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js-section-heading" data-section="Papers" id="Papers"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Papers by Jennifer Gow</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="4199950"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/4199950/A_test_of_hybrid_growth_disadvantage_in_wild_freeranging_species_pairs_of_threespine_sticklebacks_Gasterosteus_aculeatus_and_its_implications_for_ecological_speciation"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A test of hybrid growth disadvantage in wild, freeranging species pairs of threespine sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) and its implications for ecological speciation" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/4199950/A_test_of_hybrid_growth_disadvantage_in_wild_freeranging_species_pairs_of_threespine_sticklebacks_Gasterosteus_aculeatus_and_its_implications_for_ecological_speciation">A test of hybrid growth disadvantage in wild, freeranging species pairs of threespine sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) and its implications for ecological speciation</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Ecological speciation is the evolution of reproductive isolation as a direct or indirect conseque...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Ecological speciation is the evolution of reproductive isolation as a direct or indirect consequence of divergent natural selection. Reduced performance of hybrids in nature is thought to be an important process by which natural selection can favor the evolution of assortative mating and drive speciation. Benthic and limnetic sympatric species of threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) are adapted to alternative trophic niches (bottom browsing vs. open water planktivory, respectively) and reduced feeding performance of hybrids is thought to have contributed to the evolution of reproductive isolation. We tested this “hybrid-disadvantage hypothesis” by inferring growth rates from otoliths sampled from wild, free-ranging benthic, limnetic, and hybrid sticklebacks in two lakes. There were significant differences in growth rate between lakes, life-history stages, and among years (maximum P = 0.02), as well as interactions between most factors, but not between hybrid and parental species sticklebacks in most comparisons. Our results provide little evidence of a growth disadvantage in hybrid sticklebacks when free-ranging in nature. Although trophic ecology per se may contribute less to ecological speciation than envisioned, it may act in concert with other aspects of stickleback biology, such as interactions with parasites, predators, competitors, and/or sexual selection, to present strong multifarious selection against hybrids.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="79cc8a9b515679cae8f5828bcffc1ad0" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":31694968,"asset_id":4199950,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31694968/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="4199950"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="4199950"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4199950; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4199950]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4199950]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4199950; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='4199950']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "79cc8a9b515679cae8f5828bcffc1ad0" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=4199950]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":4199950,"title":"A test of hybrid growth disadvantage in wild, freeranging species pairs of threespine sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) and its implications for ecological speciation","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Ecological speciation is the evolution of reproductive isolation as a direct or indirect consequence of divergent natural selection. Reduced performance of hybrids in nature is thought to be an important process by which natural selection can favor the evolution of assortative mating and drive speciation. Benthic and limnetic sympatric species of threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) are adapted to alternative trophic niches (bottom browsing vs. open water planktivory, respectively) and reduced feeding performance of hybrids is thought to have contributed to the evolution of reproductive isolation. We tested this “hybrid-disadvantage hypothesis” by inferring growth rates from otoliths sampled from wild, free-ranging benthic, limnetic, and hybrid sticklebacks in two lakes. There were significant differences in growth rate between lakes, life-history stages, and among years (maximum P = 0.02), as well as interactions between most factors, but not between hybrid and parental species sticklebacks in most comparisons. 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Our results provide little evidence of a growth disadvantage in hybrid sticklebacks when free-ranging in nature. Although trophic ecology per se may contribute less to ecological speciation than envisioned, it may act in concert with other aspects of stickleback biology, such as interactions with parasites, predators, competitors, and/or sexual selection, to present strong multifarious selection against hybrids.","impression_tracking_id":null,"owner":{"id":4533491,"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gow","page_name":"JenniferGow","domain_name":"ubc","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:05:33.399-07:00","display_name":"Jennifer Gow","url":"https://ubc.academia.edu/JenniferGow"},"attachments":[{"id":31694968,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg","file_name":"Taylor_et_al_2012.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31694968/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"A_test_of_hybrid_growth_disadvantage_in.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31694968/Taylor_et_al_2012-libre.pdf?1391447867=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DA_test_of_hybrid_growth_disadvantage_in.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340792\u0026Signature=TDmvLnL-Fhcz0ZNInxRDYyF-ujFgSzGNdugwx3qB5Gvmwj-O4zPkUPFbgTY9YLILYj6DfH37h2OaJbhbIraKT~hO70IgoXAFasyiZ4Za5X5NeG0xl~ztDZ4ZY04L34bPdvSpva64VoWpYFywqboaYfzHSFuS6-GT5oIeuuG6BzPGvvFXAsbF60~Fp5qgrL-3GT4k053XDqzfF1b0jsf7bFe2kTtZCbiqYqUG0FsLH079ZznAF~RdtWhaF~Ux38WPTSSGwgX0l3~RbpK1XcgzzUnBtzyf0xIuUohO3NHUiutlQD0AFvmCtOcMudDLOvr6mUNrkrb1qNliJ8slRlPhLQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[{"id":1435083,"url":"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2011.01439.x/abstract;jsessionid=2FF9BA40F659C8E3AAD9C4F20F5E8089.d02t04?deniedAccessCustomisedMessage=\u0026userIsAuthenticated=false"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-4199950-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="4199959"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/4199959/Little_impact_of_hatchery_supplementation_that_uses_native_broodstock_on_the_genetic_structure_and_diversity_of_steelhead_trout_revealed_by_a_large_scale_spatio_temporal_microsatellite_survey"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Little impact of hatchery supplementation that uses native broodstock on the genetic structure and diversity of steelhead trout revealed by a large-scale spatio-temporal microsatellite survey" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/4199959/Little_impact_of_hatchery_supplementation_that_uses_native_broodstock_on_the_genetic_structure_and_diversity_of_steelhead_trout_revealed_by_a_large_scale_spatio_temporal_microsatellite_survey">Little impact of hatchery supplementation that uses native broodstock on the genetic structure and diversity of steelhead trout revealed by a large-scale spatio-temporal microsatellite survey</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Artificial breeding programs initiated to enhance the size of animal populations are often motiva...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Artificial breeding programs initiated to enhance the size of animal populations are often motivated by the desire to increase harvest opportunities. The introduction of non-native genotypes, however, can have negative evolutionary impacts. These may be direct, such as introgressive hybridization, or indirect via competition. Less is known about the effects of stocking with native genotypes. We assayed variation at nine microsatellite loci in 902 steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) from five rivers in British Columbia, Canada. These samples were collected over 58 years, a time period that spanned the initiation of native steelhead trout broodstock hatchery supplementation in these rivers. We detected no changes in estimates of effective population size, genetic variation or temporal genetic structure within any population, nor of altered genetic structure among them. Genetic interactions with nonmigratory O. mykiss, the use of substantial numbers of primarily native broodstock with an approximate 1:1 male-to-female ratio, and/or poor survival and reproductive success of hatchery fish may have minimized potential genetic changes. Although no genetic changes were detected, ecological effects of hatchery programs still may influence wild population productivity and abundance. Their effects await the design and implementation of a more comprehensive evaluation program.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-4199959-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-4199959-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/43975711/figure-1-map-showing-the-geographic-location-of-the-rivers"><img alt="Figure 1 Map showing the geographic location of the rivers from which steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were sampled in southwestern British Columbia, Canada. 1, Chilliwack; 2, Chehalis; 3, Alouette; 4, Seymour; and 5, Capilano rivers. *Denotes the Coquihalla River, which is the source of some broodstock used in hatchery supplementation of the Chehalis River. The >@ symbol denotes the Kitimat River, study site for Hegg- enes et al. (2006). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/31694975/figure_001.jpg" width="114" height="68" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/43975719/figure-2-average-measures-of-population-size-genetic"><img alt="Figure 2 Average measures of population size, genetic variation, and structure in steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) within rivers befor (empty bars) and after (filled bars) the inception of hatchery supplementation using native broodstock. Based on variation of 902 samples tha were genotyped at five or more of nine assayed microsatellite loci. Refer to Table 2 for population codes; ALL refers to all rivers combined; ALL CA refers to all rivers except the Capilano River. Standard deviations given where applicable. (A) Mean relatedness (ry); (B) Variance in Ky; (C Effective population size (N.); (D) Mean number of alleles (Na); (E) Allelic richness (R); (F) Gene diversity (H_); (G) Fsr (0). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/31694975/figure_002.jpg" width="114" height="68" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/43975722/figure-3-plot-of-mean-factorial-correspondence-scores-along"><img alt="Figure 3 Plot of mean factorial correspondence scores along the first three axes for time point samples of 902 steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) based on variation at five or more of nine assayed microsatellite loci. Refer to Table 2 for population codes. The status of time points high- lighted as before (empty circles) or after (filled squares) the initiation of hatchery supplementation using native broodstock. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/31694975/figure_003.jpg" width="114" height="68" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/43975725/table-1-summary-of-important-demographic-and-habitat"><img alt="Table 1. Summary of important demographic and habitat characteristics of five steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) populations sampled i the study. Length = length of river currently accessible from the sea for upstream migrating fish, MAD = mean annual discharge (cubic meters/s Estimated census size = estimate of adult steelhead trout in the river during spawning period from snorkeling swim counts and professional opir ion (the value to the right of the slash is the estimated capacity, at 13% marine survival, based on habitat availability), H:W = ratio of hatchery t wild smolts (wild estimated using biostandards/discharge models), Broodstock = average numbers of winter (w) and summer (s) run males an females used in hatchery program (all wild unless indicated), Major habitat perturbations = summary of major changes to river system since Eurc pean settlement. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/31694975/table_001.jpg" width="114" height="68" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/43975727/table-2-steelhead-oncorhynchus-mykiss-sampled-from-five"><img alt="Table 2. Steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) sampled from five hatchery-supplemented rivers in southwestern British Columbia. *Population codes include the initial year of sampling and represent a range of years as indicated. Prehatchery supplementation samples are high- lighted in boldface. Posthatchery supplementation samples refer to those collected after the first release and return of hatchery fish originating from native broodstock (refer to Table 1 for dates). The exception to this is Capilano River, where the posthatchery samples refer to samples col- lected after the first releases but before the first recorded hatchery returns. As such, this river's samples explore potential indirect effects of com- petition from hatchery releases while serving as a control for temporal change that may be associated with direct (introgression) and indirect (competition) impacts of returning adult hatchery fish. The wild/hatchery and winter/summer run composition of each sample size is also listed. For instance, the 40 samples from CH48 consist of 40 wild, winter run steelhead trout. The CE95 sample consists of 43 wild fish, 6 hatchery fish of which 40 were winter run and nine summer run. ‘Unknown’ means that the breakdown into wild and hatchery spawners was not determined. +Summer run steelhead were introduced by the Chehalis hatchery using broodstock from the nearby Coquihalla River (see Fig. 1). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/31694975/table_002.jpg" width="114" height="68" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-4199959-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="64cf1640f53f6f73b73812119d7172fe" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":31694975,"asset_id":4199959,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31694975/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="4199959"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="4199959"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4199959; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4199959]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4199959]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4199959; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='4199959']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "64cf1640f53f6f73b73812119d7172fe" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=4199959]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":4199959,"title":"Little impact of hatchery supplementation that uses native broodstock on the genetic structure and diversity of steelhead trout revealed by a large-scale spatio-temporal microsatellite survey","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Artificial breeding programs initiated to enhance the size of animal populations are often motivated by the desire to increase harvest opportunities. The introduction of non-native genotypes, however, can have negative evolutionary impacts. These may be direct, such as introgressive hybridization, or indirect via competition. Less is known about the effects of stocking with native genotypes. We assayed variation at nine microsatellite loci in 902 steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) from five rivers in British Columbia, Canada. These samples were collected over 58 years, a time period that spanned the initiation of native steelhead trout broodstock hatchery supplementation in these rivers. We detected no changes in estimates of effective population size, genetic variation or temporal genetic structure within any population, nor of altered genetic structure among them. Genetic interactions with nonmigratory O. mykiss, the use of substantial numbers of primarily native broodstock with an approximate 1:1 male-to-female ratio, and/or poor survival and reproductive success of hatchery fish may have minimized potential genetic changes. Although no genetic changes were detected, ecological effects of hatchery programs still may influence wild population productivity and abundance. Their effects await the design and implementation of a more comprehensive evaluation program.","journal_name":"Evolutionary Applications","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2011,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"Artificial breeding programs initiated to enhance the size of animal populations are often motivated by the desire to increase harvest opportunities. The introduction of non-native genotypes, however, can have negative evolutionary impacts. These may be direct, such as introgressive hybridization, or indirect via competition. Less is known about the effects of stocking with native genotypes. We assayed variation at nine microsatellite loci in 902 steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) from five rivers in British Columbia, Canada. These samples were collected over 58 years, a time period that spanned the initiation of native steelhead trout broodstock hatchery supplementation in these rivers. We detected no changes in estimates of effective population size, genetic variation or temporal genetic structure within any population, nor of altered genetic structure among them. Genetic interactions with nonmigratory O. mykiss, the use of substantial numbers of primarily native broodstock with an approximate 1:1 male-to-female ratio, and/or poor survival and reproductive success of hatchery fish may have minimized potential genetic changes. Although no genetic changes were detected, ecological effects of hatchery programs still may influence wild population productivity and abundance. Their effects await the design and implementation of a more comprehensive evaluation program.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/4199959/Little_impact_of_hatchery_supplementation_that_uses_native_broodstock_on_the_genetic_structure_and_diversity_of_steelhead_trout_revealed_by_a_large_scale_spatio_temporal_microsatellite_survey","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2013-08-08T10:54:12.455-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":4533491,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31694975,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg","file_name":"Gow_et_al_2011.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31694975/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Little_impact_of_hatchery_supplementatio.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31694975/Gow_et_al_2011-libre.pdf?1392437444=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLittle_impact_of_hatchery_supplementatio.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340792\u0026Signature=F9DGPpagiF84iAkx4oz8yx5Ma4GPOpUXbVt4Lt3Xods3VJTxJ8IFochvh4rgwiVM3BJgPDucqmD7DFrPuzLwM7q9aqzj2ahbAt-ZXQG8TYX5OAUDnZjPzsKss2vHY9cJpjuLo4rJk2eGyWsm3H0lU9QH2cVtbi73sb2joTrCgmXBDzmT3UAeGx~RJi-2ZAwk~bNG0X8Kyl2fTdDHI1dLsz2PY4jsPLiAi15uiAhD3uPzceSZsqCkpGtYvTtv0qsMPeU~T-Q6D0hwjO8sW0-qw6umRGW47DBjF8P34c~T0Rv3Tryu7YvoHwgKR0fzYeXqP8HiXrf414~SB92XTjRGww__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Little_impact_of_hatchery_supplementation_that_uses_native_broodstock_on_the_genetic_structure_and_diversity_of_steelhead_trout_revealed_by_a_large_scale_spatio_temporal_microsatellite_survey","translated_slug":"","page_count":20,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Artificial breeding programs initiated to enhance the size of animal populations are often motivated by the desire to increase harvest opportunities. The introduction of non-native genotypes, however, can have negative evolutionary impacts. These may be direct, such as introgressive hybridization, or indirect via competition. Less is known about the effects of stocking with native genotypes. We assayed variation at nine microsatellite loci in 902 steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) from five rivers in British Columbia, Canada. These samples were collected over 58 years, a time period that spanned the initiation of native steelhead trout broodstock hatchery supplementation in these rivers. We detected no changes in estimates of effective population size, genetic variation or temporal genetic structure within any population, nor of altered genetic structure among them. Genetic interactions with nonmigratory O. mykiss, the use of substantial numbers of primarily native broodstock with an approximate 1:1 male-to-female ratio, and/or poor survival and reproductive success of hatchery fish may have minimized potential genetic changes. Although no genetic changes were detected, ecological effects of hatchery programs still may influence wild population productivity and abundance. Their effects await the design and implementation of a more comprehensive evaluation program.","impression_tracking_id":null,"owner":{"id":4533491,"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gow","page_name":"JenniferGow","domain_name":"ubc","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:05:33.399-07:00","display_name":"Jennifer Gow","url":"https://ubc.academia.edu/JenniferGow"},"attachments":[{"id":31694975,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg","file_name":"Gow_et_al_2011.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31694975/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Little_impact_of_hatchery_supplementatio.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31694975/Gow_et_al_2011-libre.pdf?1392437444=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLittle_impact_of_hatchery_supplementatio.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340792\u0026Signature=F9DGPpagiF84iAkx4oz8yx5Ma4GPOpUXbVt4Lt3Xods3VJTxJ8IFochvh4rgwiVM3BJgPDucqmD7DFrPuzLwM7q9aqzj2ahbAt-ZXQG8TYX5OAUDnZjPzsKss2vHY9cJpjuLo4rJk2eGyWsm3H0lU9QH2cVtbi73sb2joTrCgmXBDzmT3UAeGx~RJi-2ZAwk~bNG0X8Kyl2fTdDHI1dLsz2PY4jsPLiAi15uiAhD3uPzceSZsqCkpGtYvTtv0qsMPeU~T-Q6D0hwjO8sW0-qw6umRGW47DBjF8P34c~T0Rv3Tryu7YvoHwgKR0fzYeXqP8HiXrf414~SB92XTjRGww__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[{"id":1435089,"url":"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1752-4571.2011.00198.x/abstract"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (true) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-4199959-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="4199961"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/4199961/Connectivity_among_populations_of_pygmy_whitefish_Prosopium_coulterii_in_northwestern_North_America_inferred_from_microsatellite_DNA_analyses"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Connectivity among populations of pygmy whitefish (Prosopium coulterii) in northwestern North America inferred from microsatellite DNA analyses" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/4199961/Connectivity_among_populations_of_pygmy_whitefish_Prosopium_coulterii_in_northwestern_North_America_inferred_from_microsatellite_DNA_analyses">Connectivity among populations of pygmy whitefish (Prosopium coulterii) in northwestern North America inferred from microsatellite DNA analyses</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">We studied microsatellite DNA variation in 15 populations of northwestern North American pygmy wh...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">We studied microsatellite DNA variation in 15 populations of northwestern North American pygmy whitefish (Prosopium coulterii (Eigenmann and Eigenmann, 1892)), an enigmatic freshwater fish thought to be highly fragmented by residency in deep, cold postglacial lakes. Population subdivision (q) across 10 loci was 0.12 (P < 0.001) across samples, but one western Alaskan population was more divergent than all others (q = 0.31-0.41, P < 0.001). Within the Williston Reservoir watershed (WRW), q averaged 0.08 (P < 0.001) and was positively associated with both the geographic distance between localities (r 2 = 0.36, P < 0.001) and the number of branch points interconnecting them (r 2 = 0.33, P < 0.001). Differentiation among populations was modeled as the sum of the genetic distances for the stream sections interconnecting them (r 2 = 0.74). Differences among subwatersheds with the WRW accounted for 5.1% of the total variation in allele frequencies (P < 0.001). Assignment tests suggested limited movement among lakes, with most inferred dispersal between adjacent watersheds. Coalescent analysis strongly supported a gene flow-drift equilibrium model of population structure over a drift-only model. Effective management of diversity in pygmy whitefish requires the maintenance of stream networks that interconnect lakes within a watershed.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-4199961-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-4199961-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17761956/figure-1-ot-her-through-the-main-body-of-the-williston"><img alt="ot her through the main body of the Williston Reservoir, which served as the “root” of the network, i.e., that area that al ot a fish would need to travel moving from one locality to an- her (cf. Costello et al. 2003). These nodes were intended as representation of the number of discrete “choices” that a fish would need to make in moving from one locality to an- ot se her with, presumably, the number of choices being inver- y related to the likelihood of successful movement between localities. We then tested for isolation by distance using the Mantel test option in FSTAT to assess the signifi- cance of correlations between geographic (fluvial) distance and genetic distance estimated by 6. Partial Mantel tests were conducted using both geographic distance and number of drainage nodes separating localities. None of the localities are separated from each other by any known complete migra- tion barriers (e.g., insurmountable waterfalls; R. Zemlak, per- sonal observations) with the exception of Dina Lake No. 1, which is an isolated lake basin (Fig. 1). To account for its lack of current connectivity with other systems, we added 2 to the drainage matrix values involving Dina Lake No. |. To better visualize the spatial distribution of genetic differentia- tion, we constructed a “stream tree” of genetic distances among all localities within the Peace—Williston drainage sys- tem using the program StreamTree (Kalinowski et al. 2008) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/31694972/figure_001.jpg" width="114" height="68" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17761962/figure-2-association-between-pairwise-measures-of-genetic"><img alt="Fig. 2. Association between pairwise measures of genetic distance (Fsr estimated by 0) and geographic distance (river kilometres) be- tween all localities within the Williston Reservoir watershed (WRW). The circled value represents the comparison between Quentin and Weissener lakes (see text). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/31694972/figure_002.jpg" width="114" height="68" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17761965/figure-3-peene-flow-model-over-that-of-drift-only-model"><img alt="(Peene flow model = 9.99) over that of drift only model across all 10 runs of the analysis. bers of alleles per locus (across seven loci) per population was 9.3 and expected heterozygosity (H_) was 0.64 (Turgeon and Bernatchez 2001). Across 19 lakes in the St. Jo hn River system, northeastern North America (about 21000 km2), microsatellite variation over six loci averaged about five al- leles per locus and Hg was 0.55 in lake whitefish ( Lu et al. 2001). Across a smaller geographic scale (Lake Superior), microsatellite variation in lake whitefish averaged a alleles per locus and Hg averaged 0.69 (Stott et a bout 6.5 . 2004). Microsatellite variation in mountain whitefish (primarily a riverine species) has ranged from two to nine alleles per lo- cus (eight loci) and Hg ranged from 0.40 to 0.58 w Clark Fork River in Montana (Whiteley et al. 2004) ithin the to mean values of 1.0-4.8 alleles per locus and Hg of 0.0-0.54 across their complete geographic range (Whiteley et al. 2006). Com- parisons across studies are difficult when different geographic ranges are studied, but our data (mean al locus per population of 5.7, mean Hg of 0.51) are consistent with these previous studies and at least do loci and leles per broadly not sug- gest that our choice of loci resulted in overly conservative as- sessments of variability within and between populations. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/31694972/figure_003.jpg" width="114" height="68" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17761969/table-1-connectivity-among-populations-of-pygmy-whitefish"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/31694972/table_001.jpg" width="114" height="68" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17761973/table-2-note-immigrants-were-defined-as-fish-with"><img alt="Note: Immigrants were defined as fish with a probability of <0.05 of belonging to the recipient (collection) locality from exclu- sion tests. Given are the recipient locality, the number of fish inferred to be immigrants out of the total assayed (NV), and the localities inferred to have contributed immigrants to the recipient locality. Names in boldface type represent localities in the same sub- watershed as the recipient locality and underlined localities indicate inferred migrants between localities that are completely isolated from one another. The number in parentheses indicates the number of inferred immigrants if greater than one and UNK indicates that the source locality of the inferred immigrant could not be determined with a probability of at least 0.9. Table 2. Identification of 52 inferred immigrants using 10 locus genotypes for pygmy whitefish (Prosopium coulterii). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/31694972/table_002.jpg" width="114" height="68" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-4199961-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="c237cd19c66e6c72a2ce27f183b1e661" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":31694972,"asset_id":4199961,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31694972/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="4199961"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="4199961"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4199961; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4199961]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4199961]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4199961; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='4199961']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "c237cd19c66e6c72a2ce27f183b1e661" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=4199961]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":4199961,"title":"Connectivity among populations of pygmy whitefish (Prosopium coulterii) in northwestern North America inferred from microsatellite DNA analyses","translated_title":"","metadata":{"ai_title_tag":"Genetic Connectivity of Pygmy Whitefish in NW North America","journal_name":"Canadian Journal of Zoology","grobid_abstract":"We studied microsatellite DNA variation in 15 populations of northwestern North American pygmy whitefish (Prosopium coulterii (Eigenmann and Eigenmann, 1892)), an enigmatic freshwater fish thought to be highly fragmented by residency in deep, cold postglacial lakes. Population subdivision (q) across 10 loci was 0.12 (P \u003c 0.001) across samples, but one western Alaskan population was more divergent than all others (q = 0.31-0.41, P \u003c 0.001). Within the Williston Reservoir watershed (WRW), q averaged 0.08 (P \u003c 0.001) and was positively associated with both the geographic distance between localities (r 2 = 0.36, P \u003c 0.001) and the number of branch points interconnecting them (r 2 = 0.33, P \u003c 0.001). Differentiation among populations was modeled as the sum of the genetic distances for the stream sections interconnecting them (r 2 = 0.74). Differences among subwatersheds with the WRW accounted for 5.1% of the total variation in allele frequencies (P \u003c 0.001). Assignment tests suggested limited movement among lakes, with most inferred dispersal between adjacent watersheds. Coalescent analysis strongly supported a gene flow-drift equilibrium model of population structure over a drift-only model. Effective management of diversity in pygmy whitefish requires the maintenance of stream networks that interconnect lakes within a watershed.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2011,"errors":{}},"grobid_abstract_attachment_id":31694972},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/4199961/Connectivity_among_populations_of_pygmy_whitefish_Prosopium_coulterii_in_northwestern_North_America_inferred_from_microsatellite_DNA_analyses","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2013-08-08T10:55:31.499-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":4533491,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31694972,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg","file_name":"Taylor_et_al_2011.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31694972/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Connectivity_among_populations_of_pygmy.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31694972/Taylor_et_al_2011-libre.pdf?1392335623=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DConnectivity_among_populations_of_pygmy.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340792\u0026Signature=IbOjFlj71HYDepNqPeOS-oeIhigc~pmavdwuC2Q40C2mPEx~HbAzpmOlW1Swy6gOrH1IlpajDGQy9UyjK34VBcvSbuSJZCv5jTiVRndYqWfgRVb74dAdc2~y4vauXR6wZfd90XgqkTOfC9p-G6eWU5eJFlXFUW6c5zRZq04ha4zQu8SpK2gc3UPU0wlUl0zgVhpFg0LebbqFXVZHje5WJlRi-LdsfArmZlS3A4afdYzT63-LrOVRdb4xGnTnTEegDowvCrrvF2x0A-eiLBrkC-JlMitENRkUgLIfIopgWLuMLD-deI4x27fe0HXgzstrQbphxRoZ0kpImyTyvIiiow__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Connectivity_among_populations_of_pygmy_whitefish_Prosopium_coulterii_in_northwestern_North_America_inferred_from_microsatellite_DNA_analyses","translated_slug":"","page_count":12,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"We studied microsatellite DNA variation in 15 populations of northwestern North American pygmy whitefish (Prosopium coulterii (Eigenmann and Eigenmann, 1892)), an enigmatic freshwater fish thought to be highly fragmented by residency in deep, cold postglacial lakes. Population subdivision (q) across 10 loci was 0.12 (P \u003c 0.001) across samples, but one western Alaskan population was more divergent than all others (q = 0.31-0.41, P \u003c 0.001). Within the Williston Reservoir watershed (WRW), q averaged 0.08 (P \u003c 0.001) and was positively associated with both the geographic distance between localities (r 2 = 0.36, P \u003c 0.001) and the number of branch points interconnecting them (r 2 = 0.33, P \u003c 0.001). Differentiation among populations was modeled as the sum of the genetic distances for the stream sections interconnecting them (r 2 = 0.74). Differences among subwatersheds with the WRW accounted for 5.1% of the total variation in allele frequencies (P \u003c 0.001). Assignment tests suggested limited movement among lakes, with most inferred dispersal between adjacent watersheds. Coalescent analysis strongly supported a gene flow-drift equilibrium model of population structure over a drift-only model. Effective management of diversity in pygmy whitefish requires the maintenance of stream networks that interconnect lakes within a watershed.","impression_tracking_id":null,"owner":{"id":4533491,"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gow","page_name":"JenniferGow","domain_name":"ubc","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:05:33.399-07:00","display_name":"Jennifer Gow","url":"https://ubc.academia.edu/JenniferGow"},"attachments":[{"id":31694972,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg","file_name":"Taylor_et_al_2011.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31694972/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Connectivity_among_populations_of_pygmy.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31694972/Taylor_et_al_2011-libre.pdf?1392335623=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DConnectivity_among_populations_of_pygmy.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340792\u0026Signature=IbOjFlj71HYDepNqPeOS-oeIhigc~pmavdwuC2Q40C2mPEx~HbAzpmOlW1Swy6gOrH1IlpajDGQy9UyjK34VBcvSbuSJZCv5jTiVRndYqWfgRVb74dAdc2~y4vauXR6wZfd90XgqkTOfC9p-G6eWU5eJFlXFUW6c5zRZq04ha4zQu8SpK2gc3UPU0wlUl0zgVhpFg0LebbqFXVZHje5WJlRi-LdsfArmZlS3A4afdYzT63-LrOVRdb4xGnTnTEegDowvCrrvF2x0A-eiLBrkC-JlMitENRkUgLIfIopgWLuMLD-deI4x27fe0HXgzstrQbphxRoZ0kpImyTyvIiiow__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[{"id":1435087,"url":"http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/z10-114#.UgSCDKzbG6Q"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); 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Utilizing PCR RFLP analysis and isozyme data, the study identifies chloroplast types and evaluates genetic diversity, revealing significant inbreeding evidence in M. sharpii but less so in M. schiedeana. The findings highlight the conservation challenges posed by habitat fragmentation due to agricultural expansion and underscore the importance of these species for biodiversity in their native ecosystems.","ai_title_tag":"Genetic Variation in Endemic Mexican Magnolias","journal_name":"Silvae Genetica","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2008,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/4200001/Genetic_variation_in_two_rare_endemic_Mexican_tress_Magnolia_sharpii_and_Magnolia_schiedeana","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2013-08-08T10:56:22.117-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":4533491,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31694978,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg","file_name":"Newton_et_al_2008.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31694978/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Genetic_variation_in_two_rare_endemic_Me.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31694978/Newton_et_al_2008-libre.pdf?1392444957=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DGenetic_variation_in_two_rare_endemic_Me.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340792\u0026Signature=ZzflAK6NOwNazy-TWehRfjQfitrkzjWsbbXxuTtV8ZBh5YeXWrcSvsNmN3DhKlHT~NgguH77evo1SrI9Q55S7nWnmcDM1fIF8qOufSOhVJzQ0dqKOgJ6YaLhRe72Wq-Ir3Js-3~vP01OXWRK7rYuFI1HjjKf9IEDjxmd7ZWwo4zyhhgJb2ByzxiYcR0-kMhwGF2cM52GACC3v4TjRw875qCbQ30jyT5MoWcRANFmNHUcIuk8Ev4CknA4IZLM5WaViKn3CnAANXst8Fz62rfoP2Vxmr0N7y9R2Iv5PTt3NIyjenH2HRxPytMdkeLEJ-teXumZnjIvGpV4yzF~11FJvA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Genetic_variation_in_two_rare_endemic_Mexican_tress_Magnolia_sharpii_and_Magnolia_schiedeana","translated_slug":"","page_count":9,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":null,"impression_tracking_id":null,"owner":{"id":4533491,"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gow","page_name":"JenniferGow","domain_name":"ubc","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:05:33.399-07:00","display_name":"Jennifer Gow","url":"https://ubc.academia.edu/JenniferGow"},"attachments":[{"id":31694978,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg","file_name":"Newton_et_al_2008.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31694978/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Genetic_variation_in_two_rare_endemic_Me.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31694978/Newton_et_al_2008-libre.pdf?1392444957=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DGenetic_variation_in_two_rare_endemic_Me.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340792\u0026Signature=ZzflAK6NOwNazy-TWehRfjQfitrkzjWsbbXxuTtV8ZBh5YeXWrcSvsNmN3DhKlHT~NgguH77evo1SrI9Q55S7nWnmcDM1fIF8qOufSOhVJzQ0dqKOgJ6YaLhRe72Wq-Ir3Js-3~vP01OXWRK7rYuFI1HjjKf9IEDjxmd7ZWwo4zyhhgJb2ByzxiYcR0-kMhwGF2cM52GACC3v4TjRw875qCbQ30jyT5MoWcRANFmNHUcIuk8Ev4CknA4IZLM5WaViKn3CnAANXst8Fz62rfoP2Vxmr0N7y9R2Iv5PTt3NIyjenH2HRxPytMdkeLEJ-teXumZnjIvGpV4yzF~11FJvA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[{"id":1435091,"url":"http://silvaegenetica.com/fileadmin/content/dokument/archiv/silvaegenetica/57_2008/Heft_6/_04__Newton.pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-4200001-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="3704922"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/3704922/Development_of_microsatellite_markers_in_the_St_Lucia_anole_Anolis_luciae"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Development of microsatellite markers in the St Lucia anole, Anolis luciae" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/3704922/Development_of_microsatellite_markers_in_the_St_Lucia_anole_Anolis_luciae">Development of microsatellite markers in the St Lucia anole, Anolis luciae</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Molecular Ecology Resources</span><span>, 2008</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Anolis lizards are important models in studies of ecology and evolution. Here we describe 13 poly...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Anolis lizards are important models in studies of ecology and evolution. Here we describe 13 polymorphic microsatellites for use in population screening in the St Lucia anole, Anolis luciae, that can be used as a natural replicate to Anolis roquet on Martinique to study processes involved in population differentiation and speciation. Genotyping of 32 individuals using M13 tails and FAM-labelled universal M13 primers showed that all loci were polymorphic with high genetic diversity, averaging at 16.8 alleles per locus. Genotypic frequencies conformed to Hardy–Weinberg expectations, and there were no instances of linkage disequilibrium between loci.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="af0967b768998363e45116192f6069e9" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":31694984,"asset_id":3704922,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31694984/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="3704922"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="3704922"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704922; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704922]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704922]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704922; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='3704922']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "af0967b768998363e45116192f6069e9" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=3704922]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":3704922,"title":"Development of microsatellite markers in the St Lucia anole, Anolis luciae","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Anolis lizards are important models in studies of ecology and evolution. 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Genotypic frequencies conformed to Hardy–Weinberg expectations, and there were no instances of linkage disequilibrium between loci.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/3704922/Development_of_microsatellite_markers_in_the_St_Lucia_anole_Anolis_luciae","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:07:42.051-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":4533491,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31694984,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg","file_name":"Johansson_et_al_2008.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31694984/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Development_of_microsatellite_markers_in.