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dir="ltr"> <section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <p><b>ხოჭოები</b>,<i> ხეშეშფრთიანები</i> (<a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%97%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ლათინური ენა">ლათ.</a> <span lang="">Coleoptera</span>) — <a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%AC%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="მწერები">მწერების</a> რიგი.</p> <table class="infobox" cellspacing="1" style="width:22em;"> <tbody> <tr> <th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; font-size:125%; font-weight:bold; text-align:center; line-height: 130%; font-size:1.25em; color:black; padding: 10px 0px 10px 0px; background-color:pink;">ხოჭოები</th> </tr> <tr class=""> <td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98:Coleoptera_collage.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Coleoptera_collage.png/270px-Coleoptera_collage.png" decoding="async" width="270" height="257" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Coleoptera_collage.png/405px-Coleoptera_collage.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Coleoptera_collage.png/540px-Coleoptera_collage.png 2x" data-file-width="1411" data-file-height="1345"></a></span><br><span style=""><small></small></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; background: pink;"><a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%92%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ბიოლოგიური სისტემატიკა">მეცნიერული კლასიფიკაცია</a></th> </tr> <tr class=""> <td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;"> <div style="font-size: 98%; line-height: 1.3em;"> <table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody> <tr class=""> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; text-align:right; width:40%; font-weight: normal">სამეფო: </th> <td class="" style="text-align:left; width:60%;"><a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E1%83%AA%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ცხოველები">ცხოველები</a></td> </tr> <tr class=""> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; text-align:right; width:40%; font-weight: normal">ტიპი: </th> <td class="" style="text-align:left; width:60%;"><a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%94%E1%83%AE%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%AE%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ფეხსახსრიანები">ფეხსახსრიანები</a></td> </tr> <tr class=""> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; text-align:right; width:40%; font-weight: normal">კლასი: </th> <td class="" style="text-align:left; width:60%;"><a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%AC%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="მწერები">მწერები</a></td> </tr> <tr class=""> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; text-align:right; width:40%; font-weight: normal">რიგი: </th> <td class="" style="text-align:left; width:60%;"><i>ხეშეშფრთიანები</i></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; background: pink;">ლათინური სახელი</th> </tr> <tr class=""> <td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;">Coleoptera</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; background: pink; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.2em;"> <table width="100%" class="plainlinks" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:middle"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98:Wikispecies-logo.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/17px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/26px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/34px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="941" data-file-height="1103"></a></span><br><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Coleoptera" class="extiw" title="species:Coleoptera"><b>სისტემატიკა<br> ვიკისახეობებში</b></a></td> <td style="vertical-align:middle"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98:Commons-logo.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376"></a></span><br><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Coleoptera" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Coleoptera"><b>სურათები<br> ვიკისაწყობში</b></a></td> <td> <table width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="background:pink;"> <tbody> <tr> <td align="right" width="40%"><a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%97%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="გაერთიანებული ტაქსონომიის საინფორმაციო სისტემა">ITIS</a>  </td> <td class="plainlinksneverexpand" align="left"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic%3DTSN%26search_value%3D109216">109216</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="right" width="40%"><a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%92%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%AA%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ბიოტექნოლოგიური ინფორმაციის ეროვნული ცენტრი">NCBI</a>  </td> <td class="plainlinksneverexpand" align="left"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode%3DInfo%26id%3D7041%26lvl%3D3%26p%3Dmapview%26p%3Dhas_linkout%26p%3Dblast_url%26p%3Dgenome_blast%26lin%3Df%26keep%3D1%26srchmode%3D1%26unlock">7041</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="right" width="40%"><a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%AA%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AA%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%90?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="სიცოცხლის ენციკლოპედია">EOL</a>  </td> <td class="plainlinksneverexpand" align="left"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://eol.org/pages/345%26lvl%3D3%26p%3Dmapview%26p%3Dhas_linkout%26p%3Dblast_url%26p%3Dgenome_blast%26lin%3Df%26keep%3D1%26srchmode%3D1%26unlock">345</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="right" width="40%"><a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Fossilworks&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Fossilworks (ჯერ არაა დაწერილი)">FW</a>  </td> <td class="plainlinksneverexpand" align="left"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://fossilworks.org/bridge.pl?action%3DtaxonInfo%26taxon_no%3D69148">69148</a></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="ka" dir="ltr"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">სარჩევი</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AD%E1%83%9D%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E1%83%90%E1%83%A6%E1%83%AC%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">აღწერა</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AD%E1%83%9D%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%90"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">გამრავლება</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AD%E1%83%9D%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E1%83%99%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%90"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">კვება</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AD%E1%83%9D%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90_%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%96%E1%83%94"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">გავლენა