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mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Disappearance of Frederick Valentich</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 15 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-15" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">15 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%83_%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%B4" title="اختفاء الطيار فريدريك فالنتيش – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="اختفاء الطيار فريدريك فالنتيش" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Изчезване на Фредерик Валентич – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Изчезване на Фредерик Валентич" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desaparici%C3%B3n_de_Frederick_Valentich" title="Desaparición de Frederick Valentich – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Desaparición de Frederick Valentich" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cas_Valentich" title="Cas Valentich – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Cas Valentich" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scomparsa_di_Frederick_Valentich" title="Scomparsa di Frederick Valentich – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Scomparsa di Frederick Valentich" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%99%D7%A2%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%AA%D7%95_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A7_%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%99%D7%A5%27" title="היעלמותו של פרדריק ולנטיץ' – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="היעלמותו של פרדריק ולנטיץ'" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Valentich_elt%C5%B1n%C3%A9se" title="Frederick Valentich eltűnése – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Frederick Valentich eltűnése" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zagini%C4%99cie_Fredericka_Valenticha" title="Zaginięcie Fredericka Valenticha – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Zaginięcie Fredericka Valenticha" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desaparecimento_de_Valentich" title="Desaparecimento de Valentich – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Desaparecimento de Valentich" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B0" title="Исчезновение Фредерика Валентича – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Исчезновение Фредерика Валентича" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Valentichin_katoamistapaus" title="Frederick Valentichin katoamistapaus – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Frederick Valentichin katoamistapaus" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Valentich%27in_kaybolu%C5%9Fu" title="Frederick Valentich'in kayboluşu – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Frederick Valentich'in kayboluşu" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%96%D1%87%D0%B0" title="Зникнення Фредеріка Валентіча – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Зникнення Фредеріка Валентіча" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%E1%BB%A5_m%E1%BA%A5t_t%C3%ADch_c%E1%BB%A7a_Frederick_Valentich" title="Vụ mất tích của Frederick Valentich – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Vụ mất tích của Frederick Valentich" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E9%9B%B7%E5%BE%B7%E9%87%8C%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E7%93%A6%E4%BC%A6%E8%92%82%E5%A5%87%E5%A4%B1%E8%B8%AA%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="弗雷德里克·瓦伦蒂奇失踪事件 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="弗雷德里克·瓦伦蒂奇失踪事件" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2630073#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li 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.geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Disappearance_of_Frederick_Valentich&params=39_24_S_143_45_E_type:event_region:AU-VIC"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">39°24′S</span> <span class="longitude">143°45′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">39.400°S 143.750°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-39.400; 143.750</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">1978 disappearance of a pilot over Bass Strait, Australia</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><caption class="infobox-title summary">Valentich disappearance</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="border-bottom:#aaa solid 1px"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Valentich_disappearance.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Valentich_disappearance.png/240px-Valentich_disappearance.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="244" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Valentich_disappearance.png/360px-Valentich_disappearance.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Valentich_disappearance.png/480px-Valentich_disappearance.png 2x" data-file-width="551" data-file-height="561" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Valentich's intended route from <a href="/wiki/Moorabbin_Airport" title="Moorabbin Airport">Moorabbin Airport</a> to <a href="/wiki/King_Island_(Tasmania)" title="King Island (Tasmania)">King Island</a> over <a href="/wiki/Bass_Strait" title="Bass Strait">Bass Strait</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Date</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left;">21 October 1978 (aged 20)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Time</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left;">19:12 AEST</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Duration</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Missing_person" title="Missing person">Missing</a> for 46 years, 1 month and 19 days</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data location" style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Bass_Strait" title="Bass Strait">Bass Strait</a>, Australia</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left;"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Disappearance_of_Frederick_Valentich&params=39_24_S_143_45_E_type:event_region:AU-VIC"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">39°24′S</span> <span class="longitude">143°45′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">39.400°S 143.750°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-39.400; 143.750</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Cause</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left;">Unknown</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Missing</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left;">1</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Frederick Valentich</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'v' in 'vie'">v</span><span title="/æ/: 'a' in 'bad'">æ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/ən/: 'on' in 'button'">ən</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="/tʃ/: 'ch' in 'China'">tʃ</span></span>/</a></span></span>) was an Australian pilot who disappeared while on a 125-<a href="/wiki/Nautical_mile" title="Nautical mile">nautical-mile</a> (232 km) training flight in a <a href="/wiki/Cessna_182_Skylane" title="Cessna 182 Skylane">Cessna 182L</a> <a href="/wiki/Light_aircraft" title="Light aircraft">light aircraft</a>, registered VH-DSJ,<sup id="cite_ref-CSICOP_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CSICOP-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> over <a href="/wiki/Bass_Strait" title="Bass Strait">Bass Strait</a>. On the evening of Saturday 21 October 1978, twenty-year-old Valentich informed <a href="/wiki/Melbourne" title="Melbourne">Melbourne</a> <a href="/wiki/Air_traffic_control" title="Air traffic control">air traffic control</a> that he was being accompanied by an aircraft about 1,000 feet (300 m) above him and that his engine had begun running roughly, before finally reporting: "It's not an aircraft."