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Verità processuale: differenze tra le versioni - Wikipedia

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class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Indice</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inizio</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Descrizione" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Descrizione"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Descrizione</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Descrizione-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nel_mondo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nel_mondo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Nel mondo</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Nel_mondo-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Attiva/disattiva la sottosezione Nel mondo</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Nel_mondo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Italia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Italia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Italia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Italia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Note</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voci_correlate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voci_correlate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Voci correlate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voci_correlate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Altri_ptogetti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Altri_ptogetti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Altri ptogetti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Altri_ptogetti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Collegamenti_esterni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Collegamenti esterni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indice" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostra/Nascondi l&#039;indice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostra/Nascondi l&#039;indice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Verità processuale: differenze tra le versioni</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Questa voce esiste solo in questa lingua. 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href="/w/index.php?title=Verit%C3%A0_processuale&amp;oldid=141010536&amp;veaction=edit" title="Modifica questa pagina [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifica</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Verit%C3%A0_processuale&amp;action=edit&amp;oldid=141010536" title="Modifica il wikitesto di questa pagina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica wikitesto</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Verit%C3%A0_processuale&amp;action=history" title="Versioni precedenti di questa pagina [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Cronologia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Strumenti pagine"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Strumenti" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Strumenti</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Strumenti</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button 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data-mw-revid="128191812"><bdi>93.38.176.151</bdi></a> <span class="mw-usertoollinks">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Discussioni_utente:93.38.176.151&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new mw-usertoollinks-talk" title="Discussioni utente:93.38.176.151 (la pagina non esiste)">discussione</a>)</span><div class="mw-diff-usermetadata"></div></div><div id="mw-diff-otitle3"> <span class="comment comment--without-parentheses">Vedasi la nota dell’utente precedente e la pagina prescrizione.</span></div><div id="mw-diff-otitle5"><span class="mw-tag-markers"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:Etichette" title="Speciale:Etichette">Etichette</a>: <span class="mw-tag-marker mw-tag-marker-mobile_edit">Modifica da mobile</span> <span class="mw-tag-marker mw-tag-marker-mobile_web_edit">Modifica da web per mobile</span></span></div><div id="mw-diff-otitle4"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Verit%C3%A0_processuale&amp;diff=prev&amp;oldid=128191812" title="Verità processuale" id="differences-prevlink">← Differenza precedente</a></div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-ntitle diff-side-added"><div id="mw-diff-ntitle1"><strong><a href="/w/index.php?title=Verit%C3%A0_processuale&amp;oldid=141010536" title="Verità processuale">Versione delle 13:58, 7 set 2024</a> <span class="mw-diff-edit"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Verit%C3%A0_processuale&amp;action=edit&amp;oldid=141010536" title="Verità processuale">modifica</a></span><span class="mw-diff-timestamp" data-timestamp="2024-09-07T12:58:16Z"></span> <span class="mw-diff-undo"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Verit%C3%A0_processuale&amp;action=edit&amp;undoafter=128191812&amp;undo=141010536" title="&quot;Annulla&quot; permette di annullare questa modifica e apre il modulo di modifica in modalità di anteprima. Permette di inserire una motivazione nell&#039;oggetto della modifica.">annulla</a></span></strong></div><div id="mw-diff-ntitle2"><a href="/wiki/Utente:Ulisse" class="mw-userlink" title="Utente:Ulisse" data-mw-revid="141010536"><bdi>Ulisse</bdi></a> <span class="mw-usertoollinks">(<a href="/wiki/Discussioni_utente:Ulisse" class="mw-usertoollinks-talk" title="Discussioni