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mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principios_de_geolog%C3%ADa" title="Principios de geología – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Principios de geología" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%84_%D8%B2%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="اصول زمین‌شناسی – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اصول زمین‌شناسی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principes_de_g%C3%A9ologie" title="Principes de géologie – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Principes de géologie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%90%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%92%D7%99%D7%94#עקרונות_יסוד_בגאולוגיה" title="גאולוגיה – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="גאולוגיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principles_of_Geology" title="Principles of Geology – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Principles of Geology" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principi_di_geologia" title="Principi di geologia – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Principi di 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div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background:#cedeff;">地質學原理</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Lyell_Principles_frontispiece.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Lyell_Principles_frontispiece.jpg/220px-Lyell_Principles_frontispiece.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Lyell_Principles_frontispiece.jpg/330px-Lyell_Principles_frontispiece.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Lyell_Principles_frontispiece.jpg/440px-Lyell_Principles_frontispiece.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1716" data-file-height="1092" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">卷頭插畫，美國第二版，1857年</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;;">原名</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><span lang="en">Principles of Geology, being an attempt to explain the former changes of the Earth's surface, by reference to causes now in operation</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;;">作者</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%A5%E7%90%86%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E8%90%8A%E7%88%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="查理斯·萊爾">查理斯·萊爾</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;;">语言</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%96%87" class="mw-redirect" title="英文">英文</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;;">主题</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E8%B3%AA%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="地質學">地質學</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#cedeff;;">發行信息</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;;">出版机构</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">John Murray</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;;">出版時間</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1830–33年</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;;">出版地點</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%80%AB%E6%95%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="倫敦">倫敦</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>地质学原理</b>（<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%96%87" class="mw-redirect" title="英文">英文</a>：<b>Principles of Geology</b>）是<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国">英国</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E8%B4%A8%E5%AD%A6" title="地质学">地质学</a>家<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%A5%E7%90%86%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E8%90%8A%E7%88%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="查理斯·萊爾">查理斯·萊爾</a>的名著。1830年至1833年间分成三卷先后出版，莱尔在书中阐述了<a href="/wiki/%E5%9D%87%E8%AE%8A%E8%AB%96" title="均變論">均变论</a>的观点，认为山川河流的形成都是长时间积累的后果。<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>至莱尔去世，地质学原理共进行了11次修订。<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>此书对<a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%BE%E5%B0%94%E6%96%87" class="mw-redirect" title="达尔文">达尔文</a>及其物种选择的理论有一定影响。<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%B0%E8%B4%A8%E5%AD%A6%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：参考文献"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dlkp.gov.cn/keputiandi/earth/article/Print.Asp?ID=23&Page=2">2 