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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Renaissance,_Baroque_and_Rococo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Renaissance, Baroque and Rococo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Renaissance,_Baroque_and_Rococo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-From_1750_to_Art_Deco" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#From_1750_to_Art_Deco"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>From 1750 to Art Deco</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-From_1750_to_Art_Deco-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Postmodern_reinterpretations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Postmodern_reinterpretations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Postmodern reinterpretations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Postmodern_reinterpretations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span 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Available in 52 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-52" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">52 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%88%D8%B5%D8%B1%D8%A9_(%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9)" title="قوصرة (عمارة) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="قوصرة (عمارة)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fronton" title="Fronton – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Fronton" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Франтон – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Франтон" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Франтон – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Франтон" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Фронтон – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Фронтон" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Front%C3%B3_(arquitectura)" title="Frontó (arquitectura) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Frontó (arquitectura)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Фронтон – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Фронтон" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fronton" title="Fronton – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Fronton" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frontoon" title="Frontoon – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Frontoon" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%AD%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BC%CE%B1" title="Αέτωμα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αέτωμα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Front%C3%B3n_(arquitectura)" title="Frontón (arquitectura) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Frontón (arquitectura)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frontono" title="Frontono – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Frontono" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frontoi_(arkitektura)" title="Frontoi (arkitektura) – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Frontoi (arkitektura)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C_(%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C)" title="سنتوری (معماری) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سنتوری (معماری)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fronton_(architecture)" title="Fronton (architecture) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Fronton (architecture)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peidim%C3%A9id_(ailtireacht)" title="Peidiméid (ailtireacht) – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Peidiméid (ailtireacht)" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Front%C3%B3n_(arquitectura)" title="Frontón (arquitectura) – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Frontón (arquitectura)" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8E%98%EB%94%94%EB%A8%BC%ED%8A%B8" title="페디먼트 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="페디먼트" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%83%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%BF%D5%B8%D5%B6" title="Ճակտոն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ճակտոն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timpan_(arhitektura)" title="Timpan (arhitektura) – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Timpan (arhitektura)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frontono" title="Frontono – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Frontono" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedimen" title="Pedimen – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Pedimen" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bj%C3%B3r_(byggingarlist)" title="Bjór (byggingarlist) – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Bjór (byggingarlist)" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frontone" title="Frontone – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Frontone" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%9F" title="גמלון – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="גמלון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ფრონტონი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ფრონტონი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Фронтон – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Фронтон" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Фронтон – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Фронтон" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frontons" title="Frontons – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Frontons" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giewelrelief" title="Giewelrelief – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Giewelrelief" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frontonas" title="Frontonas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Frontonas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fronton" title="Fronton – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Fronton" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Фронтон – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Фронтон" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fronton_(bouwkunde)" title="Fronton (bouwkunde) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Fronton (bouwkunde)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9A%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%83%A1%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88" title="ペディメント – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ペディメント" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fronton" title="Fronton – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Fronton" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fronton" title="Fronton – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Fronton" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%A0%E1%9F%84%E1%9E%87%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%84_(%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%90%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%8F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%99%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%98%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%98)" title="ហោជាង (ស្ថាបត្យកម្ម) – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ហោជាង (ស្ថាបត្យកម្ម)" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fronton" title="Fronton – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Fronton" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Front%C3%A3o" title="Frontão – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Frontão" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fronton" title="Fronton – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Fronton" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Фронтон – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Фронтон" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Front%C3%B3n" title="Frontón – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Frontón" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pediment" title="Pediment – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Pediment" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timpan_(arhitektura)" title="Timpan (arhitektura) – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Timpan (arhitektura)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A4%C3%A4tykolmio" title="Päätykolmio – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Päätykolmio" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fronton" title="Fronton – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Fronton" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al%C4%B1nl%C4%B1k" title="Alınlık – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Alınlık" 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Element in classical, neoclassical and baroque architecture</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the geological formation, see <a href="/wiki/Pediment_(geology)" title="Pediment (geology)">Pediment (geology)</a>.</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Illustrations_of_types_of_pediments.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Illustrations_of_types_of_pediments.jpg/300px-Illustrations_of_types_of_pediments.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="238" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Illustrations_of_types_of_pediments.jpg/450px-Illustrations_of_types_of_pediments.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Illustrations_of_types_of_pediments.jpg/600px-Illustrations_of_types_of_pediments.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1165" data-file-height="926" /></a><figcaption>Types of pediment; "curved" and "broken" examples at the lower right.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Pediments</b> are a form of <a href="/wiki/Gable" title="Gable">gable</a> in <a href="/wiki/Classical_architecture" title="Classical architecture">classical architecture</a>, usually of a triangular shape. Pediments are placed above the horizontal structure of the <a href="/wiki/Cornice" title="Cornice">cornice</a> (an elaborated <a href="/wiki/Lintel" title="Lintel">lintel</a>), or <a href="/wiki/Entablature" title="Entablature">entablature</a> if supported by <a href="/wiki/Column" title="Column">columns</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In ancient architecture, a wide and low triangular pediment (the side angles 12.5° to 16°) typically formed the top element of the <a href="/wiki/Portico" title="Portico">portico</a> of a <a href="/wiki/Greek_temple" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek temple">Greek temple</a>, a style continued in <a href="/wiki/Roman_temple" title="Roman temple">Roman temples</a>. But large pediments were rare on other types of building before <a href="/wiki/Renaissance_architecture" title="Renaissance architecture">Renaissance architecture</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For symmetric designs, it provides a center point and is often used to add grandness to entrances. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Madeleine_collage.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Madeleine_collage.jpg/220px-Madeleine_collage.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="82" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Madeleine_collage.jpg/330px-Madeleine_collage.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Madeleine_collage.jpg/440px-Madeleine_collage.jpg 2x" data-file-width="9965" data-file-height="3700" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Neoclassicism#Sculpture" title="Neoclassicism">Neoclassical</a> pediment of the <a href="/wiki/La_Madeleine,_Paris" title="La Madeleine, Paris">Madeleine Church</a>, Paris, with sculpture (1826–1834) by <a href="/wiki/Philippe_Joseph_Henri_Lemaire" title="Philippe Joseph Henri Lemaire">Philippe Joseph Henri Lemaire</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Luebke_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Luebke-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>The cornice continues round the top of the pediment, as well as below it; the rising sides are often called the "raking cornice".<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Tympanum_(architecture)" title="Tympanum (architecture)">tympanum</a> is the triangular area within the pediment, which is often decorated with a <a href="/wiki/Pedimental_sculpture" title="Pedimental sculpture">pedimental sculpture</a> which may be freestanding or a <a href="/wiki/Relief" title="Relief">relief</a> sculpture.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The tympanum may hold an inscription, or in modern times, a clock face. </p><p>The main variant shapes are the "segmental", "curved", or "arch" pediment, where the straight line triangle of the cornice is replaced by a curve making a segment of a circle, the <b>broken pediment</b> where the cornice has a gap at the apex,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <b>open pediment</b>, with a gap in the cornice along the base. Both triangular and segmental pediments can have "broken" and "open" forms.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pediments are found in <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_architecture" title="Ancient Greek architecture">ancient Greek architecture</a> as early as 580 BC, in the archaic <a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Artemis,_Corfu" title="Temple of Artemis, Corfu">Temple of Artemis, Corfu</a>, which was probably one of the first.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pediments return in <a href="/wiki/Renaissance_architecture" title="Renaissance architecture">Renaissance architecture</a> and are then much used in later styles such as <a href="/wiki/Baroque_architecture" title="Baroque architecture">Baroque</a>, <a href="/wiki/Neoclassical_architecture" title="Neoclassical architecture">Neoclassical</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Beaux-Arts_architecture" title="Beaux-Arts architecture">Beaux-Arts architecture</a>, which favoured the segmental variant.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Variant_forms">Variant forms</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pediment&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Variant forms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Palazzo_Farnese_Roma_(cropped).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Palazzo_Farnese_Roma_%28cropped%29.JPG/220px-Palazzo_Farnese_Roma_%28cropped%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Palazzo_Farnese_Roma_%28cropped%29.JPG/330px-Palazzo_Farnese_Roma_%28cropped%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Palazzo_Farnese_Roma_%28cropped%29.JPG/440px-Palazzo_Farnese_Roma_%28cropped%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="483" /></a><figcaption>Open pediments on windows at the <a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Farnese" title="Palazzo Farnese">Palazzo Farnese</a>, Rome, by <a href="/wiki/Antonio_da_Sangallo_the_Younger" title="Antonio da Sangallo the Younger">Antonio da Sangallo the Younger</a>, begun 1534</figcaption></figure> <p>A variant is the "segmental" or "arch" pediment, where the normal angular slopes of the cornice are replaced by one in the form of a segment of a circle, in the manner of a depressed arch.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Both traditional and segmental pediments have "broken" and "open" forms. In the <b>broken pediment</b> the raking cornice is left open at the apex.