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Disponível em 32 línguas" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-32" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">32 línguas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%83%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="آكلات الحتات — árabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="آكلات الحتات" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="árabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detrit%C3%ADvor" title="Detritívor — catalão" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Detritívor" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%88%DB%95%D8%AE%DB%86%D8%B1" title="پاشماوەخۆر — curdo central" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="پاشماوەخۆر" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="curdo central" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nedbrydere" title="Nedbrydere — dinamarquês" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Nedbrydere" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dinamarquês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detritivore" title="Detritivore — inglês" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Detritivore" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruboman%C4%9Danto" title="Rubomanĝanto — esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Rubomanĝanto" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detrit%C3%ADvoro" title="Detritívoro — espanhol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Detritívoro" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanhol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detritofaag" title="Detritofaag — estónio" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Detritofaag" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estónio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detritiboro" title="Detritiboro — basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Detritiboro" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="پوده‌خوار — persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پوده‌خوار" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A9tritivore" title="Détritivore — francês" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Détritivore" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%9C%D7%99_%D7%A8%D7%A7%D7%91%D7%95%D7%91%D7%99%D7%AA" title="אוכלי רקבובית — hebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אוכלי רקבובית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80" title="अपरदाहारी — hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="अपरदाहारी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detritivor" title="Detritivor — croata" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Detritivor" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detritivor" title="Detritivor — indonésio" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Detritivor" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grot%C3%A6ta" title="Grotæta — islandês" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Grotæta" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detritivori" title="Detritivori — italiano" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Detritivori" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A4%E1%83%90%E1%83%92%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="დეტრიტოფაგია — georgiano" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="დეტრიტოფაგია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detritivor" title="Detritivor — malaio" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Detritivor" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detritivoru" title="Detritivoru — maltês" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Detritivoru" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="maltês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detrivoor" title="Detrivoor — neerlandês" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Detrivoor" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detrivori" title="Detrivori — norueguês nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Detrivori" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norueguês nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detrivori" title="Detrivori — norueguês bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Detrivori" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norueguês bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detrytuso%C5%BCerca" title="Detrytusożerca — polaco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Detrytusożerca" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B8" title="Детритофаги — russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Детритофаги" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detritivor" title="Detritivor — servo-croata" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Detritivor" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="servo-croata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detritivore" title="Detritivore — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Detritivore" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%8C" title="ผู้บริโภคซากพืชซากสัตว์ — tailandês" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ผู้บริโภคซากพืชซากสัตว์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tailandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B8" title="Детритофаги — ucraniano" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Детритофаги" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraniano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%82n_m%C3%B9n_b%C3%A3" title="Ăn mùn bã — vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ăn mùn bã" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E7%A2%8E%E5%B1%91%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9" title="食碎屑动物 — chinês" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="食碎屑动物" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E7%A2%8E%E5%B1%91%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9" title="食碎屑生物 — cantonês" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="食碎屑生物" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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lang="pt" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Mycena_interrupta.