გარემოზე</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AD%E1%83%9D%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%A0%E1%83%AA%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">გავრცელების არეალი</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AD%E1%83%9D%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E1%83%99%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">კლასიფიკაცია</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AD%E1%83%9D%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">ლიტერატურა</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="აღწერა"><span id=".E1.83.90.E1.83.A6.E1.83.AC.E1.83.94.E1.83.A0.E1.83.90"></span>აღწერა</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AD%E1%83%9D%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="სექციის რედაქტირება:აღწერა" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>რედაქტირება</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <p>მათი სხეულის სიგრძე 0,3 მმ–15 სმ აღწევს. აქვთ კარგად განვითარებული რთული თვალები (გამოქვაბულში მცხოვრებთ არ გააჩნიათ), წინწამოწეული ყბები, მღრღნელი ტიპის პირის ორგანოები, 10-11 — წევრიანი ულვაშები, საკმაოდ მტკიცე წინა <a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%A0%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ფრთები">ფრთები</a>, სიფრიფანა უკანა ფრთები, რომლებიც ზედა ფრთების ქვეშაა შეკეცილი და ფრენას ემსახურება. ისეთი ფორმები, რომელთაც უკანა ფრთები არა აქვთ, ვერ ფრენენ (<a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%96%E1%83%A3%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90_%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AD%E1%83%9D%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ბზუალა ხოჭოები">ბზუალა ხოჭოები</a>). ზედა ფრთები უმრავლეს შემთხვევაში მთლიანად ფარავს მუცელს, თუმცა ზოგიერთ ჯგუფში (სტაფილინები) დაუფარავი რჩება 2-5 სეგმენტი, ზოგჯერ კი ფრთები მთლიანად ატროფილებულია. წინა, შუა და უკანა მკერდზე თითო წყვილი ფეხია. ყველაზე კარგად წინა მკერდია განვითარებული, რომელიც ზევიდან წინა ზურგითაა დაფარული. ფეხები სხვადასხვა ტიპისაა: სასიარულო, სარბენი, სათხრელი (ფუნაგორიები) ან საცურავი (მოცურალები). მუცელი 9-ნაწევრიანია. მატლს აქვს 3 წყვილი მკერდის ფეხი, ზოგი (<a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E1%83%AA%E1%83%AE%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%92%E1%83%A0%E1%83%AB%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ცხვირგრძელასებრნი">ცხვირგრძელები</a>) უფეხოა.</p> <p>ხოჭოებს ახასიათებთ მკვეთრი, ლამაზი შეფერილობა, უფრო ხშირად მბრწყინავი ლურჯი ან მწვანე ელფერი დაკრავთ. თავდაცვის საშუალებად იყენებენ როგორც მფარველობით შეფერილობას, ისე სწრაფ სირბილეს, ხტომას, ფრენას, ტანატოზურ მდგომარეობას (გარინდება და მცენარეებიდან ვარდნა).</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="გამრავლება"><span id=".E1.83.92.E1.83.90.E1.83.9B.E1.83.A0.E1.83.90.E1.83.95.E1.83.9A.E1.83.94.E1.83.91.E1.83.90"></span>გამრავლება</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AD%E1%83%9D%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98&action=edit&section=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="სექციის რედაქტირება:გამრავლება" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>რედაქტირება</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <p>ხოჭოები გაყოფილსქესიანი და თითქმის ყოველთვის <a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%AA%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9B%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%90?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="კვერცხმდებლობა">კვერცხისმდებლები</a> არიან, იშვიათად — <a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%AA%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AA%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%A8%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%90&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="ცოცხლადშობა (ჯერ არაა დაწერილი)">ცოცხლადმშობები</a> (ზოგიერთი ფოთოლჭამია, სტაფილინები). პართენოგენეზური გამრავლება ახასიათებთ შავტანიანებს, ფოთოლჭამიებს და ცხვირგრძელებს. განვითარება სრული მეტამორფოზით ხდება (<a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%AA%E1%83%AE%E1%83%98?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="კვერცხი">კვერცხი</a>, <a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="მატლი">მატლი</a>, <a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E1%83%AD%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ჭუპრი">ჭუპრი</a>, <a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%92%E1%83%9D?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="იმაგო">იმაგო</a>). ზოგიერთ ოჯახს (<a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%AC%E1%83%98%E1%83%A4%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="სამწიფარასებრნი">სამწიფარასებრნი</a>) ახასიათებს ჰიპერმეტამორფოზი (გართულებული სრული მეტამორფოზი 6 და მეტი ფაზით).</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="კვება"><span id=".E1.83.99.E1.83.95.E1.83.94.E1.83.91.E1.83.90"></span>კვება</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AD%E1%83%9D%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98&action=edit&section=3&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="სექციის რედაქტირება:კვება" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>რედაქტირება</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98:Orange_Blister_Beetle_(Mylabris_pustulata)_on_Ipomoea_carnea_W_IMG_0593.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Orange_Blister_Beetle_%28Mylabris_pustulata%29_on_Ipomoea_carnea_W_IMG_0593.jpg/220px-Orange_Blister_Beetle_%28Mylabris_pustulata%29_on_Ipomoea_carnea_W_IMG_0593.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="150" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="882" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 150px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Orange_Blister_Beetle_%28Mylabris_pustulata%29_on_Ipomoea_carnea_W_IMG_0593.jpg/220px-Orange_Blister_Beetle_%28Mylabris_pustulata%29_on_Ipomoea_carnea_W_IMG_0593.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="150" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Orange_Blister_Beetle_%28Mylabris_pustulata%29_on_Ipomoea_carnea_W_IMG_0593.jpg/330px-Orange_Blister_Beetle_%28Mylabris_pustulata%29_on_Ipomoea_carnea_W_IMG_0593.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Orange_Blister_Beetle_%28Mylabris_pustulata%29_on_Ipomoea_carnea_W_IMG_0593.jpg/440px-Orange_Blister_Beetle_%28Mylabris_pustulata%29_on_Ipomoea_carnea_W_IMG_0593.