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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">     <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en" xmlns:og="http://ogp.me/ns#" xmlns:fb="http://ogp.me/ns/fb#"> <head> <title>The gas-phase formation mechanism of iodic acid as an atmospheric aerosol source - CERN Document Server</title> <link href='https://framework.web.cern.ch/framework/2.0/fonts/PTSansWeb/PTSansWeb.css' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css' /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cds.cern.ch/img/invenio.css?v=20141127" type="text/css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cds.cern.ch/img/cern_theme/css/cern_theme.css?v=20141127" type="text/css" /> <link rel="stylesheet"href="/css/font-awesome.min.css"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cds.cern.ch/img/cern_toolbar/css/toolbar.css" type="text/css" />    <link rel="canonical" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2852840" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="el" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2852840?ln=el" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="fr" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2852840?ln=fr" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="bg" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2852840?ln=bg" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-TW" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2852840?ln=zh_TW" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="pt" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2852840?ln=pt" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="no" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2852840?ln=no" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="hr" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2852840?ln=hr" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="ca" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2852840?ln=ca" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="de" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2852840?ln=de" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="it" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2852840?ln=it" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-CN" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2852840?ln=zh_CN" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="sv" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2852840?ln=sv" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="sk" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2852840?ln=sk" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="en" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2852840?ln=en" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="pl" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2852840?ln=pl" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="ru" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2852840?ln=ru" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="ka" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2852840?ln=ka" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="ja" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2852840?ln=ja" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="es" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2852840?ln=es" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="CERN Document Server RSS" href="/rss?ln=en" /> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="https://cds.cern.ch/opensearchdescription" title="CERN Document Server" /> <link rel="unapi-server" type="application/xml" title="unAPI" href="https://cds.cern.ch/unapi" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/apple-touch-icon.png"/> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" href="/apple-touch-icon-precomposed.png"/> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en" /> <meta name="description" content="AbstractIodine is a reactive trace element in atmospheric chemistry that destroys ozone and nucleates particles. Iodine emissions have tripled since 1950 and are projected to keep increasing with rising O3 surface concentrations. Although iodic acid (HIO3) is widespread and forms particles more efficiently than sulfuric acid, its gas-phase formation mechanism remains unresolved. Here, in CLOUD atmospheric simulation chamber experiments that generate iodine radicals at atmospherically relevant rates, we show that iodooxy hypoiodite, IOIO, is efficiently converted into HIO3 via reactions (R1) IOIO + O3 → IOIO4 and (R2) IOIO4 + H2O → HIO3 + HOI + (1)O2. The laboratory-derived reaction rate coefficients are corroborated by theory and shown to explain field observations of daytime HIO3 in the remote lower free troposphere. The mechanism provides a missing link between iodine sources and particle formation. Because particulate