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href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hurrikan_Carla" title="Hurrikan Carla – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Hurrikan Carla" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hurac%C3%A1n_Carla" title="Huracán Carla – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Huracán Carla" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%8F%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B1%E3%83%BC%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AB%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A9" title="ハリケーン・カーラ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ハリケーン・カーラ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li 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Click here for more information."><img alt="This is a good article. Click here for more information." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/19px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/29px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/39px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Category 4 Atlantic hurricane in 1961</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the Atlantic hurricane of 1961. For other storms of the same name, see <a href="/wiki/List_of_storms_named_Carla" title="List of storms named Carla">List of storms named Carla</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1160504542">.mw-parser-output .ib-weather-event .infobox-header>.nowrap{margin:0 8px}</style><table class="infobox ib-weather-event"><caption class="infobox-title">Hurricane Carla</caption> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Hurricane_Carla_Satellite.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Hurricane_Carla_Satellite.JPG/220px-Hurricane_Carla_Satellite.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="217" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Hurricane_Carla_Satellite.JPG/330px-Hurricane_Carla_Satellite.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Hurricane_Carla_Satellite.JPG/440px-Hurricane_Carla_Satellite.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1065" data-file-height="1052" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Satellite image of Hurricane Carla on September 10.</div></td></tr><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><tr style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddd;"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><span class="nowrap">Meteorological history</span></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formed</th><td class="infobox-data">September 3, 1961</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Extratropical_cyclone" title="Extratropical cyclone">Extratropical</a></th><td class="infobox-data">September 13, 1961</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Dissipated</th><td class="infobox-data">September 17, 1961</td></tr><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1160504542"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><tr style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #FF738A"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><span class="nowrap">Category 4 major hurricane</span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><i>1-minute sustained</i> (<a href="/wiki/Saffir%E2%80%93Simpson_scale" title="Saffir–Simpson scale">SSHWS</a>/<a href="/wiki/National_Weather_Service" title="National Weather Service">NWS</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Highest winds</th><td class="infobox-data">145 mph (230 km/h)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Lowest pressure</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap">927 <a href="/wiki/Bar_(unit)" title="Bar (unit)">mbar</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pascal_(unit)" title="Pascal (unit)">hPa</a>); 27.37 <a href="/wiki/Inch_of_mercury" title="Inch of mercury">inHg</a></span></td></tr><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><tr style="background-color: #00000022; color: inherit;"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Overall effects</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Fatalities</th><td class="infobox-data">43 direct</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Damage</th><td class="infobox-data">$326 million (1961 <a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">USD</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Areas affected</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Yucat%C3%A1n_Peninsula" title="Yucatán Peninsula">Yucatán Peninsula</a>, Texas, <a href="/wiki/Central_United_States" title="Central United States">Central United States</a>, <a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_region" title="Great Lakes region">Great Lakes region</a>, Canada, <a href="/wiki/Greenland" title="Greenland">Greenland</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ncics.org/ibtracs/index.php?name=v04r00-1961247N13283">IBTrACS</a><span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1559974#P4540" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></td></tr><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><hr />Part of the <b><a href="/wiki/1961_Atlantic_hurricane_season" title="1961 Atlantic hurricane season">1961 Atlantic hurricane season</a></b></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Hurricane Carla</b> was the most intense <a href="/wiki/Tropical_cyclone" title="Tropical cyclone">tropical cyclone</a> <a href="/wiki/Landfall" title="Landfall">landfall</a> in Texas in the 20th century.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The third named storm of the <a href="/wiki/1961_Atlantic_hurricane_season" title="1961 Atlantic hurricane season">1961 Atlantic hurricane season</a>, Carla developed from an area of <a href="/wiki/Squall" title="Squall">squally weather</a> in the southwestern <a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Sea" title="Caribbean Sea">Caribbean Sea</a> on September 3.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a tropical depression, it strengthened while heading northwest. The system was upgraded to a tropical storm on September 5 and reached hurricane intensity on September 6. On September 7, Carla entered the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Mexico" title="Gulf of Mexico">Gulf of Mexico</a>, passing northeast of the <a href="/wiki/Yucat%C3%A1n_Peninsula" title="Yucatán Peninsula">Yucatán Peninsula</a>. On the morning of September 11, Carla became a category 4 hurricane when winds reached 130 mph (282 km/h).<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Carla made landfall at 2 p.m. on September 11 near <a href="/wiki/Port_O%27Connor,_Texas" title="Port O'Connor, Texas">Port O'Connor, Texas</a> as a category 4 hurricane with a peak intensity of 145 mph (125 knots). Traveling inland, the storm was reduced to a tropical storm on September 12 and transitioned into an <a href="/wiki/Extratropical_cyclone" title="Extratropical cyclone">extratropical cyclone</a> on September 13, while centered over southern <a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a>. Carla's remnants reached the <a href="/wiki/Labrador_Sea" title="Labrador Sea">Labrador Sea</a>, Canada and dissipated on September 17, 1961. </p><p>While crossing the Yucatán Channel, the <a href="/wiki/Rainband" title="Rainband">outer bands</a> of Carla brought high winds and local <a href="/wiki/Flooding" class="mw-redirect" title="Flooding">flooding</a> in western <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a> and the Yucatán Peninsula. In Texas, wind gusts as high as 170 mph (270 km/h) were observed in <a href="/wiki/Port_Lavaca,_Texas" title="Port Lavaca, Texas">Port Lavaca</a>. <a href="/wiki/Tornado" title="Tornado">Tornadoes</a> spawned in the state, including an F4 tornado near <a href="/wiki/Galveston,_Texas" title="Galveston, Texas">Galveston, Texas</a>, resulting in 60 buildings destroyed, eight deaths and 200 injuries. </p><p>Throughout the state, Carla destroyed 1,915 homes, 568 farm buildings, and 415 other buildings. Additionally, 50,723 homes, 5,620 farm buildings, and 10,487 other buildings suffered damage. There were 34 fatalities and at least $300 million in losses in Texas. Several tornadoes also touched down in <a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a>, causing the destruction of 140 homes and 11 farms and other buildings, and major damage to 231 additional homes and 11 farm and other buildings. Minor to moderate damage was also reported to 748 homes and 75 farms and other buildings. Six deaths and $25 million in losses in Louisiana were attributed to Carla. Heavy rainfall occurred in several other states, especially in Kansas, where flash flooding severely damaged crops and drowned five people. Overall, Carla resulted in $325.74 million in losses and 43 fatalities. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Meteorological_history">Meteorological history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hurricane_Carla&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Meteorological history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Carla_1961_track.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Carla_1961_track.png/275px-Carla_1961_track.png" decoding="async" width="275" height="275" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Carla_1961_track.png/413px-Carla_1961_track.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Carla_1961_track.png/550px-Carla_1961_track.png 2x" data-file-width="2700" data-file-height="2700" /></a><figcaption>Map plotting the storm's track and intensity, according to the Saffir–Simpson scale<br /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="">Map key</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style=""><div style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; max-width: 51em; width: 100%"> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b><a href="/wiki/Saffir%E2%80%93Simpson_scale" title="Saffir–Simpson scale">Saffir–Simpson scale</a></b></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 25em;"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#6EC1EA; color:black;"> </span> Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)<br /> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#4DFFFF; color:black;"> </span> Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)<br /> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FFFFCC; color:black;"> </span> Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)<br /> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FFE775; color:black;"> </span> Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)<br /> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FFC140; color:black;"> </span> Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)<br /> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FF8F20; color:black;"> </span> Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)<br /> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FF6060; color:black;"> </span> Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)<br /> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; color:black;"> </span> Unknown </div> </div> <div style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; max-width: 20em; width: 100%;"> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b>Storm type</b></div> <div style="margin-bottom: 4px;"><span class="skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="circle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/18px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/27px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/36px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Tropical_cyclone" title="Tropical cyclone">Tropical cyclone</a></div> <div style="margin-bottom: 4px;"><span class="skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="square" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Solid_black.svg/18px-Solid_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Solid_black.svg/27px-Solid_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Solid_black.svg/36px-Solid_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Subtropical_cyclone" title="Subtropical cyclone">Subtropical cyclone</a></div> <div><span class="skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="triangle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/ArrowUp.svg/18px-ArrowUp.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/ArrowUp.svg/27px-ArrowUp.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/ArrowUp.svg/36px-ArrowUp.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Extratropical_cyclone" title="Extratropical cyclone">Extratropical cyclone</a>, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression</div> </div></div></div></figcaption></figure> <p>As early as September 1, a tropical disturbance – an area of <a href="/wiki/Atmospheric_convection" title="Atmospheric convection">convective activity</a> – was observed tracking westward across the <a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Sea" title="Caribbean Sea">Caribbean Sea</a> within the <a href="/wiki/Intertropical_Convergence_Zone" title="Intertropical Convergence Zone">Intertropical Convergence Zone</a> (ITCZ). Around that time, an <a href="/wiki/Anticyclone" title="Anticyclone">anticyclone</a> was situated over the western Caribbean Sea at the <a href="/wiki/Troposphere" title="Troposphere">upper-tropospheric levels</a>. <a href="/wiki/Surface_weather_analysis" title="Surface weather analysis">Surface charts</a> indicate that a low-level circulation was developing early on September 3.