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class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 253</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Salma Salah</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">73</span> Evaluation of the Impact of Infill Wall Layout in Plan and/or Elevation on the Seismic Behavior of 3D Reinforced Concrete Structures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salah%20Guettala">Salah Guettala</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nesreddine%20Djafarhenni"> Nesreddine Djafarhenni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akram%20Khelaifia"> Akram Khelaifia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rachid%20Chebili"> Rachid Chebili</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study assesses the impact of infill walls' layout in both plan and elevation on the seismic behavior of a 3D reinforced concrete structure situated in a high seismic zone. A pushover analysis is conducted to evaluate the structure's seismic performance with various infill wall layouts, considering capacity curves, absorbed energy, inter-story drift, and performance levels. Additionally, torsional effects on the structure are examined through linear dynamic analysis. Fiber-section-based macro-modeling is utilized to simulate the behavior of infill walls. The findings indicate that the presence of infill walls enhances lateral stiffness and alters structural behavior. Moreover, the study highlights the importance of considering the effects of infill wall layout, as non-uniform layouts can degrade building performance post-earthquake, increasing inter-story drift and risk of damage or collapse. To mitigate such risks, buildings should adopt a uniform infill wall layout. Furthermore, asymmetrical placement of masonry infill walls introduces additional torsional forces, particularly when there's a lack of such walls on the first story, potentially leading to irregular stiffness and soft-story phenomena. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RC%20structures" title="RC structures">RC structures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infll%20walls%E2%80%99%20layout" title=" infll walls’ layout"> infll walls’ layout</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pushover%20analysis" title=" pushover analysis"> pushover analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=macro-model" title=" macro-model"> macro-model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fiber%20plastic%20hinge" title=" fiber plastic hinge"> fiber plastic hinge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=torsion" title=" torsion"> torsion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182744/evaluation-of-the-impact-of-infill-wall-layout-in-plan-andor-elevation-on-the-seismic-behavior-of-3d-reinforced-concrete-structures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182744.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">71</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">72</span> Consumption Culture of Rural Youth: A Study of the Conspicuous Consumption Pattern of a Youth Sample in an Egyptian Village</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marwa%20H.%20Salah">Marwa H. Salah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Modern consumption culture represents a widespread phenomenon that affects young people, as it affects all age groups in both urban and rural societies. It has been helped by globalization, specifically cultural globalization, also internal and external migration, and the immense development in information technology as well, these factors have led to the appearance of the conspicuous consumption pattern among young people. This research firstly interested in identifying the nature of this pattern of consumption among young people in the countryside, which represents a society with a special nature, was characterized by the pattern of traditional consumption. Secondly to find out whether the rural character has an impact on the conspicuous consumption of youth. Finally to identify the reasons for the rural youth's tendency to such type of consumption and if it contributes in satisfying certain social needs. The research used the anthropological method. Observation and open-ended interviews were used as tools to collect data and an interview guide was applied on a selective youth sample (40:20 male and 20 female) aged between 17to 34 in an Egyptian village located in Dakahlia governorate. The research showed that rural youth has impacted with the modern consumption culture and not isolated from it despite the lack of financial abilities. The conspicuous consumption is a dominant pattern of consumption among the Egyptian rural youth and it has been practicing by rural youth regardless of their educational & financial levels. Also, the wish to show the social and economic status, bragging and show off is the main reason for the rural youth to adopt the conspicuous consumption, moreover to face the inferior view from their counterparts’ urban youth. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumption%20culture" title="consumption culture">consumption culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=youth" title=" youth"> youth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conspicuous%20consumption" title=" conspicuous consumption"> conspicuous consumption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20society" title=" rural society"> rural society</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97603/consumption-culture-of-rural-youth-a-study-of-the-conspicuous-consumption-pattern-of-a-youth-sample-in-an-egyptian-village" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97603.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">197</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">71</span> Study of Complex (CO) 3Ti (PHND) and CpV (PHND) (PHND = Phénanthridine)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akila%20Tayeb-Benmachiche">Akila Tayeb-Benmachiche</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saber-Mustapha%20Zendaoui"> Saber-Mustapha Zendaoui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salah-Eddine%20Bouaoud"> Salah-Eddine Bouaoud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bachir%20Zouchoune"> Bachir Zouchoune </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The variation of the metal coordination site in π-coordinated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) corresponds to the haptotropic rearrangement or haptotropic migration in which the metal fragment MLn is considered as the moveable moiety that is shifted between two rings of polycyclic or heteropolycyclic ligands. These structural characteristics and dynamical properties give to this category of transition metal complexes a considerable interest. We have investigated the coordination and the haptotropic shifts of (CO)3Ti and CpV moieties over the phenanthridine aromatic system and according to the metal atom nature. The optimization of (CO)3Ti(PHND) and CpV(PHND), using the Amsterdam Density Functional (ADF) program, without a symmetrical restriction of geometry gives an η6 coordination mode of the C6 and C5N rings, which in turn give rise to a six low-lying deficient 16-MVE of each (CO)3Ti(PHND) and CpV(PHND) structure (three singlet and three triplet state structures for Ti complexes and three triplet and three quintet state structures for V complexes). Thus, the η6–η6 haptotropic migration of the metal fragment MLn from the terminal C6 ring to the central C5N ring has been achieved by a loss of energy. However, its η6–η6 haptotropic migration from central C5N ring to the terminal C6 rings has been accomplished by a gain of energy. These results show the capability of the phenanthridine ligand to adapt itself to the electronic demand of the metal in agreement with the nature of the metal–ligand bonding and demonstrate that this theoretical study can also be applied to large fused π-systems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electronic%20structure" title="electronic structure">electronic structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bonding%20analysis" title=" bonding analysis"> bonding analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=density%20functional%20theory" title=" density functional theory"> density functional theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coordination%20%20chemistry%20haptotropic%20migration" title=" coordination chemistry haptotropic migration "> coordination chemistry haptotropic migration </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38303/study-of-complex-co-3ti-phnd-and-cpv-phnd-phnd-phenanthridine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38303.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">308</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">70</span> Estimation of PM10 Concentration Using Ground Measurements and Landsat 8 OLI Satellite Image</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salah%20Abdul%20Hameed%20Saleh">Salah Abdul Hameed Saleh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghada%20Hasan"> Ghada Hasan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this work is to produce an empirical model for the determination of particulate matter (PM10) concentration in the atmosphere using visible bands of Landsat 8 OLI satellite image over Kirkuk city- IRAQ. The suggested algorithm is established on the aerosol optical reflectance model. The reflectance model is a function of the optical properties of the atmosphere, which can be related to its concentrations. The concentration of PM10 measurements was collected using Particle Mass Profiler and Counter in a Single Handheld Unit (Aerocet 531) meter simultaneously by the Landsat 8 OLI satellite image date. The PM10 measurement locations were defined by a handheld global positioning system (GPS). The obtained reflectance values for visible bands (Coastal aerosol, Blue, Green and blue bands) of landsat 8 OLI image were correlated with in-suite measured PM10. The feasibility of the proposed algorithms was investigated based on the correlation coefficient (R) and root-mean-square error (RMSE) compared with the PM10 ground measurement data. A choice of our proposed multispectral model was founded on the highest value correlation coefficient (R) and lowest value of the root mean square error (RMSE) with PM10 ground data. The outcomes of this research showed that visible bands of Landsat 8 OLI were capable of calculating PM10 concentration with an acceptable level of accuracy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air%20pollution" title="air pollution">air pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PM10%20concentration" title=" PM10 concentration"> PM10 concentration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lansat8%20OLI%20image" title=" Lansat8 OLI image"> Lansat8 OLI image</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reflectance" title=" reflectance"> reflectance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multispectral%20algorithms" title=" multispectral algorithms"> multispectral algorithms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kirkuk%20area" title=" Kirkuk area"> Kirkuk area</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19705/estimation-of-pm10-concentration-using-ground-measurements-and-landsat-8-oli-satellite-image" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19705.