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Taxila Museum - Wikipedia
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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Collection_and_displays" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Collection_and_displays"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Collection and displays</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Collection_and_displays-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Collection and displays subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Collection_and_displays-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Gandharan_art" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gandharan_art"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Gandharan art</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gandharan_art-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Numismatic_collection" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Numismatic_collection"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Numismatic collection</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Numismatic_collection-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Literature</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" 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class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">33.7459°N 72.8186°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">33.7459; 72.8186</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><div class="cdx-message cdx-message--block cdx-message--warning mw-revision"><span class="cdx-message__icon"></span><div class="cdx-message__content"><div id="mw-revision-info-current"><p><b>This is the <a href="/wiki/Help:Page_history" title="Help:Page history">current revision</a> of this page, as edited by <span id="mw-revision-name"><a href="/wiki/User:Crosji" class="mw-userlink" title="User:Crosji" data-mw-revid="1258887983"><bdi>Crosji</bdi></a> <span class="mw-usertoollinks">(<a href="/wiki/User_talk:Crosji" class="mw-usertoollinks-talk" title="User 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Taxila+Museum%22">"Taxila Museum"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Taxila+Museum%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Taxila+Museum%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Taxila+Museum%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Taxila+Museum%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Taxila+Museum%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Taxila Museum</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="nickname"><span class="Nastaliq" dir="rtl" title="Nastaliq" style="font-family: 'Jameel Noori Nastaleeq', 'Urdu Typesetting', 'Noto Nastaliq Urdu', 'Noto Nastaliq Urdu Draft', 'Hussaini Nastaleeq', 'AlQalam Taj Nastaleeq', IranNastaliq, 'Awami Nastaliq', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta3', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta2', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta1', 'Nafees Nastaleeq', 'Nafees Nastaleeq v1.01', 'Pak Nastaleeq', 'PDMS_Jauhar', 'Alvi Lahori Nastaleeq'; font-size: 110%; font-style: normal;">ٹیکسلا عجائب گھر</span></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Taxila_Museum_Entrance.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Taxila Museum Entrance" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Taxila_Museum_Entrance.jpg/200px-Taxila_Museum_Entrance.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Taxila_Museum_Entrance.jpg/300px-Taxila_Museum_Entrance.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Taxila_Museum_Entrance.jpg/400px-Taxila_Museum_Entrance.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1944" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Taxila Museum Entrance</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 250px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="250" data-height="200" data-zoom="13" data-overlays="["_57aeda342914b0641a397ee66fdf9ce6381426f0"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,13,a,a,250x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Taxila_Museum&revid=1258887983&groups=_57aeda342914b0641a397ee66fdf9ce6381426f0" width="250" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,13,a,a,250x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Taxila_Museum&revid=1258887983&groups=_57aeda342914b0641a397ee66fdf9ce6381426f0 2x" alt="Map" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">1918</td></tr><tr class="adr"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data locality">Shahpur Rd, Bhir Mound City Walls, Taxila, Rawalpindi, Punjab</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Taxila_Museum&params=33.7459_N_72.8186_E_type:landmark_region:PK"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">33°44′45″N</span> <span class="longitude">72°49′07″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">33.7459°N 72.8186°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">33.7459; 72.8186</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data">Archaeological and historical</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://taxilamuseum.punjab.gov.pk/">Official website</a></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Taxila Museum</b> (<a href="/wiki/Punjabi_language" title="Punjabi language">Punjabi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Urdu_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Urdu language">Urdu</a>: <span lang="ur" dir="rtl"><span class="Nastaliq" dir="rtl" title="Nastaliq" style="font-family: 'Jameel Noori Nastaleeq', 'Urdu Typesetting', 'Noto Nastaliq Urdu', 'Noto Nastaliq Urdu Draft', 'Hussaini Nastaleeq', 'AlQalam Taj Nastaleeq', IranNastaliq, 'Awami Nastaliq', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta3', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta2', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta1', 'Nafees Nastaleeq', 'Nafees Nastaleeq v1.01', 'Pak Nastaleeq', 'PDMS_Jauhar', 'Alvi Lahori Nastaleeq'; font-size: 110%; font-style: normal;">ٹیکسلا عجائب گھر</span></span>) is located at <a href="/wiki/Taxila_(modern)" class="mw-redirect" title="Taxila (modern)">Taxila</a>, <a href="/wiki/Punjab_(Pakistan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Punjab (Pakistan)">Punjab</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>. The museum is home to a significant and comprehensive collection of <a href="/wiki/Greco-Buddhist_art" title="Greco-Buddhist art">Gandharan art</a> dating from the 1st to the 7th centuries <a href="/wiki/Common_era" class="mw-redirect" title="Common era">CE</a>. Most objects in the collection were excavated from the <a href="/wiki/Ruins_at_Taxila" class="mw-redirect" title="Ruins at Taxila">ruins of ancient Taxila</a>. </p><p>There are many historical sites nearby the museum. The ancient stupas and others ruins are nearby it. <sup id="cite_ref-paktourismportal_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-paktourismportal-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Introduction">Introduction</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taxila_Museum&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Introduction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><p> Taxila Museum is situated in Taxila a tehsil of the <a href="/wiki/Rawalpindi_District" title="Rawalpindi District">Rawalpindi District</a>. This is a site museum and its collection mainly focuses on <a href="/wiki/Gandharan" class="mw-redirect" title="Gandharan">Gandharan</a> art. These sites at Taxila date back to 600 or 700 BC. </p><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Meditating_Budha_at_Taxila_Museum_Pakistan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Meditating_Budha_at_Taxila_Museum_Pakistan.jpg/177px-Meditating_Budha_at_Taxila_Museum_Pakistan.jpg" decoding="async" width="177" height="246" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Meditating_Budha_at_Taxila_Museum_Pakistan.jpg/266px-Meditating_Budha_at_Taxila_Museum_Pakistan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Meditating_Budha_at_Taxila_Museum_Pakistan.jpg/355px-Meditating_Budha_at_Taxila_Museum_Pakistan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2238" data-file-height="3102" /></a><figcaption>4th Century Meditating Budha at Taxila Museum</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taxila_Museum&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Construction of <b>Taxila museum</b> started in 1918, its foundation stone laid by <a href="/wiki/Lord_Chelmsford" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Chelmsford">Lord Chelmsford</a>, <a href="/wiki/Viceroy_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Viceroy of India">Viceroy of India</a> in 1918. Construction was concluded in 1928<sup id="cite_ref-paktourismportal_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-paktourismportal-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the museum was opened for public by <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Habibullah" title="Muhammad Habibullah">Sir Muhammad Habibullah</a> then the Minister for Education. <a href="/wiki/Sir_John_Marshall" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir John Marshall">Sir John Marshall</a> who was going to be retired from the post of Director General of the <a href="/wiki/Archaeological_Survey_of_India" title="Archaeological Survey of India">Archaeological Survey of India</a> in 1928, could not complete its original plan. The government of Pakistan constructed the northern gallery in 1998. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collection_and_displays">Collection and displays</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taxila_Museum&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Collection and displays"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are some 4000 objects displayed, including stone, stucco, terracotta, silver, gold, iron and semiprecious stones. Mainly the display consists of objects from the period 600 B.C to 500 AD. <a href="/wiki/Buddhist" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddhist">Buddhist</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hindu" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindu">Hindu</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jain_religion" class="mw-redirect" title="Jain religion">Jain religion</a> are well represented through these objects discovered from three ancient cities and more than two dozen Buddhist <a href="/wiki/Stupas" class="mw-redirect" title="Stupas">stupas</a> and monasteries and Greek temples in region </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gandharan_art">Gandharan art</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taxila_Museum&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Gandharan art"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Taxila Museum has one of the most significant and comprehensive collections of stone Buddhist sculpture from the first to the seventh centuries in Pakistan (known as <a href="/wiki/Greco-Buddhist_art" title="Greco-Buddhist art">Gandharan art</a>. The core of the collection comes from excavated sites in the Taxila Valley, particularly the excavations of Sir John Marshall. Other objects come from excavated sites elsewhere in Gandhanra, from donations such as the Ram Das Collection, or from material confiscated by the police and custom authorities. The whole collection contains more than 1400 objects, and 409 have been published<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Numismatic_collection">Numismatic collection</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taxila_Museum&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Numismatic collection"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Taxila Museum is a site museum and is the repository for the majority of the numismatic material found during archaeological work in Taxila. Digging began in 1917 under John Marshall, then director of the Archaeological Survey of India, and continued until 1934. Since those excavations, work has continued to the present day. The museum contains a large collection of coins from the period of the <a href="/wiki/Indo-Greeks" class="mw-redirect" title="Indo-Greeks">Indo-Greeks</a> to the late <a href="/wiki/Kushans" class="mw-redirect" title="Kushans">Kushans</a>. Some of these are published in Marshall's <sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> original excavation reports, and an ongoing project exists to publish the full collection.