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<span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Physical_geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Physical_geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Physical geography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Physical_geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Earthquakes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Earthquakes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Earthquakes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Earthquakes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Biome" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biome"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Biome</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Biome-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Human_geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Human_geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Human geography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Human_geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Economy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Economy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pico_Wine_and_vine_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pico_Wine_and_vine_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Pico Wine and vine culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pico_Wine_and_vine_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sustainable_tourism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sustainable_tourism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Sustainable tourism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sustainable_tourism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Pico Island</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 45 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-45" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">45 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%83" title="Піку – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Піку" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilha_do_Pico" title="Ilha do Pico – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Ilha do Pico" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illa_de_Pico" title="Illa de Pico – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Illa de Pico" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilha_do_Pico_(pulo_sa_Portugal)" title="Ilha do Pico (pulo sa Portugal) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Ilha do Pico (pulo sa Portugal)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pico_(ostrov)" title="Pico (ostrov) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Pico (ostrov)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pico_%C3%98" title="Pico Ø – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Pico Ø" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pico_(Insel)" title="Pico (Insel) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Pico (Insel)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pico" title="Pico – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Pico" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%AF%CE%BA%CE%BF_(%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%AF)" title="Πίκο (νησί) – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πίκο (νησί)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isla_de_Pico" title="Isla de Pico – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Isla de Pico" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pico_(insulo)" title="Pico (insulo) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Pico (insulo)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pico_uhartea" title="Pico uhartea – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Pico uhartea" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pico_(%C3%AEle)" title="Pico (île) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Pico (île)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illa_do_Pico" title="Illa do Pico – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Illa do Pico" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%94%BC%EC%BF%A0%EC%84%AC" title="피쿠섬 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="피쿠섬" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pico" title="Pico – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Pico" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulau_Pico" title="Pulau Pico – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Pulau Pico" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pico_(Azzorre)" title="Pico (Azzorre) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Pico (Azzorre)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%95_(%D7%90%D7%99)" title="פיקו (אי) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פיקו (אי)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%A3_(%E1%83%99%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%AB%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98)" title="პიკუ (კუნძული) – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პიკუ (კუნძული)" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pico" title="Pico – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Pico" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piku" title="Piku – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Piku" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pikas_(sala)" title="Pikas (sala) – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Pikas (sala)" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pico-sziget" title="Pico-sziget – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Pico-sziget" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%83_(%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2)" title="Пику (остров) – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Пику (остров)" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C5%BCira_ta%27_Pico" title="Gżira ta' Pico – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Gżira ta' Pico" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%88_(%D8%AC%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%87)" title="پيكو (جزيره) – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="پيكو (جزيره)" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulau_Pico" title="Pulau Pico – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pulau Pico" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pico_(Azoren)" title="Pico (Azoren) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Pico (Azoren)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%94%E3%82%B3%E5%B3%B6" title="ピコ島 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ピコ島" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pico_(Asorene)" title="Pico (Asorene) – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Pico (Asorene)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pico_i_Asorane" title="Pico i Asorane – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Pico i Asorane" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pico_(wyspa)" title="Pico (wyspa) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Pico (wyspa)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilha_do_Pico" title="Ilha do Pico – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ilha do Pico" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pico_(Azore)" title="Pico (Azore) – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Pico (Azore)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE_(%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2)" title="Пико (остров) – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Пико (остров)" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%83_(%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2)" title="Пику (остров) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Пику (остров)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pico_(ostrov)" title="Pico (ostrov) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Pico (ostrov)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pico_(otok)" title="Pico (otok) – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Pico (otok)" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pico" title="Pico – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Pico" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pico_(Azorit)" title="Pico (Azorit) – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Pico (Azorit)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pico" title="Pico – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Pico" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pico_Adas%C4%B1" title="Pico Adası – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" 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system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Pico_Island&params=38_27_57_N_28_20_0_W_type:isle_region:PT-20"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">38°27′57″N</span> <span class="longitude">28°20′0″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">38.46583°N 28.33333°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">38.46583; -28.33333</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Portuguese island in Azores archipelago</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129712854">.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-title-embed{background-color:#efefef;font-weight:bold;padding:0.3em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-nick,.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-native{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-native>div{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands .infobox-header{background-color:#efefef}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-country{border-top:1px solid black;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-country2{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands .infobox-below{text-align:left;border-top:#aaa 1px solid}</style><table class="infobox ib-islands vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Pico Island</caption><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="ib-islands-native">Native name: <div class="nickname">Ilha do Pico</div></div><div class="ib-islands-nick">Nickname: The Black Island</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Madalena_do_Pico_-_panoramio_(8).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Madalena_do_Pico_-_panoramio_%288%29.jpg/260px-Madalena_do_Pico_-_panoramio_%288%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Madalena_do_Pico_-_panoramio_%288%29.jpg/390px-Madalena_do_Pico_-_panoramio_%288%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Madalena_do_Pico_-_panoramio_%288%29.jpg/520px-Madalena_do_Pico_-_panoramio_%288%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">The island of Pico, as seen from the north-west coast in the outskirts of <a href="/wiki/Madalena,_Azores" title="Madalena, Azores">Madalena</a> with vineyards and <a href="/wiki/Mount_Pico" title="Mount Pico">Mount Pico</a> in the background</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Pico-pos.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Pico-pos.png/260px-Pico-pos.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Pico-pos.png/390px-Pico-pos.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Pico-pos.png/520px-Pico-pos.png 2x" data-file-width="2724" data-file-height="1663" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Location of the island of Pico in the archipelago of the Azores</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Etymology</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a> for <a href="/wiki/Summit" title="Summit">peak</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Geography</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic Ocean</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Coordinates</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Pico_Island&params=38_27_57_N_28_20_0_W_type:isle_region:PT-20"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">38°27′57″N</span> <span class="longitude">28°20′0″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">38.46583°N 28.33333°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">38.46583; -28.33333</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Archipelago</th><td class="infobox-data note"><a href="/wiki/Azores" title="Azores">Azores</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Area</th><td class="infobox-data">444.97 km<sup>2</sup> (171.80 sq mi)<sup id="cite_ref-siaram_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-siaram-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_by_area" title="List of islands by area">Area rank</a></th><td class="infobox-data">3rd largest island in Portugal</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Coastline</th><td class="infobox-data">151.84 km (94.349 mi)<sup id="cite_ref-siaram_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-siaram-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Highest elevation</th><td class="infobox-data">2,351 m (7713 ft)<sup id="cite_ref-siaram_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-siaram-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Highest point</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mount_Pico" title="Mount Pico">Mount Pico</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Administration</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div><b><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Regions_of_Portugal" title="Autonomous Regions of Portugal">Autonomous Region</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Azores" title="Azores">Azores</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Portugal" title="Municipalities of Portugal">Municipalities</a></th><td class="infobox-data"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lajes_do_Pico" title="Lajes do Pico">Lajes do Pico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madalena,_Azores" title="Madalena, Azores">Madalena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Roque_do_Pico" title="São Roque do Pico">São Roque do Pico</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Demographics</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Demonym</th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Portuguese-language text"><i lang="pt">Picoense</i></span>, <span title="Portuguese-language text"><i lang="pt">Picaroto</i></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Population</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 13,883 (2021)<sup id="cite_ref-INE_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-INE-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Pop. density</th><td class="infobox-data">31/km<sup>2</sup> (80/sq mi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Languages</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Ethnic groups</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_people" title="Portuguese people">Portuguese</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Additional information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/UTC%E2%88%9201:00" title="UTC−01:00">UTC−01:00</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Pico Island</b> (<i>Ilha do Pico,</i> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Portuguese pronunciation:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="pt-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Portuguese" title="Help:IPA/Portuguese">[ˈiʎɐ<span class="wrap"> </span>ðu<span class="wrap"> </span>ˈpiku]</a></span>) is an island in the <a href="/wiki/Central_Group,_Azores" title="Central Group, Azores">Central Group</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portuguese</a> <a href="/wiki/Azores" title="Azores">Azores</a>. The landscape features an eponymous <a href="/wiki/Volcano" title="Volcano">volcano</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mount_Pico" title="Mount Pico">Ponta do Pico</a>, which is the highest mountain in <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a>, the Azores, and the highest elevation of the <a href="/wiki/Mid-Atlantic_Ridge" title="Mid-Atlantic Ridge">Mid-Atlantic Ridge</a>. In the tradition of the Portuguese poet, <a href="/wiki/Raul_Brand%C3%A3o" title="Raul Brandão">Raul Brandão</a>, Pico is referred to as the <i><b>Ilha Preta</b></i> ("Black Island"), for its black volcanic soils, which nourish its UNESCO-designated vineyards that once allowed the development of the island's economy. Pico is the second largest and, geologically speaking, the most recently formed island of the Azores, being around 300,000 years old.