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manager</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: sports manager"> <meta name="keywords" content="sports manager"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="sports manager"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 991</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: sports manager</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">991</span> Sports Development in Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bakari%20Mohammed">Bakari Mohammed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sports performance and achievements have been the avenue through which great nations of the world exhibit their supremacy over others through sports development strategy. Effective sports development, therefore, requires variables like sports policy, sports funding, sports programme, sports facilities and sponsorship. The extent to what these variables are met shall no doubt affects the effectiveness of any sports development. Two distinguishing features of the Nigerian sports system are its central organization and its employment for specific socio-political objectives, it is against this backdrop that this paper will x-ray the politicization of sports which parallels sports development in the enhanced role of sports and in contrast with developed nations system and management. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sport%20development" title="sport development">sport development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sport%20policy" title=" sport policy"> sport policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personnel" title=" personnel"> personnel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=program" title=" program"> program</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=facilities" title=" facilities"> facilities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=funding" title=" funding"> funding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sponsorship" title=" sponsorship"> sponsorship</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35152/sports-development-in-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35152.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">524</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">990</span> Sports and Beauty: Translating the History of Aesthetics into Today’s World of Sports</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Matthew%20McNees">Matthew McNees</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An inductive aesthetic approach to sports yields critical and meaningful insight into sports philosophy, sports governance, and sports history. Critical reflection will always remain key to the analysis of the past, present and future of sporting institutions, but a philosophically imaginative method of induction allows certain salient connections to be articulated and potentially implemented between various sporting entities who exist as individuals, particularly between practitioner, owner/manager and observer (‘fan’ or interested party.) By honing in on the concept of beauty in sports, the primary reason for viewership, consumption or engagement with sports comes into focus as an aesthetic concept. While always a subjective or shadowy articulation, an aesthetic state often remains unnecessarily unrevealed due to claims about unconscious states, entire rhetorics (or counter-rhetorics) about beauty, and Misalliance among sporting development systems. Since aesthetics require an inductive state of subjectivity in determining various levels of beauty (which the so-called world of sports often thinks of as morality), the audience for aesthetics in sports also needs an inductive explanation of the concept in which one comes to see a process of viewership at work within themselves that is revealed by a simple need parried outward by a complex process of engagement. The potentially redemptive moment of revelation regarding the beauty of sports and the athlete within these systems creates in the viewer a new space of consciousness where the world of sports discovers some of its longed-for transparency, openness, parity and equity upon which its immediate future depends. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aesthetics" title="aesthetics">aesthetics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=governance" title=" governance"> governance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=history" title=" history"> history</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=philosophy" title=" philosophy"> philosophy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75411/sports-and-beauty-translating-the-history-of-aesthetics-into-todays-world-of-sports" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75411.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">249</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">989</span> Examination of the Relationship between Managerial Competence and Job Satisfacti̇on and Career Satisfacti̇on in Sports Managers' </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omur%20F.%20Karakullukcu">Omur F. Karakullukcu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bilal%20Okudan"> Bilal Okudan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yusuf%20Can"> Yusuf Can</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study is to analyze sports managers’ managerial competence levels and job satisfaction’s correlation with career satisfaction. In the study, it has also been analyzed if there is any significant difference in sports managers’ managerial competence, job and career satisfaction in terms of gender, age, duty status, year of service and level of education. 256 sports managers, who work at department of sports service’s central and field organization at least as a chief in the manager position, have been chosen with random sampling method and they have voluntarily participated in the study. In the study, the managerial competence scale which was developed by Cetinkaya (2009), job satisfaction scale developed by Weiss at al.(1967) and Career Satisfaction Scale developed by Vatansever (2008) have been used as a data collection tool. The questionnaire form used as a data collection tool in the study includes a personal information form consisting of 5 questions; questioning gender, age, duty status, years of service and level of education. In the study, pearson correlation analysis has been used for defining the correlation of managerial competence levels, job satisfaction, and career satisfaction levels of sports managers. T-test analysis for binary grouping and anova analysis for more than binary groups have been used in the level of self-efficacy, collective and managerial competence in terms of the participants’ duty status, year of service and level of education. According to the research results, it has been found that there is a positive correlation between sports managers’ managerial competence levels, job satisfaction, and career satisfaction levels. Also, the results show that there is a significant difference in managerial competence levels, job satisfaction and career satisfaction of sports managers in terms of duty status, year of service and level of education; however, the results reveal that there is no significant difference in terms of age groups and gender. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sports%20manager" title="sports manager">sports manager</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=managerial%20competence" title=" managerial competence"> managerial competence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=job%20satisfaction" title=" job satisfaction"> job satisfaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=career%20satisfaction" title=" career satisfaction"> career satisfaction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74936/examination-of-the-relationship-between-managerial-competence-and-job-satisfaction-and-career-satisfaction-in-sports-managers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74936.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">263</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">988</span> Impact of Project Leader's Style on the Success of the Projects</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saadia%20Khalid">Saadia Khalid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper discusses the various leadership styles of project manager which lead to the success of a project since it is important for a project manager to understand and adopt the skills required to cope up with the modern challenges of any project. A project manager must be able to handle a project effectively and efficiently and be ready to assess the factors effecting success or failure of the project. A project manager must be capable of handling a project by managing, directing and leading the projects with requisite knowledge and skills. In this paper a project manager’s characteristics linkage to project success have been developed and analyzed for three different projects/industries. A web-based survey has also been carried out which revealed that specific leadership styles/traits can lead to better performance and success of organizations. Some basic factors like project complexity, the age, gender and nationality of the project manager and type of project also play a vital role in success of a project. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leadership%20style" title="leadership style">leadership style</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=project%20success" title=" project success"> project success</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=project%20%0D%0Amanagement" title=" project management"> project management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=project%20manager" title=" project manager "> project manager </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27280/impact-of-project-leaders-style-on-the-success-of-the-projects" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27280.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">427</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">987</span> New Approach in Sports Management of Great Sports Events </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taieb%20Kherafa%20Noureddine">Taieb Kherafa Noureddine</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper presents a new approach regarding the management in sports that is based on the principles of reengineering. Applying that modern and pure management system, called reengineering, in sports activity, we hope to get better and better results, in order to increase both the health state and the performances of trained athletes. The paper also presents the similarities between BPR (Business Process Reengineering) and sports managements, as well as the proposed solution for a proper implementation of such model of management. The five components of the basic BPR model are presented, together with their features for sports management. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=business%20process%20reengineering" title="business process reengineering">business process reengineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=great%20sports%20events" title=" great sports events"> great sports events</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sports%20management" title=" sports management"> sports management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=training%20activities" title=" training activities"> training activities</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19694/new-approach-in-sports-management-of-great-sports-events" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19694.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">492</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">986</span> The Importance of Self-Efficacy and Collective Competence Beliefs in Managerial Competence of Sports Managers'</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C5%9Eenol%20Yanar">Şenol Yanar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sinan%20%C3%87eli%CC%87kbi%CC%87lek"> Sinan Çeli̇kbi̇lek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehmet%20Bayansalduz"> Mehmet Bayansalduz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yusuf%20Can"> Yusuf Can</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Managerial competence defines as the skills that managers in managerial positions have in relation to managerial responsibilities and managerial duties. Today's organizations, which are in a competitive environment, have the desire to work with effective managers in order to be more advantageous position than the other organizations they are competing with. In today's organizations, self-efficacy and collective competence belief that determine managerial competencies of managers to assume managerial responsibility are of special importance. In this framework, the aim of this study is to examine the effects of sports managers' perceptions of self-efficacy and collective competence in managerial competence perceptions. In the study, it has also been analyzed if there is a significant difference between self-efficacy, collective competence and managerial competence levels of sports managers in terms of their gender, age, duty status, year of service and level of education. 248 sports managers, who work at the department of sports service’s central and field organization at least as a chief in the manager position, have been chosen with random sampling method and they have voluntarily participated in the study. In the study, the self-efficacy scale which was developed by Schwarzer, R. & Jerusalem, M. (1995), collective competence scale developed by Goddard, Hoy and Woolfolk-Hoy (2000) and managerial competence scale developed by Cetinkaya (2009) have been used as a data collection tool. The questionnaire form used as a data collection tool in the study includes a personal information form consisting of 5 questions; questioning gender, age, duty status, years of service and level of education. In the study, Pearson Correlation Analysis has been used for defining the correlation among self-efficacy, collective competence belief, and managerial competence levels in sports managers and regression analysis have been used to define the affect of self-efficacy and collective competence belief on the perception of managerial competence. T-test for binary grouping and ANOVA analysis have been used for more than binary groups in order to determine if there is any significant difference in the level of self-efficacy, collective and managerial competence in terms of the participants’ duty status, year of service and level of education. According to the research results, it has been found that there is a positive correlation between sports managers' self-efficacy, collective competence beliefs, and managerial competence levels. According to the results of the regression analysis, it is understood that the managers’ perception of self-efficacy and collective competence belief significantly defines the perception of managerial competence. Also, the results show that there is no significant difference in self-efficacy, collective competence, and level of managerial competence of sports managers in terms of duty status, year of service and level of education. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sports%20manager" title="sports manager">sports manager</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-efficacy" title=" self-efficacy"> self-efficacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collective%20competence" title=" collective competence"> collective competence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=managerial%20competence" title=" managerial competence"> managerial competence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74937/the-importance-of-self-efficacy-and-collective-competence-beliefs-in-managerial-competence-of-sports-managers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74937.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">234</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">985</span> The Impact of Sports Employees' of Perceptions of Organizational Climate and Organizational Trust on Work Motivation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bilal%20Okudan">Bilal Okudan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omur%20F.%20Karakullukcu"> Omur F. Karakullukcu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yusuf%20Can"> Yusuf Can</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Work motivation is one of the fundamental elements that determine the attitudes and performance of employees towards work. In this sense, work motivation depends not only on individual and occupational factors but also on employees' perception of organizational climate and organizational trust. Organizations that are aware of this have begun to do more research on work motivation in recent years to ensure that employees have the highest possible performance. In this framework of the purpose of this study is to examine the effect of sports employees' perceptions of organizational climate and organizational trust on work motivation. In the study, it has also been analyzed if there is any significant difference in the department of sports services’ employees’ organizational climate and organizational trust perception, and work motivation levels in terms of gender, age, duty status, year of service and level of education. 278 sports managers, who work in the department of sports service’s central and field organization at least as a chief in the manager position, have been chosen with random sampling method and they have voluntarily participated in the study. In the study, the organizational climate scale which was developed by Bilir (2005), organizational trusts scale developed by koksal (2012) and work motivation scale developed by Mottaz J. Clifford (1985) have been used as a data collection tool. The questionnaire form used as a data collection tool in the study includes a personal information form consisting of 5 questions; questioning gender, age, duty status, years of service and level of education. In the study, Pearson Correlation Analysis has been used for defining the correlation among organizational climate, organizational trust perceptions and work motivation levels in sports managers and regression analysis has been used to identify the effect of organizational climate and organizational trust on work motivation. T-test for binary grouping and ANOVA analysis have been used for more than binary groups in order to determine if there is any significant difference in the level of organizational climate, organizational trust perceptions and work motivations in terms of the participants’ duty status, year of service and level of education. According to the research results, it has been found that there is a positive correlation between the department of sports services’ employees’ organizational climate, organizational trust perceptions and work motivation levels. According to the results of the regression analysis; it is understood that the sports employees’ perception of organizational climate and organizational trust are two main factors which affects the perception of work motivation. Also, the results show that there is a significant difference in the level of organizational climate and organizational trust perceptions and work motivations of the department of sports services’ employees in terms of duty status, year of service, and level of education; however, the results reveal that there is no significant difference in terms of age groups and gender. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sports%20manager" title="sports manager">sports manager</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organizational%20climate" title=" organizational climate"> organizational climate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organizational%20trust" title=" organizational trust"> organizational trust</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=work%20motivation" title=" work motivation"> work motivation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74934/the-impact-of-sports-employees-of-perceptions-of-organizational-climate-and-organizational-trust-on-work-motivation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74934.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">241</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">984</span> Sports for the Children with Autism</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20A.%20Abdelnaby">Mohamed A. Abdelnaby</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Relevance of the research: A few people known about Autism and also about Sports for Autism. Children with Autism have difficult experience with sport that makes many problems during the sports activities. There are several areas of motor skills development essential for participating daily life and several sports activities. The object of the research is describe the program for the sports activities for children with Autism, and the aim is to improving their movement skills, motor skills and social skills. Research methods and organization: Twenty-five children with Autism perceived barriers to sports activities participation, and functioning. All the program inside the Pegasus Dreamland Sports Club and all the facilities available for the research. Results and discussion: Standard, children were reported to meet or exceeded general PA occurrence guidelines, belonged to active participated in a variety of sports activities. We identified several barriers to optimal sports activities for their children. Conclusions: Children with Autism can achieve optimal sports activities. Exposure to a variety of sports activities opportunities and experiences aids in identifying the model activity for each individual child. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autism" title="autism">autism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sports%20activates" title=" sports activates"> sports activates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=movement%20skills" title=" movement skills"> movement skills</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motor%20skills" title=" motor skills "> motor skills </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26865/sports-for-the-children-with-autism" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26865.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">552</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">983</span> Assessing Effectiveness of Manager-Subordinate Relationships at Workplace</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anant%20Sagar">Anant Sagar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manisha%20Rana"> Manisha Rana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Surabhi%20Singhal"> Surabhi Singhal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study was aimed at analysing the effectiveness of manager-subordinate relationship and the different factors contributing to its effectiveness in a mid-sized IT organization. To define effectiveness in context of a manager-subordinate relationship, a model was framed which analyses personal and professional need fulfilment of subordinates. On basis of this need satisfaction based effectiveness model, relationships are categorized into four types anchored on two scales; Personal Need Satisfaction and Professional Need Satisfaction. These spatial effectiveness scores of a managerial relationship are further mapped with the relationship style of the manager to identify relationship styles which are associated with different effectiveness levels. The relationship style is analysed by using Impact Message Inventory-Circumplex (IMI-C). The results show that managerial relationship’s effectiveness is contingent on manager’s affiliation scores, subordinate’s previous work experience and the ability of managers to influence the personal and professional needs of employees through organizational policies. The findings reflect that effectiveness of manager-subordinate relationship increased in a friendly workplace where managers were adequately empowered to acknowledge employee needs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=relationship%20effectiveness" title="relationship effectiveness">relationship effectiveness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=need%20fulfilment" title=" need fulfilment"> need fulfilment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=managerial%20style" title=" managerial style"> managerial style</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impact%20message%20inventory-circumplex" title=" impact message inventory-circumplex"> impact message inventory-circumplex</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4397/assessing-effectiveness-of-manager-subordinate-relationships-at-workplace" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4397.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">380</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">982</span> Intellectual Property Rights Applicability in the Sport Industry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Poopak%20Dehshahri">Poopak Dehshahri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The applicability of intellectual property rights in the sports industry from the present paper’s perspective includes athletic skills, which are comprised of two parts: athletic movements and athletic methods. Also, the applicability pertaining to the athletes᾽ personality, such as the Name, the Image, the Voice, the Signature and their Shirt Number, are deemed as related to the sports natural persons. Radio and TV broadcasting rights of the sports events, the signs and symbols of the athletic institutions including the sign and symbol, trademark (brand name), the name and the place of residence of the sports clubs, the Sports events and the special sports, special slogan of the sports clubs or sports competitions and the sports clothing design are Included under the athletic institutions᾽ applicability of intellectual property rights. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sport%20industry" title="sport industry">sport industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intellectual%20property" title=" intellectual property"> intellectual property</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sport%20skills" title=" sport skills"> sport skills</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=right%20to%20fame" title=" right to fame"> right to fame</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radio%20and%20television%20broadcasting%20right" title=" radio and television broadcasting right"> radio and television broadcasting right</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sport%20sign" title=" sport sign"> sport sign</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177560/intellectual-property-rights-applicability-in-the-sport-industry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177560.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">66</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">981</span> Influence of Branding and Consultancy Services on the Performance of Coaches, Athletes and Sports Managers in Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yakubu%20Nkom%20Bityong">Yakubu Nkom Bityong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20I.%20Kabido"> A. I. Kabido</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Venkateswarlu"> K. Venkateswarlu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The influence of branding and consultancy services on sports development and marketing mix has been a matter of interest among coaches athletes and sports managers in Nigeria. Marketers use sports as a promotional vehicle towards attracting customers to their products and services. The use of images, names, and photographs of sports personalities to advertise beverages, cars, and a whole range of other products and services as it is clearly noticed all over the television, radio and print media has generated a lot of argument among consumers who have vested interest and are more drawn to their favorite teams and sports personalities than they are to many company products This paper examines the influence of branding and consultancy services on sports Performance of coaches, athletes and sports managers in Nigeria. From a population of 7,441 made up of coaches, athletes and sports managers, 372 respondents were sampled for the study. A self developed and standardized questionnaire was the instrument used for data collection. One-tailed t-test was used to test the hypothesis. Results revealed that branding and consultancy services influence the performances of coaches, athletes and sports managers in Nigeria. It was concluded that the establishment of the National Institute of Sports (NIS) in Lagos with affiliated sports training programmes in Nigerian Universities is responsible for boosting the performance of sports personalities in Nigeria. It was recommended that National Policy on Sports should be reviewed in order to inculcate new methods and strategies towards enhancing sports development initiatives in the country while stakeholders should intensify regular training and retraining programmes for coaches, athletes and sports managers to update their knowledge and skills. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=branding" title="branding">branding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consultancy" title=" consultancy"> consultancy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sports%20performance" title=" sports performance"> sports performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sports%20development" title=" sports development"> sports development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32030/influence-of-branding-and-consultancy-services-on-the-performance-of-coaches-athletes-and-sports-managers-in-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32030.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">385</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">980</span> Athlete Burnout and Moral Disengagement in Sports</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Min%20Pan">Min Pan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=An-Hsu%20Chen"> An-Hsu Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Burnout has been proved to be one of the factors that hinder the development and sport performances of athletes while moral disengagement is the psychological mechanism used by athletes to elevate the guilt caused by conducting the anti-social behaviors to gain competitive advantages and in sports which have both been discussed extensively. The sports devaluation in burnout may undermine the sportsmanship of athletes therefore may serve as one of factors of moral disengagement in sports. Nonetheless, the connection between athlete burnout and moral disengagement in sports is yet established. Hence, the study aims to investigate whether there is the correlation between athlete burnout and moral disengagement in sports. Participants of this study are 120 collegiate athletes who specialize in seven different sports (e.g., fence, boxing, taekwondo, and etc.) with average training hours of 3.7 per day and 4.5 days per week. Athlete Burnout Questionnaire and Moral Disengagement in Sports – Short were administrated as the research instruments. Data collected were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and step-wise regression. The results show, participants demonstrate mild to moderate burnout and moral disengagement in their perspective sports disciplines. Moreover, athletes specialize in different sports experience distinct burnout situations while there is no significant variation of moral disengagement in different sports. It is also found, moral disengagement in sports has significant and positive correlations with emotional and physical exhaustion as well as sports devaluation in athlete burnout. Furthermore, athlete burnout can positively predict moral disengagement in sports while sports devaluation plays an important role within. It can be concluded that, athlete burnout may contribute to their tendency of moral disengagement in sport. By relieving the burnout level may help improve their moral disengagement inclination in sports. The finding may contribute to the current literature regarding athlete burnout and moral disengagement in sports. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=athlete%20burnout" title="athlete burnout">athlete burnout</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dehumanization" title=" dehumanization"> dehumanization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moral%20disengagement" title=" moral disengagement"> moral disengagement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reduced%20sense%20of%20accomplishment" title=" reduced sense of accomplishment"> reduced sense of accomplishment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50969/athlete-burnout-and-moral-disengagement-in-sports" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50969.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">306</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">979</span> Sports Fans and Non-Interested Public Recognition of the Problems of Sports in Egypt through Caricature</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alaaeldin%20Hamdy%20Ahmed%20Mohammed">Alaaeldin Hamdy Ahmed Mohammed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: This study examines sports’ fans and non-interested public perception and recognition of the problems that have negative impacts upon the Egyptian sports, particularly football, through caricatures. Eight caricature paintings were designed to express eight problems affecting the Egyptian sports and its development. These paintings were distributed on two groups of the fans and the non-interested public. Methods: The study was limited to eight caricatures representing the eight issues which are: the impact of stopping the sports activity on athletes, the effect of clubs’ disagreement, fanaticism between the members of the ultras of different clubs, the negative impact of the mingling of politics into sports, the negative role of the clubs affects the professionalism of the promising players, the conflict between the national organization responsible for sports, the breaking in of the fans to the playgrounds, the impact of the lack of planning on the national team. The Results: The results showed that both sports fans and those who are not interested in sports recognized the problems that the caricatures refer to and criticizes exaggeration although the rate was higher for the fans. These caricatures contributed also in their recognition of the danger of the negative impact of these problems on the Egyptian sports, particularly football which is the most common at the Egyptian sports fans. Discussion: This finding echoes the conclusion that caricatures are distinctive in the adults’ facial stimuli that are either systematically exaggerated recognition of them. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=caricature" title="caricature">caricature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fans" title=" fans"> fans</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=football" title=" football"> football</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sports" title=" sports"> sports</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29492/sports-fans-and-non-interested-public-recognition-of-the-problems-of-sports-in-egypt-through-caricature" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29492.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">317</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">978</span> Media Representation and Visibility of Female Athletes in Sporting Events Featuring Both Female and Male Competitors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20A.%20Jennings">L. A. Jennings</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Traditional sports media marginalizes or ignores female athletes in their coverage despite increasing numbers of female participation in professional sports. However, in venues in which women and men compete in the same event, such as fighting sports, media coverage of female athletes increases dramatically. Focusing on fighting sports, including boxing, submission wrestling, kickboxing, and Mixed Martial Arts, this paper demonstrates that inclusive venues provide an avenue for female athletes to receive equitable promotion, media coverage, and sponsorship opportunities using data from ESPN, Neilson, the Fan Report, and other emerging sources. This paper further argues that transgendered and nonbinary athletes could thrive in these environments in future sporting activities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sports" title="sports">sports</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=media" title=" media"> media</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=athletes" title=" athletes"> athletes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sports%20media" title=" sports media"> sports media</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=women%20in%20sports" title=" women in sports"> women in sports</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169134/media-representation-and-visibility-of-female-athletes-in-sporting-events-featuring-both-female-and-male-competitors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169134.