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<li id="toc-Early_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Early history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Spanish_colonial_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spanish_colonial_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Spanish colonial era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spanish_colonial_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Japanese_occupation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Japanese_occupation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Japanese occupation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Japanese_occupation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Philippine_independence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Philippine_independence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Philippine independence</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Philippine_independence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-During_the_Marcos_dictatorship" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#During_the_Marcos_dictatorship"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>During the Marcos dictatorship</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-During_the_Marcos_dictatorship-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Contemporary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Contemporary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Contemporary</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Contemporary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Administrative_divisions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Administrative_divisions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Administrative divisions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Administrative_divisions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Barangays" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Barangays"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Barangays</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Barangays-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Demographics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Religion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Languages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Languages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Languages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Languages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Economy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Economy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Products_and_industries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Products_and_industries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Products and industries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Products_and_industries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bangui_Wind_Farm" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bangui_Wind_Farm"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Bangui Wind Farm</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bangui_Wind_Farm-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture_and_the_arts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture_and_the_arts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Culture and the arts</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture_and_the_arts-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Culture and the arts subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Culture_and_the_arts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Prominent_artists" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prominent_artists"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Prominent artists</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prominent_artists-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Damili" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Damili"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Damili</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Damili-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Inabel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Inabel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Inabel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Inabel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cuisine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cuisine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Cuisine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cuisine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Government</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Government-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tourism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tourism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Tourism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tourism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ilocos Norte</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 44 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-44" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">44 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propinsi_Ilocos_Norte" title="Propinsi Ilocos Norte – Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Propinsi Ilocos Norte" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%88%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B3_%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AA" title="إيلوكوس نورت – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إيلوكوس نورت" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%A6%DB%8C_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%88%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B3" title="قوزئی ایلوکوس – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="قوزئی ایلوکوس" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilocos_Norte" title="Ilocos Norte – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Ilocos Norte" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilocos_Norte" title="Ilocos Norte – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Ilocos Norte" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilocos_Norte" title="Ilocos Norte – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Ilocos Norte" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilocos_Norte" title="Ilocos Norte – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Ilocos Norte" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilocos_Norte" title="Ilocos Norte – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ilocos Norte" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilocos_Norte" title="Ilocos Norte – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ilocos Norte" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norda_Iloko" title="Norda Iloko – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Norda Iloko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%88%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B3_%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C" title="ایلوکوس شمالی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ایلوکوس شمالی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilocos_Norte" title="Ilocos Norte – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ilocos Norte" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B6%81%EC%9D%BC%EB%A1%9C%EC%BD%94%EC%8A%A4%EC%A3%BC" title="북일로코스주 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="북일로코스주" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%87" title="इलोकोस नोर्ते – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="इलोकोस नोर्ते" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilocos_Norte" title="Ilocos Norte – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Ilocos Norte" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilocos_Utara" title="Ilocos Utara – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ilocos Utara" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provincia_di_Ilocos_Norte" title="Provincia di Ilocos Norte – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Provincia di Ilocos Norte" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilocos_Norte" title="Ilocos Norte – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Ilocos Norte" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A9%E1%83%A0%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98_%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="ჩრდილოეთი ილოკოსი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჩრდილოეთი ილოკოსი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilocana_Borealis" title="Ilocana Borealis – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ilocana Borealis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zieme%C4%BCilokosa" title="Ziemeļilokosa – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ziemeļilokosa" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%98%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81" title="Северен Илокос – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Северен Илокос" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilocos_Utara" title="Ilocos Utara – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Ilocos Utara" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilocos_Norte" title="Ilocos Norte – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ilocos Norte" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B3%E3%82%B9%E5%B7%9E" title="北イロコス州 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="北イロコス州" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilocos_Norte" title="Ilocos Norte – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ilocos Norte" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pag mw-list-item"><a href="https://pag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilocos_Norte" title="Ilocos Norte – Pangasinan" lang="pag" hreflang="pag" data-title="Ilocos Norte" data-language-autonym="Pangasinan" data-language-local-name="Pangasinan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangasinan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilocos_Norte" title="Ilocos Norte – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ilocos Norte" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilocos_Norte" title="Ilocos Norte – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ilocos Norte" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilocos_Norte" title="Ilocos Norte – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ilocos Norte" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%98%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81" title="Северный Илокос – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Северный Илокос" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilocos_Norte" title="Ilocos Norte – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Ilocos Norte" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilocos_Norte" title="Ilocos Norte – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ilocos Norte" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norra_Ilocos" title="Norra Ilocos – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Norra Ilocos" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilocos_Norte" title="Ilocos Norte – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Ilocos Norte" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%87" title="இலோகொஸ் நோர்டே – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இலோகொஸ் நோர்டே" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%95" title="จังหวัดอีโลโคสนอร์เต – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="จังหวัดอีโลโคสนอร์เต" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilocos_Norte" title="Ilocos Norte – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ilocos Norte" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%86%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81" title="Північний Ілокос – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Північний Ілокос" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%88%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B3_%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C" title="ایلوکوس شمالی – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ایلوکوس شمالی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilocos_Norte" title="Ilocos Norte – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ilocos Norte" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilocos_Norte" title="Ilocos Norte – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Ilocos Norte" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%8A%E7%BE%85%E6%88%88%E7%9C%81" title="北伊羅戈省 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="北伊羅戈省" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link 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0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Ilocos_Norte" title="Special:EditPage/Ilocos Norte">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Ilocos+Norte%22">"Ilocos Norte"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Ilocos+Norte%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Ilocos+Norte%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Ilocos+Norte%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Ilocos+Norte%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Ilocos+Norte%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2013</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Province in Ilocos Region, Philippines</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Ilocos Norte</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_the_Philippines" title="Provinces of the Philippines">Province</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="multiimageinner" style="width:252px;max-width:252px;border:none"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:250px;max-width:250px"><div style="border:1;;height:186px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bangui_Bangui_Wind_Farm_east_(Bangui,_Ilocos_Norte;_11-17-2022).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Bangui_Bangui_Wind_Farm_east_%28Bangui%2C_Ilocos_Norte%3B_11-17-2022%29.jpg/248px-Bangui_Bangui_Wind_Farm_east_%28Bangui%2C_Ilocos_Norte%3B_11-17-2022%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="248" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Bangui_Bangui_Wind_Farm_east_%28Bangui%2C_Ilocos_Norte%3B_11-17-2022%29.jpg/372px-Bangui_Bangui_Wind_Farm_east_%28Bangui%2C_Ilocos_Norte%3B_11-17-2022%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Bangui_Bangui_Wind_Farm_east_%28Bangui%2C_Ilocos_Norte%3B_11-17-2022%29.jpg/496px-Bangui_Bangui_Wind_Farm_east_%28Bangui%2C_Ilocos_Norte%3B_11-17-2022%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3552" data-file-height="2664" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:83px;max-width:83px"><div style="border:1;;height:121px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cape_Bojeador_Lighthouse_03,_Burgos,_Ilocos_Norte.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Cape_Bojeador_Lighthouse_03%2C_Burgos%2C_Ilocos_Norte.jpg/81px-Cape_Bojeador_Lighthouse_03%2C_Burgos%2C_Ilocos_Norte.jpg" decoding="async" width="81" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Cape_Bojeador_Lighthouse_03%2C_Burgos%2C_Ilocos_Norte.jpg/122px-Cape_Bojeador_Lighthouse_03%2C_Burgos%2C_Ilocos_Norte.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Cape_Bojeador_Lighthouse_03%2C_Burgos%2C_Ilocos_Norte.jpg/162px-Cape_Bojeador_Lighthouse_03%2C_Burgos%2C_Ilocos_Norte.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2865" data-file-height="4297" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:165px;max-width:165px"><div style="border:1;;height:121px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kapurpurawan_Rock_Formation_Medium_shot_2021.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Kapurpurawan_Rock_Formation_Medium_shot_2021.jpg/163px-Kapurpurawan_Rock_Formation_Medium_shot_2021.jpg" decoding="async" width="163" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Kapurpurawan_Rock_Formation_Medium_shot_2021.jpg/245px-Kapurpurawan_Rock_Formation_Medium_shot_2021.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Kapurpurawan_Rock_Formation_Medium_shot_2021.jpg/326px-Kapurpurawan_Rock_Formation_Medium_shot_2021.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:171px;max-width:171px"><div style="border:1;;height:112px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Patapat_Viaduct_in_Pagudpud,_Ilocos_Norte,_Philippines.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Patapat_Viaduct_in_Pagudpud%2C_Ilocos_Norte%2C_Philippines.jpg/169px-Patapat_Viaduct_in_Pagudpud%2C_Ilocos_Norte%2C_Philippines.jpg" decoding="async" width="169" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Patapat_Viaduct_in_Pagudpud%2C_Ilocos_Norte%2C_Philippines.jpg/254px-Patapat_Viaduct_in_Pagudpud%2C_Ilocos_Norte%2C_Philippines.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Patapat_Viaduct_in_Pagudpud%2C_Ilocos_Norte%2C_Philippines.jpg/338px-Patapat_Viaduct_in_Pagudpud%2C_Ilocos_Norte%2C_Philippines.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3001" data-file-height="2001" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:77px;max-width:77px"><div style="border:1;;height:112px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bacarra_Bell_Tower.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Bacarra_Bell_Tower.jpg/75px-Bacarra_Bell_Tower.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Bacarra_Bell_Tower.jpg/113px-Bacarra_Bell_Tower.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Bacarra_Bell_Tower.jpg/150px-Bacarra_Bell_Tower.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2848" data-file-height="4272" /></a></span></div></div></div></div></div> <b>Clockwise from the top</b>: <a href="/wiki/Bangui_Windfarm" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangui Windfarm">Bangui Windfarm</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kapurpurawan_Rock_Formation" title="Kapurpurawan Rock Formation">Kapurpurawan Rock Formation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bacarra_Church" title="Bacarra Church">Bacarra Church Belltower</a>, <a href="/wiki/Patapat_Viaduct" title="Patapat Viaduct">Patapat Viaduct</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cape_Bojeador_Lighthouse" title="Cape Bojeador Lighthouse">Cape Bojeador Lighthouse</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ph_Flag_of_Ilocos_Norte.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Ilocos Norte"><img alt="Flag of Ilocos Norte" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Ph_Flag_of_Ilocos_Norte.png/120px-Ph_Flag_of_Ilocos_Norte.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Ph_Flag_of_Ilocos_Norte.png/180px-Ph_Flag_of_Ilocos_Norte.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Ph_Flag_of_Ilocos_Norte.png/240px-Ph_Flag_of_Ilocos_Norte.png 2x" data-file-width="432" data-file-height="217" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Flag</div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_Ilocos_Norte.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Official seal of Ilocos Norte"><img alt="Official seal of Ilocos Norte" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Seal_of_Ilocos_Norte.png/80px-Seal_of_Ilocos_Norte.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Seal_of_Ilocos_Norte.png/120px-Seal_of_Ilocos_Norte.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Seal_of_Ilocos_Norte.png/160px-Seal_of_Ilocos_Norte.png 2x" data-file-width="2033" data-file-height="2033" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Seal</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ilocos_Norte_in_Philippines.