<sup id="cite_ref-AP_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AP-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There were belated reports of a <a href="/wiki/Unidentified_flying_object" title="Unidentified flying object">UFO</a> sighting in Australia on the night of the disappearance; however, the <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Transport_(Western_Australia)" title="Department of Transport (Western Australia)">Department of Transport</a> was sceptical that a UFO was behind Valentich's disappearance, and some of their officials speculated that "Valentich became disorientated and saw his own lights reflected in the water, or lights from a nearby island, while flying upside down".<sup id="cite_ref-AP_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AP-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Frederick_Valentich">Frederick Valentich</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Disappearance_of_Frederick_Valentich&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Frederick Valentich"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Frederick_Valentich.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Frederick_Valentich.png/150px-Frederick_Valentich.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="205" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Frederick_Valentich.png/225px-Frederick_Valentich.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Frederick_Valentich.png/300px-Frederick_Valentich.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="615" /></a><figcaption>Frederick Valentich</figcaption></figure> <p>Frederick Valentich (9 June 1958 – disappeared 21 October 1978) had about 150 total hours' flying time and held a class-four instrument rating, which authorised him to fly at night, but only "in <a href="/wiki/Visual_meteorological_conditions" title="Visual meteorological conditions">visual meteorological conditions</a>". He had twice applied to enlist in the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Australian_Air_Force" title="Royal Australian Air Force">Royal Australian Air Force</a> (RAAF), but was rejected because of inadequate educational qualifications. He was a member of the RAAF <a href="/wiki/Australian_Air_Force_Cadets" title="Australian Air Force Cadets">Air Training Corps</a>, determined to have a career in aviation. </p><p>Valentich was studying part-time to become a commercial pilot but had a poor achievement record, having twice failed all five commercial licence examination subjects, and as recently as the month before his disappearance had failed three more commercial licence subjects. He had been involved in flying incidents, for example, straying into a controlled zone in <a href="/wiki/Sydney" title="Sydney">Sydney</a>, for which he received a warning, and twice deliberately flying into a cloud, for which <a href="/wiki/Prosecution" class="mw-redirect" title="Prosecution">prosecution</a> was being considered. According to his father, Guido, Valentich was an ardent believer in <a href="/wiki/Unidentified_flying_object" title="Unidentified flying object">UFOs</a> and had been worried about being attacked by them.<sup id="cite_ref-CSICOP_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CSICOP-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Six days before his disappearance, Valentich discussed with his girlfriend Rhonda Rushton the possibility of a UFO taking him away, according to her.<sup id="cite_ref-Herald_Sun_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Herald_Sun-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Snopes_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Snopes-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The destination of Valentich's final flight was <a href="/wiki/King_Island_(Tasmania)" title="King Island (Tasmania)">King Island</a>, but his motivation for the flight is unknown. He told flight officials that he was going to King Island to pick up some friends, while he told others that he was going to pick up <a href="/wiki/Crayfish" title="Crayfish">crayfish</a>. Later investigations found both stated reasons to be untrue.<sup id="cite_ref-CSICOP_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CSICOP-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Valentich had also failed to inform <a href="/wiki/King_Island_Airport" title="King Island Airport">King Island Airport</a> of his intention to land there, going against "standard procedure".<sup id="cite_ref-CSICOP_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CSICOP-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:left;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Details">Details</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Disappearance_of_Frederick_Valentich&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Details"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cessna_182_(5782498179).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Cessna_182_%285782498179%29.jpg/260px-Cessna_182_%285782498179%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Cessna_182_%285782498179%29.jpg/390px-Cessna_182_%285782498179%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Cessna_182_%285782498179%29.jpg/520px-Cessna_182_%285782498179%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1066" /></a><figcaption>A Cessna 182 similar to the aircraft involved</figcaption></figure> <p>Valentich radioed <a href="/wiki/Melbourne" title="Melbourne">Melbourne</a> Flight Service at 7:06 pm to report that an unidentified aircraft was following him at 4,500 feet (1,400 m). He was told there was no known traffic at that level. Valentich said he could see a large unknown aircraft which appeared to be illuminated by four bright landing lights. He was unable to confirm its type, but said it had passed about 1,000 feet (300 m) overhead and was moving at high speed. Valentich then reported that the aircraft was approaching him from the east and said the other pilot might be purposely toying with him. Valentich said the aircraft was "orbiting" above him and that it had a shiny metal surface and a green light on it. Valentich further reported that he was experiencing engine problems. Asked to identify the aircraft, Valentich radioed: "It's not an aircraft." His transmission was then interrupted by unidentified noise described as "metallic, scraping sounds" before all contact was lost.