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You could also send an email to the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Stewards" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/Stewards">stewards</a> <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/VRT" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/VRT">VRT</a> queue at <kbd>stewards@wikimedia.org</kbd> including all above details. </p> </div> <p>Other useful links: <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_blocks" class="extiw" title="m:Global blocks">Global blocks</a> · <a href="/wiki/Help:I_have_been_blocked" title="Help:I have been blocked">Help:I have been blocked</a> </p> </div></li></ul><hr /> <div id="viewsourcetext">You can view and copy the source of this page:</div><textarea readonly="" accesskey="," id="wpTextbox1" cols="80" rows="25" style="" class="mw-editfont-monospace" lang="en" dir="ltr" name="wpTextbox1">==Early stage career== Following ''Hannele'', Lawrence reconnected with her father, who was living with a chorus girl. They agreed to let her tour with them in two successive [[revue]]s, after which Arthur announced he had signed a year-long contract with a variety show in South Africa, leaving the two young women to fend for themselves. Lawrence, now aged sixteen, opted to live at the Theatrical Girls' Club in [[Soho]] rather than return to her mother and stepfather. She worked steadily with various touring companies until 1916, when she was hired by [[impresario]] [[André Charlot]] to understudy [[Beatrice Lillie]] and appear in the chorus of his latest production in London's West End.<ref>Morley, pp. 16–21</ref> When it closed, she assumed Lillie's role on tour, then returned to London once again to understudy the star in another Charlot production, where she met dance director Francis Gordon-Howley. Although he was twenty years her senior, the two wed and soon after had a daughter Pamela, born on 28 May 1918,<ref name="suffolkpainters.co.uk">{{Cite web|url=https://suffolkartists.co.uk/index.cgi?choice=painter&pid=1747|title=Suffolk Artists - CLATWORTHY, Pamela Barbara May|website=Suffolkartists.co.uk}}</ref> who was Lawrence's only child. The marriage was not a success, and Lawrence took Pamela with her to her mother's home in [[Clapham]]. The couple remained separated but did not divorce until ten years later.<ref>Morley, pp. 24–29, 61</ref> In 1918, either during Lawrence's pregnancy or shortly after she gave birth,<ref name="suffolkpainters.co.uk"/> she contracted [[lumbago]]. Charlot gave her two weeks to recuperate. He saw Lawrence at an opening night party at Ivor Novello's invitation two days before she was cleared to return to work by her doctor. Charlot immediately fired her. When the apparent reason for her dismissal became common knowledge among other West End theatrical producers, she was allegedly unable to find work, according to some sources. (The veracity of this information is put in doubt by a theater program for the opening performance of Charlot's revue ''Buzz Buzz'' on 20 December 1918, which clearly shows that Lawrence was in the cast at that time,<ref>Theatre programme for the opening performance of the Charlot revue ''Buzz Buzz'' 20 December 1918. (On opening night the title of the revue was given as "-------- --------".)</ref> and there is no evidence that she could have left the cast during its 613-performance run that ended on 13 March 1920.)<ref>{{Cite book |last=Wearing |first=J P |title=The London Stage 1910-1919; A Calendar of Plays and Players; Volume II : 1917-1919 |publisher=Scarecrow Press |year=1982 |location=Metuchen & London |pages=835 |language=English}}</ref> In early 1919, Lawrence accepted a job singing at Murray's, a popular London nightclub, where she remained for the better part of the next two years. While performing there she met Captain Philip Astley, a member of the [[Household Cavalry]]. He became her friend, escort, and ultimately lover, and taught her how to dress and behave in high society. At the end of 1920, Lawrence left Murray's and began to ease her way back into the legitimate theater while touring in a music hall act as the partner of popular singer Walter Williams. In October 1921, Charlot asked her to replace an ailing Beatrice Lillie as star of his latest production, ''A to Z'', opposite [[Jack Buchanan]]. In it the two introduced the song "[[Limehouse Blues (song)|Limehouse Blues]]," which went on to become one of Lawrence's signature tunes.<ref>Morley, pp. 35–37</ref> [[File:Coward-Lawrence-London-Calling.jpg|thumb|upright=1.5|With Noël Coward in ''London Calling!''|alt=young man and young woman in evening costume, seated; he is looking intently at her; she is looking away coyly]] In 1923, [[Noël Coward]] developed his first musical revue, ''[[London Calling!]]'', specifically for Lawrence. Charlot agreed to produce it, but brought in more experienced writers and composers to work on the book and score. One of Coward's surviving songs was "Parisian Pierrot", a tune that would be identified closely with Lawrence throughout her career. The show's success led its producer to create ''André Charlot's London Revue of 1924'', which he took to Broadway with Lawrence, Lillie, Jack Buchanan and [[Constance Carpenter]]. It was so successful it moved to a larger Broadway theater to accommodate the demand for tickets, extending its run. After it closed, the show toured the United States and Canada, although Lawrence was forced to leave the cast when she contracted [[Pneumonia|double pneumonia]] and [[pleurisy]] and was forced to spend fourteen weeks in a [[Toronto]] hospital recuperating.