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class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American attorney and judge (1954–2020)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Ralph Gants</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Ralph_D._Gants.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Ralph_D._Gants.jpg/220px-Ralph_D._Gants.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Ralph_D._Gants.jpg/330px-Ralph_D._Gants.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Ralph_D._Gants.jpg/440px-Ralph_D._Gants.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1800" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Official portrait, 2014</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Chief Justice of the <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Supreme_Judicial_Court" title="Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court">Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />July 28, 2014 – September 14, 2020</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Appointed by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Deval_Patrick" title="Deval Patrick">Deval Patrick</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Roderick_L._Ireland" title="Roderick L. Ireland">Roderick L. Ireland</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kimberly_S._Budd" title="Kimberly S. Budd">Kimberly S. Budd</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Associate Justice of the <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Supreme_Judicial_Court" title="Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court">Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 29, 2009 – July 28, 2014</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Appointed by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Deval Patrick</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/John_Greaney" title="John Greaney">John Greaney</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Geraldine_Hines" title="Geraldine Hines">Geraldine Hines</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Associate Justice of the <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Superior_Court" title="Massachusetts Superior Court">Massachusetts Superior Court</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />1997 – January 29, 2009</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Appointed by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bill_Weld" title="Bill Weld">Bill Weld</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Kimberly S. Budd</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1954-09-29</span>)</span>September 29, 1954<br /><a href="/wiki/New_Rochelle,_New_York" title="New Rochelle, New York">New Rochelle, New York</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">September 14, 2020<span style="display:none">(2020-09-14)</span> (aged 65)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">BA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Juris_Doctor" title="Juris Doctor">JD</a>)<br /><a href="/wiki/University_of_Cambridge" title="University of Cambridge">University of Cambridge</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Ralph D. Gants</b> (September 29, 1954 – September 14, 2020) was an American attorney and jurist who served as the chief justice of the <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Supreme_Judicial_Court" title="Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court">Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court</a>. He was sworn in on July 28, 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gants had previously served as an <a href="/wiki/Assistant_United_States_Attorney" title="Assistant United States Attorney">Assistant United States Attorney</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_career">Early life and career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ralph_Gants&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Gants was born in <a href="/wiki/New_Rochelle,_New_York" title="New Rochelle, New York">New Rochelle, New York</a>, in 1954. He received his <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">Bachelor of Arts</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Summa_cum_laude" class="mw-redirect" title="Summa cum laude">summa cum laude</a></i>, from <a href="/wiki/Harvard_College" title="Harvard College">Harvard College</a> in 1976, graduating <a href="/wiki/Phi_Beta_Kappa" title="Phi Beta Kappa">Phi Beta Kappa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The following year he completed a Diploma in Criminology at <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Cambridge University">Cambridge University</a> in <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1980, he earned a <a href="/wiki/Juris_Doctor" title="Juris Doctor">Juris Doctor</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Magna_cum_laude" class="mw-redirect" title="Magna cum laude">magna cum laude</a></i>, from <a href="/wiki/Harvard_Law_School" title="Harvard Law School">Harvard Law School</a> where he was notes editor of the <i><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Law_Review" title="Harvard Law Review">Harvard Law Review</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-nbcbos_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nbcbos-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ralph_Gants&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After graduation from law school, he served as <a href="/wiki/Law_clerk" title="Law clerk">law clerk</a> to United States District Court Judge <a href="/wiki/Eugene_H._Nickerson" class="mw-redirect" title="Eugene H. Nickerson">Eugene H. Nickerson</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-boston_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-boston-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From 1981 to 1983, he was Special Assistant to Judge <a href="/wiki/William_H._Webster" title="William H. Webster">William H. Webster</a>, Director of the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Federal Bureau of Investigation">Federal Bureau of Investigation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1983, he was appointed <a href="/wiki/Assistant_United_States_Attorney" title="Assistant United States Attorney">Assistant United States Attorney</a> for the District of Massachusetts, serving as Chief of Public Corruption Division from 1988 to 1991.