CINXE.COM

<!doctype html> <html lang="en-US"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8" /><script type="text/javascript">(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).init={ajax:{deny_list:["bam.nr-data.net"]}};(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).loader_config={licenseKey:"e35bf103e0",applicationID:"198502244"};;/*! For license information please see nr-loader-rum-1.281.0.min.js.LICENSE.txt */ (()=>{var e,t,r={122:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>i});var n=r(944);function i(e,t){try{if(!e||"object"!=typeof e)return(0,n.R)(3);if(!t||"object"!=typeof t)return(0,n.R)(4);const r=Object.create(Object.getPrototypeOf(t),Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors(t)),o=0===Object.keys(r).length?e:r;for(let a in o)if(void 0!==e[a])try{if(null===e[a]){r[a]=null;continue}Array.isArray(e[a])&&Array.isArray(t[a])?r[a]=Array.from(new Set([...e[a],...t[a]])):"object"==typeof e[a]&&"object"==typeof t[a]?r[a]=i(e[a],t[a]):r[a]=e[a]}catch(e){(0,n.R)(1,e)}return r}catch(e){(0,n.R)(2,e)}}},555:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Vp:()=>c,fn:()=>s,x1:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(122);const o={beacon:n.NT.beacon,errorBeacon:n.NT.errorBeacon,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,sa:void 0,queueTime:void 0,applicationTime:void 0,ttGuid:void 0,user:void 0,account:void 0,product:void 0,extra:void 0,jsAttributes:{},userAttributes:void 0,atts:void 0,transactionName:void 0,tNamePlain:void 0},a={};function s(e){try{const t=c(e);return!!t.licenseKey&&!!t.errorBeacon&&!!t.applicationID}catch(e){return!1}}function c(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("Info for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function u(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.info=a[e])}},217:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D0:()=>h,gD:()=>b,xN:()=>v});r(860).K7.genericEvents;const n="experimental.marks",i="experimental.measures",o="experimental.resources";var a=r(993);const s=e=>{if(!e||"string"!=typeof e)return!1;try{document.createDocumentFragment().querySelector(e)}catch{return!1}return!0};var c=r(614),u=r(944),l=r(384),d=r(122);const f="[data-nr-mask]",g=()=>{const e={feature_flags:[],experimental:{marks:!1,measures:!1,resources:!1},mask_selector:"*",block_selector:"[data-nr-block]",mask_input_options:{color:!1,date:!1,"datetime-local":!1,email:!1,month:!1,number:!1,range:!1,search:!1,tel:!1,text:!1,time:!1,url:!1,week:!1,textarea:!1,select:!1,password:!0}};return{ajax:{deny_list:void 0,block_internal:!0,enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},distributed_tracing:{enabled:void 0,exclude_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_tracecontext_headers:void 0,allowed_origins:void 0},get feature_flags(){return e.feature_flags},set feature_flags(t){e.feature_flags=t},generic_events:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},harvest:{interval:30},jserrors:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},logging:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0,level:a.p_.INFO},metrics:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},obfuscate:void 0,page_action:{enabled:!0},page_view_event:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},page_view_timing:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},performance:{get capture_marks(){return e.feature_flags.includes(n)||e.experimental.marks},set capture_marks(t){e.experimental.marks=t},get capture_measures(){return e.feature_flags.includes(i)||e.experimental.measures},set capture_measures(t){e.experimental.measures=t},capture_detail:!0,resources:{get enabled(){return e.feature_flags.includes(o)||e.experimental.resources},set enabled(t){e.experimental.resources=t},asset_types:[],first_party_domains:[],ignore_newrelic:!0}},privacy:{cookies_enabled:!0},proxy:{assets:void 0,beacon:void 0},session:{expiresMs:c.wk,inactiveMs:c.BB},session_replay:{autoStart:!0,enabled:!1,preload:!1,sampling_rate:10,error_sampling_rate:100,collect_fonts:!1,inline_images:!1,fix_stylesheets:!0,mask_all_inputs:!0,get mask_text_selector(){return e.mask_selector},set mask_text_selector(t){s(t)?e.mask_selector="".concat(t,",").concat(f):""===t||null===t?e.mask_selector=f:(0,u.R)(5,t)},get block_class(){return"nr-block"},get ignore_class(){return"nr-ignore"},get mask_text_class(){return"nr-mask"},get block_selector(){return e.block_selector},set block_selector(t){s(t)?e.block_selector+=",".concat(t):""!==t&&(0,u.R)(6,t)},get mask_input_options(){return e.mask_input_options},set mask_input_options(t){t&&"object"==typeof t?e.mask_input_options={...t,password:!0}:(0,u.R)(7,t)}},session_trace:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},soft_navigations:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},spa:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},ssl:void 0,user_actions:{enabled:!0,elementAttributes:["id","className","tagName","type"]}}},p={},m="All configuration objects require an agent identifier!";function h(e){if(!e)throw new Error(m);if(!p[e])throw new Error("Configuration for ".concat(e," was never set"));return p[e]}function v(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(m);p[e]=(0,d.a)(t,g());const r=(0,l.nY)(e);r&&(r.init=p[e])}function b(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(m);var r=h(e);if(r){for(var n=t.split("."),i=0;i<n.length-1;i++)if("object"!=typeof(r=r[n[i]]))return;r=r[n[n.length-1]]}return r}},371:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>f,f:()=>d});var n=r(122),i=r(384),o=r(154),a=r(324);let s=0;const c={buildEnv:a.F3,distMethod:a.Xs,version:a.xv,originTime:o.WN},u={customTransaction:void 0,disabled:!1,isolatedBacklog:!1,loaderType:void 0,maxBytes:3e4,onerror:void 0,ptid:void 0,releaseIds:{},appMetadata:{},session:void 0,denyList:void 0,timeKeeper:void 0,obfuscator:void 0,harvester:void 0},l={};function d(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");if(!l[e])throw new Error("Runtime for ".concat(e," was never set"));return l[e]}function f(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");l[e]={...(0,n.a)(t,u),...c},Object.hasOwnProperty.call(l[e],"harvestCount")||Object.defineProperty(l[e],"harvestCount",{get:()=>++s});const r=(0,i.nY)(e);r&&(r.runtime=l[e])}},324:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{F3:()=>i,Xs:()=>o,xv:()=>n});const n="1.281.0",i="PROD",o="CDN"},154:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{OF:()=>c,RI:()=>i,WN:()=>l,bv:()=>o,gm:()=>a,mw:()=>s,sb:()=>u});var n=r(863);const i="undefined"!=typeof window&&!!window.document,o="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator),a=i?window:"undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis),s=Boolean("hidden"===a?.document?.visibilityState),c=/iPad|iPhone|iPod/.test(a.navigator?.userAgent),u=c&&"undefined"==typeof SharedWorker,l=((()=>{const e=a.navigator?.userAgent?.match(/Firefox[/\s](\d+\.\d+)/);Array.isArray(e)&&e.length>=2&&e[1]})(),Date.now()-(0,n.t)())},687:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Ak:()=>c,Ze:()=>d,x3:()=>u});var n=r(836),i=r(606),o=r(860),a=r(646);const s={};function c(e,t){const r={staged:!1,priority:o.P3[t]||0};l(e),s[e].get(t)||s[e].set(t,r)}function u(e,t){e&&s[e]&&(s[e].get(t)&&s[e].delete(t),g(e,t,!1),s[e].size&&f(e))}function l(e){if(!e)throw new Error("agentIdentifier required");s[e]||(s[e]=new Map)}function d(e="",t="feature",r=!1){if(l(e),!e||!s[e].get(t)||r)return g(e,t);s[e].get(t).staged=!0,f(e)}function f(e){const t=Array.from(s[e]);t.every((([e,t])=>t.staged))&&(t.sort(((e,t)=>e[1].priority-t[1].priority)),t.forEach((([t])=>{s[e].delete(t),g(e,t)})))}function g(e,t,r=!0){const o=e?n.ee.get(e):n.ee,s=i.i.handlers;if(!o.aborted&&o.backlog&&s){if(r){const e=o.backlog[t],r=s[t];if(r){for(let t=0;e&&t<e.length;++t)p(e[t],r);Object.entries(r).forEach((([e,t])=>{Object.values(t||{}).forEach((t=>{t[0]?.on&&t[0]?.context()instanceof a.y&&t[0].on(e,t[1])}))}))}}o.isolatedBacklog||delete s[t],o.backlog[t]=null,o.emit("drain-"+t,[])}}function p(e,t){var r=e[1];Object.values(t[r]||{}).forEach((t=>{var r=e[0];if(t[0]===r){var n=t[1],i=e[3],o=e[2];n.apply(i,o)}}))}},836:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{P:()=>c,ee:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(990),o=r(371),a=r(646),s=r(607);const c="nr@context:".concat(s.W),u=function e(t,r){var n={},s={},l={},d=!1;try{d=16===r.length&&(0,o.f)(r).isolatedBacklog}catch(e){}var f={on:p,addEventListener:p,removeEventListener:function(e,t){var r=n[e];if(!r)return;for(var i=0;i<r.length;i++)r[i]===t&&r.splice(i,1)},emit:function(e,r,n,i,o){!1!==o&&(o=!0);if(u.aborted&&!i)return;t&&o&&t.emit(e,r,n);for(var a=g(n),c=m(e),l=c.length,d=0;d<l;d++)c[d].apply(a,r);var p=v()[s[e]];p&&p.push([f,e,r,a]);return a},get:h,listeners:m,context:g,buffer:function(e,t){const r=v();if(t=t||"feature",f.aborted)return;Object.entries(e||{}).forEach((([e,n])=>{s[n]=t,t in r||(r[t]=[])}))},abort:function(){f._aborted=!0,Object.keys(f.backlog).forEach((e=>{delete f.backlog[e]}))},isBuffering:function(e){return!!v()[s[e]]},debugId:r,backlog:d?{}:t&&"object"==typeof t.backlog?t.backlog:{},isolatedBacklog:d};return Object.defineProperty(f,"aborted",{get:()=>{let e=f._aborted||!1;return e||(t&&(e=t.aborted),e)}}),f;function g(e){return e&&e instanceof a.y?e:e?(0,i.I)(e,c,(()=>new a.y(c))):new a.y(c)}function p(e,t){n[e]=m(e).concat(t)}function m(e){return n[e]||[]}function h(t){return l[t]=l[t]||e(f,t)}function v(){return f.backlog}}(void 0,"globalEE"),l=(0,n.Zm)();l.ee||(l.ee=u)},646:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{y:()=>n});class n{constructor(e){this.contextId=e}}},908:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{d:()=>n,p:()=>i});var n=r(836).ee.get("handle");function i(e,t,r,i,o){o?(o.buffer([e],i),o.emit(e,t,r)):(n.buffer([e],i),n.emit(e,t,r))}},606:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{i:()=>o});var n=r(908);o.on=a;var i=o.handlers={};function o(e,t,r,o){a(o||n.d,i,e,t,r)}function a(e,t,r,i,o){o||(o="feature"),e||(e=n.d);var a=t[o]=t[o]||{};(a[r]=a[r]||[]).push([e,i])}},878:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){return{capture:e,passive:!1,signal:t}}function i(e,t,r=!1,i){window.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}function o(e,t,r=!1,i){document.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}r.d(t,{DD:()=>o,jT:()=>n,sp:()=>i})},607:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>n});const n=(0,r(566).bz)()},566:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{LA:()=>s,bz:()=>a});var n=r(154);const i="xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx";function o(e,t){return e?15&e[t]:16*Math.random()|0}function a(){const e=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let t,r=0;return e&&e.getRandomValues&&(t=e.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(30))),i.split("").map((e=>"x"===e?o(t,r++).toString(16):"y"===e?(3&o()|8).toString(16):e)).join("")}function s(e){const t=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let r,i=0;t&&t.getRandomValues&&(r=t.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(e)));const a=[];for(var s=0;s<e;s++)a.push(o(r,i++).toString(16));return a.join("")}},614:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>a,H3:()=>n,g:()=>u,iL:()=>c,tS:()=>s,uh:()=>i,wk:()=>o});const n="NRBA",i="SESSION",o=144e5,a=18e5,s={STARTED:"session-started",PAUSE:"session-pause",RESET:"session-reset",RESUME:"session-resume",UPDATE:"session-update"},c={SAME_TAB:"same-tab",CROSS_TAB:"cross-tab"},u={OFF:0,FULL:1,ERROR:2}},863:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(){return Math.floor(performance.now())}r.d(t,{t:()=>n})},944:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){"function"==typeof console.debug&&console.debug("New Relic Warning: https://github.com/newrelic/newrelic-browser-agent/blob/main/docs/warning-codes.md#".concat(e),t)}r.d(t,{R:()=>n})},284:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{t:()=>c,B:()=>s});var n=r(836),i=r(154);const o="newrelic";const a=new Set,s={};function c(e,t){const r=n.ee.get(t);s[t]??={},e&&"object"==typeof e&&(a.has(t)||(r.emit("rumresp",[e]),s[t]=e,a.add(t),function(e={}){try{i.gm.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent(o,{detail:e}))}catch(e){}}({loaded:!0})))}},990:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{I:()=>i});var n=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;function i(e,t,r){if(n.call(e,t))return e[t];var i=r();if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:i,writable:!0,enumerable:!1}),i}catch(e){}return e[t]=i,i}},389:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t=500,r={}){const n=r?.leading||!1;let i;return(...r)=>{n&&void 0===i&&(e.apply(this,r),i=setTimeout((()=>{i=clearTimeout(i)}),t)),n||(clearTimeout(i),i=setTimeout((()=>{e.apply(this,r)}),t))}}function i(e){let t=!1;return(...r)=>{t||(t=!0,e.apply(this,r))}}r.d(t,{J:()=>i,s:()=>n})},289:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{GG:()=>o,sB:()=>a});var n=r(878);function i(){return"undefined"==typeof document||"complete"===document.readyState}function o(e,t){if(i())return e();(0,n.sp)("load",e,t)}function a(e){if(i())return e();(0,n.DD)("DOMContentLoaded",e)}},384:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{NT:()=>o,US:()=>l,Zm:()=>a,bQ:()=>c,dV:()=>s,nY:()=>u,pV:()=>d});var n=r(154),i=r(863);const o={beacon:"bam.nr-data.net",errorBeacon:"bam.nr-data.net"};function a(){return n.gm.NREUM||(n.gm.NREUM={}),void 0===n.gm.newrelic&&(n.gm.newrelic=n.gm.NREUM),n.gm.NREUM}function s(){let e=a();return e.o||(e.o={ST:n.gm.setTimeout,SI:n.gm.setImmediate,CT:n.gm.clearTimeout,XHR:n.gm.XMLHttpRequest,REQ:n.gm.Request,EV:n.gm.Event,PR:n.gm.Promise,MO:n.gm.MutationObserver,FETCH:n.gm.fetch,WS:n.gm.WebSocket}),e}function c(e,t){let r=a();r.initializedAgents??={},t.initializedAt={ms:(0,i.t)(),date:new Date},r.initializedAgents[e]=t}function u(e){let t=a();return t.initializedAgents?.