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class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-中国" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#中国"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>中国</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-中国-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关中国子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-中国-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-历史沿革" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#历史沿革"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>历史沿革</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-历史沿革-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-职官" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#职官"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>职官</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-职官-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-日本" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#日本"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>日本</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-日本-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关日本子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-日本-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-臺灣日治時期" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#臺灣日治時期"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>臺灣日治時期</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-臺灣日治時期-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-朝鮮半島" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#朝鮮半島"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>朝鮮半島</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-朝鮮半島-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关朝鮮半島子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-朝鮮半島-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-朝鮮民主主義人民共和國" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#朝鮮民主主義人民共和國"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>朝鮮民主主義人民共和國</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-朝鮮民主主義人民共和國-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-大韓民國" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#大韓民國"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>大韓民國</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-大韓民國-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-越南" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#越南"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>越南</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-越南-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-汉字文化圈以外国家" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#汉字文化圈以外国家"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>汉字文化圈以外国家</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-汉字文化圈以外国家-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关汉字文化圈以外国家子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-汉字文化圈以外国家-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-英國、澳大利亚、爱尔兰、挪威" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#英國、澳大利亚、爱尔兰、挪威"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>英國、澳大利亚、爱尔兰、挪威</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-英國、澳大利亚、爱尔兰、挪威-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-新西兰" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#新西兰"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>新西兰</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-新西兰-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-法国" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#法国"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>法国</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-法国-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-美国" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#美国"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>美国</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-美国-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-加拿大" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#加拿大"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.5</span> <span>加拿大</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-加拿大-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-德国" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#德国"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.6</span> <span>德国</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-德国-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-瑞士" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#瑞士"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.7</span> <span>瑞士</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-瑞士-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考文献" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考文献"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>参考文献</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参见" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参见"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>参见</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参见-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="目录" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">郡</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。