<sup id="cite_ref-nbcbos_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nbcbos-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1991, he joined the Boston law firm of Palmer & Dodge LLP, becoming a partner in 1994.<sup id="cite_ref-WFXT_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WFXT-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He taught at Harvard Law School, <a href="/wiki/New_England_School_of_Law" class="mw-redirect" title="New England School of Law">New England School of Law</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Northeastern_University_School_of_Law" title="Northeastern University School of Law">Northeastern University School of Law</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-mass.gov_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mass.gov-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Gants was a proponent of <a href="/wiki/Criminal_justice_reform" title="Criminal justice reform">criminal justice reform</a> throughout his career, and he worked with the <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_General_Court" title="Massachusetts General Court">Massachusetts General Court</a> in passing a criminal justice reform bill in 2018. He was also an outspoken opponent of <a href="/wiki/Mandatory_minimum_sentences" class="mw-redirect" title="Mandatory minimum sentences">mandatory minimum sentences</a>, having told the Judiciary Committee in 2015, "If you do not abolish minimum mandatory sentences for drug offenses, you must accept the tragic fact that this disparate treatment of persons of color will be allowed to continue."<sup id="cite_ref-masslive_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-masslive-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Judicial_service">Judicial service</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ralph_Gants&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Judicial service"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>He was appointed as an associate justice of the <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Superior_Court" title="Massachusetts Superior Court">Massachusetts Superior Court</a> in 1997 by Governor <a href="/wiki/Bill_Weld" title="Bill Weld">Bill Weld</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-masslive_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-masslive-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2008, he served as Administrative Justice of the Superior Court's Business Litigation Session.<sup id="cite_ref-WFXT_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WFXT-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Governor <a href="/wiki/Deval_Patrick" title="Deval Patrick">Deval Patrick</a> appointed him to the Supreme Judicial Court in December 2008 and he took office in January 2009<sup id="cite_ref-mass.gov_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mass.gov-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> after being confirmed by the <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Governor%27s_Council" title="Massachusetts Governor's Council">Governor's Council</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-mass.gov_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mass.gov-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Upon learning of his nomination, Council member <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mary-Ellen_Manning&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mary-Ellen Manning (page does not exist)">Mary-Ellen Manning</a> remarked, "Ralph Gants is a mensch, and the bench needs a mensch."<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On April 17, 2014, he was nominated by Governor Patrick to replace <a href="/wiki/Roderick_L._Ireland" title="Roderick L. Ireland">Roderick L. Ireland</a> as Chief Justice after his retirement; he was confirmed by the Governor's Council and was sworn in on July 28, 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In April 2020, Grants wrote a concurrence arguing against a bright line rule defining where use of <a href="/wiki/Automatic_number-plate_recognition" title="Automatic number-plate recognition">automatic number-plate recognition</a> cameras becomes an unconstitutional search when the unanimous court upheld their warrantless use on bridges to <a href="/wiki/Cape_Cod" title="Cape Cod">Cape Cod</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life_and_death">Personal life and death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ralph_Gants&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Personal life and death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Justice Gants was married with two children.<sup id="cite_ref-mass.gov_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mass.gov-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gants died on September 14, 2020, at the age of 65. He had previously suffered a heart attack.<sup id="cite_ref-boston_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-boston-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts closed the courts on Friday, September 18, 2020, as a day of remembrance for Chief Justice Gants.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ralph_Gants&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140728234109/http://www.mass.gov/courts/news-pubs/sjc/sjc-gants-administered-oath-of-office.html">"Honorable Ralph D. Gants of the Supreme Judicial Court Administered Oath of Office"</a>. Public Information Office, Supreme Judicial Court, Commonwealth of Massachusetts. July 28, 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mass.gov/courts/news-pubs/sjc/sjc-gants-administered-oath-of-office.html">the original</a> on July 28, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Democrats express optimism, poised for 2012"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mass.gov/courts/sjc/justices/gants.html">the original</a> on June 5, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 11,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Calif.