[e]}function l(e,t){a()[e]=t}function d(){return function(){let e=a();const t=e.info||{};e.info={beacon:o.beacon,errorBeacon:o.errorBeacon,...t}}(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.init||{};e.init={...t}}(),s(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.loader_config||{};e.loader_config={...t}}(),a()}},843:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>i});var n=r(878);function i(e,t=!1,r,i){(0,n.DD)("visibilitychange",(function(){if(t)return void("hidden"===document.visibilityState&&e());e(document.visibilityState)}),r,i)}},434:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Jt:()=>o,YM:()=>c});var n=r(836),i=r(607);const o="nr@original:".concat(i.W);var a=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,s=!1;function c(e,t){return e||(e=n.ee),r.inPlace=function(e,t,n,i,o){n||(n="");const a="-"===n.charAt(0);for(let s=0;s<t.length;s++){const c=t[s],u=e[c];l(u)||(e[c]=r(u,a?c+n:n,i,c,o))}},r.flag=o,r;function r(t,r,n,s,c){return l(t)?t:(r||(r=""),nrWrapper[o]=t,function(e,t,r){if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.keys(e).forEach((function(r){Object.defineProperty(t,r,{get:function(){return e[r]},set:function(t){return e[r]=t,t}})})),t}catch(e){u([e],r)}for(var n in e)a.call(e,n)&&(t[n]=e[n])}(t,nrWrapper,e),nrWrapper);function nrWrapper(){var o,a,l,d;try{a=this,o=[...arguments],l="function"==typeof n?n(o,a):n||{}}catch(t){u([t,"",[o,a,s],l],e)}i(r+"start",[o,a,s],l,c);try{return d=t.apply(a,o)}catch(e){throw i(r+"err",[o,a,e],l,c),e}finally{i(r+"end",[o,a,d],l,c)}}}function i(r,n,i,o){if(!s||t){var a=s;s=!0;try{e.emit(r,n,i,t,o)}catch(t){u([t,r,n,i],e)}s=a}}}function u(e,t){t||(t=n.ee);try{t.emit("internal-error",e)}catch(e){}}function l(e){return!(e&&"function"==typeof e&&e.apply&&!e[o])}},993:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{ET:()=>o,p_:()=>i});var n=r(860);const i={ERROR:"ERROR",WARN:"WARN",INFO:"INFO",DEBUG:"DEBUG",TRACE:"TRACE"},o="log";n.K7.logging},969:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{TZ:()=>n,XG:()=>s,rs:()=>i,xV:()=>a,z_:()=>o});const n=r(860).K7.metrics,i="sm",o="cm",a="storeSupportabilityMetrics",s="storeEventMetrics"},630:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewEvent},782:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewTiming},344:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{G4:()=>i});var n=r(614);r(860).K7.sessionReplay;const i={RECORD:"recordReplay",PAUSE:"pauseReplay",REPLAY_RUNNING:"replayRunning",ERROR_DURING_REPLAY:"errorDuringReplay"};n.g.ERROR,n.g.FULL,n.g.OFF},234:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>o});var n=r(836),i=r(687);class o{constructor(e,t){this.agentIdentifier=e,this.ee=n.ee.get(e),this.featureName=t,this.blocked=!1}deregisterDrain(){(0,i.x3)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName)}}},603:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{j:()=>K});var n=r(860),i=r(555),o=r(371),a=r(908),s=r(836),c=r(687),u=r(289),l=r(154),d=r(944),f=r(969),g=r(384),p=r(344);const m=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease","recordCustomEvent","addPageAction","setCurrentRouteName","setPageViewName","setCustomAttribute","interaction","noticeError","setUserId","setApplicationVersion","start",p.G4.RECORD,p.G4.PAUSE,"log","wrapLogger"],h=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease"];var v=r(863),b=r(614),y=r(993);var w=r(646),A=r(434);const R=new Map;function _(e,t,r,n){if("object"!=typeof t||!t||"string"!=typeof r||!r||"function"!=typeof t[r])return(0,d.R)(29);const i=function(e){return(e||s.ee).get("logger")}(e),o=(0,A.YM)(i),a=new w.y(s.P);a.level=n.level,a.customAttributes=n.customAttributes;const c=t[r]?.[A.Jt]||t[r];return R.set(c,a),o.inPlace(t,[r],"wrap-logger-",(()=>R.get(c))),i}function E(){const e=(0,g.pV)();m.forEach((t=>{e[t]=(...r)=>function(t,...r){let n=[];return Object.values(e.initializedAgents).forEach((e=>{e&&e.api?e.exposed&&e.api[t]&&n.push(e.api[t](...r)):(0,d.R)(38,t)})),n.length>1?n:n[0]}(t,...r)}))}const x={};function N(e,t,g=!1){t||(0,c.Ak)(e,"api");const m={};var w=s.ee.get(e),A=w.get("tracer");x[e]=b.g.OFF,w.on(p.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(t=>{x[e]=t}));var R="api-",E=R+"ixn-";function N(t,r,n,o){const a=(0,i.Vp)(e);return null===r?delete a.jsAttributes[t]:(0,i.x1)(e,{...a,jsAttributes:{...a.jsAttributes,[t]:r}}),j(R,n,!0,o||null===r?"session":void 0)(t,r)}function k(){}m.log=function(e,{customAttributes:t={},level:r=y.p_.INFO}={}){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/log/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),function(e,t,r={},i=y.p_.INFO){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/logging/".concat(i.toLowerCase(),"/called")],void 0,n.K7.metrics,e),(0,a.p)(y.ET,[(0,v.t)(),t,r,i],void 0,n.K7.logging,e)}(w,e,t,r)},m.wrapLogger=(e,t,{customAttributes:r={},level:i=y.p_.INFO}={})=>{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/wrapLogger/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),_(w,e,t,{customAttributes:r,level:i})},h.forEach((e=>{m[e]=j(R,e,!0,"api")})),m.addPageAction=j(R,"addPageAction",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),m.recordCustomEvent=j(R,"recordCustomEvent",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),m.setPageViewName=function(t,r){if("string"==typeof t)return"/"!==t.charAt(0)&&(t="/"+t),(0,o.f)(e).customTransaction=(r||"http://custom.transaction")+t,j(R,"setPageViewName",!0)()},m.setCustomAttribute=function(e,t,r=!1){if("string"==typeof e){if(["string","number","boolean"].includes(typeof t)||null===t)return N(e,t,"setCustomAttribute",r);(0,d.R)(40,typeof t)}else(0,d.R)(39,typeof e)},m.setUserId=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("enduser.id",e,"setUserId",!0);(0,d.R)(41,typeof e)},m.setApplicationVersion=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("application.version",e,"setApplicationVersion",!1);(0,d.R)(42,typeof e)},m.start=()=>{try{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/start/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),w.emit("manual-start-all")}catch(e){(0,d.R)(23,e)}},m[p.G4.RECORD]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/recordReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)(p.G4.RECORD,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,w)},m[p.G4.PAUSE]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/pauseReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)(p.G4.PAUSE,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,w)},m.interaction=function(e){return(new k).get("object"==typeof e?e:{})};const T=k.prototype={createTracer:function(e,t){var r={},i=this,o="function"==typeof t;return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/createTracer/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),g||(0,a.p)(E+"tracer",[(0,v.t)(),e,r],i,n.K7.spa,w),function(){if(A.emit((o?"":"no-")+"fn-start",[(0,v.t)(),i,o],r),o)try{return t.apply(this,arguments)}catch(e){const t="string"==typeof e?new Error(e):e;throw A.emit("fn-err",[arguments,this,t],r),t}finally{A.emit("fn-end",[(0,v.t)()],r)}}}};function j(e,t,r,i){return function(){return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/"+t+"/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),i&&(0,a.p)(e+t,[r?(0,v.t)():performance.now(),...arguments],r?null:this,i,w),r?void 0:this}}function I(){r.e(296).then(r.bind(r,778)).then((({setAPI:t})=>{t(e),(0,c.Ze)(e,"api")})).catch((e=>{(0,d.R)(27,e),w.abort()}))}return["actionText","setName","setAttribute","save","ignore","onEnd","getContext","end","get"].forEach((e=>{T[e]=j(E,e,void 0,g?n.K7.softNav:n.K7.spa)})),m.setCurrentRouteName=g?j(E,"routeName",void 0,n.K7.softNav):j(R,"routeName",!0,n.K7.spa),m.noticeError=function(t,r){"string"==typeof t&&(t=new Error(t)),(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/noticeError/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)("err",[t,(0,v.t)(),!1,r,!!x[e]],void 0,n.K7.jserrors,w)},l.RI?(0,u.GG)((()=>I()),!0):I(),m}var k=r(217),T=r(122);const j={accountID:void 0,trustKey:void 0,agentID:void 0,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,xpid:void 0},I={};var S=r(284);const O=e=>{const t=e.startsWith("http");e+="/",r.p=t?e:"https://"+e};let P=!1;function K(e,t={},r,n){let{init:a,info:c,loader_config:u,runtime:d={},exposed:f=!0}=t;d.loaderType=r;const p=(0,g.pV)();c||(a=p.init,c=p.info,u=p.loader_config),(0,k.xN)(e.agentIdentifier,a||{}),function(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");I[e]=(0,T.a)(t,j);const r=(0,g.nY)(e);r&&(r.loader_config=I[e])}(e.agentIdentifier,u||{}),c.jsAttributes??={},l.bv&&(c.jsAttributes.isWorker=!0),(0,i.x1)(e.agentIdentifier,c);const m=(0,k.D0)(e.agentIdentifier),h=[c.beacon,c.errorBeacon];P||(m.proxy.assets&&(O(m.proxy.assets),h.push(m.proxy.assets)),m.proxy.beacon&&h.push(m.proxy.beacon),E(),(0,g.US)("activatedFeatures",S.B),e.runSoftNavOverSpa&&=!0===m.soft_navigations.enabled&&m.feature_flags.includes("soft_nav")),d.denyList=[...m.ajax.deny_list||[],...m.ajax.block_internal?h:[]],d.ptid=e.agentIdentifier,(0,o.V)(e.agentIdentifier,d),e.ee=s.ee.get(e.agentIdentifier),void 0===e.api&&(e.api=N(e.agentIdentifier,n,e.runSoftNavOverSpa)),void 0===e.exposed&&(e.exposed=f),P=!0}},374:(e,t,r)=>{r.nc=(()=>{try{return document?.currentScript?.nonce}catch(e){}return""})()},860:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$J:()=>u,K7:()=>s,P3:()=>c,XX:()=>i,qY:()=>n,v4:()=>a});const n="events",i="jserrors",o="browser/blobs",a="rum",s={ajax:"ajax",genericEvents:"generic_events",jserrors:i,logging:"logging",metrics:"metrics",pageAction:"page_action",pageViewEvent:"page_view_event",pageViewTiming:"page_view_timing",sessionReplay:"session_replay",sessionTrace:"session_trace",softNav:"soft_navigations",spa:"spa"},c={[s.pageViewEvent]:1,[s.pageViewTiming]:2,[s.metrics]:3,[s.jserrors]:4,[s.spa]:5,[s.ajax]:6,[s.sessionTrace]:7,[s.softNav]:8,[s.sessionReplay]:9,[s.logging]:10,[s.genericEvents]:11},u={[s.pageViewEvent]:a,[s.pageViewTiming]:n,[s.ajax]:n,[s.spa]:n,[s.softNav]:n,[s.metrics]:i,[s.jserrors]:i,[s.sessionTrace]:o,[s.sessionReplay]:o,[s.logging]:"browser/logs",[s.genericEvents]:"ins"}}},n={};function i(e){var t=n[e];if(void 0!==t)return t.exports;var o=n[e]={exports:{}};return r[e](o,o.exports,i),o.exports}i.m=r,i.d=(e,t)=>{for(var r in t)i.o(t,r)&&!i.o(e,r)&&Object.defineProperty(e,r,{enumerable:!0,get:t[r]})},i.f={},i.e=e=>Promise.all(Object.keys(i.f).reduce(((t,r)=>(i.f[r](e,t),t)),[])),i.u=e=>"nr-rum-1.281.0.min.js",i.o=(e,t)=>Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,t),e={},t="NRBA-1.281.0.PROD:",i.l=(r,n,o,a)=>{if(e[r])e[r].push(n);else{var s,c;if(void 0!==o)for(var u=document.getElementsByTagName("script"),l=0;l<u.length;l++){var d=u[l];if(d.getAttribute("src")==r||d.getAttribute("data-webpack")==t+o){s=d;break}}if(!s){c=!0;var f={296:"sha512-zqOtfbjYsGTkQScey1O8Hh9fA1+m2RFxLpfv7BWqqTivgQ6iM13v6QJ4d5xykyDwx1GoMFmngC4SKpFn6VciYg=="};(s=document.createElement("script")).charset="utf-8",s.timeout=120,i.nc&&s.setAttribute("nonce",i.nc),s.setAttribute("data-webpack",t+o),s.src=r,0!==s.src.indexOf(window.location.origin+"/")&&(s.crossOrigin="anonymous"),f[a]&&(s.integrity=f[a])}e[r]=[n];var g=(t,n)=>{s.onerror=s.onload=null,clearTimeout(p);var i=e[r];if(delete e[r],s.parentNode&&s.parentNode.removeChild(s),i&&i.forEach((e=>e(n))),t)return t(n)},p=setTimeout(g.bind(null,void 0,{type:"timeout",target:s}),12e4);s.onerror=g.bind(null,s.onerror),s.onload=g.bind(null,s.onload),c&&document.head.appendChild(s)}},i.r=e=>{"undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.toStringTag&&Object.defineProperty(e,Symbol.toStringTag,{value:"Module"}),Object.defineProperty(e,"__esModule",{value:!0})},i.p="https://js-agent.newrelic.com/",(()=>{var e={374:0,840:0};i.f.j=(t,r)=>{var n=i.o(e,t)?e[t]:void 0;if(0!==n)if(n)r.push(n[2]);else{var o=new Promise(((r,i)=>n=e[t]=[r,i]));r.push(n[2]=o);var a=i.p+i.u(t),s=new Error;i.l(a,(r=>{if(i.o(e,t)&&(0!==(n=e[t])&&(e[t]=void 0),n)){var o=r&&("load"===r.type?"missing":r.type),a=r&&r.target&&r.target.src;s.message="Loading chunk "+t+" failed.\n("+o+": "+a+")",s.name="ChunkLoadError",s.type=o,s.request=a,n[1](s)}}),"chunk-"+t,t)}};var t=(t,r)=>{var n,o,[a,s,c]=r,u=0;if(a.some((t=>0!==e[t]))){for(n in s)i.o(s,n)&&(i.m[n]=s[n]);if(c)c(i)}for(t&&t(r);u<a.length;u++)o=a[u],i.o(e,o)&&e[o]&&e[o][0](),e[o]=0},r=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.281.0.PROD"]=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.281.0.PROD"]||[];r.forEach(t.bind(null,0)),r.push=t.bind(null,r.push.bind(r))})(),(()=>{"use strict";i(374);var e=i(944),t=i(344),r=i(566);class n{agentIdentifier;constructor(){this.agentIdentifier=(0,r.LA)(16)}#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}addPageAction(e,t){return this.#e("addPageAction",e,t)}recordCustomEvent(e,t){return this.#e("recordCustomEvent",e,t)}setPageViewName(e,t){return this.#e("setPageViewName",e,t)}setCustomAttribute(e,t,r){return this.#e("setCustomAttribute",e,t,r)}noticeError(e,t){return this.#e("noticeError",e,t)}setUserId(e){return this.#e("setUserId",e)}setApplicationVersion(e){return this.#e("setApplicationVersion",e)}setErrorHandler(e){return this.#e("setErrorHandler",e)}addRelease(e,t){return this.#e("addRelease",e,t)}log(e,t){return this.#e("log",e,t)}}class o extends n{#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}start(){return this.#e("start")}finished(e){return this.#e("finished",e)}recordReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.RECORD)}pauseReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.PAUSE)}addToTrace(e){return this.#e("addToTrace",e)}setCurrentRouteName(e){return this.#e("setCurrentRouteName",e)}interaction(){return this.#e("interaction")}wrapLogger(e,t,r){return this.#e("wrapLogger",e,t,r)}}var a=i(860),s=i(217);const c=Object.values(a.K7);function u(e){const t={};return c.forEach((r=>{t[r]=function(e,t){return!0===(0,s.gD)(t,"".concat(e,".enabled"))}(r,e)})),t}var l=i(603);var d=i(687),f=i(234),g=i(289),p=i(154),m=i(384);const h=e=>p.RI&&!0===(0,s.gD)(e,"privacy.cookies_enabled");function v(e){return!!(0,m.dV)().o.MO&&h(e)&&!0===(0,s.gD)(e,"session_trace.enabled")}var b=i(389);class y extends f.W{constructor(e,t,r=!0){super(e.agentIdentifier,t),this.auto=r,this.abortHandler=void 0,this.featAggregate=void 0,this.onAggregateImported=void 0,!1===e.init[this.featureName].autoStart&&(this.auto=!1),this.auto?(0,d.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,t):this.ee.on("manual-start-all",(0,b.J)((()=>{(0,d.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),this.auto=!0,this.importAggregator(e)})))}importAggregator(t,r={}){if(this.featAggregate||!this.auto)return;let n;this.onAggregateImported=new Promise((e=>{n=e}));const o=async()=>{let o;try{if(h(this.agentIdentifier)){const{setupAgentSession:e}=await i.e(296).then(i.bind(i,861));o=e(t)}}catch(t){(0,e.R)(20,t),this.ee.emit("internal-error",[t]),this.featureName===a.K7.sessionReplay&&this.abortHandler?.()}try{if(!this.#t(this.featureName,o))return(0,d.