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <i><a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Mylabris_pustulata&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Mylabris pustulata (ჯერ არაა დაწერილი)">Mylabris pustulata</a></i> </figcaption> </figure> <p>ხოჭოებს შორის ზოგი <a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%AA%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="მცენარეები">მცენარეებით</a> (<a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A4%E1%83%90%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ფიტოფაგები">ფიტოფაგები</a>), ხრწნადი ორგანული ქსოვილებით (<a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A4%E1%83%90%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="საპროფაგები">საპროფაგები</a>) იკვებება, ზოგი მტაცებელია. ფიტოფაგების თავის მხრივ ყოფენ 2 ჯგუფად: ხოჭოები, რომლებიც მცენარეთა მწვანე ნაწილებით იკვებებიან — ფილოფაგები (ფოთოლჭამიები, ცხვირგრძელები, ღრაჭები) და ხოჭოები, რომელთა მატლები ბალახოვან და მერქნიან მცენარეთა ქსოვილებში ბინადრობენ და ვითარდებიან (ცხვირგრძელების დიდი ნაწილი, ქერქიჭამიები, მემარცვლიები, პეწიანები და სხვა).</p> <p>საპროფაგებში გამოყოფილია 3 ძირითადი ჯგუფი: ხოჭოები, რომლებიც მცენარეთა ნარჩენებით იკვებებიან (შავტანიანები, ფირფიტულ-საშიანები, ტკაცუნები და სხვა); ხოჭოები რომლებიც ხერხემლიან ცხოველთა ექსკრემენტებით იკვებებიან- კოპროფაგები; ხოჭოები, რომლებიც ლეშითა და ცხოველური ნარჩენებით იკვებებიან — ნეკროფაგები (<a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A8%E1%83%98%E1%83%AD%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ლეშიჭამიასებრნი">ლეშიჭამიები</a>, ტყავიჭამიები). ხოჭოების დიდი ნაწილი ვითარდება მკვდარ, ლპობად მერქანში და წარმოადგენს გარდამავალ ფორმას ფიტოფაგებიდან საპროფაგებისაკენ. მტაცებელი ხოჭოები (ბზუალები, იამაიები, სტაფილინები და სხვები) იკვებებიან მწერებითა და მათი მატლებით, ჭიაყელებით, ხმელეთის მოლუსკებით და სხვა.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="გავლენა_გარემოზე"><span id=".E1.83.92.E1.83.90.E1.83.95.E1.83.9A.E1.83.94.E1.83.9C.E1.83.90_.E1.83.92.E1.83.90.E1.83.A0.E1.83.94.E1.83.9B.E1.83.9D.E1.83.96.E1.83.94"></span>გავლენა გარემოზე</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AD%E1%83%9D%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98&action=edit&section=4&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="სექციის რედაქტირება:გავლენა გარემოზე" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>რედაქტირება</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98:Clyte_b%C3%A9lier_-_MHNT_-_Vue_dorsale.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Clyte_b%C3%A9lier_-_MHNT_-_Vue_dorsale.jpg/220px-Clyte_b%C3%A9lier_-_MHNT_-_Vue_dorsale.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="175" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2891" data-file-height="2297"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 175px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Clyte_b%C3%A9lier_-_MHNT_-_Vue_dorsale.jpg/220px-Clyte_b%C3%A9lier_-_MHNT_-_Vue_dorsale.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="175" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Clyte_b%C3%A9lier_-_MHNT_-_Vue_dorsale.jpg/330px-Clyte_b%C3%A9lier_-_MHNT_-_Vue_dorsale.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Clyte_b%C3%A9lier_-_MHNT_-_Vue_dorsale.jpg/440px-Clyte_b%C3%A9lier_-_MHNT_-_Vue_dorsale.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Clytus_arietis&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Clytus arietis (ჯერ არაა დაწერილი)">Clytus arietis</a> </figcaption> </figure> <p>ხოჭოების დიდი უმრავლესობა სასოფლო-სამეურნეო კულტურების, საკვები ბალახების, ტყის მერქნიანი მცენარეებისა და საკვები პროდუქტების საშიში <a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D-%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%9D_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%AA%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%90_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="სასოფლო-სამეურნეო მცენარეთა მავნებლები">მავნებელია</a>. მავნეობის ხასიათის მიხედვით, ხოჭოები და მათი მატლები შეიძლება დავყოთ შემდეგ ჯგუფებად:</p> <ul> <li>ხოჭოები, რომლებიც მცენარეთა მწვანე ნაწილებით იკვებებიან (ფოთოლჭამიები, ცხვირგრძელები, <a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AD%E1%83%9D?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="მაისის ხოჭო">მაისის ხოჭოები</a> და სხვები),</li> <li>ნაყოფისა და თესლის მავნებლები (<a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%AE%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="მილხვევიასებრნი">მილხვევიები</a>, <a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%AA%E1%83%95%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="მემარცვლიასებრნი">მემარცვლიები</a>),</li> <li>ღეროს მავნებლები, რომლებიც მერქანსა და ქერქის ქვეშ ვითარდებიან (პექიანები, ხარაბუზები, ქერქიჭამიები და სხვები),</li> <li>ნიადაგში მობინადრე მცენარის ფესვთა სისტემის მავნებლები (ღრაჭების, ტკაცუნა ხოჭოების, შავტანიანებისა და სხვების მატლები),</li> <li>სასოფლო-სამეურნეო პროდუქტების მავნებლები (ბეღლის ცხვირგრძელა, ბრინჯის ცხვირგრძელა, ფქვილის ღრაჭიკა და სხვა).</li> </ul> <p>ხოჭოების მთელი რიგი სახეობები (ჭიამაიები, ბზუალები და სხვა) სასარგებლო მტაცებლები არიან და მათ მავნე მწერების წინააღმდეგ ბიოლოგიური ბრძოლისათვის იყენებენ. მაგ., <a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%A5%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%97%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="საქართველო">საქართველოში</a> ციტრუსოვანი კულტურების მავნებლების წინააღმდეგ იყენებენ ჭიამაიების ინტროდუცირებულ სახეობებს - <a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%93%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%90&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="როდოლია (ჯერ არაა დაწერილი)">როდოლიას</a>, <a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="კრიპტოლემუსი">კრიპტოლემუსსა</a> და <a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="ლინდორუსი (ჯერ არაა დაწერილი)">ლინდორუსს</a>.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="გავრცელების_არეალი"><span id=".E1.83.92.E1.83.90.E1.83.95.E1.83.A0.E1.83.AA.E1.83.94.E1.83.9A.E1.83.94.E1.83.91.E1.83.98.E1.83.A1_.E1.83.90.E1.83.A0.E1.83.94.E1.83.90.E1.83.9A.E1.83.98"></span>გავრცელების არეალი</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AD%E1%83%9D%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98&action=edit&section=5&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="სექციის რედაქტირება:გავრცელების არეალი" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>რედაქტირება</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98:Lady-beetle-close-up.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Lady-beetle-close-up.jpg/220px-Lady-beetle-close-up.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1305" data-file-height="903"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 152px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Lady-beetle-close-up.jpg/220px-Lady-beetle-close-up.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="152" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Lady-beetle-close-up.jpg/330px-Lady-beetle-close-up.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Lady-beetle-close-up.jpg/440px-Lady-beetle-close-up.