<sup id="cite_ref-new12_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-new12-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thus, it is estimated that a tropical depression – a tropical cyclone with <a href="/wiki/Maximum_sustained_wind" title="Maximum sustained wind">sustained winds</a> with winds of less than 39 <a href="/wiki/Miles_per_hour" title="Miles per hour">mph</a> (63 <a href="/wiki/Kilometres_per_hour" title="Kilometres per hour">km/h</a>) – developed about 175 miles (282 km) northwest of <a href="/wiki/Barranquilla" title="Barranquilla">Barranquilla</a>, <a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia</a> at 1200 UTC.<sup id="cite_ref-HURDAT_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HURDAT-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Initially, the center of circulation remained difficult to locate on surface charts due to lack of data. At <a href="/wiki/San_Andr%C3%A9s_(island)" title="San Andrés (island)">San Andrés</a>, winds shifted west at about 12 mph (19 km/h), while <a href="/wiki/Barometric_pressure" class="mw-redirect" title="Barometric pressure">barometric pressures</a> dropped to 1,007 <a href="/wiki/Bar_(unit)" title="Bar (unit)">mbar</a> (29.7 <a href="/wiki/Inch_of_mercury" title="Inch of mercury">inHg</a>). The <a href="/wiki/National_Weather_Service" title="National Weather Service">Weather Bureau</a> Office in <a href="/wiki/Miami,_Florida" class="mw-redirect" title="Miami, Florida">Miami, Florida</a> issued its first bulletin at 1600 UTC on September 4, while the depression was centered about 250 miles (400 km) east-southeast of <a href="/wiki/Cabo_Gracias_a_Dios" title="Cabo Gracias a Dios">Cabo Gracias a Dios</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nicaragua" title="Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-new12_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-new12-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It is estimated that sustained winds reached 45 mph (72 km/h) at 1200 UTC on September 5,<sup id="cite_ref-new13_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-new13-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> thus the depression strengthened into a tropical storm and was named <i>Carla</i>, while located just northeast of Cabo Gracias a Dios.<sup id="cite_ref-HURDAT_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HURDAT-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A reconnaissance aircraft flight reported that Carla was continuing to intensify, with surface winds of 50 mph (80 km/h). Radars reported an unusually large tropical cyclone, with convective bands extending about 520 miles (840 km) outward from the center. Around 0000 UTC on September 6, Carla passed near <a href="/wiki/Swan_Islands,_Honduras" title="Swan Islands, Honduras">Swan Island</a>, which reported a barometric pressure of about 995 mbar (29.4 inHg) and wind gusts of 60 mph (97 km/h) from the southwest.<sup id="cite_ref-new13_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-new13-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Based on observations obtained by a reconnaissance aircraft at 1100 UTC on September 6 – namely a barometric pressure of 982 mbar (29.0 inHg) – a bulletin issued by the Weather Bureau an hour later indicated that the storm had "probably reached hurricane intensity".<sup id="cite_ref-new14_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-new14-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to post-season analysis, Carla reached hurricane status at that time.<sup id="cite_ref-HURDAT_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HURDAT-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hurricane_carla_radar.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Hurricane_carla_radar.jpg/220px-Hurricane_carla_radar.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Hurricane_carla_radar.jpg/330px-Hurricane_carla_radar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Hurricane_carla_radar.jpg/440px-Hurricane_carla_radar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1016" data-file-height="1016" /></a><figcaption>Radar image of Carla from WSR-57 in Galveston, Texas</figcaption></figure> <p>Shortly after becoming a hurricane on September 6, Carla curved northward in the northwestern Caribbean Sea. At 1200 UTC on September 7, the storm intensified into a Category 2 hurricane while located east-northeast of <a href="/wiki/Cozumel" title="Cozumel">Cozumel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quintana_Roo" title="Quintana Roo">Quintana Roo</a>, Mexico (actual use of the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale, which was developed in 1971, was not in effect). Shortly thereafter, Carla crossed the Yucatán Channel and entered the Gulf of Mexico. A strong <a href="/wiki/High-pressure_area" title="High-pressure area">high-pressure area</a> forced Carla to resume its original northwesterly course. Early on September 8, the storm strengthened into a Category 3 hurricane while located just north of the Yucatán Peninsula. Thus, Carla was the third major hurricane of the season. Carla was upgraded to a Category 4 hurricane early on September 10, while approaching the Gulf Coast of the United States. Operationally, at 0000 UTC on September 11, Carla strengthened into a Category 5 hurricane while located in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico. Six hours later, the storm reached its maximum sustained wind speed of 175 mph (282 km/h).<sup id="cite_ref-HURDAT_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HURDAT-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, a 2018 reanalysis concluded that Carla did not reach Category 5 intensity, and in fact only had maximum sustained winds of 145 mph (233 km/h), and this has been officially incorporated into <a href="/wiki/HURDAT" title="HURDAT">HURDAT</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Late on September 11, Carla reached its minimum barometric pressure of 931 mbar (27.5 inHg). Later that day, the storm struck <a href="/wiki/Matagorda_Island" title="Matagorda Island">Matagorda Island</a>, Texas (seven miles south of <a href="/wiki/Port_O%27Connor,_Texas" title="Port O'Connor, Texas">Port O'Connor</a>) with winds of 145 mph (233 km/h). Carla rapidly weakened inland, and degenerated to a Category 2 hurricane on September 12, while passing just east of Port Lavaca. Six hours later, the storm was downgraded to a Category 1 hurricane near <a href="/wiki/Shiner,_Texas" title="Shiner, Texas">Shiner</a>, shortly before being downgraded to a tropical storm between <a href="/wiki/Taylor,_Texas" title="Taylor, Texas">Taylor</a> and <a href="/wiki/Coupland,_Texas" title="Coupland, Texas">Coupland</a>. Beginning late on September 12, the storm curved just east of due north. After reaching <a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a> early on September 13, Carla transitioned into an extratropical cyclone while located over rural <a href="/wiki/Johnston_County,_Oklahoma" title="Johnston County, Oklahoma">Johnston County</a>. The extratropical remnants of Carla moved rapidly northeastward and brought heavy rainfall to some areas of the <a href="/wiki/Great_Plains" title="Great Plains">Great Plains</a> and <a href="/wiki/Midwestern_United_States" title="Midwestern United States">Midwestern United States</a>. By September 14, it entered Canada near <a href="/wiki/Sault_Ste._Marie,_Ontario" title="Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario">Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario</a>. It then continued swiftly northeastward across <a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quebec" title="Quebec">Quebec</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Labrador" title="Labrador">Labrador</a>, before the remnants dissipated over the <a href="/wiki/Labrador_Sea" title="Labrador Sea">Labrador Sea</a> on September 17.<sup id="cite_ref-HURDAT_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HURDAT-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Preparations">Preparations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hurricane_Carla&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Preparations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Occurring a year after <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Donna" title="Hurricane Donna">Hurricane Donna</a>, officials in the <a href="/wiki/Florida_Keys" title="Florida Keys">Florida Keys</a> took precautions to brace for potential impact from the storm. The <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">United States Navy</a> flew their planes out of <a href="/wiki/Key_West" title="Key West">Key West</a>, while <a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard" title="United States Coast Guard">Coast Guardsmen</a> evacuated <a href="/wiki/Alligator_Reef_Light" title="Alligator Reef Light">Alligator Reef Light</a>, <a href="/wiki/American_Shoal_Light" title="American Shoal Light">American Shoal Light</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sombrero_Key_Light" title="Sombrero Key Light">Sombrero Key Light</a>. Ships docked at Key West sailed out to sea to ride out the squalls. On the morning of September 7, a <a href="/wiki/Tropical_cyclone_warnings_and_watches" title="Tropical cyclone warnings and watches">hurricane watch</a> was issued from the entire coast of Louisiana eastward to <a href="/wiki/Apalachicola,_Florida" title="Apalachicola, Florida">Apalachicola, Florida</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On September 8, a hurricane watch was issued along the southwest coast of the state from <a href="/wiki/Vermilion_Bay_(Louisiana)" title="Vermilion Bay (Louisiana)">Vermilion Bay</a> westward.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was later extended westward to include the entire coast of Texas, and eastward to Apalachicola, Florida.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A portion of the hurricane watch from <a href="/wiki/Aransas_Pass,_Texas" title="Aransas Pass, Texas">Aransas Pass, Texas</a> to <a href="/wiki/Grand_Isle,_Louisiana" title="Grand Isle, Louisiana">Grand Isle, Louisiana</a> was upgraded to a hurricane warning at 1600 UTC on September 9.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An estimated 500,000 people fled the coasts of Texas and Louisiana, making it the largest evacuation in the history of the United States, at the time.<sup id="cite_ref-new03_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-new03-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Further, at least half of those people were from Texas. In small towns along the coast of Texas, 90–100% of their populations evacuated, while 20% of people left the larger cities. Many in <a href="/wiki/Galveston,_Texas" title="Galveston, Texas">Galveston</a> stayed due to protection from the <a href="/wiki/Galveston_Seawall" title="Galveston Seawall">Galveston Seawall</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-pshaus1_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pshaus1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Impact">Impact</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hurricane_Carla&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Impact"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Carla spawned 21 tornadoes, the largest hurricane-related tornado outbreak on record at the time.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, it was overwhelmingly surpassed by <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Beulah" title="Hurricane Beulah">Hurricane Beulah</a> in <a href="/wiki/1967_Atlantic_hurricane_season" title="1967 Atlantic hurricane season">1967</a>, which spawned at least 120 tornadoes.<sup id="cite_ref-beulah_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-beulah-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Throughout its path, 43 fatalities and about $325.74 million in damage were attributed to Carla. Most of the impact occurred in Texas, where the storm made landfall as a large and strong Category 4 hurricane.<sup id="cite_ref-stormdata961_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stormdata961-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-stormdata1261_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stormdata1261-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-tcr2_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tcr2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_States">United States</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hurricane_Carla&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: United States"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Carla_tornado_outbreak" title="Hurricane Carla tornado outbreak">Hurricane Carla tornado outbreak</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Texas">Texas</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hurricane_Carla&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Texas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Carlaportoconnor.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Carlaportoconnor.jpg/220px-Carlaportoconnor.