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">88</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">977</span> Well-being at Work in the Sports Sector: Systematic Review and Perspectives</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ouazoul%20Abdelouahd">Ouazoul Abdelouahd</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jemjami%20Nadia"> Jemjami Nadia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The concept of well-being at work is one of today's significant challenges in maintaining quality of life and managing psycho-social risks at work. Indeed, work in the sports sector has evolved, and this exponential evolution, marked by increasing demands and psychological, physical, and social challenges, which sometimes exceed the resources of sports actors, influences their sense of well-being at work. Well-being and burnout as antagonists provide information on the quality of working life in sports. The Basic aim of this literature review is to analyze the scientific corpus dealing with the subject of well-being at work in the sports sector while exploring the link between sports burnout and well-being. The results reveal the richness of the conceptual approaches and the difficulties of implementing them. Prospects for future research have, therefore, been put forward. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Well-being" title="Well-being">Well-being</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20of%20life" title=" quality of life"> quality of life</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Burnout" title=" Burnout"> Burnout</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%3B%20psycho-social%20risk" title=" ; psycho-social risk"> ; psycho-social risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sports%20sector" title=" Sports sector"> Sports sector</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173589/well-being-at-work-in-the-sports-sector-systematic-review-and-perspectives" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173589.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">85</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">976</span> Well-being at Work in the Sports Sector: Systematic Review and Perspectives</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ouazoul%20Abdeloauhd">Ouazoul Abdeloauhd</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jemjami%20Nadia"> Jemjami Nadia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The concept of well-being at work is one of today's significant challenges in maintaining quality of life and managing psycho-social risks at work. Indeed, work in the sports sector has evolved, and this exponential evolution, marked by increasing demands and psychological, physical, and social challenges, which sometimes exceed the resources of sports actors, influences their sense of well-being at work. Well-being and burnout as antagonists provide information on the quality of working life in sports. The Basic aim of this literature review is to analyze the scientific corpus dealing with the subject of well-being at work in the sports sector while exploring the link between sports burnout and well-being. The results reveal the richness of the conceptual approaches and the difficulties of implementing them. Prospects for future research have, therefore, been put forward. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=well-being" title="well-being">well-being</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=burnout" title=" burnout"> burnout</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20of%20life" title=" quality of life"> quality of life</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=psycho-social%20risk" title=" psycho-social risk"> psycho-social risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=work%20%20on%20sports%20sector" title=" work on sports sector"> work on sports sector</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173615/well-being-at-work-in-the-sports-sector-systematic-review-and-perspectives" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173615.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">91</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">975</span> Multidimensional Sports Spectators Segmentation and Social Media Marketing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Schmid">B. Schmid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Kexel"> C. Kexel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Djafarova"> E. Djafarova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Understanding consumers is elementary for practitioners in marketing. Consumers of sports events, the sports spectators, are a particularly complex consumer crowd. In order to identify and define their profiles different segmentation approaches can be found in literature, one of them being multidimensional segmentation. Multidimensional segmentation models correspond to the broad range of attitudes, behaviours, motivations and beliefs of sports spectators, other than earlier models. Moreover, in sports there are some well-researched disciplines (e.g. football or North American sports) where consumer profiles and marketing strategies are elaborate and others where no research at all can be found. For example, there is almost no research on athletics spectators. This paper explores the current state of research on sports spectators segmentation. An in-depth literature review provides the framework for a spectators segmentation in athletics. On this basis, additional potential consumer groups and implications for social media marketing will be explored. The findings are the basis for further research. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multidimensional%20segmentation" title="multidimensional segmentation">multidimensional segmentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20media" title=" social media"> social media</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sports%20marketing" title=" sports marketing"> sports marketing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sports%20spectators%20segmentation" title=" sports spectators segmentation"> sports spectators segmentation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47477/multidimensional-sports-spectators-segmentation-and-social-media-marketing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47477.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">307</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">974</span> Culture of Manager of a Medium or Small Enterprises</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omar%20Bendjimaa">Omar Bendjimaa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karzabi%20Abdelatif"> Karzabi Abdelatif </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Small and medium enterprises have witnessed several developments in recent years thanks to the policies and programs of support given by the state, and that is due to their importance in local and national development. Nevertheless, the success and development of these firms depends on a number of factors, especially the human element, for instance, the culture of the manager has its origin in the culture of the community and is of crucial influence in these firms. In fact, this culture is nothing more than a set of values, perceptions, beliefs, symbols and practices repeated, in addition to the knowledge it has received from the readings and the modern means of education. All these factors have an impact on the effectiveness of governance, its resolutions, instructions and performance of its function as a manager of a medium or small enterprise is inevitably affected by these cultural values, it is the driving force, the leader, and the observer at the same time. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=small%20and%20medium%20enterprises" title="small and medium enterprises">small and medium enterprises</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20culture%20of%20the%20manager" title=" the culture of the manager"> the culture of the manager</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20culture%20of%20the%20community" title=" the culture of the community"> the culture of the community</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=values" title=" values"> values</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perceptions" title=" perceptions"> perceptions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=beliefs" title=" beliefs"> beliefs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=symbols" title=" symbols"> symbols</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance" title=" performance"> performance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18444/culture-of-manager-of-a-medium-or-small-enterprises" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18444.