+Democrats+express+optimism%2C+poised+for+2012&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mass.gov%2Fcourts%2Fsjc%2Fjustices%2Fgants.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARalph+Gants" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-masslive-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-masslive_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-masslive_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.masslive.com/politics/2020/09/massachusetts-supreme-judicial-court-chief-justice-ralph-gants-dies-at-65.html">"Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court Chief Justice Ralph Gants dies at 65"</a>. <i>masslive</i>. September 14, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 15,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=masslive&rft.atitle=Massachusetts+Supreme+Judicial+Court+Chief+Justice+Ralph+Gants+dies+at+65&rft.date=2020-09-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.masslive.com%2Fpolitics%2F2020%2F09%2Fmassachusetts-supreme-judicial-court-chief-justice-ralph-gants-dies-at-65.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARalph+Gants" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://masslawyersweekly.com/2009/01/14/love-blog-from-gants-sjc-hearing/">"Gants blog: Live blog from Gants' SJC hearing"</a>. Massachusetts Lawyers Weekly.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gants+blog%3A+Live+blog+from+Gants%27+SJC+hearing&rft.pub=Massachusetts+Lawyers+Weekly&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmasslawyersweekly.com%2F2009%2F01%2F14%2Flove-blog-from-gants-sjc-hearing%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARalph+Gants" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wbur.org/news/2020/09/14/chief-justice-gants-dies">"Supreme Judicial Court Chief Justice Ralph Gants Dies At 65"</a>. <i>www.wbur.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 15,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.wbur.org&rft.atitle=Supreme+Judicial+Court+Chief+Justice+Ralph+Gants+Dies+At+65&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wbur.org%2Fnews%2F2020%2F09%2F14%2Fchief-justice-gants-dies&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARalph+Gants" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1176897979">.mw-parser-output .bluebook-title{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .bluebook-title i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .bluebook-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .bluebook-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .bluebook-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .bluebook-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}</style><cite id="CITEREFNote2021">Note, <span class="bluebook-title bluebook-lock-none" title=""><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://harvardlawreview.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/134-Harv.-L.-Rev.-2887.pdf">Recent Case: Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court Holds that Use of Automated License Plate Readers May Constitute a Search</a></span>, 134 <a href="/wiki/Harvard_Law_Review" title="Harvard Law Review">Harv. L. Rev.</a> 2887 (2021).</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite><i>Commonwealth v. McCarthy</i></cite>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=17917080752052617863">142 N.E.3d 1090</a> (Mass. 2020).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStaff_Writer2020" class="citation news cs1">Staff Writer (September 14, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wcvb.com/article/mass-supreme-judicial-court-chief-justice-ralph-gants-dies-after-heart-attack/34015944">"Mass. Supreme Judicial Court Chief Justice Ralph Gants dies after heart attack"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/WCVB-TV" title="WCVB-TV">WCVB-TV</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 14,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=WCVB-TV&rft.atitle=Mass.+Supreme+Judicial+Court+Chief+Justice+Ralph+Gants+dies+after+heart+attack&rft.date=2020-09-14&rft.au=Staff+Writer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wcvb.com%2Farticle%2Fmass-supreme-judicial-court-chief-justice-ralph-gants-dies-after-heart-attack%2F34015944&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARalph+Gants" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mass.gov/news/statement-by-the-associate-justices-of-the-supreme-judicial-court-regarding-day-of-remembrance">"Statement by the Associate Justices of the Supreme Judicial Court Regarding Day of Remembrance for Chief Justice Ralph D. Gants | Mass.gov"</a>. <i>www.mass.gov</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 17,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.mass.gov&rft.atitle=Statement+by+the+Associate+Justices+of+the+Supreme+Judicial+Court+Regarding+Day+of+Remembrance+for+Chief+Justice+Ralph+D.+Gants+%7C+Mass.gov&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mass.gov%2Fnews%2Fstatement-by-the-associate-justices-of-the-supreme-judicial-court-regarding-day-of-remembrance&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARalph+Gants" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #DDCEF2;">Legal offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John_Greaney" title="John Greaney">John Greaney</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Associate Justice of the <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Supreme_Judicial_Court" title="Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court">Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court</a> </b><br />2009–2014 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Geraldine_Hines" title="Geraldine Hines">Geraldine Hines</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Roderick_L._Ireland" title="Roderick L. Ireland">Roderick L. Ireland</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Chief Justice of the <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Supreme_Judicial_Court" title="Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court">Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court</a> </b><br />2014–2020 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Lenk" title="Barbara Lenk">Barbara Lenk</a><br />(Acting)<br /><a href="/wiki/Kimberly_S._Budd" title="Kimberly S. Budd">Kimberly S. 