CINXE.COM

Université Laval | Biology - Academia.edu

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" xmlns:fb="http://www.facebook.com/2008/fbml" class="wf-loading"> <head prefix="og: https://ogp.me/ns# fb: https://ogp.me/ns/fb# academia: https://ogp.me/ns/fb/academia#"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name=viewport content="width=device-width"> <meta rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/open_search.xml" title="Academia.edu"> <title>Université Laval | Biology - Academia.edu</title> <!-- _ _ _ | | (_) | | __ _ ___ __ _ __| | ___ _ __ ___ _ __ _ ___ __| |_ _ / _` |/ __/ _` |/ _` |/ _ \ '_ ` _ \| |/ _` | / _ \/ _` | | | | | (_| | (_| (_| | (_| | __/ | | | | | | (_| || __/ (_| | |_| | \__,_|\___\__,_|\__,_|\___|_| |_| |_|_|\__,_(_)___|\__,_|\__,_| We're hiring! See https://www.academia.edu/hiring --> <link href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-production.ico" rel="shortcut icon" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="57x57" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-57x57.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="60x60" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-60x60.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="72x72" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-72x72.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-76x76.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="114x114" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-114x114.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="144x144" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-144x144.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-152x152.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-180x180.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-32x32.png" sizes="32x32"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-194x194.png" sizes="194x194"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-96x96.png" sizes="96x96"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/android-chrome-192x192.png" sizes="192x192"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-16x16.png" sizes="16x16"> <link rel="manifest" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/manifest.json"> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#2b5797"> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/mstile-144x144.png"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"> <script> window.performance && window.performance.measure && window.performance.measure("Time To First Byte", "requestStart", "responseStart"); </script> <script> (function() { if (!window.URLSearchParams || !window.history || !window.history.replaceState) { return; } var searchParams = new URLSearchParams(window.location.search); var paramsToDelete = [ 'fs', 'sm', 'swp', 'iid', 'nbs', 'rcc', // related content category 'rcpos', // related content carousel position 'rcpg', // related carousel page 'rchid', // related content hit id 'f_ri', // research interest id, for SEO tracking 'f_fri', // featured research interest, for SEO tracking (param key without value) 'f_rid', // from research interest directory for SEO tracking 'f_loswp', // from research interest pills on LOSWP sidebar for SEO tracking 'rhid', // referrring hit id ]; if (paramsToDelete.every((key) => searchParams.get(key) === null)) { return; } paramsToDelete.forEach((key) => { searchParams.delete(key); }); var cleanUrl = new URL(window.location.href); cleanUrl.search = searchParams.toString(); history.replaceState({}, document.title, cleanUrl); })(); </script> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "departments", 'action': "show_works", 'controller_action': 'departments#show_works', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script type="text/javascript"> window.sendUserTiming = function(timingName) { if (!(window.performance && window.performance.measure)) return; var entries = window.performance.getEntriesByName(timingName, "measure"); if (entries.length !== 1) return; var timingValue = Math.round(entries[0].duration); gtag('event', 'timing_complete', { name: timingName, value: timingValue, event_category: 'User-centric', }); }; window.sendUserTiming("Time To First Byte"); </script> <meta name="csrf-param" content="authenticity_token" /> <meta name="csrf-token" content="QGdNkxtwfBEQsYcE9pnzwcAUdA8QLO1Xv0q6UbCZQKjcYhFEiw5JNkV6y4Itel349G1szK-lrfohCP65bHBttw" /> <link crossorigin="" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com/" rel="preconnect" /><link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=DM+Sans:ital,opsz,wght@0,9..40,100..1000;1,9..40,100..1000&amp;family=Gupter:wght@400;500;700&amp;family=IBM+Plex+Mono:wght@300;400&amp;family=Material+Symbols+Outlined:opsz,wght,FILL,GRAD@20,400,0,0&amp;display=swap" rel="stylesheet" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/common-2b6f90dbd75f5941bc38f4ad716615f3ac449e7398313bb3bc225fba451cd9fa.css" /> <meta name="description" content="Academia.edu is the platform to share, find, and explore 50 Million research papers. Join us to accelerate your research needs &amp; academic interests." /> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="bKJMBZA7E43xhDOopFZkssMMkBRjvYERV-NaN4R6mrs" /> <script> var $controller_name = 'departments'; var $action_name = "show_works"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = '1363409c2f6920b9f6129801bf9c25a45dc9d4a3'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.Aedu = { hit_data: null }; window.Aedu.SiteStats = {"premium_universities_count":14023,"monthly_visitors":"102 million","monthly_visitor_count":102584291,"monthly_visitor_count_in_millions":102,"user_count":283353934,"paper_count":55203019,"paper_count_in_millions":55,"page_count":432000000,"page_count_in_millions":432,"pdf_count":16500000,"pdf_count_in_millions":16}; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1740140960000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1740140960000; window.Aedu.isUsingCssV1 = false; window.Aedu.enableLocalization = true; window.Aedu.activateFullstory = false; window.Aedu.serviceAvailability = { status: {"attention_db":"on","bibliography_db":"on","contacts_db":"on","email_db":"on","indexability_db":"on","mentions_db":"on","news_db":"on","notifications_db":"on","offsite_mentions_db":"on","redshift":"on","redshift_exports_db":"on","related_works_db":"on","ring_db":"on","user_tests_db":"on"}, serviceEnabled: function(service) { return this.status[service] === "on"; }, readEnabled: function(service) { return this.serviceEnabled(service) || this.status[service] === "read_only"; }, }; window.Aedu.viewApmTrace = function() { // Check if x-apm-trace-id meta tag is set, and open the trace in APM // in a new window if it is. var apmTraceId = document.head.querySelector('meta[name="x-apm-trace-id"]'); if (apmTraceId) { var traceId = apmTraceId.content; // Use trace ID to construct URL, an example URL looks like: // https://app.datadoghq.com/apm/traces?query=trace_id%31298410148923562634 var apmUrl = 'https://app.datadoghq.com/apm/traces?query=trace_id%3A' + traceId; window.open(apmUrl, '_blank'); } }; </script> <!--[if lt IE 9]> <script src="//cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/html5shiv/3.7.2/html5shiv.min.js"></script> <![endif]--> <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Roboto:100,100i,300,300i,400,400i,500,500i,700,700i,900,900i" rel="stylesheet"> <link rel="preload" href="//maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.3.0/css/font-awesome.min.css" as="style" onload="this.rel='stylesheet'"> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/libraries-a9675dcb01ec4ef6aa807ba772c7a5a00c1820d3ff661c1038a20f80d06bb4e4.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/academia-1eb081e01ca8bc0c1b1d866df79d9eb4dd2c484e4beecf76e79a7806c72fee08.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system_legacy-056a9113b9a0f5343d013b29ee1929d5a18be35fdcdceb616600b4db8bd20054.css" /> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/runtime-bundle-005434038af4252ca37c527588411a3d6a0eabb5f727fac83f8bbe7fd88d93bb.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/webpack_libraries_and_infrequently_changed.wjs-bundle-b42d48e01e9cb3bf5ae55ea154ab7133fe47240c1d7c59b0249065c67d6f65ab.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/core_webpack.wjs-bundle-f3fdf92d2e211a3fd7a717a75adb7bf4af30f5d7651964d9f223129f218112cd.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/sentry.wjs-bundle-5fe03fddca915c8ba0f7edbe64c194308e8ce5abaed7bffe1255ff37549c4808.js"></script> <script> jade = window.jade || {}; jade.helpers = window.$h; jade._ = window._; </script> <!-- Google Tag Manager --> <script id="tag-manager-head-root">(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer_old','GTM-5G9JF7Z');</script> <!-- End Google Tag Manager --> <script> window.gptadslots = []; window.googletag = window.googletag || {}; window.googletag.cmd = window.googletag.cmd || []; </script> <script type="text/javascript"> // TODO(jacob): This should be defined, may be rare load order problem. // Checking if null is just a quick fix, will default to en if unset. // Better fix is to run this immedietely after I18n is set. if (window.I18n != null) { I18n.defaultLocale = "en"; I18n.locale = "en"; I18n.fallbacks = true; } </script> <link rel="canonical" href="https://ulaval.academia.edu/Departments/Biology/Documents" /> </head> <!--[if gte IE 9 ]> <body class='ie ie9 c-departments a-show_works logged_out u-bgColorWhite'> <![endif]--> <!--[if !(IE) ]><!--> <body class='c-departments a-show_works logged_out u-bgColorWhite'> <!--<![endif]--> <div id="fb-root"></div><script>window.fbAsyncInit = function() { FB.init({ appId: "2369844204", version: "v8.0", status: true, cookie: true, xfbml: true }); // Additional initialization code. if (window.InitFacebook) { // facebook.ts already loaded, set it up. window.InitFacebook(); } else { // Set a flag for facebook.ts to find when it loads. window.academiaAuthReadyFacebook = true; } };</script><script>window.fbAsyncLoad = function() { // Protection against double calling of this function if (window.FB) { return; } (function(d, s, id){ var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) {return;} js = d.createElement(s); js.id = id; js.src = "//connect.facebook.net/en_US/sdk.js"; fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); }(document, 'script', 'facebook-jssdk')); } if (!window.defer_facebook) { // Autoload if not deferred window.fbAsyncLoad(); } else { // Defer loading by 5 seconds setTimeout(function() { window.fbAsyncLoad(); }, 5000); }</script> <div id="google-root"></div><script>window.loadGoogle = function() { if (window.InitGoogle) { // google.ts already loaded, set it up. window.InitGoogle("331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b"); } else { // Set a flag for google.ts to use when it loads. window.GoogleClientID = "331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b"; } };</script><script>window.googleAsyncLoad = function() { // Protection against double calling of this function (function(d) { var js; var id = 'google-jssdk'; var ref = d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) { return; } js = d.createElement('script'); js.id = id; js.async = true; js.onload = loadGoogle; js.src = "https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client" ref.parentNode.insertBefore(js, ref); }(document)); } if (!window.defer_google) { // Autoload if not deferred window.googleAsyncLoad(); } else { // Defer loading by 5 seconds setTimeout(function() { window.googleAsyncLoad(); }, 5000); }</script> <div id="tag-manager-body-root"> <!-- Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-5G9JF7Z" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> <!-- End Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> <!-- Event listeners for analytics --> <script> window.addEventListener('load', function() { if (document.querySelector('input[name="commit"]')) { document.querySelector('input[name="commit"]').addEventListener('click', function() { gtag('event', 'click', { event_category: 'button', event_label: 'Log In' }) }) } }); </script> </div> <script>var _comscore = _comscore || []; _comscore.push({ c1: "2", c2: "26766707" }); (function() { var s = document.createElement("script"), el = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s.async = true; s.src = (document.location.protocol == "https:" ? "https://sb" : "http://b") + ".scorecardresearch.com/beacon.js"; el.parentNode.insertBefore(s, el); })();</script><img src="https://sb.scorecardresearch.com/p?c1=2&amp;c2=26766707&amp;cv=2.0&amp;cj=1" style="position: absolute; visibility: hidden" /> <div id='react-modal'></div> <div class='DesignSystem'> <a class='u-showOnFocus' href='#site'> Skip to main content </a> </div> <div id="upgrade_ie_banner" style="display: none;"><p>Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer.</p><p>To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds to&nbsp;<a href="https://www.academia.edu/upgrade-browser">upgrade your browser</a>.</p></div><script>// Show this banner for all versions of IE if (!!window.MSInputMethodContext || /(MSIE)/.test(navigator.userAgent)) { document.getElementById('upgrade_ie_banner').style.display = 'block'; }</script> <div class="DesignSystem bootstrap ShrinkableNav no-xs no-sm no-md"><div class="navbar navbar-default main-header"><div class="container-wrapper" id="main-header-container"><div class="container"><div class="navbar-header"><div class="nav-left-wrapper u-mt0x"><div class="nav-logo"><a data-main-header-link-target="logo_home" href="https://www.academia.edu/"><img class="visible-xs-inline-block" style="height: 24px;" alt="Academia.edu" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-redesign-2015-A.svg" width="24" height="24" /><img width="145.2" height="18" class="hidden-xs" style="height: 24px;" alt="Academia.edu" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-redesign-2015.svg" /></a></div><div class="nav-search"><div class="SiteSearch-wrapper select2-no-default-pills"><form class="js-SiteSearch-form DesignSystem" action="https://www.academia.edu/search" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="get"><i class="SiteSearch-icon fa fa-search u-fw700 u-positionAbsolute u-tcGrayDark"></i><input class="js-SiteSearch-form-input SiteSearch-form-input form-control" data-main-header-click-target="search_input" name="q" placeholder="Search" type="text" value="" /></form></div></div></div><div class="nav-right-wrapper pull-right"><ul class="NavLinks js-main-nav list-unstyled"><li class="NavLinks-link"><a class="js-header-login-url Button Button--inverseGray Button--sm u-mb4x" id="nav_log_in" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/login">Log In</a></li><li class="NavLinks-link u-p0x"><a class="Button Button--inverseGray Button--sm u-mb4x" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Sign Up</a></li></ul><button class="hidden-lg hidden-md hidden-sm u-ml4x navbar-toggle collapsed" data-target=".js-mobile-header-links" data-toggle="collapse" type="button"><span class="icon-bar"></span><span class="icon-bar"></span><span class="icon-bar"></span></button></div></div><div class="collapse navbar-collapse js-mobile-header-links"><ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/login">Log In</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Sign Up</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1 js-mobile-nav-expand-trigger"><a href="#">more&nbsp<span class="caret"></span></a></li><li><ul class="js-mobile-nav-expand-section nav navbar-nav u-m0x collapse"><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="false" href="https://www.academia.edu/about">About</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/press">Press</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="false" href="https://www.academia.edu/documents">Papers</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/terms">Terms</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/privacy">Privacy</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/copyright">Copyright</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/hiring"><i class="fa fa-briefcase"></i>&nbsp;We're Hiring!</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://support.academia.edu/hc/en-us"><i class="fa fa-question-circle"></i>&nbsp;Help Center</a></li><li class="js-mobile-nav-collapse-trigger u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1 dropup" style="display:none"><a href="#">less&nbsp<span class="caret"></span></a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div><script>(function(){ var $moreLink = $(".js-mobile-nav-expand-trigger"); var $lessLink = $(".js-mobile-nav-collapse-trigger"); var $section = $('.js-mobile-nav-expand-section'); $moreLink.click(function(ev){ ev.preventDefault(); $moreLink.hide(); $lessLink.show(); $section.collapse('show'); }); $lessLink.click(function(ev){ ev.preventDefault(); $moreLink.show(); $lessLink.hide(); $section.collapse('hide'); }); })() if ($a.is_logged_in() || false) { new Aedu.NavigationController({ el: '.js-main-nav', showHighlightedNotification: false }); } else { $(".js-header-login-url").attr("href", $a.loginUrlWithRedirect()); } Aedu.autocompleteSearch = new AutocompleteSearch({el: '.js-SiteSearch-form'});</script></div></div> <div id='site' class='fixed'> <div id="content" class="clearfix"> <script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(){ var $dismissible = $(".dismissible_banner"); $dismissible.click(function(ev) { $dismissible.hide(); }); });</script> <div class="DesignSystem" style="margin-top:-40px"><div class="PageHeader"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><div class="u-floatLeft u-fs24 u-tcGrayDarkest"><span class="PageHeader-title u-m0x u-fw700 u-mr5x u-pr5x u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderRight1"><a href="https://ulaval.academia.edu/"><span class="u-linkUnstyled u-tcGrayDarkest">Université Laval</span></a></span><h1 class="u-m0x u-fw300 u-fs24 u-displayInline">Biology</h1></div><div class="u-floatRight u-mt1x"></div></div></div></div></div><div class="TabbedNavigation"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><ul class="nav u-m0x u-p0x list-inline"><li class="u-floatLeft u-pr5x u-mr5x u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderRight1"><a href="https://ulaval.academia.edu/"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-left"></i>&nbsp;&nbsp;All Departments</span></a></li><li class="u-floatLeft active"><a href="https://ulaval.academia.edu/Departments/Biology/Documents">107 Papers</a></li><li class="u-floatLeft"><a href="https://ulaval.academia.edu/Departments/Biology">22 Researchers</a></li></ul></div></div></div></div><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12"><div class="u-displayFlex"><div class="u-flexGrow1"><div class="u-ph0x"><div class="works"><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4175412" data-work_id="4175412" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4175412/Connectivity_as_a_Management_Tool_for_Coastal_Ecosystems_in_Changing_Oceans">Connectivity as a Management Tool for Coastal Ecosystems in Changing Oceans</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4175412" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d325f4b97b0eb173590aba6c90978a2e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{&quot;attachment_id&quot;:31677543,&quot;asset_id&quot;:4175412,&quot;asset_type&quot;:&quot;Work&quot;,&quot;always_allow_download&quot;:false,&quot;track&quot;:null,&quot;button_location&quot;:&quot;work_strip&quot;,&quot;source&quot;:null,&quot;hide_modal&quot;:null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31677543/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by&nbsp;<span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5050225" href="https://mun.academia.edu/NicolasLeCorre">Nicolas Le Corre</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5050225" type="text/json">{"id":5050225,"first_name":"Nicolas","last_name":"Le Corre","domain_name":"mun","page_name":"NicolasLeCorre","display_name":"Nicolas Le Corre","profile_url":"https://mun.academia.edu/NicolasLeCorre","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5050225/2200303/14705805/s65_nicolas.le_corre.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4175412 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4175412"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4175412, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4175412", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_4175412 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4175412; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_4175412"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_4175412 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="4175412"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4175412; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4175412]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_4175412").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_4175412").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="4175412"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="158" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Biology">Marine Biology</a>,&nbsp;<script data-card-contents-for-ri="158" type="text/json">{"id":158,"name":"Marine Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Biology","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4035" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Ecology">Marine Ecology</a>,&nbsp;<script data-card-contents-for-ri="4035" type="text/json">{"id":4035,"name":"Marine Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Ecology","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7805" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Conservation">Marine Conservation</a>,&nbsp;<script data-card-contents-for-ri="7805" type="text/json">{"id":7805,"name":"Marine Conservation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Conservation","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9846" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology">Ecology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="9846" type="text/json">{"id":9846,"name":"Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=4175412]'), work: {"id":4175412,"title":"Connectivity as a Management Tool for Coastal Ecosystems in Changing Oceans","created_at":"2013-08-05T05:54:01.422-07:00","owner_id":5050225,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/4175412/Connectivity_as_a_Management_Tool_for_Coastal_Ecosystems_in_Changing_Oceans","slug":"Connectivity_as_a_Management_Tool_for_Coastal_Ecosystems_in_Changing_Oceans","dom_id":"work_4175412","summary":null,"publication":null,"publication_with_fallback":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31677543,"asset_id":4175412,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/31677543/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31677543/Le_Corre_et_al._2012_Intech_Oceanography-libre.pdf?1392302973=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DConnectivity_as_a_Management_Tool_for_Co.pdf\u0026Expires=1738506232\u0026Signature=eRjg53jqPryzKeY~pA~cRmbio63vsL47judyUqRkAf6WxJhgR~JxSpKTcPVrJesJC-q6Q6Ub~~Ktx0Gr~2bTf~Q0PZdd7ESDC5P5ahbzdL5KkFpOEMuoCCwbMtj8wgx7b7bbMylQeXpjZkW4uIkvAZV-XjmC9j9TSVYxNbXO-TtmAGBDE5gOZd2EFVlOGkS1S53CX5e3c45J~rKTLlaAb~ovJm~fgK7hBwhxZr7celYEjy5urA837jAqqyU6~59nKDTX9kmhxLRGMwWWnzAx3fqo~~WVASi5TBHFFHAfm9Z6rhMSDF20zH1~aoZ3iCbT~AIIz-UzHOGIKwhh~-XVJA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31677543/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/31677543/mini_magick20190426-11542-1m50kd9.png?1556264820"}],"downloadable_attachments_with_full_thumbnails":[{"id":31677543,"asset_id":4175412,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/31677543/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31677543/Le_Corre_et_al._2012_Intech_Oceanography-libre.pdf?1392302973=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DConnectivity_as_a_Management_Tool_for_Co.pdf\u0026Expires=1738506232\u0026Signature=eRjg53jqPryzKeY~pA~cRmbio63vsL47judyUqRkAf6WxJhgR~JxSpKTcPVrJesJC-q6Q6Ub~~Ktx0Gr~2bTf~Q0PZdd7ESDC5P5ahbzdL5KkFpOEMuoCCwbMtj8wgx7b7bbMylQeXpjZkW4uIkvAZV-XjmC9j9TSVYxNbXO-TtmAGBDE5gOZd2EFVlOGkS1S53CX5e3c45J~rKTLlaAb~ovJm~fgK7hBwhxZr7celYEjy5urA837jAqqyU6~59nKDTX9kmhxLRGMwWWnzAx3fqo~~WVASi5TBHFFHAfm9Z6rhMSDF20zH1~aoZ3iCbT~AIIz-UzHOGIKwhh~-XVJA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31677543/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/31677543/mini_magick20190426-11542-1m50kd9.png?1556264820"}],"has_pdf":true,"has_fulltext":true,"page_count":25,"ordered_authors":[{"id":5050225,"first_name":"Nicolas","last_name":"Le Corre","domain_name":"mun","page_name":"NicolasLeCorre","display_name":"Nicolas Le Corre","profile_url":"https://mun.academia.edu/NicolasLeCorre","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5050225/2200303/14705805/s65_nicolas.le_corre.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":158,"name":"Marine Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Biology","nofollow":true},{"id":4035,"name":"Marine Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Ecology","nofollow":true},{"id":7805,"name":"Marine Conservation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Conservation","nofollow":true},{"id":9846,"name":"Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology","nofollow":true},{"id":17638,"name":"Benthic Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Benthic_Ecology"},{"id":111472,"name":"Marine benthos ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_benthos_ecology"}],"publication_year":null,"publication_year_with_fallback":null,"paper_rank":null,"all_time_views":46,"active_discussion":{}}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4175413" data-work_id="4175413" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4175413/VARIABILIT%C3%89_DE_LA_CONNECTIVIT%C3%89_ET_DU_RECRUTEMENT_AU_SEIN_D_UNE_M%C3%89TAPOPULATION_MARINE_Th%C3%A8se">VARIABILITÉ DE LA CONNECTIVITÉ ET DU RECRUTEMENT AU SEIN D’UNE MÉTAPOPULATION MARINE Thèse</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">La connectivité des populations marines est un élément majeur de la démographie des métapopulations, car elle constitue le lien entre les sous-populations. Chez les invertébrés marins ayant un cycle vital bentho-pélagique, la connectivité... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_4175413" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">La connectivité des populations marines est un élément majeur de la démographie des métapopulations, car elle constitue le lien entre les sous-populations. Chez les invertébrés marins ayant un cycle vital bentho-pélagique, la connectivité se produit au cours de la dissémination larvaire, laquelle est principalement dirigée par les courants marins.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4175413" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b24d54276ceb4a03c6ffb6f4bba5e356" rel="nofollow" data-download="{&quot;attachment_id&quot;:31677547,&quot;asset_id&quot;:4175413,&quot;asset_type&quot;:&quot;Work&quot;,&quot;always_allow_download&quot;:false,&quot;track&quot;:null,&quot;button_location&quot;:&quot;work_strip&quot;,&quot;source&quot;:null,&quot;hide_modal&quot;:null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31677547/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by&nbsp;<span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5050225" href="https://mun.academia.edu/NicolasLeCorre">Nicolas Le Corre</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5050225" type="text/json">{"id":5050225,"first_name":"Nicolas","last_name":"Le Corre","domain_name":"mun","page_name":"NicolasLeCorre","display_name":"Nicolas Le Corre","profile_url":"https://mun.academia.edu/NicolasLeCorre","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5050225/2200303/14705805/s65_nicolas.le_corre.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4175413 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4175413"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4175413, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4175413", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_4175413 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4175413; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_4175413"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_4175413 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="4175413"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4175413; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4175413]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_4175413").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_4175413").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="4175413"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="158" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Biology">Marine Biology</a>,&nbsp;<script data-card-contents-for-ri="158" type="text/json">{"id":158,"name":"Marine Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Biology","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4035" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Ecology">Marine Ecology</a>,&nbsp;<script data-card-contents-for-ri="4035" type="text/json">{"id":4035,"name":"Marine Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Ecology","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7805" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Conservation">Marine Conservation</a>,&nbsp;<script data-card-contents-for-ri="7805" type="text/json">{"id":7805,"name":"Marine Conservation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Conservation","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9846" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology">Ecology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="9846" type="text/json">{"id":9846,"name":"Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=4175413]'), work: {"id":4175413,"title":"VARIABILITÉ DE LA CONNECTIVITÉ ET DU RECRUTEMENT AU SEIN D’UNE MÉTAPOPULATION MARINE Thèse","created_at":"2013-08-05T05:54:01.501-07:00","owner_id":5050225,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/4175413/VARIABILIT%C3%89_DE_LA_CONNECTIVIT%C3%89_ET_DU_RECRUTEMENT_AU_SEIN_D_UNE_M%C3%89TAPOPULATION_MARINE_Th%C3%A8se","slug":"VARIABILITÉ_DE_LA_CONNECTIVITÉ_ET_DU_RECRUTEMENT_AU_SEIN_D_UNE_MÉTAPOPULATION_MARINE_Thèse","dom_id":"work_4175413","summary":"La connectivité des populations marines est un élément majeur de la démographie des métapopulations, car elle constitue le lien entre les sous-populations. Chez les invertébrés marins ayant un cycle vital bentho-pélagique, la connectivité se produit au cours de la dissémination larvaire, laquelle est principalement dirigée par les courants marins.","publication":null,"publication_with_fallback":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31677547,"asset_id":4175413,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/31677547/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31677547/Le_Corre_N._2013_Ph.D._Thesis-libre.pdf?1392423536=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DVARIABILITE_DE_LA_CONNECTIVITE_ET_DU_REC.pdf\u0026Expires=1739274607\u0026Signature=DdezZfGaxUPjP26DnnUt1GlJYusUzBy7P8RT~UH20G4Z~155jZkusam~PQdj4ie7Myy6s8kMrC6xmjTGtDXXoAUEzgr3nlhW1pZiIdThy5mG1wpkOYyc2YcM6LUwlb8LDu05diljCEmtlRYDdts~Vpof6X5utcEqTX2e3cwV1b7tOvkPvnorppZeKINxz7KdOCVJ677bpeZeIk1d8itKEB2lKHqlJv208w3K8RtI34yjRr7Q6GrbzRNKO9xE1sbkTX2An7~e86T~FnPjgPzAHRptFE0~RCfhOG3Ewgwhjw8MvQsjtEtgPFq5bWfKFpl9g7lxifWPnyxhYC~us-lIFQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31677547/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/31677547/mini_magick20190426-18939-n1rlzd.png?1556264831"}],"downloadable_attachments_with_full_thumbnails":[{"id":31677547,"asset_id":4175413,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/31677547/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31677547/Le_Corre_N._2013_Ph.D._Thesis-libre.pdf?1392423536=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DVARIABILITE_DE_LA_CONNECTIVITE_ET_DU_REC.pdf\u0026Expires=1739274607\u0026Signature=DdezZfGaxUPjP26DnnUt1GlJYusUzBy7P8RT~UH20G4Z~155jZkusam~PQdj4ie7Myy6s8kMrC6xmjTGtDXXoAUEzgr3nlhW1pZiIdThy5mG1wpkOYyc2YcM6LUwlb8LDu05diljCEmtlRYDdts~Vpof6X5utcEqTX2e3cwV1b7tOvkPvnorppZeKINxz7KdOCVJ677bpeZeIk1d8itKEB2lKHqlJv208w3K8RtI34yjRr7Q6GrbzRNKO9xE1sbkTX2An7~e86T~FnPjgPzAHRptFE0~RCfhOG3Ewgwhjw8MvQsjtEtgPFq5bWfKFpl9g7lxifWPnyxhYC~us-lIFQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31677547/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/31677547/mini_magick20190426-18939-n1rlzd.png?1556264831"}],"has_pdf":true,"has_fulltext":true,"page_count":155,"ordered_authors":[{"id":5050225,"first_name":"Nicolas","last_name":"Le Corre","domain_name":"mun","page_name":"NicolasLeCorre","display_name":"Nicolas Le Corre","profile_url":"https://mun.academia.edu/NicolasLeCorre","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5050225/2200303/14705805/s65_nicolas.le_corre.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":158,"name":"Marine Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Biology","nofollow":true},{"id":4035,"name":"Marine Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Ecology","nofollow":true},{"id":7805,"name":"Marine Conservation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Conservation","nofollow":true},{"id":9846,"name":"Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology","nofollow":true},{"id":14483,"name":"Animal Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_Ecology"},{"id":16441,"name":"Marine Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Science"},{"id":17638,"name":"Benthic Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Benthic_Ecology"},{"id":23720,"name":"Benthic macroinvertebrates","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Benthic_macroinvertebrates"}],"publication_year":null,"publication_year_with_fallback":null,"paper_rank":null,"all_time_views":131,"active_discussion":{}}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4198332" data-work_id="4198332" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4198332/Variation_in_recruitment_differentiating_the_roles_of_primary_and_secondary_settlement_of_blue_mussels_Mytilus_spp">Variation in recruitment: differentiating the roles of primary and secondary settlement of blue mussels Mytilus spp.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Recruitment has often been cited as a key factor regulating population abundance and community structure in benthic marine ecosystems, where the life cycle of many species includes a dispersive planktonic phase. Still, the patterns and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_4198332" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Recruitment has often been cited as a key factor regulating population abundance and community structure in benthic marine ecosystems, where the life cycle of many species includes a dispersive planktonic phase. Still, the patterns and causes of temporal heterogeneity in the recruitment process, from daily to annual scales, are poorly understood for most taxa. We conducted weekly (2008) and biweekly (i.e. every 2 wk; 2008−2009) assessments of settlement of the marine mussels Mytilus spp. in the St. Lawrence maritime estuary, and differentiated between primary (metamorphosis) and secondary (post-metamorphosis movements) settlers. At a biweekly temporal resolution, recruitment in 2008 occurred over a 2 mo period with a single peak in August. A more complex pattern of recruitment involving multiple peaks of primary and secondary settlement was, however, revealed at a weekly resolution. In 2009 the biweekly settlement rates were an order of magnitude lower, with again only a single peak. In both years, secondary settlement was observed throughout most of the season and contributed as much or more (50−81%) than primary settlement for several peaks. Based on prodissoconch II size and estimated larval growth rates, the mean planktonic larval duration was estimated to be 38 d, but may have ranged from 27 to 67 d depending on the actual growth rate. The importance of secondary settlement increased over time and was a major contributor to local recruitment dynamics. Variation in primary and secondary settlement as well as inter-annual variations could strongly affect estimates of recruitment rates, local dynamics and the spatial scales of connectivity among coastal populations, and thus our understanding of local population regulation and metapopulation dynamics.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4198332" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="80e2899a07f9ab15f12cdd23f42840a4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{&quot;attachment_id&quot;:31693259,&quot;asset_id&quot;:4198332,&quot;asset_type&quot;:&quot;Work&quot;,&quot;always_allow_download&quot;:false,&quot;track&quot;:null,&quot;button_location&quot;:&quot;work_strip&quot;,&quot;source&quot;:null,&quot;hide_modal&quot;:null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31693259/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by&nbsp;<span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5050225" href="https://mun.academia.edu/NicolasLeCorre">Nicolas Le Corre</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5050225" type="text/json">{"id":5050225,"first_name":"Nicolas","last_name":"Le Corre","domain_name":"mun","page_name":"NicolasLeCorre","display_name":"Nicolas Le Corre","profile_url":"https://mun.academia.edu/NicolasLeCorre","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5050225/2200303/14705805/s65_nicolas.le_corre.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4198332 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4198332"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4198332, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4198332", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_4198332 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4198332; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_4198332"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_4198332 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="4198332"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4198332; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4198332]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_4198332").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_4198332").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="4198332"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4035" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Ecology">Marine Ecology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="4035" type="text/json">{"id":4035,"name":"Marine Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Ecology","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=4198332]'), work: {"id":4198332,"title":"Variation in recruitment: differentiating the roles of primary and secondary settlement of blue mussels Mytilus spp.","created_at":"2013-08-08T04:35:58.916-07:00","owner_id":5050225,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/4198332/Variation_in_recruitment_differentiating_the_roles_of_primary_and_secondary_settlement_of_blue_mussels_Mytilus_spp","slug":"Variation_in_recruitment_differentiating_the_roles_of_primary_and_secondary_settlement_of_blue_mussels_Mytilus_spp","dom_id":"work_4198332","summary":"Recruitment has often been cited as a key factor regulating population abundance and community structure in benthic marine ecosystems, where the life cycle of many species includes a dispersive planktonic phase. Still, the patterns and causes of temporal heterogeneity in the recruitment process, from daily to annual scales, are poorly understood for most taxa. We conducted weekly (2008) and biweekly (i.e. every 2 wk; 2008−2009) assessments of settlement of the marine mussels Mytilus spp. in the St. Lawrence maritime estuary, and differentiated between primary (metamorphosis) and secondary (post-metamorphosis movements) settlers. At a biweekly temporal resolution, recruitment in 2008 occurred over a 2 mo period with a single peak in August. A more complex pattern of recruitment involving multiple peaks of primary and secondary settlement was, however, revealed at a weekly resolution. In 2009 the biweekly settlement rates were an order of magnitude lower, with again only a single peak. In both years, secondary settlement was observed throughout most of the season and contributed as much or more (50−81%) than primary settlement for several peaks. Based on prodissoconch II size and estimated larval growth rates, the mean planktonic larval duration was estimated to be 38 d, but may have ranged from 27 to 67 d depending on the actual growth rate. The importance of secondary settlement increased over time and was a major contributor to local recruitment dynamics. Variation in primary and secondary settlement as well as inter-annual variations could strongly affect estimates of recruitment rates, local dynamics and the spatial scales of connectivity among coastal populations, and thus our understanding of local population regulation and metapopulation dynamics.","publication":null,"publication_with_fallback":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31693259,"asset_id":4198332,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/31693259/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31693259/Le_Corre_et_al._2013_MEPS-libre.pdf?1392465699=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DVariation_in_recruitment_differentiating.pdf\u0026Expires=1740144557\u0026Signature=d-RMIYNjaMVgt4UZp20JpolSs5FTI1FlXVEUURm11VkQL5uhfSrk7NhPbwH~r4H2yf-6RVTl8VKQE~8DMUGBxNdukYBwUVmoigPSpvDStqsjX-y96yveeM~dzej3bwuxz36DL3C7q982ie2ly3zbZkzW0coO-2HuVjM7baNhKe~C~33IoSZEmMcfwRj4F31OHJPvHhGbMwkmtmYyJ4-H3Va-~NoRY2Ovis6g1j-UjqA-qUkKXCNOBMd9yagi6dFKuqs0bQIfzG-yq1i7jS5R-wd7AyM-rp1kR3vrFupWeQKGrVvHJTgZ3UUSoo8WX5yXiHIzC6fjZoTxMSbOZ74tUg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31693259/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/31693259/mini_magick20190426-4938-zodzlt.png?1556264001"}],"downloadable_attachments_with_full_thumbnails":[{"id":31693259,"asset_id":4198332,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/31693259/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31693259/Le_Corre_et_al._2013_MEPS-libre.pdf?1392465699=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DVariation_in_recruitment_differentiating.pdf\u0026Expires=1740144557\u0026Signature=d-RMIYNjaMVgt4UZp20JpolSs5FTI1FlXVEUURm11VkQL5uhfSrk7NhPbwH~r4H2yf-6RVTl8VKQE~8DMUGBxNdukYBwUVmoigPSpvDStqsjX-y96yveeM~dzej3bwuxz36DL3C7q982ie2ly3zbZkzW0coO-2HuVjM7baNhKe~C~33IoSZEmMcfwRj4F31OHJPvHhGbMwkmtmYyJ4-H3Va-~NoRY2Ovis6g1j-UjqA-qUkKXCNOBMd9yagi6dFKuqs0bQIfzG-yq1i7jS5R-wd7AyM-rp1kR3vrFupWeQKGrVvHJTgZ3UUSoo8WX5yXiHIzC6fjZoTxMSbOZ74tUg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31693259/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/31693259/mini_magick20190426-4938-zodzlt.png?1556264001"}],"has_pdf":true,"has_fulltext":true,"page_count":14,"ordered_authors":[{"id":5050225,"first_name":"Nicolas","last_name":"Le Corre","domain_name":"mun","page_name":"NicolasLeCorre","display_name":"Nicolas Le Corre","profile_url":"https://mun.academia.edu/NicolasLeCorre","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5050225/2200303/14705805/s65_nicolas.le_corre.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4035,"name":"Marine Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Ecology","nofollow":true}],"publication_year":null,"publication_year_with_fallback":null,"paper_rank":null,"all_time_views":127,"active_discussion":{}}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_11928594" data-work_id="11928594" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/11928594/Patterns_and_scales_of_connectivity_Temporal_stability_and_variation_within_a_marine_metapopulation">Patterns and scales of connectivity: Temporal stability and variation within a marine metapopulation.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">As many marine invertebrates have a dispersive planktonic phase, the spatial scale of demographic connectivity among local populations remains a key, but elusive, parameter driving population and metapopulation dynamics. Temporal... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_11928594" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">As many marine invertebrates have a dispersive planktonic phase, the spatial scale of demographic connectivity among local populations remains a key, but elusive, parameter driving population and metapopulation dynamics. Temporal variation in the scale of connectivity remains, however, largely undocumented despite its recognized importance for predicting population responses to environmental changes. To assess the temporal stability of metapopulation connectivity, we conducted a large-scale survey of a blue mussel (Mytilus spp.) metapopulation for five years along a 100-km section of coastline of the Gaspé Peninsula (Québec, Canada). For each year, we estimated the scale of demographic coupling among 27 to 29 sites within our study region using the spatial cross-covariance between adult abundance and recruit density across sites. Despite large inter-annual variability in overall recruit abundance, our analysis revealed stationary spatial distributions of adult and recruit abundance. More importantly, our analysis revealed a consistent demographic coupling among populations at a distance ranging from 12 to 24 km in all but one of the five years studied. The scale of connectivity in this system is thus temporally stable but can occasionally show irregular fluctuations, and our results provide evidence in support of the integration of time varying connectivity to marine metapopulation and reserve network theories.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/11928594" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="83dbef1ec2b518b7d06327e22f71382d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{&quot;attachment_id&quot;:40098964,&quot;asset_id&quot;:11928594,&quot;asset_type&quot;:&quot;Work&quot;,&quot;always_allow_download&quot;:false,&quot;track&quot;:null,&quot;button_location&quot;:&quot;work_strip&quot;,&quot;source&quot;:null,&quot;hide_modal&quot;:null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40098964/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by&nbsp;<span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5050225" href="https://mun.academia.edu/NicolasLeCorre">Nicolas Le Corre</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5050225" type="text/json">{"id":5050225,"first_name":"Nicolas","last_name":"Le Corre","domain_name":"mun","page_name":"NicolasLeCorre","display_name":"Nicolas Le Corre","profile_url":"https://mun.academia.edu/NicolasLeCorre","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5050225/2200303/14705805/s65_nicolas.le_corre.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_11928594 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="11928594"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11928594, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_11928594", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_11928594 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11928594; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_11928594"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_11928594 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11928594"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11928594; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11928594]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_11928594").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_11928594").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="11928594"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4035" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Ecology">Marine Ecology</a>,&nbsp;<script data-card-contents-for-ri="4035" type="text/json">{"id":4035,"name":"Marine Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Ecology","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="72911" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Mussels">Marine Mussels</a>,&nbsp;<script data-card-contents-for-ri="72911" type="text/json">{"id":72911,"name":"Marine Mussels","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Mussels","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="91135" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Population_Connectivity">Population Connectivity</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="91135" type="text/json">{"id":91135,"name":"Population Connectivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Population_Connectivity","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=11928594]'), work: {"id":11928594,"title":"Patterns and scales of connectivity: Temporal stability and variation within a marine metapopulation.","created_at":"2015-04-13T10:40:40.761-07:00","owner_id":5050225,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/11928594/Patterns_and_scales_of_connectivity_Temporal_stability_and_variation_within_a_marine_metapopulation","slug":"Patterns_and_scales_of_connectivity_Temporal_stability_and_variation_within_a_marine_metapopulation","dom_id":"work_11928594","summary":"As many marine invertebrates have a dispersive planktonic phase, the spatial scale of demographic connectivity among local populations remains a key, but elusive, parameter driving population and metapopulation dynamics. Temporal variation in the scale of connectivity remains, however, largely undocumented despite its recognized importance for predicting population responses to environmental changes. To assess the temporal stability of metapopulation connectivity, we conducted a large-scale survey of a blue mussel (Mytilus spp.) metapopulation for five years along a 100-km section of coastline of the Gaspé Peninsula (Québec, Canada). For each year, we estimated the scale of demographic coupling among 27 to 29 sites within our study region using the spatial cross-covariance between adult abundance and recruit density across sites. Despite large inter-annual variability in overall recruit abundance, our analysis revealed stationary spatial distributions of adult and recruit abundance. More importantly, our analysis revealed a consistent demographic coupling among populations at a distance ranging from 12 to 24 km in all but one of the five years studied. The scale of connectivity in this system is thus temporally stable but can occasionally show irregular fluctuations, and our results provide evidence in support of the integration of time varying connectivity to marine metapopulation and reserve network theories.","publication":null,"publication_with_fallback":"Ecology","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":40098964,"asset_id":11928594,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/40098964/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/40098964/Le_Corre_et_al._2015_Ecology-libre.pdf?1447767470=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPatterns_and_scales_of_connectivity_Temp.pdf\u0026Expires=1740144557\u0026Signature=R-rewBSZkbtoHIYYWFq2vU6Ncff6qxaN0oXScA0IkEFMU3ekPgzCa1ch8uZkfS-1wPOAlnHakV2lrEUz3O-6ASUv8NjAxWPLE7IxczSD3aD-I455HDPIc-hIUFEqFP~b48BxtpKjgdJJFM1-tS1SZnBNM3iDNxU8wq5VEhtVaTfAENXA1Zh6ko0HdlzS~fQKGwKfzouTSPEmWzkCseGrh4tOWXlYEIouIMV5DKv5k4UwMMYt3rldnXvo7ca5zN7MRRvdhW74XtIE4l6iYDCKwnkql9DVJtWuetpW-lujxn5A8BGGfIdmxwtoADh7FDoksF~bFALAKVcaHinjy5v1Bw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40098964/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/40098964/mini_magick20190221-13715-hc9fva.png?1550816232"}],"downloadable_attachments_with_full_thumbnails":[{"id":40098964,"asset_id":11928594,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/40098964/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/40098964/Le_Corre_et_al._2015_Ecology-libre.pdf?1447767470=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPatterns_and_scales_of_connectivity_Temp.pdf\u0026Expires=1740144557\u0026Signature=R-rewBSZkbtoHIYYWFq2vU6Ncff6qxaN0oXScA0IkEFMU3ekPgzCa1ch8uZkfS-1wPOAlnHakV2lrEUz3O-6ASUv8NjAxWPLE7IxczSD3aD-I455HDPIc-hIUFEqFP~b48BxtpKjgdJJFM1-tS1SZnBNM3iDNxU8wq5VEhtVaTfAENXA1Zh6ko0HdlzS~fQKGwKfzouTSPEmWzkCseGrh4tOWXlYEIouIMV5DKv5k4UwMMYt3rldnXvo7ca5zN7MRRvdhW74XtIE4l6iYDCKwnkql9DVJtWuetpW-lujxn5A8BGGfIdmxwtoADh7FDoksF~bFALAKVcaHinjy5v1Bw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40098964/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/40098964/mini_magick20190221-13715-hc9fva.png?1550816232"}],"has_pdf":true,"has_fulltext":true,"page_count":12,"ordered_authors":[{"id":5050225,"first_name":"Nicolas","last_name":"Le Corre","domain_name":"mun","page_name":"NicolasLeCorre","display_name":"Nicolas Le Corre","profile_url":"https://mun.academia.edu/NicolasLeCorre","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5050225/2200303/14705805/s65_nicolas.le_corre.