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E1%83%AD%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ჭიამაიასებრნი">ჭიამაიასებრნი</a> </figcaption> </figure> <p>ხოჭოები ბინადრობენ მთელ დედამიწაზე, გარდა ანტარქტიდის, არქტიკის ყინულოვანი ზონისა და უმაღლესი მწვერვალებისა. ხოჭოების უძველესი ნაშთები ცნობილია ქვედა პერმული პერიოდიდან. ხოჭოების ძირითადი ჯგუფები ცარცულ პერიოდში ჩამოყალიბდა, თანამედროვე ხოჭოების მრავალი გვარი კი პალეოგენში უკვე არსებობდა.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="კლასიფიკაცია"><span id=".E1.83.99.E1.83.9A.E1.83.90.E1.83.A1.E1.83.98.E1.83.A4.E1.83.98.E1.83.99.E1.83.90.E1.83.AA.E1.83.98.E1.83.90"></span>კლასიფიკაცია</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AD%E1%83%9D%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98&action=edit&section=6&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="სექციის რედაქტირება:კლასიფიკაცია" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>რედაქტირება</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <p>ხოჭოების რიგს ყოფენ 3 ქვერიგად: Archostemata — ახასიათებთ მუცლისა და ფრთების შედარებით პრომიტიული აგებულება; Adephaga — ხორცისმჭამელები და Polyphaga — ნაირჭამიები. აღნიშნულ ქვერიგებში გაერთიანებულია 140 ოჯახი და 300 ათასამდე სახეობა. <a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%A5%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%97%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="საქართველო">საქართველოში</a> შედარებით სრულადაა შესწავლილი ისეთი ოჯახები, როგორიცაა <a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E1%83%AA%E1%83%AE%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%92%E1%83%A0%E1%83%AB%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ცხვირგრძელასებრნი">ცხვირგრძელასებრნი</a>, <a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9D%E1%83%97%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%AD%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="ფოთოლჭამიასებრნი (ჯერ არაა დაწერილი)">ფოთოლჭამიასებრნი</a>, <a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%A8%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98_%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AD%E1%83%9D%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="ულვაშფირფიტოვანი ხოჭოები (ჯერ არაა დაწერილი)">ულვაშფირფიტოვანი ხოჭოები</a>, <a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%96%E1%83%A3%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90_%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AD%E1%83%9D%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ბზუალა ხოჭოები">ბზუალა ხოჭოები</a>, <a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E1%83%A2%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%AA%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90_%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AD%E1%83%9D%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ტკაცუნა ხოჭოები">ტკაცუნა ხოჭოები</a>, <a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E1%83%A8%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="შავტანიანასებრნი">შავტანიანასებრნი</a> და სხვები.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="ლიტერატურა"><span id=".E1.83.9A.E1.83.98.E1.83.A2.E1.83.94.E1.83.A0.E1.83.90.E1.83.A2.E1.83.A3.E1.83.A0.E1.83.90"></span>ლიტერატურა</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AD%E1%83%9D%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98&action=edit&section=7&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="სექციის რედაქტირება:ლიტერატურა" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>რედაქტირება</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <ul> <li><cite class="book" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFქსე1984"> <a href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E1%83%A5%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%97%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%91%E1%83%AD%E1%83%9D%E1%83%97%E1%83%90_%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%90?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ქართული საბჭოთა ენციკლოპედია">ქართული საბჭოთა ენციკლოპედია</a>, ტ. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://georgianencyclopedia.ge/pdf/7.pdf">7</a>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3722932">.mw-parser-output .ts-comment-commentedText{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}@media(hover:none){.mw-parser-output .ts-comment-commentedText:not(.rt-commentedText){border-bottom:0;cursor:auto}}</style><span class="ts-comment-commentedText" title="ბეჭდვითი სიტყვის კომბინატი">თბ.</span>, 1984. — გვ. 505.</cite></li> </ul> </section> </div> <noscript> <img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=mobile&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"> </noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet=""> მოძიებულია „<a dir="ltr" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ka.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3D%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AD%E1%83%9D%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%26oldid%3D4411942">https://ka.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ხოჭოები&oldid=4411942</a>“-დან </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"><a class="last-modified-bar" href="https://ka-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AD%E1%83%9D%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98&action=history&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"><span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-medium minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="გიო ოქრო" data-user-gender="male" data-timestamp="1661717539"> <span>ბოლოს დარედაქტირდა 28 აგვისტო 2022-ში, 20:12-ზე</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div></a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id="mw-data-after-content"> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>ენები</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kewer" title="Kewer — აფრიკაანსი" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Kewer" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="აფრიკაანსი" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2589%25A0%25E1%2588%25AB%25E1%2589%25A5%25E1%2588%25AA%25E1%2589%25B5" title="በራብሪት — ამჰარული" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="በራብሪት" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="ამჰარული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coleoptera" title="Coleoptera — არაგონული" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Coleoptera" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="არაგონული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceafer" title="Ceafer — ძველი ინგლისური" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Ceafer" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="ძველი ინგლისური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25AE%25D9%2586%25D8%25A7%25D9%2581%25D8%25B3" title="خنافس — არაბული" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="خنافس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="არაბული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25AE%25D9%2586%25D8%25A7%25D9%2581%25D8%25B3" title="خنافس — Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="خنافس" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coleoptera" title="Coleoptera — ასტურიული" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Coleoptera" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="ასტურიული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-atj mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://atj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emikwanisis" title="Emikwanisis — ატიკამეკი" lang="atj" hreflang="atj" data-title="Emikwanisis" data-language-autonym="Atikamekw" data-language-local-name="ატიკამეკი" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Atikamekw</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%25C9%2599rtqanadl%25C4%25B1lar" title="Sərtqanadlılar — აზერბაიჯანული" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Sərtqanadlılar" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="აზერბაიჯანული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D2%25A0%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D1%258B_%25D2%25A1%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25BB%25D1%258B%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580" title="Ҡаты ҡанатлылар — ბაშკირული" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Ҡаты ҡанатлылар" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="ბაშკირული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vombuol%25C4%2597" title="Vombuolė — Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Vombuolė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amamanggi" title="Amamanggi — Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Amamanggi" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2596%25D1%2583%25D0%25BA%25D1%2596" title="Жукі — ბელარუსული" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Жукі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="ბელარუსული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A6%25D1%258C%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BA%25D1%2580%25D1%258B%25D0%25BB%25D1%258B%25D1%258F" title="Цьвердакрылыя — Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Цьвердакрылыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2591%25D1%2580%25D1%258A%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B1%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8" title="Бръмбари — ბულგარული" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Бръмбари" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="ბულგარული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%2597%25E0%25A7%2581%25E0%25A6%25AC%25E0%25A6%25B0%25E0%25A7%2587_%25E0%25A6%25AA%25E0%25A7%258B%25E0%25A6%2595%25E0%25A6%25BE" title="গুবরে পোকা — ბენგალური" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="গুবরে পোকা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="ბენგალური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%2527hwil" title="C'hwil — ბრეტონული" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="C'hwil" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="ბრეტონული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tvrdokrilci" title="Tvrdokrilci — ბოსნიური" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Tvrdokrilci" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="ბოსნიური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cole%25C3%25B2pters" title="Coleòpters — კატალანური" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Coleòpters" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="კატალანური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakukangon" title="Bakukangon — სებუანო" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Bakukangon" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="სებუანო" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2582%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25DB%2586%25D9%2586%25DA%2586%25DB%2595" title="قالۆنچە — ცენტრალური ქურთული" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="قالۆنچە" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="ცენტრალური ქურთული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brouci" title="Brouci — ჩეხური" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Brouci" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ჩეხური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259F%25D0%25B8%25D1%2580%25D1%2587%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B2_%25C3%25A7%25D1%2583%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B8%25D1%2581%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BC" title="Пирчев çунатлисем — ჩუვაშური" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Пирчев çунатлисем" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="ჩუვაშური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chwilen" title="Chwilen — უელსური" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Chwilen" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="უელსური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biller" title="Biller — დანიური" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Biller" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="დანიური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="რჩეული სტატია"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%25C3%25A4fer" title="Käfer — გერმანული" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Käfer" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="გერმანული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25CE%259A%25CE%25BF%25CE%25BB%25CE%25B5%25CF%258C%25CF%2580%25CF%2584%25CE%25B5%25CF%2581%25CE%25B1" title="Κολεόπτερα — ბერძნული" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κολεόπτερα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="ბერძნული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="კარგი სტატია"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beetle" title="Beetle — ინგლისური" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Beetle" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ინგლისური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koleopteroj" title="Koleopteroj — ესპერანტო" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Koleopteroj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="ესპერანტო" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="კარგი სტატია"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coleoptera" title="Coleoptera — ესპანური" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Coleoptera" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="ესპანური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mardikalised" title="Mardikalised — ესტონური" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Mardikalised" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="ესტონური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kakalardo" title="Kakalardo — ბასკური" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kakalardo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="ბასკური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2582%25D8%25A7%25D8%25A8%25E2%2580%258C%25D8%25A8%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586" title="قاب‌بالان — სპარსული" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="قاب‌بالان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="სპარსული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kovakuoriaiset" title="Kovakuoriaiset — ფინური" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kovakuoriaiset" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="ფინური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coleoptera" title="Coleoptera — ფრანგული" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Coleoptera" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="ფრანგული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kraaben_(Insekten)" title="Kraaben (Insekten) — ჩრდილოფრიზიული" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Kraaben (Insekten)" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="ჩრდილოფრიზიული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coleoptera" title="Coleoptera — ირლანდიური" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Coleoptera" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ირლანდიური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cole%25C3%25B3pteros" title="Coleópteros — გალისიური" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Coleópteros" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="გალისიური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lembu" title="Lembu — გუარანი" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Lembu" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="გუარანი" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buzuzu" title="Buzuzu — ჰაუსა" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Buzuzu" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="ჰაუსა" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%25C3%25BB-%25C3%25A9" title="Kû-é — Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Kû-é" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%2597%25D7%2599%25D7%25A4%25D7%2595%25D7%25A9%25D7%2599%25D7%2595%25D7%25AA" title="חיפושיות — ებრაული" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="חיפושיות" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ებრაული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A4%25AA%25E0%25A4%2582%25E0%25A4%2596%25E0%25A5%2580" title="वर्मपंखी — ჰინდი" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="वर्मपंखी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="ჰინდი" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kornja%25C5%25A1i" title="Kornjaši — ხორვატული" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kornjaši" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="ხორვატული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruki" title="Bruki — ზემოსორბული" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Bruki" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="ზემოსორბული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bogarak" title="Bogarak — უნგრული" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Bogarak" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="უნგრული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D4%25B2%25D5%25A6%25D5%25A5%25D5%25A6%25D5%25B6%25D5%25A5%25D6%2580" title="Բզեզներ — სომხური" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Բզեզներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="სომხური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coleoptero" title="Coleoptero — ინტერლინგუალური" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Coleoptero" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="ინტერლინგუალური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumbang" title="Kumbang — ინდონეზიური" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kumbang" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="ინდონეზიური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A7%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B3%25D0%25B0%25D1%2588" title="Чоапилгаш — ინგუშური" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Чоапилгаш" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="ინგუშური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koleoptero" title="Koleoptero — იდო" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Koleoptero" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="იდო" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bj%25C3%25B6llur" title="Bjöllur — ისლანდიური" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Bjöllur" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="ისლანდიური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coleoptera" title="Coleoptera — იტალიური" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Coleoptera" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="იტალიური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E7%2594%25B2%25E8%2599%25AB%25E9%25A1%259E" title="甲虫類 — იაპონური" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="甲虫類" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="იაპონური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumbang" title="Kumbang — იავური" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Kumbang" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="იავური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izinzer" title="Izinzer — კაბილური" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Izinzer" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="კაბილური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%25CC%25B1mumu" title="A̱mumu — ტიაპი" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="A̱mumu" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="ტიაპი" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D2%259A%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D1%2582%25D1%258B_%25D2%259B%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D1%2582%25D1%258B%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580" title="Қатты қанаттылар — ყაზახური" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Қатты қанаттылар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="ყაზახური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B2%25A6%25E0%25B3%2581%25E0%25B2%2582%25E0%25B2%25AC%25E0%25B2%25BF" title="ದುಂಬಿ — კანადა" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ದುಂಬಿ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="კანადა" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EB%2594%25B1%25EC%25A0%2595%25EB%25B2%258C%25EB%25A0%2588%25EB%25AA%25A9" title="딱정벌레목 — კორეული" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="딱정벌레목" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="კორეული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%25C3%25AAzik" title="Kêzik — ქურთული" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Kêzik" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="ქურთული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hwilen" title="Hwilen — კორნული" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Hwilen" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="კორნული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25BE%25D2%25A3%25D1%2583%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580" title="Коңуздар — ყირგიზული" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Коңуздар" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="ყირგიზული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coleoptera" title="Coleoptera — ლათინური" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Coleoptera" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="ლათინური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiewerleken" title="Kiewerleken — ლუქსემბურგული" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Kiewerleken" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="ლუქსემბურგული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scarabe" title="Scarabe — Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Scarabe" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%25C3%25ABifer" title="Chëifer — Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Chëifer" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="კარგი სტატია"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vabalai" title="Vabalai — ლიეტუვური" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Vabalai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="ლიეტუვური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="კარგი სტატია"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaboles" title="Vaboles — ლატვიური" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Vaboles" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="ლატვიური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borera" title="Borera — მალაგასიური" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Borera" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="მალაგასიური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A2%25D0%25B2%25D1%2580%25D0%25B4%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BA%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BB%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8" title="Тврдокрилци — მაკედონური" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Тврдокрилци" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="მაკედონური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B4%25B5%25E0%25B4%25A3%25E0%25B5%258D%25E0%25B4%259F%25E0%25B5%258D" title="വണ്ട് — მალაიალამური" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="വണ്ട്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="მალაიალამური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumbang" title="Kumbang — მალაიური" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kumbang" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="მალაიური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2580%2581%25E1%2580%25BB%25E1%2580%25B1%25E1%2580%2596%25E1%2580%25AC%25E1%2580%2595%25E1%2580%25AD%25E1%2580%25AF%25E1%2580%25B8" title="ချေဖာပိုး — ბირმული" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ချေဖာပိုး" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="ბირმული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%25C3%25A4vers" title="Kävers — ქვემოგერმანული" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Kävers" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="ქვემოგერმანული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kevers" title="Kevers — ნიდერლანდური" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kevers" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="ნიდერლანდური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biller" title="Biller — ნორვეგიული ნიუნორსკი" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Biller" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="ნორვეგიული ნიუნორსკი" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biller" title="Biller — ნორვეგიული ბუკმოლი" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Biller" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="ნორვეგიული ბუკმოლი" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%25C3%25A9%25C5%2582chaa%25CA%25BC" title="Chéłchaaʼ — ნავახო" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Chéłchaaʼ" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="ნავახო" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coleopt%25C3%25A8r" title="Coleoptèr — ოქსიტანური" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Coleoptèr" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="ოქსიტანური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A5%25D1%258A%25C3%25A6%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BB%25D1%2582%25C3%25A6" title="Хъæндилтæ — ოსური" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Хъæндилтæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ოსური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A8%25AD%25E0%25A9%2582%25E0%25A9%25B0%25E0%25A8%25A1" title="ਭੂੰਡ — პენჯაბური" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਭੂੰਡ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="პენჯაბური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coleoptera" title="Coleoptera — პამპანგა" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Coleoptera" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="პამპანგა" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pfl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pfl.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%25C3%25A4fer" title="Käfer — Palatine German" lang="pfl" hreflang="pfl" data-title="Käfer" data-language-autonym="Pälzisch" data-language-local-name="Palatine German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pälzisch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrz%25C4%2585szcze" title="Chrząszcze — პოლონური" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Chrząszcze" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="პოლონური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DA%25AF%25D9%2588%25D9%2586%25DA%25AF%25D9%25BC%25D9%2587" title="گونگټه — პუშტუ" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="گونگټه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="პუშტუ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Besouro" title="Besouro — პორტუგალიური" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Besouro" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="პორტუგალიური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suntu" title="Suntu — კეჩუა" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Suntu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="კეჩუა" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coleopter" title="Coleopter — რუმინული" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Coleopter" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="რუმინული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="რჩეული სტატია"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2596%25D0%25B5%25D1%2581%25D1%2582%25D0%25BA%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BA%25D1%2580%25D1%258B%25D0%25BB%25D1%258B%25D0%25B5" title="Жесткокрылые — რუსული" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Жесткокрылые" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="რუსული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tvrdokrilci" title="Tvrdokrilci — სერბულ-ხორვატული" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Tvrdokrilci" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="სერბულ-ხორვატული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B6%259A%25E0%25B7%2594%25E0%25B6%25BB%25E0%25B7%2594%25E0%25B6%25B8%25E0%25B7%2592%25E0%25B6%25AB%25E0%25B7%2592%25E0%25B6%25BA%25E0%25B7%258F" title="කුරුමිණියා — სინჰალური" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="කුරුමිණියා" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="სინჰალური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beetle" title="Beetle — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Beetle" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrob%25C3%25A1ky" title="Chrobáky — სლოვაკური" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Chrobáky" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="სლოვაკური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hro%25C5%25A1%25C4%258Di" title="Hrošči — სლოვენური" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Hrošči" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="სლოვენური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="რჩეული სტატია"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A2%25D0%25B2%25D1%2580%25D0%25B4%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BA%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BB%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8" title="Тврдокрилци — სერბული" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Тврдокрилци" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="სერბული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruste" title="Ruste — Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Ruste" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumbang" title="Kumbang — სუნდური" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Kumbang" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="სუნდური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skalbaggar" title="Skalbaggar — შვედური" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Skalbaggar" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="შვედური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbawakawa" title="Mbawakawa — სუაჰილი" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Mbawakawa" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="სუაჰილი" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AE%25B5%25E0%25AE%25A3%25E0%25AF%258D%25E0%25AE%259F%25E0%25AF%2581" title="வண்டு — ტამილური" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வண்டு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="ტამილური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2593%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B1%25D1%2583%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D2%25B3%25D0%25BE" title="Гамбускҳо — ტაჯიკური" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Гамбускҳо" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="ტაჯიკური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B8%25AD%25E0%25B8%25B1%25E0%25B8%2599%25E0%25B8%2594%25E0%25B8%25B1%25E0%25B8%259A%25E0%25B8%2594%25E0%25B9%2589%25E0%25B8%25A7%25E0%25B8%2587" title="อันดับด้วง — ტაილანდური" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อันดับด้วง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="ტაილანდური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uwang" title="Uwang — Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Uwang" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%25C4%25B1n_kanatl%25C4%25B1lar" title="Kın kanatlılar — თურქული" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kın kanatlılar" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="თურქული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25BE%25D2%25A3%25D0%25B3%25D1%258B%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580" title="Коңгызлар — თათრული" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Коңгызлар" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="თათრული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="კარგი სტატია"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A2%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D0%25B4%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BA%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BB%25D1%2596" title="Твердокрилі — უკრაინული" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Твердокрилі" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="უკრაინული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A8%25DA%25BE%25D9%2588%25D9%2586%25D8%25B1%25D8%25A7" title="بھونرا — ურდუ" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="بھونرا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ურდუ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qo%25CA%25BBng%25CA%25BBizlar" title="Qoʻngʻizlar — უზბეკური" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Qoʻngʻizlar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="უზბეკური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%25E1%25BB%258D_c%25C3%25A1nh_c%25E1%25BB%25A9ng" title="Bọ cánh cứng — ვიეტნამური" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bọ cánh cứng" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="ვიეტნამური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keevrs" title="Keevrs — West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Keevrs" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagang" title="Bagang — ვარაი" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Bagang" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="ვარაი" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E9%259E%2598%25E7%25BF%2585%25E7%259B%25AE" title="鞘翅目 — ვუ" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="鞘翅目" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="ვუ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%2596%25D7%25A9%25D7%2595%25D7%25A7" title="זשוק — იდიში" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="זשוק" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="იდიში" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E9%259E%2598%25E7%25BF%2585%25E7%259B%25AE" title="鞘翅目 — ჩინური" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="鞘翅目" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="ჩინური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ku-%25C3%25A1_(th%25C3%25A2ng)" title="Ku-á (thâng) — Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Ku-á (thâng)" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E7%2594%25B2%25E8%259F%25B2" title="甲蟲 — კანტონური" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="甲蟲" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="კანტონური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"> <img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-ka.svg" alt="ვიკიპედია" width="119" height="24" style="width: 7.4375em; height: 1.5em;"> </div> <ul id="footer-info" 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