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taxila_Museum&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Taxila_Museum" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Taxila Museum">Taxila Museum</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Pakistan" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Pakistan">List of World Heritage Sites in Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_in_Pakistan" title="List of museums in Pakistan">List of museums in Pakistan</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://heritage.gov.pk/html_Pages/taxila_museum.htm">Taxila Museum</a> article on the Pakistani government heritage site</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://paktourismportal.com/taxila-museum/">Taxila Museum</a> article on the government tourism site</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taxila_Museum&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-paktourismportal-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-paktourismportal_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-paktourismportal_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://paktourismportal.com/taxila-museum/">"Taxila Museum"</a>. <i>paktourismportal.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=paktourismportal.com&rft.atitle=Taxila+Museum&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpaktourismportal.com%2Ftaxila-museum%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaxila+Museum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Khan, 2005</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Marshall, 1951</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Khan, 2007; Khan, 2008, Khan 2009, Khan</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literature">Literature</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taxila_Museum&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Literature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Khan, G R (2007) "Kanishka Coins from Taxila" in <i>Gandharan Studies</i> Vol.1: 119ff</li> <li>Khan, G R (2008) "Gold Coins in the Cabinet of Taxila Museum, Taxila" in <i>Gandharan Studies</i> Vol.2: 39-61</li> <li>Khan, G R (2009) "Huvishka Coins from Taxila", <i>Gandharan Studies</i>, Vol. III, Peshawar, pp. 75–125.</li> <li>Khan, G R (2010) "Copper Coins of Vasudeva and His Successors from Taxila", <i>Gandharan Studies</i> Vol. IV, Peshawar, pp. 139–261.</li> <li>Khan, M A (2005) <i>A Catalogue of the Gandhara Stone Sculptures in the Taxila Museum</i>, 2 Volumes</li> <li>Marshall, J H (1951) <i>Taxila: An Illustrated Account of Archaeological Excavations Carried out at Taxila under the Orders of the Government of India between the years 1917 and 1934</i>. 3 Volumes. Cambridge University Press.</li> <li>Marshall, S.J. (2007) A Guide to Taxila, Karachi, 2007 (Rep.).</li> <li>Walsh, E.H.C. (1939) Punch – Marked Coins from Taxila, Memoirs of the Archaeological Survey of India, No. 59, Delhi.</li> <li>sohaib Afzal, (2017)</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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title="List of museums in Pakistan">Museums in Pakistan</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Balochistan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Museums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Archaeological Museum of Balochistan</li> <li>Quetta Geological Museum</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Art galleries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balochistan_Arts_Council" title="Balochistan Arts Council">Balochistan Arts Council</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Gilgit-Baltistan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Museums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Khaplu_Palace" title="Khaplu Palace">Khaplu Palace</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Islamabad</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Archives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Archives_of_Pakistan" title="National Archives of Pakistan">National Archives of Pakistan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Museums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lok_Virsa_Museum" title="Lok Virsa Museum">Lok Virsa Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Museum_of_Natural_History" title="Pakistan Museum of Natural History">Pakistan Museum of Natural History</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Art galleries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Art_Gallery,_Pakistan" title="National Art Gallery, Pakistan">National Art Gallery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Khyber Pakhtunkhwa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Museums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bannu_Museum" title="Bannu Museum">Bannu Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chitral_Museum" title="Chitral Museum">Chitral Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_Museum,_Gorkhatri" title="City Museum, Gorkhatri">City Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dir_Museum" title="Dir Museum">Dir Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hund_Museum" title="Hund Museum">Hund Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalasha_Dur_Museum" title="Kalasha Dur Museum">Kalasha Dur Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mardan_Museum" title="Mardan Museum">Mardan Museum</a></li> <li>Pakistan Forest Museum</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peshawar_Museum" title="Peshawar Museum">Peshawar Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pushkalavati_Museum" title="Pushkalavati Museum">Pushkalavati Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swat_Museum" title="Swat Museum">Swat Museum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Art galleries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abasin_Arts_Council" title="Abasin Arts Council">Abasin Arts Council</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Punjab</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Archives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Punjab_Archives" title="Punjab Archives">Punjab