CINXE.COM
The A to Z of the Coptic Church - Gawdat Gabra - Google Books
<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><title>The A to Z of the Coptic Church - Gawdat Gabra - Google Books</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="/books/css/_a33f2a89320471e58c940b9287b9d4eb/kl_viewport_kennedy_full_bundle.css" type="text/css" /><link rel="stylesheet"href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Product+Sans:wght@400"><script src="/books/javascript/v2_a33f2a89320471e58c940b9287b9d4eb__en.js"></script><script>_OC_Hooks = ["_OC_Page", "_OC_SearchReload", "_OC_TocReload", "_OC_EmptyFunc", "_OC_SearchPage", "_OC_QuotePage" ];for (var _OC_i = 0; _OC_i < _OC_Hooks.length; _OC_i++) {eval("var " + _OC_Hooks[_OC_i] + ";");}function _OC_InitHooks () {for (var i = 0; i < _OC_Hooks.length; i++) {var func = arguments[i];eval( _OC_Hooks[i] + " = func;");}}</script><link rel="canonical" href="https://books.google.com/books/about/The_A_to_Z_of_the_Coptic_Church.html?id=UaYdpfAZDBMC"/><meta property="og:url" content="https://books.google.com/books/about/The_A_to_Z_of_the_Coptic_Church.html?id=UaYdpfAZDBMC"/><meta name="title" content="The A to Z of the Coptic Church"/><meta name="description" content="During the first century, Saint Mark brought Christianity to Egypt and in so doing, formed the basis for the Coptic Orthodox Church. Today, Copts, members of the Coptic Church, compromise the largest Christian Community in the Middle East. The Coptic Church is more than 19 centuries old and has produced thousands of texts and biblical and theological studies. During the last half of the 20th century, however, economic and political discrimination has forced between 400,000 and one million Copts to emigrate from Egypt, with the majority settling in North America and Australia. The A to Z of the Coptic Church details the history of one of the oldest Christian churches. This is done through a chronology, an introductory essay, a bibliography, and more than 400 cross-referenced dictionary entries on important people, organizations, and structures; the theology and practices of the church; its literature and liturgy; and monasteries and churches."/><meta property="og:title" content="The A to Z of the Coptic Church"/><meta property="og:type" content="book"/><meta property="og:site_name" content="Google Books"/><meta property="og:image" content="https://books.google.com.sg/books/content?id=UaYdpfAZDBMC&printsec=frontcover&img=1&zoom=1&edge=curl&imgtk=AFLRE738MmOEJcsr3DmmjErZ-vI9EYZ47BGAb0giYe6_MDjoZybrU7JTMyxND6luiqnQRMil8mnvjk0vbBAZDMl0gi4oEIe1ZxQfl8Gg2NeGmA2HPoWXDI6CW_l2wxVyc9H1D5H-UBoN"/><link rel="image_src" href="https://books.google.com.sg/books/content?id=UaYdpfAZDBMC&printsec=frontcover&img=1&zoom=1&edge=curl&imgtk=AFLRE738MmOEJcsr3DmmjErZ-vI9EYZ47BGAb0giYe6_MDjoZybrU7JTMyxND6luiqnQRMil8mnvjk0vbBAZDMl0gi4oEIe1ZxQfl8Gg2NeGmA2HPoWXDI6CW_l2wxVyc9H1D5H-UBoN"/><script></script><style>#gbar,#guser{font-size:13px;padding-top:1px !important;}#gbar{height:22px}#guser{padding-bottom:7px !important;text-align:right}.gbh,.gbd{border-top:1px solid #c9d7f1;font-size:1px}.gbh{height:0;position:absolute;top:24px;width:100%}@media all{.gb1{height:22px;margin-right:.5em;vertical-align:top}#gbar{float:left}}a.gb1,a.gb4{text-decoration:underline !important}a.gb1,a.gb4{color:#00c !important}.gbi .gb4{color:#dd8e27 !important}.gbf .gb4{color:#900 !important} #gbar { padding:.3em .6em !important;}</style></head><body class=""><div id=gbar><nobr><a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://www.google.com.sg/search?tab=pw">Search</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://www.google.com.sg/imghp?hl=en&tab=pi">Images</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://maps.google.com.sg/maps?hl=en&tab=pl">Maps</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://play.google.com/?hl=en&tab=p8">Play</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://www.youtube.com/?tab=p1">YouTube</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://news.google.com/?tab=pn">News</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://mail.google.com/mail/?tab=pm">Gmail</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://drive.google.com/?tab=po">Drive</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 