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class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_si.wikipedia.org&uselang=si" class=""><span>පරිත්‍යාග</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82:%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AB%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%B8_%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%A7&returnto=%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%98%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A8%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%82%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A" title="ඔබ ගිණුමක් තනා පිවිසෙන්නේ නම් මැනවි; කෙසේ වුවත්, එය අනිවාර්ය නොවේ." class=""><span>ගිණුමක් තනන්න</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82:%E0%B6%B4%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%9A_%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A7%E0%B6%BA&returnto=%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%98%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A8%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%82%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A" title="අඩවියට පිවිසීමට ඔබව දිරිගැන්වේ. එහෙත් පිවිසීම අනිවාර්ය නොවේ. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>පිවිසෙන්න</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="More options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="පුද්ගලික මෙවලම්" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">පුද්ගලික මෙවලම්</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_si.wikipedia.org&uselang=si"><span>පරිත්‍යාග</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82:%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AB%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%B8_%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%A7&returnto=%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%98%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A8%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%82%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A" title="ඔබ ගිණුමක් තනා පිවිසෙන්නේ නම් මැනවි; කෙසේ වුවත්, එය අනිවාර්ය නොවේ."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>ගිණුමක් තනන්න</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82:%E0%B6%B4%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%9A_%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A7%E0%B6%BA&returnto=%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%98%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A8%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%82%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A" title="අඩවියට පිවිසීමට ඔබව දිරිගැන්වේ. එහෙත් පිවිසීම අනිවාර්ය නොවේ. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>පිවිසෙන්න</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/%E0%B6%8B%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%94:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82:%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9A_%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%BA" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>දායකත්වයන්</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82:%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9A_%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%A0%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A1%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="මෙම අන්තර්ජාල ලිපිනයෙන් කර ඇති සංස්කරණයන් පිළිබඳ සාකච්ඡාව [n]" accesskey="n"><span>සාකච්ඡාව</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Beginning</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-අර්ථ_දැක්වීම" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#අර්ථ_දැක්වීම"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>අර්ථ දැක්වීම</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-අර්ථ_දැක්වීම-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-උපවිශේෂ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#උපවිශේෂ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>උපවිශේෂ</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-උපවිශේෂ-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle උපවිශේෂ subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-උපවිශේෂ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-කාටිරේජ_මස්ත්‍යයින්" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#කාටිරේජ_මස්ත්‍යයින්"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>කාටිරේජ මස්ත්‍යයින්</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-කාටිරේජ_මස්ත්‍යයින්-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-අස්ථික_මත්ස්‍යයන්" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#අස්ථික_මත්ස්‍යයන්"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>අස්ථික මත්ස්‍යයන්</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-අස්ථික_මත්ස්‍යයන්-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-උභය_ජීවීන්" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#උභය_ජීවීන්"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>උභය ජීවීන්</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-උභය_ජීවීන්-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-උරඟයන්" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#උරඟයන්"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>උරඟයන්</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-උරඟයන්-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-පක්ෂීන්" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#පක්ෂීන්"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>පක්ෂීන්</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-පක්ෂීන්-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-මැමේලියා" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#මැමේලියා"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>මැමේලියා</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-මැමේලියා-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-මේවාත්_බලන්න" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#මේවාත්_බලන්න"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>මේවාත් බලන්න</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-මේවාත්_බලන්න-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-මූලාශ්‍ර" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#මූලාශ්‍ර"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>මූලාශ්‍ර</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-මූලාශ්‍ර-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">පෘෂ්ඨවංශීන්</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 144 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-144" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">144 