iodate is readily reduced, recycling iodine back into the gas phase, our results suggest a catalytic role of iodine in aerosol formation. Finkenzeller, Henning; Iyer, Siddharth; He, Xu-Cheng; Simon, Mario; Koenig, Theodore K; Lee, Christopher F; Valiev, Rashid; Hofbauer, Victoria; Amorim, Antonio; Baalbaki, Rima; Baccarini, Andrea; Beck, Lisa; Bell, David M; Caudillo, Lucía; Chen, Dexian; Chiu, Randall; Chu, Biwu; Dada, Lubna; Duplissy, Jonathan; Heinritzi, Martin; Kemppainen, Deniz; Kim, Changhyuk; Krechmer, Jordan; Kürten, Andreas; Kvashnin, Alexandr; Lamkaddam, Houssni; Lee, Chuan Ping; Lehtipalo, Katrianne; Li, Zijun; Makhmutov, Vladimir; Manninen, Hanna E; Marie, Guillaume; Marten, Ruby; Mauldin, Roy L; Mentler, Bernhard; Müller, Tatjana; Petäjä, Tuukka; Philippov, Maxim; Ranjithkumar, Ananth; Rörup, Birte; Shen, Jiali; Stolzenburg, Dominik; Tauber, Christian; Tham, Yee Jun; Tomé, António; Vazquez-Pufleau, Miguel; Wagner, Andrea C; Wang, Dongyu S; Wang, Mingyi; Wang, Yonghong; Weber, Stefan K; Nie, Wei; Wu, Yusheng; Xiao, Mao; Ye, Qing; Zauner-Wieczorek, Marcel; Hansel, Armin; Baltensperger, Urs; Brioude, Jérome; Curtius, Joachim; Donahue, Neil M; Haddad, Imad El; Flagan, Richard C; Kulmala, Markku; Kirkby, Jasper; Sipilä, Mikko; Worsnop, Douglas R; Kurten, Theo; Rissanen, Matti; Volkamer, Rainer" /> <meta name="keywords" content="CERN Document Server, WebSearch, CERN Document Server" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cds.cern.ch/js/jquery.min.js"></script>  <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cds.cern.ch/img/webnews.css" type="text/css" />  <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cds.cern.ch/js/webnews.js?v=20131009"></script> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="137353533001720"/> <script type="text/x-mathjax-config"> MathJax.Hub.Config({ tex2jax: {inlineMath: [['$','$']], processEscapes: true}, showProcessingMessages: false, messageStyle: "none" }); </script> <script src="/MathJax/MathJax.js?config=TeX-AMS_CHTML" type="text/javascript"> </script>  <meta content="submitter : The gas-phase formation mechanism of iodic acid as an atmospheric aerosol source" 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content="submitter" property="og:description" /> <meta content="AbstractIodine is a reactive trace element in atmospheric chemistry that destroys ozone and nucleates particles. Iodine emissions have tripled since 1950 and are projected to keep increasing with rising O3 surface concentrations. Although iodic acid (HIO3) is widespread and forms particles more efficiently than sulfuric acid, its gas-phase formation mechanism remains unresolved. Here, in CLOUD atmospheric simulation chamber experiments that generate iodine radicals at atmospherically relevant rates, we show that iodooxy hypoiodite, IOIO, is efficiently converted into HIO3 via reactions (R1) IOIO + O3 → IOIO4 and (R2) IOIO4 + H2O → HIO3 + HOI + (1)O2. The laboratory-derived reaction rate coefficients are corroborated by theory and shown to explain field observations of daytime HIO3 in the remote lower free troposphere. The mechanism provides a missing link between iodine sources and particle formation. Because particulate iodate is readily reduced, recycling iodine back into the gas phase, our results suggest a catalytic role of iodine in aerosol formation." property="og:description" />  <meta content="summary" name="twitter:card" /> <style></style> </head> <body class="CERN32Document32Server search" lang="en">  <div id="cern-toolbar"> <h1><a href="http://cern.ch" title="CERN">CERN <span>Accelerating science</span></a></h1> <ul> <li class="cern-accountlinks"><a class="cern-account" href="https://cds.cern.ch/youraccount/login?ln=en&referer=https%3A//cds.cern.ch/record/2852840" title="Sign in to your CERN account">Sign in</a></li> <li><a class="cern-directory" href="http://cern.ch/directory" title="Search CERN resources and browse the directory">Directory</a></li> </ul> </div>   <div role="banner" class="clearfix" id="header"> <div class="header-inner inner"> <hgroup class="clearfix"> <h2 id="site-name"> <a rel="home" title="Home" href="/"><span>CERN Document Server</span></a> </h2> <h3 id="site-slogan">Access articles, reports and multimedia content in HEP</h3> </hgroup> <div role="navigation" id="main-navigation" class="cdsmenu"> <h2 class="element-invisible">Main menu</h2><ul class="links inline clearfix"> <li class="menu-386 first active-trail"><a class="active-trail" href="https://cds.cern.ch/?ln=en">Search</a></li> <li class="menu-444 "><a class="" title="" href="https://cds.cern.ch/submit?ln=en">Submit</a></li> <li class="menu-426 "><a class="" href="https://cds.cern.ch/help/?ln=en">Help</a></li> <li class="leaf hassubcdsmenu"> <a hreflang="en" class="header" href="https://cds.cern.ch/youraccount/display?ln=en">Personalize</a> <ul