style="text-decoration:none" href="https://www.google.com.sg/intl/en/about/products?tab=ph"><u>More</u> »</a></nobr></div><div id=guser width=100%><nobr><span id=gbn class=gbi></span><span id=gbf class=gbf></span><span id=gbe></span><a target=_top id=gb_70 href="https://www.google.com/accounts/Login?service=print&continue=https://books.google.com.sg/books%3Fid%3DUaYdpfAZDBMC%26pg%3DPA70%26redir_esc%3Dy%26hl%3Den&hl=en&ec=GAZACg" class=gb4>Sign in</a></nobr></div><div class=gbh style=left:0></div><div class=gbh style=right:0></div><div role="alert" style="position: absolute; left: 0; right: 0;"><a href="https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=UaYdpfAZDBMC&pg=PA70&redir_esc=y&hl=en&output=html_text" title="Screen reader users: click this link for accessible mode. Accessible mode has the same essential features but works better with your reader."><img border="0" src="//www.google.com/images/cleardot.gif"alt="Screen reader users: click this link for accessible mode. Accessible mode has the same essential features but works better with your reader."></a></div><div class="kd-appbar"><h2 class="kd-appname"><a href="/books">Books</a></h2><div class="kd-buttonbar left" id="left-toolbar-buttons"><a id="appbar-view-print-sample-link" href="https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=UaYdpfAZDBMC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_vpt_read"></a><a id="appbar-view-ebook-sample-link" href="https://play.google.com/books/reader?id=UaYdpfAZDBMC&source=gbs_vpt_read"></a><a id="appbar-patents-prior-art-finder-link" href=""></a><a id="appbar-patents-discuss-this-link" href="" data-is-grant=""></a><a id="appbar-read-patent-link" href=""></a><a id="appbar-download-pdf-link" href=""></a></div><div class="kd-buttonbar right" id="right-toolbar-buttons"></div></div><div style="display: none"><ol id="ofe-gear-menu-contents" class="gbmcc"><li class="gbe gbmtc"><a class="gbmt goog-menuitem-content" id="" href="https://www.google.com/accounts/Login?service=print&continue=https://books.google.com.sg/books%3Fop%3Dlibrary&hl=en">My library</a></li><li class="gbe gbmtc"><a class="gbmt goog-menuitem-content" id="" href="http://books.google.com.sg/support/topic/4359341?hl=en-SG">Help</a></li><li class="gbe gbmtc"><a class="gbmt goog-menuitem-content" id="" href="https://books.google.com.sg/advanced_book_search">Advanced Book Search</a></li></ol></div><div id="volume-main"><div id="volume-left"><div id=menu_container ><div id="menu_scroll_wrapper"><div id="menu_scroll" role="navigation"><div id="gb-get-book-container"><a href="https://play.google.com/store/books/details?id=UaYdpfAZDBMC&rdid=book-UaYdpfAZDBMC&rdot=1&source=gbs_vpt_read&pcampaignid=books_booksearch_viewport" id="gb-get-book-content">Buy eBook - SGD聽58.82</a></div><p id="gb-buy-options-trigger" class="gb-buy-options-link">Get this book in print</p><h3 class=about_title><a name="buy_anchor"></a></h3><div id=buy class=about_content><div id=buy_v><ul style="list-style-type: none; padding-left: 0; margin: 0;"><li><a style="white-space:normal" href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/search?index=books&linkCode=qs&keywords=9780810870574" dir=ltr onMouseOver="this.href='http://www.amazon.com/gp/search?index\x3dbooks\x26linkCode\x3dqs\x26keywords\x3d9780810870574';return false" onMouseDown="this.href='/url?client\x3dca-print-rowman_scarecrow_press\x26format\x3dgoogleprint\x26num\x3d0\x26id\x3dUaYdpfAZDBMC\x26q\x3dhttp://www.amazon.com/gp/search%3Findex%3Dbooks%26linkCode%3Dqs%26keywords%3D9780810870574\x26usg\x3dAOvVaw0PTLNG8b8LUHODufPiP5vA\x26source\x3dgbs_buy_r';return true"><span