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Location in the Philippines"><img alt="Location in the Philippines" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Ilocos_Norte_in_Philippines.svg/250px-Ilocos_Norte_in_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Ilocos_Norte_in_Philippines.svg/375px-Ilocos_Norte_in_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Ilocos_Norte_in_Philippines.svg/500px-Ilocos_Norte_in_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1869" data-file-height="2465" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Location in the Philippines</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="text-align:center;">OpenStreetMap</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style=""><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 250px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="250" data-height="200" data-zoom="8" data-overlays="["_c05e39560f5388f4a3fdbbd1798116f32939ff2a"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,8,a,a,250x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Ilocos_Norte&revid=1258396810&groups=_c05e39560f5388f4a3fdbbd1798116f32939ff2a" width="250" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,8,a,a,250x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Ilocos_Norte&revid=1258396810&groups=_c05e39560f5388f4a3fdbbd1798116f32939ff2a 2x" alt="Map" /></a></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Ilocos_Norte&params=18.17_N_120.75_E_region:PH_type:adm1st"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">18°10′N</span> <span class="longitude">120°45′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">18.17°N 120.75°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">18.17; 120.75</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">Philippines</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_the_Philippines" title="Regions of the Philippines">Region</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ilocos_Region" title="Ilocos Region">Ilocos Region</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Date_of_establishment" class="mw-redirect" title="Date of establishment">Founded</a></th><td class="infobox-data">February 2, 1818</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Capital<br /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">and largest city</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Laoag" title="Laoag">Laoag</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Governor" title="Governor">Governor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Manotoc" title="Matthew Manotoc">Matthew Manotoc</a> (<a href="/wiki/Nacionalista_Party" title="Nacionalista Party">NP</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Vice_Governor" class="mw-redirect" title="Vice Governor">Vice Governor</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Cecilia Araneta (<a href="/wiki/Nacionalista_Party" title="Nacionalista Party">NP</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Sangguniang_Panlalawigan" title="Sangguniang Panlalawigan">Legislature</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ilocos_Norte_Provincial_Board" title="Ilocos Norte Provincial Board">Ilocos Norte Provincial Board</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-nscblist_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nscblist-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">3,467.89 km<sup>2</sup> (1,338.96 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data">38th out of 81</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Highest elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"> (<a href="/wiki/Mount_Sicapoo" title="Mount Sicapoo">Mount Sicapoo</a>)</div></th><td class="infobox-data">2,361 m (7,746 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2020 census)<sup id="cite_ref-PSA20–01_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PSA20–01-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">609,588</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data">53rd out of 81</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">180/km<sup>2</sup> (460/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">  • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data">52nd out of 81</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Divisions<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Cities_of_the_Philippines#Independent_cities" title="Cities of the Philippines">Independent cities</a></th><td class="infobox-data">0</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Cities_of_the_Philippines" title="Cities of the Philippines">Component cities</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold; font-weight:normal;text-align:left;background-color:WhiteSmoke;"><div>2</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Batac" title="Batac">Batac</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Laoag" title="Laoag">Laoag</a> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_Philippines" title="Municipalities of the Philippines">Municipalities</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold; font-weight:normal;text-align:left;background-color:WhiteSmoke;"><div>21</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Adams,_Ilocos_Norte" title="Adams, Ilocos Norte">Adams</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Bacarra" title="Bacarra">Bacarra</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Badoc" title="Badoc">Badoc</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Bangui,_Ilocos_Norte" title="Bangui, Ilocos Norte">Bangui</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Banna,_Ilocos_Norte" title="Banna, Ilocos Norte">Banna</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Burgos,_Ilocos_Norte" title="Burgos, Ilocos Norte">Burgos</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Carasi" title="Carasi">Carasi</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Currimao" title="Currimao">Currimao</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Dingras" title="Dingras">Dingras</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Dumalneg" title="Dumalneg">Dumalneg</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Marcos,_Ilocos_Norte" title="Marcos, Ilocos Norte">Marcos</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Nueva_Era,_Ilocos_Norte" title="Nueva Era, Ilocos Norte">Nueva Era</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Pagudpud" title="Pagudpud">Pagudpud</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Paoay" title="Paoay">Paoay</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Pasuquin" title="Pasuquin">Pasuquin</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Piddig" title="Piddig">Piddig</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Pinili" title="Pinili">Pinili</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/San_Nicolas,_Ilocos_Norte" title="San Nicolas, Ilocos Norte">San Nicolas</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Sarrat" title="Sarrat">Sarrat</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Solsona,_Ilocos_Norte" title="Solsona, Ilocos Norte">Solsona</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Vintar" title="Vintar">Vintar</a> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Barangay" title="Barangay">Barangays</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_barangays_in_Ilocos_Norte" title="List of barangays in Ilocos Norte">559</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines" title="House of Representatives of the Philippines">Districts</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Ilocos_Norte" title="Legislative districts of Ilocos Norte">Legislative districts of Ilocos Norte</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B8" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+8">UTC+8</a> (<a href="/wiki/Time_in_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="Time in the Philippines">PHT</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_ZIP_codes_in_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="List of ZIP codes in the Philippines">ZIP code</a></th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">2900–2922</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/International_direct_dialing" title="International direct dialing">IDD</a><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> </span>:<span style="white-space: nowrap;"> <a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_the_Philippines" title="Telephone numbers in the Philippines">area code</a> </span></span></th><td class="infobox-data">+63 (0)77</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">ISO 3166 code</a></th><td class="infobox-data nickname">PH-ILN</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spoken languages</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ilocano_language" title="Ilocano language">Ilocano</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Filipino_language" title="Filipino language">Filipino</a></li><li>English</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Human_Development_Index" title="Human Development Index">HDI</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.78 (<span style="color:Green;">High</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-2019_Philippine_Provincial_HDI_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2019_Philippine_Provincial_HDI-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">HDI rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Philippine_provinces_by_Human_Development_Index" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Philippine provinces by Human Development Index">6th</a> (2019)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ilocosnorte.gov.ph/">www<wbr />.ilocosnorte<wbr />.gov<wbr />.ph</a></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13813#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Ilocos Norte</b>, officially the <b>Province of Ilocos Norte</b> (<a href="/wiki/Ilocano_language" title="Ilocano language">Ilocano</a>: <i lang="ilo">Probinsia ti Ilocos Norte</i>; <a href="/wiki/Tagalog_language" title="Tagalog language">Tagalog</a>: <i lang="tl">Lalawigan ng Ilocos Norte</i>), is a <a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_the_Philippines" title="Provinces of the Philippines">province</a> of the Philippines located in the <a href="/wiki/Ilocos_Region" title="Ilocos Region">Ilocos Region</a>. It is located in the northwest corner of <a href="/wiki/Luzon" title="Luzon">Luzon Island</a>, bordering <a href="/wiki/Cagayan" title="Cagayan">Cagayan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Apayao" title="Apayao">Apayao</a> to the east, and <a href="/wiki/Abra_(province)" title="Abra (province)">Abra</a> to the southeast, and <a href="/wiki/Ilocos_Sur" title="Ilocos Sur">Ilocos Sur</a> to the southwest. Ilocos Norte faces the <a href="/wiki/South_China_Sea" title="South China Sea">South China Sea</a> to the west and the <a href="/wiki/Luzon_Strait" title="Luzon Strait">Luzon Strait</a> to the north. Its capital is <a href="/wiki/Laoag_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Laoag City">Laoag City</a>, which is the most populous in the province. </p><p>Ilocos Norte is noted for its distinctive geography and culture.<sup id="cite_ref-DoreenFernandezTIKIM_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DoreenFernandezTIKIM-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This includes numerous examples of well-preserved Spanish colonial era architecture, particularly <a href="/wiki/Laoag_Cathedral" title="Laoag Cathedral">Saint William's Cathedral in Laoag</a> with its sinking bell tower done in the <a href="/wiki/Earthquake_Baroque" title="Earthquake Baroque">Earthquake Baroque</a> style,<sup id="cite_ref-AnriIchimuraESQ_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AnriIchimuraESQ-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <a href="/wiki/Paoay_Church" title="Paoay Church">St. Augustine Church in Paoay</a> which is one of UNESCO's <a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_the_Philippines" title="List of World Heritage Sites in the Philippines">World Heritage Sites in the Philippines</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-PaoayChurchPRIMERMag_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PaoayChurchPRIMERMag-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/wiki/Cape_Bojeador_Lighthouse" title="Cape Bojeador Lighthouse">Cape Bojeador Lighthouse</a>. Famous geographical features include the <a href="/wiki/La_Paz_Sand_Dunes" title="La Paz Sand Dunes">La Paz Sand Dunes</a>, the beaches of <a href="/wiki/Pagudpud" title="Pagudpud">Pagudpud</a>, and the eroded <a href="/wiki/Calcarenite" title="Calcarenite">calcarenite</a> <a href="/wiki/Geology_of_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="Geology of the Philippines">Kapurpurawan rock formation</a> in <a href="/wiki/Burgos,_Ilocos_Norte" title="Burgos, Ilocos Norte">Burgos</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CallejoGretchenEtAl2015_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CallejoGretchenEtAl2015-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It is the birthplace of several notable Philippine leaders including former President <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcos" title="Ferdinand Marcos">Ferdinand E. Marcos</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Benedicto2021_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Benedicto2021-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Philippine Revolutionary War general <a href="/wiki/Artemio_Ricarte" title="Artemio Ricarte">Artemio Ricarte</a> and <a href="/wiki/Iglesia_Filipina_Independiente" class="mw-redirect" title="Iglesia Filipina Independiente">Iglesia Filipina Independiente</a> co-founder <a href="/wiki/Gregorio_Aglipay" title="Gregorio Aglipay">Gregorio Aglipay</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-MuseoIlocosNorteBATAC_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MuseoIlocosNorteBATAC-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Three <a href="/wiki/Wind_power_in_the_Philippines" title="Wind power in the Philippines">wind farms</a> are located in Ilocos Norte. They are located in <a href="/wiki/Burgos,_Ilocos_Norte" title="Burgos, Ilocos Norte">Burgos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pagudpud" title="Pagudpud">Pagudpud</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bangui,_Ilocos_Norte" title="Bangui, Ilocos Norte">Bangui</a> with the latter being the first wind power generation plant in the Philippines.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886046785">.mw-parser-output .toclimit-2 .toclevel-1 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-3 .toclevel-2 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-4 .toclevel-3 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-5 .toclevel-4 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-6 .toclevel-5 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-7 .toclevel-6 ul{display:none}</style><div class="toclimit-3"><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilocos_Norte&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1248332772">.mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text{width:95%;margin:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text>.mw-collapsible-content{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox{border:none;border-collapse:collapse;background-color:transparent;margin:0 0 0 1.6em!important;padding:0!important;width:auto;display:block}body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox.mbox-small-left{font-size:100%;width:auto;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-text{padding:0!important;margin:0!important}.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-text-span{display:list-item;line-height:1.5em;list-style-type:disc}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text>.mw-collapsible-toggle,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-image,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-imageright,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-empty-cell,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .hide-when-compact{display:none}</style><table class="box-Multiple_issues plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-multiple_issues compact-ambox" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><div class="multiple-issues-text mw-collapsible"><b>This section has multiple issues.</b> Please help <b><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Ilocos_Norte" title="Special:EditPage/Ilocos Norte">improve it</a></b> or discuss these issues on the <b><a href="/wiki/Talk:Ilocos_Norte" title="Talk:Ilocos Norte">talk page</a></b>. <small><i>(<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove these messages</a>)</i></small> <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs expansion</b>. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ilocos_Norte&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2009</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Ilocos_Norte" title="Special:EditPage/Ilocos Norte">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2017</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_history">Early history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilocos_Norte&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Long before the arrival of the Spaniards, there existed an extensive region consisting of Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, Abra and La Union. Merchants from Japan and China would often visit the area to trade gold for beads, ceramics and silk. The <a href="/wiki/Austronesian_peoples" title="Austronesian peoples">Austronesian</a> inhabitants of the region called their place <i>samtoy</i>, from <i>sao mi toy</i>, which literally meant "our language".<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Spanish_colonial_era">Spanish colonial era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilocos_Norte&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Spanish colonial era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1571, the Spanish conquistadors had Manila under their control and they began looking for new sites to conquer. <a href="/wiki/Miguel_Lopez_de_Legazpi" class="mw-redirect" title="Miguel Lopez de Legazpi">Miguel Lopez de Legazpi</a>'s grandson <a href="/wiki/Juan_de_Salcedo" title="Juan de Salcedo">Juan de Salcedo</a> volunteered to lead one of these expeditions. Together with 8 armed boats and 45 men the 22-year-old voyager headed north. On June 13, 1572, Salcedo and his men landed in present-day <a href="/wiki/Vigan" title="Vigan">Vigan</a> then proceeded to <a href="/wiki/Laoag" title="Laoag">Laoag</a>, <a href="/wiki/Currimao" title="Currimao">Currimao</a> and <a href="/wiki/Badoc" title="Badoc">Badoc</a>. As they sailed along the coast they were surprised to see numerous sheltered coves (<i>looc</i>) where the locals lived in harmony. They named the region <i>Ylocos</i> and its people <i>Ylocanos</i>. </p><p>As the Christianization of the region grew so did the landscape of the area. Vast tracts of land were utilized for churches and bell towers in line with the Spanish mission of <i>bajo las campanas</i>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This term exists in many places, but what it means is not defined in source. (June 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In the <a href="/wiki/Town_plaza" class="mw-redirect" title="Town plaza">town plaza</a> it was not uncommon to see garrisons under the church bells. Indigenous peoples living in the Ilocos Region, such as the Yapayao and Isneg, were slowly pushed into living in the sparsely populated but resource-rich mountains, which would expose them to conflicts with developers in later eras, such as during <a href="/wiki/Martial_Law_under_Ferdinand_Marcos" class="mw-redirect" title="Martial Law under Ferdinand Marcos">Martial Law under Ferdinand Marcos</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Pawilen2021SolidNorthMyth_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pawilen2021SolidNorthMyth-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 47">: 47 </span></sup> </p><p>Spanish colonization of the region was not completely successful. Owing to the abusive practices of many <a href="/wiki/Augustinians" title="Augustinians">Augustinian</a> <a href="/wiki/Friar" title="Friar">friars</a> a number of Ilocanos revolted. Noteworthy of these were the Dingras uprising (1589) and the Pedro Almasan revolt (San Nicolas, 1660). In 1762, <a href="/wiki/Diego_Silang" title="Diego Silang">Diego Silang</a> led a series of battles aimed at freeing the Ilocano. When he died from his friendly fire his widow <a href="/wiki/Gabriela_Silang" title="Gabriela Silang">Gabriela</a> continued his cause. She too was captured and executed. </p><p>In 1807 the sugar cane (<i>basi</i>) brewers of <a href="/wiki/Piddig" title="Piddig">Piddig</a> rose up in arms to protest the government's <a href="/wiki/Monopoly" title="Monopoly">monopoly</a> of the wine industry. In 1898, the church excommunicated <a href="/wiki/Gregorio_Aglipay" title="Gregorio Aglipay">Gregorio Aglipay</a> for refusing to cut off ties with the revolutionary forces of Gen. <a href="/wiki/Emilio_Aguinaldo" title="Emilio Aguinaldo">Emilio Aguinaldo</a>. Unperturbed, he helped established the <i><a href="/wiki/Iglesia_Filipina_Independiente" class="mw-redirect" title="Iglesia Filipina Independiente">Iglesia Filipina Independiente</a></i>. </p><p>In an effort to gain political control and because of the increasing population of the region, a Royal Decree was signed on February 2, 1818, splitting Ilocos into two provinces: Ilocos Norte and Ilocos Sur. Soon thereafter, <a href="/wiki/La_Union" title="La Union">La Union</a> and <a href="/wiki/Abra_(province)" title="Abra (province)">Abra</a> became independent provinces. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Japanese_occupation">Japanese occupation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilocos_Norte&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Japanese occupation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the fall of Corregidor and the subsequent occupation of the Philippines by the Empire of Japan, a number of small guerilla groups formed in the area of Ilocos Norte, some of which resorted to banditry.<sup id="cite_ref-AgoncilloFateful_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AgoncilloFateful-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Governor Roque Ablan Sr., with the help of Philippine Army Lt. Feliciano Madamba, was able to put together a guerilla unit to engage the Japanese forces and to rally the other guerilla groups into a common force. The leaders were assigned specific sectors using a system for distributing news and orders.<sup id="cite_ref-AgoncilloFateful_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AgoncilloFateful-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MortonFall_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MortonFall-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Philippine_independence">Philippine independence</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilocos_Norte&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Philippine independence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Tobacco_production_in_the_Philippines" title="Tobacco production in the Philippines">Tobacco production in the Philippines</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stonehill_scandal" title="Stonehill scandal">Stonehill scandal</a></div> <p>The decade after the recognition of Philippine independence marked a return of the <a href="/wiki/Tobacco_production_in_the_Philippines" title="Tobacco production in the Philippines">tobacco industry</a> to Ilocos Norte. Ever since the end of the tobacco monopoly, tobacco production had declined in the Ilocos as filipinos started shifting from locally made cigars to foreign made cigarettes.<sup id="cite_ref-StarTabacalera_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StarTabacalera-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> But after reading a feature article series by <a href="/wiki/Maximo_Soliven" class="mw-redirect" title="Maximo Soliven">Maximo Soliven</a> which explained why Virginia tobacco would grow well on Ilocos soil, businessman <a href="/wiki/Harry_Stonehill" class="mw-redirect" title="Harry Stonehill">Harry Stonehill</a> was convinced to invest extensively in rebuilding the industry, establishing the Philippine Tobacco Flue-Curing and Redrying Corporation (PTFCRC) in 1951 and recruiting farmers from throughout Region 1 to produce tobacco.<sup id="cite_ref-NTA_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NTA-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-StonehillGhost_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StonehillGhost-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The following year, La Union Congressman Manuel T. Cases filed a bill to "limit the importation of foreign leaf tobacco," which was eventually signed by President <a href="/wiki/Elpidio_Quirino" title="Elpidio Quirino">Elpidio Quirino</a> as Republic Act 698.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This allowed Stonehill's investments to make a handsome profit,<sup id="cite_ref-Kasaysayan9ch2_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kasaysayan9ch2-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the newly-rebuilt local industry to bloom.<sup id="cite_ref-NTA_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NTA-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Stonehill was later deported a decade later, in the 1960s, for tax evasion and bribery of government officials, in what would later be called the <a href="/wiki/Stonehill_scandal" title="Stonehill scandal">Stonehill scandal</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Kasaysayan9ch2_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kasaysayan9ch2-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but the tobacco industry continued to grow.