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href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81" title="Европа Прес – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Европа Прес" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europa_Press" title="Europa Press – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Europa Press" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europa_Press" title="Europa Press – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Europa Press" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europa_Press" title="Europa Press – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Europa Press" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europa_Press" title="Europa Press – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Europa Press" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europa_Press" title="Europa Press – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Europa Press" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%B3" title="يوروبا برس – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="يوروبا برس" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europa_Press" title="Europa Press – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Europa Press" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A8%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AD%E3%83%83%E3%83%91%E3%83%BB%E3%83%97%E3%83%AC%E3%82%B9" title="ヨーロッパ・プレス – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ヨーロッパ・プレス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europa_Press" title="Europa Press – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Europa Press" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3060712#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Europa+Press%22">"Europa Press"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Europa+Press%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Europa+Press%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Europa+Press%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Europa+Press%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Europa+Press%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2011</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-COI plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-COI" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Unbalanced_scales.svg/45px-Unbalanced_scales.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Unbalanced_scales.svg/68px-Unbalanced_scales.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Unbalanced_scales.svg/90px-Unbalanced_scales.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="354" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><b> A major contributor to this article appears to have a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Conflict_of_interest" title="Wikipedia:Conflict of interest">close connection</a> with its subject.</b><span class="hide-when-compact"> It may require cleanup to comply with Wikipedia's content policies, particularly <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view" title="Wikipedia:Neutral point of view">neutral point of view</a>. Please discuss further on the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Europa_Press" title="Talk:Europa Press">talk page</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2019</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Tone plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-Tone" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article's <b>tone or style may not reflect the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Writing_better_articles#Tone" title="Wikipedia:Writing better articles">encyclopedic tone</a> used on Wikipedia</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> See Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Writing_better_articles#Tone" title="Wikipedia:Writing better articles">guide to writing better articles</a> for suggestions.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1242257876">.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-label{padding-right:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-below{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-locality,.mw-parser-output .ib-company-country{display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-company vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Europa Press</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Europa_press_logo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Europa_press_logo.png/220px-Europa_press_logo.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Europa_press_logo.png/330px-Europa_press_logo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Europa_press_logo.png/440px-Europa_press_logo.png 2x" data-file-width="1799" data-file-height="214" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Industry</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/News_media" title="News media">News media</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">1953</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data agent">Torcuato Luca de Tena</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="ib-company-locality locality"><a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a></div>, <div class="ib-company-country country-name">Spain</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Products</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Wire_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Wire service">Wire service</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://europapress.es">europapress<wbr />.es</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Europa Press</b> is a Spanish <a href="/wiki/News_agency" title="News agency">news agency</a> founded in 1953.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It broadcasts news 24 hours a day, publishing 3,000 articles on average per day.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Originally founded as a book distribution company by five <a href="/wiki/Monarchism" title="Monarchism">monarchists</a>, Europa Press became a news agency in 1966.