21种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-21" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">21种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A9_(%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%86)" title="قيادة (الصين) – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="قيادة (الصين)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comand%C3%A0ncia" title="Comandància – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Comandància" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komand%C3%A9rie" title="Komandérie – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Komandérie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commandery_(China)" title="Commandery (China) – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Commandery (China)" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comandancia_(Antigua_China)" title="Comandancia (Antigua China) – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Comandancia (Antigua China)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%86_(%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA_%DA%A9%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C)" title="گون (تقسیمات کشوری) – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گون (تقسیمات کشوری)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commanderie_(Chine)" title="Commanderie (Chine) – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Commanderie (Chine)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khiun" title="Khiun – 客家语" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Khiun" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="客家语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jun_(subdivisi_negara)" title="Jun (subdivisi negara) – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Jun (subdivisi negara)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comanderia" title="Comanderia – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Comanderia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%83%A1" title="郡 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="郡" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B5%B0_(%ED%96%89%EC%A0%95_%EA%B5%AC%EC%97%AD)" title="군 (행정 구역) – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="군 (행정 구역)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komanderi_(China)" title="Komanderi (China) – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Komanderi (China)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kommanderi" title="Kommanderi – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kommanderi" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komanderia" title="Komanderia – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Komanderia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jun_(subdivis%C3%A3o_de_pa%C3%ADs)" title="Jun (subdivisão de país) – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Jun (subdivisão de país)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jun_(Kina)" title="Jun (Kina) – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Jun (Kina)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%BA%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%99" title="จฺวิ้น – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="จฺวิ้น" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Командирство – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Командирство" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C5%ABn" title="Kūn – 闽南语" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Kūn" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="闽南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%83%A1" title="郡 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="郡" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q517267#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" 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class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-noteTA-8689fb8b" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span title="本页使用了标题或全文手工转换"><img alt="本页使用了标题或全文手工转换" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/35px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/53px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/70px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="20" /></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><div id="noteTA-8689fb8b" class="noteTA"><div class="noteTA-group"><div data-noteta-group-source="module" data-noteta-group="PoliticiansUK"></div><div data-noteta-group-source="module" data-noteta-group="UK Places"></div><div data-noteta-group-source="module" data-noteta-group="People"></div><div data-noteta-group-source="module" data-noteta-group="地名"></div></div></div> <p><b>郡</b>，是<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B" title="中國">中國</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%AE%AE%E5%8D%8A%E5%B3%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="朝鮮半島">朝鮮半島</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97" title="越南">越南</a>與<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%BA%E7%81%A3" title="臺灣">臺灣</a>等<a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E5%AD%97%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E5%9C%88" title="漢字文化圈">漢字文化圈</a>內地區使用的<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="行政区划">行政区划</a>單位，起源於中國<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%B0%E5%9C%8B%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="戰國時代">戰國時代</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E7%8F%BE%E4%BB%A3%E6%BC%A2%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="現代漢語">現代漢語</a>中，也常将某些国家的二、三级行政区翻譯為郡。自<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E6%9C%9D" title="秦朝">秦朝</a>起，郡作为第一或第二级行政区，至<a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90%E6%9C%9D" title="唐朝">唐朝</a>时不再设置。<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="宋朝">宋朝</a>人雅稱<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%9E" title="州">州</a>為郡，<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E4%BB%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="明代">明代</a>以後，<a href="/wiki/%E5%A3%AB%E4%BA%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="士人">士人</a>雅稱<a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%9C_(%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92)" title="府 (行政区划)">府</a>為郡。