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Territory, Australia</div> <p> <b>Yalangbara</b> is a coastal area in the <a href="/wiki/Arnhem_Land" title="Arnhem Land">East Arnhem</a> (Miwatj) region of Australia's <a href="/wiki/Northern_Territory" title="Northern Territory">Northern Territory</a>, around 35 km (22 mi) south of <a href="/wiki/Nhulunbuy" title="Nhulunbuy">Nhulunbuy</a>, the largest town in the area. It is on the <a href="/wiki/Country_(Indigenous_Australians)" title="Country (Indigenous Australians)">country</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Rirratjingu" class="mw-redirect" title="Rirratjingu">Rirratjingu</a> clan of the <a href="/wiki/Yol%C5%8Bu" class="mw-redirect" title="Yolŋu">Yolŋu</a> people, and is one of the most significant cultural areas for the Yolŋu because of its role in the <a href="/wiki/Creation_story" class="mw-redirect" title="Creation story">creation story</a> of the Rirratjingu clan, based on the <a href="/wiki/Djang%27kawu" title="Djang'kawu">Djang'kawu</a> ancestors. </p><p>In Yolŋu terminology, Yalangbara is a <i>yaku bathala</i> (literally "big name"), a term for a general area that comprises various named localities, comprising the area south of <a href="/wiki/Yirrkala" title="Yirrkala">Yirrkala</a> including the Yalangbara Peninsula (also known as the <b>Port Bradshaw Peninsula</b> or <b>Port Bradshaw</b>) as well as <b>Lalawuy Bay</b>, adjacent coastline and the nearby islands such as <b>Wapilina Island</b>. It covers around 210 km<sup>2</sup> (81 sq mi) of land and coastal waters. However, the name can be applied to different areas, depending upon context; it may refer to the small beach site related to the <a href="/wiki/Djang%27kawu" title="Djang'kawu">Djang'kawu</a> myth (see below), or the whole eastern side of the peninsula. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yalangbara,_Northern_Territory&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Yalangbara covers around 210 km<sup>2</sup> (81 sq mi) of almost untouched land and coastal waters.<sup id="cite_ref-nmayalangbara_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nmayalangbara-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It lies around 35 km (22 mi) south of Nhulunbuy, the largest town in East Arnhem Land.<sup id="cite_ref-west2008p31_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-west2008p31-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The main beach, known as Yalangbara beach (or just Yalangbara, depending on context<sup id="cite_ref-nmayalangbara_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nmayalangbara-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), is a white sand beach located on Yalangbara Peninsula (also known as the Port Bradshaw Peninsula or Cape Arnhem Peninsula) and faces east into the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Carpentaria" title="Gulf of Carpentaria">Gulf of Carpentaria</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The community of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bawaka,_Northern_Territory&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bawaka, Northern Territory (page does not exist)">Bawaka</a> is also located on this peninsula. The area is dominated by one of the largest coastal dune systems in the Northern Territory, at 16 km (9.9 mi) long, up to 2 km (1.2 mi) wide,<sup id="cite_ref-west2008p31_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-west2008p31-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> from 20 m (66 ft) to 80 m (260 ft) high, running down the centre of the peninsula.<sup id="cite_ref-nmayalangbara_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nmayalangbara-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Access is via a 22 km (14 mi) bush track from Yirrkala.<sup id="cite_ref-nmayalangbara_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nmayalangbara-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aboriginal_significance">Aboriginal significance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yalangbara,_Northern_Territory&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Aboriginal significance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Yalangbara lies within the country of the Rirratjingu clan of the Yolŋu people.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Yolŋu terminology, Yalangbara is a <i>yaku bathala</i> (literally "big name"), a term for a general area that comprises various named localities,<sup id="cite_ref-west2008p31_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-west2008p31-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-wam_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wam-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> comprising the area south of <a href="/wiki/Yirrkala" title="Yirrkala">Yirrkala</a> including the Yalangbara Peninsula, aka Port Bradshaw (Peninsula) as well as the nearby islands, Lalawuy Bay and adjacent coastline.