelan degung">gamelan degung</a></i> may be a way to point at a gamelan ensemble tuned to degung scale.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The term <i>karawitan</i> (<span title="Javanese-language text"><span lang="jv">ꦏꦫꦮꦶꦠꦤ꧀</span></span>) refers to classical gamelan music and performance practice, and comes from the <a href="/wiki/Javanese_language" title="Javanese language">Javanese</a> word <i>rawit</i> (<span title="Javanese-language text"><span lang="jv">ꦫꦮꦶꦠ꧀</span></span>) of <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a> origin, meaning 'intricate' or 'finely worked',<sup id="cite_ref-Lindsay_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lindsay-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> referring to the sense of smoothness and elegance idealized in Javanese music. Another word, <i>pangrawit</i> (<span title="Javanese-language text"><span lang="jv">ꦥꦁꦫꦮꦶꦠ꧀</span></span>), means a person with such sense, and is used as an honorific when discussing esteemed gamelan musicians. The high Javanese word for <i>gamelan</i> is <i>gangsa</i> (<span title="Javanese-language text"><span lang="jv">ꦒꦁꦱ</span></span>), formed either from the words <i>tembaga</i> (<span title="Javanese-language text"><span lang="jv">ꦠꦼꦩ꧀ꦧꦒ</span></span>) and <i>rejasa</i> (<span title="Javanese-language text"><span lang="jv">ꦉꦗꦱ</span></span>) referring to the materials used in bronze gamelan construction (copper and tin), or <i>tiga</i> (<span title="Javanese-language text"><span lang="jv">ꦠꦶꦒ</span></span>) and <i>sedasa</i> (<span title="Javanese-language text"><span lang="jv">ꦱꦼꦢꦱ</span></span>) referring to their proportions (three and ten).<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gamelan&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Musician_Borobudur.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Musician_Borobudur.jpg/260px-Musician_Borobudur.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="256" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Musician_Borobudur.jpg/390px-Musician_Borobudur.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Musician_Borobudur.jpg/520px-Musician_Borobudur.jpg 2x" data-file-width="978" data-file-height="964" /></a><figcaption>Musicians performing musical ensemble, The 8th century bas-relief of <a href="/wiki/Borobudur" title="Borobudur">Borobudur</a> Temple, <a href="/wiki/Central_Java" title="Central Java">Central Java</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The gamelan predates the <a href="/wiki/Indianized_kingdoms" class="mw-redirect" title="Indianized kingdoms">Hindu-Buddhist culture</a> that dominated Indonesia in its earliest records and thus represents an indigenous art form of <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>. In contrast to the heavy <a href="/wiki/Indian_subcontinent" title="Indian subcontinent">Indian</a> influence in other art forms, the only obvious <a href="/wiki/Music_of_India" title="Music of India">Indian influence</a> in gamelan music is in the Javanese, Sundanese, and Balinese style of singing, and in the themes of the <a href="/wiki/Wayang_kulit" title="Wayang kulit">Wayang kulit</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wayang_Golek" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayang Golek">Wayang Golek</a> (shadow puppet plays).<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Javanese mythology, the gamelan was created by Sang Hyang Guru in <a href="/wiki/Saka_era" class="mw-redirect" title="Saka era">Saka era</a> 167 (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> AD 230</span>), the god who ruled as king of all Java from a palace on the Maendra mountain in <a href="/wiki/Medang_Kamulan" title="Medang Kamulan">Medang Kamulan</a> (now <a href="/wiki/Mount_Lawu" title="Mount Lawu">Mount Lawu</a>). He needed a signal to summon the gods and thus invented the gong. For more complex messages, he invented two other gongs, thus forming the original gamelan set.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The earliest image of a musical ensemble is found on the bas-relief of the 8th century Buddhist monument of <a href="/wiki/Borobudur" title="Borobudur">Borobudur</a>, Central Java.<sup id="cite_ref-ThoughtCo-Gamelan_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ThoughtCo-Gamelan-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Borobudur's musicians play <a href="/wiki/Lute" title="Lute">lute</a>-like stringed instruments, various <i><a href="/wiki/Kendang" title="Kendang">kendang</a></i> drums, various <i><a href="/wiki/Suling" title="Suling">suling</a></i> flutes, <a href="/wiki/Cymbal" title="Cymbal">cymbals</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bell" title="Bell">bells</a>, <a href="/wiki/Metallophones" class="mw-redirect" title="Metallophones">metallophones</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Xylophones" class="mw-redirect" title="Xylophones">xylophones</a>. Some of these musical instruments are indeed included in a complete gamelan orchestra. Musical instruments such as metallophones (<a href="/wiki/Saron_(instrument)" title="Saron (instrument)">saron</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kenong" title="Kenong">kenong</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kecer" title="Kecer">kecer</a>), xylophones (<a href="/wiki/Gambang_(instrument)" title="Gambang (instrument)">gambang</a>), the bamboo flute (<a href="/wiki/Suling" title="Suling">suling</a>), drums in various sizes (kendang), cymbals, bell (genta), and bowed and plucked string instruments were identified in this image.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These reliefs of this musical ensemble are suggested to be the ancient form of the gamelan. </p><p>The instruments developed into their current form during the <a href="/wiki/Majapahit_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Majapahit Empire">Majapahit Empire</a>. According to the inscriptions and manuscripts (<a href="/wiki/Nagarakretagama" title="Nagarakretagama">Nagarakretagama</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kakawin_Sutasoma" title="Kakawin Sutasoma">Kakawin Sutasoma</a>) dated from the Majapahit period, the kingdom even had a government office in charge of supervising the performing arts, including the gamelan. The arts office oversaw the construction of musical instruments, as well as scheduling performances at the court.<sup id="cite_ref-ThoughtCo-Gamelan_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ThoughtCo-Gamelan-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nagarakertagama.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Nagarakertagama.jpg/260px-Nagarakertagama.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="210" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Nagarakertagama.jpg/390px-Nagarakertagama.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/Nagarakertagama.jpg 2x" data-file-width="443" data-file-height="357" /></a><figcaption><i>Gamelan</i> is mentioned in the <a href="/wiki/Kakawin" title="Kakawin">Kakawin</a> <a href="/wiki/Nagarakertagama" class="mw-redirect" title="Nagarakertagama">Nagarakertagama</a> in a <a href="/wiki/Palm-leaf_manuscript" title="Palm-leaf manuscript">palm-leaf manuscript</a> called <a href="/wiki/Palm-leaf_manuscript" title="Palm-leaf manuscript">lontar</a> that was written by <a href="/wiki/Mpu_Prapanca" title="Mpu Prapanca">Mpu Prapanca</a> in 1365 AD. A collection of <a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Indonesia" title="National Library of Indonesia">National Library of Indonesia</a> in <a href="/wiki/Jakarta" title="Jakarta">Jakarta</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In Bali, there are several <a href="/wiki/Gamelan_selunding" title="Gamelan selunding">gamelan selonding</a> that have existed since the 9th century during the <a href="/wiki/Sri_Kesari_Warmadewa" title="Sri Kesari Warmadewa">Sri Kesari Warmadewa</a> reign.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some words refer to gamelan selonding was found in some ancient Balinese inscriptions and manuscripts. Today, gamelan selonding is stored and preserved well in ancient temples of Bali. It is considered sacred and used for religious ceremony purposes, especially when the big ceremony is held. Gamelan Selonding is part of daily life and culture for some indigenous people in ancient villages such as Bungaya, <a href="/wiki/Bugbug" title="Bugbug">Bugbug</a>, Seraya, <a href="/wiki/Tenganan" title="Tenganan">Tenganan Pegringsingan</a>, Timbrah, Asak, Ngis, <a href="/wiki/Bebandem" title="Bebandem">Bebandem</a>, <a href="/wiki/Besakih" class="mw-redirect" title="Besakih">Besakih</a>, and Selat in <a href="/wiki/Karangasem_Regency" title="Karangasem Regency">Karangasem Regency</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Bedoyo_danseressen_aan_het_hof_van_de_sultan_van_Yogyakarta_TMnr_3728-444.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Bedoyo_danseressen_aan_het_hof_van_de_sultan_van_Yogyakarta_TMnr_3728-444.jpg/360px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Bedoyo_danseressen_aan_het_hof_van_de_sultan_van_Yogyakarta_TMnr_3728-444.jpg" decoding="async" width="360" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Bedoyo_danseressen_aan_het_hof_van_de_sultan_van_Yogyakarta_TMnr_3728-444.jpg/540px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Bedoyo_danseressen_aan_het_hof_van_de_sultan_van_Yogyakarta_TMnr_3728-444.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Bedoyo_danseressen_aan_het_hof_van_de_sultan_van_Yogyakarta_TMnr_3728-444.jpg/720px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Bedoyo_danseressen_aan_het_hof_van_de_sultan_van_Yogyakarta_TMnr_3728-444.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="556" /></a><figcaption>The court of the Sultan of <a href="/wiki/Yogyakarta" title="Yogyakarta">Yogyakarta</a>, c. 1876. Performance of <a href="/wiki/Bedhaya" title="Bedhaya">Bedhaya</a> Sacred Dance accompanied by Javanese Gamelan Ensemble</figcaption></figure> <p>In the court of Java (<a href="/wiki/Surakarta_Sunanate" title="Surakarta Sunanate">Surakarta Sunanate</a> and <a href="/wiki/Yogyakarta_Sultanate" title="Yogyakarta Sultanate">Yogyakarta Sultanate</a>) the oldest known ensembles, Gamelan <a href="/wiki/Munggang" title="Munggang">Munggang</a> and Gamelan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kodok_Ngorek&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kodok Ngorek (page does not exist)">Kodok Ngorek</a>, are apparently from the 12th century.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These formed the basis of a "loud style" of music. These Gamelan are the oldest existing gamelan instruments and still preserved well in the courts. The Gamelans become the heirloom of the Javanese courts. Gamelan Kodhok Ngorek and Gamelan Monggang are sacred gamelan that will only be sounded for Javanese court ritual ceremonies such as the Sultan's Jumenengan (coronation ceremony), welcoming highly respected guests at the palace, royal weddings, and Garebeg.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This gamelan is only owned by the court and the general public is not allowed to have a similar gamelan set. </p><p>In the wengker or <a href="/wiki/Ponorogo" class="mw-redirect" title="Ponorogo">Ponorogo</a> culture, in the 15th century Gamelan Reyog was not only used to accompany the art of <a href="/wiki/Reog_Ponorogo" class="mw-redirect" title="Reog Ponorogo">Reog Ponorogo</a> but was also used during war, the troops of ki Ageng Surya Alam from the village of Kutu played gamelan reyog before the war took place against Majapahit, which was in coalition with Demak during the attack. Wengker, as a result Wengker always gets his victory before the heirloom of ki Ageng Surya Alam falls into the hands of the enemy.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A "soft style" developed out of the <i><a href="/wiki/Kemanak" title="Kemanak">kemanak</a></i> tradition and is related to the traditions of singing <a href="/wiki/Javanese_poetry" title="Javanese poetry">Javanese poetry</a>, in a manner often believed to be similar to the chorus that accompanies the modern <i><a href="/wiki/Bedhaya" title="Bedhaya">bedhaya</a></i> dance. In the 17th century, these loud and soft styles mixed, and to a large extent, the variety of modern gamelan styles of Bali, Java, and Sunda resulted from different ways of mixing these elements. Thus, despite the seeming diversity of styles, many of the same theoretical concepts, instruments, and techniques are shared between the styles.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Raffles_Musical_Instruments_of_Java_Gamelan_Salindro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Raffles_Musical_Instruments_of_Java_Gamelan_Salindro.jpg/260px-Raffles_Musical_Instruments_of_Java_Gamelan_Salindro.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="368" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Raffles_Musical_Instruments_of_Java_Gamelan_Salindro.jpg/390px-Raffles_Musical_Instruments_of_Java_Gamelan_Salindro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Raffles_Musical_Instruments_of_Java_Gamelan_Salindro.jpg/520px-Raffles_Musical_Instruments_of_Java_Gamelan_Salindro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2603" data-file-height="3689" /></a><figcaption>Various Javanese musical instrument in <a href="/wiki/Slendro" title="Slendro">Gamelan Salindro</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_History_of_Java" title="The History of Java">The History of Java</a> by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Stamford_Raffles" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Stamford Raffles">Thomas Stamford Raffles</a> (1781–1826).</figcaption></figure> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Cirebon" title="Sultanate of Cirebon">Sultanate of Cirebon</a>, on the north coast of Java. The <a href="/wiki/Gamelan_Sekaten" title="Gamelan Sekaten">gamelan Sakati</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Keraton_Kasepuhan" title="Keraton Kasepuhan">Keraton Kasepuhan</a> is originated from <a href="/wiki/Demak_Sultanate" title="Demak Sultanate">Demak Sultanate</a> in 1495 which was a gift from Sultan Trenggono of Demak for the marriage of Ratu Mas Nyawa (daughter of Raden Patah, king of Demak) to Prince Bratakelana (son of <a href="/wiki/Sunan_Gunung_Jati" class="mw-redirect" title="Sunan Gunung Jati">Sunan Gunung Jati</a> from his wife Syarifah Bagdad).<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This gamelan is closely related to the early days of the spread of Islam by <a href="/wiki/Wali_Sanga" title="Wali Sanga">Wali Sanga</a> in <a href="/wiki/Java" title="Java">Java</a>. At the <a href="/wiki/Keraton_Kasepuhan" title="Keraton Kasepuhan">Keraton Kasepuhan</a>, the gamelan Sakati is played on the Idul Adha month of Hajj (Zulhijah) in the Sri Manganti building when the sultan and his relatives head to the Grand Mosque. This gamelan is kept in the Museum Pusaka Keraton Kasepuhan Cirebon.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Lamongan" class="mw-redirect" title="Lamongan">Lamongan</a>, <a href="/wiki/East_Java" title="East Java">East Java</a>, there is an ancient gamelan from the 15th century called Gamelan <i>Singo Mengkok</i>. This gamelan is a legacy of the <a href="/wiki/Sunan_Drajat" title="Sunan Drajat">Sunan Drajat</a> (one of the <a href="/wiki/Wali_Sanga" title="Wali Sanga">Wali Sanga</a>) which was used for broadcasting the Islamic religion in Paciran, Lamongan. Beaten by the Friends of Sunan Drajat to accompany the tembang Pangkur (panguri isine Qur'an) created by Sunan Drajat himself. This gamelan ensemble is an acculturation of Hindu-Buddhist and Islamic culture, considering that the surrounding community is Hindus, so that it is easily accepted by the community. The Gamelan Singo Mengkok is now stored in the Museum Sunan Drajat in <a href="/wiki/Lamongan" class="mw-redirect" title="Lamongan">Lamongan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gamelan_ceremonial_Munggang,_Kraton_Surakarta.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Gamelan_ceremonial_Munggang%2C_Kraton_Surakarta.jpg/360px-Gamelan_ceremonial_Munggang%2C_Kraton_Surakarta.jpg" decoding="async" width="360" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Gamelan_ceremonial_Munggang%2C_Kraton_Surakarta.jpg/540px-Gamelan_ceremonial_Munggang%2C_Kraton_Surakarta.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Gamelan_ceremonial_Munggang%2C_Kraton_Surakarta.jpg/720px-Gamelan_ceremonial_Munggang%2C_Kraton_Surakarta.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1046" data-file-height="654" /></a><figcaption>Javanese Gamelan <a href="/wiki/Munggang" title="Munggang">Munggang</a> (one of sacred gamelans) being played (as part of <a href="/wiki/Ritual" title="Ritual">ritual</a>) in <a href="/wiki/Surakarta_Sunanate" title="Surakarta Sunanate">Surakarta Sunanate</a>, <a href="/wiki/Central_Java" title="Central Java">Central Java</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>, 2000</figcaption></figure> <p>In the kingdom of Islamic Mataram, Gamelan Kanjeng Kyai Guntur Sari was made in 1566<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Gamelan Kanjeng Kyai Guntur Madu was made in 1642 during the reign of <a href="/wiki/Sultan_Agung" class="mw-redirect" title="Sultan Agung">Sultan Agung</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Both gamelans called Gamelan Sekati (<a href="/wiki/Gamelan_Sekaten" title="Gamelan Sekaten">Gamelan Sekaten</a>) which is only beaten/sounded to accompany the <a href="/wiki/Sekaten" title="Sekaten">Sekaten</a> ceremony. Gamelan Sekaten in <a href="/wiki/Surakarta" title="Surakarta">Surakarta</a> and <a href="/wiki/Yogyakarta" title="Yogyakarta">Yogyakarta</a> will be played once a year for one week in front of the Grand Mosque. This gamelan is only played by the royal family and courtiers under strict conditions, wearing prescribed traditional clothes, and playing certain sacred music that has existed for centuries. The Gamelan Sekaten exists in halves: divided between the two rival courts in Surakarta and Yogyakarta, each court had a matching second half made. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Sumedang" title="Sumedang">Sumedang</a>, <a href="/wiki/West_Java" title="West Java">West Java</a>, there is an heirloom of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sumedang_Larang" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Sumedang Larang">Kingdom of Sumedang Larang</a>, there is a Gamelan Panglipur belonging to Prince Rangga Gede / Kusumahdinata IV (1625–1633) who is also the regent of <a href="/wiki/Mataram_Sultanate" title="Mataram Sultanate">Mataram</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gamelan was deliberately made to entertain himself after his beloved child died. The Panglipur gamelan along with 9 other ancient gamelan sets are kept at the Museum Prabu Geusan Ulun in <a href="/wiki/Sumedang_Regency" title="Sumedang Regency">Sumedang Regency</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of the ten sets of gamelan is the gamelan <i>Sari Oneng Parakansalak</i> from <a href="/wiki/Sukabumi" title="Sukabumi">Sukabumi</a>, <a href="/wiki/West_Java" title="West Java">West Java</a>, which on 31 March 1889, participated in celebrating the inauguration of the <a href="/wiki/Eiffel_Tower" title="Eiffel Tower">Eiffel Tower</a> in Paris, France.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 5 September 1977, <i>Gending ketawang puspawarna</i> (<a href="/wiki/Javanese_people" title="Javanese people">Javanese</a> gamelan music) which was created by <a href="/wiki/Mangkunegara_IV" title="Mangkunegara IV">Mangkunegara IV</a> (1853–1881) was carried by two satellites of <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)</a> named <i><a href="/wiki/Voyager_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Voyager I">Voyager I</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Voyager_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Voyager II">Voyager II</a></i>. The satellites are in charge of making observations on planets in outer space. The two satellites are equipped with gold-plated copper disks with a diameter of 12 inches. This disc contains recorded messages from Earth for extraterrestrials who can find them.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Instruments">Instruments</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gamelan&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Instruments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sinden_Solo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Sinden_Solo.jpg/250px-Sinden_Solo.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="313" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Sinden_Solo.jpg/375px-Sinden_Solo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Sinden_Solo.jpg/500px-Sinden_Solo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3025" data-file-height="3786" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Sindhen" class="mw-redirect" title="Sindhen">sindhen</a> is singing a Javanese song accompanied by Gamelan ensemble</figcaption></figure> <p>A gamelan is a multi-timbre ensemble consisting of <a href="/wiki/Metallophones" class="mw-redirect" title="Metallophones">metallophones</a>, <a href="/wiki/Xylophones" class="mw-redirect" title="Xylophones">xylophones</a>, <a href="/wiki/Flutes" class="mw-redirect" title="Flutes">flutes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gongs" class="mw-redirect" title="Gongs">gongs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Voice" class="mw-redirect" title="Voice">voices</a>, as well as bowed and plucked <a href="/wiki/String_instrument" title="String instrument">strings</a>. The hand-played drum called <i>kendang</i> controls the tempo and rhythm of pieces as well as transitions from one section to another, while one instrument gives melodic cues to indicate treatment or sections of a piece. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Typical_Javanese_gamelan_instruments">Typical Javanese gamelan instruments</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gamelan&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Typical Javanese gamelan instruments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the courts of Java, Javanese gamelan is grouped into 2 groups of gamelan, namely gamelan Pakurmatan and gamelan Ageng. Gamelan pakurmatan is the gamelan used for special Javanese court events and all of them are sacred gamelan. The gamelan pakurmatan consists of the gamelan kodhok ngorek, the gamelan monggang, the gamelan sekati, and the gamelan carabalen. As for the gamelan ageng is considered the most complete in the Javanese court. The Gamelan Ageng instruments are usually owned by the general public (artists, schools, studios, and other communities) in Java and outside Java. This gamelan is used to accompany arts or rituals either in the palace or in the general public, the gamelan can use a complete gamelan or less.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>A set of complete Javanese Gamelan Ageng Ensemble maintained by the Javanese court consists of: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 23em;"> <ol><li>2 Sets <a href="/wiki/Bonang" title="Bonang">Bonang</a> Penembung</li> <li>2 Sets <a href="/wiki/Bonang" title="Bonang">Bonang</a> Barung (Bonang)</li> <li>2 Sets <a href="/wiki/Bonang" title="Bonang">Bonang</a> Penerus</li> <li>2 Sets <a href="/wiki/Kenong" title="Kenong">Kenong</a></li> <li>2 Pieces <a href="/wiki/Kethuk" class="mw-redirect" title="Kethuk">Kethuk</a></li> <li>2 Pieces <a href="/wiki/Kempyang" class="mw-redirect" title="Kempyang">Kempyang</a></li> <li>2 Sets <a href="/wiki/Slenthem" title="Slenthem">Slenthem</a></li> <li>3 Sets <a href="/wiki/Gend%C3%A8r" title="Gendèr">Gendèr</a> Barung (Gendèr)</li> <li>3 Sets <a href="/wiki/Gend%C3%A8r" title="Gendèr">Gendèr</a> Penerus</li> <li>2 Sets <a href="/wiki/Saron_(instrument)" title="Saron (instrument)">Saron</a> <a href="/wiki/Demung" class="mw-redirect" title="Demung">Demung</a> (Demung)</li> <li>4 Sets <a href="/wiki/Saron_(instrument)" title="Saron (instrument)">Saron</a> Barung (Saron/Saron Ricik)</li> <li>2 Sets <a href="/wiki/Saron_(instrument)" title="Saron (instrument)">Saron</a> Peking (Peking/Saron Penerus)</li> <li>2 Pieces <a href="/wiki/Gong_ageng" title="Gong ageng">Gong Ageng</a> (Gong Besar)</li> <li>2 Pieces <a href="/wiki/Gong" title="Gong">Gong</a> Suwukan (Gong Siyem)</li> <li>2 Sets <a href="/wiki/Kempul" title="Kempul">Kempul</a></li> <li>1 Piece <a href="/wiki/Kendang" title="Kendang">Kendang</a> Ageng (Kendhang Gending)</li> <li>1 Piece <a href="/wiki/Kendang" title="Kendang">Kendang</a> Ciblon (Batangan)</li> <li>1 Piece <a href="/wiki/Kendang" title="Kendang">Kendang</a> Sabet (Kendhang Wayangan)</li> <li>1 Piece <a href="/wiki/Kendang" title="Kendang">Kendang</a> Ketipung (Ketipung)</li> <li>1 Piece <a href="/wiki/Bedug" title="Bedug">Bedug</a></li> <li>2 Pieces <a href="/wiki/Rebab" title="Rebab">Rebab</a></li> <li>2 Sets <a href="/wiki/Gambang_(instrument)" title="Gambang (instrument)">Gambang</a></li> <li>2 Pieces <a href="/wiki/Siter" title="Siter">Siter</a></li> <li>2 Pieces <a href="/wiki/Celempung" class="mw-redirect" title="Celempung">Celempung</a></li> <li>2 Pieces <a href="/wiki/Suling" title="Suling">Suling</a> (Seruling)</li> <li>1 Piece <a href="/wiki/Kecer" title="Kecer">Kecer</a></li> <li>3 Pieces <a href="/wiki/Kepyak" title="Kepyak">Kepyak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhen" class="mw-redirect" title="Sindhen">Sindhen</a> – Female singer in a gamelan</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerong" title="Gerong">Gerong</a> – Male singer in a gamelan</li> <li>Nayaga (Wiyaga) – Gamelan musicians</li></ol> </div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional" style="max-width: 1365px;"> <li class="gallerycaption">Typical Javanese Gamelan Instruments</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 265px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 260px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gamelan_Jawa_Indonesia_Gong_Kempul.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kempul"><img alt="Kempul" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Gamelan_Jawa_Indonesia_Gong_Kempul.jpg/230px-Gamelan_Jawa_Indonesia_Gong_Kempul.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Gamelan_Jawa_Indonesia_Gong_Kempul.jpg/345px-Gamelan_Jawa_Indonesia_Gong_Kempul.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Gamelan_Jawa_Indonesia_Gong_Kempul.jpg/460px-Gamelan_Jawa_Indonesia_Gong_Kempul.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Kempul" title="Kempul">Kempul</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 265px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 260px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gong_(gamelan_instrument)_Kempul_TMnr_4423-2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gong Ageng"><img alt="Gong Ageng" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gong_%28gamelan_instrument%29_Kempul_TMnr_4423-2.jpg/230px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gong_%28gamelan_instrument%29_Kempul_TMnr_4423-2.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gong_%28gamelan_instrument%29_Kempul_TMnr_4423-2.jpg/345px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gong_%28gamelan_instrument%29_Kempul_TMnr_4423-2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gong_%28gamelan_instrument%29_Kempul_TMnr_4423-2.jpg/460px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gong_%28gamelan_instrument%29_Kempul_TMnr_4423-2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="526" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Gong_ageng" title="Gong ageng">Gong Ageng</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 265px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 260px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gamelan_Jawa_-_Set_Kenong.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kenong"><img alt="Kenong" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Gamelan_Jawa_-_Set_Kenong.jpg/230px-Gamelan_Jawa_-_Set_Kenong.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Gamelan_Jawa_-_Set_Kenong.jpg/345px-Gamelan_Jawa_-_Set_Kenong.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Gamelan_Jawa_-_Set_Kenong.jpg/460px-Gamelan_Jawa_-_Set_Kenong.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1080" data-file-height="810" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Kenong" title="Kenong">Kenong</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 265px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 260px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gamelan_Jawa_-_Set_Bonang01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bonang"><img alt="Bonang" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Gamelan_Jawa_-_Set_Bonang01.jpg/230px-Gamelan_Jawa_-_Set_Bonang01.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Gamelan_Jawa_-_Set_Bonang01.jpg/345px-Gamelan_Jawa_-_Set_Bonang01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Gamelan_Jawa_-_Set_Bonang01.jpg/460px-Gamelan_Jawa_-_Set_Bonang01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1080" data-file-height="809" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Bonang" title="Bonang">Bonang</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 265px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 260px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gamelan_Jawa_Saron_Demung_Anyar.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Demung"><img alt="Demung" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Gamelan_Jawa_Saron_Demung_Anyar.jpg/230px-Gamelan_Jawa_Saron_Demung_Anyar.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Gamelan_Jawa_Saron_Demung_Anyar.jpg/345px-Gamelan_Jawa_Saron_Demung_Anyar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Gamelan_Jawa_Saron_Demung_Anyar.jpg/460px-Gamelan_Jawa_Saron_Demung_Anyar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Demung" class="mw-redirect" title="Demung">Demung</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 265px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 260px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Metallofoon_met_zes_toetsen_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-11.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Saron"><img alt="Saron" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Metallofoon_met_zes_toetsen_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-11.jpg/230px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Metallofoon_met_zes_toetsen_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-11.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Metallofoon_met_zes_toetsen_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-11.jpg/345px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Metallofoon_met_zes_toetsen_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-11.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Metallofoon_met_zes_toetsen_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-11.jpg/460px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Metallofoon_met_zes_toetsen_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-11.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="531" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Saron_(instrument)" title="Saron (instrument)">Saron</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 265px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 260px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gamelan_Jawa_-_Saron_Peking.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Peking"><img alt="Peking" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gamelan_Jawa_-_Saron_Peking.jpg/230px-Gamelan_Jawa_-_Saron_Peking.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gamelan_Jawa_-_Saron_Peking.jpg/345px-Gamelan_Jawa_-_Saron_Peking.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gamelan_Jawa_-_Saron_Peking.jpg/460px-Gamelan_Jawa_-_Saron_Peking.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Saron_(instrument)" title="Saron (instrument)">Peking</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 265px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 260px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Metallofoon_met_veertien_toetsen_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-4.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gendèr"><img alt="Gendèr" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Metallofoon_met_veertien_toetsen_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-4.jpg/230px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Metallofoon_met_veertien_toetsen_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-4.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Metallofoon_met_veertien_toetsen_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-4.jpg/345px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Metallofoon_met_veertien_toetsen_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Metallofoon_met_veertien_toetsen_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-4.jpg/460px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Metallofoon_met_veertien_toetsen_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="573" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Gend%C3%A8r" title="Gendèr">Gendèr</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 265px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 260px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Metallofoon_bestaande_uit_zeven_toetsen_en_een_onderstel_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Slenthem"><img alt="Slenthem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Metallofoon_bestaande_uit_zeven_toetsen_en_een_onderstel_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-1.jpg/230px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Metallofoon_bestaande_uit_zeven_toetsen_en_een_onderstel_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-1.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="183" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Metallofoon_bestaande_uit_zeven_toetsen_en_een_onderstel_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-1.jpg/345px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Metallofoon_bestaande_uit_zeven_toetsen_en_een_onderstel_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Metallofoon_bestaande_uit_zeven_toetsen_en_een_onderstel_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-1.jpg/460px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Metallofoon_bestaande_uit_zeven_toetsen_en_een_onderstel_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="637" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Slenthem" title="Slenthem">Slenthem</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 265px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 260px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Dubbelvellige_tonvormige_trom_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-7.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kendang"><img alt="Kendang" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Dubbelvellige_tonvormige_trom_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-7.jpg/230px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Dubbelvellige_tonvormige_trom_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-7.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Dubbelvellige_tonvormige_trom_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-7.jpg/345px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Dubbelvellige_tonvormige_trom_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-7.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Dubbelvellige_tonvormige_trom_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-7.jpg/460px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Dubbelvellige_tonvormige_trom_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-7.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="620" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Kendang" title="Kendang">Kendang</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 265px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 260px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Trom_hangend_aan_een_standaard_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-27.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bedug"><img alt="Bedug" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Trom_hangend_aan_een_standaard_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-27.jpg/208px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Trom_hangend_aan_een_standaard_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-27.jpg" decoding="async" width="208" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Trom_hangend_aan_een_standaard_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-27.jpg/312px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Trom_hangend_aan_een_standaard_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-27.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Trom_hangend_aan_een_standaard_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-27.jpg/416px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Trom_hangend_aan_een_standaard_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-27.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="770" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Bedug" title="Bedug">Bedug</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 265px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 260px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Xylofoon_met_twintig_toetsen_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-9.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gambang"><img alt="Gambang" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Xylofoon_met_twintig_toetsen_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-9.jpg/230px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Xylofoon_met_twintig_toetsen_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-9.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Xylofoon_met_twintig_toetsen_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-9.jpg/345px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Xylofoon_met_twintig_toetsen_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-9.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Xylofoon_met_twintig_toetsen_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-9.jpg/460px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Xylofoon_met_twintig_toetsen_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-9.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="564" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Gambang_(instrument)" title="Gambang (instrument)">Gambang</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 265px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 260px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gong_hangend_in_frame_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-21.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kethuk/Kempyang"><img alt="Kethuk/Kempyang" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gong_hangend_in_frame_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-21.jpg/213px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gong_hangend_in_frame_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-21.jpg" decoding="async" width="213" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gong_hangend_in_frame_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-21.jpg/319px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gong_hangend_in_frame_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-21.