灾变论与渐变论</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2010-02-26</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20041105024638/http://www.dlkp.gov.cn/keputiandi/earth/article/Print.Asp?ID=23">存档</a>于2004-11-05）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9C%B0%E8%B4%A8%E5%AD%A6%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86&rft.btitle=2+%E7%81%BE%E5%8F%98%E8%AE%BA%E4%B8%8E%E6%B8%90%E5%8F%98%E8%AE%BA&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dlkp.gov.cn%2Fkeputiandi%2Fearth%2Farticle%2FPrint.Asp%3FID%3D23%26Page%3D2&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ahpst.net.cn/kp_2/khyz/200432110638.shtml">莱伊尔的地球观</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2010-02-26</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051109103253/http://www.ahpst.net.cn/kp_2/khyz/200432110638.shtml">存档</a>于2005-11-09）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9C%B0%E8%B4%A8%E5%AD%A6%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86&rft.btitle=%E8%8E%B1%E4%BC%8A%E5%B0%94%E7%9A%84%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E8%A7%82&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ahpst.net.cn%2Fkp_2%2Fkhyz%2F200432110638.shtml&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sciencenet.cn/sbhtmlnews/2009/5/219849.html">从亚里士多德到达尔文</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%A4%B1%E6%95%88%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5" title="Wikipedia:失效链接"><span title="自2017年12月失效">永久失效連結</span></a>]</span></sup></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%B2" title="Template:生物学史"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%B2" title="Template talk:生物学史"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%B2" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:生物学史"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="生物学史" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%B2" title="生物学史">生物学史</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">领域和学科</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="自然历史">自然历史</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%9C%E4%B8%9A%E5%8F%B2" title="农业史">农业史</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="农学史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of agricultural science"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%86%9C%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="农学史（页面不存在）">农学史</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_agricultural_science" class="extiw" title="en:History of agricultural science"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of agricultural science</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="植物学史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of botany"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="植物学史（页面不存在）">植物学史</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_botany" class="extiw" title="en:History of botany"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of botany</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%B2" title="医学史">医学史</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%A3%E5%89%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%B2" title="解剖学史">解剖学史</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="动物学史 (1859年之前)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of zoology (through 1859)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%B2_(1859%E5%B9%B4%E4%B9%8B%E5%89%8D)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="动物学史 (1859年之前)（页面不存在）">动物学史 (1859年之前)</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_zoology_(through_1859)" class="extiw" title="en:History of zoology (through 1859)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of zoology (through 1859)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="动物学史 (1859年之后)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of zoology (since 1859)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%B2_(1859%E5%B9%B4%E4%B9%8B%E5%90%8E)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="动物学史 (1859年之后)（页面不存在）">动物学史 (1859年之后)</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_zoology_(since_1859)" class="extiw" title="en:History of zoology (since 1859)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of zoology (since 1859)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="植物分类学史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of plant systematics"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="植物分类学史（页面不存在）">植物分类学史</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_plant_systematics" class="extiw" title="en:History of plant systematics"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of plant systematics</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="古生物学史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of paleontology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%A4%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="古生物学史（页面不存在）">古生物学史</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_paleontology" class="extiw" title="en:History of paleontology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of paleontology</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E8%B4%A8%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%B2" title="地质学史">地质学史</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%94%E5%8C%96%E6%80%9D%E6%83%B3%E5%8F%B2" title="演化思想史">演化思想史</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="生态学史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of ecology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%9F%E6%80%81%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="生态学史（页面不存在）">生态学史</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_ecology" class="extiw" title="en:History