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template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Justices_of_the_Massachusetts_Supreme_Judicial_Court" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Justices of the <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Supreme_Judicial_Court" title="Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court">Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Chief justices (1692–present)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Stoughton_(judge)" title="William Stoughton (judge)">Stoughton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wait_Winthrop" title="Wait Winthrop">Winthrop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Addington" title="Isaac Addington">Addington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wait_Winthrop" title="Wait Winthrop">Winthrop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Sewall" title="Samuel Sewall">Samuel Sewall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Lynde_Sr." title="Benjamin Lynde Sr.">Lynde Sr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Dudley_(jurist)" title="Paul Dudley (jurist)">Dudley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Sewall" title="Stephen Sewall">Stephen Sewall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hutchinson_(governor)" title="Thomas Hutchinson (governor)">T. Hutchinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Lynde_Jr." title="Benjamin Lynde Jr.">Lynde Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Oliver_(loyalist)" title="Peter Oliver (loyalist)">Oliver</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams">Adams</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Cushing" title="William Cushing">Cushing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Peaslee_Sargent" title="Nathaniel Peaslee Sargent">Sargent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Dana" title="Francis Dana">Dana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theophilus_Parsons" title="Theophilus Parsons">Parsons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Sewall_(congressman)" title="Samuel Sewall (congressman)">Sewall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Parker_(Massachusetts_judge)" title="Isaac Parker (Massachusetts judge)">Parker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lemuel_Shaw" title="Lemuel Shaw">Shaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Tyler_Bigelow" title="George Tyler Bigelow">Bigelow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reuben_Atwater_Chapman" title="Reuben Atwater Chapman">Chapman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horace_Gray" title="Horace Gray">Gray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Morton_(judge)" title="Marcus Morton (judge)">Morton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walbridge_A._Field" title="Walbridge A. Field">W. Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Wendell_Holmes_Jr." title="Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr.">Holmes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Perrin_Knowlton" title="Marcus Perrin Knowlton">Knowlton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Prentice_Rugg" title="Arthur Prentice Rugg">Rugg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Tarbell_Field" title="Fred Tarbell Field">F. Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Elroy_Qua" title="Stanley Elroy Qua">Qua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Sanger_Wilkins" title="Raymond Sanger Wilkins">R. Wilkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G._Joseph_Tauro" title="G. Joseph Tauro">Tauro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_F._Hennessey" title="Edward F. Hennessey">Hennessey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_J._Liacos" title="Paul J. Liacos">Liacos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_P._Wilkins" title="Herbert P. Wilkins">H. Wilkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_H._Marshall" title="Margaret H. Marshall">Marshall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roderick_L._Ireland" title="Roderick L. Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Gants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kimberly_S._Budd" title="Kimberly S. Budd">Budd</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Massachusetts_Bay" title="Province of Massachusetts Bay">Provincial period</a><br />Associate justices (1692–1775)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Danforth" title="Thomas Danforth">Danforth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Richards_(colonial_judge)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Richards (colonial judge)">Richards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Sewall" title="Samuel Sewall">Samuel Sewall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wait_Winthrop" title="Wait Winthrop">Winthrop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elisha_Cooke_Sr." class="mw-redirect" title="Elisha Cooke Sr.">Cooke</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Walley_(judge)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Walley (judge) (page does not exist)">Walley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Saffin" title="John Saffin">Saffin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hathorne" title="John