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is a competitor to the <a href="/wiki/State-owned_enterprise" title="State-owned enterprise">state-run</a> news agency, <a href="/wiki/Agencia_EFE" class="mw-redirect" title="Agencia EFE">Agencia EFE</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBarreraApezarena2013188_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarreraApezarena2013188-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Europa_Press&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On September 23, 1953, Torcuato Luca de Tena published in <a href="/wiki/ABC_(Spain)" class="mw-redirect" title="ABC (Spain)"><i>ABC</i></a> that <a href="/wiki/Lavrenti_Pavlovich_Beria" class="mw-redirect" title="Lavrenti Pavlovich Beria">Lavrenti Pavlovich Beria</a>, leader of the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_police" class="mw-redirect" title="Soviet police">Soviet police</a>, was in <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a> following the <a href="/wiki/Death_and_state_funeral_of_Joseph_Stalin" title="Death and state funeral of Joseph Stalin">death</a> of <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stalin" title="Joseph Stalin">Joseph Stalin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA14_14][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA13_"Los_inicios_de_Europa_Press"]_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA14_14][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA13_"Los_inicios_de_Europa_Press"]-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since no one could verify the information, Luca de Tena was dismissed.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA14_14][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA13_"Los_inicios_de_Europa_Press"]_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA14_14][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA13_"Los_inicios_de_Europa_Press"]-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When he was thirty, he decided to write <a href="/wiki/Book" title="Book">books</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pamphlet" title="Pamphlet">pamphlets</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA14_14][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA13_"Los_inicios_de_Europa_Press"]_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA14_14][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA13_"Los_inicios_de_Europa_Press"]-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> founding an individual agency called Agencia Europea, where he hired his colleagues <a href="/w/index.php?title=Florentino_P%C3%A9rez_Embid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Florentino Pérez Embid (page does not exist)">Florentino Pérez Embid</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Andr%C3%A9s_Rueda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andrés Rueda (page does not exist)">Andrés Rueda</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lluis_Valls&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lluis Valls (page does not exist)">Lluis Valls</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gonzalo_Fern%C3%A1ndez_de_la_Mora" title="Gonzalo Fernández de la Mora">Gonzalo Fernández de la Mora</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Javier_Garc%C3%ADa_Vinuesa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Javier García Vinuesa (page does not exist)">Javier García Vinuesa</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA15_15][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA13_"Los_inicios_de_Europa_Press"]_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA15_15][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA13_"Los_inicios_de_Europa_Press"]-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with the aim of creating and spreading material containing pictures summarizing successful theatre plays or movies.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA10_10][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA9_"Prólogo"]_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA10_10][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA9_"Prólogo"]-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The name 'Europa' responds to the European vocation of this founding group. At the beginning, the name was accompanied with 'Documents and International reports'. Four years later, in 1957, due to prosperous business activity, Luca de Tena registered the company as Agencia Europa Press,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA10_10][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA9_"Prólogo"]_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA10_10][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA9_"Prólogo"]-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as it is still called today. The first <a href="/wiki/Logotype" class="mw-redirect" title="Logotype">logotype</a> represented <a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a> transformed into a <a href="/wiki/Bull" title="Bull">bull</a> while he is capturing <a href="/wiki/Europa_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Europa (mythology)">Europe</a>, and in turn it represented Europe as an ideal political and social region.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA10_10][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA9_"Prólogo"]_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA10_10][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA9_"Prólogo"]-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This project was initially associated with Florentino Pérez Embid, Andrés Rueda, Luis Valls, Gonzalo Fernández de la Mora, Javier García Vinuesa, Antonio Fontán and Ángel Benito, among others. The agency has had four head offices, always in Madrid and is presently located at Paseo de la Castellana. </p><p>In 1963, Antonio Herrero Losada was named director, a post he held until his retirement from active journalism in 1989. That same year, increased revenue along with the change of the head office led to substantial growth in the following years. In 1966, Europa Press started its informative service, competing with agencies like EFE, Logos, Pyresa, Fiel or Mencheta. A key person entered in the agency in 1968: Francisco Martín Fernández de Heredia. His personal and professional activities held the company avoid a shutdown in 1969. At the same time, he strengthened the business project in the following years until it became the solid multimedia group that it is today. </p><p>Despite the political pressures suffered, mainly in the second part of 1960s, especially from the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Information_and_Tourism" title="Ministry