Sinogram Interpolation Inspired by Single-Image Super Resolution

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usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message"> Name must be less than 100 characters </div> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap existing-collections-controls"> <label for="collections-action-panel-add-to-existing" class="action-panel-label"> Choose a collection: </label> <select id="collections-action-panel-add-to-existing" class="action-panel-selector collections-action-add-to-existing" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="select_collection" data-ga-label="($('#collections-action-add-to-existing').val() === 'Favorites') ? 'Favorites' : 'non_favorites_collection'"> </select> <div class="collections-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message"> Unable to load your collection due to an error<br> <a href="#">Please try again</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="action-panel-actions"> <button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Adding..." data-pinger-ignore data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="collections" data-ga-label="add"> Add </button> <button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Add to Collections' panel" ref="linksrc=close_collections_panel" aria-controls="collections-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="collections" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div id="bibliography-action-panel" class="bibliography-action-panel action-panel in-progress-dots-panel" aria-hidden="true" data-bibliography-open-panel-enabled="false" data-bibliography-open-panel-url-hash="#open-bibliography-panel"> <div class="inner-wrap"> <h3 class="action-panel-heading"> Add to My Bibliography </h3> <form id="bibliography-action-panel-form" class="bibliography-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form action-panel-smaller-selectors" data-add-to-bibliography-max-amount="100" data-add-to-bibliography-batch-size="10" data-bibliography-delegates-url="/list-bibliography-delegates/" data-add-to-bibliography-url="/add-to-bibliography/" data-get-article-ids-by-search-url="/get-article-ids-by-search/" data-mybib-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/collections/mybibliography/"> <input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="wF1gr9jBdRpKah2Yid8fBoRVNH5knS3yzkf8Ajrj7xrTh6AyaK805YC597fYrGPZ"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap bibliographies-controls"> <div class="choice-group"> <ul class="bibliographies-action-add radio-group-items"> <li> <input name="bibliography" id="my-bibliography" class="my-bibliography" type="radio" checked/> <label for="my-bibliography">My Bibliography</label> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="bibliographies-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message"> Unable to load your delegates due to an error<br> <a href="#">Please try again</a> </div> <div class="action-panel-actions"> <button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Adding..." data-pinger-ignore> Add </button> <button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Add to bibliography' panel" ref="linksrc=close_bibliography_panel" aria-controls="bibliography-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="mybib" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div id="saved-search-action-panel" class="saved-search-action-panel action-panel " aria-hidden="true" data-saved-search-open-panel-enabled="false" data-saved-search-open-panel-url-hash="#open-saved-search-panel"> <div class="inner-wrap"> <h2 class="action-panel-heading"> Your saved search </h2> <form id="saved-search-action-panel-form" class="saved-search-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form" data-create-saved-search-url="/create-saved-search/" data-try-search-terms-url="/try-search-term/" data-saved-search-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/searches/"> <input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="wF1gr9jBdRpKah2Yid8fBoRVNH5knS3yzkf8Ajrj7xrTh6AyaK805YC597fYrGPZ"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label for="saved-search-name" class="action-panel-label saved-search-name-label required-field-asterisk"> Name of saved search: </label> <input maxlength="200" type="text" name="saved-search-name" id="saved-search-name" class="saved-search-name" value="" required pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/"> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label for="saved-search-term" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk"> Search terms: </label> <textarea name="saved-search-term" id="saved-search-term" class="saved-search-term" required></textarea> </div> <div class="test-search-term-wrap"> <a href="#" class="try-search-term">Test search terms</a> </div> <div class="choice-group action-panel-extra-margin-top"> <span class="action-panel-label" id="fieldset-label"> Would you like email updates of new search results? </span> <fieldset id="saved-search-alert" aria-describedby="fieldset-label"> <legend class="usa-sr-only">Saved Search Alert Radio Buttons</legend> <ul class="radio-group-items"> <li> <input type="radio" id="saved-search-alert-yes" class="saved-search-alert-yes" name="saved-search-alert" value="yes" checked> <label for="saved-search-alert-yes" class="action-panel-label">Yes</label> </li> <li> <input aria-label="No radio input" type="radio" id="saved-search-alert-no" class="saved-search-alert-no" name="saved-search-alert" value="no"> <label for="saved-search-alert-no" class="action-panel-label">No</label> </li> </ul> </fieldset> </div> <div class="alert-schedule-wrap"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label class="action-panel-label"> Email: </label> <span aria-label="Email address" id="saved-search-email" class="action-panel-label"><span class="action-panel-label-bold"></span> (<a class="myncbi-account-settings" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/account/settings/">change</a>)</span> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap action-panel-extra-margin-top"> <label for="saved-search-frequency" class="action-panel-label"> Frequency: </label> <select id="saved-search-frequency" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-frequency"> <option value="monthly">Monthly</option> <option value="weekly">Weekly</option> <option value="daily">Daily</option> </select> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap saved-search-monthly-additional"> <label for="saved-search-monthly-on-day" class="action-panel-label"> Which day? </label> <select id="saved-search-monthly-on-day" class="no-border-panel-selector"> <option value="Sunday">The first Sunday</option> <option value="Monday">The first Monday</option> <option value="Tuesday">The first Tuesday</option> <option value="Wednesday">The first Wednesday</option> <option value="Thursday">The first Thursday</option> <option value="Friday">The first Friday</option> <option