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Mycena_interrupta.jpg/220px-Mycena_interrupta.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Mycena_interrupta.jpg/330px-Mycena_interrupta.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Mycena_interrupta.jpg/440px-Mycena_interrupta.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2090" data-file-height="1416" /></a><figcaption>Os fungos são os principais decompositores na maioria dos ambientes, ilustrados aqui <i><a href="/wiki/Mycena_interrupta" title="Mycena interrupta">Mycena interrupta</a></i>. Somente os fungos produzem as enzimas necessárias para decompor a lignina , uma substância quimicamente complexa encontrada na madeira.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Decaying_tree_trunk..jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Decaying_tree_trunk..jpg/220px-Decaying_tree_trunk..jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Decaying_tree_trunk..jpg/330px-Decaying_tree_trunk..jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Decaying_tree_trunk..jpg/440px-Decaying_tree_trunk..jpg 2x" data-file-width="780" data-file-height="780" /></a><figcaption>Um tronco de árvore em decomposição na <a href="/wiki/Floresta_Boreal" class="mw-redirect" title="Floresta Boreal">floresta boreal</a> do Canadá. A madeira em decomposição preenche um importante nicho ecológico, fornecendo habitat e abrigo e devolvendo importantes nutrientes ao solo após sofrer decomposição.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Detritívoros</b> (também conhecidos como <b>detritívoros</b>, <b>detritófagos</b> ou <b>comedores</b> de detritos) são <a href="/wiki/Heter%C3%B3trofos" class="mw-redirect" title="Heterótrofos">heterótrofos</a> que obtêm nutrientes consumindo detritos (partes de <a href="/wiki/Plantae" title="Plantae">plantas</a> e <a href="/wiki/Animalia" title="Animalia">animais</a> em <a href="/wiki/Decomposi%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Decomposição">decomposição</a>, bem como fezes). Existem muitos tipos de <a href="/wiki/Invertebrados" title="Invertebrados">invertebrados</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vertebrados" title="Vertebrados">vertebrados</a> e plantas que realizam <a href="/wiki/Coprofagia" title="Coprofagia">coprofagia</a>. Ao fazer isso, todos esses detritívoros contribuem para a decomposição e os ciclos de nutrientes. Devem ser diferenciados de outros <a href="/wiki/Decompositores" class="mw-redirect" title="Decompositores">decompositores</a>, como muitas espécies de <a href="/wiki/Bact%C3%A9ria" title="Bactéria">bactérias</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fungi" title="Fungi">fungos</a> e <a href="/wiki/Protista" title="Protista">protistas</a>, que são incapazes de ingerir pedaços discretos de matéria, mas vivem absorvendo e metabolizando em escala molecular (nutrição <a href="/wiki/Saprotr%C3%B3fica" class="mw-redirect" title="Saprotrófica">saprotrófica</a>). Os termos <i>detritívoro</i> e <i>decompositor</i> são frequentemente usados de forma intercambiável, mas descrevem organismos diferentes. Os detritívoros são geralmente <a href="/wiki/Artr%C3%B3pode" title="Artrópode">artrópodes</a> e auxiliam no processo de remineralização. Os detritívoros realizam a primeira etapa da remineralização, fragmentando a matéria vegetal morta, permitindo que os decompositores realizem a segunda etapa da remineralização.<sup id="cite_ref-Keddy_2017_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Keddy_2017-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Os tecidos vegetais são constituídos por moléculas resilientes (<a href="/wiki/Celulose" title="Celulose">celulose</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quitina" title="Quitina">quitina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lignina" title="Lignina">lignina</a> e xilana) que se decompõem a uma taxa muito menor do que outras moléculas orgânicas. A atividade dos detritívoros é a razão pela qual não vemos um acúmulo de serapilheira na natureza.<sup id="cite_ref-Keddy_2017_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Keddy_2017-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Sagi_2019_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sagi_2019-3"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Os detritívoros são um aspecto importante de muitos <a href="/wiki/Ecossistema" title="Ecossistema">ecossistemas</a>. Eles podem viver em qualquer tipo de solo com um componente orgânico, incluindo ecossistemas marinhos, onde são denominados de forma intercambiável com alimentadores de fundo. </p><p>Animais detritívoros típicos incluem <a href="/wiki/Mil%C3%ADpede" class="mw-redirect" title="Milípede">milípedes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Col%C3%AAmbolo" class="mw-redirect" title="Colêmbolo">colêmbolos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Piolho" title="Piolho">piolhos</a>, moscas de esterco, <a href="/wiki/Lesma" title="Lesma">lesmas</a>, muitos <a href="/wiki/Verme" title="Verme">vermes</a> terrestres, <a href="/wiki/Estrela-do-mar" title="Estrela-do-mar">estrelas do mar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pepino-do-mar" title="Pepino-do-mar">pepinos do mar</a> e alguns <a href="/wiki/Poliquetas" class="mw-redirect" title="Poliquetas">poliquetas</a> sedentários, como