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李苦禅 - 维基百科,自由的百科全书
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mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E6%9D%8E%E8%8B%A6%E7%A6%85" title="建议你登录,尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-生平" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#生平"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>生平</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-生平-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-艺术成就" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#艺术成就"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>艺术成就</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-艺术成就-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考文献" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考文献"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>参考文献</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部链接" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部链接"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>外部链接</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部链接-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">李苦禅</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。5种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-5" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">5种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li_Kuchan" title="Li Kuchan – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Li Kuchan" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li_Kuchan" title="Li Kuchan – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Li Kuchan" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li_Kuchan" title="Li Kuchan – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Li Kuchan" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li_Kuchan" title="Li Kuchan – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Li Kuchan" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%96_%D0%9A%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C" title="Лі Кучань – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Лі Кучань" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1822576#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E8%8B%A6%E7%A6%85" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E6%9D%8E%E8%8B%A6%E7%A6%85" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" accesskey="t"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="更改语言变体" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">不转换</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-varlang-0" class="selected ca-variants-zh mw-list-item"><a href="/zh/%E6%9D%8E%E8%8B%A6%E7%A6%85" lang="zh" hreflang="zh"><span>不转换</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hans/%E6%9D%8E%E8%8B%A6%E7%A6%85" lang="zh-Hans" hreflang="zh-Hans"><span>简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-2" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hant/%E6%9D%8E%E8%8B%A6%E7%A6%85" lang="zh-Hant" hreflang="zh-Hant"><span>繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-3" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-CN mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-cn/%E6%9D%8E%E8%8B%A6%E7%A6%85" lang="zh-Hans-CN" hreflang="zh-Hans-CN"><span>大陆简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-4" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-HK mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hk/%E6%9D%8E%E8%8B%A6%E7%A6%85" lang="zh-Hant-HK" hreflang="zh-Hant-HK"><span>香港繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-5" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-MO mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-mo/%E6%9D%8E%E8%8B%A6%E7%A6%85" lang="zh-Hant-MO" hreflang="zh-Hant-MO"><span>澳門繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-6" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-MY mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-my/%E6%9D%8E%E8%8B%A6%E7%A6%85" lang="zh-Hans-MY" hreflang="zh-Hans-MY"><span>大马简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-7" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-SG mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-sg/%E6%9D%8E%E8%8B%A6%E7%A6%85" lang="zh-Hans-SG" hreflang="zh-Hans-SG"><span>新加坡简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-8" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-TW mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-tw/%E6%9D%8E%E8%8B%A6%E7%A6%85" lang="zh-Hant-TW" hreflang="zh-Hant-TW"><span>臺灣正體</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="查看"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E8%8B%A6%E7%A6%85"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%8E%E8%8B%A6%E7%A6%85&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%8E%E8%8B%A6%E7%A6%85&action=history" title="本页面的早前版本。