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),void n(!1);const{lazyFeatureLoader:e}=await i.e(296).then(i.bind(i,103)),{Aggregate:a}=await e(this.featureName,"aggregate");this.featAggregate=new a(t,r),t.runtime.harvester.initializedAggregates.push(this.featAggregate),n(!0)}catch(t){(0,e.R)(34,t),this.abortHandler?.(),(0,d.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName,!0),n(!1),this.ee&&this.ee.abort()}};p.RI?(0,g.GG)((()=>o()),!0):o()}#t(e,t){switch(e){case a.K7.sessionReplay:return v(this.agentIdentifier)&&!!t;case a.K7.sessionTrace:return!!t;default:return!0}}}var w=i(630);class A extends y{static featureName=w.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,w.T,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var R=i(908),_=i(843),E=i(878),x=i(782),N=i(863);class k extends y{static featureName=x.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,x.T,t),p.RI&&((0,_.u)((()=>(0,R.p)("docHidden",[(0,N.t)()],void 0,x.T,this.ee)),!0),(0,E.sp)("pagehide",(()=>(0,R.p)("winPagehide",[(0,N.t)()],void 0,x.T,this.ee))),this.importAggregator(e))}}var T=i(969);class j extends y{static featureName=T.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,T.TZ,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}new class extends o{constructor(t){super(),p.gm?(this.features={},(0,m.bQ)(this.agentIdentifier,this),this.desiredFeatures=new Set(t.features||[]),this.desiredFeatures.add(A),this.runSoftNavOverSpa=[...this.desiredFeatures].some((e=>e.featureName===a.K7.softNav)),(0,l.j)(this,t,t.loaderType||"agent"),this.run()):(0,e.R)(21)}get config(){return{info:this.info,init:this.init,loader_config:this.loader_config,runtime:this.runtime}}run(){try{const t=u(this.agentIdentifier),r=[...this.desiredFeatures];r.sort(((e,t)=>a.P3[e.featureName]-a.P3[t.featureName])),r.forEach((r=>{if(!t[r.featureName]&&r.featureName!==a.K7.pageViewEvent)return;if(this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.spa)return;if(!this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.softNav)return;const n=function(e){switch(e){case a.K7.ajax:return[a.K7.jserrors];case a.K7.sessionTrace:return[a.K7.ajax,a.K7.pageViewEvent];case a.K7.sessionReplay:return[a.K7.sessionTrace];case a.K7.pageViewTiming:return[a.K7.pageViewEvent];default:return[]}}(r.featureName).filter((e=>!(e in this.features)));n.length>0&&(0,e.R)(36,{targetFeature:r.featureName,missingDependencies:n}),this.features[r.featureName]=new r(this)}))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(22,t);for(const e in this.features)this.features[e].abortHandler?.();const r=(0,m.Zm)();delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.api,delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.features,delete this.sharedAggregator;return r.ee.get(this.agentIdentifier).abort(),!1}}}({features:[A,k,j],loaderType:"lite"})})()})();</script> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /> <link rel="profile" href="https://gmpg.org/xfn/11" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/plugins/ai-osano-integration/assets/js/ai-osano-google-consent.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cmp.osano.com/AzZnfwU2Pyhgb5yy3/1dc7eeca-3d0c-402f-b6b7-6794f1a1f555/osano.js"></script> <style> .osano-cm-widget{display: none;} /* privacy policy link in modal */ a.osano-cm-storage-policy.osano-cm-content__link.osano-cm-link { color: #36EB9F; text-decoration: none; } /* generic button style */ .osano-cm-button { border: 0; border-radius: .4em !important; } /* add space below toggles */ .osano-cm-list__list-item { margin-bottom: .7em; } </style> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ const AI_OSANO = { 'drawerLinkSelector' : ".cookie-settings-link" }; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() { const osanoConsentLinks = document.querySelectorAll(AI_OSANO.drawerLinkSelector); osanoConsentLinks.forEach((link) => { link.addEventListener('click', function(e) { e.preventDefault(); Osano.cm.showDrawer('osano-cm-dom-info-dialog-open'); }); }); }); /* ]]> */ </script> <meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' /> <style>img:is([sizes="auto" i], [sizes^="auto," i]) { contain-intrinsic-size: 3000px 1500px }</style>  <script data-cfasync="false" data-pagespeed-no-defer> var gtm4wp_datalayer_name = "dataLayer"; var dataLayer = dataLayer || []; </script>   <title>Commentary Archives</title> <meta name="description" content="Commentary" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/commentary/" /> <link rel="next" href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/commentary/page/2/" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Commentary Archives" /> <meta property="og:description" content="Commentary" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/commentary/" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="POWER Magazine" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/fc_pwr_030120.jpg" /> <meta property="og:image:width" content="300" /> <meta property="og:image:height" content="400" /> <meta property="og:image:type" content="image/jpeg" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@POWERmagazine" /> <script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"CollectionPage","@id":"https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/commentary/","url":"https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/commentary/","name":"Commentary Archives","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://www.powermag.com/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/commentary/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/commentary/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/393757-scaled.jpg","description":"Commentary","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/commentary/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/commentary/#primaryimage","url":"https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/393757-scaled.jpg","contentUrl":"https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/393757-scaled.jpg","width":1280,"height":853,"caption":"The previously submitted lithium site photo was of Lagunas escondidas Baltinache, the salt blue lakes of Baltinache and Atacama salar flats in San Pedro de Atacama in Chile."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/commentary/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://www.powermag.com/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Commentary"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://www.powermag.com/#website","url":"https://www.powermag.com/","name":"POWER Magazine","description":"The power industry's trusted source for generation technology, O&M, and legal & regulatory news for coal, gas, nuclear, hydro, wind & solar power plants; power jobs","publisher":{"@id":"https://www.powermag.com/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://www.powermag.com/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://www.powermag.com/#organization","name":"POWER Magazine","url":"https://www.powermag.com/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://www.powermag.com/#/schema/logo/image/","url":"https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/powermag-opengraph-logo.png","contentUrl":"https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/powermag-opengraph-logo.png","width":1200,"height":630,"caption":"POWER Magazine"},"image":{"@id":"https://www.powermag.com/#/schema/logo/image/"},"sameAs":["https://www.facebook.com/POWERmagazine/?eid=ARCX-gcC19LD579joiuiyNgkMBBj7kFB4ULWl5E82dprwFaEPjW4gngACBc7s40NDsdYvmBn2_R35_59","https://x.com/POWERmagazine","https://www.instagram.com/power__magazine/","https://www.linkedin.com/company/powermagazine/?viewAsMember=true"]}]}</script>  <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//cdn.jsdelivr.net' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//apps.decisionbriefs.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//static.addtoany.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//cdn.parsely.com' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="POWER Magazine » Feed" href="https://www.powermag.com/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="text/calendar" title="POWER Magazine » iCal Feed" href="https://www.powermag.com/events/?ical=1" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="POWER Magazine » Commentary Category Feed" href="https://www.powermag.com/category/commentary/feed/" /> <script type="text/javascript" id="google-gpt" src="https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js" async="async"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ window.googletag = window.googletag || {cmd: []}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ function aiAdMgmtLogSlotStatus(slotId, state) { console.log("AI Ad Mgmt - Ad ID " + slotId + " " + state); } googletag.cmd.push(() => { googletag.pubads().addEventListener("slotRequested", (event) => { aiAdMgmtLogSlotStatus(event.slot.getSlotElementId(), "fetched"); }); googletag.pubads().addEventListener("slotOnload", (event) => { aiAdMgmtLogSlotStatus(event.slot.getSlotElementId(), "rendered"); }); }); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" id="olytics-js" src="https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/plugins/ai-ad-management/assets/js/olytics.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ googletag.cmd.push(function(){ googletag.pubads().setTargeting('path', '/category/commentary/').setTargeting('category', 'commentary'); }); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/plugins/ai-ad-management/assets/js/olytics.targeting.js?v=2.0.0"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var AIAD_e340f307442066367e6eb877f6c24111, AIAD_1d400c332b44ecd455f08f6d641fb6e1, AIAD_d842683168fa932a62836ab134a898d6, AIAD_b234fc535e6dbeed6d5ba16dec698db4, AIAD_2202ea9ff0b47cb15f4ba276fa2237b4, AIAD_09942de8bfab061a06c6318d8e4fa428, AIAD_0f110fd2d5d9aad5812fe29dc0781637, AIAD_50746085f23c9765ce101e084cd9c66b, AIAD_b199aebddee9634d9f133184ed994722, AIAD_99da8d65ed5d7fe628d1ee83f53ed883; googletag.cmd.push(function(){ var AIMAP_e02b89857b91a11b8be92fca409827ba = googletag.sizeMapping() .addSize([980, 100], [[970, 90], [970, 250]]) .addSize([730, 100], [728, 90]) .addSize([500, 100], [468, 60]) .addSize([0, 0], [320, 50]) .build(); AIAD_e340f307442066367e6eb877f6c24111 = googletag.defineSlot('/987/powermag.com/pwr-native-content', 'fluid', 'div-gpt-in-content-repeating').addService(googletag.pubads()); AIAD_1d400c332b44ecd455f08f6d641fb6e1 = googletag.defineSlot('/987/powermag.com/leaderboard2020', [ [970, 90], [728, 90], [970, 250], [468, 60], [320, 50] ], 'div-gpt-top-leaderboard').defineSizeMapping(AIMAP_e02b89857b91a11b8be92fca409827ba).setCollapseEmptyDiv(true).addService(googletag.pubads()); AIAD_d842683168fa932a62836ab134a898d6 = googletag.defineSlot('/987/powermag.com/medrectrightrail2020', [ [300, 600], [300, 250] ], 'div-gpt-medrectrightrail-0').setCollapseEmptyDiv(true).addService(googletag.pubads()); AIAD_b234fc535e6dbeed6d5ba16dec698db4 = googletag.defineSlot('/987/powermag.com/floaterleaderboard2020', [ [970, 90], [728, 90], [970, 250] ], 'div-gpt-floater-leaderboard').defineSizeMapping(AIMAP_e02b89857b91a11b8be92fca409827ba).setCollapseEmptyDiv(true).addService(googletag.pubads()); AIAD_2202ea9ff0b47cb15f4ba276fa2237b4 = googletag.defineSlot('/987/powermag.com/pwr-fluid2020', [ [1, 1], [1024, 768] ], 'div-gpt-fullscreen').setCollapseEmptyDiv(true).addService(googletag.pubads()); AIAD_09942de8bfab061a06c6318d8e4fa428 = googletag.defineSlot('/987/powermag.com/leaderboard728_new0620', [ [970, 90], [728, 90], [970, 250], [468, 60] ], 'div-gpt-leaderboard-728').defineSizeMapping(AIMAP_e02b89857b91a11b8be92fca409827ba).setCollapseEmptyDiv(true).addService(googletag.pubads()); AIAD_0f110fd2d5d9aad5812fe29dc0781637 = googletag.defineSlot('/987/powermag.com/superleaderboard2020', [ [970, 90], [728, 90], [970, 250], [468, 60] ], 'div-gpt-super-leaderboard').defineSizeMapping(AIMAP_e02b89857b91a11b8be92fca409827ba).setCollapseEmptyDiv(true).addService(googletag.pubads()); AIAD_50746085f23c9765ce101e084cd9c66b = googletag.defineSlot('/987/powermag.com/pwr-native-content', 'fluid', 'div-gpt-native').addService(googletag.pubads()); AIAD_b199aebddee9634d9f133184ed994722 = googletag.defineSlot('/987/powermag.com/power_primer_300x250', [300, 250], 'div-gpt-ad-1734905715581-0').addService(googletag.pubads()); AIAD_99da8d65ed5d7fe628d1ee83f53ed883 = googletag.defineSlot('/987/powermag.com/power_primer_728x90', [728, 90], 'div-gpt-ad-1734905858216-0').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.pubads().enableSingleRequest(); googletag.enableServices(); }); /* ]]> */ </script> <link rel='stylesheet' id='ai-addsearch-style-css' href='https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/addsearch-search-ui@0.8/dist/addsearch-search-ui.min.css?ver=2.0.9' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='ai-addsearch-custom-style-css' href='https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/plugins/ai-addsearch-integration/assets/css/ui.min.css?ver=2.0.9' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css' href='https://www.powermag.com/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='wp-parsely-recommendations-style-inline-css' type='text/css'> .parsely-recommendations-list-title{font-size:1.2em}.parsely-recommendations-list{list-style:none;padding:unset}.parsely-recommendations-cardbody{overflow:hidden;padding:.8em;text-overflow:ellipsis;white-space:nowrap}.parsely-recommendations-cardmedia{padding:.8em .8em 0} </style> <style id='classic-theme-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> /*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} </style> <style id='global-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> :root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;} :where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;} :where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;} :root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='som_lost_password_style-css' href='https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/plugins/frontend-reset-password/assets/css/password-lost.css' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='ai-social-sharing-css' href='https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/plugins/ai-social-sharing/assets/css/style.css?ver=1.0.