value="Saturday">The first Saturday</option> <option value="day">The first day</option> <option value="weekday">The first weekday</option> </select> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap saved-search-weekly-additional"> <label for="saved-search-weekly-on-day" class="action-panel-label"> Which day? </label> <select id="saved-search-weekly-on-day" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-weekly-on-day"> <option value="Sunday">Sunday</option> <option value="Monday">Monday</option> <option value="Tuesday">Tuesday</option> <option value="Wednesday">Wednesday</option> <option value="Thursday">Thursday</option> <option value="Friday">Friday</option> <option value="Saturday">Saturday</option> </select> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label for="saved-search-report" class="action-panel-label"> Report format: </label> <select id="saved-search-report" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-report"> <option value="DocSum">Summary</option> <option value="DocSumText">Summary (text)</option> <option value="Abstract">Abstract</option> <option value="AbstractText">Abstract (text)</option> <option value="MEDLINE">PubMed</option> </select> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label for="saved-search-amount" class="action-panel-label"> Send at most: </label> <select id="saved-search-amount" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-amount"> <option value="1">1 item</option> <option value="5" selected>5 items</option> <option value="10">10 items</option> <option value="20">20 items</option> <option value="50">50 items</option> <option value="100">100 items</option> <option value="200">200 items</option> </select> </div> <div> <input type="checkbox" id="saved-search-send-if-no-result" class="saved-search-send-if-no-result" name="saved-search-send-if-no-result"> <label for="saved-search-send-if-no-result" class="action-panel-label smaller-checkbox"> Send even when there aren't any new results </label> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap option-text-in-email-wrap"> <label for="saved-search-email-text" class="action-panel-label"> Optional text in email: </label> <textarea name="saved-search-email-text" id="saved-search-email-text" class="saved-search-email-text"></textarea> </div> </div> <div class="action-panel-actions"> <button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Saving..." data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="alert" data-ga-label="save"> Save </button> <button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Your saved search' panel" ref="linksrc=close_saved_search_panel" aria-controls="saved-search-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="alert" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div id="citation-manager-action-panel" class="citation-manager-action-panel action-panel" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="inner-wrap"> <h2 class="action-panel-heading"> Create a file for external citation management software </h2> <form id="citation-manager-action-panel-form" class="action-panel-content action-form" action="/results-export-ids/" data-by-search-action="/results-export-search-data/" data-by-ids-action="/results-export-ids/" method="post" data-by-search-method="post" data-by-ids-method="post"> <input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="wF1gr9jBdRpKah2Yid8fBoRVNH5knS3yzkf8Ajrj7xrTh6AyaK805YC597fYrGPZ"> <input name="results-format" type="hidden" value="pubmed"/> <div class="action-panel-actions"> <button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Sending..." data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="citation_manager" data-ga-label="save"> Create file </button> <button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Send citations to citation manager' panel" ref="linksrc=close_citation_manager_panel" aria-controls="citation-manager-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="citation_manager" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div id="rss-action-panel" class="rss-action-panel action-panel " aria-hidden="true"> <div class="inner-wrap"> <h2 class="action-panel-heading"> Your RSS Feed </h2> <form id="rss-action-panel-form" class="rss-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form" data-create-rss-feed-url="/create-rss-feed-url/" data-search-form-term-value=""> <input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="wF1gr9jBdRpKah2Yid8fBoRVNH5knS3yzkf8Ajrj7xrTh6AyaK805YC597fYrGPZ"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label for="rss-name" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk"> Name of RSS Feed: </label> <input maxlength="200" placeholder="Name" type="text" name="rss-name" id="rss-name" class="rss-name" value='' required pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/"> </div> <div class="rss-limit-wrap"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap action-panel-extra-margin-top"> <label for="rss-limit" class="action-panel-label"> Number of items displayed: </label> <select id="rss-limit" class="no-border-panel-selector rss-limit"> <option value="5">5</option> <option value="10">10</option> <option value="15" selected="selected">15</option> <option value="20">20</option> <option value="50">50</option> <option value="100">100</option> </select> </div> </div> <div class="action-panel-actions"> <button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Creating..." data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="alert" data-ga-label="save"> Create RSS </button> <button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Your RSS' panel" ref="linksrc=close_rss_panel" aria-controls="rss-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="alert" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap rss-link-copy-wrap"> <label for="rss-link" class="usa-sr-only">RSS Link</label> <input placeholder="Your RSS Feed Link" type="text" name="rss-link" id="rss-link" class="rss-link" title="RSS Link"> <button type="button" disabled class="rss-link-copy-button disabled" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="rss" data-ga-label="copy"> Copy </button> </div> </form> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="article-page" id="article-page" data-article-pmid="37323429"> <aside class="page-sidebar"> <div class="inner-wrap"> <div class="full-text-links"> <div class="full-view"> <h3 class="title"> Full text links </h3> <div class="full-text-links-list"> <a class="link-item pmc dialog-focus" href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/pmid/37323429/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" ref="linksrc=fulltextorjournal_fulltext&is_pmc=True&PrId=3494&itool=Abstract-def&log$=linkouticon&uid=37323429&db=pubmed&nlmid=9918610583606676" title="Free full text at PubMed Central" data-ga-category="full_text" data-ga-action="PMC" data-ga-label="37323429" ><span class="text"> Free PMC article </span></a> </div> </div> <div class="short-view"> <a