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2006–2012: Reformation and comeback releases </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2006–2012:_Reformation_and_comeback_releases-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2013–2019:_Return_to_prominence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2013–2019:_Return_to_prominence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.5 2013–2019: Return to prominence </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2013–2019:_Return_to_prominence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2020–present:_Continued_acknowledgement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2020–present:_Continued_acknowledgement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.6 2020–present: Continued acknowledgement </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2020–present:_Continued_acknowledgement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Artistry_and_image" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a 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id="toc-Subsequent_reinventions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Subsequent_reinventions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Subsequent reinventions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Subsequent_reinventions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy_and_influence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy_and_influence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Legacy and influence </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legacy_and_influence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Members" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Members"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Members </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Members-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Members subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Members-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Current_members" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Current_members"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Current members </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Current_members-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Former_members" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Former_members"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Former members </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Former_members-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Timeline" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Timeline"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.1 Timeline </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Timeline-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Discography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Discography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Discography </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Discography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 References </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle References subsection </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Bibliography </div> </a> <ul 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Available in 25 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-25" aria-hidden="true" > 25 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark" title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark" title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark" title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark" title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark" title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark" title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark" title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark" title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark" title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark" title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark" title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark" title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark" title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark" title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B1%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88%E3%83%A9%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%83%9E%E3%83%8C%E3%83%BC%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A1%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BA%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B6%E3%83%BB%E3%83%80%E3%83%BC%E3%82%AF" title="オーケストラル・マヌーヴァーズ・イン・ザ・ダーク – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="オーケストラル・マヌーヴァーズ・イン・ザ・ダーク" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark" title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark" title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark" title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark" title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark" title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark" title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark" title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark" title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark" title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/OMD_(%E6%A8%82%E5%9C%98)" title="OMD (樂團) – Chinese" lang="zh" 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">English band</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the band. For their debut album, see <a href="/wiki/Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark_(album)" title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark (album)">Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark (album)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard plainlist"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de; font-size: 125%;"><div class="">Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:OMD_press_1985.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Founders Paul Humphreys (left) and Andy McCluskey in 1985"><img alt="Founders Paul Humphreys (left) and Andy McCluskey in 1985" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/OMD_press_1985.png/250px-OMD_press_1985.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="191" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/OMD_press_1985.png/375px-OMD_press_1985.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/OMD_press_1985.png/500px-OMD_press_1985.png 2x" data-file-width="1089" data-file-height="833" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Founders <a href="/wiki/Paul_Humphreys" title="Paul Humphreys">Paul Humphreys</a> (left) and <a href="/wiki/Andy_McCluskey" title="Andy McCluskey">Andy McCluskey</a> in 1985</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de">Background information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Also known as</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">OMD</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Origin</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Meols" title="Meols">Meols</a>, <a href="/wiki/Merseyside" title="Merseyside">Merseyside</a>, England</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Genres</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_music" title="Electronic music">Electronic</a><a href="#cite_note-Hanley2019-1">[1]</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Synth-pop" title="Synth-pop">synth-pop</a><a href="#cite_note-Shand2019-2">[2]</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Experimental_music" title="Experimental music">experimental</a><a href="#cite_note-Marder14-3">[3]</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/New_wave_music" title="New wave music">new wave</a><a href="#cite_note-Majewski2014-4">[4]</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Discography</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark_discography" title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark discography">Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark discography</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Years active</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li>1978–1996</li><li>2006–present</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Labels</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li>100%</li><li><a href="/wiki/Virgin_Records" title="Virgin Records">Virgin</a><a href="#cite_note-O'Neal08-5">[5]</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Dindisc" title="Dindisc">Dindisc</a><a href="#cite_note-O'Neal08-5">[5]</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Factory_Records" title="Factory Records">Factory</a><a href="#cite_note-O'Neal08-5">[5]</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Bright_Antenna" class="mw-redirect" title="Bright Antenna">Bright Antenna</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/A%26M_Records" title="A&M Records">A&M</a><a href="#cite_note-O'Neal08-5">[5]</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Epic_Records" title="Epic Records">Epic</a><a href="#cite_note-O'Neal08-5">[5]</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spinoffs</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Listening_Pool" title="The Listening Pool">The Listening Pool</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Atomic_Kitten" title="Atomic Kitten">Atomic Kitten</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Onetwo_(band)" title="Onetwo (band)">Onetwo</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spinoff of</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Id_(band)" title="The Id (band)">The Id</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Dalek_I_Love_You" title="Dalek I Love You">Dalek I Love You</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de"></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Members</th><td class="infobox-data"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andy_McCluskey" title="Andy McCluskey">Andy McCluskey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Humphreys" title="Paul Humphreys">Paul Humphreys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Cooper_(musician)" title="Martin Cooper (musician)">Martin Cooper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuart_Kershaw" title="Stuart Kershaw">Stuart Kershaw</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de"></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Past members</th><td class="infobox-data"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Holmes" title="Malcolm Holmes">Malcolm Holmes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Hughes_(musician)" title="David Hughes (musician)">Dave Hughes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigel_Ipinson" title="Nigel Ipinson">Nigel Ipinson</a></li> <li>Michael Douglas</li> <li>Graham Weir</li> <li>Neil Weir</li> <li>Phil Coxon</li> <li>Abe Jukes</li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de"></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://omd.uk.com">omd.uk.com</a></td></tr></tbody></table> Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark (OMD) are an English <a href="/wiki/Electronic_music" title="Electronic music">electronic</a> band formed on <a href="/wiki/Wirral_Peninsula" title="Wirral Peninsula">the Wirral</a>, <a href="/wiki/Merseyside" title="Merseyside">Merseyside</a>, in 1978. The group consists of founding duo and principal songwriters <a href="/wiki/Andy_McCluskey" title="Andy McCluskey">Andy McCluskey</a> (vocals, bass guitar) and <a href="/wiki/Paul_Humphreys" title="Paul Humphreys">Paul Humphreys</a> (keyboards, vocals), along with <a href="/wiki/Martin_Cooper_(musician)" title="Martin Cooper (musician)">Martin Cooper</a> (keyboards, saxophone) and <a href="/wiki/Stuart_Kershaw" title="Stuart Kershaw">Stuart Kershaw</a> (drums). Regarded as pioneers of electronic music, OMD combined an <a href="/wiki/Experimental_music" title="Experimental music">experimental</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minimal_music" title="Minimal music">minimalist</a> ethos with pop sensibilities, becoming key figures in the emergence of <a href="/wiki/Synth-pop" title="Synth-pop">synth-pop</a>; McCluskey and Humphreys also introduced the "synth duo" format to British popular music. In the United States, the band were an early presence in the <a href="/wiki/MTV" title="MTV">MTV</a>-driven <a href="/wiki/Second_British_Invasion" title="Second British Invasion">Second British Invasion</a>. McCluskey and Humphreys led <a href="/wiki/The_Id_(band)" title="The Id (band)">the Id</a>, a precursor group, from 1977 to 1978 and re-recorded their track "<a href="/wiki/Electricity_(Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark_song)" title="Electricity (Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark song)">Electricity</a>" as OMD's debut single in 1979. Weathering an "uncool" image and a degree of hostility from music critics, the band achieved popularity throughout Europe with the 1980 <a href="/wiki/List_of_anti-war_songs" title="List of anti-war songs">anti-war song</a> "<a href="/wiki/Enola_Gay_(song)" title="Enola Gay (song)">Enola Gay</a>", and gained further recognition via <a href="/wiki/Architecture_%26_Morality" title="Architecture & Morality">Architecture & Morality</a> (1981) and its three hit singles. Although later reappraised, <a href="/wiki/Dazzle_Ships_(album)" title="Dazzle Ships (album)">Dazzle Ships</a> (1983) was seen as overly experimental, and eroded European support. The group embraced a more radio-friendly sound on <a href="/wiki/Junk_Culture" title="Junk Culture">Junk Culture</a> (1984); this change in direction led to greater success in the US, and spawned hits including "<a href="/wiki/If_You_Leave_(song)" title="If You Leave (song)">If You Leave</a>" (from the 1986 film <a href="/wiki/Pretty_in_Pink" title="Pretty in Pink">Pretty in Pink</a>). In 1989, creative differences led Humphreys and other members to form the spin-off band <a href="/wiki/The_Listening_Pool" title="The Listening Pool">the Listening Pool</a>, leaving McCluskey as the only remaining member of OMD. The group returned with a new line-up and explored the <a href="/wiki/Dance-pop" title="Dance-pop">dance-pop</a> genre: <a href="/wiki/Sugar_Tax_(album)" title="Sugar Tax (album)">Sugar Tax</a> (1991) and its initial singles were hits in Europe. OMD then began to flounder amid the guitar-oriented <a href="/wiki/Grunge" title="Grunge">grunge</a> and <a href="/wiki/Britpop" title="Britpop">Britpop</a> movements, eventually disbanding in 1996. McCluskey later founded <a href="/wiki/Girl_group" title="Girl group">girl group</a> <a href="/wiki/Atomic_Kitten" title="Atomic Kitten">Atomic Kitten</a>, for whom he served as a principal songwriter and producer, while Humphreys formed the duo <a href="/wiki/Onetwo_(band)" title="Onetwo (band)">Onetwo</a> alongside lead vocalist <a href="/wiki/Claudia_Br%C3%BCcken" title="Claudia Brücken">Claudia Brücken</a> of <a href="/wiki/Propaganda_(band)" title="Propaganda (band)">Propaganda</a>. In 2006, OMD reformed with McCluskey and Humphreys revisiting the more experimental territory of their early work. The band have achieved 14 top-20 entries on the <a href="/wiki/UK_Albums_Chart" title="UK Albums Chart">UK Albums Chart</a>, as well as global sales of 40 million records. Their 20th century output yielded 18 top-40 appearances on the <a href="/wiki/UK_Singles_Chart" class="mw-redirect" title="UK Singles Chart">UK Singles Chart</a>, along with four top-40 entries on the US <a href="/wiki/Billboard_Hot_100" title="Billboard Hot 100">Billboard Hot 100</a>. Described as one of the most influential synth-pop acts in history, OMD have inspired many artists across diverse genres and disciplines. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1975–1979:_Roots_and_early_years">1975–1979: Roots and early years</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 1975–1979: Roots and early years">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Andy_McCluskey.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Andy_McCluskey.JPG/200px-Andy_McCluskey.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Andy_McCluskey.JPG/300px-Andy_McCluskey.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Andy_McCluskey.JPG/400px-Andy_McCluskey.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1413" data-file-height="1060" /></a><figcaption>Lead vocalist and co-founder Andy McCluskey in 2011</figcaption></figure> Founders <a href="/wiki/Andy_McCluskey" title="Andy McCluskey">Andy McCluskey</a> and <a href="/wiki/Paul_Humphreys" title="Paul Humphreys">Paul Humphreys</a> met at primary school in <a href="/wiki/Meols" title="Meols">Meols, England</a> in the early 1960s, and in the mid-1970s, as teenagers, they were involved in different local groups but shared a distaste for <a href="/wiki/Cock_rock" title="Cock rock">guitar-driven rock with a macho attitude</a> popular among their friends at the time.<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-Lindgren-7">[7]</a> By 1975, McCluskey had formed Equinox as bassist and lead vocalist, alongside schoolmate <a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Holmes" title="Malcolm Holmes">Malcolm Holmes</a> on drums, while Humphreys was <a href="/wiki/Road_crew" title="Road crew">roadie</a>. During that time, McCluskey and Humphreys discovered their electronic style, inspired by German band <a href="/wiki/Kraftwerk" title="Kraftwerk">Kraftwerk</a>.<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> After Equinox, McCluskey joined Pegasus,<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> and, later, the short-lived Hitlerz Underpantz, alongside Humphreys.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-faq2-11">[11]</a> McCluskey would usually sing and play bass guitar; roadie and <a href="/wiki/Electronic_musical_instrument" title="Electronic musical instrument">electronics</a> enthusiast Humphreys, who shared McCluskey's love of electronic music,<a href="#cite_note-Lindores-12">[12]</a> graduated to keyboards. In September 1977, McCluskey and Humphreys put together the seven-piece (three vocalists, two guitarists, bassist, drummer, and keyboardist) Wirral band <a href="/wiki/The_Id_(band)" title="The Id (band)">the Id</a>, whose line-up included drummer <a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Holmes" title="Malcolm Holmes">Malcolm Holmes</a> and McCluskey's girlfriend Julia Kneale on vocals. The group began to gig regularly in the <a href="/wiki/Merseyside" title="Merseyside">Merseyside</a> area, performing original material (largely written by McCluskey and Humphreys). They had quite a following on the scene, and one of their tracks ("Julia's Song") was included on a <a href="/wiki/Compilation_album" title="Compilation album">compilation album</a> of local bands called Street to Street – A Liverpool Album (1979).<a href="#cite_note-faq2-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-familytree-13">[13]</a> Meanwhile, Humphreys and McCluskey collaborated on a side project called VCL XI, whose name was adapted from a diagram on the back cover of Kraftwerk's fifth studio album <a href="/wiki/Radio-Activity" title="Radio-Activity">Radio-Activity</a> (1975), reading "VCL 11". This project allowed them to pursue their more obscure electronic experiments.<a href="#cite_note-faq2-11">[11]</a> In August 1978, the Id broke up due to musical differences. Also in August, McCluskey joined Wirral electronic outfit <a href="/wiki/Dalek_I_Love_You" title="Dalek I Love You">Dalek I Love You</a> as lead vocalist, but quit in September.<a href="#cite_note-familytree-13">[13]</a> Later in the month, he rejoined Humphreys and their VCL XI project was renamed Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark. The name was gleaned from a list of song lyrics and ideas that were written on McCluskey's bedroom wall;<a href="#cite_note-Lindgren-7">[7]</a> and was chosen so they would not be mistaken for a <a href="/wiki/Punk_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Punk music">punk</a> band.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-Rexroat1988-15">[15]</a> Given that OMD intended to play only one gig, the duo considered their moniker to be inconsequential.<a href="#cite_note-breakfast2010-16">[16]</a> McCluskey has since expressed regret over choosing "such a very silly name".