<sup id="cite_ref-AP_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AP-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-UPI-2_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UPI-2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-UPI-1_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UPI-1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Search_and_rescue">Search and rescue</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Disappearance_of_Frederick_Valentich&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Search and rescue"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A sea and air search was undertaken that included oceangoing ship traffic, an RAAF <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_P-3_Orion" title="Lockheed P-3 Orion">Lockheed P-3 Orion</a> aircraft, plus eight civilian aircraft. The search encompassed over 1,000 square miles (2,600 km<sup>2</sup>). Search efforts ceased on 25 October 1978 without result.<sup id="cite_ref-UPI-2_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UPI-2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Official_investigation">Official investigation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Disappearance_of_Frederick_Valentich&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Official investigation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>An investigation into Valentich's disappearance by the Australian Department of Transport was unable to determine the cause but it was "presumed fatal" for Valentich.<sup id="cite_ref-CSICOP_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CSICOP-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Five years after Valentich's aircraft went missing, an <a href="/wiki/Aircraft_engine_controls#Cowl" title="Aircraft engine controls">engine cowl flap</a> was found washed ashore on <a href="/wiki/Flinders_Island" title="Flinders Island">Flinders Island</a>. In July 1983, the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Transport_Safety_Bureau#Bureau_of_Air_Safety_Investigation" title="Australian Transport Safety Bureau">Bureau of Air Safety Investigation</a> asked the Royal Australian Navy Research Laboratory (RANRL) about the likelihood that the cowl flap might have "travelled" to its ultimate position from the region where the aircraft disappeared. The bureau noted that "the part has been identified as having come from a Cessna 182 aircraft between a certain range of serial numbers", which included Valentich's aircraft.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Proposed_explanations">Proposed explanations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Disappearance_of_Frederick_Valentich&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Proposed explanations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Some Western Australia Department of Transport officials speculated that "Valentich became disorientated and saw his own lights reflected in the water, or lights from a nearby island, while flying upside down".<sup id="cite_ref-AP_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AP-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It has also been proposed that Valentich staged his own disappearance: even taking into account a trip of between 30 and 45 minutes to <a href="/wiki/Cape_Otway" title="Cape Otway">Cape Otway</a>, the single-engine Cessna 182 still had enough fuel to fly 800 km (500 mi);<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> despite ideal conditions, at no time was the aircraft plotted on <a href="/wiki/Radar" title="Radar">radar</a>, casting doubts as to whether it was ever near Cape Otway;<sup id="cite_ref-australian_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-australian-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Melbourne police received reports of a light aircraft making a mysterious landing not far from Cape Otway at the same time as Valentich's disappearance.<sup id="cite_ref-australian_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-australian-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There has also been speculation that Valentich committed <a href="/wiki/Suicide" title="Suicide">suicide</a>. According to UFOlogist Kieth Basterfield, interviews with doctors and colleagues who knew him virtually eliminated this possibility.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to <a href="/wiki/Brian_Dunning_(author)" title="Brian Dunning (author)">Brian Dunning</a>, Valentich's radio conversation was similar to the dialogue from a scene in the film <i><a href="/wiki/Close_Encounters_of_the_Third_Kind" title="Close Encounters of the Third Kind">Close Encounters of the Third Kind</a></i>, which was released less than a year before the disappearance, and was popular among pilots, young people and UFO fans. Dunning speculated that it is possible that Valentich was trying to imitate the scene for fun, and deliberately made his aircraft fly in a circular pattern in order to "give the radar guys something to see", but accidentally became disorientated and crashed into the water.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A 2013 review of the radio transcripts and other data by <a href="/wiki/Astronomer" title="Astronomer">astronomer</a> and retired <a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">United States Air Force</a> pilot James McGaha and author <a href="/wiki/Joe_Nickell" title="Joe Nickell">Joe Nickell</a> proposes that the inexperienced Valentich was deceived by the <a href="/wiki/Sensory_illusions_in_aviation" title="Sensory illusions in aviation">illusion of a tilted horizon</a> for which he attempted to compensate and inadvertently put his aircraft into a downward, so-called "<a href="/wiki/Graveyard_spiral" title="Graveyard spiral">graveyard spiral</a>" which he initially mistook for simple orbiting of the aircraft. According to the authors, the <a href="/wiki/G-force" title="G-force">G-forces</a> of a tightening spiral would decrease fuel flow, resulting in the "rough idling" reported by Valentich. McGaha and Nickell also propose that the apparently stationary, overhead lights that Valentich reported were probably the planets <a href="/wiki/Venus" title="Venus">Venus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mars" title="Mars">Mars</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mercury_(planet)" title="Mercury (planet)">Mercury</a>, along with the bright star <a href="/wiki/Antares" title="Antares">Antares</a>, which would have behaved in a way consistent with Valentich's description.<sup id="cite_ref-CSICOP_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CSICOP-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ufologists">Ufologists</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Disappearance_of_Frederick_Valentich&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Ufologists"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Valentich(reconstitution).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Valentich%28reconstitution%29.png/260px-Valentich%28reconstitution%29.