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pico_Island&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Moinho_de_vento_tradicional_da_ilha_do_Pico,_A%C3%A7ores.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Moinho_de_vento_tradicional_da_ilha_do_Pico%2C_A%C3%A7ores.JPG/220px-Moinho_de_vento_tradicional_da_ilha_do_Pico%2C_A%C3%A7ores.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Moinho_de_vento_tradicional_da_ilha_do_Pico%2C_A%C3%A7ores.JPG/330px-Moinho_de_vento_tradicional_da_ilha_do_Pico%2C_A%C3%A7ores.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Moinho_de_vento_tradicional_da_ilha_do_Pico%2C_A%C3%A7ores.JPG/440px-Moinho_de_vento_tradicional_da_ilha_do_Pico%2C_A%C3%A7ores.JPG 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="423" /></a><figcaption>A traditional windmill along the coast of Monte, in the municipality of <a href="/wiki/Madalena_(Azores)" class="mw-redirect" title="Madalena (Azores)">Madalena</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Igreja_e_Convento_de_S%C3%A3o_Pedro_de_Alc%C3%A2ntara,_S%C3%A3o_Roque,_ilha_do_Pico,_A%C3%A7ores,_Portugal.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Igreja_e_Convento_de_S%C3%A3o_Pedro_de_Alc%C3%A2ntara%2C_S%C3%A3o_Roque%2C_ilha_do_Pico%2C_A%C3%A7ores%2C_Portugal.JPG/220px-Igreja_e_Convento_de_S%C3%A3o_Pedro_de_Alc%C3%A2ntara%2C_S%C3%A3o_Roque%2C_ilha_do_Pico%2C_A%C3%A7ores%2C_Portugal.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Igreja_e_Convento_de_S%C3%A3o_Pedro_de_Alc%C3%A2ntara%2C_S%C3%A3o_Roque%2C_ilha_do_Pico%2C_A%C3%A7ores%2C_Portugal.JPG/330px-Igreja_e_Convento_de_S%C3%A3o_Pedro_de_Alc%C3%A2ntara%2C_S%C3%A3o_Roque%2C_ilha_do_Pico%2C_A%C3%A7ores%2C_Portugal.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Igreja_e_Convento_de_S%C3%A3o_Pedro_de_Alc%C3%A2ntara%2C_S%C3%A3o_Roque%2C_ilha_do_Pico%2C_A%C3%A7ores%2C_Portugal.JPG/440px-Igreja_e_Convento_de_S%C3%A3o_Pedro_de_Alc%C3%A2ntara%2C_S%C3%A3o_Roque%2C_ilha_do_Pico%2C_A%C3%A7ores%2C_Portugal.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Convent_of_S%C3%A3o_Pedro_de_Alc%C3%A2ntara_(S%C3%A3o_Roque_do_Pico)" title="Convent of São Pedro de Alcântara (São Roque do Pico)">Convent of São Pedro de Alcântara</a>, a 17th-century building</figcaption></figure> <div class="thumb tright"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width: 282px;"> <div class="thumbimage" style="width: 280px; height: 130px; overflow: hidden;"> <div style="position: relative; top: -190px; left: -147px; width: 550px"><div class="noresize"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Azore_islands_ESA348302.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Radar image of Pico Island next to Faial and São Jorge islands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Azore_islands_ESA348302.jpg/550px-Azore_islands_ESA348302.jpg" decoding="async" width="550" height="402" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Azore_islands_ESA348302.jpg/825px-Azore_islands_ESA348302.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Azore_islands_ESA348302.jpg/1100px-Azore_islands_ESA348302.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7000" data-file-height="5115" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Azore_islands_ESA348302.jpg" title="File:Azore islands ESA348302.jpg"> </a></div>Radar image of Pico Island next to <a href="/wiki/Faial_Island" title="Faial Island">Faial</a> and <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Jorge_Island" title="São Jorge Island">São Jorge</a> islands </div> </div> </div> <p>The exact date of the island's discovery is not known. However, in the 1375 <a href="/wiki/Catalan_Atlas" title="Catalan Atlas">Catalan Atlas</a>, Pico is depicted along several other islands of the Azores, where it is labelled as <i>li colunbj</i>. In Cristoforo Soligo's map from 1475, Pico is described both as <a href="/wiki/Don_(honorific)" title="Don (honorific)">Dom</a> Diniz (or São Diniz) island and as <i>Insula Columbi</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although the Azores were inhabited since 1439, settlement on Pico only started in the 1480s when Pico became part of the neighboring island of <a href="/wiki/Faial_Island" title="Faial Island">Faial</a>'s control. Pico is thought to be the last of the islands of the <a href="/wiki/Central_Group,_Azores" title="Central Group, Azores">Central Group</a> to be occupied.<sup id="cite_ref-iac_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iac-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In a letter dated March 28, 1481, the administrator of the Azores, <a href="/wiki/Don_(honorific)" title="Don (honorific)">D.</a> Beatriz, gave the possession of the island of Pico to the first <a href="/wiki/Captain_of_the_donatarie" class="mw-redirect" title="Captain of the donatarie">captain of the donatarie</a>, D. Álvaro d'Ornelas, a resident of <a href="/wiki/Madeira_Island" title="Madeira Island">island of Madeira</a>, on the condition that he populate the island ('Captains', often of noble heritage, obtained land rights in regions not important enough to merit a 'governor', and were a cheap way for the state to settle new territory). d'Ornelas failed to attract settlers, so on December 29, 1482, the <a href="/wiki/Flemish_people" title="Flemish people">Flemish</a> captain of the island of Faial, 7 km from Pico, Jós d'Hutra, became the new captain. The transfer of the island of Pico to Jós d'Hutra not only confirms that Pico was not colonized at the end of the 15th century, but also demonstrates the interest in boosting the insular population of the islands of the <a href="/wiki/Central_Group,_Azores" title="Central Group, Azores">central group</a>. This was understandable given the growing geo-economic importance of the Azores archipelago at that time, as the Portuguese monarchy was expanding into <a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a> and along the <a href="/wiki/West_Africa" title="West Africa">west African</a> coast.<sup id="cite_ref-EA_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EA-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Population grew slowly, in part because of difficulties cultivating wheat. By 1587, there were less than 3,000 inhabitants. <a href="/wiki/Soil_quality" title="Soil quality">Soil quality</a> is conditioned by the volcanic soils <sup id="cite_ref-EA_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EA-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> consisting mostly of lightly weathered recent basalt (designated as "biscoitos" or "<a href="/wiki/Mist%C3%A9rio_(geology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mistério (geology)">mistérios</a>"). Examples include the Mistério de São João, resulting from a 1718 eruption. In addition, there are few rivers on the island compared to other parts of the archipelago. The last eruptions of magma took place in 1718 and 1720 and generated three volcanic <a href="/wiki/Cinder_cones" class="mw-redirect" title="Cinder cones">cinder cones</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Mist%C3%A9rio_(geology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mistério (geology)">Mistérios</a></i>): Santa Luzia and São João in 1718<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Silveira in 1720.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Aside from a few slaves sent to herd sheep in isolation before European settlement, the island's first inhabitants were primarily Portuguese, but of diverse origins.<sup id="cite_ref-iac_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iac-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-EA_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EA-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Settlers of Portuguese origin arrived from different parts of the <a href="/wiki/Continental_Portugal" title="Continental Portugal">metropolis</a>, some passing though <a href="/wiki/Madeira_Island" title="Madeira Island">Madeira Island</a> or other Azorean islands, particularly <a href="/wiki/Terceira" class="mw-redirect" title="Terceira">Terceira</a>. Some individuals had noble origins, owning land and goods; there were secular and regular clergy, especially the Franciscans; and another group consisted of merchants, craftsmen, farmers and artisans. A small number of <a href="/wiki/Jews" title="Jews">Jews</a> came from the beginning of the 16th century, and there were indentured <a href="/wiki/Slaves" class="mw-redirect" title="Slaves">slaves</a> of African origin at this time who farmed and did domestic work. The first municipality in Pico was established at <a href="/wiki/Lajes_do_Pico" title="Lajes do Pico">Lajes</a>, where fresh water was available (the place-name (<a href="/wiki/Ribeiras" title="Ribeiras">Ribeiras</a>) proves this). </p><p>Around 9,000 lived on Pico by 1695. Pico moved "up the ladder" of urban hierarchies from fifth largest centre in the Azores to fourth, behind <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Miguel_Island" title="São Miguel Island">São Miguel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Terceira" class="mw-redirect" title="Terceira">Terceira</a> and <a href="/wiki/Faial_Island" title="Faial Island">Faial</a>. By the middle of the 18th century the population was over 19,000 people. In 1542, the inhabitants of the north of the island asked King <a href="/wiki/Jo%C3%A3o_III" class="mw-redirect" title="João III">João III</a> to create a second village, to allow better law and order in a frontier economy with theft and corruption. <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Roque_do_Pico" title="São Roque do Pico">São Roque do Pico</a> was established.<sup id="cite_ref-iac_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iac-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was only much later, when the link between the islands of Pico and Faial strengthened further, that there was a need to create a third municipality. <a href="/wiki/Madalena,_Azores" title="Madalena, Azores">Madalena</a> was established in 1723 (the larger town of <a href="/wiki/Horta,_Azores" title="Horta, Azores">Horta</a> is 7 km away on Faial, and was where many of the island's property-owners and winemakers lived).<sup id="cite_ref-iac_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iac-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-EA_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EA-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The islands of Pico and Faial were administered jointly until 1766, when Pico became an integral part of the <a href="/wiki/Province_of_the_Azores" title="Province of the Azores">Province of the Azores</a>, led by a captain-general based in <a href="/wiki/Angra_do_Hero%C3%ADsmo" title="Angra do Heroísmo">Angra</a>. Centralizing governance in this way had poor success: in 1836, the people of Pico were integrated into a smaller administrative unit again, the third Azorean district, with the islands of <a href="/wiki/Faial_Island" title="Faial Island">Faial</a>, <a href="/wiki/Flores_Island_(Azores)" title="Flores Island (Azores)">Flores</a> and <a href="/wiki/Corvo_Island" title="Corvo Island">Corvo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-EA_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EA-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pico_Island_-_Russell_%26_Purrington_-_A_Whaling_Voyage_%27Round_the_World,_1848_-_Museu_dos_Baleeiros.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Pico_Island_-_Russell_%26_Purrington_-_A_Whaling_Voyage_%27Round_the_World%2C_1848_-_Museu_dos_Baleeiros.JPG/220px-Pico_Island_-_Russell_%26_Purrington_-_A_Whaling_Voyage_%27Round_the_World%2C_1848_-_Museu_dos_Baleeiros.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Pico_Island_-_Russell_%26_Purrington_-_A_Whaling_Voyage_%27Round_the_World%2C_1848_-_Museu_dos_Baleeiros.JPG/330px-Pico_Island_-_Russell_%26_Purrington_-_A_Whaling_Voyage_%27Round_the_World%2C_1848_-_Museu_dos_Baleeiros.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Pico_Island_-_Russell_%26_Purrington_-_A_Whaling_Voyage_%27Round_the_World%2C_1848_-_Museu_dos_Baleeiros.JPG/440px-Pico_Island_-_Russell_%26_Purrington_-_A_Whaling_Voyage_%27Round_the_World%2C_1848_-_Museu_dos_Baleeiros.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3259" data-file-height="1885" /></a><figcaption>The town of Madalena, circa 1848</figcaption></figure> <p>Settlers initially farmed wheat and some olives in addition to developing a <a href="/wiki/Woad" class="mw-redirect" title="Woad">woad</a> industry, as on <a href="/wiki/Faial_Island" title="Faial Island">Faial</a> (based on lichens that were exported to Flanders to produce commercial dyes). The two islands often shared livelihood activities<sup id="cite_ref-visit_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-visit-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Viticulture, helped by the richer soils found in suitable micro-climates, then grew rapidly. The industry was disturbed by the last volcanic eruptions, but viticulture expanded commercial livelihood opportunities considerably. Pico's famous <i><a href="/wiki/Verdelho" title="Verdelho">verdelho</a></i> wine production, dating back two centuries, was widely appreciated in many countries (including England and in the Americas and even in the palaces of the Russian czars). Viticulture declined with the spread of <a href="/wiki/Powdery_mildew" title="Powdery mildew">powdery mildew</a> and <a href="/wiki/Phylloxera" title="Phylloxera">phylloxera</a> during the middle of the 19th century, creating a crisis on the island that lasted until the 20th century.<sup id="cite_ref-visit_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-visit-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The other major economic activity was whaling. The presence of American and British whalers in the waters of the Azores at the end of the 18th century stabilized the economy. <a href="/wiki/Spermwhale" class="mw-redirect" title="Spermwhale">Spermwhale</a> <a href="/wiki/Whale_hunting" class="mw-redirect" title="Whale hunting">hunting</a> became the primary industry around the island until it was abolished in 1986. The whale factory is now a museum.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-visit_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-visit-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pico_Island&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Physical_geography">Physical geography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pico_Island&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Physical geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:758px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="overflow:auto"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pico_Panorama_(26344642099).