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">397</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">973</span> Impact of Hooliganism on Sports</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ernest%20Boateng%20Nuako">Ernest Boateng Nuako</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research is to find the effects of sports hooliganism on Ashanti school sports and find out some possible ways of amending or controlling them if we are to still experience them in our sporting fraternity. The researcher limited himself to the Ashanti region. The sample population was made up of officials, performances, and spectators drawn from four major second-cycle institutions and four basic schools in Ashanti. In all, 150 respondents were used, and all of them fell into the set of population, that is, performers, officials, and spectators. A structured questionnaire consisting of 29 statements where used to solicit views and opinions from the respondents on the effects of sports hooliganism in Ashanti school sports. Microsoft Office Excel tool (MS Excel) was used to analyze the response of the respondents, and the results were expressed in percentages. The study is aimed at finding out the effect sports hooliganism has on school sports festivals in Ghana with the Ashanti region as a case study and identify possible controlling measures to curb down the fast-pace effect of hooliganism on Ashanti regional schools. The research seeks to assist sports officials to identify some effects of sports hooliganism in Ashanti regional schools. It is also there to help officials to identify the influence hooliganism has on sports. This research also serves as a guide to other researchers who want to go into researching sports in the region. This research revealed that sports hooliganism has, in diverse ways, affected school sports in the region. It was also evident from the research study that sanctions, the presence of security, and other employable remedies could be used in controlling this unfortunate incident during our school sports competitions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=officiating%20officials" title="officiating officials">officiating officials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=school%20sports" title=" school sports"> school sports</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hooliganism" title=" hooliganism"> hooliganism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spectators" title=" spectators"> spectators</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performer" title=" performer"> performer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160914/impact-of-hooliganism-on-sports" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160914.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">112</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">972</span> Researching Servant Leadership Behaviors of Sport Managers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Betul%20Altinok">Betul Altinok</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study is researching servant leadership behaviors of sports managers. For this purpose, Servant Leadership behaviors of Sport Managers (N=69) working as Dean, School Principal and Head of Department in Sport Sciences Faculties, Physical Education and Sport Schools and Departments educating Physical Education and Sport investigated via questionnaires applied to academicians (N=1185) working in these institutions. Servant Leadership Questionnaire sent via e-mail to all Academicians working in Physical Education and Sport educating Faculties, Schools of Universities and Departments in Turkey. 406 survey which is responded and accurately completed by Academicians were evaluated. In this study, Servant Leadership Questionnaire developed and conducted validity and reliability analysis by Barbuto and Wheeler (2006) used to investigate sports managers servant leadership behaviors. Scale translated into Turkish then validity and reliability analysis were conducted. After measurement model of servant leadership questionnaire verified, Shapiro Wilk normality test was applied to obtained data to determine whether has got a normal distribution or not, depending on gender, job title, profession time, department and evaluated manager. Results of practiced normality test showed that data has not got a normal distribution (nonparametric). After normality test, Mann Whitney-U test applied at 0.05 value for determining whether there is a difference between servant leadership scores according to gender and Kruskal Wallis Test applied at 0.05 value for determining whether there is a difference between servant leadership scores according to job title, profession time, department and evaluated manager. Test results showed that there were not differences between Altruistic Calling (p>0.05), Emotional Healing (p>0.05), Wisdom (p>0.05), Persuasive Mapping (p>0.05) and (p>0.05), Organizational Stewardship sub-dimensions according to gender. Test results showed that there were not differences between Altruistic Calling (p>0.05), Emotional Healing (p>0.05), Wisdom (p>0.05), Persuasive Mapping (p>0.05) and (p>0.05), Organizational Stewardship sub-dimensions according to job title, profession time, department and evaluated manager. In the light of study results, it can be said that applied survey is objective and unfurls evaluated managers servant leadership behaviors. Empirical and practical contribution of this study is to test sports managers servant leadership behaviors in Turkey for the very first time. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=academicians" title="academicians">academicians</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=management" title=" management"> management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=servant%20leadership" title=" servant leadership"> servant leadership</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sport" title=" sport"> sport</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51821/researching-servant-leadership-behaviors-of-sport-managers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51821.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">309</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">971</span> Mediation as an Effective Tool for Resolving Sports Disputes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Akram%20Shair%20Mohamad">Mohd Akram Shair Mohamad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The relation to the infinite variety issues sprouting in sports or lex sportiva, like lex mercatoria in the early centuries, has now come of age and even begun a maturing process in the past thirty-five years or so. Lex sportiva now straddles sports management, sports medicine, tort, criminal law, employment contract, competition law and a host of multifarious activities related to sports. This has catapulted a host of legal issue and problems, demanding urgent legal solutions to actual or potential disputes. This paper discusses the nature and development of lex sportiva, and how it is able to resolve sports disputes. Resolving sports dispute via the tiresome, dilatory and expensive process of litigation is most unsuitable. Arbitration may not be equally a satisfactory solution. The paper strongly advocates the far the most effective and resolution friendly mode of settling sports disputes namely, mediation. In support it highlights numerous advantages mediation has to offer and with reference to many significant sports disputes which had been successfully resolved via mediation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alternative%20dispute%20resolution" title="alternative dispute resolution">alternative dispute resolution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mediation" title=" mediation"> mediation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=arbitration" title=" arbitration"> arbitration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=litigation" title=" litigation"> litigation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23338/mediation-as-an-effective-tool-for-resolving-sports-disputes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23338.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">436</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">970</span> Study on the Effect of Sports Academic Journals in the Construction of Strong Sporting Nation in China</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qinghui%20Li">Qinghui Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lei%20Zhang"> Lei Zhang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In China, sport will play a more important role in the future development of the national economy, are facing greater challenges. Sports industry development in this background,innovative technology and cultural forces which will play an important role. Therefore, as a guide of sports culture, the development of science and technology, display the sports scientific and technological achievements, culture showed important - Sports Academic Journals sports technology platform of talent, but also innovation and value-added will through its value function,play an important role in the development of China's sports development and sports industry. At the same time, in the Chinese academic journals of social environment has undergone great changes,one aspect is the national news publishing system reform, change, development group of scientific publishing market has become the mainstream trend of development; on the other hand, digitalization, internationalization development speed of academic journal soon, in such a social background, how sports academic journal of development? How to serve for the development of sports? This research will be based on the sports academic journals in the past, the development status and characteristics and now plays in the history and context of modern academic value and social value, to explore the new era background, especially the development of the reform of the cultural system, marketization and the digital innovation situation of sports academic periodical show in sports, sports industry development and play a more important role in study. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sports%20academin%20journals" title="sports academin journals">sports academin journals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strong%20sporting%20nation" title=" strong sporting nation"> strong sporting nation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=innovation" title=" innovation"> innovation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=China" title=" China"> China</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26857/study-on-the-effect-of-sports-academic-journals-in-the-construction-of-strong-sporting-nation-in-china" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26857.