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="192" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Valentich%28reconstitution%29.png/390px-Valentich%28reconstitution%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Valentich%28reconstitution%29.png/520px-Valentich%28reconstitution%29.png 2x" data-file-width="652" data-file-height="482" /></a><figcaption>Artistic rendition of a UFO chasing Valentich, based on interpretations by <a href="/wiki/Ufology" title="Ufology">Ufologists</a>. The aircraft in the image is not a Cessna 182, but a <a href="/wiki/Piper_Cherokee" class="mw-redirect" title="Piper Cherokee">Piper Cherokee</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Ufology" title="Ufology">Ufologists</a> have claimed that a UFO either destroyed Valentich's aircraft or <a href="/wiki/Alien_abduction" title="Alien abduction">abducted him</a>, saying that some individuals reported seeing "an erratically moving green light in the sky" and that he was "in a steep dive at the time". Ufologists believe these accounts are significant because of the "green light" mentioned in Valentich's radio transmissions.<sup id="cite_ref-clark1_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-clark1-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the Mt Stromlo Observatory noted that there was a meteorite stream that night, with 10-15 sightings per hour.<sup id="cite_ref-Herald_Sun_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Herald_Sun-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The group Ground Saucer Watch, based in <a href="/wiki/Phoenix,_Arizona" title="Phoenix, Arizona">Phoenix, Arizona</a>, United States, claims that photos taken by plumber Roy Manifold on the day of Valentich's disappearance show a fast-moving object exiting the water near <a href="/wiki/Cape_Otway_Lighthouse" title="Cape Otway Lighthouse">Cape Otway Lighthouse</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-melborne1_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-melborne1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to UFO writer <a href="/wiki/Jerome_Clark" title="Jerome Clark">Jerome Clark</a>, Ground Saucer Watch argued that they showed "a bona fide unknown flying object, of moderate dimensions, apparently surrounded by a cloud-like vapour/exhaust residue", although the pictures were not clear enough to identify the object.<sup id="cite_ref-Clark2003_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Clark2003-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Snopes" title="Snopes">Snopes</a></i> editor Jordan Liles suggested that the object was most likely an “out-of-focus <a href="/wiki/Fly" title="Fly">fly</a>” or a "<a href="/wiki/Bird" title="Bird">bird</a> passing by".<sup id="cite_ref-Snopes_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Snopes-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Disappearance_of_Frederick_Valentich&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_ufology" title="Australian ufology">Australian ufology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bass_Strait_Triangle" title="Bass Strait Triangle">Bass Strait Triangle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_who_disappeared_mysteriously:_post-1970" class="mw-redirect" title="List of people who disappeared mysteriously: post-1970">List of people who disappeared</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westall_UFO" title="Westall UFO">Westall UFO</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Disappearance_of_Frederick_Valentich&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-CSICOP-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CSICOP_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CSICOP_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CSICOP_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CSICOP_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CSICOP_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CSICOP_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFNickell2013" class="citation web cs1">Nickell, Joe (November 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://skepticalinquirer.org/2013/11/the-valentich-disappearance-another-ufo-cold-case-solved/">"The Valentich Disappearance: Another UFO Cold Case Solved"</a>. <i>Volume 37.6, November/December 2013</i>. Committee for Skeptical Inquiry<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 March</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Volume+37.6%2C+November%2FDecember+2013&rft.atitle=The+Valentich+Disappearance%3A+Another+UFO+Cold+Case+Solved&rft.date=2013-11&rft.aulast=Nickell&rft.aufirst=Joe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fskepticalinquirer.org%2F2013%2F11%2Fthe-valentich-disappearance-another-ufo-cold-case-solved%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADisappearance+of+Frederick+Valentich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AP-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AP_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AP_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AP_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AP_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1350&dat=19781023&id=6hFPAAAAIBAJ&pg=3318,4275388">"UFO Enthusiast Missing After Reporting Craft"</a>. <i>Toledo (OH) Blade</i>. <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a>. 10 October 1978<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 March</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toledo+%28OH%29+Blade&rft.atitle=UFO+Enthusiast+Missing+After+Reporting+Craft&rft.date=1978-10-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fnid%3D1350%26dat%3D19781023%26id%3D6hFPAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D3318%2C4275388&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADisappearance+of+Frederick+Valentich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Herald_Sun-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Herald_Sun_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Herald_Sun_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDunn2014" class="citation news cs1">Dunn, Mark (5 April 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.heraldsun.com.au/news/victoria/ufo-suspicions-still-cloud-disappearance-of-frederick-valentich/news-story/238397f0c2734c8b91cf4b96ae497bc5">"UFO suspicions still cloud disappearance of Frederick Valentich"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Herald_Sun" title="Herald Sun">Herald Sun</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=UFO+suspicions+still+cloud+disappearance+of+Frederick+Valentich&rft.date=2014-04-05&rft.aulast=Dunn&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.heraldsun.com.au%2Fnews%2Fvictoria%2Fufo-suspicions-still-cloud-disappearance-of-frederick-valentich%2Fnews-story%2F238397f0c2734c8b91cf4b96ae497bc5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADisappearance+of+Frederick+Valentich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Snopes-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Snopes_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Snopes_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLiles2021" class="citation web cs1">Liles, Jordan (3 December 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.snopes.com/articles/383824/frederick-valentich-ufo-disappearance/">"Frederick Valentich's 'UFO' Sighting and Disappearance"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Snopes" title="Snopes">Snopes</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Snopes&rft.atitle=Frederick+Valentich%27s+%27UFO%27+Sighting+and+Disappearance&rft.date=2021-12-03&rft.aulast=Liles&rft.aufirst=Jordan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.snopes.com%2Farticles%2F383824%2Ffrederick-valentich-ufo-disappearance%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADisappearance+of+Frederick+Valentich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UPI-2-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-UPI-2_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UPI-2_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2245&dat=19781026&id=3JQzAAAAIBAJ&pg=6726,5964289">"Search for pilot who saw UFO, then disappeared discontinued"</a>. <a href="/wiki/United_Press_International" title="United Press International">United Press International</a>. 