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class="vheadingv"><b>Verse</b><a href="/bsb/esther/3.htm" class="clickchap" style="color:#001320" title="Click any translation name for full chapter">  (Click for Chapter)</a></div><div id="par"><span class="versiontext"><a href="/niv/esther/3.htm">New International Version</a></span><br />So the king took his signet ring from his finger and gave it to Haman son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, the enemy of the Jews.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nlt/esther/3.htm">New Living Translation</a></span><br />The king agreed, confirming his decision by removing his signet ring from his finger and giving it to Haman son of Hammedatha the Agagite, the enemy of the Jews.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/esv/esther/3.htm">English Standard Version</a></span><br />So the king took his signet ring from his hand and gave it to Haman the Agagite, the son of Hammedatha, the enemy of the Jews.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/bsb/esther/3.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a></span><br />So the king removed the signet ring from his finger and gave it to Haman son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, the enemy of the Jews.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/kjv/esther/3.htm">King James Bible</a></span><br />And the king took his ring from his hand, and gave it unto Haman the son of Hammedatha the Agagite, the Jews' enemy.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nkjv/esther/3.htm">New King James Version</a></span><br />So the king took his signet ring from his hand and gave it to Haman, the son of Hammedatha the Agagite, the enemy of the Jews.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb_/esther/3.htm">New American Standard Bible</a></span><br />Then the king took his signet ring from his hand and gave it to Haman, the son of Hammedatha the Agagite, the enemy of the Jews.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb/esther/3.htm">NASB 1995</a></span><br />Then the king took his signet ring from his hand and gave it to Haman, the son of Hammedatha the Agagite, the enemy of the Jews.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb77/esther/3.htm">NASB 1977 </a></span><br />Then the king took his signet ring from his hand and gave it to Haman, the son of Hammedatha the Agagite, the enemy of the Jews.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsb/esther/3.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a></span><br />Then the king removed his signet ring from his hand and gave it to Haman, the son of Hammedatha the Agagite, the adversary of the Jews.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/amp/esther/3.htm">Amplified Bible</a></span><br />Then the king removed his signet ring from his hand [that is, the special ring which was used to seal his letters] and gave it to Haman, the son of Hammedatha the Agagite, the enemy of the Jews.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/csb/esther/3.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />The king removed his signet ring from his hand and gave it to Haman son of Hammedatha the Agagite, the enemy of the Jews.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hcsb/esther/3.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />The king removed his signet ring from his finger and gave it to Haman son of Hammedatha the Agagite, the enemy of the Jewish people.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/asv/esther/3.htm">American Standard Version</a></span><br />And the king took his ring from his hand, and gave it unto Haman the son of Hammedatha the Agagite, the Jews' enemy.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cev/esther/3.htm">Contemporary English Version</a></span><br />The king handed his official ring to Haman, who hated the Jews, and the king told him, <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/erv/esther/3.htm">English Revised Version</a></span><br />And the king took his ring from his hand, and gave it unto Haman the son of Hammedatha the Agagite, the Jews' enemy.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gwt/esther/3.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a></span><br />At that, the king removed his signet ring and gave it to Haman, the enemy of the Jews. (Haman was the son of Hammedatha and was from Agag.)<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gnt/esther/3.htm">Good News Translation</a></span><br />The king took off his ring, which was used to stamp proclamations and make them official, and gave it to the enemy of the Jewish people, Haman son of Hammedatha, the descendant of Agag. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/isv/esther/3.htm">International Standard Version</a></span><br />The king removed his signet ring from his hand and gave it to Hammedatha the Agagite's son Haman, the enemy of the Jewish people. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/msb/esther/3.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a></span><br />So the king removed the signet ring from his finger and gave it to Haman son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, the enemy of the Jews.