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="中国"><span id=".E4.B8.AD.E5.9B.BD"></span>中国</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%83%A1&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：中国"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="历史沿革"><span id=".E5.8E.86.E5.8F.B2.E6.B2.BF.E9.9D.A9"></span>历史沿革</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%83%A1&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：历史沿革"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>郡的设置始见于<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F" title="战国时期">战国时期</a>，主要是较大的诸侯国在自己<a href="/wiki/%E9%82%8A%E7%96%86" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="邊疆">邊疆</a>设立，<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%85%E5%9C%B0" title="内地">内地</a>由于不需要雄厚的<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A6%E8%A3%85%E5%8A%9B%E9%87%8F" title="武装力量">武力</a>故不设郡，只設<a href="/wiki/%E7%B8%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="縣">縣</a>。当时设郡的<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%98%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="國防">國防</a>目的和价值远远大于同时期的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%BF" title="县">县</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。郡的地位在此时有一定的威慑意义，《<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E8%AE%B0" title="史记">史记</a>》记载<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E6%AD%A6%E7%8E%8B" title="秦武王">秦武王</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9E%E7%9B%B8" title="丞相">左丞相</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%98%E8%8C%82" title="甘茂">甘茂</a>认为<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%B0%E5%9C%8B%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="戰國韓國">韩</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%9C%E9%98%B3%E5%8E%BF" title="宜阳县">宜阳县</a>名为县、实为郡，难以攻克的观点<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E5%A7%8B%E7%9A%87" title="秦始皇">秦始皇</a>消灭<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E6%9D%B1%E5%85%AD%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="山東六國">六国</a>统一天下，六国人民并不心服，各地都有驻留兵力的必要，所以分天下为<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E6%9C%9D%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="秦朝行政区划">三十六郡</a>，郡下统<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%BF" title="县">县</a>，成为中国第一个统一王朝的郡县二级行政区划设置。<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%B1%89" title="西汉">西汉</a>由于恢复了一定程度的分封制，所以郡的同级还出现了<a href="/wiki/%E8%97%A9%E7%8E%8B" title="藩王">諸侯王國</a>，以郡、国统县，仍然是二级制。郡的数量也大大增加，由秦末的约48郡，增加到了汉朝的约102郡。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E6%B1%89" title="东汉">东汉</a>末年<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9B%BD" title="三国">三国</a>时期，原来只起监察作用的13个<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%9E" title="州">州</a>成为正式的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E7%BA%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="一级行政区">一级行政区</a>，郡成为州以下的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%8C%E7%BA%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="二级行政区（页面不存在）">二级行政区</a>。此后，历经<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9B%BD" title="三国">三国</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E6%99%8B" title="东晋">东晋</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%8C%97%E6%9C%9D" title="南北朝">南北朝</a>等分裂割据局面，由于大量增分建制，州郡县三级行政区划体系发生重大转变。最后全国出现了200多个州、600多个郡、1000多个县，一州只有两三个郡、一郡只有两三个县，介于州县之间的郡的实际意义几乎不复存在。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E9%9A%8B%E6%96%87%E5%B8%9D" title="隋文帝">隋文帝</a>在<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80" class="mw-redirect" title="中國統一">中國統一</a>后，废除了<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E4%B8%8B" title="天下">天下</a>各郡，实行州县二级制。不久后，<a href="/wiki/%E9%9A%8B%E7%82%80%E5%B8%9D" title="隋炀帝">隋炀帝</a>又改州为郡，恢复到了秦汉的郡县二级制。<a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90%E6%9C%9D" title="唐朝">唐朝</a>建立后，再次改郡为州，但到了<a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90%E7%8E%84%E5%AE%97" title="唐玄宗">唐玄宗</a>时又改州为郡，这也是郡最后一次作为正式行政区划出现。到了唐玄宗<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%AA%E8%AE%93" class="mw-redirect" title="禪讓">禪讓</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90%E8%82%83%E5%AE%97" class="mw-redirect" title="唐肃宗">唐肃宗</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BB%E5%9F%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="登基">登基</a>后，再次改郡为州，从此中国不再使用郡的划分。但<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="宋朝">宋朝</a>的州則有一個郡名作別名，後來的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%90%86%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="大理國">大理國</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E5%B9%B3%E5%A4%A9%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="太平天國">太平天國</a>等<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E6%AC%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="政權">政權</a>亦設置過郡。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="职官"><span id=".E8.81.8C.E5.AE.98"></span>职官</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%83%A1&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：职官"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="战国">战国</a>郡的长官称<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%A1%E5%AE%88" class="mw-redirect" title="郡守">郡守</a>，是高级官员。<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%B1%89" title="西汉">西汉</a>改称太守，<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%81%E7%A7%A9" title="品秩">品秩</a>二千石，仍是重臣，往往与中央政府最高的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%85%AC" title="三公">三公</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%9D%E5%8D%BF" title="九卿">九卿</a>等职位往互调任。