class="subsubcdsmenu"><li><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/youralerts/list?ln=en">Your alerts</a></li><li><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/yourbaskets/display?ln=en">Your baskets</a></li><li><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/yourcomments?ln=en">Your comments</a></li><li><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/youralerts/display?ln=en">Your searches</a></li></ul></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div>  <table class="navtrailbox"> <tr> <td class="navtrailboxbody"> <a href="/?ln=en" class="navtrail">Home</a> > The gas-phase formation mechanism of iodic acid as an atmospheric aerosol source </td> </tr> </table> </div> <div class="pagebody"><div class="pagebodystripemiddle"> <div class="detailedrecordbox"> <div class="detailedrecordtabs"> <div> <ul class="detailedrecordtabs"><li class="on first"><a href="/record/2852840/?ln=en">Information </a></li><li class=""><a href="/record/2852840/files?ln=en">Files </a></li></ul> <div id="tabsSpacer" style="clear:both;height:0px"> </div></div> </div> <div class="detailedrecordboxcontent"> <div class="top-left-folded"></div> <div class="top-right-folded"></div> <div class="inside">  <abbr class="unapi-id" title="2852840"></abbr> <style type="text/css">  </style> <table class="formatRecordTableFullWidth" > <tr> <td class="formatRecordHeader" style="background-image: url('https://cds.cern.ch/img/journals.jpg');" colspan="2">  Article </td> </tr> <script type="text/javascript"> $( document ).ready(function() { $('.showAuthor').on('click', function() { var author = '<p>' + $(this).data('name') + '</p>'; var affiliation = $(this).data('affiliation') + '</br>'; var contribution = $(this).data('contribution') + '</br>'; $.magnificPopup.open({ items: { src: '<div id="ovelary-mathjax" class="overlay-white oc-content overlay-white-500">' + author + affiliation + contribution + '</div>', type: 'inline' }, callbacks: { open: function() { var div = document.getElementById("overlay-mathjax") MathJax.Hub.Queue(["Typeset", MathJax.Hub, div]); }, } }) }) }); </script> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Title </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"><b>The gas-phase formation mechanism of iodic acid as an atmospheric aerosol source</b></td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> Author(s) </span> </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"> <script type="text/javascript"> function toggle_authors_visibility(){ var more = document.getElementById('more'); var link = document.getElementById('link'); var extension = document.getElementById('extension'); if (more.style.display=='none'){ more.style.display = ''; extension.style.display = 'none'; link.innerHTML = "Hide" } else { more.style.display = 'none'; extension.style.display = ''; link.innerHTML = "Show all 70 authors" } link.style.color = "rgb(204,0,0);" } function set_up(){ var extension = document.getElementById('extension'); extension.innerHTML = ""; toggle_authors_visibility(); } </script> <a name="show_hide" /><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Finkenzeller%2C%20Henning&ln=en">Finkenzeller, Henning</a> (Colorado U. ; Colorado U., CIRES) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Iyer%2C%20Siddharth&ln=en">Iyer, Siddharth</a> (Tampere U. of Tech.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=He%2C%20Xu-Cheng&ln=en">He, Xu-Cheng</a> (Helsinki U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Simon%2C%20Mario&ln=en">Simon, Mario</a> (Goethe U., Frankfurt (main)) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Koenig%2C%20Theodore%20K&ln=en">Koenig, Theodore K</a> (Colorado U. ; Colorado U., CIRES ; Peking U., Beijing) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Lee%2C%20Christopher%20F&ln=en">Lee, Christopher F</a> (Colorado U. ; Colorado U., CIRES) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Valiev%2C%20Rashid&ln=en">Valiev, Rashid</a> (Helsinki U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Hofbauer%2C%20Victoria&ln=en">Hofbauer, Victoria</a> (Carnegie Mellon U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Amorim%2C%20Antonio&ln=en">Amorim, Antonio</a> (Lisbon U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Baalbaki%2C%20Rima&ln=en">Baalbaki, Rima</a> (Helsinki U.)<span id="more" style=""> ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Baccarini%2C%20Andrea&ln=en">Baccarini, Andrea</a> (PSI, Villigen ; LPHE, Lausanne) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Beck%2C%20Lisa&ln=en">Beck, Lisa</a> (Helsinki U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Bell%2C%20David%20M&ln=en">Bell, David M</a> (PSI, Villigen) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Caudillo%2C%20Luc%C3%ADa&ln=en">Caudillo, Lucía</a> (Goethe U., Frankfurt (main)) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Chen%2C%20Dexian&ln=en">Chen, Dexian</a> (Carnegie Mellon U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Chiu%2C%20Randall&ln=en">Chiu, Randall</a> (Colorado U. ; Colorado U., CIRES) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Chu%2C%20Biwu&ln=en">Chu, Biwu</a> (Helsinki U. ; Beijing, Inst. High Energy Phys.