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/net/esther/3.htm">NET Bible</a></span><br />So the king removed his signet ring from his hand and gave it to Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, who was hostile toward the Jews.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nheb/esther/3.htm">New Heart English Bible</a></span><br />The king took his ring from his hand, and gave it to Haman the son of Hammedatha the Agagite, the Jews' enemy.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/wbt/esther/3.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a></span><br />And the king took his ring from his hand, and gave it to Haman the son of Hammedatha the Agagite, the Jews enemy.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/web/esther/3.htm">World English Bible</a></span><br />The king took his ring from his hand, and gave it to Haman the son of Hammedatha the Agagite, the Jews’ enemy. <div class="vheading2"><b>Literal Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsv/esther/3.htm">Literal Standard Version</a></span><br />And the king turns aside his signet from off his hand, and gives it to Haman son of Hammedatha the Agagite, adversary of the Jews;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/ylt/esther/3.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a></span><br /> And the king turneth aside his signet from off his hand, and giveth it to Haman son of Hammedatha the Agagite, adversary of the Jews;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/slt/esther/3.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a></span><br />And the king will remove the signet ring from his hand, and will give it to Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, to press the Jews.<div class="vheading2"><b>Catholic Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/drb/esther/3.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a></span><br />And the king took the ring that he used, from his own hand, and gave it to Aman, the son of Amadathi of the race of Agag, the enemy of the Jews, <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cpdv/esther/3.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a></span><br /><V 5:10>And so the king took the ring that he used, from his own hand, and gave it to Haman, the son of Hammedatha, of Agag lineage, enemy of the Jews.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nabre/esther/3.htm">New American Bible</a></span><br />The king took the signet ring from his hand and gave it to Haman, son of Hammedatha the Agagite, the enemy of the Jews.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nrsvce/esther/3.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a></span><br />So the king took his signet ring from his hand and gave it to Haman son of Hammedatha the Agagite, the enemy of the Jews.<div class="vheading2"><b>Translations from Aramaic</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lamsa/esther/3.htm">Lamsa Bible</a></span><br />And the king took his ring from his hand and gave it to Haman the son of Hammadatha the Agagite, the enemy of the Jews.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hpbt/esther/3.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a></span><br />The King took the ring from his hand and he gave it to Haman, son of Hammadath the Aggagite, the enemy of the Jews.<div class="vheading2"><b>OT Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/jps/esther/3.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a></span><br />And the king took his ring from his hand, and gave it unto Haman the son of Hammedatha the Agagite, the Jews' enemy.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/sep/esther/3.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a></span><br />And the king took off his ring, and gave it into the hands of Aman, to seal the decrees against the Jews.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/parallel/esther/3-10.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></span></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv"><b>Audio Bible</b></div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/TRosJDhNG-8?start=693" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><div class="vheadingv"><b>Context</b></div><span class="hdg"><a href="/bsb/esther/3.htm">Haman Plots Against the Jews</a></span><br>…<span class="reftext">9</span>If it pleases the king, let a decree be issued to destroy them, and I will deposit ten thousand talents of silver into the royal treasury to pay those who carry it out.” <span class="reftext">10</span><span class="highl"><a href="/hebrew/4428.htm" title="4428: ham·me·leḵ (Art:: N-ms) -- King. From malak; a king.">So the king</a> <a href="/hebrew/853.htm" title="853: ’eṯ- (DirObjM) -- Apparent contracted from 'owth in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self."