<sup id="cite_ref-wam_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wam-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Yalangbara beach is important as the first site the mythical <a href="/wiki/Djang%27kawu" title="Djang'kawu">Djang'kawu</a> siblings, two female and one male, reached on the Australian mainland. The sisters were the custodians of <a href="/wiki/Australian_Aboriginal_law" class="mw-redirect" title="Australian Aboriginal law">ceremonial law</a>, and carried with them their <a href="/wiki/Digging_stick" title="Digging stick">digging sticks</a> (<i>mawalan</i><sup id="cite_ref-nma_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nma-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), feathered <a href="/wiki/Headwear" class="mw-redirect" title="Headwear">headwear</a> and <a href="/wiki/Australian_Aboriginal_artefacts#Sacred_items" title="Australian Aboriginal artefacts">sacred objects</a> hidden in their basket and mats. The objects changed into various <a href="/wiki/Landform" title="Landform">landforms</a> along their route, and they created <a href="/wiki/Freshwater" class="mw-redirect" title="Freshwater">freshwater</a> wells at Yalangbara by plunging their <a href="/wiki/Digging_stick" title="Digging stick">digging sticks</a> into the sand, after which the digging sticks turned into a variety of plant species. There is still freshwater to be found under the sandy beach, and is believed to have healing properties.<sup id="cite_ref-wam_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wam-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-nmayalangbara_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nmayalangbara-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A site known as <b>Balma</b>, high among the <a href="/wiki/Sand_dune" class="mw-redirect" title="Sand dune">sand dunes</a>, is of particular significance as it was here that the Djang'kawu sisters gave birth to the first of the Rirratjingu clan. Access to this site is restricted.<sup id="cite_ref-wam_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wam-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From Yalangbara the Djang'kawu travelled west, establishing the <a href="/wiki/Dhuwa" class="mw-redirect" title="Dhuwa">Dhuwa</a> moiety of the Yolŋu people.<sup id="cite_ref-west2008p31_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-west2008p31-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Marika#Surname" title="Marika">Marika family</a>, who trace their ancestry to the original Dhuwa moiety, are the <a href="/wiki/Traditional_owners" class="mw-redirect" title="Traditional owners">traditional owners</a> of the land, and they manage the area's rich <a href="/wiki/Biodiversity" title="Biodiversity">biodiversity</a>. They are also custodians of Djang’kawu law, which is expressed in <a href="/wiki/Aboriginal_ceremony" class="mw-redirect" title="Aboriginal ceremony">ritual ceremonies</a> and art. Many members of the family started producing paintings when they lived at the Yirrkala mission from 1935 onwards.<sup id="cite_ref-wam_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wam-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <i>Yalangbara: art of the Djang’kawu</i> touring exhibition, instigated by <a href="/wiki/Banduk_Marika" title="Banduk Marika">Banduk Marika</a> and developed with the assistance of other family members and the <a href="/wiki/Museum_and_Art_Gallery_of_the_Northern_Territory" title="Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory">Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory</a> at Darwin, opened at the <a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_Australia" title="National Museum of Australia">National Museum of Australia</a> from 7 December 2010. This was the first major survey exhibition of the Marikas' work, and covers around 50 named sites in the Yalangbara peninsula that were traversed by the Djang’kawu journey.<sup id="cite_ref-wam_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wam-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It followed a 2008 monograph of the same name, edited by Margie West and produced in partnership with Banduk Marika and other members of the family.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Heritage_listing">Heritage listing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yalangbara,_Northern_Territory&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Heritage listing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Yalangbara was registered as an <a href="/wiki/Aboriginal_sacred_site" class="mw-redirect" title="Aboriginal sacred site">Aboriginal sacred site</a> with the NT's <a href="/wiki/Aboriginal_Areas_Protection_Authority" title="Aboriginal Areas Protection Authority">Aboriginal Areas Protection Authority</a> in 1983.<sup id="cite_ref-minding_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-minding-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Thanks to the work of Banduk Marika, her nephew <a href="/wiki/Mawalan_2_Marika" class="mw-redirect" title="Mawalan 2 Marika">Mawalan 2 Marika</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anthropologist" title="Anthropologist">anthropologist</a> Geoffrey Bradshaw<sup id="cite_ref-wam_5-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wam-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and others, which included a detailed heritage assessment (2000),<sup id="cite_ref-minding_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-minding-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Yalangbara was included for listing on the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Heritage_Commission" title="Australian Heritage Commission">Australian Heritage Commission</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Register_of_the_National_Estate" title="Register of the National Estate">Register of the National Estate</a> in 2003.