utente:Ulisse">discussione</a> | <a href="/wiki/Speciale:Contributi/Ulisse" class="mw-usertoollinks-contribs" title="Speciale:Contributi/Ulisse">contributi</a>)</span><div class="mw-diff-usermetadata"><div class="mw-diff-userroles"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Autoverificati" title="Wikipedia:Autoverificati">Utenti autoverificati</a></div><div class="mw-diff-usereditcount"><span>7&#160;861</span> modifiche</div></div></div><div id="mw-diff-ntitle3"><span class="comment mw-comment-none">Nessun oggetto della modifica</span></div><div id="mw-diff-ntitle5"></div><div id="mw-diff-ntitle4"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Verit%C3%A0_processuale&amp;diff=next&amp;oldid=141010536" title="Verità processuale" id="differences-nextlink">Differenza successiva →</a></div></td> </tr><tr> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Riga 22:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Riga 22:</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>* [[Giudizio (diritto)]]</div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>* [[Giudizio (diritto)]]</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>* [[Processo (diritto)]]</div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>* [[Processo (diritto)]]</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-deleted"></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-deleted"></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>== Altri ptogetti ==</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-deleted"></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>{{Interprogetto|etichetta=verdetto|wikt=verdetto}}</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><br /></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>== Collegamenti esterni ==</div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>== Collegamenti esterni ==</div></td> </tr> </table><hr class='diff-hr' id='mw-oldid' /> <h2 class='diff-currentversion-title'>Versione delle 13:58, 7 set 2024</h2> <div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="it" dir="ltr"><p>La <b>verità processuale</b> o <b>verdetto</b> giuridico è l'insieme dei <a href="/wiki/Giudizio_(diritto)" title="Giudizio (diritto)">giudizi</a> formulati seguendo le regole del <a href="/wiki/Diritto_processuale" class="mw-redirect" title="Diritto processuale">diritto processuale</a>, e resa pubblica attraverso la <a href="/wiki/Sentenza" title="Sentenza">sentenza</a>. Non necessariamente corrisponde alla <a href="/wiki/Verit%C3%A0" title="Verità">verità</a> in senso assoluto, ma a quello che può essere accertato <i>«al di là di ogni ragionevole dubbio»</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Descrizione">Descrizione</h2></div> <p>Il rispetto delle regole è finalizzato al rispetto dei <a href="/wiki/Diritto" title="Diritto">diritti</a>: se le regole vengono violate, il risultato non potrà concorrere a formare la verità processuale. </p><p>La mai certa corrispondenza tra verità processuale e realtà è uno degli argomenti contro la <a href="/wiki/Pena_di_morte" title="Pena di morte">pena di morte</a> (oltre a quelli dell'<a href="/wiki/Espiazione" title="Espiazione">espiazione</a> e dello scopo riabilitativo della <a href="/wiki/Detenzione" title="Detenzione">detenzione</a>): l'esito del processo (verità processuale, per l'appunto) può essere infatti influenzato da numerosi fattori che divergono dall'effettivo svolgimento dei fatti, e una tal pena risulterebbe perciò spropositata e irreversibile. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nel_mondo">Nel mondo</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Italia">Italia</h3></div> <p>Nel <a href="/wiki/Processo_penale" title="Processo penale">processo penale</a>, le <a href="/wiki/Nullit%C3%A0_(ordinamento_penale_italiano)" title="Nullità (ordinamento penale italiano)">nullità</a> in alcuni casi possono essere rilevate entro termini molto stretti e solo su impulso di parte, mentre altre sono rilevabili anche al <a href="/wiki/Giudice" title="Giudice">giudice</a> e senza limiti temporali. Per esempio, il <a href="/wiki/Codice_di_procedura_penale" title="Codice di procedura penale">codice di procedura penale</a>, all'articolo 188<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> ("libertà morale della persona nell'assunzione della prova") stabilisce che non è ammessa la <a href="/wiki/Tortura" title="Tortura">tortura</a> dell'interrogato. Se tale regola viene violata, anche se l'interrogato <a href="/wiki/Confessione_(diritto)" title="Confessione (diritto)">confessa</a> un <a href="/wiki/Crimine" title="Crimine">crimine</a>, la confessione non è utilizzabile e dunque non può concorrere a formare la base della verità processuale (pure nel caso in cui il fatto confessato fosse realmente accaduto nei termini e modi descritti). Infatti, "<i>la <a href="/wiki/Prova_(diritto)" title="Prova (diritto)">prova</a>, per risultare idonea all'accertamento dei fatti, non può prescindere da forme volte a garantire genuinità e affidabilità sicura</i>".