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31694984/Johansson_et_al_2008-libre.pdf?1392402051=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDevelopment_of_microsatellite_markers_in.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340793\u0026Signature=WT7O~21ij40EFvTIIMl5-y-~xDxLIK8oNxordPm0hGFd70w7vYYh13b9TtdiX-OjKXPL64bkBq-tvc-EB4w6L~sxTNB4PH9u7hcsHWz7BzIs9I4lk6AWNg1uBytqi2ztU-jXv0agqgM03swu9JCn~K43Kk6r9FF~MWSU-~OG2TjGA8wSVz-1NBXzUbk7prZs7g1d9HIhoGRid9KhfRCB6IGf1KVmgOE66uk1JrQOvPjuzhcvfkFU1ea0dIpMXySmUByRJ3A0q8bYKABaxlko678Xe584YG3fAkB68mNb~oLlkOwze2whJx~LKm8qASqdIK-vnjZ-veOLCj0MQGNuCw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Development_of_microsatellite_markers_in_the_St_Lucia_anole_Anolis_luciae","translated_slug":"","page_count":3,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Anolis lizards are important models in studies of ecology and evolution. 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Four endemic pairs are known and each appears to have diverged independently as a consequence of adaptation to alternative environments. Using specific ecological and physical attributes hypothesized to be important to their evolution, we focused a search for further species pairs. Now, two decades after the last discovery, we describe another benthic-limnetic species pair from Little Quarry Lake on Nelson Island, British Columbia, Canada. Bimodality of genetic admixture values provides evidence of strong reproductive isolation between two morphological and genetic clusters, supporting the existence of a sympatric species pair within this lake. Close correspondence in shape to extant benthic and limnetic species pairs confirm their status as such. The remarkable similarity between them and other benthic and limnetic species pairs in levels of morphological differentiation, as well as extent of admixture and hybridization, points to similar processes underlying their origin. This discovery serves as an important reminder of the specificity of ecological factors that promote and maintain biodiversity, as well as the value of habitat conservation.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="fd1b4c512f3e0d36217e9b35eba04ddb" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":31388456,"asset_id":3704927,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31388456/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="3704927"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="3704927"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704927; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704927]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704927]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704927; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='3704927']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "fd1b4c512f3e0d36217e9b35eba04ddb" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=3704927]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":3704927,"title":"Ecological predictions lead to the discovery of a benthic-limnetic sympatric species pair of threespine stickleback in Little Quarry Lake, British Columbia","translated_title":"","metadata":{"grobid_abstract":"Sympatric species pairs of benthic and limnetic threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus L., 1758 complex) are an important example of the role of ecology in speciation in nature. 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This discovery serves as an important reminder of the specificity of ecological factors that promote and maintain biodiversity, as well as the value of habitat conservation.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2008,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Canadian Journal of Zoology-revue Canadienne De Zoologie","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":31388456},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/3704927/Ecological_predictions_lead_to_the_discovery_of_a_benthic_limnetic_sympatric_species_pair_of_threespine_stickleback_in_Little_Quarry_Lake_British_Columbia","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:07:49.896-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":4533491,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31388456,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/31388456/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Gowetal_CJZ08.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31388456/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Ecological_predictions_lead_to_the_disco.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31388456/Gowetal_CJZ08.pdf20130812-31485-12gqnl1-libre-libre.pdf?1376343021=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEcological_predictions_lead_to_the_disco.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340793\u0026Signature=bU87E-YKBNYPybiQXmzIJEZpcAz~0xaxUXO1T1YYaBd0LHVsuexJQwUVUKdrqm-sqKHGRMnXqf1qOKBtkVkUOZVm6Au0Q~0aQnfWdoeN~V89YcqxaNEhixEZFDp3amDm7nnL9YmU8U-43g-uLy1S8doYGX~TjCtI0QR4meLUkp53y56OOP6RLWHQTWFI3FURG9WwFwZ0rUjiIJP~Tg4IyVImtp2r4bdETFMeH7YTLnnjDjjG9UZp96XFSx24dQ3wJFiUuioavnmwUUTUJxqWqdmj7wz7au~CoRI3UyclcHktu9AenJ0yzcgV1IllQjFnzywT~HbvsmZgLj9Sv8dMvQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Ecological_predictions_lead_to_the_discovery_of_a_benthic_limnetic_sympatric_species_pair_of_threespine_stickleback_in_Little_Quarry_Lake_British_Columbia","translated_slug":"","page_count":8,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Sympatric species pairs of benthic and limnetic threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus L., 1758 complex) are an important example of the role of ecology in speciation in nature. Four endemic pairs are known and each appears to have diverged independently as a consequence of adaptation to alternative environments. Using specific ecological and physical attributes hypothesized to be important to their evolution, we focused a search for further species pairs. Now, two decades after the last discovery, we describe another benthic-limnetic species pair from Little Quarry Lake on Nelson Island, British Columbia, Canada. Bimodality of genetic admixture values provides evidence of strong reproductive isolation between two morphological and genetic clusters, supporting the existence of a sympatric species pair within this lake. Close correspondence in shape to extant benthic and limnetic species pairs confirm their status as such. The remarkable similarity between them and other benthic and limnetic species pairs in levels of morphological differentiation, as well as extent of admixture and hybridization, points to similar processes underlying their origin. This discovery serves as an important reminder of the specificity of ecological factors that promote and maintain biodiversity, as well as the value of habitat conservation.","impression_tracking_id":null,"owner":{"id":4533491,"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gow","page_name":"JenniferGow","domain_name":"ubc","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:05:33.399-07:00","display_name":"Jennifer Gow","url":"https://ubc.academia.edu/JenniferGow"},"attachments":[{"id":31388456,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/31388456/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Gowetal_CJZ08.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31388456/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Ecological_predictions_lead_to_the_disco.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31388456/Gowetal_CJZ08.pdf20130812-31485-12gqnl1-libre-libre.pdf?1376343021=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEcological_predictions_lead_to_the_disco.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340793\u0026Signature=bU87E-YKBNYPybiQXmzIJEZpcAz~0xaxUXO1T1YYaBd0LHVsuexJQwUVUKdrqm-sqKHGRMnXqf1qOKBtkVkUOZVm6Au0Q~0aQnfWdoeN~V89YcqxaNEhixEZFDp3amDm7nnL9YmU8U-43g-uLy1S8doYGX~TjCtI0QR4meLUkp53y56OOP6RLWHQTWFI3FURG9WwFwZ0rUjiIJP~Tg4IyVImtp2r4bdETFMeH7YTLnnjDjjG9UZp96XFSx24dQ3wJFiUuioavnmwUUTUJxqWqdmj7wz7au~CoRI3UyclcHktu9AenJ0yzcgV1IllQjFnzywT~HbvsmZgLj9Sv8dMvQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[{"id":1435095,"url":"http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/Z08-032#.UgSDVqzbG6Q"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-3704927-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="3704920"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/3704920/The_mating_game_do_opposites_really_attract"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The mating game: do opposites really attract" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/3704920/The_mating_game_do_opposites_really_attract">The mating game: do opposites really attract</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Molecular Ecology</span><span>, 2008</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">When selecting a mate, females of many species face a complicated decision: choosing a very close...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">When selecting a mate, females of many species face a complicated decision: choosing a very closely related mate will lead to inbreeding, while choosing a mate who is too genetically dissimilar risks breaking up beneficial gene complexes or local genetic adaptations. To ensure the best genetic quality of their offspring, the perfect compromise lies somewhere in between: an optimally genetically dissimilar partner. Empirical evidence demonstrating female preference for genetically dissimilar mates is proof of the adage ‘opposites attract’. In stark contrast, Chandler & Zamudio (2008) show in this issue of Molecular Ecology that female spotted salamanders often choose males that are genetically more similar to themselves (although not if the males are small). Along with other recent work, these field studies highlight the broad spectrum of options available to females with respect to relatedness in their choice of mate that belies this rule of thumb.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-3704920-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-3704920-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/45557279/figure-1-female-spotted-salamanders-ambystoma-maculatum"><img alt="Fig.1 Female spotted salamanders (Ambystoma maculatum) choose mates based on both genetic relatedness and size. (Photo credit: Harry W. Greene). The fitness of males chosen with different strategies may change with varying social, ecological or genetic contexts (Qvarnstrém 2001). Future work exploring the interplay between different forms of female mate choice in spotted salamanders under different ecological and genetic scenarios stands to contribute to our understanding of adaptive mate choice. A fascinating example of a plastic context dependent female mate choice strategy has recently been uncovered in spadefoot toads (Pfennig 2007). Defying the biological species concept, female toads take the saying ‘opposites attract’ to an extreme, actively choosing to mate with males of another, closely related species under stressful environmental condi- tions. Heterospecific tadpoles metamorphose faster than conspecific ones, although they will suffer from reduced fecundity and fertility later in life. This fitness trade-off presents females with an environmentally dependent mate choice: reproductive success is optimized by heterospecific matings when pools are shallow and likely to dry quickly, but conspecific matings are otherwise favourable. Females anticipate the optimal fitness required by their offspring and facultatively switch preference based on habitat. Such " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/31694991/figure_001.jpg" width="114" height="68" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-3704920-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="8e3cffc03aee92a986ce56f555374abe" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":31694991,"asset_id":3704920,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31694991/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="3704920"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="3704920"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704920; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704920]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704920]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704920; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='3704920']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "8e3cffc03aee92a986ce56f555374abe" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=3704920]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":3704920,"title":"The mating game: do opposites really attract","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"When selecting a mate, females of many species face a complicated decision: choosing a very closely related mate will lead to inbreeding, while choosing a mate who is too genetically dissimilar risks breaking up beneficial gene complexes or local genetic adaptations. To ensure the best genetic quality of their offspring, the perfect compromise lies somewhere in between: an optimally genetically dissimilar partner. Empirical evidence demonstrating female preference for genetically dissimilar mates is proof of the adage ‘opposites attract’. In stark contrast, Chandler \u0026 Zamudio (2008) show in this issue of Molecular Ecology that female spotted salamanders often choose males that are genetically more similar to themselves (although not if the males are small). Along with other recent work, these field studies highlight the broad spectrum of options available to females with respect to relatedness in their choice of mate that belies this rule of thumb.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2008,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Molecular Ecology"},"translated_abstract":"When selecting a mate, females of many species face a complicated decision: choosing a very closely related mate will lead to inbreeding, while choosing a mate who is too genetically dissimilar risks breaking up beneficial gene complexes or local genetic adaptations. To ensure the best genetic quality of their offspring, the perfect compromise lies somewhere in between: an optimally genetically dissimilar partner. Empirical evidence demonstrating female preference for genetically dissimilar mates is proof of the adage ‘opposites attract’. In stark contrast, Chandler \u0026 Zamudio (2008) show in this issue of Molecular Ecology that female spotted salamanders often choose males that are genetically more similar to themselves (although not if the males are small). Along with other recent work, these field studies highlight the broad spectrum of options available to females with respect to relatedness in their choice of mate that belies this rule of thumb.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/3704920/The_mating_game_do_opposites_really_attract","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:07:32.061-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":4533491,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31694991,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg","file_name":"Gow_2008.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31694991/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"The_mating_game_do_opposites_really_attr.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31694991/Gow_2008-libre.pdf?1392417344=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_mating_game_do_opposites_really_attr.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340793\u0026Signature=JEVO5v6UfHyeBfo2g0e7th6fQZfvnfyHxpTzcLjZzWFvQlWPVUUDOf4PHUgtZh72xT5nk8ZizMkhPIfHyMayQ7hRqSGxCh0iVbzSLizjP0ABSmMN38UG62uYXxc-6bincTdIyTuO0WyLNh1Yu0aE2kECmdkcXcw96bZjlHd-o8oWtBk~MoqHtcy-~NItvwJYIX7EUEy6zHgqGOWNKDECb4Cu9hqFt6koTqRLwCwgylYoZbqzWUpNa9bsEwlXB~booUOvwjoCrdvBday2s8Qq39a8qZGjaR5q5pYwsERBeFWK2S4YcLlJQ02ZlMhw9-kG7XiNEpIL8WT05T-UxaK8ew__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_mating_game_do_opposites_really_attract","translated_slug":"","page_count":2,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"When selecting a mate, females of many species face a complicated decision: choosing a very closely related mate will lead to inbreeding, while choosing a mate who is too genetically dissimilar risks breaking up beneficial gene complexes or local genetic adaptations. To ensure the best genetic quality of their offspring, the perfect compromise lies somewhere in between: an optimally genetically dissimilar partner. Empirical evidence demonstrating female preference for genetically dissimilar mates is proof of the adage ‘opposites attract’. In stark contrast, Chandler \u0026 Zamudio (2008) show in this issue of Molecular Ecology that female spotted salamanders often choose males that are genetically more similar to themselves (although not if the males are small). Along with other recent work, these field studies highlight the broad spectrum of options available to females with respect to relatedness in their choice of mate that belies this rule of thumb.","impression_tracking_id":null,"owner":{"id":4533491,"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gow","page_name":"JenniferGow","domain_name":"ubc","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:05:33.399-07:00","display_name":"Jennifer Gow","url":"https://ubc.academia.edu/JenniferGow"},"attachments":[{"id":31694991,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg","file_name":"Gow_2008.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31694991/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"The_mating_game_do_opposites_really_attr.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31694991/Gow_2008-libre.pdf?1392417344=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_mating_game_do_opposites_really_attr.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340793\u0026Signature=JEVO5v6UfHyeBfo2g0e7th6fQZfvnfyHxpTzcLjZzWFvQlWPVUUDOf4PHUgtZh72xT5nk8ZizMkhPIfHyMayQ7hRqSGxCh0iVbzSLizjP0ABSmMN38UG62uYXxc-6bincTdIyTuO0WyLNh1Yu0aE2kECmdkcXcw96bZjlHd-o8oWtBk~MoqHtcy-~NItvwJYIX7EUEy6zHgqGOWNKDECb4Cu9hqFt6koTqRLwCwgylYoZbqzWUpNa9bsEwlXB~booUOvwjoCrdvBday2s8Qq39a8qZGjaR5q5pYwsERBeFWK2S4YcLlJQ02ZlMhw9-kG7XiNEpIL8WT05T-UxaK8ew__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[{"id":1209581,"url":"http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2008.03691.x"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (true) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-3704920-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="3704911"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/3704911/Ecological_selection_against_hybrids_in_natural_populations_of_sympatric_threespine_sticklebacks"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Ecological selection against hybrids in natural populations of sympatric threespine sticklebacks" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/31388450/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/3704911/Ecological_selection_against_hybrids_in_natural_populations_of_sympatric_threespine_sticklebacks">Ecological selection against hybrids in natural populations of sympatric threespine sticklebacks</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Evolutionary Biology</span><span>, 2007</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Experimental work has provided evidence for extrinsic post-zygotic isolation, a phenomenon unique...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Experimental work has provided evidence for extrinsic post-zygotic isolation, a phenomenon unique to ecological speciation. The role that ecological components to reduced hybrid fitness play in promoting speciation and maintaining species integrity in the wild, however, is not as well understood. We addressed this problem by testing for selection against naturally occurring hybrids in two sympatric species pairs of benthic and limnetic threespine sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus). If post-zygotic isolation is a significant reproductive barrier, the relative frequency of hybrids within a population should decline significantly across the life-cycle. Such a trend in a natural population would give independent support to experimental evidence for extrinsic, rather than intrinsic, post-zygotic isolation in this system. Indeed, tracing mean individual hybridity (genetic intermediateness) across three lifehistory stages spanning four generations revealed just such a decline. This provides compelling evidence that extrinsic selection plays an important role in maintaining species divergence and supports a role for ecological speciation in sticklebacks.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="53368fc056317ac6d557627b06a53b66" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":31388450,"asset_id":3704911,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31388450/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="3704911"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="3704911"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704911; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704911]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704911]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704911; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='3704911']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "53368fc056317ac6d557627b06a53b66" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=3704911]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":3704911,"title":"Ecological selection against hybrids in natural populations of sympatric threespine sticklebacks","translated_title":"","metadata":{"grobid_abstract":"Experimental work has provided evidence for extrinsic post-zygotic isolation, a phenomenon unique to ecological speciation. The role that ecological components to reduced hybrid fitness play in promoting speciation and maintaining species integrity in the wild, however, is not as well understood. We addressed this problem by testing for selection against naturally occurring hybrids in two sympatric species pairs of benthic and limnetic threespine sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus). If post-zygotic isolation is a significant reproductive barrier, the relative frequency of hybrids within a population should decline significantly across the life-cycle. Such a trend in a natural population would give independent support to experimental evidence for extrinsic, rather than intrinsic, post-zygotic isolation in this system. Indeed, tracing mean individual hybridity (genetic intermediateness) across three lifehistory stages spanning four generations revealed just such a decline. This provides compelling evidence that extrinsic selection plays an important role in maintaining species divergence and supports a role for ecological speciation in sticklebacks.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2007,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biology","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":31388450},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/3704911/Ecological_selection_against_hybrids_in_natural_populations_of_sympatric_threespine_sticklebacks","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:06:46.474-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":4533491,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31388450,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/31388450/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"2007Gowetal.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31388450/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Ecological_selection_against_hybrids_in.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31388450/2007Gowetal-libre.pdf?1392336358=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEcological_selection_against_hybrids_in.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340793\u0026Signature=QvK8nJO4aBv40QSpSwPCIFKVnngABv6H8Y~3pklZNHHCwSWFdoMJ0bB0~f7KuwNas2GiCgrShnXjoK5x9G0P7wKHcUUBgloR3~nGfZHUvhR~9WeMKHInsvsW53rBcR64RctR84hkBSCikfUNJW0HVHH07sx7uxlslBd2r2GRnrP3MJtHc6hggX4G7Birj22BCpNAiPrmnVrjIkz0CNrLVtS-S~5iPigE6DL0NvAXtARwRNTnBK2nysnKzLciQGt72yafTA-gTLiFYS6tMGncUqLZ~GUOWYh5VTYIuJKkhnPFjEuBjZFEViK4iPxWSul573U8daQQELjY8ToRwYnK7A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Ecological_selection_against_hybrids_in_natural_populations_of_sympatric_threespine_sticklebacks","translated_slug":"","page_count":8,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Experimental work has provided evidence for extrinsic post-zygotic isolation, a phenomenon unique to ecological speciation. The role that ecological components to reduced hybrid fitness play in promoting speciation and maintaining species integrity in the wild, however, is not as well understood. We addressed this problem by testing for selection against naturally occurring hybrids in two sympatric species pairs of benthic and limnetic threespine sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus). If post-zygotic isolation is a significant reproductive barrier, the relative frequency of hybrids within a population should decline significantly across the life-cycle. Such a trend in a natural population would give independent support to experimental evidence for extrinsic, rather than intrinsic, post-zygotic isolation in this system. Indeed, tracing mean individual hybridity (genetic intermediateness) across three lifehistory stages spanning four generations revealed just such a decline. This provides compelling evidence that extrinsic selection plays an important role in maintaining species divergence and supports a role for ecological speciation in sticklebacks.","impression_tracking_id":null,"owner":{"id":4533491,"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gow","page_name":"JenniferGow","domain_name":"ubc","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:05:33.399-07:00","display_name":"Jennifer Gow","url":"https://ubc.academia.edu/JenniferGow"},"attachments":[{"id":31388450,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/31388450/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"2007Gowetal.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31388450/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Ecological_selection_against_hybrids_in.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31388450/2007Gowetal-libre.pdf?1392336358=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEcological_selection_against_hybrids_in.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340793\u0026Signature=QvK8nJO4aBv40QSpSwPCIFKVnngABv6H8Y~3pklZNHHCwSWFdoMJ0bB0~f7KuwNas2GiCgrShnXjoK5x9G0P7wKHcUUBgloR3~nGfZHUvhR~9WeMKHInsvsW53rBcR64RctR84hkBSCikfUNJW0HVHH07sx7uxlslBd2r2GRnrP3MJtHc6hggX4G7Birj22BCpNAiPrmnVrjIkz0CNrLVtS-S~5iPigE6DL0NvAXtARwRNTnBK2nysnKzLciQGt72yafTA-gTLiFYS6tMGncUqLZ~GUOWYh5VTYIuJKkhnPFjEuBjZFEViK4iPxWSul573U8daQQELjY8ToRwYnK7A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[{"id":1209573,"url":"http://labs.fhcrc.org/peichel/media/pdfs/2007Gowetal.pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-3704911-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="4200004"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/4200004/Quantifying_the_constraining_influence_of_gene_flow_on_adaptive_divergence_in_the_lake_stream_threespine_stickleback_system"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Quantifying the constraining influence of gene flow on adaptive divergence in the lake-stream threespine stickleback system" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/4200004/Quantifying_the_constraining_influence_of_gene_flow_on_adaptive_divergence_in_the_lake_stream_threespine_stickleback_system">Quantifying the constraining influence of gene flow on adaptive divergence in the lake-stream threespine stickleback system</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The constraining effect of gene flow on adaptive divergence is often inferred but rarely quantifi...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The constraining effect of gene flow on adaptive divergence is often inferred but rarely quantified. We illustrate ways of doing so using stream populations of threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) that experience different levels of gene flow from a parapatric lake population. In the Misty Lake watershed (British Columbia, Canada), the inlet stream population is morphologically divergent from the lake population, and presumably experiences little gene flow from the lake. The outlet stream population, however, shows an intermediate phenotype and may experience more gene flow from the lake. We first used microsatellite data to demonstrate that gene flow from the lake is low into the inlet but high into the outlet, and that gene flow from the lake remains relatively constant with distance along the outlet. We next combined gene flow data with morphological and habitat data to quantify the effect of gene flow on morphological divergence. In one approach, we assumed that inlet stickleback manifest well-adapted phenotypic trait values not constrained by gene flow. We then calculated the deviation between the observed and expected phenotypes for a given habitat in the outlet. In a second approach, we parameterized a quantitative genetic model of adaptive divergence. Both approaches suggest a large impact of gene flow, constraining adaptation by 80-86% in the outlet (i.e., only 14-20% of the expected morphological divergence in the absence of gene flow was observed). Such approaches may be useful in other taxa to estimate how important gene flow is in constraining adaptive divergence in nature.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="f27b046f9a67e43f6c39602b18d18f99" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":31694997,"asset_id":4200004,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31694997/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="4200004"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="4200004"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4200004; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4200004]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4200004]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4200004; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='4200004']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "f27b046f9a67e43f6c39602b18d18f99" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=4200004]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":4200004,"title":"Quantifying the constraining influence of gene flow on adaptive divergence in the lake-stream threespine stickleback system","translated_title":"","metadata":{"journal_name":"Evolution","grobid_abstract":"The constraining effect of gene flow on adaptive divergence is often inferred but rarely quantified. We illustrate ways of doing so using stream populations of threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) that experience different levels of gene flow from a parapatric lake population. In the Misty Lake watershed (British Columbia, Canada), the inlet stream population is morphologically divergent from the lake population, and presumably experiences little gene flow from the lake. The outlet stream population, however, shows an intermediate phenotype and may experience more gene flow from the lake. We first used microsatellite data to demonstrate that gene flow from the lake is low into the inlet but high into the outlet, and that gene flow from the lake remains relatively constant with distance along the outlet. We next combined gene flow data with morphological and habitat data to quantify the effect of gene flow on morphological divergence. In one approach, we assumed that inlet stickleback manifest well-adapted phenotypic trait values not constrained by gene flow. We then calculated the deviation between the observed and expected phenotypes for a given habitat in the outlet. In a second approach, we parameterized a quantitative genetic model of adaptive divergence. Both approaches suggest a large impact of gene flow, constraining adaptation by 80-86% in the outlet (i.e., only 14-20% of the expected morphological divergence in the absence of gene flow was observed). Such approaches may be useful in other taxa to estimate how important gene flow is in constraining adaptive divergence in nature.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2007,"errors":{}},"grobid_abstract_attachment_id":31694997},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/4200004/Quantifying_the_constraining_influence_of_gene_flow_on_adaptive_divergence_in_the_lake_stream_threespine_stickleback_system","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2013-08-08T10:58:15.387-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":4533491,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31694997,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg","file_name":"Moore_et_al_2007.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31694997/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Quantifying_the_constraining_influence_o.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31694997/Moore_et_al_2007-libre.pdf?1392430315=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DQuantifying_the_constraining_influence_o.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340793\u0026Signature=XBFc6ri8STTYBVQu3770mCaVpKIIHyI5mfykleb9L47khQyEJZm-L0kPSKRLNv1B03dN4b-pupQOFX6ZGi9CA7LdWGfusS3~Pb9vWqcrIKfFizgmlWVzAHnfI0JX5gMwSERJjurIfPa6N2xMGjJr7GmM7OmIjE3jUU4WAbl5A9z6d~UdE9quTuuJdMrHOtGONHvFLsZnLkeieanpELgsjSjV22Em6tgq3HHsIQ22-1OgxGP6zI2ZL7Cs4DQ71aqMDrgJLHDcHCMiHk3bgEJbPHVE7X~L7A0Z0zm2zkCKq2D3j4sxCqDVFinvVaNHxk0CLlQOyh5a9Eq3TRHEWLQ21Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Quantifying_the_constraining_influence_of_gene_flow_on_adaptive_divergence_in_the_lake_stream_threespine_stickleback_system","translated_slug":"","page_count":12,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"The constraining effect of gene flow on adaptive divergence is often inferred but rarely quantified. We illustrate ways of doing so using stream populations of threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) that experience different levels of gene flow from a parapatric lake population. In the Misty Lake watershed (British Columbia, Canada), the inlet stream population is morphologically divergent from the lake population, and presumably experiences little gene flow from the lake. The outlet stream population, however, shows an intermediate phenotype and may experience more gene flow from the lake. We first used microsatellite data to demonstrate that gene flow from the lake is low into the inlet but high into the outlet, and that gene flow from the lake remains relatively constant with distance along the outlet. We next combined gene flow data with morphological and habitat data to quantify the effect of gene flow on morphological divergence. In one approach, we assumed that inlet stickleback manifest well-adapted phenotypic trait values not constrained by gene flow. We then calculated the deviation between the observed and expected phenotypes for a given habitat in the outlet. In a second approach, we parameterized a quantitative genetic model of adaptive divergence. Both approaches suggest a large impact of gene flow, constraining adaptation by 80-86% in the outlet (i.e., only 14-20% of the expected morphological divergence in the absence of gene flow was observed). Such approaches may be useful in other taxa to estimate how important gene flow is in constraining adaptive divergence in nature.","impression_tracking_id":null,"owner":{"id":4533491,"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gow","page_name":"JenniferGow","domain_name":"ubc","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:05:33.399-07:00","display_name":"Jennifer Gow","url":"https://ubc.academia.edu/JenniferGow"},"attachments":[{"id":31694997,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg","file_name":"Moore_et_al_2007.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31694997/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Quantifying_the_constraining_influence_o.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31694997/Moore_et_al_2007-libre.pdf?1392430315=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DQuantifying_the_constraining_influence_o.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340793\u0026Signature=XBFc6ri8STTYBVQu3770mCaVpKIIHyI5mfykleb9L47khQyEJZm-L0kPSKRLNv1B03dN4b-pupQOFX6ZGi9CA7LdWGfusS3~Pb9vWqcrIKfFizgmlWVzAHnfI0JX5gMwSERJjurIfPa6N2xMGjJr7GmM7OmIjE3jUU4WAbl5A9z6d~UdE9quTuuJdMrHOtGONHvFLsZnLkeieanpELgsjSjV22Em6tgq3HHsIQ22-1OgxGP6zI2ZL7Cs4DQ71aqMDrgJLHDcHCMiHk3bgEJbPHVE7X~L7A0Z0zm2zkCKq2D3j4sxCqDVFinvVaNHxk0CLlQOyh5a9Eq3TRHEWLQ21Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[{"id":1435097,"url":"http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2007.00168.x"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-4200004-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="3704917"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/3704917/Contrasting_temporal_dynamics_and_spatial_patterns_of_population_genetic_structure_correlate_with_differences_in_demography_and_habitat_between_two_closely_related_African_freshwater_snails"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Contrasting temporal dynamics and spatial patterns of population genetic structure correlate with differences in demography and habitat between two closely-related African freshwater snails" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/3704917/Contrasting_temporal_dynamics_and_spatial_patterns_of_population_genetic_structure_correlate_with_differences_in_demography_and_habitat_between_two_closely_related_African_freshwater_snails">Contrasting temporal dynamics and spatial patterns of population genetic structure correlate with differences in demography and habitat between two closely-related African freshwater snails</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Biological Journal of The Linnean Society</span><span>, 2007</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The relationship between habitat stability, demography, and population genetic structure was expl...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The relationship between habitat stability, demography, and population genetic structure was explored by comparing temporal microsatellite variability spanning a decade in two closely-related hermaphroditic freshwater snails from Cameroon, Bulinus forskalii and Bulinus camerunensis. Although both species show similar levels of preferential selfing, microsatellite analysis revealed significantly greater allelic richness and gene diversity in populations of the highly endemic B. camerunensis compared to those of the geographically-widespread B. forskalii. Additionally, B. camerunensis populations showed significantly lower spatial genetic differentiation, higher dispersal rates, and greater temporal stability compared to B. forskalii populations over a similar spatial scale. This suggests that a more stable demography and greater gene flow account for the elevated genetic diversity observed in this geographically-restricted snail. This contrasts sharply with a metapopulation model (which includes extinction/contraction, recolonization/expansion, and passive dispersal) invoked to account for population structuring in B. forskalii. As intermediate hosts for medically important schistosome parasites, these findings have ramifications for determining the scale at which local adaptation may occur in the coevolution of these snails and their parasites. © 2007 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2007, 90, 747–760.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b00c46d008355ed4904982dbb18b67bf" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":31695099,"asset_id":3704917,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31695099/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="3704917"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="3704917"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704917; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704917]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704917]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704917; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='3704917']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "b00c46d008355ed4904982dbb18b67bf" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=3704917]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":3704917,"title":"Contrasting temporal dynamics and spatial patterns of population genetic structure correlate with differences in demography and habitat between two closely-related African freshwater snails","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The relationship between habitat stability, demography, and population genetic structure was explored by comparing temporal microsatellite variability spanning a decade in two closely-related hermaphroditic freshwater snails from Cameroon, Bulinus forskalii and Bulinus camerunensis. 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Here, we describe 10 polymorphic tetranucleotide microsatellites to facilitate studies on population differentiation and gene flow. All loci successfully amplified in several species from this series. Genotyping 96 individuals from two A. roquet populations demonstrated the markers’ suitability as population genetic markers: genetic diversity was high (9–22 alleles per locus); there were no instances of linkage disequilibrium; and, with one exception, all genotypic frequencies conformed to Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium expectations.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a4041bb592eace97faaa65793caee8d6" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":31695007,"asset_id":3704909,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31695007/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="3704909"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="3704909"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704909; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704909]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704909]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704909; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='3704909']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "a4041bb592eace97faaa65793caee8d6" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=3704909]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":3704909,"title":"Ten polymorphic tetranucleotide microsatellite markers isolated from the Anolis roquet series of Caribbean lizards","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The Anolis roquet series of Caribbean lizards provides natural replicates with which to examine the role of historical contingency and ecological determinism in shaping evolutionary patterns. Here, we describe 10 polymorphic tetranucleotide microsatellites to facilitate studies on population differentiation and gene flow. All loci successfully amplified in several species from this series. Genotyping 96 individuals from two A. roquet populations demonstrated the markers’ suitability as population genetic markers: genetic diversity was high (9–22 alleles per locus); there were no instances of linkage disequilibrium; and, with one exception, all genotypic frequencies conformed to Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium expectations.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2006,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Molecular Ecology Notes"},"translated_abstract":"The Anolis roquet series of Caribbean lizards provides natural replicates with which to examine the role of historical contingency and ecological determinism in shaping evolutionary patterns. Here, we describe 10 polymorphic tetranucleotide microsatellites to facilitate studies on population differentiation and gene flow. 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Genotyping 96 individuals from two A. roquet populations demonstrated the markers’ suitability as population genetic markers: genetic diversity was high (9–22 alleles per locus); there were no instances of linkage disequilibrium; and, with one exception, all genotypic frequencies conformed to Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium expectations.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/3704909/Ten_polymorphic_tetranucleotide_microsatellite_markers_isolated_from_the_Anolis_roquet_series_of_Caribbean_lizards","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:06:13.899-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":4533491,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31695007,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg","file_name":"Gow_et_al_2006_Anolis.