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gong_hangend_in_frame_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-21.jpg/425px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gong_hangend_in_frame_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-21.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="753" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Kethuk" class="mw-redirect" title="Kethuk">Kethuk</a>/<a href="/wiki/Kempyang" class="mw-redirect" title="Kempyang">Kempyang</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 265px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 260px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Citer_met_26_snaren_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-10.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Celempung"><img alt="Celempung" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Citer_met_26_snaren_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-10.jpg/131px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Citer_met_26_snaren_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-10.jpg" decoding="async" width="131" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Citer_met_26_snaren_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-10.jpg/197px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Citer_met_26_snaren_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-10.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Citer_met_26_snaren_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-10.jpg/262px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Citer_met_26_snaren_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Slendro_TMnr_500-10.jpg 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Celempung" class="mw-redirect" title="Celempung">Celempung</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 265px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 260px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Citer_TMnr_6216-1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Siter"><img alt="Siter" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Citer_TMnr_6216-1.jpg/230px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Citer_TMnr_6216-1.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Citer_TMnr_6216-1.jpg/345px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Citer_TMnr_6216-1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Citer_TMnr_6216-1.jpg/460px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Citer_TMnr_6216-1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="382" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Siter" title="Siter">Siter</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 265px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 260px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Klankkast_van_langhalsluit_TMnr_5057-2a.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rebab"><img alt="Rebab" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Klankkast_van_langhalsluit_TMnr_5057-2a.jpg/230px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Klankkast_van_langhalsluit_TMnr_5057-2a.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Klankkast_van_langhalsluit_TMnr_5057-2a.jpg/345px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Klankkast_van_langhalsluit_TMnr_5057-2a.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Klankkast_van_langhalsluit_TMnr_5057-2a.jpg/460px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Klankkast_van_langhalsluit_TMnr_5057-2a.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="478" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Rebab" title="Rebab">Rebab</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 265px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 260px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Bandfluit_van_bamboe_met_vier_vingergaten_TMnr_H-1783.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Suling or Seruling"><img alt="Suling or Seruling" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Bandfluit_van_bamboe_met_vier_vingergaten_TMnr_H-1783.jpg/230px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Bandfluit_van_bamboe_met_vier_vingergaten_TMnr_H-1783.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Bandfluit_van_bamboe_met_vier_vingergaten_TMnr_H-1783.jpg/345px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Bandfluit_van_bamboe_met_vier_vingergaten_TMnr_H-1783.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Bandfluit_van_bamboe_met_vier_vingergaten_TMnr_H-1783.jpg/460px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Bandfluit_van_bamboe_met_vier_vingergaten_TMnr_H-1783.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="568" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Suling" title="Suling">Suling</a> or Seruling</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 265px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 260px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Bekken_van_messing_TMnr_2711-1a.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kemanak"><img alt="Kemanak" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Bekken_van_messing_TMnr_2711-1a.jpg/230px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Bekken_van_messing_TMnr_2711-1a.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Bekken_van_messing_TMnr_2711-1a.jpg/345px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Bekken_van_messing_TMnr_2711-1a.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Bekken_van_messing_TMnr_2711-1a.jpg/460px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Bekken_van_messing_TMnr_2711-1a.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="563" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Kemanak" title="Kemanak">Kemanak</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 265px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 260px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kecer.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kecer"><img alt="Kecer" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Kecer.jpg/230px-Kecer.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="191" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Kecer.jpg/345px-Kecer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Kecer.jpg/460px-Kecer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="596" data-file-height="496" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Kecer" title="Kecer">Kecer</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 265px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 260px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Slaginstrument_van_metaal_TMnr_2267-213c.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Keprak"><img alt="Keprak" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Slaginstrument_van_metaal_TMnr_2267-213c.jpg/230px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Slaginstrument_van_metaal_TMnr_2267-213c.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Slaginstrument_van_metaal_TMnr_2267-213c.jpg/345px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Slaginstrument_van_metaal_TMnr_2267-213c.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Slaginstrument_van_metaal_TMnr_2267-213c.jpg/460px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Slaginstrument_van_metaal_TMnr_2267-213c.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="526" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Keprak" class="mw-redirect" title="Keprak">Keprak</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Typical_Balinese_gamelan_instruments">Typical Balinese gamelan instruments</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gamelan&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Typical Balinese gamelan instruments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Bali" title="Bali">Bali</a>, the Gamelan instruments are all kept together in a <i>balé</i>, a large open space with a roof over the top of it and several open sides. Gambelan (the <a href="/wiki/Balinese_language" title="Balinese language">Balinese</a> term) are owned by a <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Banjar_(Bali)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Banjar (Bali) (page does not exist)">banjar</a></i>, nobility or temples and kept in their respective compounds. In case of <i>banjar</i> ownership the instruments are all kept there together because people believe that all the instruments belong to the community as a whole and that no one person has ownership over an instrument. Not only is this where the instruments are stored, but this is also the practice space for the <i>sekaha</i> (Gamelan orchestra group). The open walls allow for the music to flow out into the community where the rest of the people may enjoy it. Balinese gamelan cannot be heard inside closed rooms, because it easily crosses the <a href="/wiki/Threshold_of_pain#In_hearing" title="Threshold of pain">threshold of pain</a>. This does not apply to small ensembles like a gamelan <i><a href="/wiki/Gend%C3%A9r" class="mw-redirect" title="Gendér">gendér</a></i>. </p><p>The <i>sekaha</i> is led by a single instructor whose job it is in the community to lead this group and to come up with new pieces. When they are working on a new piece, the instructor will lead the group in practice and help the group form the new music as they are practicing. When the instructor creates a new song, he leaves enough open for interpretation that the group can improvise, so the group will write the music as they practice it. There are many styles in Balinese gamelan. <i><a href="/wiki/Kebyar" class="mw-redirect" title="Kebyar">Kebyar</a></i> is one of the most recent ones. Some Balinese gamelan groups constantly change their music by taking older pieces they know and mixing them together, as well as trying new variations of the music. Their music constantly changes because they believe that music should grow and change; the only exception to this is with their most sacred songs which they do not change. A single new piece of music can take several months before it is completed. Men and women usually perform in separate groups. </p><p>A set of complete Balinese gamelan ensemble consists of: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 23em;"> <ol><li>1 set (12 pieces) <a href="/wiki/Reyong" title="Reyong">Reyong</a></li> <li>1 set (10 pieces) <a href="/wiki/Gamelan_gong_kebyar#Trompong" title="Gamelan gong kebyar">Trompong</a></li> <li>1 piece <a href="/wiki/Gong" title="Gong">Gong</a> Wadon</li> <li>1 piece <a href="/wiki/Gong" title="Gong">Gong</a> Lanang</li> <li>1 piece <a href="/wiki/Gong" title="Gong">Gong</a> Kempur</li> <li>1 piece <a href="/wiki/Gong" title="Gong">Gong</a> Klentong</li> <li>1 piece <a href="/wiki/Gong" title="Gong">Gong</a> Bende</li> <li>1 Set <a href="/wiki/Kenong" title="Kenong">Kenong</a> (Kajar)</li> <li>1 piece <a href="/wiki/Kethuk" class="mw-redirect" title="Kethuk">Kethuk</a> (Kempli)</li> <li>2 sets <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jiy%C3%A8ng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jiyèng (page does not exist)">Jiyèng</a> (Ugal)</li> <li>4 sets <a href="/wiki/Gangsa" title="Gangsa">Gangsa</a> (Pemande)</li> <li>4 sets <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kanthilan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kanthilan (page does not exist)">Kanthilan</a></li> <li>2 sets <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jublag&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jublag (page does not exist)">Jublag</a></li> <li>2 sets <a href="/wiki/Jegogan" class="mw-redirect" title="Jegogan">Jegogan</a></li> <li>2 sets <a href="/w/index.php?title=Penyacah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Penyacah (page does not exist)">Penyacah</a> Kenyur</li> <li>2 sets <a href="/wiki/Gend%C3%A8r" title="Gendèr">Gendèr</a> Rambat</li> <li>1 set <a href="/w/index.php?title=C%C3%A8ng-c%C3%A8ng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cèng-cèng (page does not exist)">Cèng-cèng</a> Ricik</li> <li>8 sets <a href="/w/index.php?title=C%C3%A8ng-c%C3%A8ng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cèng-cèng (page does not exist)">Cèng-cèng</a> Kepyak</li> <li>2 pieces <a href="/wiki/Kendang" title="Kendang">Kendang</a> Semaradana (Cedugan)</li> <li>2 pieces <a href="/wiki/Kendang" title="Kendang">Kendang</a> Batel (Krumpung)</li> <li>1 set Gentorak</li> <li>3 pieces <a href="/wiki/Suling" title="Suling">Suling</a></li> <li>Nayaga (Wiyaga) – Gamelan musicians</li></ol> </div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional" style="max-width: 1365px;"> <li class="gallerycaption">Typical Balinese gamelan instruments</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 265px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 260px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Gong_Lanang.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gong Lanang"><img alt="Gong Lanang" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Gong_Lanang.jpg/117px-Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Gong_Lanang.jpg" decoding="async" width="117" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Gong_Lanang.jpg/176px-Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Gong_Lanang.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Gong_Lanang.jpg/235px-Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Gong_Lanang.jpg 2x" data-file-width="628" data-file-height="1070" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Gong" title="Gong">Gong</a> Lanang</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 265px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 260px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Gong_Wadon.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gong Wadon"><img alt="Gong Wadon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Gong_Wadon.jpg/150px-Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Gong_Wadon.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Gong_Wadon.jpg/225px-Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Gong_Wadon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Gong_Wadon.jpg/300px-Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Gong_Wadon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="864" data-file-height="1152" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Gong" title="Gong">Gong</a> Wadon</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 265px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 260px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gong_hangend_in_een_standaard_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Semar_Pagulingan_TMnr_1340-13.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gong Klentong"><img alt="Gong Klentong" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gong_hangend_in_een_standaard_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Semar_Pagulingan_TMnr_1340-13.jpg/177px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gong_hangend_in_een_standaard_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Semar_Pagulingan_TMnr_1340-13.jpg" decoding="async" width="177" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gong_hangend_in_een_standaard_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Semar_Pagulingan_TMnr_1340-13.jpg/265px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gong_hangend_in_een_standaard_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Semar_Pagulingan_TMnr_1340-13.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gong_hangend_in_een_standaard_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Semar_Pagulingan_TMnr_1340-13.jpg/353px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gong_hangend_in_een_standaard_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Semar_Pagulingan_TMnr_1340-13.jpg 2x" data-file-width="707" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Gong" title="Gong">Gong</a> Klentong</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 265px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 260px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Balinese_Gamelan_-_Trompong.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Trompong"><img alt="Trompong" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Balinese_Gamelan_-_Trompong.jpg/230px-Balinese_Gamelan_-_Trompong.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Balinese_Gamelan_-_Trompong.jpg/345px-Balinese_Gamelan_-_Trompong.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Balinese_Gamelan_-_Trompong.jpg/460px-Balinese_Gamelan_-_Trompong.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1004" data-file-height="553" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Trompong</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 265px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 260px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Reyong.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Reyong"><img alt="Reyong" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Reyong.jpg/230px-Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Reyong.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Reyong.jpg/345px-Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Reyong.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Reyong.jpg/460px-Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Reyong.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Reyong</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 265px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 260px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Baline_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Ugal.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ugal"><img alt="Ugal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Baline_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Ugal.jpg/230px-Baline_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Ugal.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Baline_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Ugal.jpg/345px-Baline_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Ugal.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Baline_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Ugal.jpg/460px-Baline_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Ugal.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Ugal</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 265px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 260px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Kantilan.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kantilan"><img alt="Kantilan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Kantilan.jpg/230px-Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Kantilan.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Kantilan.jpg/345px-Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Kantilan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Kantilan.jpg/460px-Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Kantilan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Kantilan</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 265px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 260px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Gangse_or_Pemade.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pemade"><img alt="Pemade" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Gangse_or_Pemade.jpg/230px-Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Gangse_or_Pemade.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Gangse_or_Pemade.jpg/345px-Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Gangse_or_Pemade.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Gangse_or_Pemade.jpg/460px-Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Gangse_or_Pemade.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Pemade</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 265px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 260px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Penyacah_or_Kenyur.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kenyur"><img alt="Kenyur" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Penyacah_or_Kenyur.jpg/230px-Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Penyacah_or_Kenyur.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Penyacah_or_Kenyur.jpg/345px-Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Penyacah_or_Kenyur.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Penyacah_or_Kenyur.jpg/460px-Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Penyacah_or_Kenyur.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Kenyur</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 265px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 260px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Jegogan.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jegogan"><img alt="Jegogan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Jegogan.jpg/230px-Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Jegogan.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Jegogan.jpg/345px-Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Jegogan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Jegogan.jpg/460px-Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Jegogan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Jegogan</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 265px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 260px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Jublag.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jublag"><img alt="Jublag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Jublag.jpg/230px-Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Jublag.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Jublag.jpg/345px-Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Jublag.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Jublag.jpg/460px-Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Jublag.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Jublag</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 265px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 260px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gong_van_messing_met_bijbehorend_houten_standaard_en_slagstok_TMnr_1772-591a.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Klenang"><img alt="Klenang" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gong_van_messing_met_bijbehorend_houten_standaard_en_slagstok_TMnr_1772-591a.jpg/230px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gong_van_messing_met_bijbehorend_houten_standaard_en_slagstok_TMnr_1772-591a.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gong_van_messing_met_bijbehorend_houten_standaard_en_slagstok_TMnr_1772-591a.jpg/345px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gong_van_messing_met_bijbehorend_houten_standaard_en_slagstok_TMnr_1772-591a.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gong_van_messing_met_bijbehorend_houten_standaard_en_slagstok_TMnr_1772-591a.jpg/460px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gong_van_messing_met_bijbehorend_houten_standaard_en_slagstok_TMnr_1772-591a.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="526" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Klenang</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 265px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 260px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gamelan_of_Bali_200507-3.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kendang Semaradana"><img alt="Kendang Semaradana" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Gamelan_of_Bali_200507-3.jpg/230px-Gamelan_of_Bali_200507-3.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Gamelan_of_Bali_200507-3.jpg/345px-Gamelan_of_Bali_200507-3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Gamelan_of_Bali_200507-3.jpg/460px-Gamelan_of_Bali_200507-3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Kendang" title="Kendang">Kendang</a> Semaradana</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 265px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 260px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Balines_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Ceng_ceng_Kepyak.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ceng-ceng Kepyak"><img alt="Ceng-ceng Kepyak" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Balines_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Ceng_ceng_Kepyak.jpg/150px-Balines_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Ceng_ceng_Kepyak.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Balines_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Ceng_ceng_Kepyak.jpg/225px-Balines_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Ceng_ceng_Kepyak.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Balines_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Ceng_ceng_Kepyak.jpg/300px-Balines_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Ceng_ceng_Kepyak.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="1280" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Ceng-ceng Kepyak</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 265px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 260px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Ceng_ceng_Ricik.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ceng-ceng Ricik"><img alt="Ceng-ceng Ricik" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Ceng_ceng_Ricik.jpg/230px-Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Ceng_ceng_Ricik.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Ceng_ceng_Ricik.jpg/345px-Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Ceng_ceng_Ricik.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Ceng_ceng_Ricik.jpg/460px-Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Ceng_ceng_Ricik.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Ceng-ceng Ricik</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 265px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 260px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Gentora.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gentora"><img alt="Gentora" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Gentora.jpg/112px-Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Gentora.jpg" decoding="async" width="112" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Gentora.jpg/169px-Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Gentora.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Gentora.jpg/225px-Balinese_Gamelan_of_Indonesia_-_Gentora.jpg 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="1280" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Gentora</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 265px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 260px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Suling.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Suling gambuh"><img alt="Suling gambuh" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Suling.jpg/230px-Suling.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Suling.jpg/345px-Suling.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Suling.jpg/460px-Suling.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3078" data-file-height="1597" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Suling" title="Suling">Suling</a> gambuh</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 265px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 260px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gamelan_gender_wayang,_Puri_Lumbung_Jan_2012_Made_Terip_and_Ketut_Mostal.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Gender wayang"><img alt="Gender wayang" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Gamelan_gender_wayang%2C_Puri_Lumbung_Jan_2012_Made_Terip_and_Ketut_Mostal.JPG/230px-Gamelan_gender_wayang%2C_Puri_Lumbung_Jan_2012_Made_Terip_and_Ketut_Mostal.JPG" decoding="async" width="230" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Gamelan_gender_wayang%2C_Puri_Lumbung_Jan_2012_Made_Terip_and_Ketut_Mostal.JPG/345px-Gamelan_gender_wayang%2C_Puri_Lumbung_Jan_2012_Made_Terip_and_Ketut_Mostal.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Gamelan_gender_wayang%2C_Puri_Lumbung_Jan_2012_Made_Terip_and_Ketut_Mostal.JPG/460px-Gamelan_gender_wayang%2C_Puri_Lumbung_Jan_2012_Made_Terip_and_Ketut_Mostal.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3226" data-file-height="2149" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Gender wayang</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 265px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 260px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bali,_gamelan_player_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rindhik"><img alt="Rindhik" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Bali%2C_gamelan_player_2.jpg/230px-Bali%2C_gamelan_player_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Bali%2C_gamelan_player_2.jpg/345px-Bali%2C_gamelan_player_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Bali%2C_gamelan_player_2.jpg/460px-Bali%2C_gamelan_player_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4320" data-file-height="2880" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Rindhik</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 265px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 260px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Metallofoon_met_vijftien_toetsen_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Semar_Pagulingan_TMnr_1340-31.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Curing"><img alt="Curing" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Metallofoon_met_vijftien_toetsen_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Semar_Pagulingan_TMnr_1340-31.jpg/230px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Metallofoon_met_vijftien_toetsen_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Semar_Pagulingan_TMnr_1340-31.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Metallofoon_met_vijftien_toetsen_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Semar_Pagulingan_TMnr_1340-31.jpg/345px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Metallofoon_met_vijftien_toetsen_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Semar_Pagulingan_TMnr_1340-31.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Metallofoon_met_vijftien_toetsen_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Semar_Pagulingan_TMnr_1340-31.jpg/460px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Metallofoon_met_vijftien_toetsen_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Semar_Pagulingan_TMnr_1340-31.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="526" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Curing</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notation">Notation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gamelan&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Notation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Gamelan_notation" title="Gamelan notation">Gamelan notation</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Asian_Civilisations_Museum,_Empress_Place_19,_Aug_06.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Asian_Civilisations_Museum%2C_Empress_Place_19%2C_Aug_06.JPG/360px-Asian_Civilisations_Museum%2C_Empress_Place_19%2C_Aug_06.JPG" decoding="async" width="360" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Asian_Civilisations_Museum%2C_Empress_Place_19%2C_Aug_06.JPG/540px-Asian_Civilisations_Museum%2C_Empress_Place_19%2C_Aug_06.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Asian_Civilisations_Museum%2C_Empress_Place_19%2C_Aug_06.JPG/720px-Asian_Civilisations_Museum%2C_Empress_Place_19%2C_Aug_06.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1552" data-file-height="840" /></a><figcaption>Javanese Gamelan in <a href="/wiki/Asian_Civilisations_Museum" title="Asian Civilisations Museum">Asian Civilisations Museum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The tuning and construction of a gamelan orchestra is a complex process.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Javanese gamelan use two <a href="/wiki/Musical_tuning" title="Musical tuning">tuning systems</a>: <i><a href="/wiki/Sl%C3%A9ndro" class="mw-redirect" title="Sléndro">sléndro</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A9log" class="mw-redirect" title="Pélog">pélog</a></i>. There are other tuning systems such as <i><a href="/wiki/Degung" class="mw-redirect" title="Degung">degung</a></i> (exclusive to Sunda, or West Java, similar to a Japanese <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ryukyuan_scale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ryukyuan scale (page does not exist)">ryukyuan scale</a></i>), and <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madenda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Madenda (page does not exist)">madenda</a></i> (similar to a Japanese <a href="/wiki/Hirajoshi_scale" class="mw-redirect" title="Hirajoshi scale">hirajoshi scale</a>). In central Javanese gamelan, <i>sléndro</i> is a system with five <a href="/wiki/Musical_note" title="Musical note">notes</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Octave" title="Octave">octave</a>, with large intervals, while <i>pélog</i> has seven notes to the octave, with uneven <a href="/wiki/Interval_(music)" title="Interval (music)">intervals</a>, usually played in five note subsets of the seven-tone collection. A full gamelan will include a set of instruments in each tuning, and classically only one tuning is used at a time. The precise tuning used differs from ensemble to ensemble and gives each ensemble its own particular flavor. A set of gamelan instruments will be tuned to the same set of notes, but the tuning will vary from one gamelan to the next, including variations in the size of intervals. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Colin_McPhee" title="Colin McPhee">Colin McPhee</a>, a Canadian composer who spent much time in Bali, remarked, "Deviations in what is considered the same scale are so large that one might with reason state that there are as many scales as there are gamelans."<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This view is contested, however, by some teachers of gamelan, and there have been efforts to combine multiple ensembles and tuning structures into one gamelan to ease transportation at festival time. One such ensemble is gamelan <i>Manikasanti</i>, which can play the repertoire of many different ensembles. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:165_Museu_de_la_M%C3%BAsica,_gamelan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/165_Museu_de_la_M%C3%BAsica%2C_gamelan.jpg/360px-165_Museu_de_la_M%C3%BAsica%2C_gamelan.jpg" decoding="async" width="360" height="218" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/165_Museu_de_la_M%C3%BAsica%2C_gamelan.jpg/540px-165_Museu_de_la_M%C3%BAsica%2C_gamelan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/165_Museu_de_la_M%C3%BAsica%2C_gamelan.jpg/720px-165_Museu_de_la_M%C3%BAsica%2C_gamelan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption>Balinese Gamelan in <a href="/wiki/Museu_de_la_M%C3%BAsica_de_Barcelona" title="Museu de la Música de Barcelona">Museu de la Música de Barcelona</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Balinese gamelan instruments are built in pairs that are tuned slightly apart to produce interference <a href="/wiki/Beat_(acoustics)" title="Beat (acoustics)">beats</a>, ideally at a consistent speed for all pairs of notes in all registers. This concept is referred to as "ombak," translating to "wave," communicating the idea of cyclical undulation. One instrument, tuned slightly higher, is thought of as the "inhale," and the other, slightly lower, is called the "exhale" (Also called the "blower" and the "sucker," or <i>pengimbang</i> and <i>pengisep</i> in Bali). When the inhale and the exhale are combined, beating is produced, meant to represent the beating of the heart, or the symbol of being alive. It is thought that this contributes to the "shimmering" sound of Balinese gamelan ensembles. In the religious ceremonies that contain gamelan, these interference beats are meant to give the listener a feeling of a god's presence or a stepping stone to a meditative state. The scale roughly approximates that of the <a href="/wiki/Phrygian_mode" title="Phrygian mode">phrygian mode</a> of the Western major scale (E-E on the white keys of the piano), with the notes EFGBC corresponding to the note positions 12356 in the <i>slendro</i> scale used by most gamelan.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In addition to non-western scales, <a href="/wiki/Java" title="Java">Javanese</a> gamelan uses a combination of tempo and density known as <i><a href="/wiki/Irama" title="Irama">Irama</a></i>, relating how many beats on the <i><a href="/wiki/Saron_panerus" class="mw-redirect" title="Saron panerus">saron panerus</a></i> instrument there are to notes in the core melody or <i><a href="/wiki/Balungan" title="Balungan">balungan</a></i>; density is considered primary.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Slendro">Slendro</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gamelan&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Slendro"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Slendro notation generally produces a light, cheerful atmosphere and feels busier. This is evidenced by the scenes in the <a href="/wiki/Wayang_kulit" title="Wayang kulit">wayang kulit</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wayang_wong" title="Wayang wong">wayang wong</a> performances such as scenes of war and marching that accompanied by slendro notation. The use of the slendro can also have the opposite impression, such as sad or romantic. As in the case of gending that uses a slendro miring. Slendro miring is a slendro notation tone that is played out of place on purpose. Therefore, there are many scenes of homesickness, love missing, sadness, death, languishing accompanied by slendro tunes. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pelog">Pelog</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gamelan&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Pelog"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Pelog" title="Pelog">Pelog</a> notation produces an atmosphere that gives the impression of being manly, regal, and sacred, especially in the musical play that uses the pelog nem (six) notation. Therefore, there are many scenes that are accompanied by pelog tunings, such as scenes where a king enters the pamelegan (place of worship), scenes of heartache, scenes of anger, or scenes that express revenge. However, in the play of certain notes, the pelog tunings can also give the impression of being happy, light, and lively, for example in the music played on the pelog tunings of barang. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kepatihan">Kepatihan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gamelan&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Kepatihan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_rebabspeler_TMnr_60052115.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_rebabspeler_TMnr_60052115.jpg/200px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_rebabspeler_TMnr_60052115.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="289" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_rebabspeler_TMnr_60052115.jpg/300px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_rebabspeler_TMnr_60052115.