></a> <a href="/hebrew/5493.htm" title="5493: way·yā·sar (Conj-w:: V-Hifil-ConsecImperf-3ms) -- To turn aside. Or suwr; a primitive root; to turn off.">removed</a> <a href="/hebrew/2885.htm" title="2885: ṭab·ba‘·tōw (N-fsc:: 3ms) -- Signet ring, ring, signet. From taba'; properly, a seal, i.e. Signet; hence a ring of any kind.">the signet ring</a> <a href="/hebrew/5921.htm" title="5921: mê·‘al (Prep-m) -- Properly, the same as al used as a preposition; above, over, upon, or against in a great variety of applications.">from</a> <a href="/hebrew/3027.htm" title="3027: yā·ḏōw (N-fsc:: 3ms) -- Hand (indicating power, means, direction, etc.)">his finger</a> <a href="/hebrew/5414.htm" title="5414: way·yit·tə·nāh (Conj-w:: V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms:: 3fs) -- To give, put, set. A primitive root; to give, used with greatest latitude of application.">and gave</a> <a href="/hebrew/2001.htm" title="2001: lə·hā·mān (Prep-l:: N-proper-ms) -- Haman -- to rage, be turbulent. Of foreign derivation; Haman, a Persian vizier.">it to Haman</a> <a href="/hebrew/1121.htm" title="1121: ben- (N-msc) -- Son. From banah; a son, in the widest sense (like 'ab, 'ach, etc.).">son</a> <a href="/hebrew/4099.htm" title="4099: ham·mə·ḏā·ṯā (N-proper-ms) -- Hammedatha including the article. Of Persian origin; Medatha, the father of Haman.">of Hammedatha,</a> <a href="/hebrew/91.htm" title="91: hā·’ă·ḡā·ḡî (Art:: N-proper-ms) -- A descriptive term for Haman. Patrial or patronymic from 'Agag; an Agagite or descendent of Agag.">the Agagite,</a> <a href="/hebrew/6887.htm" title="6887: ṣō·rêr (V-Qal-Prtcpl-ms) -- A primitive root; to cramp, literally or figuratively, transitive or intransitive.">the enemy</a> <a href="/hebrew/3064.htm" title="3064: hay·yə·hū·ḏîm (Art:: N-proper-mp) -- Jewish. Patronymically from Yhuwdah; a Jehudite, or descendant of Jehudah.">of the Jews.</a> </span><span class="reftext">11</span>“Keep your money,” said the king to Haman. “These people are given to you to do with them as you please.”…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><span class="crossverse"><a href="/esther/8-2.htm">Esther 8:2</a></span><br />The king removed the signet ring he had recovered from Haman and presented it to Mordecai. And Esther appointed Mordecai over the estate of Haman.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/genesis/41-42.htm">Genesis 41:42</a></span><br />Then Pharaoh removed the signet ring from his finger, put it on Joseph’s finger, clothed him in garments of fine linen, and placed a gold chain around his neck.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/daniel/6-17.htm">Daniel 6:17</a></span><br />A stone was brought and placed over the mouth of the den, and the king sealed it with his own signet ring and with the rings of his nobles, so that nothing concerning Daniel could be changed.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_kings/21-8.htm">1 Kings 21:8</a></span><br />Then Jezebel wrote letters in Ahab’s name, sealed them with his seal, and sent them to the elders and nobles who lived with Naboth in his city.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/genesis/41-40.htm">Genesis 41:40-44</a></span><br />You shall be in charge of my house, and all my people are to obey your commands. Only with regard to the throne will I be greater than you.” / Pharaoh also told Joseph, “I hereby place you over all the land of Egypt.” / Then Pharaoh removed the signet ring from his finger, put it on Joseph’s finger, clothed him in garments of fine linen, and placed a gold chain around his neck. ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/esther/8-8.htm">Esther 8:8</a></span><br />Now you may write in the king’s name as you please regarding the Jews, and seal it with the royal signet ring. For a decree that is written in the name of the king and sealed with the royal signet ring cannot be revoked.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/esther/8-10.htm">Esther 8:10</a></span><br />Mordecai wrote in the name of King Xerxes and sealed it with the royal signet ring. He sent the documents by mounted couriers riding on swift horses bred from the royal mares.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/esther/8-15.htm">Esther 8:15</a></span><br />Mordecai went out from the presence of the king in royal garments of blue and white, with a large gold crown and a purple robe of fine linen. And the city of Susa shouted and rejoiced.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/esther/9-24.htm">Esther 9:24-25</a></span><br />For Haman son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, the enemy of all the Jews, had plotted against the Jews to destroy them and had cast the Pur (that is, the lot) to crush and destroy them. / But when it came before the king, he commanded by letter that the wicked scheme which Haman had devised against the Jews should come back upon his own head, and that he and his sons should be hanged on the gallows.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_samuel/24-6.htm">1 Samuel 24:6</a></span><br />So he said to his men, “The LORD forbid that I should do such a thing to my master, the LORD’s anointed. May I never lift my hand against him, since he is the LORD’s anointed.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_samuel/26-9.htm">1 Samuel 26:9</a></span><br />But David said to Abishai, “Do not destroy him, for who can extend a hand against the LORD’s anointed and be guiltless?”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_samuel/1-14.htm">2 Samuel 1:14</a></span><br />So David asked him, “Why were you not afraid to lift your hand to destroy the LORD’s anointed?”