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4035,"name":"Marine Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Ecology","nofollow":true},{"id":72911,"name":"Marine Mussels","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Mussels","nofollow":true},{"id":91135,"name":"Population Connectivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Population_Connectivity","nofollow":true}],"publication_year":null,"publication_year_with_fallback":2015,"paper_rank":null,"all_time_views":90,"active_discussion":{}}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_27039649" data-work_id="27039649" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/27039649/Talk_about_Patterns_and_scales_of_connectivity_within_a_marine_metapopulation">Talk about Patterns and scales of connectivity within a marine metapopulation</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Patterns and scales of connectivity: Temporal stability and variation within a marine metapopulation.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/27039649" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="dfda5bfee28df3f3d72ef39ea4a062e6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{&quot;attachment_id&quot;:47294948,&quot;asset_id&quot;:27039649,&quot;asset_type&quot;:&quot;Work&quot;,&quot;always_allow_download&quot;:false,&quot;track&quot;:null,&quot;button_location&quot;:&quot;work_strip&quot;,&quot;source&quot;:null,&quot;hide_modal&quot;:null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47294948/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by&nbsp;<span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5050225" href="https://mun.academia.edu/NicolasLeCorre">Nicolas Le Corre</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5050225" type="text/json">{"id":5050225,"first_name":"Nicolas","last_name":"Le Corre","domain_name":"mun","page_name":"NicolasLeCorre","display_name":"Nicolas Le Corre","profile_url":"https://mun.academia.edu/NicolasLeCorre","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5050225/2200303/14705805/s65_nicolas.le_corre.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_27039649 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="27039649"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 27039649, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_27039649", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_27039649 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27039649; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_27039649"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_27039649 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="27039649"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27039649; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27039649]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_27039649").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_27039649").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_30738846" data-work_id="30738846" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30738846/La_consid%C3%A9ration_des_populations_autochtones_dans_l_%C3%A9laboration_et_l_acceptation_des_politiques_environnementales_au_Canada_Consideration_of_indigeneous_communities_in_Environmental_Impact_Evaluation">La considération des populations autochtones dans l’élaboration et l’acceptation des politiques environnementales au Canada. Consideration of indigeneous communities in Environmental Impact Evaluation</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Résumé Au Canada, les communautés autochtones sont soumises à des lois différentes de la population euroCanadienne par les différents gouvernements provinciaux et fédéraux. Dans cette étude bibliographique, je m’intéresse à la façon dont... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_30738846" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Résumé<br />Au Canada, les communautés autochtones sont soumises à des lois différentes de la population euroCanadienne par les différents gouvernements provinciaux et fédéraux. Dans cette étude bibliographique, je m’intéresse à la façon dont une communauté autochtone, la Nation Innu, a été considérée dans les dossiers de la gestion de la chasse aux caribous/Atîkus et de la construction du complexe hydroélectrique de Lower Churchill sur les territoires ancestraux Innus dans la province de Terre-Neuve et Labrador. Je décris les points de vue de chaque partie et traite de la façon dont les gouvernements ont consulté les communautés autochtones, ainsi que le comportement de ces dernières par rapport aux décisions qui ont été prises dans ces deux dossiers. Basé sur les concepts développés dans le Master SSEnTS, j’analyse les points forts et les points faibles de l’approche gouvernementale, et les conséquences de ces politiques occidentales pour les communautés autochtones.<br /><br />Summary<br />In Canada, indigenous communities are subject to provincial and federal governments to different laws than the Euro-Canadian population. In this review of literature, I am interested in how an indigenous community, Innu Nation, is considered in the management of Caribou hunting and in Lower Churchill Hydroelectric Generation Project in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador within the traditional territory of Innu Nation. I describe the points of view of the different parties involved and discuss the way governments have consulted with indigenous communities, and how it affects the behaviour of Innu people with respect to the decisions taken in these two cases. Based on concepts developed in the Master SSEnTS, I analyze strengths and gaps in the governmental approach, and the consequences of occidental politics for the indigenous communities.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/30738846" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="063c1141666778f9645424cbe6a612b2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{&quot;attachment_id&quot;:51184294,&quot;asset_id&quot;:30738846,&quot;asset_type&quot;:&quot;Work&quot;,&quot;always_allow_download&quot;:false,&quot;track&quot;:null,&quot;button_location&quot;:&quot;work_strip&quot;,&quot;source&quot;:null,&quot;hide_modal&quot;:null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/51184294/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by&nbsp;<span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5050225" href="https://mun.academia.edu/NicolasLeCorre">Nicolas Le Corre</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5050225" type="text/json">{"id":5050225,"first_name":"Nicolas","last_name":"Le Corre","domain_name":"mun","page_name":"NicolasLeCorre","display_name":"Nicolas Le Corre","profile_url":"https://mun.academia.edu/NicolasLeCorre","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5050225/2200303/14705805/s65_nicolas.le_corre.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_30738846 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="30738846"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 30738846, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_30738846", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_30738846 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 30738846; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_30738846"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_30738846 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="30738846"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 30738846; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=30738846]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_30738846").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_30738846").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="30738846"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1237" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Sciences">Social Sciences</a>,&nbsp;<script data-card-contents-for-ri="1237" type="text/json">{"id":1237,"name":"Social Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Sciences","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7609" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Management">Environmental Management</a>,&nbsp;<script data-card-contents-for-ri="7609" type="text/json">{"id":7609,"name":"Environmental Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Management","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="18845" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sustainability">Environmental Sustainability</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="18845" type="text/json">{"id":18845,"name":"Environmental Sustainability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sustainability","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=30738846]'), work: {"id":30738846,"title":"La considération des populations autochtones dans l’élaboration et l’acceptation des politiques environnementales au Canada. Consideration of indigeneous communities in Environmental Impact Evaluation","created_at":"2017-01-04T09:26:49.883-08:00","owner_id":5050225,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/30738846/La_consid%C3%A9ration_des_populations_autochtones_dans_l_%C3%A9laboration_et_l_acceptation_des_politiques_environnementales_au_Canada_Consideration_of_indigeneous_communities_in_Environmental_Impact_Evaluation","slug":"La_considération_des_populations_autochtones_dans_l_élaboration_et_l_acceptation_des_politiques_environnementales_au_Canada_Consideration_of_indigeneous_communities_in_Environmental_Impact_Evaluation","dom_id":"work_30738846","summary":"Résumé\nAu Canada, les communautés autochtones sont soumises à des lois différentes de la population euroCanadienne par les différents gouvernements provinciaux et fédéraux. Dans cette étude bibliographique, je m’intéresse à la façon dont une communauté autochtone, la Nation Innu, a été considérée dans les dossiers de la gestion de la chasse aux caribous/Atîkus et de la construction du complexe hydroélectrique de Lower Churchill sur les territoires ancestraux Innus dans la province de Terre-Neuve et Labrador. Je décris les points de vue de chaque partie et traite de la façon dont les gouvernements ont consulté les communautés autochtones, ainsi que le comportement de ces dernières par rapport aux décisions qui ont été prises dans ces deux dossiers. Basé sur les concepts développés dans le Master SSEnTS, j’analyse les points forts et les points faibles de l’approche gouvernementale, et les conséquences de ces politiques occidentales pour les communautés autochtones.\n\nSummary\nIn Canada, indigenous communities are subject to provincial and federal governments to different laws than the Euro-Canadian population. In this review of literature, I am interested in how an indigenous community, Innu Nation, is considered in the management of Caribou hunting and in Lower Churchill Hydroelectric Generation Project in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador within the traditional territory of Innu Nation. I describe the points of view of the different parties involved and discuss the way governments have consulted with indigenous communities, and how it affects the behaviour of Innu people with respect to the decisions taken in these two cases. Based on concepts developed in the Master SSEnTS, I analyze strengths and gaps in the governmental approach, and the consequences of occidental politics for the indigenous communities.\n","publication":null,"publication_with_fallback":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":51184294,"asset_id":30738846,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/51184294/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/51184294/NLeCorre_Memoire_stage__Nov_2016-libre.pdf?1483551389=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLa_consideration_des_populations_autocht.pdf\u0026Expires=1740136274\u0026Signature=La6rTcSzQIBGs5Y5bxMC7KI78av3PlfR~05Q2mDOFmWgW1rr0JzT6DE~aSqyrKgSclEBrqhXg23JnKYl-ZkDTpZuW4EFNJjoWw-psFtOA7HQ3XzwyQSKpTS9QRdod-xZAAe0ucxbQoxALHe~Xy87csn6P4X0iNKeyhbsZbs0O3nUGNISKIO44nf3lePkWeA37yG1M8EaGLP8V48A3KQyvjSi2VXKcPu9xHc1CsD0YyF6pkJlcvH7JuO5ck-yNjMuY4FwiMoU2fuxbsw8NuSN89zNxXsphri-eGmnVRfXErENhR6XFp3ZEbT5a2PDB-UCK2EvgKfIItoWl2QhkRbChg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/51184294/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/51184294/mini_magick20190126-1470-10y4t5j.png?1548506064"}],"downloadable_attachments_with_full_thumbnails":[{"id":51184294,"asset_id":30738846,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/51184294/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/51184294/NLeCorre_Memoire_stage__Nov_2016-libre.pdf?1483551389=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLa_consideration_des_populations_autocht.pdf\u0026Expires=1740136274\u0026Signature=La6rTcSzQIBGs5Y5bxMC7KI78av3PlfR~05Q2mDOFmWgW1rr0JzT6DE~aSqyrKgSclEBrqhXg23JnKYl-ZkDTpZuW4EFNJjoWw-psFtOA7HQ3XzwyQSKpTS9QRdod-xZAAe0ucxbQoxALHe~Xy87csn6P4X0iNKeyhbsZbs0O3nUGNISKIO44nf3lePkWeA37yG1M8EaGLP8V48A3KQyvjSi2VXKcPu9xHc1CsD0YyF6pkJlcvH7JuO5ck-yNjMuY4FwiMoU2fuxbsw8NuSN89zNxXsphri-eGmnVRfXErENhR6XFp3ZEbT5a2PDB-UCK2EvgKfIItoWl2QhkRbChg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/51184294/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/51184294/mini_magick20190126-1470-10y4t5j.png?1548506064"}],"has_pdf":true,"has_fulltext":true,"page_count":62,"ordered_authors":[{"id":5050225,"first_name":"Nicolas","last_name":"Le Corre","domain_name":"mun","page_name":"NicolasLeCorre","display_name":"Nicolas Le Corre","profile_url":"https://mun.academia.edu/NicolasLeCorre","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5050225/2200303/14705805/s65_nicolas.le_corre.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1237,"name":"Social Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Sciences","nofollow":true},{"id":7609,"name":"Environmental Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Management","nofollow":true},{"id":18845,"name":"Environmental Sustainability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sustainability","nofollow":true}],"publication_year":null,"publication_year_with_fallback":null,"paper_rank":null,"all_time_views":122,"active_discussion":{}}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_47088872" data-work_id="47088872" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/47088872/Larval_connectivity_of_northern_shrimp_Pandalus_borealis_in_the_Northwest_Atlantic">Larval connectivity of northern shrimp (Pandalus borealis) in the Northwest Atlantic</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Northern shrimp (Pandalus borealis) represents one of the most important fisheries in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean, but few studies have considered connectivity among different management units (i.e., stocks). Using a biophysical model,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_47088872" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Northern shrimp (Pandalus borealis) represents one of the most important fisheries in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean, but few studies have considered connectivity among different management units (i.e., stocks). Using a biophysical model, we investigated potential larval dispersal among North Atlantic Fisheries Organization (NAFO) divisions and its interannual variability during the long pelagic larval phase of P. borealis (∼3 months). Overall, we found a largely stable, stream-like larval connectivity system driven by the main currents that flow over both the Greenland and Canadian continental shelves, with a relatively low but consistent exchange of larvae between Greenland and Canada across the Baffin Island continental shelf. We observed highest potential settlement densities on the northwestern Greenland and Newfoundland shelves, representing retention areas that correspond to highest abundances of adult shrimp. Intermittent and variable larval exchanges of lower magnitude also o...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/47088872" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="80f5a984dbbb63fce96c21c64d9a1fd5" rel="nofollow" data-download="{&quot;attachment_id&quot;:66368350,&quot;asset_id&quot;:47088872,&quot;asset_type&quot;:&quot;Work&quot;,&quot;always_allow_download&quot;:false,&quot;track&quot;:null,&quot;button_location&quot;:&quot;work_strip&quot;,&quot;source&quot;:null,&quot;hide_modal&quot;:null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66368350/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by&nbsp;<span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5050225" href="https://mun.academia.edu/NicolasLeCorre">Nicolas Le Corre</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5050225" type="text/json">{"id":5050225,"first_name":"Nicolas","last_name":"Le Corre","domain_name":"mun","page_name":"NicolasLeCorre","display_name":"Nicolas Le Corre","profile_url":"https://mun.academia.edu/NicolasLeCorre","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5050225/2200303/14705805/s65_nicolas.le_corre.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_47088872 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="47088872"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 47088872, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_47088872", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_47088872 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 47088872; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_47088872"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_47088872 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="47088872"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 47088872; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=47088872]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_47088872").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_47088872").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="47088872"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="173" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology">Zoology</a>,&nbsp;<script data-card-contents-for-ri="173" type="text/json">{"id":173,"name":"Zoology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9846" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology">Ecology</a>,&nbsp;<script data-card-contents-for-ri="9846" type="text/json">{"id":9846,"name":"Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="170652" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fisheries_Sciences">Fisheries Sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="170652" type="text/json">{"id":170652,"name":"Fisheries Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fisheries_Sciences","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=47088872]'), work: {"id":47088872,"title":"Larval connectivity of northern shrimp (Pandalus borealis) in the Northwest Atlantic","created_at":"2021-04-20T18:19:58.303-07:00","owner_id":5050225,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/47088872/Larval_connectivity_of_northern_shrimp_Pandalus_borealis_in_the_Northwest_Atlantic","slug":"Larval_connectivity_of_northern_shrimp_Pandalus_borealis_in_the_Northwest_Atlantic","dom_id":"work_47088872","summary":"Northern shrimp (Pandalus borealis) represents one of the most important fisheries in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean, but few studies have considered connectivity among different management units (i.e., stocks). Using a biophysical model, we investigated potential larval dispersal among North Atlantic Fisheries Organization (NAFO) divisions and its interannual variability during the long pelagic larval phase of P. borealis (∼3 months). Overall, we found a largely stable, stream-like larval connectivity system driven by the main currents that flow over both the Greenland and Canadian continental shelves, with a relatively low but consistent exchange of larvae between Greenland and Canada across the Baffin Island continental shelf. We observed highest potential settlement densities on the northwestern Greenland and Newfoundland shelves, representing retention areas that correspond to highest abundances of adult shrimp. Intermittent and variable larval exchanges of lower magnitude also o...","publication":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","publication_with_fallback":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":66368350,"asset_id":47088872,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/66368350/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/66368350/cjfas-2019-0454-libre.pdf?1618977760=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLarval_connectivity_of_northern_shrimp_P.pdf\u0026Expires=1740144557\u0026Signature=B0sB7HagWV5WZkpS3J0lTpzKr4LLZVzqJUoka0Lv6yl1MNX3NopgrYP3U2YJso25f2Ds9BAoI4OKEqQpCsKf9IXdwU2EF26bhWxnqiE-5laPpwQ7kTZpQ5g92VmHVtZRyO7gf0Y9JeRlL3DrqtINQZ3eT1H2l4fRrnn-SYalyA39uh40R6XbSk2xj15Zx1Tg4L6j5WydPhAbLjL2J~GyMu4ryyQhtNHibuj-P95LZWIxZD3FyeoJznaT4Ol0yTk8X2CVsdETM-rwt~4kdimzzuxP0jZlp4n9mvjaRRwo2HfMbPa0El2xyJyxFJUg3KGczfOvK-kcG6ivYQDkctvXIw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66368350/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/66368350/mini_magick20210420-18814-16f76fj.png?1618976050"}],"downloadable_attachments_with_full_thumbnails":[{"id":66368350,"asset_id":47088872,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/66368350/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/66368350/cjfas-2019-0454-libre.pdf?1618977760=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLarval_connectivity_of_northern_shrimp_P.pdf\u0026Expires=1740144557\u0026Signature=B0sB7HagWV5WZkpS3J0lTpzKr4LLZVzqJUoka0Lv6yl1MNX3NopgrYP3U2YJso25f2Ds9BAoI4OKEqQpCsKf9IXdwU2EF26bhWxnqiE-5laPpwQ7kTZpQ5g92VmHVtZRyO7gf0Y9JeRlL3DrqtINQZ3eT1H2l4fRrnn-SYalyA39uh40R6XbSk2xj15Zx1Tg4L6j5WydPhAbLjL2J~GyMu4ryyQhtNHibuj-P95LZWIxZD3FyeoJznaT4Ol0yTk8X2CVsdETM-rwt~4kdimzzuxP0jZlp4n9mvjaRRwo2HfMbPa0El2xyJyxFJUg3KGczfOvK-kcG6ivYQDkctvXIw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66368350/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk1Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/66368350/mini_magick20210420-18814-16f76fj.png?1618976050"}],"has_pdf":true,"has_fulltext":true,"page_count":16,"ordered_authors":[{"id":5050225,"first_name":"Nicolas","last_name":"Le Corre","domain_name":"mun","page_name":"NicolasLeCorre","display_name":"Nicolas Le Corre","profile_url":"https://mun.academia.edu/NicolasLeCorre","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5050225/2200303/14705805/s65_nicolas.le_corre.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":173,"name":"Zoology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology","nofollow":true},{"id":9846,"name":"Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology","nofollow":true},{"id":170652,"name":"Fisheries Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fisheries_Sciences","nofollow":true}],"publication_year":null,"publication_year_with_fallback":null,"paper_rank":null,"all_time_views":5,"active_discussion":{}}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_47089186" data-work_id="47089186" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/47089186/Larval_connectivity_of_northern_shrimp_Pandalus_borealis_in_the_Northwest_Atlantic">Larval connectivity of northern shrimp (Pandalus borealis) in the Northwest Atlantic</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Northern shrimp (Pandalus borealis) represents one of the most important fisheries in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean, but few studies have considered connectivity among different management units (i.e., stocks). Using a biophysical model,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_47089186" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Northern shrimp (Pandalus borealis) represents one of the most important fisheries in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean, but few studies have considered connectivity among different management units (i.e., stocks). Using a biophysical model, we investigated potential larval dispersal among North Atlantic Fisheries Organization (NAFO) divisions and its interannual variability during the long pelagic larval phase of P. borealis (∼3 months). Overall, we found a largely stable, stream-like larval connectivity system driven by the main currents that flow over both the Greenland and Canadian continental shelves, with a relatively low but consistent exchange of larvae between Greenland and Canada across the Baffin Island continental shelf. We observed highest potential settlement densities on the northwestern Greenland and Newfoundland shelves, representing retention areas that correspond to highest abundances of adult shrimp. Intermittent and variable larval exchanges of lower magnitude also o...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/47089186" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a3952ecdc962bc4e757ab1aff1be38a6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{&quot;attachment_id&quot;:66368470,&quot;asset_id&quot;:47089186,&quot;asset_type&quot;:&quot;Work&quot;,&quot;always_allow_download&quot;:false,&quot;track&quot;:null,&quot;button_location&quot;:&quot;work_strip&quot;,&quot;source&quot;:null,&quot;hide_modal&quot;:null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66368470/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by&nbsp;<span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5050225" href="https://mun.academia.edu/NicolasLeCorre">Nicolas Le Corre</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5050225" type="text/json">{"id":5050225,"first_name":"Nicolas","last_name":"Le Corre","domain_name":"mun","page_name":"NicolasLeCorre","display_name":"Nicolas Le Corre","profile_url":"https://mun.academia.edu/NicolasLeCorre","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5050225/2200303/14705805/s65_nicolas.le_corre.