<sup id="cite_ref-StonehillGhost_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StonehillGhost-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kasaysayan9ch2_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kasaysayan9ch2-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="During_the_Marcos_dictatorship">During the Marcos dictatorship</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilocos_Norte&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: During the Marcos dictatorship"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Martial_law_under_Ferdinand_Marcos" title="Martial law under Ferdinand Marcos">Martial law under Ferdinand Marcos</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Human_rights_abuses_of_the_Marcos_dictatorship" title="Human rights abuses of the Marcos dictatorship">Human rights abuses of the Marcos dictatorship</a> and <a href="/wiki/Unexplained_wealth_of_the_Marcos_family" title="Unexplained wealth of the Marcos family">Unexplained wealth of the Marcos family</a></div> <p>Ilocos Norte gained additional prominence in December 1965 when <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcos" title="Ferdinand Marcos">Ferdinand Marcos</a> became president, and again when he won a second term in 1969, boosted by debt-driven infrastructure spending that created <a href="/wiki/1969_Philippine_balance_of_payments_crisis" title="1969 Philippine balance of payments crisis">economic crises</a> and massive <a href="/wiki/First_Quarter_Storm" title="First Quarter Storm">social unrest</a> at the beginning of the 1970s.<sup id="cite_ref-Balbosas1992_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Balbosas1992-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Cororaton1997_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cororaton1997-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Facing the end of his constitutionally allowed presidential terms, he declared martial law in 1972<sup id="cite_ref-politicalEconomyOfAuthoritarianism_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-politicalEconomyOfAuthoritarianism-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and became <a href="/wiki/Martial_law_under_Ferdinand_Marcos" title="Martial law under Ferdinand Marcos">dictator</a> under a system of <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_authoritarianism" class="mw-redirect" title="Constitutional authoritarianism">constitutional authoritarianism</a> for fourteen more years.<sup id="cite_ref-NaveraMetaphorizingMartialLaw_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NaveraMetaphorizingMartialLaw-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His <a href="/wiki/Marcos_family" title="Marcos family">family</a> and <a href="/wiki/Marcos_cronies" class="mw-redirect" title="Marcos cronies">cronies</a> were accused of <a href="/wiki/Unexplained_wealth_of_the_Marcos_family" title="Unexplained wealth of the Marcos family">stealing an estimated US$5 billion to US$10 billion</a> during the 1980s,<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-economistHailToTheThief2_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-economistHailToTheThief2-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> when the Philippine economy sharply declined<sup id="cite_ref-EJGuido&CheDeLosReyes20170921_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EJGuido&CheDeLosReyes20170921-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> until Marcos was deposed by the civilian-led <a href="/wiki/People_Power_Revolution" title="People Power Revolution">People Power Revolution</a> of February 1986.<sup id="cite_ref-GazetteHistoryProtest_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GazetteHistoryProtest-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kasaysayan9ch10_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kasaysayan9ch10-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Various <a href="/wiki/Human_rights_violations_of_the_Marcos_dictatorship" class="mw-redirect" title="Human rights violations of the Marcos dictatorship">human rights violations</a> were documented in the Ilocos Norte region during the <a href="/wiki/Martial_law_under_Ferdinand_Marcos" title="Martial law under Ferdinand Marcos">Marcos martial law era</a>, despite <a href="/wiki/Solid_North" title="Solid North">public perception that the region was supportive</a> of Marcos' administration.<sup id="cite_ref-Pawilen2021SolidNorthMyth_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pawilen2021SolidNorthMyth-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ilocosnorteHR_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ilocosnorteHR-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Various farmers from the towns of Vintar, Dumalneg, Solsona, Marcos, and Piddig were documented to have been tortured,<sup id="cite_ref-Pawilen2021SolidNorthMyth_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pawilen2021SolidNorthMyth-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Pages: 47–48">: 47–48 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ilocosnorteHR_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ilocosnorteHR-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and eight farmers in Bangui and three indigenous community members in Vintar were "<a href="/wiki/Extrajudicial_killings_and_forced_disappearances_in_the_Philippines" title="Extrajudicial killings and forced disappearances in the Philippines">salvaged</a>" in 1984.<sup id="cite_ref-ilocosnorteHR_29-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ilocosnorteHR-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There were also various protests against the Marcos administration at the time, with Aurora Park in the Laoag Plaza being one of the favored places to stage protests.<sup id="cite_ref-Jun_Guiang_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jun_Guiang-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of the prominent victims of the Martial Law era who came from Laoag was Catholic layperson and social worker <a href="/wiki/Purificacion_Pedro" class="mw-redirect" title="Purificacion Pedro">Purificacion Pedro</a>, who volunteered in organizations protesting the <a href="/wiki/Chico_River_Dam_Project" title="Chico River Dam Project">Chico River Dam Project</a> in the nearby Cordillera Central mountains.<sup id="cite_ref-BantayogProfilePEDRO_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BantayogProfilePEDRO-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wounded while visiting activist friends in Bataan, she was later killed by Marcos administration soldiers while recuperating in the hospital.<sup id="cite_ref-Bulatlat_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bulatlat-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another prominent opponent of the martial law regime was human rights advocate and Bombo Radyo Laoag program host <a href="/wiki/David_Bueno" title="David Bueno">David Bueno</a>, who worked with the <a href="/wiki/Free_Legal_Assistance_Group" title="Free Legal Assistance Group">Free Legal Assistance Group</a> in Ilocos Norte during the later part of the Marcos administration and the early part of the succeeding Aquino administration. He would later be assassinated by motorcycle-riding men in fatigue uniforms on October 22, 1987 – part of a wave of assassinations that coincided with the <a href="/wiki/1986%E2%80%9390_Philippine_coup_attempts" class="mw-redirect" title="1986–90 Philippine coup attempts">1986–87 coup d'état</a> that tried to unseat the democratic government set up after the <a href="/wiki/1986_People_Power_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="1986 People Power Revolution">1986 People Power Revolution</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Both Bueno and Pedro were later honored among the first 65 people to have their names inscribed on the Wall of Remembrance of the Philippines' <a href="/wiki/Bantayog_ng_mga_Bayani" title="Bantayog ng mga Bayani">Bantayog ng mga Bayani</a>, which honors the martyrs and heroes who fought the dictatorship,<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Pedro was listed among Filipino Catholics nominated to be named <a href="/wiki/Servant_of_God#Catholic_Church" title="Servant of God">Servant of God</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Contemporary">Contemporary</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilocos_Norte&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Contemporary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The municipality of <a href="/wiki/Batac" title="Batac">Batac</a> became a component city by virtue of <i>Republic Act No. 9407</i> which sought to convert the municipality into a city. The law was ratified on June 23, 2007. However, the cityhood status was lost twice in the years 2008 and 2010 after the <a href="/wiki/League_of_Cities_of_the_Philippines" title="League of Cities of the Philippines">LCP</a> questioned the validity of the cityhood law. The cityhood status was reaffirmed after the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_Philippines" title="Supreme Court of the Philippines">court</a> finalized its ruling on February 15, 2011 which declared the cityhood law constitutional. </p><p>Ilocos Norte was among the provinces affected by the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Philippines" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines">COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines</a>, reporting its first three cases of COVID-19 on March 31, 2020, including a male patient each from Batac and Paoay, and former senator <a href="/wiki/Bongbong_Marcos" title="Bongbong Marcos">Bongbong Marcos</a>, who had arrived from travel to Spain.<sup id="cite_ref-IloNor1stCases_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IloNor1stCases-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DespiteDenials_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DespiteDenials-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ilocos Norte experienced surges in cases in 2021,<sup id="cite_ref-INSurgeAugust_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-INSurgeAugust-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with the spike reported in August 2021 being attributed to the Delta variant of the virus.<sup id="cite_ref-AugustSurgeIsDELTAptv4_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AugustSurgeIsDELTAptv4-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilocos_Norte&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ilocos Norte covers a total area of 3,467.89 square kilometres (1,338.96 sq mi)<sup id="cite_ref-nscb_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nscb-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> occupying the northern tip of the <a href="/wiki/Ilocos_Region" title="Ilocos Region">Ilocos Region</a> in <a href="/wiki/Luzon" title="Luzon">Luzon</a>. The province is bordered by <a href="/wiki/Cagayan" title="Cagayan">Cagayan</a> to the extreme northeast, <a href="/wiki/Apayao" title="Apayao">Apayao</a> to the east, and <a href="/wiki/Abra_(province)" title="Abra (province)">Abra</a> to the southeast, <a href="/wiki/Ilocos_Sur" title="Ilocos Sur">Ilocos Sur</a> to the southwest, the <a href="/wiki/West_Philippine_Sea" title="West Philippine Sea">West Philippine Sea</a> to the west, and the <a href="/wiki/Luzon_Strait" title="Luzon Strait">Luzon Strait</a> to the north. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Administrative_divisions">Administrative divisions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilocos_Norte&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Administrative divisions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ph_fil_ilocos_norte.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ph_fil_ilocos_norte.png/280px-Ph_fil_ilocos_norte.png" decoding="async" width="280" height="408" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ph_fil_ilocos_norte.png/420px-Ph_fil_ilocos_norte.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ph_fil_ilocos_norte.png/560px-Ph_fil_ilocos_norte.png 2x" data-file-width="1259" data-file-height="1836" /></a><figcaption>Administrative divisions of Ilocos Norte</figcaption></figure> <p>Ilocos Norte comprises 21 <a href="/wiki/Philippine_municipality" class="mw-redirect" title="Philippine municipality">municipalities</a> and 2 <a href="/wiki/Cities_of_the_Philippines#City_classification" title="Cities of the Philippines">component cities</a>, further subdivided into 559 <a href="/wiki/List_of_barangays_in_Ilocos_Norte" title="List of barangays in Ilocos Norte">barangays</a>. There are two <a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Ilocos_Norte" title="Legislative districts of Ilocos Norte">legislative districts</a> in the province. Updated classification of municipalities in Ilocos Norte. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://psa.gov.ph/classification/psgc/?q=psgc/citimuni/012800000">Updated Income Class of Ilocos Norte Municipalities</a> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1216972533">.mw-parser-output .col-begin{border-collapse:collapse;padding:0;color:inherit;width:100%;border:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .col-begin-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .col-break{vertical-align:top;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .col-break-2{width:50%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-3{width:33.3%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-4{width:25%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-5{width:20%}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .col-begin,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr>td{display:block!important;width:100%!important}.mw-parser-output .col-break{padding-left:0!important}}</style><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation" style="width: auto;"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#CCFFCC; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> † </span> <span style="font-size:90%;">Provincial capital and component city</span></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FFE6F3; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> ∗ </span> <span style="font-size:90%;">Component city</span></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FDFDFD; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <span style="font-size:90%;">Municipality</span></li></ul></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="margin:auto;table-layout:fixed;text-align:right;background-color:#FDFDFD;font-size:90%;border-collapse:collapse;"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" style="border-bottom:none;" class="unsortable" colspan="2">City <span style="font-size:85%;">or</span> municipality </th> <th scope="col" style="border-bottom:none;" class="unsortable"><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Ilocos_Norte" title="Legislative districts of Ilocos Norte">District</a><sup id="cite_ref-nscb_41-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nscb-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th scope="col" style="border-bottom:none;" class="unsortable" colspan="3">Population </th> <th scope="col" style="border-bottom:none;" class="unsortable"><abbr title="Per annum growth rate. Executive Order 135 §6 states that for "census years" (years divisible by 10) the reference date would be May 1, but for all other years, the reference date is to be the "middle of the year". This means that growth rates, although correct, are not necessarily simple year-on-year comparisons.">±% p.a.</abbr> </th> <th scope="col" style="border-bottom:none;" class="unsortable" colspan="2">Area<sup id="cite_ref-nscb_41-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nscb-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th scope="col" style="border-bottom:none;" class="unsortable" colspan="2">Density </th> <th scope="col" style="border-bottom:none;" class="unsortable"><abbr title="Total number of barangays">Barangay</abbr> </th> <th scope="col" style="border-bottom:none;" class="unsortable"><a href="/wiki/Coordinates" class="mw-redirect" title="Coordinates">Coordinates</a><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1041539562">.mw-parser-output .citation{word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}</style><sup class="citation nobold" id="ref_Coordnone"><a href="#endnote_Coordnone">[A]</a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="col" style="border-top:none;" colspan="2"> </th> <th scope="col" style="border-top:none;"> </th> <th scope="col" style="border-style:hidden hidden solid solid;" colspan="2"><span style="font-size:85%;">(2020)</span><sup id="cite_ref-PSA20–01_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PSA20–01-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th scope="col" style="border-style:hidden solid solid hidden;"><span style="font-size:85%;">(2015)</span><sup id="cite_ref-PSA15–01_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PSA15–01-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th scope="col" style="border-top:none;"> </th> <th scope="col" style="border-style:hidden hidden solid solid;">km<sup>2</sup> </th> <th scope="col" style="border-style:hidden solid solid hidden;" class="unsortable"><span class="nowrap">sq mi</span> </th> <th scope="col" style="border-style:hidden hidden solid solid;">/km<sup>2</sup> </th> <th scope="col" style="border-style:hidden solid solid hidden;" class="unsortable"><span class="nowrap">/sq mi</span> </th> <th scope="col" style="border-top:none;"> </th> <th scope="col" style="border-top:none;"> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Adams,_Ilocos_Norte" title="Adams, Ilocos Norte">Adams</a> </th> <td style="text-align:center;">1st </td> <td style="text-align:right"><span data-sort-value="6999359094995308306♠" style="display:none"></span>0.4%</td> <td style="text-align:right">2,189 </td> <td>1,792 </td> <td><span style="color:green;">+3.88%</span> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">159.31 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">61.51 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">14 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">36 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Ilocos_Norte&params=18.4613_N_120.9035_E_region:PH-ILN_type:city&title=Adams"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">18°27′41″N</span> <span class="longitude">120°54′13″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">18.4613°N 120.9035°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">18.4613; 120.9035</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Adams</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Bacarra" title="Bacarra">Bacarra</a> </th> <td style="text-align:center;">1st </td> <td style="text-align:right"><span data-sort-value="7000549485882268023♠" style="display:none"></span>5.5%</td> <td style="text-align:right">33,496 </td> <td>32,215 </td> <td><span style="color:green;">+0.75%</span> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">65.32 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">25.22 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">510 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,300 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">43 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Ilocos_Norte&params=18.2528_N_120.6118_E_region:PH-ILN_type:city&title=Bacarra"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">18°15′10″N</span> <span class="longitude">120°36′42″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">18.2528°N 120.6118°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">18.2528; 120.6118</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Bacarra</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Badoc" title="Badoc">Badoc</a> </th> <td style="text-align:center;">2nd </td> <td style="text-align:right"><span data-sort-value="7000533639113630845♠" style="display:none"></span>5.3%</td> <td style="text-align:right">32,530 </td> <td>31,616 </td> <td><span style="color:green;">+0.54%</span> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">76.68 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">29.61 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">420 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,100 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">31 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Ilocos_Norte&params=17.9267_N_120.4740_E_region:PH-ILN_type:city&title=Badoc"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">17°55′36″N</span> <span class="longitude">120°28′26″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">17.9267°N 120.4740°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">17.9267; 120.4740</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Badoc</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Bangui,_Ilocos_Norte" title="Bangui, Ilocos Norte">Bangui</a> </th> <td style="text-align:center;">1st </td> <td style="text-align:right"><span data-sort-value="7000246379521906599♠" style="display:none"></span>2.5%</td> <td style="text-align:right">15,019 </td> <td>14,672 </td> <td><span style="color:green;">+0.45%</span> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">112.98 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">43.62 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">130 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">340 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">14 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Ilocos_Norte&params=18.5367_N_120.7657_E_region:PH-ILN_type:city&title=Bangui"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">18°32′12″N</span> <span class="longitude">120°45′57″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">18.5367°N 120.7657°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">18.5367; 120.7657</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Bangui</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Banna,_Ilocos_Norte" title="Banna, Ilocos Norte">Banna</a> </th> <td style="text-align:center;">2nd </td> <td style="text-align:right"><span data-sort-value="7000316558068728387♠" style="display:none"></span>3.2%</td> <td style="text-align:right">19,297 </td> <td>19,438 </td> <td><span style="color:red;">−0.14%</span> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">92.73 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">35.80 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">210 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">540 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">20 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Ilocos_Norte&params=17.9799_N_120.6549_E_region:PH-ILN_type:city&title=Banna"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">17°58′48″N</span> <span class="longitude">120°39′18″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">17.9799°N 120.6549°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">17.9799; 120.6549</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Banna</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFE6F3;"> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:#FFE6F3;border-right:0;"><a href="/wiki/Batac" title="Batac">Batac</a> </th> <td style="text-align:right;border-left:0;">∗ </td> <td style="text-align:center;">2nd </td> <td style="text-align:right"><span data-sort-value="7000910188520771406♠" style="display:none"></span>9.1%</td> <td style="text-align:right">55,484 </td> <td>55,201 </td> <td><span style="color:green;">+0.10%</span> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">161.06 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">62.19 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">340 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">880 