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <b>open pediment</b> is open along the base, with a gap in the cornice for part or all of the space under the pediment.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>All these forms were used in <a href="/wiki/Hellenistic" class="mw-redirect" title="Hellenistic">Hellenistic</a> architecture, especially in <a href="/wiki/Alexandria" title="Alexandria">Alexandria</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</a>. The so-called "Treasury" or <a href="/wiki/Al-Khazneh" title="Al-Khazneh">Al-Khazneh</a>, a 1st-century <a href="/wiki/Rock-cut_architecture" title="Rock-cut architecture">rock-cut</a> tomb in <a href="/wiki/Petra" title="Petra">Petra</a>, Jordan, is a famously extreme example, with not merely the pediment, but the whole <a href="/wiki/Entablature" title="Entablature">entablature</a>, very "broken" and retreating into the cliff face.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Broken pediments where the gap is extremely wide in this way are often called "half-pediments". </p><p>They were adopted in <a href="/wiki/Mannerist#Mannerist_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Mannerist">Mannerist architecture</a>, and applied to <a href="/wiki/Furniture" title="Furniture">furniture</a> designed by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Chippendale" title="Thomas Chippendale">Thomas Chippendale</a>. Another variant is the <b>swan's neck pediment</b>, a broken pediment with two S-shaped profiles resembling a swan's neck, typically <a href="/wiki/Volute" title="Volute">volutes</a>; this is mostly found in furniture rather than buildings. It was popular in American doorways from the 1760's onwards. Very often there is a vase-like ornament in the middle, between the volutes. Non-triangular variations of pediments are often found over doors, windows, niches, and porches. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 101.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 99.333333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Roman_fresco_from_Boscoreale,_43-30_BCE,_Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Open pediment in a fresco from Boscoreale, 43-30 BC"><img alt="Open pediment in a fresco from Boscoreale, 43-30 BC" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Roman_fresco_from_Boscoreale%2C_43-30_BCE%2C_Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art.jpg/149px-Roman_fresco_from_Boscoreale%2C_43-30_BCE%2C_Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Roman_fresco_from_Boscoreale%2C_43-30_BCE%2C_Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art.jpg/224px-Roman_fresco_from_Boscoreale%2C_43-30_BCE%2C_Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Roman_fresco_from_Boscoreale%2C_43-30_BCE%2C_Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art.jpg/298px-Roman_fresco_from_Boscoreale%2C_43-30_BCE%2C_Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art.jpg 2x" data-file-width="516" data-file-height="779" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Open pediment in a <a href="/wiki/Fresco" title="Fresco">fresco</a> from <a href="/wiki/Boscoreale" title="Boscoreale">Boscoreale</a>, 43-30 BC</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 97.333333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 95.333333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:St_Giles,_Cripplegate,_London_EC2_-_Wall_monument_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1209154_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Broken pediment on the monument to John Speed, London, c. 1630"><img alt="Broken pediment on the monument to John Speed, London, c. 1630" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/St_Giles%2C_Cripplegate%2C_London_EC2_-_Wall_monument_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1209154_%28cropped%29.jpg/143px-St_Giles%2C_Cripplegate%2C_London_EC2_-_Wall_monument_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1209154_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="96" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/St_Giles%2C_Cripplegate%2C_London_EC2_-_Wall_monument_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1209154_%28cropped%29.jpg/216px-St_Giles%2C_Cripplegate%2C_London_EC2_-_Wall_monument_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1209154_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/St_Giles%2C_Cripplegate%2C_London_EC2_-_Wall_monument_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1209154_%28cropped%29.jpg/287px-St_Giles%2C_Cripplegate%2C_London_EC2_-_Wall_monument_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1209154_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="337" data-file-height="528" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Broken pediment on the monument to <a href="/wiki/John_Speed" title="John Speed">John Speed</a>, London, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1630</span></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 227.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 225.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Desplats-2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Renaissance highly decorated segmental pediment, Hôtel Desplats or de Palaminy, Toulouse, France"><img alt="Renaissance highly decorated segmental pediment, Hôtel Desplats or de Palaminy, Toulouse, France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Desplats-2.jpg/338px-Desplats-2.jpg" decoding="async" width="226" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Desplats-2.jpg/507px-Desplats-2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Desplats-2.jpg/675px-Desplats-2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4752" data-file-height="3168" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Renaissance_architecture" title="Renaissance architecture">Renaissance</a> highly decorated segmental pediment, Hôtel Desplats or de Palaminy, <a href="/wiki/Toulouse" title="Toulouse">Toulouse</a>, France</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 113.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 111.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mt._Harmon,_door_(21416293709).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Door with swan's neck pediment, Maryland, c. 1788"><img alt="Door with swan's neck pediment, Maryland, c. 1788" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Mt._Harmon%2C_door_%2821416293709%29.jpg/167px-Mt._Harmon%2C_door_%2821416293709%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="112" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Mt._Harmon%2C_door_%2821416293709%29.jpg/251px-Mt._Harmon%2C_door_%2821416293709%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Mt._Harmon%2C_door_%2821416293709%29.jpg/334px-Mt._Harmon%2C_door_%2821416293709%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="742" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Door with swan's neck pediment, <a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1788</span></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 227.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 225.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Alexander_Nevsky_Cathedral_Tallinn.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Russian Revival open pediment with mosaic of the Alexander Nevsky Cathedral, Tallinn, Estonia"><img alt="Russian Revival open pediment with mosaic of the Alexander Nevsky Cathedral, Tallinn, Estonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Alexander_Nevsky_Cathedral_Tallinn.jpg/338px-Alexander_Nevsky_Cathedral_Tallinn.jpg" decoding="async" width="226" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Alexander_Nevsky_Cathedral_Tallinn.jpg/507px-Alexander_Nevsky_Cathedral_Tallinn.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Alexander_Nevsky_Cathedral_Tallinn.jpg/675px-Alexander_Nevsky_Cathedral_Tallinn.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4752" data-file-height="3168" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Russian_Revival_architecture" title="Russian Revival architecture">Russian Revival</a> open pediment with <a href="/wiki/Mosaic" title="Mosaic">mosaic</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Nevsky_Cathedral,_Tallinn" title="Alexander Nevsky Cathedral, Tallinn">Alexander Nevsky Cathedral</a>, Tallinn, Estonia</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pediment&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gorgon_at_the_Archaeological_Museum_in_Corfu.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Gorgon_at_the_Archaeological_Museum_in_Corfu.jpg/220px-Gorgon_at_the_Archaeological_Museum_in_Corfu.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Gorgon_at_the_Archaeological_Museum_in_Corfu.jpg/330px-Gorgon_at_the_Archaeological_Museum_in_Corfu.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Gorgon_at_the_Archaeological_Museum_in_Corfu.jpg/440px-Gorgon_at_the_Archaeological_Museum_in_Corfu.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2499" data-file-height="1576" /></a><figcaption>The earliest surviving <a href="/wiki/Pedimental_sculpture" title="Pedimental sculpture">pedimental sculpture</a>, <a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Artemis,_Corfu" title="Temple of Artemis, Corfu">Temple of Artemis, Corfu</a>, about 580–570 BC, in a reconstructed setting</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Classical">Classical</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pediment&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Classical"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The pediment is found in classical Greek temples, Etruscan, Roman, Renaissance, Baroque, Rococo, Neoclassical, and Beaux-Arts architecture. Greek temples, normally rectangular in plan, generally had a pediment at each end, but Roman temples, and subsequent revivals, often had only one, in both cases across the whole width of the main front or facade. The rear of the typical Roman temple was a blank wall, usually without columns, but often a full pediment above. This effectively divorced the pediment from the columns beneath it in the original temple front ensemble, and thereafter it was no longer considered necessary for a pediment to be above columns. </p><p>The most famous example of the Greek scheme is the <a href="/wiki/Parthenon" title="Parthenon">Parthenon</a>, with two <a href="/wiki/Tympanum_(architecture)" title="Tympanum (architecture)">tympanums</a> filled with large groups of sculpted figures.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An extreme but very influential example of the Roman style is the <a href="/wiki/Pantheon,_Rome" title="Pantheon, Rome">Pantheon, Rome</a>, where a portico with pediment fronts a circular temple.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Markttor_zu_Milet-Pergamonmuseum-2018.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Markttor_zu_Milet-Pergamonmuseum-2018.jpg/220px-Markttor_zu_Milet-Pergamonmuseum-2018.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Markttor_zu_Milet-Pergamonmuseum-2018.jpg/330px-Markttor_zu_Milet-Pergamonmuseum-2018.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Markttor_zu_Milet-Pergamonmuseum-2018.jpg/440px-Markttor_zu_Milet-Pergamonmuseum-2018.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2432" /></a><figcaption>2nd-century <a href="/wiki/Market_Gate_of_Miletus" title="Market Gate of Miletus">Market Gate of Miletus</a>, Pergamon Museum, Berlin</figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome" title="Ancient Rome">ancient Rome</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Renaissance" title="Renaissance">Renaissance</a>, and later <a href="/wiki/Revivalism_(architecture)" title="Revivalism (architecture)">architectural revivals</a>, small pediments are a non-structural element over <a href="/wiki/Window" title="Window">windows</a>, <a href="/wiki/Door" title="Door">doors</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Aedicula" title="Aedicula">aediculae</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> protecting windows and openings from rain, as well as being decorative. From the 5th century pediments also might appear on tombs and later non-architectural objects such as <a href="/wiki/Sarcophagi" class="mw-redirect" title="Sarcophagi">sarcophagi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the Hellenistic period pediments became used for a wider range of buildings, and treated much more freely, especially outside Greece itself. Broken and open pediments are used in a way that is often described as "baroque". The large 2nd-century <a href="/wiki/Market_Gate_of_Miletus" title="Market Gate of Miletus">Market Gate of Miletus</a>, now reconstructed in the <a href="/wiki/Pergamon_Museum" title="Pergamon Museum">Pergamon Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a>, has a pediment that retreats in the centre, so appears both broken and open, a feature also seen at the <a href="/wiki/Al-Khazneh" title="Al-Khazneh">Al-Khazneh</a> (so-called "Treasury") tomb at <a href="/wiki/Petra" title="Petra">Petra</a> in modern <a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a>. The broken pediments on each of the four sides of the <a href="/wiki/Arch_of_Septimius_Severus_(Leptis_Magna)" title="Arch of Septimius Severus (Leptis Magna)">Arch of Septimius Severus</a> at <a href="/wiki/Leptis_Magna" title="Leptis Magna">Leptis Magna</a> in <a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a> are very small elements, raking at an extremely steep angle, but not extending beyond the entablature for the columns below. There are two faces to each pediment, both carved, with one lying parallel to the wall of the monument, and the other at right angles to that. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Arch_of_Augustus_(Rimini)" title="Arch of Augustus (Rimini)">Arch of Augustus</a> in <a href="/wiki/Rimini" title="Rimini">Rimini</a>, Italy (27 BC), an early imperial monument, suggests that at this stage provincial Roman architects were not well practiced in the classical vocabulary; the base of the pediment ends close to, but not over, the capitals of the columns. Here the whole temple front is decoration applied to a very solid wall, but the lack of respect for the conventions of Greek <a href="/wiki/Post_and_lintel" title="Post and lintel">trabeated</a> architecture remains rather disconcerting.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Conventional Roman pediments have a slightly steeper pitch than classical Greek ones, perhaps because they ended tiled roofs that received heavier rainfall. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 202px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B0.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ancient Greek west pediment of the Temple of Artemis in Corfu, c.580 BC, probably limestone, Archaeological Museum of Corfu, Kerkyra, Greece"><img alt="Ancient Greek west pediment of the Temple of Artemis in Corfu, c.580 BC, probably limestone, Archaeological Museum of Corfu, Kerkyra, Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B0.jpg/300px-%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B0.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B0.jpg/451px-%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B0.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B0.jpg/600px-%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B0.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_architecture" title="Ancient Greek architecture">Ancient Greek</a> west pediment of the Temple of Artemis in Corfu, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr>580 BC, probably limestone, <a href="/wiki/Archaeological_Museum_of_Corfu" title="Archaeological Museum of Corfu">Archaeological Museum of Corfu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kerkyra" class="mw-redirect" title="Kerkyra">Kerkyra</a>, Greece</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 227.