vermes da família Terebellidae. </p><p>Os detritívoros podem ser classificados em grupos mais específicos com base em seu tamanho e <a href="/wiki/Bioma" title="Bioma">biomas</a>. Macrodetritívoros são organismos maiores, como milípedes, colêmbolos e piolhos, enquanto microdetritívoros são organismos menores, como <a href="/wiki/Bact%C3%A9ria" title="Bactéria">bactérias</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span>[</span>5<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Os <a href="/wiki/Necr%C3%B3fago" title="Necrófago">necrófagos</a> não são normalmente considerados detritívoros, pois geralmente comem grandes quantidades de <a href="/wiki/Mat%C3%A9ria_org%C3%A2nica" title="Matéria orgânica">matéria orgânica</a>, mas tanto os detritívoros quanto os necrófagos são o mesmo tipo de casos de sistemas de consumo de recursos. O consumo de madeira, viva ou morta, é conhecido como xilofagia. A atividade dos animais que se alimentam apenas de madeira morta é chamada de sapro-xilofagia e desses animais, sapro-xilófagos.<sup id="cite_ref-Getz_2011_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Getz_2011-6"><span>[</span>6<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ecologia">Ecologia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Detrit%C3%ADvoro&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editar secção: Ecologia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Detrit%C3%ADvoro&action=edit&section=1" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Ecologia"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Os detritívoros desempenham um papel importante como recicladores no fluxo de energia do <a href="/wiki/Ecossistema" title="Ecossistema">ecossistema</a> e nos <a href="/wiki/Ciclo_biogeoqu%C3%ADmico" title="Ciclo biogeoquímico">ciclos biogeoquímicos</a>. Especialmente no papel de reciclar nutrientes de volta ao <a href="/wiki/Solo" title="Solo">solo</a>. Detritívoros e decompositores reintroduzem elementos vitais como <a href="/wiki/Carbono" title="Carbono">carbono</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nitrog%C3%AAnio" class="mw-redirect" title="Nitrogênio">nitrogênio</a>, <a href="/wiki/F%C3%B3sforo" title="Fósforo">fósforo</a>, <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A1lcio" title="Cálcio">cálcio</a> e <a href="/wiki/Pot%C3%A1ssio" title="Potássio">potássio</a> de volta ao solo, permitindo que as plantas absorvam esses elementos e os usem para o crescimento. Eles trituram a matéria vegetal morta que libera os nutrientes presos nos tecidos vegetais. Uma abundância de detritívoros no solo permite que o ecossistema recicle nutrientes com eficiência.<sup id="cite_ref-Lindsey-Robbins_2019_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lindsey-Robbins_2019-7"><span>[</span>7<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>O comportamento alimentar dos detritívoros é afetado pela chuva; o solo úmido aumenta a alimentação e a <a href="/wiki/Excre%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Excreção">excreção</a> dos detritívoros.<sup id="cite_ref-Lindsey-Robbins_2019_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lindsey-Robbins_2019-7"><span>[</span>7<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Muitos detritívoros vivem em <a href="/wiki/Floresta" title="Floresta">florestas</a> maduras, embora o termo possa ser aplicado a certos comedores de fundo em ambientes úmidos. Esses organismos desempenham um papel crucial nos ecossistemas bentônicos, formando <a href="/wiki/Cadeias_alimentares" class="mw-redirect" title="Cadeias alimentares">cadeias alimentares</a> essenciais e participando do <a href="/wiki/Ciclo_do_nitrog%C3%AAnio" title="Ciclo do nitrogênio">ciclo do nitrogênio</a>. Detritívoros e decompositores que residem no deserto são enterrados no subsolo para evitar a superfície quente e as condições subterrâneas fornecem condições de vida favoráveis para eles. Os detritívoros são os principais organismos na limpeza do lixo vegetal e na reciclagem de nutrientes no <a href="/wiki/Deserto" title="Deserto">deserto</a>. Devido à limitada vegetação disponível no deserto, os detritívoros adaptaram-se e desenvolveram formas de se alimentar nas condições extremas do deserto.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span>[</span>8<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Os <a href="/wiki/Fungi" title="Fungi">fungos</a>, atuando como decompositores, são importantes no ambiente terrestre atual. Durante o período Carbonífero, fungos e <a href="/wiki/Bact%C3%A9ria" title="Bactéria">bactérias</a> ainda não desenvolveram a capacidade de digerir lignina , e assim grandes depósitos de tecido vegetal morto se acumularam durante esse período, tornando-se posteriormente os combustíveis fósseis.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span>[</span>9<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ver_também"><span id="Ver_tamb.C3.A9m"></span>Ver também</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Detrit%C3%ADvoro&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editar secção: Ver também" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Detrit%C3%ADvoro&action=edit&section=2" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Ver também"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carn%C3%ADvoro" title="Carnívoro">Carnívoro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herb%C3%ADvoro" title="Herbívoro">Herbívoro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/On%C3%ADvoro" class="mw-redirect" title="Onívoro">Onívoro</a></li></ul> <h2 id="Referências" style="cursor: help;" title="Esta seção foi configurada para não ser editável diretamente. Edite a página toda ou a seção anterior em vez disso."