dir=ltr>Amazon.com</span></a></li><li><a style="white-space:normal" href="http://www.mphonline.com/books/nsearch.aspx?do=detail&pcode=9780810870574" dir=ltr onMouseOver="this.href='http://www.mphonline.com/books/nsearch.aspx?do\x3ddetail\x26pcode\x3d9780810870574';return false" onMouseDown="this.href='/url?client\x3dca-print-rowman_scarecrow_press\x26format\x3dgoogleprint\x26num\x3d0\x26id\x3dUaYdpfAZDBMC\x26q\x3dhttp://www.mphonline.com/books/nsearch.aspx%3Fdo%3Ddetail%26pcode%3D9780810870574\x26usg\x3dAOvVaw0RbZmbmXEWgqRT1gfpXhd1\x26source\x3dgbs_buy_r';return true"><span dir=ltr>MPH</span></a></li><li><a style="white-space:normal" href="https://www.popular.com.sg/catalogsearch/result/?q=9780810870574" dir=ltr onMouseOver="this.href='https://www.popular.com.sg/catalogsearch/result/?q\x3d9780810870574';return false" onMouseDown="this.href='/url?client\x3dca-print-rowman_scarecrow_press\x26format\x3dgoogleprint\x26num\x3d0\x26id\x3dUaYdpfAZDBMC\x26q\x3dhttps://www.popular.com.sg/catalogsearch/result/%3Fq%3D9780810870574\x26usg\x3dAOvVaw1cAKuBJ7_5t-q6YwB8pa36\x26source\x3dgbs_buy_r';return true"><span dir=ltr>Popular</span></a></li><li><hr style="margin-right: 20%; color: #666;"></li><li><a style="white-space:normal" href="https://books.google.com.sg/url?id=UaYdpfAZDBMC&pg=PA70&q=http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1162342464&clientid=librarylink&usg=AOvVaw32L3kFlLVEIfVL9jHpMGZc&source=gbs_buy_r"><span dir=ltr>Find in a library</span></a></li><li><a class="secondary" style="white-space:normal" href="https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=UaYdpfAZDBMC&sitesec=buy&source=gbs_buy_r" id="get-all-sellers-link"><span dir=ltr>All sellers</span> »</a></li></ul></div></div><div class=menu id=menu><div class="menu_content" style="margin-bottom:6px"><div style="margin-bottom:4px"><div class="sidebarnav"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td><div class="sidebarcover"><a href="https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=UaYdpfAZDBMC&printsec=frontcover" onclick="_OC_Page('PR1',this.href); return false;"><img src="https://books.google.com.sg/books/content?id=UaYdpfAZDBMC&printsec=frontcover&img=1&zoom=5&edge=curl&imgtk=AFLRE70CfSBIn8ygnIzoX-T7-b_GqXrvfLhNbeU-O6zKFGHNcx9FDbBaw9Xtm9RYGW30aSDvwWvMlAUgCAYktq6CfPUOxpyFR6GuLiXVpbKTc6ps1rjvFQ1su1ANTQo4uACdNcdCWEZv" alt="Front Cover" title="Front Cover" height=80 border=1 id=summary-frontcover ></a></div></td><td></td></tr></table></div><div style="clear:both"></div></div><div id="volume-info-sidebar"><h1 class="gb-volume-title" dir=ltr>The A to Z of the Coptic Church</h1><span class="addmd">By Gawdat Gabra</span></div><div style="margin-bottom:3px"><form action=/books id=search_form style="margin:0px;padding:0px;" method=get> <input type=hidden name="redir_esc" value="y"><input type=hidden name="id" value="UaYdpfAZDBMC"><table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 class="swv-table"><tr><td class="swv-td-search"><span><input id=search_form_input type=text maxlength=1024 class="text_flat swv-input-search" aria-label="Search in this book" name=q value="" title="Go" accesskey=i></span></td><td class="swv-td-space"><div> </div></td><td><input type=submit value="Go"></td></tr></table><script type="text/javascript">if (window['_OC_autoDir']) {_OC_autoDir('search_form_input');}</script></form></div><div><p><a id="sidebar-atb-link" href="https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=UaYdpfAZDBMC&source=gbs_navlinks_s"><span dir=ltr>About this book</span></a></p></div></div></div><div><div id="navbarContainer" class="gb-navbar"></div><script>_OC_InitNavbar({"child_node":[{"title":"My library","url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?uid=114584440181414684107\u0026source=gbs_lp_bookshelf_list","id":"my_library","collapsed":true},{"title":"My History","url":"","id":"my_history","collapsed":true}],"highlighted_node_id":""});</script><a