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Dada%2C%20Lubna&ln=en">Dada, Lubna</a> (Helsinki U. ; PSI, Villigen) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Duplissy%2C%20Jonathan&ln=en">Duplissy, Jonathan</a> (Helsinki U. ; Helsinki Inst. of Phys.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Heinritzi%2C%20Martin&ln=en">Heinritzi, Martin</a> (Goethe U., Frankfurt (main)) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Kemppainen%2C%20Deniz&ln=en">Kemppainen, Deniz</a> (Helsinki U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Kim%2C%20Changhyuk&ln=en">Kim, Changhyuk</a> (Pusan Natl. 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(main) ; CICQM, Beijing) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Kirkby%2C%20Jasper&ln=en">Kirkby, Jasper</a> (Goethe U., Frankfurt (main) ; CERN) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Sipil%C3%A4%2C%20Mikko&ln=en">Sipilä, Mikko</a> (Helsinki U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Worsnop%2C%20Douglas%20R&ln=en">Worsnop, Douglas R</a> (Helsinki U. ; New England Nucl.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Kurten%2C%20Theo&ln=en">Kurten, Theo</a> (Helsinki U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Rissanen%2C%20Matti&ln=en">Rissanen, Matti</a> (Tampere U. of Tech.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Volkamer%2C%20Rainer&ln=en">Volkamer, Rainer</a> (Colorado U. ; Colorado U., CIRES)</span> <span id="extension"></span> <small><i><a id="link" href="#" onclick="toggle_authors_visibility()" style="color:rgb(204,0,0);"></a></i></small><script type="text/javascript">set_up()</script></td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Publication </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">2022</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Number of pages </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">7</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> In: </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41557-022-01067-z"><i>Nature Chem.</i> 15 (2022) 129-135</a> </a></td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> DOI </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41557-022-01067-z" title="DOI" target="_blank">10.1038/s41557-022-01067-z</a> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Subject category </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">Chemical Physics and Chemistry</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Abstract </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">AbstractIodine is a reactive trace element in atmospheric chemistry that destroys ozone and nucleates particles. Iodine emissions have tripled since 1950 and are projected to keep increasing with rising O3 surface concentrations. Although iodic acid (HIO3) is widespread and forms particles more efficiently than sulfuric acid, its gas-phase formation mechanism remains unresolved. Here, in CLOUD atmospheric simulation chamber experiments that generate iodine radicals at atmospherically relevant rates, we show that iodooxy hypoiodite, IOIO, is efficiently converted into HIO3 via reactions (R1) IOIO + O3 → IOIO4 and (R2) IOIO4 + H2O → HIO3 + HOI + (1)O2. The laboratory-derived reaction rate coefficients are corroborated by theory and shown to explain field observations of daytime HIO3 in the remote lower free troposphere. The mechanism provides a missing link between iodine sources and particle formation. Because particulate iodate is readily reduced, recycling iodine back into the gas phase, our results suggest a catalytic role of iodine in aerosol formation.</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Copyright/License </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">© 2022-2025 The Author(s) (License: <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">CC-BY-4.0</a>)</td></tr> </table> <br/>Corresponding record in: <a href="http://inspirehep.net/record/2639828">Inspire</a> <small> </small> <br/> <br/><br/><div align="right"><div style="padding-bottom:2px;padding-top:30px;"><span class="moreinfo" style="margin-right:10px;"> <a href="" class="moreinfo">Back to search</a> </span></div></div> <div class="bottom-left-folded"><div class="recordlastmodifiedbox" style="position:relative;margin-left:1px"> Record created 2023-03-18, last modified 2024-01-12</div></div> <div class="bottom-right-folded" style="text-align:right;padding-bottom:2px;"> <span class="moreinfo" style="margin-right:10px;"><a href="/search?ln=en&p=recid%3A2852840&rm=wrd" class="moreinfo">Similar records</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> <br/> <br /> <div class="detailedrecordminipanel"> <div class="top-left"></div><div class="top-right"></div> <div class="inside"> <div id="detailedrecordminipanelfile" style="width:33%;float:left;text-align:center;margin-top:0"> <div><small class="detailedRecordActions">Fulltext:</small> <br /><a href="/record/2852840/files/s41557-022-01067-z (1).pdf"><img style="border:none" src="/img/file-icon-text-34x48.gif" alt="Download fulltext" /><br />PDF</a><br /></div> </div> <div id="detailedrecordminipanelreview" style="width:30%;float:left;text-align:center"> </div> <div id="detailedrecordminipanelactions" style="width:36%;float:right;text-align:right;"> <ul class="detailedrecordactions"> <li><a href="/yourbaskets/add?ln=en&recid=2852840">Add to personal basket</a></li> <li>Export as <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2852840/export/hx?ln=en">BibTeX</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2852840/export/hm?ln=en">MARC</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2852840/export/xm?ln=en">MARCXML</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2852840/export/xd?ln=en">DC</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2852840/export/xe?ln=en">EndNote</a>,  <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2852840/export/xn?ln=en">NLM</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2852840/export/xw?ln=en">RefWorks</a> </li> </ul> <div style='padding-left: 13px;'>  <div id="bookmark"></div> <div id="bookmark_sciencewise"></div> <style type="text/css"> #bookmark_sciencewise, #bookmark {float: left;} #bookmark_sciencewise li {padding: 2px; width: 25px;} #bookmark_sciencewise ul, #bookmark ul {list-style-image: none;} </style> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/jquery.bookmark.min.js"></script> <style type="text/css">@import "/css/jquery.bookmark.css";</style> <script type="text/javascript">// <![CDATA[ $.bookmark.addSite('sciencewise', 'ScienceWise.info', 'https://cds.cern.ch/img/sciencewise.png', 'en', 'bookmark', 'http://sciencewise.info/bookmarks/cds:2852840/add'); $('#bookmark_sciencewise').bookmark({sites: ['sciencewise']}); $('#bookmark').bookmark({ sites: ['facebook', 'twitter', 'linkedin', 'google_plusone'], icons: '/img/bookmarks.png', url: 'https://cds.cern.ch/record/2852840', addEmail: true, title: "The gas-phase formation mechanism of iodic acid as an atmospheric aerosol source", description: "AbstractIodine is a reactive trace element in atmospheric chemistry that destroys ozone and nucleates particles. Iodine emissions have tripled since 1950 and are projected to keep increasing with rising O3 surface concentrations. Although iodic acid (HIO3) is widespread and forms particles more efficiently than sulfuric acid, its gas-phase formation mechanism remains unresolved. Here, in CLOUD atmospheric simulation chamber experiments that generate iodine radicals at atmospherically relevant rates, we show that iodooxy hypoiodite, IOIO, is efficiently converted into HIO3 via reactions (R1) IOIO\u2009+\u2009O3\u2009\u2192\u2009IOIO4 and (R2) IOIO4\u2009+\u2009H2O\u2009\u2192\u2009HIO3\u2009+\u2009HOI\u2009+\u2009(1)O2. The laboratory-derived reaction rate coefficients are corroborated by theory and shown to explain field observations of daytime HIO3 in the remote lower free troposphere. The mechanism provides a missing link between iodine sources and particle formation. Because particulate iodate is readily reduced, recycling iodine back into the gas phase, our results suggest a catalytic role of iodine in aerosol formation." }); // ]]> </script>  </div> </div> <div style="clear:both;margin-bottom: 0;"></div> </div> <div class="bottom-left"></div><div class="bottom-right"></div> </div> </div></div> <footer id="footer" class="pagefooter clearfix">  <div class="pagefooterstripeleft"> CERN Document Server :: <a class="footer" href="https://cds.cern.ch/?ln=en">Search</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://cds.cern.ch/submit?ln=en">Submit</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://cds.cern.ch/youraccount/display?ln=en">Personalize</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://cds.cern.ch/help/?ln=en">Help</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://cern.service-now.com/service-portal?id=privacy_policy&se=CDS-Service" target="_blank">Privacy Notice</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://repository.cern/content-policy" target="_blank">Content Policy</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://repository.cern/terms" target="_blank">Terms and Conditions</a> <br /> Powered by <a class="footer" href="http://invenio-software.org/">Invenio</a> <br /> Maintained by <a class="footer" href="https://cern.service-now.com/service-portal?id=service_element&name=CDS-Service">CDS Service</a> - Need help? 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