of ecology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of ecology</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="模式生物史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of model organisms"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A8%A1%E5%BC%8F%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="模式生物史（页面不存在）">模式生物史</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_model_organisms" class="extiw" title="en:History of model organisms"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of model organisms</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="藻类学史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of phycology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%97%BB%E7%B1%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="藻类学史（页面不存在）">藻类学史</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_phycology" class="extiw" title="en:History of phycology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of phycology</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="遗传学史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of genetics"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%97%E4%BC%A0%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="遗传学史（页面不存在）">遗传学史</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_genetics" class="extiw" title="en:History of genetics"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of genetics</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%B2" title="生物化学史">生物化学的历史</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%B8%E5%8F%B2" title="分子生物學史">分子生物學史</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="RNA生物学史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of RNA biology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=RNA%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="RNA生物学史（页面不存在）">RNA生物学史</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_RNA_biology" class="extiw" title="en:History of RNA biology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of RNA biology</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="分子演化学史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of molecular evolution"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E6%BC%94%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="分子演化学史（页面不存在）">分子演化学史</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_molecular_evolution" class="extiw" title="en:History of molecular evolution"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of molecular evolution</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="免疫学史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Timeline of immunology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%8D%E7%96%AB%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="免疫学史（页面不存在）">免疫学史</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_immunology" class="extiw" title="en:Timeline of immunology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Timeline of immunology</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="生物技术史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of biotechnology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="生物技术史（页面不存在）">生物技术史</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_biotechnology" class="extiw" title="en:History of biotechnology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of biotechnology</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:HomunculusLarge.png" class="mw-file-description" title="The homonculus"><img alt="The homonculus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/HomunculusLarge.png/60px-HomunculusLarge.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/HomunculusLarge.png/90px-HomunculusLarge.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/HomunculusLarge.png/120px-HomunculusLarge.png 2x" data-file-width="145" data-file-height="580" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">机构</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="洛桑实验站" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Rothamsted Research"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B4%9B%E6%A1%91%E5%AE%9E%E9%AA%8C%E7%AB%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="洛桑实验站（页面不存在）">洛桑实验站</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rothamsted_Research" class="extiw" title="en:Rothamsted Research"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Rothamsted Research</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%96%AF%E5%BE%B7%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E9%99%A2" title="巴斯德研究院">巴斯德研究院</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%99%AE%E6%9C%97%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%A6%E4%BC%9A" title="马克斯·普朗克学会">马克斯·普朗克学会</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B7%E6%B3%89%E6%B8%AF%E5%AF%A6%E9%A9%97%E5%AE%A4" title="冷泉港實驗室">冷泉港實驗室</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B4%A2%E5%85%8B%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E6%89%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="索克研究所（页面不存在）">索克研究所</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="安东·多恩动物园" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Stazione