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Carlaportoconnor.jpg/330px-Carlaportoconnor.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Carlaportoconnor.jpg/440px-Carlaportoconnor.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>A house destroyed by Hurricane Carla in <a href="/wiki/Port_O%27Connor,_Texas" title="Port O'Connor, Texas">Port O'Connor, Texas</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Abnormally high tides and <a href="/wiki/Storm_surge" title="Storm surge">storm surge</a> was reported along the coast of Texas, reaching at least 10 feet (3.0 m) above mean sea level at many coastal areas between <a href="/wiki/Sabine_Pass" title="Sabine Pass">Sabine Pass</a> and <a href="/wiki/Port_Aransas,_Texas" title="Port Aransas, Texas">Port Aransas</a>. The highest tide reported was 18.5 feet (5.6 m) at Port Lavaca, with large wave heights including 12.6 feet (3.8 m) in <a href="/wiki/Matagorda,_Texas" title="Matagorda, Texas">Matagorda</a>, 10.9 feet (3.3 m) in Port Aransas, 10.8 feet (3.3 m) in <a href="/wiki/Freeport,_Texas" title="Freeport, Texas">Freeport</a>, 10.1 feet (3.1 m) in <a href="/wiki/Texas_City,_Texas" title="Texas City, Texas">Texas City</a>, and 10 feet (3.0 m) in Galveston and <a href="/wiki/Sabine_Pass,_Port_Arthur,_Texas" title="Sabine Pass, Port Arthur, Texas">Sabine</a>. Because the storm was a Category 4 hurricane at landfall, Carla produced strong winds, especially near its path. The strongest sustained winds include 115 mph (185 km/h) in Matagorda, 110 mph (180 km/h) in Victoria, and 88 mph (142 km/h). Additionally, the highest wind gust observations include 175 mph (282 km/h) in Port Lavaca, 160 mph (260 km/h) in Matagorda, and 150 mph (240 km/h) in Aransas Pass, <a href="/wiki/Austwell,_Texas" title="Austwell, Texas">Austwell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edna,_Texas" title="Edna, Texas">Edna</a>, Port Aransas, and Victoria. Carla produced heavy rainfall in Texas, peaking at 17.48 inches (444 mm) in <a href="/wiki/Bay_City,_Texas" title="Bay City, Texas">Bay City</a>. Other significant precipitation totals include 16.49 inches (419 mm) at <a href="/wiki/Scholes_International_Airport_at_Galveston" title="Scholes International Airport at Galveston">Scholes International Airport at Galveston</a>, 14.94 inches (379 mm) in Downtown Galveston, 13.05 inches (331 mm) in <a href="/wiki/Wharton,_Texas" title="Wharton, Texas">Wharton</a>, 12.55 inches (319 mm) in <a href="/wiki/Liberty,_Texas" title="Liberty, Texas">Liberty</a>, 12.47 inches (317 mm) in <a href="/wiki/Dickinson,_Texas" title="Dickinson, Texas">Dickinson</a>, 11.81 inches (300 mm) in Flatonia, 10.59 inches (269 mm) in <a href="/wiki/Columbus,_Texas" title="Columbus, Texas">Columbus</a>, 8.75 inches (222 mm) in <a href="/wiki/Hallettsville,_Texas" title="Hallettsville, Texas">Hallettsville</a>, and 8.9 inches (230 mm) in <a href="/wiki/Smithville,_Texas" title="Smithville, Texas">Smithville</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-pshaus1_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pshaus1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Carlaflooding.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Carlaflooding.jpg/220px-Carlaflooding.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Carlaflooding.jpg/330px-Carlaflooding.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Carlaflooding.jpg/440px-Carlaflooding.jpg 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="640" /></a><figcaption>Tidal flooding caused by Hurricane Carla</figcaption></figure> <p>The most significant property damage occurred between <a href="/wiki/Port_Arthur,_Texas" title="Port Arthur, Texas">Port Arthur</a> and <a href="/wiki/Corpus_Christi,_Texas" title="Corpus Christi, Texas">Corpus Christi</a>. Port O'Connor, lying nearest to the location of Carla's landfall, was virtually destroyed. In <a href="/wiki/Columbus,_Texas" title="Columbus, Texas">Columbus</a>, the "Ranch Drive-In" theater is destroyed by the storm and was never reopened after 6 years of operation. In <a href="/wiki/Victoria,_Texas" title="Victoria, Texas">Victoria</a>, the highest sustained wind speed was 110 mph (180 km/h), while gusts reached 150 mph (240 km/h). About 4,260 homes were damaged, with around 500 severely damaged or destroyed. 43 businesses and 26 public buildings were also significantly impacted. Damage in the city of Victoria reached $10 million.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Of the 21 tornadoes spawned by Carla, eight of them in Texas caused significant impact. On September 11, an F2 tornado near <a href="/wiki/Bay_City,_Texas" title="Bay City, Texas">Bay City</a> destroyed two radio towers and damaged several buildings. An F3 tornado injured three people and caused the destruction of one house and impacted three others in <a href="/wiki/Jacksonville,_Texas" title="Jacksonville, Texas">Jacksonville</a>, resulting in $25,000 in damage. Another F3 tornado in <a href="/wiki/Channelview,_Texas" title="Channelview, Texas">Channelview</a>, located east of <a href="/wiki/Houston" title="Houston">Houston</a>, injured 22 people, destroyed 18 homes and six commercial buildings, damaged 40 additional homes, and caused $200,000 in damage. In the early morning hours of September 12, a violent F4 tornado moved across <a href="/wiki/Galveston_Island" title="Galveston Island">Galveston Island</a> along a 1-mile long, 100-yard-wide path (it crossed into Galveston Bay as well), severely damaging 200 buildings, of which 60-75 were destroyed,<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and causing eight deaths and 200 injuries. This was the first of only two known violent tornadoes ever spawned by a hurricane with the other one happening during <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Hilda" title="Hurricane Hilda">Hurricane Hilda in 1964</a>. A few hours later, an F3 tornado in the area destroyed six houses and extensive, but lesser, damage. In <a href="/wiki/Hardin,_Texas" title="Hardin, Texas">Hardin</a>, another F3 tornado damaged six homes. Several structures sustained impact during yet another F3 tornado in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fulbright,_Texas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fulbright, Texas (page does not exist)">Fulbright</a>. The final tornado occurred during the late afternoon hours of September 13 in <a href="/wiki/Latex,_Texas" title="Latex, Texas">Latex</a>. It caused F2 damage, two injuries, and resulted in $2,500 in losses after damaging two houses and three garages.<sup id="cite_ref-StormData_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StormData-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Galvestonstormmarkers.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Galvestonstormmarkers.jpg/220px-Galvestonstormmarkers.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Galvestonstormmarkers.jpg/330px-Galvestonstormmarkers.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Galvestonstormmarkers.jpg/440px-Galvestonstormmarkers.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption>Sign showing the highest water level of Hurricane Carla in <a href="/wiki/Galveston" class="mw-redirect" title="Galveston">Galveston</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Then little-known newsman <a href="/wiki/Dan_Rather" title="Dan Rather">Dan Rather</a> reported live from the weather bureau building in Galveston<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> during the storm, live on-site storm coverage that would be imitated by later reporters. This marked the first live television broadcast of a hurricane. Rather also alerted the public of the size of Carla in a way that "literally changed the way the world sees hurricanes", according to a fellow reporter. Broadcasting live at the Weather Bureau Office in Galveston, Rather asked a meteorologist to outline the Gulf of Mexico on a transparent sheet of plastic. He then held the map over the black and white radar screen, which put the size of Carla into perspective, saying that Carla was the size of the Gulf of Mexico. <a href="/wiki/CBS" title="CBS">CBS</a> was so impressed with Rather's work that he was offered the position of correspondent.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Throughout Texas, Carla destroyed 1,915 homes, 568 farm buildings, and 415 other buildings. Additionally, 50,723 homes, 5,620 farm buildings, and 10,487 other buildings suffered damage. There were 460 injuries according to the <a href="/wiki/American_Red_Cross" title="American Red Cross">American Red Cross</a>, though the <a href="/wiki/Monthly_Weather_Review" title="Monthly Weather Review">Monthly Weather Review</a> listed a slightly higher number, 465. The storm caused 34 fatalities in Texas. Causes of death include 20 people drowning, eight from tornadoes, four electrocutions, and one heart attack.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Overall, damage in the state was "conservatively" estimated at $300 million.<sup id="cite_ref-stormdata961_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stormdata961-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A breakdown of damage indicates $200 million incurred to property and $100 million to crops, mostly from unharvested rice and lesser impact to cotton and citrus.<sup id="cite_ref-stormdata961_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stormdata961-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Louisiana">Louisiana</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hurricane_Carla&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Louisiana"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In southeastern Louisiana, abnormally high tides lashed the coast, though no <a href="/wiki/Coastal_erosion" title="Coastal erosion">beach erosion</a> was reported. Rainfall was heavy, peaking at 13.9 inches (350 mm) in <a href="/wiki/Many,_Louisiana" title="Many, Louisiana">Many</a>. Other observed precipitation totals include 5.6 inches (140 mm) in <a href="/wiki/Baton_Rouge,_Louisiana" title="Baton Rouge, Louisiana">Baton Rouge</a>, 5.57 inches (141 mm) in <a href="/wiki/Morgan_City,_Louisiana" title="Morgan City, Louisiana">Morgan City</a>, 4.25 inches (108 mm) in <a href="/wiki/Shreveport,_Louisiana" title="Shreveport, Louisiana">Shreveport</a>, 3.16 inches (80 mm) in <a href="/wiki/New_Orleans,_Louisiana" class="mw-redirect" title="New Orleans, Louisiana">New Orleans</a>, 2.25 inches (57 mm) in <a href="/wiki/Lafayette,_Louisiana" title="Lafayette, Louisiana">Lafayette</a>, 2.19 inches (56 mm) in <a href="/wiki/Alexandria,_Louisiana" title="Alexandria, Louisiana">Alexandria</a>, 2.1 inches (53 mm) in <a href="/wiki/Jonesboro,_Louisiana" title="Jonesboro, Louisiana">Jonesboro</a> and <a href="/wiki/West_Monroe,_Louisiana" title="West Monroe, Louisiana">West Monroe</a>, and 1.37 inches (35 mm) in <a href="/wiki/Lake_Charles,_Louisiana" title="Lake Charles, Louisiana">Lake Charles</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-pshnew_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pshnew-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the western portions of Louisiana, sustained winds peaked at 44 mph (71 km/h) and gusts reached 55 mph (89 km/h). Only minor damage occurred, limited to roofs, glass, and downed tree limbs. Winds caused a local river to reach 1 foot (0.30 m) above <a href="/wiki/Flood_stage" title="Flood stage">flood stage</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 11 tornadoes spawned by Carla in Louisiana destroyed 140 homes and 11 farm and other buildings, while causing major damage to 231 additional homes and 11 farm and other buildings. Additionally, 748 homes and 75 farm and other buildings suffered minor to moderate damage. Six fatalities and 199 injuries occurred, mostly related to the tornadoes. Damage in Louisiana totaled to about $25 million. A breakdown of losses include $6 million to agriculture, $5 million to buildings, $4 million to boats and beach property, $3 million to roads and bridges, $5 million to <a href="/wiki/Oil_platform" title="Oil platform">oil platforms</a> just offshore, and $2 million in miscellaneous damage.<sup id="cite_ref-tcr2_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tcr2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hurricane_Carla&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Oklahoma"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Carla_1961_rainfall.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Carla_1961_rainfall.png/250px-Carla_1961_rainfall.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="263" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Carla_1961_rainfall.png/375px-Carla_1961_rainfall.