<a href="#cite_note-Rexroat1988-15">[15]</a> The contrasting personalities of Humphreys and McCluskey established the band's dynamic, with the former saying that "two Pauls wouldn't get anything done and two Andys would kill each other."<a href="#cite_note-Bray13-17">[17]</a> They have further described their creative roles as "The Surgeon" (Humphreys) and "The Butcher" (McCluskey).<a href="#cite_note-Earls2020-18">[18]</a> As <a href="/wiki/Working_class" title="Working class">working class</a> youngsters,<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-HumphreysNeedle-20">[20]</a> OMD had a limited budget, using second-hand "junk-shop" instruments including a left-handed bass guitar (which McCluskey would play upside-down).<a href="#cite_note-HumphreysNeedle-20">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> The pair also created their own devices, with Humphreys "making things out of his aunt's radios cannibalised for the <a href="/wiki/Printed_circuit_board" title="Printed circuit board">circuit boards</a>".<a href="#cite_note-HumphreysNeedle-20">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-RC19-22">[22]</a> Eventually, they acquired a basic <a href="/wiki/Korg" title="Korg">Korg</a> M-500 Micro Preset synthesizer, purchased via McCluskey's mother's mail-order catalogue for £7.76 a week, paid over 36 weeks.<a href="#cite_note-1981CH5-23">[23]</a><a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> OMD began to gig regularly as a duo, performing to backing tracks played from a <a href="/wiki/TEAC_Corporation" title="TEAC Corporation">TEAC</a> 4-track tape-recorder christened "Winston" (after <a href="/wiki/Winston_Smith_(Nineteen_Eighty-Four)" title="Winston Smith (Nineteen Eighty-Four)">the antihero</a> of <a href="/wiki/George_Orwell" title="George Orwell">George Orwell</a>'s novel <a href="/wiki/Nineteen_Eighty-Four" title="Nineteen Eighty-Four">Nineteen Eighty-Four</a>). Their debut performance was in October 1978 at <a href="/wiki/Eric%27s_Club" title="Eric's Club">Eric's Club</a> in Liverpool.<a href="#cite_note-RC19-22">[22]</a> Finding themselves on the cusp of an electronic new wave in British pop music, they released a one-off single, <a href="/wiki/Electricity_(Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark_song)" title="Electricity (Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark song)">"Electricity"</a>, with independent label <a href="/wiki/Factory_Records" title="Factory Records">Factory Records</a>. The track was supposed to be produced by the Factory Records producer <a href="/wiki/Martin_Hannett" title="Martin Hannett">Martin Hannett</a>. However, the A-side was the band's original <a href="/wiki/Demo_(music)" title="Demo (music)">demo</a> produced by their friend, owner of Winston and soon to be manager, Paul Collister,<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> under the pseudonym Chester Valentino (taken from a nightclub called Valentino's in the nearby city of <a href="/wiki/Chester" title="Chester">Chester</a>). The single's sleeve was designed by <a href="/wiki/Peter_Saville_(graphic_designer)" title="Peter Saville (graphic designer)">Peter Saville</a>, whose distinctive graphics contributed to OMD's public image into the 1980s.<a href="#cite_note-faq2-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-Lindores-12">[12]</a> "Electricity" became a seminal release within the burgeoning <a href="/wiki/Synth-pop" title="Synth-pop">synth-pop</a> movement,<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-MettlerJune16-27">[27]</a> and led to the band receiving a seven-album <a href="/wiki/Recording_contract" title="Recording contract">recording contract</a> with <a href="/wiki/Dindisc" title="Dindisc">Dindisc</a>, worth over £250,000.<a href="#cite_note-Lindgren-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-RC19-22">[22]</a> In 1979, OMD were asked to support <a href="/wiki/Gary_Numan" title="Gary Numan">Gary Numan</a> on his first major British tour. Humphreys noted, "[Numan] gave us our first big break. He saw us opening for <a href="/wiki/Joy_Division" title="Joy Division">Joy Division</a> and he asked us to go on tour with him... we went from the small clubs to playing huge arenas. Gary was very good to us."<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> Along with Numan, OMD became key figures in the rise of synth-pop.<a href="#cite_note-Lindgren-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> Numan later supported OMD on a 1993 UK arena tour.<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1980–1988:_Classic_line-up">1980–1988: Classic line-up</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 1980–1988: Classic line-up">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1224211176">.mw-parser-output .quotebox{background-color:#F9F9F9;border:1px solid #aaa;box-sizing:border-box;padding:10px;font-size:88%;max-width:100%}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft{margin:.5em 1.4em .8em 0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright{margin:.5em 0 .8em 1.4em}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.centered{overflow:hidden;position:relative;margin:.5em auto .8em auto}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft span,.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright span{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox>blockquote{margin:0;padding:0;border-left:0;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-title{text-align:center;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote>:first-child{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:before{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" “ ";vertical-align:-45%;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:after{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" ” ";line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .left-aligned{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .right-aligned{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .center-aligned{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quote-title,.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quotebox-quote{display:block}.mw-parser-output .quotebox cite{display:block;font-style:normal}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .quotebox{width:100%!important;margin:0 0 .8em!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="quotebox pullquote floatleft" style="width:30em; ;"> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> "Musically, we were pushing boundaries as far as we could. At one Virgin meeting, the head of A&R asked us, 'Come on guys, are you <a href="/wiki/Karlheinz_Stockhausen" title="Karlheinz Stockhausen">[Karlheinz] Stockhausen</a> or <a href="/wiki/ABBA" title="ABBA">ABBA</a>?' Andy [McCluskey] and I said together, 'Can't we be both?'" </blockquote> <cite class="left-aligned" style="">Paul Humphreys<a href="#cite_note-Earls2020-18">[18]</a></cite> </div> Rather than hire studio time to record their eponymous <a href="/wiki/Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark_(album)" title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark (album)">debut album</a> (1980), McCluskey and Humphreys used their <a href="/wiki/Advance_payment" title="Advance payment">advance payment</a> from Dindisc to build their own <a href="/wiki/Liverpool" title="Liverpool">Liverpool</a> recording studio, called the Gramophone Suite. They predicted that they would be dropped by the label due to disappointing sales, but would at least own a studio.<a href="#cite_note-RC19-22">[22]</a> The album showcased the band's live set at the time, and included some guest drums from former Id drummer <a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Holmes" title="Malcolm Holmes">Malcolm Holmes</a> and saxophone from former <a href="/wiki/Dalek_I_Love_You" title="Dalek I Love You">Dalek I Love You</a> member <a href="/wiki/Martin_Cooper_(musician)" title="Martin Cooper (musician)">Martin Cooper</a>. It had a raw, poppy, melodic synth-pop sound.<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> Dindisc arranged for the song "<a href="/wiki/Messages_(Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark_song)" title="Messages (Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark song)">Messages</a>" to be re-recorded (produced by <a href="/wiki/Gong_(band)" title="Gong (band)">Gong</a> bassist <a href="/wiki/Mike_Howlett" title="Mike Howlett">Mike Howlett</a>) and released as a single—it gave the band their first hit.<a href="#cite_note-AMbio-34">[34]</a> <a href="/wiki/David_Hughes_(musician)" title="David Hughes (musician)">Dave Hughes</a> (another Dalek I Love You alumnus), who joined OMD in 1980,<a href="#cite_note-familytree-13">[13]</a> is featured in the "Messages" <a href="/wiki/Music_video" title="Music video">music video</a>. A tour followed; Winston was augmented with live drums from <a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Holmes" title="Malcolm Holmes">Malcolm Holmes</a>, and Dave Hughes played synthesizers. Hughes left OMD in late 1980.<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> The band's second studio album, <a href="/wiki/Organisation_(album)" title="Organisation (album)">Organisation</a> (a reference to <a href="/wiki/Organisation_(band)" title="Organisation (band)">the band</a> which preceded Kraftwerk,<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> founded by Kraftwerk's original members <a href="/wiki/Florian_Schneider" title="Florian Schneider">Florian Schneider-Esleben</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ralf_H%C3%BCtter" title="Ralf Hütter">Ralf Hütter</a>), followed later that year, recorded as a three-piece with Humphreys, McCluskey and Holmes. It was again produced by Howlett, and had a darker, moodier feel largely inspired by the passing of <a href="/wiki/Joy_Division" title="Joy Division">Joy Division</a> lead vocalist and former Factory label-mate <a href="/wiki/Ian_Curtis" title="Ian Curtis">Ian Curtis</a>.<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> The album included the <a href="/wiki/List_of_anti-war_songs" title="List of anti-war songs">anti-war</a><a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a><a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> hit single "<a href="/wiki/Enola_Gay_(song)" title="Enola Gay (song)">Enola Gay</a>", named after <a href="/wiki/Enola_Gay" title="Enola Gay">the plane that dropped an atomic bomb</a> on Hiroshima.<a href="#cite_note-AMbio-34">[34]</a> The song was intended to be included on the debut studio album, but was left out at the final selection. The tour for this album had a four-piece band line-up, with Martin Cooper recruited for keyboard duties and enlisted as an official group member.<a href="#cite_note-Lindores-12">[12]</a> The McCluskey/Humphreys/Cooper/Holmes unit came to be regarded as the band's "classic" line-up.<a href="#cite_note-Mansfield13-40">[40]</a> In early 1981, readers of <a href="/wiki/Record_Mirror" title="Record Mirror">Record Mirror</a> voted OMD the fourth-best band and eighth-best live act of 1980;<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> <a href="/wiki/NME" title="NME">NME</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sounds_(magazine)" title="Sounds (magazine)">Sounds</a> readers named the group the eighth and 10th best new act of the year, respectively.<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> In <a href="/wiki/Smash_Hits" title="Smash Hits">Smash Hits</a>, they were voted both the fifth-best band of 1980 and the eighth-hottest new act for 1981.<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> Howlett then presided over the recording of a further hit single, "<a href="/wiki/Souvenir_(song)" title="Souvenir (song)">Souvenir</a>", co-written by Cooper and Humphreys. It ushered in a lush choral electronic sound. The song also became OMD's biggest UK hit to date.<a href="#cite_note-Lindores-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-A&Mofficial-44">[44]</a> The band's third studio album, <a href="/wiki/Architecture_%26_Morality" title="Architecture & Morality">Architecture & Morality</a>, was released in the UK and Europe in November 1981, becoming their most commercially successful studio album. The group went into the studio with Richard Manwaring producing.<a href="#cite_note-Lindores-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-A&Mofficial-44">[44]</a> Cooper then temporarily dropped out and was replaced by Mike Douglas, but this change was reversed by the time the album was released and a tour followed.<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> The album's sound saw OMD's original synth-pop sound augmented by the use of the <a href="/wiki/Mellotron" title="Mellotron">Mellotron</a><a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> (an instrument previously associated with <a href="/wiki/Progressive_rock" title="Progressive rock">progressive rock</a> bands), adding atmospheric swatches of string, choir, and other sounds to their palette. Two more hit singles, "<a href="/wiki/Joan_of_Arc_(Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark_song)" title="Joan of Arc (Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark song)">Joan of Arc</a>" and "<a href="/wiki/Maid_of_Orleans_(The_Waltz_Joan_of_Arc)" title="Maid of Orleans (The Waltz Joan of Arc)">Maid of Orleans</a>" (which became the biggest-selling single of 1982 in Germany<a href="#cite_note-stanley-47">[47]</a>) were on the album. Both songs were originally titled "Joan of Arc"; the name of the latter single was changed to Maid of Orleans (The Waltz Joan of Arc) at the insistence of the publishers and to avoid confusion.<a href="#cite_note-Lindores-12">[12]</a> Readers of Smash Hits voted OMD the seventh-best group of 1981,<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> while Record Mirror readers named them the eighth-best band (as well as the 10th-best "new artist") and the third-best live act of the year.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> The group came close to breaking up in 1982, with McCluskey later saying, "We had never expected the success, we were exhausted."<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:20180728_K%C3%B6ln_Amphi_Festival_OMD_0157.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/20180728_K%C3%B6ln_Amphi_Festival_OMD_0157.jpg/200px-20180728_K%C3%B6ln_Amphi_Festival_OMD_0157.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/20180728_K%C3%B6ln_Amphi_Festival_OMD_0157.jpg/300px-20180728_K%C3%B6ln_Amphi_Festival_OMD_0157.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/20180728_K%C3%B6ln_Amphi_Festival_OMD_0157.jpg/400px-20180728_K%C3%B6ln_Amphi_Festival_OMD_0157.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3740" data-file-height="2489" /></a><figcaption>Longtime instrumentalist <a href="/wiki/Martin_Cooper_(musician)" title="Martin Cooper (musician)">Martin Cooper</a> in 2018</figcaption></figure> In 1983, the band lost commercial momentum somewhat, with the release of their more experimental fourth studio album <a href="/wiki/Dazzle_Ships_(album)" title="Dazzle Ships (album)">Dazzle Ships</a>, produced by <a href="/wiki/Rhett_Davies" title="Rhett Davies">Rhett Davies</a>, perhaps best known for his previous work with <a href="/wiki/Roxy_Music" title="Roxy Music">Roxy Music</a> and <a href="/wiki/Brian_Eno" title="Brian Eno">Brian Eno</a>. The record mixed melancholy synth ballads and uptempo synth-pop with <a href="/wiki/Musique_concr%C3%A8te" title="Musique concrète">musique concrète</a> and short wave radio tape collages. Its relative commercial failure caused a crisis of confidence for Humphreys and McCluskey, and brought about a deliberate move towards the mainstream.<a href="#cite_note-stanley-47">[47]</a> Their following studio album, 1984's <a href="/wiki/Junk_Culture" title="Junk Culture">Junk Culture</a>, was a shift to a more pop-style sound, and the band used digital <a href="/wiki/Sampler_(musical_instrument)" title="Sampler (musical instrument)">sampling</a> keyboards such as the <a href="/wiki/Fairlight_CMI" title="Fairlight CMI">Fairlight CMI</a> and the <a href="/wiki/E-mu_Emulator" title="E-mu Emulator">E-mu Emulator</a>. The album was a success, reassuring the group about their new direction.<a href="#cite_note-AMbio-34">[34]</a> The "<a href="/wiki/Locomotion_(Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark_song)" title="Locomotion (Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark song)">Locomotion</a>" single returned them to the top five in the UK. Record Mirror readers named OMD the eighth-best live act of 1984.<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> In 1985, the band expanded to a sextet with the addition of brothers Graham Weir (guitar, keyboards, trombone) and Neil Weir (keyboards, trumpet, bass guitar), and released their sixth studio album, <a href="/wiki/Crush_(Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark_album)" title="Crush (Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark album)">Crush</a>, produced by <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Hague" title="Stephen Hague">Stephen Hague</a> in Paris and New York.<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> Sessions were strained, with Humphreys briefly quitting the group.<a href="#cite_note-messages148–9-53">[53]</a><a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> OMD had been an early presence in the <a href="/wiki/Second_British_Invasion" title="Second British Invasion">Second British Invasion</a> of the US,<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a><a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> but achieved their first <a href="/wiki/Billboard_Hot_100" title="Billboard Hot 100">Billboard Hot 100</a> hit with the no. 26 entry "<a href="/wiki/So_in_Love_(Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark_song)" title="So in Love (Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark song)">So in Love</a>". This led to some success for Crush, which entered the <a href="/wiki/American_Top_40" title="American Top 40">American Top 40</a>. Later in 1985, the band were asked to write a song for the <a href="/wiki/John_Hughes_(filmmaker)" title="John Hughes (filmmaker)">John Hughes</a> film <a href="/wiki/Pretty_in_Pink" title="Pretty in Pink">Pretty in Pink</a> (1986). They offered "Goddess of Love", although the ending of the film was re-shot due to a negative response from <a href="/wiki/Test_screening" title="Test screening">test audiences</a>. OMD then wrote "<a href="/wiki/If_You_Leave_(song)" title="If You Leave (song)">If You Leave</a>" in less than 24 hours,<a href="#cite_note-Lindgren-7">[7]</a> and it became a top 5 hit in the US, Canada, and New Zealand. Journalist <a href="/wiki/Hugo_Lindgren" title="Hugo Lindgren">Hugo Lindgren</a> argued that the success of "If You Leave" has concealed from US audiences the group's history of making innovative music.<a href="#cite_note-Lindgren-7">[7]</a> In September 1986, the same six piece line-up also released their seventh studio album, <a href="/wiki/The_Pacific_Age" title="The Pacific Age">The Pacific Age</a>, but the band began to see their critical and public popularity wane notably in the UK. The album's first single, "<a href="/wiki/(Forever)_Live_and_Die" title="(Forever) Live and Die">(Forever) Live and Die</a>", was a top 10 hit across Europe<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> and entered the top 20 in both the UK<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> and US. On 18 June 1988, OMD supported <a href="/wiki/Depeche_Mode" title="Depeche Mode">Depeche Mode</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Rose_Bowl_(stadium)" title="Rose Bowl (stadium)">Rose Bowl</a> in <a href="/wiki/Pasadena,_California" title="Pasadena, California">Pasadena, California</a> where they played to over 60,000 people. They also released the top 20 US hit "<a href="/wiki/Dreaming_(Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark_song)" title="Dreaming (Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark song)">Dreaming</a>" and a successful greatest hits album, <a href="/wiki/The_Best_of_OMD" title="The Best of OMD">The Best of OMD</a>. Graham and Neil Weir left the group at the end of the 1988 US tour. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1989–1996:_McCluskey-led_OMD_and_disbandment">1989–1996: McCluskey-led OMD and disbandment</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 1989–1996: McCluskey-led OMD and disbandment">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Paul_Humphreys_2008.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Paul_Humphreys_2008.JPG/150px-Paul_Humphreys_2008.JPG" decoding="async" width="150" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Paul_Humphreys_2008.JPG/225px-Paul_Humphreys_2008.