href="#" class="full-text-links-button full-text-links-dialog-trigger"> Full text links </a> </div> </div> <div class="actions-buttons sidebar"><h3 class="title">Actions</h3><div class="inner-wrap"><button class="citation-button citation-dialog-trigger" aria-label="Open dialog with citation text in different styles" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="cite" data-ga-label="open" data-all-citations-url="/37323429/citations/" data-citation-style="nlm" data-pubmed-format-link="/37323429/export/"><span class="button-label">Cite</span></button><link type="text/css" href="ncbi-overlay-block/src/overlay-block.css"><div class="collections-button-container" data-article-id="37323429" data-article-db="pubmed"><button class="collections-button collections-dialog-trigger" aria-label="Save article in MyNCBI collections." data-ga-category="collections_button" data-ga-action="click" data-ga-label="collections_button" data-collections-open-dialog-enabled="false" data-collections-open-dialog-url="https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F37323429%2F%23open-collections-dialog" data-in-collections="false"><span class="button-label">Collections</span></button><div class="overlay" role="dialog"><div id="collections-action-dialog" class="dialog collections-dialog" aria-hidden="true"><div class="title">Add to Collections</div><div class="collections-action-panel action-panel"><form id="collections-action-dialog-form" class="collections-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form action-panel-smaller-selectors" data-existing-collections-url="/list-existing-collections/" data-add-to-existing-collection-url="/add-to-existing-collection/" data-create-and-add-to-new-collection-url="/create-and-add-to-new-collection/" data-myncbi-max-collection-name-length="100" data-collections-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/collections/"><input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="wF1gr9jBdRpKah2Yid8fBoRVNH5knS3yzkf8Ajrj7xrTh6AyaK805YC597fYrGPZ"><div class="choice-group" role="radiogroup"><ul class="radio-group-items"><li><input type="radio" id="collections-action-dialog-new" class="collections-new" name="collections" value="new" data-ga-category="collections_button" data-ga-action="click" data-ga-label="collections_radio_new"><label for="collections-action-dialog-new">Create a new collection</label></li><li><input type="radio" id="collections-action-dialog-existing" class="collections-existing" name="collections" value="existing" checked="true" data-ga-category="collections_button" data-ga-action="click" data-ga-label="collections_radio_existing"><label for="collections-action-dialog-existing">Add to an existing collection</label></li></ul></div><div class="controls-wrapper"><div class="action-panel-control-wrap new-collections-controls"><label for="collections-action-dialog-add-to-new" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk"> Name your collection: </label><input type="text" name="add-to-new-collection" id="collections-action-dialog-add-to-new" class="collections-action-add-to-new" pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/" maxlength="100" data-ga-category="collections_button" data-ga-action="create_collection" data-ga-label="non_favorties_collection"><div class="collections-new-name-too-long usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message"> Name must be less than 100 characters </div></div><div class="action-panel-control-wrap existing-collections-controls"><label for="collections-action-dialog-add-to-existing" class="action-panel-label"> Choose a collection: </label><select id="collections-action-dialog-add-to-existing" class="action-panel-selector collections-action-add-to-existing" data-ga-category="collections_button" data-ga-action="select_collection" data-ga-label="($('.collections-action-add-to-existing').val() === 'Favorites') ? 'Favorites' : 'non_favorites_collection'"></select><div class="collections-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message"> Unable to load your collection due to an error<br><a href="#">Please try again</a></div></div></div><div class="action-panel-actions"><button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Adding..." data-pinger-ignore data-ga-category="collections_button" data-ga-action="click" data-ga-label="add"> Add </button><button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Add to Collections' panel" ref="linksrc=close_collections_panel" aria-controls="collections-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="collections_button" data-ga-action="click" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button></div></form></div></div></div></div><button class="more-actions-button more-actions-dialog-trigger" title="Open dialog with more actions to take" ref="linksrc=more_actions_btn"></button><div class="display-options" data-format-key="format" data-default-format-value="abstract" data-current-format-value="abstract" role="region"><button class="trigger usa-button" title="Change format" data-ga-category="display_options" data-ga-action="display_options_dialog"><span class="button-label">Display options</span></button><div class="dropdown" hidden><div class="title"> Display options </div><div class="content"><div class="format-container"><span class="option-label"> Format </span><select name="format" data-initial-value="abstract" aria-label="Display format" id="sidebar-actions-display-format"><option value="abstract">Abstract</option><option value="pubmed">PubMed</option><option value="pmid">PMID</option></select></div></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="social-sharing"> <h3 class="title"> Share </h3> <ul class="social-sharing-links usa-unstyled-list"> <li> <a 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Journal of biotechnology and its applications" data-pinger-ignore> J Biotechnol Appl </button><div id="full-view-journal" class="journal-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container" hidden aria-label="Dropdown menu for journal Journal of biotechnology and its applications"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="journal-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link" href="/?term=%22J+Biotechnol+Appl%22%5Bjour%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" data-href="/?term=%22J+Biotechnol+Appl%22%5Bjour%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_journal_name_link&journal_abbrev=J Biotechnol Appl" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="journal_link" data-ga-label="J Biotechnol Appl"> Search in PubMed </a></li><li><a class="search-in-nlm-catalog-link dropdown-block-link" ref ="linksrc=search_in_nlm_catalog_link" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=%22J+Biotechnol+Appl%22%5BTitle+Abbreviation%5D" 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Christiansen</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Computer Science, Utah Valley