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">443</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">69</span> Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography Study of Cornea and Tear Film Parameters in Juvenile Systemic Lupus Erythematous Patients</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Salah%20El-Din%20Mahmoud">Mohamed Salah El-Din Mahmoud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Hamed"> Ahmed Hamed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asmaa%20Anwar%20Mohamed"> Asmaa Anwar Mohamed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Purpose: To study the tear film parameters, total corneal thickness (CT), corneal epithelial thickness and, corneal power in Juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE) patients compared to age-matched controls using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT). Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Study participants were divided into 2 groups: Group A: 75 eyes of JSLE patients, Group B: 75 eyes of healthy controls. Tear meniscus height (TMH), tear meniscus depth (TMD), and tear meniscus area (TMA) were the lower tear meniscus parameters that were measured. The corneal power, CT, and epithelial thickness were all determined automatically. Results: In the JSLE group, the range of age was 10 to 15 years while the control group was 11 to 16 years. TMH, TMA, and TMD were 527.7±46.8, 0.059±0.015 and 343.3±59.9 respectively in JSLE group while 525.4±44.6, 0.058±0.011 and 340.6±58.0 respectively in control group without significant difference (p-value<0.001). The corneal power was 43.3±0.55 in the JSLE while 43.2±0.54 in the control group without significant difference (p-value= 0.407). CT was 551.1±13.5 in JSLE group while 551.2±15.3 in control group without significant difference (p-value= 0.982). Epithelial thickness was 52.66±1.35 in the JSLE group while 52.60±1.36 in the control group without significant difference (p-value= 0.765). Conclusion: We demonstrated no significant difference in tear meniscus dimensions, CT, epithelial thickness, and corneal power in the JSLE patients compared to age-matched controls using AS-OCT. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tear%20film" title="tear film">tear film</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ASOCT" title=" ASOCT"> ASOCT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=JSLE" title=" JSLE"> JSLE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pachymetry" title=" pachymetry"> pachymetry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corneal%20thickness" title=" corneal thickness"> corneal thickness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143829/anterior-segment-optical-coherence-tomography-study-of-cornea-and-tear-film-parameters-in-juvenile-systemic-lupus-erythematous-patients" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143829.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">178</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">68</span> Oral Grammatical Errors of Arabic as Second Language (ASL) Learners: An Applied Linguistic Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sadeq%20Al%20Yaari">Sadeq Al Yaari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fayza%20Al%20Hammadi"> Fayza Al Hammadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayman%20Al%20Yaari"> Ayman Al Yaari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adham%20Al%20Yaari"> Adham Al Yaari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Montaha%20Al%20Yaari"> Montaha Al Yaari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aayah%20Al%20Yaari"> Aayah Al Yaari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sajedah%20Al%20Yaari"> Sajedah Al Yaari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salah%20Al%20Yami"> Salah Al Yami</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: When we further take Arabic grammatical issues into account in accordance with applied linguistic investigations on Arabic as Second Language (ASL) learners, a fundamental issue arises at this point as to the production of speech in Arabic: Oral grammatical errors committed by ASL learners. Aims: Using manual rating as well as computational analytic methodology to test a corpus of recorded speech by Second Language (ASL) learners of Arabic, this study aims to find the areas of difficulties in learning Arabic grammar. More specifically, it examines how and why ASL learners make grammatical errors in their oral speech. Methods: Tape recordings of four (4) Arabic as Second Language (ASL) learners who ranged in age from 23 to 30 were naturally collected. All participants have completed an intensive Arabic program (two years) and 20 minute-speech was recorded for each participant. Having the collected corpus, the next procedure was to rate them against Arabic standard grammar. The rating includes four processes: Description, analysis and assessment. Conclusions: Outcomes made from the issues addressed in this paper can be summarized in the fact that ASL learners face many grammatical difficulties when studying Arabic word order, tenses and aspects, function words, subject-verb agreement, verb form, active-passive voice, global and local errors, processes-based errors including addition, omission, substitution or a combination of any of them. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grammar" title="grammar">grammar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=error" title=" error"> error</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oral" title=" oral"> oral</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arabic" title=" Arabic"> Arabic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=second%20language" title=" second language"> second language</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learner" title=" learner"> learner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=applied%20linguistics." title=" applied linguistics."> applied linguistics.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186617/oral-grammatical-errors-of-arabic-as-second-language-asl-learners-an-applied-linguistic-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186617.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">61</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">67</span> Performance of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer as an Alternative Reinforcement</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salah%20E.%20El-Metwally">Salah E. El-Metwally</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marwan%20Abdo"> Marwan Abdo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Basem%20Abdel%20Wahed"> Basem Abdel Wahed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) bars have been proposed as an alternative to conventional steel bars; hence, the use of these non-corrosive and nonmetallic reinforcing bars has increased in various concrete projects. This concrete material is lightweight, has a long lifespan, and needs minor maintenance; however, its non-ductile nature and weak bond with the surrounding concrete create a significant challenge. The behavior of concrete elements reinforced with FRP bars has been the subject of several experimental investigations, even with their high cost. This study aims to numerically assess the viability of using FRP bars, as longitudinal reinforcement, in comparison with traditional steel bars, and also as prestressing tendons instead of the traditional prestressing steel. The nonlinear finite element analysis has been utilized to carry out the current study. Numerical models have been developed to examine the behavior of concrete beams reinforced with FRP bars or tendons against similar models reinforced with either conventional steel or prestressing steel. These numerical models were verified by experimental test results available in the literature. The obtained results revealed that concrete beams reinforced with FRP bars, as passive reinforcement, exhibited less ductility and less stiffness than similar beams reinforced with steel bars. On the other hand, when FRP tendons are employed in prestressing concrete beams, the results show that the performance of these beams is similar to those beams prestressed by conventional active reinforcement but with a difference caused by the two tendon materials’ moduli of elasticity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reinforced%20concrete" title="reinforced concrete">reinforced concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prestressed%20concrete" title=" prestressed concrete"> prestressed concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20finite%20element%20analysis" title=" nonlinear finite element analysis"> nonlinear finite element analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fiber-reinforced%20polymer" title=" fiber-reinforced polymer"> fiber-reinforced polymer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ductility" title=" ductility"> ductility</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192629/performance-of-fiber-reinforced-polymer-as-an-alternative-reinforcement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192629.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">24</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">66</span> Novel Point of Care Test for Rapid Diagnosis of COVID-19 Using Recombinant Nanobodies against SARS-CoV-2 Spike1 (S1) Protein</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manal%20Kamel">Manal Kamel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Maher"> Sara Maher</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanan%20El%20Baz"> Hanan El Baz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faten%20Salah"> Faten Salah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omar%20Sayyouh"> Omar Sayyouh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zeinab%20Demerdash"> Zeinab Demerdash</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the recent COVID 19 pandemic, experts of public health have emphasized testing, tracking infected people, and tracing their contacts as an effective strategy to reduce the spread of the virus. Development of rapid and sensitive diagnostic assays to replace reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is mandatory..Our innovative test strip relying on the application of nanoparticles conjugated to recombinant nanobodies for SARS-COV-2 spike protein (S1) & angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (that is responsible for the virus entry into host cells) for rapid detection of SARS-COV-2 spike protein (S1) in saliva or sputum specimens. Comparative tests with RT-PCR will be held to estimate the significant effect of using COVID 19 nanobodies for the first time in the development of lateral flow test strip. The SARS-CoV-2 S1 (3 ng of recombinant proteins) was detected by our developed LFIA in saliva specimen of COVID-19 Patients No cross-reaction was detected with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) or SARS- CoV antigens..Our developed system revealed 96 % sensitivity and 100% specificity for saliva samples compared to 89 % and 100% sensitivity and specificity for nasopharyngeal swabs. providing a reliable alternative for the painful and uncomfortable nasopharyngeal swab process and the complexes, time consuming PCR test. An increase in testing compliances to be expected. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COVID%2019" title="COVID 19">COVID 19</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diagnosis" title=" diagnosis"> diagnosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LFIA" title=" LFIA"> LFIA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanobodies" title=" nanobodies"> nanobodies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ACE2" title=" ACE2"> ACE2</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148096/novel-point-of-care-test-for-rapid-diagnosis-of-covid-19-using-recombinant-nanobodies-against-sars-cov-2-spike1-s1-protein" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148096.