<sup id="cite_ref-flindersdoc_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-flindersdoc-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Register of the National Estate was frozen in 2007, and as of July 2021<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yalangbara,_Northern_Territory&action=edit">[update]</a></sup> Yalangbara is not yet actually listed under the superseding <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_Heritage_List" title="Commonwealth Heritage List">Commonwealth Heritage List</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under the <a href="/wiki/EPBC_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="EPBC Act">EPBC Act</a>, the Minister for the Environment "determines which places the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Heritage_Council" title="Australian Heritage Council">Australian Heritage Council</a> will assess for the <a href="/wiki/National_Heritage_List" class="mw-redirect" title="National Heritage List">National Heritage List</a> and Commonwealth Heritage List", and it has been listed for assessment by 30 June 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was added to the "Finalised Priority Assessment List for the National Heritage List for 2018-19", with the area being defined as 19,335 ha (47,780 acres) from Bawaka Road to Port Bradshaw, 22 km (14 mi) south of Yirrkala. Its reasons for inclusion are described as follows:<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>"Yalangbara may have National Heritage values due to the: Yalangbara sand dunes and the Djang’kawu (Dhuwa moiety foundation story) including in the history and iconography of the <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_land_rights_in_Australia" title="Indigenous land rights in Australia">Aboriginal land rights movement</a> (<a href="/wiki/Milirrpum_v_Nabalco_Pty_Ltd" title="Milirrpum v Nabalco Pty Ltd">Gove case 1963</a>); the importance of the <a href="/wiki/Makassan_contact_with_Australia" title="Makassan contact with Australia">Makassan sites</a> on Wapilina Island in the Yalangbara Peninsula; and the <a href="/wiki/Carpets_case" class="mw-redirect" title="Carpets case">Carpets Case (1993)</a><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to protect the <a href="/wiki/Intellectual_property_rights" class="mw-redirect" title="Intellectual property rights">intellectual property rights</a> of Aboriginal artists' rights from the unauthorised reproduction of traditional Aboriginal designs." </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Flora_and_fauna">Flora and fauna</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yalangbara,_Northern_Territory&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Flora and fauna"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The sea provides habitat for <a href="/wiki/Ray_(fish)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ray (fish)">rays</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shellfish" title="Shellfish">shellfish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crustaceans" class="mw-redirect" title="Crustaceans">crustaceans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sea_cucumber" title="Sea cucumber">trepang/beche-de-mer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saltwater_crocodile" title="Saltwater crocodile">saltwater crocodiles</a> and many species of fish. There are significant populations of <a href="/wiki/Bridled_tern" title="Bridled tern">bridled</a> and <a href="/wiki/Roseate_tern" title="Roseate tern">roseate terns</a> and many other <a href="/wiki/Seabird" title="Seabird">seabirds</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-nmayalangbara_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nmayalangbara-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Threatened_species" title="Threatened species">Threatened species</a> including three plant, fourteen <a href="/wiki/Vertebrate" title="Vertebrate">vertebrate</a> and one <a href="/wiki/Butterfly" title="Butterfly">butterfly</a> species have been recorded at Yalangbara.<sup id="cite_ref-nmayalangbara_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nmayalangbara-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yalangbara,_Northern_Territory&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Footnotes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">This must refer to being listed for assessment only, as it still awaiting assessment in 2021.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The trial actually took place in 1994.<sup id="cite_ref-nswed_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nswed-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yalangbara,_Northern_Territory&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-nmayalangbara-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nmayalangbara_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nmayalangbara_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nmayalangbara_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nmayalangbara_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nmayalangbara_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nmayalangbara_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nmayalangbara_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nma.gov.au/exhibitions/yalangbara/yalangbara-region">"The Yalangbara region"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_Australia" title="National Museum of Australia">National Museum of