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/matthew/27-24.htm">Matthew 27:24</a></span><br />When Pilate saw that he was accomplishing nothing, but that instead a riot was breaking out, he took water and washed his hands before the crowd. “I am innocent of this man’s blood,” he said. “You bear the responsibility.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/john/19-15.htm">John 19:15</a></span><br />At this, they shouted, “Away with Him! Away with Him! Crucify Him!” “Shall I crucify your King?” Pilate asked. “We have no king but Caesar,” replied the chief priests.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/romans/13-1.htm">Romans 13:1-2</a></span><br />Everyone must submit himself to the governing authorities, for there is no authority except that which is from God. The authorities that exist have been appointed by God. / Consequently, whoever resists authority is opposing what God has set in place, and those who do so will bring judgment on themselves.</div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div><p class="tsk2">And the king took his ring from his hand, and gave it to Haman the son of Hammedatha the Agagite, the Jews' enemy.</p><p class="hdg">took.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/esther/8-2.htm">Esther 8:2,8</a></b></br> And the king took off his ring, which he had taken from Haman, and gave it unto Mordecai. And Esther set Mordecai over the house of Haman… </p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/genesis/41-42.htm">Genesis 41:42</a></b></br> And Pharaoh took off his ring from his hand, and put it upon Joseph's hand, and arrayed him in vestures of fine linen, and put a gold chain about his neck;</p><p class="hdg">enemy.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/esther/7-6.htm">Esther 7:6</a></b></br> And Esther said, The adversary and enemy <i>is</i> this wicked Haman. Then Haman was afraid before the king and the queen.</p><div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/1_chronicles/21-1.htm">Adversary</a> <a href="/esther/3-1.htm">Agagite</a> <a href="/esther/3-1.htm">Ag'agite</a> <a href="/ezra/8-31.htm">Enemy</a> <a href="/2_chronicles/10-10.htm">Finger</a> <a href="/esther/3-8.htm">Haman</a> <a href="/esther/3-1.htm">Hammedatha</a> <a href="/esther/3-1.htm">Hammeda'tha</a> <a href="/esther/1-15.htm">Hand</a> <a href="/1_kings/21-20.htm">Hater</a> <a href="/esther/3-6.htm">Jews</a> <a href="/ezra/7-16.htm">Ring</a> <a href="/numbers/31-50.htm">Signet</a> <a href="/nehemiah/13-2.htm">Turneth</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/esther/7-4.htm">Adversary</a> <a href="/esther/8-3.htm">Agagite</a> <a href="/esther/9-24.htm">Ag'agite</a> <a href="/esther/7-4.htm">Enemy</a> <a href="/job/1-12.htm">Finger</a> <a href="/esther/3-11.htm">Haman</a> <a href="/esther/8-5.htm">Hammedatha</a> <a href="/esther/9-10.htm">Hammeda'tha</a> <a href="/esther/5-2.htm">Hand</a> <a href="/esther/7-6.htm">Hater</a> <a href="/esther/3-13.htm">Jews</a> <a href="/esther/3-12.htm">Ring</a> <a href="/esther/8-2.htm">Signet</a> <a href="/esther/6-12.htm">Turneth</a><div class="vheading2">Esther 3</div><span class="reftext">1. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/esther/3-1.htm">Haman, advanced by the king, and despised by Mordecai, seeks revenge upon the Jews.</a></span><br><span class="reftext">7. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/esther/3-7.htm">He casts lots.</a></span><br><span class="reftext">8. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/esther/3-8.htm">He obtains by false accusations a decree of the king to put the Jews to death.</a></span><br></div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div><br /><br /> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> <br /><br /> </div> </td></tr></table></div></div></div><div id="combox"><div class="padcom"><a name="study" id="study"></a><div class="vheading"><table width="100%"><tr><td width="99%" valign="top"><a href="/study/esther/3.htm">Study Bible</a></td><td width="1%" valign="top"><a href="/study/esther/" title="Book Summary and Study">Book ◦</a> <a href="/study/chapters/esther/3.htm" title="Chapter summary and Study">Chapter </a></tr></table></div><b>So the king removed the signet ring from his finger</b><br>The signet ring was a symbol of royal authority and power. In ancient Persia, the king's signet ring was used to seal official documents, signifying the king's approval and making the decree irrevocable. This act of removing the ring and giving it to another person was a significant transfer of authority. In the biblical context, it shows the king's trust in Haman and his willingness to delegate significant power to him. This act is reminiscent of Pharaoh giving his signet ring to Joseph in <a href="/genesis/41-42.htm">Genesis 41:42</a>, symbolizing a similar transfer of authority.<p><b>and gave it to Haman son of Hammedatha, the Agagite</b><br>Haman is identified as the son of Hammedatha and an Agagite. The term "Agagite" is significant because Agag was a king of the Amalekites, a people who were long-standing enemies of Israel (<a href="/1_samuel/15-8.htm">1 Samuel 15:8</a>). This connection suggests a historical enmity between Haman and the Jewish people, adding depth to his role as an antagonist in the story. The Amalekites were descendants of Esau, and their conflict with Israel is rooted in the ancient struggle between Jacob and Esau. This background sets the stage for the tension and conflict that unfolds in the Book of Esther.