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">140</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">65</span> Unveiling the Impact of Ultra High Vacuum Annealing Levels on Physico-Chemical Properties of Bulk ZnSe Semiconductor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kheira%20Hamaida">Kheira Hamaida</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Salah%20Halati"> Mohamed Salah Halati</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this current paper, our aim work is to link as possible the obtained simulation results and the other experimental ones, just focusing on the electronic and optical properties of ZnSe. The predictive spectra of the total and partial densities of states using the Full Potential Linearized/Augmented Plane Wave method with the newly Tran-Blaha (TB) modified Becke-Johnson (mBJ) exchange-correlation potential (EXC). So the upper valence energy (UVE) levels contain the relative contribution of Se-(4p and 3d) states with considerable contribution from the electrons of Zn-2s orbital. The dielectric function of w-ZnSe, with its two parts, appears with a noticeable anisotropy character. The microscopic origins of the electronic states that are responsible for the observed peaks in the spectrum are determined through the decomposition of the spectrum to the individual contributions of the electronic transitions between the pairs of bands, where Vi is an occupied state in the valence band, and Ci is an unoccupied state in the conduction band. X-PES (X Ray-Photo Electron Spectroscopy) is an important technique used to probe the homogeneity, stoichiometry, and purity state of the title compound. In order to check the electron transitions derived from simulations and the others from Reflected Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy (REELS) technique which was of great sensitivity, is used to determine the interband electronic transitions. In the optical window (Eg), all the electron energy states created were also determined through the specific gaussian deconvolution of the photoluminescence spectrum (PLS) that probed under a room temperature (RT). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spectroscopy" title="spectroscopy">spectroscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WIEN2K" title=" WIEN2K"> WIEN2K</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IIB-VIA%20semiconductors" title=" IIB-VIA semiconductors"> IIB-VIA semiconductors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dielectric%20function" title=" dielectric function"> dielectric function</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145936/unveiling-the-impact-of-ultra-high-vacuum-annealing-levels-on-physico-chemical-properties-of-bulk-znse-semiconductor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145936.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">72</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">64</span> Field Evaluation of Fusarium Head Blight in Durum Wheat Caused by Fusarium culmorum in Algeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salah%20Hadjout">Salah Hadjout</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Zouidi"> Mohamed Zouidi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In Algeria, several works carried out in recent years have shown the importance of fusarium head blight in durum wheat. Indeed, this disease is caused by a complex of Fusarium genus pathogens. The research carried out reports that F. culmorum is the main species infecting cereals. These informations motivated our interest in the field evaluation of the behavior of some durum wheat genotypes (parental varieties and lines) with regard to fusarium head blight, mainly caused by four F. culmorum isolates. Our research work focused on following the evolution of symptom development throughout the grain filling, after artificial inoculation of ears by Fusarium isolates in order to establish a first image on the differences in genotype behavior to fusarium haed blight. Field disease assessment criteria are: disease assessment using a grading scale, thousand grain weight measurement and AUDPC. The results obtained revealed that the varieties and lines resulting from crosses had a quite different level of sensitivity to F. culmorum species and no genotype showed complete resistance in our culture conditions. Among the material tested, some lines showed higher resistance than their parents. The results also show a slight behavioral variability also linked to the aggressiveness of the Fusarium species studied in this work. Our results open very important research perspectives on fusarium head blight, in particular the search for toxins produced by Fusarium species. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fusarium%20head%20blight" title="fusarium head blight">fusarium head blight</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=durum%20wheat" title=" durum wheat"> durum wheat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fusarium%20culmorum" title=" Fusarium culmorum"> Fusarium culmorum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=field%20disease%20assessment%20criteria" title=" field disease assessment criteria"> field disease assessment criteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Algeria" title=" Algeria"> Algeria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158540/field-evaluation-of-fusarium-head-blight-in-durum-wheat-caused-by-fusarium-culmorum-in-algeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158540.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">106</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">63</span> Olive Oil (Olea europea L.) Protects against Mercury (II) Induced Oxidative Tissue Damage in Rats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahlem%20Bahi">Ahlem Bahi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Youcef%20Necib"> Youcef Necib</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sakina%20Zerizer"> Sakina Zerizer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cherif%20Abdennour"> Cherif Abdennour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Salah%20Boulakoud"> Mohamed Salah Boulakoud</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mercury (II) is a highly toxic metal which induces oxidative stress in the body. In this study, we aimed to investigate the possible protective effect of olive oil, an antioxidant agent, against experimental mercury toxicity in rat model. Administration of mercuric chloride induced significant increase in serum: ALT, AST, and LPA activities; interleukine1, interleukine6, tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), creatinine, urea, and uric acid levels. Mercuric chloride also induced oxidative stress, as indicate by decreased tissue of GSH level, GSH-Px, and GST activities along with increase the level of lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, treatment with mercuric chloride caused a marked elevation of kidney and liver weight and decreased body weight. Virgin olive oil treatment markedly reduced elevated serum: AST, ALT, and LPA activities; interleukine1, interleukine6, tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), creatinine, urea, and uric acid levels and contracted the deterious effects of mercuric chloride on oxidative stress markers changes caused by HgCl2 in tissue as compared to control group. Our results implicate that mercury induced oxidative damage in liver and kidney tissue protected by virgin olive oil, with its antioxidant effects. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mercury" title="mercury">mercury</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antioxidant%20enzymes" title=" antioxidant enzymes"> antioxidant enzymes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pro-inflammatory%20cytokine" title=" pro-inflammatory cytokine"> pro-inflammatory cytokine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virgin%20olive%20oil" title=" virgin olive oil"> virgin olive oil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lipid%20peroxidation" title=" lipid peroxidation"> lipid peroxidation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4443/olive-oil-olea-europea-l-protects-against-mercury-ii-induced-oxidative-tissue-damage-in-rats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4443.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">365</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">62</span> Prognostic Implication of Nras Gene Mutations in Egyptian Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Doaa%20M.%20Elghannam">Doaa M. Elghannam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nashwa%20Khayrat%20Abousamra"> Nashwa Khayrat Abousamra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Doaa%20A.%20Shahin"> Doaa A. Shahin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Enas%20F.%20Goda"> Enas F. Goda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanan%20Azzam"> Hanan Azzam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emad%20Azmy"> Emad Azmy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manal%20Salah%20El-Din"> Manal Salah El-Din</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: The pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) involves the cooperation of mutations promoting proliferation/survival and those impairing differentiation. Point mutations of the NRAS gene are the most frequent somatic mutations causing aberrant signal-transduction in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Aim: The present work was conducted to study the frequency and prognostic significance of NRAS gene mutations (NRASmut) in de novo Egyptian adult AML. Material and methods: Bone marrow specimens from 150 patients with de novo acute myeloid leukemia and controls were analyzed by genomic PCR-SSCP at codons 12, 13 (exon 1), and 61 (exon 2) for NRAS mutations. Results: NRAS gene mutations was found in 19/150 (12.7%) AML cases, represented more frequently in the FAB subtype M4eo (P = 0.028), and at codon 12, 13 (14of 19; 73.7%). Patients with NRASmut had a significant lower peripheral marrow blasts (P = 0.004, P=0.03) and non significant improved clinical outcome than patients without the mutation. Complete remission rate was (63.2% vs 56.5%; p=0.46), resistant disease (15.8% vs 23.6%; p=0.51), three years overall survival (44% vs 42%; P = 0.85) and disease free survival (42.1% vs 38.9%, P = 0.74). Multivariate analysis showed that age was the strongest unfavorable factor for overall survival (relative risk [RR], 1.9; P = .002), followed by cytogenetics (P = .004). FAB types, NRAS mutation, and leukocytosis were less important. Conclusions: NRAS gene mutation frequency and spectrum differ between biologically distinct subtypes of AML but do not significantly influence prognosis and clinical outcome. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NRAS%20Gene" title="NRAS Gene">NRAS Gene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=egyptian%20adult" title=" egyptian adult"> egyptian adult</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acute%20myeloid%20leukemia" title=" acute myeloid leukemia"> acute myeloid leukemia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytogenetics" title=" cytogenetics"> cytogenetics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154231/prognostic-implication-of-nras-gene-mutations-in-egyptian-adult-acute-myeloid-leukemia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154231.