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="日本"><span id=".E6.97.A5.E6.9C.AC"></span>日本</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%83%A1&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：日本"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r85100532">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%A1_(%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC)" title="郡 (日本)">郡 (日本)</a></div> <p>日本曾於1878年至1945年設立郡作为<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="大日本帝國">大日本帝國</a>的行政单位，等级在日本的<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%BD%E9%81%93%E5%BA%9C%E7%B8%A3" title="都道府縣">都道府縣、州、支廳</a>之下，但在<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%80%E5%8A%83" title="日本行政區劃">町</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%91_(%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC)" title="村 (日本)">村</a>之上。截至2008年，市都是直接由县管辖，而与郡相互独立。在日本，虽然町和村隶属于郡，但郡却几乎没有任何行政权力。现在，郡主要用于表记地理区域。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="臺灣日治時期"><span id=".E8.87.BA.E7.81.A3.E6.97.A5.E6.B2.BB.E6.99.82.E6.9C.9F"></span>臺灣日治時期</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%83%A1&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：臺灣日治時期"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>郡</b>是<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E7%81%A3%E6%97%A5%E6%B2%BB%E6%99%82%E6%9C%9F" title="台灣日治時期">台灣日治時期</a>時，1920年至1945年間曾存在之<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E7%81%A3%E6%97%A5%E6%B2%BB%E6%99%82%E6%9C%9F%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%80%E5%8A%83" class="mw-redirect" title="台灣日治時期行政區劃">行政區劃</a>，下轄街、庄與蕃地，行政首長為郡守。<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E5%A4%A7%E6%88%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="二次大戰">二次大戰</a>結束時共設有51郡，如<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%B1%B1%E9%83%A1" title="海山郡">海山郡</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B1%90%E5%8E%9F%E9%83%A1_(%E5%8F%B0%E7%81%A3)" title="豐原郡 (台灣)">豐原郡</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BE%E6%96%87%E9%83%A1" title="曾文郡">曾文郡</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%B1%E8%93%AE%E9%83%A1" title="花蓮郡">花蓮郡</a>等<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="朝鮮半島"><span id=".E6.9C.9D.E9.AE.AE.E5.8D.8A.E5.B3.B6"></span>朝鮮半島</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%83%A1&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：朝鮮半島"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%AE%AE_(%E5%9C%B0%E5%8D%80)" title="朝鮮 (地區)">朝鮮</a>傳統第二級行政區，始建次於<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%AE%AE%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="朝鮮三國時代">朝鮮三國時代</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E5%8F%A5%E9%BA%97" class="mw-redirect" title="高句麗">高句麗</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E7%BE%85" class="mw-redirect" title="新羅">新羅</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BE%E6%BF%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="百濟">百濟</a>）為<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%9E" title="州">州</a>以下行政單位。<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E6%B0%8F%E9%AB%98%E9%BA%97" class="mw-redirect" title="王氏高麗">王氏高麗</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E4%B8%BD%E6%98%BE%E5%AE%97" class="mw-redirect" title="高丽显宗">顯宗</a>九年（西元1010年）改州為<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%93_(%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92)" title="道 (行政区划)">道</a>，郡便一直是朝鮮道以下一個行政單位。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="朝鮮民主主義人民共和國"><span id=".E6.9C.9D.E9.AE.AE.E6.B0.91.E4.B8.BB.E4.B8.BB.E7.BE.A9.E4.BA.BA.E6.B0.91.E5.85.B1.E5.92.8C.E5.9C.8B"></span>朝鮮民主主義人民共和國</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%83%A1&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：朝鮮民主主義人民共和國"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>道、<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E8%BD%84%E5%B8%82" class="mw-redirect" title="直轄市">直轄市</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5%E5%B8%82" title="特別市">特別市</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E7%B4%9A%E5%B8%82" title="特級市">特級市</a>轄下行政單位，下轄<a href="/wiki/%E9%82%91_(%E6%9C%9D%E9%AE%AE%E5%8D%8A%E5%B3%B6)" title="邑 (朝鮮半島)">邑</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%9E%E5%8B%95%E8%80%85%E5%8D%80" title="勞動者區">勞動者區</a>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="大韓民國"><span id=".E5.A4.A7.E9.9F.93.E6.B0.91.E5.9C.8B"></span>大韓民國</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%83%A1&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：大韓民國"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>道及<a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%BF%E5%9F%9F%E5%B8%82" class="mw-disambig" title="广域市">廣域市</a>轄下行政單位，下轄<a href="/wiki/%E9%82%91_(%E6%9C%9D%E9%AE%AE%E5%8D%8A%E5%B3%B6)" title="邑 (朝鮮半島)">邑</a>（約等於<a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="鎮">鎮</a>）及<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%A2_(%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%80%E5%8A%83)" title="面 (行政區劃)">面</a>（約等於<a href="/wiki/%E9%84%89" class="mw-redirect" title="鄉">鄉</a>）。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="越南"><span id=".E8.B6.8A.E5.8D.97"></span>越南</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%83%A1&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：越南"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E8%BE%96%E5%B8%82" title="直辖市">直辖市</a>辖下行政单位，下辖<a href="/wiki/%E5%9D%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="坊">坊</a>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="汉字文化圈以外国家"><span id=".E6.B1.89.E5.AD.97.E6.96.87.E5.8C.96.E5.9C.88.E4.BB.A5.E5.A4.96.E5.9B.BD.E5.AE.B6"></span>汉字文化圈以外国家</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%83%A1&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：汉字文化圈以外国家"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>在<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E5%AD%97%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E5%9C%88" class="mw-redirect" title="汉字文化圈">汉字文化圈</a>中，“郡”在中国大陆、台湾和日本是普遍作为国外行政区划第二级行政区单位的译名。