href="/intl/en/googlebooks/tos.html" target="_blank">Terms of Service</a><h3 class=about_title><a name="pub_info_anchor"></a></h3><div id=pub_info class=about_content><div id=pub_info_v><table cellspacing=0><tr><td><a href="https://books.google.com.sg/url?id=UaYdpfAZDBMC&pg=PA70&q=http://www.rowman.com&clientid=ca-print-rowman_scarecrow_press&linkid=1&usg=AOvVaw0MkAbT9vp3Q1ZuZE5HWWzK&source=gbs_pub_info_r" style="text-decoration:none"><img width=143 height=35 border=0 src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/imgad?id=CN3_ivnLhIm55gEQtAEYLDIIpwRAilrpsmM" alt="Scarecrow Press"></a><tr><td style="font-size:84.6%;color:#666666">Pages displayed by permission of <a class=link_aux href="https://books.google.com.sg/url?id=UaYdpfAZDBMC&pg=PA70&q=http://www.rowman.com&clientid=ca-print-rowman_scarecrow_press&linkid=1&usg=AOvVaw0MkAbT9vp3Q1ZuZE5HWWzK&source=gbs_pub_info_r">Scarecrow Press</a>. <a style="color:#7777cc;white-space:normal" href="https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=UaYdpfAZDBMC&printsec=copyright&source=gbs_pub_info_r">Copyright</a>. </table></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div id="volume-center"><div id="scroll_atb" role="main"><div id="toolbar_container"><div style="float:left;white-space:nowrap"><table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr><td id="l_toolbar"></td><td class=toolbar-pc-cell><table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr><td class=no-jump-cell align=right><span id=page_label style="margin-right:.5em">Page 70</span></td><td class=arrow style="padding-right:2px"><a href="https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=UaYdpfAZDBMC&pg=PA69&lpg=PA70&focus=viewport" onclick="_OC_EmptyFunc(this.href); return false;"><div class=pagination><div id=prev_btn alt="Previous Page" title="Previous Page" class="SPRITE_pagination_v2_left"></div></div></a></td><td class=arrow><a href="https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=UaYdpfAZDBMC&pg=PA71&lpg=PA70&focus=viewport" onclick="_OC_EmptyFunc(this.href); return false;"><div class=pagination><div id=next_btn alt="Next Page" title="Next Page" class="SPRITE_pagination_v2_right"></div></div></a></td></tr></table></td><td> </td><td id=view_toolbar></td><td id=view_new></td></tr></table></div><div style="float:right"><table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr><td></td><td id="r_toolbar" style="white-space:nowrap"></td></tr></table></div><div style="clear:both"></div></div><div id="search_bar"></div><div class="gback"><div id="viewport" class="viewport" tabindex="0"><a name="page" accesskey="c"></a><table class="viewport-table" id="container" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td valign="top" align="center"><noscript><style type=text/css>.imgg { width:575px;height:889px;background:#eee;padding-bottom:25px}</style><div class=imgg><div align=center><table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width=500 align=center style="margin-top:2em"><tr><td rowspan=2 valign=top style="width:9px;background:#fff url('/googlebooks/bbl_l.gif') top left repeat-y"><img src="/googlebooks/bbl_tl.gif" width=9 height=7 alt=""></td><td style="background:url('/googlebooks/bbl_t.gif') top left repeat-x"><img width=1 height=7 alt=""></td><td rowspan=2 valign=top style="width:10px;background:#fff url('/googlebooks/bbl_r.gif') top right repeat-y"><img src="/googlebooks/bbl_tr.gif" width=10 height=7 alt=""></td></tr><tr><td align=center style="background:#ff9;text-align:center;line-height:1.2em"><div style="margin:1em"><img width=60 height=60 align=absmiddle src="/googlebooks/restricted_logo.gif" alt=""> <span style="font-weight:bold;font-size:1.2em"><br>Restricted Page</span></div><div style="margin:1em" align=left>You have reached your viewing limit for this book (<a href=https://books.google.com.sg/support/answer/43729?topic=9259&hl=en>why?</a>).