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 225.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Paestum_Temples_(Italy,_October_2020)_-_19_(50562342776).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ancient Greek west front of the Temple of Athena, Paestum, unknown architect, c.500 BC"><img alt="Ancient Greek west front of the Temple of Athena, Paestum, unknown architect, c.500 BC" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Paestum_Temples_%28Italy%2C_October_2020%29_-_19_%2850562342776%29.jpg/338px-Paestum_Temples_%28Italy%2C_October_2020%29_-_19_%2850562342776%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="226" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Paestum_Temples_%28Italy%2C_October_2020%29_-_19_%2850562342776%29.jpg/508px-Paestum_Temples_%28Italy%2C_October_2020%29_-_19_%2850562342776%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Paestum_Temples_%28Italy%2C_October_2020%29_-_19_%2850562342776%29.jpg/677px-Paestum_Temples_%28Italy%2C_October_2020%29_-_19_%2850562342776%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5431" data-file-height="3613" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Ancient Greek west front of the <a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Athena_(Paestum)" title="Temple of Athena (Paestum)">Temple of Athena, Paestum</a>, unknown architect, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr>500 BC</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 204.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 202.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Reconstruction_drawing_of_the_Temple_of_Aphaea,_Aegina,_Greece_(01).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Reconstruction drawing of the facade of the Temple of Aphaia, Aegina, Greece, including its pediment, unknown temple architect or illustrator, c.500 BC"><img alt="Reconstruction drawing of the facade of the Temple of Aphaia, Aegina, Greece, including its pediment, unknown temple architect or illustrator, c.500 BC" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Reconstruction_drawing_of_the_Temple_of_Aphaea%2C_Aegina%2C_Greece_%2801%29.jpg/304px-Reconstruction_drawing_of_the_Temple_of_Aphaea%2C_Aegina%2C_Greece_%2801%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="203" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Reconstruction_drawing_of_the_Temple_of_Aphaea%2C_Aegina%2C_Greece_%2801%29.jpg/457px-Reconstruction_drawing_of_the_Temple_of_Aphaea%2C_Aegina%2C_Greece_%2801%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Reconstruction_drawing_of_the_Temple_of_Aphaea%2C_Aegina%2C_Greece_%2801%29.jpg/608px-Reconstruction_drawing_of_the_Temple_of_Aphaea%2C_Aegina%2C_Greece_%2801%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1111" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Reconstruction drawing of the facade of the <a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Aphaia" title="Temple of Aphaia">Temple of Aphaia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aegina" title="Aegina">Aegina</a>, Greece, including its pediment, unknown temple architect or illustrator, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr>500 BC</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 214.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 212.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Reconstruction_drawing_of_the_Temple_of_Zeus,_Olympia,_Greece_(01).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Reconstruction drawing of the facade of the Temple of Zeus, Olympia, Greece, including its pediment, unknown architect or illustrator, c.472-456 BC"><img alt="Reconstruction drawing of the facade of the Temple of Zeus, Olympia, Greece, including its pediment, unknown architect or illustrator, c.472-456 BC" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Reconstruction_drawing_of_the_Temple_of_Zeus%2C_Olympia%2C_Greece_%2801%29.jpg/319px-Reconstruction_drawing_of_the_Temple_of_Zeus%2C_Olympia%2C_Greece_%2801%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="213" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Reconstruction_drawing_of_the_Temple_of_Zeus%2C_Olympia%2C_Greece_%2801%29.jpg/479px-Reconstruction_drawing_of_the_Temple_of_Zeus%2C_Olympia%2C_Greece_%2801%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Reconstruction_drawing_of_the_Temple_of_Zeus%2C_Olympia%2C_Greece_%2801%29.jpg/638px-Reconstruction_drawing_of_the_Temple_of_Zeus%2C_Olympia%2C_Greece_%2801%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1058" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Reconstruction drawing of the facade of the <a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Zeus,_Olympia" title="Temple of Zeus, Olympia">Temple of Zeus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Olympia,_Greece" title="Olympia, Greece">Olympia</a>, Greece, including its pediment, unknown architect or illustrator, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr>472-456 BC</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 324.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 322.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Reconstruction_drawing_of_the_Temple_of_Zeus_Hellanios_Aegina,_Greece,_by_Charles_Garnier,_1852_(01).webp" class="mw-file-description" title="Reconstruction drawing of the facade of the Temple of Hellanius Zeus, Aegina, including its pediment, showing the polychromy all ancient sculptures and buildings had, unknown architect, illustrated by Charles Garnier in 1852, unknown date"><img alt="Reconstruction drawing of the facade of the Temple of Hellanius Zeus, Aegina, including its pediment, showing the polychromy all ancient sculptures and buildings had, unknown architect, illustrated by Charles Garnier in 1852, unknown date" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Reconstruction_drawing_of_the_Temple_of_Zeus_Hellanios_Aegina%2C_Greece%2C_by_Charles_Garnier%2C_1852_%2801%29.webp/484px-Reconstruction_drawing_of_the_Temple_of_Zeus_Hellanios_Aegina%2C_Greece%2C_by_Charles_Garnier%2C_1852_%2801%29.webp.png" decoding="async" width="323" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Reconstruction_drawing_of_the_Temple_of_Zeus_Hellanios_Aegina%2C_Greece%2C_by_Charles_Garnier%2C_1852_%2801%29.webp/727px-Reconstruction_drawing_of_the_Temple_of_Zeus_Hellanios_Aegina%2C_Greece%2C_by_Charles_Garnier%2C_1852_%2801%29.webp.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Reconstruction_drawing_of_the_Temple_of_Zeus_Hellanios_Aegina%2C_Greece%2C_by_Charles_Garnier%2C_1852_%2801%29.webp/968px-Reconstruction_drawing_of_the_Temple_of_Zeus_Hellanios_Aegina%2C_Greece%2C_by_Charles_Garnier%2C_1852_%2801%29.webp.png 2x" data-file-width="1651" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Reconstruction drawing of the facade of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Temple_of_Hellanius_Zeus_(Aegina)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Temple of Hellanius Zeus (Aegina) (page does not exist)">Temple of Hellanius Zeus</a>, Aegina, including its pediment, showing the <a href="/wiki/Polychromy" class="mw-redirect" title="Polychromy">polychromy</a> all ancient sculptures and buildings had, unknown architect, illustrated by <a href="/wiki/Charles_Garnier_(architect)" title="Charles Garnier (architect)">Charles Garnier</a> in 1852, unknown date</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 213.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 211.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Acr%C3%B2poli_d%27Atenes,_fa%C3%A7ana_est_del_Parten%C3%B3.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="One of the few sections of the sculpture of the Ancient Greek pediment of the Parthenon still in place; others are the Elgin Marbles in the British Museum, London"><img alt="One of the few sections of the sculpture of the Ancient Greek pediment of the Parthenon still in place; others are the Elgin Marbles in the British Museum, London" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Acr%C3%B2poli_d%27Atenes%2C_fa%C3%A7ana_est_del_Parten%C3%B3.JPG/317px-Acr%C3%B2poli_d%27Atenes%2C_fa%C3%A7ana_est_del_Parten%C3%B3.JPG" decoding="async" width="212" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Acr%C3%B2poli_d%27Atenes%2C_fa%C3%A7ana_est_del_Parten%C3%B3.JPG/477px-Acr%C3%B2poli_d%27Atenes%2C_fa%C3%A7ana_est_del_Parten%C3%B3.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Acr%C3%B2poli_d%27Atenes%2C_fa%C3%A7ana_est_del_Parten%C3%B3.JPG/635px-Acr%C3%B2poli_d%27Atenes%2C_fa%C3%A7ana_est_del_Parten%C3%B3.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3192" data-file-height="2264" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">One of the few sections of the sculpture of the Ancient Greek pediment of the <a href="/wiki/Parthenon" title="Parthenon">Parthenon</a> still in place; others are the <a href="/wiki/Elgin_Marbles" title="Elgin Marbles">Elgin Marbles</a> in the <a href="/wiki/British_Museum" title="British Museum">British Museum</a>, London</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 291.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 289.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pediments_of_the_Parthenon_as_they_were_in_1683_-_Stuart_James_%26_Revett_Nicholas_-_1816.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Illustrations with the sculptures of the two pediments of the Parthenon, by James Stuart and Nicholas Revett in 1794"><img alt="Illustrations with the sculptures of the two pediments of the Parthenon, by James Stuart and Nicholas Revett in 1794" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Pediments_of_the_Parthenon_as_they_were_in_1683_-_Stuart_James_%26_Revett_Nicholas_-_1816.jpg/434px-Pediments_of_the_Parthenon_as_they_were_in_1683_-_Stuart_James_%26_Revett_Nicholas_-_1816.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Pediments_of_the_Parthenon_as_they_were_in_1683_-_Stuart_James_%26_Revett_Nicholas_-_1816.jpg/652px-Pediments_of_the_Parthenon_as_they_were_in_1683_-_Stuart_James_%26_Revett_Nicholas_-_1816.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Pediments_of_the_Parthenon_as_they_were_in_1683_-_Stuart_James_%26_Revett_Nicholas_-_1816.jpg/868px-Pediments_of_the_Parthenon_as_they_were_in_1683_-_Stuart_James_%26_Revett_Nicholas_-_1816.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="778" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Illustrations with the sculptures of the two pediments of the Parthenon, by <a href="/wiki/James_%22Athenian%22_Stuart" title="James "Athenian" Stuart">James Stuart</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Revett" title="Nicholas Revett">Nicholas Revett</a> in 1794</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 114.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 112.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arco_d%C2%B4Augusto_Rimini.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Roman pediment of the Arch of Augustus, Rimini, 27 BC"><img alt="Roman pediment of the Arch of Augustus, Rimini, 27 BC" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Arco_d%C2%B4Augusto_Rimini.JPG/169px-Arco_d%C2%B4Augusto_Rimini.JPG" decoding="async" width="113" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Arco_d%C2%B4Augusto_Rimini.JPG/253px-Arco_d%C2%B4Augusto_Rimini.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Arco_d%C2%B4Augusto_Rimini.JPG/337px-Arco_d%C2%B4Augusto_Rimini.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Roman_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman architecture">Roman</a> pediment of the <a href="/wiki/Arch_of_Augustus_(Rimini)" title="Arch of Augustus (Rimini)">Arch of Augustus</a>, Rimini, 27 BC</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 227.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 225.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Celsus_library_in_Ephesus_(5631574095).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Roman mascaron with rinceaux in a segmental pediment of the Library of Celsus, Ephesus, Turkey, unknown architect, c.110 AD"><img alt="Roman mascaron with rinceaux in a segmental pediment of the Library of Celsus, Ephesus, Turkey, unknown architect, c.110 AD" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Celsus_library_in_Ephesus_%285631574095%29.jpg/338px-Celsus_library_in_Ephesus_%285631574095%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="226" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Celsus_library_in_Ephesus_%285631574095%29.jpg/508px-Celsus_library_in_Ephesus_%285631574095%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Celsus_library_in_Ephesus_%285631574095%29.jpg/676px-Celsus_library_in_Ephesus_%285631574095%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4592" data-file-height="3056" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Roman mascaron with <a href="/wiki/Rinceau" title="Rinceau">rinceaux</a> in a segmental <a class="mw-selflink selflink">pediment</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Celsus" title="Library of Celsus">Library of Celsus</a>, Ephesus, Turkey, unknown architect, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr>110 AD</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 133.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 131.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:DM_Tiberius_Claudius_Chryseros.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Roman pediment on a funerary urn, unknown date, marble, Terme di Diocleziano, Rome"><img alt="Roman pediment on a funerary urn, unknown date, marble, Terme di Diocleziano, Rome" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/DM_Tiberius_Claudius_Chryseros.jpg/197px-DM_Tiberius_Claudius_Chryseros.jpg" decoding="async" width="132" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/DM_Tiberius_Claudius_Chryseros.jpg/296px-DM_Tiberius_Claudius_Chryseros.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/DM_Tiberius_Claudius_Chryseros.jpg/395px-DM_Tiberius_Claudius_Chryseros.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1413" data-file-height="1611" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Roman pediment on a funerary urn, unknown date, marble, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Terme_di_Diocleziano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Terme di Diocleziano (page does not exist)">Terme di Diocleziano</a>, Rome</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 171.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 169.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Disco_de_Teodosio.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Late Roman-early Byzantine pediment on the Missorium of Theodosius I, 388, silver, Real Academia de la Historia, Madrid, Spain[18]"><img alt="Late Roman-early Byzantine pediment on the Missorium of Theodosius I, 388, silver, Real Academia de la Historia, Madrid, Spain[18]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Disco_de_Teodosio.jpg/254px-Disco_de_Teodosio.