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Panorama of the westernmost part of the Island, and Faial Island at a distance"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Pico_Panorama_%2826344642099%29.jpg/750px-Pico_Panorama_%2826344642099%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="750" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Pico_Panorama_%2826344642099%29.jpg/1125px-Pico_Panorama_%2826344642099%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Pico_Panorama_%2826344642099%29.jpg/1500px-Pico_Panorama_%2826344642099%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7152" data-file-height="1080" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption" style="text-align:center"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Pico_Panorama_(26344642099).jpg" title="File:Pico Panorama (26344642099).jpg"> </a></div>Panorama of the westernmost part of the Island, and <a href="/wiki/Faial_Island" title="Faial Island">Faial Island</a> at a distance</div></div></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:A_Mounatin_rises_(38089613382).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/A_Mounatin_rises_%2838089613382%29.jpg/220px-A_Mounatin_rises_%2838089613382%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/A_Mounatin_rises_%2838089613382%29.jpg/330px-A_Mounatin_rises_%2838089613382%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/A_Mounatin_rises_%2838089613382%29.jpg/440px-A_Mounatin_rises_%2838089613382%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4315" data-file-height="2992" /></a><figcaption>View of the stratovolcano near Pico Wine Museum</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hike_up_Mountain_Pico_(Portugal%27s_highest_peak),_Pico_Island,_Azores,_Portugal_(PPL1-Corrected)_5_julesvernex2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Hike_up_Mountain_Pico_%28Portugal%27s_highest_peak%29%2C_Pico_Island%2C_Azores%2C_Portugal_%28PPL1-Corrected%29_5_julesvernex2.jpg/220px-Hike_up_Mountain_Pico_%28Portugal%27s_highest_peak%29%2C_Pico_Island%2C_Azores%2C_Portugal_%28PPL1-Corrected%29_5_julesvernex2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Hike_up_Mountain_Pico_%28Portugal%27s_highest_peak%29%2C_Pico_Island%2C_Azores%2C_Portugal_%28PPL1-Corrected%29_5_julesvernex2.jpg/330px-Hike_up_Mountain_Pico_%28Portugal%27s_highest_peak%29%2C_Pico_Island%2C_Azores%2C_Portugal_%28PPL1-Corrected%29_5_julesvernex2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Hike_up_Mountain_Pico_%28Portugal%27s_highest_peak%29%2C_Pico_Island%2C_Azores%2C_Portugal_%28PPL1-Corrected%29_5_julesvernex2.jpg/440px-Hike_up_Mountain_Pico_%28Portugal%27s_highest_peak%29%2C_Pico_Island%2C_Azores%2C_Portugal_%28PPL1-Corrected%29_5_julesvernex2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5863" data-file-height="3830" /></a><figcaption>High altitude area of the island, showing cloud cover adjacent to the summit</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ilh%C3%A9us_do_Pico,_ilha_do_Faial_ao_fundo,_A%C3%A7ores.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Ilh%C3%A9us_do_Pico%2C_ilha_do_Faial_ao_fundo%2C_A%C3%A7ores.jpg/220px-Ilh%C3%A9us_do_Pico%2C_ilha_do_Faial_ao_fundo%2C_A%C3%A7ores.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Ilh%C3%A9us_do_Pico%2C_ilha_do_Faial_ao_fundo%2C_A%C3%A7ores.jpg/330px-Ilh%C3%A9us_do_Pico%2C_ilha_do_Faial_ao_fundo%2C_A%C3%A7ores.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Ilh%C3%A9us_do_Pico%2C_ilha_do_Faial_ao_fundo%2C_A%C3%A7ores.jpg/440px-Ilh%C3%A9us_do_Pico%2C_ilha_do_Faial_ao_fundo%2C_A%C3%A7ores.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="428" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Madalena_Islets" title="Madalena Islets">The two islets</a> at the entrance to <a href="/wiki/Madalena_(Azores)" class="mw-redirect" title="Madalena (Azores)">Madalena</a> harbor, formed from a submerged crater</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:IlhadoPico2022OSM.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/IlhadoPico2022OSM.png/220px-IlhadoPico2022OSM.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/IlhadoPico2022OSM.png/330px-IlhadoPico2022OSM.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/IlhadoPico2022OSM.png/440px-IlhadoPico2022OSM.png 2x" data-file-width="5000" data-file-height="2223" /></a><figcaption>Detailed map of Pico and neighbouring Faial</figcaption></figure> <p>The island is 17.5 km south of <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Jorge_(island)" class="mw-redirect" title="São Jorge (island)">São Jorge</a> and just 7 km east of <a href="/wiki/Faial_Island" title="Faial Island">Faial</a>, in the Central Group of islands, an area that is colloquially known as <i><b>O Triângulo</b></i> (The Triangle). Pico is 46.3 kilometers long, and at its maximum extent about 16 kilometers wide; making it the second largest of the Azores islands. The 151.8 km coastline is slightly indented with <a href="/wiki/Inlet" title="Inlet">inlets</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cove" title="Cove">coves</a>. Accessibility to the sea poses no difficulties, except in sections with plunging, unstable cliffs, subject to frequent <a href="/wiki/Volcanic_landslide" title="Volcanic landslide">landslides</a> (as seen in the northeast and southeast). Seabirds find favorable conditions for nesting in these habitats, in particular the species of Tern (<i><a href="/wiki/Sterna_hirundo" class="mw-redirect" title="Sterna hirundo">Sterna hirundo</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Sterna_dougallii" class="mw-redirect" title="Sterna dougallii">Sterna dougallii</a></i>) and Shearwater (<i><a href="/wiki/Calonectris_borealis" class="mw-redirect" title="Calonectris borealis">Calonectris borealis</a></i>). The rocky substrates prevail throughout the coast (slabs that alternate with rolled <a href="/wiki/Pebble" title="Pebble">pebbles</a>), there are no sandy beaches, but there are numerous <a href="/wiki/Tide_pool" title="Tide pool">tide pools</a> and natural inlets used for bathing.<sup id="cite_ref-EA_6-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EA-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Along the central plain of volcano cones to the eastern coast, the landscape is pitted with the remnants of craters and lake-filled cones, and dominated by the ancient volcano of Topo. Geomorphologically, the island is composed of three units:<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Topo_Volcano" title="Topo Volcano">Topo Volcano</a></b> - Located on the southernmost side of the island, it corresponds to an ancient <a href="/wiki/Shield_volcano" title="Shield volcano">shield volcano</a> created by the overlap of various lava flows and destroyed by erosion and landslides;</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Achada_Plateau" title="Achada Plateau">Achada Plateau</a></b> - Extending from the east side of the island to the stratovolcano, the Achada Plateau is an axial zone comprising spatter and lava cones along a mountainous ridge filled with lake-filled craters, dense scrub and forests. <a href="/wiki/Cinder_cone" title="Cinder cone">Cones</a> in this region are oriented along a west-northwest and south-southeast axis along a path east to west between the other volcanic structures;</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Mount_Pico" title="Mount Pico">Pico Volcano</a></b> - It occupies the western portion of the island, and corresponds to a central volcano with 2,351 m (7,713 ft) in altitude, created by numerous <a href="/wiki/Hawaiian_eruption" title="Hawaiian eruption">Hawaiian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Strombolian_eruption" title="Strombolian eruption">Strombolian eruptions</a>. Along its flanks are diverse lava and spatter cones that are formed along radial fractures and faults.</li></ul> <p>Generally, Pico Island's tectonic structures are oriented along a west-northwest to east-southeast and a northeast to southwest axis. The main axis controls the main structures, especially the main mountain of Pico, while the secondary axises affect the radial fractures and faults along the central plain and eastern volcano. </p><p>Similar to the geomorphological structures described above, the volcanic landforms have been identified by Madeira (1998) in the following units:<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><b>Volcanic Complex of Lajes</b> - pertains to the oldest volcanic structures, comprising volcanoes, lavas and debris that are between 35 and 300,000 thousand years old; it makes up the structures of the eastern part of the island, including the ancient volcano of Topo.</li> <li><b>Volcanic Complex of Calheta de Nesquim</b> - dating to about 230,000 thousand years ago, this is a fissural zone of cones and basaltic lavas, associated with the Achada Plain, and the many faults along the central plateau of the island.</li> <li><b>Volcanic Complex of Madalena</b> - the most recent volcanic complex, with both geological and historical eruptions; it includes the <a href="/wiki/Basalt" title="Basalt">basaltic</a> <a href="/wiki/Stratovolcano" title="Stratovolcano">stratovolcano</a> of Pico, but also many of the cones, faults and lava fields that circle the 2,351 meter summit.</li></ul> <p>The last volcanic eruption (which is debatable) occurred in 1963, in a small submarine eruption off the northwest coast (north of Cachorro in <a href="/wiki/Santa_Luzia_(S%C3%A3o_Roque_do_Pico)" title="Santa Luzia (São Roque do Pico)">Santa Luzia</a>). Prior to this, major volcanic activity was evident in lava fields generated in only the areas of <a href="/wiki/Prainha_(S%C3%A3o_Roque_do_Pico)" title="Prainha (São Roque do Pico)">Prainha</a> (1562–64), <a href="/wiki/Santa_Luzia_(S%C3%A3o_Roque_do_Pico)" title="Santa Luzia (São Roque do Pico)">Santa Luzia</a> (1718), São João (1718) and Silveira (1720). The paths of the lava flows are still visible; those in the 16th century and 1718 were particularly substantial, extending for over 10 km. Today, the only visible evidence of active volcanism appears on the summit of Pico, in the base and interior of the Piqueninho (the mini-peak on the summit); there are irregular emissions from cracks in this zone. Additionally, there are emissions on the eastern flanks between 1500 and 2000 meters altitude. There have also been found areas of de-gasification along the fault associated with the Lagoa do Capitão and another in the Topo Volcano, as well as a spring rich in CO<sub style="font-size: 80%;vertical-align: -0.35em">2</sub> in the area of Silveira. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Earthquakes">Earthquakes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pico_Island&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Earthquakes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pico, much like the other islands, is susceptible to seismic events, although their epicenters have primarily been localized in the <a href="/wiki/Faial-Pico_Channel" title="Faial-Pico Channel">Faial-Pico</a> or Pico-São Jorge Channels. Only three significant tectonic earthquakes have hit the island of Pico since the beginning of settlement: The <a href="/wiki/1755_Lisbon_earthquake" title="1755 Lisbon earthquake">1757 earthquake</a>, which caused significant damage in the eastern region of the island including the death of 11 people and the collapse of a church and a few houses; the 1973 seismic crisis (October 1973 - May 1974) in which the main earthquake (with magnitude 5.5) did considerable damage to 604 houses in Faial and 2,000 in Pico, which left nearly 5,000 people homeless;<sup id="cite_ref-EA_6-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EA-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the July 9, 1998 earthquake, the strongest earthquake registered in the last 30 years, which had its epicenter 5 kilometers northeast of Ponta da Ribeirinha, on the island of Faial, reaching a 5.8 magnitude. It was felt on Pico, with a maximum intensity level of VII on the <a href="/wiki/Mercalli_intensity_scale" class="mw-redirect" title="Mercalli intensity scale">Mercalli scale</a>; some homes were damaged and possessions were buffeted. Other violent earthquakes which have affected the island include: the 1957-58 seismic events associated with the eruption of the <a href="/wiki/Capelinhos" title="Capelinhos">Capelinhos</a> volcano (on Faial), the February 1964 earthquake on the island of São Jorge, and the 1926 earthquake, whose epicenter was registered in the Faial-Pico Channel. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Biome">Biome</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pico_Island&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Biome"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pittosporum_undulatum_(trebol-a).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pittosporum_undulatum_%28trebol-a%29.jpg/220px-Pittosporum_undulatum_%28trebol-a%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pittosporum_undulatum_%28trebol-a%29.jpg/330px-Pittosporum_undulatum_%28trebol-a%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pittosporum_undulatum_%28trebol-a%29.jpg/440px-Pittosporum_undulatum_%28trebol-a%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="680" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Pittosporum_undulatum" title="Pittosporum undulatum">Pittosporum undulatum</a></i>, here depicted on Pico, is one of the most <a href="/wiki/Invasive_species" title="Invasive species">invasive</a> plant species on the island</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Pico_Nature_Park" title="Pico Nature Park">Pico Nature Park</a></div> <p>According to the 2018 land occupation chart of the Azores, compared to the other islands of the archipelago, Pico has, both by proportion and total land area, the largest area of intact native <a href="/wiki/Laurisilva" class="mw-redirect" title="Laurisilva">laurisilva</a> forests, and <a href="/wiki/Temperate_broadleaf_and_mixed_forests" title="Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests">broadleaf forests</a> (which includes introduced species such as <i><a href="/wiki/Pittosporum_undulatum" title="Pittosporum undulatum">Pittosporum undulatum</a></i>), that occupy, respectively, 2.9% and 30% of the island. Pico is the only island in the Azores where <a href="/wiki/Pasture" title="Pasture">pasture</a> and <a href="/wiki/Meadow" title="Meadow">meadow</a> are not the dominant landscape (accounting only for around 29% of the territory).<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Like the remaining islands of the Azores, Pico suffered extensive deforestation following its occupation. While some land, especially at the coast, was used for housing, the majority was and is still used for farming, livestock and the wood industry (of <i><a href="/wiki/Cryptomeria" title="Cryptomeria">Cryptomeria</a></i>). Additionally, several introductions of exotic species in the 19th century, like <i><a href="/wiki/Hydrangea_macrophylla" title="Hydrangea macrophylla">Hydrangea macrophylla</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Pittosporum_undulatum" title="Pittosporum undulatum">Pittosporum undulatum</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Hedychium_gardnerianum" title="Hedychium gardnerianum">Hedychium gardnerianum</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Psidium_cattleyanum" title="Psidium cattleyanum">Psidium cattleyanum</a></i>, resulted in invasion and destruction of the remaining native habitats. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Gaspar_Frutuoso" title="Gaspar Frutuoso">Gaspar Frutuoso</a> gave a brief description of the island's flora only a century after being occupied: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>"All around this island, there is abundant and thick wood of cedar [<i><a href="/wiki/Juniperus_brevifolia" title="Juniperus brevifolia">Juniperus brevifolia</a></i>], <i>sanguinho</i> [<i><a href="/wiki/Frangula_azorica" title="Frangula azorica">Frangula azorica</a></i>], <i>ginja</i> [<i><a href="/wiki/Prunus_lusitanica" title="Prunus lusitanica">Prunus lusitanica</a></i>], <i>pau branco</i> [<i><a href="/wiki/Picconia_azorica" title="Picconia azorica">Picconia azorica</a></i>], <i>faias</i> [<i><a href="/wiki/Morella_faya" class="mw-redirect" title="Morella faya">Morella faya</a></i>], laurels [<i><a href="/wiki/Laurus_azorica" title="Laurus azorica">Laurus azorica</a></i>], and above all, the yew wood [<i><a href="/wiki/Taxus_baccata" title="Taxus baccata">Taxus baccata</a></i>], found solely on Pico [...] There are many trees: Cedar, <i>pau branco</i>, laurel, <i>faia</i>, <i>tamujo</i> [<i><a href="/wiki/Myrsine_africana" title="Myrsine africana">Myrsine africana</a></i>], heaths [<i><a href="/wiki/Erica_azorica" title="Erica azorica">Erica azorica</a></i>] as large as trees, <i>sanguinhos</i>, <i>zimbro</i> and laurustinus [<i><a href="/wiki/Viburnum_treleasei" title="Viburnum treleasei">Viburnum treleasei</a></i>] [...]"</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Gaspar Frutuoso, late 16th century, <a href="/wiki/Saudades_da_Terra" title="Saudades da Terra">Saudades da Terra</a>, Book VI<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div></blockquote> <p>Over a third of the <a href="/wiki/Natura_2000" title="Natura 2000">Natura 2000</a> protected areas of the Azores are located on Pico. It has also the largest number of volcanic cavities (<a href="/wiki/Lava_cave" title="Lava cave">lava caves</a>) of anywhere in the archipelago, 86 out of 225.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pico_Island&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lagoa_do_Capit%C3%A3o_com_montanha_do_pico.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Lagoa_do_Capit%C3%A3o_com_montanha_do_pico.jpg/220px-Lagoa_do_Capit%C3%A3o_com_montanha_do_pico.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Lagoa_do_Capit%C3%A3o_com_montanha_do_pico.jpg/330px-Lagoa_do_Capit%C3%A3o_com_montanha_do_pico.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Lagoa_do_Capit%C3%A3o_com_montanha_do_pico.jpg/440px-Lagoa_do_Capit%C3%A3o_com_montanha_do_pico.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3873" data-file-height="2582" /></a><figcaption>The climate on the highlands of Pico is characterized by cool temperatures and extreme humidity. The photo shows the few <a href="/wiki/Azores_juniper" class="mw-redirect" title="Azores juniper">Azores junipers</a> that remain near the shores of Lagoa do Capitão</figcaption></figure> <p>Pico, like the other islands in the archipelago, has a mild maritime climate with high precipitation and high humidity for most of the year. However, due to its distinctive topographic variation, temperature and precipitation levels vary significantly depending on altitude and location, with rainfall generally more concentrated in the east. Temperatures fluctuate by approximately 8 °C between the coolest month, February, and the warmest month, August. </p><p>At lower elevations, where most of the population resides, Pico has a <a href="/wiki/Humid_subtropical_climate" title="Humid subtropical climate">humid subtropical climate</a> (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen</a>: <i>Cfa</i>; <a href="/wiki/Thornthwaite_climate_classification" title="Thornthwaite climate classification">Thornthwaite</a>: <i>B</i>) with mild, rainy winters (mean around 14.5 °C (58.1 °F)) and warm, noticeably drier summers, (mean around 22 °C (72 °F)) although generally not dry enough to be classified as <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Climate" class="mw-redirect" title="Mediterranean Climate">Mediterranean</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-EA_6-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EA-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has an average annual temperature of 17.5–18 °C (63.5–64.4 °F) and around 1,000 to 1,600 mm (39 to 63 in) of precipitation fall each year, though values as high as 2,000 mm (79 in) are typical on the central northeast coast (<a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Roque_do_Pico_(parish)" title="São Roque do Pico (parish)">São Roque</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prainha_(S%C3%A3o_Roque_do_Pico)" title="Prainha (São Roque do Pico)">Prainha</a> and <a href="/wiki/Santo_Amaro_(S%C3%A3o_Roque_do_Pico)" title="Santo Amaro (São Roque do Pico)">Santo Amaro</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-Azevedo_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Azevedo-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Because of its high <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (around 80%), summers can feel slightly warmer than they really are.<sup id="cite_ref-PGRH_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PGRH-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At higher elevations, like the <a href="/wiki/Achada_Plateau" title="Achada Plateau">Achada Plateau</a>, temperatures are cooler and precipitation increases, it therefore transitions into a wet <a href="/wiki/Oceanic_climate" title="Oceanic climate">oceanic climate</a> (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen</a>: <i>Cfb</i>; <a href="/wiki/Thornthwaite_climate_classification" title="Thornthwaite climate classification">Thornthwaite</a>: <i>A</i>), average relative humidity stays around 90%<sup id="cite_ref-PGRH_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PGRH-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-EA_6-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EA-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and fogs produced by the cooling of rising air masses from the ocean are persistent, which, in turn, creates an environment typical of a <a href="/wiki/Cloud_forest" title="Cloud forest">cloud forest</a>. Places such as the <a href="/wiki/Lagoa_do_Caiado" title="Lagoa do Caiado">Caiado</a> and Paul lakes receive, respectively, 4,698 and 3,357 millimetres (185.0 and 132.2 in)<sup id="cite_ref-ACI_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ACI-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of precipitation each year and <a href="/wiki/Mount_Pico" title="Mount Pico">Mount Pico</a> is recognized as receiving the largest annual rainfall in Portugal (over 5,000 mm (200 in) per year at the northeastern flanks of the volcano). </p><p>At around 1,200 m (3,900 ft), the climate becomes <a href="/wiki/Subpolar_oceanic_climate" class="mw-redirect" title="Subpolar oceanic climate">subpolar oceanic</a> (<i>Cfc</i>) (somewhat comparable to the <a href="/wiki/Faroe_Islands" title="Faroe Islands">Faroe Islands</a>). As altitude surpasses 1,500 metres (4,900 ft) and exceeds the <a href="/wiki/Planetary_boundary_layer" title="Planetary boundary layer">planetary boundary layer</a>, both precipitation and humidity levels decrease reaching the top of Mount Pico which is estimated to receive only 500 millimetres (20 in) of precipitation. Temperatures at the peak of the stratovolcano (~2,300 metres (7,500 ft) <a href="/wiki/Height_above_sea_level" class="mw-redirect" title="Height above sea level">a.s.l.</a>) average 2 °C (36 °F) and snow can be frequently seen in the cooler months, being one of the few places in the <a href="/wiki/Azores" title="Azores">archipelago</a> where this phenomenon is possible.<sup id="cite_ref-Azevedo_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Azevedo-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The climate is classified as <a href="/wiki/Alpine_climate" title="Alpine climate">alpine</a> at the very top.<sup id="cite_ref-ACI_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ACI-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pico has registered the highest temperature ever recorded in the Azores, 32.1 °C (89.8 °F) on 7 September 1985 at <a href="/wiki/Pico_Airport" title="Pico Airport">Pico Airport</a><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and although there are no climatic stations at Mount Pico, it is likely that the island has also experienced the lowest temperatures in the archipelago at the top of the mountain. </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for <a href="/wiki/Pico_Airport" title="Pico Airport">Pico Airport</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bandeiras_(Madalena)" title="Bandeiras (Madalena)">Bandeiras</a>, <a href="/wiki/Madalena,_Azores" title="Madalena, Azores">Madalena</a>, Pico Island, Azores </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFAB58; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.6<br />(61.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFAE5D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.2<br />(61.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFAA56; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.7<br />(62.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFA44A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.6<br />(63.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF9932; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.3<br />(66.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF8913; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.6<br />(70.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF7700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.1<br />(75.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF6F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.3<br />(77.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF7700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.2<br />(75.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF8913; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.6<br />(70.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF9A35; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.1<br />(66.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFA54B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.5<br />(63.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF9429; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">20.0<br />(68.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFBA75; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.5<br />(58.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFBE7D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.9<br />(57.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFBA76; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.4<br />(57.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFB56B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.2<br />(59.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFAA56; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.7<br />(62.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF9B37; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.0<br />(66.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF8B17; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.3<br />(70.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF8308; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.4<br />(72.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF8A16; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.4<br />(70.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF9934; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.2<br />(66.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFA954; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.9<br />(62.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFB368; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.4<br />(59.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFA54B; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">17.5<br />(63.5) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFC892; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.4<br />(54.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFCD9B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.7<br />(53.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFC994; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.2<br />(54.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFC58C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.8<br />(55.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFBC79; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.2<br />(57.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFAC5A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.4<br />(61.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF9E3E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.5<br />(65.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF962E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.6<br />(67.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF9D3B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.7<br />(65.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFAA55; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.8<br />(62.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFB871; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.8<br />(58.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFC184; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.4<br />(56.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFB56C; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">15.1<br />(59.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainfall mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #5BFF5B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">109.5<br />(4.31) </td> <td style="background: #44FF44; color:#000000;" class="notheme">113.8<br />(4.48) </td> <td style="background: #6EFF6E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">97.0<br />(3.82) </td> <td style="background: #96FF96; color:#000000;" class="notheme">68.1<br />(2.68) </td> <td style="background: #8CFF8C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">77.0<br />(3.03) </td> <td style="background: #C7FFC7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.9<br />(1.41) </td> <td style="background: #D0FFD0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.2<br />(1.23) </td> <td style="background: #A1FFA1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">63.0<br />(2.48) </td> <td style="background: #72FF72; color:#000000;" class="notheme">91.4<br />(3.60) </td> <td style="background: #3CFF3C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">130.6<br />(5.14) </td> <td style="background: #1CFF1C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">147.3<br />(5.80) </td> <td style="background: #28FF28; color:#000000;" class="notheme">144.2<br />(5.68) </td> <td style="background: #72FF72; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1,109<br />(43.66) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #0000CB; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">80 </td> <td style="background: #0000CB; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">80 </td> <td style="background: #0000CB; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">80 </td> <td style="background: #0000CF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">79 </td> <td style="background: #0000C8; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">81 </td> <td style="background: #0000C8; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">81 </td> <td style="background: #0000CB; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">80 </td> <td style="background: #0000CB; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">80 </td> <td style="background: #0000CB; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">80 </td> <td style="background: #0000CF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">79 </td> <td style="background: #0000CB; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">80 </td> <td style="background: #0000C8; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">81 </td> <td style="background: #0000CB; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">80 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 1: <i>climate-data.org</i><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 2: <a href="/wiki/IPMA" class="mw-redirect" title="IPMA">IPMA</a> (precipitation),<sup id="cite_ref-ACI_21-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ACI-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (humidity from the neighboring city of Horta)<sup id="cite_ref-NOAA_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NOAA-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Cabeço do Teicho, 2017-2021, altitude: ~ 850 m (2,790 ft) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF9D3C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.6<br />(65.