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gewerweldes" title="Gewerweldes – අෆ්‍රිකාන්ස්" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Gewerweldes" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="අෆ්‍රිකාන්ස්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wirbeltiere" title="Wirbeltiere – ස්විස් ජර්මානු" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Wirbeltiere" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="ස්විස් ජර්මානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%89%A3%E1%88%88_%E1%8A%A0%E1%8A%A8%E1%88%AD%E1%8A%AB%E1%88%AA" title="ባለ አከርካሪ – ඇම්හාරික්" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ባለ አከርካሪ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="ඇම්හාරික්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrata" title="Vertebrata – ඇරගොනීස්" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Vertebrata" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="ඇරගොනීස්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hrycgd%C4%93or" title="Hrycgdēor – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Hrycgdēor" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="فقاريات – අරාබි" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فقاريات" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="අරාබි" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="سنسوليات – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="سنسوليات" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="فقاريات – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="فقاريات" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%87%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%A3%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1%E0%A7%80_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A3%E0%A7%80" title="মেৰুদণ্ডী প্ৰাণী – ඇසෑම්" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="মেৰুদণ্ডী প্ৰাণী" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="ඇසෑම්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrata" title="Vertebrata – ඇස්ටියුරියන්" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Vertebrata" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="ඇස්ටියුරියන්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onur%C4%9Fal%C4%B1lar" title="Onurğalılar – අසර්බයිජාන්" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Onurğalılar" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="අසර්බයිජාන්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%92%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="اوْنورغالیلار – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="اوْنورغالیلار" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%80%D1%82%D2%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Умыртҡалылар – බාෂ්කිර්" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Умыртҡалылар" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="බාෂ්කිර්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoumen%C4%97n%C4%93_g%C4%ABv%C4%93" title="Stoumenėnē gīvē – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Stoumenėnē gīvē" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Пазваночныя – බෙලරුසියානු" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Пазваночныя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="බෙලරුසියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Хрыбетныя – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Хрыбетныя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D1%8A%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Гръбначни – බල්ගේරියානු" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Гръбначни" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="බල්ගේරියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%A3%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1%E0%A7%80_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A3%E0%A7%80" title="মেরুদণ্ডী প্রাণী – බෙංගාලි" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মেরুদণ্ডী প্রাণী" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="බෙංගාලි" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%92%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%9A%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%B2%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%86%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8B" title="སྒལ་ཚིགས་སྲོག་ཆགས་ – ටිබෙට්" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="སྒལ་ཚིགས་སྲོག་ཆགས་" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="ටිබෙට්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrata" title="Vertebrata – බ්‍රේටොන්" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Vertebrata" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="බ්‍රේටොන්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ki%C4%8Dmenjaci" title="Kičmenjaci – බොස්නියානු" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Kičmenjaci" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="බොස්නියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrats" title="Vertebrats – කැටලන්" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Vertebrats" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="කැටලන්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A9k-t%C3%B9i_d%C3%B4ng-%C5%ADk" title="Cék-tùi dông-ŭk – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Cék-tùi dông-ŭk" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bukgan" title="Bukgan – සෙබුඅනො" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Bukgan" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="සෙබුඅනො" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DA%95%D8%A8%DA%95%DB%95%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86" title="بڕبڕەداران – සොරානි කුර්දිෂ්" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="بڕبڕەداران" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="සොරානි කුර්දිෂ්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="හොඳ ලිපි"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obratlovci" title="Obratlovci – චෙක්" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Obratlovci" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="චෙක්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87%D1%83%D1%80%C4%83%D0%BC_%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Çурăм тунилли – චවේෂ්" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Çурăм тунилли" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="චවේෂ්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fertebrat" title="Fertebrat – වෙල්ෂ්" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Fertebrat" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="වෙල්ෂ්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hvirveldyr" title="Hvirveldyr – ඩැනිශ්" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Hvirveldyr" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="ඩැනිශ්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wirbeltiere" title="Wirbeltiere – ජර්මන්" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Wirbeltiere" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="ජර්මන්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%B4%CF%85%CE%BB%CF%89%CF%84%CF%8C" title="Σπονδυλωτό – ග්‍රීක" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σπονδυλωτό" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="ග්‍රීක" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrate" title="Vertebrate – ඉංග්‍රීසි" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Vertebrate" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ඉංග්‍රීසි" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebruloj" title="Vertebruloj – එස්පැරන්ටෝ" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Vertebruloj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="එස්පැරන්ටෝ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrata" title="Vertebrata – ස්පාඤ්ඤ" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Vertebrata" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="ස්පාඤ්ඤ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selgroogsed" title="Selgroogsed – එස්තෝනියානු" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Selgroogsed" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="එස්තෝනියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ornodun" title="Ornodun – බාස්ක්" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ornodun" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="බාස්ක්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrau" title="Vertebrau – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Vertebrau" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%87%D8%B1%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86" title="مهره‌داران – පර්සියානු" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مهره‌داران" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="පර්සියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selk%C3%A4rankaiset" title="Selkärankaiset – ෆින්ලන්ත" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Selkärankaiset" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="ෆින්ලන්ත" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vert%C3%A9br%C3%A9s" title="Vertébrés – ප්‍රංශ" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Vertébrés" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="ප්‍රංශ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A8rt%C3%A8br%C3%A2s" title="Vèrtèbrâs – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Vèrtèbrâs" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/W%C3%A4%C3%A4rlisdiarten" title="Wäärlisdiarten – උතුරු ෆ්‍රිසියානු" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Wäärlisdiarten" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="උතුරු ෆ්‍රිසියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wringedieren" title="Wringedieren – බටහිර ෆ්‍රිසියානු" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Wringedieren" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="බටහිර ෆ්‍රිසියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veirteabrach" title="Veirteabrach – අයර්ලන්ත" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Veirteabrach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="අයර්ලන්ත" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrados" title="Vertebrados – ගැලීසියානු" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Vertebrados" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="ගැලීසියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pujase%27orek%C3%B3va" title="Pujase'orekóva – ගුවාරනි" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Pujase'orekóva" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="ගුවාරනි" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrata" title="Vertebrata – මැන්ක්ස්" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Vertebrata" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="මැන්ක්ස්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chit-chh%C3%B9i_thung-vu%CC%8Dt" title="Chit-chhùi thung-vu̍t – හකා චයිනිස්" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Chit-chhùi thung-vu̍t" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="හකා චයිනිස්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%A2%D7%9C%D7%99_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%95%D7%AA" title="בעלי חוליות – හීබෲ" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="בעלי חוליות" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="හීබෲ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%80" title="कशेरुकी प्राणी – හින්දි" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="कशेरुकी प्राणी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="හින්දි" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kralje%C5%BEnjaci" title="Kralježnjaci – කෝඒෂියානු" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kralježnjaci" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="කෝඒෂියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerincesek" title="Gerincesek – හන්ගේරියානු" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Gerincesek" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="හන්ගේරියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%88%D5%B2%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%B7%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Ողնաշարավորներ – ආර්මේනියානු" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ողնաշարավորներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="ආර්මේනියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrato" title="Vertebrato – ඉන්ටලින්ගුආ" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Vertebrato" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="ඉන්ටලින්ගුආ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrata" title="Vertebrata – ඉන්දුනීසියානු" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Vertebrata" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="ඉන්දුනීසියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bertebrata" title="Bertebrata – ඉලොකො" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Bertebrata" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ඉලොකො" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%B0%D1%82%D3%80%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BA%D1%8C%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%88" title="БукъатӀехкьяраш – ඉන්ගුෂ්" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="БукъатӀехкьяраш" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="ඉන්ගුෂ්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hryggd%C3%BDr" title="Hryggdýr – අයිස්ලන්ත" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Hryggdýr" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="අයිස්ලන්ත" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrata" title="Vertebrata – ඉතාලි" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Vertebrata" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="ඉතාලි" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%84%8A%E6%A4%8E%E5%8B%95%E7%89%A9" title="脊椎動物 – ජපන්" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="脊椎動物" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="ජපන්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrata" title="Vertebrata – ජාවා" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Vertebrata" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="ජාවා" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AE%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%AE%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="ხერხემლიანები – ජෝර්ජියානු" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ხერხემლიანები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="ජෝර්ජියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tina%C9%A3lalin" title="Tinaɣlalin – කාබිල්" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tinaɣlalin" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="කාබිල්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%80%D1%82%D2%9B%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Омыртқалылар – කසාඛ්" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Омыртқалылар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="කසාඛ්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%8F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%86%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%B9%E1%9E%84%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%84" title="សត្វឆ្អឹងកង – කමර්" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="សត្វឆ្អឹងកង" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="කමර්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%B6%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%95" title="ಕಶೇರುಕ – කණ්ණඩ" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಕಶೇರುಕ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="කණ්ණඩ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B2%99%EC%B6%94%EB%8F%99%EB%AC%BC" title="척추동물 – කොරියානු" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="척추동물" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="කොරියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Movikdar" title="Movikdar – කුර්දි" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Movikdar" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="කුර්දි" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Омурткалуулар – කිර්ගිස්" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Омурткалуулар" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="කිර්ගිස්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrata" title="Vertebrata – ලතින්" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Vertebrata" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="ලතින්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wierbeld%C3%A9ieren" title="Wierbeldéieren – ලක්සැම්බර්ග්" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Wierbeldéieren" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="ලක්සැම්බර්ග්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrato" title="Vertebrato – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Vertebrato" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gewervelde_bieste" title="Gewervelde bieste – ලිම්බර්ගිශ්" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Gewervelde bieste" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="ලිම්බර්ගිශ්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebr%C3%A6" title="Vertebræ – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Vertebræ" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebr%C3%A0cc" title="Vertebràcc – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Vertebràcc" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyama_ya_mik%C3%BAwa" title="Nyama ya mikúwa – ලින්ගලා" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Nyama ya mikúwa" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="ලින්ගලා" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stuburiniai" title="Stuburiniai – ලිතුවේනියානු" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Stuburiniai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="ලිතුවේනියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mugurkaulnieki" title="Mugurkaulnieki – ලැට්වියානු" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Mugurkaulnieki" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="ලැට්වියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrata" title="Vertebrata – මිනන්ග්කබාවු" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Vertebrata" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="මිනන්ග්කබාවු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%80%99%D0%A0%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8" title="’Рбетници – මැසිඩෝනියානු" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="’Рбетници" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="මැසිඩෝනියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B6%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF" title="കശേരുകി – මලයාලම්" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കശേരുകി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="මලයාලම්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A0%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%80" title="पृष्ठवंशी प्राणी – මරාති" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="पृष्ठवंशी प्राणी" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="මරාති" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%BF%D3%B9%D1%80%D0%B4%D3%93%D0%BD%D0%B2%D0%BB%D3%93" title="Тупӹрдӓнвлӓ – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Тупӹрдӓнвлӓ" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrat" title="Vertebrat – මැලේ" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Vertebrat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="මැලේ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%BB%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BE%E1%80%AD%E1%80%9E%E1%80%90%E1%80%B9%E1%80%90%E1%80%9D%E1%80%AB" title="ကျောရိုးရှိသတ္တဝါ – බුරුම" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကျောရိုးရှိသတ္တဝါ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="බුරුම" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86" title="میرکادارون – මැසන්ඩරනි" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="میرکادارون" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="මැසන්ඩරනි" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warveldeerter" title="Warveldeerter – පහළ ජර්මන්" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Warveldeerter" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="පහළ ජර්මන්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warvelden" title="Warvelden – පහළ සැක්සන්" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Warvelden" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="පහළ සැක්සන්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gewervelden" title="Gewervelden – ලන්දේසි" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Gewervelden" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="ලන්දේසි" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virveldyr" title="Virveldyr – නෝර්වීජියානු නයිනෝර්ස්ක්" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Virveldyr" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="නෝර්වීජියානු නයිනෝර්ස්ක්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virveldyr" title="Virveldyr – නෝර්වීජියානු බොක්මල්" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Virveldyr" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="නෝර්වීජියානු බොක්මල්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%AD%C3%ADgh%C3%A1%C3%A1n_Dah%C3%B3l%C3%B3n%C3%ADg%C3%AD%C3%AD" title="Bíígháán Dahólónígíí – නවාජො" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Bíígháán Dahólónígíí" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="නවාජො" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrata" title="Vertebrata – ඔසිටාන්" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Vertebrata" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="ඔසිටාන්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dugugguruu_qabeeyyii" title="Dugugguruu qabeeyyii – ඔරොමෝ" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Dugugguruu qabeeyyii" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="ඔරොමෝ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8B%E0%A9%9C%E0%A8%A7%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80" title="ਕੰਗਰੋੜਧਾਰੀ – පන්ජාබි" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕੰਗਰੋੜਧਾਰੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="පන්ජාබි" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrata" title="Vertebrata – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Vertebrata" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pfl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pfl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wirbeltier" title="Wirbeltier – Palatine German" lang="pfl" hreflang="pfl" data-title="Wirbeltier" data-language-autonym="Pälzisch" data-language-local-name="Palatine German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pälzisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kr%C4%99gowce" title="Kręgowce – පෝලන්ත" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kręgowce" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="පෝලන්ත" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%91%DB%92" title="کنگریڑے – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کنگریڑے" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%B2%DB%8D_%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%DA%A9%D9%8A_%DA%98%D9%88%D9%8A" title="شمزۍ لرونکي ژوي – පෂ්ටො" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="شمزۍ لرونکي ژوي" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="පෂ්ටො" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrados" title="Vertebrados – පෘතුගීසි" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Vertebrados" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="පෘතුගීසි" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulluyuq" title="Tulluyuq – ක්වීචුවා" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Tulluyuq" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="ක්වීචුවා" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrate" title="Vertebrate – රොමේනියානු" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Vertebrate" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="රොමේනියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5" title="Позвоночные – රුසියානු" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Позвоночные" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="රුසියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%83" title="कशेरुकाः – සංස්කෘත" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="कशेरुकाः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="සංස්කෘත" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D2%95%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%85%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Тоноҕостоохтор – සඛා" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Тоноҕостоохтор" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="සඛා" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrata" title="Vertebrata – සිසිලියන්" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Vertebrata" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="සිසිලියන්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrate" title="Vertebrate – ස්කොට්ස්" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Vertebrate" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="ස්කොට්ස්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AA%D8%B1%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%87%D9%8A_%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1" title="ڪرنگهي وارا جانور – සින්ධි" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ڪرنگهي وارا جانور" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="සින්ධි" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kralje%C5%A1njaci" title="Kralješnjaci – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kralješnjaci" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrate" title="Vertebrate – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Vertebrate" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stavovce" title="Stavovce – ස්ලෝවැක්" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Stavovce" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="ස්ලෝවැක්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vreten%C4%8Darji" title="Vretenčarji – ස්ලෝවේනියානු" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Vretenčarji" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="ස්ලෝවේනියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Cielgit%C3%A1vt%C3%A1liih" title="Čielgitávtáliih – ඉනාරි සාමි" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Čielgitávtáliih" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="ඉනාරි සාමි" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dzemuzongoza" title="Dzemuzongoza – ශෝනා" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Dzemuzongoza" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="ශෝනා" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurrizor%C3%ABt" title="Kurrizorët – ඇල්බේනියානු" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Kurrizorët" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="ඇල්බේනියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="හොඳ ලිපි"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Кичмењаци – සර්බියානු" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Кичмењаци" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="සර්බියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrata" title="Vertebrata – සන්ඩනීසියානු" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Vertebrata" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="සන්ඩනීසියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryggradsdjur" title="Ryggradsdjur – ස්වීඩන්" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ryggradsdjur" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="ස්වීඩන්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrata" title="Vertebrata – ස්වාහිලි" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Vertebrata" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="ස්වාහිලි" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kryngowce" title="Kryngowce – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Kryngowce" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF" title="முதுகெலும்பி – දෙමළ" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="முதுகெலும்பி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="දෙමළ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%B6%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81" title="సకశేరుకాలు – තෙළිඟු" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="సకశేరుకాలు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="තෙළිඟු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D2%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Муҳрадорон – ටජික්" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Муҳрадорон" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="ටජික්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87" title="สัตว์มีกระดูกสันหลัง – තායි" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สัตว์มีกระดูกสันหลัง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="තායි" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bertebrado" title="Bertebrado – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Bertebrado" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omurgal%C4%B1lar" title="Omurgalılar – තුර්කි" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Omurgalılar" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="තුර්කි" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Умырткалылар – ටාටර්" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Умырткалылар" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="ටාටර්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%96" title="Хребетні – යුක්රේනියානු" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Хребетні" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="යුක්රේනියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%81" title="فقاریہ – උර්දු" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="فقاریہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="උර්දු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umurtqalilar" title="Umurtqalilar – උස්බෙක්" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Umurtqalilar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="උස්බෙක්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BB%99ng_v%E1%BA%ADt_c%C3%B3_x%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_s%E1%BB%91ng" title="Động vật có xương sống – වියට්නාම්" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Động vật có xương sống" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="වියට්නාම්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gewerveldn" title="Gewerveldn – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Gewerveldn" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biesse_%C3%A5s_cronzoxhs" title="Biesse ås cronzoxhs – වෑලූන්" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Biesse ås cronzoxhs" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="වෑලූන්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrado" title="Vertebrado – වොරෙය්" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Vertebrado" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="වොරෙය්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%84%8A%E6%A4%8E%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9" title="脊椎动物 – වූ චයිනිස්" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="脊椎动物" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="වූ චයිනිස්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%A9%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="გაგაჩამეფი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="გაგაჩამეფი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%98%D7%A2%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%98" title="ווערטעבראט – යිඩිශ්" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="ווערטעבראט" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="යිඩිශ්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%BA%B8ranko_el%C3%A9gungun" title="Ẹranko elégungun – යොරූබා" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Ẹranko elégungun" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="යොරූබා" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doenghduz_Ndoksaen" title="Doenghduz Ndoksaen – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Doenghduz Ndoksaen" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gewurvelde_be%C3%AAsten" title="Gewurvelde beêsten – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Gewurvelde beêsten" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%84%8A%E6%A4%8E%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9" title="脊椎动物 – චීන" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="脊椎动物" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="චීන" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chek-chui_t%C5%8Dng-bu%CC%8Dt" title="Chek-chui