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='ai-social-sharing-inline-css' type='text/css'> .ai-social-sharing .a2a_kit .a2a_svg { background-color: #1c3144 !important; } </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='theme-css-css' href='https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/themes/powermag-2023/assets/dist/theme.b969435cb903083a42e1.css' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='more-theme-css-css' href='https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/themes/powermag-2023/assets/style/theme.css?ver=1.0' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='ai-ad-olytics-style-css' href='https://olytics.omeda.com/olytics/css/v3/p/olytics.css?ver=2.0.0' type='text/css' media='all' /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/combine/npm/addsearch-js-client@0.8/dist/addsearch-js-client.min.js,npm/addsearch-search-ui@0.8/dist/addsearch-search-ui.min.js?ver=2.0.9" id="ai-addsearch-library-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.powermag.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.7.1" id="jquery-core-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.powermag.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=3.4.1" id="jquery-migrate-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/jquery.cookie@1.4.1/jquery.cookie.min.js?ver=1.4.1" id="jquery-cookie-js" defer="defer" data-wp-strategy="defer"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="ai_core_ip_check-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var AICoreIPAuth = {"ajax_url":"https:\/\/www.powermag.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","action":"ai_core_is_ip_authenticated","cachebuster_cookie_name":"NO_CACHE","ip_checked_cookie_name":"ai_core_ip_checked","nonce":{"name":"aicanonce","value":"8219efeffd"}}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/plugins/ai-core-ip-auth/js/ai-core-ip-check.js?ver=1.5.2" id="ai_core_ip_check-js" defer="defer" data-wp-strategy="defer"></script> <style> .som-password-error-message, .som-password-sent-message { background-color: #dd3333; border-color: #dd3333; } </style> <meta name="tec-api-version" content="v1"><meta name="tec-api-origin" content="https://www.powermag.com"><link rel="alternate" href="https://www.powermag.com/wp-json/tribe/events/v1/" />   <script data-cfasync="false" data-pagespeed-no-defer type="text/javascript"> var dataLayer_content = {"pageTitle":"Commentary Archives","pagePostType":"blog","pagePostType2":"category-blog","pageCategory":["commentary","sustainability","energy-storage-2","international"]}; dataLayer.push( dataLayer_content ); </script><script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ const aiAdMgmtOlytics = { "applicationId" : "powermag-main-site", "behaviorId" : "2238G5785912A4L" }; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/plugins/ai-ad-management/assets/js/olytics.tracking.js?v=2.0.0"></script> <script data-cfasync="false"> (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= '//www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-WWWKPH3'); </script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"WebPage","headline":"Commentary","url":"http:\/\/www.powermag.com\/category\/commentary\/"}</script><link rel="icon" href="https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/cropped-p-power-32x32.jpg" sizes="32x32" /> <link rel="icon" href="https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/cropped-p-power-192x192.jpg" sizes="192x192" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/cropped-p-power-180x180.jpg" /> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/cropped-p-power-270x270.jpg" /> <style type="text/css" id="wp-custom-css"> .tribe_events-template-default .tribe-events-event-image img { width: 500px; height: auto; margin: 0 auto; max-width: 80vw; } @media (min-width: 768px) { .leaderboard-ad { min-height: 100px; } } .slick-track, .slick-active { width: auto !important; } .wp-block-image.aligncenter, .wp-block-image.aligncenter>figcaption { display: block; } .wp-block-column { padding-left:10px; padding-right:10px } /* /template-parts/widgets/recommended.php */ .widget-recommended { background-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 1.5rem; } .widget-recommended .article-wrapper { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 1rem; } .widget-recommended .article { flex: 1 1 calc(50% - 1rem); min-width: 150px; } .widget-recommended .article-thumbnail { width: 100%; height: 175px; object-fit: cover; aspect-ratio: 16/9; } .widget-recommended .article-title { padding-top: 0.75rem; font-size: 1.1rem; } .widget-recommended .article:hover .article-thumbnail { opacity: 0.75; } .widget-recommended .article:hover .article-title { color: #ed1c24; } </style>  <meta name="google-site-verification" content="GT36o_ywMbkd3K_ZYOv1ibiLPt0UrK1JxoZZD6utf-4" />  </head> <body class="archive category category-commentary category-15 wp-embed-responsive tribe-no-js"> <div id="page" class="site"> <header id="site-header" role="banner" class="site-header"> </header>  <nav class="main-navigation navbar-nav sticky-top bg-light"> <div class="container-fluid"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://www.powermag.com"> <img class="site-logo" src="https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/themes/powermag-2023/assets/images/power-logo.svg" width="225" height="45" alt="POWER Magazine logo"> </a> <div class="d-none d-md-block"> <div class="slogan"> <span>News & Technology </span><span>for the Global Energy Industry</span> </div> <div class="categories-button" role="button" data-bs-toggle="modal" data-bs-target="#categories-modal"> Featured Categories <i class="fa-solid fa-square-caret-down"></i> </div> </div> <div> <div class="login-controls d-none d-md-inline-block"> <a class="btn btn-lg btn-danger px-2 py-1 px-lg-3 py-lg-2" href="/power-membership">Sign up</a> <a class="btn btn-lg btn-primary px-2 py-1 px-lg-3 py-lg-2" href="/login?redirect_to=https://www.powermag.com/blog/responsible-resource-development-the-path-to-sustainable-lithium/">Log In</a> </div> <span id="toggle-searchbar" class="toggle-addsearch-autocomplete d-lg-none" role="button" data-bs-scroll="true" data-bs-toggle="offcanvas" data-bs-target="#addsearch-autocomplete-offcanvas" aria-controls="navigation-hamburger" aria-label="Search"><i class="fa-solid fa-search"></i></span> <button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-bs-toggle="offcanvas" data-bs-target="#navigation-hamburger" aria-controls="navigation-hamburger"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"><span class="visually-hidden">Open Navigation</span><i class="fa-solid fa-bars fa-lg"></i></span> </button> </div> <div class="offcanvas offcanvas-end offcanvas-navigation" tabindex="-1" id="navigation-hamburger"> <div class="offcanvas-header my-3 justify-content-end"> <button type="button" class="btn-close btn-outline-secondary ms-3 me-2" data-bs-dismiss="offcanvas" aria-label="Close"></button> </div> <div class="offcanvas-body px-0 pb-0"> <div class="container-fluid px-4"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-7 navigation-left-column"> <div class="nav-section-header">PAGES</div> <ul id="menu-pages-menu-hamburger" class="navbar-nav nav-section"><li id="menu-item-148975" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom nav-item nav-item-148975"><a href="https://www.powermag.com/content-collection/power-media-kit-gated-2025/" class="nav-link ">Advertise / Media Kit</a></li> <li id="menu-item-42909" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom nav-item nav-item-42909"><a href="/issues/" class="nav-link ">Archives</a></li> <li id="menu-item-156595" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom nav-item nav-item-156595"><a href="/blog" class="nav-link ">Blog</a></li> <li id="menu-item-42913" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom nav-item nav-item-42913"><a href="/partner-content" class="nav-link ">BrandConnect</a></li> <li id="menu-item-178166" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom nav-item nav-item-178166"><a href="https://www.powermag.com/event/" class="nav-link ">Industry Events</a></li> <li id="menu-item-149047" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom nav-item nav-item-149047"><a href="http://fullscreen.powermag.com/?_ga=2.33244030.1947231862.1581287783-1613332836.1553100807" class="nav-link ">Interactive Features</a></li> <li id="menu-item-42915" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom nav-item nav-item-42915"><a href="https://www.powermag.com/careers-in-power" class="nav-link ">Jobs</a></li> <li id="menu-item-205520" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page nav-item nav-item-205520"><a href="https://www.powermag.com/e-letter-signup/" class="nav-link ">Newsletters</a></li> <li id="menu-item-148974" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148974"><a href="https://www.powermag.com/category/power-podcasts/" class="nav-link ">Podcasts</a></li> <li id="menu-item-149048" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom nav-item nav-item-149048"><a href="https://www.powermag.com/power-awards/" class="nav-link ">POWER Awards</a></li> <li id="menu-item-184096" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page nav-item nav-item-184096"><a href="https://www.powermag.com/power-plant-id/" class="nav-link ">POWER Plant ID</a></li> <li id="menu-item-156596" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom nav-item nav-item-156596"><a href="/press-releases" class="nav-link ">Press Releases</a></li> <li id="menu-item-42923" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom nav-item nav-item-42923"><a href="http://store.powermag.com/?limit=24" class="nav-link ">Store</a></li> <li id="menu-item-148973" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom nav-item nav-item-148973"><a href="/videos/" class="nav-link ">Videos</a></li> <li id="menu-item-42919" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom nav-item nav-item-42919"><a href="/webinars/" class="nav-link ">Webinars</a></li> <li id="menu-item-42917" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom nav-item nav-item-42917"><a href="https://www.powermag.com/partner-content/" class="nav-link ">White Papers</a></li> </ul> <div class="nav-section-header">CATEGORIES</div> <ul id="menu-categories-menu-hamburger" class="navbar-nav nav-section"><li id="menu-item-148989" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148989"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/biomass/" class="nav-link ">Biomass</a></li> <li id="menu-item-149006" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-149006"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/business/" class="nav-link ">Business</a></li> <li id="menu-item-148998" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148998"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/carbon-capture/" class="nav-link ">Carbon Capture</a></li> <li id="menu-item-149010" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-149010"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/climate-change/" class="nav-link ">Climate change</a></li> <li id="menu-item-148982" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148982"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/coal/" class="nav-link ">Coal</a></li> <li id="menu-item-148976" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148976"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/connected-plant/" class="nav-link ">Connected Plant</a></li> <li id="menu-item-149014" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-149014"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/courts/" class="nav-link ">Courts</a></li> <li id="menu-item-149001" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-149001"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/cybersecurity-2/" class="nav-link ">Cybersecurity</a></li> <li id="menu-item-227700" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-227700"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/data-centers/" class="nav-link ">Data Centers</a></li> <li id="menu-item-148997" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148997"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/distributed-generation/" class="nav-link ">Distributed Energy</a></li> <li id="menu-item-148980" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148980"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/distributed-power/" class="nav-link ">Distributed Power</a></li> <li id="menu-item-148978" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148978"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/electric-vehicles/" class="nav-link ">Electric Vehicles</a></li> <li id="menu-item-148996" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148996"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/energy-storage-2/" class="nav-link ">Energy Storage</a></li> <li id="menu-item-149009" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-149009"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/environmental/" class="nav-link ">Environmental</a></li> <li id="menu-item-149015" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-149015"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/finance/" class="nav-link ">Finance</a></li> <li id="menu-item-148979" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148979"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/fuel/" class="nav-link ">Fuel</a></li> <li id="menu-item-148986" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148986"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/fuel-cells/" class="nav-link ">Fuel Cells</a></li> <li id="menu-item-148983" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148983"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/gas/" class="nav-link ">Gas</a></li> <li id="menu-item-148992" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148992"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/geothermal/" class="nav-link ">Geothermal</a></li> <li id="menu-item-149017" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-149017"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/hr/" class="nav-link ">HR</a></li> <li id="menu-item-148988" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148988"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/hydro/" class="nav-link ">Hydro</a></li> <li id="menu-item-148981" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148981"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/hydrogen/" class="nav-link ">Hydrogen</a></li> <li id="menu-item-148977" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148977"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/iiot/" class="nav-link ">IIOT</a></li> <li