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF9022; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.5<br />(68.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF9932; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.3<br />(66.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFA042; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.2<br />(64.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF8914; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.5<br />(70.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF8D1B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.0<br />(69.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF7900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.9<br />(75.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF7100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.0<br />(77.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF7F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.0<br />(73.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF7C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.4<br />(74.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF9934; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.2<br />(66.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF9F40; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.3<br />(64.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF7100; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">25.0<br />(77.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFCB97; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.0<br />(53.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFCA96; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.1<br />(53.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFCA96; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.1<br />(53.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFC78F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.6<br />(54.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFB871; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.8<br />(58.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFAD5C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.3<br />(61.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF9730; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.5<br />(67.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF9123; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.4<br />(68.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF9D3C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.6<br />(65.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFAA56; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.7<br />(62.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFBE7E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.8<br />(56.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFC78F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.6<br />(54.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFB56C; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">15.1<br />(59.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFD9B3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.0<br />(50.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFE1C3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.8<br />(47.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFDFBF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.1<br />(48.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFD9B4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.9<br />(49.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFCE9D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.6<br />(52.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFC387; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.2<br />(55.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFAD5C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.3<br />(61.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFA74F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.2<br />(63.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFB164; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.7<br />(60.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFBD7C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.0<br />(57.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFCF9F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.4<br />(52.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFD7B0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.2<br />(50.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFC993; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">12.3<br />(54.1) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFE8D2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.7<br />(45.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFF6ED; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.8<br />(42.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFF1E3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.5<br />(43.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFEBD8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.3<br />(45.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFE2C6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.6<br />(47.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFD8B1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.1<br />(50.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFC489; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.0<br />(55.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFBB77; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.3<br />(57.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFC388; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.1<br />(55.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFCE9E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.5<br />(52.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFDFBF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.1<br />(48.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFE8D2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.7<br />(45.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFDBB8; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">9.6<br />(49.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #EFEFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.6<br />(34.9) </td> <td style="background: #EDEDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.3<br />(34.3) </td> <td style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.1<br />(35.8) </td> <td style="background: #F5F5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.7<br />(36.9) </td> <td style="background: #F5F5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.7<br />(36.9) </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.2<br />(39.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFE8D1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.8<br />(46.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFE3C7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.5<br />(47.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFE0C2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.9<br />(48.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFF1E3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.5<br />(43.7) </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.9<br />(39.0) </td> <td style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.2<br />(36.0) </td> <td style="background: #EDEDFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1.3<br />(34.3) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #003000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">636.9<br />(25.07) </td> <td style="background: #003000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">426.8<br />(16.80) </td> <td style="background: #006300; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">275.3<br />(10.84) </td> <td style="background: #003000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">358.7<br />(14.12) </td> <td style="background: #006300; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">275.3<br />(10.84) </td> <td style="background: #0CFF0C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">157.3<br />(6.19) </td> <td style="background: #83FF83; color:#000000;" class="notheme">83.1<br />(3.27) </td> <td style="background: #009200; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">243.8<br />(9.60) </td> <td style="background: #005E00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">270.0<br />(10.63) </td> <td style="background: #003000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">384.6<br />(15.14) </td> <td style="background: #003000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">581.5<br />(22.89) </td> <td style="background: #003000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">498.1<br />(19.61) </td> <td style="background: #003000; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">4,191.4<br />(165) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #0000A5; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">90 </td> <td style="background: #0000B1; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">87 </td> <td style="background: #0000A1; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">91 </td> <td style="background: #0000A1; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">91 </td> <td style="background: #0000A9; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">89 </td> <td style="background: #0000A5; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">90 </td> <td style="background: #0000AD; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">88 </td> <td style="background: #0000A1; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">91 </td> <td style="background: #0000A1; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">91 </td> <td style="background: #0000A1; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">91 </td> <td style="background: #00009A; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">93 </td> <td style="background: #0000A1; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">91 </td> <td style="background: #0000A5; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">90 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: Direção Regional do Ambiente<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Human_geography">Human geography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pico_Island&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Human geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table border="0" cellpadding="20" cellspacing="0" style="float:right;"> <tbody><tr> <td> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1034237262">.mw-parser-output .stack{box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .stack>div{margin:1px;overflow:hidden}@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-left{float:left;clear:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-right{float:right;clear:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-left{float:left;clear:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-right{float:right;clear:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-left{float:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-right{float:right;margin-left:1em}}</style><div class="stack mw-stack stack-right"><div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236656977">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style><table class="table-pale" style="width:15em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 0.5em;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Population of <br />Pico Island<br /><small>(1695–2019)<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></small></caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Percent change" class="abbr-header">±%</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"> 1695 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">10,028</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"> 1747 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">19,748</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+96.9%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"> 1776 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">21,061</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+6.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"> 1795 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">22,310</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+5.9%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb"> 1849 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">31,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+39.0%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"> 1900 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">24,500</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−21.0%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"> 1930 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">20,500</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−16.3%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"> 1960 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">21,837</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+6.5%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"> 1981 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">15,483</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−29.1%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb"> 1991 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">15,202</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">−1.8%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"> 2001 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">14,806</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−2.