<ref>Morley, pp. 44–54</ref> ''Charlot's Revue of 1926'', starring Lawrence, Lillie, and Jack Buchanan, opened on Broadway in late 1925. In his review, [[Alexander Woollcott]] singled out Lawrence, calling her "the personification of style and sophistication" and "the ideal star."<ref>Morley, pp. 57–58</ref> Like its predecessor, it toured following the Broadway run. It proved to be Lawrence's last project with Charlot. In November 1926, she became the first British performer to star in an American musical on Broadway when she opened in ''[[Oh, Kay!]]'', with music by [[George Gershwin]], lyrics by [[Ira Gershwin]], and a book by [[Guy Bolton]] and [[P.G. Wodehouse]]. Following a run of 256 performances, the musical opened in London’s West End, where it ran for 213 performances.<ref>Morley, pp. 61–9</ref> [[File:Private-Lives-1931-3.jpg|thumb|Gertrude Lawrence and Noël Coward in ''Private Lives'']] When Lawrence became romantically involved with [[Financial District, Manhattan|Wall Street]] banker Bert Taylor in 1927, Philip Astley proposed marriage, an offer Lawrence refused because she knew Astley would expect her to leave the stage and settle in rural England.<ref>Morley, pp. 63–64</ref> The two remained close until he married actress [[Madeleine Carroll]] in 1931.<ref>Morley, pp. 32–4</ref> When Lawrence divorced Francis Gordon-Howley, she and Taylor became engaged and remained so for two years, with each free to enjoy a social life separate from the other.<ref>Morley, pp. 68–9</ref> [[File:Private-Lives-1931-2.jpg|right|thumb|Lawrence and [[Noël Coward]] in the Broadway production of ''Private Lives'' (1931)]] In 1928, Lawrence returned to Broadway opposite [[Clifton Webb]] in ''[[Treasure Girl]]'',<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ibdb.com/production.asp?ID=10769|title=Treasure Girl – Broadway Musical – Original|website=IBDb.com|access-date=8 October 2019}}</ref> a Gershwin work she was confident would be a huge hit. Anticipating a long run, she arrived in New York with her daughter Pamela, a personal maid and two cars, and settled into a flat on [[Park Avenue]]. Her instincts about the musical were wrong; audiences had difficulty accepting her as an avaricious woman who double-crosses her lover, and it ran for only 68 performances.<ref>Morley, pp. 70–1</ref> She starred opposite [[Leslie Howard]] in ''Candle Light'', an Austrian play adapted by Wodehouse, in 1929,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ibdb.com/production.php?id=10938|title=Candle Light – Broadway Play – Original |website=IBDb.com|access-date=8 October 2019}}</ref> and in 1930-31 she and Noël Coward triumphed in his play ''[[Private Lives]]'', first in the UK, and later on Broadway. In 1930, [[Johnny Green]] composed his most famous song "[[Body and Soul (1930 song)|Body and Soul]]" especially for Gertrude Lawrence. While working in Manhattan, Lawrence started studying with vocal coach [[Estelle Liebling]] to prepare for her performances on the Broadway stage.<ref name="The New York Times">{{cite news|date=26 September 1970|title=Estelle Liebling Dies Here at 90; Was a Leading Operatic Coach|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1970/09/26/archives/estelle-liebling-dies-here-at-90-was-a-leading-operatic-coach.html}}</ref> Lawrence continued to study with Liebling for many years.<ref name="The New York Times"/> </textarea><div class="templatesUsed"></div><p id="mw-returnto">Return to <a href="/wiki/Gertrude_Lawrence" title="Gertrude Lawrence">Gertrude Lawrence</a>.</p> <noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gertrude_Lawrence">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gertrude_Lawrence</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks catlinks-allhidden" data-mw="interface"></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gertrude_Lawrence&action=edit&section=2&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-qg7t2","wgBackendResponseTime":284,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.074","walltime":"0.096","ppvisitednodes":{"value":418,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":17740,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":6556,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":9,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":469,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 66.931 1 -total"," 99.86% 66.836 2 Template:Blocked_text"," 42.53% 28.468 1 Template:Colocationwebhost"," 39.56% 26.476 2 Template:Replace"," 39.35% 26.335 1 Template:Hidden"," 17.08% 11.432 1 Template:Tlx"," 15.97% 10.689 1 Template:Hidden_begin"," 2.72% 1.821 1 Template:Hidden_end"," 2.40% 1.609 1 MediaWiki:Wikimedia-globalblocking-blockedtext-mistake"," 2.16% 1.446 1 MediaWiki:Wikimedia-globalblocking-blockedtext-mistake-email-steward"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.014","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":1043307,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-qg7t2","timestamp":"20241124190654","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> </body> </html>