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_47089186 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="47089186"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 47089186, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_47089186", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_47089186 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 47089186; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_47089186"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_47089186 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="47089186"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 47089186; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=47089186]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_47089186").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_47089186").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="47089186"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="173" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology">Zoology</a>,&nbsp;<script data-card-contents-for-ri="173" type="text/json">{"id":173,"name":"Zoology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9846" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology">Ecology</a>,&nbsp;<script data-card-contents-for-ri="9846" type="text/json">{"id":9846,"name":"Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="170652" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fisheries_Sciences">Fisheries Sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="170652" type="text/json">{"id":170652,"name":"Fisheries Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fisheries_Sciences","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=47089186]'), work: {"id":47089186,"title":"Larval connectivity of northern shrimp (Pandalus borealis) in the Northwest Atlantic","created_at":"2021-04-20T18:20:56.419-07:00","owner_id":5050225,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/47089186/Larval_connectivity_of_northern_shrimp_Pandalus_borealis_in_the_Northwest_Atlantic","slug":"Larval_connectivity_of_northern_shrimp_Pandalus_borealis_in_the_Northwest_Atlantic","dom_id":"work_47089186","summary":"Northern shrimp (Pandalus borealis) represents one of the most important fisheries in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean, but few studies have considered connectivity among different management units (i.e., stocks). Using a biophysical model, we investigated potential larval dispersal among North Atlantic Fisheries Organization (NAFO) divisions and its interannual variability during the long pelagic larval phase of P. borealis (∼3 months). Overall, we found a largely stable, stream-like larval connectivity system driven by the main currents that flow over both the Greenland and Canadian continental shelves, with a relatively low but consistent exchange of larvae between Greenland and Canada across the Baffin Island continental shelf. We observed highest potential settlement densities on the northwestern Greenland and Newfoundland shelves, representing retention areas that correspond to highest abundances of adult shrimp. Intermittent and variable larval exchanges of lower magnitude also o...","publication":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","publication_with_fallback":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":66368470,"asset_id":47089186,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/66368470/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/66368470/cjfas-2019-0454-libre.pdf?1618977747=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLarval_connectivity_of_northern_shrimp_P.pdf\u0026Expires=1740144557\u0026Signature=TPhp0P7knYXeHsa-ixMQMki4lZYRsVNp7OE6xAlPT-HrYBgpwabxUPGe0Uit6vFBgp02A9iOJNXPQGG2QTsWYPOlsZEZYogUUerRHDOxfN3jOorpUW-Q9hupb4WEUAfR0tzmWIyJ8Ox0t5E8j3x5r9e3XLuxrNwi4wpb9M9wVIHD06A3xmdm8L7oYBHw6B1BAmf3m0Bb7dXkMrHsszGZGpzPpStTVCfzmYTg0Dpx-bFVBG1g-9o1s1Q-Mxr4Pc1xXl67M1RS0KIKsvB616Mnxvq1WaQzbnZfyg2WMzrTzej-PkimsYb9nnn~pstGyYtE2bGoFgCMBlMeg3MEqM2f1w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66368470/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/66368470/mini_magick20210420-1788-1n6ctvo.png?1618976029"}],"downloadable_attachments_with_full_thumbnails":[{"id":66368470,"asset_id":47089186,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/66368470/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/66368470/cjfas-2019-0454-libre.pdf?1618977747=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLarval_connectivity_of_northern_shrimp_P.pdf\u0026Expires=1740144558\u0026Signature=KVaZzTzgvVE0caRzDIMk5d-d77puYwmCkvmGg7PLdIOmSQJOyKE5~FB9HiH745QPEVGtFe2DZHt3UBJZaE~j9oWSO7TmmL2DgaCrVNZtjkxBvDbMTSYgPCAsllVaw4CwSsjmPT6KcbUGKAriTkLSaw63IIy4gW~1WwhHeLtKQdBXP0zrdyJRHVGHiz6iwB5mlZfqTtmQn7d6hLbwLupIMeFUDXOeNjZs8o78CPMRALlVBrLWyrcWOvgoKnoNx~Ml0siB~lPNSD-vI902H79g7xPfmtIVoD9DrImV2KQ9EkNQQ0hcx30wnWa92YdpjpeoaBshxB0-2bnNbdCgTdbfHA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66368470/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/66368470/mini_magick20210420-1788-1n6ctvo.png?1618976029"}],"has_pdf":true,"has_fulltext":true,"page_count":16,"ordered_authors":[{"id":5050225,"first_name":"Nicolas","last_name":"Le Corre","domain_name":"mun","page_name":"NicolasLeCorre","display_name":"Nicolas Le Corre","profile_url":"https://mun.academia.edu/NicolasLeCorre","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5050225/2200303/14705805/s65_nicolas.le_corre.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":173,"name":"Zoology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology","nofollow":true},{"id":9846,"name":"Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology","nofollow":true},{"id":170652,"name":"Fisheries Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fisheries_Sciences","nofollow":true}],"publication_year":null,"publication_year_with_fallback":null,"paper_rank":null,"all_time_views":5,"active_discussion":{}}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_71534831" data-work_id="71534831" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/71534831/Connectivity_Of_Bentho_Pelagic_Species_Among_Significant_Benthic_Areas_Off_Newfoundland_And_Labrador">Connectivity Of Bentho-Pelagic Species Among Significant Benthic Areas Off Newfoundland And Labrador</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Poster presentation at ATLAS 3rd General Assembly. Canada is currently working on establishing networks of marine protected areas based on a variety of conservation objectives for a broad range of taxa with contrasting life history... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_71534831" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Poster presentation at ATLAS 3rd General Assembly. Canada is currently working on establishing networks of marine protected areas based on a variety of conservation objectives for a broad range of taxa with contrasting life history characteristics. This study focused on the connectivity of species of cold-water corals among Significant Benthic Areas (SBAs) off Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. Deep-sea benthic invertebrates could provide a test case for effective MPA networks because of the importance of their larval phase in ensuring colonization, recruitment, and connectivity. We evaluated the scale of potential larval dispersal of several dominant coral species with a significant pelagic larval phase by using an ice-ocean circulation model with a biophysical particle-tracking model. Our simulations show that coral larvae from populations located on the shelf edge may travel several hundreds of kilometres prior to settlement, driven by the strong Labrador Current. A smaller range...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/71534831" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c2179c781f96c3dde170c040fdd507bb" rel="nofollow" data-download="{&quot;attachment_id&quot;:80835767,&quot;asset_id&quot;:71534831,&quot;asset_type&quot;:&quot;Work&quot;,&quot;always_allow_download&quot;:false,&quot;track&quot;:null,&quot;button_location&quot;:&quot;work_strip&quot;,&quot;source&quot;:null,&quot;hide_modal&quot;:null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80835767/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by&nbsp;<span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5050225" href="https://mun.academia.edu/NicolasLeCorre">Nicolas Le Corre</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5050225" type="text/json">{"id":5050225,"first_name":"Nicolas","last_name":"Le Corre","domain_name":"mun","page_name":"NicolasLeCorre","display_name":"Nicolas Le Corre","profile_url":"https://mun.academia.edu/NicolasLeCorre","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5050225/2200303/14705805/s65_nicolas.le_corre.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_71534831 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="71534831"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 71534831, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_71534831", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_71534831 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 71534831; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_71534831"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_71534831 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="71534831"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 71534831; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=71534831]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_71534831").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_71534831").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_71534943" data-work_id="71534943" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/71534943/Variabilit%C3%A9_de_la_connectivit%C3%A9_et_du_recrutement_au_sein_dune_m%C3%A9tapopulation_marine">Variabilité de la connectivité et du recrutement au sein d&#39;une métapopulation marine</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">La connectivite des populations marines est un element majeur de la demographie des metapopulations, car elle constitue le lien entre les sous-populations. Chez les invertebres marins ayant un cycle vital bentho-pelagique, la connectivite... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_71534943" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">La connectivite des populations marines est un element majeur de la demographie des metapopulations, car elle constitue le lien entre les sous-populations. Chez les invertebres marins ayant un cycle vital bentho-pelagique, la connectivite se produit au cours de la dissemination larvaire, laquelle est principalement dirigee par les courants marins. L’objectif principal de cette etude est de mettre en evidence la variabilite de la connectivite dans les metapopulations marines, et particulierement pour les populations de Mytilus spp. dans l’estuaire maritime du Saint-Laurent. L’objectif secondaire consiste a analyser les variations spatiotemporelles de la colonisation et du recrutement dans ce systeme, car ils representent des processus essentiels de la connectivite. (1) Les differentes methodes pour mesurer la connectivite et sa variabilite sont exposees, ainsi que leur applicabilite dans differents systemes. Apres avoir decrit les principaux facteurs influencant la connectivite, les ...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/71534943" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f294f7a3e3368acd5e77a8f3a95762eb" rel="nofollow" data-download="{&quot;attachment_id&quot;:80835866,&quot;asset_id&quot;:71534943,&quot;asset_type&quot;:&quot;Work&quot;,&quot;always_allow_download&quot;:false,&quot;track&quot;:null,&quot;button_location&quot;:&quot;work_strip&quot;,&quot;source&quot;:null,&quot;hide_modal&quot;:null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80835866/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by&nbsp;<span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5050225" href="https://mun.academia.edu/NicolasLeCorre">Nicolas Le Corre</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5050225" type="text/json">{"id":5050225,"first_name":"Nicolas","last_name":"Le Corre","domain_name":"mun","page_name":"NicolasLeCorre","display_name":"Nicolas Le Corre","profile_url":"https://mun.academia.edu/NicolasLeCorre","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5050225/2200303/14705805/s65_nicolas.le_corre.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_71534943 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="71534943"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 71534943, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_71534943", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_71534943 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 71534943; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_71534943"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_71534943 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="71534943"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 71534943; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=71534943]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_71534943").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_71534943").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="71534943"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="261" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geography">Geography</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="261" type="text/json">{"id":261,"name":"Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geography","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=71534943]'), work: {"id":71534943,"title":"Variabilité de la connectivité et du recrutement au sein d'une métapopulation marine","created_at":"2022-02-14T12:08:49.217-08:00","owner_id":5050225,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/71534943/Variabilit%C3%A9_de_la_connectivit%C3%A9_et_du_recrutement_au_sein_dune_m%C3%A9tapopulation_marine","slug":"Variabilité_de_la_connectivité_et_du_recrutement_au_sein_dune_métapopulation_marine","dom_id":"work_71534943","summary":"La connectivite des populations marines est un element majeur de la demographie des metapopulations, car elle constitue le lien entre les sous-populations. Chez les invertebres marins ayant un cycle vital bentho-pelagique, la connectivite se produit au cours de la dissemination larvaire, laquelle est principalement dirigee par les courants marins. L’objectif principal de cette etude est de mettre en evidence la variabilite de la connectivite dans les metapopulations marines, et particulierement pour les populations de Mytilus spp. dans l’estuaire maritime du Saint-Laurent. L’objectif secondaire consiste a analyser les variations spatiotemporelles de la colonisation et du recrutement dans ce systeme, car ils representent des processus essentiels de la connectivite. (1) Les differentes methodes pour mesurer la connectivite et sa variabilite sont exposees, ainsi que leur applicabilite dans differents systemes. Apres avoir decrit les principaux facteurs influencant la connectivite, les ...","publication":null,"publication_with_fallback":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":80835866,"asset_id":71534943,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/80835866/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/80835866/29881-libre.pdf?1644870036=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DVariabilite_de_la_connectivite_et_du_rec.pdf\u0026Expires=1740144558\u0026Signature=TEKdscIi6vbAUUTtb9QHnhaWLiY3yTlbXdAgv9bVcPgSiZrYjihBSIlpQKm5Lw-xXYl17jHOb6RfDb08fhcNO5zy8VZ6tILTVHUaqc0DwJSt8g6NTl36dsmaUpNLKExNuQdlKPhR7LsYhBDGNhfFdDpTV20nayG-XX7UZ0FHdns1mCNuK9PLcVxDfdV-IBrUs2qzSSvVN8lZocl1LODz4n44oA7M7j1czZIuTIO-zxzsYZD6iEwXwszDDjzbiIuJAQm-T-NDkSFM92vakIW8b~zVZ11hui~0xmdFiE5KJrpgN8HTLhK9UPqv53mhtf3k6qvAY9Cxj6v4tnO-yYbCOQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80835866/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/80835866/mini_magick20240803-1-mesndq.png?1722693679"}],"downloadable_attachments_with_full_thumbnails":[{"id":80835866,"asset_id":71534943,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/80835866/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/80835866/29881-libre.pdf?1644870036=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DVariabilite_de_la_connectivite_et_du_rec.pdf\u0026Expires=1740144558\u0026Signature=TEKdscIi6vbAUUTtb9QHnhaWLiY3yTlbXdAgv9bVcPgSiZrYjihBSIlpQKm5Lw-xXYl17jHOb6RfDb08fhcNO5zy8VZ6tILTVHUaqc0DwJSt8g6NTl36dsmaUpNLKExNuQdlKPhR7LsYhBDGNhfFdDpTV20nayG-XX7UZ0FHdns1mCNuK9PLcVxDfdV-IBrUs2qzSSvVN8lZocl1LODz4n44oA7M7j1czZIuTIO-zxzsYZD6iEwXwszDDjzbiIuJAQm-T-NDkSFM92vakIW8b~zVZ11hui~0xmdFiE5KJrpgN8HTLhK9UPqv53mhtf3k6qvAY9Cxj6v4tnO-yYbCOQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80835866/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/80835866/mini_magick20240803-1-mesndq.png?1722693679"}],"has_pdf":true,"has_fulltext":true,"page_count":155,"ordered_authors":[{"id":5050225,"first_name":"Nicolas","last_name":"Le Corre","domain_name":"mun","page_name":"NicolasLeCorre","display_name":"Nicolas Le Corre","profile_url":"https://mun.academia.edu/NicolasLeCorre","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5050225/2200303/14705805/s65_nicolas.le_corre.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":261,"name":"Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geography","nofollow":true}],"publication_year":2013,"publication_year_with_fallback":2013,"paper_rank":null,"all_time_views":2,"active_discussion":{}}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_76168270" data-work_id="76168270" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/76168270/Connectivity_as_a_Management_Tool_for_Coastal_Ecosystems_in_Changing_Oceans">Connectivity as a Management Tool for Coastal Ecosystems in Changing Oceans</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/76168270" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a3910e06086b7c6b628114803e5cb8b3" rel="nofollow" data-download="{&quot;attachment_id&quot;:84001816,&quot;asset_id&quot;:76168270,&quot;asset_type&quot;:&quot;Work&quot;,&quot;always_allow_download&quot;:false,&quot;track&quot;:null,&quot;button_location&quot;:&quot;work_strip&quot;,&quot;source&quot;:null,&quot;hide_modal&quot;:null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/84001816/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by&nbsp;<span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5050225" href="https://mun.academia.edu/NicolasLeCorre">Nicolas Le Corre</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5050225" type="text/json">{"id":5050225,"first_name":"Nicolas","last_name":"Le Corre","domain_name":"mun","page_name":"NicolasLeCorre","display_name":"Nicolas Le Corre","profile_url":"https://mun.academia.edu/NicolasLeCorre","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5050225/2200303/14705805/s65_nicolas.le_corre.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_76168270 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="76168270"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 76168270, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_76168270", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_76168270 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 76168270; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_76168270"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_76168270 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="76168270"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 76168270; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=76168270]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_76168270").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_76168270").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="76168270"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="158" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Biology">Marine Biology</a>,&nbsp;<script data-card-contents-for-ri="158" type="text/json">{"id":158,"name":"Marine Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Biology","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="402" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Science">Environmental Science</a>,&nbsp;<script data-card-contents-for-ri="402" type="text/json">{"id":402,"name":"Environmental Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Science","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="415" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oceanography">Oceanography</a>,&nbsp;<script data-card-contents-for-ri="415" type="text/json">{"id":415,"name":"Oceanography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oceanography","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4035" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Ecology">Marine Ecology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="4035" type="text/json">{"id":4035,"name":"Marine Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Ecology","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=76168270]'), work: {"id":76168270,"title":"Connectivity as a Management Tool for Coastal Ecosystems in Changing Oceans","created_at":"2022-04-11T17:54:35.087-07:00","owner_id":5050225,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/76168270/Connectivity_as_a_Management_Tool_for_Coastal_Ecosystems_in_Changing_Oceans","slug":"Connectivity_as_a_Management_Tool_for_Coastal_Ecosystems_in_Changing_Oceans","dom_id":"work_76168270","summary":null,"publication":"Oceanography","publication_with_fallback":"Oceanography","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":84001816,"asset_id":76168270,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/84001816/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/84001816/Connectivity_as_a_Management_Tool_for_Co20220412-1-117o0av.pdf?1738491649=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DConnectivity_as_a_Management_Tool_for_Co.pdf\u0026Expires=1739540528\u0026Signature=UoNnLIgfNVVVLzlKo7o2YiT8YEsd5wZK7slBFtiV3-nGmDSnRlMUqas4HU7sHPQ6qZbw-2yMcbbTa~oAxSrSJ30DfEwcoHPd1sCM02d5vTuKBgt6aWfAkigjb8pUre5sxb7zh1yiZQGSMuBg7HlT6cbadjdN7z9N4xLOE6uoO5coNphZMYGLjXyfsptL4Wm5g68itRrEwdoD334GO7uXnB7yEb~cU8ezGd53eP1M3WRV0UrjiMGRyXfSc6x6YavNeVGWiwEY1C2yynworxFZ7ghJOenjCZrzue3wTKzpQZ9YKbsWkEdmP~22x3gqGS3DGtNJwg1XRJ2lz1EXpNoklA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/84001816/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/84001816/mini_magick20220412-30481-1ycu7u1.png?1649806232"}],"downloadable_attachments_with_full_thumbnails":[{"id":84001816,"asset_id":76168270,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/84001816/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/84001816/Connectivity_as_a_Management_Tool_for_Co20220412-1-117o0av.pdf?1738491649=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DConnectivity_as_a_Management_Tool_for_Co.pdf\u0026Expires=1739540528\u0026Signature=UoNnLIgfNVVVLzlKo7o2YiT8YEsd5wZK7slBFtiV3-nGmDSnRlMUqas4HU7sHPQ6qZbw-2yMcbbTa~oAxSrSJ30DfEwcoHPd1sCM02d5vTuKBgt6aWfAkigjb8pUre5sxb7zh1yiZQGSMuBg7HlT6cbadjdN7z9N4xLOE6uoO5coNphZMYGLjXyfsptL4Wm5g68itRrEwdoD334GO7uXnB7yEb~cU8ezGd53eP1M3WRV0UrjiMGRyXfSc6x6YavNeVGWiwEY1C2yynworxFZ7ghJOenjCZrzue3wTKzpQZ9YKbsWkEdmP~22x3gqGS3DGtNJwg1XRJ2lz1EXpNoklA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/84001816/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/84001816/mini_magick20220412-30481-1ycu7u1.png?1649806232"}],"has_pdf":true,"has_fulltext":true,"page_count":24,"ordered_authors":[{"id":5050225,"first_name":"Nicolas","last_name":"Le Corre","domain_name":"mun","page_name":"NicolasLeCorre","display_name":"Nicolas Le Corre","profile_url":"https://mun.academia.edu/NicolasLeCorre","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5050225/2200303/14705805/s65_nicolas.le_corre.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":158,"name":"Marine Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Biology","nofollow":true},{"id":402,"name":"Environmental Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Science","nofollow":true},{"id":415,"name":"Oceanography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oceanography","nofollow":true},{"id":4035,"name":"Marine Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Ecology","nofollow":true},{"id":7805,"name":"Marine Conservation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Conservation"},{"id":9846,"name":"Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology"},{"id":17638,"name":"Benthic Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Benthic_Ecology"},{"id":111472,"name":"Marine benthos ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_benthos_ecology"}],"publication_year":2012,"publication_year_with_fallback":2012,"paper_rank":null,"all_time_views":3,"active_discussion":{}}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_96225804" data-work_id="96225804" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/96225804/Variation_in_recruitment_differentiating_the_roles_of_primary_and_secondary_settlement_of_blue_mussels_Mytilus_spp">Variation in recruitment: differentiating the roles of primary and secondary settlement of blue mussels Mytilus spp</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Recruitment has often been cited as a key factor regulating population abundance and community structure in benthic marine ecosystems, where the life cycle of many species includes a dispersive planktonic phase. Still, the patterns and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_96225804" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Recruitment has often been cited as a key factor regulating population abundance and community structure in benthic marine ecosystems, where the life cycle of many species includes a dispersive planktonic phase. Still, the patterns and causes of temporal heterogeneity in the recruitment process, from daily to annual scales, are poorly understood for most taxa. We conducted weekly (2008) and biweekly (i.e. every 2 wk; 2008−2009) assessments of settlement of the marine mussels Mytilus spp. in the St. Lawrence maritime estuary, and differentiated between primary (metamorphosis) and secondary (post-metamorphosis movements) settlers. At a biweekly temporal resolution, recruitment in 2008 occurred over a 2 mo period with a single peak in August. A more complex pattern of recruitment involving multiple peaks of primary and secondary settlement was, however, revealed at a weekly resolution. In 2009 the biweekly settlement rates were an order of magnitude lower, with again only a single peak. In both years, secondary settlement was observed throughout most of the season and contributed as much or more (50−81%) than primary settlement for several peaks. Based on prodissoconch II size and estimated larval growth rates, the mean planktonic larval duration was estimated to be 38 d, but may have ranged from 27 to 67 d depending on the actual growth rate. The importance of secondary settlement increased over time and was a major contributor to local recruitment dynamics. Variation in primary and secondary settlement as well as inter-annual variations could strongly affect estimates of recruitment rates, local dynamics and the spatial scales of connectivity among coastal populations, and thus our understanding of local population regulation and metapopulation dynamics.