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_rebabspeler_TMnr_60052115.jpg/400px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_rebabspeler_TMnr_60052115.jpg 2x" data-file-width="485" data-file-height="700" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/K.P.H._Notoprojo" class="mw-redirect" title="K.P.H. Notoprojo">K.P.H. Notoprojo</a>, a famous Indonesian <a href="/wiki/Javanese_people" title="Javanese people">Javanese</a> Gamelan and <a href="/wiki/Rebab" title="Rebab">Rebab</a> player, between 1945 and 1955</figcaption></figure> <p>Gamelan music is traditionally not notated and began as an <a href="/wiki/Oral_tradition" title="Oral tradition">oral tradition</a>. In the 19th century, however, the kraton (palaces) of <a href="/wiki/Yogyakarta" title="Yogyakarta">Yogyakarta</a> and <a href="/wiki/Surakarta" title="Surakarta">Surakarta</a> developed distinct notations for transcribing the repertoire. These were not used to read the music, which was memorized, but to preserve pieces in the court records. The Yogyanese notation is a checkerboard notation, which uses six or seven vertical lines to represent notes of higher pitch in the <a href="/wiki/Balungan" title="Balungan">balungan</a> (melodic framework), and horizontal lines which represent the series of beats, read downward with time. The fourth vertical line and every fourth horizontal line (completing a <i><a href="/wiki/Gatra_(music)" title="Gatra (music)">gatra</a></i>) are darkened for legibility. Symbols on the left indicate the <a href="/wiki/Colotomy" title="Colotomy">colotomic or metric structure</a> of gongs and so forth, while specific drum features are notated in symbols to the right. The Solonese notation reads horizontally, like Western notation, but does not use barlines. Instead, note values and rests are squiggled between the notes.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Today this notation is relatively rare, and has been replaced by <a href="/wiki/Kepatihan_notation" class="mw-redirect" title="Kepatihan notation">kepatihan notation</a>, which is based on the <a href="/wiki/Galin-Paris-Chev%C3%A9_system" title="Galin-Paris-Chevé system">Galin-Paris-Chevé system</a>. Kepatihan notation developed around 1900 at the <a href="/wiki/Kepatihan" class="mw-redirect" title="Kepatihan">kepatihan</a> Palace in Surakarta, which had become a high-school conservatory. The pitches are numbered (see the articles on the scales <i><a href="/wiki/Slendro" title="Slendro">slendro</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A9log" class="mw-redirect" title="Pélog">pélog</a></i> for an explanation of how), and are read across with dots below or above the numbers indicating the register, and lines above notes showing time values; In vocal notation, there are also brackets under groups of notes to indicate melisma. Like the palace notation, however, Kepatihan records mostly the <i>balungan</i> part and its metric phrases as marked by a variety of gongs. The other parts are created in real time, and depend on the knowledge each musician has of his instrument, and his awareness of what others are playing; this "realization" is sometimes called "garap." Some teachers have also devised certain notations, generally using kepatihan principles, for the <i><a href="/wiki/Cengkok" title="Cengkok">cengkok</a></i> (melodic patterns) of the <a href="/wiki/Elaborating_instruments" class="mw-redirect" title="Elaborating instruments">elaborating instruments</a>. Some ethnomusicologists, trained in European music, may make transcriptions onto a Western staff. This entails particular challenges of tuning and time, sometimes resulting in unusual <a href="/wiki/Clef" title="Clef">clefs</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Varieties">Varieties</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gamelan&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Varieties"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_gamelan_varieties" title="List of gamelan varieties">List of gamelan varieties</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gong_and_Chime_Culture_Map.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Gong_and_Chime_Culture_Map.jpg/220px-Gong_and_Chime_Culture_Map.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="198" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Gong_and_Chime_Culture_Map.jpg/330px-Gong_and_Chime_Culture_Map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Gong_and_Chime_Culture_Map.jpg/440px-Gong_and_Chime_Culture_Map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2975" data-file-height="2675" /></a><figcaption>The three major indigenous genres of gong-chime music prevalent in Southeast Asia: this includes the Gamelan of western Indonesia; the <i><a href="/wiki/Kulintang" title="Kulintang">kulintang</a></i> of the southern Philippines, eastern Indonesia, and eastern Malaysia; and the <i><a href="/wiki/Piphat" title="Piphat">piphat</a></i> of Thailand, Cambodia, Laos and Burma</figcaption></figure> <p>Varieties of gamelan are distinguished by their collection of instruments and use of voice, tunings, repertoire, style, and cultural context. In general, no two gamelan ensembles are the same, and those that arose in prestigious courts are often considered to have their own style and tuning. Certain styles may also be shared by nearby ensembles, leading to a regional style. The varieties are generally grouped geographically, with the principal division between the styles favored by the <a href="/wiki/Balinese_people" title="Balinese people">Balinese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Javanese_people" title="Javanese people">Javanese</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sundanese_people" title="Sundanese people">Sundanese</a> peoples. Javanese gamelan has soft and slow tones, while Balinese gamelan has strong and dynamic tones with fast music rhythms, while Sundanese gamelan which is dominated by the sound of flutes makes it not only soft but also mellow.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Javanese_gamelan">Javanese gamelan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gamelan&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Javanese gamelan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Javanese gamelan is a gamelan that originates and develops in the <a href="/wiki/Central_Java" title="Central Java">Central Java</a> and <a href="/wiki/East_Java" title="East Java">East Java</a>, including the <a href="/wiki/Special_Region_of_Yogyakarta" title="Special Region of Yogyakarta">Special Region of Yogyakarta</a>. In the Javanese palaces, the gamelan is divided into two, namely the gamelan pakurmatan and gamelan ageng. Gamelan pakurmatan is used for certain events or rituals in the royal environment. The gamelan pakurmatan set is not as complete as the ageng gamelan, and its shape and pitch are somewhat different from the traditional gamelan owned by the community. Gamelan pakurmatan consists of gamelan kodhok Ngorek, gamelan munggang, gamelan sekati, and gamelan carabalen, while gamelan ageng is the most complete gamelan used for various traditional ceremonies and events in the palace.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Gamelan outside the palace, owned by the general public, is usually the gamelan ageng, although it is not as complete as that of the palace, according to the needs and objectives of the gamelan ownership. The Javanese gamelan used by the communities has many kinds and types including the <a href="/wiki/Gamelan_gadhon" class="mw-redirect" title="Gamelan gadhon">gamelan gadhon</a>, gamelan siteran, gamelan <a href="/wiki/Wayang" title="Wayang">Wayang</a>, gamelan bambu, gamelan prawa, gamelan pelog, gamelan renteng, gamelan slendro, gamelan <a href="/wiki/Banyuwangi" class="mw-redirect" title="Banyuwangi">Banyuwangi</a>, and gamelan <a href="/wiki/Madura" title="Madura">Madura</a>. </p><p>In oral Javanese culture distinctions are made between complete or incomplete, archaic and modern, and large standard and small village gamelan. The various archaic ensembles are distinguished by their unique combinations of instruments and possession of obsolete instruments such as the bell-tree (<i>byong</i>) in the 3-toned <i>gamelan kodhok ngorek</i>. Regionally variable village gamelan are often distinguished from standard gamelan (which have the <i>rebab</i> as the main melodic instrument) by their inclusion of a double-reed wind (<i>selompret</i>, <i>slompret</i>, or <i>sompret</i>) in addition to variable drum and gong components, with some also including the shaken bamboo <i>angklung</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Gamelan in Javanese society is a product of local wisdom that has survived to this day. The long history that has been passed by Javanese gamelan is a cultural struggle that continues to be sustainable until now and in the future.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gamelan is inseparable from Javanese customs and human life, where gamelan is almost always there in every Javanese ceremony are held. Javanese gamelan is generally used to accompany dances, dance dramas, theater, puppets, rituals, events and festivals. Until then it developed in such a way that it was able to stand as a separate musical performance, complete with the accompaniment of the voices of the sindhen.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Most of the music rhythms are generally soft and reflect the harmony of life, as the principles of life are generally adopted by Javanese society. Some of them sound quickly according to the event or ritual being held or accompanied by the gamelan like gamelan <a href="/wiki/Banyuwangi" class="mw-redirect" title="Banyuwangi">Banyuwangi</a> which has a faster tempo and uses high notes. Javanese gamelan has pelog and slendro tunings, if the pelog consists of notations 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 (ji, ro, lu, pat, mo, nem, tu), slendro has notation 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, i (ji, ro, lu, mo, nem, i). </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional" style="max-width: 1715px;"> <li class="gallerycaption">Javanese gamelan</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 330px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kraton_Jogja-Gamelan.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Javanese gamelan being played in Keraton Yogyakarta, Indonesia, on 25 October 2009"><img alt="Javanese gamelan being played in Keraton Yogyakarta, Indonesia, on 25 October 2009" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Kraton_Jogja-Gamelan.jpg/267px-Kraton_Jogja-Gamelan.jpg" decoding="async" width="267" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Kraton_Jogja-Gamelan.jpg/400px-Kraton_Jogja-Gamelan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Kraton_Jogja-Gamelan.jpg/533px-Kraton_Jogja-Gamelan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Javanese gamelan being played in <a href="/wiki/Keraton_Yogyakarta" class="mw-redirect" title="Keraton Yogyakarta">Keraton Yogyakarta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>, on 25 October 2009</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 330px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Yogyakarta_Midden-Java._Opvoering_van_Wajang_Kulit_spel_met_Gamelanbegeleiding_ter_gelegenheid_van_de_vijftienjarige_troonsverheffing_van_HB_VIII_in_zijn_oude_huis_op_Sompilan_12_Ngasem_TMnr_60043327.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wayang Kulit performance with Gamelan accompaniment in the context of the appointment of the throne for Hamengkubuwono VIII's fifteen years in Yogyakarta, between 1900 and 1940"><img alt="Wayang Kulit performance with Gamelan accompaniment in the context of the appointment of the throne for Hamengkubuwono VIII's fifteen years in Yogyakarta, between 1900 and 1940" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Yogyakarta_Midden-Java._Opvoering_van_Wajang_Kulit_spel_met_Gamelanbegeleiding_ter_gelegenheid_van_de_vijftienjarige_troonsverheffing_van_HB_VIII_in_zijn_oude_huis_op_Sompilan_12_Ngasem_TMnr_60043327.jpg/277px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="277" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Yogyakarta_Midden-Java._Opvoering_van_Wajang_Kulit_spel_met_Gamelanbegeleiding_ter_gelegenheid_van_de_vijftienjarige_troonsverheffing_van_HB_VIII_in_zijn_oude_huis_op_Sompilan_12_Ngasem_TMnr_60043327.jpg/415px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Yogyakarta_Midden-Java._Opvoering_van_Wajang_Kulit_spel_met_Gamelanbegeleiding_ter_gelegenheid_van_de_vijftienjarige_troonsverheffing_van_HB_VIII_in_zijn_oude_huis_op_Sompilan_12_Ngasem_TMnr_60043327.jpg/554px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="506" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Wayang_Kulit" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayang Kulit">Wayang Kulit</a> performance with Gamelan accompaniment in the context of the appointment of the throne for <a href="/wiki/Hamengkubuwono_VIII" title="Hamengkubuwono VIII">Hamengkubuwono VIII</a>'s fifteen years in <a href="/wiki/Yogyakarta" title="Yogyakarta">Yogyakarta</a>, between 1900 and 1940</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 330px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_groep_zangeressen_met_een_gamelanorkest_in_de_kraton_van_prins_Mangkoe_Negoro_te_Solo_TMnr_60005058.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A gamelan ensemble with a group of singers (Sindhen (Female) and Gerong (Male) at the Mangkunegaran Royal Palace in Surakarta, Central Java, between 1870 and 1892"><img alt="A gamelan ensemble with a group of singers (Sindhen (Female) and Gerong (Male) at the Mangkunegaran Royal Palace in Surakarta, Central Java, between 1870 and 1892" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_groep_zangeressen_met_een_gamelanorkest_in_de_kraton_van_prins_Mangkoe_Negoro_te_Solo_TMnr_60005058.jpg/254px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_groep_zangeressen_met_een_gamelanorkest_in_de_kraton_van_prins_Mangkoe_Negoro_te_Solo_TMnr_60005058.jpg" decoding="async" width="254" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_groep_zangeressen_met_een_gamelanorkest_in_de_kraton_van_prins_Mangkoe_Negoro_te_Solo_TMnr_60005058.jpg/381px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_groep_zangeressen_met_een_gamelanorkest_in_de_kraton_van_prins_Mangkoe_Negoro_te_Solo_TMnr_60005058.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_groep_zangeressen_met_een_gamelanorkest_in_de_kraton_van_prins_Mangkoe_Negoro_te_Solo_TMnr_60005058.jpg/507px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_groep_zangeressen_met_een_gamelanorkest_in_de_kraton_van_prins_Mangkoe_Negoro_te_Solo_TMnr_60005058.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="552" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A gamelan ensemble with a group of singers (<a href="/wiki/Sindhen" class="mw-redirect" title="Sindhen">Sindhen</a> (Female) and <a href="/wiki/Gerong" title="Gerong">Gerong</a> (Male) at the <a href="/wiki/Mangkunegaran" title="Mangkunegaran">Mangkunegaran</a> Royal Palace in <a href="/wiki/Surakarta" title="Surakarta">Surakarta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Central_Java" title="Central Java">Central Java</a>, between 1870 and 1892</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 330px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_Gamelan-orkest_speelt_ter_gelegenheid_van_de_installatie_van_de_zoon_van_wijlen_Paku_Alam_VII_in_de_dalem_het_verblijf_van_de_vorst_te_Yogyakarta_Java_TMnr_10003354.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A Gamelan Ensemble was played to accompany the inauguration of the Prince of the late Paku Alam VII at Pakualaman Palace, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, before 1949"><img alt="A Gamelan Ensemble was played to accompany the inauguration of the Prince of the late Paku Alam VII at Pakualaman Palace, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, before 1949" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_Gamelan-orkest_speelt_ter_gelegenheid_van_de_installatie_van_de_zoon_van_wijlen_Paku_Alam_VII_in_de_dalem_het_verblijf_van_de_vorst_te_Yogyakarta_Java_TMnr_10003354.jpg/299px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="299" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_Gamelan-orkest_speelt_ter_gelegenheid_van_de_installatie_van_de_zoon_van_wijlen_Paku_Alam_VII_in_de_dalem_het_verblijf_van_de_vorst_te_Yogyakarta_Java_TMnr_10003354.jpg/448px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_Gamelan-orkest_speelt_ter_gelegenheid_van_de_installatie_van_de_zoon_van_wijlen_Paku_Alam_VII_in_de_dalem_het_verblijf_van_de_vorst_te_Yogyakarta_Java_TMnr_10003354.jpg/597px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="469" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A Gamelan Ensemble was played to accompany the inauguration of the Prince of the late <a href="/wiki/Paku_Alam_VII" title="Paku Alam VII">Paku Alam VII</a> at <a href="/wiki/Pakualaman" title="Pakualaman">Pakualaman</a> Palace, <a href="/wiki/Yogyakarta" title="Yogyakarta">Yogyakarta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>, before 1949</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 330px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:KITLV_3930_-_Kassian_C%C3%A9phas_-_A_Dalang,_a_pesinden_and_nijaga_with_a_gamelan_in_the_Kraton_of_the_Sultan_of_Yogyakarta_-_Around_1885.tif" class="mw-file-description" title="A Dalang (puppeteer), Sindhen (singer) and Wiyaga (gamelan musicians) with a Javanese gamelan at Keraton Yogyakarta, the sultan's palace in Yogyakarta c. 1885"><img alt="A Dalang (puppeteer), Sindhen (singer) and Wiyaga (gamelan musicians) with a Javanese gamelan at Keraton Yogyakarta, the sultan's palace in Yogyakarta c. 1885" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/KITLV_3930_-_Kassian_C%C3%A9phas_-_A_Dalang%2C_a_pesinden_and_nijaga_with_a_gamelan_in_the_Kraton_of_the_Sultan_of_Yogyakarta_-_Around_1885.tif/lossy-page1-300px-KITLV_3930_-_Kassian_C%C3%A9phas_-_A_Dalang%2C_a_pesinden_and_nijaga_with_a_gamelan_in_the_Kraton_of_the_Sultan_of_Yogyakarta_-_Around_1885.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="183" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/KITLV_3930_-_Kassian_C%C3%A9phas_-_A_Dalang%2C_a_pesinden_and_nijaga_with_a_gamelan_in_the_Kraton_of_the_Sultan_of_Yogyakarta_-_Around_1885.tif/lossy-page1-450px-KITLV_3930_-_Kassian_C%C3%A9phas_-_A_Dalang%2C_a_pesinden_and_nijaga_with_a_gamelan_in_the_Kraton_of_the_Sultan_of_Yogyakarta_-_Around_1885.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/KITLV_3930_-_Kassian_C%C3%A9phas_-_A_Dalang%2C_a_pesinden_and_nijaga_with_a_gamelan_in_the_Kraton_of_the_Sultan_of_Yogyakarta_-_Around_1885.tif/lossy-page1-600px-KITLV_3930_-_Kassian_C%C3%A9phas_-_A_Dalang%2C_a_pesinden_and_nijaga_with_a_gamelan_in_the_Kraton_of_the_Sultan_of_Yogyakarta_-_Around_1885.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2626" data-file-height="1606" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A <a href="/wiki/Dalang_(puppeteer)" title="Dalang (puppeteer)">Dalang</a> (puppeteer), <a href="/wiki/Sindhen" class="mw-redirect" title="Sindhen">Sindhen</a> (singer) and Wiyaga (gamelan musicians) with a Javanese gamelan at <a href="/wiki/Keraton_Yogyakarta" class="mw-redirect" title="Keraton Yogyakarta">Keraton Yogyakarta</a>, the sultan's palace in Yogyakarta c. 1885</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 330px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gamelanorkest_TMnr_60043216.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gamelan orchestra in East Java, late 19th century"><img alt="Gamelan orchestra in East Java, late 19th century" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gamelanorkest_TMnr_60043216.jpg/249px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gamelanorkest_TMnr_60043216.jpg" decoding="async" width="249" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gamelanorkest_TMnr_60043216.jpg/374px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gamelanorkest_TMnr_60043216.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gamelanorkest_TMnr_60043216.jpg/498px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gamelanorkest_TMnr_60043216.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="562" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Gamelan orchestra in <a href="/wiki/East_Java" title="East Java">East Java</a>, late 19th century</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Balinese_gamelan">Balinese gamelan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gamelan&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Balinese gamelan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Balinese gamelan is one type of traditional gamelan ensemble that originates and develops in the island of Bali. Balinese gamelan is an inseparable ensemble of Balinese life, almost all villages in Bali have gamelan. The gamelan can be used as part of Hindu worship in Bali or as community entertainment in the Banjar in villages of Bali. Because gamelan also functions as a medium for socializing with each other, it can be seen that playing gamelan requires cooperation between players to get the desired tone or sound harmony. This Balinese gamelan has several differences from gamelan instruments in general, both in form and how to play it. This Balinese gamelan is usually performed as an accompaniment to an art performance in Bali, both sacred and entertainment. </p><p>Balinese gamelan is often used to accompany religious ceremonies and entertainment. In terms of religion, Balinese Gamelan is often displayed to accompany the running of religious ceremonies or to accompany sacred traditional dances. Meanwhile, in terms of entertainment, Balinese Gamelan is often presented as a musical performance as well as accompaniment to various arts that are entertainment in Bali. </p><p>Gamelan in Bali known as gambelan is commonly used in traditional ritual processions such as death ceremonies which we know as the Ngaben tradition. Meanwhile, for human ceremonies, gender is used and for ceremonies in temples, gong gede is usually used. In terms of the development of the era, Balinese gamelan can be divided into 3 types:<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Gamelan wayah. This old type of gamelan is thought to have existed before the 15th century. This gamelan is generally dominated by keys in the form of keys and does not use drums (Selonding, Gender Wayang, Baleganjur, Genggong, Gambang, Angklung, Bebonangan, Geng Beri, Caruk, Gong Luwang)</li> <li>Gamelan madya. This gamelan comes from around the 16th-19th century. In this era, the barungan gamelan already used drums and tuned instruments. In this barungan, drums have started to play a role in a show (Bebarongan, Pelegongan, Batel Barong, Joged Pingitan, Penggambuhan, Gong Gedé, Semar Pagulingan)</li> <li>Gamelan anyar. This gamelan includes a new type of group, which includes the types of gamelan barungan that emerged in the 20th century. This gamelan barungan appears in one of the most prominent features, namely the game of drums (Semaradana, Bumbung Gebyog, Adi Merdangga, Jégog, Manikasanti, Bumbang, Gong Suling, Joged Bumbung, Janger, Geguntangan, Genta Pinara Pitu, Kendang Mabarung, Gong Kebyar, Okakan or Grumbungan, Tektekan)</li></ul> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional" style="max-width: 1715px;"> <li class="gallerycaption">Balinese Gamelan</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 330px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gamelan_op_Bali._TMnr_60008124.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Balinese Gamelan Performance (part of the ritual) in a Temple, Bali, Circa 1920"><img alt="Balinese Gamelan Performance (part of the ritual) in a Temple, Bali, Circa 1920" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gamelan_op_Bali._TMnr_60008124.jpg/297px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gamelan_op_Bali._TMnr_60008124.jpg" decoding="async" width="297" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gamelan_op_Bali._TMnr_60008124.jpg/446px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gamelan_op_Bali._TMnr_60008124.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gamelan_op_Bali._TMnr_60008124.jpg/595px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gamelan_op_Bali._TMnr_60008124.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="471" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Balinese Gamelan Performance (part of the <a href="/wiki/Ritual" title="Ritual">ritual</a>) in a <a href="/wiki/Temple" title="Temple">Temple</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bali" title="Bali">Bali</a>, Circa 1920</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 330px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Balinese_danser_voert_een_dans_uit_onder_begeleiding_van_een_gamelanorkest_TMnr_10004737.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A balinese dancer performed Kebyar duduk dance accompanied by a Balinese gamelan Ensemble, Bali, Indonesia, before 1952"><img alt="A balinese dancer performed Kebyar duduk dance accompanied by a Balinese gamelan Ensemble, Bali, Indonesia, before 1952" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Balinese_danser_voert_een_dans_uit_onder_begeleiding_van_een_gamelanorkest_TMnr_10004737.jpg/300px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Balinese_danser_voert_een_dans_uit_onder_begeleiding_van_een_gamelanorkest_TMnr_10004737.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="198" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Balinese_danser_voert_een_dans_uit_onder_begeleiding_van_een_gamelanorkest_TMnr_10004737.jpg/450px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Balinese_danser_voert_een_dans_uit_onder_begeleiding_van_een_gamelanorkest_TMnr_10004737.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Balinese_danser_voert_een_dans_uit_onder_begeleiding_van_een_gamelanorkest_TMnr_10004737.jpg/600px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Balinese_danser_voert_een_dans_uit_onder_begeleiding_van_een_gamelanorkest_TMnr_10004737.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="463" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A <a href="/wiki/Balinese_people" title="Balinese people">balinese</a> dancer performed <a href="/wiki/Kebyar_duduk" title="Kebyar duduk">Kebyar duduk</a> dance accompanied by a Balinese gamelan Ensemble, <a href="/wiki/Bali" title="Bali">Bali</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>, before 1952</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 330px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Barong_dansvoorstelling_begeleid_door_gamelanorkest_TMnr_60049172.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Barong dance performance accompanied by a gamelan ensemble, Bali, Indonesia, before 1959"><img alt="Barong dance performance accompanied by a gamelan ensemble, Bali, Indonesia, before 1959" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Barong_dansvoorstelling_begeleid_door_gamelanorkest_TMnr_60049172.jpg/300px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Barong_dansvoorstelling_begeleid_door_gamelanorkest_TMnr_60049172.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="189" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Barong_dansvoorstelling_begeleid_door_gamelanorkest_TMnr_60049172.jpg/450px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Barong_dansvoorstelling_begeleid_door_gamelanorkest_TMnr_60049172.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Barong_dansvoorstelling_begeleid_door_gamelanorkest_TMnr_60049172.jpg/600px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Barong_dansvoorstelling_begeleid_door_gamelanorkest_TMnr_60049172.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="442" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Barong_dance" title="Barong dance">Barong dance</a> performance accompanied by a gamelan ensemble, <a href="/wiki/Bali" title="Bali">Bali</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>, before 1959</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 330px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Legong_dansvoorstelling_in_Oeboed_TMnr_10026859.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Balinese girls practiced legong dance accompanied by gamelan in Ubud, Bali, Dutch east Indies, between 1910 and 1930"><img alt="Balinese girls practiced legong dance accompanied by gamelan in Ubud, Bali, Dutch east Indies, between 1910 and 1930" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Legong_dansvoorstelling_in_Oeboed_TMnr_10026859.jpg/283px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Legong_dansvoorstelling_in_Oeboed_TMnr_10026859.jpg" decoding="async" width="283" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Legong_dansvoorstelling_in_Oeboed_TMnr_10026859.jpg/424px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Legong_dansvoorstelling_in_Oeboed_TMnr_10026859.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Legong_dansvoorstelling_in_Oeboed_TMnr_10026859.jpg/566px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Legong_dansvoorstelling_in_Oeboed_TMnr_10026859.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="495" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Balinese girls practiced legong dance accompanied by gamelan in <a href="/wiki/Ubud" title="Ubud">Ubud</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bali" title="Bali">Bali</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dutch_east_Indies" class="mw-redirect" title="Dutch east Indies">Dutch east Indies</a>, between 1910 and 1930</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 330px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gamelan_in_een_dorp_bij_Soekawati_na_een_lijkverbrandingceremonie_TMnr_60042715.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Balinese Gamelan in a village near Sukawati, Bali after the Cremation Ceremony on 21 September 1922"><img alt="Balinese Gamelan in a village near Sukawati, Bali after the Cremation Ceremony on 21 September 1922" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gamelan_in_een_dorp_bij_Soekawati_na_een_lijkverbrandingceremonie_TMnr_60042715.jpg/270px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gamelan_in_een_dorp_bij_Soekawati_na_een_lijkverbrandingceremonie_TMnr_60042715.jpg" decoding="async" width="270" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gamelan_in_een_dorp_bij_Soekawati_na_een_lijkverbrandingceremonie_TMnr_60042715.jpg/405px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gamelan_in_een_dorp_bij_Soekawati_na_een_lijkverbrandingceremonie_TMnr_60042715.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gamelan_in_een_dorp_bij_Soekawati_na_een_lijkverbrandingceremonie_TMnr_60042715.jpg/540px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gamelan_in_een_dorp_bij_Soekawati_na_een_lijkverbrandingceremonie_TMnr_60042715.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="519" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Balinese Gamelan in a village near <a href="/wiki/Sukawati" title="Sukawati">Sukawati</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bali" title="Bali">Bali</a> after the Cremation Ceremony on 21 September 1922</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 330px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Balinese_men_playing_gamelan.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Balinese gamelan being played in Kuta, Bali, Indonesia, on 23 September 2010"><img alt="Balinese gamelan being played in Kuta, Bali, Indonesia, on 23 September 2010" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Balinese_men_playing_gamelan.jpg/300px-Balinese_men_playing_gamelan.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Balinese_men_playing_gamelan.jpg/450px-Balinese_men_playing_gamelan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Balinese_men_playing_gamelan.jpg/600px-Balinese_men_playing_gamelan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4752" data-file-height="3168" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Balinese_gamelan" class="mw-redirect" title="Balinese gamelan">Balinese gamelan</a> being played in <a href="/wiki/Kuta,_Bali" title="Kuta, Bali">Kuta, Bali</a>, Indonesia, on 23 September 2010</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sundanese_gamelan">Sundanese gamelan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gamelan&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Sundanese gamelan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Sundanese gamelan is one of the typical gamelan ensemble from <a href="/wiki/West_Java" title="West Java">West Java</a> and <a href="/wiki/Banten" title="Banten">Banten</a> province (Tatar <a href="/wiki/Pasundan" class="mw-redirect" title="Pasundan">Pasundan</a> ) in Indonesia. In the manuscript <a href="/wiki/Sanghyang_Siksa_Kandang_Karesian" title="Sanghyang Siksa Kandang Karesian">Sanghyang Siksa Kandang Karesian</a>, the art of gamelan is estimated to have entered in the 16th century. In this text, at that time there was a gamelan player called K<i>umbang Gending</i> and a musical expert called <i>Paraguna</i>. Sundanese gamelan is also called <a href="/wiki/Degung" class="mw-redirect" title="Degung">Degung</a>. The word Degung is said to have originated from the word "Ratu-agung" or "Tumenggung", because at that time Gamelan Degung was very popular with the officials. There are three types of Sundanese gamelan, including: </p> <ul><li>Gamelan salendro is usually used to accompany wayang performances, dances, and cliningan. Because it is often used in the performing arts, the salendro gamelan is also a popular gamelan among other gamelan types.</li> <li>Gamelan renteng. This gamelan developed in several places, one of which is in Batu Karut, Cikalong. Based on the form and intervals of the gamelan renteng, there is an opinion that most likely the current Sundanese gamelan started from the gamelan renteng.</li> <li>Gamelan ketuk tilu. This gamelan is usually used to accompany the arts of ketuk tilu, ronggeng gunung, ronggeng ketuk, doger, and topeng banjet.</li></ul> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional" style="max-width: 1715px;"> <li class="gallerycaption">Sundanese Gamelan</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 330px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gamelan_met_danseres_bij_een_pondok_in_de_Plantentuin_van_Tjibodas_West-Java_TMnr_60013638.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sundanese Gamelan with a dancer and Wayang Golek in a hut in Cibodas Botanical Garden, West Java on 28 September 1904"><img alt="Sundanese Gamelan with a dancer and Wayang Golek in a hut in Cibodas Botanical Garden, West Java on 28 September 1904" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gamelan_met_danseres_bij_een_pondok_in_de_Plantentuin_van_Tjibodas_West-Java_TMnr_60013638.jpg/271px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gamelan_met_danseres_bij_een_pondok_in_de_Plantentuin_van_Tjibodas_West-Java_TMnr_60013638.jpg" decoding="async" width="271" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gamelan_met_danseres_bij_een_pondok_in_de_Plantentuin_van_Tjibodas_West-Java_TMnr_60013638.jpg/406px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gamelan_met_danseres_bij_een_pondok_in_de_Plantentuin_van_Tjibodas_West-Java_TMnr_60013638.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gamelan_met_danseres_bij_een_pondok_in_de_Plantentuin_van_Tjibodas_West-Java_TMnr_60013638.jpg/542px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gamelan_met_danseres_bij_een_pondok_in_de_Plantentuin_van_Tjibodas_West-Java_TMnr_60013638.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="517" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Sundanese Gamelan with a dancer and <a href="/wiki/Wayang_Golek" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayang Golek">Wayang Golek</a> in a hut in <a href="/wiki/Cibodas_Botanical_Garden" title="Cibodas Botanical Garden">Cibodas Botanical Garden</a>, <a href="/wiki/West_Java" title="West Java">West Java</a> on 28 September 1904</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 330px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Dansvoorstelling_tijdens_een_feest_van_een_regent_uit_de_Preanger_TMnr_60009261.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A gamelan ensemble and Dance show party for the regent of Preanger (Now Parahyangan) West Java, between 1880 and 1920"><img alt="A gamelan ensemble and Dance show party for the regent of Preanger (Now Parahyangan) West Java, between 1880 and 1920" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Dansvoorstelling_tijdens_een_feest_van_een_regent_uit_de_Preanger_TMnr_60009261.jpg/272px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Dansvoorstelling_tijdens_een_feest_van_een_regent_uit_de_Preanger_TMnr_60009261.jpg" decoding="async" width="272" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Dansvoorstelling_tijdens_een_feest_van_een_regent_uit_de_Preanger_TMnr_60009261.jpg/408px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Dansvoorstelling_tijdens_een_feest_van_een_regent_uit_de_Preanger_TMnr_60009261.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Dansvoorstelling_tijdens_een_feest_van_een_regent_uit_de_Preanger_TMnr_60009261.jpg/544px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Dansvoorstelling_tijdens_een_feest_van_een_regent_uit_de_Preanger_TMnr_60009261.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="515" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A gamelan ensemble and Dance show party for the regent of <a href="/wiki/Preanger" class="mw-redirect" title="Preanger">Preanger</a> (Now <a href="/wiki/Parahyangan" title="Parahyangan">Parahyangan</a>) <a href="/wiki/West_Java" title="West Java">West Java</a>, between 1880 and 1920</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 330px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gamelanorkest_van_de_regent_van_Bandoeng_TMnr_60025410.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sundanese gamelan ensemble of Bandung's Regent, West Java, Dutch east Indies, between 1857 and 1890"><img alt="Sundanese gamelan ensemble of Bandung's Regent, West Java, Dutch east Indies, between 1857 and 1890" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gamelanorkest_van_de_regent_van_Bandoeng_TMnr_60025410.jpg/263px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gamelanorkest_van_de_regent_van_Bandoeng_TMnr_60025410.jpg" decoding="async" width="263" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gamelanorkest_van_de_regent_van_Bandoeng_TMnr_60025410.jpg/394px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gamelanorkest_van_de_regent_van_Bandoeng_TMnr_60025410.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gamelanorkest_van_de_regent_van_Bandoeng_TMnr_60025410.jpg/525px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gamelanorkest_van_de_regent_van_Bandoeng_TMnr_60025410.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="533" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Sundanese gamelan ensemble of Bandung's Regent, <a href="/wiki/West_Java" title="West Java">West Java</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dutch_east_Indies" class="mw-redirect" title="Dutch east Indies">Dutch east Indies</a>, between 1857 and 1890</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 330px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gamelan_Laras_Slendro_Si_Ketuyung_Keraton_Kasepuhan.