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">104</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">61</span> Modeling and Simulation of Vibratory Behavior of Hybrid Smart Composite Plate</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salah%20Aguib">Salah Aguib</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noureddine%20Chikh"> Noureddine Chikh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelmalek%20Khabli"> Abdelmalek Khabli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelkader%20Nour"> Abdelkader Nour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Toufik%20Djedid"> Toufik Djedid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lallia%20Kobzili"> Lallia Kobzili</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study presents the behavior of a hybrid smart sandwich plate with a magnetorheological elastomer core. In order to improve the vibrational behavior of the plate, the pseudo‐fibers formed by the effect of the magnetic field on the elastomer charged by the ferromagnetic particles are oriented at 45° with respect to the direction of the magnetic field at 0°. Ritz's approach is taken to solve the physical problem. In order to verify and compare the results obtained by the Ritz approach, an analysis using the finite element method was carried out. The rheological property of the MRE material at 0° and at 45° are determined experimentally, The studied elastomer is prepared by a mixture of silicone oil, RTV141A polymer, and 30% of iron particles of total mixture, the mixture obtained is mixed for about 15 minutes to obtain an elastomer paste with good homogenization. In order to develop a magnetorheological elastomer (MRE), this paste is injected into an aluminum mold and subjected to a magnetic field. In our work, we have chosen an ideal percentage of filling of 30%, to obtain the best characteristics of the MRE. The mechanical characteristics obtained by dynamic mechanical viscoanalyzer (DMA) are used in the two numerical approaches. The natural frequencies and the modal damping of the sandwich plate are calculated and discussed for various magnetic field intensities. The results obtained by the two methods are compared. These off‐axis anisotropic MRE structures could open up new opportunities in various fields of aeronautics, aerospace, mechanical engineering and civil engineering. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20smart%20sandwich%20plate" title="hybrid smart sandwich plate">hybrid smart sandwich plate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vibratory%20behavior" title=" vibratory behavior"> vibratory behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FEM" title=" FEM"> FEM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ritz%20approach" title=" Ritz approach"> Ritz approach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MRE" title=" MRE"> MRE</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177269/modeling-and-simulation-of-vibratory-behavior-of-hybrid-smart-composite-plate" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177269.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">71</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">60</span> Prediction of Solanum Lycopersicum Genome Encoded microRNAs Targeting Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Shahzad%20Iqbal">Muhammad Shahzad Iqbal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zobia%20Sarwar"> Zobia Sarwar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salah-ud-Din"> Salah-ud-Din</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) belongs to the genus Tospoviruses (family Bunyaviridae). It is one of the most devastating pathogens of tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum) and heavily damages the crop yield each year around the globe. In this study, we retrieved 329 mature miRNA sequences from two microRNA databases (miRBase and miRSoldb) and checked the putative target sites in the downloaded-genome sequence of TSWV. A consensus of three miRNA target prediction tools (RNA22, miRanda and psRNATarget) was used to screen the false-positive microRNAs targeting sites in the TSWV genome. These tools calculated different target sites by calculating minimum free energy (mfe), site-complementarity, minimum folding energy and other microRNA-mRNA binding factors. R language was used to plot the predicted target-site data. All the genes having possible target sites for different miRNAs were screened by building a consensus table. Out of these 329 mature miRNAs predicted by three algorithms, only eight miRNAs met all the criteria/threshold specifications. MC-Fold and MC-Sym were used to predict three-dimensional structures of miRNAs and further analyzed in USCF chimera to visualize the structural and conformational changes before and after microRNA-mRNA interactions. The results of the current study show that the predicted eight miRNAs could further be evaluated by in vitro experiments to develop TSWV-resistant transgenic tomato plants in the future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tomato%20spotted%20wild%20virus%20%28TSWV%29" title="tomato spotted wild virus (TSWV)">tomato spotted wild virus (TSWV)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Solanum%20lycopersicum" title=" Solanum lycopersicum"> Solanum lycopersicum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plant%20virus" title=" plant virus"> plant virus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=miRNAs" title=" miRNAs"> miRNAs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microRNA%20target%20prediction" title=" microRNA target prediction"> microRNA target prediction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mRNA" title=" mRNA"> mRNA</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145943/prediction-of-solanum-lycopersicum-genome-encoded-micrornas-targeting-tomato-spotted-wilt-virus" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145943.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">163</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">59</span> Study of the Morpho-Sedimentary Evolution of Tidal Mouths on the Southern Fringe of the Gulf of Gabes, Southeast of Tunisia: Hydrodynamic Circulation and Associated Sedimentary Movements</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chadlia%20Ounissi">Chadlia Ounissi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maher%20Gzam"> Maher Gzam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tahani%20Hallek"> Tahani Hallek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salah%20Mahmoudi"> Salah Mahmoudi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mabrouk%20Montacer"> Mabrouk Montacer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work consists of a morphological study of the coastal domain at the central fringe of the Gulf of Gabes, Southeast of Tunisia, belonging to the structural domain of the maritime Jeffara. The diachronic study of tidal mouths in the study area and the observation of morphological markers revealed the existence of hydro-sedimentary processes leading to sedimentary accumulation and filling of the estuarine system. This filling process is materialized by the genesis of a sandy cord and the lateral migration of the tidal mouth. Moreover, we have been able to affirm, by the use of satellite images, that the dominant and responsible current at this particular coastal morphology is directed to the North, having constituted a controversy on the occurrence of what is previously mentioned in the literature. The speed of the lateral displacement of the channel varies as a function of the hydrodynamic forcing. Wave-dominated sites recorded the fastest speed (18 m/year) in the image of the mouth of Wadi el Melah. Tidal dominated sites in the Wadi Zerkine satellite image recorded a very low lateral migration (2 m / year). This variation in speed indicates that the intensity of the coastal current is uneven along the coast. This general pattern of hydrodynamic circulation, to the north, of the central fringe of the Gulf of Gabes, is disturbed by hydro-sedimentary cells. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tidal%20mouth" title="tidal mouth">tidal mouth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=direction%20of%20current" title=" direction of current"> direction of current</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=filling" title=" filling"> filling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sediment%20transport" title=" sediment transport"> sediment transport</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gulf%20of%20Gabes" title=" Gulf of Gabes"> Gulf of Gabes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70967/study-of-the-morpho-sedimentary-evolution-of-tidal-mouths-on-the-southern-fringe-of-the-gulf-of-gabes-southeast-of-tunisia-hydrodynamic-circulation-and-associated-sedimentary-movements" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70967.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">289</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">58</span> Neuroprotective Effect of Vildagliptin against Cerebral Ischemia in Rats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salma%20A.%20El-Marasy">Salma A. El-Marasy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rehab%20F.%20Abdel-Rahman"> Rehab F. Abdel-Rahman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reham%20M.%20Abd-Elsalam"> Reham M. Abd-Elsalam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The burden of stroke is intensely increasing worldwide. Brain injury following transient or permanent focal cerebral ischemia develops ischemic stroke as a consequence of a complex series of pathophysiological events. The aim of this study is to evaluate the possible neuroprotective effect of a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, vildagliptin, independent on its insulinotropic properties in non-diabetic rats subjected to cerebral ischemia. Anaesthetized Wistar rats were subjected to either left middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) or sham operation followed by reperfusion after 30 min of MCAO. The other three groups were orally administered vildagliptin at 3 dose levels (2.5, 5, 10 mg/kg) for 3 successive weeks before subjected to left focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion and till the end of the study. Neurological deficit scores and motor activity were assessed 24h following reperfusion. 48h following reperfusion, rats were euthanized and their left brain hemispheres were harvested and used in the biochemical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical investigations. Vildagliptin pretreatment improved neurological score deficit, locomotor activity and motor coordination in MCAO rats. Moreover, vildagliptin reduced malondialdehyde (MDA), elevated reduced glutathione (GSH), phosphotylinosital 3 kinase (PI3K), phosphorylated of protein kinase B (p-AKT), and mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) brain contents in addition to reducing protein expression of caspase-3. Also, vildagliptin showed a dose-dependent attenuation in neuronal cell loss and histopathological alterations in MCAO rats. This study proves that vildagliptin exerted the neuroprotective effect in a dose-dependent manner as shown in amelioration of neuronal cell loss and histopathological damage in MCAO rats, which may be mediated by attenuating neuronal and motor deficits, it’s anti-oxidant property, activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and its anti-apoptotic effect. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=caspase-3" title="caspase-3">caspase-3</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cerebral%20ischemia" title=" cerebral ischemia"> cerebral ischemia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dipeptidyl%20peptidase-4%20inhibitor" title=" dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor"> dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oxidative%20stress" title=" oxidative stress"> oxidative stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PI3K%2FAKT%2FmTOR%20pathway" title=" PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway"> PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rats" title=" rats"> rats</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vildagliptin" title=" vildagliptin"> vildagliptin</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90168/neuroprotective-effect-of-vildagliptin-against-cerebral-ischemia-in-rats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90168.