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Disco_de_Teodosio.jpg/382px-Disco_de_Teodosio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Disco_de_Teodosio.jpg/509px-Disco_de_Teodosio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2655" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Late Roman-early <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_architecture" title="Byzantine architecture">Byzantine</a> pediment on the <a href="/wiki/Missorium_of_Theodosius_I" title="Missorium of Theodosius I">Missorium of Theodosius I</a>, 388, silver, <a href="/wiki/Real_Academia_de_la_Historia" class="mw-redirect" title="Real Academia de la Historia">Real Academia de la Historia</a>, Madrid, Spain<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Medieval">Medieval</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pediment&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Medieval"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Carolingian_architecture" title="Carolingian architecture">Carolingian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Romanesque_architecture" title="Romanesque architecture">Romanesque architecture</a> pediments tended towards the <a href="/wiki/Equilateral_triangle" title="Equilateral triangle">equilateral triangle</a>, and the enclosing cornice has little emphasis; they are often merely gable ends with some ornament. In <a href="/wiki/Gothic_architecture" title="Gothic architecture">Gothic architecture</a> pediments with a much more <a href="/wiki/Acute_angle" class="mw-redirect" title="Acute angle">acute angle</a> at the top were used, especially over doorways and windows, but while the rising sides of the cornice is elaborate, the horizontal bottom element was typically not very distinct. Often there is a <a href="/wiki/Pointed_arch" title="Pointed arch">pointed arch</a> underneath, and no bottom element at all. "Pediment" is typically not used for these; they are often called a "canopy". From the Renaissance onwards, some pediments no longer fitted the steeply pitched roofs and became freestanding, sometimes sloping in the opposite direction to the roof behind. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 226px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 224px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:F06.St.-Jouin.1912.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Romanesque pediment of the Abbaye Saint-Jouin de Marnes, Saint-Jouin-de-Marnes, Deux-Sèvres, France, started in 1095"><img alt="Romanesque pediment of the Abbaye Saint-Jouin de Marnes, Saint-Jouin-de-Marnes, Deux-Sèvres, France, started in 1095" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/F06.St.-Jouin.1912.jpg/336px-F06.St.-Jouin.1912.jpg" decoding="async" width="224" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/F06.St.-Jouin.1912.jpg/505px-F06.St.-Jouin.1912.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/F06.St.-Jouin.1912.jpg/672px-F06.St.-Jouin.1912.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Romanesque_architecture" title="Romanesque architecture">Romanesque</a> pediment of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abbaye_Saint-Jouin_de_Marnes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abbaye Saint-Jouin de Marnes (page does not exist)">Abbaye Saint-Jouin de Marnes</a>, Saint-Jouin-de-Marnes, Deux-Sèvres, France, started in 1095</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 114.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 112.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Castel_del_monte-entrance.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Entrance of the Castel del Monte, Apulia, Italy, 1240s"><img alt="Entrance of the Castel del Monte, Apulia, Italy, 1240s" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Castel_del_monte-entrance.jpg/169px-Castel_del_monte-entrance.jpg" decoding="async" width="113" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Castel_del_monte-entrance.jpg/253px-Castel_del_monte-entrance.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Castel_del_monte-entrance.jpg/337px-Castel_del_monte-entrance.jpg 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="1024" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Entrance of the <a href="/wiki/Castel_del_Monte,_Apulia" title="Castel del Monte, Apulia">Castel del Monte, Apulia</a>, Italy, 1240s</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 227.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 225.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Orvieto,_cattedrale_di_Santa_Maria_Assunta_(017).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gothic pediment of Orvieto Cathedral, Orvieto, Italy, 1290-1591"><img alt="Gothic pediment of Orvieto Cathedral, Orvieto, Italy, 1290-1591" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Orvieto%2C_cattedrale_di_Santa_Maria_Assunta_%28017%29.jpg/338px-Orvieto%2C_cattedrale_di_Santa_Maria_Assunta_%28017%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="226" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Orvieto%2C_cattedrale_di_Santa_Maria_Assunta_%28017%29.jpg/507px-Orvieto%2C_cattedrale_di_Santa_Maria_Assunta_%28017%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Orvieto%2C_cattedrale_di_Santa_Maria_Assunta_%28017%29.jpg/675px-Orvieto%2C_cattedrale_di_Santa_Maria_Assunta_%28017%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Gothic_architecture" title="Gothic architecture">Gothic</a> pediment of <a href="/wiki/Orvieto_Cathedral" title="Orvieto Cathedral">Orvieto Cathedral</a>, Orvieto, Italy, 1290-1591</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Renaissance,_Baroque_and_Rococo"><span id="Renaissance.2C_Baroque_and_Rococo"></span>Renaissance, Baroque and Rococo</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pediment&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Renaissance, Baroque and Rococo"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sant%27_Agostino_(Rom).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Sant%27_Agostino_%28Rom%29.jpg/220px-Sant%27_Agostino_%28Rom%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="268" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Sant%27_Agostino_%28Rom%29.jpg/330px-Sant%27_Agostino_%28Rom%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Sant%27_Agostino_%28Rom%29.jpg/440px-Sant%27_Agostino_%28Rom%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3457" data-file-height="4210" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Sant%27Agostino,_Rome" title="Sant'Agostino, Rome">Sant'Agostino, Rome</a>, by multiple architects, 1483, with three pediments, including a squashed one in the middle</figcaption></figure> <p>When classical-style low triangular pediments returned in <a href="/wiki/Italian_Renaissance_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Renaissance architecture">Italian Renaissance architecture</a>, they were initially mostly used to top a relatively flat facade, with <a href="/wiki/Engaged_column" title="Engaged column">engaged</a> elements rather than freestanding porticos supported by columns. <a href="/wiki/Leon_Battista_Alberti" title="Leon Battista Alberti">Leon Battista Alberti</a> used them in this way in his churches: the <a href="/wiki/Tempio_Malatestiano" title="Tempio Malatestiano">Tempio Malatestiano</a> (1450s, incomplete), <a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_Novella" title="Santa Maria Novella">Santa Maria Novella</a> (to 1470), <a href="/wiki/San_Sebastiano_(Mantua)" class="mw-redirect" title="San Sebastiano (Mantua)">San Sebastiano in Mantua</a> (unfinished by the 1470s), <a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_Sant%27Andrea,_Mantua" title="Basilica of Sant'Andrea, Mantua">Sant'Andrea, Mantua</a> (begun 1472), and <a href="/wiki/Pienza_Cathedral" title="Pienza Cathedral">Pienza Cathedral</a> <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1460</span>), where the design was probably his. Here the cornice comes out and then retreats back, forming the top of <a href="/wiki/Pilaster" title="Pilaster">pilasters</a> with no capitals, a very unclassical note, which was to become much used. </p><p>In most of these Alberti followed classical precedent by having the pediment occupy the whole width of the facade, or at least that part that projects outwards. Santa Maria Novella and <a href="/wiki/Sant%27Agostino,_Rome" title="Sant'Agostino, Rome">Sant'Agostino, Rome</a> (1483, by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Giacomo_di_Pietrasanta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Giacomo di Pietrasanta (page does not exist)">Giacomo di Pietrasanta</a>, perhaps designed by Alberti) were early examples of what was to become a very common scheme, where the pediment at the top of the facade was much less wide, forming a third zone above a middle zone that transitioned the width from that of the bottom. The giant curving <a href="/wiki/Volute" title="Volute">volute</a> or <a href="/wiki/Scroll_(art)" title="Scroll (art)">scroll</a> used at the sides of the middle zone at Sant'Agostino was to be a very common feature over the next two centuries. As in Gothic architecture, this often reflected the shapes of the roofs behind, where the <a href="/wiki/Nave" title="Nave">nave</a> was higher than the side-aisles.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sant'Agostino also has a low, squashed down pediment at the top of the full-width section.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This theme was developed by <a href="/wiki/Andrea_Palladio" title="Andrea Palladio">Andrea Palladio</a> in the next century. The main facade of his <a href="/wiki/San_Giorgio_Maggiore_(church),_Venice" title="San Giorgio Maggiore (church), Venice">San Giorgio Maggiore</a> in <a href="/wiki/Venice" title="Venice">Venice</a> (begun 1566) has "two interpenetrating temple fronts", a wider one being overlaid with a narrower and higher one, respectively following the roof lines of the aisles and nave.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several of Palladio's villas also introduced the pediment to country house architecture, which was to be become extremely common in English <a href="/wiki/Palladian_architecture" title="Palladian architecture">Palladian architecture</a>. In cities, Palladio reserved the temple front for churches, but in the Baroque, and especially outside Italy, this distinction was abandoned. </p><p>The first use of pediments over windows in the Renaissance was on the <a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Bartolini_Salimbeni" title="Palazzo Bartolini Salimbeni">Palazzo Bartolini Salimbeni</a> in Florence, completed in 1523 by <a href="/wiki/Baccio_d%27Agnolo" title="Baccio d'Agnolo">Baccio d'Agnolo</a>. <a href="/wiki/Vasari" class="mw-redirect" title="Vasari">Vasari</a> says the innovation caused ridicule initially, but later came to be admired and widely adopted.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Baccio was accused of turning a <i><a href="/wiki/Palazzo" class="mw-redirect" title="Palazzo">palazzo</a></i> into a church. Three windows on each of three storeys (and the door) alternate regular and segmental pediments; there is no pediment at the top of the facade, just a large cornice, as was usual.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Basilica_di_San_Pietro_in_Vaticano_September_2015-1a.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Basilica_di_San_Pietro_in_Vaticano_September_2015-1a.jpg/220px-Basilica_di_San_Pietro_in_Vaticano_September_2015-1a.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Basilica_di_San_Pietro_in_Vaticano_September_2015-1a.jpg/330px-Basilica_di_San_Pietro_in_Vaticano_September_2015-1a.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Basilica_di_San_Pietro_in_Vaticano_September_2015-1a.jpg/440px-Basilica_di_San_Pietro_in_Vaticano_September_2015-1a.jpg 2x" data-file-width="13066" data-file-height="6823" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/St_Peter%27s_Basilica" class="mw-redirect" title="St Peter's Basilica">St Peter's Basilica</a>, Rome, by multiple architects, 1506-1626</figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/St_Peter%27s_Basilica" class="mw-redirect" title="St Peter's Basilica">St Peter's Basilica</a> there is a conventional pediment over the main entrance, but the complicated facade stretches beyond it to both sides and above, and though large in absolute terms it makes a relatively small impression. Many later buildings used a temple front with pediment as a highlight of a much wider building. The St Peter's facade also has many small pedimented windows and <a href="/wiki/Aedicular" class="mw-redirect" title="Aedicular">aedicular</a> niches, using a mixture of segmental, broken, and open pediments. </p><p>Variations using multiple pediments became very popular in <a href="/wiki/Baroque_architecture" title="Baroque architecture">Baroque architecture</a>, and the central vertical line of church facades often ascended through several pediments of different sizes and shapes, in Rome five at the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Ges%C3%B9" title="Church of the Gesù">Church of the Gesù</a> (<a href="/wiki/Giacomo_della_Porta" title="Giacomo della Porta">Giacomo della Porta</a> 1584) and six at <a href="/wiki/Santi_Vincenzo_e_Anastasio_a_Trevi" title="Santi Vincenzo e Anastasio a Trevi">Santi Vincenzo e Anastasio a Trevi</a> (<a href="/wiki/Martino_Longhi_the_Younger" title="Martino Longhi the Younger">Martino Longhi the Younger</a>, 1646), the top three folding into each other, using the same base line.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This facade has been described as "a veritable symphony in repetitious pedimentry, bringing together a superimposed array of broken pediments, open pediments and arched pediments".<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Gesù is the home church of the <a href="/wiki/Jesuit_order" class="mw-redirect" title="Jesuit order">Jesuit order</a>, who favoured this style, which was first seen in many cities around Europe in a new main Jesuit church. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 202px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Historic_Centre_of_the_City_of_Pienza-111586.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pienza Cathedral, Italy, with the coat of arms of Pope Pius II, 1459-1462"><img alt="Pienza Cathedral, Italy, with the coat of arms of Pope Pius II, 1459-1462" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Historic_Centre_of_the_City_of_Pienza-111586.jpg/300px-Historic_Centre_of_the_City_of_Pienza-111586.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Historic_Centre_of_the_City_of_Pienza-111586.jpg/451px-Historic_Centre_of_the_City_of_Pienza-111586.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Historic_Centre_of_the_City_of_Pienza-111586.jpg/600px-Historic_Centre_of_the_City_of_Pienza-111586.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Pienza#The_Duomo" title="Pienza">Pienza Cathedral</a>, Italy, with the <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms" title="Coat of arms">coat of arms</a> of <a href="/wiki/Pope_Pius_II" title="Pope Pius II">Pope Pius II</a>, 1459-1462</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 220.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 218.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Venezia_Blick_vom_Campanile_der_Basilica_di_San_Marco_auf_die_Basilica_di_San_Giorgio_Maggiore_6.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="San Giorgio Maggiore, Venice, by Andrea Palladio, begun 1566"><img alt="San Giorgio Maggiore, Venice, by Andrea Palladio, begun 1566" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Venezia_Blick_vom_Campanile_der_Basilica_di_San_Marco_auf_die_Basilica_di_San_Giorgio_Maggiore_6.jpg/328px-Venezia_Blick_vom_Campanile_der_Basilica_di_San_Marco_auf_die_Basilica_di_San_Giorgio_Maggiore_6.jpg" decoding="async" width="219" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Venezia_Blick_vom_Campanile_der_Basilica_di_San_Marco_auf_die_Basilica_di_San_Giorgio_Maggiore_6.jpg/492px-Venezia_Blick_vom_Campanile_der_Basilica_di_San_Marco_auf_die_Basilica_di_San_Giorgio_Maggiore_6.