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"> 2011 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">14,148</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−4.4%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"> 2021 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">13,895</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−1.8%</td></tr></tbody></table> </div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Geological, geomorphological and climatic constraints played (and still have) a determining role in economic activity, in the distribution of urban agglomerations and in demographic evolution. The settlement pattern is a good example of the native's adaptation to the specific physical geography of this island, developing mainly along the coast and along the roads of communication. The main urban centers, municipality seats, are located by the sea: <a href="/wiki/Madalena_(Azores)" class="mw-redirect" title="Madalena (Azores)">Madalena</a>, <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Roque_do_Pico" title="São Roque do Pico">São Roque do Pico</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lajes_do_Pico" title="Lajes do Pico">Lajes do Pico</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-EA_6-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EA-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Regarding demographic behavior, the population has continued to decline since the middle of the last century, a trend that continues to the present day. However, the 1960s and 1970s were the decades that showed a more negative population variation rate, due to the intense <a href="/wiki/Emigration" title="Emigration">emigration</a> surge that was generated at this time and that was generalized to the entire archipelago. Unlike other islands in the Azores, in the 1990s the situation did not change, continuing to register a negative population variation (-2.6%), even higher than that registered in the 1980s. According to the XIV General Census of Population (INE, 2002), the population totaled 14,806 inhabitants, which represents a decrease of 396 inhabitants compared to 1991. In 2001, the municipality of Madalena had the largest population (6,136 individuals), followed by Lajes do Pico (5,041 individuals) and São Roque (3,629 individuals). The population density (33.3 inhabitants/km2) was among the lowest in the archipelago and the age structure showed signs of aging, with more than 50% of the population aged between 25 and 64 years, against 30% of young people and about 20% of seniors.<sup id="cite_ref-EA_6-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EA-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of 2021, the total population is estimated to be around 13,895 inhabitants.<sup id="cite_ref-INE_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-INE-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pico100.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The village of Madalena at the western base of Mount Pico, as seen from the Faial-Pico Channel"><img alt="The village of Madalena at the western base of Mount Pico, as seen from the Faial-Pico Channel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Pico100.jpg/271px-Pico100.jpg" decoding="async" width="181" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Pico100.jpg/407px-Pico100.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Pico100.jpg/542px-Pico100.jpg 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="598" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The village of <a href="/wiki/Madalena,_Azores" title="Madalena, Azores">Madalena</a> at the western base of Mount Pico, as seen from the Faial-Pico Channel</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PIC_LAJ_Lajes_do_Pico.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Lajes do Pico, along the south-central coast, with Mount Pico in the distance"><img alt="Lajes do Pico, along the south-central coast, with Mount Pico in the distance" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/PIC_LAJ_Lajes_do_Pico.JPG/240px-PIC_LAJ_Lajes_do_Pico.JPG" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/PIC_LAJ_Lajes_do_Pico.JPG/360px-PIC_LAJ_Lajes_do_Pico.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/PIC_LAJ_Lajes_do_Pico.JPG/480px-PIC_LAJ_Lajes_do_Pico.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Lajes_do_Pico" title="Lajes do Pico">Lajes do Pico</a>, along the south-central coast, with Mount Pico in the distance</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PIC_SRQ_S%C3%A3o_Roque_do_Pico.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="The port and historic centre of the civil parish of São Roque, showing the whaling museum, and former rendering factory along the coast"><img alt="The port and historic centre of the civil parish of São Roque, showing the whaling museum, and former rendering factory along the coast" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/PIC_SRQ_S%C3%A3o_Roque_do_Pico.JPG/240px-PIC_SRQ_S%C3%A3o_Roque_do_Pico.JPG" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/PIC_SRQ_S%C3%A3o_Roque_do_Pico.JPG/360px-PIC_SRQ_S%C3%A3o_Roque_do_Pico.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/PIC_SRQ_S%C3%A3o_Roque_do_Pico.JPG/480px-PIC_SRQ_S%C3%A3o_Roque_do_Pico.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The port and historic centre of the civil parish of <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Roque_do_Pico" title="São Roque do Pico">São Roque</a>, showing the whaling museum, and former rendering factory along the coast</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ilha_do_Pico_-_A%C3%A7ores.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="East side of the island, viewed from Mount Pico"><img alt="East side of the island, viewed from Mount Pico" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Ilha_do_Pico_-_A%C3%A7ores.jpg/270px-Ilha_do_Pico_-_A%C3%A7ores.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Ilha_do_Pico_-_A%C3%A7ores.jpg/405px-Ilha_do_Pico_-_A%C3%A7ores.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Ilha_do_Pico_-_A%C3%A7ores.jpg/540px-Ilha_do_Pico_-_A%C3%A7ores.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5151" data-file-height="3434" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">East side of the island, viewed from Mount Pico</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pico_Island&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PIC_LAJ_20090122_SaoRoque_monumentWhalers.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/PIC_LAJ_20090122_SaoRoque_monumentWhalers.JPG/170px-PIC_LAJ_20090122_SaoRoque_monumentWhalers.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/PIC_LAJ_20090122_SaoRoque_monumentWhalers.JPG/255px-PIC_LAJ_20090122_SaoRoque_monumentWhalers.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/PIC_LAJ_20090122_SaoRoque_monumentWhalers.JPG/340px-PIC_LAJ_20090122_SaoRoque_monumentWhalers.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="2048" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Whaling" title="Whaling">Whaling</a> was once one of the main industries of Pico</figcaption></figure> <p>Historically, Pico was largely dependent on <a href="/wiki/Faial_Island" title="Faial Island">Faial</a> for its economic, political and social activities, and it still is to this day, although mitigated by the entrepreneurial dynamics of its population and by the centralities created by the autonomous regime. The close relations with the neighboring island are still established in the maritime routes that cross the <a href="/wiki/Faial-Pico_Channel" title="Faial-Pico Channel">channel</a> daily. Fishing is one of the main activities of the primary sector, namely the capture of tuna for the canning industry, which mainly employs female labor in the processing of fish. Dairy farms supply raw material to the various cheese factories, whose product is highly appreciated for its artisanal characteristics (soft paste).<sup id="cite_ref-EA_6-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EA-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Currently, it is the secondary and tertiary activity sectors that have the greatest dynamism, occupying around 30% and 50% of the active population, respectively, due to the growth in the offer of services and the installation of branches of the regional administration, which generate specialized employment. The employment rate increased in the 1990s, from 35% to 40%, and contrary to the regional average, the unemployment rate remained stable from 1991 to 2001 (3.2%). However, the level of education is low, with most inhabitants having only the 1st cycle of basic education. Note that only 4.3% have higher education, which is lower than the regional average (5.2%). This situation, together with the still significant percentage of working people in the primary sector (20%), indicates an unfavorable panorama in terms of professional qualifications among the active population.<sup id="cite_ref-EA_6-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EA-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Like the other islands, tourism is also an emerging activity in Pico, seen as a strategic pillar for diversifying the economic base. The offer of accommodation has progressed, seeking to respond to the needs of an increasingly demanding destination, with five hotel units (hotels, pensions and others) and four for tourism in rural areas (2002). The support services to visitors and the establishments of restaurants, culture, car rental, tourist entertainment, among others, multiply. As the main whaling center in the Azores, economic agents knew how to transform whale watching into a flourishing business, through the reactivation of an ancestral activity with an undeniable heritage of historical and cultural interest (boats, whaling boats, lookouts, former manufacturing industries, etc.). The capture of sperm whales (<i><a href="/wiki/Physeter_macrocephalus" class="mw-redirect" title="Physeter macrocephalus">Physeter macrocephalus</a></i>) for oil extraction and production of meal for animal feed definitively ceased in the 1980s, due to the replacement of whale-derived products and compliance with international conventions. The first operator of «whale watching» was installed in Lajes do Pico, with around 26 companies linked to nautical activities.<sup id="cite_ref-EA_6-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EA-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pico_Wine_and_vine_culture">Pico Wine and vine culture</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pico_Island&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Pico Wine and vine culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pico_Island_Vineyard_5.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Pico_Island_Vineyard_5.jpg/220px-Pico_Island_Vineyard_5.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Pico_Island_Vineyard_5.jpg/330px-Pico_Island_Vineyard_5.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Pico_Island_Vineyard_5.jpg/440px-Pico_Island_Vineyard_5.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1229" data-file-height="843" /></a><figcaption>The typical lava stone walls protecting the vines</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Pico_IPR" title="Pico IPR">Pico IPR</a></div> <p>The vine culture on Pico Island began in the late 15th century, when the settlement of the island started. The <a href="/wiki/Verdelho" title="Verdelho">Verdelho</a> vines found ideal conditions to grow and mature in the volcanic soil and dark stone walls (<i>currais</i>). Later, it was exported to many countries in Europe and the Americas, and even reached the Russian court tables. Years later, wine production is not as important of an economic activity as it used to be, despite trials to improve the varieties and incentives for the restoration of «<i>currais</i>». The vineyards, which mark the island's landscape and ancestral cultural practices, are a UNESCO <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">World Heritage Site</a> since 2004 (see <a href="/wiki/Landscape_of_the_Pico_Island_Vineyard_Culture" title="Landscape of the Pico Island Vineyard Culture">Landscape of the Pico Island Vineyard Culture</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-EA_6-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EA-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sustainable_tourism">Sustainable tourism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pico_Island&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Sustainable tourism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2012, Pico received the QualityCoast Gold Award for its efforts to become a <a href="/wiki/Sustainable_tourism" title="Sustainable tourism">sustainable tourism</a> destination. Because of this award, Pico was selected for inclusion in the global atlas for sustainable tourism <a href="/wiki/DestiNet" class="mw-redirect" title="DestiNet">DestiNet</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pico_Island&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jose_Vieira_Alvernaz.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Jose_Vieira_Alvernaz.jpg/140px-Jose_Vieira_Alvernaz.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="229" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Jose_Vieira_Alvernaz.jpg/210px-Jose_Vieira_Alvernaz.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Jose_Vieira_Alvernaz.jpg/280px-Jose_Vieira_Alvernaz.jpg 2x" data-file-width="302" data-file-height="495" /></a><figcaption>Jose Vieira Alvernaz</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_da_Costa_Nunes" title="José da Costa Nunes">José da Costa Nunes</a> (1880 in Candelaria do Pico – 1976) a <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_(Catholic_Church)" title="Cardinal (Catholic Church)">Cardinal</a> of the Roman Catholic Church, Bishop of Macau, 1920-1940 and <a href="/wiki/Patriarch_of_the_East_Indies" class="mw-redirect" title="Patriarch of the East Indies">Patriarch of the East Indies</a>, 1940–1953.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Vieira_Alvernaz" title="José Vieira Alvernaz">José Vieira Alvernaz</a> (1898 in Ribeirinha - 1986) a Portuguese prelate, Bishop of <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Cochin" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Cochin">Cochin</a>, Archbishop of <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Goa_and_Daman" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Goa and Daman">Goa and Daman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Patriarch_of_the_East_Indies" class="mw-redirect" title="Patriarch of the East Indies">Patriarch of the East Indies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arquim%C3%ADnio_Rodrigues_da_Costa" title="Arquimínio Rodrigues da Costa">Arquimínio Rodrigues da Costa</a> (1924 in São Mateus – 2016) a prelate of the Catholic Church, Bishop of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Macau" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Macau">Diocese of Macau</a>, 1976–1988.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fernando_Machado_Soares" title="Fernando Machado Soares">Fernando Machado Soares</a> (1930 in São Roque do Pico – 2014) a <a href="/wiki/Fado" title="Fado">fado</a> singer, poet, composer, jurist and retired judge.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_da_Silva_Rosa" title="Manuel da Silva Rosa">Manuel da Silva Rosa</a> (born 1961 in Madalena) a Portuguese American writer about <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Columbus" title="Christopher Columbus">Christopher Columbus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caesar_DePa%C3%A7o" title="Caesar DePaço">Caesar DePaço</a> (born 1965 in Madalena) a controversial businessman and former consul for both Portugal and Cape Verde</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duarte_Freitas" title="Duarte Freitas">Duarte Freitas</a> (born 1966 in São Roque do Pico) a politician and former <a href="/wiki/Member_of_the_European_Parliament" title="Member of the European Parliament">Member of the European Parliament</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pico_Island&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:S%C3%A3o_Roque_do_Pico_-_panoramio_(11).