在汉字文化圈以外国家“郡”和“县”通常可以通用。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="英國、澳大利亚、爱尔兰、挪威"><span id=".E8.8B.B1.E5.9C.8B.E3.80.81.E6.BE.B3.E5.A4.A7.E5.88.A9.E4.BA.9A.E3.80.81.E7.88.B1.E5.B0.94.E5.85.B0.E3.80.81.E6.8C.AA.E5.A8.81"></span>英國、澳大利亚、爱尔兰、挪威</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%83%A1&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：英國、澳大利亚、爱尔兰、挪威"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见：<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%A1_(%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B)" title="郡 (英國)">郡 (英国)</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E%E5%9C%B0%E6%96%B9%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" title="澳大利亞地方政府">澳大利亚地方政府</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9B%E7%88%BE%E8%98%AD%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%80%E5%8A%83" title="愛爾蘭行政區劃">爱尔兰行政区划</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%8C%AA%E5%A8%81%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%80%E5%8A%83" title="挪威行政區劃">挪威行政区划</a></div> <p>目前<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国">英国</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0" title="爱尔兰">爱尔兰</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="澳大利亚">澳大利亚</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%8C%AA%E5%A8%81" title="挪威">挪威</a>等国也有被译为“郡”的行政区划，但含义与古中国的“郡”不尽相同。 </p><p>英國的<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%A1_(%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B)" title="郡 (英國)"><b>郡</b></a>（英語：<span lang="en">shire</span>）又译为<b>夏</b>是與<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%A1_(%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B)" title="郡 (英國)">“县”</a>（英語：<span lang="en">county</span>）同级的行政单位，一般由数个中心城市和其他小城镇组成。 </p><p>澳大利亚的<b>郡</b>（<b>夏</b>）與英國大致相同，但“shire”有一些香港文字资料则是翻译为“县”。 </p><p>在爱尔兰的<b>郡</b>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9B%E7%88%BE%E8%98%AD%E8%AA%9E" title="愛爾蘭語">愛爾蘭語</a>：<span lang="ga">contae</span>）、挪威的<b>郡</b>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%8C%AA%E5%A8%81%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="挪威語">挪威語</a>：<span lang="no">fylke</span>），郡则是一级行政区。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="新西兰"><span id=".E6.96.B0.E8.A5.BF.E5.85.B0"></span>新西兰</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%83%A1&action=edit&section=12" title="编辑章节：新西兰"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见：<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E8%A5%BF%E5%85%B0%E4%BA%8C%E7%BA%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" class="mw-redirect" title="新西兰二级行政区划">新西兰二级行政区划</a></div> <p>新西兰的<b>郡</b>（英語：<span lang="en">county</span>）是1876年—1989年的二级行政区。1989年后为<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E8%A5%BF%E5%85%B0%E4%BA%8C%E7%BA%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" class="mw-redirect" title="新西兰二级行政区划">市</a>（英語：<span lang="en">city</span>）和英文名改为「district」中文保留<b>郡</b>的称呼，但「district」通常华语方面翻译为“区”。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="法国"><span id=".E6.B3.95.E5.9B.BD"></span>法国</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%83%A1&action=edit&section=13" title="编辑章节：法国"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见：<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%BD%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="法国行政区划">法国行政区划</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%BD" title="法国">法国</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%81_(%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%BD)" title="省 (法国)"><b>省</b></a>（法語：<span lang="fr">département</span>）与<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AF%AD" title="英语">英语</a>中的“county”或“shire”（郡）类似。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="美国"><span id=".E7.BE.8E.E5.9B.BD"></span>美国</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%83%A1&action=edit&section=14" title="编辑章节：美国"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见：<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" class="mw-redirect" title="美国行政区划">美国行政区划</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%A1_(%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B)" class="mw-redirect" title="郡 (美國)">郡 (美国)</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a>的<b>郡</b>（英語：<span lang="en">county</span>）是州以下的<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="行政区划">行政区划</a>，有48個州使用郡這一名稱（<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF%E5%8A%A0%E5%B7%9E" title="阿拉斯加州">阿拉斯加</a>的“自治城镇”与<a href="/wiki/%E8%B7%AF%E6%98%93%E6%96%AF%E5%AE%89%E9%82%A3%E5%B7%9E" title="路易斯安那州">路易斯安那</a>“堂区”同级的行政单位）。但“county”在美国本地华人和中国大陆则是翻译为“县”。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="加拿大"><span id=".E5.8A.A0.E6.8B.BF.E5.A4.A7"></span>加拿大</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%83%A1&action=edit&section=15" title="编辑章节：加拿大"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见：<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%BF%E5%A4%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="加拿大行政区划">加拿大行政区划</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%BF%E5%A4%A7" title="加拿大">加拿大</a>的<b>郡</b>（英語：<span lang="en">county</span>）是加拿大其中6个省（<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%A4%A7%E7%95%A5%E7%9C%81%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="安大略省行政区划">安大略</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%81%E5%8C%97%E5%85%8B%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="魁北克行政区划">魁北克</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E6%96%AF%E7%A7%91%E8%88%8D%E7%9C%81%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="新斯科舍省行政区划">新斯科舍</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E4%B8%8D%E4%BC%A6%E7%91%9E%E5%85%8B%E7%9C%81%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="新不伦瑞克省行政区划">新不伦瑞克</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E5%BE%B7%E5%8D%8E%E7%8E%8B%E5%AD%90%E5%B2%9B%E7%9C%81%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="爱德华王子岛省行政区划">爱德华王子岛</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E4%BC%AF%E5%A1%94%E7%9C%81%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="艾伯塔省行政区划">艾伯塔</a>）以下的一种<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="行政区划">行政区划</a>。