CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '913532f3baf65f40',cH: 'Dh5cfAXj5E5Qt6GKzjrRGRkhkNQBhWez2ARAAWpFU7Q-1739789243-1.2.1.1-fXfQ97TLXcDxIP_AW5W510c3SZpMMVmsISgh9xAu83GWWsT8N7aC0rnfGWt3X6UH',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=germination&__cf_chl_tk=0iIljkkJLu._UgPJ1IfK3LHtQcsu6TRtMq5T4Ow4Vsg-1739789243-1.0.1.1-FeKFO0tDo5Q1u7Hv76B.Lzm_Q65RZzoGuf3_TsH8s3g",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739789243',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=germination&__cf_chl_f_tk=0iIljkkJLu._UgPJ1IfK3LHtQcsu6TRtMq5T4Ow4Vsg-1739789243-1.0.1.1-FeKFO0tDo5Q1u7Hv76B.Lzm_Q65RZzoGuf3_TsH8s3g",md: "ej8KexiMcvVkRLPcK6bEYMroYMuWUOZM9D5kuqEXoLA-1739789243-1.2.1.1-G3nCby5P6HuTNW9c67zNAEkEmGGv7ZBjyM0JOg_PkiFzefjy2bMCNeOVONq7v1SqtX.JB.TQ0GypjSUepoHCPg_QcBHahCuLMEkCfNEKSKmdLqwMOArUsk9hEdqlDWoc84CX_TtOcvSY1GnurZ9GbJqa8WpYD1BVZ_f2WNpTvJ5LEyLm9BdLP2QmGlZFk5xeYx8uackkBRMVzsozh06X_IB2WiEoxa2vpo1GPwgjZ5QYzCviX9q95Z.u1VRHfiM.lym98SsMD7SxqftIAsRPbQbHIaRyfaoMQq8htyidlEQQPf3SDhpOM3Tr_7ET4kv0aqRAIp23Wu.9t9vNYflNeAa.j00ll0FmVVoxD48vwNnKLa2s4aK9IWp_rrYgth9SvYz04XjmA_5x11t.0p1_._lM.rsc5qQGTKeE51uS1j6zHpo0_YGkWPeJEUpQ0io5UP5aCecejZcM8crrsfRWEbuLGBCy5BNvIbyoC8fJN_IHcLUaQvtSERgs2RvAa9v9NcmVG6vcMGhmP86XQRtWKNDwTkfiEOu6OI_SXAx4hGzxz.YplyK6K08TxBAOUU9582EQT6ycI0X_T.2qp7.nLLV5uNvGEkZ_Nxd1hR7E24nlnsD2A1ZngXQr0ipXYe3qwkQIQWGFcmirRn3anSnr._vnUWy2ePi5nd6PZWeETtM6dF3OBGFvyqPfHtKAcdbn4RIdYtueGlNmtn01amHKMCx2yVpaHmYfMpQbLK3ZIpnwIotMXawCxyGitLQjicN.6Pku_3tXhHssFic5_B_CX1SAMSbRveWBjfpLOjdSjze1EcZLFahojjF9uQ_m2h5Ut8M30TYqDI1LyLp6ObdObbmMa41qKmz.kPlGw_9g6yHiY.vqTFeINbglsR72A9GtDKzKyO1m3cTsH0_8Oi1UVmzZm7Vlprt1EHfRuxiHZvlgWtMpnCTVAyj8a9nq3ospqE2fh5G9HOqARIifcXCIFh9vZkxT5eYQknfixzTTqo0X0C54kWQ47E5iHY0v8E9WYx3SMBcSHk6p_tgbYFEfeCQDwLtufGsLzr7decNNHHDrYSKGrL3Zl5gK4mW3JLDnjgFDerfJDvvUb0S8MPgsoltWnQmGGj92wfPlHFCU1lLRGWVix6_o.sRQcfYRdT5XTJXIViZTSP889rTg_fLeD_kXMhSCoZiTCWiFjK0dZaC.03_1znUnNHK93JcISdFC47N8Cd4kSRLmSE3HqOjNd8UY_JweMFuhv0NYe7mfJEzq_MssCMKd5zgui.5xZohXK8_3J8rM8mf7d9YIlHOUREzNwsapXvhHZuH.7z4dNSfYuStSer5Wf9wwFhiGKxJzKp86u5y.DTm1Io76kaoXThhGChcH3njeEgJXF2ggx0MhbX9Ti9bDDOfIwQy08fRNsTVZT9vHVy_kUBeGRPbljVtB8_qa_G4GynMz1qFxfAjU6nTVq4Vf79C5OBqLGUcSgyjyxLlMW8BniXVptohwG42UEDTJt7.z4c4ted8bqMBQ4Km5xSbjFVjFj2u2T.reBHXtPiBID9t8kRHIdCLOUGCxpMP51IzytIUDWqavSc6S_aBNhUMeeNl4OIwvxdG.pTH1lWJ5MHXFtgqoMYYZeMJYJxnMNB3CCJ58.Vo72OICGsJ.1hEqqTKuEKWsyK4o3KtTrhYsDivWx1VjSQ0pRxYBmorIWlIS0Mvk0HvJjtPsfv6OJsPKz5QHkx2CtkoovQ1_vE5d186TrCUhZM3eV2zalSNMeqLOlPgjtrM_psutIv7j4qGVOQ_zPkTPDOvh2Ttj5V1vnqeHgpC3ubQTIBiC_YTFfFs1VhT4EcwM8wq81jGWoNBrT0L3NpVQGeIj.t1e2c0nhwh6_oA8FgofaeYT.lFCG19E7mG0Wxibt59kdT2IvVPioWoTbY2PjgntdnWOwnyts5tbaT0aJnpKFA",mdrd: "t4q1rlscGXnv4nJW_tcagxKwjdMyBDoCAHR4OmpopK4-1739789243-1.2.1.1-WxIzREAn3sCvWjX9zrdR9ECFomxOgU2wv5NqZ85BipaC3FXBBaKuSWokkNGkIURiLMSro7.u9aO0fG3PsGbcG9YC58jAQ6skE5Zeiu7.JQyzbeikANqSCsFuAj_bXlx8w7rlTExRk6g3eGk__Mpat7ZPS4heIa_DXptOr59vjrsKa_7ZPefUBqoOVNNWTMaRidOeJljxlW18C4lRsiDL5_BhkWGw8OhtAOuRrYWgHrZ9EYt4eb4s.1LtqiZJC3T1vC7RdND82tuGCqYS__z6dah41lpgdMAw38d4AamBB_2hct2sGtotALRkA538KNQPvtWlk1gLKIrhBCkuAnbsuJvB0Q9PqJXTd6x2kZETPYzKXP32mTuxdWvBGtB.vHKXUjuNsAIZSxSzwDlhYbvkR6YSSd8Oi.TRvOIRzf8BCr30Xc.zZlvF3lXfF3d14DIVhcPlwUO0DaJjHCwP1mWgXbOlqYymE0QCRHk8aGFA7Gisu13byMvcqM7DJvUDNuPtRof528NGLYfteWzhzU371WduYjm2JEZc0RSER1t6r34TRXZpG_HCaMtaTlu8GE00Ay4HujmdAQ8uaLAlBe5L2bnNvRLNEE1kwgfUt2kZATffW7ispHF.k8mbv0rv_7dzH0fkJpCWdIhG9acfrKtmuLN5UAC8PmALW3cc3ctMUjR2TsXcfwjgnZF8tfz6awjS1tffDpqpzq4cWjXHbZZ1hqSidGXlpMOuVKzXbdMomeev6oGPBx1qNiBC2mc7giAbQZaChzB9sHcjblp3vnHExvlx7Es_33vboiHbMEiXLRYlpjodeoY.yZFkCOHXkwp5xpSbV2LD.N3DxBwNdNrM1NzmScwOXTrn7MbprnKtyeq9lH1KSPH7yACeBzNA7JYj8UaKAKOw_016Azcp0JqE6B5D8.ztK6JZyokHBEOCOe2ncjWRCcTAWpslgrYvc.XXQTHs11dGn3B5jyVISHqDjty5K.yc5odSGVWz.U0yw2AtrpUS0zBzs_tVp13_OVC7l2niO9tyXgY.JsjIM8VstCutPaho7LneMIf49F07XOucvJHXIzEIkMWZRVuwFKjHtybw9AhDrJxN.3SHmZX29KSxY0zkR8X9iAtGPlGzyUNLeGgdBYBat.llVQMOBNNl601hrAZVYYPh3DHJmEZUrJiRb4HCvfq_qvo8oAQfCRy.0p_Mnja0wzAf.DWYKOmumnX78A6JTZ0Bs8Eo8rZJe6y.Y8YkU3mzo4FPHA_FJYz20cOta_Q8HhpjfnERdRaNCzQLKVjgtDhLtlke3QChU_zQUDs63b12AqO6rq1U1hq2U9bK1IkEG5HIpFxTZ0hvVUgO0MC.x3zRQI_FaV3Id5GAs39pzuNBgTxyiy61FNJj6LreT17hngBDH41lR0dTGir3USSKZEmMuy7gxQEdzx5O8vphPPpSr8HbKuCYHglhhH7CQgP8tT8Fq2eIdSxh3kQ8Y_FEIaq3JpXkFeCvXuE1I4Ga5VuqTHPfxYlOJAJCjJfy6WexGtRde5Y2mokTx68ikkWguT07C7hLEURKbgXL8C4pOlxvclta03yfIwNWDqO46l.hbpqNqCMvizFTga62ubZ6f3Z1xq_bMFmIpqfXiR60Wwe7o8PjLtJXWKkG_CoWspWSqhATr4UONSp.6ufg4qse_Utl2FlKu9SD7UwKWJt0XbaS4ryOal.5KvVkTGdEyb_rYQegwcTEDxBj8fxRMPUybRjEQtCNDHkBYRxQdfnN6.x9RIggoyhlZxQpZyJCwSpTuhwHVr6a1Uwx7zQOFoML5Z_y6gOT7VYylSM_RMMuMNeuu.JJkkcPZ_z4LJbxVfYgPZYH2FcnzkKQ3ddkLuo_Hj91edtKQKocCjfQq4ef42nYTHGiOtCUBH2aqfBdBq87FHQQztprbh3mJtYt5gYtf6UZI.ogg7LZNbMIQw5oh0tG0cwMkI7IQUwzE8Mxdklnbm9ZuXo3a.Zz.GYKKcE2O1zZRC_SHz5y9jC7.S_1DwutIcH1Lp_NzBU"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=913532f3baf65f40';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=germination&__cf_chl_rt_tk=0iIljkkJLu._UgPJ1IfK3LHtQcsu6TRtMq5T4Ow4Vsg-1739789243-1.0.1.1-FeKFO0tDo5Q1u7Hv76B.Lzm_Q65RZzoGuf3_TsH8s3g" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>