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/96225804" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1a3f4f4ae9f389b64d832364f815db57" rel="nofollow" data-download="{&quot;attachment_id&quot;:98183570,&quot;asset_id&quot;:96225804,&quot;asset_type&quot;:&quot;Work&quot;,&quot;always_allow_download&quot;:false,&quot;track&quot;:null,&quot;button_location&quot;:&quot;work_strip&quot;,&quot;source&quot;:null,&quot;hide_modal&quot;:null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/98183570/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by&nbsp;<span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5050225" href="https://mun.academia.edu/NicolasLeCorre">Nicolas Le Corre</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5050225" type="text/json">{"id":5050225,"first_name":"Nicolas","last_name":"Le Corre","domain_name":"mun","page_name":"NicolasLeCorre","display_name":"Nicolas Le Corre","profile_url":"https://mun.academia.edu/NicolasLeCorre","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5050225/2200303/14705805/s65_nicolas.le_corre.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_96225804 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="96225804"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 96225804, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_96225804", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_96225804 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96225804; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_96225804"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_96225804 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="96225804"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96225804; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=96225804]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_96225804").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_96225804").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="96225804"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="173" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology">Zoology</a>,&nbsp;<script data-card-contents-for-ri="173" type="text/json">{"id":173,"name":"Zoology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4035" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Ecology">Marine Ecology</a>,&nbsp;<script data-card-contents-for-ri="4035" type="text/json">{"id":4035,"name":"Marine Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Ecology","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7710" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology">Biology</a>,&nbsp;<script data-card-contents-for-ri="7710" type="text/json">{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9846" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology">Ecology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="9846" type="text/json">{"id":9846,"name":"Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=96225804]'), work: {"id":96225804,"title":"Variation in recruitment: differentiating the roles of primary and secondary settlement of blue mussels Mytilus spp","created_at":"2023-02-03T04:02:04.505-08:00","owner_id":5050225,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/96225804/Variation_in_recruitment_differentiating_the_roles_of_primary_and_secondary_settlement_of_blue_mussels_Mytilus_spp","slug":"Variation_in_recruitment_differentiating_the_roles_of_primary_and_secondary_settlement_of_blue_mussels_Mytilus_spp","dom_id":"work_96225804","summary":"Recruitment has often been cited as a key factor regulating population abundance and community structure in benthic marine ecosystems, where the life cycle of many species includes a dispersive planktonic phase. Still, the patterns and causes of temporal heterogeneity in the recruitment process, from daily to annual scales, are poorly understood for most taxa. We conducted weekly (2008) and biweekly (i.e. every 2 wk; 2008−2009) assessments of settlement of the marine mussels Mytilus spp. in the St. Lawrence maritime estuary, and differentiated between primary (metamorphosis) and secondary (post-metamorphosis movements) settlers. At a biweekly temporal resolution, recruitment in 2008 occurred over a 2 mo period with a single peak in August. A more complex pattern of recruitment involving multiple peaks of primary and secondary settlement was, however, revealed at a weekly resolution. In 2009 the biweekly settlement rates were an order of magnitude lower, with again only a single peak. In both years, secondary settlement was observed throughout most of the season and contributed as much or more (50−81%) than primary settlement for several peaks. Based on prodissoconch II size and estimated larval growth rates, the mean planktonic larval duration was estimated to be 38 d, but may have ranged from 27 to 67 d depending on the actual growth rate. The importance of secondary settlement increased over time and was a major contributor to local recruitment dynamics. Variation in primary and secondary settlement as well as inter-annual variations could strongly affect estimates of recruitment rates, local dynamics and the spatial scales of connectivity among coastal populations, and thus our understanding of local population regulation and metapopulation dynamics.","publication":"Marine Ecology Progress Series","publication_with_fallback":"Marine Ecology Progress Series","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":98183570,"asset_id":96225804,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/98183570/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/98183570/m481p133-libre.pdf?1675427754=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DVariation_in_recruitment_differentiating.pdf\u0026Expires=1740144558\u0026Signature=Gssc6Urr5C~YNcYW3836euLZIFZqGww3W0Eik9cKp78t9op7RWeITJ5IxlF38gjC78~Gl1ElZmiQrnNxsvxWumJhZVokk3s6UvUZ~6JXBgG84DX0wDMqpPjeb8FPCCw8XkzUDzOzt77f2~~W~bE~Txw8YEQYrMignOPpoxSa597Eg1xjKTG5YJl20qlKi0or85cnxwzBe2ydj-hdQ8iL0Ln59n~eULMqBAh2Y3o7BnXPZp6hH3zO3rRmJD3POeKnh7fzWFiqJ0IZR~Z5ImbGH0xXcsk4mwpcqepoXw5eO~gG9LOujVS4MK82TfVy8FBdeCvS~hUXBXFCIKZimSBGVg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/98183570/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/98183570/mini_magick20230203-1-2psrd7.png?1675425766"}],"downloadable_attachments_with_full_thumbnails":[{"id":98183570,"asset_id":96225804,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/98183570/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/98183570/m481p133-libre.pdf?1675427754=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DVariation_in_recruitment_differentiating.pdf\u0026Expires=1740144558\u0026Signature=Gssc6Urr5C~YNcYW3836euLZIFZqGww3W0Eik9cKp78t9op7RWeITJ5IxlF38gjC78~Gl1ElZmiQrnNxsvxWumJhZVokk3s6UvUZ~6JXBgG84DX0wDMqpPjeb8FPCCw8XkzUDzOzt77f2~~W~bE~Txw8YEQYrMignOPpoxSa597Eg1xjKTG5YJl20qlKi0or85cnxwzBe2ydj-hdQ8iL0Ln59n~eULMqBAh2Y3o7BnXPZp6hH3zO3rRmJD3POeKnh7fzWFiqJ0IZR~Z5ImbGH0xXcsk4mwpcqepoXw5eO~gG9LOujVS4MK82TfVy8FBdeCvS~hUXBXFCIKZimSBGVg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/98183570/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/98183570/mini_magick20230203-1-2psrd7.png?1675425766"}],"has_pdf":true,"has_fulltext":true,"page_count":14,"ordered_authors":[{"id":5050225,"first_name":"Nicolas","last_name":"Le Corre","domain_name":"mun","page_name":"NicolasLeCorre","display_name":"Nicolas Le Corre","profile_url":"https://mun.academia.edu/NicolasLeCorre","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5050225/2200303/14705805/s65_nicolas.le_corre.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":173,"name":"Zoology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology","nofollow":true},{"id":4035,"name":"Marine Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Ecology","nofollow":true},{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology","nofollow":true},{"id":9846,"name":"Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology","nofollow":true},{"id":144578,"name":"Mytilus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mytilus"},{"id":173285,"name":"Fishery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fishery"},{"id":1443242,"name":"Blue Mussel","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Blue_Mussel"}],"publication_year":2013,"publication_year_with_fallback":2013,"paper_rank":null,"all_time_views":0,"active_discussion":{}}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_96225820" data-work_id="96225820" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/96225820/Patterns_and_scales_of_connectivity_temporal_stability_and_variation_within_a_marine_metapopulation">Patterns and scales of connectivity: temporal stability and variation within a marine metapopulation</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">As many marine invertebrates have a dispersive planktonic phase, the spatial scale of demographic connectivity among local populations remains a key, but elusive, parameter driving population and metapopulation dynamics. Temporal... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_96225820" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">As many marine invertebrates have a dispersive planktonic phase, the spatial scale of demographic connectivity among local populations remains a key, but elusive, parameter driving population and metapopulation dynamics. Temporal variation in the scale of connectivity remains, however, largely undocumented despite its recognized importance for predicting population responses to environmental changes. To assess the temporal stability of metapopulation connectivity, we conducted a large-scale survey of a blue mussel (Mytilus spp.) metapopulation for five years along a 100-km section of coastline of the Gaspé Peninsula (Québec, Canada). For each year, we estimated the scale of demographic coupling among 27 to 29 sites within our study region using the spatial cross-covariance between adult abundance and recruit density across sites. Despite large inter-annual variability in overall recruit abundance, our analysis revealed stationary spatial distributions of adult and recruit abundance. More importantly, our analysis revealed a consistent demographic coupling among populations at a distance ranging from 12 to 24 km in all but one of the five years studied. The scale of connectivity in this system is thus temporally stable but can occasionally show irregular fluctuations, and our results provide evidence in support of the integration of time-varying connectivity to marine metapopulation and reserve network theories.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/96225820" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b9a6c470d0a17671a350a3dfd38e1fee" rel="nofollow" data-download="{&quot;attachment_id&quot;:98183611,&quot;asset_id&quot;:96225820,&quot;asset_type&quot;:&quot;Work&quot;,&quot;always_allow_download&quot;:false,&quot;track&quot;:null,&quot;button_location&quot;:&quot;work_strip&quot;,&quot;source&quot;:null,&quot;hide_modal&quot;:null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/98183611/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by&nbsp;<span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5050225" href="https://mun.academia.edu/NicolasLeCorre">Nicolas Le Corre</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5050225" type="text/json">{"id":5050225,"first_name":"Nicolas","last_name":"Le Corre","domain_name":"mun","page_name":"NicolasLeCorre","display_name":"Nicolas Le Corre","profile_url":"https://mun.academia.edu/NicolasLeCorre","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5050225/2200303/14705805/s65_nicolas.le_corre.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_96225820 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="96225820"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 96225820, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_96225820", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_96225820 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96225820; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_96225820"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_96225820 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="96225820"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 96225820; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=96225820]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_96225820").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_96225820").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="96225820"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2983" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spatial_Ecology">Spatial Ecology</a>,&nbsp;<script data-card-contents-for-ri="2983" type="text/json">{"id":2983,"name":"Spatial Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spatial_Ecology","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4035" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Ecology">Marine Ecology</a>,&nbsp;<script data-card-contents-for-ri="4035" type="text/json">{"id":4035,"name":"Marine Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Ecology","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7710" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology">Biology</a>,&nbsp;<script data-card-contents-for-ri="7710" type="text/json">{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9846" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology">Ecology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="9846" type="text/json">{"id":9846,"name":"Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=96225820]'), work: {"id":96225820,"title":"Patterns and scales of connectivity: temporal stability and variation within a marine metapopulation","created_at":"2023-02-03T04:02:37.441-08:00","owner_id":5050225,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/96225820/Patterns_and_scales_of_connectivity_temporal_stability_and_variation_within_a_marine_metapopulation","slug":"Patterns_and_scales_of_connectivity_temporal_stability_and_variation_within_a_marine_metapopulation","dom_id":"work_96225820","summary":"As many marine invertebrates have a dispersive planktonic phase, the spatial scale of demographic connectivity among local populations remains a key, but elusive, parameter driving population and metapopulation dynamics. Temporal variation in the scale of connectivity remains, however, largely undocumented despite its recognized importance for predicting population responses to environmental changes. To assess the temporal stability of metapopulation connectivity, we conducted a large-scale survey of a blue mussel (Mytilus spp.) metapopulation for five years along a 100-km section of coastline of the Gaspé Peninsula (Québec, Canada). For each year, we estimated the scale of demographic coupling among 27 to 29 sites within our study region using the spatial cross-covariance between adult abundance and recruit density across sites. Despite large inter-annual variability in overall recruit abundance, our analysis revealed stationary spatial distributions of adult and recruit abundance. More importantly, our analysis revealed a consistent demographic coupling among populations at a distance ranging from 12 to 24 km in all but one of the five years studied. The scale of connectivity in this system is thus temporally stable but can occasionally show irregular fluctuations, and our results provide evidence in support of the integration of time-varying connectivity to marine metapopulation and reserve network theories.","publication":"Ecology","publication_with_fallback":"Ecology","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":98183611,"asset_id":96225820,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/98183611/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/98183611/14-2126.120230203-1-mdkk7-libre.pdf?1675427772=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPatterns_and_scales_of_connectivity_temp.pdf\u0026Expires=1740144559\u0026Signature=WVj8D-C~bU6hBkUukot-FMKW-SgdIZcjYXGnR-9lXmCvKKK8WOJp9llLzTzswqN9bntecEd1OLXiisWhMdYAg89yaWIBmjgkrtQnJKhr~GQOSWyNQau5nFXXhXRNab3itJ~4fiP8oF0Q0MXPNpmWX8T2lmET3oApC5ursJpEnufBAt1wT0h-sW67IibVsH93w0MkQg2FsKA4Cm~WHwRFIsoZDAiGmDmyfS0-SLHAowoMHBW2pfS1xsSQJNVceY9BHO2ZLA0ByKH9sW35crtsXDBQPdtx~P6XxD3oP8iKTyiIiwRygv-i6GomTU3eNqi354cwRlO~lLUO-hHIU9jrog__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/98183611/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/98183611/mini_magick20230203-1-1oe8ykc.png?1675425872"}],"downloadable_attachments_with_full_thumbnails":[{"id":98183611,"asset_id":96225820,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/98183611/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/98183611/14-2126.120230203-1-mdkk7-libre.pdf?1675427772=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPatterns_and_scales_of_connectivity_temp.pdf\u0026Expires=1740144559\u0026Signature=WVj8D-C~bU6hBkUukot-FMKW-SgdIZcjYXGnR-9lXmCvKKK8WOJp9llLzTzswqN9bntecEd1OLXiisWhMdYAg89yaWIBmjgkrtQnJKhr~GQOSWyNQau5nFXXhXRNab3itJ~4fiP8oF0Q0MXPNpmWX8T2lmET3oApC5ursJpEnufBAt1wT0h-sW67IibVsH93w0MkQg2FsKA4Cm~WHwRFIsoZDAiGmDmyfS0-SLHAowoMHBW2pfS1xsSQJNVceY9BHO2ZLA0ByKH9sW35crtsXDBQPdtx~P6XxD3oP8iKTyiIiwRygv-i6GomTU3eNqi354cwRlO~lLUO-hHIU9jrog__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/98183611/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/98183611/mini_magick20230203-1-1oe8ykc.png?1675425872"}],"has_pdf":true,"has_fulltext":true,"page_count":34,"ordered_authors":[{"id":5050225,"first_name":"Nicolas","last_name":"Le Corre","domain_name":"mun","page_name":"NicolasLeCorre","display_name":"Nicolas Le Corre","profile_url":"https://mun.academia.edu/NicolasLeCorre","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5050225/2200303/14705805/s65_nicolas.le_corre.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2983,"name":"Spatial Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spatial_Ecology","nofollow":true},{"id":4035,"name":"Marine Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Ecology","nofollow":true},{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology","nofollow":true},{"id":9846,"name":"Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology","nofollow":true},{"id":11417,"name":"Population Dynamics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Population_Dynamics"},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"},{"id":28808,"name":"Quebec","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quebec"},{"id":54114,"name":"Canada","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Canada"},{"id":72911,"name":"Marine Mussels","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Mussels"},{"id":89990,"name":"Estuaries","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Estuaries"},{"id":91135,"name":"Population Connectivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Population_Connectivity"},{"id":144578,"name":"Mytilus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mytilus"},{"id":160431,"name":"Metapopulation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Metapopulation"},{"id":373754,"name":"Ecosystem","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecosystem"},{"id":413195,"name":"Time Factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Time_Factors"},{"id":843856,"name":"Ecological Applications","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecological_Applications"}],"publication_year":2015,"publication_year_with_fallback":2015,"paper_rank":null,"all_time_views":2,"active_discussion":{}}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_108296816" data-work_id="108296816" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/108296816/Patterns_and_scales_of_connectivity_temporal_stability_and_variation_within_a_marine_metapopulation">Patterns and scales of connectivity: temporal stability and variation within a marine metapopulation</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">As many marine invertebrates have a dispersive planktonic phase, the spatial scale of demographic connectivity among local populations remains a key, but elusive, parameter driving population and metapopulation dynamics. Temporal... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_108296816" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">As many marine invertebrates have a dispersive planktonic phase, the spatial scale of demographic connectivity among local populations remains a key, but elusive, parameter driving population and metapopulation dynamics. Temporal variation in the scale of connectivity remains, however, largely undocumented despite its recognized importance for predicting population responses to environmental changes. To assess the temporal stability of metapopulation connectivity, we conducted a large-scale survey of a blue mussel (Mytilus spp.) metapopulation for five years along a 100-km section of coastline of the Gaspé Peninsula (Québec, Canada). For each year, we estimated the scale of demographic coupling among 27 to 29 sites within our study region using the spatial cross-covariance between adult abundance and recruit density across sites. Despite large inter-annual variability in overall recruit abundance, our analysis revealed stationary spatial distributions of adult and recruit abundance. More importantly, our analysis revealed a consistent demographic coupling among populations at a distance ranging from 12 to 24 km in all but one of the five years studied. The scale of connectivity in this system is thus temporally stable but can occasionally show irregular fluctuations, and our results provide evidence in support of the integration of time-varying connectivity to marine metapopulation and reserve network theories.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/108296816" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a1a2186737191238da983bf9907a79ce" rel="nofollow" data-download="{&quot;attachment_id&quot;:106717689,&quot;asset_id&quot;:108296816,&quot;asset_type&quot;:&quot;Work&quot;,&quot;always_allow_download&quot;:false,&quot;track&quot;:null,&quot;button_location&quot;:&quot;work_strip&quot;,&quot;source&quot;:null,&quot;hide_modal&quot;:null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/106717689/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by&nbsp;<span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5050225" href="https://mun.academia.edu/NicolasLeCorre">Nicolas Le Corre</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5050225" type="text/json">{"id":5050225,"first_name":"Nicolas","last_name":"Le Corre","domain_name":"mun","page_name":"NicolasLeCorre","display_name":"Nicolas Le Corre","profile_url":"https://mun.academia.edu/NicolasLeCorre","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5050225/2200303/14705805/s65_nicolas.le_corre.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_108296816 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="108296816"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 108296816, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_108296816", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_108296816 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 108296816; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_108296816"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_108296816 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="108296816"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 108296816; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=108296816]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_108296816").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_108296816").