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">43 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Ilocos_Norte&params=18.0566_N_120.5639_E_region:PH-ILN_type:city&title=Batac"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">18°03′24″N</span> <span class="longitude">120°33′50″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">18.0566°N 120.5639°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">18.0566; 120.5639</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Batac</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Burgos,_Ilocos_Norte" title="Burgos, Ilocos Norte">Burgos</a> </th> <td style="text-align:center;">1st </td> <td style="text-align:right"><span data-sort-value="7000176496256487988♠" style="display:none"></span>1.8%</td> <td style="text-align:right">10,759 </td> <td>9,777 </td> <td><span style="color:green;">+1.84%</span> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">128.90 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">49.77 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">83 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">210 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">11 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Ilocos_Norte&params=18.5110_N_120.6436_E_region:PH-ILN_type:city&title=Burgos"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">18°30′40″N</span> <span class="longitude">120°38′37″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">18.5110°N 120.6436°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">18.5110; 120.6436</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Burgos</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Carasi" title="Carasi">Carasi</a> </th> <td style="text-align:center;">1st </td> <td style="text-align:right"><span data-sort-value="6999263620674947669♠" style="display:none"></span>0.3%</td> <td style="text-align:right">1,607 </td> <td>1,567 </td> <td><span style="color:green;">+0.48%</span> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">82.97 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">32.03 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">19 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">49 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Ilocos_Norte&params=18.1407_N_120.8215_E_region:PH-ILN_type:city&title=Carasi"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">18°08′27″N</span> <span class="longitude">120°49′17″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">18.1407°N 120.8215°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">18.1407; 120.8215</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Carasi</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Currimao" title="Currimao">Currimao</a> </th> <td style="text-align:center;">2nd </td> <td style="text-align:right"><span data-sort-value="7000200381241100546♠" style="display:none"></span>2.0%</td> <td style="text-align:right">12,215 </td> <td>12,184 </td> <td><span style="color:green;">+0.05%</span> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">34.08 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">13.16 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">360 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">930 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">23 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Ilocos_Norte&params=18.0194_N_120.4868_E_region:PH-ILN_type:city&title=Currimao"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">18°01′10″N</span> <span class="longitude">120°29′12″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">18.0194°N 120.4868°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">18.0194; 120.4868</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Currimao</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Dingras" title="Dingras">Dingras</a> </th> <td style="text-align:center;">2nd </td> <td style="text-align:right"><span data-sort-value="7000658264270294034♠" style="display:none"></span>6.6%</td> <td style="text-align:right">40,127 </td> <td>38,562 </td> <td><span style="color:green;">+0.76%</span> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">96.00 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">37.07 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">420 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,100 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">31 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Ilocos_Norte&params=18.1024_N_120.7014_E_region:PH-ILN_type:city&title=Dingras"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">18°06′09″N</span> <span class="longitude">120°42′05″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">18.1024°N 120.7014°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">18.1024; 120.7014</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Dingras</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Dumalneg" title="Dumalneg">Dumalneg</a> </th> <td style="text-align:center;">1st </td> <td style="text-align:right"><span data-sort-value="6999506407606448945♠" style="display:none"></span>0.5%</td> <td style="text-align:right">3,087 </td> <td>2,947 </td> <td><span style="color:green;">+0.89%</span> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">88.48 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">34.16 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">35 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">91 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">4 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Ilocos_Norte&params=18.5220_N_120.8096_E_region:PH-ILN_type:city&title=Dumalneg"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">18°31′19″N</span> <span class="longitude">120°48′35″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">18.5220°N 120.8096°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">18.5220; 120.8096</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Dumalneg</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#CCFFCC;"> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:#CCFFCC;border-right:0;"><a href="/wiki/Laoag" title="Laoag">Laoag City</a> </th> <td style="text-align:right;border-left:0;">† </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1st </td> <td style="text-align:right"><span data-sort-value="7001183158133034114♠" style="display:none"></span>18.3%</td> <td style="text-align:right">111,651 </td> <td>111,125 </td> <td><span style="color:green;">+0.09%</span> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">116.08 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">44.82 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">960 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,500 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">80 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Ilocos_Norte&params=18.1973_N_120.5935_E_region:PH-ILN_type:city&title=Laoag"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">18°11′50″N</span> <span class="longitude">120°35′37″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">18.1973°N 120.5935°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">18.1973; 120.5935</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Laoag</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Marcos,_Ilocos_Norte" title="Marcos, Ilocos Norte">Marcos</a> </th> <td style="text-align:center;">2nd </td> <td style="text-align:right"><span data-sort-value="7000295445448401215♠" style="display:none"></span>3.0%</td> <td style="text-align:right">18,010 </td> <td>17,777 </td> <td><span style="color:green;">+0.25%</span> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">72.77 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">28.10 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">250 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">650 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">13 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Ilocos_Norte&params=18.0439_N_120.6771_E_region:PH-ILN_type:city&title=Marcos"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">18°02′38″N</span> <span class="longitude">120°40′38″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">18.0439°N 120.6771°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">18.0439; 120.6771</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Marcos</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Nueva_Era,_Ilocos_Norte" title="Nueva Era, Ilocos Norte">Nueva Era</a> </th> <td style="text-align:center;">2nd </td> <td style="text-align:right"><span data-sort-value="7000196329324068059♠" style="display:none"></span>2.0%</td> <td style="text-align:right">11,968 </td> <td>9,506 </td> <td><span style="color:green;">+4.48%</span> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">515.02 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">198.85 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">23 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">60 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">11 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Ilocos_Norte&params=17.9153_N_120.6660_E_region:PH-ILN_type:city&title=Nueva+Era"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">17°54′55″N</span> <span class="longitude">120°39′58″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">17.9153°N 120.6660°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">17.9153; 120.6660</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Nueva Era</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Pagudpud" title="Pagudpud">Pagudpud</a> </th> <td style="text-align:center;">1st </td> <td style="text-align:right"><span data-sort-value="7000411720703163448♠" style="display:none"></span>4.1%</td> <td style="text-align:right">25,098 </td> <td>23,770 </td> <td><span style="color:green;">+1.04%</span> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">194.90 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">75.25 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">130 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">340 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">16 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Ilocos_Norte&params=18.5601_N_120.7887_E_region:PH-ILN_type:city&title=Pagudpud"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">18°33′36″N</span> <span class="longitude">120°47′19″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">18.5601°N 120.7887°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">18.5601; 120.7887</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Pagudpud</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Paoay" title="Paoay">Paoay</a> </th> <td style="text-align:center;">2nd </td> <td style="text-align:right"><span data-sort-value="7000410129464490770♠" style="display:none"></span>4.1%</td> <td style="text-align:right">25,001 </td> <td>24,866 </td> <td><span style="color:green;">+0.10%</span> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">76.24 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">29.44 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">330 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">850 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">31 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Ilocos_Norte&params=18.0617_N_120.5195_E_region:PH-ILN_type:city&title=Paoay"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">18°03′42″N</span> <span class="longitude">120°31′10″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">18.0617°N 120.5195°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">18.0617; 120.5195</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Paoay</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Pasuquin" title="Pasuquin">Pasuquin</a> </th> <td style="text-align:center;">1st </td> <td style="text-align:right"><span data-sort-value="7000486853415749653♠" style="display:none"></span>4.9%</td> <td style="text-align:right">29,678 </td> <td>28,980 </td> <td><span style="color:green;">+0.45%</span> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">210.54 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">81.29 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">140 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">360 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">33 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Ilocos_Norte&params=18.3339_N_120.6194_E_region:PH-ILN_type:city&title=Pasuquin"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">18°20′02″N</span> <span class="longitude">120°37′10″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">18.3339°N 120.6194°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">18.3339; 120.6194</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Pasuquin</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Piddig" title="Piddig">Piddig</a> </th> <td style="text-align:center;">1st </td> <td style="text-align:right"><span data-sort-value="7000368691640911566♠" style="display:none"></span>3.7%</td> <td style="text-align:right">22,475 </td> <td>21,497 </td> <td><span style="color:green;">+0.85%</span> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">216.20 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">83.48 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">100 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">260 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">23 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Ilocos_Norte&params=18.1635_N_120.7165_E_region:PH-ILN_type:city&title=Piddig"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">18°09′49″N</span> <span class="longitude">120°42′59″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">18.1635°N 120.7165°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">18.1635; 120.7165</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Piddig</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Pinili" title="Pinili">Pinili</a> </th> <td style="text-align:center;">2nd </td> <td style="text-align:right"><span data-sort-value="7000289146111800101♠" style="display:none"></span>2.9%</td> <td style="text-align:right">17,626 </td> <td>17,300 </td> <td><span style="color:green;">+0.36%</span> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">89.48 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">34.55 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">200 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">520 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">25 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Ilocos_Norte&params=17.9519_N_120.5257_E_region:PH-ILN_type:city&title=Pinili"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">17°57′07″N</span> <span class="longitude">120°31′33″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">17.9519°N 120.5257°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">17.9519; 120.5257</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Pinili</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/San_Nicolas,_Ilocos_Norte" title="San Nicolas, Ilocos Norte">San Nicolas</a> </th> <td style="text-align:center;">2nd </td> <td style="text-align:right"><span data-sort-value="7000638053898698793♠" style="display:none"></span>6.4%</td> <td style="text-align:right">38,895 </td> <td>36,736 </td> <td><span style="color:green;">+1.09%</span> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">40.18 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">15.51 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">970 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,500 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">24 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Ilocos_Norte&params=18.1749_N_120.5943_E_region:PH-ILN_type:city&title=San+Nicolas"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">18°10′30″N</span> <span class="longitude">120°35′39″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">18.1749°N 120.5943°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">18.1749; 120.5943</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">San Nicolas</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Sarrat" title="Sarrat">Sarrat</a> </th> <td style="text-align:center;">1st </td> <td style="text-align:right"><span data-sort-value="7000413164301134536♠" style="display:none"></span>4.1%</td> <td style="text-align:right">25,186 </td> <td>25,212 </td> <td><span style="color:red;">−0.02%</span> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">57.39 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">22.16 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">440 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,100 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">24 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Ilocos_Norte&params=18.1568_N_120.6467_E_region:PH-ILN_type:city&title=Sarrat"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">18°09′24″N</span> <span class="longitude">120°38′48″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">18.1568°N 120.6467°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">18.1568; 120.6467</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Sarrat</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Solsona,_Ilocos_Norte" title="Solsona, Ilocos Norte">Solsona</a> </th> <td style="text-align:center;">2nd </td> <td style="text-align:right"><span data-sort-value="7000407668786130960♠" style="display:none"></span>4.1%</td> <td style="text-align:right">24,851 </td> <td>24,121 </td> <td><span style="color:green;">+0.57%</span> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">166.23 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">64.18 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">150 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">390 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">22 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Ilocos_Norte&params=18.0953_N_120.7732_E_region:PH-ILN_type:city&title=Solsona"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">18°05′43″N</span> <span class="longitude">120°46′24″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">18.0953°N 120.7732°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">18.0953; 120.7732</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Solsona</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Vintar" title="Vintar">Vintar</a> </th> <td style="text-align:center;">1st </td> <td style="text-align:right"><span data-sort-value="7000546910372251422♠" style="display:none"></span>5.5%</td> <td style="text-align:right">33,339 </td> <td>32,220 </td> <td><span style="color:green;">+0.65%</span> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">614.35 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">237.20 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">54 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">140 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">33 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Ilocos_Norte&params=18.2298_N_120.6491_E_region:PH-ILN_type:city&title=Vintar"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">18°13′47″N</span> <span class="longitude">120°38′57″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">18.2298°N 120.6491°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">18.2298; 120.6491</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Vintar</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr class="sortbottom"> <th scope="row" colspan="4" style="text-align:left;">Total </th> <th scope="col" style="text-align:right;">609,588 </th> <th scope="col" style="text-align:right;">593,081 </th> <th scope="col" style="text-align:right;"><span style="color:green;">+0.52%</span> </th> <th scope="col" style="text-align:right;">3,467.89 </th> <th scope="col">1,338.96 </th> <th scope="col" style="text-align:right;">180 </th> <th scope="col" style="text-align:right;">440 </th> <th scope="col">559 </th> <th scope="col" style="font-style:italic;"><span style="font-size:85%;">(see <a href="#External_links">GeoGroup box</a>)</span> </th></tr> <tr class="sortbottom" style="background-color:#F2F2F2;border-top:double grey;line-height:1.3em;"> <td colspan="13"> <div><ol style="list-style-type:upper-alpha"><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><span class="citation wikicite" id="endnote_Coordnone"><a href="#ref_Coordnone"><b><sup>^</sup></b></a></span> Coordinates mark the <a href="/wiki/Town_center" class="mw-redirect" title="Town center">city/town center</a>, and are sortable by <a href="/wiki/Latitude" title="Latitude">latitude</a>.</li></ol></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>  </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Barangays">Barangays</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilocos_Norte&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Barangays"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ilocos Norte has 559 <a href="/wiki/Barangay" title="Barangay">barangays</a> comprising its 21 municipalities and 2 cities.<sup id="cite_ref-NSO10–01_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NSO10–01-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The most populous barangay in the province is Barangay No. 1, San Lorenzo <i>(Poblacion)</i> in the <a href="/wiki/Laoag_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Laoag City">City of Laoag</a> with a population of 4,391 in the 2010 census. If cities are excluded, Davila in the municipality of <a href="/wiki/Pasuquin,_Ilocos_Norte" class="mw-redirect" title="Pasuquin, Ilocos Norte">Pasuquin</a> has the highest population, at 3,900. The least populous is Sapat in the municipality of <a href="/wiki/Pasuquin,_Ilocos_Norte" class="mw-redirect" title="Pasuquin, Ilocos Norte">Pasuquin</a>, with only 32.<sup id="cite_ref-NSO10–01_43-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NSO10–01-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_barangays_in_Ilocos_Norte" title="List of barangays in Ilocos Norte">List of barangays in Ilocos Norte</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilocos_Norte&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236656977">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style><table class="table-pale" style="width:auto;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Population census of Ilocos Norte</caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Per annum growth rate. Executive Order 135 §6 states that for "census years" (years divisible by 10) the reference date would be May 1st, but for all other years, the reference date is to be the "middle of the year". This means that growth rates, although correct, are not necessarily simple year-on-year comparisons.">±% p.a.