id="menu-item-149008" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-149008"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/instrumentation-controls/" class="nav-link ">Instrumentation & Controls</a></li> <li id="menu-item-149005" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-149005"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/international/" class="nav-link ">International</a></li> <li id="menu-item-149013" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-149013"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/legal-regulatory/" class="nav-link ">Legal & Regulatory</a></li> <li id="menu-item-149012" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-149012"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/legislative/" class="nav-link ">Legislative</a></li> <li id="menu-item-149011" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-149011"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/markets/" class="nav-link ">Markets</a></li> <li id="menu-item-149018" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-149018"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/marmaduke/" class="nav-link ">Marmaduke</a></li> <li id="menu-item-148984" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148984"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/nuclear/" class="nav-link ">Nuclear</a></li> <li id="menu-item-148987" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148987"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/oceanmarine/" class="nav-link ">Ocean/Marine</a></li> <li id="menu-item-149019" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-149019"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/om/" class="nav-link ">O&M</a></li> <li id="menu-item-149002" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-149002"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/physical-security/" class="nav-link ">Physical security</a></li> <li id="menu-item-149020" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-149020"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/plant-design/" class="nav-link ">Plant Design</a></li> <li id="menu-item-149003" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-149003"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/power-demand/" class="nav-link ">Power Demand</a></li> <li id="menu-item-148985" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148985"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/renewables/" class="nav-link ">Renewables</a></li> <li id="menu-item-149004" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-149004"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/research-and-development/" class="nav-link ">Research and Development</a></li> <li id="menu-item-149000" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-149000"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/safety/" class="nav-link ">Safety</a></li> <li id="menu-item-149021" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-149021"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/smart-grid/" class="nav-link ">Smart Grid</a></li> <li id="menu-item-148990" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148990"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/solar/" class="nav-link ">Solar</a></li> <li id="menu-item-149022" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-149022"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/supply-chains/" class="nav-link ">Supply Chains</a></li> <li id="menu-item-148994" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148994"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/synfuel/" class="nav-link ">Synfuel</a></li> <li id="menu-item-149007" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-149007"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/technology-2/" class="nav-link ">Technology</a></li> <li id="menu-item-148993" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148993"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/tidal-power/" class="nav-link ">Tidal Power</a></li> <li id="menu-item-149016" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-149016"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/top-plant/" class="nav-link ">Top Plant</a></li> <li id="menu-item-149023" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-149023"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/td/" class="nav-link ">T&D</a></li> <li id="menu-item-148995" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148995"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/waste-to-energy/" class="nav-link ">Waste to Energy</a></li> <li id="menu-item-149024" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-149024"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/water/" class="nav-link ">Water</a></li> <li id="menu-item-148991" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148991"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/wind/" class="nav-link ">Wind</a></li> <li id="menu-item-148999" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148999"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/workforce/" class="nav-link ">Workforce</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-5 navigation-right-column"> <div class="sticky-top"> <a class="btn btn-primary" href="/login?redirect_to=https://www.powermag.com/blog/responsible-resource-development-the-path-to-sustainable-lithium/">Log In</a> <div class="widget-current-issue position-navigation"> <div class="section-heading">Current POWER Magazine Issue</div> <a class="issue-cta" href="https://www.powermag.com/issues/power-01022025/"> <img src="https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/themes/powermag-2023/assets/images/group319.png" width="80" height="55" alt="View the latest issue on all your devices" /> <div class="issue-date"> <span>Issue </span>| Jan 2  <i class="fa-solid fa-chevron-right"></i> </div> </a> </div> <div class="widget-start-subscription position-navigation my-4 my-md-0"> <div class="btn-wrapper"> <p class="we-are-first fw-normal fs-6"><i>POWER</i> is at the forefront of the global power market, providing in-depth news and insight on the end-to-end electricity system and the ongoing energy transition. We strive to be the “go-to” resource for power professionals, offering a wealth of information on innovative business practices, sound safety measures, useful productivity enhancements, and much more.</p> <a class="btn" href="https://www.powermag.com/power-membership/"> Start your subscription </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container-fullwidth hamburger-footer px-4 pb-1 pb-md-5"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-12"> <div class="footer-nav-links"> <ul id="menu-footer-links" class="navbar-nav nav-section"><li id="menu-item-213927" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page nav-item nav-item-213927"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/about-us/" class="nav-link ">About POWER</a></li> <li id="menu-item-213928" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page nav-item nav-item-213928"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/contact-us/" class="nav-link ">Contact Us</a></li> <li id="menu-item-213929" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page nav-item nav-item-213929"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/privacy-policy-terms-conditions/" class="nav-link ">Privacy Policy</a></li> <li id="menu-item-218948" class="cookie-settings-link menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom nav-item nav-item-218948"><a href="#" class="nav-link ">Cookie Settings</a></li> <li id="menu-item-213930" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom nav-item nav-item-213930"><a href="https://www.accessintel.com/diversity-inclusion-and-equity/" class="nav-link ">Diversity, Equity, Inclusion & Belonging</a></li> <li id="menu-item-213931" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom nav-item nav-item-213931"><a href="https://www.accessintel.com/accessibility-statement/" class="nav-link ">Accessibility Statement</a></li> <li id="menu-item-213932" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page nav-item nav-item-213932"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/sitemap/" class="nav-link ">Site Map</a></li> </ul> <div class="copyright">© 2025<a href="https://www.accessintel.com/"> Access Intelligence</a>, LLC - All Rights Reserved.</div> <div id="ai_ad_widget-4" class="text-center widget widget_ai_ad_widget"> <div id="div-gpt-floater-leaderboard"> <script>googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-floater-leaderboard'); });</script> </div> </div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="nav-featured-items px-3"> <ul id="menu-horizontal-cat" class="navbar-nav featured-links"><li id="menu-item-184097" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page nav-item nav-item-184097"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/power-plant-id/" class="nav-link ">POWER Plant ID</a></li> <li id="menu-item-177994" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-tribe_events_cat nav-item nav-item-177994"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/events/category/power-events/" class="nav-link ">POWER Events</a></li> <li id="menu-item-148967" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148967"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/nuclear/" class="nav-link ">Nuclear</a></li> <li id="menu-item-148966" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148966"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/gas/" class="nav-link ">Gas</a></li> <li id="menu-item-227698" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-227698"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/solar/" class="nav-link ">Solar</a></li> <li id="menu-item-227697" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-227697"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/wind/" class="nav-link ">Wind</a></li> <li id="menu-item-227696" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-227696"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/td/" class="nav-link ">T&D</a></li> <li id="menu-item-148972" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148972"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/om/" class="nav-link ">O&M</a></li> <li id="menu-item-227699" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-227699"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/technology-2/" class="nav-link ">Technology</a></li> <li id="menu-item-148971" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148971"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/distributed-generation/" class="nav-link ">Distributed Energy</a></li> <li id="menu-item-227695" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-227695"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/data-centers/" class="nav-link ">Data Centers</a></li> </ul> <div class="d-flex"> <div class="categories-button" role="button" data-bs-toggle="modal" data-bs-target="#categories-modal"> <span class="visually-hidden">Categories</span><i class="fa-solid fa-square-caret-down"></i> </div> <div class="mx-2"> | </div> <span id="toggle-searchbar" role="button" data-bs-toggle="offcanvas" data-bs-target="#addsearch-autocomplete-offcanvas" aria-controls="addsearch-autocomplete-offcanvas" aria-label="Search"><i class="fa-solid fa-search"></i></span> </div> </div>  <div class="offcanvas offcanvas-end offcanvas-navigation" tabindex="-1" id="addsearch-autocomplete-offcanvas"> <div class="offcanvas-header my-3 justify-content-end"> <button type="button" class="btn-close btn-outline-secondary ms-3 me-2" data-bs-dismiss="offcanvas" aria-label="Close"></button> </div> <div class="offcanvas-body"> <div class="adds-components"> <div class="adds-top-wrapper">  <div id="global-searchfield-container"></div>  <div id="global-autocomplete-container"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="ai_ad_widget-5" class="widget widget_ai_ad_widget"> <div id="div-gpt-fullscreen"> <script>googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-fullscreen'); });</script> </div> </div> <div id="ai_ad_widget-2" class="py-1 mt-3 d-flex align-items-center justify-content-center leaderboard-ad widget widget_ai_ad_widget"> <div id="div-gpt-top-leaderboard"> <script>googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-top-leaderboard'); });</script> </div> </div> <div class="categories-modal modal fade" id="categories-modal" aria-labelledby="categories-modal-header" tabindex="-1"> <div class="modal-dialog modal-lg"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header "> <span class="modal-title" id="categories-modal-header">Category</span> <button type="button" class="btn-close" data-bs-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"></button> </div> <div class="modal-body pb-4"> <ul id="menu-categories-menu-hamburger-1" class="navbar-nav me-auto mb-2 mb-md-0 nav-section"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148989"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/biomass/" class="nav-link ">Biomass</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-149006"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/business/" class="nav-link ">Business</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148998"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/carbon-capture/" class="nav-link ">Carbon Capture</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-149010"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/climate-change/" class="nav-link ">Climate change</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148982"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/coal/" class="nav-link ">Coal</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148976"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/connected-plant/" class="nav-link ">Connected Plant</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-149014"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/courts/" class="nav-link ">Courts</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-149001"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/cybersecurity-2/" class="nav-link ">Cybersecurity</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-227700"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/data-centers/" class="nav-link ">Data Centers</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148997"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/distributed-generation/" class="nav-link ">Distributed