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.ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Tire_rotation" title="Special:EditPage/Tire rotation">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Tire+rotation%22">"Tire rotation"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Tire+rotation%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Tire+rotation%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Tire+rotation%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Tire+rotation%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Tire+rotation%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2014</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Tire rotation</b> is the practice of moving the <a href="/wiki/Wheel" title="Wheel">wheels</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tire" title="Tire">tires</a> of an <a href="/wiki/Automobile" class="mw-redirect" title="Automobile">automobile</a> from one position to another, to ensure even tire wear. Even tire wear extends the useful life of a set of tires, but the value of this is disputed. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Causes_of_uneven_tire_wear">Causes of uneven tire wear</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tire_rotation&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Causes of uneven tire wear"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Tire#Wear" title="Tire">Tire § Wear</a></div> <p>The differing weight placed on the tires by the front and rear axles causes uneven wear. With the majority of cars having the engine in front, the front tires typically bear more weight than the rear tires. <a href="/wiki/Front-wheel_drive" title="Front-wheel drive">Front-wheel drive</a> vehicles have not only the engine but also the <a href="/wiki/Transaxle" title="Transaxle">transaxle</a> in front, adding to the weight difference. Moreover, additional stress is placed disproportionately on the front tires by braking and steering. Thus, tire rotation needs to occur more frequently for front-wheel drive vehicles. </p><p>Turning the vehicle will cause uneven tire wear. The outside, front tire is worn disproportionately.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In countries with <a href="/wiki/Right-_and_left-hand_traffic" class="mw-redirect" title="Right- and left-hand traffic">right-hand traffic</a>, for example, right turns are tighter than left turns and most <a href="/wiki/Cloverleaf_interchange" title="Cloverleaf interchange">cloverleaf interchanges</a> and parking ramps are right-hand curves, so the left front tire wears faster than the right front, because the left tire travels a greater distance around those turns (the same way that an athlete in the leftmost lane would have to run further around an oval track than one in the rightmost if the race were being run clockwise from a flat line start) and a majority of turns will be to the right.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Conversely, the sidewalls on the right tire tends to be bumped and rubbed against the curb while parking the vehicle, causing asymmetric sidewall wear. The symmetric opposite occurs in countries that drive on the left. </p><p>In addition, mechanical problems in the vehicle may cause uneven tire wear. Wheels <a href="/wiki/Wheel_alignment" title="Wheel alignment">misaligned</a> with each other and/or with the vehicle's axis will tend to be dragged along by the other wheels, causing uneven wear in that tire. If the alignment is such that the vehicle tends to turn, the driver will correct by steering against the tendency. In effect the vehicle is constantly turning, causing uneven tire wear. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tire_rotation_practice">Tire rotation practice</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tire_rotation&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Tire rotation practice"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Car and tire manufacturers may recommend tire rotation frequency and pattern, typically every 5,000 mi (≈8,000 km) to 8,000 mi (≈13,000 km) depending on the tire manufacturer and vehicle make<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to ensure even tire wear. </p><p>A common rotation pattern is to move the back wheels to the front, and the front to the back but crossing them when moving to the back.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> If the tires are unidirectional, the rotation can only be rotated front to back on the same side of the vehicle to preserve the rotational direction of the tires, unless they are remounted. </p><p>More complex rotation patterns are required if the vehicle has a full-size spare tire that is part of the rotation, or if there are <a href="/wiki/Snow_tire" title="Snow tire">snow tires</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Alternative_views">Alternative views</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tire_rotation&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Alternative views"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The benefits of achieving even tire wear, using rotation, are disputed. Some car manufacturers recommend against performing tire rotation, for example <a href="/wiki/BMW" title="BMW">BMW</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many tire manufacturers say that tire rotation is no longer necessary, except to ensure that best tires are fitted at the rear of the vehicle.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In practice this means that when the front tires become worn, the new ones should be fitted to the rear, moving the old rear tires to the front. </p> <dl><dt>Best tires on rear of vehicle</dt></dl> <p>Maximum vehicle control is achieved with the best tires on the rear wheels of the vehicle, whether it is front- or rear-wheel drive.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The reason for this is that if the rear wheels lose grip before the front ones, an <a href="/wiki/Oversteer" class="mw-redirect" title="Oversteer">oversteer</a> condition will occur, which is harder to control than the corresponding <a href="/wiki/Understeer" class="mw-redirect" title="Understeer">understeer</a> which will happen if a front wheel is lost. So the intuitive belief that the front steering/driving tires need to be the best quality is not the case.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This is also the case if a tire blows out. A rear tire blowout will cause the vehicle to become very difficult to control, especially at highway speeds. It also greatly increases the risk of <a href="/wiki/Vehicle_rollover" title="Vehicle rollover">rollover</a> due to <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yawing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yawing (page does not exist)">yawing</a>, a condition where the rear of the vehicle swings out and becomes perpendicular to the direction of travel: yawing can cause the tire to separate from the rim, leading the rim to dig into the pavement, or dirt and grass if no longer on the road, which can trip the vehicle and cause its rollover.