University, Orem, Utah, USA." href="#full-view-affiliation-1" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 1 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Zeng+GL&cauthor_id=37323429" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Gengsheng L Zeng">Gengsheng L Zeng</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Computer Science, Utah Valley University, Orem, Utah, USA." href="#full-view-affiliation-1" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 1 </a><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA." href="#full-view-affiliation-2" 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</div> </div> </div> <ul class="identifiers" id="full-view-identifiers"> <li> <span class="identifier pubmed"> <span class="id-label"> PMID: </span> <strong class="current-id" title="PubMed ID">37323429</strong> </span> </li> <li> <span class="identifier pmc"> <span class="id-label"> PMCID: </span> <a class="id-link" target="_blank" rel="noopener" ref="linksrc=article_id_link&article_id=PMC10270693&id_type=PMC" href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10270693/" data-ga-category="full_text" data-ga-action="PMCID" > PMC10270693 </a> </span> </li> </ul> <div class="in-clipboard-label " hidden> Item in Clipboard </div> </div> <div class="short-view" id="short-view-heading"> <h1 class="heading-title"> Sinogram Interpolation Inspired by Single-Image Super Resolution </h1> <div class="short-citation"> <span class="authors-list"> <span class="authors-list-item "><span class="full-name">Carolyn Christiansen</span><span class="citation-separator"> et al.</span></span> </span> <span class="citation-journal"> J Biotechnol Appl<span class="citation-separator">.</span> </span> <span class="date"> <span class="citation-year">2023</span><span class="citation-separator">.</span> </span> </div> <div class="more-article-details-section with-display-settings"> <button class="more-article-details" id="toggle-article-details" data-alt-text="Hide details" ref="linksrc=toggle_article_details" aria-controls="full-article-details" aria-expanded="false" data-fetch-url="/37323429/long-authors/" data-id-prefix=""> <span class="title">Show details</span> </button> <div class="display-options" data-format-key="format" data-default-format-value="abstract" data-current-format-value="abstract" role="region"> <button class="trigger usa-button" title="Change format" data-ga-category="display_options" data-ga-action="display_options_dialog"> <span class="button-label">Display options</span> </button> <div class="dropdown" hidden> <div class="title"> Display options </div> <div 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ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 1 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Zeng+GL&cauthor_id=37323429" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Gengsheng L Zeng">Gengsheng L Zeng</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Computer Science, Utah Valley University, Orem, Utah, USA." href="#short-view-affiliation-1" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 1 </a><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA." href="#short-view-affiliation-2" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 2 </a></sup></span> </div> </div> <div class="affiliations"> <h3 class="title"> Affiliations </h3> <ul class="item-list"> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-1" id="short-view-affiliation-1" ><sup class="key">1</sup> Department of Computer Science, Utah Valley University, Orem, Utah, USA.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-2" id="short-view-affiliation-2" ><sup class="key">2</sup> Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.</li> </ul> </div> </div> <ul class="identifiers" id="short-view-identifiers"> <li> <span class="identifier pubmed"> <span class="id-label"> PMID: </span> <strong class="current-id" title="PubMed ID">37323429</strong> </span> </li> <li> <span class="identifier pmc"> <span class="id-label"> PMCID: </span> <a class="id-link" target="_blank" rel="noopener" ref="linksrc=article_id_link&article_id=PMC10270693&id_type=PMC" href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10270693/" data-ga-category="full_text" data-ga-action="PMCID" > PMC10270693 </a> </span> </li> </ul> <div class="in-clipboard-label " hidden> Item in Clipboard </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="actions-buttons inline"><div class="inner-wrap"><button class="full-text-links-button full-text-links-dialog-trigger" title="Open dialog with full text links" ref="linksrc=full_text_links"> Full text links </button><button class="citation-button citation-dialog-trigger" aria-label="Open dialog with citation text in different styles" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="cite" data-ga-label="open" data-all-citations-url="/37323429/citations/" data-citation-style="nlm" data-pubmed-format-link="/37323429/export/"><span class="button-label">Cite</span></button><button class="more-actions-button more-actions-dialog-trigger" title="Open dialog with more actions to take" ref="linksrc=more_actions_btn"></button><div class="display-options" data-format-key="format" data-default-format-value="abstract" data-current-format-value="abstract" role="region"><button class="trigger usa-button" title="Change format" data-ga-category="display_options" data-ga-action="display_options_dialog"><span class="button-label">Display options</span></button><div class="dropdown" hidden><div class="title"> Display options </div><div class="content"><div class="format-container"><span class="option-label"> Format </span><select name="format" data-initial-value="abstract" aria-label="Display format" id="inline-actions-display-format"><option value="abstract">Abstract</option><option value="pubmed">PubMed</option><option value="pmid">PMID</option></select></div></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="abstract" id="abstract"> <h2 class="title"> Abstract </h2> <div class="abstract-content selected" id="eng-abstract"> <p> Computed tomography is a medical imaging procedure used to estimate the interior of a patient or an object. Radiation scans are taken at regularly spaced angles around the object, forming a sinogram. This sinogram is then reconstructed into an image representing the contents of the object. This results in a fair amount of radiation exposure for the patient, which increases the risk of cancer. Less radiation and fewer views, however, leads to inferior image reconstruction. To solve this sparse-view problem, a deep-learning model is created that takes as input a sparse sinogram and outputs a sinogram with interpolated data for additional views. The architecture of this model is based on the super-resolution convolutional neural network. The reconstruction of model-interpolated sinograms has less mean-squared error than the reconstruction of the sparse sinogram. It also has less mean-squared error than a reconstruction of a sinogram interpolated using the popular bilinear image-resizing algorithm. This model can be easily adapted to different image sizes, and its simplicity translates into efficiency in both time and memory requirements. </p> </div> <p> <strong class="sub-title"> Keywords: </strong> Deep learning; Limited data imaging; Machine learning; Medical imaging; Tomography. </p> </div> <p class="disclaimer" id="disclaimer"> <a href="/disclaimer/" target="_blank" ga_category="literature_resources" ga_action="disclaimer_link" ga_label="under_abstract">PubMed Disclaimer</a> </p> <div class="figures" id="figures"> <h2 class="title"> Figures </h2> <div class="figures-list" id="slides-container" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageGallery"> <figure class="figure-item " itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="0" data-label-slug="figure-1"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4604/10270693/5dc8f5ecc222/nihms-1906066-f0001.