Energy</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148980"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/distributed-power/" class="nav-link ">Distributed Power</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148978"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/electric-vehicles/" class="nav-link ">Electric Vehicles</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148996"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/energy-storage-2/" class="nav-link ">Energy Storage</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-149009"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/environmental/" class="nav-link ">Environmental</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-149015"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/finance/" class="nav-link ">Finance</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148979"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/fuel/" class="nav-link ">Fuel</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148986"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/fuel-cells/" class="nav-link ">Fuel Cells</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148983"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/gas/" class="nav-link ">Gas</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148992"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/geothermal/" class="nav-link ">Geothermal</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-149017"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/hr/" class="nav-link ">HR</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148988"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/hydro/" class="nav-link ">Hydro</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148981"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/hydrogen/" class="nav-link ">Hydrogen</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148977"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/iiot/" class="nav-link ">IIOT</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-149008"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/instrumentation-controls/" class="nav-link ">Instrumentation & Controls</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-149005"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/international/" class="nav-link ">International</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-149013"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/legal-regulatory/" class="nav-link ">Legal & Regulatory</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-149012"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/legislative/" class="nav-link ">Legislative</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-149011"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/markets/" class="nav-link ">Markets</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-149018"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/marmaduke/" class="nav-link ">Marmaduke</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148984"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/nuclear/" class="nav-link ">Nuclear</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148987"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/oceanmarine/" class="nav-link ">Ocean/Marine</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-149019"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/om/" class="nav-link ">O&M</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-149002"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/physical-security/" class="nav-link ">Physical security</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-149020"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/plant-design/" class="nav-link ">Plant Design</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-149003"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/power-demand/" class="nav-link ">Power Demand</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148985"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/renewables/" class="nav-link ">Renewables</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-149004"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/research-and-development/" class="nav-link ">Research and Development</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-149000"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/safety/" class="nav-link ">Safety</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-149021"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/smart-grid/" class="nav-link ">Smart Grid</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148990"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/solar/" class="nav-link ">Solar</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-149022"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/supply-chains/" class="nav-link ">Supply Chains</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148994"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/synfuel/" class="nav-link ">Synfuel</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-149007"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/technology-2/" class="nav-link ">Technology</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148993"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/tidal-power/" class="nav-link ">Tidal Power</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-149016"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/top-plant/" class="nav-link ">Top Plant</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-149023"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/td/" class="nav-link ">T&D</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148995"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/waste-to-energy/" class="nav-link ">Waste to Energy</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-149024"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/water/" class="nav-link ">Water</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148991"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/wind/" class="nav-link ">Wind</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nav-item nav-item-148999"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/category/workforce/" class="nav-link ">Workforce</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="modal-footer px-4"> <div class="footer-nav-links"> <ul id="menu-footer-links" class="navbar-nav nav-section"><li id="menu-item-213927" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page nav-item nav-item-213927"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/about-us/" class="nav-link ">About POWER</a></li> <li id="menu-item-213928" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page nav-item nav-item-213928"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/contact-us/" class="nav-link ">Contact Us</a></li> <li id="menu-item-213929" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page nav-item nav-item-213929"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/privacy-policy-terms-conditions/" class="nav-link ">Privacy Policy</a></li> <li id="menu-item-218948" class="cookie-settings-link menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom nav-item nav-item-218948"><a href="#" class="nav-link ">Cookie Settings</a></li> <li id="menu-item-213930" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom nav-item nav-item-213930"><a href="https://www.accessintel.com/diversity-inclusion-and-equity/" class="nav-link ">Diversity, Equity, Inclusion & Belonging</a></li> <li id="menu-item-213931" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom nav-item nav-item-213931"><a href="https://www.accessintel.com/accessibility-statement/" class="nav-link ">Accessibility Statement</a></li> <li id="menu-item-213932" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page nav-item nav-item-213932"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/sitemap/" class="nav-link ">Site Map</a></li> </ul> <div class="copyright">© 2025<a href="https://www.accessintel.com/"> Access Intelligence</a>, LLC - All Rights Reserved.</div> <div id="ai_ad_widget-4" class="text-center widget widget_ai_ad_widget"> <div id="div-gpt-floater-leaderboard"> <script>googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-floater-leaderboard'); });</script> </div> </div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div>  <div id="page-wrapper"> <main role="main"> <section class="container-fluid"> <div class="row justify-content-between"> <aside class="col-lg-3 pe-lg-4 order-3 order-lg-1 pb-4"> <div class="widget-start-subscription position-sidebar my-4 my-md-0"> <div class="pb-3 mb-3 border-bottom"> <h1 class="h6 fw-bold mt-0 text-uppercase">Follow Us</h1> <ul class="social-media-links border-0 m-0 p-0"> <li> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/POWERmagazine"> <span class="visually-hidden">Facebook</span> <i class="fa-brands fa-facebook-f"></i> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://twitter.com/POWERmagazine"> <span class="visually-hidden">Twitter</span> <i class="fa-brands fa-x-twitter"></i> </a> </li> <li> <a href="http://www.linkedin.com/groups?gid=4270601&trk=myg_ugrp_ovr"> <span class="visually-hidden">LinkedIn</span> <i class="fa-brands fa-linkedin"></i> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="btn-wrapper"> <p class="we-are-first fw-normal fs-6"><i>POWER</i> is at the forefront of the global power market, providing in-depth news and insight on the end-to-end electricity system and the ongoing energy transition. We strive to be the “go-to” resource for power professionals, offering a wealth of information on innovative business practices, sound safety measures, useful productivity enhancements, and much more.</p> <a class="btn" href="https://www.powermag.com/power-membership/"> Start your subscription </a> </div> </div> </aside> <div class="col-lg-6 order-1 order-lg-2 pb-4"> <h1 class="archive-title"> Commentary </h1> <div class="archive-wrapper row"> <div class="archive-description"><p>Diverse views on current and perennial power industry issues from guest commentators: power generation technologies, legislation, policy, economics</p> </div> <article class="story-card "> <a class="story-title" href="https://www.powermag.com/blog/responsible-resource-development-the-path-to-sustainable-lithium/">Responsible Resource Development: The Path to Sustainable Lithium</a> <div class="story-card__byline d-flex align-items-center"> <img src="https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/screenshot-2025-02-14-at-104706am.png" alt=""> <p class="byline"> by <a href="https://www.powermag.com/author/henk-van-alphen/" class="story-author text-capitalize fw-bold"> Henk van Alphen </a> | <span class="story-date fw-bold">February 14, 2025</span> </p> </div> <div class="story-card__featured-img py-3"> <img width="1280" height="853" src="https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/393757-scaled.jpg" class="attachment-thumbnail-latest-news size-thumbnail-latest-news wp-post-image" alt="Responsible Resource Development: The Path to Sustainable Lithium" decoding="async" fetchpriority="high" srcset="https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/393757-scaled.jpg 1280w, https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/393757-300x200.jpg 300w, https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/393757-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/393757-768x512.jpg 768w, https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/393757-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/393757-2048x1365.jpg 2048w" sizes="(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px" /> </div> <p class="content"> As the global community shifts toward renewable energy, electric mobility, and sustainable practices, lithium has emerged as a cornerstone of this transition. Lithium-ion batteries power electric vehicles (EVs) that are… </p> <hr class="line-divider"> </article> <script>var AIAD_50746085f23c9765ce101e084cd9c66b_67af8d0cebf33; googletag.cmd.push(function(){ var AIMAP_e02b89857b91a11b8be92fca409827ba = googletag.sizeMapping() .addSize([980, 100], [[970, 90], [970, 250]]) .addSize([730, 100], [728, 90]) .addSize([500, 100], [468, 60]) .addSize([0, 0], [320, 50]) .build(); AIAD_50746085f23c9765ce101e084cd9c66b_67af8d0cebf33 = googletag.defineSlot('/987/powermag.com/pwr-native-content', 'fluid', 'div-gpt-native-67af8d0cebf34').addService(googletag.pubads()); });</script><div class="widget widget_ai_ad_widget"> <div id="div-gpt-native-67af8d0cebf34"> <script>googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-native-67af8d0cebf34'); });</script> </div> </div> <hr class="line-divider" /> <article class="story-card "> <a class="story-title" href="https://www.powermag.com/why-forecast-accuracy-makes-or-breaks-power-suppliers-in-todays-market/">Why Forecast Accuracy Makes or Breaks Power Suppliers in Today’s Market</a> <div class="story-card__byline d-flex align-items-center"> <img src="https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/ian-palao.png" alt=""> <p class="byline"> by <a href="https://www.powermag.com/author/ian-palao/" class="story-author text-capitalize fw-bold"> Ian Palao </a> | <span class="story-date fw-bold">February 14, 2025</span> </p> </div> <div class="story-card__featured-img py-3"> <img width="600" height="450" src="https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/figure-3-frozen-power-lines.jpg" class="attachment-thumbnail-latest-news size-thumbnail-latest-news wp-post-image" alt="Why Forecast Accuracy Makes or Breaks Power Suppliers in Today’s Market" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/figure-3-frozen-power-lines.jpg 600w, https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/figure-3-frozen-power-lines-300x225.