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Paul_Humphreys_2008.JPG/300px-Paul_Humphreys_2008.JPG 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>Keyboardist and co-founder Paul Humphreys departed in 1989.</figcaption></figure> As OMD appeared poised to consolidate their US success, the band continued to fracture. Humphreys departed in 1989 amid personal and creative dissension with McCluskey.<a href="#cite_note-Majewski2014-4">[4]</a> Cooper and Holmes then left OMD to join Humphreys in founding a new band called <a href="/wiki/The_Listening_Pool" title="The Listening Pool">the Listening Pool</a>.<a href="#cite_note-AMbio-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-Fisher2013-59">[59]</a> McCluskey recalled, "We were all in agreement that something was wrong. How to fix it was where we disagreed."<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> Only McCluskey was left to carry on, essentially becoming a solo artist working under the OMD banner. McCluskey's first album from the new OMD was the <a href="/wiki/Dance-pop" title="Dance-pop">dance-pop</a> studio album <a href="/wiki/Sugar_Tax_(album)" title="Sugar Tax (album)">Sugar Tax</a> in May 1991, which charted at No. 3 in the UK. McCluskey recruited Liverpool musicians Raw Unlimited (Lloyd Massett, <a href="/wiki/Stuart_Kershaw" title="Stuart Kershaw">Stuart Kershaw</a>, Nathalie Loates) as collaborators for the making of Sugar Tax; writing credits carefully distinguished between songs written by OMD (i.e., McCluskey) and songs written by OMD/Kershaw/Massett.<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> This iteration of the group was initially successful, with hits such as "<a href="/wiki/Sailing_on_the_Seven_Seas" title="Sailing on the Seven Seas">Sailing on the Seven Seas</a>" and "<a href="/wiki/Pandora%27s_Box_(Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark_song)" title="Pandora's Box (Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark song)">Pandora's Box</a>", with lesser success on fellow chart entries "<a href="/wiki/Call_My_Name_(Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark_song)" title="Call My Name (Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark song)">Call My Name</a>" and "<a href="/wiki/Then_You_Turn_Away" title="Then You Turn Away">Then You Turn Away</a>". McCluskey's live band was then composed of <a href="/wiki/Nigel_Ipinson" title="Nigel Ipinson">Nigel Ipinson</a> (keyboards), Phil Coxon (keyboards), and Abe Juckes (drums) from late 1990. <a href="/wiki/Smash_Hits" title="Smash Hits">Smash Hits</a> readers voted OMD the sixth-best British group of 1991.<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> The group's next studio album was 1993's <a href="/wiki/Liberator_(album)" title="Liberator (album)">Liberator</a>, which ventured further into dance territory.<a href="#cite_note-Evans2004-63">[63]</a> It peaked at No. 14 on the <a href="/wiki/UK_Albums_Chart" title="UK Albums Chart">UK Albums Chart</a>. The lead single "<a href="/wiki/Stand_Above_Me" title="Stand Above Me">Stand Above Me</a>" peaked at no. 21 on the <a href="/wiki/UK_Singles_Chart" class="mw-redirect" title="UK Singles Chart">UK Singles Chart</a>, with a follow-up single, "<a href="/wiki/Dream_of_Me_(Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark_song)" title="Dream of Me (Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark song)">Dream of Me</a>", charting at no. 24. Paul Humphreys was credited as co-writer of the single "<a href="/wiki/Everyday_(Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark_song)" title="Everyday (Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark song)">Everyday</a>" (a No. 59 UK chart entry). The fifth track from Liberator, "<a href="/wiki/Dream_of_Me_(Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark_song)" title="Dream of Me (Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark song)">Dream of Me</a>", was built around a <a href="/wiki/Sampling_(music)" title="Sampling (music)">sample</a> from "<a href="/wiki/Love%27s_Theme" title="Love's Theme">Love's Theme</a>" by <a href="/wiki/Love_Unlimited_Orchestra" class="mw-redirect" title="Love Unlimited Orchestra">Love Unlimited Orchestra</a>, a song written and produced by <a href="/wiki/Barry_White" title="Barry White">Barry White</a>.<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> To release the track as an OMD single, however, McCluskey had to agree that the single release would remove the actual "Love's Theme" sample, but still be officially titled "Dream of Me (Based on Love's Theme)", and furthermore would still give a writing credit to White.<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> Also in 1993, McCluskey made contributions to the Elektric Music album <a href="/wiki/Esperanto_(Elektric_Music_album)" title="Esperanto (Elektric Music album)">Esperanto</a>, a project by former Kraftwerk member <a href="/wiki/Karl_Bartos" title="Karl Bartos">Karl Bartos</a>.<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> McCluskey returned with a rotating cast of musicians for the more organic <a href="/wiki/Universal_(Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark_album)" title="Universal (Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark album)">Universal</a> (1996),<a href="#cite_note-RC19-22">[22]</a> which featured two songs co-written by Humphreys as well as a holdover from the Esperanto sessions, co-written by Bartos. The record spawned OMD's first Top 20 hit in five years, "<a href="/wiki/Walking_on_the_Milky_Way_(song)" title="Walking on the Milky Way (song)">Walking on the Milky Way</a>". Although both Liberator and Universal produced minor hits, McCluskey retired OMD in late 1996, having faced waning public interest amid the <a href="/wiki/Grunge" title="Grunge">grunge</a> and <a href="/wiki/Britpop" title="Britpop">Britpop</a> movements.<a href="#cite_note-Majewski2014-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-Cárdenas-67">[67]</a> A particular source of frustration was the modest commercial response to "<a href="/wiki/Walking_on_the_Milky_Way_(song)" title="Walking on the Milky Way (song)">Walking on the Milky Way</a>", over which McCluskey said he "sweated blood", considering it "about as good a song as I could write". However, the track was not <a href="/wiki/Playlist" title="Playlist">playlisted</a> by <a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_1" title="BBC Radio 1">BBC Radio 1</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Woolworths_Group_(United_Kingdom)" class="mw-redirect" title="Woolworths Group (United Kingdom)">Woolworths</a> did not stock it. McCluskey said, "I just thought: 'Screw this, I'm not going to bang my head against a brick wall'."<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> A second <a href="/wiki/The_OMD_Singles" title="The OMD Singles">singles album</a> was released in 1998, along with an <a href="/wiki/Extended_play" title="Extended play">EP</a> of remixed material by such acts as <a href="/wiki/Sash!" title="Sash!">Sash!</a> and <a href="/wiki/Moby" title="Moby">Moby</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Schulte-69">[69]</a><a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> Post-1996, McCluskey decided to focus on songwriting for such Liverpool-based acts as <a href="/wiki/Atomic_Kitten" title="Atomic Kitten">Atomic Kitten</a> and Genie Queen, and trying to develop new Merseyside artists from his Motor Museum recording studio. With McCluskey focusing his talents elsewhere, Humphreys decided to work with his new musical partner <a href="/wiki/Claudia_Br%C3%BCcken" title="Claudia Brücken">Claudia Brücken</a> (of the <a href="/wiki/ZTT_Records" title="ZTT Records">ZTT</a> bands <a href="/wiki/Propaganda_(band)" title="Propaganda (band)">Propaganda</a> and <a href="/wiki/Act_(band)" title="Act (band)">Act</a>) as <a href="/wiki/Onetwo_(band)" title="Onetwo (band)">Onetwo</a>. He also undertook a US live tour under the banner "Paul Humphreys from OMD".<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2006–2012:_Reformation_and_comeback_releases">2006–2012: Reformation and comeback releases</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 2006–2012: Reformation and comeback releases">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Orchestral_Manoeuvres_In_The_Dark_2011.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Orchestral_Manoeuvres_In_The_Dark_2011.jpg/200px-Orchestral_Manoeuvres_In_The_Dark_2011.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Orchestral_Manoeuvres_In_The_Dark_2011.jpg/300px-Orchestral_Manoeuvres_In_The_Dark_2011.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Orchestral_Manoeuvres_In_The_Dark_2011.jpg/400px-Orchestral_Manoeuvres_In_The_Dark_2011.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1014" data-file-height="703" /></a><figcaption>McCluskey and Humphreys performing in 2011</figcaption></figure> An unexpected request to perform from a <a href="/wiki/Television_in_Germany" title="Television in Germany">German television</a> show led the group to reunite.<a href="#cite_note-Lindgren-7">[7]</a> On 1 January 2006, McCluskey announced plans to reform OMD with the "classic" line-up of McCluskey, Humphreys, Holmes, and Cooper. The original plan was to tour the studio album <a href="/wiki/Architecture_%26_Morality" title="Architecture & Morality">Architecture & Morality</a> and other pre-1983 material, then record a new studio album set for release in 2007. In May 2007, the Architecture & Morality remastered CD was re-released together with a DVD featuring the Drury Lane concert from 1981 that had previously been available on VHS. The band toured throughout May and June, beginning their set with a re-ordered but otherwise complete re-staging of the Architecture & Morality album. The second half of each concert featured a selection of their best known hits.<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> A live CD and DVD of the 2007 tour, <a href="/wiki/OMD_Live:_Architecture_%26_Morality_%26_More" title="OMD Live: Architecture & Morality & More">OMD Live: Architecture & Morality & More</a>, was released in the spring of 2008; it was recorded at the <a href="/wiki/Hammersmith_Apollo" title="Hammersmith Apollo">Hammersmith Apollo</a> in London. Also released was a 25th anniversary re-release of Dazzle Ships, including six bonus tracks. To tie-in with the re-release, the band made the brief "Messages 78-08 30th Anniversary Tour", featuring <a href="/wiki/China_Crisis" title="China Crisis">China Crisis</a> as a support act.<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> A cover of Atomic Kitten's 2001 hit, "<a href="/wiki/Whole_Again" title="Whole Again">Whole Again</a>" (which had been co-written by McCluskey), was included on <a href="/wiki/Liverpool_%E2%80%93_The_Number_Ones_Album" title="Liverpool – The Number Ones Album">Liverpool – The Number Ones Album</a> (2008), marking OMD's first new studio recording in 12 years. In June 2009, an orchestral concert with the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Liverpool_Philharmonic" title="Royal Liverpool Philharmonic">Royal Liverpool Philharmonic</a> was played in Liverpool; a recording of this concert was released on DVD in December.<a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> The band toured arenas in November and December, supporting <a href="/wiki/Simple_Minds" title="Simple Minds">Simple Minds</a> on their Graffiti Soul Tour.<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> OMD had performed at the <a href="/wiki/Night_of_the_Proms" title="Night of the Proms">Night of the Proms</a> festival in December 2006 in Germany, renewing the experience again in Belgium and the Netherlands that year. They were the headline act at Britain's first <a href="/wiki/Vintage_Computer_Festival" title="Vintage Computer Festival">Vintage Computer Festival</a> at <a href="/wiki/The_National_Museum_of_Computing" title="The National Museum of Computing">The National Museum of Computing</a> in June 2010.<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> McCluskey recalled, "Once we had toured again... there was only one dangerous but logical next step: to be crazy enough to dare to make new music. The process took about three years as we were conscious that a poor album would undermine all of the positive effects that we had achieved in the touring."<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> <a href="/wiki/Pet_Shop_Boys" title="Pet Shop Boys">Pet Shop Boys</a> keyboardist <a href="/wiki/Chris_Lowe" title="Chris Lowe">Chris Lowe</a> encouraged their return to the studio, declaring that "the world needs more OMD records".<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> The band's eleventh studio album, <a href="/wiki/History_of_Modern" title="History of Modern">History of Modern</a>, was released in September 2010, reaching No. 28 in the <a href="/wiki/UK_Albums_Chart" title="UK Albums Chart">UK Albums Chart</a> and being followed by a European tour.<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> Reviews of the album were generally favourable.<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> On 28 September, OMD performed as a special guest at the "first ever gig" of <a href="/wiki/The_Buggles" title="The Buggles">the Buggles</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Horn10-81">[81]</a><a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> In March 2011, the band played their first North American tour as the "classic" line-up since 1988.<a href="#cite_note-Mansfield13-40">[40]</a> In September, they appeared at the 2011 <a href="/wiki/Electric_Picnic" title="Electric Picnic">Electric Picnic</a> festival in <a href="/wiki/Stradbally" title="Stradbally">Stradbally, Ireland</a>.<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a> In November 2011, OMD returned to the studio and started work on their next album, <a href="/wiki/English_Electric_(album)" title="English Electric (album)">English Electric</a>.<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> On 12 March 2012, the band played a concert in the Philippines at the <a href="/wiki/Araneta_Coliseum" title="Araneta Coliseum">Araneta Coliseum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Quezon_City" title="Quezon City">Quezon City</a>.<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> In August, OMD performed to South African audiences in Cape Town and Johannesburg.<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a><a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2013–2019:_Return_to_prominence">2013–2019: Return to prominence</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 2013–2019: Return to prominence">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1224211176"><div class="quotebox pullquote floatleft" style="width:30em; ;"> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> "Being in Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark right now is just the most blessed thing... it's like being 19 again. We can do what the hell we want." </blockquote> <cite class="left-aligned" style="">Andy McCluskey<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a></cite> </div> In 2013, OMD performed at <a href="/wiki/Coachella" title="Coachella">Coachella</a>, a festival in <a href="/wiki/Indio,_California" title="Indio, California">Indio, California</a>, on 14 and 21 April.<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a> "Metroland", the first single from the forthcoming studio album <a href="/wiki/English_Electric_(album)" title="English Electric (album)">English Electric</a>, was released on 25 March 2013.<a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a> The album was released in the UK on 8 April, and entered the UK album chart at No. 12 and the German chart at No. 10. Reviews for both the album and their concerts were generally positive.<a href="#cite_note-Lindgren-7">[7]</a> "The Future Will Be Silent", a 500-copy limited edition 10-inch <a href="/wiki/Picture_disc" title="Picture disc">picture disc</a> EP from English Electric, was made available for <a href="/wiki/Record_Store_Day#2013" title="Record Store Day">Record Store Day 2013</a>, and included a then-exclusive non-album track titled "Time Burns".<a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a><a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a> For <a href="/wiki/Record_Store_Day#2015" title="Record Store Day">Record Store Day 2015</a>, a 1000-copy limited edition 10-inch EP of "Julia's Song (Dub Version)" from Junk Culture was made available, which includes an exclusive non-album track titled "10 to 1". OMD performed a one-off concert at the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Albert_Hall" title="Royal Albert Hall">Royal Albert Hall</a>, London on 9 May 2016 to a sell-out crowd, playing both Architecture & Morality and Dazzle Ships in their entirety, along with other songs from before 1983. The only song post-1983 played was "History of Modern Part 1". The concert was recorded and made available on double CD right after the show, with a triple LP vinyl recording of the concert also being made available.<a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> The band collaborated with <a href="/wiki/Gary_Barlow" title="Gary Barlow">Gary Barlow</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taron_Egerton" title="Taron Egerton">Taron Egerton</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Jackman" title="Hugh Jackman">Hugh Jackman</a> on the OMD song "Thrill Me", co-written by Barlow and McCluskey for the soundtrack of the 2015 film <a href="/wiki/Eddie_the_Eagle_(film)" title="Eddie the Eagle (film)">Eddie the Eagle</a>.<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a> Work began in October 2015 on what was to be their thirteenth studio album <a href="/wiki/The_Punishment_of_Luxury_(album)" title="The Punishment of Luxury (album)">The Punishment of Luxury</a>,<a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a> which was released on 1 September 2017 and charted at no. 4 in the UK.<a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a><a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a> OMD toured Europe and North America in support of the album, with <a href="/wiki/Stuart_Kershaw" title="Stuart Kershaw">Stuart Kershaw</a> replacing Holmes as the band's drummer, due to the latter's health issues.<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> In 2018, OMD published a book titled Pretending to See the Future, which is a first-person "autobiography" about the band. It mixed fan-submitted memories with commentary from McCluskey, Humphreys, Cooper, Holmes, and Kershaw. For people who pre-ordered the book on <a href="/wiki/PledgeMusic" title="PledgeMusic">PledgeMusic</a>, they received a limited-edition <a href="/wiki/Flexi_disc" title="Flexi disc">flexi-disc</a> containing a previously unheard demo of "<a href="/wiki/Messages_(Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark_song)" title="Messages (Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark song)">Messages</a>" from 1978.<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a><a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> As part of OMD's 40th-anniversary celebrations, they embarked on a UK and European tour in 2019.<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> The band won "Group of the Year" and "Live Act of the Year" in the 2019 <a href="/wiki/Classic_Pop_(magazine)" title="Classic Pop (magazine)">Classic Pop</a> Reader Awards.<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> A retrospective deluxe box set titled Souvenir was also released. The 40th anniversary collection includes the band's forty singles, including a new release titled "Don't Go". It also contains 22 previously unreleased recordings from the group's archive, selected and mixed by Paul Humphreys. Two audio live shows (one from 2011 and one from 2013) are also included, together with two DVDs bringing together two more live concerts (<a href="/wiki/Theatre_Royal,_Drury_Lane" title="Theatre Royal, Drury Lane">Drury Lane</a> in 1981 and <a href="/wiki/Sheffield_City_Hall" title="Sheffield City Hall">Sheffield City Hall</a> in 1985) plus <a href="/wiki/Crush_(Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark_album)" title="Crush (Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark album)">Crush – The Movie</a>, and various BBC TV performances from <a href="/wiki/Top_of_the_Pops" title="Top of the Pops">Top of the Pops</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Old_Grey_Whistle_Test" title="The Old Grey Whistle Test">The Old Grey Whistle Test</a> and <a href="/wiki/Later..._with_Jools_Holland" title="Later... with Jools Holland">Later... with Jools Holland</a>.