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-0" role="button" data-image-width="1891" data-image-height="1920" data-image-alt="Figure 1:" data-pmc-id="PMC10270693" data-figure-id="F1"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-0" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4604/10270693/e324fb7793fa/nihms-1906066-f0001.gif" alt="Figure 1:" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="1891"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="1920"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 1: </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> A simple elliptical phantom. </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 1: </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> A simple elliptical phantom. </p></div> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-0" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Figure 1: </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">A simple elliptical phantom.</div> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="figure-item " itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="1" data-label-slug="figure-2"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4604/10270693/2bf1e0edd8e5/nihms-1906066-f0002.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-1" role="button" data-image-width="1904" data-image-height="1920" data-image-alt="Figure 2:" data-pmc-id="PMC10270693" data-figure-id="F2"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-1" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4604/10270693/066559d755c2/nihms-1906066-f0002.gif" alt="Figure 2:" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="1904"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="1920"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 2: </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> A CT image from TCIA… </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 2: </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> A CT image from TCIA dataset. </p></div> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-1" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Figure 2: </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">A CT image from TCIA dataset.</div> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="figure-item " itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="2" data-label-slug="figure-3"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4604/10270693/eaa5332e6024/nihms-1906066-f0003.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-2" role="button" data-image-width="1920" data-image-height="71" data-image-alt="Figure 3:" data-pmc-id="PMC10270693" data-figure-id="F3"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-2" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4604/10270693/597d122e7063/nihms-1906066-f0003.gif" alt="Figure 3:" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="1920"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="71"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 3: </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Common architecture for SISR. </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 3: </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Common architecture for SISR. </p></div> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-2" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Figure 3: </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">Common architecture for SISR.</div> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="figure-item " itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="3" data-label-slug="figure-4"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4604/10270693/228fe2b06a48/nihms-1906066-f0004.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-3" role="button" data-image-width="1920" data-image-height="842" data-image-alt="Figure 4:" data-pmc-id="PMC10270693" data-figure-id="F4"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-3" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4604/10270693/9b698866b261/nihms-1906066-f0004.gif" alt="Figure 4:" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="1920"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="842"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 4: </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Visual representation of pixelshuffle. </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 4: </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Visual representation of pixelshuffle. </p></div> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-3" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Figure 4: </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">Visual representation of pixelshuffle.</div> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="figure-item " itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="4" data-label-slug="figure-5"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4604/10270693/45b534aeb070/nihms-1906066-f0005.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-4" role="button" data-image-width="1920" data-image-height="665" data-image-alt="Figure 5:" data-pmc-id="PMC10270693" data-figure-id="F5"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-4" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4604/10270693/79fc417af282/nihms-1906066-f0005.gif" alt="Figure 5:" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="1920"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="665"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 5: </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Classic SISR: Each pixel of… </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 5: </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Classic SISR: Each pixel of the input image is extended in both dimensions. </p></div> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-4" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Figure 5: </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">Classic SISR: Each pixel of the input image is extended in both dimensions.