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="108296816"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2983" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spatial_Ecology">Spatial Ecology</a>,&nbsp;<script data-card-contents-for-ri="2983" type="text/json">{"id":2983,"name":"Spatial Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spatial_Ecology","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4035" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Ecology">Marine Ecology</a>,&nbsp;<script data-card-contents-for-ri="4035" type="text/json">{"id":4035,"name":"Marine Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Ecology","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7710" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology">Biology</a>,&nbsp;<script data-card-contents-for-ri="7710" type="text/json">{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9846" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology">Ecology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="9846" type="text/json">{"id":9846,"name":"Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=108296816]'), work: {"id":108296816,"title":"Patterns and scales of connectivity: temporal stability and variation within a marine metapopulation","created_at":"2023-10-18T02:58:43.265-07:00","owner_id":5050225,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/108296816/Patterns_and_scales_of_connectivity_temporal_stability_and_variation_within_a_marine_metapopulation","slug":"Patterns_and_scales_of_connectivity_temporal_stability_and_variation_within_a_marine_metapopulation","dom_id":"work_108296816","summary":"As many marine invertebrates have a dispersive planktonic phase, the spatial scale of demographic connectivity among local populations remains a key, but elusive, parameter driving population and metapopulation dynamics. Temporal variation in the scale of connectivity remains, however, largely undocumented despite its recognized importance for predicting population responses to environmental changes. To assess the temporal stability of metapopulation connectivity, we conducted a large-scale survey of a blue mussel (Mytilus spp.) metapopulation for five years along a 100-km section of coastline of the Gaspé Peninsula (Québec, Canada). For each year, we estimated the scale of demographic coupling among 27 to 29 sites within our study region using the spatial cross-covariance between adult abundance and recruit density across sites. Despite large inter-annual variability in overall recruit abundance, our analysis revealed stationary spatial distributions of adult and recruit abundance. More importantly, our analysis revealed a consistent demographic coupling among populations at a distance ranging from 12 to 24 km in all but one of the five years studied. The scale of connectivity in this system is thus temporally stable but can occasionally show irregular fluctuations, and our results provide evidence in support of the integration of time-varying connectivity to marine metapopulation and reserve network theories.","publication":"Ecology","publication_with_fallback":"Ecology","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":106717689,"asset_id":108296816,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/106717689/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/106717689/14-2126.120231018-1-owzyc6-libre.pdf?1697623687=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPatterns_and_scales_of_connectivity_temp.pdf\u0026Expires=1740144559\u0026Signature=Rd9S65Rp5EjElVdG1pd13-15w6MLmDYnxW~Q5x3a5p2uVc5tj1Z0KnJ5CJLqT-lqWfAgw7TvSwCK2MyFQw1t4cdid2aphCVroNbNTdqnH-bjzhkCjPLj06e9N5erp2UD5n~-fUGlBcecsDgMnpZbEq~ltP8k1Y-urMqHixrmnrzLVQGotVnIXGPDtifnJAaOyUCBz1wd13NNFliPszvG1YzIfSDEvdmXOLpPdb1BL5gN0OrjooXWm6lAPgw7WvkbwMdevxv-8RWsmqbGWnodhQZgt9LTO0w9EnOazr6aYk74tPFeSktQ9q3nVr6nDWScpX9eLPm8AhQFlXY7MhnrXg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/106717689/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/106717689/mini_magick20231018-1-e4j7ou.png?1697623811"}],"downloadable_attachments_with_full_thumbnails":[{"id":106717689,"asset_id":108296816,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/106717689/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/106717689/14-2126.120231018-1-owzyc6-libre.pdf?1697623687=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPatterns_and_scales_of_connectivity_temp.pdf\u0026Expires=1740144559\u0026Signature=Rd9S65Rp5EjElVdG1pd13-15w6MLmDYnxW~Q5x3a5p2uVc5tj1Z0KnJ5CJLqT-lqWfAgw7TvSwCK2MyFQw1t4cdid2aphCVroNbNTdqnH-bjzhkCjPLj06e9N5erp2UD5n~-fUGlBcecsDgMnpZbEq~ltP8k1Y-urMqHixrmnrzLVQGotVnIXGPDtifnJAaOyUCBz1wd13NNFliPszvG1YzIfSDEvdmXOLpPdb1BL5gN0OrjooXWm6lAPgw7WvkbwMdevxv-8RWsmqbGWnodhQZgt9LTO0w9EnOazr6aYk74tPFeSktQ9q3nVr6nDWScpX9eLPm8AhQFlXY7MhnrXg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/106717689/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/106717689/mini_magick20231018-1-e4j7ou.png?1697623811"}],"has_pdf":true,"has_fulltext":true,"page_count":34,"ordered_authors":[{"id":5050225,"first_name":"Nicolas","last_name":"Le Corre","domain_name":"mun","page_name":"NicolasLeCorre","display_name":"Nicolas Le Corre","profile_url":"https://mun.academia.edu/NicolasLeCorre","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5050225/2200303/14705805/s65_nicolas.le_corre.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2983,"name":"Spatial Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spatial_Ecology","nofollow":true},{"id":4035,"name":"Marine Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Ecology","nofollow":true},{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology","nofollow":true},{"id":9846,"name":"Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology","nofollow":true},{"id":11417,"name":"Population Dynamics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Population_Dynamics"},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"},{"id":28808,"name":"Quebec","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quebec"},{"id":54114,"name":"Canada","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Canada"},{"id":72911,"name":"Marine Mussels","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Mussels"},{"id":89990,"name":"Estuaries","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Estuaries"},{"id":91135,"name":"Population Connectivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Population_Connectivity"},{"id":144578,"name":"Mytilus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mytilus"},{"id":160431,"name":"Metapopulation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Metapopulation"},{"id":373754,"name":"Ecosystem","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecosystem"},{"id":413195,"name":"Time Factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Time_Factors"},{"id":843856,"name":"Ecological Applications","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecological_Applications"}],"publication_year":2015,"publication_year_with_fallback":2015,"paper_rank":null,"all_time_views":30,"active_discussion":{}}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_108296853" data-work_id="108296853" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/108296853/Variation_in_recruitment_differentiating_the_roles_of_primary_and_secondary_settlement_of_blue_mussels_Mytilus_spp">Variation in recruitment: differentiating the roles of primary and secondary settlement of blue mussels Mytilus spp</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Recruitment has often been cited as a key factor regulating population abundance and community structure in benthic marine ecosystems, where the life cycle of many species includes a dispersive planktonic phase. Still, the patterns and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_108296853" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Recruitment has often been cited as a key factor regulating population abundance and community structure in benthic marine ecosystems, where the life cycle of many species includes a dispersive planktonic phase. Still, the patterns and causes of temporal heterogeneity in the recruitment process, from daily to annual scales, are poorly understood for most taxa. We conducted weekly (2008) and biweekly (i.e. every 2 wk; 2008−2009) assessments of settlement of the marine mussels Mytilus spp. in the St. Lawrence maritime estuary, and differentiated between primary (metamorphosis) and secondary (post-metamorphosis movements) settlers. At a biweekly temporal resolution, recruitment in 2008 occurred over a 2 mo period with a single peak in August. A more complex pattern of recruitment involving multiple peaks of primary and secondary settlement was, however, revealed at a weekly resolution. In 2009 the biweekly settlement rates were an order of magnitude lower, with again only a single peak. In both years, secondary settlement was observed throughout most of the season and contributed as much or more (50−81%) than primary settlement for several peaks. Based on prodissoconch II size and estimated larval growth rates, the mean planktonic larval duration was estimated to be 38 d, but may have ranged from 27 to 67 d depending on the actual growth rate. The importance of secondary settlement increased over time and was a major contributor to local recruitment dynamics. Variation in primary and secondary settlement as well as inter-annual variations could strongly affect estimates of recruitment rates, local dynamics and the spatial scales of connectivity among coastal populations, and thus our understanding of local population regulation and metapopulation dynamics.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/108296853" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8dd1fbb80f48e79669b2016127bce307" rel="nofollow" data-download="{&quot;attachment_id&quot;:106717683,&quot;asset_id&quot;:108296853,&quot;asset_type&quot;:&quot;Work&quot;,&quot;always_allow_download&quot;:false,&quot;track&quot;:null,&quot;button_location&quot;:&quot;work_strip&quot;,&quot;source&quot;:null,&quot;hide_modal&quot;:null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/106717683/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by&nbsp;<span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5050225" href="https://mun.academia.edu/NicolasLeCorre">Nicolas Le Corre</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5050225" type="text/json">{"id":5050225,"first_name":"Nicolas","last_name":"Le Corre","domain_name":"mun","page_name":"NicolasLeCorre","display_name":"Nicolas Le Corre","profile_url":"https://mun.academia.edu/NicolasLeCorre","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5050225/2200303/14705805/s65_nicolas.le_corre.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_108296853 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="108296853"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 108296853, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_108296853", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_108296853 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 108296853; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_108296853"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_108296853 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="108296853"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 108296853; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=108296853]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_108296853").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_108296853").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="108296853"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="173" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology">Zoology</a>,&nbsp;<script data-card-contents-for-ri="173" type="text/json">{"id":173,"name":"Zoology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4035" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Ecology">Marine Ecology</a>,&nbsp;<script data-card-contents-for-ri="4035" type="text/json">{"id":4035,"name":"Marine Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Ecology","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7710" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology">Biology</a>,&nbsp;<script data-card-contents-for-ri="7710" type="text/json">{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9846" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology">Ecology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="9846" type="text/json">{"id":9846,"name":"Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=108296853]'), work: {"id":108296853,"title":"Variation in recruitment: differentiating the roles of primary and secondary settlement of blue mussels Mytilus spp","created_at":"2023-10-18T02:59:21.993-07:00","owner_id":5050225,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/108296853/Variation_in_recruitment_differentiating_the_roles_of_primary_and_secondary_settlement_of_blue_mussels_Mytilus_spp","slug":"Variation_in_recruitment_differentiating_the_roles_of_primary_and_secondary_settlement_of_blue_mussels_Mytilus_spp","dom_id":"work_108296853","summary":"Recruitment has often been cited as a key factor regulating population abundance and community structure in benthic marine ecosystems, where the life cycle of many species includes a dispersive planktonic phase. Still, the patterns and causes of temporal heterogeneity in the recruitment process, from daily to annual scales, are poorly understood for most taxa. We conducted weekly (2008) and biweekly (i.e. every 2 wk; 2008−2009) assessments of settlement of the marine mussels Mytilus spp. in the St. Lawrence maritime estuary, and differentiated between primary (metamorphosis) and secondary (post-metamorphosis movements) settlers. At a biweekly temporal resolution, recruitment in 2008 occurred over a 2 mo period with a single peak in August. A more complex pattern of recruitment involving multiple peaks of primary and secondary settlement was, however, revealed at a weekly resolution. In 2009 the biweekly settlement rates were an order of magnitude lower, with again only a single peak. In both years, secondary settlement was observed throughout most of the season and contributed as much or more (50−81%) than primary settlement for several peaks. Based on prodissoconch II size and estimated larval growth rates, the mean planktonic larval duration was estimated to be 38 d, but may have ranged from 27 to 67 d depending on the actual growth rate. The importance of secondary settlement increased over time and was a major contributor to local recruitment dynamics. Variation in primary and secondary settlement as well as inter-annual variations could strongly affect estimates of recruitment rates, local dynamics and the spatial scales of connectivity among coastal populations, and thus our understanding of local population regulation and metapopulation dynamics.","publication":"Marine Ecology Progress Series","publication_with_fallback":"Marine Ecology Progress Series","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":106717683,"asset_id":108296853,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/106717683/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/106717683/m481p133-libre.pdf?1697623669=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DVariation_in_recruitment_differentiating.pdf\u0026Expires=1740144559\u0026Signature=P90p56BiYEboL~9sJsGxBYaMhQX3sgnPBfvUq0EzNF~onojU2gCpsl1~GVa~wui0CM9it-gQZiQGVNeBjBRbEiwj-cc0CNybpIThOYktsXC~4eiJ8~Vr83TDcj0mF-gOXJmmoOGyu9t6OJP3lhGUYjx7rfdLYCq5M9eeRF4Dh2eVC~CKXQJlXKB~-coTZcb1af~VTBJNUYLuebqGHOJQQnkqKbL8fo6tbKFINudU9G-a8Q4fh7D54iDxdo3prlxGizN0sUH-CRFg1ntN8F0cdJUwnGX3dQYAvrsGRcVyfqBlSFxSht-Y5RnsWnhSkwfU38mv6U0-r4yn5RRZx8lHvA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/106717683/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/106717683/mini_magick20231018-1-nbpuix.png?1697623815"}],"downloadable_attachments_with_full_thumbnails":[{"id":106717683,"asset_id":108296853,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/106717683/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/106717683/m481p133-libre.pdf?1697623669=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DVariation_in_recruitment_differentiating.pdf\u0026Expires=1740144559\u0026Signature=P90p56BiYEboL~9sJsGxBYaMhQX3sgnPBfvUq0EzNF~onojU2gCpsl1~GVa~wui0CM9it-gQZiQGVNeBjBRbEiwj-cc0CNybpIThOYktsXC~4eiJ8~Vr83TDcj0mF-gOXJmmoOGyu9t6OJP3lhGUYjx7rfdLYCq5M9eeRF4Dh2eVC~CKXQJlXKB~-coTZcb1af~VTBJNUYLuebqGHOJQQnkqKbL8fo6tbKFINudU9G-a8Q4fh7D54iDxdo3prlxGizN0sUH-CRFg1ntN8F0cdJUwnGX3dQYAvrsGRcVyfqBlSFxSht-Y5RnsWnhSkwfU38mv6U0-r4yn5RRZx8lHvA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/106717683/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/106717683/mini_magick20231018-1-nbpuix.png?1697623815"}],"has_pdf":true,"has_fulltext":true,"page_count":14,"ordered_authors":[{"id":5050225,"first_name":"Nicolas","last_name":"Le Corre","domain_name":"mun","page_name":"NicolasLeCorre","display_name":"Nicolas Le Corre","profile_url":"https://mun.academia.edu/NicolasLeCorre","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5050225/2200303/14705805/s65_nicolas.le_corre.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":173,"name":"Zoology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology","nofollow":true},{"id":4035,"name":"Marine Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Ecology","nofollow":true},{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology","nofollow":true},{"id":9846,"name":"Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology","nofollow":true},{"id":64336,"name":"Population","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Population"},{"id":144578,"name":"Mytilus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mytilus"},{"id":173285,"name":"Fishery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fishery"},{"id":1443242,"name":"Blue Mussel","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Blue_Mussel"}],"publication_year":2013,"publication_year_with_fallback":2013,"paper_rank":null,"all_time_views":8,"active_discussion":{}}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_6009443" data-work_id="6009443" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6009443/THE_THERMAL_REGIME_OF_EGGS_DURING_LAYING_AND_INCUBATION_IN_GREATER_SNOW_GEESE">THE THERMAL REGIME OF EGGS DURING LAYING AND INCUBATION IN GREATER SNOW GEESE</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Dummy eggs were added to naturally incubated clutches of Greater Snow Geese (Chen cuerulescens atlantica), an arctic-nesting species, in order to evaluate egg temperature during laying and incubation, and factors influencing egg cooling... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_6009443" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Dummy eggs were added to naturally incubated clutches of Greater Snow Geese (Chen cuerulescens atlantica), an arctic-nesting species, in order to evaluate egg temperature during laying and incubation, and factors influencing egg cooling rate during female recesses. As laying progressed, both nest attentiveness by females and egg temperature progressively increased. Although the time spent at nest after laying the penultimate egg was relatively high (69% vs. 91% during incubation), mean egg temperature was still 5.7&quot;C lower than during the early incubation period. This suggests that little embryonic development began before clutch completion. Thereafter, egg temperature averaged 37.1 t O.l&quot;C during periods where females were present, a value that decreased only slightly when incubation recesses are included (36.W). This is a high temperature in comparison to other arctic-nesting geese. A modest increase (1.7&quot;C) in mean egg temperature was observed as incubation progressed, but egg temperature was not influenced by clutch size or by the laying date of the first egg. During recesses lasting 24.7 5 1.3 min on average, egg temperature dropped by 2.8 ? 0.3&quot;C, at an instantaneous rate of 0.23 2 0.02&quot;C hr-&#39; &quot;C-l. Cooling rates increased under windy conditions and decreased with high solar radiation, but were little affected by air temperature. enced by the eggs during a parent&#39; s absence. In arctic-nesting geese, low incubation temperatures have been reported (32 to 34°C) in comparison to other waterfowl species (Afton and Paulus 1992), and the optimum temperature reported for the development of avian embryos (35 to 40°C; Webb 1987). We have examined the thermal regime of eggs in Greater Snow Geese (Chen caerulescens atlantica) during their whole nesting period. Greater Snow Geese are large body-size geese (body mass about 2.8 kg) breeding in the Canadian High Arctic. Visual observations have shown that, like other species of geese, females spend some time at their nest during laying (Gauthier and Tardif 1991), although the extent of egg warming occurring during this period is unknown. In contrast, nest attentiveness during incubation is relatively low for a large body-size goose (Reed et al. 1995). The objectives of the present research were to (1) document the thermal regime of eggs during the laying period in relation to female attentiveness, (2) monitor egg temperature during incubation to verify whether ~2921 THERMAL REGIME OF EGGS IN GREATER SNOW GEESE 293</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6009443" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5ce92ecfcdd766e02029d4b2ff8d30e7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{&quot;attachment_id&quot;:49055686,&quot;asset_id&quot;:6009443,&quot;asset_type&quot;:&quot;Work&quot;,&quot;always_allow_download&quot;:false,&quot;track&quot;:null,&quot;button_location&quot;:&quot;work_strip&quot;,&quot;source&quot;:null,&quot;hide_modal&quot;:null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49055686/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by&nbsp;<span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="8990311" href="https://ulaval.academia.edu/JacquesLarochelle">Jacques Larochelle</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="8990311" type="text/json">{"id":8990311,"first_name":"Jacques","last_name":"Larochelle","domain_name":"ulaval","page_name":"JacquesLarochelle","display_name":"Jacques Larochelle","profile_url":"https://ulaval.academia.edu/JacquesLarochelle","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8990311/2934634/3435125/s65_jacques.larochelle.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_6009443 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="6009443"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 6009443, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_6009443", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_6009443 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6009443; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_6009443"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_6009443 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="6009443"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6009443; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=6009443]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_6009443").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_6009443").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="6009443"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="18194" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecophysiology">Ecophysiology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="18194" type="text/json">{"id":18194,"name":"Ecophysiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecophysiology","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=6009443]'), work: {"id":6009443,"title":"THE THERMAL REGIME OF EGGS DURING LAYING AND INCUBATION IN GREATER SNOW GEESE","created_at":"2014-02-09T12:20:49.000-08:00","owner_id":8990311,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/6009443/THE_THERMAL_REGIME_OF_EGGS_DURING_LAYING_AND_INCUBATION_IN_GREATER_SNOW_GEESE","slug":"THE_THERMAL_REGIME_OF_EGGS_DURING_LAYING_AND_INCUBATION_IN_GREATER_SNOW_GEESE","dom_id":"work_6009443","summary":"Dummy eggs were added to naturally incubated clutches of Greater Snow Geese (Chen cuerulescens atlantica), an arctic-nesting species, in order to evaluate egg temperature during laying and incubation, and factors influencing egg cooling rate during female recesses. As laying progressed, both nest attentiveness by females and egg temperature progressively increased. Although the time spent at nest after laying the penultimate egg was relatively high (69% vs. 91% during incubation), mean egg temperature was still 5.7\"C lower than during the early incubation period. This suggests that little embryonic development began before clutch completion. Thereafter, egg temperature averaged 37.1 t O.l\"C during periods where females were present, a value that decreased only slightly when incubation recesses are included (36.W). This is a high temperature in comparison to other arctic-nesting geese. A modest increase (1.7\"C) in mean egg temperature was observed as incubation progressed, but egg temperature was not influenced by clutch size or by the laying date of the first egg. During recesses lasting 24.7 5 1.3 min on average, egg temperature dropped by 2.8 ? 0.3\"C, at an instantaneous rate of 0.23 2 0.02\"C hr-' \"C-l. Cooling rates increased under windy conditions and decreased with high solar radiation, but were little affected by air temperature. enced by the eggs during a parent' s absence. In arctic-nesting geese, low incubation temperatures have been reported (32 to 34°C) in comparison to other waterfowl species (Afton and Paulus 1992), and the optimum temperature reported for the development of avian embryos (35 to 40°C; Webb 1987). We have examined the thermal regime of eggs in Greater Snow Geese (Chen caerulescens atlantica) during their whole nesting period. Greater Snow Geese are large body-size geese (body mass about 2.8 kg) breeding in the Canadian High Arctic. Visual observations have shown that, like other species of geese, females spend some time at their nest during laying (Gauthier and Tardif 1991), although the extent of egg warming occurring during this period is unknown. In contrast, nest attentiveness during incubation is relatively low for a large body-size goose (Reed et al. 1995). The objectives of the present research were to (1) document the thermal regime of eggs during the laying period in relation to female attentiveness, (2) monitor egg temperature during incubation to verify whether ~2921 THERMAL REGIME OF EGGS IN GREATER SNOW GEESE 293","publication":"Condor","publication_with_fallback":"Condor","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":49055686,"asset_id":6009443,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/49055686/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/49055686/The_Thermal_Regime_of_Eggs_during_Laying20160923-6306-1f31qry-libre.pdf?1474619874=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTHE_THERMAL_REGIME_OF_EGGS_DURING_LAYING.pdf\u0026Expires=1740144559\u0026Signature=UCPunmxBOZUr3882A7jK3qiMH2gNL5BiXE8BY0~8WB6pDnUBBEHpiqTjcnTZAvI~N0i3OlIum7yAu9vAlgl7hD787mQaAqynqS-Pb1S6RTmbdSLP8CpvTsG7fUuDeXGTOp6iZu99xFiRZVtP7PYDBL7asYvV6H87tZr2hDUrh~yAolzvd6Nm5H8wqZpp0w8r14J3-aWD7drW97ENJ5sFsa1g-pkOyoInq2W0-gqQ1guKMmzgcZZOZl8yfK7rMdukWUdk8L~TMCir9YHBMr1q0L3eWio1pV~6ikcpL2-YAyKtizlq18KlebIFFKmBoAanuCH7EX-4rIxoftKzfZjgOw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49055686/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/49055686/mini_magick20190201-21386-1s6v6rb.png?1549070916"}],"downloadable_attachments_with_full_thumbnails":[{"id":49055686,"asset_id":6009443,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/49055686/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/49055686/The_Thermal_Regime_of_Eggs_during_Laying20160923-6306-1f31qry-libre.pdf?1474619874=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTHE_THERMAL_REGIME_OF_EGGS_DURING_LAYING.pdf\u0026Expires=1740144559\u0026Signature=UCPunmxBOZUr3882A7jK3qiMH2gNL5BiXE8BY0~8WB6pDnUBBEHpiqTjcnTZAvI~N0i3OlIum7yAu9vAlgl7hD787mQaAqynqS-Pb1S6RTmbdSLP8CpvTsG7fUuDeXGTOp6iZu99xFiRZVtP7PYDBL7asYvV6H87tZr2hDUrh~yAolzvd6Nm5H8wqZpp0w8r14J3-aWD7drW97ENJ5sFsa1g-pkOyoInq2W0-gqQ1guKMmzgcZZOZl8yfK7rMdukWUdk8L~TMCir9YHBMr1q0L3eWio1pV~6ikcpL2-YAyKtizlq18KlebIFFKmBoAanuCH7EX-4rIxoftKzfZjgOw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49055686/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk1OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/49055686/mini_magick20190201-21386-1s6v6rb.png?1549070916"}],"has_pdf":true,"has_fulltext":true,"page_count":9,"ordered_authors":[{"id":8990311,"first_name":"Jacques","last_name":"Larochelle","domain_name":"ulaval","page_name":"JacquesLarochelle","display_name":"Jacques Larochelle","profile_url":"https://ulaval.academia.edu/JacquesLarochelle","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8990311/2934634/3435125/s65_jacques.larochelle.