</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1903 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">178,995</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1918 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">219,129</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+1.36%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1939 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">237,586</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.39%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1948 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">251,455</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.63%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1960 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">287,333</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+1.12%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1970 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">343,427</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+1.80%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1975 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">371,724</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+1.60%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1980 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">390,666</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+1.00%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1990 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">461,661</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+1.68%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1995 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">482,651</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.84%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2000 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">514,241</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+1.37%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2007 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">547,284</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.86%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2010 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">568,017</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+1.36%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2015 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">593,081</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.83%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2020 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">609,588</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.54%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);font-size:85%;text-align:left">Source: Philippine Statistics Authority<sup id="cite_ref-PSA15–01_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PSA15–01-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NSO10–01_43-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NSO10–01-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The population of Ilocos Norte in the 2020 census was 609,588 people,<sup id="cite_ref-PSA20–01_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PSA20–01-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with a density of 180 inhabitants per square kilometre or 470 inhabitants per square mile. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion">Religion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilocos_Norte&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Religion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Paoay_Church_In_Ilocos_Norte.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Paoay_Church_In_Ilocos_Norte.JPG/220px-Paoay_Church_In_Ilocos_Norte.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Paoay_Church_In_Ilocos_Norte.JPG/330px-Paoay_Church_In_Ilocos_Norte.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Paoay_Church_In_Ilocos_Norte.JPG/440px-Paoay_Church_In_Ilocos_Norte.JPG 2x" data-file-width="728" data-file-height="546" /></a><figcaption>Paoay Church</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholicism_in_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholicism in the Philippines">Roman Catholicism</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Aglipayan_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Aglipayan Church">Aglipayan Church</a> are the two major religions in the province.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Among the major <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Church">Roman Catholic churches</a> in Ilocos Norte include: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paoay_Church" title="Paoay Church">Paoay Church</a> — named a <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a> <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">World Heritage Site</a> in 1993.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laoag_Cathedral" title="Laoag Cathedral">St. William's Cathedral</a> in <a href="/wiki/Laoag_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Laoag City">Laoag</a> — known for its Sinking Bell Tower</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Monica_Church_(Sarrat)" class="mw-redirect" title="Santa Monica Church (Sarrat)">Santa Monica Church</a> in <a href="/wiki/Sarrat,_Ilocos_Norte" class="mw-redirect" title="Sarrat, Ilocos Norte">Sarrat</a> — documented to be the biggest church in the <a href="/wiki/Ilocos_Region" title="Ilocos Region">Ilocos Region</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bacarra_Church" title="Bacarra Church">Bacarra Church</a> — destroyed during an intensity VII (on the Rossi-Forel scale) <a href="/wiki/1983_Luzon_earthquake" title="1983 Luzon earthquake">earthquake on August 17, 1983</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-phivolcs_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-phivolcs-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> reconstructed and re-inaugurated in 1984.</li></ul> <p>Ilocos Norte is the home of two Aglipay Shrines (<a href="/wiki/Aglipayan_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Aglipayan Church">Aglipayan Church</a>) in which one of it is where the church's first supreme leader, <a href="/wiki/Gregorio_Aglipay" title="Gregorio Aglipay">Gregorio Aglipay</a>, was buried (<a href="/wiki/Gregorio_Aglipay_National_Shrine" title="Gregorio Aglipay National Shrine">Gregorio Aglipay National Shrine</a>). There are also increasing numbers of Jehovah's Witnesses. There are also minor but steadily increasing members of <a href="/wiki/Iglesia_ni_Cristo" title="Iglesia ni Cristo">Iglesia ni Cristo</a> (INC). It has 2 Ecclesiastical Districts (Batac and Laoag). Each district includes 60 plus locales with barangay chapels. INC has 5-6% adherents. <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> is also practiced by Mindanaoan traders and immigrants. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Languages">Languages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilocos_Norte&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Languages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Ilocano_language" title="Ilocano language">Ilocano language</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Ilocano_language" title="Ilocano language">Ilocano</a> is the main language of the native majority in the province, with <a href="/wiki/La_Union" title="La Union">La Union</a> recognized it as an official language since 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It became widespread in neighboring regions of <a href="/wiki/Cagayan_Valley" title="Cagayan Valley">Cagayan Valley (Region II)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cordillera_Administrative_Region" title="Cordillera Administrative Region">Cordillera Administrative Region</a> and major parts of <a href="/wiki/Central_Luzon" title="Central Luzon">Central Luzon (Region III)</a>—where Ilocanos settled—as a lingua franca among respective Ilocano and non-Ilocano residents. Ilocano is also recognized as a minority language in <a href="/wiki/Mindoro" title="Mindoro">Mindoro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Palawan" title="Palawan">Palawan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mindanao" title="Mindanao">Mindanao</a> (particularly in some areas in <a href="/wiki/Soccsksargen" title="Soccsksargen">Soccsksargen</a>), where Ilocanos had have been significant residents since the early 20th century. It is a third most widely spoken language in the Philippines, estimating 11 million speakers as of 2022. The language has many speakers overseas, including the American states of <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii">Hawaii</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Tagalog_language" title="Tagalog language">Filipino/Tagalog</a> and English are also spoken and understood in the region, utilized in business, education and media. </p><p>Aside from Ilocano, Filipino (the national language) and English, there are other two indigenous languages in Ilocos Norte. There are the <a href="/wiki/Isnag_language" title="Isnag language">Isnag language</a> of the east, <a href="/wiki/Itneg_languages" title="Itneg languages">Itneg</a> in Nueva Era, and the Apnutam language in Currimao. </p><p>Apnutam is listed as one of the 15 endangered languages of the Philippines according to the <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a> <i>Atlas of the World's Endangered Languages</i>. The Apnutam language is listed as <i>Severely Endangered</i>, with less than 300 speakers remaining. All remaining speakers of the language are part of the community's elders. Without a municipality-wide teaching mechanism of the Faire Atta language for the youth, the language may be extinct within 3-5 decades, making it a language in grave peril unless a teaching-mechanism is established by either the government or an educational institution in Currimao and nearby municipalities.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:left;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilocos_Norte&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1034237262">.mw-parser-output .stack{box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .stack>div{margin:1px;overflow:hidden}@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-left{float:left;clear:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-right{float:right;clear:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-left{float:left;clear:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-right{float:right;clear:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-left{float:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-right{float:right;margin-left:1em}}</style><div class="stack mw-stack stack-left"><div><p style="margin-left: 20px;"><b>Poverty incidence of Ilocos Norte</b></p> <table style="font-size:85%;"> <tbody><tr> <td><div style="padding-top:10px;margin-top:1em;max-width:420px;" class="chart noresize"> <div style="position:relative;min-height:300px;min-width:420px;max-width:420px;"> <div style="float:right;position:relative;min-height:220px;min-width:320px;max-width:320px;border-left:1px black solid;border-bottom:1px black solid;"> <div style="position:absolute;left:7.5px;top:25px;height:194px;min-width:36px;max-width:36px;background-color:#D4AF37;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid #D4AF37;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Ilocos Norte: 17.75"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:60.5px;top:58px;height:161px;min-width:36px;max-width:36px;background-color:#D4AF37;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid #D4AF37;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Ilocos Norte: 14.7"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:113.5px;top:111px;height:108px;min-width:36px;max-width:36px;background-color:#D4AF37;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid #D4AF37;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Ilocos Norte: 9.88"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:166.5px;top:132px;height:87px;min-width:36px;max-width:36px;background-color:#D4AF37;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid #D4AF37;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Ilocos Norte: 8"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:219.5px;top:171px;height:48px;min-width:36px;max-width:36px;background-color:#D4AF37;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid #D4AF37;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Ilocos Norte: 4.47"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:272.5px;top:201px;height:18px;min-width:36px;max-width:36px;background-color:#D4AF37;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid #D4AF37;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Ilocos Norte: 1.7"></div> </div> <div style="position:absolute;height:220px;min-width:100px;max-width:100px;"> <div style="position:absolute;height=20px;text-align:right;vertical-align:middle;width:90px;top:155px;padding:0 2px">5</div> <div style="position:absolute;height=1px;min-width:5px;top:165px;left:96px;border:1px solid black;"></div> <div style="position:absolute;height=20px;text-align:right;vertical-align:middle;width:90px;top:100px;padding:0 2px">10</div> <div style="position:absolute;height=1px;min-width:5px;top:110px;left:96px;border:1px solid black;"></div> <div style="position:absolute;height=20px;text-align:right;vertical-align:middle;width:90px;top:45px;padding:0 2px">15</div> <div style="position:absolute;height=1px;min-width:5px;top:55px;left:96px;border:1px solid black;"></div> <div style="position:absolute;height=20px;text-align:right;vertical-align:middle;width:90px;top:-10px;padding:0 2px">20</div> <div style="position:absolute;height=1px;min-width:5px;top:0px;left:96px;border:1px solid black;"></div> </div> <div style="position:absolute;top:220px;left:100px;width:320px;"> <div style="position:absolute;left:1px;top:10px;min-width:51px;max-width:51px;text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">2006 <br /> 17.75</div> <div style="position:absolute;left:26.5px;height:10px;width:1px;border-left:1px solid black;"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:54px;top:10px;min-width:51px;max-width:51px;text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">2009 <br /> 14.70</div> <div style="position:absolute;left:79.5px;height:10px;width:1px;border-left:1px solid black;"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:107px;top:10px;min-width:51px;max-width:51px;text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">2012 <br /> 9.88</div> <div style="position:absolute;left:132.5px;height:10px;width:1px;border-left:1px solid black;"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:160px;top:10px;min-width:51px;max-width:51px;text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">2015 <br /> 8.00</div> <div style="position:absolute;left:185.5px;height:10px;width:1px;border-left:1px solid black;"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:213px;top:10px;min-width:51px;max-width:51px;text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">2018 <br /> 4.47</div> <div style="position:absolute;left:238.5px;height:10px;width:1px;border-left:1px solid black;"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:266px;top:10px;min-width:51px;max-width:51px;text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">2021 <br /> 1.70</div> <div style="position:absolute;left:291.5px;height:10px;width:1px;border-left:1px solid black;"></div> </div> </div> </div> <p style="margin-left: 20px;"> <b>Source:</b> <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Statistics_Authority" title="Philippine Statistics Authority">Philippine Statistics Authority</a><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bornayjars.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Bornayjars.jpg/220px-Bornayjars.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Bornayjars.jpg/330px-Bornayjars.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Bornayjars.jpg/440px-Bornayjars.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="533" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Bagoong" title="Bagoong">Bagoong</a></i> fermenting in <i>burnay</i> jars</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Missing_information plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/44px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="44" height="44" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/66px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/88px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>is missing information</b> about economic indicators (e.g. per capita income, unemployment, etc.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please expand the section to include this information. Further details may exist on the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Ilocos_Norte" title="Talk:Ilocos Norte">talk page</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">October 2021</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Products_and_industries">Products and industries</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilocos_Norte&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Products and industries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The province specializes in the following products and industries: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture" title="Agriculture">Agriculture</a> — rice, corn, garlic, legumes, root crops, tobacco, and other fruits and vegetables</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishery" title="Fishery">Fishery</a> — <a href="/wiki/Tilapia" title="Tilapia">tilapia</a> and assorted fishes</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Livestock" title="Livestock">Livestock</a> — swine and cattle</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cottage_industries" class="mw-redirect" title="Cottage industries">Cottage industries</a> — <a href="/wiki/Loom" title="Loom">loom</a> <a href="/wiki/Weaving" title="Weaving">weaving</a>, furniture, ceramics, iron works</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manufacturing" title="Manufacturing">Manufacturing</a> and <a href="/wiki/Food_processing" title="Food processing">food processing</a> — salt, empanada, <a href="/wiki/Bagoong" title="Bagoong">bagoong</a>, patis, basi (native Ilocano wine), vinegar, longganisa, chicharon, bagnet, chichacorn (cornick), jewelry, garments, cereal processing, packaging, mechanized processing equipment</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wind_Power" class="mw-redirect" title="Wind Power">Wind Power</a> — Ilocos Norte's position on the northwest corner of Luzon makes it ideal for wind power generation. There is currently a 25 <a href="/wiki/Megawatt" class="mw-redirect" title="Megawatt">Megawatt</a> wind farm in Ilocos Norte, and several more wind energy projects are being planned</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism" title="Tourism">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pottery" title="Pottery">Pottery</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bangui_Wind_Farm">Bangui Wind Farm</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilocos_Norte&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Bangui Wind Farm"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2005, NorthWind Power Development Corp. began commercial operation of the <a href="/wiki/Bangui_Wind_Farm" title="Bangui Wind Farm">Bangui Wind Farm</a> in the Municipality of Bangui, having initiated and developed the project in response to a 1996 study by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) which identified Bangui as one of the viable sites for wind energy sites in the Philippines.<sup id="cite_ref-Windmills_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Windmills-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Connected to the Luzon <a href="/wiki/Electrical_grid" title="Electrical grid">Grid</a>, the project was the first wind farm in Southeast Asia,<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> supplying 40% of Ilocos Norte's electricity needs,<sup id="cite_ref-wind_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wind-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and becoming a major tourist site for Bangui.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/AC_Energy" class="mw-redirect" title="AC Energy">AC Energy</a>, the listed energy platform of the <a href="/wiki/Ayala_Corporation" title="Ayala Corporation">Ayala Group</a>, acquired the controlling shares of Northwind and of the Bangui Wind Farm in 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:left;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture_and_the_arts">Culture and the arts</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilocos_Norte&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Culture and the arts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prominent_artists">Prominent artists</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilocos_Norte&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Prominent artists"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tampuhan_by_Juan_Luna.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Tampuhan_by_Juan_Luna.jpg/220px-Tampuhan_by_Juan_Luna.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="190" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Tampuhan_by_Juan_Luna.jpg/330px-Tampuhan_by_Juan_Luna.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Tampuhan_by_Juan_Luna.jpg/440px-Tampuhan_by_Juan_Luna.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1065" data-file-height="920" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Tampuhan_(painting)" title="Tampuhan (painting)">Tampuhan</a></i> by Juan Luna</figcaption></figure> <p>Ilocos Norte has given birth to numerous artists that have received national acclaim - perhaps the most notable being <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Revolution" title="Philippine Revolution">Philippine Revolution</a> era activist and leader <a href="/wiki/Juan_Luna" title="Juan Luna">Juan Luna</a>, who was born in <a href="/wiki/Badoc" title="Badoc">Badoc</a>. The province is also home to at least one <a href="/wiki/National_Artists_of_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="National Artists of the Philippines">National Artists of the Philippines</a> - National Artist for Theater <a href="/wiki/Severino_Montano" title="Severino Montano">Severino Montano</a> who was conferred the honor in 2001.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another influential artist was <a href="/wiki/Ricarte_Puruganan" title="Ricarte Puruganan">Ricarte Puruganan</a>, one of the Philippines' influential "Thirteen Moderns," who broke away from the painting style of Conservatives, led by <a href="/wiki/Fernando_Amorsolo" title="Fernando Amorsolo">Fernando Amorsolo</a>, during the first half of the 20th century.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the folk arts, the Philippines also recognizes <a href="/wiki/Magdalena_Gamayo" title="Magdalena Gamayo">Magdalena Gamayo</a> of <a href="/wiki/Pinili" title="Pinili">Pinili</a>. Ilocos Norte as one of its National Living Treasures for textile weaving, preserving the <a href="/wiki/Inabel" title="Inabel">inabel</a> weaving tradition of the Ilocos region.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Damili">Damili</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilocos_Norte&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Damili"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The town of <a href="/wiki/San_Nicolas,_Ilocos_Norte" title="San Nicolas, Ilocos Norte">San Nicolas</a> is known for its terracotta pottery, called <i>damili</i> after the Ilocano language word for pottery.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> San Nicolas' pottery tradition has been declared part of the Philippine National Commission for Culture and the Arts' School of Living Traditions program.