</div></td></tr><tr><td><img src="/googlebooks/bbl_bl.gif" width=9 height=9 alt=""></td><td style="background:url('/googlebooks/bbl_b.gif') bottom left repeat-x"><img width=1 height=9 alt=""></td><td><img src="/googlebooks/bbl_br.gif" width=10 height=9 alt=""></td></tr></table></div></div></noscript></td></tr></table></div></div><script>_OC_addFlags({Host:"https://books.google.com.sg/", IsBrowsingHistoryEnabled:1, IsBooksUnifiedLeftNavEnabled:1, IsBooksRentalEnabled:1, IsZipitFolderCollectionEnabled:1});_OC_Run({"page":[{"pid":"PR1","flags":32,"order":0,"title":"i"},{"pid":"PR7","order":6,"title":"vii"},{"pid":"PR8","order":7,"title":"viii"},{"pid":"PR11","order":10,"title":"xi"},{"pid":"PR12","order":11,"title":"xii"},{"pid":"PR13","order":12,"title":"xiii"},{"pid":"PR14","order":13,"title":"xiv"},{"pid":"PR15","order":14,"title":"xv"},{"pid":"PR16","order":15,"title":"xvi"},{"pid":"PR17","order":16,"title":"xvii"},{"pid":"PR18","order":17,"title":"xviii"},{"pid":"PR19","order":18,"title":"xix"},{"pid":"PR20","order":19,"title":"xx"},{"pid":"PR21","order":20,"title":"xxi"},{"pid":"PR22","order":21,"title":"xxii"},{"pid":"PR23","order":22,"title":"xxiii"},{"pid":"PR24","order":23,"title":"xxiv"},{"pid":"PA1","order":24,"title":"1"},{"pid":"PA2","order":25,"title":"2"},{"pid":"PA3","order":26,"title":"3"},{"pid":"PA4","order":27,"title":"4"},{"pid":"PA5","order":28,"title":"5"},{"pid":"PA6","order":29,"title":"6"},{"pid":"PA7","order":30,"title":"7"},{"pid":"PA8","order":31,"title":"8"},{"pid":"PA9","order":32,"title":"9"},{"pid":"PA10","order":33,"title":"10"},{"pid":"PA11","order":34,"title":"11"},{"pid":"PA12","order":35,"title":"12"},{"pid":"PA13","order":36,"title":"13"},{"pid":"PA14","order":37,"title":"14"},{"pid":"PA15","order":38,"title":"15"},{"pid":"PA16","order":39,"title":"16"},{"pid":"PA17","order":40,"title":"17"},{"pid":"PA18","order":41,"title":"18"},{"pid":"PA19","order":42,"title":"19"},{"pid":"PA20","order":43,"title":"20"},{"pid":"PA21","order":44,"title":"21"},{"pid":"PA22","order":45,"title":"22"},{"pid":"PA23","order":46,"title":"23"},{"pid":"PA24","order":47,"title":"24"},{"pid":"PA25","order":48,"title":"25"},{"pid":"PA26","order":49,"title":"26"},{"pid":"PA27","order":50,"title":"27"},{"pid":"PA28","order":51,"title":"28"},{"pid":"PA29","order":52,"title":"29"},{"pid":"PA30","order":53,"title":"30"},{"pid":"PA31","order":54,"title":"31"},{"pid":"PA32","order":55,"title":"32"},{"pid":"PA33","order":56,"title":"33"},{"pid":"PA34","order":57,"title":"34"},{"pid":"PA35","order":58,"title":"35"},{"pid":"PA36","order":59,"title":"36"},{"pid":"PA37","order":60,"title":"37"},{"pid":"PA38","order":61,"title":"38"},{"pid":"PA39","order":62,"title":"39"},{"pid":"PA40","order":63,"title":"40"},{"pid":"PA41","order":64,"title":"41"},{"pid":"PA42","order":65,"title":"42"},{"pid":"PA43","order":66,"title":"43"},{"pid":"PA44","order":67,"title":"44"},{"pid":"PA45","order":68,"title":"45"},{"pid":"PA46","order":69,"title":"46"},{"pid":"PA47","order":70,"title":"47"},{"pid":"PA48","order":71,"title":"48"},{"pid":"PA49","order":72,"title":"49"},{"pid":"PA50","order":73,"title":"50"},{"pid":"PA51","order":74,"title":"51"},{"pid":"PA52","order":75,"title":"52"},{"pid":"PA53","order":76,"title":"53"},{"pid":"PA54","order":77,"title":"54"},{"pid":"PA55","order":78,"title":"55"},{"pid":"PA56","order":79,"title":"56"},{"pid":"PA57","order":80,"title":"57"},{"pid":"PA58","order":81,"title":"58"},{"pid":"PA59","order":82,"title":"59"},{"pid":"PA60","order":83,"title":"60"},{"pid":"PA61","order":84,"title":"61"},{"pid":"PA62","order":85,"title":"62"},{"pid":"PA63","order":86,"title":"63"},{"pid":"PA64","order":87,"title":"64"},{"pid":"PA65","order":88,"title":"65"},{"pid":"PA66","order":89,"title":"66"},{"pid":"PA67","order":90,"title":"67"},{"pid":"PA68","order":91,"title":"68"},{"pid":"PA69","flags":8,"order":92,"title":"69"},{"pid":"PA70","flags":8,"order":93,"title":"70"},{"pid":"PA71","flags":8,"order":94,"title":"71"},{"pid":"PA72","flags":8,"order":95,"title":"72"},{"pid":"PA73","flags":