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Black sand beach of Canto da Areia"><img alt="Black sand beach of Canto da Areia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/S%C3%A3o_Roque_do_Pico_-_panoramio_%2811%29.jpg/270px-S%C3%A3o_Roque_do_Pico_-_panoramio_%2811%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/S%C3%A3o_Roque_do_Pico_-_panoramio_%2811%29.jpg/405px-S%C3%A3o_Roque_do_Pico_-_panoramio_%2811%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/S%C3%A3o_Roque_do_Pico_-_panoramio_%2811%29.jpg/540px-S%C3%A3o_Roque_do_Pico_-_panoramio_%2811%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Black sand beach of Canto da Areia</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 181.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 179.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lagoa_dos_Grot%C3%B5es,_concelho_da_Lajes_do_Pico,_ilha_do_Pico,_A%C3%A7ores,_Portugal.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Grotões Pond"><img alt="Grotões Pond" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Lagoa_dos_Grot%C3%B5es%2C_concelho_da_Lajes_do_Pico%2C_ilha_do_Pico%2C_A%C3%A7ores%2C_Portugal.JPG/269px-Lagoa_dos_Grot%C3%B5es%2C_concelho_da_Lajes_do_Pico%2C_ilha_do_Pico%2C_A%C3%A7ores%2C_Portugal.JPG" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Lagoa_dos_Grot%C3%B5es%2C_concelho_da_Lajes_do_Pico%2C_ilha_do_Pico%2C_A%C3%A7ores%2C_Portugal.JPG/404px-Lagoa_dos_Grot%C3%B5es%2C_concelho_da_Lajes_do_Pico%2C_ilha_do_Pico%2C_A%C3%A7ores%2C_Portugal.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Lagoa_dos_Grot%C3%B5es%2C_concelho_da_Lajes_do_Pico%2C_ilha_do_Pico%2C_A%C3%A7ores%2C_Portugal.JPG/538px-Lagoa_dos_Grot%C3%B5es%2C_concelho_da_Lajes_do_Pico%2C_ilha_do_Pico%2C_A%C3%A7ores%2C_Portugal.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Grotões Pond</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 181.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 179.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Museu_do_Vinho_do_Pico,_Dragoeiros_com_idades_estimadas_entre_500_e_1000_anos,_5_Lagido_da_Madalena,_Concelho_da_Madalena,_ilha_do_Pico,_A%C3%A7ores,_Portugal.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Old Dracaena draco near Pico's Wine Museum"><img alt="Old Dracaena draco near Pico's Wine Museum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Museu_do_Vinho_do_Pico%2C_Dragoeiros_com_idades_estimadas_entre_500_e_1000_anos%2C_5_Lagido_da_Madalena%2C_Concelho_da_Madalena%2C_ilha_do_Pico%2C_A%C3%A7ores%2C_Portugal.JPG/269px-Museu_do_Vinho_do_Pico%2C_Dragoeiros_com_idades_estimadas_entre_500_e_1000_anos%2C_5_Lagido_da_Madalena%2C_Concelho_da_Madalena%2C_ilha_do_Pico%2C_A%C3%A7ores%2C_Portugal.JPG" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Museu_do_Vinho_do_Pico%2C_Dragoeiros_com_idades_estimadas_entre_500_e_1000_anos%2C_5_Lagido_da_Madalena%2C_Concelho_da_Madalena%2C_ilha_do_Pico%2C_A%C3%A7ores%2C_Portugal.JPG/404px-Museu_do_Vinho_do_Pico%2C_Dragoeiros_com_idades_estimadas_entre_500_e_1000_anos%2C_5_Lagido_da_Madalena%2C_Concelho_da_Madalena%2C_ilha_do_Pico%2C_A%C3%A7ores%2C_Portugal.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Museu_do_Vinho_do_Pico%2C_Dragoeiros_com_idades_estimadas_entre_500_e_1000_anos%2C_5_Lagido_da_Madalena%2C_Concelho_da_Madalena%2C_ilha_do_Pico%2C_A%C3%A7ores%2C_Portugal.JPG/538px-Museu_do_Vinho_do_Pico%2C_Dragoeiros_com_idades_estimadas_entre_500_e_1000_anos%2C_5_Lagido_da_Madalena%2C_Concelho_da_Madalena%2C_ilha_do_Pico%2C_A%C3%A7ores%2C_Portugal.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Old <i><a href="/wiki/Dracaena_draco" title="Dracaena draco">Dracaena draco</a></i> near Pico's Wine Museum</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 181.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 179.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Paisagem_Protegida_de_Interesse_Regional_da_Cultura_da_Vinha_da_Ilha_do_Pico,_campos_de_vinha,_Madalena_do_Pico,_ilha_do_Pico,_A%C3%A7ores.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Pico IPR"><img alt="Pico IPR" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Paisagem_Protegida_de_Interesse_Regional_da_Cultura_da_Vinha_da_Ilha_do_Pico%2C_campos_de_vinha%2C_Madalena_do_Pico%2C_ilha_do_Pico%2C_A%C3%A7ores.JPG/269px-Paisagem_Protegida_de_Interesse_Regional_da_Cultura_da_Vinha_da_Ilha_do_Pico%2C_campos_de_vinha%2C_Madalena_do_Pico%2C_ilha_do_Pico%2C_A%C3%A7ores.JPG" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Paisagem_Protegida_de_Interesse_Regional_da_Cultura_da_Vinha_da_Ilha_do_Pico%2C_campos_de_vinha%2C_Madalena_do_Pico%2C_ilha_do_Pico%2C_A%C3%A7ores.JPG/404px-Paisagem_Protegida_de_Interesse_Regional_da_Cultura_da_Vinha_da_Ilha_do_Pico%2C_campos_de_vinha%2C_Madalena_do_Pico%2C_ilha_do_Pico%2C_A%C3%A7ores.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Paisagem_Protegida_de_Interesse_Regional_da_Cultura_da_Vinha_da_Ilha_do_Pico%2C_campos_de_vinha%2C_Madalena_do_Pico%2C_ilha_do_Pico%2C_A%C3%A7ores.JPG/538px-Paisagem_Protegida_de_Interesse_Regional_da_Cultura_da_Vinha_da_Ilha_do_Pico%2C_campos_de_vinha%2C_Madalena_do_Pico%2C_ilha_do_Pico%2C_A%C3%A7ores.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Pico_IPR" title="Pico IPR">Pico IPR</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pico_Island&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_volcanoes_in_Azores" class="mw-redirect" title="List of volcanoes in Azores">List of volcanoes in Azores</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pico_IPR" title="Pico IPR">Pico IPR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queijo_do_Pico" title="Queijo do Pico">Queijo do Pico</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pico_Island&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notes">Notes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pico_Island&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-siaram-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-siaram_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-siaram_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-siaram_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output 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.cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://siaram.azores.gov.pt/geografia/pico/intro.html">"Geografia Pico"</a>. <i>iaram.azores.gov.pt</i>. Azores Government<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-04-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sustainable+Tourism+Destination+EUCC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.qualitycoast.info%2Fbrochure%2Fqc2012.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APico+Island" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pico_Island&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScarthTanguy,_Jean-Claude2001" class="citation cs2">Scarth, Alwyn; Tanguy, Jean-Claude (2001), <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/volcanoesofeurop00alwy/page/243"><i>Volcanoes of Europe</i></a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/volcanoesofeurop00alwy/page/243">243</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-521754-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-521754-3"><bdi>0-19-521754-3</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Volcanoes+of+Europe&rft.pages=243&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=0-19-521754-3&rft.aulast=Scarth&rft.aufirst=Alwyn&rft.au=Tanguy%2C+Jean-Claude&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fvolcanoesofeurop00alwy%2Fpage%2F243&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APico+Island" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNunes1999" class="citation cs2">Nunes, J.C. 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Tese de Doutoramento no ramo de Geologia, especialidade em Geodinâmica Interna</i>, Lisbon: Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, p. 428</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Estudos+de+neotect%C3%B3nica+nas+ilhas+do+Faial%2C+Pico+e+S.+Jorge%3A+uma+contribui%C3%A7%C3%A3o+para+o+conhecimento+geodin%C3%A2mico+da+jun%C3%A7%C3%A3o+tripla+dos+A%C3%A7ores.+Tese+de+Doutoramento+no+ramo+de+Geologia%2C+especialidade+em+Geodin%C3%A2mica+Interna&rft.place=Lisbon&rft.pages=428&rft.pub=Faculty+of+Sciences%2C+University+of+Lisbon&rft.date=1998&rft.aulast=Madeira&rft.aufirst=Jos%C3%A9+Eduardo+de+Oliveira&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APico+Island" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMadeiraAntónio_Brum_da_Silveira2003" class="citation cs2">Madeira, José Eduardo de Oliveira; António Brum da Silveira (October 2003), <i>Active tectonics and first paleoseismological results in Faial, Pico and S. Jorge islands (Azores, Portugal)</i>, 5, vol. 46, Lisbon: Annals of Geophysics, pp. 733–761</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Active+tectonics+and+first+paleoseismological+results+in+Faial%2C+Pico+and+S.+Jorge+islands+%28Azores%2C+Portugal%29&rft.place=Lisbon&rft.series=5&rft.pages=733-761&rft.pub=Annals+of+Geophysics&rft.date=2003-10&rft.aulast=Madeira&rft.aufirst=Jos%C3%A9+Eduardo+de+Oliveira&rft.au=Ant%C3%B3nio+Brum+da+Silveira&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APico+Island" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSenosGasparFerreiraCruz1998" class="citation cs2">Senos, M.L.; Gaspar, João Luís; Ferreira, Teresa; Cruz, L.; Nunes, J.C.; Pacheco, J. (1998), <i>O terramoto do Faial de 9 de Julho de 1998</i>, Proceedings do 1º Simpósio de Meterologia e Geofísica da AMPG, pp. 61–68</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=O+terramoto+do+Faial+de+9+de+Julho+de+1998&rft.pages=61-68&rft.pub=Proceedings+do+1%C2%BA+Simp%C3%B3sio+de+Meterologia+e+Geof%C3%ADsica+da+AMPG&rft.date=1998&rft.aulast=Senos&rft.aufirst=M.L.&rft.au=Gaspar%2C+Jo%C3%A3o+Lu%C3%ADs&rft.au=Ferreira%2C+Teresa&rft.au=Cruz%2C+L.&rft.au=Nunes%2C+J.C.&rft.au=Pacheco%2C+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APico+Island" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pico_Island&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style 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screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has the text of the <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">1911 <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i></a> article "<span style="font-weight:bold;"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Pico" class="extiw" title="wikisource:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Pico">Pico</a></span>".</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/80px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikivoyage has a travel guide for <i><b><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Pico#Q210811" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Pico">Pico</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flickr.com/groups/pico">Pico - A Ilha Montanha Atlantica, a Flickr Group with images of the island</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://theazoresislands.blogspot.com/search/label/Pico%20Island">The Azores Islands Blogspot, with information on the Azores and Pico Island</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.peakfever.com/hike-info-09.php">A Pico hike and trip report</a> (September 2007)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.visitpico.com">Visit Pico</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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.navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Azores_Islands" title="Template:Azores Islands"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Azores_Islands" title="Template talk:Azores Islands"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Azores_Islands" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Azores Islands"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Portugal&#124;link=Portugal23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Azores&#124;link=Azores_Autonomous_Region_of_the_Azores" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal"><img alt="Portugal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Azores" title="Azores"><img alt="Azores" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Flag_of_the_Azores.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Azores.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Flag_of_the_Azores.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Azores.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Flag_of_the_Azores.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Azores.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="844" data-file-height="562" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Azores" title="Azores">Autonomous Region of the Azores</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Grupo Oriental (<i><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Group,_Azores" title="Eastern Group, Azores">Eastern Group</a></i>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_Island" title="Santa Maria Island">Santa Maria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Miguel_Island" title="São Miguel Island">São Miguel</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Azores.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of the Azores"><img alt="Flag of the Azores" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Flag_of_the_Azores.svg/75px-Flag_of_the_Azores.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Flag_of_the_Azores.svg/113px-Flag_of_the_Azores.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Flag_of_the_Azores.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Azores.