><span id="Refer.C3.AAncias"></span>Referências</h2> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Keddy_2017-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-Keddy_2017_1-0">a</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-Keddy_2017_1-1">b</a></b></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Keddy P (2017). <i>Plant Ecology, Origins, Processes, Consequences 2nd Ed</i>. New York: <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. pp. 92–93. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_de_livros/978-1-107-11423-4" title="Especial:Fontes de livros/978-1-107-11423-4">978-1-107-11423-4</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ADetrit%C3voro&rft.aufirst=P&rft.aulast=Keddy&rft.btitle=Plant+Ecology%2C+Origins%2C+Processes%2C+Consequences+2nd+Ed.&rft.date=2017&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-107-11423-4&rft.pages=92-93&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Wetzel RG (2001). <i>Limnology: Lake and River Ecosystems.</i> 3rd. ed. [S.l.]: Academic Press. 700 páginas. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_de_livros/978-0-12-744760-5" title="Especial:Fontes de livros/978-0-12-744760-5">978-0-12-744760-5</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ADetrit%C3voro&rft.aufirst=RG&rft.aulast=Wetzel&rft.btitle=Limnology%3A+Lake+and+River+Ecosystems.&rft.date=2001&rft.edition=3rd.&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-12-744760-5&rft.pub=Academic+Press&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sagi_2019-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Sagi_2019_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Sagi N, Grünzweig JM, Hawlena D (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6842856">«Burrowing detritivores regulate nutrient cycling in a desert ecosystem»</a>. <i>Proceedings. Biological Sciences</i>. <b>286</b> (1914). 20191647 páginas. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6842856">6842856</a><span style="margin-left:0.1em"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Acessível livremente"><img alt="Acessível livremente" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span></span>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31662076">31662076</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1098%2Frspb.2019.1647">10.1098/rspb.2019.1647</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ADetrit%C3voro&rft.atitle=Burrowing+detritivores+regulate+nutrient+cycling+in+a+desert+ecosystem&rft.au=Gr%C3%BCnzweig%2C+JM&rft.au=Hawlena%2C+D&rft.aufirst=N&rft.aulast=Sagi&rft.date=2019&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=1914&rft.jtitle=Proceedings.+Biological+Sciences&rft.volume=286&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC6842856&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC6842856&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1098%2Frspb.2019.1647&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F31662076&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFSchmitzBuchkowskiBurghardtDonihue2015" class="citation">Schmitz, Oswald J.; Buchkowski, Robert W.; Burghardt, Karin T.; Donihue, Colin M. (1 de janeiro de 2015), Pawar, Samraat; Woodward, Guy; Dell, Anthony I., eds., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0065250415000045">«Chapter Ten - Functional Traits and Trait-Mediated Interactions: Connecting Community-Level Interactions with Ecosystem Functioning»</a>, Academic Press, <i>Advances in Ecological Research</i>, Trait-Based Ecology - From Structure to Function (em inglês), <b>52</b>, pp. 319–343, <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fbs.aecr.2015.01.003">10.1016/bs.aecr.2015.01.003</a><span class="reference-accessdate">, consultado em 20 de fevereiro de 2021</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ADetrit%C3voro&rft.atitle=Chapter+Ten+-+Functional+Traits+and+Trait-Mediated+Interactions%3A+Connecting+Community-Level+Interactions+with+Ecosystem+Functioning&rft.au=Buchkowski%2C+Robert+W.&rft.au=Burghardt%2C+Karin+T.&rft.au=Donihue%2C+Colin+M.&rft.aufirst=Oswald+J.&rft.aulast=Schmitz&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Ecological+Research&rft.pages=319-343&rft.volume=52&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedirect.com%2Fscience%2Farticle%2Fpii%2FS0065250415000045&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fbs.aecr.2015.01.003&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">De Smedt, Pallieter; Wasof, Safaa; Van de Weghe, Tom; Hermy, Martin; Bonte, Dries; Verheyen, Kris (1 de outubro de 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0929139318302816">«Macro-detritivore identity and biomass along with moisture availability control forest leaf litter breakdown in a field experiment»</a>. <i>Applied Soil Ecology</i> (em inglês). <b>131</b>: 47–54. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0929-1393">0929-1393</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.apsoil.2018.07.010">10.1016/j.apsoil.2018.07.010</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ADetrit%C3voro&rft.atitle=Macro-detritivore+identity+and+biomass+along+with+moisture+availability+control+forest+leaf+litter+breakdown+in+a+field+experiment&rft.au=Bonte%2C+Dries&rft.au=Hermy%2C+Martin&rft.au=Van+de+Weghe%2C+Tom&rft.au=Verheyen%2C+Kris&rft.au=Wasof%2C+Safaa&rft.aufirst=Pallieter&rft.aulast=De+Smedt&rft.date=2018-10-01&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=0929-1393&rft.jtitle=Applied+Soil+Ecology&rft.pages=47-54&rft.volume=131&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedirect.com%2Fscience%2Farticle%2Fpii%2FS0929139318302816&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.apsoil.2018.07.010&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Getz_2011-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Getz_2011_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Getz WM (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3032891">«Biomass transformation webs provide a unified approach to consumer-resource modelling»</a>. <i>Ecology Letters</i>. <b>14</b> (2): 113–24. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3032891">3032891</a><span style="margin-left:0.1em"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Acessível livremente"><img alt="Acessível livremente" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span></span>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21199247">21199247</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1461-0248.2010.01566.x">10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01566.x</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ADetrit%C3voro&rft.atitle=Biomass+transformation+webs+provide+a+unified+approach+to+consumer-resource+modelling&rft.aufirst=WM&rft.aulast=Getz&rft.date=2011&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=2&rft.jtitle=Ecology+Letters&rft.pages=113-24&rft.volume=14&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3032891&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3032891&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1461-0248.2010.01566.x&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F21199247&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lindsey-Robbins_2019-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-Lindsey-Robbins_2019_7-0">a</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-Lindsey-Robbins_2019_7-1">b</a></b></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Lindsey-Robbins J, Vázquez-Ortega A, McCluney K, Pelini S (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6955738">«Effects of Detritivores on Nutrient Dynamics and Corn Biomass in Mesocosms»</a>. <i>Insects</i>. <b>10</b> (12). 453 páginas. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6955738">6955738</a><span style="margin-left:0.1em"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Acessível livremente"><img alt="Acessível livremente" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span></span>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31847249">31847249</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.3390%2Finsects10120453">10.3390/insects10120453</a><span style="margin-left:0.1em"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Acessível livremente"><img alt="Acessível livremente" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ADetrit%C3voro&rft.atitle=Effects+of+Detritivores+on+Nutrient+Dynamics+and+Corn+Biomass+in+Mesocosms&rft.au=McCluney%2C+K&rft.au=Pelini%2C+S&rft.au=V%C3%A1zquez-Ortega%2C+A&rft.aufirst=J&rft.aulast=Lindsey-Robbins&rft.date=2019&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=12&rft.jtitle=Insects&rft.volume=10&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC6955738&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC6955738&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3390%2Finsects10120453&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F31847249&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Tenore KR, et al. (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Scientific_Committee_on_Problems_of_the_Environment&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment (página não existe)">SCOPE</a>) (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://globalecology.stanford.edu/DGE/CIWDGE/SCOPE%20Books%20Web%20Archive/SCOPE%2033/SCOPE_33_2.06_Tenore_191-206.pdf">«Nitrogen in benthic food chains.»</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. In: Blackbrun TH, Sorensen J. <i>Nitrogen cycling in coastal marine environments</i>. <b>21</b>. [S.l.: s.n.] pp. 191–206. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070610021232/http://globalecology.stanford.edu/DGE/CIWDGE/SCOPE%20Books%20Web%20Archive/SCOPE%2033/SCOPE_33_2.06_Tenore_191-206.pdf">Cópia arquivada <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> em 10 de junho de 2007</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ADetrit%C3voro&rft.atitle=Nitrogen+in+benthic+food+chains.&rft.aufirst=KR&rft.aulast=Tenore&rft.btitle=Nitrogen+cycling+in+coastal+marine+environments.&rft.date=1988&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.pages=191-206&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fglobalecology.stanford.edu%2FDGE%2FCIWDGE%2FSCOPE%2520Books%2520Web%2520Archive%2FSCOPE%252033%2FSCOPE_33_2.06_Tenore_191-206.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Biello D (28 de junho de 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/mushroom-evolution-breaks-down-lignin-slows-coal-formation/">«White Rot Fungi Slowed Coal Formation»</a>. <i>Scientific American</i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ADetrit%C3voro&rft.atitle=White+Rot+Fungi+Slowed+Coal+Formation&rft.aufirst=D&rft.aulast=Biello&rft.date=2012-06-28&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Scientific+American&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scientificamerican.com%2Farticle%2Fmushroom-evolution-breaks-down-lignin-slows-coal-formation%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <table class="noprint" style="border-top:none; border-bottom:none; background:transparent; color: inherit"><tbody><tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Farm-Fresh_world.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Ícone de esboço" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Farm-Fresh_world.png/30px-Farm-Fresh_world.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/Farm-Fresh_world.png 1.5x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="32" /></a></span></td> <td><i>Este artigo sobre <a href="/wiki/Ecologia" title="Ecologia">Ecologia</a> é um <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Esbo%C3%A7o" title="Wikipédia:Esboço">esboço</a>. 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