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A gamelan laras slendro Si Ketuyung (sacred gamelan), a set of gamelan instruments made in 1748, a legacy of Sultan Sepuh IV, Keraton Kasepuhan, Cirebon, Indonesia"><img alt="A gamelan laras slendro Si Ketuyung (sacred gamelan), a set of gamelan instruments made in 1748, a legacy of Sultan Sepuh IV, Keraton Kasepuhan, Cirebon, Indonesia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Gamelan_Laras_Slendro_Si_Ketuyung_Keraton_Kasepuhan.jpg/267px-Gamelan_Laras_Slendro_Si_Ketuyung_Keraton_Kasepuhan.jpg" decoding="async" width="267" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Gamelan_Laras_Slendro_Si_Ketuyung_Keraton_Kasepuhan.jpg/400px-Gamelan_Laras_Slendro_Si_Ketuyung_Keraton_Kasepuhan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Gamelan_Laras_Slendro_Si_Ketuyung_Keraton_Kasepuhan.jpg/533px-Gamelan_Laras_Slendro_Si_Ketuyung_Keraton_Kasepuhan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2848" data-file-height="2136" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A gamelan laras slendro Si Ketuyung (sacred gamelan), a set of gamelan instruments made in 1748, a legacy of Sultan Sepuh IV, <a href="/wiki/Keraton_Kasepuhan" title="Keraton Kasepuhan">Keraton Kasepuhan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cirebon" title="Cirebon">Cirebon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 330px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_gamelanorkest_TMnr_60018011.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gamelan Degung Ensemble, This photo was taken at Annual Exhibition in Java. between 1910 and 1930"><img alt="Gamelan Degung Ensemble, This photo was taken at Annual Exhibition in Java. between 1910 and 1930" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_gamelanorkest_TMnr_60018011.jpg/300px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_gamelanorkest_TMnr_60018011.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="197" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_gamelanorkest_TMnr_60018011.jpg/450px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_gamelanorkest_TMnr_60018011.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_gamelanorkest_TMnr_60018011.jpg/600px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_gamelanorkest_TMnr_60018011.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="459" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Gamelan_Degung" class="mw-redirect" title="Gamelan Degung">Gamelan Degung</a> Ensemble, This photo was taken at Annual <a href="/wiki/Exhibition" title="Exhibition">Exhibition</a> in <a href="/wiki/Java" title="Java">Java</a>. between 1910 and 1930</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 330px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gamelandegung.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sundanese Gamelan Degung Performance from West Java, Indonesia, on 6 November 2007"><img alt="Sundanese Gamelan Degung Performance from West Java, Indonesia, on 6 November 2007" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Gamelandegung.jpg/288px-Gamelandegung.jpg" decoding="async" width="288" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0d/Gamelandegung.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="344" data-file-height="239" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Sundanese_people" title="Sundanese people">Sundanese</a> <a href="/wiki/Gamelan_Degung" class="mw-redirect" title="Gamelan Degung">Gamelan Degung</a> Performance from <a href="/wiki/West_Java" title="West Java">West Java</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>, on 6 November 2007</div> </li> </ul> <p>Outside the main core on <a href="/wiki/Java" title="Java">Java</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bali" title="Bali">Bali</a>, gamelan has spread through migration and cultural interest, new styles sometimes resulting as well. The variety of gamelan can be found in over 25 countries outside Indonesia, presenting both traditional and experimental repertoire. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cultural_context">Cultural context</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gamelan&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Cultural context"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>For some Indonesians, gamelan has high philosophical values, in terms of sound, roles, and the feelings of the players. Playing gamelan is not just the ability to play various musical instruments together, thus giving birth to the harmony of tones and rhythms. But also, by playing the gamelan there is a meaning that describes the system of deliberation and consensus in the midst of society, through each gamelan musical instrument. Gamelan symbolizes the spirit of cohesiveness and mutual cooperation, together, and in line. So that it gives birth to a harmonious tone in social life. In Indonesia, gamelan accompanies many cultural activities such as: </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religious_rituals">Religious rituals</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gamelan&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Religious rituals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Under the influence of the Hindu-Buddhist <a href="/wiki/Majapahit_kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Majapahit kingdom">Majapahit kingdom</a>, gamelan was used as accompaniment in religious ceremonies with tembang (singing) and wayang performances. Even an accompaniment to a king's performance. In the <a href="/wiki/Negarakertagama" class="mw-redirect" title="Negarakertagama">Negarakertagama</a> manuscripts written by <a href="/wiki/Mpu_Prapanca" title="Mpu Prapanca">Mpu Prapanca</a> in the 14th century. It is said that the gamelan accompaniment was used by King <a href="/wiki/Hayam_Wuruk" title="Hayam Wuruk">Hayam Wuruk</a> in performing a mask dance with eight young people accompanied by a song from the Queen Mother. With the collapse of the Majapahit kingdom and being replaced by the Islamic <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Demak" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Demak">kingdom of Demak</a> led by <a href="/wiki/Raden_Patah" title="Raden Patah">Raden Patah</a>, gamelan as a traditional musical instrument did not just disappear. Its function is used as a media tool for preaching Islam. </p><p>Gamelan's role in rituals is so important that there is a Javanese saying, "It is not official until the gong is hung".<sup id="cite_ref-B420_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-B420-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some performances are associated with royalty, such as visits by the <a href="/wiki/Sultan_of_Yogyakarta" class="mw-redirect" title="Sultan of Yogyakarta">sultan of Yogyakarta</a>. Certain gamelans are associated with specific rituals, such as the <i><a href="/wiki/Gamelan_Sekaten" title="Gamelan Sekaten">Gamelan Sekaten</a></i>, which is used in the celebration of <i><a href="/wiki/Mawlid_an-Nabi" class="mw-redirect" title="Mawlid an-Nabi">Mawlid an-Nabi</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a>'s birthday). In <a href="/wiki/Bali" title="Bali">Bali</a>, almost all religious rituals include gamelan performance. Gamelan is also used in the ceremonies of the <a href="/wiki/Catholicism_in_Indonesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholicism in Indonesia">Catholic church in Indonesia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Certain pieces are designated for starting and ending performances or ceremonies. When an "ending" piece (such as "<a href="/wiki/Udan_Mas" title="Udan Mas">Udan Mas</a>") is begun, the audience will know that the event is nearly finished and will begin to leave. Certain pieces are also believed to possess magic powers and can be used to ward off evil spirits.<sup id="cite_ref-B420_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-B420-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The religious rituals that accompanied by gamelan such as: <a href="/wiki/Sekaten" title="Sekaten">sekaten</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Temple" title="Temple">temple</a> rituals, <a href="/wiki/Melasti" title="Melasti">melasti</a>, <a href="/wiki/Galungan" title="Galungan">galungan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ogoh-ogoh" title="Ogoh-ogoh">Ogoh-ogoh</a>, etc. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional" style="max-width: 1715px;"> <li class="gallerycaption">Some religious rituals in Indonesia that use gamelan as an accompaniment</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 330px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gamelan_Sekaten_Kanjeng_Kiai_Guntur_Madu_dalam_Acara_Sekaten_di_Yogyakarta.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sekaten, Gamelan Sekaten Kanjeng Kiai Guntur Madu (One of Some Javanese Sacred Gamelan) is usually beaten every day for a week during the Sekaten celebration at the Keraton Yogyakarta. The community was very enthusiastic about listening to the strains of the heirloom gamelan, on 26 November 2017"><img alt="Sekaten, Gamelan Sekaten Kanjeng Kiai Guntur Madu (One of Some Javanese Sacred Gamelan) is usually beaten every day for a week during the Sekaten celebration at the Keraton Yogyakarta. The community was very enthusiastic about listening to the strains of the heirloom gamelan, on 26 November 2017" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Gamelan_Sekaten_Kanjeng_Kiai_Guntur_Madu_dalam_Acara_Sekaten_di_Yogyakarta.jpg/300px-Gamelan_Sekaten_Kanjeng_Kiai_Guntur_Madu_dalam_Acara_Sekaten_di_Yogyakarta.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Gamelan_Sekaten_Kanjeng_Kiai_Guntur_Madu_dalam_Acara_Sekaten_di_Yogyakarta.jpg/450px-Gamelan_Sekaten_Kanjeng_Kiai_Guntur_Madu_dalam_Acara_Sekaten_di_Yogyakarta.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Gamelan_Sekaten_Kanjeng_Kiai_Guntur_Madu_dalam_Acara_Sekaten_di_Yogyakarta.jpg/600px-Gamelan_Sekaten_Kanjeng_Kiai_Guntur_Madu_dalam_Acara_Sekaten_di_Yogyakarta.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4896" data-file-height="2752" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Sekaten" title="Sekaten">Sekaten</a>, Gamelan Sekaten Kanjeng Kiai Guntur Madu (One of Some Javanese Sacred Gamelan) is usually beaten every day for a week during the <a href="/wiki/Sekaten" title="Sekaten">Sekaten</a> celebration at the <a href="/wiki/Keraton_Yogyakarta" class="mw-redirect" title="Keraton Yogyakarta">Keraton Yogyakarta</a>. The community was very enthusiastic about listening to the strains of the heirloom gamelan, on 26 November 2017</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 330px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:RIBesakihZerem4.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Galungan, a Balinese holiday celebrating the victory of dharma over adharma in Besakih temple complex in Karangasem, Bali, Indonesia"><img alt="Galungan, a Balinese holiday celebrating the victory of dharma over adharma in Besakih temple complex in Karangasem, Bali, Indonesia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/RIBesakihZerem4.jpg/300px-RIBesakihZerem4.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="198" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/RIBesakihZerem4.jpg/450px-RIBesakihZerem4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/RIBesakihZerem4.jpg/600px-RIBesakihZerem4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3280" data-file-height="2170" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Galungan" title="Galungan">Galungan</a>, a Balinese holiday celebrating the victory of dharma over adharma in <a href="/wiki/Besakih" class="mw-redirect" title="Besakih">Besakih</a> temple complex in <a href="/wiki/Karangasem_Regency" title="Karangasem Regency">Karangasem</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bali" title="Bali">Bali</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 330px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Odalan_Ceremony.webm/300px--Odalan_Ceremony.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="300" height="169" data-durationhint="173" data-mwtitle="Odalan_Ceremony.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9f/Odalan_Ceremony.webm/Odalan_Ceremony.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="854" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9f/Odalan_Ceremony.webm/Odalan_Ceremony.webm.720p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="720p.vp9.webm" data-width="1280" data-height="720" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9f/Odalan_Ceremony.webm/Odalan_Ceremony.webm.1080p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="1080p.vp9.webm" data-width="1920" data-height="1080" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9f/Odalan_Ceremony.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-width="1920" data-height="1080" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9f/Odalan_Ceremony.webm/Odalan_Ceremony.webm.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="256" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9f/Odalan_Ceremony.webm/Odalan_Ceremony.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="426" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9f/Odalan_Ceremony.webm/Odalan_Ceremony.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9f/Odalan_Ceremony.webm/Odalan_Ceremony.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /></video></span></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Odalan" title="Odalan">Odalan</a> or <i>piodalan</i> is temple anniversary in Bali, held usually once every 210 days, a complete cycle according to <a href="/wiki/Balinese_pawukon_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Balinese pawukon calendar">Balinese calendar</a>.</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ceremonies">Ceremonies</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gamelan&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Ceremonies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Gamelan is used to accompany various traditional ceremonies in Indonesia, gamelan kodhok ngorek, gamelan monggang, gamelan carabalen, and gamelan ageng are used for important ceremonies related to kings in the Yogyakarta and Surakarta palaces such as the king's <a href="/wiki/Coronations" class="mw-redirect" title="Coronations">coronations</a> ceremony, the king's birthday ceremony, the coronation anniversary, royal guest reception, baby <a href="/wiki/Birth" title="Birth">birth</a>, marriage, death, and so on. Outside the palace in Java, gamelan is used for <a href="/wiki/Wedding_reception" title="Wedding reception">Wedding reception</a>, birth ceremonies, <a href="/wiki/Circumcision" title="Circumcision">circumcision</a> ceremonies, rice harvesting, ruwatan ceremonies, and <a href="/wiki/Death" title="Death">death</a> ceremonies (dhukitan). The musical presentation in the dhukitan ceremony in the general public is different from that in Palace. Gendhing at dhukitan ceremonies in the palace use the kodhok ngorek gamelan instrument, only intended for the death of the king and his family and only served when the corpse departs to the cemetery. Meanwhile, gendhing offerings at duhkitan ceremonies in the general public (outside the palace environment) are usually served at the time of the death of musical artists of dance, musical puppetry, wayang orang, cultural observers, and theater using the gamelan gadhon ensemble. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional" style="max-width: 1715px;"> <li class="gallerycaption">Some Indonesian traditional ceremonies that use gamelan as an accompaniment</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 330px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_%27Het_veertig-jarig_regeringsjubileum_van_Soesoehoenan_Pakoe_Boewono_X_van_Surakarta_in_de_stoet_lopen_serimpi%27s_mee%27_TMnr_10001563.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tingalan Dalem Jumenengan, The 40th Royal coronations anniversary of Susoehoenan Pakubuwono X in Surakarta Sunanate."><img alt="Tingalan Dalem Jumenengan, The 40th Royal coronations anniversary of Susoehoenan Pakubuwono X in Surakarta Sunanate." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_%27Het_veertig-jarig_regeringsjubileum_van_Soesoehoenan_Pakoe_Boewono_X_van_Surakarta_in_de_stoet_lopen_serimpi%27s_mee%27_TMnr_10001563.jpg/287px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_%27Het_veertig-jarig_regeringsjubileum_van_Soesoehoenan_Pakoe_Boewono_X_van_Surakarta_in_de_stoet_lopen_serimpi%27s_mee%27_TMnr_10001563.jpg" decoding="async" width="287" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_%27Het_veertig-jarig_regeringsjubileum_van_Soesoehoenan_Pakoe_Boewono_X_van_Surakarta_in_de_stoet_lopen_serimpi%27s_mee%27_TMnr_10001563.jpg/430px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_%27Het_veertig-jarig_regeringsjubileum_van_Soesoehoenan_Pakoe_Boewono_X_van_Surakarta_in_de_stoet_lopen_serimpi%27s_mee%27_TMnr_10001563.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_%27Het_veertig-jarig_regeringsjubileum_van_Soesoehoenan_Pakoe_Boewono_X_van_Surakarta_in_de_stoet_lopen_serimpi%27s_mee%27_TMnr_10001563.jpg/573px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_%27Het_veertig-jarig_regeringsjubileum_van_Soesoehoenan_Pakoe_Boewono_X_van_Surakarta_in_de_stoet_lopen_serimpi%27s_mee%27_TMnr_10001563.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="489" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Tingalan Dalem Jumenengan, The 40th Royal coronations anniversary of Susoehoenan <a href="/wiki/Pakubuwono_X" title="Pakubuwono X">Pakubuwono X</a> in <a href="/wiki/Surakarta_Sunanate" title="Surakarta Sunanate">Surakarta Sunanate</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 330px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ngaben_di_Ubud.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ngaben, the Hindu funeral ceremony of Bali, Indonesia. It is performed to release the soul of a dead person."><img alt="Ngaben, the Hindu funeral ceremony of Bali, Indonesia. It is performed to release the soul of a dead person." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Ngaben_di_Ubud.jpg/300px-Ngaben_di_Ubud.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Ngaben_di_Ubud.jpg/450px-Ngaben_di_Ubud.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Ngaben_di_Ubud.jpg/600px-Ngaben_di_Ubud.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2335" data-file-height="1463" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Ngaben" title="Ngaben">Ngaben</a>, the Hindu funeral ceremony of <a href="/wiki/Bali" title="Bali">Bali</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>. It is performed to release the soul of a dead person.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 330px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pernikahan_Jawa-Javanese_Wedding_2011_Bennylin_21.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wedding Ceremony, Javanese Wedding ceremony in Java"><img alt="Wedding Ceremony, Javanese Wedding ceremony in Java" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Pernikahan_Jawa-Javanese_Wedding_2011_Bennylin_21.jpg/267px-Pernikahan_Jawa-Javanese_Wedding_2011_Bennylin_21.jpg" decoding="async" width="267" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Pernikahan_Jawa-Javanese_Wedding_2011_Bennylin_21.jpg/400px-Pernikahan_Jawa-Javanese_Wedding_2011_Bennylin_21.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Pernikahan_Jawa-Javanese_Wedding_2011_Bennylin_21.jpg/533px-Pernikahan_Jawa-Javanese_Wedding_2011_Bennylin_21.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Wedding Ceremony, <a href="/wiki/Javanese_people" title="Javanese people">Javanese</a> Wedding ceremony in <a href="/wiki/Java" title="Java">Java</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Traditional_dances">Traditional dances</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gamelan&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Traditional dances"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Almost all dances originating from the island of Java and Bali are accompanied by gamelan music. Gamelan gives spirit and beauty to live dance performances. The sound of the gamelan music brings dance to life and graceful to see. The main function of the gamelan as a dance accompaniment is to provide rhythm, beat, or tempo guidance. So that the selection of accompanying music must be adjusted to the rhythm and theme of the dance. Dance performance using live gamelan is a complex artistic activity. Gamelan in dance is used as an illustration or support for the atmosphere. The accompanying gamelan music must give the impression of "speaking" or communication and constitute the perfect unity between music and dance. Typically players in the gamelan will be familiar with dance moves and poetry, while dancers are able to play in the ensemble.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some examples of famous dance include: <a href="/wiki/Bedhaya" title="Bedhaya">bedhaya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Serimpi" class="mw-redirect" title="Serimpi">serimpi</a>, gambyong, <a href="/wiki/Bambangan_Cakil" title="Bambangan Cakil">Bambangan Cakil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Legong" title="Legong">legong</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oleg_tamulilingan" class="mw-redirect" title="Oleg tamulilingan">oleg tamulilingan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pendet" class="mw-redirect" title="Pendet">pendet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cendrawasih_dance" title="Cendrawasih dance">cendrawasih</a>, <a href="/wiki/Barong_(mythology)" title="Barong (mythology)">barong</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baris_(dance)" class="mw-redirect" title="Baris (dance)">baris</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jaipong" class="mw-redirect" title="Jaipong">jaipong</a>, <a href="/wiki/Topeng" class="mw-redirect" title="Topeng">topeng</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bajidor_Kahot" title="Bajidor Kahot">Bajidor Kahot</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gandrung" title="Gandrung">gandrung</a>, etc. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional" style="max-width: 1715px;"> <li class="gallerycaption">Some Indonesian Traditional dance that use Gamelan as an accompaniment</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 330px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Legong_Kraton_Farewell.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Legong, Legong Kraton Dance (Legong of the Palace) in Ubud Palace, Bali, Indonesia. In the background, the Gamelan orchestra accompanies the performance, on 23 August 2008"><img alt="Legong, Legong Kraton Dance (Legong of the Palace) in Ubud Palace, Bali, Indonesia. In the background, the Gamelan orchestra accompanies the performance, on 23 August 2008" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Legong_Kraton_Farewell.jpg/273px-Legong_Kraton_Farewell.jpg" decoding="async" width="273" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Legong_Kraton_Farewell.jpg/409px-Legong_Kraton_Farewell.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Legong_Kraton_Farewell.jpg/545px-Legong_Kraton_Farewell.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1174" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Legong" title="Legong">Legong</a>, Legong Kraton Dance (Legong of the Palace) in <a href="/wiki/Ubud_Palace" title="Ubud Palace">Ubud Palace</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bali" title="Bali">Bali</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>. In the background, the Gamelan orchestra accompanies the performance, on 23 August 2008</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 330px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Bedoyo_dansvoorstelling_tijdens_het_huwelijk_van_Hoesein_Djajadiningrat_en_Partini_in_de_kraton_van_Prang_Wedono_(Mangkoe_Negoro_VII)_de_vader_van_de_bruid_Solo_TMnr_60020674.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bedhaya dance performance at the wedding of Hoesein Djajadiningrat and Partini in the palace of Prang Wedono (Mangkoe Negoro VII), the father of the bride, at Solo, Java, in January 1921"><img alt="Bedhaya dance performance at the wedding of Hoesein Djajadiningrat and Partini in the palace of Prang Wedono (Mangkoe Negoro VII), the father of the bride, at Solo, Java, in January 1921" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Bedoyo_dansvoorstelling_tijdens_het_huwelijk_van_Hoesein_Djajadiningrat_en_Partini_in_de_kraton_van_Prang_Wedono_%28Mangkoe_Negoro_VII%29_de_vader_van_de_bruid_Solo_TMnr_60020674.jpg/300px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="185" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Bedoyo_dansvoorstelling_tijdens_het_huwelijk_van_Hoesein_Djajadiningrat_en_Partini_in_de_kraton_van_Prang_Wedono_%28Mangkoe_Negoro_VII%29_de_vader_van_de_bruid_Solo_TMnr_60020674.jpg/450px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Bedoyo_dansvoorstelling_tijdens_het_huwelijk_van_Hoesein_Djajadiningrat_en_Partini_in_de_kraton_van_Prang_Wedono_%28Mangkoe_Negoro_VII%29_de_vader_van_de_bruid_Solo_TMnr_60020674.jpg/600px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="432" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Bedhaya" title="Bedhaya">Bedhaya</a> dance performance at the wedding of Hoesein Djajadiningrat and Partini in the palace of Prang Wedono (Mangkoe Negoro VII), the father of the bride, at <a href="/wiki/Surakarta" title="Surakarta">Solo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Java" title="Java">Java</a>, in January 1921</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 330px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jaipongan_Langit_Biru_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jaipong, The Sundanese Jaipongan Langit Biru dance performance in West Java Pavilion, Taman Mini Indonesia Indah, Jakarta"><img alt="Jaipong, The Sundanese Jaipongan Langit Biru dance performance in West Java Pavilion, Taman Mini Indonesia Indah, Jakarta" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Jaipongan_Langit_Biru_01.jpg/295px-Jaipongan_Langit_Biru_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="295" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Jaipongan_Langit_Biru_01.jpg/442px-Jaipongan_Langit_Biru_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Jaipongan_Langit_Biru_01.jpg/589px-Jaipongan_Langit_Biru_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2268" data-file-height="1540" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Jaipong" class="mw-redirect" title="Jaipong">Jaipong</a>, The <a href="/wiki/Sundanese_dance" title="Sundanese dance">Sundanese</a> <a href="/wiki/Jaipongan" title="Jaipongan">Jaipongan</a> Langit Biru dance performance in <a href="/wiki/West_Java" title="West Java">West Java</a> Pavilion, <a href="/wiki/Taman_Mini_Indonesia_Indah" title="Taman Mini Indonesia Indah">Taman Mini Indonesia Indah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jakarta" title="Jakarta">Jakarta</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dance-drama_performances">Dance-drama performances</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gamelan&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Dance-drama performances"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dance drama in Indonesia is a show that combines dance and drama, which tells a story with dialogue or without dialogue between the players, usually guided by a puppeteer. This show is accompanied by gamelan music and involves many players who wear a typical costume. Gamelan music as accompaniment is widely used for choreography in the form of storytelling performances, both drama, and dance drama. Gamelan music that accompanies dance drama is a combination of music whose rhythm is in accordance with the dance movements and as an illustration. Most dance-dramas use music to avoid monotony and be more varied, and for the sake of harmony between dance and music. Ramayana Ballet is a form of Javanese dance-drama performance that does not use dialogue. Dialogue in ballet performances is replaced with gesticulation or meaningful movements, especially with attitudes, hand movements, and head. Gesticulation or meaningful movements are movements that have a visual meaning or purpose that can be used and implemented by the audiences. Some examples of dance-dramas in Indonesia are as follows: <a href="/wiki/Wayang_wong" title="Wayang wong">wayang wong</a>, wayang topeng, <a href="/wiki/Ramayana_Ballet" title="Ramayana Ballet">Ramayana Ballet</a>, etc. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional" style="max-width: 1715px;"> <li class="gallerycaption">Some Dance drama performances that use gamelan as an accompaniment</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 330px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ramayana_Bali_Ubud_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Balinese Ramayana dance drama, performed in Sarasvati Garden in Ubud, Bali"><img alt="Balinese Ramayana dance drama, performed in Sarasvati Garden in Ubud, Bali" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Ramayana_Bali_Ubud_1.jpg/300px-Ramayana_Bali_Ubud_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Ramayana_Bali_Ubud_1.jpg/450px-Ramayana_Bali_Ubud_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Ramayana_Bali_Ubud_1.jpg/600px-Ramayana_Bali_Ubud_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3060" data-file-height="1794" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Balinese Ramayana dance drama, performed in Sarasvati Garden in <a href="/wiki/Ubud" title="Ubud">Ubud</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bali" title="Bali">Bali</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 330px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Duryodana_dalam_pertunjukan_wayang_wong_di_Semarang,_Jawa_Tengah.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="King Duryodana in Wayang wong performance in Taman Budaya Rahmat Saleh, Semarang, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia"><img alt="King Duryodana in Wayang wong performance in Taman Budaya Rahmat Saleh, Semarang, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Duryodana_dalam_pertunjukan_wayang_wong_di_Semarang%2C_Jawa_Tengah.jpg/300px-Duryodana_dalam_pertunjukan_wayang_wong_di_Semarang%2C_Jawa_Tengah.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Duryodana_dalam_pertunjukan_wayang_wong_di_Semarang%2C_Jawa_Tengah.jpg/450px-Duryodana_dalam_pertunjukan_wayang_wong_di_Semarang%2C_Jawa_Tengah.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Duryodana_dalam_pertunjukan_wayang_wong_di_Semarang%2C_Jawa_Tengah.jpg/600px-Duryodana_dalam_pertunjukan_wayang_wong_di_Semarang%2C_Jawa_Tengah.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3197" data-file-height="1798" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">King <a href="/wiki/Duryodana" title="Duryodana">Duryodana</a> in Wayang wong performance in Taman Budaya Rahmat Saleh, <a href="/wiki/Semarang" title="Semarang">Semarang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jawa_Tengah" class="mw-redirect" title="Jawa Tengah">Jawa Tengah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 330px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seni_Drama_Tari_Ramayana.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ramayana Ballet Performance near Prambanan Temple complex in Yogyakarta, Indonesia"><img alt="Ramayana Ballet Performance near Prambanan Temple complex in Yogyakarta, Indonesia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Seni_Drama_Tari_Ramayana.jpg/300px-Seni_Drama_Tari_Ramayana.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Seni_Drama_Tari_Ramayana.jpg/450px-Seni_Drama_Tari_Ramayana.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Seni_Drama_Tari_Ramayana.jpg/600px-Seni_Drama_Tari_Ramayana.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4928" data-file-height="3264" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Ramayana_Ballet" title="Ramayana Ballet">Ramayana Ballet</a> Performance near <a href="/wiki/Prambanan_Temple" class="mw-redirect" title="Prambanan Temple">Prambanan Temple</a> complex in <a href="/wiki/Yogyakarta" title="Yogyakarta">Yogyakarta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Wayang_puppet_performances">Wayang puppet performances</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gamelan&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Wayang puppet performances"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Gamelan is used to accompany all puppet shows, including <a href="/wiki/Wayang_kulit" title="Wayang kulit">wayang kulit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wayang_golek" title="Wayang golek">wayang golek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wayang" title="Wayang">wayang klithik</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wayang" title="Wayang">wayang beber</a>, etc. In <i><a href="/wiki/Wayang" title="Wayang">wayang</a></i>, the <i><a href="/wiki/Dhalang" class="mw-redirect" title="Dhalang">dalang</a></i> (puppeteer) must have a thorough knowledge of gamelan, as he gives the cues for the music. Gamelan is a complement and supporter of wayang performances, which is still favored by Indonesians. Gamelan is played to support the atmosphere that Dalang (puppet master) wants to build in a wayang performance. Gamelan, which is the music accompanying the puppet show, is played in pelog or slendro tones according to the atmosphere of the scene being played. Gamelan music supports the delivery of values in wayang performances. The type of gamelan music for puppetry is different from gamelan music for dance or ordinary musical songs. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional" style="max-width: 1715px;"> <li class="gallerycaption">Some Wayang Puppet Show that use Gamelan as an accompaniment</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 330px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pentas_Wayang_Kulit.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Dalang (Puppet master), Sindhen (traditional Javanese singer), and Wiyaga (Gamelan musicians) in Wayang Kulit Show in Java"><img alt="Dalang (Puppet master), Sindhen (traditional Javanese singer), and Wiyaga (Gamelan musicians) in Wayang Kulit Show in Java" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Pentas_Wayang_Kulit.jpg/300px-Pentas_Wayang_Kulit.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Pentas_Wayang_Kulit.jpg/450px-Pentas_Wayang_Kulit.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Pentas_Wayang_Kulit.jpg/600px-Pentas_Wayang_Kulit.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Dalang_(puppeteer)" title="Dalang (puppeteer)">Dalang</a> (Puppet master), Sindhen (traditional Javanese singer), and Wiyaga (Gamelan musicians) in <a href="/wiki/Wayang_Kulit" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayang Kulit">Wayang Kulit</a> Show in <a href="/wiki/Java" title="Java">Java</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 330px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sisi_Lain_Seorang_Dalang.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wayang Golek Performance in Yogyakarta"><img alt="Wayang Golek Performance in Yogyakarta" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Sisi_Lain_Seorang_Dalang.jpg/267px-Sisi_Lain_Seorang_Dalang.jpg" decoding="async" width="267" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Sisi_Lain_Seorang_Dalang.jpg/400px-Sisi_Lain_Seorang_Dalang.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Sisi_Lain_Seorang_Dalang.jpg/533px-Sisi_Lain_Seorang_Dalang.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4896" data-file-height="3672" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Wayang Golek Performance in <a href="/wiki/Yogyakarta" title="Yogyakarta">Yogyakarta</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 330px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:KITLV_3953_-_Kassian_C%C3%A9phas_-_Wayang_beber_performance_of_the_desa_Gelaran_at_the_home_of_Dr._Wahidin_Soedirohoesoedo_at_Yogyakarta_in_the_middle_Dr._GAJ_Hazeu_-_Around_1902.tif" class="mw-file-description" title="Wayang Beber performance of the desa Gelaran at the home of Dr. Wahidin Soedirohoesodo at Yogyakarta in the middle Dr. GAJ Hazeu, Dutch East Indies, in 1902"><img alt="Wayang Beber performance of the desa Gelaran at the home of Dr. Wahidin Soedirohoesodo at Yogyakarta in the middle Dr. GAJ Hazeu, Dutch East Indies, in 1902" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/KITLV_3953_-_Kassian_C%C3%A9phas_-_Wayang_beber_performance_of_the_desa_Gelaran_at_the_home_of_Dr._Wahidin_Soedirohoesoedo_at_Yogyakarta_in_the_middle_Dr._GAJ_Hazeu_-_Around_1902.tif/lossy-page1-300px-thumbnail.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="190" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/KITLV_3953_-_Kassian_C%C3%A9phas_-_Wayang_beber_performance_of_the_desa_Gelaran_at_the_home_of_Dr._Wahidin_Soedirohoesoedo_at_Yogyakarta_in_the_middle_Dr._GAJ_Hazeu_-_Around_1902.tif/lossy-page1-450px-thumbnail.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/KITLV_3953_-_Kassian_C%C3%A9phas_-_Wayang_beber_performance_of_the_desa_Gelaran_at_the_home_of_Dr._Wahidin_Soedirohoesoedo_at_Yogyakarta_in_the_middle_Dr._GAJ_Hazeu_-_Around_1902.tif/lossy-page1-600px-thumbnail.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2765" data-file-height="1752" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Wayang_Beber" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayang Beber">Wayang Beber</a> performance of the desa Gelaran at the home of Dr. <a href="/wiki/Wahidin_Soedirohoesodo" title="Wahidin Soedirohoesodo">Wahidin Soedirohoesodo</a> at <a href="/wiki/Yogyakarta" title="Yogyakarta">Yogyakarta</a> in the middle Dr. GAJ Hazeu, <a href="/wiki/Dutch_East_Indies" title="Dutch East Indies">Dutch East Indies</a>, in 1902</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Traditional_theatre_performances">Traditional theatre performances</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gamelan&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Traditional theatre performances"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Traditional theater, especially on the islands of <a href="/wiki/Java" title="Java">Java</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bali" title="Bali">Bali</a>, is mostly accompanied by gamelan. Traditional theaters such as <a href="/wiki/Kethoprak" class="mw-redirect" title="Kethoprak">kethoprak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ludruk" title="Ludruk">ludruk</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sandiwara" title="Sandiwara">sandiwara</a> are accompanied by gamelan to enliven the show. Ketoprak is a traditional theater founded in central Java. The story is usually about the life of Javanese palaces and noblemen, often about the romance of the royal family members. Ketoprak is often performed in celebrations, such as weddings, circumcision, and Independence Day. It differs from Ludruk from east Java, which uses a contemporary setting and the story of common people and their economic struggles. All the performers of ludruk are males, even the female role is played by males. While Sandiwara is a traditional theatrical drama from west Java. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional" style="max-width: 1715px;"> <li class="gallerycaption">Some traditional theatre performance that use gamelan as an accompaniment</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 330px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kethoprak_Tobong_Kelana_Bhakti_Budaya_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kethoprak (Javanese popular drama depicting legends, historical or pseudo-historical events). Performance by Kethoprak Tobong Kelana Bhakti Budaya, Bantul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia"><img alt="Kethoprak (Javanese popular drama depicting legends, historical or pseudo-historical events). Performance by Kethoprak Tobong Kelana Bhakti Budaya, Bantul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Kethoprak_Tobong_Kelana_Bhakti_Budaya_1.jpg/267px-Kethoprak_Tobong_Kelana_Bhakti_Budaya_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="267" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Kethoprak_Tobong_Kelana_Bhakti_Budaya_1.jpg/400px-Kethoprak_Tobong_Kelana_Bhakti_Budaya_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Kethoprak_Tobong_Kelana_Bhakti_Budaya_1.jpg/533px-Kethoprak_Tobong_Kelana_Bhakti_Budaya_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Kethoprak" class="mw-redirect" title="Kethoprak">Kethoprak</a> (Javanese popular drama depicting legends, historical or pseudo-historical events). Performance by Kethoprak Tobong Kelana Bhakti Budaya, <a href="/wiki/Bantul" title="Bantul">Bantul</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yogyakarta" title="Yogyakarta">Yogyakarta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 330px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gedung_Ludruk_Irama_Budaya_oleh_HS_Sumiyani_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ludruk performance, East Java, Indonesia"><img alt="Ludruk performance, East Java, Indonesia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Gedung_Ludruk_Irama_Budaya_oleh_HS_Sumiyani_2.jpg/300px-Gedung_Ludruk_Irama_Budaya_oleh_HS_Sumiyani_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Gedung_Ludruk_Irama_Budaya_oleh_HS_Sumiyani_2.jpg/450px-Gedung_Ludruk_Irama_Budaya_oleh_HS_Sumiyani_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Gedung_Ludruk_Irama_Budaya_oleh_HS_Sumiyani_2.jpg/600px-Gedung_Ludruk_Irama_Budaya_oleh_HS_Sumiyani_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="1728" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Ludruk" title="Ludruk">Ludruk</a> performance, <a href="/wiki/East_Java" title="East Java">East Java</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 330px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Toneelspelers_uit_het_drama_Sakuntala_TMnr_10026810.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sandiwara performance, West Java, Indonesia"><img alt="Sandiwara performance, West Java, Indonesia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Toneelspelers_uit_het_drama_Sakuntala_TMnr_10026810.jpg/146px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Toneelspelers_uit_het_drama_Sakuntala_TMnr_10026810.jpg" decoding="async" width="146" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Toneelspelers_uit_het_drama_Sakuntala_TMnr_10026810.jpg/218px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Toneelspelers_uit_het_drama_Sakuntala_TMnr_10026810.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Toneelspelers_uit_het_drama_Sakuntala_TMnr_10026810.jpg/291px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Toneelspelers_uit_het_drama_Sakuntala_TMnr_10026810.jpg 2x" data-file-width="510" data-file-height="700" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Sandiwara" title="Sandiwara">Sandiwara</a> performance, <a href="/wiki/West_Java" title="West Java">West Java</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Singing_performance">Singing performance</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gamelan&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Singing performance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Gamelan can be performed by itself – in "<i>klenengan</i>" style, or for radio broadcasts – and concerts presentation are common in national arts conservatories founded in the middle of the 20th century.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gamelan is frequently played on the radio. For example, the <i><a href="/wiki/Pakualaman" title="Pakualaman">Pura Pakualaman</a></i> gamelan performs live on the radio every <i>Minggu Pon</i> (a day in the 35-day cycle of the <a href="/wiki/Javanese_calendar" title="Javanese calendar">Javanese calendar</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-B420_45-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-B420-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In major towns, the <a href="/wiki/Radio_Republik_Indonesia" title="Radio Republik Indonesia">Radio Republik Indonesia</a> employs professional musicians and actors, and broadcast programs of a wide variety of gamelan music and drama.<sup id="cite_ref-B421_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-B421-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the court tradition of central <a href="/wiki/Java" title="Java">Java</a>, gamelan is often played in the <i><a href="/wiki/Pendopo" class="mw-redirect" title="Pendopo">pendopo</a></i>, an open pavilion with a cavernous, double-pitched roof, no side walls, and a hard marble or tile floor. The instruments are placed on a platform to one side, which allows the sound to reverberate in the roof space and enhances the acoustics.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some traditional genre music is accompanied by gamelan ensemble like <a href="/wiki/Javanese_poetry" title="Javanese poetry">Javanese poetry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tembang_sunda" class="mw-redirect" title="Tembang sunda">tembang sunda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Campursari" title="Campursari">campursari</a>, etc. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional" style="max-width: 1715px;"> <li class="gallerycaption">Some Traditional singing performance that use gamelan as an accompaniment</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 330px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ohlala_sinden.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Javanese poetry, Sindhens performance with a gamelan ensemble on a ceremony in Java, Indonesia, on 5 November 2015"><img alt="Javanese poetry, Sindhens performance with a gamelan ensemble on a ceremony in Java, Indonesia, on 5 November 2015" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Ohlala_sinden.jpg/300px-Ohlala_sinden.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Ohlala_sinden.jpg/450px-Ohlala_sinden.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Ohlala_sinden.jpg/600px-Ohlala_sinden.jpg 2x" data-file-width="893" data-file-height="425" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Javanese_poetry" title="Javanese poetry">Javanese poetry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sindhen" class="mw-redirect" title="Sindhen">Sindhens</a> performance with a gamelan ensemble on a ceremony in <a href="/wiki/Java" title="Java">Java</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>, on 5 November 2015</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 330px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:SambaSunda_Quintett_in_Cologne_(0192).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="tembang sunda, Sundanase singer sings Sundanese song in a festival"><img alt="tembang sunda, Sundanase singer sings Sundanese song in a festival" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/SambaSunda_Quintett_in_Cologne_%280192%29.jpg/300px-SambaSunda_Quintett_in_Cologne_%280192%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/SambaSunda_Quintett_in_Cologne_%280192%29.jpg/450px-SambaSunda_Quintett_in_Cologne_%280192%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/SambaSunda_Quintett_in_Cologne_%280192%29.jpg/600px-SambaSunda_Quintett_in_Cologne_%280192%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3600" data-file-height="1800" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Tembang_sunda" class="mw-redirect" title="Tembang sunda">tembang sunda</a>, Sundanase singer sings Sundanese song in a festival</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 330px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Didi_Kempot.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Campursari performance by Didi kempot"><img alt="Campursari performance by Didi kempot" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Didi_Kempot.jpg/300px-Didi_Kempot.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Didi_Kempot.jpg/450px-Didi_Kempot.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Didi_Kempot.jpg/600px-Didi_Kempot.jpg 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Campursari" title="Campursari">Campursari</a> performance by Didi kempot</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Festival">Festival</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gamelan&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Festival"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Many festivals are held in Indonesia, most of them using gamelan to enliven the event. Usually, gamelan is used for entertainment performances or even gamelan becomes the theme of the festival. Several gamelan festivals in Indonesia are held regularly, such as the Gamelan festival in <a href="/wiki/Surakarta" title="Surakarta">Solo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yogyakarta" title="Yogyakarta">Yogyakarta</a> International gamelan festival, <a href="/wiki/Balinese_people" title="Balinese people">Balinese</a> art festival, and many more. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional" style="max-width: 1715px;"> <li class="gallerycaption">Some Festivals in Indonesia</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 330px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Women%27s_Gamelan_Gong_Kebyar_Exhibition.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Balinese women gamelan Gong Kebyar in Balinese Cultural Festival, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia, on 17 June 2013"><img alt="Balinese women gamelan Gong Kebyar in Balinese Cultural Festival, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia, on 17 June 2013" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Women%27s_Gamelan_Gong_Kebyar_Exhibition.jpg/300px-Women%27s_Gamelan_Gong_Kebyar_Exhibition.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Women%27s_Gamelan_Gong_Kebyar_Exhibition.jpg/450px-Women%27s_Gamelan_Gong_Kebyar_Exhibition.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Women%27s_Gamelan_Gong_Kebyar_Exhibition.jpg/600px-Women%27s_Gamelan_Gong_Kebyar_Exhibition.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3851" data-file-height="2551" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Balinese women gamelan <a href="/wiki/Gong_Kebyar" class="mw-redirect" title="Gong Kebyar">Gong Kebyar</a> in Balinese Cultural Festival, <a href="/wiki/Denpasar" title="Denpasar">Denpasar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bali" title="Bali">Bali</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>, on 17 June 2013</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 330px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pentas_Gamelan_Bali.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gamelan performance at Borobudur International Performances and Art Festival 2018"><img alt="Gamelan performance at Borobudur International Performances and Art Festival 2018" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Pentas_Gamelan_Bali.jpg/300px-Pentas_Gamelan_Bali.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Pentas_Gamelan_Bali.jpg/450px-Pentas_Gamelan_Bali.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Pentas_Gamelan_Bali.jpg/600px-Pentas_Gamelan_Bali.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2399" data-file-height="1593" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Gamelan performance at <a href="/wiki/Borobudur" title="Borobudur">Borobudur</a> International Performances and Art Festival 2018</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 330px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Festival_kesenian_bali.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gamelan players at Balinese art festival 2018"><img alt="Gamelan players at Balinese art festival 2018" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Festival_kesenian_bali.jpg/300px-Festival_kesenian_bali.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Festival_kesenian_bali.jpg/450px-Festival_kesenian_bali.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Festival_kesenian_bali.jpg/600px-Festival_kesenian_bali.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1832" data-file-height="1221" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Gamelan players at <a href="/wiki/Balinese_people" title="Balinese people">Balinese</a> art festival 2018</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gamelan_production">Gamelan production</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gamelan&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Gamelan production"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Javanese_Gamelan_Burning_Gong.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Javanese_Gamelan_Burning_Gong.jpg/360px-Javanese_Gamelan_Burning_Gong.jpg" decoding="async" width="360" height="202" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Javanese_Gamelan_Burning_Gong.jpg/540px-Javanese_Gamelan_Burning_Gong.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Javanese_Gamelan_Burning_Gong.jpg/720px-Javanese_Gamelan_Burning_Gong.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3984" data-file-height="2240" /></a><figcaption>A Pande (gamelan maker) forging a <a href="/wiki/Gong" title="Gong">gong</a> in Besalen, <a href="/wiki/Central_Java" title="Central Java">Central Java</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Most of the metal gamelan instruments are made of <a href="/wiki/Bronze" title="Bronze">bronze</a> or <a href="/wiki/Brass" title="Brass">brass</a> or <a href="/wiki/Iron" title="Iron">iron</a>, while some are made of <a href="/wiki/Wood" title="Wood">wood</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bamboo" title="Bamboo">bamboo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leather" title="Leather">leather</a>, and <a href="/wiki/String_(structure)" title="String (structure)">strings</a>. <a href="/wiki/Gangsa" title="Gangsa">Gangsa</a> is short for Tigang (three) and Sedasa (ten), the term for gamelan in the high Javanese language based on the composition of the ingredients for making the best gamelan (<a href="/wiki/Bronze" title="Bronze">bronze</a>), namely ten parts <a href="/wiki/Copper" title="Copper">copper</a> and three parts <a href="/wiki/Tin" title="Tin">tin</a>. Pande is the name for a gamelan maker, while Pelaras is a person who adjusts the gamelan tone to match the existing gamelan standards. In the process of making gamelan, there are at least five stages that must be passed to make a good gamelan. The five stages include: </p><p><i>Membesot</i> – to melt the mixture, a gamelan craftsman will prepare the kowi, which is a bowl-like container made of clay. In this process, a fireplace equipped with a heating device is prepared to produce maximum heat. The kowi is then filled with metals and other alloys, such as copper or silver to produce a nice plate color. </p><p><i>Menyinggi</i> – the metal base material is melted back to be printed into a blade or round shape. There are three forms of gamelan that are made at this stage, namely, the long form (dawan), the long semicircle, and the cebongan form. To maintain sacredness, usually at this stage flower water is used to soak the gamelan that has been printed. <i>Menempa</i> – the gamelan that has been printed then goes into the forging or shaping stage to produce a perfect shape. The forging stage is the most complex stage in the gamelan-making process. In this stage, the process is carried out by people who really understand the ins and outs of gamelan, considering that the forging process is not done carelessly, but uses various hitting techniques using various kinds of hammers. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gamelan_Jawa_-_Menempa_Gamelan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Gamelan_Jawa_-_Menempa_Gamelan.jpg/360px-Gamelan_Jawa_-_Menempa_Gamelan.jpg" decoding="async" width="360" height="202" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Gamelan_Jawa_-_Menempa_Gamelan.jpg/540px-Gamelan_Jawa_-_Menempa_Gamelan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Gamelan_Jawa_-_Menempa_Gamelan.jpg/720px-Gamelan_Jawa_-_Menempa_Gamelan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3984" data-file-height="2240" /></a><figcaption>Pandes (Gamelan Makers) are forging a gamelan instrument called <a href="/wiki/Kempul" title="Kempul">Kempul</a> (small hanging gong) after burning it, <a href="/wiki/Central_Java" title="Central Java">Central Java</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> </figcaption></figure> <p><i>Membabar</i> – the forged gamelan is then examined again at the spreading stage. At this stage, if there are still defects in the shape, it will be corrected again. </p><p><i>Melaras</i> – there is one more important process that must be done to produce a perfect gamelan set, namely the process of adjusting the scales. Therefore, one more stage is needed to produce a gamelan with perfect physical and function, that stage is to adjust the scale. </p><p>After adjusting to the scale, the blades and circles are ready to be installed in the cage. It is at this stage that the manufacture of various gamelan instruments has been physically and functionally completed. Some craftsmen, although rarely found, complement the making of gamelan with various rituals, such as fasting and providing offerings. This is of course to produce a gamelan that is not only perfect physically and functionally, but also philosophically. </p><p>Gamelan production centers are spread across the islands of Java and Bali. These gamelan producers have exported hundreds and supplied gamelan all over the world. Several gamelan production centers are located in <a href="/wiki/Sukoharjo" class="mw-redirect" title="Sukoharjo">Sukoharjo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boyolali" class="mw-redirect" title="Boyolali">Boyolali</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wonogiri" class="mw-redirect" title="Wonogiri">Wonogiri</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nganjuk" class="mw-redirect" title="Nganjuk">Nganjuk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Magetan" class="mw-redirect" title="Magetan">Magetan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bantul" title="Bantul">Bantul</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ponorogo" class="mw-redirect" title="Ponorogo">Ponorogo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Klaten" class="mw-redirect" title="Klaten">Klaten</a>, <a href="/wiki/Banyuwangi" class="mw-redirect" title="Banyuwangi">Banyuwangi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gunung_Kidul" class="mw-redirect" title="Gunung Kidul">Gunung Kidul</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cimahi" title="Cimahi">Cimahi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bogor" title="Bogor">Bogor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gianyar" class="mw-redirect" title="Gianyar">Gianyar</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Klungkung" class="mw-redirect" title="Klungkung">Klungkung</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Influence_on_Western_music">Influence on Western music</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gamelan&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Influence on Western music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gamelan_die_gebruikt_wordt_door_Pati%C3%ABntrn_in_psychiatrisch_ziekenhuis_Soember_Porrong_TMnr_60012675.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gamelan_die_gebruikt_wordt_door_Pati%C3%ABntrn_in_psychiatrisch_ziekenhuis_Soember_Porrong_TMnr_60012675.jpg/360px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gamelan_die_gebruikt_wordt_door_Pati%C3%ABntrn_in_psychiatrisch_ziekenhuis_Soember_Porrong_TMnr_60012675.jpg" decoding="async" width="360" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gamelan_die_gebruikt_wordt_door_Pati%C3%ABntrn_in_psychiatrisch_ziekenhuis_Soember_Porrong_TMnr_60012675.jpg/540px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gamelan_die_gebruikt_wordt_door_Pati%C3%ABntrn_in_psychiatrisch_ziekenhuis_Soember_Porrong_TMnr_60012675.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b1/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gamelan_die_gebruikt_wordt_door_Pati%C3%ABntrn_in_psychiatrisch_ziekenhuis_Soember_Porrong_TMnr_60012675.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="466" /></a><figcaption>Gamelan is used by patients at Sumber <a href="/wiki/Porong" title="Porong">Porong</a> <a href="/wiki/Psychiatric_hospital" title="Psychiatric hospital">Mental Hospital</a> in <a href="/wiki/Java" title="Java">Java</a>, between 1902 and 1922</figcaption></figure> <p>The gamelan has been appreciated by several western composers of <a href="/wiki/European_classical_music" class="mw-redirect" title="European classical music">classical music</a>, most famously <a href="/wiki/Claude_Debussy" title="Claude Debussy">Claude Debussy</a>, who heard a Javanese gamelan in the premiere of <a href="/wiki/Louis-Albert_Bourgault-Ducoudray" title="Louis-Albert Bourgault-Ducoudray">Louis-Albert Bourgault-Ducoudray</a>'s <i>Rhapsodie Cambodgienne</i> at the <a href="/wiki/Exposition_Universelle_(1889)" title="Exposition Universelle (1889)">Paris Exposition of 1889</a> (<a href="/wiki/World%27s_Fair" class="mw-redirect" title="World's Fair">World's Fair</a>). The work had been written seven years earlier in 1882, but received its premiere only in 1889. The gamelan Debussy heard in it was in the <i>slendro</i> scale and was played by Central Javanese musicians.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite his enthusiasm, direct citations of gamelan scales, melodies, rhythms, or ensemble textures have not been located in any of Debussy's own compositions. However, the equal-tempered <a href="/wiki/Whole_tone_scale" class="mw-redirect" title="Whole tone scale">whole tone scale</a> appears in his music of this time and afterward,<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a Javanese gamelan-like <a href="/wiki/Heterophonic" class="mw-redirect" title="Heterophonic">heterophonic</a> texture is emulated on occasion, particularly in "Pagodes", from <i><a href="/wiki/Estampes" title="Estampes">Estampes</a></i> (solo piano, 1903), in which the <a href="/wiki/Gong_ageng" title="Gong ageng">great gong</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Colotomy" title="Colotomy">cyclic punctuation</a> is symbolized by a prominent perfect fifth. </p><p>The composer <a href="/wiki/Erik_Satie" title="Erik Satie">Erik Satie</a>, an influential contemporary of Debussy, also heard the Javanese gamelan play at the Paris Exposition of 1889. The repetitively hypnotic effects of the gamelan were incorporated into Satie's <a href="/wiki/Gnossienne" class="mw-redirect" title="Gnossienne">Gnossienne</a> set for piano.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Direct homages to gamelan music are to be found in works for western instruments by <a href="/wiki/John_Cage" title="John Cage">John Cage</a>, particularly his <a href="/wiki/Prepared_piano" title="Prepared piano">prepared piano</a> pieces, <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9la_Bart%C3%B3k" title="Béla Bartók">Béla Bartók</a>, <a href="/wiki/Francis_Poulenc" title="Francis Poulenc">Francis Poulenc</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leopold_Godowsky" title="Leopold Godowsky">Leopold Godowsky</a>, <a href="/wiki/Olivier_Messiaen" title="Olivier Messiaen">Olivier Messiaen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Boulez" title="Pierre Boulez">Pierre Boulez</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bronislaw_Kaper" class="mw-redirect" title="Bronislaw Kaper">Bronislaw Kaper</a> and <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Britten" title="Benjamin Britten">Benjamin Britten</a>. <a href="/wiki/Colin_McPhee" title="Colin McPhee">Colin McPhee</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lou_Harrison" title="Lou Harrison">Lou Harrison</a> and <a href="/wiki/Claude_Vivier" title="Claude Vivier">Claude Vivier</a> would travel to Bali and Java to document the theory of gamelan, and subsequently incorporated it in their compositions. In more recent times, American composers such as <a href="/wiki/Henry_Brant" title="Henry Brant">Henry Brant</a>, <a href="/wiki/Steve_Reich" title="Steve Reich">Steve Reich</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philip_Glass" title="Philip Glass">Philip Glass</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dennis_Murphy_(musician)" title="Dennis Murphy (musician)">Dennis Murphy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Loren_Nerell" title="Loren Nerell">Loren Nerell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Tenzer" title="Michael Tenzer">Michael Tenzer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Evan_Ziporyn" title="Evan Ziporyn">Evan Ziporyn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Daniel_James_Wolf" title="Daniel James Wolf">Daniel James Wolf</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jody_Diamond" title="Jody Diamond">Jody Diamond</a> as well as Australian composers such as <a href="/wiki/Peter_Sculthorpe" title="Peter Sculthorpe">Peter Sculthorpe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Schultz" title="Andrew Schultz">Andrew Schultz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Grabowsky" title="Paul Grabowsky">Paul Grabowsky</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ross_Edwards_(composer)" title="Ross Edwards (composer)">Ross Edwards</a> have written several works with parts for gamelan instruments or full gamelan ensembles. Several New Zealand composers have composed for gamelan or incorporated elements of gamelan into their music such as <a href="/wiki/Jack_Body" title="Jack Body">Jack Body</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gareth_Farr" title="Gareth Farr">Gareth Farr</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Ritchie" title="Anthony Ritchie">Anthony Ritchie</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Michael_Tenzer.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Michael_Tenzer.jpg/200px-Michael_Tenzer.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="325" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Michael_Tenzer.jpg/300px-Michael_Tenzer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Michael_Tenzer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="650" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Michael_Tenzer" title="Michael Tenzer">Michael Tenzer</a> played Balinese Gamelan in 1992</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/I_Nyoman_Windha" title="I Nyoman Windha">I Nyoman Windha</a> is among contemporary Indonesian composers who have written compositions using western instruments along with Gamelan. Hungarian composer <a href="/wiki/Gy%C3%B6rgy_Ligeti" title="György Ligeti">György Ligeti</a> wrote a piano étude called <i>Galamb Borong</i> influenced by gamelan. <a href="/wiki/Avant-garde" title="Avant-garde">Avant-garde</a> composer <a href="/wiki/Harry_Partch" title="Harry Partch">Harry Partch</a>, one of America's most idiosyncratic composers, was also influenced by Gamelan, both in his <a href="/wiki/Microtonal" class="mw-redirect" title="Microtonal">microtonal</a> compositions and the instruments he built for their performance<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In jazz, the music of <a href="/wiki/Don_Cherry_(trumpeter)" title="Don Cherry (trumpeter)">Don Cherry</a>, especially his 1968 record <i><a href="/wiki/Eternal_Rhythm" title="Eternal Rhythm">Eternal Rhythm</a></i>, shows influences of gamelan music. </p><p>American folk guitarist <a href="/wiki/John_Fahey_(musician)" title="John Fahey (musician)">John Fahey</a> included elements of gamelan in many of his late-1960s sound collages, and again in his 1997 collaboration with <a href="/wiki/Cul_de_Sac_(band)" title="Cul de Sac (band)">Cul de Sac</a>, <i>The Epiphany of Glenn Jones.</i> Influenced by gamelan,<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Fripp" title="Robert Fripp">Robert Fripp</a> and <a href="/wiki/Adrian_Belew" title="Adrian Belew">Adrian Belew</a> used rhythmically interlocking guitars in their duets with each other in the 1981–1984 trilogy of albums (<i><a href="/wiki/Discipline_(King_Crimson_album)" title="Discipline (King Crimson album)">Discipline</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Beat_(King_Crimson_album)" title="Beat (King Crimson album)">Beat</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Three_of_a_Perfect_Pair_(King_Crimson_album)" class="mw-redirect" title="Three of a Perfect Pair (King Crimson album)">Three of a Perfect Pair</a></i>) by rock band <a href="/wiki/King_Crimson" title="King Crimson">King Crimson</a><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and with <i><a href="/wiki/Guitar_Craft" title="Guitar Craft">The League of Crafty Guitarists</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The gamelan has also been used by British multi-instrumentalist <a href="/wiki/Mike_Oldfield" title="Mike Oldfield">Mike Oldfield</a> at least three times, "Woodhenge" (1979), "The Wind Chimes (Part II)" (1987) and "Nightshade" (2005). </p><p>On the debut EP of <a href="/wiki/Sonic_Youth" title="Sonic Youth">Sonic Youth</a> the track 'She's not Alone' has a gamelan timbre. Experimental pop groups <a href="/wiki/The_Residents" title="The Residents">The Residents</a>, <a href="/wiki/23_Skidoo_(band)" title="23 Skidoo (band)">23 Skidoo</a> (whose 1984 album was even titled <i>Urban Gamelan</i>), <a href="/wiki/Mouse_on_Mars" title="Mouse on Mars">Mouse on Mars</a>, <a href="/wiki/His_Name_Is_Alive" title="His Name Is Alive">His Name Is Alive</a>, <a href="/wiki/Xiu_Xiu" title="Xiu Xiu">Xiu Xiu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Macha_(band)" title="Macha (band)">Macha</a>, Saudade, <a href="/wiki/The_Raincoats" title="The Raincoats">The Raincoats</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Sun_City_Girls" title="Sun City Girls">Sun City Girls</a> have used gamelan percussion. Avant-garde performance band <a href="/w/index.php?title=Melted_Men&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Melted Men (page does not exist)">Melted Men</a> uses Balinese gamelan instruments as well as gamelan-influenced costumes and dance in their shows. The <a href="/wiki/Moodswinger" title="Moodswinger">Moodswinger</a> built by <a href="/wiki/Yuri_Landman" title="Yuri Landman">Yuri Landman</a> gives gamelan–like clock and bell sounds, because of its <a href="/wiki/3rd_bridge" title="3rd bridge">3rd bridge</a> construction. Indonesian-Dutch composer <a href="/wiki/Sinta_Wullur" title="Sinta Wullur">Sinta Wullur</a> has integrated Western music and gamelan for opera. Canadian Band <a href="/wiki/Godspeed_You!_Black_Emperor" title="Godspeed You! Black Emperor">Godspeed You! Black Emperor</a> are notably influenced by gamelan even naming a live track simply "Gamelan" before changing its name to "We Drift Like Worried fire" for their 2012 album <a href="/wiki/%27Allelujah!_Don%27t_Bend!_Ascend!" title="'Allelujah! Don't Bend! Ascend!">'Allelujah! Don't Bend! Ascend!</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Influence_on_contemporary_music">Influence on contemporary music</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gamelan&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Influence on contemporary music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Uitvoering_van_een_gamelan_degung_in_de_RRI_Studio_TMnr_20000384.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Uitvoering_van_een_gamelan_degung_in_de_RRI_Studio_TMnr_20000384.jpg/360px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Uitvoering_van_een_gamelan_degung_in_de_RRI_Studio_TMnr_20000384.jpg" decoding="async" width="360" height="376" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Uitvoering_van_een_gamelan_degung_in_de_RRI_Studio_TMnr_20000384.jpg/540px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Uitvoering_van_een_gamelan_degung_in_de_RRI_Studio_TMnr_20000384.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/87/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Uitvoering_van_een_gamelan_degung_in_de_RRI_Studio_TMnr_20000384.jpg 2x" data-file-width="671" data-file-height="700" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Gamelan_Degung" class="mw-redirect" title="Gamelan Degung">Gamelan Degung</a> Ensemble performance for the recording at the <a href="/wiki/Radio_Republik_Indonesia" title="Radio Republik Indonesia">Radio Republik Indonesia</a> studio, <a href="/wiki/Jakarta" title="Jakarta">Jakarta</a>, on 24 April 1966</figcaption></figure> <p>In contemporary <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Indonesian music">Indonesian music</a> scene, some groups fuse contemporary westernized <a href="/wiki/Jazz_fusion" title="Jazz fusion">jazz fusion</a> music with the legacy of traditional <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnic music">ethnic music</a> traditions. In the case of <a href="/wiki/Krakatau_(band)" title="Krakatau (band)">Krakatau</a> and <a href="/wiki/SambaSunda" title="SambaSunda">SambaSunda</a>, the bands from West Java, the traditional Sundanese <a href="/wiki/Kacapi_suling" title="Kacapi suling">kacapi suling</a> and gamelan degung Sunda orchestra is performed alongside drum set, keyboard and guitars. Other bands such as Bossanova Java fused Javanese music with <a href="/wiki/Bossa_nova" title="Bossa nova">bossa nova</a>, while the Kulkul band fuse jazz with Balinese gamelan. </p><p>The Indonesian singer <a href="/wiki/Anggun" title="Anggun">Anggun</a> often incorporated in her works Indonesian traditional tunes from the gamelan and tembang style of singing. Typical gamelan tunes can be traced in several songs in her album <i><a href="/wiki/Snow_on_the_Sahara" title="Snow on the Sahara">Snow on the Sahara</a></i> such as "<a href="/wiki/Snow_on_the_Sahara_(song)" title="Snow on the Sahara (song)">Snow on the Sahara</a>", "<a href="/wiki/A_Rose_in_the_Wind" title="A Rose in the Wind">A Rose in the Wind</a>", and also in her collaboration works with <a href="/wiki/Deep_Forest" title="Deep Forest">Deep Forest</a> on "Deep Blue Sea" on their 2002 album, <i>Music Detected</i>. Philippine-born Indonesian singer <a href="/w/index.php?title=Maribeth_Pascua&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maribeth Pascua (page does not exist)">Maribeth Pascua</a> also features gamelan tunes in her songs <i>Denpasar Moon</i> and <i>Borobudur</i>. </p><p>Beyond Indonesia, gamelan has also had an influence on <a href="/wiki/J-pop" title="J-pop">Japanese popular music</a>, specifically the <a href="/wiki/Synthpop" class="mw-redirect" title="Synthpop">synthpop</a> band <a href="/wiki/Yellow_Magic_Orchestra" title="Yellow Magic Orchestra">Yellow Magic Orchestra</a>. Their 1981 record <i><a href="/wiki/Technodelic" title="Technodelic">Technodelic</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> one of the first albums to heavily rely on <a href="/wiki/Sampling_(music)" title="Sampling (music)">samples</a> and <a href="/wiki/Loop_(music)" title="Loop (music)">loops</a>, made use of gamelan elements and samples. Yellow Magic Orchestra member <a href="/wiki/Ryuichi_Sakamoto" title="Ryuichi Sakamoto">Ryuichi Sakamoto</a> also used gamelan elements for his soundtrack to the 1983 British-Japanese film <i><a href="/wiki/Merry_Christmas,_Mr._Lawrence" title="Merry Christmas, Mr. Lawrence">Merry Christmas, Mr. Lawrence</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which won him the 1983 <a href="/wiki/BAFTA_Award_for_Best_Film_Music" class="mw-redirect" title="BAFTA Award for Best Film Music">BAFTA Award for Best Film Music</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Supanggah_2004.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Supanggah_2004.JPG/200px-Supanggah_2004.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Supanggah_2004.JPG/300px-Supanggah_2004.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Supanggah_2004.JPG/400px-Supanggah_2004.JPG 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>K.R.T. <a href="/wiki/Rahayu_Supanggah" title="Rahayu Supanggah">Rahayu Supanggah</a>, one of gamelan maestros. He introduced gamelan to almost the entire world, actively researching, writing, training, creating compositions, teaching, and performing</figcaption></figure> <p>Many listeners were introduced to the sounds of gamelan by the popular 1988 Japanese <a href="/wiki/Anime" title="Anime">anime</a> film <i><a href="/wiki/Akira_(1988_film)" title="Akira (1988 film)">Akira</a></i>. Gamelan elements are used in this film to punctuate several exciting fight scenes, as well as to symbolize the emerging psychic powers of the tragic hero, Tetsuo. The gamelan in the film's score was performed by the members of the <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japanese</a> musical collective <a href="/wiki/Geinoh_Yamashirogumi" title="Geinoh Yamashirogumi">Geinoh Yamashirogumi</a>, using their <i>semar pegulingan</i> and <i>jegog</i> ensembles, which were also used in the previous album, <i>Ecophony Rinne</i>. Gamelan and kecak are also used in the soundtrack to the video games <i><a href="/wiki/Secret_of_Mana" title="Secret of Mana">Secret of Mana</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Sonic_Unleashed" title="Sonic Unleashed">Sonic Unleashed</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Hotline_Miami_2" class="mw-redirect" title="Hotline Miami 2">Hotline Miami 2</a></i>. The two opening credits of 1998 Japanese <a href="/wiki/Anime" title="Anime">Anime</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Neo_Ranga" title="Neo Ranga">Neo Ranga</a></i> use Balinese music (<i>Kecak</i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Gamelan_gong_kebyar" title="Gamelan gong kebyar">Gamelan gong kebyar</a></i>). Each "waking up" of Ranga in the anime uses the <i>Gong Kebyar</i> theme. The musical soundtrack for the Sci Fi Channel series <i><a href="/wiki/Battlestar_Galactica_(re-imagining)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battlestar Galactica (re-imagining)">Battlestar Galactica</a></i> features extensive use of the gamelan, particularly in the 3rd season,<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as do <a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Desplat" title="Alexandre Desplat">Alexandre Desplat</a>'s scores for <i><a href="/wiki/Girl_with_a_Pearl_Earring_(film)" title="Girl with a Pearl Earring (film)">Girl with a Pearl Earring</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Golden_Compass_(film)" title="The Golden Compass (film)">The Golden Compass</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/James_Newton_Howard" title="James Newton Howard">James Newton Howard</a>, who composed <a href="/wiki/Walt_Disney_Animation_Studios" title="Walt Disney Animation Studios">Disney's</a> 2001 feature film <i><a href="/wiki/Atlantis:_The_Lost_Empire" title="Atlantis: The Lost Empire">Atlantis: The Lost Empire</a></i>, chose Gamelan for the musical theme of the Atlanteans.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Loops of gamelan music appear in electronic music. An early example is the Texas band <a href="/wiki/Drain_(noise_rock_band)" title="Drain (noise rock band)">Drain</a>'s album <i>Offspeed and In There</i>, which contains two tracks where trip-hop beats are matched with gamelan loops from Java and Bali and recent popular examples include the <a href="/wiki/Sofa_Surfers_(band)" title="Sofa Surfers (band)">Sofa Surfers</a>' piece <i>Gamelan</i>, or <i>EXEC_PURGER/.