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Carla_1961_rainfall.png/500px-Carla_1961_rainfall.png 2x" data-file-width="871" data-file-height="916" /></a><figcaption>Rainfall from Carla in the United States</figcaption></figure> <p>Carla and its remnants brought heavy rainfall and strong winds to portions of Oklahoma. About 2–8 inches (51–203 mm) of rain fell in <a href="/wiki/Grant_County,_Oklahoma" title="Grant County, Oklahoma">Grant</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tillman_County,_Oklahoma" title="Tillman County, Oklahoma">Tillman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Washita_County,_Oklahoma" title="Washita County, Oklahoma">Washita Counties</a>. Heavier amounts of at least 5 inches (130 mm) fell in <a href="/wiki/Atoka_County,_Oklahoma" title="Atoka County, Oklahoma">Atoka</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pushmataha_County,_Oklahoma" title="Pushmataha County, Oklahoma">Pushmataha County</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-stormdata1261_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stormdata1261-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Precipitation in the state peaked at 7.68 inches (195 mm) in <a href="/wiki/Kingfisher,_Oklahoma" title="Kingfisher, Oklahoma">Kingfisher</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-tcmidwest_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tcmidwest-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> More than 140 city blocks were flooded with up to 6 feet (1.8 m) in residential areas of Kingfisher and up to 3 feet (0.91 m) in business areas. 225 homes and buildings in the city suffered water damage. Throughout the state, damage in other areas included 90 homes and buildings in <a href="/wiki/Tulsa,_Oklahoma" title="Tulsa, Oklahoma">Tulsa</a>, 50 homes each in El Reno and <a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_City" title="Oklahoma City">Oklahoma City</a>, and 10 homes in <a href="/wiki/Pawnee,_Oklahoma" title="Pawnee, Oklahoma">Pawnee</a>. Additionally, water inundation washed out several bridges and highways in northeastern parts of the state, leaving roads impassable. Sustained winds between 30 and 55 mph (48 and 89 km/h) and gusts up to 70 mph (110 km/h) were recorded in Oklahoma. Winds injured two people due to airborne debris. Winds and rain combined severely disrupted electrical and telephone services and caused $670,000 in damage, with $600,000 to property and $70,000 to crops.<sup id="cite_ref-stormdata1261_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stormdata1261-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Illinois">Illinois</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hurricane_Carla&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Illinois"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The storm dropped precipitation amounts of 7 inches (180 mm) throughout northwestern <a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a>, with a peak of 8.18 inches (208 mm) in <a href="/wiki/Mount_Carroll,_Illinois" title="Mount Carroll, Illinois">Mount Carroll</a>. Thus, Carla is the <a href="/wiki/List_of_wettest_tropical_cyclones_in_the_United_States#Illinois" class="mw-redirect" title="List of wettest tropical cyclones in the United States">second-wettest tropical cyclone in Illinois</a>, behind only <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Audrey" title="Hurricane Audrey">Hurricane Audrey</a> in <a href="/wiki/1957_Atlantic_hurricane_season" title="1957 Atlantic hurricane season">1957</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-tcmidwest_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tcmidwest-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Additionally, up to 6.29 inches (160 mm) fell in 24 hours. Severe local flooding occurred, especially in the northern portions of the state. Heavy property and agricultural damage occurred. Streets and basements were reported to have flooded, while bridge approaches and a few small bridges were washed out. Precipitation of 2.5–3.5 inches (64–89 mm) in <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a> flooded about 60 viaducts and 1,000 basements. After the <a href="/wiki/Chicago_River" title="Chicago River">Chicago River</a> rose 5 feet (1.5 m), the lock gate to <a href="/wiki/Lake_Michigan" title="Lake Michigan">Lake Michigan</a> was opened to release excess water. However, the abrupt onrush of water resulted in about $75,000 in damage to boats at <a href="/wiki/Wilmette,_Illinois" title="Wilmette, Illinois">Wilmette Harbor</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-stormdata961_16-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stormdata961-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-tcr2_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tcr2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Elsewhere_in_the_United_States">Elsewhere in the United States</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hurricane_Carla&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Elsewhere in the United States"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Winds in Key West reached 30 mph (48 km/h), while much of Florida reported rainfall from the outer bands of Carla.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Kansas, 4 to 7 inches (100 to 180 mm) of rain in only 6 hours caused flash flooding. With a peak amount of 8.52 inches (216 mm) in <a href="/wiki/Haddam,_Kansas" title="Haddam, Kansas">Haddam</a>, Carla was the rainiest tropical cyclone in Kansas, until being surpassed by <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Paine_(1986)" title="Hurricane Paine (1986)">Hurricane Paine</a> in <a href="/wiki/1986_Pacific_hurricane_season" title="1986 Pacific hurricane season">1986</a> as well as <a href="/wiki/Tropical_Storm_Frances_(1998)" title="Tropical Storm Frances (1998)">Tropical Storm Frances</a> in <a href="/wiki/1998_Atlantic_hurricane_season" title="1998 Atlantic hurricane season">1998</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-tcmidwest_28-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tcmidwest-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Severe crop damage occurred, especially in areas of <a href="/wiki/Chautauqua_County,_Kansas" title="Chautauqua County, Kansas">Chautauqua</a> and <a href="/wiki/Shawnee_County,_Kansas" title="Shawnee County, Kansas">Shawnee Counties</a> and to the south of the <a href="/wiki/Kansas_River" title="Kansas River">Kansas River</a>. Many highways were left impassable due to water inundation. A family of 4 drowned after their car was swept off a road near <a href="/wiki/Waverly,_Kansas" title="Waverly, Kansas">Waverly</a>. A fifth fatality occurred after a car with one occupant was swept into a tributary of the <a href="/wiki/Marmaton_River" title="Marmaton River">Marmaton River</a> near <a href="/wiki/Fort_Scott,_Kansas" title="Fort Scott, Kansas">Fort Scott</a>. The storm persistently produced winds of 35 to 50 mph (56 to 80 km/h), causing further agricultural damage.<sup id="cite_ref-stormdata961_16-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stormdata961-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Nebraska" title="Nebraska">Nebraska</a>, rainfall peaked at 5.68 inches (144 mm) in Hubbrell, making Carla the rainiest tropical cyclone in the state.<sup id="cite_ref-tcmidwest_28-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tcmidwest-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Heavy precipitation also fell in <a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a>, especially in <a href="/wiki/Brookfield,_Missouri" title="Brookfield, Missouri">Brookfield</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lee%27s_Summit,_Missouri" title="Lee's Summit, Missouri">Lee's Summit</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Pleasant_Hill,_Missouri" title="Pleasant Hill, Missouri">Pleasant Hill</a>. The maximum rainfall total in Missouri was 9.34 inches (237 mm) in <a href="/wiki/Concordia,_Missouri" title="Concordia, Missouri">Concordia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-tcmidwest_28-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tcmidwest-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One fatality was reported in Missouri, though the cause of death is unknown. Rainfall in <a href="/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa">Iowa</a> peaked at 9.03 inches (229 mm) near <a href="/wiki/Chariton,_Iowa" title="Chariton, Iowa">Chariton</a>, making Carla the rainiest tropical cyclone in the state.<sup id="cite_ref-tcmidwest_28-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tcmidwest-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Up to 8 inches (200 mm) of rain fell in a 12-hour period in the <a href="/wiki/Lower_Peninsula_of_Michigan" title="Lower Peninsula of Michigan">Lower Peninsula of Michigan</a>, mostly between <a href="/wiki/Cheboygan,_Michigan" title="Cheboygan, Michigan">Cheboygan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Grand_Rapids,_Michigan" title="Grand Rapids, Michigan">Grand Rapids</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-stormdata961_16-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stormdata961-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the <a href="/wiki/Weather_Prediction_Center" title="Weather Prediction Center">Weather Prediction Center</a> indicated precipitation amounts of 6.07 inches (154 mm) in <a href="/wiki/Boyne_Falls,_Michigan" title="Boyne Falls, Michigan">Boyne Falls</a>. Regardless, Carla is the 2nd wettest tropical cyclone in the history of Michigan, behind <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Beryl" title="Hurricane Beryl">Beryl</a> in 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-tcmidwest_28-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tcmidwest-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite, the rainfall, flooding in <a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a> was relatively minimal, limited to a washed out dam in <a href="/wiki/Traverse_City,_Michigan" title="Traverse City, Michigan">Traverse City</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-stormdata961_16-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stormdata961-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Precipitation in <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin" title="Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a> reached 7.58 inches (193 mm) in <a href="/wiki/Brodhead,_Wisconsin" title="Brodhead, Wisconsin">Brodhead</a>, causing Carla to rank as the wettest tropical cyclone in the state.<sup id="cite_ref-tcmidwest_28-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tcmidwest-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Precipitation peaks in other states include 4.44 inches (113 mm) in <a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a>, 5.48 inches (139 mm) in <a href="/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas">Arkansas</a>, 6.37 inches (162 mm) in <a href="/wiki/Mississippi" title="Mississippi">Mississippi</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-tcgulfcoast_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tcgulfcoast-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and 3.6 inches (91 mm) in <a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-tcmidwest_28-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tcmidwest-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Elsewhere">Elsewhere</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hurricane_Carla&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Elsewhere"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Cuba, broadcasts reported severe flooding near <a href="/wiki/Pinar_del_R%C3%ADo" title="Pinar del Río">Pinar del Río</a>, and in Los Colomas and Punta de Cartas. Offshore <a href="/wiki/Honduras" title="Honduras">Honduras</a> on Swan Island, a rainfall amount of 3.89 inches (99 mm) was reported along with wind gusts up to 60 mph (97 km/h). The remnants of Carla brought tropical storm force winds to some areas of Canada. In <a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a>, gusty winds caused power outages in the <a href="/wiki/Clarkson,_Mississauga" title="Clarkson, Mississauga">Clarkson</a>–<a href="/wiki/Port_Credit,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Port Credit, Ontario">Port Credit</a> area. Electrical services were are disrupted in <a href="/wiki/New_Brunswick" title="New Brunswick">New Brunswick</a>, due to winds up to 80 mph (130 km/h) in <a href="/wiki/Saint_John,_New_Brunswick" title="Saint John, New Brunswick">Saint John</a>. Winds of 57 mph (92 km/h) lashed <a href="/wiki/Halifax_Regional_Municipality" class="mw-redirect" title="Halifax Regional Municipality">Halifax</a> in <a href="/wiki/Nova_Scotia" title="Nova Scotia">Nova Scotia</a>, thus the <a href="/wiki/Halifax_Public_Gardens" title="Halifax Public Gardens">Halifax Public Gardens</a> closed for threat of falling trees and branches.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aftermath">Aftermath</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hurricane_Carla&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Aftermath"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_retired_Atlantic_hurricane_names" title="List of retired Atlantic hurricane names">List of retired Atlantic hurricane names</a></div> <p>Shortly after the storm, <a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President</a> <a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a>, a lifelong resident of Texas, toured the devastation in the state and met with officials from 18 <a href="/wiki/List_of_counties_in_Texas" title="List of counties in Texas">different counties</a>, remarking that "as always, Texans are arising to a challenge... We have suffered hurricane, tornado, and floods, but we in Texas are a bold and brave people."