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px" /> </div> <p class="content"> Between plummeting temperatures and surging demand, the record-breaking Arctic blast that swept across the Northeast in January put power suppliers to the test. Their success in managing the volatility traces… </p> <hr class="line-divider"> </article> <article class="story-card "> <a class="story-title" href="https://www.powermag.com/how-utilities-can-activate-data-to-improve-asset-management/">How Utilities Can Activate Data to Improve Asset Management</a> <div class="story-card__byline d-flex align-items-center"> <img src="https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/vikhyat-chaudhry.png" alt=""> <p class="byline"> by <a href="https://www.powermag.com/author/vikhyat-chaudhry/" class="story-author text-capitalize fw-bold"> Vikhyat Chaudhry </a> | <span class="story-date fw-bold">February 12, 2025</span> </p> </div> <div class="story-card__featured-img py-3"> <img width="600" height="337" src="https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/fig-1_equipment-sensors_web.jpg" class="attachment-thumbnail-latest-news size-thumbnail-latest-news wp-post-image" alt="How Utilities Can Activate Data to Improve Asset Management" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/fig-1_equipment-sensors_web.jpg 600w, https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/fig-1_equipment-sensors_web-300x169.jpg 300w, https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/fig-1_equipment-sensors_web-213x120.jpg 213w" sizes="(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px" /> </div> <p class="content"> Nearly every utility in the world has embarked on their own journey of digital transformation, using data to help make processes faster and more efficient. Traditionally, utility data has been… </p> <hr class="line-divider"> </article> <article class="story-card "> <a class="story-title" href="https://www.powermag.com/blog/bess-decommissioning-and-end-of-life-planning-why-care-today/">BESS Decommissioning and End-of-Life Planning: Why Care Today?</a> <div class="story-card__byline d-flex align-items-center"> <img src="https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/maxim-khabur.png" alt=""> <p class="byline"> by <a href="https://www.powermag.com/author/maximkhabur/" class="story-author text-capitalize fw-bold"> Maxim Khabur </a> | <span class="story-date fw-bold">February 11, 2025</span> </p> </div> <p class="content"> As renewable energy generation continues to grow, the use of battery energy storage systems (BESS) in solar farms has become increasingly important for stabilizing the grid and enabling the integration… </p> <hr class="line-divider"> </article> <article class="story-card "> <a class="story-title" href="https://www.powermag.com/creating-a-successful-utility-workforce-succession-plan/">Creating a Successful Utility Workforce Succession Plan</a> <div class="story-card__byline d-flex align-items-center"> <img src="https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/caitlin-humrickhouse.jpg" alt=""> <p class="byline"> by <a href="https://www.powermag.com/author/caitlin-humrickhouse/" class="story-author text-capitalize fw-bold"> Caitlin Humrickhouse </a> | <span class="story-date fw-bold">February 10, 2025</span> </p> </div> <div class="story-card__featured-img py-3"> <img width="740" height="494" src="https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/executive-succession-plan-envato.jpg" class="attachment-thumbnail-latest-news size-thumbnail-latest-news wp-post-image" alt="Creating a Successful Utility Workforce Succession Plan" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/executive-succession-plan-envato.jpg 740w, https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/executive-succession-plan-envato-300x200.jpg 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 740px) 100vw, 740px" /> </div> <p class="content"> Succession planning is a priority in the utility industry as an aging workforce, changing technologies, and turnover reshape the sector. The utility sector faces unique challenges, striving for seamless transfers… </p> <hr class="line-divider"> </article> <article class="story-card "> <a class="story-title" href="https://www.powermag.com/demonstrating-electricity-value-customer-satisfaction-as-a-utility-business-strategy/">Demonstrating Electricity Value: Customer Satisfaction as a Utility Business Strategy</a> <div class="story-card__byline d-flex align-items-center"> <img src="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/sandra-ericson.png" alt=""> <p class="byline"> by <a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/author/sandra-ericson/" class="story-author text-capitalize fw-bold"> Sandra Ericson </a> | <span class="story-date fw-bold">February 7, 2025</span> </p> </div> <div class="story-card__featured-img py-3"> <img width="1280" height="722" src="https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/houseofsavings-scaled.jpg" class="attachment-thumbnail-latest-news size-thumbnail-latest-news wp-post-image" alt="Demonstrating Electricity Value: Customer Satisfaction as a Utility Business Strategy" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/houseofsavings-scaled.jpg 1280w, https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/houseofsavings-300x169.jpg 300w, https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/houseofsavings-1024x578.jpg 1024w, https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/houseofsavings-768x433.jpg 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px" /> </div> <p class="content"> Like many other household goods, the average monthly residential electric bill in the U.S. continues to increase. In 2024, bills hit an average of $182, an 8% increase over the… </p> <hr class="line-divider"> </article> <article class="story-card "> <a class="story-title" href="https://www.powermag.com/its-time-to-think-differently-about-energy-storage-and-californias-power-grid/">It’s Time to Think Differently About Energy Storage and California’s Power Grid</a> <div class="story-card__byline d-flex align-items-center"> <img src="https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/doug-poffinbarger.jpeg" alt=""> <p class="byline"> by <a href="https://www.powermag.com/author/doug-poffinbarger/" class="story-author text-capitalize fw-bold"> Doug Poffinbarger </a> | <span class="story-date fw-bold">February 7, 2025</span> </p> </div> <div class="story-card__featured-img py-3"> <img width="720" height="356" src="https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/fig2-wind-solar-battery-energy-storage-shutterstock.jpg" class="attachment-thumbnail-latest-news size-thumbnail-latest-news wp-post-image" alt="It’s Time to Think Differently About Energy Storage and California’s Power Grid" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/fig2-wind-solar-battery-energy-storage-shutterstock.jpg 720w, https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/fig2-wind-solar-battery-energy-storage-shutterstock-300x148.jpg 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px" /> </div> <p class="content"> With nearly 60% of the state’s electricity generated from solar, wind, and geothermal energy, California is well past the halfway mark to its goal of 100% renewable power generation by… </p> <hr class="line-divider"> </article> <article class="story-card "> <a class="story-title" href="https://www.powermag.com/a-renewed-vision-for-the-energy-grid-turning-challenges-into-opportunities/">A Renewed Vision for the Energy Grid: Turning Challenges into Opportunities</a> <div class="story-card__byline d-flex align-items-center"> <img src="https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/thomas-kiessling-siemens.jpg" alt=""> <p class="byline"> by <a href="https://www.powermag.com/author/thomas-kiessling/" class="story-author text-capitalize fw-bold"> Thomas Kiessling </a> | <span class="story-date fw-bold">February 6, 2025</span> </p> </div> <div class="story-card__featured-img py-3"> <img width="740" height="493" src="https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/electric-substation-power-grid-envato.jpg" class="attachment-thumbnail-latest-news size-thumbnail-latest-news wp-post-image" alt="A Renewed Vision for the Energy Grid: Turning Challenges into Opportunities" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/electric-substation-power-grid-envato.jpg 740w, https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/electric-substation-power-grid-envato-300x200.jpg 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 740px) 100vw, 740px" /> </div> <p class="content"> As the world accelerates toward an electrified future driven by renewable energy, electric vehicles (EVs), and industrial electrification, energy distribution grids face unprecedented challenges. From grid overloads and delays in connecting distributed… </p> <hr class="line-divider"> </article> <article class="story-card "> <a class="story-title" href="https://www.powermag.com/going-nuclear-why-ai-will-lead-the-next-energy-transition/">Going Nuclear: Why AI Will Lead the Next Energy Transition</a> <div class="story-card__byline d-flex align-items-center"> <img src="https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/chris-yoko.png" alt=""> <p class="byline"> by <a href="https://www.powermag.com/author/chris-yoko/" class="story-author text-capitalize fw-bold"> Chris Yoko </a> | <span class="story-date fw-bold">February 4, 2025</span> </p> </div> <div class="story-card__featured-img py-3"> <img width="740" height="416" src="https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/artificial-intelligence-ai-and-machine-learning-2023-05-21-04-30-02-utc-1.jpg" class="attachment-thumbnail-latest-news size-thumbnail-latest-news wp-post-image" alt="Going Nuclear: Why AI Will Lead the Next Energy Transition" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/artificial-intelligence-ai-and-machine-learning-2023-05-21-04-30-02-utc-1.jpg 740w, https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/artificial-intelligence-ai-and-machine-learning-2023-05-21-04-30-02-utc-1-300x169.jpg 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 740px) 100vw, 740px" /> </div> <p class="content"> As policies and regulations are adjusted to reflect a new presidential administration, the U.S. needs to unleash its full energy potential by embracing nuclear power. With opinions and regulations historically… </p> <hr class="line-divider"> </article> <article class="story-card "> <a class="story-title" href="https://www.powermag.com/could-space-solar-power-play-a-key-role-in-disaster-relief/">Could Space Solar Power Play a Key Role in Disaster Relief?</a> <div class="story-card__byline d-flex align-items-center"> <img src="https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/srikanth-headshot.jpg" alt=""> <p class="byline"> by <a href="https://www.powermag.com/author/srikanth-raviprasad/" class="story-author text-capitalize fw-bold"> Srikanth Raviprasad </a> | <span class="story-date fw-bold">February 4, 2025</span> </p> </div> <div class="story-card__featured-img py-3"> <img width="740" height="423" src="https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/space-based-solar-power-sbsp-ssp-disaster-relief-sff.png" class="attachment-thumbnail-latest-news size-thumbnail-latest-news wp-post-image" alt="Could Space Solar Power Play a Key Role in Disaster Relief?" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/space-based-solar-power-sbsp-ssp-disaster-relief-sff.png 740w, https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/space-based-solar-power-sbsp-ssp-disaster-relief-sff-300x171.png 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 740px) 100vw, 740px" /> </div> <p class="content"> The Los Angeles wildfires of January 2025 highlight a critical vulnerability in disaster response: power failure. With insured losses potentially reaching $45 billion and more than 170,000 residents displaced, reliable… </p> <hr class="line-divider"> </article> <div class="archive-pagination"> <nav aria-label="Pagination"> <ul class="pagination d-flex justify-content-center"> <li class="page-item"><span aria-active="page" class="page-link active">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://www.powermag.com/category/commentary/page/2/">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://www.powermag.com/category/commentary/page/3/">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><span class="page-link dots">…</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://www.powermag.com/category/commentary/page/88/">88</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="next page-link" href="https://www.powermag.com/category/commentary/page/2/">Next »</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <aside class="col-lg-3 ps-lg-4 order-2 order-lg-3 pb-4"> <div class="widget-top-videos position-sidebar"> <div class="section-heading h3">Top Videos</div> <div class="videos-wrapper"> <a class="video" href="https://www.powermag.com/videos/february-2025-special-report-preview/"> <div class="video-thumbnail"> <div class="fa-solid fa-2x fa-play"></div> <img width="150" height="150" src="https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/screenshot-2025-02-13-at-113558am-150x150.jpg" class="attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-post-image" alt="Screenshot 2025-02-13 at 11.35.58 AM" decoding="async" loading="lazy" /> </div> <div class="article-title">February 2025 Special Report Preview</div> </a> </div> <div class="text-end aside-line mt-2 mb-4"> <a href="https://www.powermag.com/videos">See more Videos</a> </div> </div> <div class="widget-ad sticky-top"> <script>var AIAD_d842683168fa932a62836ab134a898d6_67af8d0cefd49; googletag.cmd.push(function(){ var AIMAP_e02b89857b91a11b8be92fca409827ba = googletag.sizeMapping() .addSize([980, 100], [[970, 90], [970, 250]]) .addSize([730, 100], [728, 90]) .addSize([500, 100], [468, 60]) .addSize([0, 0], [320, 50]) .build(); AIAD_d842683168fa932a62836ab134a898d6_67af8d0cefd49 = googletag.defineSlot('/987/powermag.com/medrectrightrail2020', [ [300, 600], [300, 250] ], 'div-gpt-medrectrightrail-0-67af8d0cefd4a').setCollapseEmptyDiv(true).addService(googletag.pubads()); });</script><div class="text-center widget widget_ai_ad_widget"> <div id="div-gpt-medrectrightrail-0-67af8d0cefd4a" style="min-height:250px;" > <script>googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-medrectrightrail-0-67af8d0cefd4a'); });</script> </div> </div> </div> </aside> </div> </section> </main> </div> <footer id="colophon" class="site-footer"> <div class="widget-start-subscription position-horizontal-bar my-4 my-md-0"> <div class="btn-wrapper"> <p class="we-are-first fw-normal fs-6"><i>POWER</i> is at the forefront of the global power market, providing in-depth news and insight on the end-to-end electricity system and the ongoing energy transition. We strive to be the “go-to” resource for power professionals, offering a wealth of information on innovative business practices, sound safety measures, useful productivity enhancements, and much more.