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Venezia_Blick_vom_Campanile_der_Basilica_di_San_Marco_auf_die_Basilica_di_San_Giorgio_Maggiore_6.jpg/655px-Venezia_Blick_vom_Campanile_der_Basilica_di_San_Marco_auf_die_Basilica_di_San_Giorgio_Maggiore_6.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4556" data-file-height="3129" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/San_Giorgio_Maggiore_(church),_Venice" title="San Giorgio Maggiore (church), Venice">San Giorgio Maggiore, Venice</a>, by <a href="/wiki/Andrea_Palladio" title="Andrea Palladio">Andrea Palladio</a>, begun 1566</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 132px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 130px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Church_of_the_Ges%C3%B9,_Rome.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Church of the Gesù, Rome, by Giacomo della Porta, 1584"><img alt="Church of the Gesù, Rome, by Giacomo della Porta, 1584" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Church_of_the_Ges%C3%B9%2C_Rome.jpg/195px-Church_of_the_Ges%C3%B9%2C_Rome.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Church_of_the_Ges%C3%B9%2C_Rome.jpg/293px-Church_of_the_Ges%C3%B9%2C_Rome.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Church_of_the_Ges%C3%B9%2C_Rome.jpg/390px-Church_of_the_Ges%C3%B9%2C_Rome.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="3458" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Ges%C3%B9" title="Church of the Gesù">Church of the Gesù</a>, Rome, by <a href="/wiki/Giacomo_della_Porta" title="Giacomo della Porta">Giacomo della Porta</a>, 1584</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 116px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 114px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%C3%89glise_Santi_Vincenzo_Anastasio_Fontana_Trevi_-_Rome_(IT62)_-_2021-08-30_-_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Santi Vincenzo e Anastasio a Trevi, Italy, by Martino Longhi the Younger, 1646"><img alt="Santi Vincenzo e Anastasio a Trevi, Italy, by Martino Longhi the Younger, 1646" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/%C3%89glise_Santi_Vincenzo_Anastasio_Fontana_Trevi_-_Rome_%28IT62%29_-_2021-08-30_-_1.jpg/171px-%C3%89glise_Santi_Vincenzo_Anastasio_Fontana_Trevi_-_Rome_%28IT62%29_-_2021-08-30_-_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="114" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/%C3%89glise_Santi_Vincenzo_Anastasio_Fontana_Trevi_-_Rome_%28IT62%29_-_2021-08-30_-_1.jpg/257px-%C3%89glise_Santi_Vincenzo_Anastasio_Fontana_Trevi_-_Rome_%28IT62%29_-_2021-08-30_-_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/%C3%89glise_Santi_Vincenzo_Anastasio_Fontana_Trevi_-_Rome_%28IT62%29_-_2021-08-30_-_1.jpg/342px-%C3%89glise_Santi_Vincenzo_Anastasio_Fontana_Trevi_-_Rome_%28IT62%29_-_2021-08-30_-_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3602" data-file-height="4733" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Santi_Vincenzo_e_Anastasio_a_Trevi" title="Santi Vincenzo e Anastasio a Trevi">Santi Vincenzo e Anastasio a Trevi</a>, Italy, by <a href="/wiki/Martino_Longhi_the_Younger" title="Martino Longhi the Younger">Martino Longhi the Younger</a>, 1646</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 227.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 225.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Roma_-_Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_del_Popolo_-_Facade.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The facade of Santa Maria del Popolo, Rome, 1470s, with half-pediments at the mid-level by Bernini, replacing volutes"><img alt="The facade of Santa Maria del Popolo, Rome, 1470s, with half-pediments at the mid-level by Bernini, replacing volutes" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Roma_-_Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_del_Popolo_-_Facade.jpg/338px-Roma_-_Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_del_Popolo_-_Facade.jpg" decoding="async" width="226" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Roma_-_Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_del_Popolo_-_Facade.jpg/507px-Roma_-_Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_del_Popolo_-_Facade.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Roma_-_Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_del_Popolo_-_Facade.jpg/675px-Roma_-_Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_del_Popolo_-_Facade.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4272" data-file-height="2848" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The facade of <a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_del_Popolo" title="Santa Maria del Popolo">Santa Maria del Popolo</a>, Rome, 1470s, with half-pediments at the mid-level by <a href="/wiki/Bernini" class="mw-redirect" title="Bernini">Bernini</a>, replacing <a href="/wiki/Volute" title="Volute">volutes</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 136px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 134px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Palazzo_bartolini_salimbeni2.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Palazzo Bartolini Salimbeni, 1523, the first pedimented windows of the Renaissance"><img alt="Palazzo Bartolini Salimbeni, 1523, the first pedimented windows of the Renaissance" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Palazzo_bartolini_salimbeni2.JPG/201px-Palazzo_bartolini_salimbeni2.JPG" decoding="async" width="134" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Palazzo_bartolini_salimbeni2.JPG/301px-Palazzo_bartolini_salimbeni2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Palazzo_bartolini_salimbeni2.JPG/401px-Palazzo_bartolini_salimbeni2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1346" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Bartolini_Salimbeni" title="Palazzo Bartolini Salimbeni">Palazzo Bartolini Salimbeni</a>, 1523, the first pedimented windows of the Renaissance</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 227.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 225.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pediment_of_the_West_facade_of_the_Pavillon_Saint-Germain-l%27Auxerrois_(PA00085992_1560).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Baroque pediment of the Pavillon Saint-Germain-l'Auxerrois, part of the Palais du Louvre, Paris, unknown architect and sculptor, 17th century"><img alt="Baroque pediment of the Pavillon Saint-Germain-l'Auxerrois, part of the Palais du Louvre, Paris, unknown architect and sculptor, 17th century" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Pediment_of_the_West_facade_of_the_Pavillon_Saint-Germain-l%27Auxerrois_%28PA00085992_1560%29.jpg/338px-Pediment_of_the_West_facade_of_the_Pavillon_Saint-Germain-l%27Auxerrois_%28PA00085992_1560%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="226" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Pediment_of_the_West_facade_of_the_Pavillon_Saint-Germain-l%27Auxerrois_%28PA00085992_1560%29.jpg/507px-Pediment_of_the_West_facade_of_the_Pavillon_Saint-Germain-l%27Auxerrois_%28PA00085992_1560%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Pediment_of_the_West_facade_of_the_Pavillon_Saint-Germain-l%27Auxerrois_%28PA00085992_1560%29.jpg/675px-Pediment_of_the_West_facade_of_the_Pavillon_Saint-Germain-l%27Auxerrois_%28PA00085992_1560%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Baroque_architecture" title="Baroque architecture">Baroque</a> pediment of the Pavillon Saint-Germain-l'Auxerrois, part of the <a href="/wiki/Palais_du_Louvre" class="mw-redirect" title="Palais du Louvre">Palais du Louvre</a>, Paris, unknown architect and sculptor, 17th century</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 273.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 271.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dijon_Palais_des_Ducs_de_Bourgogne_02_d%C3%A9tail_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Baroque pediment of the Palace of the Dukes of Burgundy, Dijon, France, by Daniel Gittard after Jules Hardouin-Mansart, 1682-1689"><img alt="Baroque pediment of the Palace of the Dukes of Burgundy, Dijon, France, by Daniel Gittard after Jules Hardouin-Mansart, 1682-1689" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Dijon_Palais_des_Ducs_de_Bourgogne_02_d%C3%A9tail_01.jpg/407px-Dijon_Palais_des_Ducs_de_Bourgogne_02_d%C3%A9tail_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="272" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Dijon_Palais_des_Ducs_de_Bourgogne_02_d%C3%A9tail_01.jpg/611px-Dijon_Palais_des_Ducs_de_Bourgogne_02_d%C3%A9tail_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Dijon_Palais_des_Ducs_de_Bourgogne_02_d%C3%A9tail_01.jpg/813px-Dijon_Palais_des_Ducs_de_Bourgogne_02_d%C3%A9tail_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5708" data-file-height="3162" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Baroque pediment of the <a href="/wiki/Palace_of_the_Dukes_of_Burgundy" title="Palace of the Dukes of Burgundy">Palace of the Dukes of Burgundy</a>, Dijon, France, by <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Gittard" title="Daniel Gittard">Daniel Gittard</a> after <a href="/wiki/Jules_Hardouin-Mansart" title="Jules Hardouin-Mansart">Jules Hardouin-Mansart</a>, 1682-1689</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 212.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pierre_legros,_gloria_di_san_luigi_gonzaga,_1697-99,_01,_altare_con_colonne_di_verde_antico_(cropped_pediments_and_cartouche).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Baroque cartouche and pediments on the Altar of Saint Aloysius Gonzaga, Sant'Ignazio, Rome, by Pierre Le Gros the Younger, 1697-1699"><img alt="Baroque cartouche and pediments on the Altar of Saint Aloysius Gonzaga, Sant'Ignazio, Rome, by Pierre Le Gros the Younger, 1697-1699" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Pierre_legros%2C_gloria_di_san_luigi_gonzaga%2C_1697-99%2C_01%2C_altare_con_colonne_di_verde_antico_%28cropped_pediments_and_cartouche%29.jpg/316px-Pierre_legros%2C_gloria_di_san_luigi_gonzaga%2C_1697-99%2C_01%2C_altare_con_colonne_di_verde_antico_%28cropped_pediments_and_cartouche%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="211" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Pierre_legros%2C_gloria_di_san_luigi_gonzaga%2C_1697-99%2C_01%2C_altare_con_colonne_di_verde_antico_%28cropped_pediments_and_cartouche%29.jpg/475px-Pierre_legros%2C_gloria_di_san_luigi_gonzaga%2C_1697-99%2C_01%2C_altare_con_colonne_di_verde_antico_%28cropped_pediments_and_cartouche%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Pierre_legros%2C_gloria_di_san_luigi_gonzaga%2C_1697-99%2C_01%2C_altare_con_colonne_di_verde_antico_%28cropped_pediments_and_cartouche%29.jpg/632px-Pierre_legros%2C_gloria_di_san_luigi_gonzaga%2C_1697-99%2C_01%2C_altare_con_colonne_di_verde_antico_%28cropped_pediments_and_cartouche%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2230" data-file-height="1589" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Baroque cartouche and pediments on the Altar of Saint <a href="/wiki/Aloysius_Gonzaga" title="Aloysius Gonzaga">Aloysius Gonzaga</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sant%27Ignazio,_Rome" title="Sant'Ignazio, Rome">Sant'Ignazio</a>, Rome, by <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Le_Gros_the_Younger" title="Pierre Le Gros the Younger">Pierre Le Gros the Younger</a>, 1697-1699</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 116.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 114.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:M%C3%BCnster,_Erbdrostenhof_--_2014_--_4011.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Curving Rococo pediment of the Erbdrostenhof, Münster, Germany, by Johann Conrad Schlaun, 1753-1757"><img alt="Curving Rococo pediment of the Erbdrostenhof, Münster, Germany, by Johann Conrad Schlaun, 1753-1757" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/M%C3%BCnster%2C_Erbdrostenhof_--_2014_--_4011.jpg/172px-M%C3%BCnster%2C_Erbdrostenhof_--_2014_--_4011.jpg" decoding="async" width="115" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/M%C3%BCnster%2C_Erbdrostenhof_--_2014_--_4011.jpg/259px-M%C3%BCnster%2C_Erbdrostenhof_--_2014_--_4011.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/M%C3%BCnster%2C_Erbdrostenhof_--_2014_--_4011.jpg/344px-M%C3%BCnster%2C_Erbdrostenhof_--_2014_--_4011.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3200" data-file-height="4180" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Curving <a href="/wiki/Rococo" title="Rococo">Rococo</a> pediment of the <a href="/wiki/Erbdrostenhof" title="Erbdrostenhof">Erbdrostenhof</a>, Münster, Germany, by <a href="/wiki/Johann_Conrad_Schlaun" title="Johann Conrad Schlaun">Johann Conrad Schlaun</a>, 1753-1757</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="From_1750_to_Art_Deco">From 1750 to Art Deco</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pediment&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: From 1750 to Art Deco"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:GCT_glory_of_commerce.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/GCT_glory_of_commerce.jpg/220px-GCT_glory_of_commerce.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/GCT_glory_of_commerce.jpg/330px-GCT_glory_of_commerce.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/GCT_glory_of_commerce.jpg/440px-GCT_glory_of_commerce.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="1802" /></a><figcaption>Beaux Arts broken segmental pediment, <a href="/wiki/Grand_Central_Terminal" title="Grand Central Terminal">Grand Central Terminal</a>, New York City, architects <a href="/wiki/Reed_and_Stem" title="Reed and Stem">Reed and Stem</a> and <a href="/wiki/Warren_and_Wetmore" title="Warren and Wetmore">Warren and Wetmore</a>, sculptor <a href="/wiki/Jules_Coutan" title="Jules Coutan">Jules Coutan</a>, 1903.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHopkins2014135_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHopkins2014135-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Pediments became extremely common on the main facades of <a href="/wiki/English_country_house" title="English country house">English country houses</a>, and many across northern Europe; these might be placed over a porch with columns, or simply decorations to an essentially flat facade. In England, if there was any sculpture within the tympanum, it was often restricted to a <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms" title="Coat of arms">coat of arms</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Neoclassical_architecture" title="Neoclassical architecture">Neoclassical architecture</a> returned to "purer" classical models mostly using conventional triangular pediments, often over a portico with columns. Large schemes of <a href="/wiki/Pedimental_sculpture" title="Pedimental sculpture">pedimental sculpture</a> were used where the budget allowed. In 19th-century styles freer treatments returned, and large segmental pediments were especially popular in eclectic styles such as <a href="/wiki/Beaux-Arts_architecture" title="Beaux-Arts architecture">Beaux-Arts architecture</a>, often overwhelmed by sculpture within, above, and to the sides. </p><p>Large pediments with columns, often called the "temple front", became widely used for important public buildings such as <a href="/wiki/Stock_exchange" title="Stock exchange">stock exchanges</a>, <a href="/wiki/Reserve_bank" class="mw-redirect" title="Reserve bank">reserve banks</a>, law courts, legislatures, and museums, where an impression of solidity, reliability, and respectability was desired. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 102px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 100px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Petit_Trianon,_th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_de_la_Reine,_entr%C3%A9e.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Louis XVI style pediment with a putto of the Théâtre de la reine, part of the Petit Trianon, France, by Richard Mique, c.1780"><img alt="Louis XVI style pediment with a putto of the Théâtre de la reine, part of the Petit Trianon, France, by Richard Mique, c.1780" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Petit_Trianon%2C_th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_de_la_Reine%2C_entr%C3%A9e.jpg/150px-Petit_Trianon%2C_th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_de_la_Reine%2C_entr%C3%A9e.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Petit_Trianon%2C_th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_de_la_Reine%2C_entr%C3%A9e.jpg/225px-Petit_Trianon%2C_th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_de_la_Reine%2C_entr%C3%A9e.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Petit_Trianon%2C_th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_de_la_Reine%2C_entr%C3%A9e.jpg/300px-Petit_Trianon%2C_th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_de_la_Reine%2C_entr%C3%A9e.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3368" data-file-height="5052" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Louis_XVI_style" title="Louis XVI style">Louis XVI style</a> pediment with a <a href="/wiki/Putto" title="Putto">putto</a> of the Théâtre de la reine, part of the <a href="/wiki/Petit_Trianon" title="Petit Trianon">Petit Trianon</a>, France, by <a href="/wiki/Richard_Mique" title="Richard Mique">Richard Mique</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr>1780</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 158.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 156.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Petit_Trianon_-_Belv%C3%A9d%C3%A8re_2012.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Louis XVI style pediment of the Belvédère, part of the Petit Trianon, by Richard Mique, completed in 1781[27]"><img alt="Louis XVI style pediment of the Belvédère, part of the Petit Trianon, by Richard Mique, completed in 1781[27]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Petit_Trianon_-_Belv%C3%A9d%C3%A8re_2012.jpg/235px-Petit_Trianon_-_Belv%C3%A9d%C3%A8re_2012.jpg" decoding="async" width="157" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Petit_Trianon_-_Belv%C3%A9d%C3%A8re_2012.jpg/352px-Petit_Trianon_-_Belv%C3%A9d%C3%A8re_2012.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Petit_Trianon_-_Belv%C3%A9d%C3%A8re_2012.jpg/469px-Petit_Trianon_-_Belv%C3%A9d%C3%A8re_2012.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2848" data-file-height="2732" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Louis XVI style pediment of the <a href="/wiki/Belv%C3%A9d%C3%A8re_(Petit_Trianon)" title="Belvédère (Petit Trianon)">Belvédère</a>, part of the Petit Trianon, by Richard Mique, completed in 1781<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 227.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 225.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%C3%89glise_St_Vincent_Paul_Paris_6.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Neoclassical pediment of the Church of Saint-Vincent-de-Paul, Paris, by Jacques Ignace Hittorff, 1830-1846[28]"><img alt="Neoclassical pediment of the Church of Saint-Vincent-de-Paul, Paris, by Jacques Ignace Hittorff, 1830-1846[28]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/%C3%89glise_St_Vincent_Paul_Paris_6.jpg/338px-%C3%89glise_St_Vincent_Paul_Paris_6.jpg" decoding="async" width="226" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/%C3%89glise_St_Vincent_Paul_Paris_6.jpg/507px-%C3%89glise_St_Vincent_Paul_Paris_6.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/%C3%89glise_St_Vincent_Paul_Paris_6.jpg/675px-%C3%89glise_St_Vincent_Paul_Paris_6.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Neoclassical_architecture" title="Neoclassical architecture">Neoclassical</a> pediment of the <a href="/wiki/Saint-Vincent-de-Paul,_Paris" title="Saint-Vincent-de-Paul, Paris">Church of Saint-Vincent-de-Paul</a>, Paris, by <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Ignace_Hittorff" title="Jacques Ignace Hittorff">Jacques Ignace Hittorff</a>, 1830-1846<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 227.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 225.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fontaine_St_Michel_Paris_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Baroque Revival pediment of the Fontaine Saint-Michel, Paris, by Gabriel Davioud, 1858[29]"><img alt="Baroque Revival pediment of the Fontaine Saint-Michel, Paris, by Gabriel Davioud, 1858[29]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Fontaine_St_Michel_Paris_2.jpg/338px-Fontaine_St_Michel_Paris_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="226" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Fontaine_St_Michel_Paris_2.jpg/507px-Fontaine_St_Michel_Paris_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Fontaine_St_Michel_Paris_2.jpg/675px-Fontaine_St_Michel_Paris_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Baroque_Revival_architecture" title="Baroque Revival architecture">Baroque Revival</a> pediment of the <a href="/wiki/Fontaine_Saint-Michel" title="Fontaine Saint-Michel">Fontaine Saint-Michel</a>, Paris, by <a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Davioud" title="Gabriel Davioud">Gabriel Davioud</a>, 1858<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 227.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 225.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:D%C3%A9tail_fa%C3%A7ade_principale_Palais_Garnier_Paris_13.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Beaux-Arts pediment with sculptures on the facade of the Palais Garnier, Paris, by Charles Garnier, 1861-1874[30]"><img alt="Beaux-Arts pediment with sculptures on the facade of the Palais Garnier, Paris, by Charles Garnier, 1861-1874[30]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/D%C3%A9tail_fa%C3%A7ade_principale_Palais_Garnier_Paris_13.jpg/338px-D%C3%A9tail_fa%C3%A7ade_principale_Palais_Garnier_Paris_13.jpg" decoding="async" width="226" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/D%C3%A9tail_fa%C3%A7ade_principale_Palais_Garnier_Paris_13.jpg/507px-D%C3%A9tail_fa%C3%A7ade_principale_Palais_Garnier_Paris_13.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/D%C3%A9tail_fa%C3%A7ade_principale_Palais_Garnier_Paris_13.jpg/675px-D%C3%A9tail_fa%C3%A7ade_principale_Palais_Garnier_Paris_13.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Beaux-Arts_architecture" title="Beaux-Arts architecture">Beaux-Arts</a> pediment with sculptures on the facade of the <a href="/wiki/Palais_Garnier" title="Palais Garnier">Palais Garnier</a>, Paris, by <a href="/wiki/Charles_Garnier_(architect)" title="Charles Garnier (architect)">Charles Garnier</a>, 1861-1874<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 225.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 223.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Berl%C3%ADn,_Antigua_Galer%C3%ADa_Nacional_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Neoclassical pediment of the Alte Nationalgalerie, Berlin, Germany, by Friedrich August Stüler and Heinrich Strack, 1865-1869[31]"><img alt="Neoclassical pediment of the Alte Nationalgalerie, Berlin, Germany, by Friedrich August Stüler and Heinrich Strack, 1865-1869[31]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Berl%C3%ADn%2C_Antigua_Galer%C3%ADa_Nacional_1.jpg/335px-Berl%C3%ADn%2C_Antigua_Galer%C3%ADa_Nacional_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="224" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Berl%C3%ADn%2C_Antigua_Galer%C3%ADa_Nacional_1.jpg/503px-Berl%C3%ADn%2C_Antigua_Galer%C3%ADa_Nacional_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Berl%C3%ADn%2C_Antigua_Galer%C3%ADa_Nacional_1.jpg/669px-Berl%C3%ADn%2C_Antigua_Galer%C3%ADa_Nacional_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4140" data-file-height="2784" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Neoclassical pediment of the <a href="/wiki/Alte_Nationalgalerie" title="Alte Nationalgalerie">Alte Nationalgalerie</a>, Berlin, Germany, by <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_August_St%C3%BCler" title="Friedrich August Stüler">Friedrich August Stüler</a> and <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Strack" title="Heinrich Strack">Heinrich Strack</a>, 1865-1869<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 114.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 112.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lyon_6e_-_Boulevard_des_Belges,_entr%C3%A9e_du_mus%C3%A9e_Guimet.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Neoclassical pediment with acroteria of a door of the Musée d'histoire naturelle - Guimet, Lyon, France, by Jules Chatron, 1879[32]"><img alt="Neoclassical pediment with acroteria of a door of the Musée d'histoire naturelle - Guimet, Lyon, France, by Jules Chatron, 1879[32]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Lyon_6e_-_Boulevard_des_Belges%2C_entr%C3%A9e_du_mus%C3%A9e_Guimet.jpg/169px-Lyon_6e_-_Boulevard_des_Belges%2C_entr%C3%A9e_du_mus%C3%A9e_Guimet.jpg" decoding="async" width="113" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Lyon_6e_-_Boulevard_des_Belges%2C_entr%C3%A9e_du_mus%C3%A9e_Guimet.jpg/253px-Lyon_6e_-_Boulevard_des_Belges%2C_entr%C3%A9e_du_mus%C3%A9e_Guimet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Lyon_6e_-_Boulevard_des_Belges%2C_entr%C3%A9e_du_mus%C3%A9e_Guimet.jpg/337px-Lyon_6e_-_Boulevard_des_Belges%2C_entr%C3%A9e_du_mus%C3%A9e_Guimet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3096" data-file-height="4128" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Neoclassical pediment with <a href="/wiki/Acroterion" title="Acroterion">acroteria</a> of a door of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mus%C3%A9e_d%27histoire_naturelle_-_Guimet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Musée d'histoire naturelle - Guimet (page does not exist)">Musée d'histoire naturelle - Guimet</a>, Lyon, France, by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jules_Chatron&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jules Chatron (page does not exist)">Jules Chatron</a>, 1879<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 114.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 112.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:H%C3%B4tel_Caisse_%C3%89pargne_-_Dijon_(FR21)_-_2022-04-16_-_6.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Renaissance Revival pediment of the Hôtel de la Caisse d'épargne de Dijon (Rue des Bons-Enfants no. 8), Dijon, France, by Arthur Chaudouet, 1889-1890"><img alt="Renaissance Revival pediment of the Hôtel de la Caisse d'épargne de Dijon (Rue des Bons-Enfants no. 8), Dijon, France, by Arthur Chaudouet, 1889-1890" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/H%C3%B4tel_Caisse_%C3%89pargne_-_Dijon_%28FR21%29_-_2022-04-16_-_6.jpg/169px-H%C3%B4tel_Caisse_%C3%89pargne_-_Dijon_%28FR21%29_-_2022-04-16_-_6.jpg" decoding="async" width="113" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/H%C3%B4tel_Caisse_%C3%89pargne_-_Dijon_%28FR21%29_-_2022-04-16_-_6.jpg/253px-H%C3%B4tel_Caisse_%C3%89pargne_-_Dijon_%28FR21%29_-_2022-04-16_-_6.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/H%C3%B4tel_Caisse_%C3%89pargne_-_Dijon_%28FR21%29_-_2022-04-16_-_6.jpg/337px-H%C3%B4tel_Caisse_%C3%89pargne_-_Dijon_%28FR21%29_-_2022-04-16_-_6.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3024" data-file-height="4032" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Renaissance_Revival_architecture" title="Renaissance Revival architecture">Renaissance Revival</a> pediment of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C3%B4tel_de_la_Caisse_d%27%C3%A9pargne_de_Dijon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hôtel de la Caisse d'épargne de Dijon (page does not exist)">Hôtel de la Caisse d'épargne de Dijon</a> (Rue des Bons-Enfants no. 8), <a href="/wiki/Dijon" title="Dijon">Dijon</a>, France, by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arthur_Chaudouet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arthur Chaudouet (page does not exist)">Arthur Chaudouet</a>, 1889-1890</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 103.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 101.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:3-5,_Strada_Icoanei,_Bucharest_(Romania)_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Romanian Revival door pediment of the Școala Centrală National College, Bucharest, Romania, by Ion Mincu, 1890"><img alt="Romanian Revival door pediment of the Școala Centrală National College, Bucharest, Romania, by Ion Mincu, 1890" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/3-5%2C_Strada_Icoanei%2C_Bucharest_%28Romania%29_1.jpg/152px-3-5%2C_Strada_Icoanei%2C_Bucharest_%28Romania%29_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="102" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/3-5%2C_Strada_Icoanei%2C_Bucharest_%28Romania%29_1.jpg/228px-3-5%2C_Strada_Icoanei%2C_Bucharest_%28Romania%29_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/3-5%2C_Strada_Icoanei%2C_Bucharest_%28Romania%29_1.jpg/304px-3-5%2C_Strada_Icoanei%2C_Bucharest_%28Romania%29_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2687" data-file-height="3980" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Revival_architecture" title="Romanian Revival architecture">Romanian Revival</a> door pediment of the <a href="/wiki/%C8%98coala_Central%C4%83_National_College" title="Școala Centrală National College">Școala Centrală National College</a>, Bucharest, Romania, by <a href="/wiki/Ion_Mincu" title="Ion Mincu">Ion Mincu</a>, 1890</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 110.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 108.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Masonic_Temple,_Crown_Street,_Aberdeen,_first_floor_detail_main_facade,_Harbourne_Maclennan,_Jenkins_and_Marr,_1910.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Open pediment above an arch; Masonic Temple, Aberdeen, 1910"><img alt="Open pediment above an arch; Masonic Temple, Aberdeen, 1910" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Masonic_Temple%2C_Crown_Street%2C_Aberdeen%2C_first_floor_detail_main_facade%2C_Harbourne_Maclennan%2C_Jenkins_and_Marr%2C_1910.jpg/163px-Masonic_Temple%2C_Crown_Street%2C_Aberdeen%2C_first_floor_detail_main_facade%2C_Harbourne_Maclennan%2C_Jenkins_and_Marr%2C_1910.jpg" decoding="async" width="109" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Masonic_Temple%2C_Crown_Street%2C_Aberdeen%2C_first_floor_detail_main_facade%2C_Harbourne_Maclennan%2C_Jenkins_and_Marr%2C_1910.jpg/244px-Masonic_Temple%2C_Crown_Street%2C_Aberdeen%2C_first_floor_detail_main_facade%2C_Harbourne_Maclennan%2C_Jenkins_and_Marr%2C_1910.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Masonic_Temple%2C_Crown_Street%2C_Aberdeen%2C_first_floor_detail_main_facade%2C_Harbourne_Maclennan%2C_Jenkins_and_Marr%2C_1910.jpg/325px-Masonic_Temple%2C_Crown_Street%2C_Aberdeen%2C_first_floor_detail_main_facade%2C_Harbourne_Maclennan%2C_Jenkins_and_Marr%2C_1910.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1696" data-file-height="2344" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Open pediment above an arch; Masonic Temple, <a href="/wiki/Aberdeen" title="Aberdeen">Aberdeen</a>, 1910</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 187.