Australia</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Museum+of+Australia&rft.atitle=The+Yalangbara+region&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nma.gov.au%2Fexhibitions%2Fyalangbara%2Fyalangbara-region&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYalangbara%2C+Northern+Territory" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-west2008p31-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-west2008p31_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-west2008p31_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-west2008p31_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-west2008p31_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarikaWest2008" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Banduk_Marika" title="Banduk Marika">Marika, Banduk</a>; West, Margie (2008). <i>Yalangbara : art of the Djang'kawu</i>. Darwin, N.T.: Charles Darwin University Press. p. 31. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780980384673" title="Special:BookSources/9780980384673"><bdi>9780980384673</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Yalangbara+%3A+art+of+the+Djang%27kawu&rft.place=Darwin%2C+N.T.&rft.pages=31&rft.pub=Charles+Darwin+University+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=9780980384673&rft.aulast=Marika&rft.aufirst=Banduk&rft.au=West%2C+Margie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYalangbara%2C+Northern+Territory" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFProwseZaar" class="citation web cs1">Prowse, Geoff; Zaar, Ursula. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/10070/213103">"Water resources of East Arnhem Land"</a>. <i>Territory Stories</i>. Darwin: Northern Territory Government. p. 8. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/10070%2F213103">10070/213103</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Territory+Stories&rft.atitle=Water+resources+of+East+Arnhem+Land&rft.pages=8&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F10070%2F213103&rft.aulast=Prowse&rft.aufirst=Geoff&rft.au=Zaar%2C+Ursula&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhdl.handle.net%2F10070%2F213103&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYalangbara%2C+Northern+Territory" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcLennan2020" class="citation web cs1">McLennan, Chris (9 July 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.katherinetimes.com.au/story/6812068/banduk-marika-says-ancestral-stories-retain-their-relevance-today/">"Banduk Marika says ancestral stories retain their relevance today"</a>. <i>Katherine Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Katherine+Times&rft.atitle=Banduk+Marika+says+ancestral+stories+retain+their+relevance+today&rft.date=2020-07-09&rft.aulast=McLennan&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.katherinetimes.com.au%2Fstory%2F6812068%2Fbanduk-marika-says-ancestral-stories-retain-their-relevance-today%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYalangbara%2C+Northern+Territory" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wam-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-wam_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wam_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wam_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wam_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wam_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wam_5-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wam_5-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarikaWest2010" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Banduk_Marika" title="Banduk Marika">Marika, Banduk</a>; West, Margie (7 December 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://museum.wa.gov.au/whats-on/yalangbara/background-essay">"Yalangbara: art of the Djang'kawu"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Western_Australian_Museum" title="Western Australian Museum">Western Australian Museum</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Western+Australian+Museum&rft.atitle=Yalangbara%3A+art+of+the+Djang%27kawu&rft.date=2010-12-07&rft.aulast=Marika&rft.aufirst=Banduk&rft.au=West%2C+Margie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmuseum.wa.gov.au%2Fwhats-on%2Fyalangbara%2Fbackground-essay&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYalangbara%2C+Northern+Territory" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nma-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nma_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nma.gov.au/exhibitions/yalangbara/marika-family">"The Marika family"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_Australia" title="National Museum of Australia">National Museum of Australia</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Museum+of+Australia&rft.atitle=The+Marika+family&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nma.gov.au%2Fexhibitions%2Fyalangbara%2Fmarika-family&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYalangbara%2C+Northern+Territory" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarikaWest2008" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Banduk_Marika" title="Banduk Marika">Marika, Banduk</a>; West, Margie (2008). <i>Yalangbara : art of the Djang'kawu</i>. Darwin, N.T.: Charles Darwin University Press. p. 35. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780980384673" title="Special:BookSources/9780980384673"><bdi>9780980384673</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Yalangbara+%3A+art+of+the+Djang%27kawu&rft.place=Darwin%2C+N.T.