但“county”在加拿大本地华人、中国大陆和有一些香港文字资料则是翻译为“县”。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="德国"><span id=".E5.BE.B7.E5.9B.BD"></span>德国</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%83%A1&action=edit&section=16" title="编辑章节：德国"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见：<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" class="mw-redirect" title="德国行政区划">德国行政区划</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%A1_(%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD)" class="mw-redirect" title="郡 (德国)">郡 (德国)</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD" title="德国">德国</a>的<b>郡</b>（德語：<span lang="de">landkreis</span>）是邦的行政區以下的<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="行政区划">行政区划</a>，但“landkreis”在中国大陆则是翻译为“县”。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="瑞士"><span id=".E7.91.9E.E5.A3.AB"></span>瑞士</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%83%A1&action=edit&section=17" title="编辑章节：瑞士"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见：<a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%A3%AB%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="瑞士行政区划">瑞士行政区划</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%BA_(%E7%91%9E%E5%A3%AB)" title="区 (瑞士)">区 (瑞士)</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%A3%AB" title="瑞士">瑞士</a>的<b>郡</b>（德語：<span lang="de">bezirke</span>、法語：<span lang="fr">district</span>）是州以下的<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="行政区划">行政区划</a>，但“bezirke”或“district”在中国大陆则是翻译为“区”。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%83%A1&action=edit&section=18" title="编辑章节：参考文献"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%95%E6%80%9D%E5%8B%89" class="mw-redirect" title="吕思勉">吕思勉</a>，《三国史话·后汉的地理》。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B8%E9%A6%AC%E9%81%B7" title="司馬遷">司馬遷</a>. <a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E8%A8%98/%E5%8D%B7071#樗里子甘茂列傳" class="extiw" title="s:史記/卷071">樗里子甘茂列傳</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E8%A8%98" class="mw-redirect" title="史記">史記</a>. [-61].</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%83%A1&rft.atitle=%E6%A8%97%E9%87%8C%E5%AD%90%E7%94%98%E8%8C%82%E5%88%97%E5%82%B3&rft.au=%E5%8F%B8%E9%A6%AC%E9%81%B7&rft.btitle=%E5%8F%B2%E8%A8%98&rft.genre=bookitem&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span>：“宜阳，大县也，上党、南阳积之久矣，名曰县，其实郡也。今王倍数险，行千里攻之，难。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">藍亦青. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/cgi-bin/gs32/gsweb.cgi?o=dnclcdr&s=id=%22099NTNU5832001%22.&searchmode=basic">〈帝國之守──日治時期臺灣的郡制與地方統治〉</a>. 國立臺灣師範大學. 2010 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2013-08-22</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200210093309/https://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/cgi-bin/gs32/gsweb.cgi?o=dnclcdr&s=id=%22099NTNU5832001%22.&searchmode=basic">存档</a>于2020-02-10）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%83%A1&rft.au=%E8%97%8D%E4%BA%A6%E9%9D%92&rft.btitle=%E3%80%88%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B%E4%B9%8B%E5%AE%88%E2%94%80%E2%94%80%E6%97%A5%E6%B2%BB%E6%99%82%E6%9C%9F%E8%87%BA%E7%81%A3%E7%9A%84%E9%83%A1%E5%88%B6%E8%88%87%E5%9C%B0%E6%96%B9%E7%B5%B1%E6%B2%BB%E3%80%89&rft.date=2010&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=%E5%9C%8B%E7%AB%8B%E8%87%BA%E7%81%A3%E5%B8%AB%E7%AF%84%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fndltd.ncl.edu.tw%2Fcgi-bin%2Fgs32%2Fgsweb.cgi%3Fo%3Ddnclcdr%26s%3Did%3D%2522099NTNU5832001%2522.%26searchmode%3Dbasic&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参见"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.A7.81"></span>参见</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%83%A1&action=edit&section=19" title="编辑章节：参见"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%83%A1%E6%9C%9B" title="郡望">郡望</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%A1%E4%B8%BB" title="郡主">郡主</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%A1%E5%AE%88" class="mw-redirect" title="郡守">郡守</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%80%E5%8A%83" class="mw-redirect" title="中國行政區劃">中國行政區劃</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%BA%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="地级行政区">地级行政区</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">检索自“<a dir="ltr" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=郡&oldid=85656176">https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=郡&oldid=85656176</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB" title="Special:页面分类">分类</a>：<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E9%83%A1" title="Category:郡">郡</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%8F%A4%E4%BB%A3%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D" title="Category:中国古代行政区划单位">中国古代行政区划单位</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">隐藏分类：<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%90%AB%E6%9C%89%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E%E7%9A%84%E6%A2%9D%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:含有英語的條目">含有英語的條目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%90%AB%E6%9C%89%E6%84%9B%E7%88%BE%E8%98%AD%E8%AA%9E%E7%9A%84%E6%A2%9D%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:含有愛爾蘭語的條目">含有愛爾蘭語的條目</a></li><li><a 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