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31695007/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Ten_polymorphic_tetranucleotide_microsat.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31695007/Gow_et_al_2006_Anolis-libre.pdf?1391436082=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTen_polymorphic_tetranucleotide_microsat.pdf\u0026Expires=1744283982\u0026Signature=G~iVekn0mdRTInzAYwZ04yFnpwhQCHSutFvZahfOz-6oJjJ6zWibq5vYbsxb2xIESnE-fU2UgGKmdifS4LTQR76DeAtjrbTH-2GxtbgMYw4JmQoYVfYr9CLeSUFjiBDHWrnnVlG3CdhuUJGl0Ns-hM9rAfhZfGAVM0QdSs99I3TAV4k-BZqO4b-q~tpiITwvRUZPkw7U4zP6XfhN9J-xNGMDjCGDT1nuC0Nu4avmqllEtxGmbVDO4Ca0qdFwVhiT1Yyjd9SVrl5PhU620nXCnGf6cqfIg9fUpEfYFI77QBN09nGLcFATo-HrHfcYiVi0QKejv8dSdpNtT3dXvS1xVQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Ten_polymorphic_tetranucleotide_microsatellite_markers_isolated_from_the_Anolis_roquet_series_of_Caribbean_lizards","translated_slug":"","page_count":4,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"The Anolis roquet series of Caribbean lizards provides natural replicates with which to examine the role of historical contingency and ecological determinism in shaping evolutionary patterns. Here, we describe 10 polymorphic tetranucleotide microsatellites to facilitate studies on population differentiation and gene flow. All loci successfully amplified in several species from this series. Genotyping 96 individuals from two A. roquet populations demonstrated the markers’ suitability as population genetic markers: genetic diversity was high (9–22 alleles per locus); there were no instances of linkage disequilibrium; and, with one exception, all genotypic frequencies conformed to Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium expectations.","impression_tracking_id":null,"owner":{"id":4533491,"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gow","page_name":"JenniferGow","domain_name":"ubc","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:05:33.399-07:00","display_name":"Jennifer Gow","url":"https://ubc.academia.edu/JenniferGow"},"attachments":[{"id":31695007,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg","file_name":"Gow_et_al_2006_Anolis.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31695007/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Ten_polymorphic_tetranucleotide_microsat.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31695007/Gow_et_al_2006_Anolis-libre.pdf?1391436082=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTen_polymorphic_tetranucleotide_microsat.pdf\u0026Expires=1744283982\u0026Signature=G~iVekn0mdRTInzAYwZ04yFnpwhQCHSutFvZahfOz-6oJjJ6zWibq5vYbsxb2xIESnE-fU2UgGKmdifS4LTQR76DeAtjrbTH-2GxtbgMYw4JmQoYVfYr9CLeSUFjiBDHWrnnVlG3CdhuUJGl0Ns-hM9rAfhZfGAVM0QdSs99I3TAV4k-BZqO4b-q~tpiITwvRUZPkw7U4zP6XfhN9J-xNGMDjCGDT1nuC0Nu4avmqllEtxGmbVDO4Ca0qdFwVhiT1Yyjd9SVrl5PhU620nXCnGf6cqfIg9fUpEfYFI77QBN09nGLcFATo-HrHfcYiVi0QKejv8dSdpNtT3dXvS1xVQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[{"id":1435126,"url":"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1471-8286.2006.01382.x/abstract"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-3704909-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="3704912"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/3704912/Contrasting_hybridization_rates_between_sympatric_three_spined_sticklebacks_highlight_the_fragility_of_reproductive_barriers_between_evolutionarily_young_species"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Contrasting hybridization rates between sympatric three-spined sticklebacks highlight the fragility of reproductive barriers between evolutionarily young species" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/31694461/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/3704912/Contrasting_hybridization_rates_between_sympatric_three_spined_sticklebacks_highlight_the_fragility_of_reproductive_barriers_between_evolutionarily_young_species">Contrasting hybridization rates between sympatric three-spined sticklebacks highlight the fragility of reproductive barriers between evolutionarily young species</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Molecular Ecology</span><span>, 2006</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) are a powerful evolutionary model system due t...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) are a powerful evolutionary model system due to the rapid and repeated phenotypic divergence of freshwater forms from a marine ancestor throughout the Northern Hemisphere. Many of these recently derived populations are found in overlapping habitats, yet are reproductively isolated from each other. This scenario provides excellent opportunities to investigate the mechanisms driving speciation in natural populations. Genetically distinguishing between such recently derived species, however, can create difficulties in exploring the ecological and genetic factors defining species boundaries, an essential component to our understanding of speciation. We overcame these limitations and increased the power of analyses by selecting highly discriminatory markers from the battery of genetic markers now available. Using species diagnostic molecular profiles, we quantified levels of hybridization and introgression within three sympatric species pairs of three-spined stickleback. Sticklebacks within Priest and Paxton lakes exhibit a low level of natural hybridization and provide support for the role of reinforcement in maintaining distinct species in sympatry. In contrast, our study provides further evidence for a continued breakdown of the Enos Lake species pair into a hybrid swarm, with biased introgression of the ‘limnetic’ species into that of the ‘benthic’; a situation that highlights the delicate balance between persistence and breakdown of reproductive barriers between young species. A similar strategy utilizing the stickleback microsatellite resource can also be applied to answer an array of biological questions in other species’ pair systems in this geographically widespread and phenotypically diverse model organism.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="3e5c3e78a8c8045d8400440d504cbe18" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":31694461,"asset_id":3704912,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31694461/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="3704912"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="3704912"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704912; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704912]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704912]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704912; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='3704912']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "3e5c3e78a8c8045d8400440d504cbe18" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=3704912]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":3704912,"title":"Contrasting hybridization rates between sympatric three-spined sticklebacks highlight the fragility of reproductive barriers between evolutionarily young species","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) are a powerful evolutionary model system due to the rapid and repeated phenotypic divergence of freshwater forms from a marine ancestor throughout the Northern Hemisphere. Many of these recently derived populations are found in overlapping habitats, yet are reproductively isolated from each other. This scenario provides excellent opportunities to investigate the mechanisms driving speciation in natural populations. Genetically distinguishing between such recently derived species, however, can create difficulties in exploring the ecological and genetic factors defining species boundaries, an essential component to our understanding of speciation. We overcame these limitations and increased the power of analyses by selecting highly discriminatory markers from the battery of genetic markers now available. Using species diagnostic molecular profiles, we quantified levels of hybridization and introgression within three sympatric species pairs of three-spined stickleback. Sticklebacks within Priest and Paxton lakes exhibit a low level of natural hybridization and provide support for the role of reinforcement in maintaining distinct species in sympatry. In contrast, our study provides further evidence for a continued breakdown of the Enos Lake species pair into a hybrid swarm, with biased introgression of the ‘limnetic’ species into that of the ‘benthic’; a situation that highlights the delicate balance between persistence and breakdown of reproductive barriers between young species. A similar strategy utilizing the stickleback microsatellite resource can also be applied to answer an array of biological questions in other species’ pair systems in this geographically widespread and phenotypically diverse model organism.","ai_title_tag":"Hybridization and Reproductive Barriers in Sticklebacks","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2006,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Molecular Ecology"},"translated_abstract":"Three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) are a powerful evolutionary model system due to the rapid and repeated phenotypic divergence of freshwater forms from a marine ancestor throughout the Northern Hemisphere. Many of these recently derived populations are found in overlapping habitats, yet are reproductively isolated from each other. This scenario provides excellent opportunities to investigate the mechanisms driving speciation in natural populations. Genetically distinguishing between such recently derived species, however, can create difficulties in exploring the ecological and genetic factors defining species boundaries, an essential component to our understanding of speciation. We overcame these limitations and increased the power of analyses by selecting highly discriminatory markers from the battery of genetic markers now available. Using species diagnostic molecular profiles, we quantified levels of hybridization and introgression within three sympatric species pairs of three-spined stickleback. Sticklebacks within Priest and Paxton lakes exhibit a low level of natural hybridization and provide support for the role of reinforcement in maintaining distinct species in sympatry. In contrast, our study provides further evidence for a continued breakdown of the Enos Lake species pair into a hybrid swarm, with biased introgression of the ‘limnetic’ species into that of the ‘benthic’; a situation that highlights the delicate balance between persistence and breakdown of reproductive barriers between young species. A similar strategy utilizing the stickleback microsatellite resource can also be applied to answer an array of biological questions in other species’ pair systems in this geographically widespread and phenotypically diverse model organism.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/3704912/Contrasting_hybridization_rates_between_sympatric_three_spined_sticklebacks_highlight_the_fragility_of_reproductive_barriers_between_evolutionarily_young_species","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:06:47.611-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":4533491,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31694461,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/31694461/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Gow_et_al_Mol_Ecol_2006.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31694461/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Contrasting_hybridization_rates_between.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31694461/Gow_et_al_Mol_Ecol_2006-libre.pdf?1392302552=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DContrasting_hybridization_rates_between.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340793\u0026Signature=KXg31nTkyRWgjTNLyDg9oZJu5j9AeGrzjt~e-Izz5A2LQtCZkyL4AsvycaahDw-DCu19AuW8iYEyTLnjsD7QR1Wnr8RHnE4CgczliezzIT61ogmlTQci6nVyJPJo8gzeQUhVG5I2HfUztT--A4ZPTOCLPjw8DMG8HLL-Gd1rnQ8~rdzy7Ks0OozropRfwjpsGu36OBNoL3Y354cJeolyA1wZ0pOb1cHQ8eQ4cpni7OcQBS65tv3S7Gosiqi3aBEHrf4E6CPFT7DxMOHcF~mTVlIrsWQDh8crKZGDmdhWm4mNVQ7o1T0NiddcxtiMhkkY-7rrKBgoWO5up9onvT8H9Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Contrasting_hybridization_rates_between_sympatric_three_spined_sticklebacks_highlight_the_fragility_of_reproductive_barriers_between_evolutionarily_young_species","translated_slug":"","page_count":33,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) are a powerful evolutionary model system due to the rapid and repeated phenotypic divergence of freshwater forms from a marine ancestor throughout the Northern Hemisphere. Many of these recently derived populations are found in overlapping habitats, yet are reproductively isolated from each other. This scenario provides excellent opportunities to investigate the mechanisms driving speciation in natural populations. Genetically distinguishing between such recently derived species, however, can create difficulties in exploring the ecological and genetic factors defining species boundaries, an essential component to our understanding of speciation. We overcame these limitations and increased the power of analyses by selecting highly discriminatory markers from the battery of genetic markers now available. Using species diagnostic molecular profiles, we quantified levels of hybridization and introgression within three sympatric species pairs of three-spined stickleback. Sticklebacks within Priest and Paxton lakes exhibit a low level of natural hybridization and provide support for the role of reinforcement in maintaining distinct species in sympatry. In contrast, our study provides further evidence for a continued breakdown of the Enos Lake species pair into a hybrid swarm, with biased introgression of the ‘limnetic’ species into that of the ‘benthic’; a situation that highlights the delicate balance between persistence and breakdown of reproductive barriers between young species. A similar strategy utilizing the stickleback microsatellite resource can also be applied to answer an array of biological questions in other species’ pair systems in this geographically widespread and phenotypically diverse model organism.","impression_tracking_id":null,"owner":{"id":4533491,"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gow","page_name":"JenniferGow","domain_name":"ubc","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:05:33.399-07:00","display_name":"Jennifer Gow","url":"https://ubc.academia.edu/JenniferGow"},"attachments":[{"id":31694461,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/31694461/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Gow_et_al_Mol_Ecol_2006.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31694461/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Contrasting_hybridization_rates_between.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31694461/Gow_et_al_Mol_Ecol_2006-libre.pdf?1392302552=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DContrasting_hybridization_rates_between.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340793\u0026Signature=KXg31nTkyRWgjTNLyDg9oZJu5j9AeGrzjt~e-Izz5A2LQtCZkyL4AsvycaahDw-DCu19AuW8iYEyTLnjsD7QR1Wnr8RHnE4CgczliezzIT61ogmlTQci6nVyJPJo8gzeQUhVG5I2HfUztT--A4ZPTOCLPjw8DMG8HLL-Gd1rnQ8~rdzy7Ks0OozropRfwjpsGu36OBNoL3Y354cJeolyA1wZ0pOb1cHQ8eQ4cpni7OcQBS65tv3S7Gosiqi3aBEHrf4E6CPFT7DxMOHcF~mTVlIrsWQDh8crKZGDmdhWm4mNVQ7o1T0NiddcxtiMhkkY-7rrKBgoWO5up9onvT8H9Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[{"id":1435130,"url":"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2006.02825.x/abstract"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-3704912-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="3704910"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/3704910/Speciation_in_reverse_morphological_and_genetic_evidence_of_the_collapse_of_a_three_spined_stickleback_Gasterosteus_aculeatus_species_pair"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Speciation in reverse: morphological and genetic evidence of the collapse of a three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) species pair" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/3704910/Speciation_in_reverse_morphological_and_genetic_evidence_of_the_collapse_of_a_three_spined_stickleback_Gasterosteus_aculeatus_species_pair">Speciation in reverse: morphological and genetic evidence of the collapse of a three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) species pair</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Molecular Ecology</span><span>, 2005</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Historically, six small lakes in southwestern British Columbia each contained a sympatric species...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Historically, six small lakes in southwestern British Columbia each contained a sympatric species pair of three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus). These pairs consisted of a ‘benthic’ and ‘limnetic’ species that had arisen postglacially and, in four of the lakes, independently. Sympatric sticklebacks are considered biological species because they are morphologically, ecologically and genetically distinct and because they are strongly reproductively isolated from one another. The restricted range of the species pairs places them at risk of extinction, and one of the pairs has gone extinct after the introduction of an exotic catfish. In another lake, Enos Lake, southeastern Vancouver Island, an earlier report suggested that its species pair is at risk from elevated levels of hybridization. We conducted a detailed morphological analysis, as well as genetic analysis of variation at five microsatellite loci for samples spanning a time frame of 1977 to 2002 to test the hypothesis that the pair in Enos Lake is collapsing into a hybrid swarm. Our morphological analysis showed a clear breakdown between benthics and limnetics. Bayesian model-based clustering indicated that two morphological clusters were evident in 1977 and 1988, which were replaced by 1997 by a single highly variable cluster. The most recent 2000 and 2002 samples confirm the breakdown. Microsatellite analysis corroborated the morphological results. Bayesian analyses of population structure in a sample collected in 1994 indicated two genetically distinct populations in Enos Lake, but only a single genetic population was evident in 1997, 2000, and 2002. In addition, genetic analyses of samples collected in 1997, 2000, and 2002 showed strong signals of ‘hybrids’; they were genetically intermediate to parental genotypes. Our results support the idea that the Enos Lake species pair is collapsing into a hybrid swarm. Although the precise mechanism(s) responsible for elevated hybridization in the lake is unknown, the demise of the Enos Lake species pair follows the appearance of an exotic crayfish, Pascifasticus lenisculus, in the early 1990s.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-3704910-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-3704910-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41861577/figure-1-the-initial-indication-that-enos-lake-might-contain"><img alt="The initial indication that Enos Lake might contain two species of sticklebacks was based on morphological obser- " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/31695051/figure_001.jpg" width="114" height="68" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41861587/figure-2-speciation-in-reverse-morphological-and-genetic"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/31695051/figure_002.jpg" width="114" height="68" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41861594/figure-3-total-of-times-each-with-burn-in-period-of-uuu"><img alt="total of 10 times, each with a ‘burn-in’ period of 90 UUU simulations to minimize the dependence of subsequent parameter estimates on starting values, followed by parameter estimation after a further 450 000 simulations. We used the log-likelihood ratio test to test for differences in the likelihoods of different models of population struc- ture in Enos Lake. The test statistic is 2(In L1-1n L2), where In L1 is the natural logarithm of the likelihood of the sim- plest model (i.e. one population) and In L2 (or In L3) is the log-likelihood of the more general model invoking two (or three) populations (Huelsenbeck & Rannala 1997). The test statistic has an approximately chi-squared distribution with the degrees of freedom equal to the number of addi- tional parameters (populations) in the more complex model (1 in the case of two populations, 2 in the case of three populations). In all cases except for the 1994 baseline sample, genetic analyses were conducted without prior knowledge of the level of morphological distinction within a particular sample. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/31695051/figure_003.jpg" width="114" height="68" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41861605/table-2-mean-and-variance-of-the-first-relative-warp-pc-of"><img alt="Table 2 Mean and variance (x 104) of the first relative warp (PC1) of morphological clusters for three-spined sticklebacks in each year Assignment tests " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/31695051/figure_004.jpg" width="114" height="68" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41861623/figure-5-plots-of-the-mean-scores-from-factorial"><img alt="Fig. 5 Plots of the mean scores from a factorial correspondence analysis (FCA) of variation at five microsatellite loci for Enos Lake three-spined sticklebacks collected across four years. Collection year is indicated next to each sample point, ‘Hybrids’ for simulated hybrids between 1994 Benthic and Limnetic samples. All samples are adult fish except for 2000 where adults (‘2000-A’) and juvenile (’2000-J’) samples are differentiated. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/31695051/figure_005.jpg" width="114" height="68" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41861637/figure-6-bivariate-plots-of-factorial-correspondence-scores"><img alt="Fig. 6 Bivariate plots of factorial correspondence scores (FCA) along FCA axis 1 for individual Enos Lake three-spined stick- lebacks derived from variation at five microsatellite loci and morphological warp score for the same fish for (A) 1997 and (B) 2000. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/31695051/figure_006.jpg" width="114" height="68" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41861647/table-1-sample-sizes-in-each-year-in-which-three-spined"><img alt="Table 1 Sample sizes in each year in which three-spined stickleback were sampled from Enos Lake. Dashes (—) indicate that no samples were available phological variability was marginally higher in 1988 than 1977, and the difference between species means was slightly less (Table 2). In contrast, the 1997, 2000, and 2002 collections showed only a single cluster of measurements. Morphological variability in the single cluster in these years was substantially higher than in earlier clusters (Table 2). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/31695051/table_001.jpg" width="114" height="68" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41861662/table-2-microsatellite-variation-across-the-five-loci-gene"><img alt="Microsatellite variation Across the five loci, gene diversity was high and ranged from 0.48 (1997 sample) to 0.61 (Enos limnetic 1994). The number of alleles adjusted to a common sample size of 25 individuals ranged from an average of 4.1 (1997 sample) to a high of 5.8 (Enos limnetic 1994). Tests for deviations from Hardy-Weinberg conditions indicated one significant deviation in the 1994 Enos limnetic sample (at Cir51). More deviations, however, were observed in the 1997 (four oci), 2000 (four loci), and 2002 (three loci) samples (Taylor et al., unpublished). Within any sample, only one test for inkage disequilibrium was significant (after adjusting for 10 tests within samples); Gac7 and Gac9 were found to be in significant disequilibrium within the 1997 sample (P < 0.005). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/31695051/table_002.jpg" width="114" height="68" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41861677/table-3-assignment-of-three-spined-sticklebacks-from-enos"><img alt="Table 3 Assignment of three-spined sticklebacks from Enos Lake to benthic, limnetic or hybrid categories shown as raw counts with percentages in parentheses Also shown is the mean difference (SD) in individual log- likelihood scores fish assigned as a benthic or limnetic. Assignment was based on variation at five microsatellite loci. All samples are for adult fish except for 2000 where J, juvenile stickleback; A, adult stickleback. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/31695051/table_003.jpg" width="114" height="68" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41861699/table-4-mean-likelihood-scores-and-their-standard-deviations"><img alt="Table 4 Mean likelihood scores and their standard deviations from 10 runs of the srrUCTURE program for each hypothesized number of populations (K) of three-spined sticklebacks inferred from variation at five microsatellite loci. Bold values are the most likely population structure “Indicates significantly most likely among models within a year, as determined by likelihood ratio tests. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/31695051/table_004.jpg" width="114" height="68" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-3704910-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="f36adb643228903896544434d902fff6" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":31695051,"asset_id":3704910,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31695051/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="3704910"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="3704910"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704910; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704910]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704910]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704910; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='3704910']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "f36adb643228903896544434d902fff6" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=3704910]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":3704910,"title":"Speciation in reverse: morphological and genetic evidence of the collapse of a three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) species pair","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Historically, six small lakes in southwestern British Columbia each contained a sympatric species pair of three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus). These pairs consisted of a ‘benthic’ and ‘limnetic’ species that had arisen postglacially and, in four of the lakes, independently. Sympatric sticklebacks are considered biological species because they are morphologically, ecologically and genetically distinct and because they are strongly reproductively isolated from one another. The restricted range of the species pairs places them at risk of extinction, and one of the pairs has gone extinct after the introduction of an exotic catfish. In another lake, Enos Lake, southeastern Vancouver Island, an earlier report suggested that its species pair is at risk from elevated levels of hybridization. We conducted a detailed morphological analysis, as well as genetic analysis of variation at five microsatellite loci for samples spanning a time frame of 1977 to 2002 to test the hypothesis that the pair in Enos Lake is collapsing into a hybrid swarm. Our morphological analysis showed a clear breakdown between benthics and limnetics. Bayesian model-based clustering indicated that two morphological clusters were evident in 1977 and 1988, which were replaced by 1997 by a single highly variable cluster. The most recent 2000 and 2002 samples confirm the breakdown. Microsatellite analysis corroborated the morphological results. Bayesian analyses of population structure in a sample collected in 1994 indicated two genetically distinct populations in Enos Lake, but only a single genetic population was evident in 1997, 2000, and 2002. In addition, genetic analyses of samples collected in 1997, 2000, and 2002 showed strong signals of ‘hybrids’; they were genetically intermediate to parental genotypes. Our results support the idea that the Enos Lake species pair is collapsing into a hybrid swarm. Although the precise mechanism(s) responsible for elevated hybridization in the lake is unknown, the demise of the Enos Lake species pair follows the appearance of an exotic crayfish, Pascifasticus lenisculus, in the early 1990s.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2005,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Molecular Ecology"},"translated_abstract":"Historically, six small lakes in southwestern British Columbia each contained a sympatric species pair of three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus). These pairs consisted of a ‘benthic’ and ‘limnetic’ species that had arisen postglacially and, in four of the lakes, independently. Sympatric sticklebacks are considered biological species because they are morphologically, ecologically and genetically distinct and because they are strongly reproductively isolated from one another. The restricted range of the species pairs places them at risk of extinction, and one of the pairs has gone extinct after the introduction of an exotic catfish. In another lake, Enos Lake, southeastern Vancouver Island, an earlier report suggested that its species pair is at risk from elevated levels of hybridization. We conducted a detailed morphological analysis, as well as genetic analysis of variation at five microsatellite loci for samples spanning a time frame of 1977 to 2002 to test the hypothesis that the pair in Enos Lake is collapsing into a hybrid swarm. Our morphological analysis showed a clear breakdown between benthics and limnetics. Bayesian model-based clustering indicated that two morphological clusters were evident in 1977 and 1988, which were replaced by 1997 by a single highly variable cluster. The most recent 2000 and 2002 samples confirm the breakdown. Microsatellite analysis corroborated the morphological results. Bayesian analyses of population structure in a sample collected in 1994 indicated two genetically distinct populations in Enos Lake, but only a single genetic population was evident in 1997, 2000, and 2002. In addition, genetic analyses of samples collected in 1997, 2000, and 2002 showed strong signals of ‘hybrids’; they were genetically intermediate to parental genotypes. Our results support the idea that the Enos Lake species pair is collapsing into a hybrid swarm. Although the precise mechanism(s) responsible for elevated hybridization in the lake is unknown, the demise of the Enos Lake species pair follows the appearance of an exotic crayfish, Pascifasticus lenisculus, in the early 1990s.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/3704910/Speciation_in_reverse_morphological_and_genetic_evidence_of_the_collapse_of_a_three_spined_stickleback_Gasterosteus_aculeatus_species_pair","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:06:15.000-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":4533491,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31695051,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg","file_name":"taylor_et_al_2005.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31695051/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Speciation_in_reverse_morphological_and.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31695051/taylor_et_al_2005-libre.pdf?1391433701=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSpeciation_in_reverse_morphological_and.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340793\u0026Signature=Fk57NGiJsuwtLlDj7u84OmyPsFuumjut346-bsrvVKyDvRBf~WYfdkrKhxuAtBj6Q2f~PLSMQGjZy9Xj0JRjvjwW4-5IC-DRksXYncPvnCXSlh4CAyLvhwGpzwT8FQPmeWJArR6uN0Ipsq5CdnoUeaQTHpXASwkfPqT47LanCuYDPDoTbDzqEvOIO22GTZCog5UwGffVLYWQo0CaWZR3flFYTWUum0nwAk9V3XR7y-utyQL4MZdADQpDSJDkkf9r-0WYHsPngAlfapYkMqaAsRBoCHS4oP28nOuSMtSf2ZdgXxTa3sLSoNCQh59jGzTxzKUqScw4wgZLbwP8XoeMdg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Speciation_in_reverse_morphological_and_genetic_evidence_of_the_collapse_of_a_three_spined_stickleback_Gasterosteus_aculeatus_species_pair","translated_slug":"","page_count":13,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Historically, six small lakes in southwestern British Columbia each contained a sympatric species pair of three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus). These pairs consisted of a ‘benthic’ and ‘limnetic’ species that had arisen postglacially and, in four of the lakes, independently. Sympatric sticklebacks are considered biological species because they are morphologically, ecologically and genetically distinct and because they are strongly reproductively isolated from one another. The restricted range of the species pairs places them at risk of extinction, and one of the pairs has gone extinct after the introduction of an exotic catfish. In another lake, Enos Lake, southeastern Vancouver Island, an earlier report suggested that its species pair is at risk from elevated levels of hybridization. We conducted a detailed morphological analysis, as well as genetic analysis of variation at five microsatellite loci for samples spanning a time frame of 1977 to 2002 to test the hypothesis that the pair in Enos Lake is collapsing into a hybrid swarm. Our morphological analysis showed a clear breakdown between benthics and limnetics. Bayesian model-based clustering indicated that two morphological clusters were evident in 1977 and 1988, which were replaced by 1997 by a single highly variable cluster. The most recent 2000 and 2002 samples confirm the breakdown. Microsatellite analysis corroborated the morphological results. Bayesian analyses of population structure in a sample collected in 1994 indicated two genetically distinct populations in Enos Lake, but only a single genetic population was evident in 1997, 2000, and 2002. In addition, genetic analyses of samples collected in 1997, 2000, and 2002 showed strong signals of ‘hybrids’; they were genetically intermediate to parental genotypes. Our results support the idea that the Enos Lake species pair is collapsing into a hybrid swarm. Although the precise mechanism(s) responsible for elevated hybridization in the lake is unknown, the demise of the Enos Lake species pair follows the appearance of an exotic crayfish, Pascifasticus lenisculus, in the early 1990s.","impression_tracking_id":null,"owner":{"id":4533491,"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gow","page_name":"JenniferGow","domain_name":"ubc","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:05:33.399-07:00","display_name":"Jennifer Gow","url":"https://ubc.academia.edu/JenniferGow"},"attachments":[{"id":31695051,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg","file_name":"taylor_et_al_2005.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31695051/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Speciation_in_reverse_morphological_and.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31695051/taylor_et_al_2005-libre.pdf?1391433701=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSpeciation_in_reverse_morphological_and.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340793\u0026Signature=Fk57NGiJsuwtLlDj7u84OmyPsFuumjut346-bsrvVKyDvRBf~WYfdkrKhxuAtBj6Q2f~PLSMQGjZy9Xj0JRjvjwW4-5IC-DRksXYncPvnCXSlh4CAyLvhwGpzwT8FQPmeWJArR6uN0Ipsq5CdnoUeaQTHpXASwkfPqT47LanCuYDPDoTbDzqEvOIO22GTZCog5UwGffVLYWQo0CaWZR3flFYTWUum0nwAk9V3XR7y-utyQL4MZdADQpDSJDkkf9r-0WYHsPngAlfapYkMqaAsRBoCHS4oP28nOuSMtSf2ZdgXxTa3sLSoNCQh59jGzTxzKUqScw4wgZLbwP8XoeMdg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[{"id":1435129,"url":"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2005.02794.x/abstract"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (true) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-3704910-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="3704914"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/3704914/Widespread_gene_flow_and_high_genetic_variability_in_populations_of_water_voles_Arvicola_terrestris_in_patchy_habitats"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Widespread gene flow and high genetic variability in populations of water voles Arvicola terrestris in patchy habitats" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/3704914/Widespread_gene_flow_and_high_genetic_variability_in_populations_of_water_voles_Arvicola_terrestris_in_patchy_habitats">Widespread gene flow and high genetic variability in populations of water voles Arvicola terrestris in patchy habitats</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Molecular Ecology</span><span>, 2006</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Theory predicts that the impact of gene flow on the genetic structure of populations in patchy ha...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Theory predicts that the impact of gene flow on the genetic structure of populations in patchy habitats depends on its scale and the demographic attributes of demes (e.g. local colony sizes and timing of reproduction), but empirical evidence is scarce. We inferred the impact of gene flow on genetic structure among populations of water voles Arvicola terrestris that differed in average colony sizes, population turnover and degree of patchiness. Colonies typically consisted of few reproducing adults and several juveniles. Twelve polymorphic microsatellite DNA loci were examined. Levels of individual genetic variability in all areas were high (HO= 0.69–0.78). Assignments of juveniles to parents revealed frequent dispersal over long distances. The populations showed negative FIS values among juveniles, FIS values around zero among adults, high FST values among colonies for juveniles, and moderate, often insignificant, FST values for parents. We inferred that excess heterozygosity within colonies reflected the few individuals dispersing from a large area to form discrete breeding colonies. Thus pre-breeding dispersal followed by rapid reproduction results in a seasonal increase in differentiation due to local family groups. Genetic variation was as high in low-density populations in patchy habitats as in populations in continuous habitats used for comparison. In contrast to most theoretical predictions, we found that populations living in patchy habitats can maintain high levels of genetic variability when only a few adults contribute to breeding in each colony, when the variance of reproductive success among colonies is likely to be low, and when dispersal between colonies exceeds nearest-neighbour distances.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="9650a1a3cb3f0d47a4c9c4d8af5483bc" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":31695057,"asset_id":3704914,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31695057/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="3704914"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="3704914"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704914; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704914]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704914]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704914; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='3704914']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "9650a1a3cb3f0d47a4c9c4d8af5483bc" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=3704914]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":3704914,"title":"Widespread gene flow and high genetic variability in populations of water voles Arvicola terrestris in patchy habitats","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Theory predicts that the impact of gene flow on the genetic structure of populations in patchy habitats depends on its scale and the demographic attributes of demes (e.g. local colony sizes and timing of reproduction), but empirical evidence is scarce. We inferred the impact of gene flow on genetic structure among populations of water voles Arvicola terrestris that differed in average colony sizes, population turnover and degree of patchiness. Colonies typically consisted of few reproducing adults and several juveniles. Twelve polymorphic microsatellite DNA loci were examined. Levels of individual genetic variability in all areas were high (HO= 0.69–0.78). Assignments of juveniles to parents revealed frequent dispersal over long distances. The populations showed negative FIS values among juveniles, FIS values around zero among adults, high FST values among colonies for juveniles, and moderate, often insignificant, FST values for parents. We inferred that excess heterozygosity within colonies reflected the few individuals dispersing from a large area to form discrete breeding colonies. Thus pre-breeding dispersal followed by rapid reproduction results in a seasonal increase in differentiation due to local family groups. Genetic variation was as high in low-density populations in patchy habitats as in populations in continuous habitats used for comparison. In contrast to most theoretical predictions, we found that populations living in patchy habitats can maintain high levels of genetic variability when only a few adults contribute to breeding in each colony, when the variance of reproductive success among colonies is likely to be low, and when dispersal between colonies exceeds nearest-neighbour distances.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2006,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Molecular Ecology"},"translated_abstract":"Theory predicts that the impact of gene flow on the genetic structure of populations in patchy habitats depends on its scale and the demographic attributes of demes (e.g. local colony sizes and timing of reproduction), but empirical evidence is scarce. We inferred the impact of gene flow on genetic structure among populations of water voles Arvicola terrestris that differed in average colony sizes, population turnover and degree of patchiness. Colonies typically consisted of few reproducing adults and several juveniles. Twelve polymorphic microsatellite DNA loci were examined. Levels of individual genetic variability in all areas were high (HO= 0.69–0.78). Assignments of juveniles to parents revealed frequent dispersal over long distances. The populations showed negative FIS values among juveniles, FIS values around zero among adults, high FST values among colonies for juveniles, and moderate, often insignificant, FST values for parents. We inferred that excess heterozygosity within colonies reflected the few individuals dispersing from a large area to form discrete breeding colonies. Thus pre-breeding dispersal followed by rapid reproduction results in a seasonal increase in differentiation due to local family groups. Genetic variation was as high in low-density populations in patchy habitats as in populations in continuous habitats used for comparison. In contrast to most theoretical predictions, we found that populations living in patchy habitats can maintain high levels of genetic variability when only a few adults contribute to breeding in each colony, when the variance of reproductive success among colonies is likely to be low, and when dispersal between colonies exceeds nearest-neighbour distances.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/3704914/Widespread_gene_flow_and_high_genetic_variability_in_populations_of_water_voles_Arvicola_terrestris_in_patchy_habitats","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:07:00.759-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":4533491,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31695057,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg","file_name":"Aars_et_al_2006.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31695057/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Widespread_gene_flow_and_high_genetic_va.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31695057/Aars_et_al_2006-libre.pdf?1392426978=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DWidespread_gene_flow_and_high_genetic_va.