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tire_rotation&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg/40px-Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg/60px-Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg/80px-Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="400" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikibooks has a book on the topic of: <i><b><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Automobile_Repair" class="extiw" title="wikibooks:Automobile Repair">Automobile Repair</a></b></i></div></div> </div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFJohnson2021" class="citation web cs1">Johnson, Mark (2021-11-22). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tiresglobe.com/what-happens-if-you-do-not-rotate-your-tires/">"What Happens If You Don't Rotate Your Tires"</a>. <i>Tires Globe</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-03-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tires+Globe&rft.atitle=What+Happens+If+You+Don%27t+Rotate+Your+Tires&rft.date=2021-11-22&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftiresglobe.com%2Fwhat-happens-if-you-do-not-rotate-your-tires%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATire+rotation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://autoemc.net/blog/what-is-a-tire-rotation/">"What Is A Tire Rotation?"</a>. Auto. September 4, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=What+Is+A+Tire+Rotation%3F&rft.pub=Auto&rft.date=2022-09-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fautoemc.net%2Fblog%2Fwhat-is-a-tire-rotation%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATire+rotation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://media.michelinman.com/content/dam/master/Michelin/pdf/Owners_Manual_Post_Promise_Plan.pdf">"Michelin Owner's manual"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. November 2012. p. 14<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 November</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Michelin+Owner%27s+manual&rft.pages=14&rft.date=2012-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmedia.michelinman.com%2Fcontent%2Fdam%2Fmaster%2FMichelin%2Fpdf%2FOwners_Manual_Post_Promise_Plan.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATire+rotation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cartalk.com/content/owners-manual-my-bmw-i-says">"BMW says to not rotate my tires, but the tire manufacturer says different. Who should I believe?"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=BMW+says+to+not+rotate+my+tires%2C+but+the+tire+manufacturer+says+different.+Who+should+I+believe%3F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cartalk.com%2Fcontent%2Fowners-manual-my-bmw-i-says&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATire+rotation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kwik-fit.com/tyres/information/tyre-rotation">"Kwik Fit: Tyre Rotation - Current Recommendations"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kwik+Fit%3A+Tyre+Rotation+-+Current+Recommendations&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kwik-fit.com%2Ftyres%2Finformation%2Ftyre-rotation&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATire+rotation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDemere2012" class="citation news cs1">Demere, Marc (25 June 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.popularmechanics.com/cars/how-to/repair/6-common-tire-myths-debunked-10031440">"6 Common Tire Myths Debunked"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Popular_Mechanics" title="Popular Mechanics">Popular Mechanics</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Popular+Mechanics&rft.atitle=6+Common+Tire+Myths+Debunked&rft.date=2012-06-25&rft.aulast=Demere&rft.aufirst=Marc&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.popularmechanics.com%2Fcars%2Fhow-to%2Frepair%2F6-common-tire-myths-debunked-10031440&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATire+rotation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRussell2015" class="citation news cs1">Russell, Richard (16 December 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theglobeandmail.com/globe-drive/culture/commentary/how-important-is-proper-tire-rotation/article27579072/">"How important is proper tire rotation?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Globe_and_Mail" title="The Globe and Mail">The Globe and Mail</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Globe+and+Mail&rft.atitle=How+important+is+proper+tire+rotation%3F&rft.date=2015-12-16&rft.aulast=Russell&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theglobeandmail.com%2Fglobe-drive%2Fculture%2Fcommentary%2Fhow-important-is-proper-tire-rotation%2Farticle27579072%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATire+rotation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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href="/wiki/Michelin_PAX_System" title="Michelin PAX System">Michelin PAX System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airless_tire" title="Airless tire">Airless tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tweel" title="Tweel">Tweel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rain_tyre" title="Rain tyre">Rain tyre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snow_tire" title="Snow tire">Snow tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All-terrain_tire" class="mw-redirect" title="All-terrain tire">All-terrain tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bar_grip" title="Bar grip">Bar grip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Off-road_tire" title="Off-road tire">Knobby tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Off-roading#Large_tires" title="Off-roading">Large tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mud-terrain_tyre" class="mw-redirect" title="Mud-terrain tyre">Mud-terrain tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paddle_tire" title="Paddle tire">Paddle tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange_oil_tires" title="Orange oil tires">Orange oil tires</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitewall_tire" title="Whitewall tire">Whitewall tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire#Aircraft" title="Tire">Aircraft tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tundra_tire" title="Tundra tire">Tundra tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_tire" title="Bicycle tire">Bicycle tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tubular_tire" class="mw-redirect" title="Tubular tire">Tubular tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lego_tire" class="mw-redirect" title="Lego tire">Lego tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motorcycle_tyre" title="Motorcycle tyre">Motorcycle tyre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire_code#Tractor_tires" title="Tire code">Tractor tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racing_slick" title="Racing slick">Racing slick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Formula_One_tyres" title="Formula One tyres">Formula One tyres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spare_tire" title="Spare tire">Spare tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_tire" title="Continental tire">Continental tire</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_tires#Components" title="Outline of tires">Components</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tire_bead" title="Tire