<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After his report to <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President</a> <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a> and <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">Congress</a>, $55 million was approved in aid for Texas, though Kennedy later requested an additional $65 million.<sup id="cite_ref-tmn_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tmn-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> President Kennedy issued a disaster declaration for Texas, allowing all jurisdictions in the state to apply for public assistance.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The president also declared 6 <a href="/wiki/List_of_parishes_in_Louisiana" title="List of parishes in Louisiana">parishes in Louisiana</a> a disaster area.<sup id="cite_ref-tmn_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tmn-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Helicopters deployed 88 <a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">United States Marines</a> to Galveston to patrol devastated areas. A <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">United States Navy</a> task force composed of medical and construction work teams was also sent to the area. Members of the <a href="/wiki/National_Guard_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="National Guard of the United States">United States National Guard</a> assisted refugees in returning to their homes and worked to prevent looting.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Owing to the hurricane's intensity and destruction, the name Carla was retired after his season, and will never again be used for an Atlantic hurricane.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The name was replaced with Carol for the <a href="/wiki/1965_Atlantic_hurricane_season" title="1965 Atlantic hurricane season">1965 season</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hurricane_Carla&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Cyclone_Catarina_from_the_ISS_on_March_26_2004.JPG/32px-Cyclone_Catarina_from_the_ISS_on_March_26_2004.JPG" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Cyclone_Catarina_from_the_ISS_on_March_26_2004.JPG/48px-Cyclone_Catarina_from_the_ISS_on_March_26_2004.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Cyclone_Catarina_from_the_ISS_on_March_26_2004.JPG/64px-Cyclone_Catarina_from_the_ISS_on_March_26_2004.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3032" data-file-height="2004" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Tropical_cyclones" title="Portal:Tropical cyclones">Tropical cyclones portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Category_4_Atlantic_hurricanes" title="List of Category 4 Atlantic hurricanes">List of Category 4 Atlantic hurricanes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Harvey" title="Hurricane Harvey">Hurricane Harvey</a> (2017) – A Category 4 hurricane that was the most powerful hurricane to hit Texas since Carla; tied for the costliest tropical cyclone ever recorded worldwide</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hurricane_Carla&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFUS_Department_of_Commerce" class="citation web cs1">US Department of Commerce, NOAA. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.weather.gov/crp/hurricanecarla">"Hurricane Carla - 50th Anniversary"</a>. <i>www.weather.gov</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 6,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.weather.gov&rft.atitle=Hurricane+Carla+-+50th+Anniversary&rft.aulast=US+Department+of+Commerce&rft.aufirst=NOAA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.weather.gov%2Fcrp%2Fhurricanecarla&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurricane+Carla" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUS_Department_of_Commerce" class="citation web cs1">US Department of Commerce, NOAA. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.weather.gov/lch/1961Carla">"Hurricane Carla 1961"</a>. <i>www.weather.gov</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-05-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.weather.gov&rft.atitle=Hurricane+Carla+1961&rft.aulast=US+Department+of+Commerce&rft.aufirst=NOAA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.weather.gov%2Flch%2F1961Carla&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurricane+Carla" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-new12-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-new12_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-new12_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFECH1961" class="citation report cs1">ECH (September 21, 1961). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1961/carla/preloc/new12.gif">Carla Preliminary Report</a> <span class="cs1-format">(GIF)</span>. <i>Weather Bureau</i> (Report). Silver Springs, Maryland: National Hurricane Center. p. 12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 11,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Carla+Preliminary+Report&rft.place=Silver+Springs%2C+Maryland&rft.pages=12&rft.pub=National+Hurricane+Center&rft.date=1961-09-21&rft.au=ECH&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nhc.noaa.gov%2Farchive%2Fstorm_wallets%2Fatlantic%2Fatl1961%2Fcarla%2Fpreloc%2Fnew12.gif&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurricane+Carla" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HURDAT-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HURDAT_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HURDAT_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HURDAT_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HURDAT_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HURDAT_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/hurdat/hurdat2-1851-2022-050423.txt">"Atlantic hurricane best track (HURDAT version 2)"</a> (Database). United States <a href="/wiki/National_Hurricane_Center" title="National Hurricane Center">National Hurricane Center</a>. April 5, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 22,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Atlantic+hurricane+best+track+%28HURDAT+version+2%29&rft.pub=United+States+National+Hurricane+Center&rft.date=2023-04-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nhc.noaa.gov%2Fdata%2Fhurdat%2Fhurdat2-1851-2022-050423.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurricane+Carla" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-new13-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-new13_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-new13_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFECH1961" class="citation report cs1">ECH (September 21, 1961). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1961/carla/preloc/new13.gif">Carla Preliminary Report</a> <span class="cs1-format">(GIF)</span>. <i>Weather Bureau</i> (Report). Silver Springs, Maryland: National Hurricane Center. p. 13<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 11,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Carla+Preliminary+Report&rft.place=Silver+Springs%2C+Maryland&rft.pages=13&rft.pub=National+Hurricane+Center&rft.date=1961-09-21&rft.au=ECH&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nhc.noaa.gov%2Farchive%2Fstorm_wallets%2Fatlantic%2Fatl1961%2Fcarla%2Fpreloc%2Fnew13.gif&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurricane+Carla" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-new14-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-new14_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFECH1961" class="citation report cs1">ECH (September 21, 1961). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1961/carla/preloc/new14.gif">Carla Preliminary Report</a> <span class="cs1-format">(GIF)</span>. <i>Weather Bureau</i> (Report). Silver Springs, Maryland: National Hurricane Center. p. 14<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 11,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Carla+Preliminary+Report&rft.place=Silver+Springs%2C+Maryland&rft.pages=14&rft.pub=National+Hurricane+Center&rft.date=1961-09-21&rft.au=ECH&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nhc.noaa.gov%2Farchive%2Fstorm_wallets%2Fatlantic%2Fatl1961%2Fcarla%2Fpreloc%2Fnew14.gif&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurricane+Carla" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ams.confex.com/ams/33HURRICANE/webprogram/Paper339830.html">"Reanalysis of the 1960-1970 Atlantic Hurricane Seasons"</a>. 16 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Reanalysis+of+the+1960-1970+Atlantic+Hurricane+Seasons&rft.date=2018-04-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fams.confex.com%2Fams%2F33HURRICANE%2Fwebprogram%2FPaper339830.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurricane+Carla" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#missing_periodical" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFConner1961" class="citation report cs1">Conner (September 7, 1961). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1961/carla/public/tcp0710z.gif">Hurricane Advisory Number 15 Carla</a> <span class="cs1-format">(GIF)</span>. <i>Weather Bureau Office New Orleans, Louisiana</i> (Report). National Hurricane Center<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 11,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Hurricane+Advisory+Number+15+Carla&rft.pub=National+Hurricane+Center&rft.date=1961-09-07&rft.au=Conner&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nhc.noaa.gov%2Farchive%2Fstorm_wallets%2Fatlantic%2Fatl1961%2Fcarla%2Fpublic%2Ftcp0710z.gif&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurricane+Carla" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1961/carla/local/lkc0817z.gif">Weather Bureau Office Statement</a> <span class="cs1-format">(GIF)</span>. <i>Weather Bureau Office Lake Charles, Louisiana</i> (Report). National Hurricane Center. September 8, 1961<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 11,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Weather+Bureau+Office+Statement&rft.pub=National+Hurricane+Center&rft.date=1961-09-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nhc.noaa.gov%2Farchive%2Fstorm_wallets%2Fatlantic%2Fatl1961%2Fcarla%2Flocal%2Flkc0817z.gif&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurricane+Carla" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1961/carla/public/tcp0816z.gif">"Hurricane Advisory Number 16 Carla"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(GIF)</span>. <i>Weather Bureau Office New Orleans, Louisiana</i>. National Hurricane Center. September 8, 1961<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 11,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Weather+Bureau+Office+New+Orleans%2C+Louisiana&rft.atitle=Hurricane+Advisory+Number+16+Carla&rft.date=1961-09-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nhc.noaa.gov%2Farchive%2Fstorm_wallets%2Fatlantic%2Fatl1961%2Fcarla%2Fpublic%2Ftcp0816z.gif&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurricane+Carla" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTaylor_and_Carson1961" class="citation report cs1">Taylor and Carson (September 9, 1961). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1961/carla/local/gls0916z.gif">Tide Statement Upper Texas Coast</a> <span class="cs1-format">(GIF)</span>. <i>Weather Bureau Office Galveston, Texas</i> (Report). National Hurricane Center<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 11,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Tide+Statement+Upper+Texas+Coast&rft.pub=National+Hurricane+Center&rft.date=1961-09-09&rft.au=Taylor+and+Carson&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nhc.noaa.gov%2Farchive%2Fstorm_wallets%2Fatlantic%2Fatl1961%2Fcarla%2Flocal%2Fgls0916z.gif&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurricane+Carla" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-new03-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-new03_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStephen_Lichtblau1961" class="citation report cs1">Stephen Lichtblau (September 15, 1961). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1961/carla/preloc/new03.gif">Preliminary Report of Hurricane Carla in the Gulf of Mexico: September 7–13, 1961</a> <span class="cs1-format">(GIF)</span>. <i>Weather Bureau</i> (Report). Silver Springs, Maryland: National Hurricane Center. p. 3<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 11,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Preliminary+Report+of+Hurricane+Carla+in+the+Gulf+of+Mexico%3A+September+7%E2%80%9313%2C+1961&rft.place=Silver+Springs%2C+Maryland&rft.pages=3&rft.pub=National+Hurricane+Center&rft.date=1961-09-15&rft.au=Stephen+Lichtblau&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nhc.noaa.gov%2Farchive%2Fstorm_wallets%2Fatlantic%2Fatl1961%2Fcarla%2Fpreloc%2Fnew03.gif&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurricane+Carla" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pshaus1-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pshaus1_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pshaus1_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobert_Orton1961" class="citation report cs1">Robert Orton (September 16, 1961). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1961/carla/preloc/pshaus1.gif">Hurricane Carla in Texas September 8 to 13th, 1961</a> <span class="cs1-format">(GIF)</span>. <i>Weather Bureau Office Galveston, Texas</i> (Report). National Hurricane Center. p. 1<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 11,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Hurricane+Carla+in+Texas+September+8+to+13th%2C+1961&rft.pages=1&rft.pub=National+Hurricane+Center&rft.date=1961-09-16&rft.au=Robert+Orton&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nhc.noaa.gov%2Farchive%2Fstorm_wallets%2Fatlantic%2Fatl1961%2Fcarla%2Fpreloc%2Fpshaus1.gif&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurricane+Carla" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tornadohistoryproject.com/custom/30206368">"Tornado History Project: Maps and Statistics"</a>. <i>Tornado History Project</i>. Storm Prediction Center<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 8,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Miami+News&rft.atitle=Hurricane+Whips+Cuba%3B+Winds+Batter+Key+West&rft.pages=72&rft.date=1961-09-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3D7WpVAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3D2z4NAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D4024%2C3263394%26dq%3Dhurricane%2Bcarla%2Bmexico%26hl%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurricane+Carla" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged February 2022">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tcgulfcoast-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-tcgulfcoast_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/tcgulfcoast.html">Tropical Cyclone Rainfall for the Gulf Coast</a> (Report). College Park, Maryland: Weather Prediction Center. 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 12,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Tropical+Cyclone+Rainfall+for+the+Gulf+Coast&rft.place=College+Park%2C+Maryland&rft.pub=Weather+Prediction+Center&rft.date=2012&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov%2Ftropical%2Frain%2Ftcgulfcoast.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurricane+Carla" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ec.gc.ca/hurricane/default.asp?lang=En&n=9D9BF402-1">1961-Carla</a> (Report). Fredericton, New Brunswick: <a href="/wiki/Environment_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Environment Canada">Environment Canada</a>. November 5, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 11,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=1961-Carla&rft.place=Fredericton%2C+New+Brunswick&rft.pub=Environment+Canada&rft.date=2009-11-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ec.gc.ca%2Fhurricane%2Fdefault.asp%3Flang%3DEn%26n%3D9D9BF402-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurricane+Carla" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=Gf9dAAAAIBAJ&sjid=xF8NAAAAIBAJ&pg=3834,649399&dq=hurricane+carla+recovery&hl=en">"Johnson Reports on Hurricane Damage"</a>. <i>The Bonham Daily Favorite</i>. Washington, D.C. <a href="/wiki/United_Press_International" title="United Press International">United Press International</a>. September 19, 1961. p. 1<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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September 21, 1961. p. 22<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 11,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Miami+News&rft.atitle=JFK+Asks+Hurricane+Aid+Money&rft.pages=22&rft.date=1961-09-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DFqUyAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3DJ-kFAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D1987%2C2676551%26hl%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurricane+Carla" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged February 2022">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fema.gov/disaster/118/designated-areas">Designated Counties: Texas Hurricane Carla</a> (Report). Washington, D.C.: <a href="/wiki/Federal_Emergency_Management_Agency" title="Federal Emergency Management Agency">Federal Emergency Management Agency</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 10,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Designated+Counties%3A+Texas+Hurricane+Carla&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pub=Federal+Emergency+Management+Agency&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fema.gov%2Fdisaster%2F118%2Fdesignated-areas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurricane+Carla" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=7z1QAAAAIBAJ&sjid=JlcDAAAAIBAJ&pg=7337,2122853&hl=en">"Rescue Teams Move In To Clean Storm Area"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Evening_Independent" title="Evening Independent">Evening Independent</a></i>. Galveston, Texas. Associated Press. September 17, 1961. p. 2<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 11,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Evening+Independent&rft.atitle=Rescue+Teams+Move+In+To+Clean+Storm+Area&rft.pages=2&rft.date=1961-09-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3D7z1QAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3DJlcDAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D7337%2C2122853%26hl%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurricane+Carla" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/aboutnames_history.shtml">"Tropical Cyclone Naming History and Retired Names"</a>. Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tropical+Cyclone+Naming+History+and+Retired+Names&rft.place=Miami%2C+Florida&rft.pub=National+Hurricane+Center&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nhc.noaa.gov%2Faboutnames_history.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurricane+Carla" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=cjBAAAAAIBAJ&sjid=ClkMAAAAIBAJ&pg=771,2204280&dq=hurricane+anna+betsy+carol&hl=en">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"Anna" Will Be First Hurricane"</a>. <i>Youngstown Vindicator</i>. Associated Press. May 23, 1965. p. 2<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 20,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Youngstown+Vindicator&rft.atitle=%22Anna%22+Will+Be+First+Hurricane&rft.pages=2&rft.date=1965-05-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DcjBAAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3DClkMAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D771%2C2204280%26dq%3Dhurricane%2Banna%2Bbetsy%2Bcarol%26hl%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurricane+Carla" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hurricane_Carla&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://docs.lib.noaa.gov/noaa_documents/video/NOAA_16mm/QC9452C37H881961.mov">Hurricane Carla radar loop</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/tcfaq/E12.html">NOAA hurricane lists</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.srh.noaa.gov/crp/?n=hurricanecarla">NOAA Carla page</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1850s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1853_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Three" title="1853 Atlantic hurricane season">Three</a> (1853)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1856_Last_Island_hurricane" title="1856 Last Island hurricane">"Last Island"</a> (1856)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1860s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1866_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Six" title="1866 Atlantic hurricane season">"Great Nassau"</a> (1866)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1870s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1878_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Seven" title="1878 Atlantic hurricane season">Seven</a> (1878)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1880s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1880_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Two" title="1880 Atlantic hurricane season">Two</a> (1880)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1880_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Eight" title="1880 Atlantic hurricane season">Eight</a> (1880)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1882_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Six" title="1882 Atlantic hurricane season">"Cuba"</a> (1882)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1886_Indianola_hurricane" title="1886 Indianola hurricane">"Indianola"</a> (1886)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1890s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1893_Cheniere_Caminada_hurricane" title="1893 Cheniere Caminada hurricane">"Chenière Caminada"</a> (1893)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1894_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Six" title="1894 Atlantic hurricane season">Six</a> (1894)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1898_Georgia_hurricane" title="1898 Georgia hurricane">"Georgia"</a> (1898)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1899_San_Ciriaco_hurricane" title="1899 San Ciriaco hurricane">"San Ciriaco"</a> (1899)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1900s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1900_Galveston_hurricane" title="1900 Galveston hurricane">"Galveston"</a> (1900)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1906_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Four" title="1906 Atlantic hurricane season">Four</a> (1906)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1910s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1910_Cuba_hurricane" title="1910 Cuba hurricane">"Cuba"</a> (1910)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1915_Galveston_hurricane" title="1915 Galveston hurricane">"Galveston"</a> (1915)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1915_New_Orleans_hurricane" title="1915 New Orleans hurricane">"New Orleans"</a> (1915)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1916_Texas_hurricane" title="1916 Texas hurricane">"Texas"</a> (1916)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1917_Nueva_Gerona_hurricane" title="1917 Nueva Gerona hurricane">"Nueva Gerona"</a> (1917)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1919_Florida_Keys_hurricane" title="1919 Florida Keys hurricane">"Florida Keys"</a> (1919)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1920s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1921_Tampa_Bay_hurricane" title="1921 Tampa Bay hurricane">"Tampa Bay"</a> (1921)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1926_Nassau_hurricane" title="1926 Nassau hurricane">"Nassau"</a> (1926)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1926_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Four" title="1926 Atlantic hurricane season">Four</a> (1926)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1926_Miami_hurricane" title="1926 Miami hurricane">"Miami"</a> (1926)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1926_Havana%E2%80%93Bermuda_hurricane" title="1926 Havana–Bermuda hurricane">"Havana–Bermuda"</a> (1926)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1929_Bahamas_hurricane" title="1929 Bahamas hurricane">"Bahamas"</a> (1929)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1930s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1930_San_Zen%C3%B3n_hurricane" title="1930 San Zenón hurricane">"San Zenón"</a> (1930)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1931_British_Honduras_hurricane" title="1931 British Honduras hurricane">"British Honduras"</a> (1931)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1932_Freeport_hurricane" title="1932 Freeport hurricane">"Freeport"</a> (1932)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1932_San_Cipri%C3%A1n_hurricane" title="1932 San Ciprián hurricane">"San Ciprián"</a> (1932)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1933_Chesapeake%E2%80%93Potomac_hurricane" title="1933 Chesapeake–Potomac hurricane">1933 Chesapeake–Potomac hurricane</a> (1933)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1933_Treasure_Coast_hurricane" title="1933 Treasure Coast hurricane">"Treasure Coast"</a> (1933)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1933_Outer_Banks_hurricane" title="1933 Outer Banks hurricane">"Outer Banks"</a> (1933)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1935_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Two" title="1935 Atlantic hurricane season">Two</a> (1935)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1935_Cuba_hurricane" title="1935 Cuba hurricane">"Cuba"</a> (1935)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1939_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Five" title="1939 Atlantic hurricane season">Five</a> (1939)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1940s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1941_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Four" title="1941 Atlantic hurricane season">"Nicaragua"</a> (1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1943_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Three" title="1943 Atlantic hurricane season">Three</a> (1943)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1944_Cuba%E2%80%93Florida_hurricane" title="1944 Cuba–Florida hurricane">"Cuba–Florida"</a> (1944)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1945_Homestead_hurricane" title="1945 