Zoologica"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%89%E4%B8%9C%C2%B7%E5%A4%9A%E6%81%A9%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9%E5%9B%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="安东·多恩动物园（页面不存在）">安东·多恩动物园</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stazione_Zoologica" class="extiw" title="en:Stazione Zoologica"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Stazione Zoologica</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E6%B4%8B%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%9E%E9%AA%8C%E5%AE%A4" title="海洋生物学实验室">海洋生物学实验室</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%9B%E5%85%8B%E8%8F%B2%E5%8B%92%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8" title="洛克菲勒大學">洛克菲勒大學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8D%E5%85%B9%E9%9C%8D%E5%B0%94%E6%B5%B7%E6%B4%8B%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E6%89%80" title="伍兹霍尔海洋研究所">伍兹霍尔海洋研究所</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%9E%E9%AA%8C%E5%AE%A4" title="分子生物学实验室">分子生物学实验室</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">实验</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E9%87%8C%E8%8F%B2%E6%96%AF%E5%AF%A6%E9%A9%97" title="格里菲斯實驗">格里菲斯實驗</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E5%8B%92-%E5%B0%A4%E9%87%8C%E5%AE%9E%E9%AA%8C" title="米勒-尤里实验">米勒-尤里实验</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A2%E7%91%9E%E4%BA%9A-%E5%BE%B7%E5%B0%94%E5%B8%83%E5%90%95%E5%85%8B%E5%AE%9E%E9%AA%8C" title="卢瑞亚-德尔布吕克实验">卢瑞亚-德尔布吕克实验</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%BC%97%E9%87%8C-%E9%BA%A6%E5%85%8B%E5%8A%B3%E5%BE%B7-%E9%BA%A6%E5%8D%A1%E8%92%82%E5%AE%9E%E9%AA%8C" title="埃弗里-麦克劳德-麦卡蒂实验">埃弗里-麦克劳德-麦卡蒂实验</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E9%9B%AA-%E8%94%A1%E5%8F%B8%E5%AF%A6%E9%A9%97" title="赫雪-蔡司實驗">赫雪-蔡司實驗</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%85%E7%91%9F%E7%94%9F%E2%80%93%E5%8F%B2%E9%81%94%E5%AF%A6%E9%A9%97" title="梅瑟生–史達實驗">梅塞尔森-斯塔尔实验</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="克里克与布伦纳等人的实验" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Crick, Brenner et al. experiment"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E5%85%8B%E4%B8%8E%E5%B8%83%E4%BC%A6%E7%BA%B3%E7%AD%89%E4%BA%BA%E7%9A%84%E5%AE%9E%E9%AA%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="克里克与布伦纳等人的实验（页面不存在）">克里克与布伦纳等人的实验</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crick,_Brenner_et_al._experiment" class="extiw" title="en:Crick, Brenner et al. experiment"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Crick, Brenner et al. experiment</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E4%BC%A6%E4%BC%AF%E6%A0%BC-%E9%A9%AC%E7%89%B9%E4%BC%8A%E5%AE%9E%E9%AA%8C" title="尼伦伯格-马特伊实验">尼伦伯格-马特伊实验</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="尼伦伯格和里德的实验" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Nirenberg and Leder experiment"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%BC%E4%BC%A6%E4%BC%AF%E6%A0%BC%E5%92%8C%E9%87%8C%E5%BE%B7%E7%9A%84%E5%AE%9E%E9%AA%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="尼伦伯格和里德的实验（页面不存在）">尼伦伯格和里德的实验</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirenberg_and_Leder_experiment" class="extiw" title="en:Nirenberg and Leder experiment"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Nirenberg and Leder experiment</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">理论和概念</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E7%99%BC%E7%94%9F" title="自然發生">自然发生说</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%98%E5%9C%A8%E9%8E%96%E9%8F%88" class="mw-redirect" title="存在鎖鏈">自然阶梯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E9%A6%AC%E5%85%8B%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="拉馬克主義">拉马克学说</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%94%E7%88%BE%E6%96%87%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="達爾文主義">达尔文学说</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="疾病的生源说" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Germ theory of disease"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%96%BE%E7%97%85%E7%9A%84%E7%94%9F%E6%BA%90%E8%AF%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="疾病的生源说（页面不存在）">疾病的生源说</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germ_theory_of_disease" class="extiw" title="en:Germ theory of disease"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Germ theory of disease</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="一基因一酶假说" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="One gene-one enzyme hypothesis"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%80%E5%9F%BA%E5%9B%A0%E4%B8%80%E9%85%B6%E5%81%87%E8%AF%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="一基因一酶假说（页面不存在）">一基因一酶假说</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One_gene-one_enzyme_hypothesis" class="extiw" title="en:One gene-one enzyme hypothesis"><span lang="en" dir="auto">One gene-one enzyme