</p> <a class="btn" href="https://www.powermag.com/power-membership/"> Subscribe Today! </a> </div> </div> <div class="container-fluid"> <div class="row mt-md-2 gy-4 mx-2"> <div class="col-md-4"> <div class="widget-start-subscription position-footer my-4 my-md-0"> <div class="pb-3 mb-3 border-bottom"> <h1 class="h6 fw-bold mt-0 text-uppercase">Follow Us</h1> <ul class="social-media-links border-0 m-0 p-0"> <li> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/POWERmagazine"> <span class="visually-hidden">Facebook</span> <i class="fa-brands fa-facebook-f"></i> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://twitter.com/POWERmagazine"> <span class="visually-hidden">Twitter</span> <i class="fa-brands fa-x-twitter"></i> </a> </li> <li> <a href="http://www.linkedin.com/groups?gid=4270601&trk=myg_ugrp_ovr"> <span class="visually-hidden">LinkedIn</span> <i class="fa-brands fa-linkedin"></i> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="btn-wrapper"> <p class="we-are-first fw-normal fs-6"><i>POWER</i> is at the forefront of the global power market, providing in-depth news and insight on the end-to-end electricity system and the ongoing energy transition. We strive to be the “go-to” resource for power professionals, offering a wealth of information on innovative business practices, sound safety measures, useful productivity enhancements, and much more.</p> <a class="btn" href="https://www.powermag.com/power-membership/"> Start your subscription </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-4"> <div class="widget-top-videos position-footer"> <div class="videos-wrapper"> <div class="mb-2 ratio ratio-4x3"> <iframe loading="lazy" title="February 2025 Special Report Preview" width="200" height="150" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/3S-XL5dv0uM" srcdoc="<style>*{padding:0;margin:0;overflow:hidden}html,body{height:100%}img,span{position:absolute;width:100%;height:100%;top:0;bottom:0;margin:auto}span{height:1.5em;text-align:center;font:48px/1.5 sans-serif;color:white;text-shadow:0 0 0.5em black}</style><a href='https://www.youtube.com/embed/3S-XL5dv0uM?autoplay=1'><img width='1000' height='750' src='https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/screenshot-2025-02-13-at-113558am.jpg' class='attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image' alt='Screenshot 2025-02-13 at 11.35.58 AM' decoding='async' loading='lazy' srcset='https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/screenshot-2025-02-13-at-113558am.jpg 1000w, https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/screenshot-2025-02-13-at-113558am-300x225.jpg 300w, https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/screenshot-2025-02-13-at-113558am-768x576.jpg 768w' sizes='auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px' /><span>▶</span></a>" allowfullscreen></iframe> </div> <div class="article-title">February 2025 Special Report Preview</div> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-4"> <div class="widget-events"> <h1 class="section-heading h3"><i class="fa-solid fa-calendar"></i> POWER Events</h1> <div class="slickunit" data-column-limit="1"> <div class="event-container"> <h2 class="visually-hidden">Experience POWER</h2> <a href="https://www.powermag.com/event/experience-power/" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation"> <img width="600" height="210" src="https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/experiencepowerlogo.png" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image" alt="ExperiencePOWERlogo" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/experiencepowerlogo.png 600w, https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/experiencepowerlogo-300x105.png 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px" /> </a> <p class="event-excerpt my-2"> <strong>Experience POWER</strong> Week brings stakeholders across the entire energy value chain (from generation to transmission, distribution, and supply) together in an intimate, solutions-driven environment to learn how to navigate the energy transition while keeping organizational goals on track. Access education focused on new and emerging trends like decarbonization, distributed energy resources, and the hydrogen economy, as well as traditional electric… </p> <small class="d-block mt-auto mb-3"> <strong>Oct 29 — Oct 31, 2025</strong> <br /> Denver, CO </small> <a class="btn btn-primary w-100" href="https://www.experience-power.com" target="_blank">Visit our site</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="site-info"> <nav class="footer-navigation navbar fixed-bottom bg-light d-none d-md-block" aria-label="Footer Menu"> <div class="container-fluid px-lg-5"> <div class="footer-nav-links"> <ul id="menu-footer-links" class="navbar-nav nav-section"><li id="menu-item-213927" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page nav-item nav-item-213927"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/about-us/" class="nav-link ">About POWER</a></li> <li id="menu-item-213928" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page nav-item nav-item-213928"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/contact-us/" class="nav-link ">Contact Us</a></li> <li id="menu-item-213929" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page nav-item nav-item-213929"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/privacy-policy-terms-conditions/" class="nav-link ">Privacy Policy</a></li> <li id="menu-item-218948" class="cookie-settings-link menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom nav-item nav-item-218948"><a href="#" class="nav-link ">Cookie Settings</a></li> <li id="menu-item-213930" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom nav-item nav-item-213930"><a href="https://www.accessintel.com/diversity-inclusion-and-equity/" class="nav-link ">Diversity, Equity, Inclusion & Belonging</a></li> <li id="menu-item-213931" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom nav-item nav-item-213931"><a href="https://www.accessintel.com/accessibility-statement/" class="nav-link ">Accessibility Statement</a></li> <li id="menu-item-213932" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page nav-item nav-item-213932"><a href="https://live-powermag.pantheonsite.io/sitemap/" class="nav-link ">Site Map</a></li> </ul> <div class="copyright">© 2025<a href="https://www.accessintel.com/"> Access Intelligence</a>, LLC - All Rights Reserved.</div> <div id="ai_ad_widget-4" class="text-center widget widget_ai_ad_widget"> <div id="div-gpt-floater-leaderboard"> <script>googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-floater-leaderboard'); });</script> </div> </div></div> </div> </nav>  </div> </footer> </div> <script> ( function ( body ) { 'use strict'; body.className = body.className.replace( /\btribe-no-js\b/, 'tribe-js' ); } )( document.body ); </script>   <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-WWWKPH3" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden" aria-hidden="true"></iframe></noscript> <script> /* <![CDATA[ */var tribe_l10n_datatables = {"aria":{"sort_ascending":": activate to sort column ascending","sort_descending":": activate to sort column descending"},"length_menu":"Show _MENU_ entries","empty_table":"No data available in table","info":"Showing _START_ to _END_ of _TOTAL_ entries","info_empty":"Showing 0 to 0 of 0 entries","info_filtered":"(filtered from _MAX_ total entries)","zero_records":"No matching records found","search":"Search:","all_selected_text":"All items on this page were selected. ","select_all_link":"Select all pages","clear_selection":"Clear Selection.","pagination":{"all":"All","next":"Next","previous":"Previous"},"select":{"rows":{"0":"","_":": Selected %d rows","1":": Selected 1 row"}},"datepicker":{"dayNames":["Sunday","Monday","Tuesday","Wednesday","Thursday","Friday","Saturday"],"dayNamesShort":["Sun","Mon","Tue","Wed","Thu","Fri","Sat"],"dayNamesMin":["S","M","T","W","T","F","S"],"monthNames":["January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"monthNamesShort":["January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"monthNamesMin":["Jan","Feb","Mar","Apr","May","Jun","Jul","Aug","Sep","Oct","Nov","Dec"],"nextText":"Next","prevText":"Prev","currentText":"Today","closeText":"Done","today":"Today","clear":"Clear"}};/* ]]> */ </script><link rel='stylesheet' id='slickslider-css' href='//cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/slick-carousel@1.8.1/slick/slick.min.css?ver=1.8.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='slicktheme-css' href='//cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/slick-carousel@1.8.1/slick/slick-theme.min.css?ver=1.8.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='fontawesome-css' href='//cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/6.5.1/css/all.min.css?ver=6.5.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <script type="text/javascript" id="ai-addsearch-client-js-before"> /* <![CDATA[ */ window.searchResultsPageUrl = '/search-results/'; window.addsearchConfigurationShared = { 'site' : 'powermag', 'sort' : 'relevance', 'indices' : {"adexchanger":"d93b86b9ec321b87ae61beaa1b0a148a","admonsters":"de2a970a3c8c56278e571498d90100a6","aircraftvaluenews":"fa7991cb67186516c05783b8d8c496f1","aviationtoday":"52ed4088d4f2683b376bc19484234616","cablefax":"87673e9098bccb6938a558d71c702f10","chemengonline":"3225477b71e794c084c201d6b985125e","chiefmarketer":"8765b37d7aff81ba3e6dc725f5e3bb89","cynopsis":"5693f95b1e1c9c91787f38754b5546e8","defensedaily":"13ea5954a033e9861b807dad350df935","esports":"34efc98991df9631cf3a80be141c8541","eventmarketer":"106cb871bcc2909fb271caf1cd194fd1","exchangemonitor":"6315c88f9e8f954ff3c3931060d8f477","mcmarketeronline":"e5d42956d2419012fa761fb5abb6458d","ormanager":"ecbe7dc49d396658c0d77f993b180baf","powermag":"569de8bb10d82a43dac48c49e6919b4f","prnewsonline":"b05f5f4f87709c2f6dac329f5c90339b","satellitetoday":"686d3bdcaf126d679d3de1efbaf8d17f"}, 'extra_facets' : null } /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/plugins/ai-addsearch-integration/assets/js/ui.min.js?ver=2.0.9" id="ai-addsearch-client-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://apps.decisionbriefs.com/js/custom/bigquery/tracking.v2.min.js?ver=1.0" id="bigquery-tracking-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="bigquery-tracking-onload-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var AIBQ = {"marketLabel":"power","applicationLabel":"powermag-main-site","brandLabel":"power","ip":"158.160.123.107","sessionId":""}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/plugins/aicore-analytics/tracking.onload.min.js?ver=1.0" id="bigquery-tracking-onload-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/plugins/frontend-reset-password/assets/js/password-lost.js?ver=1.0.0" id="som_reset_password_script-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://static.addtoany.com/menu/page.js" id="addtoany-js" defer="defer" data-wp-strategy="defer"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/plugins/ai-social-sharing/assets/js/ai_social_sharing.js?ver=1.0.2" id="ai-social-sharing-js" defer="defer" data-wp-strategy="defer"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/plugins/duracelltomi-google-tag-manager/dist/js/gtm4wp-form-move-tracker.js?ver=1.20.3" id="gtm4wp-form-move-tracker-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.powermag.com/wp-includes/js/dist/hooks.min.js?ver=4d63a3d491d11ffd8ac6" id="wp-hooks-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.powermag.com/wp-includes/js/dist/i18n.min.js?ver=5e580eb46a90c2b997e6" id="wp-i18n-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wp-i18n-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ wp.i18n.setLocaleData( { 'text direction\u0004ltr': [ 'ltr' ] } ); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-parsely/build/loader.js?ver=b681bb9905652ac12735" id="wp-parsely-loader-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wp-parsely-loader-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ window.wpParselyHooks.addAction("wpParselyOnLoad", "wpParsely", aiAppendParselyIDToFormLinks, 10); function aiAppendParselyIDToFormLinks() { if(! window.PARSELY || ! window.PARSELY.config ) { return; } //get all Omeda subscription links for this page that do not yet contain the pid param (may either be iframes or anchor tags) const links = jQuery("iframe[src*=\"accessintelligence.dragonforms.com\"]:not([src*=\"pid=\"]), iframe[src*=\"ai.omeda.com\"]:not([src*=\"pid=\"]), a[href*=\"accessintelligence.dragonforms.com\"]:not([href*=\"pid=\"]), a[href*=\"ai.omeda.com\"]:not([href*=\"pid=\"])"); //if we're on a page post type, it's most likely a subscription page //in that case, use document.referrer to see which piece of content they came from //otherwise, the subscription link is likely embedded within content, so use window.location.href as the referrer instead const referrer = ( false ? (document.referrer || window.location.href) : window.location.href ); //grab UUID from global PARSELY object and append to each link //UUID example (includes 'pid=' prefix): "pid=XXXXXXXXX-XXXXXXXX-XXXXXXX-XXXXXXX" links.each(function(i, el) { let attr = jQuery(el).is('iframe') ? 'src' : 'href'; let link = jQuery(el).attr(attr); let qMarkOrAmp = link.includes('?') ? '&' : '?'; link = link + qMarkOrAmp + window.PARSELY.config.uuid + '&ref=' + encodeURIComponent(referrer); jQuery(el).attr(attr, link); }); } //handle AJAX-loaded links jQuery(document).on( "ajaxStop", function() { aiAppendParselyIDToFormLinks(); }); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" data-parsely-site="powermag.com" src="https://cdn.parsely.com/keys/powermag.com/p.js?ver=3.17.0" id="parsely-cfg"></script> <script crossorigin type="text/javascript" src="https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/themes/powermag-2023/assets/dist/theme.a3a8bb20f3e59144634b.js" id="theme-js-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="//cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/slick-carousel@1.8.1/slick/slick.min.js?ver=1.8.1" id="slickslider-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.powermag.com/wp-content/plugins/page-links-to/dist/new-tab.js?ver=3.3.7" id="page-links-to-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript">window.NREUM||(NREUM={});NREUM.info={"beacon":"bam.nr-data.net","licenseKey":"e35bf103e0","applicationID":"198502244","transactionName":"ZgdVNkVVVhZWWxJcCV9NdgFDXVcLGFkUVg5YFFI=","queueTime":0,"applicationTime":626,"atts":"SkBWQA1PRRg=","errorBeacon":"bam.nr-data.net","agent":""}</script></body> </html>