Hathorne">Hathorne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Leverett_the_Younger" title="John Leverett the Younger">Leverett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Corwin" title="Jonathan Corwin">Curwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Lynde_Sr." title="Benjamin Lynde Sr.">Lynde Sr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Thomas_(Massachusetts_judge)" title="Nathaniel Thomas (Massachusetts judge)">Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Addington_Davenport" title="Addington Davenport">Davenport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Quincy_(1681%E2%80%931737)" title="Edmund Quincy (1681–1737)">Quincy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Dudley_(jurist)" title="Paul Dudley (jurist)">Dudley</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Cushing_(judge)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Cushing (judge) (page does not exist)">J. Cushing Sr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Remington" title="Jonathan Remington">Remington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Saltonstall_(Massachusetts_judge)" title="Richard Saltonstall (Massachusetts judge)">Saltonstall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Graves_(judge)" title="Thomas Graves (judge)">Graves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Sewall" title="Stephen Sewall">Stephen Sewall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Hubbard" title="Nathaniel Hubbard">Hubbard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Lynde_Jr." title="Benjamin Lynde Jr.">Lynde Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Cushing_Jr.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Cushing Jr. (page does not exist)">J. Cushing Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chambers_Russell" title="Chambers Russell">Russell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Oliver_(loyalist)" title="Peter Oliver (loyalist)">Oliver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Trowbridge" title="Edmund Trowbridge">Trowbridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foster_Hutchinson" title="Foster Hutchinson">F. Hutchinson</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nathaniel_Ropes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nathaniel Ropes (page does not exist)">Ropes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Cushing" title="William Cushing">W. Cushing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Browne_(judge)" title="William Browne (judge)">Brown</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Provincial_Congress" title="Massachusetts Provincial Congress">Revolutionary period</a><br />Associate justices (1775–80)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Peaslee_Sargent" title="Nathaniel Peaslee Sargent">Sargent</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/William_Reed_(Massachusetts_judge)" class="mw-redirect" title="William Reed (Massachusetts judge)">Reed</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Robert_Treat_Paine" title="Robert Treat Paine">Paine</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/James_Warren_(politician)" title="James Warren (politician)">Warren</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jedediah_Foster" title="Jedediah Foster">Foster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Sullivan_(governor)" title="James Sullivan (governor)">Sullivan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Sewall" title="David Sewall">D. Sewall</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="Commonwealth of Massachusetts">Commonwealth period</a><br />Associate justices (1780–present)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Increase_Sumner" title="Increase Sumner">Sumner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Dana" title="Francis Dana">Dana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathan_Cushing" title="Nathan Cushing">N. Cushing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Treat_Paine" title="Robert Treat Paine">Paine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Dawes" title="Thomas Dawes">Dawes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theophilus_Bradbury" title="Theophilus Bradbury">Bradbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Sewall_(congressman)" title="Samuel Sewall (congressman)">Sewall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simeon_Strong" title="Simeon Strong">Strong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Thatcher" title="George Thatcher">Thatcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Sedgwick" title="Theodore Sedgwick">Sedgwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Parker_(congressman)" class="mw-redirect" title="Isaac Parker (congressman)">Parker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Jackson_(judge)" title="Charles Jackson (judge)">Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Dewey" title="Daniel Dewey">D. Dewey</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samuel_Putnam_(Massachusetts_judge)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Samuel Putnam (Massachusetts judge) (page does not exist)">Putnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Wilde" title="Samuel Wilde">Wilde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Augustus_Dewey" title="Charles Augustus Dewey">C. Dewey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levi_Lincoln_Jr." title="Levi Lincoln Jr.">Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Morton" title="Marcus Morton">M. Morton Sr.