<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In più casi la <a href="/wiki/Sentenza" title="Sentenza">sentenza</a> stabilisce una verità processuale che può essere diversa da quanto in realtà accaduto. </p><p>Il concetto di ragionevole dubbio, sebbene già presente a livello giurisprudenziale e implicito, fu introdotto a livello scritto nell'ordinamento italiano dalla cosiddetta <a href="/wiki/Legge_Pecorella" title="Legge Pecorella">legge Pecorella</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.archiviopenale.it/File/Download?codice=236c7d8d-4c17-4338-8c8b-3b2ec5080b63"><i>La "verità processuale". Ragionevole dubbio</i>, Osservatorio penale della Corte di Cassazione</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">Codice di procedura penale, <a href="https://it.wikisource.org/wiki/Codice_di_Procedura_Penale/III" class="extiw" title="s:Codice di Procedura Penale/III">Art. 188</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">Cassazione penale, sez. VI, 1º marzo 1993</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voci_correlate">Voci correlate</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diritto_processuale" class="mw-redirect" title="Diritto processuale">Diritto processuale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garantismo" title="Garantismo">Garantismo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giudizio_(diritto)" title="Giudizio (diritto)">Giudizio (diritto)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Processo_(diritto)" title="Processo (diritto)">Processo (diritto)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Altri_ptogetti">Altri ptogetti</h2></div> <div id="interProject" class="toccolours" style="display: none; clear: both; margin-top: 2em"><p id="sisterProjects" style="background-color: #efefef; color: black; font-weight: bold; margin: 0"><span>Altri progetti</span></p><ul title="Collegamenti verso gli altri progetti Wikimedia"> <li class="" title=""><a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/verdetto" class="extiw" title="wikt:verdetto">Wikizionario</a></li></ul></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/" title="Collabora a Wikizionario"><img alt="Collabora a Wikizionario" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/18px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/27px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/36px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="350" /></a></span> <a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="wikt:">Wikizionario</a> contiene il lemma di dizionario «<b><a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/verdetto" class="extiw" title="wikt:verdetto">verdetto</a></b>»</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collegamenti_esterni">Collegamenti esterni</h2></div> <ul><li>Vincenzo Garofoli, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.treccani.it/Portale/sito/diritto/approfondimenti/1_Garofoli_concetto_verita.html"><i>Il concetto di verità tra diritto e processo</i></a>, PEM-<i>Piazza Elettronica Magazine</i>, 3 dicembre 2009, <a href="/wiki/Istituto_dell%27Enciclopedia_italiana_Treccani" class="mw-redirect" title="Istituto dell&#39;Enciclopedia italiana Treccani">Istituto dell'Enciclopedia italiana Treccani</a> (in origine, relazione al convegno dal "Ragione, verità e giustizia", Bari, 2 ottobre 2009).</li> <li>Esempio di discrasia tra verità processuale e realtà: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.canestrinilex.it/articoli/riconoscimento.html">Il riconoscimento informale: prova tipica o prova irrituale?</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101117061518/http://www.canestrinilex.it/articoli/riconoscimento.html">Archiviato</a> il 17 novembre 2010 in <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a>.</li></ul> <div class="noprint" style="width:100%; padding: 3px 0; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; row-gap: 4px; column-gap: 8px; box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="flex-basis: calc( 100% / 2 - 8px / 2 );"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140555418">.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{width:100%;line-height:25px;border:1px solid #CCF;background-color:#F0EEFF;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#FAFAFA}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{background-color:#202122;border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#282929}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{background-color:#202122;border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#282929}}</style><div class="itwiki-template-occhiello"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Open_book_01.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Diritto"><img alt="&#160;" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Open_book_01.svg/25px-Open_book_01.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Open_book_01.svg/38px-Open_book_01.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Open_book_01.svg/50px-Open_book_01.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="360" /></a></span>&#32;<b><a href="/wiki/Portale:Diritto" title="Portale:Diritto">Portale Diritto</a></b></div></div><div style="flex-basis: calc( 100% / 2 - 8px / 2 );"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r140555418"><div class="itwiki-template-occhiello"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Owl_of_Minerva.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Filosofia"><img alt="&#160;" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Owl_of_Minerva.png/21px-Owl_of_Minerva.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Owl_of_Minerva.png/32px-Owl_of_Minerva.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Owl_of_Minerva.png/42px-Owl_of_Minerva.png 2x" data-file-width="118" data-file-height="140" /></a></span>&#32;<b><a href="/wiki/Portale:Filosofia" title="Portale:Filosofia">Portale Filosofia</a></b></div></div></div></div><!--esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> --><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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