<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2020–present:_Continued_acknowledgement">2020–present: Continued acknowledgement</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 2020–present: Continued acknowledgement">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:OMD_Sheffield_2024.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/OMD_Sheffield_2024.jpg/220px-OMD_Sheffield_2024.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/OMD_Sheffield_2024.jpg/330px-OMD_Sheffield_2024.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/OMD_Sheffield_2024.jpg/440px-OMD_Sheffield_2024.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="810" /></a><figcaption>OMD at <a href="/wiki/Sheffield" title="Sheffield">Sheffield</a> City Hall during 2024 UK Tour</figcaption></figure> During the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_lockdown_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="COVID-19 lockdown in the United Kingdom">COVID-19 lockdown</a> imposed in March 2020, McCluskey "rediscovered the creative power of boredom" and began writing material for OMD's next studio album.<a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a> In October, the band returned to live performance with a limited-capacity gig at London's <a href="/wiki/The_O2#indigo_at_The_O2" title="The O2">indigo at The O2</a>, with proceeds going to their road crew; the event was also streamed online.<a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a> In 2021, the Souvenir box set was nominated for "Best Historical Album" at the <a href="/wiki/Grammy_Awards" title="Grammy Awards">Grammy Awards</a>.<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> Also that year, OMD celebrated the 40th anniversary of 1981's Architecture & Morality with a UK tour, and released a triple-vinyl set of the album's singles containing associated B-sides, demo recordings, and live tracks.<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a> In March 2022, a pair of concerts with a heavy emphasis on the group's more experimental work (rescheduled from September 2020), took place at the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Albert_Hall" title="Royal Albert Hall">Royal Albert Hall</a>, with a live album based on the shows released through the OMD store.<a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a><a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a> Another re-issue of 1983's Dazzle Ships, featuring previously unheard recordings, was announced for a March 2023 release.<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a> OMD's fourteenth studio album, <a href="/wiki/Bauhaus_Staircase" title="Bauhaus Staircase">Bauhaus Staircase</a>, was released on 27 October 2023;<a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a> it was preceded by a single, the title track, on 22 August.<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> The record debuted at no. 2 on the UK Albums Chart, matching the peak achieved by <a href="/wiki/The_Best_of_OMD" title="The Best of OMD">The Best of OMD</a> (1988).<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a> McCluskey has said that Bauhaus Staircase is likely to be the band's final album.<a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a> Their latest 2024 tour runs from March to October including gigs in the UK, South Africa, Canada and the US.<a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Artistry_and_image">Artistry and image</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Artistry and image">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_ethos_and_presentation">Early ethos and presentation</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Early ethos and presentation">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1224211176"><div class="quotebox pullquote floatleft" style="width:30em; ;"> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> "It's kind of like, 'less is more'. We consciously tried to minimise what we were doing." </blockquote> <cite class="left-aligned" style="">Andy McCluskey<a href="#cite_note-Johnston18-116">[116]</a></cite> </div> <a href="/wiki/Spin_(magazine)" title="Spin (magazine)">Spin</a> wrote that "OMD set about reinventing <a href="/wiki/Punk_rock" title="Punk rock">punk</a> with different applications of dance beats, keyboards, melodies, and sulks", rejecting the genre's "sonic trappings but not its intellectual freedom".<a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a> The group found commercial success with a style of synth-pop described as "<a href="/wiki/Experimental_music" title="Experimental music">experimental</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Minimal_music" title="Minimal music">minimal[ist]</a>" and "edgy".<a href="#cite_note-Shand2019-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a><a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a> OMD often eschewed choruses, replacing them with synthesizer lines, and opted for unconventional lyrical subjects such as <a href="/wiki/Industrial_processes" title="Industrial processes">industrial processes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Micronation" title="Micronation">micronations</a> and <a href="/wiki/Telephone_booth" title="Telephone booth">telephone boxes</a>;<a href="#cite_note-Ware2013-120">[120]</a><a href="#cite_note-Awbi13-121">[121]</a> the <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a> said that the band "were always more intellectual" than "contemporaries like <a href="/wiki/Duran_Duran" title="Duran Duran">Duran Duran</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eurythmics" title="Eurythmics">Eurythmics</a>".<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a> Despite the group's experimentation, they employed pop <a href="/wiki/Hook_(music)" title="Hook (music)">hooks</a> in their music,<a href="#cite_note-popmatters08-123">[123]</a> attaining what <a href="/wiki/AllMusic" title="AllMusic">AllMusic</a> described as "the enviable position of at once being creative innovators and radio-friendly pop giants".<a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a> According to the <a href="/wiki/NRC_Handelsblad" class="mw-redirect" title="NRC Handelsblad">NRC</a>, OMD are "known as the band that managed to wring emotion from synthesizer pop".<a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Scotsman" title="The Scotsman">The Scotsman</a> stated that "their music, even with its occasionally cerebral themes, has always been defined by warmth, heart and soul: the sound of machinery manipulated by a tender human touch."<a href="#cite_note-Scotsman18-126">[126]</a> Musician <a href="/wiki/Vince_Clarke" title="Vince Clarke">Vince Clarke</a> felt the group were responsible for educating mainstream audiences that electronic music could have emotion.<a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a> Michael Grace Jr., founder of indie pop outfit <a href="/wiki/My_Favorite" title="My Favorite">My Favorite</a>, said in 2018, "The thing that strikes me now when I return to OMD is how remarkably human they sound. They are a <a href="/wiki/Soul_music" title="Soul music">soul</a> band for an automated age. OMD proposed an honest rendering of the tension, fascination, and occasional terror they felt about how ghosts and machines would get along. It was more <a href="/wiki/Philip_K._Dick" title="Philip K. Dick">Philip K. Dick</a> than <a href="/wiki/Steve_Jobs" title="Steve Jobs">Steve Jobs</a>."<a href="#cite_note-Johnston18-116">[116]</a> McCluskey and Humphreys were influenced by <a href="/wiki/Electronic_music" title="Electronic music">electronic</a> artists such as <a href="/wiki/Kraftwerk" title="Kraftwerk">Kraftwerk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brian_Eno" title="Brian Eno">Brian Eno</a> and <a href="/wiki/Neu!" title="Neu!">Neu!</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Lindores-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a> as well as more mainstream acts like <a href="/wiki/David_Bowie" title="David Bowie">David Bowie</a> and <a href="/wiki/Roxy_Music" title="Roxy Music">Roxy Music</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Fisher2013-59">[59]</a> OMD drew inspiration from former <a href="/wiki/Factory_Records" title="Factory Records">Factory Records</a> label-mates <a href="/wiki/Joy_Division" title="Joy Division">Joy Division</a>, particularly during the making of <a href="/wiki/Organisation_(album)" title="Organisation (album)">Organisation</a> (1980).<a href="#cite_note-RC19-22">[22]</a> The group also recorded two <a href="/wiki/The_Velvet_Underground" title="The Velvet Underground">Velvet Underground</a> covers.<a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a> OMD have been recognised as the first of Britain's many "synth duo" acts.<a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a><a href="#cite_note-Kerr09-131">[131]</a> Although the two original members enlisted other musicians over time, <a href="/wiki/PopMatters" title="PopMatters">PopMatters</a> wrote that the band remained, "in essence, the songwriting/recording duo of Andy McCluskey and Paul Humphreys".<a href="#cite_note-Bergstrom23-132">[132]</a> OMD continues to be termed a "duo" in the media.<a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a><a href="#cite_note-134">[134]</a><a href="#cite_note-135">[135]</a> OMD were indifferent to celebrity status, and avoided the calculated fashion stylings of many of their 1980s peers.<a href="#cite_note-breakfast2010-16">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-136">[136]</a> During live performances, McCluskey developed a frenetic dancing style that has been dubbed the "Trainee Teacher Dance";<a href="#cite_note-Ryan2019-137">[137]</a> he explains that it stemmed "from the perception that [OMD] were making boring robotic intellectual music that you couldn't dance to".<a href="#cite_note-138">[138]</a> Journalist <a href="/wiki/Hugo_Lindgren" title="Hugo Lindgren">Hugo Lindgren</a> noted that the group were perceived as "oddballs, freaks" on the Liverpool scene,<a href="#cite_note-Lindgren-7">[7]</a> while McCluskey has identified himself and Humphreys as "synth punks" and "complete <a href="/wiki/Geek" title="Geek">geeks</a>".<a href="#cite_note-139">[139]</a><a href="#cite_note-140">[140]</a> OMD weathered an "uncool" image,<a href="#cite_note-1981CH5-23">[23]</a><a href="#cite_note-Wilson2012-141">[141]</a> and faced hostility from sections of the music press in the 1980s.<a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a><a href="#cite_note-143">[143]</a><a href="#cite_note-144">[144]</a> Critic <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Collins_(broadcaster)" title="Andrew Collins (broadcaster)">Andrew Collins</a> asserted, however, that the band would eventually "become cool" to the public.<a href="#cite_note-1981CH5-23">[23]</a> <a href="/wiki/Record_Mirror" title="Record Mirror">Record Mirror</a> pondered in 1980 whether McCluskey and Humphreys were emerging as "the <a href="/wiki/Lennon%E2%80%93McCartney" title="Lennon–McCartney">Lennon and McCartney</a> of the electronic world".<a href="#cite_note-145">[145]</a> The press began to describe the duo as "the Lennon–McCartney of synth-pop", which <a href="/wiki/The_A.V._Club" title="The A.V. Club">the A.V. Club</a> saw as "a weighty mantle that has as much to do with their hailing from Liverpool as anything".<a href="#cite_note-O'Neal08-5">[5]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Salt_Lake_City_Weekly" title="Salt Lake City Weekly">Salt Lake City Weekly</a> remarked that the label "might be a bit hyperbolic, but OMD was indeed ahead of its time".<a href="#cite_note-146">[146]</a> The Scotsman had no reservations about the moniker, labelling OMD a "thoroughly sparkling pop group" with "more hooks than a chain of <a href="/wiki/Angling" title="Angling">angling</a> megastores".<a href="#cite_note-Scotsman18-126">[126]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mid-1980s_style_change">Mid-1980s style change</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Mid-1980s style change">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:TonyKanal.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/TonyKanal.jpg/150px-TonyKanal.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="224" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/TonyKanal.jpg/225px-TonyKanal.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/19/TonyKanal.jpg 2x" data-file-width="295" data-file-height="441" /></a><figcaption>OMD's mid-1980s reinvention alienated some listeners, but was embraced by others, including bassist <a href="/wiki/Tony_Kanal" title="Tony Kanal">Tony Kanal</a> of <a href="/wiki/No_Doubt" title="No Doubt">No Doubt</a>.</figcaption></figure> The experimental <a href="/wiki/Dazzle_Ships_(album)" title="Dazzle Ships (album)">Dazzle Ships</a> (1983) was a critical and commercial disappointment upon release. Facing potential excision from Virgin Records, OMD moved towards a more accessible sound on the <a href="/wiki/Black_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Black music">black music</a>-influenced <a href="/wiki/Junk_Culture" title="Junk Culture">Junk Culture</a> (1984); the band also donned more vibrant garments on the album's accompanying tour.<a href="#cite_note-147">[147]</a><a href="#cite_note-148">[148]</a> The group continued to incorporate elements of sonic <a href="/wiki/Experimental_music" title="Experimental music">experimentation</a>,<a href="#cite_note-popmatters08-123">[123]</a><a href="#cite_note-Elliot-149">[149]</a> although their sound became increasingly polished on the <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Hague" title="Stephen Hague">Stephen Hague</a>-produced studio albums <a href="/wiki/Crush_(Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark_album)" title="Crush (Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark album)">Crush</a> (1985) and <a href="/wiki/The_Pacific_Age" title="The Pacific Age">The Pacific Age</a> (1986).<a href="#cite_note-messages148–9-53">[53]</a><a href="#cite_note-150">[150]</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Quietus" title="The Quietus">The Quietus</a> founder John Doran, who was supportive of the band's reinvention, told how it became "quite popular to see OMD as nose-diving into the effluence after Dazzle Ships".<a href="#cite_note-151">[151]</a><a href="#cite_note-152">[152]</a> Author <a href="/wiki/Richard_Metzger" title="Richard Metzger">Richard Metzger</a> refused to "stick up for anything they recorded" afterwards,<a href="#cite_note-153">[153]</a> while <a href="/wiki/The_A.V._Club" title="The A.V. Club">the A.V. Club</a> alleged that McCluskey would "give up" following that album.<a href="#cite_note-154">[154]</a> Conversely, music journalist <a href="/wiki/Ian_Peel_(journalist)" title="Ian Peel (journalist)">Ian Peel</a> observed "two brilliant, but very different, bands. Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark, the early 80s Factory descendents... and OMD, the late 80s stadium pop act."<a href="#cite_note-PeelRC-155">[155]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Miami_New_Times" title="Miami New Times">Miami New Times</a> asserted that "even their poppiest records of that postexperimental era, such as Junk Culture and Crush, were clever and beautifully arranged."<a href="#cite_note-Cárdenas-67">[67]</a> Musicians have commented on OMD's post-Dazzle Ships output. <a href="/wiki/Telekinesis_(band)" title="Telekinesis (band)">Michael "Telekinesis" Lerner</a> was unable to "sink [his] teeth into" Junk Culture, and did not invest in the group again for many years.<a href="#cite_note-156">[156]</a> <a href="/wiki/Moby" title="Moby">Moby</a> remarked, "Their earlier records were just phenomenal... a few years on they were making music for <a href="/wiki/John_Hughes_(filmmaker)" title="John Hughes (filmmaker)">John Hughes</a> movies, and they were good at it and I'm glad that they had success with it, but it wasn't nearly as creatively inspiring."<a href="#cite_note-157">[157]</a> Conversely, bassist <a href="/wiki/Tony_Kanal" title="Tony Kanal">Tony Kanal</a> of <a href="/wiki/No_Doubt" title="No Doubt">No Doubt</a> told how his band experimented with OMD-esque "John Hughes prom-scene movie moment kind of songs", adding that "Junk Culture is great".<a href="#cite_note-Marchese2012-158">[158]</a> Angus Andrew of <a href="/wiki/Liars_(band)" title="Liars (band)">Liars</a> referred to "the complexity and mastery in OMD's later pop material", calling himself "a fan of OMD albums from all of their phases".<a href="#cite_note-159">[159]</a> The group themselves describe Junk Culture as an enjoyable "collection of songs" as opposed to a "deep, conceptual" record,<a href="#cite_note-FC13-160">[160]</a> and argue that Crush features some strong material despite being hastily written and excessively produced.<a href="#cite_note-messages148–9-53">[53]</a><a href="#cite_note-FC13-160">[160]</a> They concede, however, that The Pacific Age "[does]n't work" and marks their "musical nadir".<a href="#cite_note-Majewski2014-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-161">[161]</a> Critic <a href="/wiki/Jessica_Bendinger" title="Jessica Bendinger">Jessica Bendinger</a> reflected on OMD's stylistic journey by the late 1980s, saying that "their music has been colored by continual exploration... which has run the gamut from <a href="/wiki/Gregorian_chant" title="Gregorian chant">Gregorian-chant</a>-inspired anthems of love to a union of Orchestral-<a href="/wiki/Motown_(music_style)" class="mw-redirect" title="Motown (music style)">Motown</a>."<a href="#cite_note-162">[162]</a> <a href="/wiki/SF_Weekly" title="SF Weekly">SF Weekly</a> said, "It's hard to think of any 1980s <a href="/wiki/New_wave_music" title="New wave music">new wave</a> bands that could navigate the genre's spectrum of sound and mood as well as Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark."<a href="#cite_note-Casagrande18-163">[163]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Subsequent_reinventions">Subsequent reinventions</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Subsequent reinventions">edit</a>]</div> The McCluskey-led OMD explored a <a href="/wiki/Electronic_dance_music" title="Electronic dance music">dance</a>-oriented approach on <a href="/wiki/Sugar_Tax_(album)" title="Sugar Tax (album)">Sugar Tax</a> (1991) and <a href="/wiki/Liberator_(album)" title="Liberator (album)">Liberator</a> (1993);<a href="#cite_note-Evans2004-63">[63]</a> the latter has since been dismissed by McCluskey.<a href="#cite_note-RC19-22">[22]</a> Ian Peel wrote that the band "defied expectations by updating their sound and becoming, if only briefly, relevant in the 90s".<a href="#cite_note-PeelRC-155">[155]</a> The group disbanded shortly after the release of <a href="/wiki/Universal_(Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark_album)" title="Universal (Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark album)">Universal</a> (1996), on which they strained for a more organic and acoustic sound.<a href="#cite_note-RC19-22">[22]</a> In reviewing <a href="/wiki/The_OMD_Singles" title="The OMD Singles">The OMD Singles</a> (1998), <a href="/wiki/AllMusic" title="AllMusic">AllMusic</a> asserted that the band "covered in a single career that same territory explored by <a href="/wiki/The_Human_League" title="The Human League">the Human League</a>, <a href="/wiki/Erasure_(duo)" title="Erasure (duo)">Erasure</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yazoo_(band)" title="Yazoo (band)">Yaz[oo]</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Order_(band)" title="New Order (band)">New Order</a>, and beyond."<a href="#cite_note-Schulte-69">[69]</a> Since OMD's 2006 reformation, their material has been seen as more akin to their early output.<a href="#cite_note-164">[164]</a><a href="#cite_note-165">[165]</a> PopMatters wrote that the group's 21st century work represents "one of the more successful second acts in modern pop history".<a href="#cite_note-Bergstrom23-132">[132]</a> The band are noted for their diverse contributions to the electronic, new wave, experimental, dance and <a href="/wiki/Post-punk" title="Post-punk">post-punk</a> genres.<a href="#cite_note-Marder14-3">[3]</a> OMD have undertaken regular UK and international gigs since they reformed, staging their own tours and also embracing '80s revival festivals such as the <a href="/wiki/Rewind_Festival" title="Rewind Festival">Rewind Festival</a> and Heritage Live.