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Inabel">Inabel</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilocos_Norte&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Inabel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Inabel" title="Inabel">Inabel</a></div> <p>Ilocos Norte is a center of the <i><a href="/wiki/Inabel" title="Inabel">inabel</a></i> weaving tradition, whose cloths are well known for being soft but sturdy, with a wide range of pattern designs drawn from Ilocano culture and experience<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cuisine">Cuisine</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilocos_Norte&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Cuisine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Filipino culinary historian <a href="/wiki/Doreen_Fernandez" title="Doreen Fernandez">Doreen Fernandez</a> notes that bitterness as a flavor principle is a uniquely prominent in Ilocano cuisine, quoting fellow food critic Edilberto Alegre saying the bitter "Ilocos Norte mystique" is best represented in <i><a href="/wiki/Papaitan" class="mw-redirect" title="Papaitan">papaitan</a></i>, a meat variant of <i><a href="/wiki/Kilawin" title="Kilawin">kilawin</a></i> characterized by its bitter flavors.<sup id="cite_ref-DoreenFernandezTIKIM_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DoreenFernandezTIKIM-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 56">: 56 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Government">Government</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilocos_Norte&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Government"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_in_Ilocos_Norte" title="List of mayors in Ilocos Norte">List of mayors in Ilocos Norte</a></div> <p><b>Term of Office:</b> June 30, 2022 - June 30, 2025 </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Official_handover_turnover_of_Palarong_Pambansa_Flag_(Rizal,_Metro_Manila;_2023-08-05)_E911a_10.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Official_handover_turnover_of_Palarong_Pambansa_Flag_%28Rizal%2C_Metro_Manila%3B_2023-08-05%29_E911a_10.jpg/200px-Official_handover_turnover_of_Palarong_Pambansa_Flag_%28Rizal%2C_Metro_Manila%3B_2023-08-05%29_E911a_10.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Official_handover_turnover_of_Palarong_Pambansa_Flag_%28Rizal%2C_Metro_Manila%3B_2023-08-05%29_E911a_10.jpg/300px-Official_handover_turnover_of_Palarong_Pambansa_Flag_%28Rizal%2C_Metro_Manila%3B_2023-08-05%29_E911a_10.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Official_handover_turnover_of_Palarong_Pambansa_Flag_%28Rizal%2C_Metro_Manila%3B_2023-08-05%29_E911a_10.jpg/400px-Official_handover_turnover_of_Palarong_Pambansa_Flag_%28Rizal%2C_Metro_Manila%3B_2023-08-05%29_E911a_10.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3888" /></a><figcaption>Cecilia Araneta-Marcos at <a href="/wiki/Marikina_Sports_Center" title="Marikina Sports Center">Marikina Sports Center</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ilocos_Norte_Capitol_front_sunrise_(JP_Rizal,_Laoag,_Ilocos_Norte;_11-16-2022).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Ilocos_Norte_Capitol_front_sunrise_%28JP_Rizal%2C_Laoag%2C_Ilocos_Norte%3B_11-16-2022%29.jpg/220px-Ilocos_Norte_Capitol_front_sunrise_%28JP_Rizal%2C_Laoag%2C_Ilocos_Norte%3B_11-16-2022%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Ilocos_Norte_Capitol_front_sunrise_%28JP_Rizal%2C_Laoag%2C_Ilocos_Norte%3B_11-16-2022%29.jpg/330px-Ilocos_Norte_Capitol_front_sunrise_%28JP_Rizal%2C_Laoag%2C_Ilocos_Norte%3B_11-16-2022%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Ilocos_Norte_Capitol_front_sunrise_%28JP_Rizal%2C_Laoag%2C_Ilocos_Norte%3B_11-16-2022%29.jpg/440px-Ilocos_Norte_Capitol_front_sunrise_%28JP_Rizal%2C_Laoag%2C_Ilocos_Norte%3B_11-16-2022%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3552" data-file-height="2664" /></a><figcaption>Ilocos Norte Capitol, the seat of the provincial government</figcaption></figure> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="row">Governor </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Manotoc" title="Matthew Manotoc">Matthew Manotoc</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Vice Governor </th> <td>Cecilia Araneta-Marcos </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Representatives </th> <td><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sandro_Marcos" title="Sandro Marcos">Sandro Marcos</a> (<a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Ilocos_Norte" title="Legislative districts of Ilocos Norte">1st District</a>)</li> <li>Eugenio Angelo M. Barba (<a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Ilocos_Norte" title="Legislative districts of Ilocos Norte">2nd District</a>)</li></ul> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Provincial Board Members </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col"> <p><b>1st District:</b> </p> <ul><li>Rodolfo Christian G. Fariñas</li> <li>Saul A. Lazo</li> <li>Franklin Dante A. Respicio</li> <li>Donald G. Nicolas</li> <li>Portia Pamela R. Salenda</li></ul> <p><b>2nd District:</b> </p> <ul><li>Rafael Salvador C. Medina</li> <li>Medeldorf M. Gaoat</li> <li>Aladine T. Santos</li> <li>Giancarlo Angelo S. Crisostomo</li> <li>Jonathan O. Torralba</li></ul> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th>PCL President </th> <td>Handy T. Lao </td></tr> <tr> <th>ABC President </th> <td>Elmer C. Faylogna </td></tr> <tr> <th>SK Federated President </th> <td>Ma. Prila Razelle G. Saymo </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tourism">Tourism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilocos_Norte&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Tourism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kapurpurawan_Rock_Formation.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Kapurpurawan_Rock_Formation.jpg/220px-Kapurpurawan_Rock_Formation.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Kapurpurawan_Rock_Formation.jpg/330px-Kapurpurawan_Rock_Formation.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Kapurpurawan_Rock_Formation.jpg/440px-Kapurpurawan_Rock_Formation.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4021" data-file-height="2262" /></a><figcaption>Kapurpurawan Rock Formation in <a href="/wiki/Burgos,_Ilocos_Norte" title="Burgos, Ilocos Norte">Burgos</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Ilocos Norte is a tourist destination, being the location of Fort Ilocandia, hotel, resort and casino. Built between 1981 and 1983 by the <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Tourism_Authority" class="mw-redirect" title="Philippine Tourism Authority">Philippine Tourism Authority</a>, the Spanish-Moroccan Villa was designed by Architect Jeorge Ramos.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view#Due_and_undue_weight" title="Wikipedia:Neutral point of view"><span title="The material near this tag may be giving undue weight to a viewpoint or idea. (November 2021)">undue weight?</span></a> – <a href="/wiki/Talk:Ilocos_Norte#undue" title="Talk:Ilocos Norte">discuss</a></i>]</sup> The golf course on Paoay Lake was built by Marcos in 1977 and was designed by <a href="/wiki/Gary_Player" title="Gary Player">Gary Player</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view#Due_and_undue_weight" title="Wikipedia:Neutral point of view"><span title="The material near this tag may be giving undue weight to a viewpoint or idea. (November 2021)">undue weight?</span></a> – <a href="/wiki/Talk:Ilocos_Norte#undue" title="Talk:Ilocos Norte">discuss</a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Also of note are the <a href="/wiki/La_Paz_Sand_Dunes" title="La Paz Sand Dunes">La Paz Sand Dunes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malaca%C3%B1ang_of_the_North" title="Malacañang of the North">Malacañang of the North</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cape_Bojeador_Lighthouse" title="Cape Bojeador Lighthouse">Cape Bojeador Lighthouse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bangui_Wind_Farm" title="Bangui Wind Farm">Bangui Wind Farm</a>, Saud Beach in <a href="/wiki/Pagudpud,_Ilocos_Norte" class="mw-redirect" title="Pagudpud, Ilocos Norte">Pagudpud</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Early_Pliocene" class="mw-redirect" title="Early Pliocene">Early Pliocene</a> <a href="/wiki/Calcarenite" title="Calcarenite">calcarenite</a> Kapurpurawan <a href="/wiki/Formation_(geology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Formation (geology)">Burgos Formation</a> which was sculpted by wind and waves.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilocos_Norte&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marcos_family" title="Marcos family">Marcos family</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcos" title="Ferdinand Marcos">Ferdinand Marcos</a> - 10th President of the Philippines</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imelda_Marcos" title="Imelda Marcos">Imelda Marcos</a> - first lady, widow of Ferdinand Marcos</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bongbong_Marcos" title="Bongbong Marcos">Bongbong Marcos</a> - 17th President of the Philippines, son of Ferdinand and Imelda Marcos</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liza_Araneta_Marcos" title="Liza Araneta Marcos">Liza Araneta Marcos</a> - wife of Bongbong Marcos</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imee_Marcos" title="Imee Marcos">Imee Marcos</a> - senator, daughter of Ferdinand and Imelda Marcos</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aimee_Marcos" title="Aimee Marcos">Aimee Marcos</a> - daughter of Ferdinand and Imelda Marcos</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandro_Marcos" title="Sandro Marcos">Sandro Marcos</a> - son of Bongbong and Liza Marcos</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Cimatu" title="Roy Cimatu">Gen. Roy Cimatu</a> - Secretary of <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Environment_and_Natural_Resources" title="Department of Environment and Natural Resources">DENR</a>, 2017-2022 and Chief of Staff of the <a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_the_Philippines" title="Armed Forces of the Philippines">Armed Forces of the Philippines</a>, 2002</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolando_Abadilla" title="Rolando Abadilla">Rolando Abadilla</a> - <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Constabulary" title="Philippine Constabulary">Philippine Constabulary</a> officer, <a href="/wiki/Coup_attempts_against_Corazon_Aquino" title="Coup attempts against Corazon Aquino">coup plotter</a> and Vice Governor of Ilocos Norte (1988-1992)<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linabelle_Villarica" title="Linabelle Villarica">Linabelle Villarica</a> - Filipino politician, Mayor of <a href="/wiki/Meycauayan" title="Meycauayan">Meycauayan, Bulacan</a>, wife of <a href="/wiki/Henry_Villarica" title="Henry Villarica">Henry Villarica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregorio_Aglipay" title="Gregorio Aglipay">Gregorio Aglipay</a> - Co-founder and the First Supreme Bishop of the <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Independent_Church" title="Philippine Independent Church">Philippine Independent Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artemio_Ricarte" title="Artemio Ricarte">Artemio Ricarte</a> - Filipino general during the Philippine Revolution and the Philippine–American War. Considered the "Father of the Philippine Army"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rodolfo_Biazon" title="Rodolfo Biazon">Rodolfo Biazon</a> - Senator of the Philippines from June 30, 1992, up to June 30, 1995, and from June 30, 1998, up to June 30, 2010</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aquilino_Pimentel_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Aquilino Pimentel Jr.">Aquilino "Nene" Pimentel, Jr.</a> - A Filipino politician and human rights lawyer during the <a href="/wiki/Martial_law_under_Ferdinand_Marcos" title="Martial law under Ferdinand Marcos">Martial Law under Marcos administration</a>, former mayor of <a href="/wiki/Cagayan_de_Oro" title="Cagayan de Oro">Cagayan de Oro</a> from 1980 to 1984</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ysabel_Ortega" title="Ysabel Ortega">Ysabel Ortega</a> - actress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mans_Carpio" title="Mans Carpio">Mans Carpio</a> - Second Gentleman Of The <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>, lawyer, and husband of Vice-president <a href="/wiki/Sara_Duterte" title="Sara Duterte">Sara Duterte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fabian_Ver" title="Fabian Ver">Fabian C. Ver</a> - a former General and Chief of the <a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_the_Philippines" title="Armed Forces of the Philippines">Armed Forces of the Philippines</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soledad_Salvador" title="Soledad Salvador">Soledad Salvador</a> - religious worker and activist (1957–1985)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilocos_Norte&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-nscblist-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nscblist_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130117174921/http://nscb.gov.ph/activestats/psgc/listprov.asp">"List of Provinces"</a>. <i>PSGC Interactive</i>. Makati, Philippines: National Statistical Coordination Board. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nscb.gov.ph/activestats/psgc/listprov.asp">the original</a> on January 17, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 26,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PSGC+Interactive&rft.atitle=List+of+Provinces&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nscb.gov.ph%2Factivestats%2Fpsgc%2Flistprov.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIlocos+Norte" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PSA20–01-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PSA20–01_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PSA20–01_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PSA20–01_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCensus_of_Population2020" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Census of Population (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/Region%25201.xlsx">"Region I (Ilocos Region)"</a>. <i>Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay</i>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Statistics_Authority" title="Philippine Statistics Authority">Philippine Statistics Authority</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 8,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Region+I+%28Ilocos+Region%29&rft.btitle=Total+Population+by+Province%2C+City%2C+Municipality+and+Barangay&rft.pub=Philippine+Statistics+Authority&rft.date=2020&rft.au=Census+of+Population&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpsa.gov.ph%2Fsystem%2Ffiles%2Fphcd%2F2022-12%2FRegion%2525201.xlsx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIlocos+Norte" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2019_Philippine_Provincial_HDI-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2019_Philippine_Provincial_HDI_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200617100728/http://openstat.psa.gov.ph/PXWeb/pxweb/en/DB/DB__3E__CH__IP/0023E3D2080.px/?rxid=5bf7d5c2-1a5c-4991-a66d-5a3e07689377">"Gender and Special Population Groups; Provincial Human Development Index"</a>. <i>Philippine Statistics Authority</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://openstat.psa.gov.ph/PXWeb/pxweb/en/DB/DB__3E__CH__IP/0023E3D2080.px/?rxid=5bf7d5c2-1a5c-4991-a66d-5a3e07689377">the original</a> on June 17, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 12,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Statistics+Authority&rft.atitle=Gender+and+Special+Population+Groups%3B+Provincial+Human+Development+Index&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fopenstat.psa.gov.ph%2FPXWeb%2Fpxweb%2Fen%2FDB%2FDB__3E__CH__IP%2F0023E3D2080.px%2F%3Frxid%3D5bf7d5c2-1a5c-4991-a66d-5a3e07689377&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIlocos+Norte" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DoreenFernandezTIKIM-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DoreenFernandezTIKIM_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DoreenFernandezTIKIM_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFernandez2020" class="citation book cs1">Fernandez, Doreen (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1114270889"><i>Tikim : essays on Philippine food and culture</i></a>. Leiden; Boston. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-41479-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-41479-2"><bdi>978-90-04-41479-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1114270889">1114270889</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tikim+%3A+essays+on+Philippine+food+and+culture&rft.place=Leiden%3B+Boston&rft.date=2020&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1114270889&rft.isbn=978-90-04-41479-2&rft.aulast=Fernandez&rft.aufirst=Doreen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F1114270889&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIlocos+Norte" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://museoilocosnorte.com/the-museum/featured-exhibits/damili/">"Damili"</a>. 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January 15, 1988.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Tribune&rft.atitle=REBEL+RUNS+CAMPAIGN+FROM+JAIL&rft.date=1988-01-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.chicagotribune.com%2F1988%2F01%2F15%2Frebel-runs-campaign-from-jail%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIlocos+Norte" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCoy" class="citation book cs1">McCoy, Alfred. "Impunity". <i>Closer than Brothers: Manhood at the Philippine Military Academy</i>. Anvil Publishing. p. 330.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Impunity&rft.btitle=Closer+than+Brothers%3A+Manhood+at+the+Philippine+Military+Academy&rft.pages=330&rft.pub=Anvil+Publishing&rft.aulast=McCoy&rft.aufirst=Alfred&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIlocos+Norte" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilocos_Norte&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><b>Map all coordinates using</b> <a class="external text" href="https://tools.wmflabs.org/osm4wiki/cgi-bin/wiki/wiki-osm.pl?project=en&article=Ilocos_Norte">OpenStreetMap</a> <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" data-expandtext="show links" data-collapsetext="Hide"> <p><b>Download coordinates as:</b> </p> <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a class="external text" href="https://tools.wmflabs.org/kmlexport?article=Ilocos_Norte">KML</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://geoexport.toolforge.org/gpx?coprimary=all&titles=Ilocos_Norte">GPX (all coordinates)</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://geoexport.toolforge.org/gpx?coprimary=primary&titles=Ilocos_Norte">GPX (primary coordinates)</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://geoexport.toolforge.org/gpx?coprimary=secondary&titles=Ilocos_Norte">GPX (secondary coordinates)</a></li></ul> </div> </div></div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ilocos_Norte" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Ilocos Norte">Ilocos Norte</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/16px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/24px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/32px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="256" data-file-height="256" /></span></span> Geographic data related to <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/1504744">Ilocos Norte</a> at <a href="/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap">OpenStreetMap</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ilocosnorte.gov.ph">Ilocos Norte Official Website</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Places_adjacent_to_Ilocos_Norte" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Adjacent_communities" title="Template:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Adjacent_communities" title="Template talk:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Adjacent_communities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Places_adjacent_to_Ilocos_Norte" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Places adjacent to Ilocos Norte</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><table role="presentation" style="width:100%; margin:0; text-align:center;"><tbody><tr> <td></td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/South_China_Sea" title="South China Sea">South China Sea</a></i></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cagayan" title="Cagayan">Cagayan</a></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="North"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/14px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/21px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/28px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td style="width:33%"><i><a href="/wiki/South_China_Sea" title="South China Sea">South China Sea</a></i></td> <td style="width:33%;"> <div style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span title="West"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/17px-Pfeil_links.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/25px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/34px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></span></span><b style="display:inline-block; vertical-align:middle; margin:0.75em 1em">Ilocos Norte</b><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span title="East"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/17px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/25px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/34px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td style="width:33%"><a href="/wiki/Apayao" title="Apayao">Apayao</a></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="South"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/14px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/21px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/28px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ilocos_Sur" title="Ilocos Sur">Ilocos Sur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Abra_(province)" title="Abra (province)">Abra</a></td> <td></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_Province_of_Ilocos_Norte" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ilocos_Norte" title="Template:Ilocos Norte"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ilocos_Norte" title="Template talk:Ilocos Norte"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ilocos_Norte" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ilocos Norte"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_Province_of_Ilocos_Norte" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Ph_Flag_of_Ilocos_Norte.png/23px-Ph_Flag_of_Ilocos_Norte.