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">160</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">57</span> Use of High Hydrostatic Pressure as an Alternative Preservation Method in Camels Milk</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fahad%20Aljasass">Fahad Aljasass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamza%20Abu-Tarboush"> Hamza Abu-Tarboush</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salah%20Aleid"> Salah Aleid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siddig%20Hamad"> Siddig Hamad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The effects of different high hydrostatic pressure treatments on the shelf life of camel’s milk were studied. Treatments at 300 to 350 MPa for 5 minutes at 40°C reduced microbial contamination to levels that prolonged the shelf life of refrigerated (3° C) milk up to 28 days. The treatment resulted in a decrease in the proteolytic activity of the milk. The content of proteolytic enzymes in the untreated milk sample was 4.23 µM/ml. This content decreased significantly to 3.61 µM/ml when the sample was treated at 250 MPa. Treatment at 300 MPa decreased the content to 3.90 which was not significantly different from the content of the untreated sample. The content of the sample treated at 350 MPa dropped to 2.98 µM/ml which was significantly lower than the contents of all other treated and untreated samples. High pressure treatment caused a slight but statistically significant increase in the pH of camel’s milk. The pH of the untreated sample was 6.63, which increased significantly to 6.70, in the samples treated at 250 and 350 MPa, but insignificantly in the sample treated at 300 MPa. High pressure treatment resulted in some degree of milk fat oxidation. The thiobarbituric acid (TBA) value of the untreated sample was 0.86 mg malonaldehyde/kg milk. This value remained unchanged in the sample treated at 250 MPa, but then it increased significantly to 1.25 and 1.33 mg/kg in the samples treated at 300 and 350 MPa, respectively. High pressure treatment caused a small increase in the greenness (a* value) of camel’s milk. The value of a* was reduced from -1.17 for the untreated sample to -1.26, -1.21 and -1.30 for the samples treated at 250, 300 and 350 MPa, respectively. Δa* at the 250 MPa treatment was -0.09, which then decreased to -0.04 at the 300 MPa treatment to increase again to -0.13 at the 350 MPa treatment. The yellowness (b* value) of camel’s milk increased significantly as a result of high pressure treatment. The b* value of the untreated sample was 1.40, this value increased to 2.73, 2.31 and 2.18 after treatments at 250, 300 and 350 MPa, respectively. The Δb* value was +1.33 at the treatment 250 MPa, decreased to +0.91 at 300 MPa and further to +0.78 at 350 MPa. The pressure treatment caused slight effect on color, slight decrease in protease activity and a slight increase in the oxidation products of lipids. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20hydrostatic%20pressure" title="high hydrostatic pressure">high hydrostatic pressure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=camel%E2%80%99s%20milk" title=" camel’s milk"> camel’s milk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mesophilic%20aerobic%20bacteria" title=" mesophilic aerobic bacteria"> mesophilic aerobic bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clotting" title=" clotting"> clotting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protease" title=" protease "> protease </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56106/use-of-high-hydrostatic-pressure-as-an-alternative-preservation-method-in-camels-milk" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56106.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">272</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">56</span> Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Detecting Malignancy in Maxillofacial Lesions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Khalifa%20Zayet">Mohamed Khalifa Zayet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salma%20Belal%20Eiid"> Salma Belal Eiid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mushira%20Mohamed%20Dahaba"> Mushira Mohamed Dahaba</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Malignant tumors may not be easily detected by traditional radiographic techniques especially in an anatomically complex area like maxillofacial region. At the same time, the advent of biological functional MRI was a significant footstep in the diagnostic imaging field. Objective: The purpose of this study was to define the malignant metabolic profile of maxillofacial lesions using diffusion MRI and magnetic resonance spectroscopy, as adjunctive aids for diagnosing of such lesions. Subjects and Methods: Twenty-one patients with twenty-two lesions were enrolled in this study. Both morphological and functional MRI scans were performed, where T1, T2 weighted images, diffusion-weighted MRI with four apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps were constructed for analysis, and magnetic resonance spectroscopy with qualitative and semi-quantitative analyses of choline and lactate peaks were applied. Then, all patients underwent incisional or excisional biopsies within two weeks from MR scans. Results: Statistical analysis revealed that not all the parameters had the same diagnostic performance, where lactate had the highest areas under the curve (AUC) of 0.9 and choline was the lowest with insignificant diagnostic value. The best cut-off value suggested for lactate was 0.125, where any lesion above this value is supposed to be malignant with 90 % sensitivity and 83.3 % specificity. Despite that ADC maps had comparable AUCs still, the statistical measure that had the final say was the interpretation of likelihood ratio. As expected, lactate again showed the best combination of positive and negative likelihood ratios, whereas for the maps, ADC map with 500 and 1000 b-values showed the best realistic combination of likelihood ratios, however, with lower sensitivity and specificity than lactate. Conclusion: Diffusion weighted imaging and magnetic resonance spectroscopy are state-of-art in the diagnostic arena and they manifested themselves as key players in the differentiation process of orofacial tumors. The complete biological profile of malignancy can be decoded as low ADC values, high choline and/or high lactate, whereas that of benign entities can be translated as high ADC values, low choline and no lactate. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diffusion%20magnetic%20resonance%20imaging" title="diffusion magnetic resonance imaging">diffusion magnetic resonance imaging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20resonance%20spectroscopy" title=" magnetic resonance spectroscopy"> magnetic resonance spectroscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=malignant%20tumors" title=" malignant tumors"> malignant tumors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maxillofacial" title=" maxillofacial"> maxillofacial</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83030/diffusion-magnetic-resonance-imaging-and-magnetic-resonance-spectroscopy-in-detecting-malignancy-in-maxillofacial-lesions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83030.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">179</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">55</span> The Effect of Grading Characteristics on the Shear Strength and Mechanical Behavior of Granular Classes of Sands</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salah%20Brahim%20Belakhdar">Salah Brahim Belakhdar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tari%20Mohammed%20Amin"> Tari Mohammed Amin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rafai%20Abderrahmen"> Rafai Abderrahmen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amalsi%20Bilal"> Amalsi Bilal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Shear strength of sandy soils has been considered as the important parameter to study the stability of different civil engineering structures when subjected to monotonic, cyclic, and earthquake loading conditions. The proposed research investigated the effect of grading characteristics on the shear strength and mechanical behaviour of granular classes of sands mixed with salt in loose and dense states (Dr=15% and 90%). The laboratory investigation aimed at understanding the extent or degree at which shear strength of sand-silt mixture soil is affected by its gradation under static loading conditions. For the purpose of clarifying and evaluating the shear strength characteristics of sandy soils, a series of Casagrande shear box tests were carried out on different reconstituted samples of sand-silt mixtures with various gradations. The soil samples were tested under different normal stresses (100, 200, and 300 kPa). The results from this laboratory investigation were used to develop insight into the shear strength response of sand and sand-silt mixtures under monotonic loading conditions. The analysis of the obtained data revealed that the grading characteristics (D10, D50, Cu, ESR, and MGSR) have a significant influence on the shear strength response. It was found that shear strength can be correlated to the grading characteristics for the sand-silt mixture. The effective size ratio (ESR) and mean grain size ratio (MGSR) appear as pertinent parameters to predict the shear strength response of the sand-silt mixtures for soil gradation under study. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20behavior" title="mechanical behavior">mechanical behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silty%20sand" title=" silty sand"> silty sand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction%20angle" title=" friction angle"> friction angle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cohesion" title=" cohesion"> cohesion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fines%20content" title=" fines content"> fines content</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26025/the-effect-of-grading-characteristics-on-the-shear-strength-and-mechanical-behavior-of-granular-classes-of-sands" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26025.