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340793\u0026Signature=XrkoeDG1YKiBwNvK7xl6hcNeFr0Y~~Bpc-jV57hduToo8x3MYsdw3I4iIQ3QDnBinW4V7NkH-uPpBk9tnY2a1hvnoVYTG35jxFavxuy~L2zbkaYqNRziArBE5ecB020w9lumQlSU8d~5~hQTEEaIA-EbgWWuOzztzIVSEDnEnQ6xn-uVBChcRXlxhmCNQrPZIHLGbnEKiKLzZfVeVfk8PAZaWPbPypLL8BV5uMFKDvB4OHYHgiZBr4cd-K7L4AxvxcXFh61oAIxZXeEJMhvwzCBc~cJkr~A4HZZsSOXPILdYZCZS6qsZpO0OVQvMy~N2nNznUvUlRIUvsaJtSw0mvQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Widespread_gene_flow_and_high_genetic_variability_in_populations_of_water_voles_Arvicola_terrestris_in_patchy_habitats","translated_slug":"","page_count":12,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Theory predicts that the impact of gene flow on the genetic structure of populations in patchy habitats depends on its scale and the demographic attributes of demes (e.g. local colony sizes and timing of reproduction), but empirical evidence is scarce. We inferred the impact of gene flow on genetic structure among populations of water voles Arvicola terrestris that differed in average colony sizes, population turnover and degree of patchiness. Colonies typically consisted of few reproducing adults and several juveniles. Twelve polymorphic microsatellite DNA loci were examined. Levels of individual genetic variability in all areas were high (HO= 0.69–0.78). Assignments of juveniles to parents revealed frequent dispersal over long distances. The populations showed negative FIS values among juveniles, FIS values around zero among adults, high FST values among colonies for juveniles, and moderate, often insignificant, FST values for parents. We inferred that excess heterozygosity within colonies reflected the few individuals dispersing from a large area to form discrete breeding colonies. Thus pre-breeding dispersal followed by rapid reproduction results in a seasonal increase in differentiation due to local family groups. Genetic variation was as high in low-density populations in patchy habitats as in populations in continuous habitats used for comparison. In contrast to most theoretical predictions, we found that populations living in patchy habitats can maintain high levels of genetic variability when only a few adults contribute to breeding in each colony, when the variance of reproductive success among colonies is likely to be low, and when dispersal between colonies exceeds nearest-neighbour distances.","impression_tracking_id":null,"owner":{"id":4533491,"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gow","page_name":"JenniferGow","domain_name":"ubc","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:05:33.399-07:00","display_name":"Jennifer Gow","url":"https://ubc.academia.edu/JenniferGow"},"attachments":[{"id":31695057,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg","file_name":"Aars_et_al_2006.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31695057/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Widespread_gene_flow_and_high_genetic_va.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31695057/Aars_et_al_2006-libre.pdf?1392426978=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DWidespread_gene_flow_and_high_genetic_va.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340793\u0026Signature=XrkoeDG1YKiBwNvK7xl6hcNeFr0Y~~Bpc-jV57hduToo8x3MYsdw3I4iIQ3QDnBinW4V7NkH-uPpBk9tnY2a1hvnoVYTG35jxFavxuy~L2zbkaYqNRziArBE5ecB020w9lumQlSU8d~5~hQTEEaIA-EbgWWuOzztzIVSEDnEnQ6xn-uVBChcRXlxhmCNQrPZIHLGbnEKiKLzZfVeVfk8PAZaWPbPypLL8BV5uMFKDvB4OHYHgiZBr4cd-K7L4AxvxcXFh61oAIxZXeEJMhvwzCBc~cJkr~A4HZZsSOXPILdYZCZS6qsZpO0OVQvMy~N2nNznUvUlRIUvsaJtSw0mvQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[{"id":1435132,"url":"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2006.02889.x/abstract"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-3704914-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="3704918"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/3704918/High_levels_of_selfing_are_revealed_by_a_parent_offspring_analysis_of_the_medically_important_freshwater_snail_Bulinus_forskalii_Gastropoda_Pulmonata_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of High levels of selfing are revealed by a parent-offspring analysis of the medically important freshwater snail, Bulinus forskalii (Gastropoda: Pulmonata)" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/3704918/High_levels_of_selfing_are_revealed_by_a_parent_offspring_analysis_of_the_medically_important_freshwater_snail_Bulinus_forskalii_Gastropoda_Pulmonata_">High levels of selfing are revealed by a parent-offspring analysis of the medically important freshwater snail, Bulinus forskalii (Gastropoda: Pulmonata)</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Molluscan Studies</span><span>, 2005</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The hermaphroditic freshwater snail Bulinus forskalii acts as intermediate host for the trematode...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The hermaphroditic freshwater snail Bulinus forskalii acts as intermediate host for the trematode Schistosoma guineensis, an agent of human intestinal schistosomiasis. Despite the medical importance of this snail, little is known about its mating system, even though this influences the epidemiology of schistosomiasis. Therefore, a parent-offspring analysis was carried out to elucidate its mating system. Eleven highly polymorphic microsatellites generated multilocus genotypes, enabling parentage assignment to all of the 432 offspring reared from 28 pairs of laboratory-bred B. forskalii. Ninety percent of progeny were of uniparental origin, and only six pairs (21% of parents) produced mixed clutches of crossed and selfed progeny. No pair reproduced exclusively by outcrossing. These results provide compelling evidence that B. forskalii has a mixed mating system dominated by uniparental reproduction, in agreement with indirect assessments from studies of population genetic structure and inbreeding effects. This reproductive strategy may be pivotal to the persistence of B. forskalii in its patchy, temporally unstable habitats, as well as helping it to cope with its parasitic burden.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-3704918-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-3704918-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/21734351/figure-1-origin-of-bulinus-forskalii-collected-for-use-in"><img alt="Figure 1. Origin of Bulinus forskalii collected for use in the mating experiment. A. Map. B. Key. The experimental design is summarized in Figure 2. F) virgir snails for use in a cross-mating experiment were obtained fron wild-caught snails; egg masses were separated from parents anc " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/31695061/figure_001.jpg" width="114" height="68" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/21734363/figure-2-summary-of-the-experimental-mating-design-adapted"><img alt="Figure 2. Summary of the experimental mating design (adapted from Njiokou ef al., 1993). Po, Fy, Fo and Fs refer to wild caught snails and first, second and third laboratory generation snails, respectively; N, is the number of sexually mature individuals; .V, is the number of individuals used in pairings; n, is the number of offspring reared to sampling size from breeding pairs; * , highlights Fy backcrosses. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/31695061/figure_002.jpg" width="114" height="68" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/21734373/table-1-number-of-progeny-produced-by-diflerent-reproductive"><img alt="Table I. Number of progeny produced by diflerent reproductive modes (selfing or outcrossing) from experimentally paired Budinus forskali. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/31695061/table_001.jpg" width="114" height="68" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-3704918-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="c73a55fedf06909414cbee362fff6daf" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":31695061,"asset_id":3704918,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31695061/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="3704918"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="3704918"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704918; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704918]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704918]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704918; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='3704918']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "c73a55fedf06909414cbee362fff6daf" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=3704918]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":3704918,"title":"High levels of selfing are revealed by a parent-offspring analysis of the medically important freshwater snail, Bulinus forskalii (Gastropoda: Pulmonata)","translated_title":"","metadata":{"grobid_abstract":"The hermaphroditic freshwater snail Bulinus forskalii acts as intermediate host for the trematode Schistosoma guineensis, an agent of human intestinal schistosomiasis. Despite the medical importance of this snail, little is known about its mating system, even though this influences the epidemiology of schistosomiasis. Therefore, a parent-offspring analysis was carried out to elucidate its mating system. Eleven highly polymorphic microsatellites generated multilocus genotypes, enabling parentage assignment to all of the 432 offspring reared from 28 pairs of laboratory-bred B. forskalii. Ninety percent of progeny were of uniparental origin, and only six pairs (21% of parents) produced mixed clutches of crossed and selfed progeny. No pair reproduced exclusively by outcrossing. These results provide compelling evidence that B. forskalii has a mixed mating system dominated by uniparental reproduction, in agreement with indirect assessments from studies of population genetic structure and inbreeding effects. This reproductive strategy may be pivotal to the persistence of B. forskalii in its patchy, temporally unstable habitats, as well as helping it to cope with its parasitic burden.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2005,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Journal of Molluscan Studies","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":31695061},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/3704918/High_levels_of_selfing_are_revealed_by_a_parent_offspring_analysis_of_the_medically_important_freshwater_snail_Bulinus_forskalii_Gastropoda_Pulmonata_","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:07:27.972-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":4533491,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31695061,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg","file_name":"Gow_et_al_2005.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31695061/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"High_levels_of_selfing_are_revealed_by_a.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31695061/Gow_et_al_2005-libre.pdf?1391436347=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DHigh_levels_of_selfing_are_revealed_by_a.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340793\u0026Signature=GQKckjMlwyb5DqrE6t8syoyAA8xcSwXcTvHz4buqwlK~IJlOb37dumcShp2w0DXOaHk0i4KVuuygX8-WWwiwCa5LY7VbtuLys~~jw3C0zqIDO7o319~gj8crNS0Z5~3hCCPFDiuIBjEw09vqAhJYGgRMwfhmrHTSas3P05SKW9xHU9mspPEpbW4Wglz34IsQ9v-YRnIfuAfVlwAlm7oSYVyNdJJtFdjETam0renc6So2KnRNiukQOJxLZUn1eSKr2SzrvwtN5CT~E2hJWaPAcFtjkRf4aHPGG5IcovM4~0D7n1aLzoAJO1K8Jx03Lz~uT~xwC1d63S62Rl8IgL2VVw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"High_levels_of_selfing_are_revealed_by_a_parent_offspring_analysis_of_the_medically_important_freshwater_snail_Bulinus_forskalii_Gastropoda_Pulmonata_","translated_slug":"","page_count":6,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"The hermaphroditic freshwater snail Bulinus forskalii acts as intermediate host for the trematode Schistosoma guineensis, an agent of human intestinal schistosomiasis. Despite the medical importance of this snail, little is known about its mating system, even though this influences the epidemiology of schistosomiasis. Therefore, a parent-offspring analysis was carried out to elucidate its mating system. Eleven highly polymorphic microsatellites generated multilocus genotypes, enabling parentage assignment to all of the 432 offspring reared from 28 pairs of laboratory-bred B. forskalii. Ninety percent of progeny were of uniparental origin, and only six pairs (21% of parents) produced mixed clutches of crossed and selfed progeny. No pair reproduced exclusively by outcrossing. These results provide compelling evidence that B. forskalii has a mixed mating system dominated by uniparental reproduction, in agreement with indirect assessments from studies of population genetic structure and inbreeding effects. This reproductive strategy may be pivotal to the persistence of B. forskalii in its patchy, temporally unstable habitats, as well as helping it to cope with its parasitic burden.","impression_tracking_id":null,"owner":{"id":4533491,"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gow","page_name":"JenniferGow","domain_name":"ubc","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:05:33.399-07:00","display_name":"Jennifer Gow","url":"https://ubc.academia.edu/JenniferGow"},"attachments":[{"id":31695061,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg","file_name":"Gow_et_al_2005.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31695061/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"High_levels_of_selfing_are_revealed_by_a.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31695061/Gow_et_al_2005-libre.pdf?1391436347=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DHigh_levels_of_selfing_are_revealed_by_a.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340793\u0026Signature=GQKckjMlwyb5DqrE6t8syoyAA8xcSwXcTvHz4buqwlK~IJlOb37dumcShp2w0DXOaHk0i4KVuuygX8-WWwiwCa5LY7VbtuLys~~jw3C0zqIDO7o319~gj8crNS0Z5~3hCCPFDiuIBjEw09vqAhJYGgRMwfhmrHTSas3P05SKW9xHU9mspPEpbW4Wglz34IsQ9v-YRnIfuAfVlwAlm7oSYVyNdJJtFdjETam0renc6So2KnRNiukQOJxLZUn1eSKr2SzrvwtN5CT~E2hJWaPAcFtjkRf4aHPGG5IcovM4~0D7n1aLzoAJO1K8Jx03Lz~uT~xwC1d63S62Rl8IgL2VVw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[{"id":1435134,"url":"http://mollus.oxfordjournals.org/content/71/2/175.full.pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (true) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-3704918-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="3704928"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/3704928/A_high_incidence_of_clustered_microsatellite_mutations_revealed_by_parent_offspring_analysis_in_the_African_freshwater_snail_Bulinus_forskalii_Gastropoda_Pulmonata_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A high incidence of clustered microsatellite mutations revealed by parent-offspring analysis in the African freshwater snail, Bulinus forskalii (Gastropoda, Pulmonata)" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/3704928/A_high_incidence_of_clustered_microsatellite_mutations_revealed_by_parent_offspring_analysis_in_the_African_freshwater_snail_Bulinus_forskalii_Gastropoda_Pulmonata_">A high incidence of clustered microsatellite mutations revealed by parent-offspring analysis in the African freshwater snail, Bulinus forskalii (Gastropoda, Pulmonata)</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Genetica</span><span>, 2005</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Genotyping of 11 microsatellites in 432 offspring from 28 families of the hermaphroditic, freshwa...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Genotyping of 11 microsatellites in 432 offspring from 28 families of the hermaphroditic, freshwater snail Bulinus forskalii detected 10 de novo mutant alleles. This gave an estimated mutation rate of 1.1 × 10−3 per locus per gamete per generation. There was a trend towards repeat length expansion and, unlike most studies, multi-step mutations predominated, suggesting that the microsatellite mutation process does not conform to a strict stepwise mutation model. Interestingly, the ten mutant alleles appear to have arisen from only six independent germline mutation events within the microsatellite array, with seven of them residing in three mutational clusters. Our results extend observations of clustered microsatellite mutations to another taxonomic group and type of mating system, self-fertile gastropods, and provide compelling evidence of premeiotic germline mutations, a phenomenon that could greatly impact upon our understanding of mutation dynamics but which has received little attention.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="e832558d76b679ee63e0b40a36e822b3" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":31695064,"asset_id":3704928,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31695064/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="3704928"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="3704928"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704928; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704928]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704928]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704928; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='3704928']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "e832558d76b679ee63e0b40a36e822b3" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=3704928]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":3704928,"title":"A high incidence of clustered microsatellite mutations revealed by parent-offspring analysis in the African freshwater snail, Bulinus forskalii (Gastropoda, Pulmonata)","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Genotyping of 11 microsatellites in 432 offspring from 28 families of the hermaphroditic, freshwater snail Bulinus forskalii detected 10 de novo mutant alleles. 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Interestingly, the ten mutant alleles appear to have arisen from only six independent germline mutation events within the microsatellite array, with seven of them residing in three mutational clusters. 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Levels of genetic variation at 11 microsatellite loci were assessed for 600 individuals sampled from 19 populations that span three ecological and climatic zones (ecozones) in Cameroon, West Africa. Significant heterozygote deficiencies and linkage disequilibria indicated very high selfing rates in these populations. Despite this and the large genetic differentiation detected between populations, high levels of genetic variation were harboured within these populations. The high level of gene flow inferred from assignment tests may be responsible for this pattern. Indeed, metapopulation dynamics, including high levels of gene flow as well as extinction/contraction and recolonization events, are invoked to account for the observed population structuring, which was not a consequence of isolation-by-distance. Because B. forskalii populations inhabiting the northern, Sahelian area are subject to more pronounced annual cycles of drought and flood than the southern equatorial ones, they were expected to be subject to population bottlenecks of increased frequency and severity and, therefore, show reduced genetic variability and elevated population differentiation. Contrary to predictions, the populations inhabiting the most northerly ecozone exhibited higher genetic diversity and lower genetic differentiation than those in the most southerly one, suggesting that elevated gene flow in this region is counteracting genetic drift.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="e22bc4c11e0acfd3b1ab2275f87b827f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":31695074,"asset_id":3704908,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31695074/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="3704908"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="3704908"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704908; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704908]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704908]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704908; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='3704908']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "e22bc4c11e0acfd3b1ab2275f87b827f" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=3704908]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":3704908,"title":"Breeding system and demography shape population genetic structure across ecological and climatic zones in the African freshwater snail, Bulinus forskalii (Gastropoda, Pulmonata), intermediate host for schistosomes","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The role of breeding system and population bottlenecks in shaping the distribution of neutral genetic variation among populations inhabiting patchily distributed, ephemeral water bodies was examined for the hermaphroditic freshwater snail Bulinus forskalii, intermediate host for the medically important trematode Schistosoma guineensis. Levels of genetic variation at 11 microsatellite loci were assessed for 600 individuals sampled from 19 populations that span three ecological and climatic zones (ecozones) in Cameroon, West Africa. Significant heterozygote deficiencies and linkage disequilibria indicated very high selfing rates in these populations. Despite this and the large genetic differentiation detected between populations, high levels of genetic variation were harboured within these populations. The high level of gene flow inferred from assignment tests may be responsible for this pattern. Indeed, metapopulation dynamics, including high levels of gene flow as well as extinction/contraction and recolonization events, are invoked to account for the observed population structuring, which was not a consequence of isolation-by-distance. Because B. forskalii populations inhabiting the northern, Sahelian area are subject to more pronounced annual cycles of drought and flood than the southern equatorial ones, they were expected to be subject to population bottlenecks of increased frequency and severity and, therefore, show reduced genetic variability and elevated population differentiation. 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Significant heterozygote deficiencies and linkage disequilibria indicated very high selfing rates in these populations. Despite this and the large genetic differentiation detected between populations, high levels of genetic variation were harboured within these populations. The high level of gene flow inferred from assignment tests may be responsible for this pattern. Indeed, metapopulation dynamics, including high levels of gene flow as well as extinction/contraction and recolonization events, are invoked to account for the observed population structuring, which was not a consequence of isolation-by-distance. Because B. forskalii populations inhabiting the northern, Sahelian area are subject to more pronounced annual cycles of drought and flood than the southern equatorial ones, they were expected to be subject to population bottlenecks of increased frequency and severity and, therefore, show reduced genetic variability and elevated population differentiation. Contrary to predictions, the populations inhabiting the most northerly ecozone exhibited higher genetic diversity and lower genetic differentiation than those in the most southerly one, suggesting that elevated gene flow in this region is counteracting genetic drift.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/3704908/Breeding_system_and_demography_shape_population_genetic_structure_across_ecological_and_climatic_zones_in_the_African_freshwater_snail_Bulinus_forskalii_Gastropoda_Pulmonata_intermediate_host_for_schistosomes","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:06:07.902-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":4533491,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31695074,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg","file_name":"Gow_et_al_2004.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31695074/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Breeding_system_and_demography_shape_pop.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31695074/Gow_et_al_2004-libre.pdf?1391445423=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DBreeding_system_and_demography_shape_pop.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340793\u0026Signature=diBZueaVjAVIFBXSQ~GLdupdM2aBOYUGP9lfe4KGOVS5ZgmY2eAf-jXYckDLVKtaRZhKsOuhIGVRGNIvUahSHrf4CemqCvq6yH3fTGi7Kr-TKXwl~vFPcoovclvgzQDbB7TE23mM8BUTzVSRUoviKhUJlJeeHR4Nrvs8UOFoIbU3zsZZCT8DV2A~TLYxrFSSLlquaaCqw146zy5ba3En28uDXtyteAaByDSZJZlfK~GN0R~50aoaNgCTgbswnjlUWVvxfyaZxiDOnxPTvLTgDKnDkk5PxH1~JCSBYm0sAdR7bznhRd7yBOfmdpvN5Y4KGI13-o2~LkJzicGdYuiPjA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Breeding_system_and_demography_shape_population_genetic_structure_across_ecological_and_climatic_zones_in_the_African_freshwater_snail_Bulinus_forskalii_Gastropoda_Pulmonata_intermediate_host_for_schistosomes","translated_slug":"","page_count":13,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"The role of breeding system and population bottlenecks in shaping the distribution of neutral genetic variation among populations inhabiting patchily distributed, ephemeral water bodies was examined for the hermaphroditic freshwater snail Bulinus forskalii, intermediate host for the medically important trematode Schistosoma guineensis. Levels of genetic variation at 11 microsatellite loci were assessed for 600 individuals sampled from 19 populations that span three ecological and climatic zones (ecozones) in Cameroon, West Africa. Significant heterozygote deficiencies and linkage disequilibria indicated very high selfing rates in these populations. Despite this and the large genetic differentiation detected between populations, high levels of genetic variation were harboured within these populations. The high level of gene flow inferred from assignment tests may be responsible for this pattern. Indeed, metapopulation dynamics, including high levels of gene flow as well as extinction/contraction and recolonization events, are invoked to account for the observed population structuring, which was not a consequence of isolation-by-distance. Because B. forskalii populations inhabiting the northern, Sahelian area are subject to more pronounced annual cycles of drought and flood than the southern equatorial ones, they were expected to be subject to population bottlenecks of increased frequency and severity and, therefore, show reduced genetic variability and elevated population differentiation. Contrary to predictions, the populations inhabiting the most northerly ecozone exhibited higher genetic diversity and lower genetic differentiation than those in the most southerly one, suggesting that elevated gene flow in this region is counteracting genetic drift.","impression_tracking_id":null,"owner":{"id":4533491,"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gow","page_name":"JenniferGow","domain_name":"ubc","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:05:33.399-07:00","display_name":"Jennifer Gow","url":"https://ubc.academia.edu/JenniferGow"},"attachments":[{"id":31695074,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg","file_name":"Gow_et_al_2004.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31695074/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Breeding_system_and_demography_shape_pop.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31695074/Gow_et_al_2004-libre.pdf?1391445423=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DBreeding_system_and_demography_shape_pop.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340793\u0026Signature=diBZueaVjAVIFBXSQ~GLdupdM2aBOYUGP9lfe4KGOVS5ZgmY2eAf-jXYckDLVKtaRZhKsOuhIGVRGNIvUahSHrf4CemqCvq6yH3fTGi7Kr-TKXwl~vFPcoovclvgzQDbB7TE23mM8BUTzVSRUoviKhUJlJeeHR4Nrvs8UOFoIbU3zsZZCT8DV2A~TLYxrFSSLlquaaCqw146zy5ba3En28uDXtyteAaByDSZJZlfK~GN0R~50aoaNgCTgbswnjlUWVvxfyaZxiDOnxPTvLTgDKnDkk5PxH1~JCSBYm0sAdR7bznhRd7yBOfmdpvN5Y4KGI13-o2~LkJzicGdYuiPjA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[{"id":1435137,"url":"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2004.02339.x/abstract"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-3704908-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="3704915"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/3704915/Parentage_assignment_detects_frequent_and_large_scale_dispersal_in_water_voles"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Parentage assignment detects frequent and large-scale dispersal in water voles" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/3704915/Parentage_assignment_detects_frequent_and_large_scale_dispersal_in_water_voles">Parentage assignment detects frequent and large-scale dispersal in water voles</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Molecular Ecology</span><span>, 2003</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Estimating the rate and scale of dispersal is essential for predicting the dynamics of fragmented...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Estimating the rate and scale of dispersal is essential for predicting the dynamics of fragmented populations, yet empirical estimates are typically imprecise and often negatively biased. We maximized detection of dispersal events between small, subdivided populations of water voles (Arvicola terrestris) using a novel method that combined direct capture–mark–recapture with microsatellite genotyping to identify parents and offspring in different populations and hence infer dispersal. We validated the method using individuals known from trapping data to have dispersed between populations. Local populations were linked by high rates of juvenile dispersal but much lower levels of adult dispersal. In the spring breeding population, 19% of females and 33% of males had left their natal population of the previous year. The average interpopulation dispersal distance was 1.8 km (range 0.3–5.2 km). Overall, patterns of dispersal fitted a negative exponential function. Information from genotyping increased the estimated rate and scale of dispersal by three- and twofold, respectively, and hence represents a powerful tool to provide more realistic estimates of dispersal parameters.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="22ecfdc824c8ec556a69cf6f7bd6ea09" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":31695077,"asset_id":3704915,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31695077/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="3704915"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="3704915"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704915; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704915]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704915]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704915; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='3704915']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "22ecfdc824c8ec556a69cf6f7bd6ea09" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=3704915]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":3704915,"title":"Parentage assignment detects frequent and large-scale dispersal in water voles","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Estimating the rate and scale of dispersal is essential for predicting the dynamics of fragmented populations, yet empirical estimates are typically imprecise and often negatively biased. We maximized detection of dispersal events between small, subdivided populations of water voles (Arvicola terrestris) using a novel method that combined direct capture–mark–recapture with microsatellite genotyping to identify parents and offspring in different populations and hence infer dispersal. We validated the method using individuals known from trapping data to have dispersed between populations. Local populations were linked by high rates of juvenile dispersal but much lower levels of adult dispersal. In the spring breeding population, 19% of females and 33% of males had left their natal population of the previous year. The average interpopulation dispersal distance was 1.8 km (range 0.3–5.2 km). Overall, patterns of dispersal fitted a negative exponential function. Information from genotyping increased the estimated rate and scale of dispersal by three- and twofold, respectively, and hence represents a powerful tool to provide more realistic estimates of dispersal parameters.","ai_title_tag":"Water Vole Dispersal Patterns Revealed by Parentage","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2003,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Molecular Ecology"},"translated_abstract":"Estimating the rate and scale of dispersal is essential for predicting the dynamics of fragmented populations, yet empirical estimates are typically imprecise and often negatively biased. We maximized detection of dispersal events between small, subdivided populations of water voles (Arvicola terrestris) using a novel method that combined direct capture–mark–recapture with microsatellite genotyping to identify parents and offspring in different populations and hence infer dispersal. We validated the method using individuals known from trapping data to have dispersed between populations. Local populations were linked by high rates of juvenile dispersal but much lower levels of adult dispersal. In the spring breeding population, 19% of females and 33% of males had left their natal population of the previous year. The average interpopulation dispersal distance was 1.8 km (range 0.3–5.2 km). Overall, patterns of dispersal fitted a negative exponential function. Information from genotyping increased the estimated rate and scale of dispersal by three- and twofold, respectively, and hence represents a powerful tool to provide more realistic estimates of dispersal parameters.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/3704915/Parentage_assignment_detects_frequent_and_large_scale_dispersal_in_water_voles","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:07:06.229-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":4533491,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31695077,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg","file_name":"telfer_et_al_2003.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31695077/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Parentage_assignment_detects_frequent_an.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31695077/telfer_et_al_2003-libre.pdf?1392427378=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DParentage_assignment_detects_frequent_an.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340793\u0026Signature=JRM4JSfWn2zWCb-spOhHmkPs9kY4ccuK7vNE0s4ocwYKbSH3gMTb6Mube7mfwHXaHXuw53NI9iMtEkEpVOnFdUtUP~zwibnWW7D-JcdwfXA8TVtGV2x7sZvmmVEoyl0WcTaqtrYriXaLt0oWU8nr7-aQCmQXhtIz39rIO56JiQ66Dvskzh0Tz6c~c-zSfUqFqXc46z7ONUwb6Ek8U0~JzyyLechvo~djUP9J6RRu59sbmzPhCl5rRw4JBMxUxTEQxVrRuNUYJAYdUenS9sGtZUFAuRib7pUTusshnGvAw8M9ithX~nWCnR4OxdMRLx2zFg237V4vbrRnI-COQ8eVTw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Parentage_assignment_detects_frequent_and_large_scale_dispersal_in_water_voles","translated_slug":"","page_count":11,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Estimating the rate and scale of dispersal is essential for predicting the dynamics of fragmented populations, yet empirical estimates are typically imprecise and often negatively biased. We maximized detection of dispersal events between small, subdivided populations of water voles (Arvicola terrestris) using a novel method that combined direct capture–mark–recapture with microsatellite genotyping to identify parents and offspring in different populations and hence infer dispersal. We validated the method using individuals known from trapping data to have dispersed between populations. Local populations were linked by high rates of juvenile dispersal but much lower levels of adult dispersal. In the spring breeding population, 19% of females and 33% of males had left their natal population of the previous year. The average interpopulation dispersal distance was 1.8 km (range 0.3–5.2 km). Overall, patterns of dispersal fitted a negative exponential function. Information from genotyping increased the estimated rate and scale of dispersal by three- and twofold, respectively, and hence represents a powerful tool to provide more realistic estimates of dispersal parameters.","impression_tracking_id":null,"owner":{"id":4533491,"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gow","page_name":"JenniferGow","domain_name":"ubc","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:05:33.399-07:00","display_name":"Jennifer Gow","url":"https://ubc.academia.edu/JenniferGow"},"attachments":[{"id":31695077,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg","file_name":"telfer_et_al_2003.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31695077/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Parentage_assignment_detects_frequent_an.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31695077/telfer_et_al_2003-libre.pdf?1392427378=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DParentage_assignment_detects_frequent_an.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340793\u0026Signature=JRM4JSfWn2zWCb-spOhHmkPs9kY4ccuK7vNE0s4ocwYKbSH3gMTb6Mube7mfwHXaHXuw53NI9iMtEkEpVOnFdUtUP~zwibnWW7D-JcdwfXA8TVtGV2x7sZvmmVEoyl0WcTaqtrYriXaLt0oWU8nr7-aQCmQXhtIz39rIO56JiQ66Dvskzh0Tz6c~c-zSfUqFqXc46z7ONUwb6Ek8U0~JzyyLechvo~djUP9J6RRu59sbmzPhCl5rRw4JBMxUxTEQxVrRuNUYJAYdUenS9sGtZUFAuRib7pUTusshnGvAw8M9ithX~nWCnR4OxdMRLx2zFg237V4vbrRnI-COQ8eVTw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[{"id":1435138,"url":"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1046/j.1365-294X.2003.01859.x/abstract"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-3704915-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="3704913"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/3704913/Polymorphic_microsatellites_in_the_African_freshwater_snail_Bulinus_forskalii_Gastropoda_Pulmonata_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Polymorphic microsatellites in the African freshwater snail, Bulinus forskalii (Gastropoda, Pulmonata)" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/3704913/Polymorphic_microsatellites_in_the_African_freshwater_snail_Bulinus_forskalii_Gastropoda_Pulmonata_">Polymorphic microsatellites in the African freshwater snail, Bulinus forskalii (Gastropoda, Pulmonata)</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Molecular Ecology Notes</span><span>, 2001</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Eleven microsatellites were isolated in the freshwater snail Bulinus forskalii, intermediate host...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Eleven microsatellites were isolated in the freshwater snail Bulinus forskalii, intermediate host for the medically important trematode Schistosoma intercalatum. Characterization in 60 snails from three populations of B. forskalii from Cameroon revealed 4 to 18 alleles per locus. Low observed heterozygosity but higher expected heterozygosity, high FIS estimates, significant departures from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium and genotypic linkage disequilibria all indicate that B. forskalii is a preferential selfer. High FST estimates suggest that effective dispersal is limited and genetic drift is an important determinant of genetic structure. The potential utility of the microsatellite primers in other closely related Bulinus species was explored.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-3704913-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-3704913-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/38489083/table-1-fluorescent-dye-labelled-primer-ird-or-ird-tn-within"><img alt="*Fluorescent dye-labelled primer (IRD800 or IRD700). tn within motif sequence refers to a string of nucleotides unrelated to the repeated motif. Table 1 Characteristics of 11 microsatellite loci in 60 Bulinus forskalii from Cameroon. The repeat motif, primer sequence, optimal (touchdown) annealing temperature (T, in °C), MgCl, concentration [MgCl, (mm) ] and GenBank Accession number are given for each locus. Additionally, the allele size range (in base pairs), number of alleles (NV) and mean observed and expected heterozygosity across populations (Hp and Hg) are presented " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/31695131/table_001.jpg" width="114" height="68" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/38489089/table-2-single-pcr-product-polymorphic-multiple-bands-no"><img alt="+, single PCR product; P, polymorphic; — multiple bands, no product or very faint product in $2 samples. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/31695131/table_002.jpg" width="114" height="68" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-3704913-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="4d84d943366ab44296776271038525d2" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":31695131,"asset_id":3704913,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31695131/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="3704913"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="3704913"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704913; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704913]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704913]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704913; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='3704913']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "4d84d943366ab44296776271038525d2" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=3704913]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":3704913,"title":"Polymorphic microsatellites in the African freshwater snail, Bulinus forskalii (Gastropoda, Pulmonata)","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Eleven microsatellites were isolated in the freshwater snail Bulinus forskalii, intermediate host for the medically important trematode Schistosoma intercalatum. Characterization in 60 snails from three populations of B. forskalii from Cameroon revealed 4 to 18 alleles per locus. Low observed heterozygosity but higher expected heterozygosity, high FIS estimates, significant departures from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium and genotypic linkage disequilibria all indicate that B. forskalii is a preferential selfer. High FST estimates suggest that effective dispersal is limited and genetic drift is an important determinant of genetic structure. The potential utility of the microsatellite primers in other closely related Bulinus species was explored.","ai_title_tag":"Microsatellite Patterns in Bulinus forskalii","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2001,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Molecular Ecology Notes"},"translated_abstract":"Eleven microsatellites were isolated in the freshwater snail Bulinus forskalii, intermediate host for the medically important trematode Schistosoma intercalatum. Characterization in 60 snails from three populations of B. forskalii from Cameroon revealed 4 to 18 alleles per locus. Low observed heterozygosity but higher expected heterozygosity, high FIS estimates, significant departures from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium and genotypic linkage disequilibria all indicate that B. forskalii is a preferential selfer. High FST estimates suggest that effective dispersal is limited and genetic drift is an important determinant of genetic structure. The potential utility of the microsatellite primers in other closely related Bulinus species was explored.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/3704913/Polymorphic_microsatellites_in_the_African_freshwater_snail_Bulinus_forskalii_Gastropoda_Pulmonata_","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:06:48.867-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":4533491,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31695131,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg","file_name":"Gow_et_al_2001.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31695131/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Polymorphic_microsatellites_in_the_Afric.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31695131/Gow_et_al_2001-libre.pdf?1392397186=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPolymorphic_microsatellites_in_the_Afric.