<p><b>the enemy of the Jews</b><br>Haman's designation as "the enemy of the Jews" highlights his role as the primary antagonist in the narrative. This enmity is not just personal but is rooted in historical and ethnic animosity. The Jews, as God's chosen people, often faced opposition from surrounding nations, and Haman's plot to destroy them is a continuation of this theme. This phrase also foreshadows the coming conflict and the deliverance that God will provide through Esther and Mordecai. The theme of enmity against God's people is echoed throughout Scripture, with ultimate deliverance and victory found in Jesus Christ, who overcomes all enemies of God's people.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <b><a href="/topical/k/king_ahasuerus.htm">King Ahasuerus (Xerxes I)</a></b><br>The Persian king who reigned over a vast empire. He is known for his impulsive decisions, such as giving Haman the authority to act against the Jews.<br><br>2. <b><a href="/topical/h/haman.htm">Haman</a></b><br>The son of Hammedatha, identified as an Agagite. He is the antagonist in the account, harboring deep hatred for the Jews, particularly Mordecai.<br><br>3. <b><a href="/topical/t/the_signet_ring.htm">The Signet Ring</a></b><br>A symbol of authority and power. By giving it to Haman, King Ahasuerus essentially granted him the power to act on behalf of the king.<br><br>4. <b><a href="/topical/t/the_jews.htm">The Jews</a></b><br>The people of God living in exile in Persia. They are the target of Haman's plot due to his personal vendetta against Mordecai.<br><br>5. <b><a href="/topical/a/agagite.htm">Agagite</a></b><br>This term connects Haman to Agag, the king of the Amalekites, historical enemies of Israel. This background adds depth to Haman's enmity towards the Jews.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><b><a href="/topical/t/the_danger_of_unchecked_power.htm">The Danger of Unchecked Power</a></b><br>The king's decision to give Haman his signet ring without questioning his motives shows the potential dangers of unchecked authority. Believers should be cautious about whom they empower and ensure accountability in leadership.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/h/historical_enmity_and_spiritual_warfare.htm">Historical Enmity and Spiritual Warfare</a></b><br>Haman's identity as an Agagite reminds us of the spiritual battles that often have historical roots. Christians should be aware of the spiritual warfare that persists and rely on God's strength to overcome.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/g/god's_sovereignty_in_adversity.htm">God's Sovereignty in Adversity</a></b><br>Despite the dire situation, God's hand is at work. Believers can trust in God's sovereignty, knowing that He can turn even the most challenging circumstances for His glory and our good.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/t/the_importance_of_identity.htm">The Importance of Identity</a></b><br>Haman's hatred for the Jews was partly due to their distinct identity. Christians are called to maintain their identity in Christ, even when facing opposition.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/t/the_role_of_intercession.htm">The Role of Intercession</a></b><br>The unfolding events in Esther highlight the importance of intercession. Believers are encouraged to pray fervently for God's intervention in times of crisis.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_esther_3.htm">Top 10 Lessons from Esther 3</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/why_isn't_esther's_decree_in_persian_records.htm">Esther 3:10–15 – Why is there no mention in Persian archives or other sources of this monumental royal decree to annihilate an entire ethnic group?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/who_was_haman_in_the_bible.htm">Who was Haman the Agagite in biblical history?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/evidence_for_mordecai's_rise_in_esther_8_2.htm">What evidence exists that supports Mordecai’s elevation to high authority in Esther 8:2, considering Persian records rarely reference Jewish officials? </a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/how_did_esther_save_her_people.htm">How did Esther save her people from Xerxes' decree?</a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/esther/3.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div><span class="cmt_sub_title">Verse 10.</span> - <span class="cmt_word">The king took his ring from his hand</span>. Rather, "took his <span class="accented">signet</span> from his hand." This may have been a ring, for signet-rings were known to the Persians, but is perhaps more likely to have been a cylinder, like that of Darius, his father, which is now in the British Museum ('Ancient Monarchies,' vol. 4. p. 182). <span class="cmt_word">And gave it unto Haman</span>. Thus giving him the power of making whatsoever edicts he pleased, since nothing was requisite to give authority to an edict but the impression of the royal seal (see Herod., 3:128). For similar acts of confidence see <a href="/genesis/41-42.htm">Genesis 41:42</a>; <a href="/esther/8-2.htm">Esther 8:2</a>. <span class="cmt_word">The Jews' enemy</span>. Rather, "persecutor." <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/commentaries/esther/3-10.