Homestead hurricane">"Homestead"</a> (1945)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1947_Fort_Lauderdale_hurricane" title="1947 Fort Lauderdale hurricane">George</a> (1947)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1948_Bermuda%E2%80%93Newfoundland_hurricane" title="1948 Bermuda–Newfoundland hurricane">Dog</a> (1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_1948_Florida_hurricane" title="September 1948 Florida hurricane">Easy</a> (1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1949_Florida_hurricane" title="1949 Florida hurricane">"Florida"</a> (1949)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="1950–present" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">1950–present</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1950s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Dog_(1950)" title="Hurricane Dog (1950)">Dog</a> (1950)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Fox_(1950)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hurricane Fox (1950)">Fox</a> (1950)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_King" title="Hurricane King">King</a> (1950)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Charlie_(1951)" title="Hurricane Charlie (1951)">Charlie</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Easy_(1951)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hurricane Easy (1951)">Easy</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Fox_(1952)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hurricane Fox (1952)">Fox</a> (1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Hazel" title="Hurricane Hazel">Hazel</a> (1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Connie" title="Hurricane Connie">Connie</a> (1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Ione" title="Hurricane Ione">Ione</a> (1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Carrie" title="Hurricane Carrie">Carrie</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Cleo_(1958)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hurricane Cleo (1958)">Cleo</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Daisy_(1958)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hurricane Daisy (1958)">Daisy</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Helene_(1958)" title="Hurricane Helene (1958)">Helene</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Gracie" title="Hurricane Gracie">Gracie</a> (1959)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1960s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Donna" title="Hurricane Donna">Donna</a> (1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Betsy_(1961)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hurricane Betsy (1961)">Betsy</a> (1961)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Carla</a> (1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Frances_(1961)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hurricane Frances (1961)">Frances</a> (1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Flora" title="Hurricane Flora">Flora</a> (1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Cleo" title="Hurricane Cleo">Cleo</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Dora_(1964)" title="Hurricane Dora (1964)">Dora</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Gladys_(1964)" title="Hurricane Gladys (1964)">Gladys</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Hilda" title="Hurricane Hilda">Hilda</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Betsy" title="Hurricane Betsy">Betsy</a> (1965)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1970s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Celia" title="Hurricane Celia">Celia</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Carmen" title="Hurricane Carmen">Carmen</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Gladys_(1975)" title="Hurricane Gladys (1975)">Gladys</a> (1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Greta%E2%80%93Olivia" title="Hurricane Greta–Olivia">Greta</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Ella_(1978)" title="Hurricane Ella (1978)">Ella</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Frederic" title="Hurricane Frederic">Frederic</a> (1979)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Harvey_(1981)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hurricane Harvey (1981)">Harvey</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Debby_(1982)" title="Hurricane Debby (1982)">Debby</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Diana_(1984)" title="Hurricane Diana (1984)">Diana</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Gloria" title="Hurricane Gloria">Gloria</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Helene_(1988)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hurricane Helene (1988)">Helene</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Joan%E2%80%93Miriam" title="Hurricane Joan–Miriam">Joan</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Gabrielle_(1989)" title="Hurricane Gabrielle (1989)">Gabrielle</a> (1989)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Claudette_(1991)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hurricane Claudette (1991)">Claudette</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Felix_(1995)" title="Hurricane Felix (1995)">Felix</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Luis" title="Hurricane Luis">Luis</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Opal" title="Hurricane Opal">Opal</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Edouard_(1996)" title="Hurricane Edouard (1996)">Edouard</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Hortense" title="Hurricane Hortense">Hortense</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Georges" title="Hurricane Georges">Georges</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Bret" title="Hurricane Bret">Bret</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Cindy_(1999)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hurricane Cindy (1999)">Cindy</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Floyd" title="Hurricane Floyd">Floyd</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Gert_(1999)" title="Hurricane Gert (1999)">Gert</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Lenny" title="Hurricane Lenny">Lenny</a> (1999)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Isaac_(2000)" title="Hurricane Isaac (2000)">Isaac</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Keith" title="Hurricane Keith">Keith</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Iris" title="Hurricane Iris">Iris</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Michelle" title="Hurricane Michelle">Michelle</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Lili" title="Hurricane Lili">Lili</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Fabian" title="Hurricane Fabian">Fabian</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Charley" title="Hurricane Charley">Charley</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Frances" title="Hurricane Frances">Frances</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Karl_(2004)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hurricane Karl (2004)">Karl</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Dennis" title="Hurricane Dennis">Dennis</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Gustav" title="Hurricane Gustav">Gustav</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Ike" title="Hurricane Ike">Ike</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Omar" title="Hurricane Omar">Omar</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Paloma" title="Hurricane Paloma">Paloma</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Bill_(2009)" title="Hurricane Bill (2009)">Bill</a> (2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Danielle_(2010)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hurricane Danielle (2010)">Danielle</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Earl_(2010)" title="Hurricane Earl (2010)">Earl</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Igor" title="Hurricane Igor">Igor</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Julia_(2010)" title="Hurricane Julia (2010)">Julia</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Katia_(2011)" title="Hurricane Katia (2011)">Katia</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Ophelia_(2011)" title="Hurricane Ophelia (2011)">Ophelia</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Gonzalo" title="Hurricane Gonzalo">Gonzalo</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Joaquin" title="Hurricane Joaquin">Joaquin</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Nicole_(2016)" title="Hurricane Nicole (2016)">Nicole</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Harvey" title="Hurricane Harvey">Harvey</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Jose_(2017)" title="Hurricane Jose (2017)">Jose</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Florence" title="Hurricane Florence">Florence</a> (2018)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Laura" title="Hurricane Laura">Laura</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Teddy" title="Hurricane Teddy">Teddy</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Delta" title="Hurricane Delta">Delta</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Eta" title="Hurricane Eta">Eta</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Iota" title="Hurricane Iota">Iota</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Ida" title="Hurricane Ida">Ida</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Sam" title="Hurricane Sam">Sam</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Fiona" title="Hurricane Fiona">Fiona</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Franklin_(2023)" title="Hurricane Franklin (2023)">Franklin</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Idalia" title="Hurricane Idalia">Idalia</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Helene" title="Hurricane Helene">Helene</a> (2024)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Kirk_(2024)" title="Hurricane Kirk (2024)">Kirk</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Category_2_Atlantic_hurricanes" title="Category:Category 2 Atlantic hurricanes">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Tropical_cyclones" title="Portal:Tropical cyclones">Tropical cyclones portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Retired_Atlantic_hurricane_names" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Retired_Atlantic_hurricanes" title="Template:Retired Atlantic hurricanes"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Retired_Atlantic_hurricanes" title="Template talk:Retired Atlantic hurricanes"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Retired_Atlantic_hurricanes" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Retired Atlantic hurricanes"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Retired_Atlantic_hurricane_names" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_retired_Atlantic_hurricane_names" title="List of retired Atlantic hurricane names">Retired Atlantic hurricane names</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1950s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Carol" title="Hurricane Carol">Carol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Edna" title="Hurricane Edna">Edna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Hazel" title="Hurricane Hazel">Hazel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Connie" title="Hurricane Connie">Connie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Diane" title="Hurricane Diane">Diane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Ione" title="Hurricane Ione">Ione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Janet" title="Hurricane Janet">Janet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Audrey" title="Hurricane Audrey">Audrey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1960s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Donna" title="Hurricane Donna">Donna</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Carla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Hattie" title="Hurricane Hattie">Hattie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Flora" title="Hurricane Flora">Flora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Cleo" title="Hurricane Cleo">Cleo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Dora_(1964)" title="Hurricane Dora (1964)">Dora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Hilda" title="Hurricane Hilda">Hilda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Betsy" title="Hurricane Betsy">Betsy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Inez" title="Hurricane Inez">Inez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Beulah" title="Hurricane Beulah">Beulah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Camille" title="Hurricane Camille">Camille</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1970s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Celia" title="Hurricane Celia">Celia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Agnes" title="Hurricane Agnes">Agnes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Carmen" title="Hurricane Carmen">Carmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Fifi%E2%80%93Orlene" title="Hurricane