[h]" accesskey="h"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="工具" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">工具</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="更多选项" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E8%8B%A6%E7%A6%85"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%8E%E8%8B%A6%E7%A6%85&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%8E%E8%8B%A6%E7%A6%85&action=history"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 常规 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%85%A5%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/%E6%9D%8E%E8%8B%A6%E7%A6%85" title="列出所有与本页相链的页面[j]" accesskey="j"><span>链入页面</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%87%BA%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9/%E6%9D%8E%E8%8B%A6%E7%A6%85" rel="nofollow" title="页面链出所有页面的更改[k]" accesskey="k"><span>相关更改</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Project:%E4%B8%8A%E4%BC%A0" title="上传图像或多媒体文件[u]" accesskey="u"><span>上传文件</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="全部特殊页面的列表[q]" accesskey="q"><span>特殊页面</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%8E%E8%8B%A6%E7%A6%85&oldid=74827883" title="此页面该修订版本的固定链接"><span>固定链接</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a 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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><span class="fn">李苦禪</span></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%A8%E5%AD%97" title="表字">字</a></th><td class="infobox-data additional-name" style="">超三、勵公</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;">性别</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">男</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;">出生</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><span class="nickname">李英傑、李英</span><br />1899年1月11日<br /><span class="birthplace"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Flag_of_China_%281889%E2%80%931912%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_China_%281889%E2%80%931912%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Flag_of_China_%281889%E2%80%931912%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_China_%281889%E2%80%931912%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Flag_of_China_%281889%E2%80%931912%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_China_%281889%E2%80%931912%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%9C%9D" title="清朝">大清</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E6%9D%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="山東">山東</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E5%94%90" class="mw-redirect" title="高唐">高唐</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;">逝世</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1983年6月11日<span style="display:none">(<span class="dday deathdate">1983歲—06—11</span>)</span>(84歲)<br /><span class="deathplace"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="中华人民共和国">中华人民共和国</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;">国籍</th><td class="infobox-data category" style=""><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="中华人民共和国">中华人民共和国</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;">别名</th><td class="infobox-data nickname" style="">苦禪<small>(<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%90%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="法名">法名</a>)</small></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;">职业</th><td class="infobox-data role" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E7%95%AB%E5%AE%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="畫家">畫家</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>李苦禅</b>(1899年1月11日—1983年6月11日),原名<b>英杰</b>,後改名<b>英</b>,<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%A8%E5%AD%97" title="表字">字</a><b>超三</b>,後改<b>励公</b>,<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%90%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="法名">法名</a><b>苦禪</b>,以法名行世。<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E4%B8%9C%E7%9C%81" title="山东省">山东</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E5%94%90%E5%8E%BF" title="高唐县">高唐</a>人,中国画家。<sup id="cite_ref-nb_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nb-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-js_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-js-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="生平"><span id=".E7.94.9F.E5.B9.B3"></span>生平</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%8E%E8%8B%A6%E7%A6%85&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节:生平"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>李苦禅生于<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E4%B8%9C%E7%9C%81" title="山东省">山东省</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E5%94%90%E5%8E%BF" title="高唐县">高唐县</a>一户贫苦农民家庭。1918年结识画家<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E6%82%B2%E9%B8%BF" title="徐悲鸿">徐悲鸿</a>,获授西画技法。1922年,考入<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%B9%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="北平">北平</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E7%AB%8B%E8%97%9D%E5%B0%88" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="國立藝專">国立艺术专科学校</a>西画系专学西画。 </p><p>1923年,拜<a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%90%E7%99%BD%E7%9F%B3" title="齐白石">齐白石</a>为师,成为齐白石的第一位入室弟子。自此,他开始探索“中西合璧”的道路,以改革<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%94%BB" title="中国画">中国画</a>。1924年在齐白石的精心培育下,他画艺大进。後在国立艺专成立“九友画会”,九友分别是:李苦禅、王雪涛,王仲年、徐佩遐、孙公符、何冀祥、阎爱兰,颜伯龙、袁仲沂。二十世纪三四十年代与蒋雨浓、王青芳、白铎斋并称“京中四怪” 。 </p><p>1931年,在杭州<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E7%AB%8B%E8%97%9D%E5%B0%88" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="國立藝專">国立艺专</a>任教。1934年秋,在上海举办个人画展。1935年,参加“一二·九”爱国游行示威运动。夏,与<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A0%E5%A4%A7%E5%8D%83" class="mw-redirect" title="张大千">张大千</a>重逢于北平。1936年,家庭遭变,与凌嵋琳离异;改字为<b>励公</b>。作《清供图》赠王森然,齐白石题道:“英也过我。” 1941年7月5日至7日,在北平<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%B1%B1%E5%85%AC%E5%9B%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="中山公园">中山公园</a>举办画展,展出作品50余件。1946年,被徐悲鸿院长聘为北平国立艺专国画教授,并被推选为首届“中国美术作家协会”常务理事。次年结识画家<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%B4%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA" title="吴作人">吴作人</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%B8%E9%BA%9F%E5%BA%90" title="许麟庐">许麟庐</a>。1949年,与<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%95%E6%80%9D%E6%BA%90" title="何思源">何思源</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E6%82%B2%E9%B8%BF" title="徐悲鸿">徐悲鸿</a>等<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%B9%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="北平">北平</a>文化界名流合力斡旋,呼吁<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%85%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="中共">中共</a>和平解放北平,以保护古都文化遗迹和人民生命财产的安全。<sup id="cite_ref-nb_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nb-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-js_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-js-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="中华人民共和国">中华人民共和国</a>成立后,历任<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E7%BE%8E%E6%9C%AF%E5%AD%A6%E9%99%A2" title="中央美术学院">中央美术学院</a>中国画系教授、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%94%BB%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E9%99%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="中国画研究院(页面不存在)">中国画研究院</a>院务委员、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%BE%8E%E6%9C%AF%E5%AE%B6%E5%8D%8F%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="中国美术家协会">中国美术家协会</a>理事、<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%8F%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98" class="mw-redirect" title="全国政协委员">全国政协委员</a>。<sup id="cite_ref-nb_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nb-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-js_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-js-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E5%A4%A7%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="文化大革命">文化大革命</a>期间,尤其是<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%B9%E2%80%9C%E9%BB%91%E7%94%BB%E2%80%9D%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="批“黑画”运动">批“黑画”运动</a>期间,受到<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%B9%E6%96%97" class="mw-redirect" title="批斗">批斗</a>和迫害<sup id="cite_ref-:5_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。1983年6月11日,因<a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%83%E8%84%8F%E7%97%85" title="心脏病">心脏病</a>突发逝世,享年86岁。<sup id="cite_ref-nb_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nb-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-js_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-js-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="艺术成就"><span id=".E8.89.BA.E6.9C.AF.E6.88.90.E5.B0.B1"></span>艺术成就</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%8E%E8%8B%A6%E7%A6%85&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节:艺术成就"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>李苦禅在中国写意花鸟画史上,继<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%B8%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="法常">法常</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E6%96%87%E9%95%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="徐文长">徐文长</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AB%E5%A4%A7%E5%B1%B1%E4%BA%BA" title="八大山人">八大山人</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%B4%E6%98%8C%E7%A1%95" class="mw-redirect" title="吴昌硕">吴昌硕</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%90%E7%99%BD%E7%9F%B3" title="齐白石">齐白石</a>之后,成为一代写意花鸟画大师。<sup id="cite_ref-nb_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nb-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-js_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-js-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>李苦禅主张“书至画为高度,画至书为极则”。<sup id="cite_ref-nb_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nb-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-js_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-js-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%8E%E8%8B%A6%E7%A6%85&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节:参考文献"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-nb-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nb_1-0"><sup><b>1.