tōng-bu̍t – මින් නන් චයිනිස්" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Chek-chui tōng-bu̍t" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="මින් නන් චයිනිස්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%84%8A%E6%A4%8E%E5%8B%95%E7%89%A9" title="脊椎動物 – කැන්ටොනීස්" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="脊椎動物" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="කැන්ටොනීස්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q25241#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="අන්තර්භාෂාමය සබැඳි සංස්කරණය කරන්න" class="wbc-editpage">සබැඳි සංස්කරණය කරන්න</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="නාම අවකාශ"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div 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class="vector-menu-heading"> වෙනත් ව්‍යාපෘති තුල </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Vertebrata" hreflang="en"><span>විකිමාධ්‍ය කොමන්ස්</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-species mw-list-item"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Vertebrata" hreflang="en"><span>ජීවවිශේෂවිකි</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q25241" title="සම්බන්ධිත දත්ත ගබඩා උපාංගය වෙත සබැඳිය [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata අයිතමය</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div 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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">විකිපීඩියා වෙතින්</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="si" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%94%E0%B7%80:Pristella_maxillaris.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Pristella_maxillaris.jpg/220px-Pristella_maxillaris.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Pristella_maxillaris.jpg/330px-Pristella_maxillaris.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Pristella_maxillaris.jpg/440px-Pristella_maxillaris.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p><b>පෘෂ්ටවංශීන්</b> යනු අස්ථි සැකිල්ලක් සහිත සත්ව විශේෂයන්ය.ගෙලේ සිට වලිගය දක්වා දික්වූ කොදුඇට පෙළක් මොවුන්ට පිහිටයි.පෘෂ්ඪවංශීන්ගේ මොළය ඝන හිස්කබලකින් ආවරණයවී ඇත.මොවුන්ගේ අස්ථි සැකිල්ළ කාටිරේන </p> <pre>අතර පසුව කැල්සියම් එක්වී ශක්තිමත්වේ.මෙම අස්ථි තුල රුධිරය නිපදවන ඇට මිදුළු පිහිටා ඇත.මොවුන්ගේ මධ්‍යම ස්නාු පද්ධතිය කොඳුඇට පෙළ තුල පිහිටා ඇත.මෙම වංශයට අයත් සතුන් ලෙස මාළුවන් උභයජීවීන් සර්පයින් කුරුල්ලන් හා ක්ෂීරපායින් දැක්විය හැක.ලොව පුරා පෘෂ්ඨවංශීන් විශේෂ 65,000 පමණ වාසය කරති.මෙම වංශයට අයත් විශාලම සත්වයා නිල් තල්මසාය.මිනිසා අයත් වන්නේද මෙම සත්ව කාණ්ඩයටයි. </pre> <p>මොවුන්ගේ පරිණාමය පිළිබද විමසා බැලීමේදී පෘෂ්ඪවංශීන් එක් පොදු පූර්වජයකුගෙන් පරිණාමයවී ඇතිබව සත්ව විද්‍යාඥයන් මත පලකරයි.පෘෂ්ඨවංශිකයෙකුට අයත් පූර්වජයකුගේ ෆොසිලයක් කැරීබියන් දූපත් ආශ්‍රිතව සොයාගැනීමට විද්‍යාඥයන්ට හැකිවී ඇත.මෙම ෆොසිලය මාළුවකුට අයත් ෆොසිලයක් යැයි අනුමාන කෙරේ.පෘෂ්ඨවංශීන් අතරින් මුලින්ම ලොව පහලවූයේ මතස්‍යයන් බව සත්ව විද්‍යාඥයන් පෙන්වාදෙයි.මත්ස්‍යයන් ගෙන් උභයජීවීන්ද උභයජීවීන්ගෙන් පක්ෂීන් හා ක්ෂීරපායීන් පරිණාමය වන්නට ඇතැයි පැවසේ. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="අර්ථ_දැක්වීම"><span id=".E0.B6.85.E0.B6.BB.E0.B7.8A.E0.B6.AE_.E0.B6.AF.E0.B7.90.E0.B6.9A.E0.B7.8A.E0.B7.80.E0.B7.93.E0.B6.B8"></span>අර්ථ දැක්වීම</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%98%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A8%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%82%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A&action=edit&section=1" title="ඡේදය සංස්කරණය: අර්ථ දැක්වීම"><span>සංස්කරණය</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>පහත දැක්වෙන ආකාරයේ ලක්ෂණ ඇති සතුන් පෘෂ්ඨවංශීන් ලෙස දැක්විය හැක </p> <ul><li>කාටිලේජවලින් සැදුම්ලත් අස්ථි සැකිල්ලක් ඇතැම් පෘෂ්ටවංශීන්ට හිමිව ඇති අතර එය නම්‍යශීලී වෙයි.එමගින් ඔවුන්ගේ සිරුර පහසුවෙන් නැමීමට හැකියාව ලැබී ඇත. විශේෂයෙන් මත්ස්‍යයින් වැනි ජලජ ජීවීන්ට මෙවන් කාටිලේජවලින් සමන්විත නම්‍යශීලී සැකිළි හිමිවී ඇත.</li> <li>මෙම අස්ථි සැකිල්ල අභ්‍යන්තරයෙන් මධ්‍ය ස්නායු පද්ධතිය පිහිටා ඇත.එමගින් ඔවුන්ට බාහිර සංවේදනයන් පහසුවෙන් මොළය කරා ගැනයෑමට හැකියාව ලැබී ඇත.</li> <li>පෘෂ්ඨවංශීන්ට ස්වසනය සදහා ජලක්ලෝම හෝ පෙනහැලි යුගලයක් පිහිටා ඇත</li> <li>බොහෝ පෘශ්ඨවංශීන්ට අපරගුද වල්ගයක් පිහිටා ඇත.</li></ul> <ul><li>පෘෂ්ඨවංශිකයන් කලල අවස්ථාවලදී මුඛයට පෙර ගුදය නිර්මාණය වේ.</li> <li>පෘෂ්ඨවංශීන්ගේ සිරුර හරි මැදින් දික් අතට බෙදා වෙන්කල හැකි සේ පිහිටයි..</li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%94%E0%B7%80:BlueWhaleSkeleton.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/BlueWhaleSkeleton.jpg/220px-BlueWhaleSkeleton.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/BlueWhaleSkeleton.jpg/330px-BlueWhaleSkeleton.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/BlueWhaleSkeleton.jpg/440px-BlueWhaleSkeleton.jpg 2x" data-file-width="708" data-file-height="341" /></a><figcaption>නිල් තල්මසකුගේ ඇට සැකිල්ලක්</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%94%E0%B7%80:Peregrine_Falcon_12.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Peregrine_Falcon_12.jpg/220px-Peregrine_Falcon_12.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="233" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Peregrine_Falcon_12.jpg/330px-Peregrine_Falcon_12.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Peregrine_Falcon_12.jpg/440px-Peregrine_Falcon_12.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2530" data-file-height="2685" /></a><figcaption>පෙරිග්‍රීන් උකුස්සා.ලොව වේගවත්ම පක්ෂියායිl</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="උපවිශේෂ"><span id=".E0.B6.8B.E0.B6.B4.E0.B7.80.E0.B7.92.E0.B7.81.E0.B7.9A.E0.B7.82"></span>උපවිශේෂ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%98%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A8%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%82%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A&action=edit&section=2" title="ඡේදය සංස්කරණය: උපවිශේෂ"><span>සංස්කරණය</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="කාටිරේජ_මස්ත්‍යයින්"><span id=".E0.B6.9A.E0.B7.8F.E0.B6.A7.E0.B7.92.E0.B6.BB.E0.B7.9A.E0.B6.A2_.E0.B6.B8.E0.B7.83.E0.B7.8A.E0.B6.AD.E0.B7.8A.E2.80.8D.E0.B6.BA.E0.B6.BA.E0.B7.92.E0.B6.B1.E0.B7.8A"></span>කාටිරේජ මස්ත්‍යයින්</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%98%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A8%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%82%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A&action=edit&section=3" title="ඡේදය සංස්කරණය: කාටිරේජ මස්ත්‍යයින්"><span>සංස්කරණය</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>මොවුන් ජලජ ජීවීන්ය.විශේෂයෙක් කරදියතුල ජීවත්වෙයි.දේහ විලාසය ආනාකූල හැඩයක් ගනී.