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340793\u0026Signature=LFwgo3xriYTon22mZOlskb4gCLZcr6Y4lM2B1wZQWkkvMtpHLR5udHBcc520duB2mvWEVbUsak-P3CF55oo0pfNNeuf2K38Q8-nS4EjJKqsu8oRBWqbbqXYkJYMtr6KHX961r2-pY5XAPeQRhMTdXMSpaZfOsMHHcU5IMjNpo~dcatxq0JI-kUjEK3txKXl2dZRE7cr68Fhz7lG~MUFGgiZAt47ngOz7ej~hpq8GxtOMysrerGitPa6XLxFbnfMjE7J-9N2AZJQTzj01TLeKYjSqaB7v5pfp4VPy60mRi5aHjjPrieBj8wrd7xTeNRC6O-guxZ4m8PoGBypfZQ6F1g__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Polymorphic_microsatellites_in_the_African_freshwater_snail_Bulinus_forskalii_Gastropoda_Pulmonata_","translated_slug":"","page_count":4,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Eleven microsatellites were isolated in the freshwater snail Bulinus forskalii, intermediate host for the medically important trematode Schistosoma intercalatum. Characterization in 60 snails from three populations of B. forskalii from Cameroon revealed 4 to 18 alleles per locus. Low observed heterozygosity but higher expected heterozygosity, high FIS estimates, significant departures from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium and genotypic linkage disequilibria all indicate that B. forskalii is a preferential selfer. High FST estimates suggest that effective dispersal is limited and genetic drift is an important determinant of genetic structure. 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Reduced performance of hybrids in nature is thought to be an important process by which natural selection can favor the evolution of assortative mating and drive speciation. Benthic and limnetic sympatric species of threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) are adapted to alternative trophic niches (bottom browsing vs. open water planktivory, respectively) and reduced feeding performance of hybrids is thought to have contributed to the evolution of reproductive isolation. We tested this “hybrid-disadvantage hypothesis” by inferring growth rates from otoliths sampled from wild, free-ranging benthic, limnetic, and hybrid sticklebacks in two lakes. There were significant differences in growth rate between lakes, life-history stages, and among years (maximum P = 0.02), as well as interactions between most factors, but not between hybrid and parental species sticklebacks in most comparisons. Our results provide little evidence of a growth disadvantage in hybrid sticklebacks when free-ranging in nature. Although trophic ecology per se may contribute less to ecological speciation than envisioned, it may act in concert with other aspects of stickleback biology, such as interactions with parasites, predators, competitors, and/or sexual selection, to present strong multifarious selection against hybrids.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="79cc8a9b515679cae8f5828bcffc1ad0" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":31694968,"asset_id":4199950,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31694968/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="4199950"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="4199950"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4199950; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4199950]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4199950]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4199950; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='4199950']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "79cc8a9b515679cae8f5828bcffc1ad0" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=4199950]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":4199950,"title":"A test of hybrid growth disadvantage in wild, freeranging species pairs of threespine sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) and its implications for ecological speciation","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Ecological speciation is the evolution of reproductive isolation as a direct or indirect consequence of divergent natural selection. Reduced performance of hybrids in nature is thought to be an important process by which natural selection can favor the evolution of assortative mating and drive speciation. Benthic and limnetic sympatric species of threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) are adapted to alternative trophic niches (bottom browsing vs. open water planktivory, respectively) and reduced feeding performance of hybrids is thought to have contributed to the evolution of reproductive isolation. We tested this “hybrid-disadvantage hypothesis” by inferring growth rates from otoliths sampled from wild, free-ranging benthic, limnetic, and hybrid sticklebacks in two lakes. There were significant differences in growth rate between lakes, life-history stages, and among years (maximum P = 0.02), as well as interactions between most factors, but not between hybrid and parental species sticklebacks in most comparisons. Our results provide little evidence of a growth disadvantage in hybrid sticklebacks when free-ranging in nature. Although trophic ecology per se may contribute less to ecological speciation than envisioned, it may act in concert with other aspects of stickleback biology, such as interactions with parasites, predators, competitors, and/or sexual selection, to present strong multifarious selection against hybrids.","journal_name":"Evolution","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2012,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"Ecological speciation is the evolution of reproductive isolation as a direct or indirect consequence of divergent natural selection. Reduced performance of hybrids in nature is thought to be an important process by which natural selection can favor the evolution of assortative mating and drive speciation. Benthic and limnetic sympatric species of threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) are adapted to alternative trophic niches (bottom browsing vs. open water planktivory, respectively) and reduced feeding performance of hybrids is thought to have contributed to the evolution of reproductive isolation. We tested this “hybrid-disadvantage hypothesis” by inferring growth rates from otoliths sampled from wild, free-ranging benthic, limnetic, and hybrid sticklebacks in two lakes. There were significant differences in growth rate between lakes, life-history stages, and among years (maximum P = 0.02), as well as interactions between most factors, but not between hybrid and parental species sticklebacks in most comparisons. Our results provide little evidence of a growth disadvantage in hybrid sticklebacks when free-ranging in nature. Although trophic ecology per se may contribute less to ecological speciation than envisioned, it may act in concert with other aspects of stickleback biology, such as interactions with parasites, predators, competitors, and/or sexual selection, to present strong multifarious selection against hybrids.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/4199950/A_test_of_hybrid_growth_disadvantage_in_wild_freeranging_species_pairs_of_threespine_sticklebacks_Gasterosteus_aculeatus_and_its_implications_for_ecological_speciation","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2013-08-08T10:53:13.390-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":4533491,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31694968,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg","file_name":"Taylor_et_al_2012.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31694968/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"A_test_of_hybrid_growth_disadvantage_in.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31694968/Taylor_et_al_2012-libre.pdf?1391447867=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DA_test_of_hybrid_growth_disadvantage_in.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340792\u0026Signature=TDmvLnL-Fhcz0ZNInxRDYyF-ujFgSzGNdugwx3qB5Gvmwj-O4zPkUPFbgTY9YLILYj6DfH37h2OaJbhbIraKT~hO70IgoXAFasyiZ4Za5X5NeG0xl~ztDZ4ZY04L34bPdvSpva64VoWpYFywqboaYfzHSFuS6-GT5oIeuuG6BzPGvvFXAsbF60~Fp5qgrL-3GT4k053XDqzfF1b0jsf7bFe2kTtZCbiqYqUG0FsLH079ZznAF~RdtWhaF~Ux38WPTSSGwgX0l3~RbpK1XcgzzUnBtzyf0xIuUohO3NHUiutlQD0AFvmCtOcMudDLOvr6mUNrkrb1qNliJ8slRlPhLQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"A_test_of_hybrid_growth_disadvantage_in_wild_freeranging_species_pairs_of_threespine_sticklebacks_Gasterosteus_aculeatus_and_its_implications_for_ecological_speciation","translated_slug":"","page_count":12,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Ecological speciation is the evolution of reproductive isolation as a direct or indirect consequence of divergent natural selection. Reduced performance of hybrids in nature is thought to be an important process by which natural selection can favor the evolution of assortative mating and drive speciation. Benthic and limnetic sympatric species of threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) are adapted to alternative trophic niches (bottom browsing vs. open water planktivory, respectively) and reduced feeding performance of hybrids is thought to have contributed to the evolution of reproductive isolation. We tested this “hybrid-disadvantage hypothesis” by inferring growth rates from otoliths sampled from wild, free-ranging benthic, limnetic, and hybrid sticklebacks in two lakes. There were significant differences in growth rate between lakes, life-history stages, and among years (maximum P = 0.02), as well as interactions between most factors, but not between hybrid and parental species sticklebacks in most comparisons. Our results provide little evidence of a growth disadvantage in hybrid sticklebacks when free-ranging in nature. Although trophic ecology per se may contribute less to ecological speciation than envisioned, it may act in concert with other aspects of stickleback biology, such as interactions with parasites, predators, competitors, and/or sexual selection, to present strong multifarious selection against hybrids.","impression_tracking_id":null,"owner":{"id":4533491,"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gow","page_name":"JenniferGow","domain_name":"ubc","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:05:33.399-07:00","display_name":"Jennifer Gow","url":"https://ubc.academia.edu/JenniferGow"},"attachments":[{"id":31694968,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg","file_name":"Taylor_et_al_2012.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31694968/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"A_test_of_hybrid_growth_disadvantage_in.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31694968/Taylor_et_al_2012-libre.pdf?1391447867=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DA_test_of_hybrid_growth_disadvantage_in.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340792\u0026Signature=TDmvLnL-Fhcz0ZNInxRDYyF-ujFgSzGNdugwx3qB5Gvmwj-O4zPkUPFbgTY9YLILYj6DfH37h2OaJbhbIraKT~hO70IgoXAFasyiZ4Za5X5NeG0xl~ztDZ4ZY04L34bPdvSpva64VoWpYFywqboaYfzHSFuS6-GT5oIeuuG6BzPGvvFXAsbF60~Fp5qgrL-3GT4k053XDqzfF1b0jsf7bFe2kTtZCbiqYqUG0FsLH079ZznAF~RdtWhaF~Ux38WPTSSGwgX0l3~RbpK1XcgzzUnBtzyf0xIuUohO3NHUiutlQD0AFvmCtOcMudDLOvr6mUNrkrb1qNliJ8slRlPhLQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[{"id":1435083,"url":"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2011.01439.x/abstract;jsessionid=2FF9BA40F659C8E3AAD9C4F20F5E8089.d02t04?deniedAccessCustomisedMessage=\u0026userIsAuthenticated=false"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-4199950-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="4199959"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/4199959/Little_impact_of_hatchery_supplementation_that_uses_native_broodstock_on_the_genetic_structure_and_diversity_of_steelhead_trout_revealed_by_a_large_scale_spatio_temporal_microsatellite_survey"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Little impact of hatchery supplementation that uses native broodstock on the genetic structure and diversity of steelhead trout revealed by a large-scale spatio-temporal microsatellite survey" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/4199959/Little_impact_of_hatchery_supplementation_that_uses_native_broodstock_on_the_genetic_structure_and_diversity_of_steelhead_trout_revealed_by_a_large_scale_spatio_temporal_microsatellite_survey">Little impact of hatchery supplementation that uses native broodstock on the genetic structure and diversity of steelhead trout revealed by a large-scale spatio-temporal microsatellite survey</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Artificial breeding programs initiated to enhance the size of animal populations are often motiva...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Artificial breeding programs initiated to enhance the size of animal populations are often motivated by the desire to increase harvest opportunities. The introduction of non-native genotypes, however, can have negative evolutionary impacts. These may be direct, such as introgressive hybridization, or indirect via competition. Less is known about the effects of stocking with native genotypes. We assayed variation at nine microsatellite loci in 902 steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) from five rivers in British Columbia, Canada. These samples were collected over 58 years, a time period that spanned the initiation of native steelhead trout broodstock hatchery supplementation in these rivers. We detected no changes in estimates of effective population size, genetic variation or temporal genetic structure within any population, nor of altered genetic structure among them. Genetic interactions with nonmigratory O. mykiss, the use of substantial numbers of primarily native broodstock with an approximate 1:1 male-to-female ratio, and/or poor survival and reproductive success of hatchery fish may have minimized potential genetic changes. Although no genetic changes were detected, ecological effects of hatchery programs still may influence wild population productivity and abundance. Their effects await the design and implementation of a more comprehensive evaluation program.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-4199959-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-4199959-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/43975711/figure-1-map-showing-the-geographic-location-of-the-rivers"><img alt="Figure 1 Map showing the geographic location of the rivers from which steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were sampled in southwestern British Columbia, Canada. 1, Chilliwack; 2, Chehalis; 3, Alouette; 4, Seymour; and 5, Capilano rivers. *Denotes the Coquihalla River, which is the source of some broodstock used in hatchery supplementation of the Chehalis River. The >@ symbol denotes the Kitimat River, study site for Hegg- enes et al. (2006). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/31694975/figure_001.jpg" width="114" height="68" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/43975719/figure-2-average-measures-of-population-size-genetic"><img alt="Figure 2 Average measures of population size, genetic variation, and structure in steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) within rivers befor (empty bars) and after (filled bars) the inception of hatchery supplementation using native broodstock. Based on variation of 902 samples tha were genotyped at five or more of nine assayed microsatellite loci. Refer to Table 2 for population codes; ALL refers to all rivers combined; ALL CA refers to all rivers except the Capilano River. Standard deviations given where applicable. (A) Mean relatedness (ry); (B) Variance in Ky; (C Effective population size (N.); (D) Mean number of alleles (Na); (E) Allelic richness (R); (F) Gene diversity (H_); (G) Fsr (0). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/31694975/figure_002.jpg" width="114" height="68" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/43975722/figure-3-plot-of-mean-factorial-correspondence-scores-along"><img alt="Figure 3 Plot of mean factorial correspondence scores along the first three axes for time point samples of 902 steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) based on variation at five or more of nine assayed microsatellite loci. Refer to Table 2 for population codes. The status of time points high- lighted as before (empty circles) or after (filled squares) the initiation of hatchery supplementation using native broodstock. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/31694975/figure_003.jpg" width="114" height="68" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/43975725/table-1-summary-of-important-demographic-and-habitat"><img alt="Table 1. Summary of important demographic and habitat characteristics of five steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) populations sampled i the study. Length = length of river currently accessible from the sea for upstream migrating fish, MAD = mean annual discharge (cubic meters/s Estimated census size = estimate of adult steelhead trout in the river during spawning period from snorkeling swim counts and professional opir ion (the value to the right of the slash is the estimated capacity, at 13% marine survival, based on habitat availability), H:W = ratio of hatchery t wild smolts (wild estimated using biostandards/discharge models), Broodstock = average numbers of winter (w) and summer (s) run males an females used in hatchery program (all wild unless indicated), Major habitat perturbations = summary of major changes to river system since Eurc pean settlement. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/31694975/table_001.jpg" width="114" height="68" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/43975727/table-2-steelhead-oncorhynchus-mykiss-sampled-from-five"><img alt="Table 2. Steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) sampled from five hatchery-supplemented rivers in southwestern British Columbia. *Population codes include the initial year of sampling and represent a range of years as indicated. Prehatchery supplementation samples are high- lighted in boldface. Posthatchery supplementation samples refer to those collected after the first release and return of hatchery fish originating from native broodstock (refer to Table 1 for dates). The exception to this is Capilano River, where the posthatchery samples refer to samples col- lected after the first releases but before the first recorded hatchery returns. As such, this river's samples explore potential indirect effects of com- petition from hatchery releases while serving as a control for temporal change that may be associated with direct (introgression) and indirect (competition) impacts of returning adult hatchery fish. The wild/hatchery and winter/summer run composition of each sample size is also listed. For instance, the 40 samples from CH48 consist of 40 wild, winter run steelhead trout. The CE95 sample consists of 43 wild fish, 6 hatchery fish of which 40 were winter run and nine summer run. ‘Unknown’ means that the breakdown into wild and hatchery spawners was not determined. +Summer run steelhead were introduced by the Chehalis hatchery using broodstock from the nearby Coquihalla River (see Fig. 1). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/31694975/table_002.jpg" width="114" height="68" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-4199959-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="64cf1640f53f6f73b73812119d7172fe" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":31694975,"asset_id":4199959,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31694975/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="4199959"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="4199959"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4199959; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4199959]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4199959]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4199959; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='4199959']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "64cf1640f53f6f73b73812119d7172fe" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=4199959]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":4199959,"title":"Little impact of hatchery supplementation that uses native broodstock on the genetic structure and diversity of steelhead trout revealed by a large-scale spatio-temporal microsatellite survey","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Artificial breeding programs initiated to enhance the size of animal populations are often motivated by the desire to increase harvest opportunities. The introduction of non-native genotypes, however, can have negative evolutionary impacts. These may be direct, such as introgressive hybridization, or indirect via competition. Less is known about the effects of stocking with native genotypes. We assayed variation at nine microsatellite loci in 902 steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) from five rivers in British Columbia, Canada. These samples were collected over 58 years, a time period that spanned the initiation of native steelhead trout broodstock hatchery supplementation in these rivers. We detected no changes in estimates of effective population size, genetic variation or temporal genetic structure within any population, nor of altered genetic structure among them. Genetic interactions with nonmigratory O. mykiss, the use of substantial numbers of primarily native broodstock with an approximate 1:1 male-to-female ratio, and/or poor survival and reproductive success of hatchery fish may have minimized potential genetic changes. Although no genetic changes were detected, ecological effects of hatchery programs still may influence wild population productivity and abundance. Their effects await the design and implementation of a more comprehensive evaluation program.","journal_name":"Evolutionary Applications","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2011,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"Artificial breeding programs initiated to enhance the size of animal populations are often motivated by the desire to increase harvest opportunities. The introduction of non-native genotypes, however, can have negative evolutionary impacts. These may be direct, such as introgressive hybridization, or indirect via competition. Less is known about the effects of stocking with native genotypes. We assayed variation at nine microsatellite loci in 902 steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) from five rivers in British Columbia, Canada. These samples were collected over 58 years, a time period that spanned the initiation of native steelhead trout broodstock hatchery supplementation in these rivers. We detected no changes in estimates of effective population size, genetic variation or temporal genetic structure within any population, nor of altered genetic structure among them. Genetic interactions with nonmigratory O. mykiss, the use of substantial numbers of primarily native broodstock with an approximate 1:1 male-to-female ratio, and/or poor survival and reproductive success of hatchery fish may have minimized potential genetic changes. Although no genetic changes were detected, ecological effects of hatchery programs still may influence wild population productivity and abundance. Their effects await the design and implementation of a more comprehensive evaluation program.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/4199959/Little_impact_of_hatchery_supplementation_that_uses_native_broodstock_on_the_genetic_structure_and_diversity_of_steelhead_trout_revealed_by_a_large_scale_spatio_temporal_microsatellite_survey","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2013-08-08T10:54:12.455-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":4533491,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31694975,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg","file_name":"Gow_et_al_2011.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31694975/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Little_impact_of_hatchery_supplementatio.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31694975/Gow_et_al_2011-libre.pdf?1392437444=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLittle_impact_of_hatchery_supplementatio.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340792\u0026Signature=F9DGPpagiF84iAkx4oz8yx5Ma4GPOpUXbVt4Lt3Xods3VJTxJ8IFochvh4rgwiVM3BJgPDucqmD7DFrPuzLwM7q9aqzj2ahbAt-ZXQG8TYX5OAUDnZjPzsKss2vHY9cJpjuLo4rJk2eGyWsm3H0lU9QH2cVtbi73sb2joTrCgmXBDzmT3UAeGx~RJi-2ZAwk~bNG0X8Kyl2fTdDHI1dLsz2PY4jsPLiAi15uiAhD3uPzceSZsqCkpGtYvTtv0qsMPeU~T-Q6D0hwjO8sW0-qw6umRGW47DBjF8P34c~T0Rv3Tryu7YvoHwgKR0fzYeXqP8HiXrf414~SB92XTjRGww__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Little_impact_of_hatchery_supplementation_that_uses_native_broodstock_on_the_genetic_structure_and_diversity_of_steelhead_trout_revealed_by_a_large_scale_spatio_temporal_microsatellite_survey","translated_slug":"","page_count":20,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Artificial breeding programs initiated to enhance the size of animal populations are often motivated by the desire to increase harvest opportunities. The introduction of non-native genotypes, however, can have negative evolutionary impacts. These may be direct, such as introgressive hybridization, or indirect via competition. Less is known about the effects of stocking with native genotypes. We assayed variation at nine microsatellite loci in 902 steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) from five rivers in British Columbia, Canada. These samples were collected over 58 years, a time period that spanned the initiation of native steelhead trout broodstock hatchery supplementation in these rivers. We detected no changes in estimates of effective population size, genetic variation or temporal genetic structure within any population, nor of altered genetic structure among them. Genetic interactions with nonmigratory O. mykiss, the use of substantial numbers of primarily native broodstock with an approximate 1:1 male-to-female ratio, and/or poor survival and reproductive success of hatchery fish may have minimized potential genetic changes. Although no genetic changes were detected, ecological effects of hatchery programs still may influence wild population productivity and abundance. Their effects await the design and implementation of a more comprehensive evaluation program.","impression_tracking_id":null,"owner":{"id":4533491,"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gow","page_name":"JenniferGow","domain_name":"ubc","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:05:33.399-07:00","display_name":"Jennifer Gow","url":"https://ubc.academia.edu/JenniferGow"},"attachments":[{"id":31694975,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg","file_name":"Gow_et_al_2011.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31694975/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Little_impact_of_hatchery_supplementatio.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31694975/Gow_et_al_2011-libre.pdf?1392437444=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLittle_impact_of_hatchery_supplementatio.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340792\u0026Signature=F9DGPpagiF84iAkx4oz8yx5Ma4GPOpUXbVt4Lt3Xods3VJTxJ8IFochvh4rgwiVM3BJgPDucqmD7DFrPuzLwM7q9aqzj2ahbAt-ZXQG8TYX5OAUDnZjPzsKss2vHY9cJpjuLo4rJk2eGyWsm3H0lU9QH2cVtbi73sb2joTrCgmXBDzmT3UAeGx~RJi-2ZAwk~bNG0X8Kyl2fTdDHI1dLsz2PY4jsPLiAi15uiAhD3uPzceSZsqCkpGtYvTtv0qsMPeU~T-Q6D0hwjO8sW0-qw6umRGW47DBjF8P34c~T0Rv3Tryu7YvoHwgKR0fzYeXqP8HiXrf414~SB92XTjRGww__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[{"id":1435089,"url":"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1752-4571.2011.00198.x/abstract"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (true) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-4199959-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="4199961"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/4199961/Connectivity_among_populations_of_pygmy_whitefish_Prosopium_coulterii_in_northwestern_North_America_inferred_from_microsatellite_DNA_analyses"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Connectivity among populations of pygmy whitefish (Prosopium coulterii) in northwestern North America inferred from microsatellite DNA analyses" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/4199961/Connectivity_among_populations_of_pygmy_whitefish_Prosopium_coulterii_in_northwestern_North_America_inferred_from_microsatellite_DNA_analyses">Connectivity among populations of pygmy whitefish (Prosopium coulterii) in northwestern North America inferred from microsatellite DNA analyses</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">We studied microsatellite DNA variation in 15 populations of northwestern North American pygmy wh...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">We studied microsatellite DNA variation in 15 populations of northwestern North American pygmy whitefish (Prosopium coulterii (Eigenmann and Eigenmann, 1892)), an enigmatic freshwater fish thought to be highly fragmented by residency in deep, cold postglacial lakes. Population subdivision (q) across 10 loci was 0.12 (P < 0.001) across samples, but one western Alaskan population was more divergent than all others (q = 0.31-0.41, P < 0.001). Within the Williston Reservoir watershed (WRW), q averaged 0.08 (P < 0.001) and was positively associated with both the geographic distance between localities (r 2 = 0.36, P < 0.001) and the number of branch points interconnecting them (r 2 = 0.33, P < 0.001). Differentiation among populations was modeled as the sum of the genetic distances for the stream sections interconnecting them (r 2 = 0.74). Differences among subwatersheds with the WRW accounted for 5.1% of the total variation in allele frequencies (P < 0.001). Assignment tests suggested limited movement among lakes, with most inferred dispersal between adjacent watersheds. Coalescent analysis strongly supported a gene flow-drift equilibrium model of population structure over a drift-only model. Effective management of diversity in pygmy whitefish requires the maintenance of stream networks that interconnect lakes within a watershed.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-4199961-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-4199961-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17761956/figure-1-ot-her-through-the-main-body-of-the-williston"><img alt="ot her through the main body of the Williston Reservoir, which served as the “root” of the network, i.e., that area that al ot a fish would need to travel moving from one locality to an- her (cf. Costello et al. 2003). These nodes were intended as representation of the number of discrete “choices” that a fish would need to make in moving from one locality to an- ot se her with, presumably, the number of choices being inver- y related to the likelihood of successful movement between localities. We then tested for isolation by distance using the Mantel test option in FSTAT to assess the signifi- cance of correlations between geographic (fluvial) distance and genetic distance estimated by 6. Partial Mantel tests were conducted using both geographic distance and number of drainage nodes separating localities. None of the localities are separated from each other by any known complete migra- tion barriers (e.g., insurmountable waterfalls; R. Zemlak, per- sonal observations) with the exception of Dina Lake No. 1, which is an isolated lake basin (Fig. 1). To account for its lack of current connectivity with other systems, we added 2 to the drainage matrix values involving Dina Lake No. |. To better visualize the spatial distribution of genetic differentia- tion, we constructed a “stream tree” of genetic distances among all localities within the Peace—Williston drainage sys- tem using the program StreamTree (Kalinowski et al. 2008) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/31694972/figure_001.jpg" width="114" height="68" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17761962/figure-2-association-between-pairwise-measures-of-genetic"><img alt="Fig. 2. Association between pairwise measures of genetic distance (Fsr estimated by 0) and geographic distance (river kilometres) be- tween all localities within the Williston Reservoir watershed (WRW). The circled value represents the comparison between Quentin and Weissener lakes (see text). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/31694972/figure_002.jpg" width="114" height="68" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17761965/figure-3-peene-flow-model-over-that-of-drift-only-model"><img alt="(Peene flow model = 9.99) over that of drift only model across all 10 runs of the analysis. bers of alleles per locus (across seven loci) per population was 9.3 and expected heterozygosity (H_) was 0.64 (Turgeon and Bernatchez 2001). Across 19 lakes in the St. Jo hn River system, northeastern North America (about 21000 km2), microsatellite variation over six loci averaged about five al- leles per locus and Hg was 0.55 in lake whitefish ( Lu et al. 2001). Across a smaller geographic scale (Lake Superior), microsatellite variation in lake whitefish averaged a alleles per locus and Hg averaged 0.69 (Stott et a bout 6.5 . 2004). Microsatellite variation in mountain whitefish (primarily a riverine species) has ranged from two to nine alleles per lo- cus (eight loci) and Hg ranged from 0.40 to 0.58 w Clark Fork River in Montana (Whiteley et al. 2004) ithin the to mean values of 1.0-4.8 alleles per locus and Hg of 0.0-0.54 across their complete geographic range (Whiteley et al. 2006). Com- parisons across studies are difficult when different geographic ranges are studied, but our data (mean al locus per population of 5.7, mean Hg of 0.51) are consistent with these previous studies and at least do loci and leles per broadly not sug- gest that our choice of loci resulted in overly conservative as- sessments of variability within and between populations. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/31694972/figure_003.jpg" width="114" height="68" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17761969/table-1-connectivity-among-populations-of-pygmy-whitefish"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/31694972/table_001.jpg" width="114" height="68" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17761973/table-2-note-immigrants-were-defined-as-fish-with"><img alt="Note: Immigrants were defined as fish with a probability of <0.05 of belonging to the recipient (collection) locality from exclu- sion tests. Given are the recipient locality, the number of fish inferred to be immigrants out of the total assayed (NV), and the localities inferred to have contributed immigrants to the recipient locality. Names in boldface type represent localities in the same sub- watershed as the recipient locality and underlined localities indicate inferred migrants between localities that are completely isolated from one another. The number in parentheses indicates the number of inferred immigrants if greater than one and UNK indicates that the source locality of the inferred immigrant could not be determined with a probability of at least 0.9. Table 2. Identification of 52 inferred immigrants using 10 locus genotypes for pygmy whitefish (Prosopium coulterii). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/31694972/table_002.jpg" width="114" height="68" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-4199961-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="c237cd19c66e6c72a2ce27f183b1e661" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":31694972,"asset_id":4199961,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31694972/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="4199961"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="4199961"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4199961; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4199961]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4199961]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4199961; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='4199961']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "c237cd19c66e6c72a2ce27f183b1e661" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=4199961]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":4199961,"title":"Connectivity among populations of pygmy whitefish (Prosopium coulterii) in northwestern North America inferred from microsatellite DNA analyses","translated_title":"","metadata":{"ai_title_tag":"Genetic Connectivity of Pygmy Whitefish in NW North America","journal_name":"Canadian Journal of Zoology","grobid_abstract":"We studied microsatellite DNA variation in 15 populations of northwestern North American pygmy whitefish (Prosopium coulterii (Eigenmann and Eigenmann, 1892)), an enigmatic freshwater fish thought to be highly fragmented by residency in deep, cold postglacial lakes. Population subdivision (q) across 10 loci was 0.12 (P \u003c 0.001) across samples, but one western Alaskan population was more divergent than all others (q = 0.31-0.41, P \u003c 0.001). Within the Williston Reservoir watershed (WRW), q averaged 0.08 (P \u003c 0.001) and was positively associated with both the geographic distance between localities (r 2 = 0.36, P \u003c 0.001) and the number of branch points interconnecting them (r 2 = 0.33, P \u003c 0.001). Differentiation among populations was modeled as the sum of the genetic distances for the stream sections interconnecting them (r 2 = 0.74). Differences among subwatersheds with the WRW accounted for 5.1% of the total variation in allele frequencies (P \u003c 0.001). Assignment tests suggested limited movement among lakes, with most inferred dispersal between adjacent watersheds. Coalescent analysis strongly supported a gene flow-drift equilibrium model of population structure over a drift-only model. Effective management of diversity in pygmy whitefish requires the maintenance of stream networks that interconnect lakes within a watershed.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2011,"errors":{}},"grobid_abstract_attachment_id":31694972},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/4199961/Connectivity_among_populations_of_pygmy_whitefish_Prosopium_coulterii_in_northwestern_North_America_inferred_from_microsatellite_DNA_analyses","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2013-08-08T10:55:31.499-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":4533491,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31694972,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg","file_name":"Taylor_et_al_2011.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31694972/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Connectivity_among_populations_of_pygmy.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31694972/Taylor_et_al_2011-libre.pdf?1392335623=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DConnectivity_among_populations_of_pygmy.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340792\u0026Signature=IbOjFlj71HYDepNqPeOS-oeIhigc~pmavdwuC2Q40C2mPEx~HbAzpmOlW1Swy6gOrH1IlpajDGQy9UyjK34VBcvSbuSJZCv5jTiVRndYqWfgRVb74dAdc2~y4vauXR6wZfd90XgqkTOfC9p-G6eWU5eJFlXFUW6c5zRZq04ha4zQu8SpK2gc3UPU0wlUl0zgVhpFg0LebbqFXVZHje5WJlRi-LdsfArmZlS3A4afdYzT63-LrOVRdb4xGnTnTEegDowvCrrvF2x0A-eiLBrkC-JlMitENRkUgLIfIopgWLuMLD-deI4x27fe0HXgzstrQbphxRoZ0kpImyTyvIiiow__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Connectivity_among_populations_of_pygmy_whitefish_Prosopium_coulterii_in_northwestern_North_America_inferred_from_microsatellite_DNA_analyses","translated_slug":"","page_count":12,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"We studied microsatellite DNA variation in 15 populations of northwestern North American pygmy whitefish (Prosopium coulterii (Eigenmann and Eigenmann, 1892)), an enigmatic freshwater fish thought to be highly fragmented by residency in deep, cold postglacial lakes. Population subdivision (q) across 10 loci was 0.12 (P \u003c 0.001) across samples, but one western Alaskan population was more divergent than all others (q = 0.31-0.41, P \u003c 0.001). Within the Williston Reservoir watershed (WRW), q averaged 0.08 (P \u003c 0.001) and was positively associated with both the geographic distance between localities (r 2 = 0.36, P \u003c 0.001) and the number of branch points interconnecting them (r 2 = 0.33, P \u003c 0.001). Differentiation among populations was modeled as the sum of the genetic distances for the stream sections interconnecting them (r 2 = 0.74). Differences among subwatersheds with the WRW accounted for 5.1% of the total variation in allele frequencies (P \u003c 0.001). Assignment tests suggested limited movement among lakes, with most inferred dispersal between adjacent watersheds. Coalescent analysis strongly supported a gene flow-drift equilibrium model of population structure over a drift-only model. Effective management of diversity in pygmy whitefish requires the maintenance of stream networks that interconnect lakes within a watershed.","impression_tracking_id":null,"owner":{"id":4533491,"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gow","page_name":"JenniferGow","domain_name":"ubc","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:05:33.399-07:00","display_name":"Jennifer Gow","url":"https://ubc.academia.edu/JenniferGow"},"attachments":[{"id":31694972,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg","file_name":"Taylor_et_al_2011.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31694972/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Connectivity_among_populations_of_pygmy.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31694972/Taylor_et_al_2011-libre.pdf?1392335623=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DConnectivity_among_populations_of_pygmy.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340792\u0026Signature=IbOjFlj71HYDepNqPeOS-oeIhigc~pmavdwuC2Q40C2mPEx~HbAzpmOlW1Swy6gOrH1IlpajDGQy9UyjK34VBcvSbuSJZCv5jTiVRndYqWfgRVb74dAdc2~y4vauXR6wZfd90XgqkTOfC9p-G6eWU5eJFlXFUW6c5zRZq04ha4zQu8SpK2gc3UPU0wlUl0zgVhpFg0LebbqFXVZHje5WJlRi-LdsfArmZlS3A4afdYzT63-LrOVRdb4xGnTnTEegDowvCrrvF2x0A-eiLBrkC-JlMitENRkUgLIfIopgWLuMLD-deI4x27fe0HXgzstrQbphxRoZ0kpImyTyvIiiow__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[{"id":1435087,"url":"http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/z10-114#.UgSCDKzbG6Q"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); 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Utilizing PCR RFLP analysis and isozyme data, the study identifies chloroplast types and evaluates genetic diversity, revealing significant inbreeding evidence in M. sharpii but less so in M. schiedeana. The findings highlight the conservation challenges posed by habitat fragmentation due to agricultural expansion and underscore the importance of these species for biodiversity in their native ecosystems.","ai_title_tag":"Genetic Variation in Endemic Mexican Magnolias","journal_name":"Silvae Genetica","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2008,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/4200001/Genetic_variation_in_two_rare_endemic_Mexican_tress_Magnolia_sharpii_and_Magnolia_schiedeana","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2013-08-08T10:56:22.117-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":4533491,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31694978,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg","file_name":"Newton_et_al_2008.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31694978/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Genetic_variation_in_two_rare_endemic_Me.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31694978/Newton_et_al_2008-libre.pdf?1392444957=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DGenetic_variation_in_two_rare_endemic_Me.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340792\u0026Signature=ZzflAK6NOwNazy-TWehRfjQfitrkzjWsbbXxuTtV8ZBh5YeXWrcSvsNmN3DhKlHT~NgguH77evo1SrI9Q55S7nWnmcDM1fIF8qOufSOhVJzQ0dqKOgJ6YaLhRe72Wq-Ir3Js-3~vP01OXWRK7rYuFI1HjjKf9IEDjxmd7ZWwo4zyhhgJb2ByzxiYcR0-kMhwGF2cM52GACC3v4TjRw875qCbQ30jyT5MoWcRANFmNHUcIuk8Ev4CknA4IZLM5WaViKn3CnAANXst8Fz62rfoP2Vxmr0N7y9R2Iv5PTt3NIyjenH2HRxPytMdkeLEJ-teXumZnjIvGpV4yzF~11FJvA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Genetic_variation_in_two_rare_endemic_Mexican_tress_Magnolia_sharpii_and_Magnolia_schiedeana","translated_slug":"","page_count":9,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":null,"impression_tracking_id":null,"owner":{"id":4533491,"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gow","page_name":"JenniferGow","domain_name":"ubc","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:05:33.399-07:00","display_name":"Jennifer Gow","url":"https://ubc.academia.edu/JenniferGow"},"attachments":[{"id":31694978,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg","file_name":"Newton_et_al_2008.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31694978/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Genetic_variation_in_two_rare_endemic_Me.