<a href="#cite_note-166">[166]</a><a href="#cite_note-167">[167]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy_and_influence">Legacy and influence</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Legacy and influence">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Depeche_Mode_1981.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Depeche_Mode_1981.jpg/200px-Depeche_Mode_1981.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Depeche_Mode_1981.jpg/300px-Depeche_Mode_1981.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Depeche_Mode_1981.jpg/400px-Depeche_Mode_1981.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1483" data-file-height="968" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Depeche_Mode" title="Depeche Mode">Depeche Mode</a> in 1981; co-founder <a href="/wiki/Vince_Clarke" title="Vince Clarke">Vince Clarke</a> (bottom left) said that the band would never have happened without OMD.<a href="#cite_note-168">[168]</a></figcaption></figure> OMD have sold over 40 million records,<a href="#cite_note-171">[a]</a> and are considered one of synth-pop's most influential acts.<a href="#cite_note-Scotsman18-126">[126]</a><a href="#cite_note-Casagrande18-163">[163]</a><a href="#cite_note-172">[171]</a><a href="#cite_note-Shey11-173">[172]</a> They were identified by <a href="/wiki/The_A.V._Club" title="The A.V. Club">the A.V. Club</a> as "one of the earliest synthesizer-driven bands to break out of the <a href="/wiki/Post-punk" title="Post-punk">post-punk</a> scene and lead the charge toward the defining sound of the [1980s]."<a href="#cite_note-O'Neal08-5">[5]</a> <a href="/wiki/PopMatters" title="PopMatters">PopMatters</a> noted how OMD's work "gave credibility to ambitious pop" and led to "the emergence of a generation of electronic bands", including <a href="/wiki/Talk_Talk" title="Talk Talk">Talk Talk</a>, <a href="/wiki/ABC_(band)" title="ABC (band)">ABC</a>, <a href="/wiki/Blancmange_(band)" title="Blancmange (band)">Blancmange</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Vince_Clarke" title="Vince Clarke">Vince Clarke</a> projects <a href="/wiki/Depeche_Mode" title="Depeche Mode">Depeche Mode</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yazoo_(band)" title="Yazoo (band)">Yazoo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Erasure_(duo)" title="Erasure (duo)">Erasure</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Shand2019-2">[2]</a> Clarke recognised OMD as being "ahead of their time", and credited their "really great tunes and ideas" with directly inspiring him to become an electronic musician.<a href="#cite_note-174">[173]</a><a href="#cite_note-175">[174]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Pet_Shop_Boys" title="Pet Shop Boys">Pet Shop Boys</a> found common ground in their affection for OMD, drawing particular inspiration from "<a href="/wiki/Souvenir_(song)" title="Souvenir (song)">Souvenir</a>" (1981).<a href="#cite_note-176">[175]</a><a href="#cite_note-177">[176]</a> Lead singer <a href="/wiki/Neil_Tennant" title="Neil Tennant">Neil Tennant</a> named the group as "pioneers of electronic music"<a href="#cite_note-178">[177]</a>—a viewpoint shared by multiple outlets.<a href="#cite_note-184">[b]</a> OMD impacted the likes of <a href="/wiki/Howard_Jones_(British_musician)" title="Howard Jones (British musician)">Howard Jones</a>,<a href="#cite_note-185">[183]</a><a href="#cite_note-ptstf-186">[184]</a> <a href="/wiki/New_Order_(band)" title="New Order (band)">New Order</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Shand2019-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-187">[185]</a> <a href="/wiki/Tears_for_Fears" title="Tears for Fears">Tears for Fears</a>,<a href="#cite_note-188">[186]</a> <a href="/wiki/Frankie_Goes_to_Hollywood" title="Frankie Goes to Hollywood">Frankie Goes to Hollywood</a>,<a href="#cite_note-189">[187]</a> <a href="/wiki/A-ha" title="A-ha">a-ha</a>,<a href="#cite_note-190">[188]</a><a href="#cite_note-191">[189]</a> <a href="/wiki/Men_Without_Hats" title="Men Without Hats">Men Without Hats</a>,<a href="#cite_note-192">[190]</a> <a href="/wiki/Alphaville_(band)" title="Alphaville (band)">Alphaville</a>,<a href="#cite_note-193">[191]</a> <a href="/wiki/China_Crisis" title="China Crisis">China Crisis</a>,<a href="#cite_note-194">[192]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Duran_Duran" title="Duran Duran">Duran Duran</a>, for whom "<a href="/wiki/Electricity_(Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark_song)" title="Electricity (Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark song)">Electricity</a>" (1979) was an early influence.<a href="#cite_note-Shand2019-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-195">[193]</a> The band were cited as "heroes" by <a href="/wiki/Kim_Wilde" title="Kim Wilde">Kim Wilde</a> songwriter/producer, <a href="/wiki/Ricky_Wilde" title="Ricky Wilde">Ricky Wilde</a>.<a href="#cite_note-196">[194]</a> Within rock music, OMD directly inspired <a href="/wiki/ZZ_Top" title="ZZ Top">ZZ Top</a>'s introduction of electronic instruments and onstage dancing in the early 1980s.<a href="#cite_note-197">[195]</a><a href="#cite_note-198">[196]</a> The group were influential on <a href="/wiki/U2" title="U2">U2</a>, whose frontman, <a href="/wiki/Bono" title="Bono">Bono</a>, adorned his bedroom wall with a poster of their <a href="/wiki/Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark_(album)" title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark (album)">debut album</a> cover; bandmate <a href="/wiki/Adam_Clayton" title="Adam Clayton">Adam Clayton</a> later contributed to the official biography, OMD: Pretending to See the Future (2018).<a href="#cite_note-199">[197]</a> <a href="/wiki/Red_Hot_Chili_Peppers" title="Red Hot Chili Peppers">Red Hot Chili Peppers</a> guitarist, <a href="/wiki/John_Frusciante" title="John Frusciante">John Frusciante</a>, drew inspiration from the group's "minimal" synthesizer melodies, in which "every note means something new".<a href="#cite_note-200">[198]</a> OMD were also influential on <a href="/wiki/Industrial_music" title="Industrial music">industrial</a> artists such as <a href="/wiki/Nine_Inch_Nails" title="Nine Inch Nails">Nine Inch Nails</a>,<a href="#cite_note-201">[199]</a><a href="#cite_note-202">[200]</a> <a href="/wiki/Skinny_Puppy" title="Skinny Puppy">Skinny Puppy</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Nivek_Ogre" title="Nivek Ogre">Nivek Ogre</a>,<a href="#cite_note-203">[201]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Front_Line_Assembly" title="Front Line Assembly">Front Line Assembly</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Rhys_Fulber" title="Rhys Fulber">Rhys Fulber</a>, who observed an "amazing" combination of "art, experimentation and pop".<a href="#cite_note-204">[202]</a> <a href="/wiki/Ministry_(band)" title="Ministry (band)">Ministry</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Al_Jourgensen" title="Al Jourgensen">Al Jourgensen</a> found inspiration in "Electricity".<a href="#cite_note-205">[203]</a> <a href="/wiki/Simple_Minds" title="Simple Minds">Simple Minds</a>' <a href="/wiki/Jim_Kerr" title="Jim Kerr">Jim Kerr</a> recalled, "I was more than instantly charmed by [OMD]... they had somehow arrived almost fully formed and with a talent for spitfire <a href="/wiki/Hook_(music)" title="Hook (music)">hooks</a> that permeated right through their songs."<a href="#cite_note-Kerr09-131">[131]</a> Former <a href="/wiki/Kraftwerk" title="Kraftwerk">Kraftwerk</a> member <a href="/wiki/Karl_Bartos" title="Karl Bartos">Karl Bartos</a> lauded the band's "magnificent melodies", likening them to "<a href="/wiki/Italian_folk_music" title="Italian folk music">Italian folk music</a>, the very music <a href="/wiki/Giacomo_Puccini" title="Giacomo Puccini">[Giacomo] Puccini</a> absorbed".<a href="#cite_note-ptstf-186">[184]</a> OMD have garnered praise from other 1980s peers including <a href="/wiki/Trevor_Horn" title="Trevor Horn">Trevor Horn</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Horn10-81">[81]</a> <a href="/wiki/Toyah_Willcox" title="Toyah Willcox">Toyah Willcox</a>,<a href="#cite_note-1981CH5-23">[23]</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Human_League" title="The Human League">the Human League</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Philip_Oakey" title="Philip Oakey">Philip Oakey</a>,<a href="#cite_note-ptstf-186">[184]</a> <a href="/wiki/Thompson_Twins" title="Thompson Twins">Thompson Twins</a>' <a href="/wiki/Tom_Bailey_(musician)" title="Tom Bailey (musician)">Tom Bailey</a>,<a href="#cite_note-ptstf-186">[184]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mute_Records" title="Mute Records">Mute Records</a> founder <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Miller_(music_producer)" title="Daniel Miller (music producer)">Daniel Miller</a>,<a href="#cite_note-ptstf-186">[184]</a> while <a href="/wiki/Gary_Numan" title="Gary Numan">Gary Numan</a> credited the group for "some of the best pop songs ever written".<a href="#cite_note-ptstf-186">[184]</a> Frontman McCluskey has gained the admiration of musicians such as <a href="/wiki/Paul_McCartney" title="Paul McCartney">Paul McCartney</a>,<a href="#cite_note-206">[204]</a> <a href="/wiki/Heaven_17" title="Heaven 17">Heaven 17</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Martyn_Ware" title="Martyn Ware">Martyn Ware</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Ware22-207">[205]</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Teardrop_Explodes" title="The Teardrop Explodes">The Teardrop Explodes</a>'s <a href="/wiki/David_Balfe" title="David Balfe">David Balfe</a>,<a href="#cite_note-ptstf-186">[184]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Joy_Division" title="Joy Division">Joy Division</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Peter_Hook" title="Peter Hook">Peter Hook</a>, who labelled him a "really underrated" talent.<a href="#cite_note-208">[206]</a> OMD helped to inform the 1990s <a href="/wiki/Electronic_dance_music" title="Electronic dance music">dance music</a> scene.<a href="#cite_note-209">[207]</a> They became an early influence on performers including <a href="/wiki/Orbital_(band)" title="Orbital (band)">Orbital</a>,<a href="#cite_note-210">[208]</a> <a href="/wiki/David_Guetta" title="David Guetta">David Guetta</a>,<a href="#cite_note-211">[209]</a> <a href="/wiki/Paul_van_Dyk" title="Paul van Dyk">Paul van Dyk</a>,<a href="#cite_note-212">[210]</a> <a href="/wiki/Mike_Paradinas" title="Mike Paradinas">Mike Paradinas</a>,<a href="#cite_note-213">[211]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Moby" title="Moby">Moby</a>, who cited the band as "synth heroes" and a critical factor in his career choice.<a href="#cite_note-Shey11-173">[172]</a><a href="#cite_note-214">[212]</a> Among rock-oriented artists, OMD have inspired the likes of <a href="/wiki/No_Doubt" title="No Doubt">No Doubt</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Marchese2012-158">[158]</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Killers" title="The Killers">the Killers</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Ranta13-215">[213]</a><a href="#cite_note-216">[214]</a> <a href="/wiki/The_xx" title="The xx">the xx</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Bray13-17">[17]</a> <a href="/wiki/Barenaked_Ladies" title="Barenaked Ladies">Barenaked Ladies</a>,<a href="#cite_note-217">[215]</a> <a href="/wiki/MGMT" title="MGMT">MGMT</a>,<a href="#cite_note-218">[216]</a> <a href="/wiki/AFI_(band)" title="AFI (band)">AFI</a>,<a href="#cite_note-ptstf-186">[184]</a><a href="#cite_note-219">[217]</a> <a href="/wiki/LCD_Soundsystem" title="LCD Soundsystem">LCD Soundsystem</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Ranta13-215">[213]</a><a href="#cite_note-220">[218]</a> and <a href="/wiki/James_Mercer_(musician)" title="James Mercer (musician)">James Mercer</a> of <a href="/wiki/The_Shins" title="The Shins">the Shins</a> and <a href="/wiki/Broken_Bells" title="Broken Bells">Broken Bells</a>. Mercer affirmed, "OMD are an integral thread in my musical history. You can hear them in my melodic sensibilities and at times in our production... I'll always love them."<a href="#cite_note-221">[219]</a> The group have also influenced pop acts such as <a href="/wiki/Gary_Barlow" title="Gary Barlow">Gary Barlow</a>,<a href="#cite_note-MettlerJune16-27">[27]</a> <a href="/wiki/Robyn" title="Robyn">Robyn</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Ranta13-215">[213]</a> <a href="/wiki/La_Roux" title="La Roux">La Roux</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Bray13-17">[17]</a> <a href="/wiki/Peter_Bjorn_and_John" title="Peter Bjorn and John">Peter Bjorn and John</a>,<a href="#cite_note-222">[220]</a> <a href="/wiki/Neil_Hannon" title="Neil Hannon">Neil Hannon</a>,<a href="#cite_note-223">[221]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Belle_and_Sebastian" title="Belle and Sebastian">Belle and Sebastian</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Stevie_Jackson" title="Stevie Jackson">Stevie Jackson</a>.<a href="#cite_note-224">[222]</a> Singer <a href="/wiki/Anohni" title="Anohni">Anohni</a> said of <a href="/wiki/Architecture_%26_Morality" title="Architecture & Morality">Architecture & Morality</a> (1981) and <a href="/wiki/Dazzle_Ships_(album)" title="Dazzle Ships (album)">Dazzle Ships</a> (1983): "Those records, they really changed me when I was a kid. I'd never heard anything quite like it... this really scary, futuristic landscape."<a href="#cite_note-225">[223]</a> The experimental Dazzle Ships has influenced various artists, including <a href="/wiki/Arcade_Fire" title="Arcade Fire">Arcade Fire</a> (and orchestrator <a href="/wiki/Owen_Pallett" title="Owen Pallett">Owen Pallett</a>),<a href="#cite_note-Earls2020-18">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-226">[224]</a> <a href="/wiki/Radiohead" title="Radiohead">Radiohead</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Earls2020-18">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-227">[225]</a> <a href="/wiki/Death_Cab_for_Cutie" title="Death Cab for Cutie">Death Cab for Cutie</a>,<a href="#cite_note-228">[226]</a> <a href="/wiki/Saint_Etienne_(band)" title="Saint Etienne (band)">Saint Etienne</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Ware2013-120">[120]</a> <a href="/wiki/Future_Islands" title="Future Islands">Future Islands</a>,<a href="#cite_note-229">[227]</a> and producer <a href="/wiki/Mark_Ronson" title="Mark Ronson">Mark Ronson</a>.<a href="#cite_note-230">[228]</a><a href="#cite_note-231">[229]</a> Its content was sampled by the <a href="/wiki/Hip_hop_music" title="Hip hop music">hip hop</a> acts <a href="/wiki/Kid_Cudi" title="Kid Cudi">Kid Cudi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lushlife" title="Lushlife">Lushlife</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Ryan2019-137">[137]</a><a href="#cite_note-232">[230]</a> Elsewhere, "Electricity" directly inspired the creation of <a href="/wiki/Indie_pop" title="Indie pop">indie pop</a> band <a href="/wiki/Nation_of_Language" title="Nation of Language">Nation of Language</a>,<a href="#cite_note-233">[231]</a> as well as the radio career of <a href="/wiki/Steve_Lamacq" title="Steve Lamacq">Steve Lamacq</a>.<a href="#cite_note-234">[232]</a><a href="#cite_note-235">[233]</a> The synth-pop acts <a href="/wiki/Our_Daughter%27s_Wedding" title="Our Daughter's Wedding">Our Daughter's Wedding</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hot_Chip" title="Hot Chip">Hot Chip</a> paid "homage" to OMD in their work,<a href="#cite_note-236">[234]</a><a href="#cite_note-237">[235]</a> while <a href="/wiki/Indie_rock" title="Indie rock">indie rock</a> group <a href="/wiki/Low_(band)" title="Low (band)">Low</a> wrote "<a href="/wiki/The_Great_Destroyer" title="The Great Destroyer">Cue the Strings</a>" (2005) as a "shout-out" to the band.<a href="#cite_note-238">[236]</a> Pop singer <a href="/wiki/Boy_George" title="Boy George">Boy George</a> said he wished he had written OMD's "<a href="/wiki/The_Punishment_of_Luxury_(album)" title="The Punishment of Luxury (album)">The View from Here</a>" (2017).<a href="#cite_note-239">[237]</a> The group's influence extends to <a href="/wiki/Indie_folk" title="Indie folk">indie folk</a> singer <a href="/wiki/Sharon_Van_Etten" title="Sharon Van Etten">Sharon Van Etten</a>,<a href="#cite_note-240">[238]</a> <a href="/wiki/Alternative_metal" title="Alternative metal">alternative metal</a> band <a href="/wiki/Deftones" title="Deftones">Deftones</a>,<a href="#cite_note-241">[239]</a> <a href="/wiki/Country_music" title="Country music">country</a> duo <a href="/wiki/Sugarland" title="Sugarland">Sugarland</a>,<a href="#cite_note-242">[240]</a> actor/writer <a href="/wiki/Scott_Aukerman" title="Scott Aukerman">Scott Aukerman</a>,<a href="#cite_note-243">[241]</a> novelist <a href="/wiki/Anna_Smaill" title="Anna Smaill">Anna Smaill</a>,<a href="#cite_note-244">[242]</a> filmmaker <a href="/wiki/Noah_Baumbach" title="Noah Baumbach">Noah Baumbach</a>,<a href="#cite_note-245">[243]</a><a href="#cite_note-246">[244]</a> physicist <a href="/wiki/Brian_Cox_(physicist)" title="Brian Cox (physicist)">Brian Cox</a>,<a href="#cite_note-247">[245]</a> and musician/producer <a href="/wiki/Steven_Wilson" title="Steven Wilson">Steven Wilson</a>, who has worked in varied genres. Wilson dubbed OMD a "wonderful collision of ideas", whose albums "stand up very, very well as experimental pop records with the most enjoyable kind of songwriting".<a href="#cite_note-Wilson2012-141">[141]</a> The group were inducted into the <a href="/wiki/Goldmine_(magazine)" title="Goldmine (magazine)">Goldmine</a> Hall of Fame in 2014, being described as "leader[s] in the synthpop movement" and one of rock's most "underappreciated" bands.<a href="#cite_note-Marder14-3">[3]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Members">Members</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Members">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:20180728_K%C3%B6ln_Amphi_Festival_OMD_0151.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/20180728_K%C3%B6ln_Amphi_Festival_OMD_0151.jpg/200px-20180728_K%C3%B6ln_Amphi_Festival_OMD_0151.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/20180728_K%C3%B6ln_Amphi_Festival_OMD_0151.jpg/300px-20180728_K%C3%B6ln_Amphi_Festival_OMD_0151.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/20180728_K%C3%B6ln_Amphi_Festival_OMD_0151.jpg/400px-20180728_K%C3%B6ln_Amphi_Festival_OMD_0151.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3876" data-file-height="2580" /></a><figcaption>Stuart Kershaw (pictured) replaced longtime drummer Malcolm Holmes in 2015.