8,"order":96,"title":"73"},{"pid":"PA74","order":97,"title":"74"},{"pid":"PA75","order":98,"title":"75"},{"pid":"PA76","order":99,"title":"76"},{"pid":"PA77","order":100,"title":"77"},{"pid":"PA78","order":101,"title":"78"},{"pid":"PA79","order":102,"title":"79"},{"pid":"PA80","order":103,"title":"80"},{"pid":"PA81","order":104,"title":"81"},{"pid":"PA82","order":105,"title":"82"},{"pid":"PA83","order":106,"title":"83"},{"pid":"PA84","order":107,"title":"84"},{"pid":"PA85","order":108,"title":"85"},{"pid":"PA86","order":109,"title":"86"},{"pid":"PA87","order":110,"title":"87"},{"pid":"PA88","order":111,"title":"88"},{"pid":"PA89","order":112,"title":"89"},{"pid":"PA90","order":113,"title":"90"},{"pid":"PA91","order":114,"title":"91"},{"pid":"PA92","order":115,"title":"92"},{"pid":"PA93","order":116,"title":"93"},{"pid":"PA94","order":117,"title":"94"},{"pid":"PA95","order":118,"title":"95"},{"pid":"PA96","order":119,"title":"96"},{"pid":"PA97","order":120,"title":"97"},{"pid":"PA98","order":121,"title":"98"},{"pid":"PA99","order":122,"title":"99"},{"pid":"PA100","order":123,"title":"100"},{"pid":"PA101","order":124,"title":"101"},{"pid":"PA102","order":125,"title":"102"},{"pid":"PA103","order":126,"title":"103"},{"pid":"PA104","order":127,"title":"104"},{"pid":"PA105","order":128,"title":"105"},{"pid":"PA106","order":129,"title":"106"},{"pid":"PA107","order":130,"title":"107"},{"pid":"PA108","order":131,"title":"108"},{"pid":"PA109","order":132,"title":"109"},{"pid":"PA110","order":133,"title":"110"},{"pid":"PA111","order":134,"title":"111"},{"pid":"PA112","order":135,"title":"112"},{"pid":"PA113","order":136,"title":"113"},{"pid":"PA114","order":137,"title":"114"},{"pid":"PA115","order":138,"title":"115"},{"pid":"PA116","order":139,"title":"116"},{"pid":"PA117","order":140,"title":"117"},{"pid":"PA118","order":141,"title":"118"},{"pid":"PA119","order":142,"title":"119"},{"pid":"PA120","order":143,"title":"120"},{"pid":"PA121","order":144,"title":"121"},{"pid":"PA122","order":145,"title":"122"},{"pid":"PA123","order":146,"title":"123"},{"pid":"PA124","order":147,"title":"124"},{"pid":"PA125","order":148,"title":"125"},{"pid":"PA126","order":149,"title":"126"},{"pid":"PA127","order":150,"title":"127"},{"pid":"PA128","order":151,"title":"128"},{"pid":"PA129","order":152,"title":"129"},{"pid":"PA130","order":153,"title":"130"},{"pid":"PA131","order":154,"title":"131"},{"pid":"PA132","order":155,"title":"132"},{"pid":"PA133","order":156,"title":"133"},{"pid":"PA134","order":157,"title":"134"},{"pid":"PA135","order":158,"title":"135"},{"pid":"PA136","order":159,"title":"136"},{"pid":"PA137","order":160,"title":"137"},{"pid":"PA138","order":161,"title":"138"},{"pid":"PA139","order":162,"title":"139"},{"pid":"PA140","order":163,"title":"140"},{"pid":"PA141","order":164,"title":"141"},{"pid":"PA142","order":165,"title":"142"},{"pid":"PA143","order":166,"title":"143"},{"pid":"PA144","order":167,"title":"144"},{"pid":"PA145","order":168,"title":"145"},{"pid":"PA146","order":169,"title":"146"},{"pid":"PA147","order":170,"title":"147"},{"pid":"PA148","order":171,"title":"148"},{"pid":"PA149","order":172,"title":"149"},{"pid":"PA150","order":173,"title":"150"},{"pid":"PA151","order":174,"title":"151"},{"pid":"PA152","order":175,"title":"152"},{"pid":"PA153","order":176,"title":"153"},{"pid":"PA154","order":177,"title":"154"},{"pid":"PA157","order":180,"title":"157"},{"pid":"PA158","order":181,"title":"158"},{"pid":"PA159","order":182,"title":"159"},{"pid":"PA160","order":183,"title":"160"},{"pid":"PA161","order":184,"title":"161"},{"pid":"PA162","order":185,"title":"162"},{"pid":"PA163","order":186,"title":"163"},{"pid":"PA166","order":189,"title":"166"},{"pid":"PA167","order":190,"title":"167"},{"pid":"PA168","order":191,"title":"168"},{"pid":"PA169","order":192,"title":"169"},{"pid":"PA170","order":193,"title":"170"},{"pid":"PA174","order":197,"title":"174"},{"pid":"PA182","order":205,"title":"182"},{"pid":