#AURICA extracting</i>, a song sung by <a href="/wiki/Haruka_Shimotsuki" title="Haruka Shimotsuki">Haruka Shimotsuki</a> as part of the <i><a href="/wiki/Ar_tonelico:_Melody_of_Elemia" class="mw-redirect" title="Ar tonelico: Melody of Elemia">Ar tonelico: Melody of Elemia</a></i> soundtracks. </p><p>Gamelan influences can also be heard in the 2004 award-winning pop song, <i>Pulangkan</i>, a theme from the gamelan-cultural related film <i><a href="/wiki/Pontianak_Harum_Sundal_Malam" title="Pontianak Harum Sundal Malam">Pontianak Harum Sundal Malam</a></i> by Malaysian songbird <a href="/w/index.php?title=Misha_Omar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Misha Omar (page does not exist)">Misha Omar</a> and also the 2006 hip hop song, <a href="/wiki/Tokyo_Drift_(Fast_%26_Furious)" title="Tokyo Drift (Fast & Furious)">Tokyo Drift (Fast & Furious)</a>, by <a href="/wiki/Teriyaki_Boyz" title="Teriyaki Boyz">Teriyaki Boyz</a>. </p><p>In the <i><a href="/wiki/Regular_Show" title="Regular Show">Regular Show</a></i> episode "150-Piece Kit", a gamelan is mentioned to be part of the eponymous kit. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gamelan_outside_Indonesia">Gamelan outside Indonesia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gamelan&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Gamelan outside Indonesia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Gamelan_outside_Indonesia" title="Gamelan outside Indonesia">Gamelan outside Indonesia</a></div> <p>Gamelan is widely known in Indonesia and abroad. There are many gamelan groups outside Indonesia. This is due to several factors like Indonesian migration (<a href="/wiki/Javanese_people" title="Javanese people">Javanese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Balinese_people" title="Balinese people">Balinese</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Sundanese_people" title="Sundanese people">Sundanese</a>) and cultural interest, which brought and introduced gamelan abroad. The government of Indonesia is also actively promoting culture abroad through cultural missions and actively opening Darmasiswa<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scholarships for foreign students and lecturers who want to learn Indonesian culture, one of the most preferred is Gamelan. Indonesia has exported hundreds of gamelans and supplied gamelan all over the world. Gamelan has spread to almost all continents such as the Americas (<a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>, <a href="/wiki/Suriname" title="Suriname">Suriname</a>), Europe<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>, <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ireland" title="Ireland">Ireland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>, <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Netherland" class="mw-redirect" title="Netherland">Netherland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a>), Asia (<a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a>, <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Korea" title="Korea">Korea</a>), <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> and <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional" style="max-width: 1715px;"> <li class="gallerycaption">Some of the gamelan Groups Outside Indonesia</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 330px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Oberlingamelan.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Kyai Barleyan, a Javanese gamelan at Oberlin College in Ohio. Acquired in 1970, it is believed to be the third-oldest gamelan in use in the United States."><img alt="Kyai Barleyan, a Javanese gamelan at Oberlin College in Ohio. Acquired in 1970, it is believed to be the third-oldest gamelan in use in the United States." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Oberlingamelan.JPG/267px-Oberlingamelan.JPG" decoding="async" width="267" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Oberlingamelan.JPG/400px-Oberlingamelan.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Oberlingamelan.JPG/533px-Oberlingamelan.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Kyai Barleyan, a <a href="/wiki/Javanese_gamelan" class="mw-redirect" title="Javanese gamelan">Javanese gamelan</a> at <a href="/wiki/Oberlin_College" title="Oberlin College">Oberlin College</a> in <a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a>. Acquired in 1970, it is believed to be the third-oldest gamelan in use in the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 330px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gamelansonoflion.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gamelan Son of Lion, a Javanese-style iron American gamelan based in New York City that is devoted to new music, playing in a loft in SoHo, Manhattan, United States in 2007"><img alt="Gamelan Son of Lion, a Javanese-style iron American gamelan based in New York City that is devoted to new music, playing in a loft in SoHo, Manhattan, United States in 2007" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Gamelansonoflion.jpg/267px-Gamelansonoflion.jpg" decoding="async" width="267" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Gamelansonoflion.jpg/400px-Gamelansonoflion.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Gamelansonoflion.jpg/533px-Gamelansonoflion.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Gamelan_Son_of_Lion" title="Gamelan Son of Lion">Gamelan Son of Lion</a>, a Javanese-style iron <a href="/wiki/American_gamelan" title="American gamelan">American gamelan</a> based in New York City that is devoted to new music, playing in a loft in <a href="/wiki/SoHo" class="mw-redirect" title="SoHo">SoHo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> in 2007</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 330px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Indra_Swara_gamelan.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sundanese Gamelan Degung being played in Museo Nacional de las Culturas Mexico, Indra Swara Gamelan Group, on 2 April 2018"><img alt="Sundanese Gamelan Degung being played in Museo Nacional de las Culturas Mexico, Indra Swara Gamelan Group, on 2 April 2018" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Indra_Swara_gamelan.jpg/300px-Indra_Swara_gamelan.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="185" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Indra_Swara_gamelan.jpg/450px-Indra_Swara_gamelan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Indra_Swara_gamelan.jpg/600px-Indra_Swara_gamelan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3679" data-file-height="2273" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Sundanese Gamelan Degung being played in <a href="/wiki/Museo_Nacional_de_las_Culturas" title="Museo Nacional de las Culturas">Museo Nacional de las Culturas</a> Mexico, <a href="/wiki/Indra_Swara" title="Indra Swara">Indra Swara</a> Gamelan Group, on 2 April 2018</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gamelan&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerycaption">Gamelan ensemble</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 136.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 134.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tari_Golek_Ayun-Ayun_9.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Golek Ayun-Ayun Dance performance accompanied by gamelan ensemble at Bangsal Sri Manganti Keraton Yogyakarta."><img alt="Golek Ayun-Ayun Dance performance accompanied by gamelan ensemble at Bangsal Sri Manganti Keraton Yogyakarta." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Tari_Golek_Ayun-Ayun_9.JPG/202px-Tari_Golek_Ayun-Ayun_9.JPG" decoding="async" width="135" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Tari_Golek_Ayun-Ayun_9.JPG/304px-Tari_Golek_Ayun-Ayun_9.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Tari_Golek_Ayun-Ayun_9.JPG/405px-Tari_Golek_Ayun-Ayun_9.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2712" data-file-height="3616" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><small>Golek Ayun-Ayun Dance performance accompanied by gamelan ensemble at Bangsal Sri Manganti <a href="/wiki/Keraton_Yogyakarta" class="mw-redirect" title="Keraton Yogyakarta">Keraton Yogyakarta</a>.</small></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 116px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 114px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jaipongan_Langit_Biru_01_crop.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Sundanese Jaipongan dance performance accompanied by a gamelan ensemble in West Java Pavilion, Taman Mini Indonesia Indah, Jakarta."><img alt="The Sundanese Jaipongan dance performance accompanied by a gamelan ensemble in West Java Pavilion, Taman Mini Indonesia Indah, Jakarta." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Jaipongan_Langit_Biru_01_crop.jpg/171px-Jaipongan_Langit_Biru_01_crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="114" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Jaipongan_Langit_Biru_01_crop.jpg/257px-Jaipongan_Langit_Biru_01_crop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Jaipongan_Langit_Biru_01_crop.jpg/343px-Jaipongan_Langit_Biru_01_crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="978" data-file-height="1540" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><small>The Sundanese <a href="/wiki/Jaipongan" title="Jaipongan">Jaipongan</a> dance performance accompanied by a gamelan ensemble in <a href="/wiki/West_Java" title="West Java">West Java</a> Pavilion, <a href="/wiki/Taman_Mini_Indonesia_Indah" title="Taman Mini Indonesia Indah">Taman Mini Indonesia Indah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jakarta" title="Jakarta">Jakarta</a>.</small></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 290px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 288px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bali_Lion_Dance.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gamelan ensemble (or gambelan in Balinese term) accompanying barong performance (Bali lion dance) at Garuda Wisnu Kencana cultural complex, Bali, Indonesia."><img alt="Gamelan ensemble (or gambelan in Balinese term) accompanying barong performance (Bali lion dance) at Garuda Wisnu Kencana cultural complex, Bali, Indonesia." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Bali_Lion_Dance.jpg/432px-Bali_Lion_Dance.jpg" decoding="async" width="288" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Bali_Lion_Dance.jpg/648px-Bali_Lion_Dance.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Bali_Lion_Dance.jpg/864px-Bali_Lion_Dance.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2160" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><small>Gamelan ensemble (or <a href="/wiki/Beleganjur" title="Beleganjur">gambelan</a> in Balinese term) accompanying <a href="/wiki/Barong_(mythology)" title="Barong (mythology)">barong</a> performance (Bali <a href="/wiki/Lion_dance" title="Lion dance">lion dance</a>) at <a href="/wiki/Garuda_Wisnu_Kencana_Cultural_Park" title="Garuda Wisnu Kencana Cultural Park">Garuda Wisnu Kencana cultural complex</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bali" title="Bali">Bali</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>.</small></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 176px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 174px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Barong_dansvoorstelling_TMnr_60052397.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Telek (masked) dance accompanied by gamelan ensemble in Bali, between 1950 and 1957."><img alt="Telek (masked) dance accompanied by gamelan ensemble in Bali, between 1950 and 1957." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Barong_dansvoorstelling_TMnr_60052397.jpg/261px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Barong_dansvoorstelling_TMnr_60052397.jpg" decoding="async" width="174" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Barong_dansvoorstelling_TMnr_60052397.jpg/392px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Barong_dansvoorstelling_TMnr_60052397.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Barong_dansvoorstelling_TMnr_60052397.jpg/522px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Barong_dansvoorstelling_TMnr_60052397.jpg 2x" data-file-width="677" data-file-height="700" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><small>Telek (masked) dance accompanied by gamelan ensemble in Bali, between 1950 and 1957.</small></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 250.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 248.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_wajang_wong_voorstelling_TMnr_60018012.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wayang wong performance accompanied by Gamelan in Java, between 1890 and 1916."><img alt="Wayang wong performance accompanied by Gamelan in Java, between 1890 and 1916." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_wajang_wong_voorstelling_TMnr_60018012.jpg/373px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_wajang_wong_voorstelling_TMnr_60018012.jpg" decoding="async" width="249" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_wajang_wong_voorstelling_TMnr_60018012.jpg/559px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_wajang_wong_voorstelling_TMnr_60018012.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_wajang_wong_voorstelling_TMnr_60018012.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="507" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><small><a href="/wiki/Wayang_wong" title="Wayang wong">Wayang wong</a> performance accompanied by Gamelan in Java, between 1890 and 1916.</small></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 264.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 262.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_uit_kinderen_bestaand_gamelanorkest_in_een_tempelcomplex_op_Bali_TMnr_60049082.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A gamelan ensemble consisting of children in a temple complex in Bali, between 1910 and 1920."><img alt="A gamelan ensemble consisting of children in a temple complex in Bali, between 1910 and 1920." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_uit_kinderen_bestaand_gamelanorkest_in_een_tempelcomplex_op_Bali_TMnr_60049082.jpg/394px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_uit_kinderen_bestaand_gamelanorkest_in_een_tempelcomplex_op_Bali_TMnr_60049082.jpg" decoding="async" width="263" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_uit_kinderen_bestaand_gamelanorkest_in_een_tempelcomplex_op_Bali_TMnr_60049082.jpg/591px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_uit_kinderen_bestaand_gamelanorkest_in_een_tempelcomplex_op_Bali_TMnr_60049082.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/af/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_uit_kinderen_bestaand_gamelanorkest_in_een_tempelcomplex_op_Bali_TMnr_60049082.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><small>A gamelan ensemble consisting of children in a temple complex in <a href="/wiki/Bali" title="Bali">Bali</a>, between 1910 and 1920.</small></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 240px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 238px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Kinderen_in_danskostuums_Kebun_Dalem_Semarang_TMnr_60005221.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Children practiced dance with gamelan at Kebun Dalem Semarang, Dutch east Indies, circa 1867."><img alt="Children practiced dance with gamelan at Kebun Dalem Semarang, Dutch east Indies, circa 1867." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Kinderen_in_danskostuums_Kebun_Dalem_Semarang_TMnr_60005221.jpg/357px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Kinderen_in_danskostuums_Kebun_Dalem_Semarang_TMnr_60005221.jpg" decoding="async" width="238" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Kinderen_in_danskostuums_Kebun_Dalem_Semarang_TMnr_60005221.jpg/536px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Kinderen_in_danskostuums_Kebun_Dalem_Semarang_TMnr_60005221.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f0/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Kinderen_in_danskostuums_Kebun_Dalem_Semarang_TMnr_60005221.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="529" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><small>Children practiced dance with gamelan at Kebun Dalem <a href="/wiki/Semarang" title="Semarang">Semarang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dutch_east_Indies" class="mw-redirect" title="Dutch east Indies">Dutch east Indies</a>, circa 1867.</small></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 234.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 232.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Zaal_in_het_museum_van_het_Koninklijk_Bataviaasch_Genootschap_van_Kunsten_en_Wetenschappen_Batavia_TMnr_60025183.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A gamelan set in an exhibition at the museum of the Royal Batavian Society of Arts and Sciences (Now, National Museum of Indonesia), Batavia, circa 1896."><img alt="A gamelan set in an exhibition at the museum of the Royal Batavian Society of Arts and Sciences (Now, National Museum of Indonesia), Batavia, circa 1896." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Zaal_in_het_museum_van_het_Koninklijk_Bataviaasch_Genootschap_van_Kunsten_en_Wetenschappen_Batavia_TMnr_60025183.jpg/349px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Zaal_in_het_museum_van_het_Koninklijk_Bataviaasch_Genootschap_van_Kunsten_en_Wetenschappen_Batavia_TMnr_60025183.jpg" decoding="async" width="233" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Zaal_in_het_museum_van_het_Koninklijk_Bataviaasch_Genootschap_van_Kunsten_en_Wetenschappen_Batavia_TMnr_60025183.jpg/523px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Zaal_in_het_museum_van_het_Koninklijk_Bataviaasch_Genootschap_van_Kunsten_en_Wetenschappen_Batavia_TMnr_60025183.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Zaal_in_het_museum_van_het_Koninklijk_Bataviaasch_Genootschap_van_Kunsten_en_Wetenschappen_Batavia_TMnr_60025183.jpg/698px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Zaal_in_het_museum_van_het_Koninklijk_Bataviaasch_Genootschap_van_Kunsten_en_Wetenschappen_Batavia_TMnr_60025183.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="542" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><small>A gamelan set in an exhibition at the museum of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Batavian_Society_of_Arts_and_Sciences" title="Royal Batavian Society of Arts and Sciences">Royal Batavian Society of Arts and Sciences</a> (Now, <a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_Indonesia" title="National Museum of Indonesia">National Museum of Indonesia</a>), <a href="/wiki/Batavia,_Dutch_East_Indies" title="Batavia, Dutch East Indies">Batavia</a>, circa 1896.</small></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 256px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 254px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gamelan_Kaduk_Manis_Manis_Rengga,_Kraton_Surakarta.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gamelan Kaduk Manis Rengga (sacred gamelan) from Kraton Surakarta, Java, 2003."><img alt="Gamelan Kaduk Manis Rengga (sacred gamelan) from Kraton Surakarta, Java, 2003." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Gamelan_Kaduk_Manis_Manis_Rengga%2C_Kraton_Surakarta.jpg/381px-Gamelan_Kaduk_Manis_Manis_Rengga%2C_Kraton_Surakarta.jpg" decoding="async" width="254" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Gamelan_Kaduk_Manis_Manis_Rengga%2C_Kraton_Surakarta.jpg/572px-Gamelan_Kaduk_Manis_Manis_Rengga%2C_Kraton_Surakarta.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Gamelan_Kaduk_Manis_Manis_Rengga%2C_Kraton_Surakarta.jpg/762px-Gamelan_Kaduk_Manis_Manis_Rengga%2C_Kraton_Surakarta.jpg 2x" data-file-width="927" data-file-height="657" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><small>Gamelan Kaduk Manis Rengga (sacred gamelan) from <a href="/wiki/Kraton_Surakarta" class="mw-redirect" title="Kraton Surakarta">Kraton Surakarta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Java" title="Java">Java</a>, 2003.</small></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 248px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 246px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_wajang_kelitik_voorstelling_met_gamelanorkest_in_Ngandong_TMnr_60023519.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A wayang klithik (flat woodden puppet) performance with a gamelan orchestra in Ngandong, Java, in 1918."><img alt="A wayang klithik (flat woodden puppet) performance with a gamelan orchestra in Ngandong, Java, in 1918." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_wajang_kelitik_voorstelling_met_gamelanorkest_in_Ngandong_TMnr_60023519.jpg/369px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_wajang_kelitik_voorstelling_met_gamelanorkest_in_Ngandong_TMnr_60023519.jpg" decoding="async" width="246" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_wajang_kelitik_voorstelling_met_gamelanorkest_in_Ngandong_TMnr_60023519.jpg/554px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_wajang_kelitik_voorstelling_met_gamelanorkest_in_Ngandong_TMnr_60023519.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/56/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_wajang_kelitik_voorstelling_met_gamelanorkest_in_Ngandong_TMnr_60023519.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><small>A wayang klithik (flat woodden puppet) performance with a gamelan orchestra in <a href="/wiki/Ngandong" class="mw-redirect" title="Ngandong">Ngandong</a>, <a href="/wiki/Java" title="Java">Java</a>, in 1918.</small></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 242px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 240px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bonang_of_Gamelan_Sekati,_Yogyakarta.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gamelan Sekati (One of Some Javanese Sacred Gamelan in the Keraton Yogyakarta) is being played to accompany Sekaten Ceremony in front of Kauman Great Mosque in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, on 27 April 2004."><img alt="Gamelan Sekati (One of Some Javanese Sacred Gamelan in the Keraton Yogyakarta) is being played to accompany Sekaten Ceremony in front of Kauman Great Mosque in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, on 27 April 2004." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Bonang_of_Gamelan_Sekati%2C_Yogyakarta.jpg/360px-Bonang_of_Gamelan_Sekati%2C_Yogyakarta.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Bonang_of_Gamelan_Sekati%2C_Yogyakarta.jpg/540px-Bonang_of_Gamelan_Sekati%2C_Yogyakarta.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Bonang_of_Gamelan_Sekati%2C_Yogyakarta.jpg/720px-Bonang_of_Gamelan_Sekati%2C_Yogyakarta.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><small>Gamelan Sekati (One of Some Javanese Sacred Gamelan in the <a href="/wiki/Keraton_Yogyakarta" class="mw-redirect" title="Keraton Yogyakarta">Keraton Yogyakarta</a>) is being played to accompany <a href="/wiki/Sekaten" title="Sekaten">Sekaten</a> Ceremony in front of <a href="/wiki/Kauman_Great_Mosque" title="Kauman Great Mosque">Kauman Great Mosque</a> in <a href="/wiki/Yogyakarta" title="Yogyakarta">Yogyakarta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>, on 27 April 2004.</small></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 299.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 297.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Indra_A_(1).png" class="mw-file-description" title="Gamelan Nyi Asep Mangsa, Indra Swara, México, on 27 March 2015."><img alt="Gamelan Nyi Asep Mangsa, Indra Swara, México, on 27 March 2015." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Indra_A_%281%29.png/446px-Indra_A_%281%29.png" decoding="async" width="298" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5a/Indra_A_%281%29.png 1.5x" data-file-width="608" data-file-height="368" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><small>Gamelan Nyi Asep Mangsa, <a href="/wiki/Indra_Swara" title="Indra Swara">Indra Swara</a>, <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9xico" class="mw-redirect" title="México">México</a>, on 27 March 2015.</small></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 231.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 229.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_gamelanorkest_begeleidt_het_schaduwpoppenspel_Wajang_koelit._TMnr_60003354.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A gamelan ensemble accompanies Wayang Kulit Show (the Indonesian Shadow Play) in Java, circa 1870."><img alt="A gamelan ensemble accompanies Wayang Kulit Show (the Indonesian Shadow Play) in Java, circa 1870." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_gamelanorkest_begeleidt_het_schaduwpoppenspel_Wajang_koelit._TMnr_60003354.jpg/344px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_gamelanorkest_begeleidt_het_schaduwpoppenspel_Wajang_koelit._TMnr_60003354.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_gamelanorkest_begeleidt_het_schaduwpoppenspel_Wajang_koelit._TMnr_60003354.jpg/516px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_gamelanorkest_begeleidt_het_schaduwpoppenspel_Wajang_koelit._TMnr_60003354.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_gamelanorkest_begeleidt_het_schaduwpoppenspel_Wajang_koelit._TMnr_60003354.jpg/687px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_gamelanorkest_begeleidt_het_schaduwpoppenspel_Wajang_koelit._TMnr_60003354.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="550" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><small>A gamelan ensemble accompanies <a href="/wiki/Wayang_Kulit" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayang Kulit">Wayang Kulit</a> Show (the <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesian</a> <a href="/wiki/Shadow_play" title="Shadow play">Shadow Play</a>) in <a href="/wiki/Java" title="Java">Java</a>, circa 1870.</small></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 362px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 360px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Indonesia_1979_10000r_o.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A gamelan ensemble as depicted on the obverse of the 1979-issue 10,000 rupiah banknote"><img alt="A gamelan ensemble as depicted on the obverse of the 1979-issue 10,000 rupiah banknote" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Indonesia_1979_10000r_o.jpg/540px-Indonesia_1979_10000r_o.jpg" decoding="async" width="360" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ec/Indonesia_1979_10000r_o.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><small>A gamelan ensemble as depicted on the obverse of the 1979-issue <a href="/wiki/Banknotes_of_the_rupiah" class="mw-redirect" title="Banknotes of the rupiah">10,000 rupiah banknote</a></small></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gamelan&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style 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class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/GClef.svg/10px-GClef.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/GClef.svg/15px-GClef.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/GClef.svg/20px-GClef.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="41" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Music" title="Portal:Music">Music portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/32px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" 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States">List of gamelan ensembles in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gendang_beleq" title="Gendang beleq">Gendang beleq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wayang" title="Wayang">Wayang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batik" title="Batik">Batik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keris" class="mw-redirect" title="Keris">Keris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angklung" title="Angklung">Angklung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saman_(dance)" title="Saman (dance)">Saman (dance)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pencak_Silat" class="mw-redirect" title="Pencak Silat">Pencak Silat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phinisi" class="mw-redirect" title="Phinisi">Phinisi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bedhaya" title="Bedhaya">Bedhaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talempong" title="Talempong">Talempong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legong" title="Legong">Legong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kulintang" title="Kulintang">Kulintang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sasando" title="Sasando">Sasando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serimpi" class="mw-redirect" title="Serimpi">Serimpi</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gamelan&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ThoughtCo-Gamelan-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ThoughtCo-Gamelan_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ThoughtCo-Gamelan_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ThoughtCo-Gamelan_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thoughtco.com/history-of-gamelan-195131">"Learn the History Behind Gamelan, Indonesian Music and Dance"</a>. <i>ThoughtCo</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191014073125/https://www.thoughtco.com/history-of-gamelan-195131">Archived</a> from the original on 14 October 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 November</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ThoughtCo&rft.atitle=Learn+the+History+Behind+Gamelan%2C+Indonesian+Music+and+Dance&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thoughtco.com%2Fhistory-of-gamelan-195131&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGamelan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWells2008" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_C._Wells" title="John C. Wells">Wells, John</a> (3 April 2008). <i>Longman Pronunciation Dictionary</i> (3rd ed.). Pearson Longman. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1405881180" title="Special:BookSources/978-1405881180"><bdi>978-1405881180</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Longman+Pronunciation+Dictionary&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Pearson+Longman&rft.date=2008-04-03&rft.isbn=978-1405881180&rft.aulast=Wells&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGamelan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/gamelan">"Gamelan"</a>. <i>Cambridge</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170809123118/http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/gamelan">Archived</a> from the original on 9 August 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cambridge&rft.atitle=Gamelan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdictionary.cambridge.org%2Fdictionary%2Fenglish%2Fgamelan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGamelan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/gamelan#:~:text=%3A%20an%20Indonesian%20orchestra%20made%20up,gongs%2C%20xylophones%2C%20and%20drums)">"Gamelan"</a>. <i>Merriam-Webster</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201124084026/https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/gamelan#:~:text=%3A%20an%20Indonesian%20orchestra%20made%20up,gongs%2C%20xylophones%2C%20and%20drums)">Archived</a> from the original on 24 November 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Merriam-Webster&rft.atitle=Gamelan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.merriam-webster.com%2Fdictionary%2Fgamelan%23%3A~%3Atext%3D%253A%2520an%2520Indonesian%2520orchestra%2520made%2520up%2Cgongs%252C%2520xylophones%252C%2520and%2520drums%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGamelan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sumarsam-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sumarsam_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sumarsam_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Sumarsam (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sumarsam.web.wesleyan.edu/Intro.gamelan.pdf"><i>Introduction to Javanese Gamelan</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171214222221/http://sumarsam.web.wesleyan.edu/Intro.gamelan.pdf">Archived</a> 14 December 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Middletown.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bramantyo Prijosusilo, '<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thejakartaglobe.com/commentary/indonesia-needs-the-harmony-of-the-gamelan/423530">Indonesia needs the Harmony of the Gamelan'</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130115102945/http://www.thejakartaglobe.com/commentary/indonesia-needs-the-harmony-of-the-gamelan/423530">Archived</a> 15 January 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i>The Jakarta Globe</i>, 22 February 2011. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="Article states that gamelan "once was so much a part of community life" that each village had a set, but at most refers to its relative loss of importance today. (June 2014)">verification needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://warisanbudaya.kemdikbud.go.id/?newdetail&detailTetap=168">"Warisan Budaya Takbenda, Penetapan"</a>. <i>Cultural Heritage, Ministry of Education and Culture of Indonesia</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210226182536/https://warisanbudaya.kemdikbud.go.id/?newdetail&detailTetap=168">Archived</a> from the original on 26 February 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cultural+Heritage%2C+Ministry+of+Education+and+Culture+of+Indonesia&rft.atitle=Warisan+Budaya+Takbenda%2C+Penetapan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwarisanbudaya.kemdikbud.go.id%2F%3Fnewdetail%26detailTetap%3D168&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGamelan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UNESCO-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-UNESCO_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/gamelan-01607">"Gamelan"</a>. UNESCO. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220211073105/https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/gamelan-01607">Archived</a> from the original on 11 February 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gamelan&rft.pub=UNESCO&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fich.unesco.org%2Fen%2FRL%2Fgamelan-01607&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGamelan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/gamelan">"History and Etymology for gamelan"</a>. <i>Merriam-Webster</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201124084026/https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/gamelan">Archived</a> from the original on 24 November 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Merriam-Webster&rft.atitle=History+and+Etymology+for+gamelan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.merriam-webster.com%2Fdictionary%2Fgamelan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGamelan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lindsay-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lindsay_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lindsay_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Lindsay, Jennifer (1992). <i>Javanese Gamelan</i>, p.10. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-588582-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-588582-1">0-19-588582-1</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://the-attic.net/reports/2266/indonesia-for-beginners:-priangan-and-gamelan-degung.html">"Indonesia For Beginners: Priangan and Gamelan Degung"</a>. <i>The Attic</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191224010233/http://the-attic.net/reports/2266/indonesia-for-beginners:-priangan-and-gamelan-degung.html">Archived</a> from the original on 24 December 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Attic&rft.atitle=Indonesia+For+Beginners%3A+Priangan+and+Gamelan+Degung&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthe-attic.net%2Freports%2F2266%2Findonesia-for-beginners%3A-priangan-and-gamelan-degung.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGamelan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lindsay (1992), p.35.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lentz, 5.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">R.T. Warsodiningrat, <i>Serat Weda Pradangga</i>. Cited in Roth, A. R. <i>New Compositions for Javanese Gamelan</i>. University of Durham, Doctoral Thesis, 1986. Page 4.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Archived at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211205/LQ-NHeUmFgM">Ghostarchive</a> and the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414131535/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LQ-NHeUmFgM">Wayback Machine</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LQ-NHeUmFgM">"Alat-Alat Musik Borobudur"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=YouTube&rft.atitle=Alat-Alat+Musik+Borobudur&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DLQ-NHeUmFgM&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGamelan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ubudcommunity.com/selonding-the-sacred-gamelan-from-ancient-village/">"Selonding, the Sacred Gamelan from Ancient Village"</a>. <i>Ubud Community</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211219145000/https://ubudcommunity.com/selonding-the-sacred-gamelan-from-ancient-village/">Archived</a> from the original on 19 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ubud+Community&rft.atitle=Selonding%2C+the+Sacred+Gamelan+from+Ancient+Village&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fubudcommunity.com%2Fselonding-the-sacred-gamelan-from-ancient-village%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGamelan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.balimusicanddance.com/news/learn-ancient-gamelan-selonding-at-mekar-bhuana.html">"Learn Ancient Gamelan Selonding at Mekar Bhuana"</a>. <i>Mekar Bhuana</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414023006/http://www.balimusicanddance.com/news/learn-ancient-gamelan-selonding-at-mekar-bhuana.html">Archived</a> from the original on 14 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mekar+Bhuana&rft.atitle=Learn+Ancient+Gamelan+Selonding+at+Mekar+Bhuana&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.balimusicanddance.com%2Fnews%2Flearn-ancient-gamelan-selonding-at-mekar-bhuana.