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":18194,"name":"Ecophysiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecophysiology","nofollow":true}],"publication_year":2000,"publication_year_with_fallback":2000,"paper_rank":null,"all_time_views":33,"active_discussion":{}}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_6009446" data-work_id="6009446" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6009446/The_regulation_of_amino_acid_metabolism_during_hyperosmotic_stress_inAcanthamoeba_castellanii">The regulation of amino acid metabolism during hyperosmotic stress inAcanthamoeba castellanii</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The effects of hyperosmotic stress on amino acid metabolism have been examined in Acanthamoeba castellanii incubated in a defined growth medium. Following hyperosmotic shock, the rapid appearance in the medium of previously ingested... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_6009446" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The effects of hyperosmotic stress on amino acid metabolism have been examined in Acanthamoeba castellanii incubated in a defined growth medium. Following hyperosmotic shock, the rapid appearance in the medium of previously ingested proline indicated a rapid release of pinosome contents induced by osmotic dehydration. Initially endocytotic uptake and protein synthesis were both markedly inhibited, but they recovered over the following hours. Total cell proteins decreased by 20% within 30 minutes after hyperosmotic stress, and this decrease was concomitant with a rapid accumulation of free ninhydrin-positive substances.Following a hyperosmotic shock, free alanine, glutamate, and proline transiently accumulated, in this sequence. Aminooxyacetate prevented the accumulation of alanine while greatly stimulating that of glutamate, but its effect on proline accumulation was small. In cells incubated with radioactive alanine, the accumulation of free alanine proceeded mostly from unlabeled precursors and coincided with a high rate of radioactive glutamate synthesis. This newly synthesized glutamate was extensively converted into proline, while proline synthesis from ornithine was barely stimulated. During acclimation to hyperosmotic conditions, osmoregulatory mechanisms in A. castellanii appear to rely only transiently on free amino acids, particularly on those whose access to main metabolic pathways is not allosterically regulated.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6009446" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6edb7a8da61fea28849fcac8c6dd3b63" rel="nofollow" data-download="{&quot;attachment_id&quot;:49055678,&quot;asset_id&quot;:6009446,&quot;asset_type&quot;:&quot;Work&quot;,&quot;always_allow_download&quot;:false,&quot;track&quot;:null,&quot;button_location&quot;:&quot;work_strip&quot;,&quot;source&quot;:null,&quot;hide_modal&quot;:null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49055678/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by&nbsp;<span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="8990311" href="https://ulaval.academia.edu/JacquesLarochelle">Jacques Larochelle</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="8990311" type="text/json">{"id":8990311,"first_name":"Jacques","last_name":"Larochelle","domain_name":"ulaval","page_name":"JacquesLarochelle","display_name":"Jacques Larochelle","profile_url":"https://ulaval.academia.edu/JacquesLarochelle","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8990311/2934634/3435125/s65_jacques.larochelle.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_6009446 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="6009446"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 6009446, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_6009446", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_6009446 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6009446; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_6009446"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_6009446 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="6009446"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6009446; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=6009446]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_6009446").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_6009446").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="6009446"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2183" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cellular_Biology">Cellular Biology</a>,&nbsp;<script data-card-contents-for-ri="2183" type="text/json">{"id":2183,"name":"Cellular Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cellular_Biology","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13827" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Biology">Cell Biology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="13827" type="text/json">{"id":13827,"name":"Cell Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Biology","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=6009446]'), work: {"id":6009446,"title":"The regulation of amino acid metabolism during hyperosmotic stress inAcanthamoeba castellanii","created_at":"2014-02-09T12:20:54.229-08:00","owner_id":8990311,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/6009446/The_regulation_of_amino_acid_metabolism_during_hyperosmotic_stress_inAcanthamoeba_castellanii","slug":"The_regulation_of_amino_acid_metabolism_during_hyperosmotic_stress_inAcanthamoeba_castellanii","dom_id":"work_6009446","summary":"The effects of hyperosmotic stress on amino acid metabolism have been examined in Acanthamoeba castellanii incubated in a defined growth medium. Following hyperosmotic shock, the rapid appearance in the medium of previously ingested proline indicated a rapid release of pinosome contents induced by osmotic dehydration. Initially endocytotic uptake and protein synthesis were both markedly inhibited, but they recovered over the following hours. Total cell proteins decreased by 20% within 30 minutes after hyperosmotic stress, and this decrease was concomitant with a rapid accumulation of free ninhydrin-positive substances.Following a hyperosmotic shock, free alanine, glutamate, and proline transiently accumulated, in this sequence. Aminooxyacetate prevented the accumulation of alanine while greatly stimulating that of glutamate, but its effect on proline accumulation was small. In cells incubated with radioactive alanine, the accumulation of free alanine proceeded mostly from unlabeled precursors and coincided with a high rate of radioactive glutamate synthesis. This newly synthesized glutamate was extensively converted into proline, while proline synthesis from ornithine was barely stimulated. During acclimation to hyperosmotic conditions, osmoregulatory mechanisms in A. castellanii appear to rely only transiently on free amino acids, particularly on those whose access to main metabolic pathways is not allosterically regulated.","publication":"Journal of Experimental Zoology","publication_with_fallback":"Journal of Experimental Zoology","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":49055678,"asset_id":6009446,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/49055678/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/49055678/jez.140243030320160923-14442-2v5vk0-libre.pdf?1474619886=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_regulation_of_amino_acid_metabolism.pdf\u0026Expires=1740144559\u0026Signature=JarIPibNDxFyx1EGM7SuLjEElCuNe5VvyOs3u3XNZ2pHFpuVdNYp-W-c0F61a5oaBoopTK0qWllDic4wNlAJJwlaLDYSFsnq-M9hOB9rozuZNQf0fOVcRI6cdC8E6yG95yqOpXhaZn0IdosJwAeiFOXd73HHElqdtsNnBJn6A5oobGdR~pT87hxmMkYW-rWJ631sMCZMkVTEvqzS~WkI0RGXaAmpnvgGEppnrYF5drqejBtnI0s6M43kQurTPSW0BF27BNF1b3SYMTc2BsvAD84MbqYc0w0xc0o4YEDWJs1hvK85fTUhbS0zzdBvV9nKclP2Q1PA7kM6imjLY2eHnw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49055678/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/49055678/mini_magick20190201-26407-d6jqki.png?1549071029"}],"downloadable_attachments_with_full_thumbnails":[{"id":49055678,"asset_id":6009446,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/49055678/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/49055678/jez.140243030320160923-14442-2v5vk0-libre.pdf?1474619886=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_regulation_of_amino_acid_metabolism.pdf\u0026Expires=1740144560\u0026Signature=DGM4yCBaTNmmNQfTdGENgP0nMxUF-iy4dkmM9Mj3Y9vpXFRKyHmTXdnWNRPFntAlIqxgaFAUv21WZ9MkGaBnBpbq9Co~-Pe~R8VFZXR8S~kW2ns7Sqnb4I4OkpT1KBGAMCwe3QZT9F07wRwBsnZi1g931mIYGirL1NHNen1xMCjw5SMjonq4cVtW6qoLSDwje8Gu6tUXiaHjr5c8xKta57eJm4H50GDThZwOugyg9LdRtitaQvLX4MSXXgPj5BLpsk3qqtdtVeXcKBwi6Lz35rD3Pbre5FjThXJOJ6EfhNJb3Yf~fR0ul3s39iqn4kkkmNgYuvGr9kwPqke8JCTIpQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49055678/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/49055678/mini_magick20190201-26407-d6jqki.png?1549071029"}],"has_pdf":true,"has_fulltext":true,"page_count":14,"ordered_authors":[{"id":8990311,"first_name":"Jacques","last_name":"Larochelle","domain_name":"ulaval","page_name":"JacquesLarochelle","display_name":"Jacques Larochelle","profile_url":"https://ulaval.academia.edu/JacquesLarochelle","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8990311/2934634/3435125/s65_jacques.larochelle.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2183,"name":"Cellular Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cellular_Biology","nofollow":true},{"id":13827,"name":"Cell Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Biology","nofollow":true}],"publication_year":1987,"publication_year_with_fallback":1987,"paper_rank":null,"all_time_views":38,"active_discussion":{}}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_6009449" data-work_id="6009449" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6009449/The_effect_of_oxygen_availability_on_the_osmoregulatory_contribution_of_free_amino_acids_in_Acanthamoeba_castellanii">The effect of oxygen availability on the osmoregulatory contribution of free amino acids in Acanthamoeba castellanii</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">1986. The effect of oxygen availability on the osmoregulatory contribution of free amino acids in Acanthamoeba castellanii. Can. J . Zool. 64: 1430-1435 In Acanthamoeba, the availability of oxygen markedly affects the response to... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_6009449" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">1986. The effect of oxygen availability on the osmoregulatory contribution of free amino acids in Acanthamoeba castellanii. Can. J . Zool. 64: 1430-1435 In Acanthamoeba, the availability of oxygen markedly affects the response to hyperosmotic (250 to 500 mosmol/kg water) or hypoosmotic (250 to 125 mosmol/kg water) stress. The short-term recovery of cell hydration after hyperosmotic shock was more rapid at a Po2 of 54 Torr (1 Torr = 133.322 Pa) than at 5 Torr, despite similar increases in the free amino acid content of the cell (2.3-to 2.4-fold). Under anoxia, the early response to both hyper-and hypo-osmotic stress resulted in osmometer-like cells and the osmoregulatory contribution of the free amino acid pool following hyperosmotic shock was totally abolished. After a hypoosmotic shock under anoxia, however, the decrease of the free amino acid pool, though much slower, was of the same magnitude as under aerobic conditions (1.8-to 2.5-fold). This was apparently the only osmoregulatory mechanism operative in the absence of oxygen. The free amino acid pool was qualitatively affected by the oxygenation level, with proline being more abundant at high Po2 and alanine being more important under low Po2 and anoxia. The oxygen consumption of the cells was essentially unaffected by osmotic stress and by the Po2 level. The osmotically induced changes in the free amino acid content of the cell involve flows of energy into and out of the free amino acid pool that appear considerable when compared with the energy available from oxidative metabolism. This suggests that de novo synthesis and complete oxidation have only a limited role in the supply and disposal of the free amino acids involved in osmotic regulation. GEOFFRION, Y., H. GUDERLEY et J. LAROCHELLE. 1986. The effect of oxygen availability on the osmoregulatory contribution of free amino acids in Acanthamoeba castellanii. Can. J . Zool. 64: 1430-1435. Chez Acanthamoeba, la disponibilitk de I&#39;oxygkne exerce une influence considkrable sur la rCponse aux stress hyperosmotiques (250 a 500 mosmol/kg d&#39;eau) et hypo-osmotiques (250 a 125 mosmol/kg d&#39;eau). Ainsi, nous avons observC qu&#39;aprks un choc hyperosmotique, la rkhydratation des cellules Ctait plus rapide a une Po2 de 54 Torr (1 Torr = 133.322 Pa) qu&#39;a une Po2 de 5 Torr, malgrC de semblables augmentations du contenu cellulaire en acides aminCs libres dans les deux cas (2.3-2.4 fois). En anoxie, le comportement initial des cellules face aux deux types de chocs osmotiques Ctait de type osmomktre, et la contribution osmorCgulatrice des acides aminks libres, advenant un choc hyperosmotique, Ctait abolie. Cependant, aprks un choc hypo-osmotique, la baisse du contenu en acides aminks libres, bien que plus lente en anoxie, atteignait une valeur comparable a celles observkes en conditions aCrobies (1.8-2.5 fois) et semblait constituer le seul mCcanisme d&#39;osmorCgulation encore fonctionnel. Le degrC d&#39;oxygknation affectait Cgalement la composition du pool des acides aminks libres, la proline dominant a la Po2 la plus ClevCe alors que l&#39;alanine s&#39;avCrait plus importante a faible Po2 et en anoxie. Le fait de modifier I&#39;oxygCnation et I&#39;osmolalitC du milieu n&#39;avait que peu d&#39;effet sur la consommation d&#39;oxygkne des amibes. Pourtant, les changements du contenu cellulaire en acides aminks libres provoquCs p a les chocs osmotiques impliquaient de grandes variations dans la valeur CnergCtique du pool. Ces variations, considCrables par rapport a 1&#39;Cnergie produite par le mCtabolisme aCrobie, suggkrent une participation IimitCe de la synthkse de novo et de l&#39;oxydation complkte a l&#39;accumulation eta l&#39;klimination des acides aminCs libres qui contribuent a 1&#39;osmorCgulation.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6009449" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="fc7085649a9a5d35f3e4e6421b5ac115" rel="nofollow" data-download="{&quot;attachment_id&quot;:49055690,&quot;asset_id&quot;:6009449,&quot;asset_type&quot;:&quot;Work&quot;,&quot;always_allow_download&quot;:false,&quot;track&quot;:null,&quot;button_location&quot;:&quot;work_strip&quot;,&quot;source&quot;:null,&quot;hide_modal&quot;:null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49055690/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by&nbsp;<span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="8990311" href="https://ulaval.academia.edu/JacquesLarochelle">Jacques Larochelle</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="8990311" type="text/json">{"id":8990311,"first_name":"Jacques","last_name":"Larochelle","domain_name":"ulaval","page_name":"JacquesLarochelle","display_name":"Jacques Larochelle","profile_url":"https://ulaval.academia.edu/JacquesLarochelle","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8990311/2934634/3435125/s65_jacques.larochelle.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_6009449 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="6009449"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 6009449, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_6009449", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_6009449 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6009449; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_6009449"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_6009449 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="6009449"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6009449; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=6009449]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_6009449").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_6009449").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="6009449"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13827" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Biology">Cell Biology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="13827" type="text/json">{"id":13827,"name":"Cell Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Biology","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=6009449]'), work: {"id":6009449,"title":"The effect of oxygen availability on the osmoregulatory contribution of free amino acids in Acanthamoeba castellanii","created_at":"2014-02-09T12:20:54.619-08:00","owner_id":8990311,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/6009449/The_effect_of_oxygen_availability_on_the_osmoregulatory_contribution_of_free_amino_acids_in_Acanthamoeba_castellanii","slug":"The_effect_of_oxygen_availability_on_the_osmoregulatory_contribution_of_free_amino_acids_in_Acanthamoeba_castellanii","dom_id":"work_6009449","summary":"1986. The effect of oxygen availability on the osmoregulatory contribution of free amino acids in Acanthamoeba castellanii. Can. J . Zool. 64: 1430-1435 In Acanthamoeba, the availability of oxygen markedly affects the response to hyperosmotic (250 to 500 mosmol/kg water) or hypoosmotic (250 to 125 mosmol/kg water) stress. The short-term recovery of cell hydration after hyperosmotic shock was more rapid at a Po2 of 54 Torr (1 Torr = 133.322 Pa) than at 5 Torr, despite similar increases in the free amino acid content of the cell (2.3-to 2.4-fold). Under anoxia, the early response to both hyper-and hypo-osmotic stress resulted in osmometer-like cells and the osmoregulatory contribution of the free amino acid pool following hyperosmotic shock was totally abolished. After a hypoosmotic shock under anoxia, however, the decrease of the free amino acid pool, though much slower, was of the same magnitude as under aerobic conditions (1.8-to 2.5-fold). This was apparently the only osmoregulatory mechanism operative in the absence of oxygen. The free amino acid pool was qualitatively affected by the oxygenation level, with proline being more abundant at high Po2 and alanine being more important under low Po2 and anoxia. The oxygen consumption of the cells was essentially unaffected by osmotic stress and by the Po2 level. The osmotically induced changes in the free amino acid content of the cell involve flows of energy into and out of the free amino acid pool that appear considerable when compared with the energy available from oxidative metabolism. This suggests that de novo synthesis and complete oxidation have only a limited role in the supply and disposal of the free amino acids involved in osmotic regulation. GEOFFRION, Y., H. GUDERLEY et J. LAROCHELLE. 1986. The effect of oxygen availability on the osmoregulatory contribution of free amino acids in Acanthamoeba castellanii. Can. J . Zool. 64: 1430-1435. Chez Acanthamoeba, la disponibilitk de I'oxygkne exerce une influence considkrable sur la rCponse aux stress hyperosmotiques (250 a 500 mosmol/kg d'eau) et hypo-osmotiques (250 a 125 mosmol/kg d'eau). Ainsi, nous avons observC qu'aprks un choc hyperosmotique, la rkhydratation des cellules Ctait plus rapide a une Po2 de 54 Torr (1 Torr = 133.322 Pa) qu'a une Po2 de 5 Torr, malgrC de semblables augmentations du contenu cellulaire en acides aminCs libres dans les deux cas (2.3-2.4 fois). En anoxie, le comportement initial des cellules face aux deux types de chocs osmotiques Ctait de type osmomktre, et la contribution osmorCgulatrice des acides aminks libres, advenant un choc hyperosmotique, Ctait abolie. Cependant, aprks un choc hypo-osmotique, la baisse du contenu en acides aminks libres, bien que plus lente en anoxie, atteignait une valeur comparable a celles observkes en conditions aCrobies (1.8-2.5 fois) et semblait constituer le seul mCcanisme d'osmorCgulation encore fonctionnel. Le degrC d'oxygknation affectait Cgalement la composition du pool des acides aminks libres, la proline dominant a la Po2 la plus ClevCe alors que l'alanine s'avCrait plus importante a faible Po2 et en anoxie. Le fait de modifier I'oxygCnation et I'osmolalitC du milieu n'avait que peu d'effet sur la consommation d'oxygkne des amibes. Pourtant, les changements du contenu cellulaire en acides aminks libres provoquCs p a les chocs osmotiques impliquaient de grandes variations dans la valeur CnergCtique du pool. Ces variations, considCrables par rapport a 1'Cnergie produite par le mCtabolisme aCrobie, suggkrent une participation IimitCe de la synthkse de novo et de l'oxydation complkte a l'accumulation eta l'klimination des acides aminCs libres qui contribuent a 1'osmorCgulation.","publication":"Canadian Journal of Zoology-revue Canadienne De Zoologie","publication_with_fallback":"Canadian Journal of Zoology-revue Canadienne De Zoologie","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":49055690,"asset_id":6009449,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/49055690/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/49055690/The_effect_of_oxygen_availability_on_the20160923-6302-6c4gc9-libre.pdf?1474619876=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_effect_of_oxygen_availability_on_the.pdf\u0026Expires=1740144560\u0026Signature=WUoWVRa9nBPjSkKoJL4hImk-DvSwdHgBkktxZkuIa7g~jkJhreIuNLj5~TNAxvtN3znfslQTeQZznixsttQYwLsvix5Yl2tA4ByIWwK1U-0x2~LXYrNSvaaQbjId-9o~jTzXe~hNylDvCbVUEbcZVZjB8dbnDANKSdsp3bQw8wQZguMCDLBcjrmNF4WKufAuMDNFLAE142DF8q9AkltKIMCRmOClhj9xpVJ-IVglXc~LlU3-o47b3qW2vMtYv9K~2QWKH50wxOmXzyxqHw77OIlLaDLh7vu-kPDK4raUBz1DUc1NdU5AP6AJeF3WgJmS-4NUvr-OIyxRY0fpHBHbLg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49055690/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/49055690/mini_magick20190201-10960-dl0i6z.png?1549071073"}],"downloadable_attachments_with_full_thumbnails":[{"id":49055690,"asset_id":6009449,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/49055690/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/49055690/The_effect_of_oxygen_availability_on_the20160923-6302-6c4gc9-libre.pdf?1474619876=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_effect_of_oxygen_availability_on_the.pdf\u0026Expires=1740144560\u0026Signature=WUoWVRa9nBPjSkKoJL4hImk-DvSwdHgBkktxZkuIa7g~jkJhreIuNLj5~TNAxvtN3znfslQTeQZznixsttQYwLsvix5Yl2tA4ByIWwK1U-0x2~LXYrNSvaaQbjId-9o~jTzXe~hNylDvCbVUEbcZVZjB8dbnDANKSdsp3bQw8wQZguMCDLBcjrmNF4WKufAuMDNFLAE142DF8q9AkltKIMCRmOClhj9xpVJ-IVglXc~LlU3-o47b3qW2vMtYv9K~2QWKH50wxOmXzyxqHw77OIlLaDLh7vu-kPDK4raUBz1DUc1NdU5AP6AJeF3WgJmS-4NUvr-OIyxRY0fpHBHbLg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49055690/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/49055690/mini_magick20190201-10960-dl0i6z.png?1549071073"}],"has_pdf":true,"has_fulltext":true,"page_count":6,"ordered_authors":[{"id":8990311,"first_name":"Jacques","last_name":"Larochelle","domain_name":"ulaval","page_name":"JacquesLarochelle","display_name":"Jacques Larochelle","profile_url":"https://ulaval.academia.edu/JacquesLarochelle","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8990311/2934634/3435125/s65_jacques.larochelle.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":13827,"name":"Cell Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Biology","nofollow":true}],"publication_year":1986,"publication_year_with_fallback":1986,"paper_rank":null,"all_time_views":10,"active_discussion":{}}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_6009454" data-work_id="6009454" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6009454/AN_ALTERNATE_GROWTH_PATTERN_FOR_LAMINARIA_LONGICRURIS1_2">AN ALTERNATE GROWTH PATTERN FOR LAMINARIA LONGICRURIS1,2</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">A population of Laminaria longicruris de la Pylaie was followed for a year at Bic Island, Quebec, Canada where nutrient levels in the seawater were elevated throughout the year. Tagged kelp were measured each month for growth and analyzed... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_6009454" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">A population of Laminaria longicruris de la Pylaie was followed for a year at Bic Island, Quebec, Canada where nutrient levels in the seawater were elevated throughout the year. Tagged kelp were measured each month for growth and analyzed for alginic acid, laminaran, mannitol, carbon, nitrogen, and nitrate. Maximum growth (3.5 cm · d−1) was observed in June, and minimal growth (0.18 cm · d−1) from December to February, when ice cover limited light levels. No reserves of carbon or nitrate were formed. Laminaran levels remained below 2.7% dry weight while tissue nitrate did not exceed 0.75 μmol · g−1 dry weight. Total carbon produced per plant was 40 g C · yr−1. Nutrient availability enables the kelp to take advantage of summer light and temperature conditions to grow rapidly.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6009454" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="febb3e20a1e7397b9f62c8bebe900eb4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{&quot;attachment_id&quot;:49055680,&quot;asset_id&quot;:6009454,&quot;asset_type&quot;:&quot;Work&quot;,&quot;always_allow_download&quot;:false,&quot;track&quot;:null,&quot;button_location&quot;:&quot;work_strip&quot;,&quot;source&quot;:null,&quot;hide_modal&quot;:null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49055680/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by&nbsp;<span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="8990311" href="https://ulaval.academia.edu/JacquesLarochelle">Jacques Larochelle</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="8990311" type="text/json">{"id":8990311,"first_name":"Jacques","last_name":"Larochelle","domain_name":"ulaval","page_name":"JacquesLarochelle","display_name":"Jacques Larochelle","profile_url":"https://ulaval.academia.edu/JacquesLarochelle","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8990311/2934634/3435125/s65_jacques.larochelle.