of Information and Tourism">Information and Tourism Ministry</a>, run by Manuel Fraga (he wanted the agency to merge with EFE and he even asked clients to end their contracts with Europa Press), the agency made it through in part thanks to Francisco Martín, who had been named managing director shortly before this conflict. Francisco Martín (1922–2011) continued playing a fundamental role in the company's growth over the next few decades until the end of the 1990s when he delegated his functions to his descendants. </p><p>In 1970, Europa Press started a new service that was called "Economic Summary", concerning political and economic information of the day and was later distributed by post to the clients. This information was easily transmitted because it circumvented the censorship that official channels suffered at that time. During the 1970s, Europa Press achieved some of its major successes, such as providing the worldwide exclusive of the death of the dictator <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Franco" title="Francisco Franco">Francisco Franco</a> and on the following year the designation of <a href="/wiki/Adolfo_Su%C3%A1rez" title="Adolfo Suárez">Adolfo Suárez</a> as <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Spain" title="Prime Minister of Spain">Prime Minister of Spain</a>. The press coverage of the disease and death of Francisco Franco resulted with the National Journalism Award in 1975. </p><p>In the 1990s, the agency started its territorial expansion and opened business delegations in each one of the <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_community" class="mw-redirect" title="Autonomous community">autonomous communities of Spain</a>, as well as created services in Catalan, Basque, Galician and Asturian.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 2005, the platform "Desayunos Informativos" was created. It was one of the first forums for debates in Spain. Presidents of the Government, ministers, presidents of Autonomous Communities, High State Institutions and foreign Prime Ministers have been some of the public figures that have participated in the "Desayunos". </p><p>In 2012, it was published that Europa Press has closed three years in negative equity because of the loss of clients and the reduction of its sponsorships; many of them were institutional or depended on public companies. The agency implemented a strategy based on the control of expenses and on April 11 fired 7 workers, 36 hours after of knowing that Journalist Union of Madrid called for syndical elections in three companies of the group. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Areas">Areas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Europa_Press&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Areas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Europa Press group is made up of several independent limited-liability companies, built around seven areas of business: </p> <ul><li>Europa Press Noticias <ul><li>Notimérica (Noticias de América Latina)</li></ul></li> <li>Europa Press Televisión</li> <li>Europa Press Reportajes</li> <li>Europa Press Comunicación</li> <li>Europa Press Internet</li> <li>Europa Press Ediciones</li> <li>Europa Press.Net</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Key_personnel">Key personnel</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Europa_Press&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Key personnel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Patri_Cutie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Patri Cutie (page does not exist)">Patri Cutie</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonio_Herrero_Losada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antonio Herrero Losada (page does not exist)">Antonio Herrero Losada</a></b>: Was the director who could show <a href="/wiki/Truth" title="Truth">truth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_speech" title="Freedom of speech">freedom of speech</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Courageousness" class="mw-redirect" title="Courageousness">courageousness</a> to the editors.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He faced <a href="/wiki/Sanctions_(law)" title="Sanctions (law)">penalties</a> that threatened his position.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA11_11][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA9_"Prólogo"]_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA11_11][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA9_"Prólogo"]-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When he retired in 1989, he wrote about the history of the Europa Press,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA11_11][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA9_"Prólogo"]_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA11_11][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA9_"Prólogo"]-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> though he died before he could finish in August 1992.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA12_12][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA9_"Prólogo"]_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA12_12][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA9_"Prólogo"]-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jos%C3%A9_Mario_Armero_Alc%C3%A1ntara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="José Mario Armero Alcántara (page does not exist)">José Mario Armero Alcántara</a></b>: He was president of Europa Press during decades after the end of the <a href="/wiki/Francoist_Spain" title="Francoist Spain">Francoist Spain</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was an important figure to the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_transition_to_democracy" title="Spanish transition to democracy">Spanish transition to democracy</a>, serving for <a href="/wiki/Juan_Carlos_I" title="Juan Carlos I">Juan Carlos I</a> and <a href="/wiki/Adolfo_Su%C3%A1rez" title="Adolfo Suárez">Adolfo Suárez</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA11_11][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA9_"Prólogo"]_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA11_11][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA9_"Prólogo"]-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Armero Alcántar carried on writing the history of the agency which Herrero Losada started.