hypothesis</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%88%9D%E7%94%9F%E5%91%BD%E9%AB%94" title="原初生命體">原初生命體</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="序列假说" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sequence hypothesis"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BA%8F%E5%88%97%E5%81%87%E8%AF%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="序列假说（页面不存在）">序列假说</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sequence_hypothesis" class="extiw" title="en:Sequence hypothesis"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sequence hypothesis</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83%E6%B3%95%E5%89%87" title="中心法則">分子生物学的中心法则</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RNA%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%AD%B8%E8%AA%AA" title="RNA世界學說">RNA世界學說</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">历史</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%85%B8%E6%97%B6%E4%BB%A3" title="古典时代">古典时代</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E9%87%8C%E5%A3%AB%E5%A4%9A%E5%BE%B7" title="亚里士多德">亚里士多德</a> <ul><li>《<a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%BA%E4%BA%A7%E7%94%9F%E5%92%8C%E6%AF%81%E7%81%AD" title="论产生和毁灭">论产生和毁灭</a>》</li> <li>《<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9%E5%BF%97" title="动物志">动物志</a>》</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%B0%E5%A5%A7%E5%BC%97%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF%E6%89%98%E6%96%AF" title="泰奧弗拉斯托斯">泰奧弗拉斯托斯</a> <ul><li>《<a href="/wiki/%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E5%8F%B2" title="植物史">植物史</a>》</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%AA%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E7%A7%91%E9%87%8C%E5%BE%B7%E6%96%AF" title="迪奥斯科里德斯">迪奥斯科里德斯</a> <ul><li>《<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="药物论" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="De Materia Medica"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E8%97%A5%E7%89%A9%E8%AB%96" title="藥物論">药物论</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_Materia_Medica" class="extiw" title="en:De Materia Medica"><span lang="en" dir="auto">De Materia Medica</span></a></span>）</span></span>》</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E8%89%BA%E5%A4%8D%E5%85%B4" title="文艺复兴">文艺复兴</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A9%E6%9C%9F%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3" title="早期现代">近代早期</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%BE%B7%E7%83%88%E4%BA%9A%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E7%BB%B4%E8%90%A8%E7%95%99%E6%96%AF" title="安德烈亚斯·维萨留斯">安德烈亚斯·维萨留斯</a> <ul><li>《<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E4%BD%93%E7%9A%84%E6%9E%84%E9%80%A0" title="人体的构造">人体的构造</a>》</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E7%BB%B4" title="威廉·哈维">威廉·哈维</a> <ul><li>《<a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%83%E8%A1%80%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8%E8%AE%BA" title="心血运动论">心血运动论</a>》</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%B0%94%E5%88%87%E6%B4%9B%C2%B7%E9%A9%AC%E5%B0%94%E7%9A%AE%E5%90%89" title="马尔切洛·马尔皮吉">马尔切洛·马尔皮吉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E8%83%A1%E5%85%8B" title="罗伯特·胡克">罗伯特·胡克</a> <ul><li>《<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%BE%E5%BE%AE%E5%9B%BE%E8%B0%B1" title="显微图谱">显微图谱</a>》</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E6%9D%B1%E5%B0%BC%C2%B7%E8%8C%83%C2%B7%E5%88%97%E6%96%87%E8%99%8E%E5%85%8B" title="安東尼·范·列文虎克">列文虎克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E6%9C%97%E5%88%87%E6%96%AF%E7%A7%91%C2%B7%E9%9B%B7%E8%BF%AA" title="弗朗切斯科·雷迪">弗朗切斯科·雷迪</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">18世纪,<br />19世纪</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E6%9E%97%E5%A5%88" title="卡尔·林奈">卡尔·林奈</a> <ul><li>《<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1" title="自然系統">自然系統</a>》</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%94%E6%B2%BB-%E8%B7%AF%E6%98%93%C2%B7%E5%8B%92%E5%85%8B%E8%8E%B1%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E4%B8%B0" title="乔治-路易·勒克莱尔·德·布丰">布丰伯爵</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%A9-%E5%B7%B4%E8%92%82%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E6%8B%89%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%8B" title="让-巴蒂斯特·拉马克">让-巴蒂斯特·拉马克</a> <ul><li>《<a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%95%E7%89%A9%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%B8" title="動物哲學">動物哲學</a>》</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%AC%E6%B2%BB%C2%B7%E5%B1%85%E7%B6%AD%E8%91%89" title="喬治·居維葉">喬治·居維葉</a> <ul><li>《<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="动物界 (书籍)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Le Règne Animal"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9%E7%95%8C_(%E4%B9%A6%E7%B1%8D)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="动物界 (书籍)（页面不存在）">动物界</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_R%C3%A8gne_Animal" class="extiw" title="en:Le Règne Animal"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Le