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="844" data-file-height="562" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Grupo Central (<i><a href="/wiki/Central_Group,_Azores" title="Central Group, Azores">Central Group</a></i>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Faial_Island" title="Faial Island">Faial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graciosa" title="Graciosa">Graciosa</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Pico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Jorge_Island" title="São Jorge Island">São Jorge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terceira_Island" title="Terceira Island">Terceira</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Grupo Ocidental (<i><a href="/wiki/Western_Group" title="Western Group">Western Group</a></i>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corvo_Island" title="Corvo Island">Corvo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flores_Island_(Azores)" title="Flores Island (Azores)">Flores</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Islets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baixo_Islet" title="Baixo Islet">Baixo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabras_Islets" title="Cabras Islets">Cabras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Formigas" title="Formigas">Formigas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fradinhos" title="Fradinhos">Fradinhos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madalena_Islets" title="Madalena Islets">Madalena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monchique_Islet" title="Monchique Islet">Monchique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosteiros_Islets" title="Mosteiros Islets">Mosteiros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Praia_Islet" title="Praia Islet">Praia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosais_Islets" title="Rosais Islets">Rosais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabrina_Island_(Azores)" title="Sabrina Island (Azores)">Sabrina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Topo_Islet" title="Topo Islet">Topo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vila_Franca_Islet" title="Vila Franca Islet">Vila Franca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islets_in_the_Azores" title="List of islets in the Azores">List of Islets in the Azores</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Caves and geological features</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algar_do_Carv%C3%A3o" title="Algar do Carvão">Algar do Carvão</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gruta_das_Torres" title="Gruta das Torres">Gruta das Torres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gruta_do_Carv%C3%A3o" title="Gruta do Carvão">Gruta do Carvão</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Reefs, banks and <a href="/wiki/Seamount" title="Seamount">seamounts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dollabarat" title="Dollabarat">Dollabarat Reef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dom_Jo%C3%A3o_de_Castro_Bank" title="Dom João de Castro Bank">D. João de Castro Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princess_Alice_Bank" title="Princess Alice Bank">Princess Alice Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydrothermal_vents_and_seamounts_of_the_Azores" title="Hydrothermal vents and seamounts of the Azores">Hydrothermal vents and seamounts of the Azores</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="World_Heritage_Sites_in_Portugal" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:World_Heritage_Sites_in_Portugal" title="Template:World Heritage Sites in Portugal"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:World_Heritage_Sites_in_Portugal" title="Template talk:World Heritage Sites in Portugal"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:World_Heritage_Sites_in_Portugal" title="Special:EditPage/Template:World Heritage Sites in Portugal"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="World_Heritage_Sites_in_Portugal" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">World Heritage Sites</a> in <a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Portugal" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Portugal">Portugal</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/North_Region,_Portugal" title="North Region, Portugal">Norte</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Douro_DOC" title="Douro DOC">Alto Douro Wine Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historic_Centre_of_Guimar%C3%A3es" title="Historic Centre of Guimarães">Historic Centre of Guimarães</a></li> <li>Historic Centre of <a href="/wiki/Porto" title="Porto">Porto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dom_Lu%C3%ADs_I_Bridge" title="Dom Luís I Bridge">Luiz I Bridge</a> and <a href="/wiki/Monastery_of_Serra_do_Pilar" title="Monastery of Serra do Pilar">Monastery of Serra do Pilar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_Rock_Art_Sites_in_the_C%C3%B4a_Valley_and_Siega_Verde" title="Prehistoric Rock Art Sites in the Côa Valley and Siega Verde">Côa Valley</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bom_Jesus_do_Monte" class="mw-redirect" title="Bom Jesus do Monte">Sanctuary of Bom Jesus do Monte</a> in Braga</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Portugal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Portugal"><img alt="Flag of Portugal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/50px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/75px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/100px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a><figcaption>Flag of Portugal</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Central_Region,_Portugal" title="Central Region, Portugal">Centro</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alcoba%C3%A7a_Monastery" title="Alcobaça Monastery">Alcobaça Monastery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batalha_Monastery" title="Batalha Monastery">Batalha Monastery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convent_of_Christ_(Tomar)" title="Convent of Christ (Tomar)">Convent of Christ in Tomar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Coimbra" title="University of Coimbra">University of Coimbra</a> – Alta and Sofia</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lisbon_Region" title="Lisbon Region">Lisbon</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Cultural Landscape of <a href="/wiki/Sintra" title="Sintra">Sintra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Mafra" title="Palace of Mafra">Royal Building of Mafra – Palace, Basilica, Convent</a>, Cerco Garden and Hunting Park (<a href="/wiki/Tapada_Nacional_de_Mafra" title="Tapada Nacional de Mafra">Tapada</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jer%C3%B3nimos_Monastery" title="Jerónimos Monastery">Monastery of the Hieronymites</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bel%C3%A9m_Tower" title="Belém Tower">Belém Tower</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Alentejo" title="Alentejo">Alentejo</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Historic Centre of <a href="/wiki/%C3%89vora" title="Évora">Évora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garrison_Border_Town_of_Elvas_and_its_Fortifications" class="mw-redirect" title="Garrison Border Town of Elvas and its Fortifications">Garrison Border Town of Elvas and its Fortifications</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Azores" title="Azores">Azores</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Historic Centre of <a href="/wiki/Angra_do_Hero%C3%ADsmo" title="Angra do Heroísmo">Angra do Heroísmo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landscape_of_the_Pico_Island_Vineyard_Culture" title="Landscape of the Pico Island Vineyard Culture">Landscape of the Pico Island Vineyard Culture</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira">Madeira</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Laurisilva_of_Madeira" title="Laurisilva of Madeira">Laurisilva</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><sup>1</sup> Shared with other <a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Portugal" title="Administrative divisions of Portugal">region/s</a> and <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Outlying_territories_of_European_countries" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Outlying_territories_of_European_countries" title="Template:Outlying territories of European countries"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Outlying_territories_of_European_countries" title="Template talk:Outlying territories of European countries"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Outlying_territories_of_European_countries" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Outlying territories of European countries"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Outlying_territories_of_European_countries" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Outlying territories of European countries</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Territories under European <a href="/wiki/Sovereignty" title="Sovereignty">sovereignty</a> but closer to or on continents other than Europe (see <a href="/wiki/Template:Outlying_territories_of_European_countries#Inclusion_criteria" title="Template:Outlying territories of European countries">inclusion criteria</a> for further information).</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Denmark</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greenland" title="Greenland">Greenland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faroe_Islands" title="Faroe Islands">Faroe Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">France</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clipperton_Island" title="Clipperton Island">Clipperton Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Guiana" title="French Guiana">French Guiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Polynesia" title="French Polynesia">French Polynesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Southern_and_Antarctic_Lands" title="French Southern and Antarctic Lands">French Southern and Antarctic Lands</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ad%C3%A9lie_Land" title="Adélie Land">Adélie Land</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crozet_Islands" title="Crozet Islands">Crozet Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerguelen_Islands" title="Kerguelen Islands">Kerguelen Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Paul_and_Amsterdam_Islands" title="Saint Paul and Amsterdam Islands">Saint Paul and Amsterdam Islands</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%8Ele_Amsterdam" title="Île Amsterdam"> Amsterdam Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%8Ele_Saint-Paul" title="Île Saint-Paul"> Saint Paul Island</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scattered_Islands_in_the_Indian_Ocean" title="Scattered Islands in the Indian Ocean">Scattered Islands in the Indian Ocean</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bassas_da_India" title="Bassas da India">Bassas da India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Europa_Island" title="Europa Island">Europa Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glorioso_Islands" title="Glorioso Islands">Glorioso Islands</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banc_du_Geyser" title="Banc du Geyser"> Geyser Shoal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_de_Nova_Island" title="Juan de Nova Island">Juan de Nova Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tromelin_Island" title="Tromelin Island">Tromelin Island</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guadeloupe" title="Guadeloupe">Guadeloupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martinique" title="Martinique">Martinique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayotte" title="Mayotte">Mayotte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Caledonia" title="New Caledonia">New Caledonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9union" title="Réunion">Réunion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy" title="Saint Barthélemy">Saint Barthélemy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collectivity_of_Saint_Martin" title="Collectivity of Saint Martin">Saint Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Pierre_and_Miquelon" title="Saint Pierre and Miquelon">Saint Pierre and Miquelon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallis_and_Futuna" title="Wallis and Futuna">Wallis and Futuna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Netherlands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aruba" title="Aruba">Aruba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Netherlands" title="Caribbean Netherlands">Caribbean Netherlands</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bonaire" title="Bonaire">Bonaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saba_(island)" title="Saba (island)">Saba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sint_Eustatius" title="Sint Eustatius">Sint Eustatius</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cura%C3%A7ao" title="Curaçao">Curaçao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sint_Maarten" title="Sint Maarten">Sint Maarten</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Norway</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bouvet_Island" title="Bouvet Island">Bouvet Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_I_Island" title="Peter I Island">Peter I Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Maud_Land" title="Queen Maud Land">Queen Maud Land</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Portugal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Azores" title="Azores">Azores</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira">Madeira</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Spain</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canary_Islands" title="Canary Islands">Canary Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceuta" title="Ceuta">Ceuta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melilla" title="Melilla">Melilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plazas_de_Soberan%C3%ADa" class="mw-redirect" title="Plazas de Soberanía">Plazas de Soberanía</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alboran_Island" title="Alboran Island">Alboran Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alhucemas_Islands" title="Alhucemas Islands">Alhucemas Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chafarinas_Islands" title="Chafarinas Islands">Chafarinas Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Velez_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Velez Islands">Velez Islands</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">United Kingdom</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anguilla" title="Anguilla">Anguilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bermuda" title="Bermuda">Bermuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Antarctic_Territory" title="British Antarctic Territory">British Antarctic Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Indian_Ocean_Territory" title="British Indian Ocean Territory">British Indian Ocean Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Virgin_Islands" title="British Virgin Islands">British Virgin Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cayman_Islands" title="Cayman Islands">Cayman Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falkland_Islands" title="Falkland Islands">Falkland Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montserrat" title="Montserrat">Montserrat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitcairn_Islands" title="Pitcairn Islands">Pitcairn Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Helena,_Ascension_and_Tristan_da_Cunha" title="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha">Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ascension_Island" title="Ascension Island">Ascension Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Helena" title="Saint Helena">Saint Helena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tristan_da_Cunha" title="Tristan da Cunha">Tristan da Cunha</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands" title="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands">South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_and_Caicos_Islands" title="Turks and Caicos Islands">Turks and Caicos Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210811#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210811#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210811#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/249382329">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1271748/">FAST</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4443762-6">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007534617705171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pico_Island&oldid=1257772668">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pico_Island&oldid=1257772668</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a 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