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31694978/Newton_et_al_2008-libre.pdf?1392444957=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DGenetic_variation_in_two_rare_endemic_Me.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340792\u0026Signature=ZzflAK6NOwNazy-TWehRfjQfitrkzjWsbbXxuTtV8ZBh5YeXWrcSvsNmN3DhKlHT~NgguH77evo1SrI9Q55S7nWnmcDM1fIF8qOufSOhVJzQ0dqKOgJ6YaLhRe72Wq-Ir3Js-3~vP01OXWRK7rYuFI1HjjKf9IEDjxmd7ZWwo4zyhhgJb2ByzxiYcR0-kMhwGF2cM52GACC3v4TjRw875qCbQ30jyT5MoWcRANFmNHUcIuk8Ev4CknA4IZLM5WaViKn3CnAANXst8Fz62rfoP2Vxmr0N7y9R2Iv5PTt3NIyjenH2HRxPytMdkeLEJ-teXumZnjIvGpV4yzF~11FJvA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[{"id":1435091,"url":"http://silvaegenetica.com/fileadmin/content/dokument/archiv/silvaegenetica/57_2008/Heft_6/_04__Newton.pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-4200001-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="3704922"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/3704922/Development_of_microsatellite_markers_in_the_St_Lucia_anole_Anolis_luciae"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Development of microsatellite markers in the St Lucia anole, Anolis luciae" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/3704922/Development_of_microsatellite_markers_in_the_St_Lucia_anole_Anolis_luciae">Development of microsatellite markers in the St Lucia anole, Anolis luciae</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Molecular Ecology Resources</span><span>, 2008</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Anolis lizards are important models in studies of ecology and evolution. Here we describe 13 poly...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Anolis lizards are important models in studies of ecology and evolution. Here we describe 13 polymorphic microsatellites for use in population screening in the St Lucia anole, Anolis luciae, that can be used as a natural replicate to Anolis roquet on Martinique to study processes involved in population differentiation and speciation. Genotyping of 32 individuals using M13 tails and FAM-labelled universal M13 primers showed that all loci were polymorphic with high genetic diversity, averaging at 16.8 alleles per locus. Genotypic frequencies conformed to Hardy–Weinberg expectations, and there were no instances of linkage disequilibrium between loci.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="af0967b768998363e45116192f6069e9" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":31694984,"asset_id":3704922,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31694984/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="3704922"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="3704922"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704922; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704922]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704922]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704922; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='3704922']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "af0967b768998363e45116192f6069e9" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=3704922]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":3704922,"title":"Development of microsatellite markers in the St Lucia anole, Anolis luciae","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Anolis lizards are important models in studies of ecology and evolution. 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Genotypic frequencies conformed to Hardy–Weinberg expectations, and there were no instances of linkage disequilibrium between loci.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/3704922/Development_of_microsatellite_markers_in_the_St_Lucia_anole_Anolis_luciae","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:07:42.051-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":4533491,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31694984,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg","file_name":"Johansson_et_al_2008.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31694984/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Development_of_microsatellite_markers_in.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31694984/Johansson_et_al_2008-libre.pdf?1392402051=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDevelopment_of_microsatellite_markers_in.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340793\u0026Signature=WT7O~21ij40EFvTIIMl5-y-~xDxLIK8oNxordPm0hGFd70w7vYYh13b9TtdiX-OjKXPL64bkBq-tvc-EB4w6L~sxTNB4PH9u7hcsHWz7BzIs9I4lk6AWNg1uBytqi2ztU-jXv0agqgM03swu9JCn~K43Kk6r9FF~MWSU-~OG2TjGA8wSVz-1NBXzUbk7prZs7g1d9HIhoGRid9KhfRCB6IGf1KVmgOE66uk1JrQOvPjuzhcvfkFU1ea0dIpMXySmUByRJ3A0q8bYKABaxlko678Xe584YG3fAkB68mNb~oLlkOwze2whJx~LKm8qASqdIK-vnjZ-veOLCj0MQGNuCw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Development_of_microsatellite_markers_in_the_St_Lucia_anole_Anolis_luciae","translated_slug":"","page_count":3,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Anolis lizards are important models in studies of ecology and evolution. 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Four endemic pairs are known and each appears to have diverged independently as a consequence of adaptation to alternative environments. Using specific ecological and physical attributes hypothesized to be important to their evolution, we focused a search for further species pairs. Now, two decades after the last discovery, we describe another benthic-limnetic species pair from Little Quarry Lake on Nelson Island, British Columbia, Canada. Bimodality of genetic admixture values provides evidence of strong reproductive isolation between two morphological and genetic clusters, supporting the existence of a sympatric species pair within this lake. Close correspondence in shape to extant benthic and limnetic species pairs confirm their status as such. The remarkable similarity between them and other benthic and limnetic species pairs in levels of morphological differentiation, as well as extent of admixture and hybridization, points to similar processes underlying their origin. This discovery serves as an important reminder of the specificity of ecological factors that promote and maintain biodiversity, as well as the value of habitat conservation.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="fd1b4c512f3e0d36217e9b35eba04ddb" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":31388456,"asset_id":3704927,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31388456/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="3704927"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="3704927"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704927; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704927]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704927]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704927; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='3704927']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "fd1b4c512f3e0d36217e9b35eba04ddb" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=3704927]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":3704927,"title":"Ecological predictions lead to the discovery of a benthic-limnetic sympatric species pair of threespine stickleback in Little Quarry Lake, British Columbia","translated_title":"","metadata":{"grobid_abstract":"Sympatric species pairs of benthic and limnetic threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus L., 1758 complex) are an important example of the role of ecology in speciation in nature. 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This discovery serves as an important reminder of the specificity of ecological factors that promote and maintain biodiversity, as well as the value of habitat conservation.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2008,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Canadian Journal of Zoology-revue Canadienne De Zoologie","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":31388456},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/3704927/Ecological_predictions_lead_to_the_discovery_of_a_benthic_limnetic_sympatric_species_pair_of_threespine_stickleback_in_Little_Quarry_Lake_British_Columbia","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:07:49.896-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":4533491,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31388456,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/31388456/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Gowetal_CJZ08.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31388456/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Ecological_predictions_lead_to_the_disco.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31388456/Gowetal_CJZ08.pdf20130812-31485-12gqnl1-libre-libre.pdf?1376343021=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEcological_predictions_lead_to_the_disco.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340793\u0026Signature=bU87E-YKBNYPybiQXmzIJEZpcAz~0xaxUXO1T1YYaBd0LHVsuexJQwUVUKdrqm-sqKHGRMnXqf1qOKBtkVkUOZVm6Au0Q~0aQnfWdoeN~V89YcqxaNEhixEZFDp3amDm7nnL9YmU8U-43g-uLy1S8doYGX~TjCtI0QR4meLUkp53y56OOP6RLWHQTWFI3FURG9WwFwZ0rUjiIJP~Tg4IyVImtp2r4bdETFMeH7YTLnnjDjjG9UZp96XFSx24dQ3wJFiUuioavnmwUUTUJxqWqdmj7wz7au~CoRI3UyclcHktu9AenJ0yzcgV1IllQjFnzywT~HbvsmZgLj9Sv8dMvQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Ecological_predictions_lead_to_the_discovery_of_a_benthic_limnetic_sympatric_species_pair_of_threespine_stickleback_in_Little_Quarry_Lake_British_Columbia","translated_slug":"","page_count":8,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Sympatric species pairs of benthic and limnetic threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus L., 1758 complex) are an important example of the role of ecology in speciation in nature. Four endemic pairs are known and each appears to have diverged independently as a consequence of adaptation to alternative environments. Using specific ecological and physical attributes hypothesized to be important to their evolution, we focused a search for further species pairs. Now, two decades after the last discovery, we describe another benthic-limnetic species pair from Little Quarry Lake on Nelson Island, British Columbia, Canada. Bimodality of genetic admixture values provides evidence of strong reproductive isolation between two morphological and genetic clusters, supporting the existence of a sympatric species pair within this lake. Close correspondence in shape to extant benthic and limnetic species pairs confirm their status as such. The remarkable similarity between them and other benthic and limnetic species pairs in levels of morphological differentiation, as well as extent of admixture and hybridization, points to similar processes underlying their origin. This discovery serves as an important reminder of the specificity of ecological factors that promote and maintain biodiversity, as well as the value of habitat conservation.","impression_tracking_id":null,"owner":{"id":4533491,"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gow","page_name":"JenniferGow","domain_name":"ubc","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:05:33.399-07:00","display_name":"Jennifer Gow","url":"https://ubc.academia.edu/JenniferGow"},"attachments":[{"id":31388456,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/31388456/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Gowetal_CJZ08.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31388456/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Ecological_predictions_lead_to_the_disco.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31388456/Gowetal_CJZ08.pdf20130812-31485-12gqnl1-libre-libre.pdf?1376343021=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEcological_predictions_lead_to_the_disco.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340793\u0026Signature=bU87E-YKBNYPybiQXmzIJEZpcAz~0xaxUXO1T1YYaBd0LHVsuexJQwUVUKdrqm-sqKHGRMnXqf1qOKBtkVkUOZVm6Au0Q~0aQnfWdoeN~V89YcqxaNEhixEZFDp3amDm7nnL9YmU8U-43g-uLy1S8doYGX~TjCtI0QR4meLUkp53y56OOP6RLWHQTWFI3FURG9WwFwZ0rUjiIJP~Tg4IyVImtp2r4bdETFMeH7YTLnnjDjjG9UZp96XFSx24dQ3wJFiUuioavnmwUUTUJxqWqdmj7wz7au~CoRI3UyclcHktu9AenJ0yzcgV1IllQjFnzywT~HbvsmZgLj9Sv8dMvQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[{"id":1435095,"url":"http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/Z08-032#.UgSDVqzbG6Q"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-3704927-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="3704920"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/3704920/The_mating_game_do_opposites_really_attract"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The mating game: do opposites really attract" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/3704920/The_mating_game_do_opposites_really_attract">The mating game: do opposites really attract</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Molecular Ecology</span><span>, 2008</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">When selecting a mate, females of many species face a complicated decision: choosing a very close...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">When selecting a mate, females of many species face a complicated decision: choosing a very closely related mate will lead to inbreeding, while choosing a mate who is too genetically dissimilar risks breaking up beneficial gene complexes or local genetic adaptations. To ensure the best genetic quality of their offspring, the perfect compromise lies somewhere in between: an optimally genetically dissimilar partner. Empirical evidence demonstrating female preference for genetically dissimilar mates is proof of the adage ‘opposites attract’. In stark contrast, Chandler & Zamudio (2008) show in this issue of Molecular Ecology that female spotted salamanders often choose males that are genetically more similar to themselves (although not if the males are small). Along with other recent work, these field studies highlight the broad spectrum of options available to females with respect to relatedness in their choice of mate that belies this rule of thumb.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-3704920-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-3704920-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/45557279/figure-1-female-spotted-salamanders-ambystoma-maculatum"><img alt="Fig.1 Female spotted salamanders (Ambystoma maculatum) choose mates based on both genetic relatedness and size. (Photo credit: Harry W. Greene). The fitness of males chosen with different strategies may change with varying social, ecological or genetic contexts (Qvarnstrém 2001). Future work exploring the interplay between different forms of female mate choice in spotted salamanders under different ecological and genetic scenarios stands to contribute to our understanding of adaptive mate choice. A fascinating example of a plastic context dependent female mate choice strategy has recently been uncovered in spadefoot toads (Pfennig 2007). Defying the biological species concept, female toads take the saying ‘opposites attract’ to an extreme, actively choosing to mate with males of another, closely related species under stressful environmental condi- tions. Heterospecific tadpoles metamorphose faster than conspecific ones, although they will suffer from reduced fecundity and fertility later in life. This fitness trade-off presents females with an environmentally dependent mate choice: reproductive success is optimized by heterospecific matings when pools are shallow and likely to dry quickly, but conspecific matings are otherwise favourable. Females anticipate the optimal fitness required by their offspring and facultatively switch preference based on habitat. Such " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/31694991/figure_001.jpg" width="114" height="68" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-3704920-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="8e3cffc03aee92a986ce56f555374abe" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":31694991,"asset_id":3704920,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31694991/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="3704920"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="3704920"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704920; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704920]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704920]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704920; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='3704920']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "8e3cffc03aee92a986ce56f555374abe" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=3704920]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":3704920,"title":"The mating game: do opposites really attract","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"When selecting a mate, females of many species face a complicated decision: choosing a very closely related mate will lead to inbreeding, while choosing a mate who is too genetically dissimilar risks breaking up beneficial gene complexes or local genetic adaptations. To ensure the best genetic quality of their offspring, the perfect compromise lies somewhere in between: an optimally genetically dissimilar partner. Empirical evidence demonstrating female preference for genetically dissimilar mates is proof of the adage ‘opposites attract’. In stark contrast, Chandler \u0026 Zamudio (2008) show in this issue of Molecular Ecology that female spotted salamanders often choose males that are genetically more similar to themselves (although not if the males are small). Along with other recent work, these field studies highlight the broad spectrum of options available to females with respect to relatedness in their choice of mate that belies this rule of thumb.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2008,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Molecular Ecology"},"translated_abstract":"When selecting a mate, females of many species face a complicated decision: choosing a very closely related mate will lead to inbreeding, while choosing a mate who is too genetically dissimilar risks breaking up beneficial gene complexes or local genetic adaptations. To ensure the best genetic quality of their offspring, the perfect compromise lies somewhere in between: an optimally genetically dissimilar partner. Empirical evidence demonstrating female preference for genetically dissimilar mates is proof of the adage ‘opposites attract’. In stark contrast, Chandler \u0026 Zamudio (2008) show in this issue of Molecular Ecology that female spotted salamanders often choose males that are genetically more similar to themselves (although not if the males are small). Along with other recent work, these field studies highlight the broad spectrum of options available to females with respect to relatedness in their choice of mate that belies this rule of thumb.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/3704920/The_mating_game_do_opposites_really_attract","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:07:32.061-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":4533491,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31694991,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg","file_name":"Gow_2008.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31694991/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"The_mating_game_do_opposites_really_attr.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31694991/Gow_2008-libre.pdf?1392417344=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_mating_game_do_opposites_really_attr.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340793\u0026Signature=JEVO5v6UfHyeBfo2g0e7th6fQZfvnfyHxpTzcLjZzWFvQlWPVUUDOf4PHUgtZh72xT5nk8ZizMkhPIfHyMayQ7hRqSGxCh0iVbzSLizjP0ABSmMN38UG62uYXxc-6bincTdIyTuO0WyLNh1Yu0aE2kECmdkcXcw96bZjlHd-o8oWtBk~MoqHtcy-~NItvwJYIX7EUEy6zHgqGOWNKDECb4Cu9hqFt6koTqRLwCwgylYoZbqzWUpNa9bsEwlXB~booUOvwjoCrdvBday2s8Qq39a8qZGjaR5q5pYwsERBeFWK2S4YcLlJQ02ZlMhw9-kG7XiNEpIL8WT05T-UxaK8ew__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_mating_game_do_opposites_really_attract","translated_slug":"","page_count":2,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"When selecting a mate, females of many species face a complicated decision: choosing a very closely related mate will lead to inbreeding, while choosing a mate who is too genetically dissimilar risks breaking up beneficial gene complexes or local genetic adaptations. To ensure the best genetic quality of their offspring, the perfect compromise lies somewhere in between: an optimally genetically dissimilar partner. Empirical evidence demonstrating female preference for genetically dissimilar mates is proof of the adage ‘opposites attract’. In stark contrast, Chandler \u0026 Zamudio (2008) show in this issue of Molecular Ecology that female spotted salamanders often choose males that are genetically more similar to themselves (although not if the males are small). Along with other recent work, these field studies highlight the broad spectrum of options available to females with respect to relatedness in their choice of mate that belies this rule of thumb.","impression_tracking_id":null,"owner":{"id":4533491,"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gow","page_name":"JenniferGow","domain_name":"ubc","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:05:33.399-07:00","display_name":"Jennifer Gow","url":"https://ubc.academia.edu/JenniferGow"},"attachments":[{"id":31694991,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg","file_name":"Gow_2008.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31694991/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"The_mating_game_do_opposites_really_attr.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31694991/Gow_2008-libre.pdf?1392417344=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_mating_game_do_opposites_really_attr.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340793\u0026Signature=JEVO5v6UfHyeBfo2g0e7th6fQZfvnfyHxpTzcLjZzWFvQlWPVUUDOf4PHUgtZh72xT5nk8ZizMkhPIfHyMayQ7hRqSGxCh0iVbzSLizjP0ABSmMN38UG62uYXxc-6bincTdIyTuO0WyLNh1Yu0aE2kECmdkcXcw96bZjlHd-o8oWtBk~MoqHtcy-~NItvwJYIX7EUEy6zHgqGOWNKDECb4Cu9hqFt6koTqRLwCwgylYoZbqzWUpNa9bsEwlXB~booUOvwjoCrdvBday2s8Qq39a8qZGjaR5q5pYwsERBeFWK2S4YcLlJQ02ZlMhw9-kG7XiNEpIL8WT05T-UxaK8ew__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[{"id":1209581,"url":"http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2008.03691.x"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (true) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-3704920-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="3704911"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/3704911/Ecological_selection_against_hybrids_in_natural_populations_of_sympatric_threespine_sticklebacks"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Ecological selection against hybrids in natural populations of sympatric threespine sticklebacks" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/31388450/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/3704911/Ecological_selection_against_hybrids_in_natural_populations_of_sympatric_threespine_sticklebacks">Ecological selection against hybrids in natural populations of sympatric threespine sticklebacks</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Evolutionary Biology</span><span>, 2007</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Experimental work has provided evidence for extrinsic post-zygotic isolation, a phenomenon unique...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Experimental work has provided evidence for extrinsic post-zygotic isolation, a phenomenon unique to ecological speciation. The role that ecological components to reduced hybrid fitness play in promoting speciation and maintaining species integrity in the wild, however, is not as well understood. We addressed this problem by testing for selection against naturally occurring hybrids in two sympatric species pairs of benthic and limnetic threespine sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus). If post-zygotic isolation is a significant reproductive barrier, the relative frequency of hybrids within a population should decline significantly across the life-cycle. Such a trend in a natural population would give independent support to experimental evidence for extrinsic, rather than intrinsic, post-zygotic isolation in this system. Indeed, tracing mean individual hybridity (genetic intermediateness) across three lifehistory stages spanning four generations revealed just such a decline. This provides compelling evidence that extrinsic selection plays an important role in maintaining species divergence and supports a role for ecological speciation in sticklebacks.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="53368fc056317ac6d557627b06a53b66" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":31388450,"asset_id":3704911,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31388450/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="3704911"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="3704911"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704911; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704911]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704911]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704911; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='3704911']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "53368fc056317ac6d557627b06a53b66" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=3704911]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":3704911,"title":"Ecological selection against hybrids in natural populations of sympatric threespine sticklebacks","translated_title":"","metadata":{"grobid_abstract":"Experimental work has provided evidence for extrinsic post-zygotic isolation, a phenomenon unique to ecological speciation. The role that ecological components to reduced hybrid fitness play in promoting speciation and maintaining species integrity in the wild, however, is not as well understood. We addressed this problem by testing for selection against naturally occurring hybrids in two sympatric species pairs of benthic and limnetic threespine sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus). If post-zygotic isolation is a significant reproductive barrier, the relative frequency of hybrids within a population should decline significantly across the life-cycle. Such a trend in a natural population would give independent support to experimental evidence for extrinsic, rather than intrinsic, post-zygotic isolation in this system. Indeed, tracing mean individual hybridity (genetic intermediateness) across three lifehistory stages spanning four generations revealed just such a decline. This provides compelling evidence that extrinsic selection plays an important role in maintaining species divergence and supports a role for ecological speciation in sticklebacks.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2007,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biology","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":31388450},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/3704911/Ecological_selection_against_hybrids_in_natural_populations_of_sympatric_threespine_sticklebacks","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:06:46.474-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":4533491,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31388450,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/31388450/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"2007Gowetal.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31388450/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Ecological_selection_against_hybrids_in.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31388450/2007Gowetal-libre.pdf?1392336358=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEcological_selection_against_hybrids_in.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340793\u0026Signature=QvK8nJO4aBv40QSpSwPCIFKVnngABv6H8Y~3pklZNHHCwSWFdoMJ0bB0~f7KuwNas2GiCgrShnXjoK5x9G0P7wKHcUUBgloR3~nGfZHUvhR~9WeMKHInsvsW53rBcR64RctR84hkBSCikfUNJW0HVHH07sx7uxlslBd2r2GRnrP3MJtHc6hggX4G7Birj22BCpNAiPrmnVrjIkz0CNrLVtS-S~5iPigE6DL0NvAXtARwRNTnBK2nysnKzLciQGt72yafTA-gTLiFYS6tMGncUqLZ~GUOWYh5VTYIuJKkhnPFjEuBjZFEViK4iPxWSul573U8daQQELjY8ToRwYnK7A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Ecological_selection_against_hybrids_in_natural_populations_of_sympatric_threespine_sticklebacks","translated_slug":"","page_count":8,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Experimental work has provided evidence for extrinsic post-zygotic isolation, a phenomenon unique to ecological speciation. The role that ecological components to reduced hybrid fitness play in promoting speciation and maintaining species integrity in the wild, however, is not as well understood. We addressed this problem by testing for selection against naturally occurring hybrids in two sympatric species pairs of benthic and limnetic threespine sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus). If post-zygotic isolation is a significant reproductive barrier, the relative frequency of hybrids within a population should decline significantly across the life-cycle. Such a trend in a natural population would give independent support to experimental evidence for extrinsic, rather than intrinsic, post-zygotic isolation in this system. Indeed, tracing mean individual hybridity (genetic intermediateness) across three lifehistory stages spanning four generations revealed just such a decline. This provides compelling evidence that extrinsic selection plays an important role in maintaining species divergence and supports a role for ecological speciation in sticklebacks.","impression_tracking_id":null,"owner":{"id":4533491,"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gow","page_name":"JenniferGow","domain_name":"ubc","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:05:33.399-07:00","display_name":"Jennifer Gow","url":"https://ubc.academia.edu/JenniferGow"},"attachments":[{"id":31388450,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/31388450/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"2007Gowetal.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31388450/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Ecological_selection_against_hybrids_in.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31388450/2007Gowetal-libre.pdf?1392336358=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEcological_selection_against_hybrids_in.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340793\u0026Signature=QvK8nJO4aBv40QSpSwPCIFKVnngABv6H8Y~3pklZNHHCwSWFdoMJ0bB0~f7KuwNas2GiCgrShnXjoK5x9G0P7wKHcUUBgloR3~nGfZHUvhR~9WeMKHInsvsW53rBcR64RctR84hkBSCikfUNJW0HVHH07sx7uxlslBd2r2GRnrP3MJtHc6hggX4G7Birj22BCpNAiPrmnVrjIkz0CNrLVtS-S~5iPigE6DL0NvAXtARwRNTnBK2nysnKzLciQGt72yafTA-gTLiFYS6tMGncUqLZ~GUOWYh5VTYIuJKkhnPFjEuBjZFEViK4iPxWSul573U8daQQELjY8ToRwYnK7A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[{"id":1209573,"url":"http://labs.fhcrc.org/peichel/media/pdfs/2007Gowetal.pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-3704911-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="4200004"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/4200004/Quantifying_the_constraining_influence_of_gene_flow_on_adaptive_divergence_in_the_lake_stream_threespine_stickleback_system"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Quantifying the constraining influence of gene flow on adaptive divergence in the lake-stream threespine stickleback system" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/4200004/Quantifying_the_constraining_influence_of_gene_flow_on_adaptive_divergence_in_the_lake_stream_threespine_stickleback_system">Quantifying the constraining influence of gene flow on adaptive divergence in the lake-stream threespine stickleback system</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The constraining effect of gene flow on adaptive divergence is often inferred but rarely quantifi...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The constraining effect of gene flow on adaptive divergence is often inferred but rarely quantified. We illustrate ways of doing so using stream populations of threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) that experience different levels of gene flow from a parapatric lake population. In the Misty Lake watershed (British Columbia, Canada), the inlet stream population is morphologically divergent from the lake population, and presumably experiences little gene flow from the lake. The outlet stream population, however, shows an intermediate phenotype and may experience more gene flow from the lake. We first used microsatellite data to demonstrate that gene flow from the lake is low into the inlet but high into the outlet, and that gene flow from the lake remains relatively constant with distance along the outlet. We next combined gene flow data with morphological and habitat data to quantify the effect of gene flow on morphological divergence. In one approach, we assumed that inlet stickleback manifest well-adapted phenotypic trait values not constrained by gene flow. We then calculated the deviation between the observed and expected phenotypes for a given habitat in the outlet. In a second approach, we parameterized a quantitative genetic model of adaptive divergence. Both approaches suggest a large impact of gene flow, constraining adaptation by 80-86% in the outlet (i.e., only 14-20% of the expected morphological divergence in the absence of gene flow was observed). Such approaches may be useful in other taxa to estimate how important gene flow is in constraining adaptive divergence in nature.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="f27b046f9a67e43f6c39602b18d18f99" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":31694997,"asset_id":4200004,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31694997/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="4200004"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="4200004"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4200004; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4200004]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4200004]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4200004; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='4200004']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "f27b046f9a67e43f6c39602b18d18f99" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=4200004]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":4200004,"title":"Quantifying the constraining influence of gene flow on adaptive divergence in the lake-stream threespine stickleback system","translated_title":"","metadata":{"journal_name":"Evolution","grobid_abstract":"The constraining effect of gene flow on adaptive divergence is often inferred but rarely quantified. We illustrate ways of doing so using stream populations of threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) that experience different levels of gene flow from a parapatric lake population. In the Misty Lake watershed (British Columbia, Canada), the inlet stream population is morphologically divergent from the lake population, and presumably experiences little gene flow from the lake. The outlet stream population, however, shows an intermediate phenotype and may experience more gene flow from the lake. We first used microsatellite data to demonstrate that gene flow from the lake is low into the inlet but high into the outlet, and that gene flow from the lake remains relatively constant with distance along the outlet. We next combined gene flow data with morphological and habitat data to quantify the effect of gene flow on morphological divergence. In one approach, we assumed that inlet stickleback manifest well-adapted phenotypic trait values not constrained by gene flow. We then calculated the deviation between the observed and expected phenotypes for a given habitat in the outlet. In a second approach, we parameterized a quantitative genetic model of adaptive divergence. Both approaches suggest a large impact of gene flow, constraining adaptation by 80-86% in the outlet (i.e., only 14-20% of the expected morphological divergence in the absence of gene flow was observed). Such approaches may be useful in other taxa to estimate how important gene flow is in constraining adaptive divergence in nature.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2007,"errors":{}},"grobid_abstract_attachment_id":31694997},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/4200004/Quantifying_the_constraining_influence_of_gene_flow_on_adaptive_divergence_in_the_lake_stream_threespine_stickleback_system","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2013-08-08T10:58:15.387-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":4533491,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31694997,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg","file_name":"Moore_et_al_2007.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31694997/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Quantifying_the_constraining_influence_o.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31694997/Moore_et_al_2007-libre.pdf?1392430315=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DQuantifying_the_constraining_influence_o.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340793\u0026Signature=XBFc6ri8STTYBVQu3770mCaVpKIIHyI5mfykleb9L47khQyEJZm-L0kPSKRLNv1B03dN4b-pupQOFX6ZGi9CA7LdWGfusS3~Pb9vWqcrIKfFizgmlWVzAHnfI0JX5gMwSERJjurIfPa6N2xMGjJr7GmM7OmIjE3jUU4WAbl5A9z6d~UdE9quTuuJdMrHOtGONHvFLsZnLkeieanpELgsjSjV22Em6tgq3HHsIQ22-1OgxGP6zI2ZL7Cs4DQ71aqMDrgJLHDcHCMiHk3bgEJbPHVE7X~L7A0Z0zm2zkCKq2D3j4sxCqDVFinvVaNHxk0CLlQOyh5a9Eq3TRHEWLQ21Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Quantifying_the_constraining_influence_of_gene_flow_on_adaptive_divergence_in_the_lake_stream_threespine_stickleback_system","translated_slug":"","page_count":12,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"The constraining effect of gene flow on adaptive divergence is often inferred but rarely quantified. We illustrate ways of doing so using stream populations of threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) that experience different levels of gene flow from a parapatric lake population. In the Misty Lake watershed (British Columbia, Canada), the inlet stream population is morphologically divergent from the lake population, and presumably experiences little gene flow from the lake. The outlet stream population, however, shows an intermediate phenotype and may experience more gene flow from the lake. We first used microsatellite data to demonstrate that gene flow from the lake is low into the inlet but high into the outlet, and that gene flow from the lake remains relatively constant with distance along the outlet. We next combined gene flow data with morphological and habitat data to quantify the effect of gene flow on morphological divergence. In one approach, we assumed that inlet stickleback manifest well-adapted phenotypic trait values not constrained by gene flow. We then calculated the deviation between the observed and expected phenotypes for a given habitat in the outlet. In a second approach, we parameterized a quantitative genetic model of adaptive divergence. Both approaches suggest a large impact of gene flow, constraining adaptation by 80-86% in the outlet (i.e., only 14-20% of the expected morphological divergence in the absence of gene flow was observed). Such approaches may be useful in other taxa to estimate how important gene flow is in constraining adaptive divergence in nature.","impression_tracking_id":null,"owner":{"id":4533491,"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gow","page_name":"JenniferGow","domain_name":"ubc","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:05:33.399-07:00","display_name":"Jennifer Gow","url":"https://ubc.academia.edu/JenniferGow"},"attachments":[{"id":31694997,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg","file_name":"Moore_et_al_2007.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31694997/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Quantifying_the_constraining_influence_o.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31694997/Moore_et_al_2007-libre.pdf?1392430315=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DQuantifying_the_constraining_influence_o.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340793\u0026Signature=XBFc6ri8STTYBVQu3770mCaVpKIIHyI5mfykleb9L47khQyEJZm-L0kPSKRLNv1B03dN4b-pupQOFX6ZGi9CA7LdWGfusS3~Pb9vWqcrIKfFizgmlWVzAHnfI0JX5gMwSERJjurIfPa6N2xMGjJr7GmM7OmIjE3jUU4WAbl5A9z6d~UdE9quTuuJdMrHOtGONHvFLsZnLkeieanpELgsjSjV22Em6tgq3HHsIQ22-1OgxGP6zI2ZL7Cs4DQ71aqMDrgJLHDcHCMiHk3bgEJbPHVE7X~L7A0Z0zm2zkCKq2D3j4sxCqDVFinvVaNHxk0CLlQOyh5a9Eq3TRHEWLQ21Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[{"id":1435097,"url":"http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2007.00168.x"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-4200004-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="3704917"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/3704917/Contrasting_temporal_dynamics_and_spatial_patterns_of_population_genetic_structure_correlate_with_differences_in_demography_and_habitat_between_two_closely_related_African_freshwater_snails"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Contrasting temporal dynamics and spatial patterns of population genetic structure correlate with differences in demography and habitat between two closely-related African freshwater snails" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/3704917/Contrasting_temporal_dynamics_and_spatial_patterns_of_population_genetic_structure_correlate_with_differences_in_demography_and_habitat_between_two_closely_related_African_freshwater_snails">Contrasting temporal dynamics and spatial patterns of population genetic structure correlate with differences in demography and habitat between two closely-related African freshwater snails</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Biological Journal of The Linnean Society</span><span>, 2007</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The relationship between habitat stability, demography, and population genetic structure was expl...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The relationship between habitat stability, demography, and population genetic structure was explored by comparing temporal microsatellite variability spanning a decade in two closely-related hermaphroditic freshwater snails from Cameroon, Bulinus forskalii and Bulinus camerunensis. Although both species show similar levels of preferential selfing, microsatellite analysis revealed significantly greater allelic richness and gene diversity in populations of the highly endemic B. camerunensis compared to those of the geographically-widespread B. forskalii. Additionally, B. camerunensis populations showed significantly lower spatial genetic differentiation, higher dispersal rates, and greater temporal stability compared to B. forskalii populations over a similar spatial scale. This suggests that a more stable demography and greater gene flow account for the elevated genetic diversity observed in this geographically-restricted snail. This contrasts sharply with a metapopulation model (which includes extinction/contraction, recolonization/expansion, and passive dispersal) invoked to account for population structuring in B. forskalii. As intermediate hosts for medically important schistosome parasites, these findings have ramifications for determining the scale at which local adaptation may occur in the coevolution of these snails and their parasites. © 2007 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2007, 90, 747–760.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b00c46d008355ed4904982dbb18b67bf" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":31695099,"asset_id":3704917,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31695099/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="3704917"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="3704917"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704917; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704917]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704917]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704917; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='3704917']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "b00c46d008355ed4904982dbb18b67bf" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=3704917]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":3704917,"title":"Contrasting temporal dynamics and spatial patterns of population genetic structure correlate with differences in demography and habitat between two closely-related African freshwater snails","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The relationship between habitat stability, demography, and population genetic structure was explored by comparing temporal microsatellite variability spanning a decade in two closely-related hermaphroditic freshwater snails from Cameroon, Bulinus forskalii and Bulinus camerunensis. 