Fifi–Orlene">Fifi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Eloise" title="Hurricane Eloise">Eloise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Anita" title="Hurricane Anita">Anita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Greta%E2%80%93Olivia" title="Hurricane Greta–Olivia">Greta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_David" title="Hurricane David">David</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Frederic" title="Hurricane Frederic">Frederic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Allen" title="Hurricane Allen">Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Alicia" title="Hurricane Alicia">Alicia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Elena" title="Hurricane Elena">Elena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Gloria" title="Hurricane Gloria">Gloria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Gilbert" title="Hurricane Gilbert">Gilbert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Joan%E2%80%93Miriam" title="Hurricane Joan–Miriam">Joan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Hugo" title="Hurricane Hugo">Hugo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Diana" title="Hurricane Diana">Diana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Klaus_(1990)" title="Hurricane Klaus (1990)">Klaus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Bob" title="Hurricane Bob">Bob</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Andrew" title="Hurricane Andrew">Andrew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Luis" title="Hurricane Luis">Luis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Marilyn" title="Hurricane Marilyn">Marilyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Opal" title="Hurricane Opal">Opal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Roxanne" title="Hurricane Roxanne">Roxanne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Cesar%E2%80%93Douglas" title="Hurricane Cesar–Douglas">Cesar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Fran" title="Hurricane Fran">Fran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Hortense" title="Hurricane Hortense">Hortense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Georges" title="Hurricane Georges">Georges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Mitch" title="Hurricane Mitch">Mitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Floyd" title="Hurricane Floyd">Floyd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Lenny" title="Hurricane Lenny">Lenny</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Keith" title="Hurricane Keith">Keith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tropical_Storm_Allison" title="Tropical Storm Allison">Allison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Iris" title="Hurricane Iris">Iris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Michelle" title="Hurricane Michelle">Michelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Isidore" title="Hurricane Isidore">Isidore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Lili" title="Hurricane Lili">Lili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Fabian" title="Hurricane Fabian">Fabian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Isabel" title="Hurricane Isabel">Isabel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Juan" title="Hurricane Juan">Juan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Charley" title="Hurricane Charley">Charley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Frances" title="Hurricane Frances">Frances</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Ivan" title="Hurricane Ivan">Ivan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Jeanne" title="Hurricane Jeanne">Jeanne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Dennis" title="Hurricane Dennis">Dennis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Katrina" title="Hurricane Katrina">Katrina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Rita" title="Hurricane Rita">Rita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Stan" title="Hurricane Stan">Stan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Wilma" title="Hurricane Wilma">Wilma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Dean" title="Hurricane Dean">Dean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Felix" title="Hurricane Felix">Felix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Noel" title="Hurricane Noel">Noel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Gustav" title="Hurricane Gustav">Gustav</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Ike" title="Hurricane Ike">Ike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Paloma" title="Hurricane Paloma">Paloma</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Igor" title="Hurricane Igor">Igor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Tomas" title="Hurricane Tomas">Tomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Irene" title="Hurricane Irene">Irene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Sandy" title="Hurricane Sandy">Sandy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Ingrid" title="Hurricane Ingrid">Ingrid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tropical_Storm_Erika" title="Tropical Storm Erika">Erika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Joaquin" title="Hurricane Joaquin">Joaquin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Matthew" title="Hurricane Matthew">Matthew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Otto" title="Hurricane Otto">Otto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Harvey" title="Hurricane Harvey">Harvey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Irma" title="Hurricane Irma">Irma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Maria" title="Hurricane Maria">Maria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Nate" title="Hurricane Nate">Nate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Florence" title="Hurricane Florence">Florence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Michael" title="Hurricane Michael">Michael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Dorian" title="Hurricane Dorian">Dorian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Laura" title="Hurricane Laura">Laura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Eta" title="Hurricane Eta">Eta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Iota" title="Hurricane Iota">Iota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Ida" title="Hurricane Ida">Ida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Fiona" title="Hurricane Fiona">Fiona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Ian" title="Hurricane Ian">Ian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Retired_Atlantic_hurricanes" title="Category:Retired Atlantic hurricanes">Category</a></b></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Portal:Tropical_cyclones" title="Portal:Tropical cyclones">Portal</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1138781147">.mw-parser-output .season-bar-button{float:left;min-height:2em;margin:0;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .season-bar-intensity{float:left;width:3em;margin:0.25em 0.25em 0 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .season-bar-name{float:left;min-width:5em;margin:0.25em 0.5em 0 0;text-align:start}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Tropical_cyclones_of_the_1961_Atlantic_hurricane_season" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:1961_Atlantic_hurricane_season_buttons" title="Template:1961 Atlantic hurricane season buttons"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:1961_Atlantic_hurricane_season_buttons" class="mw-redirect" title="Template talk:1961 Atlantic hurricane season buttons"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:1961_Atlantic_hurricane_season_buttons" title="Special:EditPage/Template:1961 Atlantic hurricane season buttons"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Tropical_cyclones_of_the_1961_Atlantic_hurricane_season" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Tropical cyclones of the <a href="/wiki/1961_Atlantic_hurricane_season" title="1961 Atlantic hurricane season">1961 Atlantic hurricane season</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 2px 0 0"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1961_Atlantic_hurricane_season_summary_map.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/1961_Atlantic_hurricane_season_summary_map.png/100px-1961_Atlantic_hurricane_season_summary_map.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="62" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/1961_Atlantic_hurricane_season_summary_map.png/150px-1961_Atlantic_hurricane_season_summary_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/1961_Atlantic_hurricane_season_summary_map.png/200px-1961_Atlantic_hurricane_season_summary_map.png 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2476" /></a></span></div></td><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="season-bar-button"><div title="Cat2 Anna" class="season-bar-intensity mw-no-invert" style="background-color: #FFD98C;"><span>2</span></div><div title="Cat2 Anna" class="season-bar-name"><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Anna_(1961)" title="Hurricane Anna (1961)">Anna</a></div></div> <div class="season-bar-button"><div title="Cat4 Betsy" class="season-bar-intensity mw-no-invert" style="background-color: #FF738A;"><span>4</span></div><div title="Cat4 Betsy" class="season-bar-name"><a href="/wiki/1961_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Betsy" title="1961 Atlantic hurricane season">Betsy</a></div></div> <div class="season-bar-button"><div title="Cat4 Carla" class="season-bar-intensity mw-no-invert" style="background-color: #FF738A;"><span>4</span></div><div title="Cat4 Carla" class="season-bar-name"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Carla</a></div></div> <div class="season-bar-button"><div title="Cat1 Debbie" class="season-bar-intensity mw-no-invert" style="background-color: #FFFFD9;"><span>1</span></div><div title="Cat1 Debbie" class="season-bar-name"><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Debbie_(1961)" title="Hurricane Debbie (1961)">Debbie</a></div></div> <div class="season-bar-button"><div title="Cat5 Esther" class="season-bar-intensity mw-no-invert" style="background-color: #A188FC;"><span>5</span></div><div title="Cat5 Esther" class="season-bar-name"><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Esther_(1961)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hurricane Esther (1961)">Esther</a></div></div> <div class="season-bar-button"><div title="Storm Unnamed" class="season-bar-intensity mw-no-invert" style="background-color: #4DFFFF;"><span>TS</span></div><div title="Storm Unnamed" class="season-bar-name"><a href="/wiki/1961_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Tropical_Storm_Six" title="1961 Atlantic hurricane season">Unnamed</a></div></div> <div class="season-bar-button"><div title="Cat4 Frances" class="season-bar-intensity mw-no-invert" style="background-color: #FF738A;"><span>4</span></div><div title="Cat4 Frances" class="season-bar-name"><a href="/wiki/1961_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Frances" title="1961 Atlantic hurricane season">Frances</a></div></div> <div class="season-bar-button"><div title="Storm Gerda" class="season-bar-intensity mw-no-invert" style="background-color: #4DFFFF;"><span>TS</span></div><div title="Storm Gerda" class="season-bar-name"><a href="/wiki/1961_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Tropical_Storm_Gerda" title="1961 Atlantic hurricane season">Gerda</a></div></div> <div class="season-bar-button"><div title="Cat5 Hattie" class="season-bar-intensity mw-no-invert" style="background-color: #A188FC;"><span>5</span></div><div title="Cat5 Hattie" class="season-bar-name"><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Hattie" title="Hurricane Hattie">Hattie</a></div></div> <div class="season-bar-button"><div title="Cat1 Jenny" class="season-bar-intensity mw-no-invert" style="background-color: #FFFFD9;"><span>1</span></div><div title="Cat1 Jenny" class="season-bar-name"><a href="/wiki/1961_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Hurricane_Jenny" title="1961 Atlantic hurricane season">Jenny</a></div></div> <div class="season-bar-button"><div title="Storm Inga" class="season-bar-intensity mw-no-invert" style="background-color: #4DFFFF;"><span>TS</span></div><div title="Storm Inga" class="season-bar-name"><a href="/wiki/1961_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Tropical_Storm_Inga" title="1961 Atlantic hurricane season">Inga</a></div></div> <div class="season-bar-button"><div title="Storm Unnamed" class="season-bar-intensity mw-no-invert" style="background-color: #4DFFFF;"><span>TS</span></div><div title="Storm Unnamed" class="season-bar-name"><a href="/wiki/1961_Atlantic_hurricane_season#Tropical_Storm_Twelve" title="1961 Atlantic hurricane season">Unnamed</a></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:1961_Atlantic_hurricane_season" title="Category:1961 Atlantic hurricane season">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1559974#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh88005765">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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