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a></span><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div><span class="word">So the king</span><br /><span class="heb">הַמֶּ֛לֶךְ</span> <span class="translit">(ham·me·leḵ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Article | Noun - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_4428.htm">Strong's 4428: </a> </span><span class="str2">A king</span><br /><br /><span class="word">removed</span><br /><span class="heb">וַיָּ֧סַר</span> <span class="translit">(way·yā·sar)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_5493.htm">Strong's 5493: </a> </span><span class="str2">To turn aside</span><br /><br /><span class="word">the signet ring</span><br /><span class="heb">טַבַּעְתּ֖וֹ</span> <span class="translit">(ṭab·ba‘·tōw)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_2885.htm">Strong's 2885: </a> </span><span class="str2">A seal, signet, a ring of any kind</span><br /><br /><span class="word">from</span><br /><span class="heb">מֵעַ֣ל</span> <span class="translit">(mê·‘al)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition-m<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_5921.htm">Strong's 5921: </a> </span><span class="str2">Above, over, upon, against</span><br /><br /><span class="word">his finger</span><br /><span class="heb">יָד֑וֹ</span> <span class="translit">(yā·ḏōw)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3027.htm">Strong's 3027: </a> </span><span class="str2">A hand</span><br /><br /><span class="word">and gave</span><br /><span class="heb">וַֽיִּתְּנָ֗הּ</span> <span class="translit">(way·yit·tə·nāh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular | third person feminine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_5414.htm">Strong's 5414: </a> </span><span class="str2">To give, put, set</span><br /><br /><span class="word">it to Haman</span><br /><span class="heb">לְהָמָ֧ן</span> <span class="translit">(lə·hā·mān)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_2001.htm">Strong's 2001: </a> </span><span class="str2">Haman -- to rage, be turbulent</span><br /><br /><span class="word">son</span><br /><span class="heb">בֶּֽן־</span> <span class="translit">(ben-)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine singular construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_1121.htm">Strong's 1121: </a> </span><span class="str2">A son</span><br /><br /><span class="word">of Hammedatha,</span><br /><span class="heb">הַמְּדָ֛תָא</span> <span class="translit">(ham·mə·ḏā·ṯā)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_4099.htm">Strong's 4099: </a> </span><span class="str2">Hammedatha including the article </span><br /><br /><span class="word">the Agagite,</span><br /><span class="heb">הָאֲגָגִ֖י</span> <span class="translit">(hā·’ă·ḡā·ḡî)</span><br /><span class="parse">Article | Noun - proper - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_91.htm">Strong's 91: </a> </span><span class="str2">Agagite -- a descriptive term for Haman</span><br /><br /><span class="word">the enemy</span><br /><span class="heb">צֹרֵ֥ר</span> <span class="translit">(ṣō·rêr)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_6887.htm">Strong's 6887: </a> </span><span class="str2">To bind, tie up, be restricted, narrow, scant, or cramped</span><br /><br /><span class="word">of the Jews.</span><br /><span class="heb">הַיְּהוּדִֽים׃</span> <span class="translit">(hay·yə·hū·ḏîm)</span><br /><span class="parse">Article | Noun - proper - masculine plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3064.htm">Strong's 3064: </a> </span><span class="str2">Jews -- Jewish</span><br /><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/esther/3-10.htm">Esther 3:10 NIV</a><br /><a href="/nlt/esther/3-10.htm">Esther 3:10 NLT</a><br /><a href="/esv/esther/3-10.htm">Esther 3:10 ESV</a><br /><a href="/nasb/esther/3-10.htm">Esther 3:10 NASB</a><br /><a href="/kjv/esther/3-10.htm">Esther 3:10 KJV</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="//bibleapps.com/esther/3-10.htm">Esther 3:10 BibleApps.com</a><br /><a href="//bibliaparalela.com/esther/3-10.htm">Esther 3:10 Biblia Paralela</a><br /><a href="//holybible.com.cn/esther/3-10.htm">Esther 3:10 Chinese Bible</a><br /><a href="//saintebible.com/esther/3-10.htm">Esther 3:10 French Bible</a><br /><a href="/catholic/esther/3-10.htm">Esther 3:10 Catholic Bible</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/esther/3-10.htm">OT History: Esther 3:10 The king took his ring from his (Est Esth. Es) </a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/esther/3-9.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="Esther 3:9"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="Esther 3:9" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/esther/3-11.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="Esther 3:11"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="Esther 3:11" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>