</div> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="figure-item " itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="5" data-label-slug="figure-6"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4604/10270693/989c396d1db9/nihms-1906066-f0006.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-5" role="button" data-image-width="1920" data-image-height="1571" data-image-alt="Figure 6:" data-pmc-id="PMC10270693" data-figure-id="F6"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-5" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4604/10270693/f8bd1a953750/nihms-1906066-f0006.gif" alt="Figure 6:" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="1920"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="1571"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 6: </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Sinogram interpolation: The sinogram is… </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 6: </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Sinogram interpolation: The sinogram is only extended in the angular (vertical) dimension. </p></div> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-5" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Figure 6: </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">Sinogram interpolation: The sinogram is only extended in the angular (vertical) dimension.</div> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="figure-item tail" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="6" data-label-slug="figure-7"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4604/10270693/0d907186367a/nihms-1906066-f0007.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-6" role="button" data-image-width="1530" data-image-height="1920" data-image-alt="Figure 7:" data-pmc-id="PMC10270693" data-figure-id="F7"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-6" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4604/10270693/0a9e80cd2ac2/nihms-1906066-f0007.gif" alt="Figure 7:" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="1530"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="1920"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 7: </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Model architecture. </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 7: </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Model architecture. </p></div> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-6" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Figure 7: </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">Model architecture.</div> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="figure-item tail" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="7" data-label-slug="figure-8"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4604/10270693/f59abee73233/nihms-1906066-f0008.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-7" role="button" data-image-width="1920" data-image-height="853" data-image-alt="Figure 8:" data-pmc-id="PMC10270693" data-figure-id="F8"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-7" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4604/10270693/d0160aab0eb8/nihms-1906066-f0008.gif" alt="Figure 8:" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="1920"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="853"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 8: </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Model architecture demonstrating custom transposition… </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 8: </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Model architecture demonstrating custom transposition layer. </p></div> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-7" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Figure 8: </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">Model architecture demonstrating custom transposition layer.</div> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="figure-item tail" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="8" data-label-slug="figure-9"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4604/10270693/1a856fb821f3/nihms-1906066-f0009.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-8" role="button" data-image-width="1896" data-image-height="1920" data-image-alt="Figure 9:" data-pmc-id="PMC10270693" data-figure-id="F9"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-8" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4604/10270693/e856501fba12/nihms-1906066-f0009.gif" alt="Figure 9:" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="1896"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="1920"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 9: </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Reconstruction from sparse sinogram of… </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 9: </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Reconstruction from sparse sinogram of elliptical phantom. </p></div> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-8" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Figure 9: </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">Reconstruction from sparse sinogram of elliptical phantom.</div> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="figure-item tail" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="9" data-label-slug="figure-10"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4604/10270693/cdf2e381f092/nihms-1906066-f0010.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-9" role="button" data-image-width="1908" data-image-height="1920" data-image-alt="Figure 10:" data-pmc-id="PMC10270693" data-figure-id="F10"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-9" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4604/10270693/70795da34540/nihms-1906066-f0010.gif" alt="Figure 10:" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="1908"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="1920"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 10: </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Reconstruction from linear-interpolated sinogram of… </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 10: </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Reconstruction from linear-interpolated sinogram of elliptical phantom. </p></div> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-9" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Figure 10: </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">Reconstruction from linear-interpolated sinogram of elliptical phantom.</div> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="figure-item tail" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="10" data-label-slug="figure-11"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4604/10270693/507c91569c08/nihms-1906066-f0011.