යුගලනයවූ ලය හා ශ්‍රෙිාණි වරල් පිහිටයි.අභ්‍යන්තර සැකිල්ළක් ඇත.සැකිල්ළ අස්ථිමය නොවන අතර කාටිරේජ පමණක් දක්නට ලැබේ.එබැවින් සිරුර නම්‍යශීලීය.හෘදය කුටීර දෙකකින් යුක්තය.ශ්වසනය කරමල් මගින් සිදුකරති.අචලතාපීය එනම් පරිසරයට අනුව උෂ්ණත්වය වෙනස්වේ.සිරුරතුල නියත උෂ්ණත්වයක් නොපවතී.බාහිර කන් පිහිටා නැති අතර අභ්‍යන්තර කන් ඇත.ඇසිපිය පිහිටා නැත.අණ්ඩජ හෝ ජලාබුජ දෙආකාරයෙන්ම පැටවුන් බිහිකරයි.කපාල ස්නායු යුගල 10කි.මොවුන් බොහෝවිට මාංශභක්ෂකයන්ය.උදාහරණ ලෙස මෝරා,මඩුවා වැනි සතුන් දැක්විය හැකිය. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="අස්ථික_මත්ස්‍යයන්"><span id=".E0.B6.85.E0.B7.83.E0.B7.8A.E0.B6.AE.E0.B7.92.E0.B6.9A_.E0.B6.B8.E0.B6.AD.E0.B7.8A.E0.B7.83.E0.B7.8A.E2.80.8D.E0.B6.BA.E0.B6.BA.E0.B6.B1.E0.B7.8A"></span>අස්ථික මත්ස්‍යයන්</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%98%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A8%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%82%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A&action=edit&section=4" title="ඡේදය සංස්කරණය: අස්ථික මත්ස්‍යයන්"><span>සංස්කරණය</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>මොවුන්ද ජලජ ජීවීන් වෙති.මිරිදිය කරදිය දෙකේම දක්නට ලැබේ.අභ්‍යන්තර අස්ථි සැකිල්ල කැල්සියම් මගින් ශක්තිමත්වී ඇත.අස්ථි තරමක් ශක්තිමත්ය.බාහිර සිරුර කොරළ වලින් ආවරණයවී ඇත.දේහය ආනාකූල හැඩයක් දරයි.ලය හා ශ්‍රෝණි වරල් යුගලනයවී නැත.හෘදය කුටීර දෙකකි.කරමල් මගින් ශ්වසනය කරති.අවලතාපීය පරිසරයට අනුව උෂ්ණත්වය වෙනස්වේ.බහිර කන් පිහිටා නැත.එහෙත් අභ්‍යන්තර කන් පිහිටයි.ඇසිපිය පිහිටා නැත.පැටවුන් බිහිකිරීම අණ්ඩජ හෙවත් බිත්තර මගින් පමණය.කපාල ස්නායු යුගල 10කි.වැඩි දෙනෙක් මාංශභක්ෂකයන් වන අතර සර්වභක්ෂකයන්ද ඇත.උදාහරණ ලෙස සාලයා,හාල්මැස්සා,තිලාපියා ආදිය දැක්විය හැක. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="උභය_ජීවීන්"><span id=".E0.B6.8B.E0.B6.B7.E0.B6.BA_.E0.B6.A2.E0.B7.93.E0.B7.80.E0.B7.93.E0.B6.B1.E0.B7.8A"></span>උභය ජීවීන්</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%98%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A8%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%82%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A&action=edit&section=5" title="ඡේදය සංස්කරණය: උභය ජීවීන්"><span>සංස්කරණය</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>ජලජ හා ගොඩබිම යන පරිසර දෙකේම දක්නට ලැබේ.පංචාංගුලික ගාත්‍රා පිහිටයි.අභ්‍යන්තර සැලිල්ළක් පිහිටයි.හෘදය කුටීර තුනකින් යුක්තය.ශ්වසනය කරමල්,පෙනහළු හා සම මගින් සිදු කරති.කපාල ස්නායු යුගල 10කි.බාහිර කන් පිහිටා නැත.අැසිපිය සහිත ඇස් ආවරණ පිහිටයි.ක්‍රමයෙන් විකසනයවන රූපාංතරයක් සහිත ජීවන චක්‍රයක් දරති.ජලයේ හෝ තෙතමනය ඇති තැනෙක බිත්තර දමයි.ඒවායින් කීටයන් බිහිවී කීටයා ක්‍රමයෙන් පරිණත ජීවියෙකු දක්වා වේෂාන්තරණයවේ.කීට අවධිය කුල කරමල් දරන අතර ජලයතුල වාසය කරති.වැඩුනු සතුන්ට පෙනහළු පිහිටයි.මොවුන් මාංශභක්ෂකයන්ය.අවලතාපීය.උදාහරණ ලෙස මැඩියා,ගෙම්බා,සලමන්දරා දැක්විය හැක. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="උරඟයන්"><span id=".E0.B6.8B.E0.B6.BB.E0.B6.9F.E0.B6.BA.E0.B6.B1.E0.B7.8A"></span>උරඟයන්</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%98%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A8%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%82%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A&action=edit&section=6" title="ඡේදය සංස්කරණය: උරඟයන්"><span>සංස්කරණය</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>යුගලනයවූ පංචාගුලික ගාත්‍රා දරයි.ඇතැම් සතුන්ට පාද නොපිහිටයි.පළල් මුඛයක් ඇත.එබැවින් විශාල සතුන් ගොදුරුකරගත හැක.කොරළ සහිත සමකි පිහිටයි.දෙකට බෙදුන දිවක් පිහිටයි.මෙම දිවෙන් පරිසරයේ සංවේදන හඳුනාගැනීමට ඔවුන්ට හැක.අභ්‍යන්තර සැකිල්ළක් ඇත.බාහිර කන් නොපිහිටයි.හෘදය කුටීර තුනකින් යුක්තය.ශ්වසනය පෙනහළු මගින් සිදුකරයි.කපාල ස්නායු යුගල 12ක් පිහිටයි.ඇතැම් සර්පයින්ට විෂ දළ පිහිටයි.පැටවුන් බිහිකිරීම බිත්තර මගින් සිදුකරයි.මොවුන්ගේ බිජු කවචයකින් ආවරණයවී පවතී.අවලතාපීය.මාංශභක්ෂකයන්ය. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="පක්ෂීන්"><span id=".E0.B6.B4.E0.B6.9A.E0.B7.8A.E0.B7.82.E0.B7.93.E0.B6.B1.E0.B7.8A"></span>පක්ෂීන්</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%98%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A8%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%82%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A&action=edit&section=7" title="ඡේදය සංස්කරණය: පක්ෂීන්"><span>සංස්කරණය</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>ආනාකූල හැඩැති දේහයක් දරයි.පිහාටු සහිත සමකි.කොරළ සහිත පාද පිහිටයි.ශ්වසනය පෙනහළු මගින් සිදුකරයි.පංචාංගුලික ගාත්‍රා පිහිටයි.පූර්ව ගාත්‍රා පිහාටු බවට විකසනයවී ඇත.හෘදය කුටීර හතරකි.අවලතාපීය එනම් ශරීර උෂ්ණත්වය පරිසරයට අනුව වෙනස් නොවේ.පැටවුන් බිහිකිරීම බිත්තර මගිනි.බිත්තර කවචයකින් ආවරණයවී පවතී.මොවුන් බිත්තර රැකීම සිදුකරන අතර කුඩා පැටවුන් දෙමාපියන් විසින් රැකබලාගනු ලැබෙති.බොහෝ පක්ෂීන්ට අහසේ පියාසර කල හැකිය.එහෙත් පැස්බර,පෙන්ගුවින්,කිවි වැනි පක්ෂීන්ට පියසරකල නොහැකිය.ඇසිපිය සහිත ඇසි ආවරණ ඇත.බාහිර කන් නැත.අභ්‍යන්තර කන් පිහිටයි.කපාල ස්නායු යුගල 12කි.ඇතැම් පක්ෂීන් ශක භක්ෂකයන් වන අතර ඇතැමුන් සර්ව භක්ෂකය තවත් ඇතැම් පක්ෂීන් මාංශභක්ෂකය.ඇතැම් පක්ෂින් සමාජශීලීය.ඇතැම් පක්ෂීන් සමූහ වශයෙන්ද ඇතමුන් ජොඩු වශයෙන්ද ඇතැම්විට තනි තනිවද හැසිරේ.උදාහරණ ලෙස බට්ටිච්චා,අවිච්චියා,කපුටා,උකුස්සා දක්වියහැක. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="මැමේලියා"><span id=".E0.B6.B8.E0.B7.90.E0.B6.B8.E0.B7.9A.E0.B6.BD.E0.B7.92.E0.B6.BA.E0.B7.8F"></span>මැමේලියා</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%98%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A8%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%82%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A&action=edit&section=8" title="ඡේදය සංස්කරණය: මැමේලියා"><span>සංස්කරණය</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>මොවුන්ට රෝම සහිත සමක් ඇත.පංචාංගුලික ගාත්‍රා පිහිටයි.ශ්වසනය පෙනහළු මගිනි.පූර්ව ගාත්‍රා අපර ගාත්‍රා හා වලිගය පැහැදිළිව වෙන්වෙන්ව හඳුනාගත හැකිය.හෘදය කුටීර 4කි.පැටවුන් බිහිකිරීම ජලාබුජ හෙවත් මවුකුසින් බිහිකිරීම සිදුකෙරේ.ඇතැම් ක්ෂීරපායින් අණ්ඩජ හෙවත් බිත්තර මගින් පැටවුන් බිහිකරයි.උදාහරණ ලෙස ප්ලැටිපසාදැක්විය හැක.පැටවුන් කුඩා අවධියේදී මවගෙන් කිරි උරාබී වැඩෙති.පැටවුන් වැඩිවියට පත්වන තුරු මව විසින් රැකබලා ගනියි.කපාල ස්නායු යුගල දොළසකි.ශාකභක්ෂක,මාංශභක්ෂක හා සර්වභක්ෂක ලෙසද භෝජන රටාව අනුව හඳුනාගත හැක.මොව්න්ගේ මුඛයේ දත් පිහිටා ඇත.බාහිර කන් පිහිටයි.අැස්පිය සහිත ඇස් ඇත.අවලතාපීය.උදාහරණ ලෙස බල්ලා,වඳුරා,මිනිසා,අශ්වයා,අලියා දැක්වියහැක. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="මේවාත්_බලන්න"><span id=".E0.B6.B8.E0.B7.9A.E0.B7.80.E0.B7.8F.E0.B6.AD.E0.B7.8A_.E0.B6.B6.E0.B6.BD.E0.B6.B1.E0.B7.8A.E0.B6.B1"></span>මේවාත් බලන්න</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%98%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A8%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%82%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A&action=edit&section=9" title="ඡේදය සංස්කරණය: මේවාත් 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