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nb_1-1"><sup><b>1.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nb_1-2"><sup><b>1.2</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nb_1-3"><sup><b>1.3</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nb_1-4"><sup><b>1.4</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nb_1-5"><sup><b>1.5</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120524103651/http://www.likuchan.com/85/2008/02/18/1@36.htm">李苦禅先生年表,李苦禅官方网站,2008-02-18</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2013-03-04</span>]</span>. (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.likuchan.com/85/2008/02/18/1@36.htm">原始内容</a>存档于2012-05-24).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9D%8E%E8%8B%A6%E7%A6%85&rft.btitle=%E6%9D%8E%E8%8B%A6%E7%A6%85%E5%85%88%E7%94%9F%E5%B9%B4%E8%A1%A8%EF%BC%8C%E6%9D%8E%E8%8B%A6%E7%A6%85%E5%AE%98%E6%96%B9%E7%BD%91%E7%AB%99%EF%BC%8C2008-02-18&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.likuchan.com%2F85%2F2008%2F02%2F18%2F1%4036.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-js-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-js_2-0"><sup><b>2.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-js_2-1"><sup><b>2.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-js_2-2"><sup><b>2.2</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-js_2-3"><sup><b>2.3</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-js_2-4"><sup><b>2.4</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-js_2-5"><sup><b>2.5</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120621180249/http://www.likuchan.com/rwjs.htm">人物介绍,李苦禅官方网站,于2013-03-04查阅</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2013-03-04</span>]</span>. (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.likuchan.com/rwjs.htm">原始内容</a>存档于2012-06-21).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9D%8E%E8%8B%A6%E7%A6%85&rft.btitle=%E4%BA%BA%E7%89%A9%E4%BB%8B%E7%BB%8D%EF%BC%8C%E6%9D%8E%E8%8B%A6%E7%A6%85%E5%AE%98%E6%96%B9%E7%BD%91%E7%AB%99%EF%BC%8C%E4%BA%8E2013-03-04%E6%9F%A5%E9%98%85&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.likuchan.com%2Frwjs.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:5-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:5_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">曹大澄. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scicat.cn/news/gov/20190910/2865097.html">批“黑画”运动中的几位画家</a>. 科学猫. 《中外文摘》. 2017年. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220522211418/http://www.scicat.cn/news/gov/20190910/2865097.html">存档</a>于2022-05-22).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9D%8E%E8%8B%A6%E7%A6%85&rft.atitle=%E6%89%B9%E2%80%9C%E9%BB%91%E7%94%BB%E2%80%9D%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E5%87%A0%E4%BD%8D%E7%94%BB%E5%AE%B6&rft.au=%E6%9B%B9%E5%A4%A7%E6%BE%84&rft.date=2017&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E7%8C%AB&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scicat.cn%2Fnews%2Fgov%2F20190910%2F2865097.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.pku.edu.cn/bdrw/137-114919.htm">画家李苦禅</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="北京大学">北京大学</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%91%E6%98%93" title="网易">网易</a>. 2007-06-11. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220724105656/https://news.pku.edu.cn/bdrw/137-114919.htm">存档</a>于2022-07-24).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9D%8E%E8%8B%A6%E7%A6%85&rft.atitle=%E7%94%BB%E5%AE%B6%E6%9D%8E%E8%8B%A6%E7%A6%85&rft.date=2007-06-11&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.pku.edu.cn%2Fbdrw%2F137-114919.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://epaper.gmw.cn/zhdsb/html/2021-05/26/nw.D110000zhdsb_20210526_1-12.htm">李苦禅改变了我的人生之路</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E6%98%8E%E7%BD%91_(%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD)" class="mw-redirect" title="光明网 (中国)">光明网</a>. 《中华读书报》. 2021-05-26. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220904203620/https://epaper.gmw.cn/zhdsb/html/2021-05/26/nw.D110000zhdsb_20210526_1-12.htm">存档</a>于2022-09-04).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9D%8E%E8%8B%A6%E7%A6%85&rft.atitle=%E6%9D%8E%E8%8B%A6%E7%A6%85%E6%94%B9%E5%8F%98%E4%BA%86%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E4%BA%BA%E7%94%9F%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF&rft.date=2021-05-26&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%E5%85%89%E6%98%8E%E7%BD%91&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fepaper.gmw.cn%2Fzhdsb%2Fhtml%2F2021-05%2F26%2Fnw.D110000zhdsb_20210526_1-12.