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA12_12][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA9_"Prólogo"]_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA12_12][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA9_"Prólogo"]-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Francisco_Mart%C3%ADn_Fern%C3%A1ndez_Heredia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Francisco Martín Fernández Heredia (page does not exist)">Francisco Martín Fernández Heredia</a></b>: He was president of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Junta_de_Fundadores&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Junta de Fundadores (page does not exist)">Junta de Fundadores</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chief_executive_officer" title="Chief executive officer">chief executive officer</a> and then president of Europa Press<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> after the death of Armero Alcántara.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA11_11][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA9_"Prólogo"]_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA11_11][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA9_"Prólogo"]-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fernández Heredia administrated the resources of the agency.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA11_11][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA9_"Prólogo"]_9-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA11_11][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA9_"Prólogo"]-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He sent a letter to <a href="/wiki/Carrero_Blanco" class="mw-redirect" title="Carrero Blanco">Carrero Blanco</a> so he help save the agency.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA11_11][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA9_"Prólogo"]_9-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA11_11][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA9_"Prólogo"]-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the beginning of 2007, Fernández Heredia planned to finish writing the history of the agency, but it was finished by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jes%C3%BAs_Fr%C3%ADas_Alonso&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jesús Frías Alonso (page does not exist)">Jesús Frías Alonso</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA12_12][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA9_"Prólogo"]_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA12_12][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA9_"Prólogo"]-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Europa_Press&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telecinco.es/autores/europa-press/">"Europa Press"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Telecinco" title="Telecinco">Telecinco</a></i> (in Spanish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-02-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Telecinco&rft.atitle=Europa+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telecinco.es%2Fautores%2Feuropa-press%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEuropa+Press" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.prensa.com/autor/Europa%20Press/">"Busqueda de Autor | La Prensa Panama"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/La_Prensa_(Panama_City)" title="La Prensa (Panama City)">La Prensa (Panama City)</a></i> (in Spanish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-02-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=La+Prensa+%28Panama+City%29&rft.atitle=Busqueda+de+Autor+%7C+La+Prensa+Panama&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.prensa.com%2Fautor%2FEuropa%2520Press%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEuropa+Press" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarreraApezarena2013" class="citation journal cs1">Barrera, Carlos; Apezarena, José (2013). "In Democracy As in Dictatorship: Government Pressures on the Spanish Private News Agency Europa Press". <i>The International Journal of Press/Politics</i>. <b>18</b> (2): 189. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1940161212474306">10.1177/1940161212474306</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+International+Journal+of+Press%2FPolitics&rft.atitle=In+Democracy+As+in+Dictatorship%3A+Government+Pressures+on+the+Spanish+Private+News+Agency+Europa+Press&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=189&rft.date=2013&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F1940161212474306&rft.aulast=Barrera&rft.aufirst=Carlos&rft.au=Apezarena%2C+Jos%C3%A9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEuropa+Press" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarreraApezarena2013188-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBarreraApezarena2013188_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBarreraApezarena2013">Barrera & Apezarena 2013</a>, p. 188.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA14_14][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA13_"Los_inicios_de_Europa_Press"]-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA14_14][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA13_"Los_inicios_de_Europa_Press"]_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA14_14][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA13_"Los_inicios_de_Europa_Press"]_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA14_14][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA13_"Los_inicios_de_Europa_Press"]_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFrías_Alonso2012">Frías Alonso 2012</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=53M-tMRxDM4C&pg=PA14">14</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=53M-tMRxDM4C&pg=PA13">"Los inicios de Europa Press"</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA15_15][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA13_"Los_inicios_de_Europa_Press"]-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA15_15][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA13_"Los_inicios_de_Europa_Press"]_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFrías_Alonso2012">Frías Alonso 2012</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=53M-tMRxDM4C&pg=PA15">15</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=53M-tMRxDM4C&pg=PA13">"Los