Règne Animal</span></a></span>）</span></span>》</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E5%8E%86%E5%B1%B1%E5%A4%A7%C2%B7%E5%86%AF%C2%B7%E6%B4%AA%E5%A0%A1" title="亚历山大·冯·洪堡">亚历山大·冯·洪堡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%A5%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E8%90%8A%E7%88%BE" title="查爾斯·萊爾">查尔斯·莱尔</a> <ul><li>《<a class="mw-selflink selflink">地质学原理</a>》</li></ul></li> <li>《<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="创造的自然历史的痕迹" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%88%9B%E9%80%A0%E7%9A%84%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2%E7%9A%84%E7%97%95%E8%BF%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="创造的自然历史的痕迹（页面不存在）">创造的痕迹</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vestiges_of_the_Natural_History_of_Creation" class="extiw" title="en:Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation</span></a></span>）</span></span>》</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%A5%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E8%BE%BE%E5%B0%94%E6%96%87" title="查尔斯·达尔文">查尔斯·达尔文</a> <ul><li>《<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E7%A7%8D%E8%B5%B7%E6%BA%90" title="物种起源">物种起源</a>》</li> <li>《<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E7%B1%BB%E7%9A%84%E7%94%B1%E6%9D%A5" title="人类的由来">人类的由来</a>》</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E5%BC%97%E9%9B%B7%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E6%8B%89%E5%A1%9E%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%8D%8E%E8%8E%B1%E5%A3%AB" title="阿尔弗雷德·拉塞尔·华莱士">阿尔弗雷德·拉塞尔·华莱士</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%84%E7%91%9F%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E6%BD%98%E5%A5%91%E5%A5%87" title="約瑟夫·潘契奇">約瑟夫·潘契奇</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A8%E5%88%A9%C2%B7%E6%B2%83%E5%B0%94%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E8%B4%9D%E5%85%B9" title="亨利·沃尔特·贝兹">亨利·沃尔特·贝兹</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E9%9B%B7%E6%88%88%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E5%AD%9F%E5%BE%B7%E7%88%BE" title="格雷戈爾·孟德爾">孟德爾</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="植物杂交试验" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Experiments on Plant Hybridization"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E6%9D%82%E4%BA%A4%E8%AF%95%E9%AA%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="植物杂交试验（页面不存在）">植物杂交试验</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experiments_on_Plant_Hybridization" class="extiw" title="en:Experiments on Plant Hybridization"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Experiments on Plant Hybridization</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B7%AF%E6%98%93%C2%B7%E5%B7%B4%E6%96%AF%E5%BE%B7" title="路易·巴斯德">路易·巴斯德</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E7%A7%91%E8%B5%AB" title="罗伯特·科赫">罗伯特·科赫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%81%A9%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E6%B5%B7%E5%85%8B%E5%B0%94" title="恩斯特·海克尔">恩斯特·海克尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E8%90%AC%C2%B7%E5%B7%B4%E7%94%AB%E6%B4%9B%E5%A4%AB" title="伊萬·巴甫洛夫">巴甫洛夫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%A2%E5%B0%94%E7%9B%96%C2%B7%E5%B0%BC%E5%8F%A4%E6%8B%89%E8%80%B6%E7%BB%B4%E5%A5%87%C2%B7%E7%BB%B4%E8%AF%BA%E6%A0%BC%E6%8B%89%E8%8C%A8%E5%9F%BA" title="谢尔盖·尼古拉耶维奇·维诺格拉茨基">谢尔盖·维诺格拉茨基</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%85%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E6%B4%9B%E5%B8%83" title="雅克·洛布">雅克·洛布</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E6%88%88%C2%B7%E5%BE%B7%E5%BC%97%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF" title="胡戈·德弗里斯">胡戈·德弗里斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%BE%B7%E8%92%99%C2%B7%E6%AF%94%E5%BD%BB%C2%B7%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%94%E9%80%8A" title="埃德蒙·比彻·威尔逊">埃德蒙·比彻·威尔逊</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">20世纪</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98%E9%A9%AC%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E4%BA%A8%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E6%91%A9%E5%B0%94%E6%A0%B9" title="托马斯·亨特·摩尔根">托马斯·亨特·摩尔根</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E5%8E%86%E5%B1%B1%E5%A4%A7%C2%B7%E5%A5%A5%E5%B7%B4%E6%9E%97" title="亚历山大·奥巴林">亚历山大·奥巴林</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E5%8E%86%E5%B1%B1%E5%A4%A7%C2%B7%E5%BC%97%E8%8E%B1%E6%98%8E" title="亚历山大·弗莱明">亚历山大·弗莱明</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E9%87%8C%E5%A5%87%E9%9F%8B" title="羅伯特·里奇韋">羅伯特·里奇韋</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._B._S._%E9%9C%8D%E5%B0%94%E4%B8%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="J. B. S. 