"PA183","order":206,"title":"183"},{"pid":"PA184","order":207,"title":"184"},{"pid":"PA185","order":208,"title":"185"},{"pid":"PA186","order":209,"title":"186"},{"pid":"PA187","order":210,"title":"187"},{"pid":"PA190","order":213,"title":"190"},{"pid":"PA195","order":218,"title":"195"},{"pid":"PA198","order":221,"title":"198"},{"pid":"PA201","order":224,"title":"201"},{"pid":"PA202","order":225,"title":"202"},{"pid":"PA203","order":226,"title":"203"},{"pid":"PA204","order":227,"title":"204"},{"pid":"PA205","order":228,"title":"205"},{"pid":"PA206","order":229,"title":"206"},{"pid":"PA207","order":230,"title":"207"},{"pid":"PA208","order":231,"title":"208"},{"pid":"PA209","order":232,"title":"209"},{"pid":"PA212","order":235,"title":"212"},{"pid":"PA213","order":236,"title":"213"},{"pid":"PA214","order":237,"title":"214"},{"pid":"PA215","order":238,"title":"215"},{"pid":"PA216","order":239,"title":"216"},{"pid":"PA217","order":240,"title":"217"},{"pid":"PA220","order":243,"title":"220"},{"pid":"PA221","order":244,"title":"221"},{"pid":"PA222","order":245,"title":"222"},{"pid":"PA223","order":246,"title":"223"},{"pid":"PA228","order":251,"title":"228"},{"pid":"PA229","order":252,"title":"229"},{"pid":"PA230","order":253,"title":"230"},{"pid":"PA231","order":254,"title":"231"},{"pid":"PA232","order":255,"title":"232"},{"pid":"PA233","order":256,"title":"233"},{"pid":"PA236","order":259,"title":"236"},{"pid":"PA237","order":260,"title":"237"},{"pid":"PA238","order":261,"title":"238"},{"pid":"PA239","order":262,"title":"239"},{"pid":"PA240","order":263,"title":"240"},{"pid":"PA241","order":264,"title":"241"},{"pid":"PA242","order":265,"title":"242"},{"pid":"PA243","order":266,"title":"243"},{"pid":"PA246","order":269,"title":"246"},{"pid":"PA247","order":270,"title":"247"},{"pid":"PA248","order":271,"title":"248"},{"pid":"PA253","order":276,"title":"253"},{"pid":"PA254","order":277,"title":"254"},{"pid":"PA255","order":278,"title":"255"},{"pid":"PA256","order":279,"title":"256"},{"pid":"PA257","order":280,"title":"257"},{"pid":"PA261","order":284,"title":"261"},{"pid":"PA262","order":285,"title":"262"},{"pid":"PA265","order":288,"title":"265"},{"pid":"PA268","order":291,"title":"268"},{"pid":"PA269","order":292,"title":"269"},{"pid":"PA270","order":293,"title":"270"},{"pid":"PA271","order":294,"title":"271"},{"pid":"PA272","order":295,"title":"272"},{"pid":"PA273","order":296,"title":"273"},{"pid":"PA281","order":304,"title":"281"},{"pid":"PA282","order":305,"title":"282"},{"pid":"PA283","order":306,"title":"283"},{"pid":"PA288","order":311,"title":"288"},{"pid":"PA289","order":312,"title":"289"},{"pid":"PA290","order":313,"title":"290"},{"pid":"PA291","order":314,"title":"291"},{"pid":"PA292","order":315,"title":"292"},{"pid":"PA294","order":317,"title":"294"},{"pid":"PA331","order":354,"title":"331"},{"pid":"PA332","order":355,"title":"332"}],"prefix":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=UaYdpfAZDBMC\u0026lpg=PA70"},{"fullview":false,"page_width":575,"page_height":889,"font_height":15,"first_content_page":24,"disable_twopage":true,"initial_zoom_width_override":685,"show_print_pages_button":false,"title":"The A to Z of the Coptic Church","subtitle":"","attribution":"By Gawdat Gabra","additional_info":{"[JsonBookInfo]":{"BuyLinks":[{"Seller":"Amazon.com","Url":"http://www.amazon.com/gp/search?index=books\u0026linkCode=qs\u0026keywords=9780810870574","TrackingUrl":"/url?client=ca-print-rowman_scarecrow_press\u0026format=googleprint\u0026num=0\u0026id=UaYdpfAZDBMC\u0026q=http://www.amazon.com/gp/search%3Findex%3Dbooks%26linkCode%3Dqs%26keywords%3D9780810870574\u0026usg=AOvVaw0PTLNG8b8LUHODufPiP5vA"},{"Seller":"MPH","Url":"http://www.mphonline.com/books/nsearch.aspx?do=detail\u0026pcode=9780810870574","TrackingUrl":"/url?client=ca-print-rowman_scarecrow_press\u0026format=googleprint\u0026num=0\u0026id=UaYdpfAZDBMC\u0026q=http://www.mphonline.com/books/nsearch.aspx%3Fdo%3Ddetail%26pcode%3D