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部链接"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.93.BE.E6.8E.A5"></span>外部链接</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%8E%E8%8B%A6%E7%A6%85&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节:外部链接"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121224151736/http://www.likuchan.com/">李苦禅官方网站</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D%E9%97%BB" title="王朝闻">王朝闻</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9F%E6%9C%89%E7%94%9F" title="江有生">江有生</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%82%B5%E5%AE%87" title="邵宇">邵 宇</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%B3%E5%86%A0%E4%B8%AD" title="吳冠中">吴冠中</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%83%81%E9%A3%8E" title="郁风">郁 风</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%A6%E6%B6%B5" title="彦涵">彦 涵</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E8%99%B9" title="高虹">高 虹</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%9A%E5%87%A4%E5%B2%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阚凤岗(页面不存在)">阚凤岗</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">常务理事</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%9B%E7%BE%A4" title="力群">力 群</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D%E9%97%BB" title="王朝闻">王朝闻</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E6%B5%A9" title="文浩">文 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<li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%B8%E4%B9%A6%E9%B8%BF" title="常书鸿">常书鸿</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%96%E5%B0%91%E5%85%B6" title="赖少其">赖少其</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B7%E5%9C%AD%E5%85%83" title="雷圭元">雷圭元</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%94%A1%E8%8B%A5%E8%99%B9" title="蔡若虹">蔡若虹</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">理事</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%81%E8%81%AA" title="丁聪">丁 聪</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%81%E4%BA%95%E6%96%87" title="丁井文">丁井文</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%9B%E7%BE%A4" title="力群">力 群</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8E%E5%B8%8C%E5%AE%81" title="于希宁">于希宁</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E7%90%A6_(%E7%89%88%E7%94%BB%E5%AE%B6)" title="王琦 (版画家)">王 琦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E4%B8%AA%E7%B0%83" title="王个簃">王个簃</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E5%BA%86%E6%B7%AE" title="王庆淮">王庆淮</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E5%8F%94%E6%99%96" title="王叔晖">王叔晖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E6%A0%91%E8%89%BA" title="王树艺">王树艺</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E5%86%A0_(%E4%B9%A6%E7%94%BB%E5%AE%B6)" title="王冠 (书画家)">王冠安</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E6%B5%81%E7%A7%8B" title="王流秋">王流秋</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E9%9B%AA%E6%B6%9B" title="王雪涛">王雪涛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E7%9B%9B%E7%83%88" title="王盛烈">王盛烈</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E7%BB%AA%E9%98%B3" title="王绪阳">王绪阳</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D%E9%97%BB" title="王朝闻">王朝闻</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E5%BE%B7%E5%A8%81" title="王德威">王德威</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%9B%E6%96%87" title="牛文">牛 文</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%9B%E4%B9%83%E6%96%87" title="牛乃文">牛乃文</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E6%B5%A9" title="文浩">文 浩</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B9%E6%88%90_(%E6%BC%AB%E7%94%BB%E5%AE%B6)" title="方成 (漫画家)">方 成</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B9%E4%B9%8B%E5%8D%97" title="方之南">方之南</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B9%E6%B5%8E%E4%BC%97_(%E7%94%BB%E5%AE%B6)" title="方济众 (画家)">方济众</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B9%E5%A2%9E%E5%85%88" title="方增先">方增先</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%B9%E7%98%A6%E7%9F%B3" title="尹瘦石">尹瘦石</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E9%B2%81" title="石鲁">石 鲁</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E7%86%99%E6%BB%A1" title="石熙满">石熙满</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%85%83" title="古元">古 元</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E4%B8%AD%E4%BF%A1" title="艾中信">艾中信</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B6%E6%B5%85%E4%BA%88" title="叶浅予">叶浅予</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B0%E8%BE%9B%E7%94%AB" title="田辛甫">田辛甫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%82%93%E7%99%BD" title="邓白">邓 白</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E6%98%8E" title="亚明">亚 明</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E8%B0%B7_(%E6%BC%AB%E7%95%AB%E5%AE%B6)" title="米谷 (漫畫家)">米 谷</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%88%E7%BE%A4" title="师群">师 群</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%95%E8%92%99" title="吕蒙">吕 