&rft.pages=35&rft.pub=Charles+Darwin+University+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=9780980384673&rft.aulast=Marika&rft.aufirst=Banduk&rft.au=West%2C+Margie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYalangbara%2C+Northern+Territory" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarikaWest2008" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Banduk_Marika" title="Banduk Marika">Marika, Banduk</a>; West, Margie (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-8ZdPgAACAAJ"><i>Yalangbara : art of the Djang'kawu</i></a>. Darwin, N.T.: Charles Darwin University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780980384673" title="Special:BookSources/9780980384673"><bdi>9780980384673</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 July</span> 2021</span>. <q>Amended 17 July 2021 – update to name</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Citation+for+the+Award+of+the+Degree+of+Doctor+of+Letters+honoris+causa%3A+Dr+B+Marika&rft.date=2021-07-17&rft.au=Flinders+University&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.flinders.edu.au%2Fcontent%2Fdam%2Fdocuments%2Fabout%2Fcitations%2Fcitation-marika-banduk-for-web.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYalangbara%2C+Northern+Territory" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.environment.gov.au/">"Australia's Commonwealth Heritage List"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Agriculture,_Water_and_the_Environment" title="Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment">Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment</a></i>. 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(See bottom of <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.environment.gov.au/heritage/places/priority-assessment">this page</a>.)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAustralian_Government._Department_of_Agriculture,_Water_and_the_Environment2020" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Government" title="Australian Government">Australian Government</a>. <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Agriculture,_Water_and_the_Environment" title="Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment">Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment</a> (1 July 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.environment.gov.au/system/files/pages/8ac00639-6069-454e-a191-e6b8a3eed9a2/files/fpal-nhl-2018-19.pdf">"Finalised Priority Assessment List for the National Heritage List for 2018-19"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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(See bottom of <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.environment.gov.au/heritage/places/priority-assessment">this page</a>.)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nswed-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nswed_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ab-ed.nesa.nsw.edu.au/go/aboriginal-art/protecting-australian-indigenous-art/case-studies-of-copying-and-appropriation/case-study-4-the-carpets-case">"Case study 4: 'The carpets case'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>NSW Educational Standards Authority</i>. 1 May 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210302163205/https://ab-ed.nesa.nsw.edu.au/go/aboriginal-art/protecting-australian-indigenous-art/case-studies-of-copying-and-appropriation/case-study-4-the-carpets-case">Archived</a> from the original on 2 March 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NSW+Educational+Standards+Authority&rft.atitle=Case+study+4%3A+%27The+carpets+case%27&rft.date=2007-05-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fab-ed.nesa.nsw.edu.au%2Fgo%2Faboriginal-art%2Fprotecting-australian-indigenous-art%2Fcase-studies-of-copying-and-appropriation%2Fcase-study-4-the-carpets-case&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYalangbara%2C+Northern+Territory" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yalangbara,_Northern_Territory&oldid=1209835543">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yalangbara,_Northern_Territory&oldid=1209835543</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Arnhem_Land" title="Category:Arnhem Land">Arnhem Land</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sacred_natural_sites" title="Category:Sacred natural sites">Sacred natural sites</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_July_2021" title="Category:Use dmy dates from July 2021">Use dmy dates from July 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_Australian_English_from_May_2011" title="Category:Use Australian English from May 2011">Use Australian English from May 2011</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_Wikipedia_articles_written_in_Australian_English" title="Category:All Wikipedia articles written in Australian English">All Wikipedia articles written in Australian English</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements_from_July_2021" title="Category:Articles containing potentially dated statements from July 2021">Articles containing potentially dated statements from July 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements" title="Category:All articles containing potentially dated statements">All articles containing potentially dated statements</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 23 February 2024, at 19:53<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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