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-10" role="button" data-image-width="1888" data-image-height="1920" data-image-alt="Figure 11:" data-pmc-id="PMC10270693" data-figure-id="F11"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-10" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4604/10270693/d2e9aec2d743/nihms-1906066-f0011.gif" alt="Figure 11:" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="1888"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="1920"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 11: </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Reconstruction from model-interpolated sinogram of… </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 11: </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Reconstruction from model-interpolated sinogram of elliptical phantom. </p></div> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-10" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Figure 11: </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">Reconstruction from model-interpolated sinogram of elliptical phantom.</div> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="figure-item tail" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="11" data-label-slug="figure-12"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4604/10270693/7be12a631a93/nihms-1906066-f0012.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-11" role="button" data-image-width="1902" data-image-height="1920" data-image-alt="Figure 12:" data-pmc-id="PMC10270693" data-figure-id="F12"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-11" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4604/10270693/82e616be0aef/nihms-1906066-f0012.gif" alt="Figure 12:" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="1902"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="1920"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 12: </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Reconstruction from full sinogram of… </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 12: </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Reconstruction from full sinogram of elliptical phantom. </p></div> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-11" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Figure 12: </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">Reconstruction from full sinogram of elliptical phantom.</div> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="figure-item tail" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="12" data-label-slug="figure-13"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4604/10270693/729af0847768/nihms-1906066-f0013.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-12" role="button" data-image-width="1920" data-image-height="243" data-image-alt="Figure 13:" data-pmc-id="PMC10270693" data-figure-id="F13"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-12" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4604/10270693/72c1f5fa2a39/nihms-1906066-f0013.gif" alt="Figure 13:" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="1920"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="243"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 13: </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Sparse sinogram of downsized clinical… </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 13: </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Sparse sinogram of downsized clinical image: 16 views, 128 collectors. </p></div> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-12" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Figure 13: </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">Sparse sinogram of downsized clinical image: 16 views, 128 collectors.</div> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="figure-item tail" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="13" data-label-slug="figure-14"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4604/10270693/b1c31c648ab2/nihms-1906066-f0014.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-13" role="button" data-image-width="1920" data-image-height="980" data-image-alt="Figure 14:" data-pmc-id="PMC10270693" data-figure-id="F14"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-13" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4604/10270693/897302b22f91/nihms-1906066-f0014.gif" alt="Figure 14:" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="1920"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="980"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 14: </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Linear-resized sinogram of downsized clinical… </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 14: </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Linear-resized sinogram of downsized clinical image: 64 views, 128 collectors. </p></div> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-13" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Figure 14: </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">Linear-resized sinogram of downsized clinical image: 64 views, 128 collectors.</div> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="figure-item tail" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="14" data-label-slug="figure-15"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4604/10270693/739a087ae9dc/nihms-1906066-f0015.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-14" role="button" data-image-width="1920" data-image-height="970" data-image-alt="Figure 15:" data-pmc-id="PMC10270693" data-figure-id="F15"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-14" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4604/10270693/bfd10a8b5463/nihms-1906066-f0015.gif" alt="Figure 15:" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="1920"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="970"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 15: </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Model-interpolated sinogram of downsized clinical… </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 15: </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Model-interpolated sinogram of downsized clinical image: 64 views, 128 collectors. </p></div> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-14" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Figure 15: </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">Model-interpolated sinogram of downsized clinical image: 64 views, 128 collectors.</div> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="figure-item tail" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="15" data-label-slug="figure-16"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4604/10270693/3a5620de877d/nihms-1906066-f0016.