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Current_members">Current members</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Current members">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andy_McCluskey" title="Andy McCluskey">Andy McCluskey</a> – vocals, bass guitar, keyboards, guitar (1978–1996; 2006–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Humphreys" title="Paul Humphreys">Paul Humphreys</a> – keyboards, vocals (1978–1989; 2006–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Cooper_(musician)" title="Martin Cooper (musician)">Martin Cooper</a> – keyboards, saxophone (1980–1989; 2006–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuart_Kershaw" title="Stuart Kershaw">Stuart Kershaw</a> – drums (1993; 2015–present)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Former_members">Former members</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Former members">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Holmes" title="Malcolm Holmes">Malcolm Holmes</a> – drums, percussion (1980–1989; 2006–2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Hughes_(musician)" title="David Hughes (musician)">Dave Hughes</a> – keyboards (1979–1980)</li> <li>Michael Douglas – keyboards (1980–1981)</li> <li>Graham Weir – guitar, brass, keyboards (1984–1989)</li> <li>Neil Weir – brass, keyboards, bass guitar (1984–1989)</li> <li>Phil Coxon – keyboards (1991–1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigel_Ipinson" title="Nigel Ipinson">Nigel Ipinson</a> – keyboards (1991–1993)</li> <li>Abe Juckes – drums (1991–1992)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Timeline">Timeline</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Timeline">edit</a>]</div> <div class="timeline-wrapper"><map name="timeline_pn257e31sni28rgr750d686dm17by8r"></map><img usemap="#timeline_pn257e31sni28rgr750d686dm17by8r" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/timeline/pn257e31sni28rgr750d686dm17by8r.png" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Discography">Discography</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Discography">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark_discography" title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark discography">Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark discography</a></div> Studio albums <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark_(album)" title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark (album)">Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organisation_(album)" title="Organisation (album)">Organisation</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_%26_Morality" title="Architecture & Morality">Architecture & Morality</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dazzle_Ships_(album)" title="Dazzle Ships (album)">Dazzle Ships</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junk_Culture" title="Junk Culture">Junk Culture</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crush_(Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark_album)" title="Crush (Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark album)">Crush</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Pacific_Age" title="The Pacific Age">The Pacific Age</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sugar_Tax_(album)" title="Sugar Tax (album)">Sugar Tax</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberator_(album)" title="Liberator (album)">Liberator</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_(Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark_album)" title="Universal (Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark album)">Universal</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Modern" title="History of Modern">History of Modern</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Electric_(album)" title="English Electric (album)">English Electric</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Punishment_of_Luxury_(album)" title="The Punishment of Luxury (album)">The Punishment of Luxury</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bauhaus_Staircase" title="Bauhaus Staircase">Bauhaus Staircase</a> (2023)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-171"><a href="#cite_ref-171">^</a> OMD have sold over 40 million records.<a href="#cite_note-Awbi13-121">[121]</a><a href="#cite_note-169">[169]</a><a href="#cite_note-170">[170]</a> In 2019, Music Week recorded sales of 15 million albums and 25 million singles.<a href="#cite_note-Hanley2019-1">[1]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-184"><a href="#cite_ref-184">^</a> OMD have been recognised by multiple outlets as pioneers of electronic music.<a href="#cite_note-Hanley2019-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-179">[178]</a><a href="#cite_note-180">[179]</a><a href="#cite_note-181">[180]</a><a href="#cite_note-182">[181]</a><a href="#cite_note-183">[182]</a> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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[...] What always has separated OMD from the majority of the second British invasion was their talent for memorable melodies.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=St.+Petersburg+Times&rft.atitle=Sugar+Is+Sprinkled+with+Gems&rft.date=1991-08-23&rft.aulast=Riccio&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tampabay.com%2Farchive%2F1991%2F08%2F23%2Fsugar-is-sprinkled-with-gems%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCharry2020" class="citation book cs1">Charry, Eric (2020). 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Retrieved 30 April 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PRS+for+Music&rft.atitle=OMD%2C+English+Electric&rft.date=2013-04-08&rft.aulast=Fisher&rft.aufirst=Kyle&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.prsformusic.com%2Fm-magazine%2Ffeatures%2Fomd-english-electric%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPendras1991" class="citation news cs1">Pendras, Peter (4 October 1991). 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TrevorHorn.com. 8 September 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.trevorhorn.com/news/omd_to_support_the_buggles_on.html">the original</a> on 13 December 2010. Retrieved 13 December 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TrevorHorn.com&rft.atitle=OMD+to+support+The+Buggles+on+28.09.10&rft.date=2010-09-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.trevorhorn.com%2Fnews%2Fomd_to_support_the_buggles_on.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://releasemagazine.net/Reports/buggles.htm">"The Buggles and OMD, Supperclub, London England 28 September 2010"</a>. 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Retrieved 13 April 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=OMD&rft.atitle=Pretending+To+See+The+Future+%E2%80%93+40th+Anniversary+Book&rft.date=2018-06-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.omd.uk.com%2Fnews%2Fpretending-to-see-the-future-40th-anniversary-book%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.side-line.com/omd-to-release-40th-anniversary-book-pretending-to-see-the-future/">"OMD to release 40th anniversary book 'Pretending to see the future'"</a>. Side-line. 14 June 2018. 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Retrieved 16 May 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=UK+%26+Europe+40th+Anniversary+Tour+%E2%80%93+Orchestral+Manoeuvres+In+The+Dark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.omd.uk.com%2Fnews%2Fuk-europe-40th-anniversary-tour%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarnell" class="citation web cs1">Harnell, Steve. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.classicpopmag.com/wp-content/uploads/epub_importer/data/clap/clap_20200129_194874/ops/article_70-1.xml">"2019 Reader Awards"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Classic_Pop_(magazine)" title="Classic Pop (magazine)">Classic Pop</a>. 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Retrieved 18 September 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Souvenir+%E2%80%93+New+Greatest+Hits+%26+Deluxe+Boxset+Announced+%E2%80%93+Orchestral+Manoeuvres+In+The+Dark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.omd.uk.com%2Fnews%2Fsouvenir-new-greatest-hits-deluxe-boxset-announced%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarshall2020" class="citation web cs1">Marshall, Olivia (14 November 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theargus.co.uk/news/18867819.omd-discuss-upcoming-tour-covid-19-enola-gay/">"OMD discuss their upcoming tour, Covid-19 and Enola Gay"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Argus_(Brighton)" title="The Argus (Brighton)">The Argus</a>. 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"The Future, the Past and Forever After". <a href="/wiki/Athens_Voice" title="Athens Voice">Athens Voice</a>. <q>We weren't trying to be pop stars and weren't terribly interested in presenting ourselves as sexy or colourful... we were just about the music.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Athens+Voice&rft.atitle=The+Future%2C+the+Past+and+Forever+After&rft.date=2010-11-24&rft.aulast=McCluskey&rft.aufirst=Andy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ryan2019-137">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ryan2019_137-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ryan2019_137-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRyan2019" class="citation web cs1">Ryan, Gary (14 October 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nme.com/music-interviews/does-rock-n-roll-kill-braincells-andy-mccluskey-orchestral-manoeuvres-in-the-dark-omd-2556689">"Does Rock 'N' Roll Kill Braincells?! – Andy McCluskey"</a>. <a href="/wiki/NME" title="NME">NME</a>. Retrieved 21 February 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NME&rft.atitle=Does+Rock+%27N%27+Roll+Kill+Braincells%3F%21+%E2%80%93+Andy+McCluskey&rft.date=2019-10-14&rft.aulast=Ryan&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nme.com%2Fmusic-interviews%2Fdoes-rock-n-roll-kill-braincells-andy-mccluskey-orchestral-manoeuvres-in-the-dark-omd-2556689&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scotsman.com/whats-on/arts-and-entertainment/orchestral-leap-dark-2480880">"Orchestral Leap in the Dark"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Scotsman" title="The Scotsman">The Scotsman</a>. 3 February 2007. Retrieved 28 January 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Scotsman&rft.atitle=Orchestral+Leap+in+the+Dark&rft.date=2007-02-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scotsman.com%2Fwhats-on%2Farts-and-entertainment%2Forchestral-leap-dark-2480880&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWatkins2013" class="citation web cs1">Watkins, Jack (21 April 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://recordcollectormag.com/articles/mute-record">"Mute Record"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Record_Collector" title="Record Collector">Record Collector</a>. Retrieved 11 August 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Record+Collector&rft.atitle=Mute+Record&rft.date=2013-04-21&rft.aulast=Watkins&rft.aufirst=Jack&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frecordcollectormag.com%2Farticles%2Fmute-record&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorgan2015" class="citation web cs1">Morgan, David (10 July 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wirralglobe.co.uk/news/13382776.andy-mccluskey-on-enola-gay-making-a-comeback-and-why-pop-music-goes-around-in-circles/">"Andy McCluskey on Enola Gay, making a comeback and why pop music goes around in circles"</a>. Wirral Globe. Retrieved 12 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Wirral+Globe&rft.atitle=Andy+McCluskey+on+Enola+Gay%2C+making+a+comeback+and+why+pop+music+goes+around+in+circles&rft.date=2015-07-10&rft.aulast=Morgan&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wirralglobe.co.uk%2Fnews%2F13382776.andy-mccluskey-on-enola-gay-making-a-comeback-and-why-pop-music-goes-around-in-circles%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wilson2012-141">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Wilson2012_141-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wilson2012_141-1">b</a> The linked page features Wilson's introduction. Move to page (i.e. slide) 6 for his comment on OMD: <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBosso2012" class="citation web cs1">Bosso, Joe (17 September 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210302223559/https://www.musicradar.com/news/guitars/steven-wilson-my-top-5-not-so-guilty-pleasures-of-all-time-560830">"Steven Wilson: my top 5 not-so-guilty pleasures of all time"</a>. MusicRadar. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.musicradar.com/news/guitars/steven-wilson-my-top-5-not-so-guilty-pleasures-of-all-time-560830">the original</a> on 2 March 2021. Retrieved 30 November 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MusicRadar&rft.atitle=Steven+Wilson%3A+my+top+5+not-so-guilty+pleasures+of+all+time&rft.date=2012-09-17&rft.aulast=Bosso&rft.aufirst=Joe&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.musicradar.com%2Fnews%2Fguitars%2Fsteven-wilson-my-top-5-not-so-guilty-pleasures-of-all-time-560830&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><a href="#cite_ref-142">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLudgate1980" class="citation magazine cs1">Ludgate, Simon (1 March 1980). "Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark: OMD". <a href="/wiki/Record_Mirror" title="Record Mirror">Record Mirror</a>. p. 15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Record+Mirror&rft.atitle=Orchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark%3A+OMD&rft.pages=15&rft.date=1980-03-01&rft.aulast=Ludgate&rft.aufirst=Simon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><a href="#cite_ref-143">^</a> Waller; Humphreys, p. 173 </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><a href="#cite_ref-144">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJackson2021" class="citation web cs1">Jackson, Josh (21 June 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pastemagazine.com/music/best-albums/the-best-albums-of-1981-1/">"The Best Albums of 1981"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Paste_(magazine)" title="Paste (magazine)">Paste</a>. Retrieved 21 January 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Paste&rft.atitle=The+Best+Albums+of+1981&rft.date=2021-06-21&rft.aulast=Jackson&rft.aufirst=Josh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pastemagazine.com%2Fmusic%2Fbest-albums%2Fthe-best-albums-of-1981-1%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-145"><a href="#cite_ref-145">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHall1980" class="citation magazine cs1">Hall, Philip (15 November 1980). "On the Carpettes". <a href="/wiki/Record_Mirror" title="Record Mirror">Record Mirror</a>. p. 21.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Record+Mirror&rft.atitle=On+the+Carpettes&rft.pages=21&rft.date=1980-11-15&rft.aulast=Hall&rft.aufirst=Philip&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><a href="#cite_ref-146">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHardee2018" class="citation web cs1">Hardee, Howard (14 March 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cityweekly.net/utah/live-music-picks-march-15-21/Content?oid=8006807">"Live Music Picks: March 15–21"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Salt_Lake_City_Weekly" title="Salt Lake City Weekly">Salt Lake City Weekly</a>. Retrieved 24 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Salt+Lake+City+Weekly&rft.atitle=Live+Music+Picks%3A+March+15%E2%80%9321&rft.date=2018-03-14&rft.aulast=Hardee&rft.aufirst=Howard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cityweekly.net%2Futah%2Flive-music-picks-march-15-21%2FContent%3Foid%3D8006807&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThomson2023" class="citation magazine cs1">Thomson, Graeme (May 2023). "Radio Waves". <a href="/wiki/Uncut_(magazine)" title="Uncut (magazine)">Uncut</a>. pp. 74–78.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Uncut&rft.atitle=Radio+Waves&rft.pages=74-78&rft.date=2023-05&rft.aulast=Thomson&rft.aufirst=Graeme&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a> Waller; Humphreys, pp. 132–133 </li> <li id="cite_note-Elliot-149"><a href="#cite_ref-Elliot_149-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMark2015" class="citation magazine cs1">Mark, Elliott (25 March 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://recordcollectormag.com/reviews/album/junk-culture">"Junk Culture – OMD"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Record_Collector" title="Record Collector">Record Collector</a>. Retrieved 30 May 2021. <q>Experimentation with the new music technologies [is] still at the heart of the duo's creative process.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Record+Collector&rft.atitle=Junk+Culture+%E2%80%93+OMD&rft.date=2015-03-25&rft.aulast=Mark&rft.aufirst=Elliott&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frecordcollectormag.com%2Freviews%2Falbum%2Fjunk-culture&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-150"><a href="#cite_ref-150">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMuretich1986" class="citation news cs1">Muretich, James (4 October 1986). "Pop Develops the Blahs When Teamed with Bowie". <a href="/wiki/Calgary_Herald" title="Calgary Herald">Calgary Herald</a>. p. 71 (F7). <q>[OMD's] once bold musical strokes are now merely pretty colors.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Calgary+Herald&rft.atitle=Pop+Develops+the+Blahs+When+Teamed+with+Bowie&rft.pages=71+%28F7%29&rft.date=1986-10-04&rft.aulast=Muretich&rft.aufirst=James&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-151"><a href="#cite_ref-151">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTurner2023" class="citation web cs1">Turner, Luke (7 August 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thequietus.com/subscriber-area/low-culture-podcast/orchestral-manoeuvres-in-the-dark-dazzle-ships-architecture-and-morality-podcast/">"Low Culture Podcast: An Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark Special!"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Quietus" title="The Quietus">The Quietus</a>. Retrieved 11 February 2024. <q>John [Doran] talks about Pretty in Pink and makes the case that OMD's later, more commercial records are just as good as these two classics [Architecture & Morality and Dazzle Ships].</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Quietus&rft.atitle=Low+Culture+Podcast%3A+An+Orchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark+Special%21&rft.date=2023-08-07&rft.aulast=Turner&rft.aufirst=Luke&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthequietus.com%2Fsubscriber-area%2Flow-culture-podcast%2Forchestral-manoeuvres-in-the-dark-dazzle-ships-architecture-and-morality-podcast%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-152"><a href="#cite_ref-152">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDoran2008" class="citation web cs1">Doran, John (25 September 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thequietus.com/quietus-reviews/omd/">"Messages – Greatest Hits"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Quietus" title="The Quietus">The Quietus</a>. Retrieved 3 July 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Quietus&rft.atitle=Messages+%E2%80%93+Greatest+Hits&rft.date=2008-09-25&rft.aulast=Doran&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthequietus.com%2Fquietus-reviews%2Fomd%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-153"><a href="#cite_ref-153">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMetzger2016" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Metzger" title="Richard Metzger">Metzger, Richard</a> (23 February 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dangerousminds.net/comments/orchestral_manoeuvres_in_the_dark_were_a_much_better_group_than_they_get_cr">"Not just for John Hughes films: OMD were a much better group than they get credit for"</a>. Dangerous Minds. Retrieved 23 March 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dangerous+Minds&rft.atitle=Not+just+for+John+Hughes+films%3A+OMD+were+a+much+better+group+than+they+get+credit+for&rft.date=2016-02-23&rft.aulast=Metzger&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdangerousminds.net%2Fcomments%2Forchestral_manoeuvres_in_the_dark_were_a_much_better_group_than_they_get_cr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-154"><a href="#cite_ref-154">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'Neal2006" class="citation web cs1">O'Neal, Sean (26 December 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110513021922/http://www.avclub.com/articles/permanent-records-albums-from-the-av-clubs-hall-of%2C16684/">"Permanent Records: Albums from the A.V. Club's Hall of Fame"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_A.V._Club" title="The A.V. Club">The A.V. Club</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.avclub.com/articles/permanent-records-albums-from-the-av-clubs-hall-of%2C16684/">the original</a> on 13 May 2011. 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Retrieved 28 January 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Record+Collector&rft.atitle=Messages%3A+Greatest+Hits&rft.aulast=Peel&rft.aufirst=Ian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frecordcollectormag.com%2Freviews%2Fmessages-greatest-hits&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-156"><a href="#cite_ref-156">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLerner2013" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Telekinesis_(band)" title="Telekinesis (band)">Lerner, Michael</a> (23 April 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.talkhouse.com/michael-lerner-talks-omds-english-electric/">"Michael Lerner (Telekinesis) talks OMD's English Electric"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Talkhouse" title="Talkhouse">Talkhouse</a>. Retrieved 29 November 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Talkhouse&rft.atitle=Michael+Lerner+%28Telekinesis%29+talks+OMD%27s+English+Electric&rft.date=2013-04-23&rft.aulast=Lerner&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.talkhouse.com%2Fmichael-lerner-talks-omds-english-electric%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-157"><a href="#cite_ref-157">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTurner2013" class="citation web cs1">Turner, Luke (24 September 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thequietus.com/interviews/bakers-dozen/moby-favourite-albums-baker-s-dozen/12/">"Corrupting Sonic DNA: Moby's Favourite Albums"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Quietus" title="The Quietus">The Quietus</a>. p. 12. 