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGamelan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kerajaannusantara.com/id/surakarta-hadiningrat/seni-musik2">"Seni Musik Kasunanan Surakarta, Surakarta Hadingrat"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230418201157/http://www.kerajaannusantara.com/id/surakarta-hadiningrat/seni-musik2">Archived</a> from the original on 18 April 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Seni+Musik+Kasunanan+Surakarta%2C+Surakarta+Hadingrat&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kerajaannusantara.com%2Fid%2Fsurakarta-hadiningrat%2Fseni-musik2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGamelan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191228092603/https://www.kratonjogja.id/benda/gamelan/16/mengenal-gamelan-keraton-yogyakarta">"Mengenal Gamelan Keraton Yogyakarta, 14 August 2018"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kratonjogja.id/benda/Gamelan/16/mengenal-gamelan-keraton-yogyakarta">the original</a> on 28 December 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mengenal+Gamelan+Keraton+Yogyakarta%2C+14+August+2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kratonjogja.id%2Fbenda%2FGamelan%2F16%2Fmengenal-gamelan-keraton-yogyakarta&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGamelan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/25367929-reyog-ponorogo">"Reyog Ponorogo,1980 froom book"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220223042359/https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/25367929-reyog-ponorogo">Archived</a> from the original on 23 February 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 February</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Reyog+Ponorogo%2C1980+froom+book&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.goodreads.com%2Fbook%2Fshow%2F25367929-reyog-ponorogo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGamelan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Roth, 4–8</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414045249/http://www.disparbud.jabarprov.go.id/wisata/dest-det.php?id=371&lang=id">"Gamelan Sakati"</a>. <i>Kabupaten Cirebon</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.disparbud.jabarprov.go.id/wisata/dest-det.php?id=371&lang=id">the original</a> on 14 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Kabupaten+Cirebon&rft.atitle=Gamelan+Sakati&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.disparbud.jabarprov.go.id%2Fwisata%2Fdest-det.php%3Fid%3D371%26lang%3Did&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGamelan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://travel.detik.com/domestic-destination/d-4147698/kisah-gamelan-abad-ke-15-peninggalan-sunan-gunung-jati">"Kisah Gamelan Abad ke-15 Peninggalan Sunan Gunung Jati"</a>. <i>Sudirman Wamad</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414024912/https://travel.detik.com/domestic-destination/d-4147698/kisah-gamelan-abad-ke-15-peninggalan-sunan-gunung-jati">Archived</a> from the original on 14 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sudirman+Wamad&rft.atitle=Kisah+Gamelan+Abad+ke-15+Peninggalan+Sunan+Gunung+Jati&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftravel.detik.com%2Fdomestic-destination%2Fd-4147698%2Fkisah-gamelan-abad-ke-15-peninggalan-sunan-gunung-jati&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGamelan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.detik.com/berita-jawa-timur/d-5128893/gamelan-peninggalan-sunan-drajat-di-lamongan-dikonservasi">"Gamelan Peninggalan Sunan Drajat di Lamongan Dikonservasi"</a>. <i>Eko Sudjarwo</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210115234741/https://news.detik.com/berita-jawa-timur/d-5128893/gamelan-peninggalan-sunan-drajat-di-lamongan-dikonservasi">Archived</a> from the original on 15 January 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eko+Sudjarwo&rft.atitle=Gamelan+Peninggalan+Sunan+Drajat+di+Lamongan+Dikonservasi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.detik.com%2Fberita-jawa-timur%2Fd-5128893%2Fgamelan-peninggalan-sunan-drajat-di-lamongan-dikonservasi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGamelan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://journal.uny.ac.id/">"GAMELAN SEKATEN DAN PENYEBARAN ISLAM DI JAWA"</a>. <i>Joko Daryanto</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201020060327/https://journal.uny.ac.id/">Archived</a> from the original on 20 October 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Joko+Daryanto&rft.atitle=GAMELAN+SEKATEN+DAN+PENYEBARAN+ISLAM+DI+JAWA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjournal.uny.ac.id%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGamelan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.viva.co.id/berita/nasional/283899-gamelan-tertua-keraton-yogyakarta-diarak">"Gamelan Tertua Keraton Yogyakarta Diarak"</a> (in Indonesian). viva.co.id. 30 January 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201128204513/https://www.viva.co.id/berita/nasional/283899-gamelan-tertua-keraton-yogyakarta-diarak">Archived</a> from the original on 28 November 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gamelan+Tertua+Keraton+Yogyakarta+Diarak&rft.pub=viva.co.id&rft.date=2021-01-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.viva.co.id%2Fberita%2Fnasional%2F283899-gamelan-tertua-keraton-yogyakarta-diarak&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGamelan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150117200615/http://www.disparbud.jabarprov.go.id/wisata/dest-det.php?id=68&lang=id">"Museum Prabu geusan Ulun"</a>. <i>Kabupaten Sumedang</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.disparbud.jabarprov.go.id/wisata/dest-det.php?id=68&lang=id">the original</a> on 17 January 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Kabupaten+Sumedang&rft.atitle=Museum+Prabu+geusan+Ulun&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.disparbud.jabarprov.go.id%2Fwisata%2Fdest-det.php%3Fid%3D68%26lang%3Did&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGamelan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pikiran-rakyat.com/jawa-barat/pr-01337829/gamelan-istimewa-koleksi-museum-di-sumedang-melanglangbuana-hingga-eropa-dan-amerika-sebelum-diserahkan-ke-bupati?page=3">"Gamelan Istimewa Koleksi Museum di Sumedang, Melanglangbuana Hingga Eropa dan Amerika sebelum Diserahkan ke Bupati"</a>. <i>Adang Jukardi</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414023938/https://www.pikiran-rakyat.com/jawa-barat/pr-01337829/gamelan-istimewa-koleksi-museum-di-sumedang-melanglangbuana-hingga-eropa-dan-amerika-sebelum-diserahkan-ke-bupati?page=3">Archived</a> from the original on 14 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Adang+Jukardi&rft.atitle=Gamelan+Istimewa+Koleksi+Museum+di+Sumedang%2C+Melanglangbuana+Hingga+Eropa+dan+Amerika+sebelum+Diserahkan+ke+Bupati&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pikiran-rakyat.com%2Fjawa-barat%2Fpr-01337829%2Fgamelan-istimewa-koleksi-museum-di-sumedang-melanglangbuana-hingga-eropa-dan-amerika-sebelum-diserahkan-ke-bupati%3Fpage%3D3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGamelan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sukabumiupdate.com/posts/83123/sari-oneng-gamelan-sukabumi-yang-tampil-di-peresmian-menara-eiffel-paris">"Sari Oneng, Gamelan Sukabumi yang Tampil di Peresmian Menara Eiffel Paris"</a>. <i>Oksa Bachtiar Camsyah</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210309145240/https://sukabumiupdate.com/posts/83123/sari-oneng-gamelan-sukabumi-yang-tampil-di-peresmian-menara-eiffel-paris">Archived</a> from the original on 9 March 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 March</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oksa+Bachtiar+Camsyah&rft.atitle=Sari+Oneng%2C+Gamelan+Sukabumi+yang+Tampil+di+Peresmian+Menara+Eiffel+Paris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsukabumiupdate.com%2Fposts%2F83123%2Fsari-oneng-gamelan-sukabumi-yang-tampil-di-peresmian-menara-eiffel-paris&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGamelan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://regional.kompas.com/read/2020/11/23/16023891/gamelan-berusia-400-tahun-ini-pernah-pentas-saat-peresmian-menara-eiffel?page=all">"Gamelan Berusia 400 Tahun Ini Pernah Pentas Saat Peresmian Menara Eiffel, Kini Ditata Ulang"</a>. <i>Aam Aminullah</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414045124/https://regional.kompas.com/read/2020/11/23/16023891/gamelan-berusia-400-tahun-ini-pernah-pentas-saat-peresmian-menara-eiffel?page=all">Archived</a> from the original on 14 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 March</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aam+Aminullah&rft.atitle=Gamelan+Berusia+400+Tahun+Ini+Pernah+Pentas+Saat+Peresmian+Menara+Eiffel%2C+Kini+Ditata+Ulang&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fregional.kompas.com%2Fread%2F2020%2F11%2F23%2F16023891%2Fgamelan-berusia-400-tahun-ini-pernah-pentas-saat-peresmian-menara-eiffel%3Fpage%3Dall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGamelan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://historia.id/sains/articles/musik-gamelan-di-luar-angkasa-DOAwP/page/1">"Musik Gamelan di Luar Angkasa"</a>. <i>Rahadian Rundjan</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414022742/https://historia.id/sains/articles/musik-gamelan-di-luar-angkasa-DOAwP/page/1">Archived</a> from the original on 14 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 March</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rahadian+Rundjan&rft.atitle=Musik+Gamelan+di+Luar+Angkasa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhistoria.id%2Fsains%2Farticles%2Fmusik-gamelan-di-luar-angkasa-DOAwP%2Fpage%2F1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGamelan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.merdeka.com/jateng/mengenal-ketawang-puspawarna-musik-jawa-yang-dikirim-hingga-ke-luar-angkasa.html">"Mengenal Gending Ketawang Puspawarna, Musik Jawa yang Dikirim hingga ke Luar Angkasa"</a>. <i>Shani Rasyid</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201230181753/https://www.merdeka.com/jateng/mengenal-ketawang-puspawarna-musik-jawa-yang-dikirim-hingga-ke-luar-angkasa.html">Archived</a> from the original on 30 December 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 March</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Shani+Rasyid&rft.atitle=Mengenal+Gending+Ketawang+Puspawarna%2C+Musik+Jawa+yang+Dikirim+hingga+ke+Luar+Angkasa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.merdeka.com%2Fjateng%2Fmengenal-ketawang-puspawarna-musik-jawa-yang-dikirim-hingga-ke-luar-angkasa.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGamelan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ganug Nugroho Adi, '<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2012/06/07/ki-saroyo-gamelan-making-maestro.html">Ki Sarojo: Gamelan-making maestro'</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120608222411/http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2012/06/07/ki-saroyo-gamelan-making-maestro.html">Archived</a> 8 June 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i>The Jakarta Post</i>, 7 June 2012; Ganug Nugroho Adi, '<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2012/07/11/forging-gamelan-central-java.html">Forging gamelan in Central Java'</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130115181918/http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2012/07/11/forging-gamelan-central-java.html">Archived</a> 15 January 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i>The Jakarta Post</i>, 11 July 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Colin McPhee, <i>Music in Bali</i>. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1966.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cnx.org/content/m15795/latest/">Listening to Balinese Gamelan: A Beginners' Guide</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111209004550/http://cnx.org/content/m15795/latest/">Archived</a> 9 December 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>" from <i>Connexions.com</i> retrieved 20 January 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sumarsan. <i>Gamelan: cultural interaction and musical development in central Java</i>. University of Chicago Press, 2nd Edition, 1996. page 156.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lindsay, Jennifer. <i>Javanese Gamelan</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1979. Pp. 27–28. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-580413-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-580413-9">0-19-580413-9</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">For example, in Sorrell, Neil. <i>A Guide to the Gamelan</i>. United Kingdom: Faber and Faber, 1990.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://encyclopedia.jakarta-tourism.go.id/post/gamelan-bali--seni-musik?lang=id">"Gamelan Bali, Seni Musik"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia Jakarta</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414045614/http://encyclopedia.jakarta-tourism.go.id/post/gamelan-bali--seni-musik?lang=id">Archived</a> from the original on 14 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Gamelan+Bali%2C+Seni+Musik&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+Jakarta&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fencyclopedia.jakarta-tourism.go.id%2Fpost%2Fgamelan-bali--seni-musik%3Flang%3Did&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGamelan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191228092603/https://www.kratonjogja.id/benda/gamelan/16/mengenal-gamelan-keraton-yogyakarta">"Mengenal Gamelan Keraton Yogyakarta"</a>. <i>Keraton Yogyakarta</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kratonjogja.id/benda/Gamelan/16/mengenal-gamelan-keraton-yogyakarta">the original</a> on 28 December 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Keraton+Yogyakarta&rft.atitle=Mengenal+Gamelan+Keraton+Yogyakarta&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kratonjogja.id%2Fbenda%2FGamelan%2F16%2Fmengenal-gamelan-keraton-yogyakarta&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGamelan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kartomi, Margaret (1990). <i>On Concepts and Classifications of Musical Instruments</i>. University of Chicago Press, p. 91.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gubug-wayang.com/gamelan-jawa-cikal-bakal-gema-bunyi-dari-masa-jawa-kuno/">"Gamelan Jawa: Cikal Bakal Gema Bunyi dari Masa Jawa Kuno"</a>. <i>Gubug Wayang</i>. November 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414045111/https://gubug-wayang.com/gamelan-jawa-cikal-bakal-gema-bunyi-dari-masa-jawa-kuno/">Archived</a> from the original on 14 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gubug+Wayang&rft.atitle=Gamelan+Jawa%3A+Cikal+Bakal+Gema+Bunyi+dari+Masa+Jawa+Kuno&rft.date=2018-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgubug-wayang.com%2Fgamelan-jawa-cikal-bakal-gema-bunyi-dari-masa-jawa-kuno%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGamelan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kompasiana.com/dewisundari/591e558ac322bdfe0856a30b/sejarah-gamelan-jawa-perkembangannya">"Sejarah Gamelan Jawa & Perkembangannya"</a>. <i>kompasiana</i>. 19 May 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210119073954/https://www.kompasiana.com/dewisundari/591e558ac322bdfe0856a30b/sejarah-gamelan-jawa-perkembangannya">Archived</a> from the original on 19 January 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=kompasiana&rft.atitle=Sejarah+Gamelan+Jawa+%26+Perkembangannya&rft.date=2017-05-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kompasiana.com%2Fdewisundari%2F591e558ac322bdfe0856a30b%2Fsejarah-gamelan-jawa-perkembangannya&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGamelan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190217142547/https://blogkulo.com/gamelan-bali/">"Gambelan (Gamelan) Bali – Ensambel Musik Tradisional Khas Budaya Bali"</a>. <i>blogkulo</i>. 26 May 2018. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blogkulo.com/gamelan-bali/">the original</a> on 17 February 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=blogkulo&rft.atitle=Gambelan+%28Gamelan%29+Bali+%E2%80%93+Ensambel+Musik+Tradisional+Khas+Budaya+Bali&rft.date=2018-05-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblogkulo.com%2Fgamelan-bali%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGamelan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-B420-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-B420_45-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-B420_45-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-B420_45-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Broughton, 420</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lindsay, 45</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dpad.jogjaprov.go.id/article/library/vieww/upacara-tradisional-sekaten-594">"UPACARA TRADISIONAL SEKATEN"</a>. <i>Provinsi Yogyakarta</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200808060028/http://dpad.jogjaprov.go.id/article/library/vieww/upacara-tradisional-sekaten-594">Archived</a> from the original on 8 August 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Provinsi+Yogyakarta&rft.atitle=UPACARA+TRADISIONAL+SEKATEN&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdpad.jogjaprov.go.id%2Farticle%2Flibrary%2Fvieww%2Fupacara-tradisional-sekaten-594&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGamelan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">For a discussion of dance in Central Java in <a href="/wiki/Surakarta" title="Surakarta">Surakarta</a>, see Ganug Nugroho Adi, '<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2012/05/30/dancing-mangkunegara.html">Dancing at the Mangkunegara'</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120616101420/http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2012/05/30/dancing-mangkunegara.html">Archived</a> 16 June 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i>The Jakarta Post</i>, 30 May 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Broughton, Simon, et al., eds. <i>World Music: The Rough Guide</i>. London: The Rough Guides, 1994. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85828-017-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-85828-017-6">1-85828-017-6</a>. Page 419–420.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-B421-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-B421_50-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Broughton, 421.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Roth, 17</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Neil Sorrell. <i>A Guide to the Gamelan</i>. London: Faber and Faber, 2000. Pages 2–7 discuss the incident, about which much remains uncertain. In particular, it is unknown whether they played the <a href="/wiki/Cirebon" title="Cirebon">Cirebonese</a> instruments that the <a href="/wiki/Paris_Conservatoire" class="mw-redirect" title="Paris Conservatoire">Paris Conservatoire</a> received in 1887, which would be substantially different from their ordinary set, or if they brought their own set.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Neil Sorrell. <i>A Guide to the Gamelan</i>. London: Faber and Faber, 2000. Although the five notes of the <i>slendro</i> set are closest in pitch to a <a href="/wiki/Pentatonic_scale" title="Pentatonic scale">pentatonic scale</a>, this scale would have been familiar from other folk sources, as it is a common scale worldwide. It is the equally tempered whole-tone scale that is more analogous of the <i>slendro</i> scale.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Orledge, Robert<i>Satie the Composer (Music in the Twentieth Century)</i>Cambridge University Press (26 October 1990)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:3_55-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohnson2008" class="citation journal cs1">Johnson, Henry (June 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nzasia.org.nz/uploads/1/3/2/1/132180707/5_johnson_3.pdf">"Composing Asia in New Zealand: gamelan and creativity"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>New Zealand Journal of Asian Studies</i>. <b>10</b> (1): 54–84. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210513142629/https://www.nzasia.org.nz/uploads/1/3/2/1/132180707/5_johnson_3.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 13 May 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Zealand+Journal+of+Asian+Studies&rft.atitle=Composing+Asia+in+New+Zealand%3A+gamelan+and+creativity&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=54-84&rft.date=2008-06&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Henry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nzasia.org.nz%2Fuploads%2F1%2F3%2F2%2F1%2F132180707%2F5_johnson_3.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGamelan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.coastonline.org/mml/topic/topicsSearch_detail.php?id=312">Western Artists and Gamelan</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140307082145/http://www.coastonline.org/mml/topic/topicsSearch_detail.php?id=312">Archived</a> 2014-03-07 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>", <i>CoastOnline.org</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">P. 268: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMartin1997" class="citation book cs1">Martin, Bill (1997). <i>Listening to the future: The time of progressive rock, 1968-1978</i>. <a href="/wiki/Open_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="Open Court">Open Court</a>. p. 376. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8126-9368-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-8126-9368-X"><bdi>0-8126-9368-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Listening+to+the+future%3A+The+time+of+progressive+rock%2C+1968-1978&rft.pages=376&rft.pub=Open+Court&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=0-8126-9368-X&rft.aulast=Martin&rft.aufirst=Bill&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGamelan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTamm2003">Tamm (2003</a>, Chapter 10): <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTamm2003" class="citation cs2">Tamm, Eric (2003) [1990], <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111026180438/http://www.progressiveears.com/frippbook/ch10.htm"><i>Robert Fripp: From crimson king to crafty master</i></a> (Progressive Ears ed.), Faber and Faber (1990), <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-571-16289-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-571-16289-4"><bdi>0-571-16289-4</bdi></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.erictamm.com/rf.zip">Zipped Microsoft Word Document</a>, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.progressiveears.com/frippbook/ch10.htm">the original</a> on 26 October 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 October</span> 2011</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Robert+Fripp%3A+From+crimson+king+to+crafty+master&rft.edition=Progressive+Ears&rft.pub=Faber+and+Faber+%281990%29&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0-571-16289-4&rft.aulast=Tamm&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.progressiveears.com%2Ffrippbook%2Fch10.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGamelan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <a href="#CITEREFBruford2009">Bruford (2009</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=R4iW0tsxLqQC&q=gamelan">148</a>): <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBruford2009" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Bill_Bruford" title="Bill Bruford">Bruford, Bill</a> (2009). <i>Bill Bruford: The autobiography: Yes, King Crimson, Earthworks, and more</i>. Jawbone Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-906002-23-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-906002-23-7"><bdi>978-1-906002-23-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bill+Bruford%3A+The+autobiography%3A+Yes%2C+King+Crimson%2C+Earthworks%2C+and+more&rft.pub=Jawbone+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-906002-23-7&rft.aulast=Bruford&rft.aufirst=Bill&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGamelan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=CrwnAQAAMAAJ&q=%22League+of+Crafty+Guitarists%22,+Gamelan">"Live! Robert Fripp and The League of Crafty Guitarists (Review)"</a>. <i>Audio</i>. Vol. 71. Radio Magazine. 1987. p. 98. <a href="/wiki/LCCN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="LCCN (identifier)">LCCN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lccn.loc.gov/26018838">26018838</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231004145222/https://books.google.com/books?id=CrwnAQAAMAAJ&q=%22League+of+Crafty+Guitarists%22,+Gamelan">Archived</a> from the original on 4 October 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 December</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Audio&rft.atitle=Live%21+Robert+Fripp+and+The+League+of+Crafty+Guitarists+%28Review%29&rft.volume=71&rft.pages=98&rft.date=1987&rft_id=info%3Alccn%2F26018838&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DCrwnAQAAMAAJ%26q%3D%2522League%2Bof%2BCrafty%2BGuitarists%2522%2C%2BGamelan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGamelan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarter2011" class="citation web cs1">Carter, Monica (30 June 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thevinyldistrict.com/losangeles/2011/06/it%E2%80%99s-easy-when-you%E2%80%99re-big-in-japan-yellow-magic-orchestra-at-the-hollywood-bowl/">"It's Easy When You're Big In Japan: Yellow Magic Orchestra at The Hollywood Bowl"</a>. <i>The Vinyl District</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120321110921/http://www.thevinyldistrict.com/losangeles/2011/06/it%E2%80%99s-easy-when-you%E2%80%99re-big-in-japan-yellow-magic-orchestra-at-the-hollywood-bowl/">Archived</a> from the original on 21 March 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 July</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Vinyl+District&rft.atitle=It%27s+Easy+When+You%27re+Big+In+Japan%3A+Yellow+Magic+Orchestra+at+The+Hollywood+Bowl&rft.date=2011-06-30&rft.aulast=Carter&rft.aufirst=Monica&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thevinyldistrict.com%2Flosangeles%2F2011%2F06%2Fit%25E2%2580%2599s-easy-when-you%25E2%2580%2599re-big-in-japan-yellow-magic-orchestra-at-the-hollywood-bowl%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGamelan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPulvers2012" class="citation news cs1">Pulvers, Roger (1 July 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.japantimes.co.jp/text/fl20120701rp.html#.UA4RzrSe78k">"Ryuichi Sakamoto reminds Japanese what's the score on nuclear blame"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Japan_Times" title="The Japan Times">The Japan Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120704063141/http://www.japantimes.co.jp/text/fl20120701rp.html#.UA4RzrSe78k">Archived</a> from the original on 4 July 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Japan+Times&rft.atitle=Ryuichi+Sakamoto+reminds+Japanese+what%27s+the+score+on+nuclear+blame&rft.date=2012-07-01&rft.aulast=Pulvers&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.japantimes.co.jp%2Ftext%2Ffl20120701rp.html%23.UA4RzrSe78k&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGamelan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0085933/"><i>Merry Christmas Mr. Lawrence (1983)</i></a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q696855#P345" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scoringsessions.com/news/81/">"SoundtrackNet 2/28/07 article"</a>. Soundtrack.net. 28 February 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120329134313/http://www.scoringsessions.com/news/81/">Archived</a> from the original on 29 March 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 September</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=SoundtrackNet+2%2F28%2F07+article&rft.pub=Soundtrack.net&rft.date=2007-02-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scoringsessions.com%2Fnews%2F81%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGamelan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="DVD2" class="citation audio-visual cs1">Various cast and crew members (29 January 2002). <i>Atlantis: The Lost Empire—Supplemental Material</i> (DVD). Disc 2 of 2 (Collector's ed.). Burbank, CA: Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/UPC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="UPC (identifier)">UPC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.searchupc.com/?q=786936163872">786936163872</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Atlantis%3A+The+Lost+Empire%E2%80%94Supplemental+Material&rft.place=Burbank%2C+CA&rft.series=Disc+2+of+2&rft.edition=Collector%27s&rft.pub=Walt+Disney+Studios+Home+Entertainment&rft.date=2002-01-29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGamelan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Darmasiswa Scholarship Program 2019</i>. Jakarta: Kementrian Luar Negeri, 2019.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>List of gamelan ensembles in the United States</i>. United States: Wikipedia, 2020.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jody Diamond and Barbara Benary<i>Gamelan Groups in Europe</i>. American Gamelan Instite, 2005.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Pachitan Gamelan Orchestra is Formed</i>. Singapore, 1991.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.antaranews.com/berita/721015/mahasiswa-china-pentaskan-musik-gamelan">"Mahasiswa China pentaskan musik gamelan"</a>. <i>www.antaranews.com</i>. 25 June 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210710150800/https://www.antaranews.com/berita/721015/mahasiswa-china-pentaskan-musik-gamelan">Archived</a> from the original on 10 July 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.antaranews.com&rft.atitle=Mahasiswa+China+pentaskan+musik+gamelan&rft.date=2018-06-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.antaranews.com%2Fberita%2F721015%2Fmahasiswa-china-pentaskan-musik-gamelan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGamelan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wgtn.ac.nz/nzsm/study/performance-opportunities/gamelan-ensembles">"Gamelan ensembles"</a>. <i>New Zealand School of Music. Victoria University of Wellington</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210509170112/https://www.wgtn.ac.nz/nzsm/study/performance-opportunities/gamelan-ensembles">Archived</a> from the original on 9 May 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+Zealand+School+of+Music.+Victoria+University+of+Wellington&rft.atitle=Gamelan+ensembles&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wgtn.ac.nz%2Fnzsm%2Fstudy%2Fperformance-opportunities%2Fgamelan-ensembles&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGamelan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gamelan&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Javanese_gamelan_2">Javanese gamelan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gamelan&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Javanese gamelan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Gamelan: Cultural Interaction and Musical Development in Central Java</i> (1995) by <a href="/wiki/Sumarsam" title="Sumarsam">Sumarsam</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-226-78010-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-226-78010-4">0-226-78010-4</a> (cloth) 0226780112 (paper)</li> <li><i>Music in Central Java: Experiencing Music, Expressing Culture</i> (2007) by Benjamin Brinner, Oxford University Press, New York, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-514737-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-514737-5">0-19-514737-5</a> (paper)</li> <li><i>Music in Java: History Its Theory and Its Technique</i> (1949/1973) edited by <a href="/wiki/Jaap_Kunst" title="Jaap Kunst">Jaap Kunst</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/90-247-1519-9" title="Special:BookSources/90-247-1519-9">90-247-1519-9</a>. An appendix of this book includes some statistical data on intervals in scales used by gamelans.</li> <li><i>A Gamelan Manual: A Player's Guide to the Central Javanese Gamelan</i> (2005) by Richard Pickvance, Jaman Mas Books, London, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9550295-0-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-9550295-0-3">0-9550295-0-3</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKartomi2002" class="citation book cs1">Kartomi, Margaret J. (2002). <i>Eastman Studies in Music #15; The Gamelan Digul and the Prison Camp Musician Who Built It : An Australian Link with the Indonesian Revolution</i> (hardcover, bibliography, index, with CD). University of Rochester Press. p. 123. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1580460887" title="Special:BookSources/1580460887"><bdi>1580460887</bdi></a>. <q>When the prison camp at Tanah Merah, on the Digul river in West Papua, was evacuated by the Dutch in 1943, the prisoners brought with them to Australia a gamelan they had constructed.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Eastman+Studies+in+Music+%2315%3B+The+Gamelan+Digul+and+the+Prison+Camp+Musician+Who+Built+It+%3A+An+Australian+Link+with+the+Indonesian+Revolution&rft.pages=123&rft.pub=University+of+Rochester+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=1580460887&rft.aulast=Kartomi&rft.aufirst=Margaret+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGamelan" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><i>Shadow Music of Java</i> produced by Karl Signell, Rounder CD 5060.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Balinese_gamelan_2">Balinese gamelan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gamelan&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Balinese gamelan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Balinese Music</i> (1991) by <a href="/wiki/Michael_Tenzer" title="Michael Tenzer">Michael Tenzer</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-945971-30-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-945971-30-3">0-945971-30-3</a>. Included is an excellent sampler CD of Balinese Music.</li> <li><i>Gamelan Gong Kebyar: The Art of Twentieth-Century Balinese Music</i> (2000) by Michael Tenzer, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-226-79281-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-226-79281-1">0-226-79281-1</a> and <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-226-79283-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-226-79283-8">0-226-79283-8</a>.</li> <li><i>Music in Bali</i> (1966) by <a href="/wiki/Colin_McPhee" title="Colin McPhee">Colin McPhee</a>. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.</li> <li><i>Music in Bali: Experiencing Music, Expressing Culture</i> (2007) by Lisa Gold, Oxford University Press, New York, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-514149-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-514149-0">0-19-514149-0</a> (paper)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_gamelan">Other gamelan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gamelan&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Other gamelan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://folkways.si.edu/music-of-indonesia-series">Music of Indonesia</a> [Series].</i> Ed. by Philip Yampolsky. Washington, DC: Smithsonian/Folkways, 1990–1999. 20 Compact Discs with Liner Notes. Bibliography. <ul><li>Vol. 14: Lombok, Kalimantan, Banyumas: Little-known Forms of Gamelan and Wayang.</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gamelan&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Gamelan" class="extiw" title="commons:Gamelan"><span style="font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Gamelan</span></a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://members.efn.org/~qehn/tutor/">Introduction to Gamelan Music</a> by Qehn, Javanese gamelan only.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sinisterfrog.com/writings/gamelan">Balinese and Javanese Gamelan</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070309210847/http://sinisterfrog.com/writings/gamelan">Archived</a> 9 March 2007 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> written in 2005. Most links do not work as of January 2017.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cnx.org/content/m15795/latest/">Listening to Balinese Gamelan: A Beginners' Guide from Connexions accessed 20/01/2012</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gamelan.gs">A curated collection of Javanese and Balinese gamelan music</a>  – by John Noise Manis</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output 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.navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Gamelan" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Gamelan" title="Template:Gamelan"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Gamelan" title="Template talk:Gamelan"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Gamelan" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Gamelan"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Gamelan" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Gamelan</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Theory</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pelog" title="Pelog">Pelog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slendro" title="Slendro">Slendro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pathet" title="Pathet">Pathet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cengkok" title="Cengkok">Cengkok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seleh" title="Seleh">Seleh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sekaran" class="mw-redirect" title="Sekaran">Sekaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imbal" title="Imbal">Imbal</a> & <a href="/wiki/Kotekan" title="Kotekan">kotekan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gatra_(music)" title="Gatra (music)">Gatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colotomy" title="Colotomy">Colotomy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gendhing_structures" class="mw-redirect" title="Gendhing structures">Gendhing structures</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irama" title="Irama">Irama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamelan_notation" title="Gamelan notation">Gamelan notation</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Musicians performing musical ensemble, bas-relief of Borobudur." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Musician_Borobudur.jpg/80px-Musician_Borobudur.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Musician_Borobudur.jpg/120px-Musician_Borobudur.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Musician_Borobudur.jpg/160px-Musician_Borobudur.jpg 2x" data-file-width="978" data-file-height="964" /></span></span><br /> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="A Java-Bali style Gong, hanging in a frame." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gong_hangend_in_een_standaard_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Semar_Pagulingan_TMnr_1340-13.jpg/50px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gong_hangend_in_een_standaard_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Semar_Pagulingan_TMnr_1340-13.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="57" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gong_hangend_in_een_standaard_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Semar_Pagulingan_TMnr_1340-13.jpg/75px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gong_hangend_in_een_standaard_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Semar_Pagulingan_TMnr_1340-13.