inicios de Europa Press"</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA10_10][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA9_"Prólogo"]-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA10_10][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA9_"Prólogo"]_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA10_10][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA9_"Prólogo"]_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA10_10][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA9_"Prólogo"]_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFrías_Alonso2012">Frías Alonso 2012</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=53M-tMRxDM4C&pg=PA10">10</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=53M-tMRxDM4C&pg=PA9">"Prólogo"</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJosé_Apezarena2011" class="citation thesis cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">José Apezarena (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/tesis?codigo=163440"><i>Antonio Herrero Losada y Europa Press</i></a> (Thesis) (in Spanish). <a href="/wiki/Universidad_de_Navarra" class="mw-redirect" title="Universidad de Navarra">Universidad de Navarra</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=Antonio+Herrero+Losada+y+Europa+Press&rft.inst=Universidad+de+Navarra&rft.date=2011&rft.au=Jos%C3%A9+Apezarena&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdialnet.unirioja.es%2Fservlet%2Ftesis%3Fcodigo%3D163440&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEuropa+Press" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA11_11][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA9_"Prólogo"]-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA11_11][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA9_"Prólogo"]_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA11_11][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA9_"Prólogo"]_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA11_11][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA9_"Prólogo"]_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA11_11][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA9_"Prólogo"]_9-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA11_11][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA9_"Prólogo"]_9-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA11_11][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA9_"Prólogo"]_9-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFrías_Alonso2012">Frías Alonso 2012</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=53M-tMRxDM4C&pg=PA11">11</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=53M-tMRxDM4C&pg=PA9">"Prólogo"</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA12_12][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA9_"Prólogo"]-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA12_12][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA9_"Prólogo"]_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA12_12][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA9_"Prólogo"]_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrías_Alonso2012[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA12_12][httpsbooksgooglecombooksid53M-tMRxDM4CpgPA9_"Prólogo"]_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFrías_Alonso2012">Frías Alonso 2012</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=53M-tMRxDM4C&pg=PA12">12</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=53M-tMRxDM4C&pg=PA9">"Prólogo"</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://elpais.com/diario/1983/01/28/agenda/412556404_850215.html">"Mario Armero, notario"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/El_Pa%C3%ADs" title="El País">El País</a></i> (in Spanish). 1983-01-28. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1134-6582">1134-6582</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-02-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=El+Pa%C3%ADs&rft.atitle=Mario+Armero%2C+notario&rft.date=1983-01-28&rft.issn=1134-6582&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Felpais.com%2Fdiario%2F1983%2F01%2F28%2Fagenda%2F412556404_850215.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEuropa+Press" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArrosagaray2011" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Arrosagaray, Marcelino Martín (2011-09-25). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://elpais.com/diario/2011/09/25/necrologicas/1316901601_850215.html">"Francisco Martín, defensor de la libertad de expresión"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/El_Pa%C3%ADs" title="El País">El País</a></i> (in Spanish). <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1134-6582">1134-6582</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-02-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=El+Pa%C3%ADs&rft.atitle=Francisco+Mart%C3%ADn%2C+defensor+de+la+libertad+de+expresi%C3%B3n&rft.date=2011-09-25&rft.issn=1134-6582&rft.aulast=Arrosagaray&rft.aufirst=Marcelino+Mart%C3%ADn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Felpais.com%2Fdiario%2F2011%2F09%2F25%2Fnecrologicas%2F1316901601_850215.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEuropa+Press" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Europa_Press&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrías_Alonso2012" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Frías Alonso, Jesús (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=53M-tMRxDM4C"><i>De Europa a Europa: 30 años de historia vividos desde la noticia</i></a> (in Spanish). Palabra. p. 656. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788498407457" title="Special:BookSources/9788498407457"><bdi>9788498407457</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=De+Europa+a+Europa%3A+30+a%C3%B1os+de+historia+vividos+desde+la+noticia&rft.pages=656&rft.pub=Palabra&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=9788498407457&rft.aulast=Fr%C3%ADas+Alonso&rft.aufirst=Jes%C3%BAs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D53M-tMRxDM4C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEuropa+Press" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Europa_Press&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span 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