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Retrieved 20 April 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Spin&rft.atitle=No+Doubt+Explain+OMD%2C+EDM%2C+and+Peter+Hook+Basslines+on+%27Push+and+Shove%27&rft.date=2012-09-24&rft.aulast=Marchese&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.spin.com%2F2012%2F09%2Fno-doubt-gwen-stefani-tony-kanal-push-and-shove-influences%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-159"><a href="#cite_ref-159">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTurner2014" class="citation web cs1">Turner, Luke (16 April 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thequietus.com/interviews/bakers-dozen/liars-angus-andrew-favourite-albums/8/">"No Barrier Fun: Angus Andrew of Liars' Favourite LPs"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Quietus" title="The Quietus">The Quietus</a>. p. 8. 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FaceCulture. 29 April 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211221/zzQjKnnxVW4">Archived</a> from the original on 3 December 2021. Retrieved 23 March 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=OMD+interview+-+Andy+McCluskey+and+Paul+Humphreys+%28part+3%29&rft.pub=FaceCulture&rft.date=2013-04-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DzzQjKnnxVW4%26t%3D2s&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-161"><a href="#cite_ref-161">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarsh1994" class="citation web cs1">Marsh, Phil (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.omdweb.com/?page_id=2683">"Talking with the Listening Pool"</a>. Telegraph. 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Retrieved 23 July 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Electronic+Beats&rft.atitle=Max+Dax+interviews+Bernard+Sumner&rft.date=2012-09-02&rft.aulast=Dax&rft.aufirst=Max&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.electronicbeats.net%2Fmax-dax-interviews-bernard-sumner%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-188"><a href="#cite_ref-188">^</a> Multiple sources: <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation episode cs1">"Tears for Fears". Rock. 25 September 1995. <a href="/wiki/MCM_(TV_channel)" title="MCM (TV channel)">MCM</a>. <q>[Interviewer:] Was your early sound influenced by new wave? 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Classic Albums. 14 February 2020. 15 minutes in. <a href="/wiki/BBC_Four" title="BBC Four">BBC Four</a>. <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">British Broadcasting Corporation</a>. <q>[Roland Orzabal:] We found ourselves right at the beginning of the electronic explosion, and I found myself – although I'm a guitarist – absolutely loving the synthesizer [...] Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark, bands like Depeche Mode, bands that didn't have a drummer, bands that used to work mainly in the studio... became the thing.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Classic+Albums&rft.date=2020-02-14&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HnwbbrI2DAc&t=885s">"Tears for Fears' "Mad World": The Story Behind the Unexpected Hit"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Consequence_(publication)" title="Consequence (publication)">Consequence</a>. 1 March 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20220311/HnwbbrI2DAc">Archived</a> from the original on 11 March 2022. 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And then we [bandmate Curt Smith and I] were into an entirely different area of music.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Consequence&rft.atitle=Tears+for+Fears%27+%22Mad+World%22%3A+The+Story+Behind+the+Unexpected+Hit&rft.date=2022-03-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DHnwbbrI2DAc%26t%3D885s&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </li> <li id="cite_note-189"><a href="#cite_ref-189">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUpchuck2017" class="citation web cs1">Upchuck, Matt (19 June 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://brightonsource.co.uk/features/brian-nash-interview/">"Brian Nash Interview"</a>. Brighton Source. 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This Day in Music Books. pp. 33, 294. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-9162582-4-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-9162582-4-2"><bdi>978-1-9162582-4-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=a-ha%3A+Down+to+the+Tracks&rft.pages=33%2C+294&rft.pub=This+Day+in+Music+Books&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=978-1-9162582-4-2&rft.aulast=Page&rft.aufirst=Barry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-191"><a href="#cite_ref-191">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHart2016" class="citation web cs1">Hart, Ron (5 January 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://observer.com/2016/01/the-10-best-reissues-of-2015/">"The 10 Best Reissues of 2015"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Observer" title="The New York Observer">The New York Observer</a>. 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Retrieved 23 July 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pulse+Music+Magazine&rft.atitle=Interview%3A+Canadian+New+Wave+Electro-Pop+Pioneers+Men+Without+Hats+Release+New+EP%2C+%27Again+%28Part+1%29%27&rft.date=2021-10-08&rft.aulast=Patania&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pulsemusicmagazine.com%2Finterview-canadian-new-wave-electro-pop-pioneers-men-without-hats-release-new-ep-again-part-1%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-193"><a href="#cite_ref-193">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcPherson2019" class="citation web cs1">McPherson, Douglas (September 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200923060929/https://www.classicpopmag.com/2019/09/godfathers-of-pop-marian-gold/">"Godfathers of Pop: Marian Gold"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Classic_Pop_(magazine)" title="Classic Pop (magazine)">Classic Pop</a>. Archived from the original on 23 September 2020. Retrieved 5 May 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Classic+Pop&rft.atitle=Godfathers+of+Pop%3A+Marian+Gold&rft.date=2019-09&rft.aulast=McPherson&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.classicpopmag.com%2F2019%2F09%2Fgodfathers-of-pop-marian-gold%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: unfit URL (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_unfit_URL" title="Category:CS1 maint: unfit URL">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-194"><a href="#cite_ref-194">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilson2022" class="citation web cs1">Wilson, PF (20 July 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.popculturebeast.com/chinacrisis-cincinnati-live/">"Concert Review: China Crisis, Ludlow Garage, Cincinnati, OH"</a>. Pop Culture Beast. Retrieved 17 August 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pop+Culture+Beast&rft.atitle=Concert+Review%3A+China+Crisis%2C+Ludlow+Garage%2C+Cincinnati%2C+OH&rft.date=2022-07-20&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=PF&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.popculturebeast.com%2Fchinacrisis-cincinnati-live%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-195"><a href="#cite_ref-195">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTaylor2012" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Taylor_(bass_guitarist)" title="John Taylor (bass guitarist)">Taylor, John</a> (2012). In the Pleasure Groove: Love, Death and Duran Duran. <a href="/wiki/E._P._Dutton" title="E. P. Dutton">Dutton</a>. pp. 104–105. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0525958000" title="Special:BookSources/978-0525958000"><bdi>978-0525958000</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=In+the+Pleasure+Groove%3A+Love%2C+Death+and+Duran+Duran&rft.pages=104-105&rft.pub=Dutton&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-0525958000&rft.aulast=Taylor&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-196"><a href="#cite_ref-196">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWildericky2018" class="citation web cs1">@Wildericky (19 August 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://x.com/Wildericky/status/1031234758561423360">"Ahh.. just had a lovely chat with @OfficialOMD Andy McCluskey"</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)" title="Tweet (social media)">Tweet</a>) – via <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ahh..+just+had+a+lovely+chat+with+%40OfficialOMD+Andy+McCluskey.&rft.date=2018-08-19&rft.au=Wildericky&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fx.com%2FWildericky%2Fstatus%2F1031234758561423360&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-197"><a href="#cite_ref-197">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBreihan2021" class="citation web cs1">Breihan, Tom (28 July 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.stereogum.com/2155612/zz-tops-dusty-hill-dead-at-72/news/">"ZZ Top's Dusty Hill Dead At 72"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Stereogum" title="Stereogum">Stereogum</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210728203727/https://www.stereogum.com/2155612/zz-tops-dusty-hill-dead-at-72/news/">Archived</a> from the original on 28 July 2021. Retrieved 29 July 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Stereogum&rft.atitle=ZZ+Top%27s+Dusty+Hill+Dead+At+72&rft.date=2021-07-28&rft.aulast=Breihan&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.stereogum.com%2F2155612%2Fzz-tops-dusty-hill-dead-at-72%2Fnews%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-198"><a href="#cite_ref-198">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSimmons1982" class="citation magazine cs1"><a href="/wiki/Sylvie_Simmons" title="Sylvie Simmons">Simmons, Sylvie</a> (1–15 July 1982). "Over the Top!". <a href="/wiki/Kerrang!" title="Kerrang!">Kerrang!</a>. No. 19. p. 6.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Kerrang%21&rft.atitle=Over+the+Top%21&rft.issue=19&rft.pages=6&rft.date=1982-07-01%2F1982-07-15&rft.aulast=Simmons&rft.aufirst=Sylvie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-199"><a href="#cite_ref-199">^</a> Multiple sources: <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20240926043631/6qgVb8nG-i4">"OMD's Andy McCluskey on their 40 year career, iconic intros, and brand new album"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Radio_Caroline" title="Radio Caroline">Radio Caroline</a>. 9 November 2023. Event occurs at 9:36 minutes. Archived from the original on 26 September 2024. Retrieved 26 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=OMD%27s+Andy+McCluskey+on+their+40+year+career%2C+iconic+intros%2C+and+brand+new+album&rft.pub=Radio+Caroline&rft.date=2023-11-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3D6qgVb8nG-i4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: unfit URL (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_unfit_URL" title="Category:CS1 maint: unfit URL">link</a>)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBono2022" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Bono" title="Bono">Bono</a> (2022). Surrender: 40 Songs, One Story. Hutchinson Heinemann. p. 130. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1529151787" title="Special:BookSources/978-1529151787"><bdi>978-1529151787</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Surrender%3A+40+Songs%2C+One+Story&rft.pages=130&rft.pub=Hutchinson+Heinemann&rft.date=2022&rft.isbn=978-1529151787&rft.au=Bono&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Houghton, pp. 91–92 (Clayton)</li></ul> </li> <li id="cite_note-200"><a href="#cite_ref-200">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFApter2010" class="citation book cs1">Apter, Jeff (2010). 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"Nine Inch Tales". <a href="/wiki/City_Pages" title="City Pages">City Pages</a>. pp. 3–4 (of Breaking Muse supplement). <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0744-0456">0744-0456</a>. <q>It wasn't all ear-splitting mega-wattage, though. [Trent] Reznor also highlights the influence of the invading English synthpoppers – Gary Numan, Soft Cell, OMD – who permeated the airwaves during his youth.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=City+Pages&rft.atitle=Nine+Inch+Tales&rft.pages=3-4+%28of+%27%27Breaking+Muse%27%27+supplement%29&rft.date=1990-07-18&rft.issn=0744-0456&rft.aulast=Olson&rft.aufirst=Jack&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-202"><a href="#cite_ref-202">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMagnotta2017" class="citation web cs1">Magnotta, Andrew (14 August 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://q1043.iheart.com/featured/jonathan-jc-clarke/content/2017-08-14-orchestral-manoeuvres-in-the-dark-played-its-first-show-as-a-dare/">"Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark Played Its First Show as a Dare"</a>. <a href="/wiki/WAXQ" title="WAXQ">Q104.3</a>. <a href="/wiki/IHeartRadio" title="IHeartRadio">iHeartRadio</a>. Retrieved 10 September 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Q104.3&rft.atitle=Orchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark+Played+Its+First+Show+as+a+Dare&rft.date=2017-08-14&rft.aulast=Magnotta&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fq1043.iheart.com%2Ffeatured%2Fjonathan-jc-clarke%2Fcontent%2F2017-08-14-orchestral-manoeuvres-in-the-dark-played-its-first-show-as-a-dare%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-203"><a href="#cite_ref-203">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLentini2023" class="citation web cs1">Lentini, Liza (31 March 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.spin.com/2023/03/5-albums-i-cant-live-without-ogre-and-cevin-key-of-skinny-puppy/">"5 Albums I Can't Live Without: oGre and cEvin Key of Skinny Puppy"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Spin_(magazine)" title="Spin (magazine)">Spin</a>. Retrieved 27 April 2024. <q>These are some [of] the vinyl records that changed my perceptions...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Spin&rft.atitle=5+Albums+I+Can%27t+Live+Without%3A+oGre+and+cEvin+Key+of+Skinny+Puppy&rft.date=2023-03-31&rft.aulast=Lentini&rft.aufirst=Liza&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.spin.com%2F2023%2F03%2F5-albums-i-cant-live-without-ogre-and-cevin-key-of-skinny-puppy%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-204"><a href="#cite_ref-204">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMurphy2016" class="citation web cs1">Murphy, Tom (6 October 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.westword.com/music/rhys-fulber-of-front-line-assembly-brings-live-show-to-tri-lakes-center-for-the-arts-8372991">"Rhys Fulber of Front Line Assembly Brings Live Show to Tri-Lakes Center for the Arts"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Westword" title="Westword">Westword</a>. Retrieved 27 April 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Westword&rft.atitle=Rhys+Fulber+of+Front+Line+Assembly+Brings+Live+Show+to+Tri-Lakes+Center+for+the+Arts&rft.date=2016-10-06&rft.aulast=Murphy&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.westword.com%2Fmusic%2Frhys-fulber-of-front-line-assembly-brings-live-show-to-tri-lakes-center-for-the-arts-8372991&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-205"><a href="#cite_ref-205">^</a> Jourgensen wrote that he "started doing this music influenced by all the music [then-girlfriend] Shannon was exposing [him] to", citing OMD's "Electricity" as an example. <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJourgensenWiederhorn2013" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Al_Jourgensen" title="Al Jourgensen">Jourgensen, Al</a>; Wiederhorn, Jon (2013). Ministry: The Lost Gospels According to Al Jourgensen (hardcover ed.). <a href="/wiki/Da_Capo_Press" title="Da Capo Press">Da Capo Press</a>. p. 49. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-30682-218-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-30682-218-6"><bdi>978-0-30682-218-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ministry%3A+The+Lost+Gospels+According+to+Al+Jourgensen&rft.pages=49&rft.edition=hardcover&rft.pub=Da+Capo+Press&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-0-30682-218-6&rft.aulast=Jourgensen&rft.aufirst=Al&rft.au=Wiederhorn%2C+Jon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </li> <li id="cite_note-206"><a href="#cite_ref-206">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHeck2024" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Heck, Jean-Paul (13 February 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraaf.nl/entertainment/1273045192/de-mannen-van-orchestral-manoeuvres-in-the-dark-omd-sta-je-ineens-tussen-swift-en-sheeran">"The Men of Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark (OMD): 'You Suddenly Find Yourself Between Swift and Sheeran'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/De_Telegraaf" title="De Telegraaf">De Telegraaf</a> (in Dutch). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20240213055144/https://www.telegraaf.nl/entertainment/1273045192/de-mannen-van-orchestral-manoeuvres-in-the-dark-omd-sta-je-ineens-tussen-swift-en-sheeran">Archived</a> from the original on 13 February 2024. Retrieved 26 April 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=De+Telegraaf&rft.atitle=The+Men+of+Orchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark+%28OMD%29%3A+%27You+Suddenly+Find+Yourself+Between+Swift+and+Sheeran%27&rft.date=2024-02-13&rft.aulast=Heck&rft.aufirst=Jean-Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraaf.nl%2Fentertainment%2F1273045192%2Fde-mannen-van-orchestral-manoeuvres-in-the-dark-omd-sta-je-ineens-tussen-swift-en-sheeran&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ware22-207"><a href="#cite_ref-Ware22_207-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWare2022" class="citation episode cs1"><a href="/wiki/Martyn_Ware" title="Martyn Ware">Ware, Martyn</a> (4 November 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://podbay.fm/p/electronically-yours-with-martyn-ware/e/1667520032">"Andy McCluskey: Show Notes"</a>. Electronically Yours with Martyn Ware. Episode 113. Anchor.fm. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230405083446/https://podbay.fm/p/electronically-yours-with-martyn-ware/e/1667520032">Archived</a> from the original on 5 April 2023. Retrieved 5 April 2023 – via Podbay.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Electronically+Yours+with+Martyn+Ware&rft.series=Episode+113&rft.date=2022-11-04&rft.aulast=Ware&rft.aufirst=Martyn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpodbay.fm%2Fp%2Felectronically-yours-with-martyn-ware%2Fe%2F1667520032&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-208"><a href="#cite_ref-208">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hotpress.com/music/on-this-day-in-1956-joy-division-ian-curtis-was-born-22861823">"On this day in 1956: Joy Division's Ian Curtis was born"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hot_Press" title="Hot Press">Hot Press</a>. 15 July 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210715095642/https://www.hotpress.com/music/on-this-day-in-1956-joy-division-ian-curtis-was-born-22861823">Archived</a> from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hot+Press&rft.atitle=On+this+day+in+1956%3A+Joy+Division%27s+Ian+Curtis+was+born&rft.date=2021-07-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hotpress.com%2Fmusic%2Fon-this-day-in-1956-joy-division-ian-curtis-was-born-22861823&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-209"><a href="#cite_ref-209">^</a> Multiple sources: <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSullivan1993" class="citation news cs1">Sullivan, Caroline (18 June 1993). "Dark's Dancing Melodies". <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>. p. 31 (Music, 6/7). <q>Much of today's dance-pop is descended from OMD's early sound.