26 October 1978<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Skeptoid&rft.atitle=Skeptoid+%23385%3A+The+Disappearance+of+Frederick+Valentich&rft.date=2013-10-22&rft.aulast=Dunning&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fskeptoid.com%2Fepisodes%2F4385&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADisappearance+of+Frederick+Valentich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-clark1-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-clark1_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClark1998" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Jerome_Clark" title="Jerome Clark">Clark, Jerome</a> (1998). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/ufobookencyclope0000clar"><i>The UFO Book: Encyclopedia of the Extraterrestrial</i></a></span>. Visible Ink. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-57859-029-9" title="Special:BookSources/1-57859-029-9"><bdi>1-57859-029-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+UFO+Book%3A+Encyclopedia+of+the+Extraterrestrial&rft.pub=Visible+Ink&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=1-57859-029-9&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=Jerome&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fufobookencyclope0000clar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADisappearance+of+Frederick+Valentich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-melborne1-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-melborne1_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">News Story (23 July 1980), The Standard (Melbourne)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Clark2003-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Clark2003_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJerome_Clark2003" class="citation book cs1">Jerome Clark (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jT5juKHRdwIC&pg=PA168"><i>Strange Skies: Pilot Encounters With Ufos</i></a>. Kensington Publishing Corporation. pp. 168–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8065-2299-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8065-2299-9"><bdi>978-0-8065-2299-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Strange+Skies%3A+Pilot+Encounters+With+Ufos&rft.pages=168-&rft.pub=Kensington+Publishing+Corporation&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-8065-2299-9&rft.au=Jerome+Clark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DjT5juKHRdwIC%26pg%3DPA168&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADisappearance+of+Frederick+Valentich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Disappearance_of_Frederick_Valentich&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Valentich_disappearance" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Valentich disappearance">Valentich disappearance</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://recordsearch.naa.gov.au/NAAMedia/ShowImage.asp?B=10491375&S=8&T=P">Department of Transport Aircraft Investigation Summary Report p. 8</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210224041406/https://recordsearch.naa.gov.au//NAAMedia/ShowImage.asp?B=10491375&S=8&T=P">Archived</a> 24 February 2021 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://recordsearch.naa.gov.au/NAAMedia/ShowImage.asp?B=10491375&S=9&T=P">Department of Transport Aircraft Investigation Summary Report p. 9</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210224063558/https://recordsearch.naa.gov.au//NAAMedia/ShowImage.asp?B=10491375&S=9&T=P">Archived</a> 24 February 2021 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://recordsearch.naa.gov.au/NAAMedia/ShowImage.asp?B=10491375&S=10&T=P">Department of Transport Aircraft Investigation Summary Report p. 10</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201022172107/https://recordsearch.naa.gov.au/NAAMedia/ShowImage.asp?B=10491375&S=10&T=P">Archived</a> 22 October 2020 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://recordsearch.naa.gov.au/SearchNRetrieve/Interface/SearchScreens/BasicSearch.aspx">Australian Government National Archives Search</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221119101144/https://recordsearch.naa.gov.au/SearchNRetrieve/Interface/SearchScreens/BasicSearch.aspx">Archived</a> 19 November 2022 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.abc.net.au/listen/programs/the-history-listen/the-history-listen-valentish-lost-plane-ufo/102960720">Last Flight - The Valentich Disappearance</a>, an <a href="/wiki/Australian_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Australian Broadcasting Corporation">ABC Listen</a> episode featuring people who knew Frederick Valentich.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output 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.navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Aviation_accidents_and_incidents_in_1978" title="Template:Aviation accidents and incidents in 1978"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Aviation_accidents_and_incidents_in_1978" title="Template talk:Aviation accidents and incidents in 1978"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Aviation_accidents_and_incidents_in_1978" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Aviation accidents and incidents in 1978"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Aviation_accidents_and_incidents_in_1978_(1978)" class="hlist vevent" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="summary"><a href="/wiki/Aviation_accidents_and_incidents" title="Aviation accidents and incidents">Aviation accidents and incidents</a> in 1978<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1978</span>)</span> </span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left;padding-left:0.5em;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 25em;"> <div><div style="width:4em;display:inline-block;">Jan 1</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Air_India_Flight_855" title="Air India Flight 855">Air India Flight 855</a></div></div><div><div style="width:4em;display:inline-block;">Feb 11</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Western_Airlines_Flight_314" title="Pacific Western Airlines Flight 314">Pacific Western Airlines Flight 314</a></div></div><div><div style="width:4em;display:inline-block;">Feb 17</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/1978_British_Army_Gazelle_downing" title="1978 British Army Gazelle downing">British Army Gazelle downing</a></div></div><div><div style="width:4em;display:inline-block;">Mar 1</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Continental_Airlines_Flight_603" title="Continental