9780810870574\u0026usg=AOvVaw0RbZmbmXEWgqRT1gfpXhd1"},{"Seller":"Popular","Url":"https://www.popular.com.sg/catalogsearch/result/?q=9780810870574","TrackingUrl":"/url?client=ca-print-rowman_scarecrow_press\u0026format=googleprint\u0026num=0\u0026id=UaYdpfAZDBMC\u0026q=https://www.popular.com.sg/catalogsearch/result/%3Fq%3D9780810870574\u0026usg=AOvVaw1cAKuBJ7_5t-q6YwB8pa36"}],"AboutUrl":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=UaYdpfAZDBMC","PreviewUrl":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=UaYdpfAZDBMC","allowed_syndication_flags":{"allow_disabling_chrome":true},"online_access":{"url":"https://play.google.com/store/books/details?id=UaYdpfAZDBMC\u0026rdid=book-UaYdpfAZDBMC\u0026rdot=1","price":"SGD聽58.82","list_price":"SGD聽78.92"},"TocLine":[{"Title":"Introduction","Pid":"PA1","PgNum":"1","Order":24},{"Title":"Dictionary","Pid":"PA13","PgNum":"13","Order":36},{"Title":"Bibliography","Pid":"PA273","PgNum":"273","Order":296},{"Title":"About the Author and Contributors","Pid":"PA331","PgNum":"331","Order":354}]}},"table_of_contents_page_id":"PR11","max_resolution_image_width":1280,"max_resolution_image_height":1978,"num_toc_pages":1,"quality_info":"We have no quality information about this book.","volume_id":"UaYdpfAZDBMC","permission_info":"Pages displayed by permission of \u003ca class=link_aux href=\"https://books.google.com.sg/url?id=UaYdpfAZDBMC\u0026pg=PA70\u0026q=http://www.rowman.com\u0026clientid=ca-print-rowman_scarecrow_press\u0026linkid=1\u0026usg=AOvVaw0MkAbT9vp3Q1ZuZE5HWWzK\u0026source=gbs_pub_info_r\"\u003eScarecrow Press\u003c/a\u003e","is_ebook":true,"volumeresult":{"has_flowing_text":true,"has_scanned_text":true,"can_download_pdf":false,"can_download_epub":false,"is_pdf_drm_enabled":false,"is_epub_drm_enabled":false},"publisher":"Scarecrow Press","publication_date":"2009.10.26","subject":"Religion","num_pages":356,"sample_url":"https://play.google.com/books/reader?id=UaYdpfAZDBMC\u0026source=gbs_vpt_hover","synposis":"During the first century, Saint Mark brought Christianity to Egypt and in so doing, formed the basis for the Coptic Orthodox Church. Today, Copts, members of the Coptic Church, compromise the largest Christian Community in the Middle East. The Coptic Church is more than 19 centuries old and has produced thousands of texts and biblical and theological studies. During the last half of the 20th century, however, economic and political discrimination has forced between 400,000 and one million Copts to emigrate from Egypt, with the majority settling in North America and Australia. The A to Z of the Coptic Church details the history of one of the oldest Christian churches. This is done through a chronology, an introductory essay, a bibliography, and more than 400 cross-referenced dictionary entries on important people, organizations, and structures; the theology and practices of the church; its literature and liturgy; and monasteries and churches.","my_library_url":"https://www.google.com/accounts/Login?service=print\u0026continue=https://books.google.com.sg/books%3Fop%3Dlibrary\u0026hl=en","is_magazine":false,"is_public_domain":false,"last_page":{"pid":"PA332","order":355,"title":"332"}},{"enableUserFeedbackUI":true,"pseudocontinuous":true,"is_cobrand":false,"sign_in_url":"https://www.google.com/accounts/Login?service=print\u0026continue=https://books.google.com.sg/books%3Fid%3DUaYdpfAZDBMC%26pg%3DPA70%26redir_esc%3Dy%26hl%3Den\u0026hl=en","isEntityPageViewport":false,"showViewportOnboarding":false,"showViewportPlainTextOnboarding":false},{"page":[{"pid":"PA70","flags":8,"order":93}]},null,null,{});</script></div></div></div><script>(function() {var href = window.location.href;if (href.indexOf('?') !== -1) {var parameters = href.split('?')[1].split('&');for (var i = 0; i < parameters.length; i++) {var param = parameters[i].split('=');if (param[0] == 'focus') {var elem = document.getElementById(param[1]);if (elem) {elem.focus();}}}}})();</script>