蒙</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%95%E5%AD%A6%E5%8B%A4" title="吕学勤">吕学勤</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E4%B8%B9_(%E8%89%BA%E6%9C%AF%E5%AE%B6)" title="朱丹 (艺术家)">朱 丹</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E4%B9%83%E6%AD%A3" title="朱乃正">朱乃正</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E9%B8%A3%E5%B2%97" title="朱鸣岗">朱鸣岗</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8D%E5%BF%85%E7%AB%AF" title="伍必端">伍必端</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8E%E5%A4%8F" title="华夏">华 夏</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8E%E5%90%9B%E6%AD%A6" title="华君武">华君武</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%84%E8%A8%80" title="庄言">庄 言</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E8%BF%85" title="刘迅">刘 迅</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E5%BC%80%E6%B8%A0" title="刘开渠">刘开渠</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E6%96%87%E8%A5%BF" title="刘文西">刘文西</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E6%B5%B7%E7%B2%9F" title="刘海粟">刘海粟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E7%BB%A7%E5%8D%A3" title="刘继卣">刘继卣</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E8%92%99%E5%A4%A9" title="刘蒙天">刘蒙天</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B3%E8%89%AF" title="关良">关 良</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B3%E4%B8%87%E9%87%8C" title="关万里">关万里</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B3%E5%B1%B1%E6%9C%88_(%E7%94%BB%E5%AE%B6)" title="关山月 (画家)">关山月</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B3%E5%A4%AB%E7%94%9F" title="关夫生">关夫生</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9F%E4%B8%B0" title="江丰">江 丰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9F%E6%9C%89%E7%94%9F" title="江有生">江有生</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%A0%E6%98%9F" title="池星">池 星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%A4%E5%B0%8F%E9%93%AD" title="汤小铭">汤小铭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%B8%E5%B9%B8%E4%B9%8B" title="许幸之">许幸之</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%99%E5%85%B6%E5%B3%B0" title="孙其峰">孙其峰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%9C%E9%94%AE" title="杜键">杜 键</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E6%A1%A6_(%E7%BE%8E%E6%9C%AF%E5%AE%B6)" title="李桦 (美术家)">李 桦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E5%B0%91%E8%A8%80" title="李少言">李少言</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E5%8F%AF%E6%9F%93" title="李可染">李可染</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">李苦禅</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E7%84%95%E6%B0%91" title="李焕民">李焕民</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E6%A2%93%E7%9B%9B" title="李梓盛">李梓盛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E7%A1%95%E5%8D%BF" class="mw-disambig" title="李硕卿">李硕卿</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E6%A7%90%E4%B9%8B" title="李槐之">李槐之</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%A8%E8%A7%92_(%E4%B9%A6%E7%94%BB%E5%AE%B6)" title="杨角 (书画家)">杨 角</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%8A%E4%B9%8B%E5%85%89" title="楊之光">杨之光</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%A8%E8%AE%B7%E7%BB%B4" title="杨讷维">杨讷维</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E5%85%89" title="苏光">苏 光</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%B4%E5%87%A1_(1923%E5%B9%B4)" title="吴凡 (1923年)">吴 凡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%B4%E5%8A%B3" title="吴劳">吴 劳</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%B4%E4%BD%9C%E4%BA%BA" title="吴作人">吴作人</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%B3%E5%86%A0%E4%B8%AD" title="吳冠中">吴冠中</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%99%E6%9C%AC_(%E7%94%BB%E5%AE%B6)" title="余本 (画家)">余 本</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E6%96%87%E6%B2%BB" title="宋文治">宋文治</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E5%90%9F%E5%8F%AF" title="宋吟可">宋吟可</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E5%BD%A6%E5%9C%A3" title="宋彦圣">宋彦圣</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%88%E6%89%B6" title="沈扶">沈 扶</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%88%E6%9F%94%E5%9D%9A" title="沈柔坚">沈柔坚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%88%E7%A6%8F%E6%96%87" title="沈福文">沈福文</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A0%E4%BB%83" title="张仃">张 仃</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A0%E6%9C%9B_(%E7%89%88%E7%94%BB%E5%AE%B6)" title="张望 (版画家)">张 望</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A0%E8%B0%94_(1910%E5%B9%B4)" title="张谔 (1910年)">张 谔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A0%E6%96%87%E5%85%83" title="张文元">张文元</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%B5%E6%A8%82%E5%B9%B3" title="張樂平">张乐平</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A0%E6%9D%BE%E9%B9%A4" title="张松鹤">张松鹤</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%A0%E6%B3%95%E6%A0%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="张法根(页面不存在)">张法根</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A0%E6%98%A0%E9%9B%AA" title="张映雪">张映雪</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A0%E5%BE%B7%E8%82%B2" title="张德育">张德育</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%B3%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3" title="阳太阳">阳太阳</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E9%9F%AC" title="英韬">英 