</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samuel_Hubbard_(Massachusetts_judge)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Samuel Hubbard (Massachusetts judge) (page does not exist)">Hubbard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Fletcher_(American_politician)" title="Richard Fletcher (American politician)">Fletcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_E._Forbes" title="Charles E. Forbes">Forbes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theron_Metcalf" title="Theron Metcalf">Metcalf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Tyler_Bigelow" title="George Tyler Bigelow">Bigelow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caleb_Cushing" title="Caleb Cushing">C. Cushing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pliny_Merrick" title="Pliny Merrick">Merrick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Thomas_(politician)" title="Benjamin Thomas (politician)">Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ebenezer_R._Hoar" title="Ebenezer R. Hoar">Hoar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reuben_Atwater_Chapman" title="Reuben Atwater Chapman">Chapman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horace_Gray" title="Horace Gray">Gray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Colt_(Massachusetts_judge)" class="mw-redirect" title="James Colt (Massachusetts judge)">Colt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwight_Foster_(politician,_born_1828)" title="Dwight Foster (politician, born 1828)">Foster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seth_Ames" title="Seth Ames">Ames</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Wells_(Massachusetts_judge)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Wells (Massachusetts judge) (page does not exist)">Wells</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Morton_(judge)" title="Marcus Morton (judge)">M. Morton Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Devens" title="Charles Devens">Devens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Crowninshield_Endicott" title="William Crowninshield Endicott">Endicott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otis_Lord" title="Otis Lord">Lord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustus_Lord_Soule" class="mw-redirect" title="Augustus Lord Soule">Soule</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Allen_(Massachusetts_judge)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Allen (Massachusetts judge) (page does not exist)">W. Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Devens" title="Charles Devens">Devens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walbridge_A._Field" title="Walbridge A. Field">W. Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Allen_(jurist)" title="Charles Allen (jurist)">C. Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waldo_Colburn" title="Waldo Colburn">Colburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Wendell_Holmes_Jr." title="Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr.">Holmes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Gardner_(Massachusetts_judge)" title="William Gardner (Massachusetts judge)">Gardner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Perrin_Knowlton" title="Marcus Perrin Knowlton">Knowlton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Madison_Morton_Sr." title="James Madison Morton Sr.">J. Morton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Barker_(judge)" title="James Barker (judge)">Barker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lathrop_(judge)" title="John Lathrop (judge)">Lathrop</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Hammond_(Massachusetts_judge)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Hammond (Massachusetts judge) (page does not exist)">Hammond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Loring_(judge)" title="William Loring (judge)">Loring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_K._Braley" title="Henry K. Braley">Braley</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Sheldon_(Massachusetts_judge)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Henry Sheldon (Massachusetts judge) (page does not exist)">Sheldon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Prentice_Rugg" title="Arthur Prentice Rugg">Rugg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_DeCourcy" title="Charles DeCourcy">DeCourcy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Crawford_Crosby" title="John Crawford Crosby">Crosby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Pierce_(Massachusetts_judge)" title="Edward Pierce (Massachusetts judge)">Pierce</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Carroll_(Massachusetts_judge)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="James Carroll (Massachusetts judge) (page does not exist)">Carroll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Jenney" title="Charles Jenney">Jenney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Wait_(Massachusetts_judge)" class="mw-redirect" title="William Wait (Massachusetts judge)">Wait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_A._Sanderson_(judge)" title="George A. Sanderson (judge)">Sanderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Tarbell_Field" title="Fred Tarbell Field">F. Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Donahue" title="Charles Donahue">Donahue</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Lummus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Henry Lummus (page does not exist)">Lummus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Elroy_Qua" title="Stanley Elroy Qua">Qua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Cox" title="Louis Cox">Cox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Dolan" title="Arthur Dolan">Dolan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Ronan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="James Ronan (page does not exist)">Ronan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Spalding_(Massachusetts_judge)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Spalding (Massachusetts judge) (page does not exist)">Spalding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Sanger_Wilkins" title="Raymond Sanger Wilkins">R. Wilkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_P._Williams" title="Harold P. Williams">Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Counihan" class="mw-redirect" title="Edward Counihan">Counihan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Whittemore" title="Arthur