Archives</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Museums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bahawalpur_Museum" title="Bahawalpur Museum">Bahawalpur Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fakir_Khana" title="Fakir Khana">Fakir Khana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golra_Sharif_Railway_Museum" title="Golra Sharif Railway Museum">Golra Sharif Railway Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harappa_Museum" title="Harappa Museum">Harappa Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iqbal_Manzil" title="Iqbal Manzil">Iqbal Manzil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kasur_Museum" title="Kasur Museum">Kasur Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lahore_Museum" title="Lahore Museum">Lahore Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyallpur_Museum" title="Lyallpur Museum">Lyallpur Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multan_Museum" title="Multan Museum">Multan Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_History_Museum_(Lahore)" title="National History Museum (Lahore)">National History Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_Science_and_Technology,_Lahore" class="mw-redirect" title="National Museum of Science and Technology, Lahore">National Museum of Science and Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Army_Museum" title="Pakistan Army Museum">Pakistan Army Museum</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Taxila Museum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Art galleries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alhamra_Arts_Council" title="Alhamra Arts Council">Alhamra Arts Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faisalabad_Arts_Council" title="Faisalabad Arts Council">Faisalabad Arts Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multan_Arts_Council" title="Multan Arts Council">Multan Arts Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rawalpindi_Arts_Council" title="Rawalpindi Arts Council">Rawalpindi Arts Council</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sindh</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Archives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Citizen Archive of Pakistan</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindh_Archives" title="Sindh Archives">Sindh Archives</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Museums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archaeological_Museum_Banbhore" class="mw-redirect" title="Archaeological Museum Banbhore">Archaeological Museum Banbhore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archaeological_Museum_Umerkot" title="Archaeological Museum Umerkot">Archaeological Museum Umerkot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhit_Shah_Museum" title="Bhit Shah Museum">Bhit Shah Museum</a></li> <li>Mohanjodaro Museum</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Barrage_Museum" title="Lloyd Barrage Museum">Lloyd Barrage Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_Pakistan" title="National Museum of Pakistan">National Museum of Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Maritime_Museum" title="Pakistan Maritime Museum">Pakistan Maritime Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Air_Force_Museum" title="Pakistan Air Force Museum">Pakistan Air Force Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quaid-e-Azam_House" title="Quaid-e-Azam House">Quaid-e-Azam House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Bank_of_Pakistan_Museum_%26_Art_Gallery" title="State Bank of Pakistan Museum & Art Gallery">State Bank of Pakistan Museum & Art Gallery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindh_Museum" title="Sindh Museum">Sindh Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wazir_Mansion" title="Wazir Mansion">Wazir Mansion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TDF_Ghar" title="TDF Ghar">TDF Ghar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MagnifiScience_Centre" title="MagnifiScience Centre">MagnifiScience Centre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Art galleries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mohatta_Palace#Museum" title="Mohatta Palace">Mohatta Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karachi_Arts_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Karachi Arts Council">Karachi Arts Council</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Museums_in_Pakistan" title="Category:Museums in Pakistan">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="List-Class article"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_in_Pakistan" title="List of museums in Pakistan">List</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Museums_in_Pakistan" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Museums in Pakistan">Commons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7689656#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7689656#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7689656#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/144480253">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n2008219331">United States</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐f69cdc8f6‐vmhgq Cached time: 20241122165023 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.547 seconds Real time usage: 0.711 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1712/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 69638/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 4605/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 4/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 24716/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.381/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 18178521/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 633.133 1 -total 18.16% 114.964 7 Template:Navbox 17.53% 110.962 1 Template:Langx 17.52% 110.930 1 Template:Museums_in_Pakistan 14.37% 90.965 1 Template:Reflist 14.29% 90.472 1 Template:Infobox_museum 12.62% 79.884 1 Template:Infobox 12.44% 78.743 1 Template:Cite_web 12.21% 77.286 1 Template:Short_description 10.64% 67.371 1 Template:More_citations_needed --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:11817556-0!canonical and timestamp 20241122165023 and revision id 1258887983. 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