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Here, we describe 10 polymorphic tetranucleotide microsatellites to facilitate studies on population differentiation and gene flow. All loci successfully amplified in several species from this series. Genotyping 96 individuals from two A. roquet populations demonstrated the markers’ suitability as population genetic markers: genetic diversity was high (9–22 alleles per locus); there were no instances of linkage disequilibrium; and, with one exception, all genotypic frequencies conformed to Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium expectations.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a4041bb592eace97faaa65793caee8d6" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":31695007,"asset_id":3704909,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31695007/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="3704909"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="3704909"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704909; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704909]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704909]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704909; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='3704909']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "a4041bb592eace97faaa65793caee8d6" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=3704909]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":3704909,"title":"Ten polymorphic tetranucleotide microsatellite markers isolated from the Anolis roquet series of Caribbean lizards","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The Anolis roquet series of Caribbean lizards provides natural replicates with which to examine the role of historical contingency and ecological determinism in shaping evolutionary patterns. Here, we describe 10 polymorphic tetranucleotide microsatellites to facilitate studies on population differentiation and gene flow. All loci successfully amplified in several species from this series. Genotyping 96 individuals from two A. roquet populations demonstrated the markers’ suitability as population genetic markers: genetic diversity was high (9–22 alleles per locus); there were no instances of linkage disequilibrium; and, with one exception, all genotypic frequencies conformed to Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium expectations.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2006,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Molecular Ecology Notes"},"translated_abstract":"The Anolis roquet series of Caribbean lizards provides natural replicates with which to examine the role of historical contingency and ecological determinism in shaping evolutionary patterns. Here, we describe 10 polymorphic tetranucleotide microsatellites to facilitate studies on population differentiation and gene flow. 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Genotyping 96 individuals from two A. roquet populations demonstrated the markers’ suitability as population genetic markers: genetic diversity was high (9–22 alleles per locus); there were no instances of linkage disequilibrium; and, with one exception, all genotypic frequencies conformed to Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium expectations.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/3704909/Ten_polymorphic_tetranucleotide_microsatellite_markers_isolated_from_the_Anolis_roquet_series_of_Caribbean_lizards","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:06:13.899-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":4533491,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31695007,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg","file_name":"Gow_et_al_2006_Anolis.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31695007/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Ten_polymorphic_tetranucleotide_microsat.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31695007/Gow_et_al_2006_Anolis-libre.pdf?1391436082=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTen_polymorphic_tetranucleotide_microsat.pdf\u0026Expires=1744283982\u0026Signature=G~iVekn0mdRTInzAYwZ04yFnpwhQCHSutFvZahfOz-6oJjJ6zWibq5vYbsxb2xIESnE-fU2UgGKmdifS4LTQR76DeAtjrbTH-2GxtbgMYw4JmQoYVfYr9CLeSUFjiBDHWrnnVlG3CdhuUJGl0Ns-hM9rAfhZfGAVM0QdSs99I3TAV4k-BZqO4b-q~tpiITwvRUZPkw7U4zP6XfhN9J-xNGMDjCGDT1nuC0Nu4avmqllEtxGmbVDO4Ca0qdFwVhiT1Yyjd9SVrl5PhU620nXCnGf6cqfIg9fUpEfYFI77QBN09nGLcFATo-HrHfcYiVi0QKejv8dSdpNtT3dXvS1xVQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Ten_polymorphic_tetranucleotide_microsatellite_markers_isolated_from_the_Anolis_roquet_series_of_Caribbean_lizards","translated_slug":"","page_count":4,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"The Anolis roquet series of Caribbean lizards provides natural replicates with which to examine the role of historical contingency and ecological determinism in shaping evolutionary patterns. Here, we describe 10 polymorphic tetranucleotide microsatellites to facilitate studies on population differentiation and gene flow. All loci successfully amplified in several species from this series. Genotyping 96 individuals from two A. roquet populations demonstrated the markers’ suitability as population genetic markers: genetic diversity was high (9–22 alleles per locus); there were no instances of linkage disequilibrium; and, with one exception, all genotypic frequencies conformed to Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium expectations.","impression_tracking_id":null,"owner":{"id":4533491,"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gow","page_name":"JenniferGow","domain_name":"ubc","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:05:33.399-07:00","display_name":"Jennifer Gow","url":"https://ubc.academia.edu/JenniferGow"},"attachments":[{"id":31695007,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg","file_name":"Gow_et_al_2006_Anolis.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31695007/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Ten_polymorphic_tetranucleotide_microsat.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31695007/Gow_et_al_2006_Anolis-libre.pdf?1391436082=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTen_polymorphic_tetranucleotide_microsat.pdf\u0026Expires=1744283982\u0026Signature=G~iVekn0mdRTInzAYwZ04yFnpwhQCHSutFvZahfOz-6oJjJ6zWibq5vYbsxb2xIESnE-fU2UgGKmdifS4LTQR76DeAtjrbTH-2GxtbgMYw4JmQoYVfYr9CLeSUFjiBDHWrnnVlG3CdhuUJGl0Ns-hM9rAfhZfGAVM0QdSs99I3TAV4k-BZqO4b-q~tpiITwvRUZPkw7U4zP6XfhN9J-xNGMDjCGDT1nuC0Nu4avmqllEtxGmbVDO4Ca0qdFwVhiT1Yyjd9SVrl5PhU620nXCnGf6cqfIg9fUpEfYFI77QBN09nGLcFATo-HrHfcYiVi0QKejv8dSdpNtT3dXvS1xVQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[{"id":1435126,"url":"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1471-8286.2006.01382.x/abstract"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-3704909-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="3704912"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/3704912/Contrasting_hybridization_rates_between_sympatric_three_spined_sticklebacks_highlight_the_fragility_of_reproductive_barriers_between_evolutionarily_young_species"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Contrasting hybridization rates between sympatric three-spined sticklebacks highlight the fragility of reproductive barriers between evolutionarily young species" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/31694461/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/3704912/Contrasting_hybridization_rates_between_sympatric_three_spined_sticklebacks_highlight_the_fragility_of_reproductive_barriers_between_evolutionarily_young_species">Contrasting hybridization rates between sympatric three-spined sticklebacks highlight the fragility of reproductive barriers between evolutionarily young species</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Molecular Ecology</span><span>, 2006</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) are a powerful evolutionary model system due t...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) are a powerful evolutionary model system due to the rapid and repeated phenotypic divergence of freshwater forms from a marine ancestor throughout the Northern Hemisphere. Many of these recently derived populations are found in overlapping habitats, yet are reproductively isolated from each other. This scenario provides excellent opportunities to investigate the mechanisms driving speciation in natural populations. Genetically distinguishing between such recently derived species, however, can create difficulties in exploring the ecological and genetic factors defining species boundaries, an essential component to our understanding of speciation. We overcame these limitations and increased the power of analyses by selecting highly discriminatory markers from the battery of genetic markers now available. Using species diagnostic molecular profiles, we quantified levels of hybridization and introgression within three sympatric species pairs of three-spined stickleback. Sticklebacks within Priest and Paxton lakes exhibit a low level of natural hybridization and provide support for the role of reinforcement in maintaining distinct species in sympatry. In contrast, our study provides further evidence for a continued breakdown of the Enos Lake species pair into a hybrid swarm, with biased introgression of the ‘limnetic’ species into that of the ‘benthic’; a situation that highlights the delicate balance between persistence and breakdown of reproductive barriers between young species. A similar strategy utilizing the stickleback microsatellite resource can also be applied to answer an array of biological questions in other species’ pair systems in this geographically widespread and phenotypically diverse model organism.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="3e5c3e78a8c8045d8400440d504cbe18" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":31694461,"asset_id":3704912,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31694461/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="3704912"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="3704912"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704912; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704912]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704912]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704912; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='3704912']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "3e5c3e78a8c8045d8400440d504cbe18" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=3704912]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":3704912,"title":"Contrasting hybridization rates between sympatric three-spined sticklebacks highlight the fragility of reproductive barriers between evolutionarily young species","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) are a powerful evolutionary model system due to the rapid and repeated phenotypic divergence of freshwater forms from a marine ancestor throughout the Northern Hemisphere. Many of these recently derived populations are found in overlapping habitats, yet are reproductively isolated from each other. This scenario provides excellent opportunities to investigate the mechanisms driving speciation in natural populations. Genetically distinguishing between such recently derived species, however, can create difficulties in exploring the ecological and genetic factors defining species boundaries, an essential component to our understanding of speciation. We overcame these limitations and increased the power of analyses by selecting highly discriminatory markers from the battery of genetic markers now available. Using species diagnostic molecular profiles, we quantified levels of hybridization and introgression within three sympatric species pairs of three-spined stickleback. Sticklebacks within Priest and Paxton lakes exhibit a low level of natural hybridization and provide support for the role of reinforcement in maintaining distinct species in sympatry. In contrast, our study provides further evidence for a continued breakdown of the Enos Lake species pair into a hybrid swarm, with biased introgression of the ‘limnetic’ species into that of the ‘benthic’; a situation that highlights the delicate balance between persistence and breakdown of reproductive barriers between young species. A similar strategy utilizing the stickleback microsatellite resource can also be applied to answer an array of biological questions in other species’ pair systems in this geographically widespread and phenotypically diverse model organism.","ai_title_tag":"Hybridization and Reproductive Barriers in Sticklebacks","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2006,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Molecular Ecology"},"translated_abstract":"Three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) are a powerful evolutionary model system due to the rapid and repeated phenotypic divergence of freshwater forms from a marine ancestor throughout the Northern Hemisphere. Many of these recently derived populations are found in overlapping habitats, yet are reproductively isolated from each other. This scenario provides excellent opportunities to investigate the mechanisms driving speciation in natural populations. Genetically distinguishing between such recently derived species, however, can create difficulties in exploring the ecological and genetic factors defining species boundaries, an essential component to our understanding of speciation. We overcame these limitations and increased the power of analyses by selecting highly discriminatory markers from the battery of genetic markers now available. Using species diagnostic molecular profiles, we quantified levels of hybridization and introgression within three sympatric species pairs of three-spined stickleback. Sticklebacks within Priest and Paxton lakes exhibit a low level of natural hybridization and provide support for the role of reinforcement in maintaining distinct species in sympatry. In contrast, our study provides further evidence for a continued breakdown of the Enos Lake species pair into a hybrid swarm, with biased introgression of the ‘limnetic’ species into that of the ‘benthic’; a situation that highlights the delicate balance between persistence and breakdown of reproductive barriers between young species. A similar strategy utilizing the stickleback microsatellite resource can also be applied to answer an array of biological questions in other species’ pair systems in this geographically widespread and phenotypically diverse model organism.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/3704912/Contrasting_hybridization_rates_between_sympatric_three_spined_sticklebacks_highlight_the_fragility_of_reproductive_barriers_between_evolutionarily_young_species","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:06:47.611-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":4533491,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31694461,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/31694461/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Gow_et_al_Mol_Ecol_2006.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31694461/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Contrasting_hybridization_rates_between.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31694461/Gow_et_al_Mol_Ecol_2006-libre.pdf?1392302552=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DContrasting_hybridization_rates_between.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340793\u0026Signature=KXg31nTkyRWgjTNLyDg9oZJu5j9AeGrzjt~e-Izz5A2LQtCZkyL4AsvycaahDw-DCu19AuW8iYEyTLnjsD7QR1Wnr8RHnE4CgczliezzIT61ogmlTQci6nVyJPJo8gzeQUhVG5I2HfUztT--A4ZPTOCLPjw8DMG8HLL-Gd1rnQ8~rdzy7Ks0OozropRfwjpsGu36OBNoL3Y354cJeolyA1wZ0pOb1cHQ8eQ4cpni7OcQBS65tv3S7Gosiqi3aBEHrf4E6CPFT7DxMOHcF~mTVlIrsWQDh8crKZGDmdhWm4mNVQ7o1T0NiddcxtiMhkkY-7rrKBgoWO5up9onvT8H9Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Contrasting_hybridization_rates_between_sympatric_three_spined_sticklebacks_highlight_the_fragility_of_reproductive_barriers_between_evolutionarily_young_species","translated_slug":"","page_count":33,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) are a powerful evolutionary model system due to the rapid and repeated phenotypic divergence of freshwater forms from a marine ancestor throughout the Northern Hemisphere. Many of these recently derived populations are found in overlapping habitats, yet are reproductively isolated from each other. This scenario provides excellent opportunities to investigate the mechanisms driving speciation in natural populations. Genetically distinguishing between such recently derived species, however, can create difficulties in exploring the ecological and genetic factors defining species boundaries, an essential component to our understanding of speciation. We overcame these limitations and increased the power of analyses by selecting highly discriminatory markers from the battery of genetic markers now available. Using species diagnostic molecular profiles, we quantified levels of hybridization and introgression within three sympatric species pairs of three-spined stickleback. Sticklebacks within Priest and Paxton lakes exhibit a low level of natural hybridization and provide support for the role of reinforcement in maintaining distinct species in sympatry. In contrast, our study provides further evidence for a continued breakdown of the Enos Lake species pair into a hybrid swarm, with biased introgression of the ‘limnetic’ species into that of the ‘benthic’; a situation that highlights the delicate balance between persistence and breakdown of reproductive barriers between young species. A similar strategy utilizing the stickleback microsatellite resource can also be applied to answer an array of biological questions in other species’ pair systems in this geographically widespread and phenotypically diverse model organism.","impression_tracking_id":null,"owner":{"id":4533491,"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gow","page_name":"JenniferGow","domain_name":"ubc","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:05:33.399-07:00","display_name":"Jennifer Gow","url":"https://ubc.academia.edu/JenniferGow"},"attachments":[{"id":31694461,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/31694461/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Gow_et_al_Mol_Ecol_2006.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31694461/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Contrasting_hybridization_rates_between.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31694461/Gow_et_al_Mol_Ecol_2006-libre.pdf?1392302552=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DContrasting_hybridization_rates_between.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340793\u0026Signature=KXg31nTkyRWgjTNLyDg9oZJu5j9AeGrzjt~e-Izz5A2LQtCZkyL4AsvycaahDw-DCu19AuW8iYEyTLnjsD7QR1Wnr8RHnE4CgczliezzIT61ogmlTQci6nVyJPJo8gzeQUhVG5I2HfUztT--A4ZPTOCLPjw8DMG8HLL-Gd1rnQ8~rdzy7Ks0OozropRfwjpsGu36OBNoL3Y354cJeolyA1wZ0pOb1cHQ8eQ4cpni7OcQBS65tv3S7Gosiqi3aBEHrf4E6CPFT7DxMOHcF~mTVlIrsWQDh8crKZGDmdhWm4mNVQ7o1T0NiddcxtiMhkkY-7rrKBgoWO5up9onvT8H9Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[{"id":1435130,"url":"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2006.02825.x/abstract"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-3704912-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="3704910"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/3704910/Speciation_in_reverse_morphological_and_genetic_evidence_of_the_collapse_of_a_three_spined_stickleback_Gasterosteus_aculeatus_species_pair"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Speciation in reverse: morphological and genetic evidence of the collapse of a three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) species pair" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/3704910/Speciation_in_reverse_morphological_and_genetic_evidence_of_the_collapse_of_a_three_spined_stickleback_Gasterosteus_aculeatus_species_pair">Speciation in reverse: morphological and genetic evidence of the collapse of a three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) species pair</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Molecular Ecology</span><span>, 2005</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Historically, six small lakes in southwestern British Columbia each contained a sympatric species...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Historically, six small lakes in southwestern British Columbia each contained a sympatric species pair of three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus). These pairs consisted of a ‘benthic’ and ‘limnetic’ species that had arisen postglacially and, in four of the lakes, independently. Sympatric sticklebacks are considered biological species because they are morphologically, ecologically and genetically distinct and because they are strongly reproductively isolated from one another. The restricted range of the species pairs places them at risk of extinction, and one of the pairs has gone extinct after the introduction of an exotic catfish. In another lake, Enos Lake, southeastern Vancouver Island, an earlier report suggested that its species pair is at risk from elevated levels of hybridization. We conducted a detailed morphological analysis, as well as genetic analysis of variation at five microsatellite loci for samples spanning a time frame of 1977 to 2002 to test the hypothesis that the pair in Enos Lake is collapsing into a hybrid swarm. Our morphological analysis showed a clear breakdown between benthics and limnetics. Bayesian model-based clustering indicated that two morphological clusters were evident in 1977 and 1988, which were replaced by 1997 by a single highly variable cluster. The most recent 2000 and 2002 samples confirm the breakdown. Microsatellite analysis corroborated the morphological results. Bayesian analyses of population structure in a sample collected in 1994 indicated two genetically distinct populations in Enos Lake, but only a single genetic population was evident in 1997, 2000, and 2002. In addition, genetic analyses of samples collected in 1997, 2000, and 2002 showed strong signals of ‘hybrids’; they were genetically intermediate to parental genotypes. Our results support the idea that the Enos Lake species pair is collapsing into a hybrid swarm. Although the precise mechanism(s) responsible for elevated hybridization in the lake is unknown, the demise of the Enos Lake species pair follows the appearance of an exotic crayfish, Pascifasticus lenisculus, in the early 1990s.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-3704910-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-3704910-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41861577/figure-1-the-initial-indication-that-enos-lake-might-contain"><img alt="The initial indication that Enos Lake might contain two species of sticklebacks was based on morphological obser- " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/31695051/figure_001.jpg" width="114" height="68" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41861587/figure-2-speciation-in-reverse-morphological-and-genetic"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/31695051/figure_002.jpg" width="114" height="68" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41861594/figure-3-total-of-times-each-with-burn-in-period-of-uuu"><img alt="total of 10 times, each with a ‘burn-in’ period of 90 UUU simulations to minimize the dependence of subsequent parameter estimates on starting values, followed by parameter estimation after a further 450 000 simulations. We used the log-likelihood ratio test to test for differences in the likelihoods of different models of population struc- ture in Enos Lake. The test statistic is 2(In L1-1n L2), where In L1 is the natural logarithm of the likelihood of the sim- plest model (i.e. one population) and In L2 (or In L3) is the log-likelihood of the more general model invoking two (or three) populations (Huelsenbeck & Rannala 1997). The test statistic has an approximately chi-squared distribution with the degrees of freedom equal to the number of addi- tional parameters (populations) in the more complex model (1 in the case of two populations, 2 in the case of three populations). In all cases except for the 1994 baseline sample, genetic analyses were conducted without prior knowledge of the level of morphological distinction within a particular sample. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/31695051/figure_003.jpg" width="114" height="68" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41861605/table-2-mean-and-variance-of-the-first-relative-warp-pc-of"><img alt="Table 2 Mean and variance (x 104) of the first relative warp (PC1) of morphological clusters for three-spined sticklebacks in each year Assignment tests " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/31695051/figure_004.jpg" width="114" height="68" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41861623/figure-5-plots-of-the-mean-scores-from-factorial"><img alt="Fig. 5 Plots of the mean scores from a factorial correspondence analysis (FCA) of variation at five microsatellite loci for Enos Lake three-spined sticklebacks collected across four years. Collection year is indicated next to each sample point, ‘Hybrids’ for simulated hybrids between 1994 Benthic and Limnetic samples. All samples are adult fish except for 2000 where adults (‘2000-A’) and juvenile (’2000-J’) samples are differentiated. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/31695051/figure_005.jpg" width="114" height="68" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41861637/figure-6-bivariate-plots-of-factorial-correspondence-scores"><img alt="Fig. 6 Bivariate plots of factorial correspondence scores (FCA) along FCA axis 1 for individual Enos Lake three-spined stick- lebacks derived from variation at five microsatellite loci and morphological warp score for the same fish for (A) 1997 and (B) 2000. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/31695051/figure_006.jpg" width="114" height="68" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41861647/table-1-sample-sizes-in-each-year-in-which-three-spined"><img alt="Table 1 Sample sizes in each year in which three-spined stickleback were sampled from Enos Lake. Dashes (—) indicate that no samples were available phological variability was marginally higher in 1988 than 1977, and the difference between species means was slightly less (Table 2). In contrast, the 1997, 2000, and 2002 collections showed only a single cluster of measurements. Morphological variability in the single cluster in these years was substantially higher than in earlier clusters (Table 2). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/31695051/table_001.jpg" width="114" height="68" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41861662/table-2-microsatellite-variation-across-the-five-loci-gene"><img alt="Microsatellite variation Across the five loci, gene diversity was high and ranged from 0.48 (1997 sample) to 0.61 (Enos limnetic 1994). The number of alleles adjusted to a common sample size of 25 individuals ranged from an average of 4.1 (1997 sample) to a high of 5.8 (Enos limnetic 1994). Tests for deviations from Hardy-Weinberg conditions indicated one significant deviation in the 1994 Enos limnetic sample (at Cir51). More deviations, however, were observed in the 1997 (four oci), 2000 (four loci), and 2002 (three loci) samples (Taylor et al., unpublished). Within any sample, only one test for inkage disequilibrium was significant (after adjusting for 10 tests within samples); Gac7 and Gac9 were found to be in significant disequilibrium within the 1997 sample (P < 0.005). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/31695051/table_002.jpg" width="114" height="68" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41861677/table-3-assignment-of-three-spined-sticklebacks-from-enos"><img alt="Table 3 Assignment of three-spined sticklebacks from Enos Lake to benthic, limnetic or hybrid categories shown as raw counts with percentages in parentheses Also shown is the mean difference (SD) in individual log- likelihood scores fish assigned as a benthic or limnetic. Assignment was based on variation at five microsatellite loci. All samples are for adult fish except for 2000 where J, juvenile stickleback; A, adult stickleback. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/31695051/table_003.jpg" width="114" height="68" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/41861699/table-4-mean-likelihood-scores-and-their-standard-deviations"><img alt="Table 4 Mean likelihood scores and their standard deviations from 10 runs of the srrUCTURE program for each hypothesized number of populations (K) of three-spined sticklebacks inferred from variation at five microsatellite loci. Bold values are the most likely population structure “Indicates significantly most likely among models within a year, as determined by likelihood ratio tests. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/31695051/table_004.jpg" width="114" height="68" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-3704910-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="f36adb643228903896544434d902fff6" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":31695051,"asset_id":3704910,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31695051/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="3704910"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="3704910"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704910; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704910]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704910]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704910; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='3704910']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "f36adb643228903896544434d902fff6" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=3704910]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":3704910,"title":"Speciation in reverse: morphological and genetic evidence of the collapse of a three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) species pair","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Historically, six small lakes in southwestern British Columbia each contained a sympatric species pair of three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus). These pairs consisted of a ‘benthic’ and ‘limnetic’ species that had arisen postglacially and, in four of the lakes, independently. Sympatric sticklebacks are considered biological species because they are morphologically, ecologically and genetically distinct and because they are strongly reproductively isolated from one another. The restricted range of the species pairs places them at risk of extinction, and one of the pairs has gone extinct after the introduction of an exotic catfish. In another lake, Enos Lake, southeastern Vancouver Island, an earlier report suggested that its species pair is at risk from elevated levels of hybridization. We conducted a detailed morphological analysis, as well as genetic analysis of variation at five microsatellite loci for samples spanning a time frame of 1977 to 2002 to test the hypothesis that the pair in Enos Lake is collapsing into a hybrid swarm. Our morphological analysis showed a clear breakdown between benthics and limnetics. Bayesian model-based clustering indicated that two morphological clusters were evident in 1977 and 1988, which were replaced by 1997 by a single highly variable cluster. The most recent 2000 and 2002 samples confirm the breakdown. Microsatellite analysis corroborated the morphological results. Bayesian analyses of population structure in a sample collected in 1994 indicated two genetically distinct populations in Enos Lake, but only a single genetic population was evident in 1997, 2000, and 2002. In addition, genetic analyses of samples collected in 1997, 2000, and 2002 showed strong signals of ‘hybrids’; they were genetically intermediate to parental genotypes. Our results support the idea that the Enos Lake species pair is collapsing into a hybrid swarm. Although the precise mechanism(s) responsible for elevated hybridization in the lake is unknown, the demise of the Enos Lake species pair follows the appearance of an exotic crayfish, Pascifasticus lenisculus, in the early 1990s.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2005,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Molecular Ecology"},"translated_abstract":"Historically, six small lakes in southwestern British Columbia each contained a sympatric species pair of three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus). These pairs consisted of a ‘benthic’ and ‘limnetic’ species that had arisen postglacially and, in four of the lakes, independently. Sympatric sticklebacks are considered biological species because they are morphologically, ecologically and genetically distinct and because they are strongly reproductively isolated from one another. The restricted range of the species pairs places them at risk of extinction, and one of the pairs has gone extinct after the introduction of an exotic catfish. In another lake, Enos Lake, southeastern Vancouver Island, an earlier report suggested that its species pair is at risk from elevated levels of hybridization. We conducted a detailed morphological analysis, as well as genetic analysis of variation at five microsatellite loci for samples spanning a time frame of 1977 to 2002 to test the hypothesis that the pair in Enos Lake is collapsing into a hybrid swarm. Our morphological analysis showed a clear breakdown between benthics and limnetics. Bayesian model-based clustering indicated that two morphological clusters were evident in 1977 and 1988, which were replaced by 1997 by a single highly variable cluster. The most recent 2000 and 2002 samples confirm the breakdown. Microsatellite analysis corroborated the morphological results. Bayesian analyses of population structure in a sample collected in 1994 indicated two genetically distinct populations in Enos Lake, but only a single genetic population was evident in 1997, 2000, and 2002. In addition, genetic analyses of samples collected in 1997, 2000, and 2002 showed strong signals of ‘hybrids’; they were genetically intermediate to parental genotypes. Our results support the idea that the Enos Lake species pair is collapsing into a hybrid swarm. Although the precise mechanism(s) responsible for elevated hybridization in the lake is unknown, the demise of the Enos Lake species pair follows the appearance of an exotic crayfish, Pascifasticus lenisculus, in the early 1990s.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/3704910/Speciation_in_reverse_morphological_and_genetic_evidence_of_the_collapse_of_a_three_spined_stickleback_Gasterosteus_aculeatus_species_pair","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:06:15.000-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":4533491,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31695051,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg","file_name":"taylor_et_al_2005.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31695051/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Speciation_in_reverse_morphological_and.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31695051/taylor_et_al_2005-libre.pdf?1391433701=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSpeciation_in_reverse_morphological_and.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340793\u0026Signature=Fk57NGiJsuwtLlDj7u84OmyPsFuumjut346-bsrvVKyDvRBf~WYfdkrKhxuAtBj6Q2f~PLSMQGjZy9Xj0JRjvjwW4-5IC-DRksXYncPvnCXSlh4CAyLvhwGpzwT8FQPmeWJArR6uN0Ipsq5CdnoUeaQTHpXASwkfPqT47LanCuYDPDoTbDzqEvOIO22GTZCog5UwGffVLYWQo0CaWZR3flFYTWUum0nwAk9V3XR7y-utyQL4MZdADQpDSJDkkf9r-0WYHsPngAlfapYkMqaAsRBoCHS4oP28nOuSMtSf2ZdgXxTa3sLSoNCQh59jGzTxzKUqScw4wgZLbwP8XoeMdg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Speciation_in_reverse_morphological_and_genetic_evidence_of_the_collapse_of_a_three_spined_stickleback_Gasterosteus_aculeatus_species_pair","translated_slug":"","page_count":13,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Historically, six small lakes in southwestern British Columbia each contained a sympatric species pair of three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus). These pairs consisted of a ‘benthic’ and ‘limnetic’ species that had arisen postglacially and, in four of the lakes, independently. Sympatric sticklebacks are considered biological species because they are morphologically, ecologically and genetically distinct and because they are strongly reproductively isolated from one another. The restricted range of the species pairs places them at risk of extinction, and one of the pairs has gone extinct after the introduction of an exotic catfish. In another lake, Enos Lake, southeastern Vancouver Island, an earlier report suggested that its species pair is at risk from elevated levels of hybridization. We conducted a detailed morphological analysis, as well as genetic analysis of variation at five microsatellite loci for samples spanning a time frame of 1977 to 2002 to test the hypothesis that the pair in Enos Lake is collapsing into a hybrid swarm. Our morphological analysis showed a clear breakdown between benthics and limnetics. Bayesian model-based clustering indicated that two morphological clusters were evident in 1977 and 1988, which were replaced by 1997 by a single highly variable cluster. The most recent 2000 and 2002 samples confirm the breakdown. Microsatellite analysis corroborated the morphological results. Bayesian analyses of population structure in a sample collected in 1994 indicated two genetically distinct populations in Enos Lake, but only a single genetic population was evident in 1997, 2000, and 2002. In addition, genetic analyses of samples collected in 1997, 2000, and 2002 showed strong signals of ‘hybrids’; they were genetically intermediate to parental genotypes. Our results support the idea that the Enos Lake species pair is collapsing into a hybrid swarm. Although the precise mechanism(s) responsible for elevated hybridization in the lake is unknown, the demise of the Enos Lake species pair follows the appearance of an exotic crayfish, Pascifasticus lenisculus, in the early 1990s.","impression_tracking_id":null,"owner":{"id":4533491,"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gow","page_name":"JenniferGow","domain_name":"ubc","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:05:33.399-07:00","display_name":"Jennifer Gow","url":"https://ubc.academia.edu/JenniferGow"},"attachments":[{"id":31695051,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg","file_name":"taylor_et_al_2005.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31695051/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Speciation_in_reverse_morphological_and.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31695051/taylor_et_al_2005-libre.pdf?1391433701=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSpeciation_in_reverse_morphological_and.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340793\u0026Signature=Fk57NGiJsuwtLlDj7u84OmyPsFuumjut346-bsrvVKyDvRBf~WYfdkrKhxuAtBj6Q2f~PLSMQGjZy9Xj0JRjvjwW4-5IC-DRksXYncPvnCXSlh4CAyLvhwGpzwT8FQPmeWJArR6uN0Ipsq5CdnoUeaQTHpXASwkfPqT47LanCuYDPDoTbDzqEvOIO22GTZCog5UwGffVLYWQo0CaWZR3flFYTWUum0nwAk9V3XR7y-utyQL4MZdADQpDSJDkkf9r-0WYHsPngAlfapYkMqaAsRBoCHS4oP28nOuSMtSf2ZdgXxTa3sLSoNCQh59jGzTxzKUqScw4wgZLbwP8XoeMdg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[{"id":1435129,"url":"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2005.02794.x/abstract"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (true) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-3704910-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="3704914"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/3704914/Widespread_gene_flow_and_high_genetic_variability_in_populations_of_water_voles_Arvicola_terrestris_in_patchy_habitats"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Widespread gene flow and high genetic variability in populations of water voles Arvicola terrestris in patchy habitats" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/3704914/Widespread_gene_flow_and_high_genetic_variability_in_populations_of_water_voles_Arvicola_terrestris_in_patchy_habitats">Widespread gene flow and high genetic variability in populations of water voles Arvicola terrestris in patchy habitats</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Molecular Ecology</span><span>, 2006</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Theory predicts that the impact of gene flow on the genetic structure of populations in patchy ha...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Theory predicts that the impact of gene flow on the genetic structure of populations in patchy habitats depends on its scale and the demographic attributes of demes (e.g. local colony sizes and timing of reproduction), but empirical evidence is scarce. We inferred the impact of gene flow on genetic structure among populations of water voles Arvicola terrestris that differed in average colony sizes, population turnover and degree of patchiness. Colonies typically consisted of few reproducing adults and several juveniles. Twelve polymorphic microsatellite DNA loci were examined. Levels of individual genetic variability in all areas were high (HO= 0.69–0.78). Assignments of juveniles to parents revealed frequent dispersal over long distances. The populations showed negative FIS values among juveniles, FIS values around zero among adults, high FST values among colonies for juveniles, and moderate, often insignificant, FST values for parents. We inferred that excess heterozygosity within colonies reflected the few individuals dispersing from a large area to form discrete breeding colonies. Thus pre-breeding dispersal followed by rapid reproduction results in a seasonal increase in differentiation due to local family groups. Genetic variation was as high in low-density populations in patchy habitats as in populations in continuous habitats used for comparison. In contrast to most theoretical predictions, we found that populations living in patchy habitats can maintain high levels of genetic variability when only a few adults contribute to breeding in each colony, when the variance of reproductive success among colonies is likely to be low, and when dispersal between colonies exceeds nearest-neighbour distances.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="9650a1a3cb3f0d47a4c9c4d8af5483bc" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":31695057,"asset_id":3704914,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31695057/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="3704914"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="3704914"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704914; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704914]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704914]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704914; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='3704914']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "9650a1a3cb3f0d47a4c9c4d8af5483bc" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=3704914]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":3704914,"title":"Widespread gene flow and high genetic variability in populations of water voles Arvicola terrestris in patchy habitats","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Theory predicts that the impact of gene flow on the genetic structure of populations in patchy habitats depends on its scale and the demographic attributes of demes (e.g. local colony sizes and timing of reproduction), but empirical evidence is scarce. We inferred the impact of gene flow on genetic structure among populations of water voles Arvicola terrestris that differed in average colony sizes, population turnover and degree of patchiness. Colonies typically consisted of few reproducing adults and several juveniles. Twelve polymorphic microsatellite DNA loci were examined. Levels of individual genetic variability in all areas were high (HO= 0.69–0.78). Assignments of juveniles to parents revealed frequent dispersal over long distances. The populations showed negative FIS values among juveniles, FIS values around zero among adults, high FST values among colonies for juveniles, and moderate, often insignificant, FST values for parents. We inferred that excess heterozygosity within colonies reflected the few individuals dispersing from a large area to form discrete breeding colonies. Thus pre-breeding dispersal followed by rapid reproduction results in a seasonal increase in differentiation due to local family groups. Genetic variation was as high in low-density populations in patchy habitats as in populations in continuous habitats used for comparison. In contrast to most theoretical predictions, we found that populations living in patchy habitats can maintain high levels of genetic variability when only a few adults contribute to breeding in each colony, when the variance of reproductive success among colonies is likely to be low, and when dispersal between colonies exceeds nearest-neighbour distances.