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Ph_Flag_of_Ilocos_Norte.png/35px-Ph_Flag_of_Ilocos_Norte.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Ph_Flag_of_Ilocos_Norte.png/46px-Ph_Flag_of_Ilocos_Norte.png 2x" data-file-width="432" data-file-height="217" /></span></span></span> Province of <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ilocos Norte</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><a href="/wiki/Laoag" title="Laoag">Laoag</a></b> (capital and largest city)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_Philippines" title="Municipalities of the Philippines">Municipalities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adams,_Ilocos_Norte" title="Adams, Ilocos Norte">Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bacarra" title="Bacarra">Bacarra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Badoc" title="Badoc">Badoc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangui,_Ilocos_Norte" title="Bangui, Ilocos Norte">Bangui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banna,_Ilocos_Norte" title="Banna, Ilocos Norte">Banna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burgos,_Ilocos_Norte" title="Burgos, Ilocos Norte">Burgos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carasi" title="Carasi">Carasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Currimao" title="Currimao">Currimao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dingras" title="Dingras">Dingras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dumalneg" title="Dumalneg">Dumalneg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcos,_Ilocos_Norte" title="Marcos, Ilocos Norte">Marcos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nueva_Era,_Ilocos_Norte" title="Nueva Era, Ilocos Norte">Nueva Era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pagudpud" title="Pagudpud">Pagudpud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paoay" title="Paoay">Paoay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasuquin" title="Pasuquin">Pasuquin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piddig" title="Piddig">Piddig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinili" title="Pinili">Pinili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Nicolas,_Ilocos_Norte" title="San Nicolas, Ilocos Norte">San Nicolas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarrat" title="Sarrat">Sarrat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solsona,_Ilocos_Norte" title="Solsona, Ilocos Norte">Solsona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vintar" title="Vintar">Vintar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cities_of_the_Philippines#Classification" title="Cities of the Philippines">Component cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Batac" title="Batac">Batac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laoag" title="Laoag">Laoag</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_barangays_in_Ilocos_Norte" title="List of barangays in Ilocos Norte">Barangays</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><i>See: <a href="/wiki/List_of_barangays_in_Ilocos_Norte" title="List of barangays in Ilocos Norte">List of barangays in Ilocos Norte</a></i></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Articles_related_to_Ilocos_Norte" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Articles_related_to_Ilocos_Norte" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Articles related to Ilocos Norte</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ilocos_Region_(Region_I)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ilocos_Region" title="Template:Ilocos Region"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ilocos_Region" title="Template talk:Ilocos Region"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ilocos_Region" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ilocos Region"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ilocos_Region_(Region_I)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ilocos_Region" title="Ilocos Region">Ilocos Region (Region I)</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_the_Philippines" title="Regions of the Philippines">Regional center</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/San_Fernando,_La_Union" title="San Fernando, La Union">San Fernando</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ph_ilocos.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Ph_ilocos.png/150px-Ph_ilocos.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="329" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Ph_ilocos.png/225px-Ph_ilocos.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/Ph_ilocos.png 2x" data-file-width="295" data-file-height="647" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_the_Philippines" title="Provinces of the Philippines">Provinces</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ilocos Norte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilocos_Sur" title="Ilocos Sur">Ilocos Sur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Union" title="La Union">La Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pangasinan" title="Pangasinan">Pangasinan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cities_of_the_Philippines#Independent_cities" title="Cities of the Philippines">Independent component city</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dagupan" title="Dagupan">Dagupan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cities_of_the_Philippines#Classifiction" title="Cities of the Philippines">Component cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alaminos,_Pangasinan" title="Alaminos, Pangasinan">Alaminos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batac" title="Batac">Batac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candon" title="Candon">Candon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laoag" title="Laoag">Laoag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Carlos,_Pangasinan" title="San Carlos, Pangasinan">San Carlos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Fernando,_La_Union" title="San Fernando, La Union">San Fernando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urdaneta,_Pangasinan" title="Urdaneta, Pangasinan">Urdaneta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vigan" title="Vigan">Vigan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Template:Philippines_Provincial_Capitals" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Philippines Provincial Capitals">Provincial capitals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Laoag" title="Laoag">Laoag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingayen" title="Lingayen">Lingayen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Fernando,_La_Union" title="San Fernando, La Union">San Fernando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vigan" title="Vigan">Vigan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_Philippines" title="Municipalities of the Philippines">Municipalities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adams,_Ilocos_Norte" title="Adams, Ilocos Norte">Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agno,_Pangasinan" title="Agno, Pangasinan">Agno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agoo" title="Agoo">Agoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aguilar,_Pangasinan" title="Aguilar, Pangasinan">Aguilar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcala,_Pangasinan" title="Alcala, Pangasinan">Alcala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alilem" title="Alilem">Alilem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anda,_Pangasinan" title="Anda, Pangasinan">Anda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aringay" title="Aringay">Aringay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asingan" title="Asingan">Asingan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bacarra" title="Bacarra">Bacarra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bacnotan" title="Bacnotan">Bacnotan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Badoc" title="Badoc">Badoc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagulin" title="Bagulin">Bagulin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balaoan" title="Balaoan">Balaoan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balungao" title="Balungao">Balungao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banayoyo" title="Banayoyo">Banayoyo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangar,_La_Union" title="Bangar, La Union">Bangar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangui,_Ilocos_Norte" title="Bangui, Ilocos Norte">Bangui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bani,_Pangasinan" title="Bani, Pangasinan">Bani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banna,_Ilocos_Norte" title="Banna, Ilocos Norte">Banna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantay" title="Bantay">Bantay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basista" title="Basista">Basista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bauang" title="Bauang">Bauang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bautista,_Pangasinan" title="Bautista, Pangasinan">Bautista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayambang" title="Bayambang">Bayambang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Binalonan" title="Binalonan">Binalonan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Binmaley" title="Binmaley">Binmaley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolinao,_Pangasinan" class="mw-redirect" title="Bolinao, Pangasinan">Bolinao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bugallon" title="Bugallon">Bugallon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burgos,_Ilocos_Norte" title="Burgos, Ilocos Norte">Burgos (Ilocos Norte)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burgos,_Ilocos_Sur" title="Burgos, Ilocos Sur">Burgos (Ilocos Sur)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burgos,_La_Union" title="Burgos, La Union">Burgos (La Union)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burgos,_Pangasinan" title="Burgos, Pangasinan">Burgos (Pangasinan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caba,_La_Union" title="Caba, La Union">Caba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabugao" title="Cabugao">Cabugao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calasiao" title="Calasiao">Calasiao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caoayan" title="Caoayan">Caoayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carasi" title="Carasi">Carasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cervantes,_Ilocos_Sur" title="Cervantes, Ilocos Sur">Cervantes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Currimao" title="Currimao">Currimao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dasol" title="Dasol">Dasol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dingras" title="Dingras">Dingras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dumalneg" title="Dumalneg">Dumalneg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galimuyod" title="Galimuyod">Galimuyod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregorio_del_Pilar,_Ilocos_Sur" title="Gregorio del Pilar, Ilocos Sur">Gregorio del Pilar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infanta,_Pangasinan" title="Infanta, Pangasinan">Infanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labrador,_Pangasinan" title="Labrador, Pangasinan">Labrador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laoac" title="Laoac">Laoac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lidlidda" title="Lidlidda">Lidlidda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingayen" title="Lingayen">Lingayen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna,_La_Union" title="Luna, La Union">Luna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mabini,_Pangasinan" title="Mabini, Pangasinan">Mabini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magsingal" title="Magsingal">Magsingal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malasiqui" title="Malasiqui">Malasiqui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manaoag" title="Manaoag">Manaoag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mangaldan" title="Mangaldan">Mangaldan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mangatarem" title="Mangatarem">Mangatarem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mapandan" title="Mapandan">Mapandan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcos,_Ilocos_Norte" title="Marcos, Ilocos Norte">Marcos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagbukel" title="Nagbukel">Nagbukel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naguilian,_La_Union" title="Naguilian, La Union">Naguilian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narvacan" title="Narvacan">Narvacan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natividad,_Pangasinan" title="Natividad, Pangasinan">Natividad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nueva_Era,_Ilocos_Norte" title="Nueva Era, Ilocos Norte">Nueva Era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pagudpud" title="Pagudpud">Pagudpud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paoay" title="Paoay">Paoay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasuquin" title="Pasuquin">Pasuquin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piddig" title="Piddig">Piddig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinili" title="Pinili">Pinili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pozorrubio,_Pangasinan" class="mw-redirect" title="Pozorrubio, Pangasinan">Pozorrubio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pugo,_La_Union" title="Pugo, La Union">Pugo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quirino,_Ilocos_Sur" title="Quirino, Ilocos Sur">Quirino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosales,_Pangasinan" title="Rosales, Pangasinan">Rosales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosario,_La_Union" title="Rosario, La Union">Rosario</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salcedo,_Ilocos_Sur" title="Salcedo, Ilocos Sur">Salcedo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Emilio,_Ilocos_Sur" class="mw-redirect" title="San Emilio, Ilocos Sur">San Emilio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Esteban,_Ilocos_Sur" title="San Esteban, Ilocos Sur">San Esteban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Fabian,_Pangasinan" title="San Fabian, Pangasinan">San Fabian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Gabriel,_La_Union" title="San Gabriel, La Union">San Gabriel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Ildefonso,_Ilocos_Sur" title="San Ildefonso, Ilocos Sur">San Ildefonso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Jacinto,_Pangasinan" title="San Jacinto, Pangasinan">San Jacinto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Juan,_Ilocos_Sur" title="San Juan, Ilocos Sur">San Juan (Ilocos Sur)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Juan,_La_Union" title="San Juan, La Union">San Juan (La Union)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Manuel,_Pangasinan" title="San Manuel, Pangasinan">San Manuel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Nicolas,_Ilocos_Norte" title="San Nicolas, Ilocos Norte">San Nicolas (Ilocos Norte)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Nicolas,_Pangasinan" title="San Nicolas, Pangasinan">San Nicolas (Pangasinan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Quintin,_Pangasinan" title="San Quintin, Pangasinan">San Quintin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Vicente,_Ilocos_Sur" title="San Vicente, Ilocos Sur">San Vicente</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa,_Ilocos_Sur" title="Santa, Ilocos Sur">Santa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Barbara,_Pangasinan" title="Santa Barbara, Pangasinan">Santa Barbara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Catalina,_Ilocos_Sur" title="Santa Catalina, Ilocos Sur">Santa Catalina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz,_Ilocos_Sur" title="Santa Cruz, Ilocos Sur">Santa Cruz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Lucia,_Ilocos_Sur" title="Santa Lucia, Ilocos Sur">Santa Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria,_Ilocos_Sur" title="Santa Maria, Ilocos Sur">Santa Maria (Ilocos Sur)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria,_Pangasinan" title="Santa Maria, Pangasinan">Santa Maria (Pangasinan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santiago,_Ilocos_Sur" title="Santiago, Ilocos Sur">Santiago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santo_Domingo,_Ilocos_Sur" title="Santo Domingo, Ilocos Sur">Santo Domingo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santo_Tomas,_La_Union" title="Santo Tomas, La Union">Santo Tomas (La Union)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santo_Tomas,_Pangasinan" title="Santo Tomas, Pangasinan">Santo Tomas (Pangasinan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santol,_La_Union" title="Santol, La Union">Santol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarrat" title="Sarrat">Sarrat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigay" title="Sigay">Sigay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinait" title="Sinait">Sinait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sison,_Pangasinan" title="Sison, Pangasinan">Sison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solsona,_Ilocos_Norte" title="Solsona, Ilocos Norte">Solsona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sual,_Pangasinan" class="mw-redirect" title="Sual, Pangasinan">Sual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudipen" title="Sudipen">Sudipen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sugpon" title="Sugpon">Sugpon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suyo,_Ilocos_Sur" title="Suyo, Ilocos Sur">Suyo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tagudin" title="Tagudin">Tagudin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tayug" title="Tayug">Tayug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tubao" title="Tubao">Tubao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umingan" title="Umingan">Umingan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urbiztondo,_Pangasinan" class="mw-redirect" title="Urbiztondo, Pangasinan">Urbiztondo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villasis" title="Villasis">Villasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vintar" title="Vintar">Vintar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><a href="/wiki/Luzon" title="Luzon">Luzon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of the Philippines">Republic of the Philippines</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Provinces_of_the_Philippines" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a 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<li><a href="/wiki/Agusan_del_Norte" title="Agusan del Norte">Agusan del Norte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agusan_del_Sur" title="Agusan del Sur">Agusan del Sur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aklan" title="Aklan">Aklan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albay" title="Albay">Albay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antique_(province)" title="Antique (province)">Antique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apayao" title="Apayao">Apayao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aurora_(province)" title="Aurora (province)">Aurora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basilan" title="Basilan">Basilan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bataan" title="Bataan">Bataan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batanes" title="Batanes">Batanes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batangas" title="Batangas">Batangas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benguet" title="Benguet">Benguet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biliran" title="Biliran">Biliran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bohol" title="Bohol">Bohol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bukidnon" title="Bukidnon">Bukidnon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulacan" title="Bulacan">Bulacan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cagayan" title="Cagayan">Cagayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camarines_Norte" title="Camarines Norte">Camarines Norte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camarines_Sur" title="Camarines Sur">Camarines Sur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camiguin" title="Camiguin">Camiguin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capiz" title="Capiz">Capiz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catanduanes" title="Catanduanes">Catanduanes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cavite" title="Cavite">Cavite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cebu" title="Cebu">Cebu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cotabato" title="Cotabato">Cotabato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davao_de_Oro" title="Davao de Oro">Davao de Oro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davao_del_Norte" title="Davao del Norte">Davao del Norte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davao_del_Sur" title="Davao del Sur">Davao del Sur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davao_Occidental" title="Davao Occidental">Davao Occidental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davao_Oriental" title="Davao Oriental">Davao Oriental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dinagat_Islands" title="Dinagat Islands">Dinagat Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Samar" title="Eastern Samar">Eastern Samar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guimaras" title="Guimaras">Guimaras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ifugao" title="Ifugao">Ifugao</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ilocos Norte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilocos_Sur" title="Ilocos Sur">Ilocos Sur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iloilo" title="Iloilo">Iloilo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabela_(province)" title="Isabela (province)">Isabela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalinga_(province)" title="Kalinga (province)">Kalinga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Union" title="La Union">La Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laguna_(province)" title="Laguna (province)">Laguna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanao_del_Norte" title="Lanao del Norte">Lanao del Norte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanao_del_Sur" title="Lanao del Sur">Lanao del Sur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leyte_(province)" title="Leyte (province)">Leyte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maguindanao_del_Norte" title="Maguindanao del Norte">Maguindanao del Norte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maguindanao_del_Sur" title="Maguindanao