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 185.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:44_Calea_C%C4%83l%C4%83ra%C8%99ilor,_Bucharest_(12).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Art Deco pediment of the Mihai Zisman House (Calea Călărașilor no. 44), Bucharest, by architect Soru, 1920"><img alt="Art Deco pediment of the Mihai Zisman House (Calea Călărașilor no. 44), Bucharest, by architect Soru, 1920" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/44_Calea_C%C4%83l%C4%83ra%C8%99ilor%2C_Bucharest_%2812%29.jpg/278px-44_Calea_C%C4%83l%C4%83ra%C8%99ilor%2C_Bucharest_%2812%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="186" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/44_Calea_C%C4%83l%C4%83ra%C8%99ilor%2C_Bucharest_%2812%29.jpg/417px-44_Calea_C%C4%83l%C4%83ra%C8%99ilor%2C_Bucharest_%2812%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/44_Calea_C%C4%83l%C4%83ra%C8%99ilor%2C_Bucharest_%2812%29.jpg/555px-44_Calea_C%C4%83l%C4%83ra%C8%99ilor%2C_Bucharest_%2812%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3522" data-file-height="2854" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Art_Deco" title="Art Deco">Art Deco</a> pediment of the Mihai Zisman House (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Calea_C%C4%83l%C4%83ra%C8%99ilor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Calea Călărașilor (page does not exist)">Calea Călărașilor</a> no. 44), Bucharest, by architect Soru, 1920</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 102px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 100px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Louisiana_State_Capitol_-_Ad_Astra_(33297407125).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Art Deco near-pediment of the Louisiana State Capitol, 1930-1932"><img alt="Art Deco near-pediment of the Louisiana State Capitol, 1930-1932" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Louisiana_State_Capitol_-_Ad_Astra_%2833297407125%29.jpg/150px-Louisiana_State_Capitol_-_Ad_Astra_%2833297407125%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Louisiana_State_Capitol_-_Ad_Astra_%2833297407125%29.jpg/225px-Louisiana_State_Capitol_-_Ad_Astra_%2833297407125%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Louisiana_State_Capitol_-_Ad_Astra_%2833297407125%29.jpg/300px-Louisiana_State_Capitol_-_Ad_Astra_%2833297407125%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="2400" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Art Deco near-pediment of the <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_State_Capitol" title="Louisiana State Capitol">Louisiana State Capitol</a>, 1930-1932</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 196px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 194px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:B%C3%A2timent_%C3%A0_l%27angle_du_Quai_Conti_et_de_la_rue_Dauphine_(d%C3%A9tail).JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Art Deco pediment of the Carrefour Curie (Quai de Conti no. 1-3), Paris, by Joseph Marrast and Charles Letrosne, 1932[33]"><img alt="Art Deco pediment of the Carrefour Curie (Quai de Conti no. 1-3), Paris, by Joseph Marrast and Charles Letrosne, 1932[33]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/B%C3%A2timent_%C3%A0_l%27angle_du_Quai_Conti_et_de_la_rue_Dauphine_%28d%C3%A9tail%29.JPG/291px-B%C3%A2timent_%C3%A0_l%27angle_du_Quai_Conti_et_de_la_rue_Dauphine_%28d%C3%A9tail%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="194" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/B%C3%A2timent_%C3%A0_l%27angle_du_Quai_Conti_et_de_la_rue_Dauphine_%28d%C3%A9tail%29.JPG/436px-B%C3%A2timent_%C3%A0_l%27angle_du_Quai_Conti_et_de_la_rue_Dauphine_%28d%C3%A9tail%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/B%C3%A2timent_%C3%A0_l%27angle_du_Quai_Conti_et_de_la_rue_Dauphine_%28d%C3%A9tail%29.JPG/581px-B%C3%A2timent_%C3%A0_l%27angle_du_Quai_Conti_et_de_la_rue_Dauphine_%28d%C3%A9tail%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4117" data-file-height="3190" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Art Deco pediment of the Carrefour Curie (Quai de Conti no. 1-3), Paris, by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Marrast&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joseph Marrast (page does not exist)">Joseph Marrast</a> and <a href="/wiki/Charles_Letrosne" title="Charles Letrosne">Charles Letrosne</a>, 1932<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Postmodern_reinterpretations">Postmodern reinterpretations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pediment&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Postmodern reinterpretations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sony_Building_by_David_Shankbone_crop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Sony_Building_by_David_Shankbone_crop.jpg/220px-Sony_Building_by_David_Shankbone_crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="377" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Sony_Building_by_David_Shankbone_crop.jpg/330px-Sony_Building_by_David_Shankbone_crop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Sony_Building_by_David_Shankbone_crop.jpg/440px-Sony_Building_by_David_Shankbone_crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1365" data-file-height="2337" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/550_Madison_Avenue" title="550 Madison Avenue">550 Madison Avenue</a>, New York, by <a href="/wiki/Philip_Johnson" title="Philip Johnson">Philip Johnson</a>, 1981-1984<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHopkins2014203_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHopkins2014203-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Postmodernism" title="Postmodernism">Postmodernism</a>, a movement that questioned <a href="/wiki/Modernism" title="Modernism">Modernism</a> (the <a href="/wiki/Status_quo" title="Status quo">status quo</a> after WW2), promoted the inclusion of elements of historic styles in new designs. An early text questioning Modernism was by architect <a href="/wiki/Robert_Venturi" title="Robert Venturi">Robert Venturi</a>, <i>Complexity and Contradiction in Architecture</i> (1966), in which he recommended a revival of the 'presence of the past' in architectural design. He tried to include in his own buildings qualities that he described as 'inclusion, inconsistency, compromise, accommodation, adaptation, superadjacency, equivalence, multiple focus, juxtaposition, or good and bad space.'<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Venturi encouraged 'quotation', which means reusing elements of the past in new designs. Part manifesto, part architectural scrapbook accumulated over the previous decade, the book represented the vision for a new generation of architects and designers who had grown up with Modernism but who felt increasingly constrained by its perceived rigidities. Multiple Postmodern architects and designers put simplified reinterpretations of the pediment found in Classical decoration at the top of their creations. As with other elements and ornaments taken from styles of the pre-Modern past, they were in most cases highly simplified. Especially when it comes to office architecture, Postmodernism was only skin deep; the underlying structure was usually very similar, if not identical, to that of Modernist buildings.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHopkins2014200,_203_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHopkins2014200,_203-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1984 <a href="/wiki/Philip_Johnson" title="Philip Johnson">Philip Johnson</a> designed what is now called <a href="/wiki/550_Madison_Avenue" title="550 Madison Avenue">550 Madison Avenue</a> in New York City (formerly known as the Sony Tower, Sony Plaza, and AT&T Building), a famous work of <a href="/wiki/Post-Modern_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Post-Modern architecture">Post-Modern architecture</a>, where a broken pediment at the top of a typical <a href="/wiki/Skyscraper" title="Skyscraper">skyscraper</a> wittily evokes a <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Chippendale" title="Thomas Chippendale">Thomas Chippendale</a>-style <a href="/wiki/Tallboy_(furniture)" title="Tallboy (furniture)">tallboy</a> at a massive scale. <a href="/wiki/Marco_Polo_House" title="Marco Polo House">Marco Polo House</a> in London (1989, now demolished) was similar. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Schullin_Kohlmarkt_2.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Schullin II jewelry boutique, Vienna, Austria, by Hans Hollein, 1982[37]"><img alt="Schullin II jewelry boutique, Vienna, Austria, by Hans Hollein, 1982[37]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Schullin_Kohlmarkt_2.JPG/240px-Schullin_Kohlmarkt_2.JPG" decoding="async" width="160" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Schullin_Kohlmarkt_2.JPG/361px-Schullin_Kohlmarkt_2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Schullin_Kohlmarkt_2.JPG/480px-Schullin_Kohlmarkt_2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3033" data-file-height="2841" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Schullin II jewelry boutique, <a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a>, Austria, by <a href="/wiki/Hans_Hollein" title="Hans Hollein">Hans Hollein</a>, 1982<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 138px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 136px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Amoreiras_-_Lisboa_-_Portugal_(51248936123)_(cropped_pediments).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Torres das Amoreiras, Lisbon, Portugal, by Tomás Taveira, 1986[38]"><img alt="Torres das Amoreiras, Lisbon, Portugal, by Tomás Taveira, 1986[38]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Amoreiras_-_Lisboa_-_Portugal_%2851248936123%29_%28cropped_pediments%29.jpg/204px-Amoreiras_-_Lisboa_-_Portugal_%2851248936123%29_%28cropped_pediments%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="136" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Amoreiras_-_Lisboa_-_Portugal_%2851248936123%29_%28cropped_pediments%29.jpg/306px-Amoreiras_-_Lisboa_-_Portugal_%2851248936123%29_%28cropped_pediments%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Amoreiras_-_Lisboa_-_Portugal_%2851248936123%29_%28cropped_pediments%29.jpg/408px-Amoreiras_-_Lisboa_-_Portugal_%2851248936123%29_%28cropped_pediments%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="653" data-file-height="721" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Torres_das_Amoreiras&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Torres das Amoreiras (page does not exist)">Torres das Amoreiras</a>, Lisbon, Portugal, by <a href="/wiki/Tom%C3%A1s_Taveira" title="Tomás Taveira">Tomás Taveira</a>, 1986<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 136px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 134px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pumping_station,_Stewart_Street_(geograph_4678320).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Isle of Dogs Pumping Station, London, John Outram, 1988[39]"><img alt="The Isle of Dogs Pumping Station, London, John Outram, 1988[39]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Pumping_station%2C_Stewart_Street_%28geograph_4678320%29.jpg/201px-Pumping_station%2C_Stewart_Street_%28geograph_4678320%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="134" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Pumping_station%2C_Stewart_Street_%28geograph_4678320%29.jpg/303px-Pumping_station%2C_Stewart_Street_%28geograph_4678320%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Pumping_station%2C_Stewart_Street_%28geograph_4678320%29.jpg/403px-Pumping_station%2C_Stewart_Street_%28geograph_4678320%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="573" data-file-height="640" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The <a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Dogs_Pumping_Station" title="Isle of Dogs Pumping Station">Isle of Dogs Pumping Station</a>, London, <a href="/wiki/John_Outram" title="John Outram">John Outram</a>, 1988<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 202px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Marco_Polo_House_(brighter_cropped_version).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Marco Polo House, London, by Ian Pollard, 1987-1989"><img alt="Marco Polo House, London, by Ian Pollard, 1987-1989" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Marco_Polo_House_%28brighter_cropped_version%29.jpg/300px-Marco_Polo_House_%28brighter_cropped_version%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Marco_Polo_House_%28brighter_cropped_version%29.jpg/451px-Marco_Polo_House_%28brighter_cropped_version%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Marco_Polo_House_%28brighter_cropped_version%29.jpg/600px-Marco_Polo_House_%28brighter_cropped_version%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3797" data-file-height="2848" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Marco_Polo_House" title="Marco Polo House">Marco Polo House</a>, London, by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ian_Pollard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ian Pollard (page does not exist)">Ian Pollard</a>, 1987-1989</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pediment&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pedimental_sculptures_in_Canada" title="Pedimental sculptures in Canada">Pedimental sculptures in Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedimental_sculptures_in_the_United_States" title="Pedimental sculptures in the United States">Pedimental sculptures in the United States</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pediment&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Summerson, 130</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Summerson, 28</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Luebke-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Luebke_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFLuebke1878" class="citation book cs1">Luebke, Wilhelm (1 January 1878). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=i80MAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA468"><i>History of Sculpture from the Earliest Ages to the Present Time: Tr. by F.E. Bunnètt, Volume 2</i></a>. Smith. p. 468<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+Sculpture+from+the+Earliest+Ages+to+the+Present+Time%3A+Tr.+by+F.E.+Bunn%C3%A8tt%2C+Volume+2&rft.pages=468&rft.pub=Smith&rft.date=1878-01-01&rft.aulast=Luebke&rft.aufirst=Wilhelm&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Di80MAQAAIAAJ%26pg%3DPA468&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APediment" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Or "slanting cornice" by Lawrence, xxx & xxxi</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSturgis1896" class="citation book cs1">Sturgis, Russell (1896). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=L7AaAAAAYAAJ"><i>European Architecture: A Historical Study</i></a>. The New York Public Library: Macmillan. pp. 3, 558.