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2006,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Molecular Ecology"},"translated_abstract":"Theory predicts that the impact of gene flow on the genetic structure of populations in patchy habitats depends on its scale and the demographic attributes of demes (e.g. local colony sizes and timing of reproduction), but empirical evidence is scarce. We inferred the impact of gene flow on genetic structure among populations of water voles Arvicola terrestris that differed in average colony sizes, population turnover and degree of patchiness. Colonies typically consisted of few reproducing adults and several juveniles. Twelve polymorphic microsatellite DNA loci were examined. Levels of individual genetic variability in all areas were high (HO= 0.69–0.78). Assignments of juveniles to parents revealed frequent dispersal over long distances. The populations showed negative FIS values among juveniles, FIS values around zero among adults, high FST values among colonies for juveniles, and moderate, often insignificant, FST values for parents. We inferred that excess heterozygosity within colonies reflected the few individuals dispersing from a large area to form discrete breeding colonies. Thus pre-breeding dispersal followed by rapid reproduction results in a seasonal increase in differentiation due to local family groups. Genetic variation was as high in low-density populations in patchy habitats as in populations in continuous habitats used for comparison. In contrast to most theoretical predictions, we found that populations living in patchy habitats can maintain high levels of genetic variability when only a few adults contribute to breeding in each colony, when the variance of reproductive success among colonies is likely to be low, and when dispersal between colonies exceeds nearest-neighbour distances.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/3704914/Widespread_gene_flow_and_high_genetic_variability_in_populations_of_water_voles_Arvicola_terrestris_in_patchy_habitats","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:07:00.759-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":4533491,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31695057,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg","file_name":"Aars_et_al_2006.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31695057/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Widespread_gene_flow_and_high_genetic_va.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31695057/Aars_et_al_2006-libre.pdf?1392426978=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DWidespread_gene_flow_and_high_genetic_va.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340793\u0026Signature=XrkoeDG1YKiBwNvK7xl6hcNeFr0Y~~Bpc-jV57hduToo8x3MYsdw3I4iIQ3QDnBinW4V7NkH-uPpBk9tnY2a1hvnoVYTG35jxFavxuy~L2zbkaYqNRziArBE5ecB020w9lumQlSU8d~5~hQTEEaIA-EbgWWuOzztzIVSEDnEnQ6xn-uVBChcRXlxhmCNQrPZIHLGbnEKiKLzZfVeVfk8PAZaWPbPypLL8BV5uMFKDvB4OHYHgiZBr4cd-K7L4AxvxcXFh61oAIxZXeEJMhvwzCBc~cJkr~A4HZZsSOXPILdYZCZS6qsZpO0OVQvMy~N2nNznUvUlRIUvsaJtSw0mvQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Widespread_gene_flow_and_high_genetic_variability_in_populations_of_water_voles_Arvicola_terrestris_in_patchy_habitats","translated_slug":"","page_count":12,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Theory predicts that the impact of gene flow on the genetic structure of populations in patchy habitats depends on its scale and the demographic attributes of demes (e.g. local colony sizes and timing of reproduction), but empirical evidence is scarce. We inferred the impact of gene flow on genetic structure among populations of water voles Arvicola terrestris that differed in average colony sizes, population turnover and degree of patchiness. Colonies typically consisted of few reproducing adults and several juveniles. Twelve polymorphic microsatellite DNA loci were examined. Levels of individual genetic variability in all areas were high (HO= 0.69–0.78). Assignments of juveniles to parents revealed frequent dispersal over long distances. The populations showed negative FIS values among juveniles, FIS values around zero among adults, high FST values among colonies for juveniles, and moderate, often insignificant, FST values for parents. We inferred that excess heterozygosity within colonies reflected the few individuals dispersing from a large area to form discrete breeding colonies. Thus pre-breeding dispersal followed by rapid reproduction results in a seasonal increase in differentiation due to local family groups. Genetic variation was as high in low-density populations in patchy habitats as in populations in continuous habitats used for comparison. In contrast to most theoretical predictions, we found that populations living in patchy habitats can maintain high levels of genetic variability when only a few adults contribute to breeding in each colony, when the variance of reproductive success among colonies is likely to be low, and when dispersal between colonies exceeds nearest-neighbour distances.","impression_tracking_id":null,"owner":{"id":4533491,"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gow","page_name":"JenniferGow","domain_name":"ubc","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:05:33.399-07:00","display_name":"Jennifer Gow","url":"https://ubc.academia.edu/JenniferGow"},"attachments":[{"id":31695057,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg","file_name":"Aars_et_al_2006.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31695057/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Widespread_gene_flow_and_high_genetic_va.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31695057/Aars_et_al_2006-libre.pdf?1392426978=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DWidespread_gene_flow_and_high_genetic_va.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340793\u0026Signature=XrkoeDG1YKiBwNvK7xl6hcNeFr0Y~~Bpc-jV57hduToo8x3MYsdw3I4iIQ3QDnBinW4V7NkH-uPpBk9tnY2a1hvnoVYTG35jxFavxuy~L2zbkaYqNRziArBE5ecB020w9lumQlSU8d~5~hQTEEaIA-EbgWWuOzztzIVSEDnEnQ6xn-uVBChcRXlxhmCNQrPZIHLGbnEKiKLzZfVeVfk8PAZaWPbPypLL8BV5uMFKDvB4OHYHgiZBr4cd-K7L4AxvxcXFh61oAIxZXeEJMhvwzCBc~cJkr~A4HZZsSOXPILdYZCZS6qsZpO0OVQvMy~N2nNznUvUlRIUvsaJtSw0mvQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[{"id":1435132,"url":"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2006.02889.x/abstract"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-3704914-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="3704918"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/3704918/High_levels_of_selfing_are_revealed_by_a_parent_offspring_analysis_of_the_medically_important_freshwater_snail_Bulinus_forskalii_Gastropoda_Pulmonata_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of High levels of selfing are revealed by a parent-offspring analysis of the medically important freshwater snail, Bulinus forskalii (Gastropoda: Pulmonata)" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/3704918/High_levels_of_selfing_are_revealed_by_a_parent_offspring_analysis_of_the_medically_important_freshwater_snail_Bulinus_forskalii_Gastropoda_Pulmonata_">High levels of selfing are revealed by a parent-offspring analysis of the medically important freshwater snail, Bulinus forskalii (Gastropoda: Pulmonata)</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Molluscan Studies</span><span>, 2005</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The hermaphroditic freshwater snail Bulinus forskalii acts as intermediate host for the trematode...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The hermaphroditic freshwater snail Bulinus forskalii acts as intermediate host for the trematode Schistosoma guineensis, an agent of human intestinal schistosomiasis. Despite the medical importance of this snail, little is known about its mating system, even though this influences the epidemiology of schistosomiasis. Therefore, a parent-offspring analysis was carried out to elucidate its mating system. Eleven highly polymorphic microsatellites generated multilocus genotypes, enabling parentage assignment to all of the 432 offspring reared from 28 pairs of laboratory-bred B. forskalii. Ninety percent of progeny were of uniparental origin, and only six pairs (21% of parents) produced mixed clutches of crossed and selfed progeny. No pair reproduced exclusively by outcrossing. These results provide compelling evidence that B. forskalii has a mixed mating system dominated by uniparental reproduction, in agreement with indirect assessments from studies of population genetic structure and inbreeding effects. This reproductive strategy may be pivotal to the persistence of B. forskalii in its patchy, temporally unstable habitats, as well as helping it to cope with its parasitic burden.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-3704918-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-3704918-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/21734351/figure-1-origin-of-bulinus-forskalii-collected-for-use-in"><img alt="Figure 1. Origin of Bulinus forskalii collected for use in the mating experiment. A. Map. B. Key. The experimental design is summarized in Figure 2. F) virgir snails for use in a cross-mating experiment were obtained fron wild-caught snails; egg masses were separated from parents anc " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/31695061/figure_001.jpg" width="114" height="68" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/21734363/figure-2-summary-of-the-experimental-mating-design-adapted"><img alt="Figure 2. Summary of the experimental mating design (adapted from Njiokou ef al., 1993). Po, Fy, Fo and Fs refer to wild caught snails and first, second and third laboratory generation snails, respectively; N, is the number of sexually mature individuals; .V, is the number of individuals used in pairings; n, is the number of offspring reared to sampling size from breeding pairs; * , highlights Fy backcrosses. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/31695061/figure_002.jpg" width="114" height="68" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/21734373/table-1-number-of-progeny-produced-by-diflerent-reproductive"><img alt="Table I. Number of progeny produced by diflerent reproductive modes (selfing or outcrossing) from experimentally paired Budinus forskali. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/31695061/table_001.jpg" width="114" height="68" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-3704918-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="c73a55fedf06909414cbee362fff6daf" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":31695061,"asset_id":3704918,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31695061/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="3704918"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="3704918"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704918; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704918]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704918]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704918; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='3704918']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "c73a55fedf06909414cbee362fff6daf" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=3704918]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":3704918,"title":"High levels of selfing are revealed by a parent-offspring analysis of the medically important freshwater snail, Bulinus forskalii (Gastropoda: Pulmonata)","translated_title":"","metadata":{"grobid_abstract":"The hermaphroditic freshwater snail Bulinus forskalii acts as intermediate host for the trematode Schistosoma guineensis, an agent of human intestinal schistosomiasis. Despite the medical importance of this snail, little is known about its mating system, even though this influences the epidemiology of schistosomiasis. Therefore, a parent-offspring analysis was carried out to elucidate its mating system. Eleven highly polymorphic microsatellites generated multilocus genotypes, enabling parentage assignment to all of the 432 offspring reared from 28 pairs of laboratory-bred B. forskalii. Ninety percent of progeny were of uniparental origin, and only six pairs (21% of parents) produced mixed clutches of crossed and selfed progeny. No pair reproduced exclusively by outcrossing. These results provide compelling evidence that B. forskalii has a mixed mating system dominated by uniparental reproduction, in agreement with indirect assessments from studies of population genetic structure and inbreeding effects. This reproductive strategy may be pivotal to the persistence of B. forskalii in its patchy, temporally unstable habitats, as well as helping it to cope with its parasitic burden.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2005,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Journal of Molluscan Studies","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":31695061},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/3704918/High_levels_of_selfing_are_revealed_by_a_parent_offspring_analysis_of_the_medically_important_freshwater_snail_Bulinus_forskalii_Gastropoda_Pulmonata_","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:07:27.972-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":4533491,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31695061,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg","file_name":"Gow_et_al_2005.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31695061/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"High_levels_of_selfing_are_revealed_by_a.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31695061/Gow_et_al_2005-libre.pdf?1391436347=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DHigh_levels_of_selfing_are_revealed_by_a.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340793\u0026Signature=GQKckjMlwyb5DqrE6t8syoyAA8xcSwXcTvHz4buqwlK~IJlOb37dumcShp2w0DXOaHk0i4KVuuygX8-WWwiwCa5LY7VbtuLys~~jw3C0zqIDO7o319~gj8crNS0Z5~3hCCPFDiuIBjEw09vqAhJYGgRMwfhmrHTSas3P05SKW9xHU9mspPEpbW4Wglz34IsQ9v-YRnIfuAfVlwAlm7oSYVyNdJJtFdjETam0renc6So2KnRNiukQOJxLZUn1eSKr2SzrvwtN5CT~E2hJWaPAcFtjkRf4aHPGG5IcovM4~0D7n1aLzoAJO1K8Jx03Lz~uT~xwC1d63S62Rl8IgL2VVw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"High_levels_of_selfing_are_revealed_by_a_parent_offspring_analysis_of_the_medically_important_freshwater_snail_Bulinus_forskalii_Gastropoda_Pulmonata_","translated_slug":"","page_count":6,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"The hermaphroditic freshwater snail Bulinus forskalii acts as intermediate host for the trematode Schistosoma guineensis, an agent of human intestinal schistosomiasis. Despite the medical importance of this snail, little is known about its mating system, even though this influences the epidemiology of schistosomiasis. Therefore, a parent-offspring analysis was carried out to elucidate its mating system. Eleven highly polymorphic microsatellites generated multilocus genotypes, enabling parentage assignment to all of the 432 offspring reared from 28 pairs of laboratory-bred B. forskalii. Ninety percent of progeny were of uniparental origin, and only six pairs (21% of parents) produced mixed clutches of crossed and selfed progeny. No pair reproduced exclusively by outcrossing. These results provide compelling evidence that B. forskalii has a mixed mating system dominated by uniparental reproduction, in agreement with indirect assessments from studies of population genetic structure and inbreeding effects. This reproductive strategy may be pivotal to the persistence of B. forskalii in its patchy, temporally unstable habitats, as well as helping it to cope with its parasitic burden.","impression_tracking_id":null,"owner":{"id":4533491,"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gow","page_name":"JenniferGow","domain_name":"ubc","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:05:33.399-07:00","display_name":"Jennifer Gow","url":"https://ubc.academia.edu/JenniferGow"},"attachments":[{"id":31695061,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg","file_name":"Gow_et_al_2005.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31695061/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"High_levels_of_selfing_are_revealed_by_a.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31695061/Gow_et_al_2005-libre.pdf?1391436347=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DHigh_levels_of_selfing_are_revealed_by_a.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340793\u0026Signature=GQKckjMlwyb5DqrE6t8syoyAA8xcSwXcTvHz4buqwlK~IJlOb37dumcShp2w0DXOaHk0i4KVuuygX8-WWwiwCa5LY7VbtuLys~~jw3C0zqIDO7o319~gj8crNS0Z5~3hCCPFDiuIBjEw09vqAhJYGgRMwfhmrHTSas3P05SKW9xHU9mspPEpbW4Wglz34IsQ9v-YRnIfuAfVlwAlm7oSYVyNdJJtFdjETam0renc6So2KnRNiukQOJxLZUn1eSKr2SzrvwtN5CT~E2hJWaPAcFtjkRf4aHPGG5IcovM4~0D7n1aLzoAJO1K8Jx03Lz~uT~xwC1d63S62Rl8IgL2VVw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[{"id":1435134,"url":"http://mollus.oxfordjournals.org/content/71/2/175.full.pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (true) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-3704918-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="3704928"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/3704928/A_high_incidence_of_clustered_microsatellite_mutations_revealed_by_parent_offspring_analysis_in_the_African_freshwater_snail_Bulinus_forskalii_Gastropoda_Pulmonata_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A high incidence of clustered microsatellite mutations revealed by parent-offspring analysis in the African freshwater snail, Bulinus forskalii (Gastropoda, Pulmonata)" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/3704928/A_high_incidence_of_clustered_microsatellite_mutations_revealed_by_parent_offspring_analysis_in_the_African_freshwater_snail_Bulinus_forskalii_Gastropoda_Pulmonata_">A high incidence of clustered microsatellite mutations revealed by parent-offspring analysis in the African freshwater snail, Bulinus forskalii (Gastropoda, Pulmonata)</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Genetica</span><span>, 2005</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Genotyping of 11 microsatellites in 432 offspring from 28 families of the hermaphroditic, freshwa...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Genotyping of 11 microsatellites in 432 offspring from 28 families of the hermaphroditic, freshwater snail Bulinus forskalii detected 10 de novo mutant alleles. This gave an estimated mutation rate of 1.1 × 10−3 per locus per gamete per generation. There was a trend towards repeat length expansion and, unlike most studies, multi-step mutations predominated, suggesting that the microsatellite mutation process does not conform to a strict stepwise mutation model. Interestingly, the ten mutant alleles appear to have arisen from only six independent germline mutation events within the microsatellite array, with seven of them residing in three mutational clusters. Our results extend observations of clustered microsatellite mutations to another taxonomic group and type of mating system, self-fertile gastropods, and provide compelling evidence of premeiotic germline mutations, a phenomenon that could greatly impact upon our understanding of mutation dynamics but which has received little attention.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="e832558d76b679ee63e0b40a36e822b3" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":31695064,"asset_id":3704928,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31695064/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="3704928"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="3704928"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704928; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704928]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704928]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704928; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='3704928']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "e832558d76b679ee63e0b40a36e822b3" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=3704928]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":3704928,"title":"A high incidence of clustered microsatellite mutations revealed by parent-offspring analysis in the African freshwater snail, Bulinus forskalii (Gastropoda, Pulmonata)","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Genotyping of 11 microsatellites in 432 offspring from 28 families of the hermaphroditic, freshwater snail Bulinus forskalii detected 10 de novo mutant alleles. 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Interestingly, the ten mutant alleles appear to have arisen from only six independent germline mutation events within the microsatellite array, with seven of them residing in three mutational clusters. 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Levels of genetic variation at 11 microsatellite loci were assessed for 600 individuals sampled from 19 populations that span three ecological and climatic zones (ecozones) in Cameroon, West Africa. Significant heterozygote deficiencies and linkage disequilibria indicated very high selfing rates in these populations. Despite this and the large genetic differentiation detected between populations, high levels of genetic variation were harboured within these populations. The high level of gene flow inferred from assignment tests may be responsible for this pattern. Indeed, metapopulation dynamics, including high levels of gene flow as well as extinction/contraction and recolonization events, are invoked to account for the observed population structuring, which was not a consequence of isolation-by-distance. Because B. forskalii populations inhabiting the northern, Sahelian area are subject to more pronounced annual cycles of drought and flood than the southern equatorial ones, they were expected to be subject to population bottlenecks of increased frequency and severity and, therefore, show reduced genetic variability and elevated population differentiation. Contrary to predictions, the populations inhabiting the most northerly ecozone exhibited higher genetic diversity and lower genetic differentiation than those in the most southerly one, suggesting that elevated gene flow in this region is counteracting genetic drift.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="e22bc4c11e0acfd3b1ab2275f87b827f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":31695074,"asset_id":3704908,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31695074/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="3704908"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="3704908"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704908; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704908]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704908]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704908; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='3704908']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "e22bc4c11e0acfd3b1ab2275f87b827f" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=3704908]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":3704908,"title":"Breeding system and demography shape population genetic structure across ecological and climatic zones in the African freshwater snail, Bulinus forskalii (Gastropoda, Pulmonata), intermediate host for schistosomes","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The role of breeding system and population bottlenecks in shaping the distribution of neutral genetic variation among populations inhabiting patchily distributed, ephemeral water bodies was examined for the hermaphroditic freshwater snail Bulinus forskalii, intermediate host for the medically important trematode Schistosoma guineensis. Levels of genetic variation at 11 microsatellite loci were assessed for 600 individuals sampled from 19 populations that span three ecological and climatic zones (ecozones) in Cameroon, West Africa. Significant heterozygote deficiencies and linkage disequilibria indicated very high selfing rates in these populations. Despite this and the large genetic differentiation detected between populations, high levels of genetic variation were harboured within these populations. The high level of gene flow inferred from assignment tests may be responsible for this pattern. Indeed, metapopulation dynamics, including high levels of gene flow as well as extinction/contraction and recolonization events, are invoked to account for the observed population structuring, which was not a consequence of isolation-by-distance. Because B. forskalii populations inhabiting the northern, Sahelian area are subject to more pronounced annual cycles of drought and flood than the southern equatorial ones, they were expected to be subject to population bottlenecks of increased frequency and severity and, therefore, show reduced genetic variability and elevated population differentiation. 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Significant heterozygote deficiencies and linkage disequilibria indicated very high selfing rates in these populations. Despite this and the large genetic differentiation detected between populations, high levels of genetic variation were harboured within these populations. The high level of gene flow inferred from assignment tests may be responsible for this pattern. Indeed, metapopulation dynamics, including high levels of gene flow as well as extinction/contraction and recolonization events, are invoked to account for the observed population structuring, which was not a consequence of isolation-by-distance. Because B. forskalii populations inhabiting the northern, Sahelian area are subject to more pronounced annual cycles of drought and flood than the southern equatorial ones, they were expected to be subject to population bottlenecks of increased frequency and severity and, therefore, show reduced genetic variability and elevated population differentiation. Contrary to predictions, the populations inhabiting the most northerly ecozone exhibited higher genetic diversity and lower genetic differentiation than those in the most southerly one, suggesting that elevated gene flow in this region is counteracting genetic drift.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/3704908/Breeding_system_and_demography_shape_population_genetic_structure_across_ecological_and_climatic_zones_in_the_African_freshwater_snail_Bulinus_forskalii_Gastropoda_Pulmonata_intermediate_host_for_schistosomes","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:06:07.902-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":4533491,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31695074,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg","file_name":"Gow_et_al_2004.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31695074/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Breeding_system_and_demography_shape_pop.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31695074/Gow_et_al_2004-libre.pdf?1391445423=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DBreeding_system_and_demography_shape_pop.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340793\u0026Signature=diBZueaVjAVIFBXSQ~GLdupdM2aBOYUGP9lfe4KGOVS5ZgmY2eAf-jXYckDLVKtaRZhKsOuhIGVRGNIvUahSHrf4CemqCvq6yH3fTGi7Kr-TKXwl~vFPcoovclvgzQDbB7TE23mM8BUTzVSRUoviKhUJlJeeHR4Nrvs8UOFoIbU3zsZZCT8DV2A~TLYxrFSSLlquaaCqw146zy5ba3En28uDXtyteAaByDSZJZlfK~GN0R~50aoaNgCTgbswnjlUWVvxfyaZxiDOnxPTvLTgDKnDkk5PxH1~JCSBYm0sAdR7bznhRd7yBOfmdpvN5Y4KGI13-o2~LkJzicGdYuiPjA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Breeding_system_and_demography_shape_population_genetic_structure_across_ecological_and_climatic_zones_in_the_African_freshwater_snail_Bulinus_forskalii_Gastropoda_Pulmonata_intermediate_host_for_schistosomes","translated_slug":"","page_count":13,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"The role of breeding system and population bottlenecks in shaping the distribution of neutral genetic variation among populations inhabiting patchily distributed, ephemeral water bodies was examined for the hermaphroditic freshwater snail Bulinus forskalii, intermediate host for the medically important trematode Schistosoma guineensis. Levels of genetic variation at 11 microsatellite loci were assessed for 600 individuals sampled from 19 populations that span three ecological and climatic zones (ecozones) in Cameroon, West Africa. Significant heterozygote deficiencies and linkage disequilibria indicated very high selfing rates in these populations. Despite this and the large genetic differentiation detected between populations, high levels of genetic variation were harboured within these populations. The high level of gene flow inferred from assignment tests may be responsible for this pattern. Indeed, metapopulation dynamics, including high levels of gene flow as well as extinction/contraction and recolonization events, are invoked to account for the observed population structuring, which was not a consequence of isolation-by-distance. Because B. forskalii populations inhabiting the northern, Sahelian area are subject to more pronounced annual cycles of drought and flood than the southern equatorial ones, they were expected to be subject to population bottlenecks of increased frequency and severity and, therefore, show reduced genetic variability and elevated population differentiation. Contrary to predictions, the populations inhabiting the most northerly ecozone exhibited higher genetic diversity and lower genetic differentiation than those in the most southerly one, suggesting that elevated gene flow in this region is counteracting genetic drift.","impression_tracking_id":null,"owner":{"id":4533491,"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gow","page_name":"JenniferGow","domain_name":"ubc","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:05:33.399-07:00","display_name":"Jennifer Gow","url":"https://ubc.academia.edu/JenniferGow"},"attachments":[{"id":31695074,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg","file_name":"Gow_et_al_2004.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31695074/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Breeding_system_and_demography_shape_pop.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31695074/Gow_et_al_2004-libre.pdf?1391445423=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DBreeding_system_and_demography_shape_pop.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340793\u0026Signature=diBZueaVjAVIFBXSQ~GLdupdM2aBOYUGP9lfe4KGOVS5ZgmY2eAf-jXYckDLVKtaRZhKsOuhIGVRGNIvUahSHrf4CemqCvq6yH3fTGi7Kr-TKXwl~vFPcoovclvgzQDbB7TE23mM8BUTzVSRUoviKhUJlJeeHR4Nrvs8UOFoIbU3zsZZCT8DV2A~TLYxrFSSLlquaaCqw146zy5ba3En28uDXtyteAaByDSZJZlfK~GN0R~50aoaNgCTgbswnjlUWVvxfyaZxiDOnxPTvLTgDKnDkk5PxH1~JCSBYm0sAdR7bznhRd7yBOfmdpvN5Y4KGI13-o2~LkJzicGdYuiPjA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[{"id":1435137,"url":"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2004.02339.x/abstract"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-3704908-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="3704915"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/3704915/Parentage_assignment_detects_frequent_and_large_scale_dispersal_in_water_voles"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Parentage assignment detects frequent and large-scale dispersal in water voles" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/3704915/Parentage_assignment_detects_frequent_and_large_scale_dispersal_in_water_voles">Parentage assignment detects frequent and large-scale dispersal in water voles</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Molecular Ecology</span><span>, 2003</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Estimating the rate and scale of dispersal is essential for predicting the dynamics of fragmented...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Estimating the rate and scale of dispersal is essential for predicting the dynamics of fragmented populations, yet empirical estimates are typically imprecise and often negatively biased. We maximized detection of dispersal events between small, subdivided populations of water voles (Arvicola terrestris) using a novel method that combined direct capture–mark–recapture with microsatellite genotyping to identify parents and offspring in different populations and hence infer dispersal. We validated the method using individuals known from trapping data to have dispersed between populations. Local populations were linked by high rates of juvenile dispersal but much lower levels of adult dispersal. In the spring breeding population, 19% of females and 33% of males had left their natal population of the previous year. The average interpopulation dispersal distance was 1.8 km (range 0.3–5.2 km). Overall, patterns of dispersal fitted a negative exponential function. Information from genotyping increased the estimated rate and scale of dispersal by three- and twofold, respectively, and hence represents a powerful tool to provide more realistic estimates of dispersal parameters.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="22ecfdc824c8ec556a69cf6f7bd6ea09" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":31695077,"asset_id":3704915,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31695077/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="3704915"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="3704915"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704915; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704915]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3704915]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3704915; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='3704915']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "22ecfdc824c8ec556a69cf6f7bd6ea09" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=3704915]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":3704915,"title":"Parentage assignment detects frequent and large-scale dispersal in water voles","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Estimating the rate and scale of dispersal is essential for predicting the dynamics of fragmented populations, yet empirical estimates are typically imprecise and often negatively biased. We maximized detection of dispersal events between small, subdivided populations of water voles (Arvicola terrestris) using a novel method that combined direct capture–mark–recapture with microsatellite genotyping to identify parents and offspring in different populations and hence infer dispersal. We validated the method using individuals known from trapping data to have dispersed between populations. Local populations were linked by high rates of juvenile dispersal but much lower levels of adult dispersal. In the spring breeding population, 19% of females and 33% of males had left their natal population of the previous year. The average interpopulation dispersal distance was 1.8 km (range 0.3–5.2 km). Overall, patterns of dispersal fitted a negative exponential function. Information from genotyping increased the estimated rate and scale of dispersal by three- and twofold, respectively, and hence represents a powerful tool to provide more realistic estimates of dispersal parameters.","ai_title_tag":"Water Vole Dispersal Patterns Revealed by Parentage","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2003,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Molecular Ecology"},"translated_abstract":"Estimating the rate and scale of dispersal is essential for predicting the dynamics of fragmented populations, yet empirical estimates are typically imprecise and often negatively biased. We maximized detection of dispersal events between small, subdivided populations of water voles (Arvicola terrestris) using a novel method that combined direct capture–mark–recapture with microsatellite genotyping to identify parents and offspring in different populations and hence infer dispersal. We validated the method using individuals known from trapping data to have dispersed between populations. Local populations were linked by high rates of juvenile dispersal but much lower levels of adult dispersal. In the spring breeding population, 19% of females and 33% of males had left their natal population of the previous year. The average interpopulation dispersal distance was 1.8 km (range 0.3–5.2 km). Overall, patterns of dispersal fitted a negative exponential function. Information from genotyping increased the estimated rate and scale of dispersal by three- and twofold, respectively, and hence represents a powerful tool to provide more realistic estimates of dispersal parameters.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/3704915/Parentage_assignment_detects_frequent_and_large_scale_dispersal_in_water_voles","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:07:06.229-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":4533491,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31695077,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg","file_name":"telfer_et_al_2003.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31695077/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Parentage_assignment_detects_frequent_an.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31695077/telfer_et_al_2003-libre.pdf?1392427378=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DParentage_assignment_detects_frequent_an.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340793\u0026Signature=JRM4JSfWn2zWCb-spOhHmkPs9kY4ccuK7vNE0s4ocwYKbSH3gMTb6Mube7mfwHXaHXuw53NI9iMtEkEpVOnFdUtUP~zwibnWW7D-JcdwfXA8TVtGV2x7sZvmmVEoyl0WcTaqtrYriXaLt0oWU8nr7-aQCmQXhtIz39rIO56JiQ66Dvskzh0Tz6c~c-zSfUqFqXc46z7ONUwb6Ek8U0~JzyyLechvo~djUP9J6RRu59sbmzPhCl5rRw4JBMxUxTEQxVrRuNUYJAYdUenS9sGtZUFAuRib7pUTusshnGvAw8M9ithX~nWCnR4OxdMRLx2zFg237V4vbrRnI-COQ8eVTw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Parentage_assignment_detects_frequent_and_large_scale_dispersal_in_water_voles","translated_slug":"","page_count":11,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Estimating the rate and scale of dispersal is essential for predicting the dynamics of fragmented populations, yet empirical estimates are typically imprecise and often negatively biased. We maximized detection of dispersal events between small, subdivided populations of water voles (Arvicola terrestris) using a novel method that combined direct capture–mark–recapture with microsatellite genotyping to identify parents and offspring in different populations and hence infer dispersal. We validated the method using individuals known from trapping data to have dispersed between populations. Local populations were linked by high rates of juvenile dispersal but much lower levels of adult dispersal. In the spring breeding population, 19% of females and 33% of males had left their natal population of the previous year. The average interpopulation dispersal distance was 1.8 km (range 0.3–5.2 km). Overall, patterns of dispersal fitted a negative exponential function. Information from genotyping increased the estimated rate and scale of dispersal by three- and twofold, respectively, and hence represents a powerful tool to provide more realistic estimates of dispersal parameters.","impression_tracking_id":null,"owner":{"id":4533491,"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gow","page_name":"JenniferGow","domain_name":"ubc","created_at":"2013-06-13T14:05:33.399-07:00","display_name":"Jennifer Gow","url":"https://ubc.academia.edu/JenniferGow"},"attachments":[{"id":31695077,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg","file_name":"telfer_et_al_2003.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31695077/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Parentage_assignment_detects_frequent_an.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/31695077/telfer_et_al_2003-libre.pdf?1392427378=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DParentage_assignment_detects_frequent_an.pdf\u0026Expires=1744340793\u0026Signature=JRM4JSfWn2zWCb-spOhHmkPs9kY4ccuK7vNE0s4ocwYKbSH3gMTb6Mube7mfwHXaHXuw53NI9iMtEkEpVOnFdUtUP~zwibnWW7D-JcdwfXA8TVtGV2x7sZvmmVEoyl0WcTaqtrYriXaLt0oWU8nr7-aQCmQXhtIz39rIO56JiQ66Dvskzh0Tz6c~c-zSfUqFqXc46z7ONUwb6Ek8U0~JzyyLechvo~djUP9J6RRu59sbmzPhCl5rRw4JBMxUxTEQxVrRuNUYJAYdUenS9sGtZUFAuRib7pUTusshnGvAw8M9ithX~nWCnR4OxdMRLx2zFg237V4vbrRnI-COQ8eVTw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[{"id":1435138,"url":"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1046/j.1365-294X.2003.01859.x/abstract"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-3704915-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="3704913"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/3704913/Polymorphic_microsatellites_in_the_African_freshwater_snail_Bulinus_forskalii_Gastropoda_Pulmonata_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Polymorphic microsatellites in the African freshwater snail, Bulinus forskalii (Gastropoda, Pulmonata)" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/3704913/Polymorphic_microsatellites_in_the_African_freshwater_snail_Bulinus_forskalii_Gastropoda_Pulmonata_">Polymorphic microsatellites in the African freshwater snail, Bulinus forskalii (Gastropoda, Pulmonata)</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Molecular Ecology Notes</span><span>, 2001</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Eleven microsatellites were isolated in the freshwater snail Bulinus forskalii, intermediate host...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Eleven microsatellites were isolated in the freshwater snail Bulinus forskalii, intermediate host for the medically important trematode Schistosoma intercalatum. Characterization in 60 snails from three populations of B. forskalii from Cameroon revealed 4 to 18 alleles per locus. Low observed heterozygosity but higher expected heterozygosity, high FIS estimates, significant departures from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium and genotypic linkage disequilibria all indicate that B. forskalii is a preferential selfer. High FST estimates suggest that effective dispersal is limited and genetic drift is an important determinant of genetic structure. The potential utility of the microsatellite primers in other closely related Bulinus species was explored.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-3704913-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-3704913-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/38489083/table-1-fluorescent-dye-labelled-primer-ird-or-ird-tn-within"><img alt="*Fluorescent dye-labelled primer (IRD800 or IRD700). tn within motif sequence refers to a string of nucleotides unrelated to the repeated motif. Table 1 Characteristics of 11 microsatellite loci in 60 Bulinus forskalii from Cameroon. The repeat motif, primer sequence, optimal (touchdown) annealing temperature (T, in °C), MgCl, concentration [MgCl, (mm) ] and GenBank Accession number are given for each locus. Additionally, the allele size range (in base pairs), number of alleles (NV) and mean observed and expected heterozygosity across populations (Hp and Hg) are presented " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/31695131/table_001.jpg" width="114" height="68" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/38489089/table-2-single-pcr-product-polymorphic-multiple-bands-no"><img alt="+, single PCR product; P, polymorphic; — multiple bands, no product or very faint product in $2 samples. 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