霍尔丹">J·B·S·霍尔丹</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%91%E5%8E%84%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E8%B5%96%E7%89%B9" title="休厄尔·赖特">赖特</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E7%B4%8D%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E6%84%9B%E7%88%BE%E9%BB%98%C2%B7%E8%B2%BB%E9%9B%AA" title="羅納德·愛爾默·費雪">羅納德·費雪</a></li> <li>《<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="孟德尔遗传假定下的亲戚之间的相关性" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="The Correlation between Relatives on the Supposition of Mendelian Inheritance"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%9F%E5%BE%B7%E5%B0%94%E9%81%97%E4%BC%A0%E5%81%87%E5%AE%9A%E4%B8%8B%E7%9A%84%E4%BA%B2%E6%88%9A%E4%B9%8B%E9%97%B4%E7%9A%84%E7%9B%B8%E5%85%B3%E6%80%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="孟德尔遗传假定下的亲戚之间的相关性（页面不存在）">孟德尔遗传假定下的亲戚之间的相关性</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Correlation_between_Relatives_on_the_Supposition_of_Mendelian_Inheritance" class="extiw" title="en:The Correlation between Relatives on the Supposition of Mendelian Inheritance"><span lang="en" dir="auto">The Correlation between Relatives on the Supposition of Mendelian Inheritance</span></a></span>）</span></span>》</li> <li>《<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E5%91%BD%E6%98%AF%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88" title="生命是什么">生命是什么?</a>》</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%B7%E6%8B%89%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E6%B4%9B%E4%BC%A6%E5%85%B9" title="康拉德·洛伦兹">康拉德·洛伦兹</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%B7%B4%E6%8B%89%C2%B7%E9%BA%A6%E5%85%8B%E6%9E%97%E6%89%98%E5%85%8B" title="巴巴拉·麦克林托克">巴巴拉·麦克林托克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%B9%E5%A5%A5%E5%A4%9A%E8%A5%BF%C2%B7%E5%A4%9A%E5%B8%83%E7%84%B6%E6%96%AF%E5%9F%BA" title="费奥多西·多布然斯基">费奥多西·多布然斯基</a> <ul><li>《<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="遗传学与物种起源" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Genetics and the Origin of Species"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%97%E4%BC%A0%E5%AD%A6%E4%B8%8E%E7%89%A9%E7%A7%8D%E8%B5%B7%E6%BA%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="遗传学与物种起源（页面不存在）">遗传学与物种起源</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetics_and_the_Origin_of_Species" class="extiw" title="en:Genetics and the Origin of Species"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Genetics and the Origin of Species</span></a></span>）</span></span>》</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%81%A9%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E7%93%A6%E5%B0%94%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E8%BF%88%E5%B0%94" title="恩斯特·瓦尔特·迈尔">恩斯特·瓦尔特·迈尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%94%E6%B2%BB%C2%B7%E9%9F%A6%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%AF%94%E5%BE%B7%E5%B0%94" title="乔治·韦尔斯·比德尔">乔治·韦尔斯·比德尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%91%A9%C2%B7%E6%9C%AC%E6%B3%BD" title="西摩·本泽">西摩·本泽</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E8%8E%8E%E7%90%B3%C2%B7%E5%AF%8C%E8%98%AD%E5%85%8B%E6%9E%97" title="羅莎琳·富蘭克林">羅莎琳·富蘭克林</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%B9%E5%A7%86%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%9D%9C%E5%A8%81%C2%B7%E6%B2%83%E6%A3%AE" title="詹姆斯·杜威·沃森">詹姆斯·沃森</a> 与 <a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E6%9C%97%E8%A5%BF%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E5%85%8B" title="弗朗西斯·克里克">弗朗西斯·克里克</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E9%85%B8%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E7%B5%90%E6%A7%8B" title="核酸分子結構">核酸分子結構</a></li></ul></li> <li>《<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="镰刀型红血球疾病，一种分子疾病" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sickle Cell Anemia, a Molecular Disease"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%95%B0%E5%88%80%E5%9E%8B%E7%BA%A2%E8%A1%80%E7%90%83%E7%96%BE%E7%97%85%EF%BC%8C%E4%B8%80%E7%A7%8D%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E7%96%BE%E7%97%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="镰刀型红血球疾病，一种分子疾病（页面不存在）">镰刀型红血球疾病，一种分子疾病</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sickle_Cell_Anemia,_a_Molecular_Disease" class="extiw" title="en:Sickle Cell Anemia, a Molecular Disease"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sickle Cell Anemia, a Molecular Disease</span></a></span>）</span></span>》</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E9%9B%B7%E5%BE%B7%E9%87%8C%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E6%A1%91%E6%A0%BC" title="弗雷德里克·桑格">弗雷德里克·桑格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E4%BD%A9%E9%B2%81%E8%8C%A8" title="马克斯·佩鲁茨">马克斯·佩鲁茨</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E8%82%AF%E5%BE%B7%E9%B2%81" title="约翰·肯德鲁">约翰·肯德鲁</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%BE%B7%E5%B0%BC%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E4%BC%A6%E7%BA%B3" title="西德尼·布伦纳">西德尼·布伦纳</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%94%E8%88%92%E4%BA%9A%C2%B7%E8%8E%B1%E5%BE%B7%E4%BC%AF%E6%A0%BC" title="乔舒亚·莱德伯格">乔舒亚·莱德伯格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%83%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E5%90%89%E7%88%BE%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9" title="沃特·吉爾伯特">沃特·吉爾伯特</a></li> 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