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Dark%27s+Dancing+Melodies&rft.pages=31+%28%27%27Music%27%27%2C+6%2F7%29&rft.date=1993-06-18&rft.aulast=Sullivan&rft.aufirst=Caroline&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreen2010" class="citation web cs1">Green, Thomas H (23 October 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theartsdesk.com/new-music/theartsdesk-qa-musician-andy-mccluskey-orchestral-manoeuvres-dark?page=0,1">"Theartsdesk Q&A: Musician Andy McCluskey of Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Arts_Desk" title="The Arts Desk">The Arts Desk</a>. Retrieved 23 May 2023. <q>The true populist musical movement of the Nineties was the post-acid house scene coming out of clubland, the music that [OMD] helped bring to fruition.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Arts+Desk&rft.atitle=Theartsdesk+Q%26A%3A+Musician+Andy+McCluskey+of+Orchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark&rft.date=2010-10-23&rft.aulast=Green&rft.aufirst=Thomas+H&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theartsdesk.com%2Fnew-music%2Ftheartsdesk-qa-musician-andy-mccluskey-orchestral-manoeuvres-dark%3Fpage%3D0%2C1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrowne2015" class="citation web cs1">Browne, Paul (7 August 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.omd-messages.co.uk/sash-qa/">"Sash! Q&A"</a>. Messages. Retrieved 12 August 2015. <q>[<a href="/wiki/Sash!" title="Sash!">Sash!</a>]: OMD is one of the leading bands in the 80s and 90s regarding electronic music/production and therefore influenced a lot of DJ/Producers who are successful now [in 1998].</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Messages&rft.atitle=Sash%21+Q%26A&rft.date=2015-08-07&rft.aulast=Browne&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.omd-messages.co.uk%2Fsash-qa%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </li> <li id="cite_note-210"><a href="#cite_ref-210">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarr2024" class="citation web cs1">Carr, Nigel (17 March 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://louderthanwar.com/orbital-interview-green-brown-albums-re-releases-and-tour/">"Orbital – Interview – Green & Brown Albums Re-Releases and Tour"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Louder_Than_War" title="Louder Than War">Louder Than War</a>. Retrieved 14 May 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Louder+Than+War&rft.atitle=Orbital+%E2%80%93+Interview+%E2%80%93+Green+%26+Brown+Albums+Re-Releases+and+Tour&rft.date=2024-03-17&rft.aulast=Carr&rft.aufirst=Nigel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flouderthanwar.com%2Forbital-interview-green-brown-albums-re-releases-and-tour%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-211"><a href="#cite_ref-211">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1">"David Guetta". <a href="/wiki/Rip_It_Up_(New_Zealand)" title="Rip It Up (New Zealand)">Rip It Up</a>. No. 254. October 1998. p. 3 (of 120 Seconds With... supplement). <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0114-0876">0114-0876</a>. <q>Speaking of inspirations, I recently got to rework OMD, which is a thrill for any electronic musician.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rip+It+Up&rft.atitle=David+Guetta&rft.issue=254&rft.pages=3+%28of+%27%27120+Seconds+With...%27%27+supplement%29&rft.date=1998-10&rft.issn=0114-0876&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-212"><a href="#cite_ref-212">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoayeri2020" class="citation magazine cs1">Moayeri, Lily (21 April 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/dance/9362092/paul-van-dyk-20-questions-interview">"20 Questions With Paul van Dyk"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)" title="Billboard (magazine)">Billboard</a>. Retrieved 21 February 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=20+Questions+With+Paul+van+Dyk&rft.date=2020-04-21&rft.aulast=Moayeri&rft.aufirst=Lily&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.billboard.com%2Farticles%2Fnews%2Fdance%2F9362092%2Fpaul-van-dyk-20-questions-interview&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-213"><a href="#cite_ref-213">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDoran2013" class="citation web cs1">Doran, John (11 March 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thequietus.com/interviews/heterotic-mike-paradinas-gravenhurst-interview/">"Melancholy Euphoria: A Heterotic Interview & Full Album Stream"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Quietus" title="The Quietus">The Quietus</a>. Retrieved 31 March 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Quietus&rft.atitle=Melancholy+Euphoria%3A+A+Heterotic+Interview+%26+Full+Album+Stream&rft.date=2013-03-11&rft.aulast=Doran&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthequietus.com%2Finterviews%2Fheterotic-mike-paradinas-gravenhurst-interview%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-214"><a href="#cite_ref-214">^</a> Houghton, pp. 370–371 </li> <li id="cite_note-Ranta13-215">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ranta13_215-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ranta13_215-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ranta13_215-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRanta2013" class="citation web cs1">Ranta, Alan (23 April 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://exclaim.ca/music/article/orchestral_manoeuvres_in_dark">"Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Exclaim!" title="Exclaim!">Exclaim!</a>. Retrieved 14 July 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Exclaim%21&rft.atitle=Orchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark&rft.date=2013-04-23&rft.aulast=Ranta&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fexclaim.ca%2Fmusic%2Farticle%2Forchestral_manoeuvres_in_dark&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-216"><a href="#cite_ref-216">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArgyrakis2021" class="citation web cs1">Argyrakis, Andy (25 June 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://chicagoconcertreviews.com/2021/06/25/dave-keuning-the-killers/">"The Killers' Dave Keuning drops 'A Mild Case of Everything', looks on the 'Mr. Brightside'"</a>. Chicago Concert Reviews. Retrieved 14 July 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Concert+Reviews&rft.atitle=The+Killers%27+Dave+Keuning+drops+%27A+Mild+Case+of+Everything%27%2C+looks+on+the+%27Mr.+Brightside%27&rft.date=2021-06-25&rft.aulast=Argyrakis&rft.aufirst=Andy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fchicagoconcertreviews.com%2F2021%2F06%2F25%2Fdave-keuning-the-killers%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-217"><a href="#cite_ref-217">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://crypticrock.com/interview-kevin-hearn-barenaked-ladies/">"Kevin Hearn of Barenaked Ladies"</a>. Cryptic Rock. 12 April 2017. Retrieved 31 March 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cryptic+Rock&rft.atitle=Kevin+Hearn+of+Barenaked+Ladies&rft.date=2017-04-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcrypticrock.com%2Finterview-kevin-hearn-barenaked-ladies%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrchestral+Manoeuvres+in+the+Dark" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-218"><a href="#cite_ref-218">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFitzmaurice2018" class="citation web cs1">Fitzmaurice, Larry (18 February 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vice.com/en/article/wj4zez/mgmt-little-dark-age-interview">"MGMT Are Still Perfectly Strange"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Vice_(magazine)" title="Vice (magazine)">Vice</a>. 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This Day in Music Books. 2019. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1916115624" title="Special:BookSources/1916115624">1916115624</a></li> <li>Waller, Johnny; Humphreys, Mike. Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark: Messages. <a href="/wiki/Sidgwick_%26_Jackson" title="Sidgwick & Jackson">Sidgwick & Jackson</a>. 1987. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-283-99234-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-283-99234-4">0-283-99234-4</a></li> <li>West, Mike. Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark. <a href="/wiki/Omnibus_Press" title="Omnibus Press">Omnibus Press</a>. 1982. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7119-0149-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-7119-0149-X">0-7119-0149-X</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output 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title="Template talk:Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark" class="fn org" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andy_McCluskey" title="Andy McCluskey">Andy McCluskey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Humphreys" title="Paul Humphreys">Paul Humphreys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Cooper_(musician)" title="Martin Cooper (musician)">Martin Cooper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuart_Kershaw" title="Stuart Kershaw">Stuart Kershaw</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/David_Hughes_(musician)" title="David Hughes (musician)">Dave Hughes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Holmes" title="Malcolm Holmes">Malcolm Holmes</a></li> <li>Michael Douglas</li> <li>Graham Weir</li> <li>Neil Weir</li> <li>Phil Coxon</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigel_Ipinson" title="Nigel Ipinson">Nigel Ipinson</a></li> <li>Abe Juckes</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Studio albums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark_(album)" title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark (album)">Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organisation_(album)" title="Organisation (album)">Organisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_%26_Morality" title="Architecture & Morality">Architecture & Morality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dazzle_Ships_(album)" title="Dazzle Ships (album)">Dazzle Ships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junk_Culture" title="Junk Culture">Junk Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crush_(Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark_album)" title="Crush (Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark album)">Crush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Pacific_Age" title="The Pacific Age">The Pacific Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sugar_Tax_(album)" title="Sugar Tax (album)">Sugar Tax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberator_(album)" title="Liberator (album)">Liberator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_(Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark_album)" title="Universal (Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark album)">Universal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Modern" title="History of Modern">History of Modern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Electric_(album)" title="English Electric (album)">English Electric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Punishment_of_Luxury_(album)" title="The Punishment of Luxury (album)">The Punishment of Luxury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bauhaus_Staircase" title="Bauhaus Staircase">Bauhaus Staircase</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Compilation albums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Best_of_OMD" title="The Best of OMD">The Best of OMD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_OMD_Singles" title="The OMD Singles">The OMD Singles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_OMD_Singles" title="The OMD Singles">The OMD Remixes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navigation:_The_OMD_B-Sides" title="Navigation: The OMD B-Sides">Navigation: The OMD B-Sides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messages:_Greatest_Hits" title="Messages: Greatest Hits">Messages: Greatest Hits</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Live albums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peel_Sessions_1979%E2%80%931983" title="Peel Sessions 1979–1983">Peel Sessions 1979–1983</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OMD_Live:_Architecture_%26_Morality_%26_More" title="OMD Live: Architecture & Morality & More">OMD Live: Architecture & Morality & More</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Singles and EPs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Electricity_(Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark_song)" title="Electricity (Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark song)">Electricity</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Red_Frame/White_Light" title="Red Frame/White Light">Red Frame/White Light</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Messages_(Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark_song)" title="Messages (Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark song)">Messages</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Enola_Gay_(song)" title="Enola Gay (song)">Enola Gay</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Souvenir_(song)" title="Souvenir (song)">Souvenir</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Joan_of_Arc_(Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark_song)" title="Joan of Arc (Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark song)">Joan of Arc</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Maid_of_Orleans_(The_Waltz_Joan_of_Arc)" title="Maid of Orleans (The Waltz Joan of Arc)">Maid of Orleans (The Waltz Joan of Arc)</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Genetic_Engineering_(song)" title="Genetic Engineering (song)">Genetic Engineering</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Telegraph_(song)" title="Telegraph (song)">Telegraph</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Locomotion_(Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark_song)" title="Locomotion (Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark song)">Locomotion</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Talking_Loud_and_Clear" title="Talking Loud and Clear">Talking Loud and Clear</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Tesla_Girls" title="Tesla Girls">Tesla Girls</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Never_Turn_Away" title="Never Turn Away">Never Turn Away</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/So_in_Love_(Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark_song)" title="So in Love (Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark song)">So in Love</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Secret_(Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark_song)" title="Secret (Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark song)">Secret</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/La_Femme_Accident" title="La Femme Accident">La Femme Accident</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/If_You_Leave_(song)" title="If You Leave (song)">If You Leave</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/(Forever)_Live_and_Die" title="(Forever) Live and Die">(Forever) Live and Die</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/We_Love_You_(Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark_song)" title="We Love You (Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark song)">We Love You</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Shame_(Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark_song)" title="Shame (Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark song)">Shame</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Dreaming_(Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark_song)" title="Dreaming (Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark song)">Dreaming</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Brides_of_Frankenstein" title="Brides of Frankenstein">Brides of Frankenstein</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Sailing_on_the_Seven_Seas" title="Sailing on the Seven Seas">Sailing on the Seven Seas</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Pandora%27s_Box_(Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark_song)" title="Pandora's Box (Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark song)">Pandora's Box</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Then_You_Turn_Away" title="Then You Turn Away">Then You Turn Away</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Call_My_Name_(Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark_song)" title="Call My Name (Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark song)">Call My Name</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Stand_Above_Me" title="Stand Above Me">Stand Above Me</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Dream_of_Me_(Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark_song)" title="Dream of Me (Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark song)">Dream of Me (Based on Love's Theme)</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Everyday_(Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark_song)" title="Everyday (Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark song)">Everyday</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Walking_on_the_Milky_Way_(song)" title="Walking on the Milky Way (song)">Walking on the Milky Way</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Universal_(Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark_song)" title="Universal (Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark song)">Universal</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/If_You_Want_It" title="If You Want It">If You Want It</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Sister_Marie_Says" title="Sister Marie Says">Sister Marie Says</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/History_of_Modern_(Part_I)" title="History of Modern (Part I)">History of Modern (Part I)</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Videography</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Best_of_OMD" title="The Best of OMD">The Best of OMD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OMD_Live:_Architecture_%26_Morality_%26_More" title="OMD Live: Architecture & Morality & More">OMD Live: Architecture & Morality & More</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messages:_Greatest_Hits" title="Messages: Greatest Hits">Messages: Greatest Hits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electricity:_OMD_with_the_Royal_Liverpool_Philharmonic_Orchestra" title="Electricity: OMD with the Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Orchestra">Electricity: OMD with the Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Orchestra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark_discography" title="Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark discography">Discography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Id_(band)" title="The Id (band)">The Id</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalek_I_Love_You" title="Dalek I Love You">Dalek I Love You</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Listening_Pool" title="The Listening Pool">The Listening Pool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onetwo_(band)" title="Onetwo (band)">Onetwo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atomic_Kitten" title="Atomic Kitten">Atomic Kitten</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q956500#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q956500#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q956500#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121957838">ISNI</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/159434648">VIAF</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/10277684-2">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n91079542">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13905434r">France</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13905434r">BnF data</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=mzk2004218178&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:au:finaf:000178241">Finland</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/6d072aa8-c851-49c5-92f9-cbca05f4bed9">MusicBrainz</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" 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