Whittemore">Whittemore</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=R._Ammi_Cutter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="R. Ammi Cutter (page does not exist)">Cutter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_G._Kirk_Sr." title="Paul G. Kirk Sr.">Kirk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Spiegel" title="Jacob Spiegel">Jacob Spiegel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Reardon" title="Paul Reardon">Reardon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Francis_Quirico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Francis Quirico (page does not exist)">Quirico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Braucher" title="Robert Braucher">Braucher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_F._Hennessey" title="Edward F. Hennessey">Hennessey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Kaplan" title="Benjamin Kaplan">Kaplan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_P._Wilkins" title="Herbert P. Wilkins">H. Wilkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_J._Liacos" title="Paul J. Liacos">Liacos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Abrams" title="Ruth Abrams">Abrams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neil_L._Lynch" title="Neil L. Lynch">Lynch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_R._Nolan" title="Joseph R. Nolan">Nolan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Patrick_O%27Connor" class="mw-redirect" title="Francis Patrick O'Connor">O'Connor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Greaney" title="John Greaney">Greaney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Fried" title="Charles Fried">Fried</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_H._Marshall" title="Margaret H. Marshall">Marshall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roderick_L._Ireland" title="Roderick L. Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judith_Cowin" title="Judith Cowin">Cowin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_X._Spina" title="Francis X. Spina">Spina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martha_B._Sosman" title="Martha B. Sosman">Sosman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_J._Cordy" title="Robert J. Cordy">Cordy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margot_Botsford" title="Margot Botsford">Botsford</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Gants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fernande_R._V._Duffly" title="Fernande R. V. Duffly">Duffly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Lenk" title="Barbara Lenk">Lenk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geraldine_Hines" title="Geraldine Hines">Hines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Gaziano" title="Frank Gaziano">Gaziano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_A._Lowy" title="David A. Lowy">Lowy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kimberly_S._Budd" title="Kimberly S. Budd">Budd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elspeth_B._Cypher" title="Elspeth B. Cypher">Cypher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_L._Kafker" title="Scott L. Kafker">Kafker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalila_Argaez_Wendlandt" title="Dalila Argaez Wendlandt">Wendlandt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serge_Georges_Jr." title="Serge Georges Jr.">Georges Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bessie_Dewar" title="Bessie Dewar">Dewar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabrielle_Wolohojian" title="Gabrielle Wolohojian">Wolohojian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><i>Italics</i> indicate individuals who were offered seats on the court, but refused</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ralph_Gants&oldid=1240588468">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ralph_Gants&oldid=1240588468</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1954_births" title="Category:1954 births">1954 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:2020_deaths" title="Category:2020 deaths">2020 deaths</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:21st-century_American_judges" title="Category:21st-century American judges">21st-century American judges</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Alumni_of_the_University_of_Cambridge" title="Category:Alumni of the University of Cambridge">Alumni of the University of Cambridge</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Assistant_United_States_Attorneys" title="Category:Assistant United States Attorneys">Assistant United States Attorneys</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Chief_justices_of_the_Massachusetts_Supreme_Judicial_Court" title="Category:Chief justices of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court">Chief justices of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Harvard_College_alumni" title="Category:Harvard College alumni">Harvard College alumni</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Harvard_Law_School_alumni" title="Category:Harvard Law School alumni">Harvard Law School alumni</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Lawyers_from_New_Rochelle,_New_York" title="Category:Lawyers from New Rochelle, New York">Lawyers from New Rochelle, New York</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Massachusetts_Superior_Court_justices" title="Category:Massachusetts Superior Court justices">Massachusetts Superior Court justices</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Politicians_from_New_Rochelle,_New_York" title="Category:Politicians from New Rochelle, New York">Politicians from New Rochelle, New York</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_September_2020" title="Category:Use mdy dates from September 2020">Use mdy dates from September 2020</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 16 August 2024, at 06:08<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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