韬</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%97%E5%A2%89" title="林墉">林 墉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%97%E9%A3%8E%E7%9C%A0" title="林风眠">林风眠</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E5%B7%A5%E6%9F%B3" title="羅工柳">罗工柳</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E4%BB%A4%E9%92%8A" title="周令钊">周令钊</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E6%98%8C%E8%B0%B7" title="周昌谷">周昌谷</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E6%80%9D%E8%81%AA" title="周思聪">周思聪</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E9%9F%B6%E5%8D%8E" title="周韶华">周韶华</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E7%BB%B4%E8%AF%BA" title="金维诺">金维诺</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%9E%E8%96%B0%E7%90%B9" title="庞薰琹">庞薰琹</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%98%E5%B8%83" title="官布">官 布</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E4%B8%8D%E9%83%BD%C2%B7%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E6%9C%A8" title="阿不都·克里木">阿不都·克里木</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%86%E4%BF%A8%E5%B0%91" title="陆俨少">陆俨少</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%88%E5%9B%A0_(%E4%B9%A6%E7%94%BB%E5%AE%B6)" title="陈因 (书画家)">陈 因</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%88%E6%B2%9B_(1910%E5%B9%B4)" title="陈沛 (1910年)">陈 沛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%88%E5%A4%A9%E7%84%B6_(1926%E5%B9%B4)" title="陈天然 (1926年)">陈天然</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%88%E7%99%BD%E4%B8%80" title="陈白一">陈白一</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%88%E4%BC%AF%E5%B8%8C" title="陈伯希">陈伯希</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%88%E5%8F%94%E4%BA%AE_(1901%E5%B9%B4)" title="陈叔亮 (1901年)">陈叔亮</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%88%E7%A7%8B%E8%8D%89" title="陈秋草">陈秋草</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%82%B5%E5%AE%87" title="邵宇">邵 宇</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%B5%E5%AE%97%E8%97%BB" title="赵宗藻">赵宗藻</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%B5%E5%BB%B6%E5%B9%B4_(1924%E5%B9%B4)" title="赵延年 (1924年)">赵延年</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E4%B8%80%E5%B7%9D" title="胡一川">胡一川</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E7%8C%AE%E9%9B%85" title="胡献雅">胡献雅</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%83%81%E9%A3%8E" title="郁风">郁 风</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E5%AD%9C%C2%B7%E8%89%BE%E4%B9%B0%E6%8F%90" title="哈孜·艾买提">哈孜·艾买提</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BE%AF%E4%B8%80%E6%B0%91" title="侯一民">侯一民</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%BA%E5%8F%8B%E7%9B%B4" title="贺友直">贺友直</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%A6%E6%B6%B5" title="彦涵">彦 涵</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%BD%E5%B1%95" class="mw-disambig" title="施展">施 展</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%83%91%E5%8F%AF_(%E9%9B%95%E5%A1%91%E5%AE%B6)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="郑可 (雕塑家)(页面不存在)">郑 可</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%82%E5%85%8B" title="涂克">涂 克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E5%BE%81" title="秦征">秦 征</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%A6%E5%AE%A3%E5%A4%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="秦宣天(页面不存在)">秦宣天</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A2%81%E6%99%93%E5%B2%91" title="袁晓岑">袁晓岑</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8F%E6%B9%98%E5%B9%B3" title="夏湘平">夏湘平</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%AB%E6%9C%B4" title="莫朴">莫 朴</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%BE%E7%82%B3%E9%91%AB" title="顾炳鑫">顾炳鑫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%81%E6%A5%A3" title="晁楣">晁 楣</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E4%BC%9F" title="特伟">特 伟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%B1%E6%9D%BE%E5%B5%92" title="钱松嵒">钱松嵒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E8%99%B9" title="高虹">高 虹</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%94%90%E4%BA%91_(%E7%94%BB%E5%AE%B6)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="唐云 (画家)(页面不存在)">唐 云</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90%E5%A4%A7%E7%A6%A7" title="唐大禧">唐大禧</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%AF%B8%E6%9C%89%E9%9F%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="诸有韬(页面不存在)">诸有韬</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E8%8C%85_(%E7%BE%8E%E6%9C%AF%E5%8F%B2%E8%AE%BA%E5%AE%B6)" title="黄茅 (美术史论家)">黄 茅</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E8%83%84" title="黄胄">黄 胄</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BB%84%E4%B8%95%E6%98%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="黄丕显(页面不存在)">黄丕显</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%83%E6%B0%B8%E7%8E%89" title="黃永玉">黃永玉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E8%8B%97%E5%AD%90" title="黄苗子">黄苗子</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E6%96%B0%E6%B3%A2" title="黄新波">黄新波</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%B8%E4%B9%A6%E9%B8%BF" title="常书鸿">常书鸿</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%B8%E6%B2%99%E5%A8%9C" title="常沙娜">常沙娜</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%B7%E5%BA%84" class="mw-disambig" title="康庄">康 庄</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E7%BE%8E%E6%9E%97" title="韓美林">韓美林</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%94%A3%E5%85%86%E5%92%8C" title="蔣兆和">蒋兆和</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A3%E8%BE%B0%E7%94%9F" title="董辰生">董辰生</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%90%A8%E7%A9%BA%E4%BA%86" title="萨空了">萨空了</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%96%E5%B0%91%E5%85%B6" title="赖少其">赖少其</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%82%85%E5%A4%A9%E4%BB%87" title="傅天仇">傅天仇</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BE%E6%9D%8F%E7%BB%AF" title="曾杏绯">曾杏绯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%A2%E6%8A%95%E5%85%AB" title="谢投八">谢投八</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%A2%E6%B5%B7%E7%87%95" title="谢海燕">谢海燕</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%A2%E7%91%9E%E9%98%B6" title="谢瑞阶">谢瑞阶</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9D%E7%A8%9A%E6%9F%B3" title="謝稚柳">谢稚柳</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%BA%E5%B7%B4" title="强巴">强 巴</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B7%E5%9C%AD%E5%85%83" title="雷圭元">雷圭元</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%B9%E5%BB%BA%E4%BF%8A" title="詹建俊">詹建俊</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BB%91%E7%94%B0%E5%8F%8B" title="滑田友">滑田友</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%94%A1%E8%8B%A5%E8%99%B9" title="蔡若虹">蔡若虹</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%94%A1%E6%8C%AF%E5%8D%8E_(%E7%BE%8E%E6%9C%AF%E5%AE%B6)" title="蔡振华 (美术家)">蔡振华</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%96%E5%86%B0%E5%85%84" title="廖冰兄">廖冰兄</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%8E%E5%86%B0%E9%B8%BF" title="黎冰鸿">黎冰鸿</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%8E%E9%9B%84%E6%89%8D" title="黎雄才">黎雄才</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%8F%E6%96%87%E6%A8%91" title="顏文樑">颜文樑</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BD%98%E9%B9%A4" title="潘鹤">潘 鹤</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BD%98%E7%B5%9C%E5%85%B9" title="潘絜兹">潘絜兹</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%8F%E7%B4%AB%E7%86%99" title="魏紫熙">魏紫熙</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">注1:1983年2月三届三次常务理事会推选任代主席</span> </li> </ol></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="-&#123;zh-cn:规范控制;zh-tw:權威控制;&#125;--&#123;zh-cn:数据库;zh-tw:資料庫&#125;-_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=編輯維基數據鏈接&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1822576#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;編輯維基數據鏈接" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="-&#123;zh-cn:规范控制;zh-tw:權威控制;&#125;--&#123;zh-cn:数据库;zh-tw:資料庫&#125;-_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=編輯維基數據鏈接&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1822576#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;編輯維基數據鏈接" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/Help:%E8%A7%84%E8%8C%83%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6" title="Help:规范控制">规范控制数据库</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1822576#identifiers" title="編輯維基數據鏈接"><img alt="編輯維基數據鏈接" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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style="width:1%">各地</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1014840570">德国</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n83024374">美国</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p148318258">荷兰</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810665450505606">波兰</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">艺术家</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500125625">艺术家联合名录</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">人物</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.library.sh.cn/entity/person/2fv71cbpdvxhnfad.html">SHL</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hkcan.julac.org/authorities/names/9811104574503406">HKCAN</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/164692681">IdRef</a></span></li></ul> 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