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">380</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">54</span> Combined Effect of Gender Differences and Fatiguing Task on Unipedal Postural Balance and Functional Mobility in Adults with Multiple Sclerosis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sonda%20Jallouli">Sonda Jallouli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omar%20Hammouda"> Omar Hammouda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Imen%20Ben%20Dhia"> Imen Ben Dhia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salma%20Sakka"> Salma Sakka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chokri%20Mhiri"> Chokri Mhiri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Habib%20Elleuch"> Mohamed Habib Elleuch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abedlmoneem%20Yahia"> Abedlmoneem Yahia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sameh%20Ghroubi"> Sameh Ghroubi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterized by gender differences with affecting women two to four times more than men, but the disease progression is faster and more severe in men. Fatigue represents one of the most frequent and disabling symptoms related to MS. Results of previous studies regarding gender differences in fatigue perception in MS persons are contradictory. Besides, fatigue has been shown to affect negatively postural balance and functional mobility in MS persons. However, no study has taken into account gender differences in the response of these physical parameters to a fatiguing protocol in MS persons. Given the reduction of autonomy due to the alteration of these parameters induced by fatigue and the importance of gender differences in postural balance training programs in fatigued men and women with MS, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of gender difference on unipedal postural balance and functional mobility after performing a fatiguing task in MS adults. Methods: Eleven women (30.29 ± 7.99 years) and seven men (30.91 ± 8.19 years) with relapsing-remitting MS performed a fatiguing protocol: three sets of the 5×sit to stand test (5-STST), six-minute walk test (6MWT) followed by three sets of the 5-STST. Unipedal balance, functional mobility, and fatigue perception were measured prefatigue (T0) and post fatigue (T3) using a clinical unipedal balance test, timed up and go test (TUGT), and analogic visual scale of fatigue (VASF), respectively. Heart rate (HR) and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) were recorded before, during and after the fatiguing task. Results: Compared to women, men showed an impairment of unipedal balance on the dominant leg (p<0.001, d=0.52) and mobility (p<0.001, d=3) via reducing unipedal stance time and increasing duration of TUGT execution, respectively. No gender differences were observed in 6MWT, 5-STST, HR, RPE and VASF scores. Conclusion: Fatiguing protocol negatively affected unipedal postural balance and mobility only in men. These gender differences were inconclusive but can be taken into account in postural balance rehabilitation programs for persons with MS. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functional%20mobility" title="functional mobility">functional mobility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fatiguing%20exercises" title=" fatiguing exercises"> fatiguing exercises</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiple%20sclerosis" title=" multiple sclerosis"> multiple sclerosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sex%20differences" title=" sex differences"> sex differences</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unipedal%20balance" title=" unipedal balance"> unipedal balance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146573/combined-effect-of-gender-differences-and-fatiguing-task-on-unipedal-postural-balance-and-functional-mobility-in-adults-with-multiple-sclerosis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146573.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">144</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">53</span> Influenza Vaccine Uptake Among Tunisian Physicians in the 2018-2019 Influenza Season</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ines%20Cherif">Ines Cherif</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghassen%20Kharroubi"> Ghassen Kharroubi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leila%20Bouabid"> Leila Bouabid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adel%20Gharbi"> Adel Gharbi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aicha%20Boukthir"> Aicha Boukthir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Margaret%20Mccarron"> Margaret Mccarron</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nissaf%20Ben%20Alaya"> Nissaf Ben Alaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Afif%20Ben%20Salah"> Afif Ben Salah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jihene%20Bettaieb"> Jihene Bettaieb</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Healthcare workers' flu vaccination prevents influenza disease among both patients and caregivers. We aimed in this study to assess influenza vaccine (IV) coverage in 2018-2019 among Tunisian physicians and to determine factors associated with IV receipt. A cross sectional study was carried out in Tunisian primary and secondary health care facilities in the 2018-2019 influenza season. Physicians with direct patient contact were recruited according to a self-weighted multistage sampling. Data were collected through a face to face questionnaire containing questions on knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding IV. Bivariate analysis was used in order to determine factors associated with IV receipt. A total of 167 physicians were included in the study with a mean age of 48.2 ± 7.7 years and a sex-ratio (M: F) of 0.37. Among participants, 15.1% (95% CI: [9.7%-20.3%]) were vaccinated against influenza in the 2018-2019 influenza season. Bivariate analysis revealed that previous flu immunization in the four years preceding the 2018-2019 influenza season (OR=32.3; p < 10-3), belief that vaccinating healthcare workers may reduce work absenteeism (OR=4.7, p=0.028), belief that flu vaccine should be mandatory to healthcare workers (OR=3.3, p=0.01) and high confidence towards IV efficacy in preventing influenza among caregivers (OR= 4.5, p=0.01) were associated with a higher IV receipt in 2018-2019 among physicians. Less than one fifth of Tunisian physicians were vaccinated against influenza in 2018-2019. Higher vaccine uptake was related to a higher belief in vaccine efficacy in preventing influenza disease among both patients and caregivers. This underscores the need for periodic educational campaigns to raise physicians' awareness about IV efficacy. The switch to an IV mandatory policy should also be considered. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=influenza%20vaccine" title="influenza vaccine">influenza vaccine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physicians" title=" physicians"> physicians</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tunisia" title=" Tunisia"> Tunisia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vaccination%20uptake" title=" vaccination uptake"> vaccination uptake</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128633/influenza-vaccine-uptake-among-tunisian-physicians-in-the-2018-2019-influenza-season" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128633.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">141</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">52</span> Meta Model for Optimum Design Objective Function of Steel Frames Subjected to Seismic Loads</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salah%20R.%20Al%20Zaidee">Salah R. Al Zaidee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20S.%20Mahdi"> Ali S. Mahdi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Except for simple problems of statically determinate structures, optimum design problems in structural engineering have implicit objective functions where structural analysis and design are essential within each searching loop. With these implicit functions, the structural engineer is usually enforced to write his/her own computer code for analysis, design, and searching for optimum design among many feasible candidates and cannot take advantage of available software for structural analysis, design, and searching for the optimum solution. The meta-model is a regression model used to transform an implicit objective function into objective one and leads in turn to decouple the structural analysis and design processes from the optimum searching process. With the meta-model, well-known software for structural analysis and design can be used in sequence with optimum searching software. In this paper, the meta-model has been used to develop an explicit objective function for plane steel frames subjected to dead, live, and seismic forces. Frame topology is assumed as predefined based on architectural and functional requirements. Columns and beams sections and different connections details are the main design variables in this study. Columns and beams are grouped to reduce the number of design variables and to make the problem similar to that adopted in engineering practice. Data for the implicit objective function have been generated based on analysis and assessment for many design proposals with CSI SAP software. These data have been used later in SPSS software to develop a pure quadratic nonlinear regression model for the explicit objective function. Good correlations with a coefficient, R<sup>2</sup>, in the range from 0.88 to 0.99 have been noted between the original implicit functions and the corresponding explicit functions generated with meta-model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=meta-modal" title="meta-modal">meta-modal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=objective%20function" title=" objective function"> objective function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steel%20frames" title=" steel frames"> steel frames</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seismic%20analysis" title=" seismic analysis"> seismic analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=design" title=" design"> design</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55815/meta-model-for-optimum-design-objective-function-of-steel-frames-subjected-to-seismic-loads" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55815.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">252</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51</span> Impact of Nutritional Status on the Pubertal Transition in a Sample of Egyptian School Girls</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nayera%20E.%20Hassan">Nayera E. Hassan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salah%20Mostafa"> Salah Mostafa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamed%20Elkhayat"> Hamed Elkhayat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kalled%20Hassan%20Sewidan"> Kalled Hassan Sewidan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sahar%20A.%20El-Masry"> Sahar A. El-Masry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manal%20Mouhamed%20Ali"> Manal Mouhamed Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mones%20M.%20Abu%20Shady"> Mones M. Abu Shady</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Pubertal growth is influenced by many factors including environmental and nutritional factors. Objective: To assess impact of nutritional status on pubertal staging, ovarian and uterine volumes among school girls. Method: Study was cross sectional and carried out on 1000 healthy school girls, aged 8-18 years selected randomly. They were categorized according to their ages into three groups: 8-12 years, 13-15 years and 16-18 years ±6 months, then according to their body mass index percentile to normal weight: (≥15-<85.), overweight (≥85-<95) and obese (≥95). All girls were subjected for physical, anthropometric (weight, height, body mass index), nutritional markers WAZ (weight/age Z score), HAZ (height/age Z score) and BMI-Z (body mass index Z score), pubertal assessment (Tanner stage) and pelvic transabdominal sonography (uterine and ovarian volumes). Results: Highly significant differences in ovarian and uterine volumes and nutritional markers (WAZ, HAZ and BMI-Z score) were detected among different grades of puberty in the two age groups (8-12 years, 13-15 years) coming in advance of obese girls (with increase of BMI); except HAZ in the second age group. Girls aged 16-18 years reached to final volume for the uterus and ovary with insignificant differences. Pubertal stage, ovarian and uterine sizes were highly significantly correlated with nutritional markers. Mean ages of onset: of puberty, menarche and complete puberty were, 11.65 + 1.84, 14.79 + 1.75 and 15.02 + 1.68 years respectively. Conclusion: Nutritional status has a crucial role in determining pubertal stage, ovarian and uterine volumes among Egyptian girls during the pubertal process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pubertal%20stage" title="pubertal stage">pubertal stage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nutritional%20markers" title=" nutritional markers"> nutritional markers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=girls" title=" girls"> girls</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ovarian%20and%20uterine%20volumes" title=" ovarian and uterine volumes"> ovarian and uterine volumes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9030/impact-of-nutritional-status-on-the-pubertal-transition-in-a-sample-of-egyptian-school-girls" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9030.