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=European+Architecture%3A+A+Historical+Study&rft.place=The+New+York+Public+Library&rft.pages=3%2C+558&rft.pub=Macmillan&rft.date=1896&rft.aulast=Sturgis&rft.aufirst=Russell&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DL7AaAAAAYAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APediment" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Summerson, 130</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Summerson, 130</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lawrence, 113-114</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChisholm1911">Chisholm (1911)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Summerson, 130</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Summerson, 130</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Broken and open pediments are often confused by sources unfamiliar with the correct terminology, although some pediments can reasonably be described as both. See <a href="/wiki/John_Fleming_(art_historian)" title="John Fleming (art historian)">John Fleming</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Honour" title="Hugh Honour">Hugh Honour</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nikolaus_Pevsner" title="Nikolaus Pevsner">Nikolaus Pevsner</a>, <i>The Penguin Dictionary of Architecture</i>, 240, 3rd edn, 1980, Penguin, ISBN 0140510133. They recommend using "open-topped" or "broken-apex" and "open-bed" or "broken-bed", but these cannot be said to have caught on.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Furman</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Summerson, 25, 39</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKimballEdgell1918" class="citation book cs1">Kimball, Fiske; Edgell, George Harold (1918). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vUsAAAAAYAAJ"><i>A History of Architecture</i></a>. Harper & Brothers. pp. 108, 118, 144, 423.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Architecture&rft.pages=108%2C+118%2C+144%2C+423&rft.pub=Harper+%26+Brothers&rft.date=1918&rft.aulast=Kimball&rft.aufirst=Fiske&rft.au=Edgell%2C+George+Harold&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DvUsAAAAAYAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APediment" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lawrence, 190, Plate 95B</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Favro, Diane, entry in the <i>Encyclopedia of the History of Classical Archaeology</i>, p. 65, 2015, ed. Nancy Thomson de Grummond, Taylor & Francis, ISBN 9781134268542, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LeE4CQAAQBAJ&pg=PA65">google books</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEastmond2013" class="citation book cs1">Eastmond, Anthony (2013). <i>The Glory of Byzantium and early Christendom</i>. Phaidon. p. 45. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7148-4810-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7148-4810-5"><bdi>978-0-7148-4810-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Glory+of+Byzantium+and+early+Christendom&rft.pages=45&rft.pub=Phaidon&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-0-7148-4810-5&rft.aulast=Eastmond&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APediment" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Yarwood, 312-314; Summerson, 78-79</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Herbert_Moore" title="Charles Herbert Moore">Charles Herbert Moore</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=b1vMEAAAQBAJ&pg=PT74"><i>Character of Renaissance Architecture</i></a>, 74, 1905</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Summerson, illus 41</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRiegl2010" class="citation book cs1">Riegl, Alois (30 November 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RvkatVCWEmgC"><i>The Origins of Baroque Art in Rome</i></a>. Los Angeles, California: Getty Publications. p. 143. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-606-06041-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-606-06041-4"><bdi>978-1-606-06041-4</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 February</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Origins+of+Baroque+Art+in+Rome&rft.place=Los+Angeles%2C+California&rft.pages=143&rft.pub=Getty+Publications&rft.date=2010-11-30&rft.isbn=978-1-606-06041-4&rft.aulast=Riegl&rft.aufirst=Alois&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRvkatVCWEmgC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APediment" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Herbert_Moore" title="Charles Herbert Moore">Charles Herbert Moore</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=b1vMEAAAQBAJ&pg=PT196"><i>Character of Renaissance Architecture</i></a>, 109-110, 1905</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Summerson, 78-79</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Furman</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHopkins2014135-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHopkins2014135_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHopkins2014">Hopkins 2014</a>, p. 135.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://en.chateauversailles.fr/discover/estate/estate-trianon/english-gardens#the-belvedere">"the english gardens"</a>. <i>en.chateauversailles.fr</i>. 11 February 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 September</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=en.chateauversailles.fr&rft.atitle=the+english+gardens&rft.date=2020-02-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.chateauversailles.fr%2Fdiscover%2Festate%2Festate-trianon%2Fenglish-gardens%23the-belvedere&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APediment" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWatkin2022" class="citation book cs1">Watkin, David (2022). <i>A History of Western Architecture</i>. Laurence King. p. 444. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-52942-030-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-52942-030-2"><bdi>978-1-52942-030-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Western+Architecture&rft.pages=444&rft.pub=Laurence+King&rft.date=2022&rft.isbn=978-1-52942-030-2&rft.aulast=Watkin&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APediment" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWatkin2022" class="citation book cs1">Watkin, David (2022). <i>A History of Western Architecture</i>. Laurence King. p. 445. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-52942-030-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-52942-030-2"><bdi>978-1-52942-030-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Western+Architecture&rft.pages=445&rft.pub=Laurence+King&rft.date=2022&rft.isbn=978-1-52942-030-2&rft.aulast=Watkin&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APediment" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobertson2022" class="citation book cs1">Robertson, Hutton (2022). <i>The History of Art - From Prehistory to Presentday - A Global View</i>. Thames & Hudson. p. 989. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-500-02236-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-500-02236-8"><bdi>978-0-500-02236-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+History+of+Art+-+From+Prehistory+to+Presentday+-+A+Global+View&rft.pages=989&rft.pub=Thames+%26+Hudson&rft.date=2022&rft.isbn=978-0-500-02236-8&rft.aulast=Robertson&rft.aufirst=Hutton&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APediment" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWatkin2022" class="citation book cs1">Watkin, David (2022). <i>A History of Western Architecture</i>. Laurence King. p. 483. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-52942-030-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-52942-030-2"><bdi>978-1-52942-030-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Western+Architecture&rft.pages=483&rft.pub=Laurence+King&rft.date=2022&rft.isbn=978-1-52942-030-2&rft.aulast=Watkin&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APediment" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.guimet.fr/fr/musee-guimet/emile-guimet-fondateur-du-musee">"Emile Guimet, fondateur du musée"</a>. <i>guimet.fr</i>. 14 January 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=guimet.fr&rft.atitle=Emile+Guimet%2C+fondateur+du+mus%C3%A9e&rft.date=2015-01-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.guimet.fr%2Ffr%2Fmusee-guimet%2Femile-guimet-fondateur-du-musee&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APediment" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCriticos2009" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Criticos, Mihaela (2009). <i>Art Deco sau Modernismul Bine Temperat - Art Deco or Well-Tempered Modernism</i> (in Romanian and English). SIMETRIA. p. 192. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-973-1872-03-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-973-1872-03-2"><bdi>978-973-1872-03-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Art+Deco+sau+Modernismul+Bine+Temperat+-+Art+Deco+or+Well-Tempered+Modernism&rft.pages=192&rft.pub=SIMETRIA&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-973-1872-03-2&rft.aulast=Criticos&rft.aufirst=Mihaela&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APediment" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHopkins2014203-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHopkins2014203_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHopkins2014">Hopkins 2014</a>, p. 203.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWatkin2022" class="citation book cs1">Watkin, David (2022). <i>A History of Western Architecture</i>. Laurence King. p. 660. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-52942-030-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-52942-030-2"><bdi>978-1-52942-030-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Western+Architecture&rft.pages=660&rft.pub=Laurence+King&rft.date=2022&rft.isbn=978-1-52942-030-2&rft.aulast=Watkin&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APediment" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHopkins2014200,_203-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHopkins2014200,_203_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHopkins2014">Hopkins 2014</a>, p. 200, 203.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGura2017" class="citation book cs1">Gura, Judith (2017). <i>Postmodern Design Complete</i>. Thames & Hudson. p. 98. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-500-51914-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-500-51914-1"><bdi>978-0-500-51914-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Postmodern+Design+Complete&rft.pages=98&rft.pub=Thames+%26+Hudson&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-0-500-51914-1&rft.aulast=Gura&rft.aufirst=Judith&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APediment" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGura2017" class="citation book cs1">Gura, Judith (2017). <i>Postmodern Design Complete</i>. Thames & Hudson. p. 98. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-500-51914-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-500-51914-1"><bdi>978-0-500-51914-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Postmodern+Design+Complete&rft.pages=98&rft.pub=Thames+%26+Hudson&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-0-500-51914-1&rft.aulast=Gura&rft.aufirst=Judith&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APediment" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGura2017" class="citation book cs1">Gura, Judith (2017). <i>Postmodern Design Complete</i>. Thames & Hudson. p. 121. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-500-51914-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-500-51914-1"><bdi>978-0-500-51914-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Postmodern+Design+Complete&rft.pages=121&rft.pub=Thames+%26+Hudson&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-0-500-51914-1&rft.aulast=Gura&rft.aufirst=Judith&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APediment" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pediment&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Pediment"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Pediment">"Pediment" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 21 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 37.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Pediment&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=37&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APediment" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Furman, Adam Nathaniel , <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ribaj.com/culture/seven-best-broken-pediments">"Seven broken pediments"</a>, 14 July 2014, <i>The <a href="/wiki/RIBA" class="mw-redirect" title="RIBA">RIBA</a> Journal</i> blog</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHopkins2014" class="citation book cs1">Hopkins, Owen (2014). <i>Architectural Styles: A Visual Guide</i>. Laurence King. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-178067-163-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-178067-163-5"><bdi>978-178067-163-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Architectural+Styles%3A+A+Visual+Guide&rft.pub=Laurence+King&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-178067-163-5&rft.aulast=Hopkins&rft.aufirst=Owen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APediment" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._W._Lawrence" title="A. W. Lawrence">Lawrence, A. W.</a>, <i>Greek Architecture</i>, 1957, Penguin, Pelican history of art</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLewis_&_al.1986" class="citation cs2">Lewis, Philippa; et al. (1986), <i>Dictionary of Ornament</i>, New York: Pantheon</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+Ornament&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Pantheon&rft.date=1986&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=Philippa&rft.au=Gillian+Darley&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APediment" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Summerson" title="John Summerson">Summerson, John</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Classical_Language_of_Architecture" title="The Classical Language of Architecture">The Classical Language of Architecture</a></i>, 1980 edition, <a href="/wiki/Thames_and_Hudson" class="mw-redirect" title="Thames and Hudson">Thames and Hudson</a> <i>World of Art</i> series, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0500201773" title="Special:BookSources/0500201773">0500201773</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doreen_Yarwood" title="Doreen Yarwood">Yarwood, Doreen</a>, <i>The Architecture of Europe</i>, 1987 (first edn. 1974), Spring Books, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0600554309" title="Special:BookSources/0600554309">0600554309</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pediment&oldid=1237400277">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pediment&oldid=1237400277</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ancient_Roman_architectural_elements" title="Category:Ancient Roman architectural elements">Ancient Roman architectural elements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Architectural_elements" title="Category:Architectural elements">Architectural elements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Columns_and_entablature" title="Category:Columns and entablature">Columns and entablature</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Romanian-language_sources_(ro)" title="Category:CS1 Romanian-language sources (ro)">CS1 Romanian-language sources (ro)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_a_citation_from_the_1911_Encyclopaedia_Britannica_with_Wikisource_reference" title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference">Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 29 July 2024, at 16:19<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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