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">502</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">969</span> Motherhood Managerial in Health Services: Need Eustress Internalization</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Retty%20Ratnawati">Retty Ratnawati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Santi%20Sri%20Wulandari"> Santi Sri Wulandari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tulus%20Sabrina"> Tulus Sabrina</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Feminine and masculine gender role stress could occur in some work situation. Being manager in health services that is known to be more women’ role in Indonesia, has expected to have feminine stereotype role. In the communities, this has been done in the program kesejahteraan keluarga (welfare family program) since the 1970s, for example through family planning program. The aim of the study was to explore the experience of being a motherhood managerial in health services. Our auto ethnographic study has revealed that motherhood managerial, even though running by a woman, could have some stress conditions whether she has realized or has not. The challenge would occur when the manager did not realize that she needed the eustress. The autonomy concept for a woman to be a manager could be a complex cycle that needs open communication continually and understanding the four elements surround her life. In conclusion, there is a demand to have the eustress when the manager does not realize that she has to be an autonomy person. However, it does not need eustress when the manager understands about how to deal with the complex cycle of being autonomy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motherhood%20managerial" title="motherhood managerial">motherhood managerial</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eustress" title=" eustress"> eustress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feminine%20gender%20role%20stress" title=" feminine gender role stress"> feminine gender role stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=masculine%20gender%20role%20stress" title=" masculine gender role stress"> masculine gender role stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autonomy%20concept%20in%20women" title=" autonomy concept in women"> autonomy concept in women</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58081/motherhood-managerial-in-health-services-need-eustress-internalization" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58081.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">274</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">968</span> The Survey of Sports Injuries in Ten Sports</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Najmeh%20Arabnejad">Najmeh Arabnejad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Hossein%20Yousefi"> Mohammad Hossein Yousefi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The risk of injuring is possible in most sports. These injuries are inevitable in contact sports. Since sports injuries result in financial, physical, physiological and social problems for most athletes and endanger their professional future, studying the happening of sports injuries in sports changes to an important issue. This study can be conducted through different aspects including psychological, pathological, social, managerial, etc. Therefore, the present study was designed and conducted with the aim Survey of Sports Injuries In Ten Sports from 2006 to 2011.This descriptive study was carried out in a documentary form. Thus, data related to sports insurance and sport injuries happened in soccer, volleyball, basketball, handball, badminton, karate, track and field, taekwondo, gymnastics and wrestling was collected from Sports Medical Board of Kerman Province, as the largest province in Iran, and then was analyzed. Data collection method was library one. Furthermore, information related to 210406 insured athletes was analyzed using Descriptive Statistical Indexes in the level mean and SPSS20 Software. The research findings showed that the number of male athletes who injured was higher than female athletes in most sports within various years. Soccer, karate, volleyball, wrestling, handball, taekwondo, gymnastics, basketball, track and field, and badminton had the most injuries, respectively. Moreover, the number of injured athletes and their ratio to insured ones during six years were studied; in general, an increase in ratio of sports injuries was observed. Thus, upward movement of sports injuries in different sports, as the results of this study confirm it, is a warning which results in losing young forces and wasting of sports potential in Iran. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sports" title="sports">sports</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sports%20injuries" title=" sports injuries"> sports injuries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=survey" title=" survey"> survey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kerman" title=" Kerman"> Kerman</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37606/the-survey-of-sports-injuries-in-ten-sports" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37606.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">370</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">967</span> Psychological Well-Being at Work Among Sport Coaches: A Systematic Review and Perspectives</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ouazoul%20Abdelouahd">Ouazoul Abdelouahd</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jemjami%20Nadia"> Jemjami Nadia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The concept of well-being at work is one of today's major challenges in maintaining quality of life and managing psycho-social risks at work. Indeed, work in the sports sector has evolved over time, and this exponential evolution, marked by increasing demands and psychological, physical and/or social challenges, which sometimes exceed the resources of sports players, influences their sense of well-being at work. Well-being and burnout as antagonists provide information on the quality of working life in sports. The main objective of this literature review was to examine the scientific corpus dealing with the subject of psychological well-being at work in the sports sector and, more specifically, with sports coaches while exploring the link between sports burnout and well-being. The results reveal the richness of the conceptual approaches and the difficulties of putting them into practice. Prospects for future research were put forward. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=psychological%20well-being" title="psychological well-being">psychological well-being</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=burnout" title=" burnout"> burnout</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20of%20life" title=" quality of life"> quality of life</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sports%20coaching" title=" sports coaching"> sports coaching</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188198/psychological-well-being-at-work-among-sport-coaches-a-systematic-review-and-perspectives" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188198.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">39</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">966</span> Analysis of Selected Hematological Variables during Three Different Menstrual Phases between Sedentary and Sports Women</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Vasanthi">G. Vasanthi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of the study was to analyse the red blood cells and white blood cells during three different menstrual phases between sedentary and sports women. To achieve this purpose, fifteen female sedentary post graduate students (M.A., M.Sc.) and fifteen students of Master of Physical Education and Sports (M.P.Ed.) women who regularly involved in vigouous sports training and participated in sports competition on different games were selected by adopting random sampling method. All the students were hostelers and their age group was between 20 to 22 years. The blood sample were collected during the mid-period of the three different phases to calculate the red blood cells and white blood cells. The data collected were treated statistically by using analysis of variance. The results reveal that the RBC and WBC is found to be significant between sedentary and sports women during the three different menstrual phases. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RBC" title="RBC">RBC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WBC" title=" WBC"> WBC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=menstrual" title=" menstrual"> menstrual</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proliferative" title=" proliferative"> proliferative</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=secretary" title=" secretary"> secretary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sedentary%20women" title=" sedentary women"> sedentary women</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sports%20women" title=" sports women"> sports women</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10151/analysis-of-selected-hematological-variables-during-three-different-menstrual-phases-between-sedentary-and-sports-women" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10151.