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gong_hangend_in_een_standaard_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Semar_Pagulingan_TMnr_1340-13.jpg/100px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Gong_hangend_in_een_standaard_onderdeel_van_gamelan_Semar_Pagulingan_TMnr_1340-13.jpg 2x" data-file-width="707" data-file-height="800" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Genres &<br />ensembles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_gamelan" title="American gamelan">American gamelan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angklung#Balinese_gamelan_angklung" title="Angklung">Angklung gamelan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamelan_bebonangan" class="mw-redirect" title="Gamelan bebonangan">Bebonangan gamelan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamelan_beleganjur" class="mw-redirect" title="Gamelan beleganjur">Beleganjur gamelan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamelan_degung" title="Gamelan degung">Degung gamelan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamelan_Gadhon" title="Gamelan Gadhon">Gadhon gamelan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamelan_gambang" title="Gamelan gambang">Gambang gamelan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamelan_gender_wayang" title="Gamelan gender wayang">Gender wayang gamelan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamelan_gong_gede" title="Gamelan gong gede">Gong gede gamelan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamelan_gong_kebyar" title="Gamelan gong kebyar">Gong kebyar gamelan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gong_Si_Bolong" title="Gong Si Bolong">Gong Si Bolong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamelan_jegog" title="Gamelan jegog">Jegog gamelan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamelan_joged_bumbung" title="Gamelan joged bumbung">Joged bumbung gamelan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malay_gamelan" title="Malay gamelan">Malay gamelan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munggang" title="Munggang">Munggang gamelan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamelan_salendro" title="Gamelan salendro">Salendro gamelan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamelan_Sekaten" title="Gamelan Sekaten">Sekaten gamelan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamelan_selunding" title="Gamelan selunding">Selunding gamelan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamelan_semar_pegulingan" title="Gamelan semar pegulingan">Semar pegulingan gamelan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamelan_Siteran" class="mw-redirect" title="Gamelan Siteran">Siteran gamelan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamelan_Surakarta" class="mw-redirect" title="Gamelan Surakarta">Surakartan gamelan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Musicians</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/K._P._H._Notoprojo" title="K. P. H. Notoprojo">K. P. H. Notoprojo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nartosabdo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nartosabdo (page does not exist)">Nartosabdo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Martopangrawit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Martopangrawit (page does not exist)">Martopangrawit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rahayu_Supanggah" title="Rahayu Supanggah">Rahayu Supanggah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumarsam" title="Sumarsam">Sumarsam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I_Nyoman_Windha" title="I Nyoman Windha">I Nyoman Windha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evan_Ziporyn" title="Evan Ziporyn">Evan Ziporyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamelan_Sekar_Jaya" title="Gamelan Sekar Jaya">Gamelan Sekar Jaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamelan_Son_of_Lion" title="Gamelan Son of Lion">Gamelan Son of Lion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_gamelan_ensembles_in_the_United_States" title="List of gamelan ensembles in the United States">List of U.S. gamelan ensembles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Tenzer" title="Michael Tenzer">Michael Tenzer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Instruments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Colotomy" title="Colotomy">Colotomic</a> or<br />phrase-making</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gong" title="Gong">Gong</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gong_ageng" title="Gong ageng">Gong ageng</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kempul" title="Kempul">Kempul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kempyang_and_ketuk" title="Kempyang and ketuk">Kempyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenong" title="Kenong">Kenong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kempyang_and_ketuk" title="Kempyang and ketuk">Ketuk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Balungan" title="Balungan">Balungan</a><br />or melody</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bonang" title="Bonang">Bonang</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bonang" title="Bonang">Bonang barung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonang" title="Bonang">Bonang panerus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonang" title="Bonang">Bonang panembung</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saron_(instrument)" title="Saron (instrument)">Saron</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saron_(instrument)" title="Saron (instrument)">Saron peking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saron_(instrument)" title="Saron (instrument)">Saron panerus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saron_(instrument)" title="Saron (instrument)">Saron barung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saron_(instrument)" title="Saron (instrument)">Saron demung</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slenthem" title="Slenthem">Slentem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slentho" title="Slentho">Slentho</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Panerusan" title="Panerusan">Panerusan</a> or<br />elaborating</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gambang_(instrument)" title="Gambang (instrument)">Gambang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gend%C3%A8r" title="Gendèr">Gender</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gend%C3%A8r" title="Gendèr">Gender panerus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rebab" title="Rebab">Rebab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siter" title="Siter">Siter</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siter" title="Siter">Celempung</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suling" title="Suling">Suling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unpitched</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bedug" title="Bedug">Bedug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kecer" title="Kecer">Kecer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kemanak" title="Kemanak">Kemanak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kendang" title="Kendang">Kendang</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kendang" title="Kendang">Kendang gending</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kendang" title="Kendang">Kendang ciblon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kendang" title="Kendang">Kendang ketipung</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kepyak" title="Kepyak">Kepyak</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Vocals and<br />clapping</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gerong" title="Gerong">Gerongan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pesindh%C3%A8n" class="mw-redirect" title="Pesindhèn">Sindenan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pesindh%C3%A8n" class="mw-redirect" title="Pesindhèn">Pesinden</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alok_(gamelan)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alok (gamelan) (page does not exist)">Alok</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alok_(gamelan)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alok (gamelan) (page does not exist)">Senggakan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keplok" title="Keplok">Keplok</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="20px&#124;_National_Intangible_Cultural_Heritage_of_Indonesia_in_Indonesia_23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Indonesia&#124;link=Indonesia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Indonesia_UNESCO%27s_Intangible_Cultural_Heritage" title="Template:Indonesia UNESCO's Intangible Cultural Heritage"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Indonesia_UNESCO%27s_Intangible_Cultural_Heritage" title="Template talk:Indonesia UNESCO's Intangible Cultural Heritage"><abbr title="Discuss this 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/></a></span> <a href="/wiki/National_Intangible_Cultural_Heritage_of_Indonesia" title="National Intangible Cultural Heritage of Indonesia">National Intangible Cultural Heritage of Indonesia</a> in <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia"><img alt="Indonesia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:100%;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;text-align: center;width:10em;"><div> <p><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wayang_sejarah.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wayang_sejarah.jpg/100px-Wayang_sejarah.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wayang_sejarah.jpg/151px-Wayang_sejarah.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wayang_sejarah.jpg/200px-Wayang_sejarah.jpg 2x" data-file-width="886" data-file-height="664" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Wayang" title="Wayang">Wayang</a> (2008) </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align: center;width:10em;"><div> <p><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Semar_Kris_(alt)_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Semar_Kris_%28alt%29_2.jpg/122px-Semar_Kris_%28alt%29_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="122" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Semar_Kris_%28alt%29_2.jpg/183px-Semar_Kris_%28alt%29_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Semar_Kris_%28alt%29_2.jpg/243px-Semar_Kris_%28alt%29_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="1852" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Keris" class="mw-redirect" title="Keris">Keris</a> (2008) </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align: center;width:10em;"><div> <p><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Batik_pedalaman_-_sidha_drajat.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Batik_pedalaman_-_sidha_drajat.JPG/113px-Batik_pedalaman_-_sidha_drajat.JPG" decoding="async" width="113" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Batik_pedalaman_-_sidha_drajat.JPG/170px-Batik_pedalaman_-_sidha_drajat.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Batik_pedalaman_-_sidha_drajat.JPG/225px-Batik_pedalaman_-_sidha_drajat.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Batik" title="Batik">Batik</a> (2009) </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align: center;width:10em;"><div> <p><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Angklung_(2315119130).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Angklung_%282315119130%29.jpg/113px-Angklung_%282315119130%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="113" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Angklung_%282315119130%29.jpg/170px-Angklung_%282315119130%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Angklung_%282315119130%29.jpg/225px-Angklung_%282315119130%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1417" data-file-height="946" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Angklung" title="Angklung">Angklung</a> (2010) </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align: center;width:10em;"><div> <p><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sea_Safari_VII,_Komodo,_2016_(04).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Sea_Safari_VII%2C_Komodo%2C_2016_%2804%29.jpg/114px-Sea_Safari_VII%2C_Komodo%2C_2016_%2804%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="114" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Sea_Safari_VII%2C_Komodo%2C_2016_%2804%29.jpg/171px-Sea_Safari_VII%2C_Komodo%2C_2016_%2804%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Sea_Safari_VII%2C_Komodo%2C_2016_%2804%29.jpg/227px-Sea_Safari_VII%2C_Komodo%2C_2016_%2804%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4145" data-file-height="2744" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Pinisi" title="Pinisi">Pinisi</a>, art of boatbuilding in South Sulawesi (2017) </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align: center;width:10em;"><div> <p><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tari_Pendet.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Tari_Pendet.jpg/113px-Tari_Pendet.jpg" decoding="async" width="113" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Tari_Pendet.jpg/170px-Tari_Pendet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Tari_Pendet.jpg/225px-Tari_Pendet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="853" /></a></span><br />Three Genres of Traditional Dance in <a href="/wiki/Balinese_dance" title="Balinese dance">Bali</a> (2019) </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align: center;width:10em;"><div> <p><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Persaudaraan_Setia_Hati_Terate_-_Tendangan_terbang.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Persaudaraan_Setia_Hati_Terate_-_Tendangan_terbang.jpg/113px-Persaudaraan_Setia_Hati_Terate_-_Tendangan_terbang.jpg" decoding="async" width="113" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Persaudaraan_Setia_Hati_Terate_-_Tendangan_terbang.jpg/170px-Persaudaraan_Setia_Hati_Terate_-_Tendangan_terbang.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Persaudaraan_Setia_Hati_Terate_-_Tendangan_terbang.jpg/225px-Persaudaraan_Setia_Hati_Terate_-_Tendangan_terbang.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Pencak_silat" title="Pencak silat">Pencak silat</a> (2019) </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align: center;width:10em;"><div> <p><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Surat_pantun_cara_Lampung.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Surat_pantun_cara_Lampung.png/124px-Surat_pantun_cara_Lampung.png" decoding="async" width="124" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Surat_pantun_cara_Lampung.png/187px-Surat_pantun_cara_Lampung.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Surat_pantun_cara_Lampung.png/248px-Surat_pantun_cara_Lampung.png 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1211" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Pantun" title="Pantun">Pantun</a> (2020) </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align: center;width:10em;"><div> <p><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kraton_Jogja-Gamelan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Kraton_Jogja-Gamelan.jpg/100px-Kraton_Jogja-Gamelan.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Kraton_Jogja-Gamelan.jpg/151px-Kraton_Jogja-Gamelan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Kraton_Jogja-Gamelan.jpg/200px-Kraton_Jogja-Gamelan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span><br /><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Gamelan</a> (2021) </p> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="List_of_Intangible_Cultural_Heritage_in_Need_of_Urgent_Safeguarding" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="List_of_Intangible_Cultural_Heritage_in_Need_of_Urgent_Safeguarding" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">List of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Need of Urgent Safeguarding</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:100%;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;text-align: center;width:10em;"><div> <p><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Noken_Indonesia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Noken_Indonesia.jpg/113px-Noken_Indonesia.jpg" decoding="async" width="113" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Noken_Indonesia.jpg/170px-Noken_Indonesia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Noken_Indonesia.jpg/225px-Noken_Indonesia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="320" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Noken" title="Noken">Noken</a> (2011) </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align: center;width:10em;"><div> <p><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Saman_dance.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Saman_dance.jpg/112px-Saman_dance.jpg" decoding="async" width="112" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Saman_dance.jpg/168px-Saman_dance.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Saman_dance.jpg/223px-Saman_dance.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="337" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Saman_dance" class="mw-redirect" title="Saman dance">Saman dance</a> (2012) </p> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Traditional_musical_instruments_of_Indonesia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Indonesian_musical_instruments" title="Template:Indonesian musical instruments"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Indonesian_musical_instruments" title="Template talk:Indonesian musical instruments"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Indonesian_musical_instruments" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Indonesian musical instruments"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Traditional_musical_instruments_of_Indonesia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Traditional musical instruments of <a href="/wiki/Music_of_Indonesia" title="Music of Indonesia">Indonesia</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Gamelan</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kulintang" title="Kulintang">Kulintang</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kolintang" title="Kolintang">Kolintang</a> • <a href="/wiki/Talempong" title="Talempong">Talempong</a> • <a href="/wiki/Tifa_totobuang" title="Tifa totobuang">Totobuang</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Aerophone" title="Aerophone">Aerophones</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accordion" title="Accordion">Akordeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saluang" title="Saluang">Saluang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suling" title="Suling">Suling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuriding" title="Kuriding">Kuriding</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chordophone" class="mw-redirect" title="Chordophone">Chordophones</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cak_(instrument)" title="Cak (instrument)">Cak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cekuntrung" title="Cekuntrung">Cekuntrung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuk_(instrument)" title="Cuk (instrument)">Cuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qanb%C5%ABs" title="Qanbūs">Gambus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hasapi" title="Hasapi">Hasapi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kacapi" title="Kacapi">Kacapi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kongahyan" title="Kongahyan">Kongahyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rebab" title="Rebab">Rebab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sasando" title="Sasando">Sasando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sapeh" title="Sapeh">Sapeh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Idiophone" title="Idiophone">Idiophones</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agung" title="Agung">Agung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angklung" title="Angklung">Angklung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babendil" title="Babendil">Babendil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonang" title="Bonang">Bonang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calung" title="Calung">Calung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambang_(instrument)" title="Gambang (instrument)">Gambang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gangsa" title="Gangsa">Gangsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genggong" title="Genggong">Genggong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gend%C3%A8r" title="Gendèr">Gendèr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gong" title="Gong">Gong</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gong_ageng" title="Gong ageng">Gong ageng</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karinding" title="Karinding">Karinding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kecer" title="Kecer">Kecer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kemanak" title="Kemanak">Kemanak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kempul" title="Kempul">Kempul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kempyang_and_ketuk" title="Kempyang and ketuk">Kempyang and ketuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenong" title="Kenong">Kenong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kepyak" title="Kepyak">Kepyak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kubing" title="Kubing">Kubing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reyong" title="Reyong">Reyong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saron_(instrument)" title="Saron (instrument)">Saron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siter" title="Siter">Siter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slenthem" title="Slenthem">Slenthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slentho" title="Slentho">Slentho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tambourine" title="Tambourine">Tamborin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ugal" title="Ugal">Ugal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Membranophone" title="Membranophone">Membranophones</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bedug" title="Bedug">Bedug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gendang_beleq" title="Gendang beleq">Gendang beleq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordang_sambilan" title="Gordang sambilan">Gordang sambilan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kendang" title="Kendang">Kendang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kompang" title="Kompang">Kompang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rebana" title="Rebana">Rebana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirwas" title="Mirwas">Marawis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Instruments">List of gamelan instruments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_gamelan_varieties" title="List of gamelan varieties">List of gamelan varieties</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Indonesia_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Indonesia_topics" title="Template:Indonesia topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Indonesia_topics" title="Template talk:Indonesia topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Indonesia_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Indonesia topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Indonesia_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> <a href="/wiki/Index_of_Indonesia-related_articles" title="Index of Indonesia-related articles">articles</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Indonesia" title="History of Indonesia">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Indonesian_history" title="Timeline of Indonesian history">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_Indonesia" title="Prehistoric Indonesia">Prehistoric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Indonesia#Hindu-Buddhist_civilizations" title="History of Indonesia">Hinduism-Buddhism era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spread_of_Islam_in_Indonesia" title="Spread of Islam in Indonesia">Spread of Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Empire_in_the_Indonesian_Archipelago" title="Portuguese Empire in the Indonesian Archipelago">Portuguese era (1512–1605)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Company_rule_in_the_Dutch_East_Indies" title="Company rule in the Dutch East Indies">VOC era (1603–1800)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_and_British_interregnum_in_the_Dutch_East_Indies" title="French and British interregnum in the Dutch East Indies">French and British era (1806–1816)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_East_Indies" title="Dutch East Indies">Dutch East Indies (1800–1942)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_occupation_of_the_Dutch_East_Indies" title="Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies">Japanese occupation (1942–45)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_National_Revolution" title="Indonesian National Revolution">National Revolution (1945–49)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_democracy_period_in_Indonesia" title="Liberal democracy period in Indonesia">Liberal democracy era (1950–59)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guided_Democracy_in_Indonesia" title="Guided Democracy in Indonesia">Guided Democracy (1959–65)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transition_to_the_New_Order" title="Transition to the New Order">Transitional period (1965–66)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Order_(Indonesia)" title="New Order (Indonesia)">New Order (1966–98)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-Suharto_era_in_Indonesia" title="Post-Suharto era in Indonesia"><i>Reformasi</i> (since 1998)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Indonesia" title="Geography of Indonesia">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Borders_of_Indonesia" title="Category:Borders of Indonesia">Borders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Indonesia" title="Climate of Indonesia">Climate</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_Indonesia" title="Climate change in Indonesia">Climate change</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_in_Indonesia" title="Conservation in Indonesia">Conservation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_biosphere_reserves_of_Indonesia" title="List of biosphere reserves of Indonesia">Biosphere reserves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_parks_of_Indonesia" title="List of national parks of Indonesia">National parks</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deforestation_in_Indonesia" title="Deforestation in Indonesia">Deforestation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_Indonesia" title="List of earthquakes in Indonesia">Earthquakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_issues_in_Indonesia" title="Environmental issues in Indonesia">Environmental issues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_Indonesia" title="Geology of Indonesia">Geology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Indonesia" title="List of islands of Indonesia">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_of_Indonesia" title="List of lakes of Indonesia">Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mountains_of_Indonesia" title="Category:Mountains of Indonesia">Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indonesian_provinces_by_highest_point" title="List of Indonesian provinces by highest point">Provincial highest points</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Natural_history_of_Indonesia" title="Category:Natural history of Indonesia">Natural history</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fauna_of_Indonesia" title="Fauna of Indonesia">Fauna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_Indonesia" title="Flora of Indonesia">Flora</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Indonesia" title="Regions of Indonesia">Regions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Indonesia" title="List of rivers of Indonesia">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_volcanoes_in_Indonesia" title="List of volcanoes in Indonesia">Volcanoes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Indonesia" title="Politics of Indonesia">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Subdivisions_of_Indonesia" title="Subdivisions of Indonesia">Administrative divisions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_the_Dutch_East_Indies" title="Administrative divisions of the Dutch East Indies">Historical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Indonesia" title="Provinces of Indonesia">Provinces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_regencies_and_cities_of_Indonesia" class="mw-redirect" title="List of regencies and cities of Indonesia">Regencies & Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Indonesia" title="Districts of Indonesia">Districts</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Indonesia" title="Cabinet of Indonesia">Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Indonesia" title="Constitution of Indonesia">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Indonesia" title="Elections in Indonesia">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Indonesia" title="Foreign relations of Indonesia">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Indonesia" title="Human rights in Indonesia">Human rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Indonesia" title="Law of Indonesia">Law</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Indonesia" title="Censorship in Indonesia">Censorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Indonesia" title="Law enforcement in Indonesia">Enforcement</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_National_Armed_Forces" title="Indonesian National Armed Forces">Military</a> (<a href="/wiki/Babinsa" title="Babinsa">Babinsa</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_of_Indonesia" title="Capital of Indonesia">National capital</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pancasila_(politics)" title="Pancasila (politics)">Pancasila</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Consultative_Assembly" title="People's Consultative Assembly">People's Consultative Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_National_Police" title="Indonesian National Police">Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Indonesia" title="List of political parties in Indonesia">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Indonesia" title="President of Indonesia">President</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_Indonesia" title="List of presidents of Indonesia">List</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wawasan_Nusantara" title="Wawasan Nusantara">Wawasan Nusantara</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Indonesia" title="Economy of Indonesia">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Indonesia" title="Agriculture in Indonesia">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Indonesia" title="Automotive industry in Indonesia">Automotive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aviation_in_Indonesia" title="Aviation in Indonesia">Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_banks_in_Indonesia" title="List of banks in Indonesia">Banks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Indonesia" title="Energy in Indonesia">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_Indonesia" title="Economic history of Indonesia">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_Indonesia" title="Science and technology in Indonesia">Science and technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesia_Stock_Exchange" title="Indonesia Stock Exchange">Stock Exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communications_in_Indonesia" title="Communications in Indonesia">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Indonesia" title="Tourism in Indonesia">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Indonesia" title="Transport in Indonesia">Transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_supply_and_sanitation_in_Indonesia" title="Water supply and sanitation in Indonesia">Water supply and sanitation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Indonesia" title="Category:Society of Indonesia">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Indonesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Abortion in Indonesia">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Indonesia" title="Crime in Indonesia">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_trafficking_in_Indonesia" title="Human trafficking in Indonesia">Human trafficking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piracy_in_Indonesia" title="Piracy in Indonesia">Piracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Indonesia" title="Prostitution in Indonesia">Prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smoking_in_Indonesia" title="Smoking in Indonesia">Smoking</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Indonesia" title="Culture of Indonesia">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Indonesia" title="Architecture of Indonesia">Architecture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Candi_of_Indonesia" title="Candi of Indonesia">Candi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colonial_architecture_of_Indonesia" title="Colonial architecture of Indonesia">Colonial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque_architecture_in_Indonesia" title="Mosque architecture in Indonesia">Mosques</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rumah_adat" title="Rumah adat">Rumah adat</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_art" title="Indonesian art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batik_in_Indonesia" title="Batik in Indonesia">Batik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Indonesia" title="Cinema of Indonesia">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_costume_of_Indonesia" title="National costume of Indonesia">Costume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_cuisine" title="Indonesian cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dance_in_Indonesia" title="Dance in Indonesia">Dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_festivals_in_Indonesia" title="List of festivals in Indonesia">Festivals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folklore_of_Indonesia" title="Folklore of Indonesia">Legends</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_literature" title="Indonesian literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_martial_arts" title="Indonesian martial arts">Martial arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_Indonesia" title="Mass media in Indonesia">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Indonesia" title="Music of Indonesia">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mythology_of_Indonesia" title="Mythology of Indonesia">Mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Hero_of_Indonesia" title="National Hero of Indonesia">National heroes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_painting" title="Indonesian painting">Painting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_properties_of_Indonesia" title="Cultural properties of Indonesia">Properties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Indonesia" title="Public holidays in Indonesia">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Indonesia" title="Sport in Indonesia">Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatre_of_Indonesia" title="Theatre of Indonesia">Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_games_in_Indonesia" title="Video games in Indonesia">Video games</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Indonesia" title="Demographics of Indonesia">Demographics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Indonesia" title="Education in Indonesia">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_groups_in_Indonesia" title="Ethnic groups in Indonesia">Ethnic groups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_in_Indonesia" title="Health in Indonesia">Health</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Indonesia" title="Healthcare in Indonesia">Healthcare</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Indonesia" title="Homelessness in Indonesia">Homelessness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Indonesia" title="Languages of Indonesia">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Indonesia" title="Religion in Indonesia">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refugees_in_Indonesia" title="Refugees in Indonesia">Refugees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Indonesia" title="Women in Indonesia">Women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Indonesia" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Indonesia">LGBT rights</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_Indonesia" title="National symbols of Indonesia">Symbols</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indonesia_Raya" title="Indonesia Raya">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_costume_of_Indonesia" title="National costume of Indonesia">Costume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_emblem_of_Indonesia" title="National emblem of Indonesia">Emblem</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armorial_of_Indonesia" title="Armorial of Indonesia">Historical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armorial_of_Indonesia" title="Armorial of Indonesia">Subdivision</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indonesian_faunal_emblems" title="List of Indonesian faunal emblems">Faunal emblems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Indonesia" title="Flag of Indonesia">Flag</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_flags_of_Indonesia" class="mw-redirect" title="List of flags of Indonesia">Subdivision</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indonesian_floral_emblems" title="List of Indonesian floral emblems">Floral emblems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhinneka_Tunggal_Ika" title="Bhinneka Tunggal Ika">Motto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nusantara_(archipelago)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nusantara (archipelago)">Nusantara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibu_Pertiwi" title="Ibu Pertiwi">Personification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Indonesian_songs" title="Category:Indonesian songs">Songs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Indonesia" title="Outline of Indonesia">Outline</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Indonesia-related_articles" title="Index of Indonesia-related articles">Index</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Indonesia" title="Category:Indonesia">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Indonesia" title="Portal:Indonesia">Portal</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Indonesia" class="extiw" title="commons:Indonesia">Gallery</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Atlas_of_Indonesia" class="extiw" title="commons:Atlas of Indonesia">Atlas</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194492#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" 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