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-15" role="button" data-image-width="1920" data-image-height="969" data-image-alt="Figure 16:" data-pmc-id="PMC10270693" data-figure-id="F16"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-15" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4604/10270693/c13bfeba1c99/nihms-1906066-f0016.gif" alt="Figure 16:" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="1920"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="969"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 16: </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Full (ideal) sinogram of downsized… </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 16: </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Full (ideal) sinogram of downsized clinical image: 64 views, 128 collectors. </p></div> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-15" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Figure 16: </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">Full (ideal) sinogram of downsized clinical image: 64 views, 128 collectors.</div> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="figure-item tail" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="16" data-label-slug="figure-17"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4604/10270693/ca01fd20b929/nihms-1906066-f0017.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-16" role="button" data-image-width="1900" data-image-height="1920" data-image-alt="Figure 17:" data-pmc-id="PMC10270693" data-figure-id="F17"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-16" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4604/10270693/e0cc05be1984/nihms-1906066-f0017.gif" alt="Figure 17:" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="1900"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="1920"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 17: </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Reconstruction from sparse sonogram. </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 17: </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Reconstruction from sparse sonogram. </p></div> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-16" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Figure 17: </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">Reconstruction from sparse sonogram.</div> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="figure-item tail" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="17" data-label-slug="figure-18"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4604/10270693/4b039b716006/nihms-1906066-f0018.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-17" role="button" data-image-width="1907" data-image-height="1920" data-image-alt="Figure 18:" data-pmc-id="PMC10270693" data-figure-id="F18"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-17" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4604/10270693/f599d91d6e1a/nihms-1906066-f0018.gif" alt="Figure 18:" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="1907"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="1920"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 18: </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Reconstruction from linear-interpolated sonogram. </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 18: </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Reconstruction from linear-interpolated sonogram. </p></div> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-17" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Figure 18: </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">Reconstruction from linear-interpolated sonogram.</div> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="figure-item tail" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="18" data-label-slug="figure-19"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4604/10270693/d7b5ee9ec99a/nihms-1906066-f0019.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-18" role="button" data-image-width="1897" data-image-height="1920" data-image-alt="Figure 19:" data-pmc-id="PMC10270693" data-figure-id="F19"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-18" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4604/10270693/fae6721a78ba/nihms-1906066-f0019.gif" alt="Figure 19:" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="1897"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="1920"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 19: </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Reconstruction from model-interpolated sonogram. </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 19: </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Reconstruction from model-interpolated sonogram. </p></div> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-18" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Figure 19: </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">Reconstruction from model-interpolated sonogram.</div> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="figure-item tail" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="associatedMedia" data-slide-index="19" data-label-slug="figure-20"> <a class="figure-link" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4604/10270693/86c359275acc/nihms-1906066-f0020.jpg" itemprop="contentUrl" aria-describedby="figure-caption-19" role="button" data-image-width="1894" data-image-height="1920" data-image-alt="Figure 20:" data-pmc-id="PMC10270693" data-figure-id="F20"> <img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail" id="article-image-19" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4604/10270693/a3234afa974a/nihms-1906066-f0020.gif" alt="Figure 20:" /> </a> <meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="1894"> <meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="1920"> <div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="caption-wrap"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 20: </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Reconstruction from full sonogram. </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true"> <strong class="figure-label"> <p> Figure 20: </p> </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Reconstruction from full sonogram. </p></div> </div> <figcaption id="figure-caption-19" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description"> <strong class="figure-label"> Figure 20: </strong> <div class="figure-caption-contents">Reconstruction from full sonogram.</div> </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div class="see-all actions-bar"> <button class="show-more" aria-controls="slides-container" data-ga-category="figure" data-ga-action="show_all"> All figures (20) </button> </div>  <div class="pswp figures-dialog" id="figures-dialog" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-hidden="true" data-image-gallery-uid="article-figures" aria-label="Figures Dialog">  <div class="pswp__bg"></div>  <div class="pswp__scroll-wrap">  <div class="pswp__container"> <div class="pswp__item"></div> <div class="pswp__item"></div> <div class="pswp__item"></div> </div>  <div class="pswp__ui pswp__ui--hidden"> <div class="pswp__top-bar">  <div class="pswp__counter"></div> <button class="pswp__button 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