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">469</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">50</span> Design and Analysis of a Combined Cooling, Heating and Power Plant for Maximum Operational Flexibility</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salah%20Hosseini">Salah Hosseini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hadi%20Ramezani"> Hadi Ramezani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bagher%20Shahbazi"> Bagher Shahbazi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hossein%20Rabiei"> Hossein Rabiei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jafar%20Hooshmand"> Jafar Hooshmand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hiwa%20Khaldi"> Hiwa Khaldi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Diversity of energy portfolio and fluctuation of urban energy demand establish the need for more operational flexibility of combined Cooling, Heat, and Power Plants. Currently, the most common way to achieve these specifications is the use of heat storage devices or wet operation of gas turbines. The current work addresses using variable extraction steam turbine in conjugation with a gas turbine inlet cooling system as an alternative way for enhancement of a CCHP cycle operating range. A thermodynamic model is developed and typical apartments building in PARDIS Technology Park (located at Tehran Province) is chosen as a case study. Due to the variable Heat demand and using excess chiller capacity for turbine inlet cooling purpose, the mentioned steam turbine and TIAC system provided an opportunity for flexible operation of the cycle and boosted the independence of the power and heat generation in the CCHP plant. It was found that the ratio of power to the heat of CCHP cycle varies from 12.6 to 2.4 depending on the City heating and cooling demands and ambient condition, which means a good independence between power and heat generation. Furthermore, selection of the TIAC design temperature is done based on the amount of ratio of power gain to TIAC coil surface area, it was found that for current cycle arrangement the TIAC design temperature of 15 C is most economical. All analysis is done based on the real data, gathered from the local weather station of the PARDIS site. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CCHP%20plant" title="CCHP plant">CCHP plant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GTG" title=" GTG"> GTG</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HRSG" title=" HRSG"> HRSG</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=STG" title=" STG"> STG</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TIAC" title=" TIAC"> TIAC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=operational%20flexibility" title=" operational flexibility"> operational flexibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20to%20heat%20ratio" title=" power to heat ratio"> power to heat ratio</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51385/design-and-analysis-of-a-combined-cooling-heating-and-power-plant-for-maximum-operational-flexibility" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51385.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">289</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">49</span> The Potential Role of Industrialized Building Systems in Malaysian Sustainable Construction: Awareness and Barriers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aawag%20Mohsen%20Al-Awag">Aawag Mohsen Al-Awag</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wesam%20Salah%20Alaloul"> Wesam Salah Alaloul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20S.%20Liew"> M. S. Liew</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Industrialized building system (IBS) is a method of construction with concentrated practices consisting of techniques, products, and a set of linked elements which operate collectively to accomplish objectives. The Industrialised Building System (IBS) has been recognised as a viable method for improving overall construction performance in terms of quality, cost, safety and health, waste reduction, and productivity. The Malaysian construction industry is considered one of the contributors to the development of the country. The acceptance level of IBS is still below government expectations. Thus, the Malaysian government has been continuously encouraging the industry to use and implement IBS. Conventional systems have several drawbacks, including project delays, low economic efficiency, excess inventory, and poor product quality. When it comes to implementing IBS, construction companies still face several obstacles and problems, notably in terms of contractual and procurement concerns, which leads to the low adoption of IBS in Malaysia. There are barriers to the acceptance of IBS technology, focused on awareness of historical failure and risks connected to IBS practices to provide enhanced performance. Therefore, the transformation from the existing conventional building systems to the industrialized building systems (IBS) is needed more than ever. The flexibility of IBS in Malaysia’s construction industry is very low due to numerous shortcomings and obstacles. Due to its environmental, economic, and social benefits, IBS could play a significant role in the Malaysian construction industry in the future. This paper concentrates on the potential role of IBS in sustainable construction practices in Malaysia. It also highlights the awareness, barriers, advantages, and disadvantages of IBS in the construction sector. The study concludes with recommendations for Malaysian construction stakeholders to encourage and increase the utilization of industrialised building systems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=construction%20industry" title="construction industry">construction industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=industrialized%20building%20system" title=" industrialized building system"> industrialized building system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=barriers" title=" barriers"> barriers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=advantages%20and%20disadvantages" title=" advantages and disadvantages"> advantages and disadvantages</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=construction" title=" construction"> construction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malaysia" title=" Malaysia"> Malaysia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167550/the-potential-role-of-industrialized-building-systems-in-malaysian-sustainable-construction-awareness-and-barriers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167550.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">110</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">48</span> Utilizing Fiber-Based Modeling to Explore the Presence of a Soft Storey in Masonry-Infilled Reinforced Concrete Structures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akram%20Khelaifia">Akram Khelaifia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salah%20Guettala"> Salah Guettala</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nesreddine%20Djafar%20Henni"> Nesreddine Djafar Henni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rachid%20Chebili"> Rachid Chebili</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recent seismic events have underscored the significant influence of masonry infill walls on the resilience of structures. The irregular positioning of these walls exacerbates their adverse effects, resulting in substantial material and human losses. Research and post-earthquake evaluations emphasize the necessity of considering infill walls in both the design and assessment phases. This study delves into the presence of soft stories in reinforced concrete structures with infill walls. Employing an approximate method relying on pushover analysis results, fiber-section-based macro-modeling is utilized to simulate the behavior of infill walls. The findings shed light on the presence of soft first stories, revealing a notable 240% enhancement in resistance for weak column—strong beam-designed frames due to infill walls. Conversely, the effect is more moderate at 38% for strong column—weak beam-designed frames. Interestingly, the uniform distribution of infill walls throughout the structure's height does not influence soft-story emergence in the same seismic zone, irrespective of column-beam strength. In regions with low seismic intensity, infill walls dissipate energy, resulting in consistent seismic behavior regardless of column configuration. Despite column strength, structures with open-ground stories remain vulnerable to soft first-story emergence, underscoring the crucial role of infill walls in reinforced concrete structural design. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=masonry%20infill%20walls" title="masonry infill walls">masonry infill walls</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soft%20Storey" title=" soft Storey"> soft Storey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pushover%20analysis" title=" pushover analysis"> pushover analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fiber%20section" title=" fiber section"> fiber section</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=macro-modeling" title=" macro-modeling"> macro-modeling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182588/utilizing-fiber-based-modeling-to-explore-the-presence-of-a-soft-storey-in-masonry-infilled-reinforced-concrete-structures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182588.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">73</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">47</span> Nitrate-Induced Biochemical and Histopathological Changes in the Kidney of Rats: Attenuation by Hyparrhenia hirta</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanen%20Bouaziz">Hanen Bouaziz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moez%20Rafrafi"> Moez Rafrafi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghada%20Ben%20Salah"> Ghada Ben Salah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kamel%20Jamoussi"> Kamel Jamoussi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tahia%20Boudawara"> Tahia Boudawara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Najiba%20Zeghal"> Najiba Zeghal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present study investigated the protective role of Hyparrhenia hirta against sodium nitrate (NaNO3)-induced nephrotoxicity. A high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a mass spectrometer (HPLC-MS) method was developed to separate and identify flavonoids in Hyparrhenia hirta. Seven flavonoids were identified as 3-O-methylquercetin, luteolin-7-O-glucoside, luteolin, apigenin-7-O-glucoside, apigenin-8-C-glucoside, luteolin-8-C-glucoside and luteolin-6-C-glucoside. Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: a control group and two treated groups during 50 days with NaNO3 administered either alone in drinking water or co-administered with Hyparrhenia hirta. NaNO3 treatment induced a significant increase in plasma levels of creatinine, urea and uric while urinary level decreased significantly. Nephrotoxicity induced by NaNO3 was characterized by significant increase in creatinine clearance. In parallel, a significant increase in malondialdehyde level along with a concomitant decrease in total glutathione content and superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities were observed in the kidney after NaNO3 treatment. The histopathological changes in kidney after NaNO3 administration were shrunken. There were renal tubule cell degeneration and infiltration of mononuclear cells. Most glomeruli revealed shrinkage, a wide capsular space and a peri-glomerular mononuclear cells infiltration. Hyparrhenia hirta supplementation showed a remarkable amelioration of the abnormalities cited above. The results concluded that the treatment with Hyparrhenia hirta had a significant role in protecting the animals from nitrate-induced kidney dysfunction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flavonoids" title="flavonoids">flavonoids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hyparrhenia%20hirta" title=" hyparrhenia hirta"> hyparrhenia hirta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kidney" title=" kidney"> kidney</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nitrate%20toxicity" title=" nitrate toxicity"> nitrate toxicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oxidative%20stress" title=" oxidative stress"> oxidative stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rat" title=" rat"> rat</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21358/nitrate-induced-biochemical-and-histopathological-changes-in-the-kidney-of-rats-attenuation-by-hyparrhenia-hirta" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21358.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">447</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">46</span> Earnings Management and Tone Management: Evidence from the UK</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salah%20Kayed%20Kayed">Salah Kayed Kayed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jessica%20Hong%20Yang"> Jessica Hong Yang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study investigates, whether earnings management in the audited financial statements is associated with tone management in the narrative sections of the annual report in the UK. Earnings management and narrative disclosure are communication strategies used from managers to communicate with investors or other users. Because earnings management and narrative disclosure stem from managers, they can exploit this by doing manipulation in their earnings, and simultaneously disclosing qualitative text (narrative information) in their reports as a tone of words, which will affect users’ perception, and hence users will be misinformed. The association between earnings and tone management can be explained by the self-serving, through cognitive reference points, theory. The sample period lasts from 2010 to 2015, and the sample comprises all non-financial firms that consider under FTSE 350 in any year during the sample period. A list of words from previous research is used to measure the tone in the narrative sections of the annual report. Because this study focuses on the managerial strategic choice and the subjective issues that come from management, it uses the abnormal tone to capture the managerial discretion on tone, and a number of different discretionary accruals proxies to measure earnings management, where accruals management is considered as a manipulation tool from managers to change the users' perception. This research is motivated to fulfil the literature gap by examining the association between earnings and tone management. Moreover, if firms that apply earnings management use tone management to mislead investors, it is beneficial for investors, policy makers, standard setters, or other users to know whether there is an association between earnings management and tone management. Clearly, we believe that this study is fundamental in the accounting context, where it evaluates the communication strategies that are used in firms' financial reports. Consistent with prior research, it is expected that tone management is positively associated with earnings management. This means that firms that use earnings management have incentives to manipulate in their narrative disclosure through tone of words, to reflect a good perception for users, which will conceal the earnings management techniques used in their reporting. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=earnings%20management" title="earnings management">earnings management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FTSE%20350" title=" FTSE 350"> FTSE 350</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=narrative%20disclosure" title=" narrative disclosure"> narrative disclosure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tone%20management" title=" tone management"> tone management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89311/earnings-management-and-tone-management-evidence-from-the-uk" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89311.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">298</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">45</span> A Rational Strategy to Maximize the Value-Added Products by Selectively Converting Components of Inferior Heavy Oil</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kashan%20Bashir">Kashan Bashir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salah%20Naji%20Ahmed%20Sufyan"> Salah Naji Ahmed Sufyan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mirza%20Umar%20Baig"> Mirza Umar Baig</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, n-dodecane, tetralin, decalin, and tetramethybenzene (TMBE) were used as model compounds of alkanes, naphthenic-aromatic, cycloalkanes and alkyl-benzenes presented in hydro-diesel. The catalytic cracking properties of four model compounds over Y zeolite catalyst (Y-Cat.) and ZSM-5 zeolite catalysts (ZSM-5-Cat.) were probed. The experiment results revealed that high conversion of macromolecular paraffin and naphthenic aromatics were achieved over Y-Cat, whereas its low cracking activity of intermediate products micromolecules paraffin and olefin and high activity of hydride transfer reaction goes against the production of value-added products (light olefin and gasoline). In contrast, despite the fact that the hydride transfer reaction was greatly inhabited over ZSM-5-Cat, the low conversion of macromolecules was observed attributed to diffusion limitations. Interestingly, the mixed catalyst compensates for the shortcomings of the two catalysts, and a “relay reaction” between Y-Cat and ZSM-5-Cat was proposed. Specifically, the added Y-Cat acts as a “pre-cracking booster site” and promotes macromolecules conversion. The addition of ZSM-5-Cat not only significantly suppresses the hydride transfer reaction but also contributes to the cracking of immediate products paraffin and olefin into ethylene and propylene, resulting in a high yield of alkyl-benzene (gasoline), ethylene, and propylene with a low yield of naphthalene (LCO) and coke. The catalytic cracking evaluation experiments of mixed hydro-LCO were also performed to further clarify the “relay reaction” above, showing the highest yield of LPG and gasoline over mixed catalyst. The results indicate that the Y-cat and ZSM-5-cat have a synergistic effect on the conversion of hydro-diesel and corresponding value-added product yield and selective coke yield. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=synergistic%20effect" title="synergistic effect">synergistic effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydro-diesel%20cracking" title=" hydro-diesel cracking"> hydro-diesel cracking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FCC" title=" FCC"> FCC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zeolite%20catalyst" title=" zeolite catalyst"> zeolite catalyst</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethylene%20and%20propylene" title=" ethylene and propylene"> ethylene and propylene</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173070/a-rational-strategy-to-maximize-the-value-added-products-by-selectively-converting-components-of-inferior-heavy-oil" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173070.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">79</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">44</span> Strategic Shear Wall Arrangement in Buildings under Seismic Loads</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akram%20Khelaifia">Akram Khelaifia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salah%20Guettala"> Salah Guettala</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nesreddine%20Djafar%20Henni"> Nesreddine Djafar Henni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rachid%20Chebili"> Rachid Chebili</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Reinforced concrete shear walls are pivotal in protecting buildings from seismic forces by providing strength and stiffness. This study highlights the importance of strategically placing shear walls and optimizing the shear wall-to-floor area ratio in building design. Nonlinear analyses were conducted on an eight-story building situated in a high seismic zone, exploring various scenarios of shear wall positioning and ratios to floor area. Employing the performance-based seismic design (PBSD) approach, the study aims to meet acceptance criteria such as inter-story drift ratio and damage levels. The results indicate that concentrating shear walls in the middle of the structure during the design phase yields superior performance compared to peripheral distributions. Utilizing shear walls that fully infill the frame and adopting compound shapes (e.g., Box, U, and L) enhances reliability in terms of inter-story drift. Conversely, the absence of complete shear walls within the frame leads to decreased stiffness and degradation of shorter beams. Increasing the shear wall-to-floor area ratio in building design enhances structural rigidity and reliability regarding inter-story drift, facilitating the attainment of desired performance levels. The study suggests that a shear wall ratio of 1.0% is necessary to meet validation criteria for inter-story drift and structural damage, as exceeding this percentage leads to excessive performance levels, proving uneconomical as structural elements operate near the elastic range. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20analyses" title="nonlinear analyses">nonlinear analyses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pushover%20analysis" title=" pushover analysis"> pushover analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20wall" title=" shear wall"> shear wall</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plastic%20hinge" title=" plastic hinge"> plastic hinge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance%20level" title=" performance level"> performance level</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182474/strategic-shear-wall-arrangement-in-buildings-under-seismic-loads" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182474.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">55</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salma%20Salah&page=6" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salma%20Salah&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salma%20Salah&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salma%20Salah&page=3">3</a></li> <li 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