Airlines Flight 603">Continental Airlines Flight 603</a></div></div><div><div style="width:4em;display:inline-block;">Mar 3</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/1978_Punta_Mulatos_Linea_Aeropostal_Venezolana_HS-748_crash" title="1978 Punta Mulatos Linea Aeropostal Venezolana HS-748 crash">LAV HS 748 accident</a></div></div><div><div style="width:4em;display:inline-block;">Mar 9</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/China_Airlines_Flight_831" title="China Airlines Flight 831">China Airlines Flight 831</a></div></div><div><div style="width:4em;display:inline-block;">Mar 13</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/United_Airlines_Flight_696" title="United Airlines Flight 696">United Airlines Flight 696</a></div></div><div><div style="width:4em;display:inline-block;">Mar 16</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Balkan_Bulgarian_Airlines_Flight_107" title="Balkan Bulgarian Airlines Flight 107">Balkan Bulgarian Airlines Flight 107</a></div></div><div><div style="width:4em;display:inline-block;">Apr 20</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Korean_Air_Lines_Flight_902" title="Korean Air Lines Flight 902">Korean Air Lines Flight 902</a></div></div><div><div style="width:4em;display:inline-block;">May 8</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/National_Airlines_Flight_193" title="National Airlines Flight 193">National Airlines Flight 193</a></div></div><div><div style="width:4em;display:inline-block;">May 19</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Aeroflot_Flight_6709" title="Aeroflot Flight 6709">Aeroflot Flight 6709</a></div></div><div><div style="width:4em;display:inline-block;">May 23</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/1978_Yegoryevsk_Tu-144_crash" title="1978 Yegoryevsk Tu-144 crash">Yegoryevsk Tu-144 crash</a></div></div><div><div style="width:4em;display:inline-block;">Jun 21</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/1978_Iranian_Chinook_shootdown" title="1978 Iranian Chinook shootdown">Iranian Chinook shootdown</a></div></div><div><div style="width:4em;display:inline-block;">Jun 26</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Air_Canada_Flight_189" title="Air Canada Flight 189">Air Canada Flight 189</a></div></div><div><div style="width:4em;display:inline-block;">Jun 26</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Helikopter_Service_Flight_165" title="Helikopter Service Flight 165">Helikopter Service Flight 165</a></div></div><div><div style="width:4em;display:inline-block;">Aug 9</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Olympic_Airways_Flight_411" title="Olympic Airways Flight 411">Olympic Airways Flight 411</a></div></div><div><div style="width:4em;display:inline-block;">Aug 30</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/LOT_Polish_Airlines_Flight_165_hijacking" title="LOT Polish Airlines Flight 165 hijacking">LOT Polish Airlines Flight 165 hijacking</a></div></div><div><div style="width:4em;display:inline-block;">Sep 3</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Air_Rhodesia_Flight_825" title="Air Rhodesia Flight 825">Air Rhodesia Flight 825</a></div></div><div><div style="width:4em;display:inline-block;">Sep 7</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/1978_Air_Ceylon_Avro_HS_748_bombing" title="1978 Air Ceylon Avro HS 748 bombing">Air Ceylon Avro HS 748 bombing</a></div></div><div><div style="width:4em;display:inline-block;">Sep 25</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Southwest_Airlines_Flight_182" title="Pacific Southwest Airlines Flight 182">Pacific Southwest Airlines Flight 182</a></div></div><div><div style="width:4em;display:inline-block;">Sep 26</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Air_Caribbean_Flight_309" title="Air Caribbean Flight 309">Air Caribbean Flight 309</a></div></div><div><div style="width:4em;display:inline-block;">Sep 30</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Finnair_Flight_405" title="Finnair Flight 405">Finnair Flight 405</a></div></div><div><div style="width:4em;display:inline-block;">Oct 3</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/1978_Finnish_Air_Force_DC-3_crash" title="1978 Finnish Air Force DC-3 crash">Finnish Air Force DC-3 crash</a></div></div><div><div style="width:4em;display:inline-block;">Oct 7</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Aeroflot_Flight_1080" title="Aeroflot Flight 1080">Aeroflot Flight 1080</a></div></div><div><div style="width:4em;display:inline-block;">Oct 21</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Valentich disappearance</a></div></div><div><div style="width:4em;display:inline-block;">Oct 23</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Aeroflot_Flight_6515" title="Aeroflot Flight 6515">Aeroflot Flight 6515</a></div></div><div><div style="width:4em;display:inline-block;">Nov 15</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Loftlei%C3%B0ir_Flight_001" title="Loftleiðir Flight 001">Loftleiðir Flight 001</a></div></div><div><div style="width:4em;display:inline-block;">Dec 4</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Rocky_Mountain_Airways_Flight_217" title="Rocky Mountain Airways Flight 217">Rocky Mountain Airways Flight 217</a></div></div><div><div style="width:4em;display:inline-block;">Dec 17</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Indian_Airlines_Flight_403" title="Indian Airlines Flight 403">Indian Airlines Flight 403</a></div></div><div><div style="width:4em;display:inline-block;">Dec 20</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Indian_Airlines_Flight_410" title="Indian Airlines Flight 410">Indian Airlines Flight 410</a></div></div><div><div style="width:4em;display:inline-block;">Dec 21</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/TWA_Flight_541" title="TWA Flight 541">TWA Flight 541</a></div></div><div><div style="width:4em;display:inline-block;">Dec 22</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Cessna_188_Pacific_rescue" title="Cessna 188 Pacific rescue">Cessna 188 Pacific rescue</a></div></div><div><div style="width:4em;display:inline-block;">Dec 23</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Alitalia_Flight_4128" title="Alitalia Flight 4128">Alitalia Flight 4128</a></div></div><div><div style="width:4em;display:inline-block;">Dec 28</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/United_Airlines_Flight_173" title="United Airlines Flight 173">United Airlines Flight 173</a></div></div> </div> <div class="div-col" style="column-width: 25em;"> </div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Template:Aviation_accidents_and_incidents_in_1977" title="Template:Aviation accidents and incidents in 1977">1977   ◄</a><span class="nowrap">   </span> <a href="/wiki/Template:Aviation_accidents_and_incidents_in_1979" title="Template:Aviation accidents and incidents in 1979">►   1979</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Aviation_accidents_and_incidents_in_Australia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Aviation_accidents_and_incidents_in_Australia" title="Template:Aviation accidents and incidents in Australia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Aviation_accidents_and_incidents_in_Australia" title="Template talk:Aviation