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_6009454 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="6009454"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 6009454, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_6009454", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_6009454 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6009454; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_6009454"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_6009454 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="6009454"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6009454; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=6009454]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_6009454").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_6009454").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="6009454"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13827" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Biology">Cell Biology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="13827" type="text/json">{"id":13827,"name":"Cell Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Biology","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=6009454]'), work: {"id":6009454,"title":"AN ALTERNATE GROWTH PATTERN FOR LAMINARIA LONGICRURIS1,2","created_at":"2014-02-09T12:21:15.716-08:00","owner_id":8990311,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/6009454/AN_ALTERNATE_GROWTH_PATTERN_FOR_LAMINARIA_LONGICRURIS1_2","slug":"AN_ALTERNATE_GROWTH_PATTERN_FOR_LAMINARIA_LONGICRURIS1_2","dom_id":"work_6009454","summary":"A population of Laminaria longicruris de la Pylaie was followed for a year at Bic Island, Quebec, Canada where nutrient levels in the seawater were elevated throughout the year. Tagged kelp were measured each month for growth and analyzed for alginic acid, laminaran, mannitol, carbon, nitrogen, and nitrate. Maximum growth (3.5 cm · d−1) was observed in June, and minimal growth (0.18 cm · d−1) from December to February, when ice cover limited light levels. No reserves of carbon or nitrate were formed. Laminaran levels remained below 2.7% dry weight while tissue nitrate did not exceed 0.75 μmol · g−1 dry weight. Total carbon produced per plant was 40 g C · yr−1. Nutrient availability enables the kelp to take advantage of summer light and temperature conditions to grow rapidly.","publication":"Journal of Phycology","publication_with_fallback":"Journal of Phycology","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":49055680,"asset_id":6009454,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/49055680/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/49055680/j.1529-8817.1981.tb00869.x20160923-14436-tktxkz-libre.pdf?1474619872=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAN_ALTERNATE_GROWTH_PATTERN_FOR_LAMINARI.pdf\u0026Expires=1740144560\u0026Signature=L52mp4Ci0Wr8Zz9JQHwgMkXByq3z9x4yEo5gMx6v-mfZROx6sgey6yTn~fd5wUaD75d~LhkYzhaQTZcRASc96t5ubxhq8XS7f-2MnKncwvrz5P3JKuWgyBszbqtsjzRSyet4p~udbwfnbG~POs19eWyt2bm0l2Abp9a4VdOCVSnqKIVSSCnnUW3meV8UhrvXnT9SBPEtaOj4K0GRDCnlLzfhvnysNUSr62P1nv8UHxj65GaqIsYKAj33D3Lu-JWiYpFNwJTgRh4nQ0AmlYGl2CnEBhYF~RpgB6HnysqorFBQoYztglPo5gHF9CQzuovbe~-VrO28Aw5imZ5ZHANDgQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49055680/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/49055680/mini_magick20190201-21392-p4qjwc.png?1549070912"}],"downloadable_attachments_with_full_thumbnails":[{"id":49055680,"asset_id":6009454,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/49055680/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/49055680/j.1529-8817.1981.tb00869.x20160923-14436-tktxkz-libre.pdf?1474619872=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAN_ALTERNATE_GROWTH_PATTERN_FOR_LAMINARI.pdf\u0026Expires=1740144560\u0026Signature=L52mp4Ci0Wr8Zz9JQHwgMkXByq3z9x4yEo5gMx6v-mfZROx6sgey6yTn~fd5wUaD75d~LhkYzhaQTZcRASc96t5ubxhq8XS7f-2MnKncwvrz5P3JKuWgyBszbqtsjzRSyet4p~udbwfnbG~POs19eWyt2bm0l2Abp9a4VdOCVSnqKIVSSCnnUW3meV8UhrvXnT9SBPEtaOj4K0GRDCnlLzfhvnysNUSr62P1nv8UHxj65GaqIsYKAj33D3Lu-JWiYpFNwJTgRh4nQ0AmlYGl2CnEBhYF~RpgB6HnysqorFBQoYztglPo5gHF9CQzuovbe~-VrO28Aw5imZ5ZHANDgQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49055680/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/49055680/mini_magick20190201-21392-p4qjwc.png?1549070912"}],"has_pdf":true,"has_fulltext":true,"page_count":8,"ordered_authors":[{"id":8990311,"first_name":"Jacques","last_name":"Larochelle","domain_name":"ulaval","page_name":"JacquesLarochelle","display_name":"Jacques Larochelle","profile_url":"https://ulaval.academia.edu/JacquesLarochelle","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8990311/2934634/3435125/s65_jacques.larochelle.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":13827,"name":"Cell Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Biology","nofollow":true}],"publication_year":2008,"publication_year_with_fallback":2008,"paper_rank":null,"all_time_views":10,"active_discussion":{}}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_6015395 coauthored" data-work_id="6015395" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6015395/THE_COOLING_POWER_OF_THE_PIGEON_HEAD">THE COOLING POWER OF THE PIGEON HEAD</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Resting pigeons preheated to a stable core temperature of 43.2˚C, which is within the range of body temperatures recorded during flight, were able to cool their body at high rates if their head and upper neck were exposed to an air stream... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_6015395" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Resting pigeons preheated to a stable core temperature of 43.2˚C, which is within the range of body temperatures recorded during flight, were able to cool their body at high rates if their head and upper neck were exposed to an air stream at 23.5˚C. The heat dissipation capacity of the head and neck, estimated from measurements made at a wind speed (100 km h Ϫ1 ) corresponding to fast flight, was 9.8 W, or 4.5 times the resting heat production. Since the greater part of this capacity, about 8 W, was attributable to the inner surfaces of the mouth, ram ventilation of the buccal cavity appears to be an important mechanism for increasing evaporative heat loss during flight. Accordingly, wind-assisted mouth cooling should be utilized by resting pigeons, since exposure to a slight breeze (approximately 10 km h Ϫ1 ) could augment their dissipating power by an amount equivalent to their resting metabolic rate. It is concluded that beak opening, together with a source of convection other than panting and gular flutter, is required to exploit fully the heat dissipation capacity of the buccopharyngeal mucosa of birds.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6015395" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4f1768e268c155fa022b3858b2a56888" rel="nofollow" data-download="{&quot;attachment_id&quot;:32959486,&quot;asset_id&quot;:6015395,&quot;asset_type&quot;:&quot;Work&quot;,&quot;always_allow_download&quot;:false,&quot;track&quot;:null,&quot;button_location&quot;:&quot;work_strip&quot;,&quot;source&quot;:null,&quot;hide_modal&quot;:null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32959486/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by&nbsp;<span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="8990311" href="https://ulaval.academia.edu/JacquesLarochelle">Jacques Larochelle</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="8990311" type="text/json">{"id":8990311,"first_name":"Jacques","last_name":"Larochelle","domain_name":"ulaval","page_name":"JacquesLarochelle","display_name":"Jacques Larochelle","profile_url":"https://ulaval.academia.edu/JacquesLarochelle","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8990311/2934634/3435125/s65_jacques.larochelle.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text">&nbsp;and&nbsp;<span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-6015395">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-6015395"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/RobertStlaurent">Robert Stlaurent</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-6015395'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-6015395').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_6015395 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="6015395"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 6015395, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_6015395", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_6015395 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6015395; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_6015395"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_6015395 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="6015395"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6015395; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=6015395]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_6015395").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_6015395").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="6015395"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="47884" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences">Biological Sciences</a>,&nbsp;<script data-card-contents-for-ri="47884" type="text/json">{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1764230" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Biology">Experimental Biology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1764230" type="text/json">{"id":1764230,"name":"Experimental Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Biology","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=6015395]'), work: {"id":6015395,"title":"THE COOLING POWER OF THE PIGEON HEAD","created_at":"2014-02-09T23:08:07.685-08:00","owner_id":8990311,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/6015395/THE_COOLING_POWER_OF_THE_PIGEON_HEAD","slug":"THE_COOLING_POWER_OF_THE_PIGEON_HEAD","dom_id":"work_6015395","summary":"Resting pigeons preheated to a stable core temperature of 43.2˚C, which is within the range of body temperatures recorded during flight, were able to cool their body at high rates if their head and upper neck were exposed to an air stream at 23.5˚C. The heat dissipation capacity of the head and neck, estimated from measurements made at a wind speed (100 km h Ϫ1 ) corresponding to fast flight, was 9.8 W, or 4.5 times the resting heat production. Since the greater part of this capacity, about 8 W, was attributable to the inner surfaces of the mouth, ram ventilation of the buccal cavity appears to be an important mechanism for increasing evaporative heat loss during flight. Accordingly, wind-assisted mouth cooling should be utilized by resting pigeons, since exposure to a slight breeze (approximately 10 km h Ϫ1 ) could augment their dissipating power by an amount equivalent to their resting metabolic rate. It is concluded that beak opening, together with a source of convection other than panting and gular flutter, is required to exploit fully the heat dissipation capacity of the buccopharyngeal mucosa of birds.","publication":null,"publication_with_fallback":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":32959486,"asset_id":6015395,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/32959486/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/32959486/329-libre.pdf?1392041442=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTHE_COOLING_POWER_OF_THE_PIGEON_HEAD.pdf\u0026Expires=1740144560\u0026Signature=RaVKf4BOlKPR74VPywZmm~bAt9J6NQibZP3mMVL8hwBtROH13R6DtscvqDzEbYq9szvRuA~zyPNbNQs98K7lysi-dgDdr1F2yyN5EFu4yy0LU4v~tzul9vuxycsYnVdTBiQOoTTxoBxQvQFMFGws3Lln9RpW8vJMFyaAaKKvr8X8kY-x6ovTjMRC1RCNq9lBQ0x09C0QG94yTJxOiB~i~lEvQqMA9ufWWkDlwiJ0fhxLzQlyzTkaHvfflCSPfltft-fvzFApCpaT3GaJmJDkqXXH0qBehx2GHNLtlfOPwHvA9bZgvl62GcxQkmIdUIgSigaqwyzgw1LU-tBXZvu8sQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32959486/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/32959486/mini_magick20190407-14667-qiqfy7.png?1554674015"}],"downloadable_attachments_with_full_thumbnails":[{"id":32959486,"asset_id":6015395,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/32959486/thumbnails/1.jpg","download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/32959486/329-libre.pdf?1392041442=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTHE_COOLING_POWER_OF_THE_PIGEON_HEAD.pdf\u0026Expires=1740144560\u0026Signature=RaVKf4BOlKPR74VPywZmm~bAt9J6NQibZP3mMVL8hwBtROH13R6DtscvqDzEbYq9szvRuA~zyPNbNQs98K7lysi-dgDdr1F2yyN5EFu4yy0LU4v~tzul9vuxycsYnVdTBiQOoTTxoBxQvQFMFGws3Lln9RpW8vJMFyaAaKKvr8X8kY-x6ovTjMRC1RCNq9lBQ0x09C0QG94yTJxOiB~i~lEvQqMA9ufWWkDlwiJ0fhxLzQlyzTkaHvfflCSPfltft-fvzFApCpaT3GaJmJDkqXXH0qBehx2GHNLtlfOPwHvA9bZgvl62GcxQkmIdUIgSigaqwyzgw1LU-tBXZvu8sQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA","download_file_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32959486/download_file?st=MTc0MDE0MDk2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","full_thumbnail_url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/32959486/mini_magick20190407-14667-qiqfy7.png?1554674015"}],"has_pdf":true,"has_fulltext":true,"page_count":11,"ordered_authors":[{"id":8990311,"first_name":"Jacques","last_name":"Larochelle","domain_name":"ulaval","page_name":"JacquesLarochelle","display_name":"Jacques Larochelle","profile_url":"https://ulaval.academia.edu/JacquesLarochelle","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8990311/2934634/3435125/s65_jacques.larochelle.jpg"},{"id":66598378,"first_name":"Robert","last_name":"Stlaurent","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RobertStlaurent","display_name":"Robert Stlaurent","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RobertStlaurent","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences","nofollow":true},{"id":1764230,"name":"Experimental Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Biology","nofollow":true}],"publication_year":1994,"publication_year_with_fallback":1994,"paper_rank":null,"all_time_views":36,"active_discussion":{}}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></div><div class="u-taCenter Pagination"><ul class="pagination "> <li class="page active"> <a href="/Departments/Biology/Documents">1</a> </li> <li class="page"> <a rel="next" href="/Departments/Biology/Documents?page=2">2</a> </li> <li class="page"> <a href="/Departments/Biology/Documents?page=3">3</a> </li> <li class="page"> <a href="/Departments/Biology/Documents?page=4">4</a> </li> <li class="page gap disabled"><a href="#" onclick="return false;">&hellip;</a></li> <li class="page"> <a href="/Departments/Biology/Documents?page=6">6</a> </li> <li class="next_page"> <a rel="next" href="/Departments/Biology/Documents?page=2">Next &rsaquo;</a> </li> <li class="last next"> <a href="/Departments/Biology/Documents?page=6">Last &raquo;</a> </li> </ul> </div></div></div></div></div></div></div> </div> <div class="bootstrap login"><div class="modal fade login-modal" id="login-modal"><div class="login-modal-dialog modal-dialog"><div class="modal-content"><div class="modal-header"><button class="close close" data-dismiss="modal" type="button"><span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span><span class="sr-only">Close</span></button><h4 class="modal-title text-center"><strong>Log In</strong></h4></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><button class="btn btn-fb btn-lg btn-block btn-v-center-content" id="login-facebook-oauth-button"><svg style="float: left; width: 19px; line-height: 1em; margin-right: .3em;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="facebook-square" class="svg-inline--fa fa-facebook-square fa-w-14" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M400 32H48A48 48 0 0 0 0 80v352a48 48 0 0 0 48 48h137.25V327.69h-63V256h63v-54.64c0-62.15 37-96.48 93.67-96.48 27.14 0 55.52 4.84 55.52 4.84v61h-31.27c-30.81 0-40.42 19.12-40.42 38.73V256h68.78l-11 71.69h-57.78V480H400a48 48 0 0 0 48-48V80a48 48 0 0 0-48-48z"></path></svg><small><strong>Log in</strong> with <strong>Facebook</strong></small></button><br /><button class="btn btn-google btn-lg btn-block btn-v-center-content" id="login-google-oauth-button"><svg style="float: left; width: 22px; line-height: 1em; margin-right: .3em;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="google-plus" class="svg-inline--fa fa-google-plus fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M256,8C119.1,8,8,119.1,8,256S119.1,504,256,504,504,392.9,504,256,392.9,8,256,8ZM185.3,380a124,124,0,0,1,0-248c31.3,0,60.1,11,83,32.3l-33.6,32.6c-13.2-12.9-31.3-19.1-49.4-19.1-42.9,0-77.2,35.5-77.2,78.1S142.3,334,185.3,334c32.6,0,64.9-19.1,70.1-53.3H185.3V238.1H302.2a109.2,109.2,0,0,1,1.9,20.7c0,70.8-47.5,121.2-118.8,121.2ZM415.5,273.8v35.5H380V273.8H344.5V238.3H380V202.8h35.5v35.5h35.2v35.5Z"></path></svg><small><strong>Log in</strong> with <strong>Google</strong></small></button><br /><style type="text/css">.sign-in-with-apple-button { width: 100%; height: 52px; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid black; cursor: pointer; } .sign-in-with-apple-button > div { margin: 0 auto; / This centers the Apple-rendered button horizontally }</style><script src="https://appleid.cdn-apple.com/appleauth/static/jsapi/appleid/1/en_US/appleid.auth.js" type="text/javascript"></script><div class="sign-in-with-apple-button" data-border="false" data-color="white" id="appleid-signin"><span &nbsp;&nbsp;="Sign Up with Apple" class="u-fs11"></span></div><script>AppleID.auth.init({ clientId: 'edu.academia.applesignon', scope: 'name email', redirectURI: 'https://www.academia.edu/sessions', state: "c234f2958ce8dc7b912e2303bfe5ee4a56027005eebf44d72e354bac664ae4fe", });</script><script>// Hacky way of checking if on fast loswp if (window.loswp == null) { (function() { const Google = window?.Aedu?.Auth?.OauthButton?.Login?.Google; const Facebook = window?.Aedu?.Auth?.OauthButton?.Login?.Facebook; if (Google) { new Google({ el: '#login-google-oauth-button', rememberMeCheckboxId: 'remember_me', track: null }); } if (Facebook) { new Facebook({ el: '#login-facebook-oauth-button', rememberMeCheckboxId: 'remember_me', track: null }); } })(); }</script></div></div></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><div class="hr-heading login-hr-heading"><span class="hr-heading-text">or</span></div></div></div></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><form class="js-login-form" action="https://www.academia.edu/sessions" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="I4MtYMlM7OdkL8i0uPkpDxt9EkC4ko-LeSb48JLyp1a_hnG3WTLZwDHkhDJjGoc2LwQKgwcbzybnZLwYThuKSQ" autocomplete="off" /><div class="form-group"><label class="control-label" for="login-modal-email-input" style="font-size: 14px;">Email</label><input class="form-control" id="login-modal-email-input" name="login" type="email" /></div><div class="form-group"><label class="control-label" for="login-modal-password-input" style="font-size: 14px;">Password</label><input class="form-control" id="login-modal-password-input" name="password" type="password" /></div><input type="hidden" name="post_login_redirect_url" id="post_login_redirect_url" value="https://ulaval.academia.edu/Departments/Biology/Documents" autocomplete="off" /><div class="checkbox"><label><input type="checkbox" name="remember_me" id="remember_me" value="1" checked="checked" /><small style="font-size: 12px; margin-top: 2px; display: inline-block;">Remember me on this computer</small></label></div><br><input type="submit" name="commit" value="Log In" class="btn btn-primary btn-block btn-lg js-login-submit" data-disable-with="Log In" /></br></form><script>typeof window?.Aedu?.recaptchaManagedForm === 'function' && window.Aedu.recaptchaManagedForm( document.querySelector('.js-login-form'), document.querySelector('.js-login-submit') );</script><small style="font-size: 12px;"><br />or <a data-target="#login-modal-reset-password-container" data-toggle="collapse" href="javascript:void(0)">reset password</a></small><div class="collapse" id="login-modal-reset-password-container"><br /><div class="well margin-0x"><form class="js-password-reset-form" action="https://www.academia.edu/reset_password" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="7vw_mIQAfWoTS3bpON9VhNEbqkwEBM_PJ7gq648iSeFy-WNPFH5ITUaAOm_jPPu95WKyj7uNj2K5-m4DU8tk_g" autocomplete="off" /><p>Enter the email address you signed up with and we&#39;ll email you a reset link.</p><div class="form-group"><input class="form-control" name="email" type="email" /></div><script src="https://recaptcha.net/recaptcha/api.js" async defer></script> <script> var invisibleRecaptchaSubmit = function () { var closestForm = function (ele) { var curEle = ele.parentNode; while (curEle.nodeName !== 'FORM' && curEle.nodeName !== 'BODY'){ curEle = curEle.parentNode; } return curEle.nodeName === 'FORM' ? curEle : null }; var eles = document.getElementsByClassName('g-recaptcha'); if (eles.length > 0) { var form = closestForm(eles[0]); if (form) { form.submit(); } } }; </script> <input type="submit" data-sitekey="6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj" data-callback="invisibleRecaptchaSubmit" class="g-recaptcha btn btn-primary btn-block" value="Email me a link" value=""/> </form></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/collapse-45805421cf446ca5adf7aaa1935b08a3a8d1d9a6cc5d91a62a2a3a00b20b3e6a.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb $("#login-modal-reset-password-container").on("shown.bs.collapse", function() { $(this).find("input[type=email]").focus(); }); }); </script> </div></div></div><div class="modal-footer"><div class="text-center"><small style="font-size: 12px;">Need an account?&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Click here to sign up</a></small></div></div></div></div></div></div><script>// If we are on subdomain or non-bootstrapped page, redirect to login page instead of showing modal (function(){ if (typeof $ === 'undefined') return; var host = window.location.hostname; if ((host === $domain || host === "www."+$domain) && (typeof $().modal === 'function')) { $("#nav_log_in").click(function(e) { // Don't follow the link and open the modal e.preventDefault(); $("#login-modal").on('shown.bs.modal', function() { $(this).find("#login-modal-email-input").focus() }).modal('show'); }); } })()</script> <div class="bootstrap" id="footer"><div class="footer-content clearfix text-center padding-top-7x" style=""><ul class="footer-links-secondary footer-links-wide list-inline margin-bottom-1x"><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/about">About</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/press">Press</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/documents">Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/topics">Topics</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/journals">Academia.edu Journals</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/hiring"><svg style="width: 13px; height: 13px;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="briefcase" class="svg-inline--fa fa-briefcase fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M320 336c0 8.84-7.16 16-16 16h-96c-8.84 0-16-7.16-16-16v-48H0v144c0 25.6 22.4 48 48 48h416c25.6 0 48-22.4 48-48V288H320v48zm144-208h-80V80c0-25.6-22.4-48-48-48H176c-25.6 0-48 22.4-48 48v48H48c-25.6 0-48 22.4-48 48v80h512v-80c0-25.6-22.4-48-48-48zm-144 0H192V96h128v32z"></path></svg>&nbsp;<strong>We're Hiring!</strong></a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://support.academia.edu/hc/en-us"><svg style="width: 12px; height: 12px;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="question-circle" class="svg-inline--fa fa-question-circle fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M504 256c0 136.997-111.043 248-248 248S8 392.997 8 256C8 119.083 119.043 8 256 8s248 111.083 248 248zM262.655 90c-54.497 0-89.255 22.957-116.549 63.758-3.536 5.286-2.353 12.415 2.715 16.258l34.699 26.31c5.205 3.947 12.621 3.008 16.665-2.122 17.864-22.658 30.113-35.797 57.303-35.797 20.429 0 45.698 13.148 45.698 32.958 0 14.976-12.363 22.667-32.534 33.976C247.128 238.528 216 254.941 216 296v4c0 6.627 5.373 12 12 12h56c6.627 0 12-5.373 12-12v-1.333c0-28.462 83.186-29.647 83.186-106.667 0-58.002-60.165-102-116.531-102zM256 338c-25.365 0-46 20.635-46 46 0 25.364 20.635 46 46 46s46-20.636 46-46c0-25.365-20.635-46-46-46z"></path></svg>&nbsp;<strong>Help Center</strong></a></li></ul><ul class="footer-links-tertiary list-inline margin-bottom-1x"><li class="small">Find new research papers in:</li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics">Physics</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry">Chemistry</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology">Biology</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Sciences">Health Sciences</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology">Ecology</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Earth_Sciences">Earth Sciences</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science">Cognitive Science</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematics">Mathematics</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science">Computer Science</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="DesignSystem" id="credit" style=""><ul class="u-pl0x footer-links-legal list-inline"><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/terms">Terms</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/privacy">Privacy</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/copyright">Copyright</a></li><li>Academia &copy;2025</li></ul></div><script> //<![CDATA[ window.detect_gmtoffset = true; window.Academia && window.Academia.set_gmtoffset && Academia.set_gmtoffset('/gmtoffset'); //]]> </script> <div id='overlay_background'></div> <div id='bootstrap-modal-container' class='bootstrap'></div> <div id='ds-modal-container' class='bootstrap DesignSystem'></div> <div id='full-screen-modal'></div> </div> </body> </html>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10