bead">Bead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beadlock" title="Beadlock">Beadlock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire_tread" title="Tire tread">Tread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siping_(rubber)" title="Siping (rubber)">Siping (rubber)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valve_stem" title="Valve stem">Valve stem</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dunlop_valve" title="Dunlop valve">Dunlop valve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presta_valve" title="Presta valve">Presta valve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schrader_valve" title="Schrader valve">Schrader valve</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_tires#Attributes" title="Outline of tires">Attributes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Camber_thrust" title="Camber thrust">Camber thrust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circle_of_forces" title="Circle of forces">Circle of forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold_inflation_pressure" title="Cold inflation pressure">Cold inflation pressure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contact_patch" title="Contact patch">Contact patch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornering_force" title="Cornering force">Cornering force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ground_pressure" title="Ground pressure">Ground pressure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacejka#The_Pacejka_.22Magic_Formula.22_tire_models" class="mw-redirect" title="Pacejka">Pacejka's Magic Formula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pneumatic_trail" title="Pneumatic trail">Pneumatic trail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relaxation_length" title="Relaxation length">Relaxation length</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolling_resistance" title="Rolling resistance">Rolling resistance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self_aligning_torque" title="Self aligning torque">Self aligning torque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slip_angle" title="Slip angle">Slip angle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steering_ratio#Alternate_definition" title="Steering ratio">Steering ratio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire_balance" title="Tire balance">Tire balance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire_load_sensitivity" title="Tire load sensitivity">Tire load sensitivity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire_uniformity" title="Tire uniformity">Tire uniformity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lateral_Force_Variation" class="mw-redirect" title="Lateral Force Variation">Lateral Force Variation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radial_Force_Variation" class="mw-redirect" title="Radial Force Variation">Radial Force Variation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traction_(engineering)" class="mw-redirect" title="Traction (engineering)">Traction (engineering)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treadwear_rating" class="mw-redirect" title="Treadwear rating">Treadwear rating</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_tires#Behaviors" title="Outline of tires">Behaviors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aquaplaning" title="Aquaplaning">Aquaplaning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groove_wander" title="Groove wander">Groove wander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slip_(vehicle_dynamics)" title="Slip (vehicle dynamics)">Slip (vehicle dynamics)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tramlining" title="Tramlining">Tramlining</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_tires#Maintenance" title="Outline of tires">Maintenance</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tire_maintenance" title="Tire maintenance">Tire maintenance</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tire rotation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_pump" title="Bicycle pump">Bicycle pump</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Tire_Inflation_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Tire Inflation System">Central Tire Inflation System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire_mousse" title="Tire mousse">Tire mousse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire-pressure_monitoring_system" title="Tire-pressure monitoring system">Tire-pressure monitoring system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire-pressure_gauge" title="Tire-pressure gauge">Tire-pressure gauge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Direct_TPMS" title="Direct TPMS">Direct TPMS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bead_breaker" title="Bead breaker">Bead breaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire_changer" title="Tire changer">Tire changer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire_iron" title="Tire iron">Tire iron</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_tires#Life_cycle" title="Outline of tires">Life cycle</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tire_manufacturing" title="Tire manufacturing">Tire manufacturing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tire_companies" title="List of tire companies">List of tire companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Retread" title="Retread">Retread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_tires" class="mw-redirect" title="Waste tires">Waste tires</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire_recycling" title="Tire recycling">Tire recycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire_fire" title="Tire fire">Tire fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blowout_(tire)" title="Blowout (tire)">Blowout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flat_tire" title="Flat tire">Flat tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ozone_cracking" title="Ozone cracking">Ozone cracking</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_tires#Organizations" title="Outline of tires">Organizations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Tyre_and_Rim_Technical_Organisation" title="European Tyre and Rim Technical Organisation">European Tyre and Rim Technical Organisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire_Society" title="Tire Society">Tire Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire_Science_and_Technology" title="Tire Science and Technology">Tire Science and Technology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_tires#Identification" title="Outline of tires">Identification</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tire_code" title="Tire code">Tire code</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plus_sizing" title="Plus sizing">Plus sizing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire_label" class="mw-redirect" title="Tire label">Tire label</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UTQG" class="mw-redirect" title="UTQG">Uniform Tire Quality Grading (UTQG)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, 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