accidents and incidents in Australia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Aviation_accidents_and_incidents_in_Australia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Aviation accidents and incidents in Australia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Aviation_accidents_and_incidents_in_Australia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Category:Aviation_accidents_and_incidents_in_Australia" title="Category:Aviation accidents and incidents in Australia">Aviation accidents and incidents in Australia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1930s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1931_Avro_Ten_Southern_Cloud_disappearance" title="1931 Avro Ten Southern Cloud disappearance">Avro Ten Southern Cloud disappearance</a> (March 1931)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1932_Kimberley_rescue" title="1932 Kimberley rescue">Kimberley rescue</a> (May–July 1932)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1937_Airlines_of_Australia_Stinson_crash" title="1937 Airlines of Australia Stinson crash">Airlines of Australia Stinson crash</a> (February 1937)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1938_Kyeema_crash" title="1938 Kyeema crash">Kyeema crash</a> (October 1938)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1940s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1940_Canberra_air_disaster" title="1940 Canberra air disaster">Canberra air disaster</a> (August 1940)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1940_Brocklesby_mid-air_collision" title="1940 Brocklesby mid-air collision">Brocklesby mid-air collision</a> (September 1940)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1942_KNILM_Douglas_DC-3_shootdown" title="1942 KNILM Douglas DC-3 shootdown">KNILM Douglas DC-3 shootdown</a> (March 1942)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Little_Eva_(aircraft)" title="Little Eva (aircraft)">Little Eva</a> (December 1942)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bakers_Creek_air_crash" title="Bakers Creek air crash">Bakers Creek air crash</a> (June 1943)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rewan_air_crash" title="Rewan air crash">Rewan air crash</a> (November 1943)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Canal_Creek_air_crash" title="Canal Creek air crash">Canal Creek air crash</a> (December 1943)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1945_Australian_National_Airways_Stinson_crash" title="1945 Australian National Airways Stinson crash">Australian National Airways Stinson crash</a> (January 1945)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1946_Australian_National_Airways_DC-3_crash" title="1946 Australian National Airways DC-3 crash">Australian National Airways DC-3 crash</a> (March 1946)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1948_Australian_National_Airways_DC-3_crash" title="1948 Australian National Airways DC-3 crash">Australian National Airways DC-3 crash</a> (September 1948)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1949_Queensland_Airlines_Lockheed_Lodestar_crash" title="1949 Queensland Airlines Lockheed Lodestar crash">Queensland Airlines Lockheed Lodestar crash</a> (March 1949)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1949_MacRobertson_Miller_Aviation_DC-3_crash" title="1949 MacRobertson Miller Aviation DC-3 crash">MacRobertson Miller Aviation DC-3 crash</a> (July 1949)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1950s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1950_Australian_National_Airways_Douglas_DC-4_crash" title="1950 Australian National Airways Douglas DC-4 crash">Australian National Airways Douglas DC-4 crash</a> (June 1950)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Maroochy_air_crash" title="Maroochy air crash">Maroochy air crash</a> (December 1950)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1960s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Trans_Australia_Airlines_Flight_538" title="Trans Australia Airlines Flight 538">Trans Australia Airlines Flight 538</a> (June 1960)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Trans_Australia_Airlines_Flight_408" title="Trans Australia Airlines Flight 408">Trans Australia Airlines Flight 408</a> (July 1960)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ansett-ANA_Flight_325" title="Ansett-ANA Flight 325">Ansett-ANA Flight 325</a> (November 1961)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ansett-ANA_Flight_149" title="Ansett-ANA Flight 149">Ansett-ANA Flight 149</a> (September 1966)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/MacRobertson_Miller_Airlines_Flight_1750" title="MacRobertson Miller Airlines Flight 1750">MacRobertson Miller Airlines Flight 1750</a> (December 1968)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1970s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ansett_Australia_Flight_232" title="Ansett Australia Flight 232">Ansett Australia Flight 232</a> (November 1972)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Connellan_air_disaster" title="Connellan air disaster">Connellan air disaster</a> (January 1977)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Disappearance of Frederick Valentich</a> (October 1978)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cessna_188_Pacific_rescue" title="Cessna 188 Pacific rescue">Cessna 188 Pacific rescue</a> (December 1978)*</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Advance_Airlines_Flight_4210" title="Advance Airlines Flight 4210">Advance Airlines Flight 4210</a> (February 1980)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1981_Barrington_Tops_Cessna_210_disappearance" title="1981 Barrington Tops Cessna 210 disappearance">Barrington Tops Cessna 210 disappearance</a> (August 1981)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1989_Alice_Springs_hot_air_balloon_crash" title="1989 Alice Springs hot air balloon crash">Alice Springs hot air balloon crash</a> (August 1989)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1991_RAAF_Boeing_707_crash" title="1991 RAAF Boeing 707 crash">RAAF Boeing 707 crash</a> (October 1991)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1994_South_Pacific_Airmotive_DC-3_crash" title="1994 South Pacific Airmotive DC-3 crash">South Pacific Airmotive DC-3 crash</a> (April 1994)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Whyalla_Airlines_Flight_904" title="Whyalla Airlines Flight 904">Whyalla Airlines Flight 904</a> (May 2000)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2000_Australia_Beechcraft_King_Air_crash" title="2000 Australia Beechcraft King Air crash">Australia Beechcraft King Air crash</a> (September 2000)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/QantasLink_Flight_1737" title="QantasLink Flight 1737">QantasLink Flight 1737</a> (May 2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lockhart_River_air_disaster" title="Lockhart River air disaster">Lockhart River air disaster</a> (May 2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Qantas_Flight_72" title="Qantas Flight 72">Qantas Flight 72</a> (October 2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Emirates_Flight_407" title="Emirates Flight 407">Emirates Flight 407</a> (March 2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2009_Pel-Air_Westwind_ditching" title="2009 