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">503</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">965</span> Empath vs Narcissist Among University Sports Persons</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jaskarn%20Singh%20Sidhu">Jaskarn Singh Sidhu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present study investigated the relationship of Empathy and Narcissism among university sports persons. Sample-The sample of the study consists of a total of 248 sportspersons and non-sports persons. Tools- To evaluate empathy, a 16-scale questionnaire was used and to evaluate narcissism, NPI-16 questionnaire was used. Statically-Two-Way Analysis of Variance used to analyse the data collected to establish the relationship. Results- In empathy male champion players shows more empathy than female counterparts the results also reveals that non champion females showed more empathy than non-champion male sports persons. In totality champion shows more empathy than non- champions. Results of Narcissism revealed that male champion sports persons were high on Narcissism scale then female counterparts. Non -champion males also indicate high narcissism then non champion female sports persons indicating female were less self -oriented then male sports persons. Conclusion- From the results it was concluded that no significant difference exists among sports persons in empathy and narcissism with reference to gender and sports performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=champion" title="champion">champion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=narcissism" title=" narcissism"> narcissism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=empathy" title=" empathy"> empathy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non%20champion%20players" title=" non champion players"> non champion players</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174393/empath-vs-narcissist-among-university-sports-persons" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174393.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">88</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">964</span> Line Manager’s Role Involvement towards Creating a Coaching Culture in Nursing Area</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20S.%20A.%20Rahim">N. S. A. Rahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20N.%20Abu%20Mansor"> N. N. Abu Mansor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20I.%20Saidi"> M. I. Saidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20R.%20A.%20Rahim"> N. R. A. Rahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20F.%20Adrutdin"> K. F. Adrutdin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of coaching as one of organizational culture with the contribution of the involvement of line manager roles is an important to update employees’ knowledge and skills continuously. In healthcare sector, it is dynamic that nurse must update their knowledge and skills to keep pace with change. This paper attempts to discuss the involvement of line manager roles towards creating a coaching culture who give their support and innovation towards motivate nurses to give their best performance either in public or private hospitals. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nursing" title="nursing">nursing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=line%20managers%E2%80%99%20roles" title=" line managers’ roles"> line managers’ roles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coaching" title=" coaching"> coaching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coaching%20culture" title=" coaching culture "> coaching culture </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12339/line-managers-role-involvement-towards-creating-a-coaching-culture-in-nursing-area" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12339.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">448</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">963</span> Factors Contributing to Sports Injuries among Senior High Schools in Ghana</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mawuli%20M.%20%20Sedegah">Mawuli M. Sedegah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emmanuel%20O.%20Sarpong"> Emmanuel O. Sarpong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ernest%20Y.%20Acheampong"> Ernest Y. Acheampong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sports injuries among student-athletes in high schools have become prevalent in most developing countries. The study explores the risk factors influencing sports injuries and identify those sustained among high schools’ competitions in the Akuapem Municipality. Drawing on literature from sports injuries, 610 student-athletes were used to understand how they sustained various injuries during schools’ sports and games. Using a cross-sectional survey, the study reveals how wounds, knee injury, muscle cramps, and thigh injury are common injuries in the municipality. The physiological factor was rampant, resulting from the number of games played by student-athletes, which significantly influenced sprain, strain, dislocation, and nose bleeding injuries among them. Results recorded a low correlation accounting for 9% occurrence of sports injuries in the Akuapem Municipality. Further study can be done in the other districts to have a general approach to remedy some of these sports injuries. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=common%20injuries" title="common injuries">common injuries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physiological%20factors" title=" physiological factors"> physiological factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sports%20injuries" title=" sports injuries"> sports injuries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=student-athletes" title=" student-athletes"> student-athletes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114999/factors-contributing-to-sports-injuries-among-senior-high-schools-in-ghana" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114999.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">171</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">962</span> Sports in the Contemporary Society; Its Role in the Economic Development of a Country</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20K.%20Kishore%20Kumar">C. K. Kishore Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20P.%20Aruna"> B. P. Aruna</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We have made an attempt to analyze the role of sports in the contemporary society. This paper critically analyses how developed as well as developing countries spend huge amount of money every year in conducting various sports and games, development of sports infrastructure, manufacturing of sports equipment and get into bidding to organize international events like Olympic, World Cup games like foot ball, soccer, tennis etc., Throughout the world, Sports and Commerce have joined together. Sports in today’s world has become a large profit making industry. An attempt is further made to understand that the players or sports persons are only a small part of this huge industry, more than the players, there are various other people, corporations, Nation as a whole who are making huge profits from the sports industry. This industrialization has indeed changed the whole scenario of sports. Top level sports are purely a business nowadays and so fans are sucked into believing they are part of their club. In reality they are merely cash cows to be milked by a greedy, grasping and corrupt business that cares nothing but making money. In no previous time period have we seen the type of growth in the commercialization of sports that we have seen in the last 3 decades. Athletes are leveled with prize money and/or appearances fees so much so, that injuries may be ignored, educational opportunities are put aside in the quest for success which is ultimately money. Industrialization and commercialization of sports has taken a key role in the economic development of the country. The purpose of this paper is to explore as to how sports once considered as a leisure time activity has become an activity for money and in turn has taken a lead role in the economic development of a country. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contemporary%20society" title="contemporary society">contemporary society</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20development" title=" economic development"> economic development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=industrialization%20of%20sports" title=" industrialization of sports"> industrialization of sports</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=commercialization%20%20of%20sports" title=" commercialization of sports"> commercialization of sports</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leisure%20time%20activity" title=" leisure time activity"> leisure time activity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14453/sports-in-the-contemporary-society-its-role-in-the-economic-development-of-a-country" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14453.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">438</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sports%20manager&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sports%20manager&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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