del Sur">Maguindanao del Sur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marinduque" title="Marinduque">Marinduque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masbate" title="Masbate">Masbate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misamis_Occidental" title="Misamis Occidental">Misamis Occidental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misamis_Oriental" title="Misamis Oriental">Misamis Oriental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_Province" title="Mountain Province">Mountain Province</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negros_Occidental" title="Negros Occidental">Negros Occidental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negros_Oriental" title="Negros Oriental">Negros Oriental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Samar" title="Northern Samar">Northern Samar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nueva_Ecija" title="Nueva Ecija">Nueva Ecija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nueva_Vizcaya" title="Nueva Vizcaya">Nueva Vizcaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occidental_Mindoro" title="Occidental Mindoro">Occidental Mindoro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oriental_Mindoro" title="Oriental Mindoro">Oriental Mindoro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palawan" title="Palawan">Palawan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pampanga" title="Pampanga">Pampanga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pangasinan" title="Pangasinan">Pangasinan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quezon" title="Quezon">Quezon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quirino" title="Quirino">Quirino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rizal_(province)" title="Rizal (province)">Rizal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romblon" title="Romblon">Romblon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samar_(province)" title="Samar (province)">Samar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarangani" title="Sarangani">Sarangani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siquijor" title="Siquijor">Siquijor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorsogon" title="Sorsogon">Sorsogon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Cotabato" title="South Cotabato">South Cotabato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Leyte" title="Southern Leyte">Southern Leyte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultan_Kudarat" title="Sultan Kudarat">Sultan Kudarat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulu" title="Sulu">Sulu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surigao_del_Norte" title="Surigao del Norte">Surigao del Norte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surigao_del_Sur" title="Surigao del Sur">Surigao del Sur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarlac" title="Tarlac">Tarlac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tawi-Tawi" title="Tawi-Tawi">Tawi-Tawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zambales" title="Zambales">Zambales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zamboanga_del_Norte" title="Zamboanga del Norte">Zamboanga del Norte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zamboanga_del_Sur" title="Zamboanga del Sur">Zamboanga del Sur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zamboanga_Sibugay" title="Zamboanga Sibugay">Zamboanga Sibugay</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Philippines_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Philippines_topics" title="Template:Philippines topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Philippines_topics" title="Template talk:Philippines topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Philippines_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Philippines topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Philippines_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a> articles</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Philippines" title="History of the Philippines">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Overviews</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archaeology_of_the_Philippines" title="Archaeology of the Philippines">Archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_the_Philippines" title="Economic history of the Philippines">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_the_Philippines" title="Military history of the Philippines">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_history_of_the_Philippines" title="Political history of the Philippines">Political</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Philippine_history" title="Timeline of Philippine history">Chronology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prehistory_of_the_Philippines" title="Prehistory of the Philippines">Prehistory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Philippines_(900%E2%80%931565)" title="History of the Philippines (900–1565)">Pre-colonial era</a></li> <li>Colonial era <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Philippines_(1565%E2%80%931898)" title="History of the Philippines (1565–1898)">Spanish period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Philippines_(1898%E2%80%931946)" title="History of the Philippines (1898–1946)">American period</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_occupation_of_the_Philippines" title="Japanese occupation of the Philippines">Japanese occupation</a></li> <li>Postcolonial era <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Philippines_(1946%E2%80%931965)" title="History of the Philippines (1946–1965)">Third Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Philippines_(1965%E2%80%931986)" title="History of the Philippines (1965–1986)">Marcos presidency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Philippines_(1986%E2%80%93present)" title="History of the Philippines (1986–present)">Fifth Republic</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_the_Philippines" title="Geography of the Philippines">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_bays_of_the_Philippines" title="List of bays of the Philippines">Bays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biosphere_reserves_of_the_Philippines" title="Biosphere reserves of the Philippines">Biosphere reserves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borders_of_the_Philippines" title="Borders of the Philippines">Borders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_the_Philippines" title="Climate of the Philippines">Climate</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_the_Philippines" title="Climate change in the Philippines">Climate change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Typhoons_in_the_Philippines" title="Typhoons in the Philippines">Typhoons</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_the_Philippines" title="List of earthquakes in the Philippines">Earthquakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecoregions_in_the_Philippines" title="Ecoregions in the Philippines">Ecoregions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extreme_points_of_the_Philippines" title="Extreme points of the Philippines">Extreme points</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Island_groups_of_the_Philippines" title="Island groups of the Philippines">Island groups</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_the_Philippines" title="List of islands of the Philippines">islands</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_of_the_Philippines" title="List of lakes of the Philippines">Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountains_in_the_Philippines" title="List of mountains in the Philippines">Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_protected_areas_of_the_Philippines" title="List of protected areas of the Philippines">Protected areas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_parks_of_the_Philippines" title="List of national parks of the Philippines">National parks</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Ramsar_sites_in_the_Philippines" title="List of Ramsar sites in the Philippines">Ramsar sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_the_Philippines" title="List of rivers of the Philippines">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_active_volcanoes_in_the_Philippines" title="List of active volcanoes in the Philippines">Volcanoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_the_Philippines" title="Wildlife of the Philippines">Wildlife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_the_Philippines" title="List of World Heritage Sites in the Philippines">World Heritage Sites</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_Philippines" title="Politics of the Philippines">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_the_Philippines" title="Administrative divisions of the Philippines">Administrative divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Philippines" title="Constitution of the Philippines">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_Philippines" title="Elections in the Philippines">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_Philippines" title="Foreign relations of the Philippines">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_the_Philippines" title="Human rights in the Philippines">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in the Philippines">LGBT</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_legal_codes" title="Philippine legal codes">Legal codes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_families_in_the_Philippines" title="List of political families in the Philippines">Political families</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_the_Philippines" title="List of political parties in the Philippines">Political parties</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Government" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_Philippines" title="Government of the Philippines">Government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Executive <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_the_Philippines" title="Cabinet of the Philippines">Cabinet</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cabinets_of_the_Philippines" title="List of cabinets of the Philippines">lists</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_departments_of_the_Philippines" title="Executive departments of the Philippines">Executive departments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines" title="Office of the President of the Philippines">Executive office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_National_Police" title="Philippine National Police">Law enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Philippines" title="President of the Philippines">President</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_the_Philippines" title="Congress of the Philippines">Legislative</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_the_Philippines" title="Senate of the Philippines">Senate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines" title="House of Representatives of the Philippines">House of Representatives</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_the_Philippines" title="Judiciary of the Philippines">Judicial</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_Philippines" title="Supreme Court of the Philippines">Supreme Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Court_of_Appeals_of_the_Philippines" title="Court of Appeals of the Philippines">Court of Appeals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_Trial_Court" title="Regional Trial Court">Regional Trial Court</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_the_Philippines" title="Armed Forces of the Philippines">Armed Forces</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Air_Force" title="Philippine Air Force">Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Army" title="Philippine Army">Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Navy" title="Philippine Navy">Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Marine_Corps" title="Philippine Marine Corps">Marine Corps</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Coast_Guard" title="Philippine Coast Guard">Coast Guard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Philippines" title="Economy of the Philippines">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_the_Philippines" title="Agriculture in the Philippines">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_the_Philippines" title="Automotive industry in the Philippines">Automotive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Business_process_outsourcing_in_the_Philippines" title="Business process outsourcing in the Philippines">Business process outsourcing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Census_in_the_Philippines" title="Census in the Philippines">Census</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangko_Sentral_ng_Pilipinas" title="Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas">Central bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Child_labor_in_the_Philippines" title="Child labor in the Philippines">Child labor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_the_Philippines" title="Energy in the Philippines">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiscal_policy_of_the_Philippines" title="Fiscal policy of the Philippines">Fiscal policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_debt_of_the_Philippines" title="National debt of the Philippines">National debt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labor_policy_in_the_Philippines" title="Labor policy in the Philippines">Labor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_peso" title="Philippine peso">Peso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_the_Philippines" title="Science and technology in the Philippines">Science and technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Stock_Exchange" title="Philippine Stock Exchange">Stock exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_the_Philippines" title="Taxation in the Philippines">Taxation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_the_Philippines" title="Telecommunications in the Philippines">Telecommunications</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_the_Philippines" title="Telephone numbers in the Philippines">Telephone numbers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_the_Philippines" title="Tourism in the Philippines">Tourism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_the_Philippines" title="List of tourist attractions in the Philippines">Tourist attractions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_the_Philippines" title="Transportation in the Philippines">Transportation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_supply_and_sanitation_in_the_Philippines" title="Water supply and sanitation in the Philippines">Water and sanitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ZIP_codes_in_the_Philippines" title="ZIP codes in the Philippines">ZIP codes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_the_Philippines" title="Category:Society of the Philippines">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_the_Philippines" title="Abortion in the Philippines">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_the_Philippines" title="Censorship in the Philippines">Censorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corruption_in_the_Philippines" title="Corruption in the Philippines">Corruption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_the_Philippines" title="Crime in the Philippines">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Philippines" title="Demographics of the Philippines">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divorce_in_the_Philippines" title="Divorce in the Philippines">Divorce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_the_Philippines" title="Education in the Philippines">Education</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Higher_education_in_the_Philippines" title="Higher education in the Philippines">Higher education</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_issues_in_the_Philippines" title="Environmental issues in the Philippines">Environmental issues</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_the_Philippines" title="Climate change in the Philippines">Climate change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deforestation_in_the_Philippines" title="Deforestation in the Philippines">Deforestation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_groups_in_the_Philippines" title="Ethnic groups in the Philippines">Ethnic groups</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Philippines" title="Indigenous peoples of the Philippines">Indigenous peoples</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genetic_studies_on_Filipinos" title="Genetic studies on Filipinos">Genetics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_in_the_Philippines" title="Health in the Philippines">Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_trafficking_in_the_Philippines" title="Human trafficking in the Philippines">Human trafficking</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sex_trafficking_in_the_Philippines" title="Sex trafficking in the Philippines">Sex trafficking</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_the_Philippines" title="Immigration to the Philippines">Immigration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Income_inequality_in_the_Philippines" title="Income inequality in the Philippines">Income inequality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_kinship" title="Philippine kinship">Kinship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_the_Philippines" title="Languages of the Philippines">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overseas_Filipino_Worker" title="Overseas Filipino Worker">Overseas workers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poverty_in_the_Philippines" title="Poverty in the Philippines">Poverty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_Philippines" title="Prostitution in the Philippines">Prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refugees_of_the_Philippines" title="Refugees of the Philippines">Refugees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Philippines" title="Religion in the Philippines">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexuality_in_the_Philippines" title="Sexuality in the Philippines">Sexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squatting_in_the_Philippines" title="Squatting in the Philippines">Squatting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_the_Philippines" title="Women in the Philippines">Women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinoy" title="Pinoy">Pinoy</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_the_Philippines" title="Culture of the Philippines">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_the_Philippines" title="Architecture of the Philippines">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arts_in_the_Philippines" title="Arts in the Philippines">Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_the_Philippines" title="Cinema of the Philippines">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filipino_cuisine" title="Filipino cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_Cultural_Properties_of_the_Philippines" title="Lists of Cultural Properties of the Philippines">Cultural properties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dance_in_the_Philippines" title="Dance in the Philippines">Dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_and_clothing_in_the_Philippines" title="Fashion and clothing in the Philippines">Fashion and clothing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_markers_of_the_Philippines" title="Historical markers of the Philippines">Historical markers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Filipino_inventions_and_discoveries" title="List of Filipino inventions and discoveries">Inventions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_literature" title="Philippine literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_the_Philippines" title="Mass media in the Philippines">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Philippines" title="Music of the Philippines">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_mythology" title="Philippine mythology">Mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Names_of_the_Philippines" title="Names of the Philippines">Name</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_the_Philippines" title="Public holidays in the Philippines">Public holidays</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_festivals_in_the_Philippines" title="List of festivals in the Philippines">Festivals</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filipino_psychology" title="Filipino psychology">Psychology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_in_the_Philippines" title="Sports in the Philippines">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_games_in_the_Philippines" title="Traditional games in the Philippines">Traditional games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filipino_values" title="Filipino values">Value system</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_the_Philippines" title="National symbols of the Philippines">Symbols</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lupang_Hinirang" title="Lupang Hinirang">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_eagle" title="Philippine eagle">Bird</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Philippines" title="Coat of arms of the Philippines">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_Philippines" title="Flag of the Philippines">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jasminum_sambac" title="Jasminum sambac">Flower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinctada_maxima" title="Pinctada maxima">Gem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Seal_of_the_Philippines" title="Great Seal of the Philippines">Great Seal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filipino_language" title="Filipino language">Language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maka-Diyos,_Maka-tao,_Makakalikasan_at_Makabansa" title="Maka-Diyos, Maka-tao, Makakalikasan at Makabansa">Motto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filipino_Sign_Language" title="Filipino Sign Language">Sign language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnis" title="Arnis">Sport and martial art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pterocarpus_indicus" title="Pterocarpus indicus">Tree</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_Philippines" title="Outline of the Philippines">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_the_Philippines" title="Bibliography of the Philippines">Bibliography</a></li></ul> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/16px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="8" 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