Pel-Air Westwind ditching">Pel-Air Westwind ditching</a> (November 2009)*</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2012_Queensland_DH.84_Dragon_crash" title="2012 Queensland DH.84 Dragon crash">Queensland DH.84 crash</a> (October 2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2017_Essendon_Airport_Beechcraft_King_Air_crash" title="2017 Essendon Airport Beechcraft King Air crash">Essendon Airport Beechcraft King Air crash</a> (February 2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2017_Sydney_Seaplanes_DHC-2_crash" title="2017 Sydney Seaplanes DHC-2 crash">Sydney Seaplanes DHC-2 crash</a> (December 2017)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2020_Coulson_Aviation_Lockheed_C-130_Hercules_crash" title="2020 Coulson Aviation Lockheed C-130 Hercules crash">Coulson Aviation Lockheed C-130 crash</a> (January 2020)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2023_Gold_Coast_mid-air_collision" title="2023 Gold Coast mid-air collision">Gold Coast mid-air collision</a> (January 2023)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2023_Coulson_Aviation_Boeing_737_crash" title="2023 Coulson Aviation Boeing 737 crash">Coulson Aviation Boeing 737 crash</a> (February 2023)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>An asterisk (*) denotes an incident that took place in an External territory of Australia.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="UFOs" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:UFOs" title="Template:UFOs"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:UFOs" title="Template talk:UFOs"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:UFOs" title="Special:EditPage/Template:UFOs"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="UFOs" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Unidentified_flying_object" title="Unidentified flying object">UFOs</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ufology" title="Ufology">Ufology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_reported_UFO_sightings" title="List of reported UFO sightings">Claimed sightings</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_reported_UFO_sightings" title="List of reported UFO sightings">List of reported UFO sightings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UFO_sightings_in_outer_space" title="UFO sightings in outer space">Sightings in outer space</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Pre-20th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Merkabah_mysticism" title="Merkabah mysticism">Ezekiel's Wheel (circa 622–570 BC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airship_of_Clonmacnoise" title="Airship of Clonmacnoise">Airship of Clonmacnoise</a> (740s)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1561_celestial_phenomenon_over_Nuremberg" title="1561 celestial phenomenon over Nuremberg">1561 celestial phenomenon over Nuremberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1566_celestial_phenomenon_over_Basel" title="1566 celestial phenomenon over Basel">1566 celestial phenomenon over Basel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1665_celestial_phenomenon_over_Stralsund" title="1665 celestial phenomenon over Stralsund">1665 celestial phenomenon over Stralsund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonilla_observation" title="Bonilla observation">José Bonilla observation (1883)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mystery_airship#The_airship_wave_of_1896-1897" title="Mystery airship">Airship wave (1896–97)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aurora,_Texas,_UFO_incident" title="Aurora, Texas, UFO incident">Aurora (1897)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">20th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Los_Angeles" title="Battle of Los Angeles">Los Angeles (1942)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%84ngelholm_UFO_memorial" title="Ängelholm UFO memorial">Ängelholm UFO memorial (1946)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Arnold_UFO_sighting" title="Kenneth Arnold UFO sighting">Kenneth Arnold (1947)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1947_flying_disc_craze" title="1947 flying disc craze">1947 craze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flight_105_UFO_sighting" title="Flight 105 UFO sighting">Flight 105 (1947)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roswell_incident" title="Roswell incident">Roswell (1947)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhodes_UFO_photographs" title="Rhodes UFO photographs">Rhodes (1947)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mantell_UFO_incident" title="Mantell UFO incident">Mantell (1948)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiles-Whitted_UFO_encounter" title="Chiles-Whitted UFO encounter">Chiles-Whitted (1948)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorman_dogfight" title="Gorman dogfight">Gorman Dogfight (1948)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariana_UFO_incident" title="Mariana UFO incident">Mariana (1950)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McMinnville_UFO_photographs" title="McMinnville UFO photographs">McMinnville photographs (1950)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sperry_UFO_case" class="mw-redirect" title="Sperry UFO case">Sperry (1950)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lubbock_Lights" title="Lubbock Lights">Lubbock Lights (1951)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nash-Fortenberry_UFO_sighting" title="Nash-Fortenberry UFO sighting">Nash-Fortenberry (1952)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1952_Washington,_D.C._UFO_incident" class="mw-redirect" title="1952 Washington, D.C. UFO incident">Washington, D.C. (1952)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flatwoods_monster" title="Flatwoods monster">Flatwoods monster (1952)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kelly%E2%80%93Hopkinsville_encounter" title="Kelly–Hopkinsville encounter">Kelly–Hopkinsville (1955)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakenheath-Bentwaters_incident" title="Lakenheath-Bentwaters incident">Lakenheath-Bentwaters (1956)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B4nio_Villas_Boas" class="mw-redirect" title="Antônio Villas Boas">Antônio Villas Boas (1957)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levelland_UFO_case" title="Levelland UFO case">Levelland (1957)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barney_and_Betty_Hill" class="mw-redirect" title="Barney and Betty Hill">Barney and Betty Hill abduction (1961)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lonnie_Zamora_incident" title="Lonnie Zamora incident">Lonnie Zamora incident (1964)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solway_Firth_Spaceman" title="Solway Firth Spaceman">Solway Firth Spaceman (1964)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exeter_incident" title="Exeter incident">Exeter (1965)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kecksburg_UFO_incident" title="Kecksburg UFO incident">Kecksburg (1965)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westall_UFO" title="Westall UFO">Westall (1966)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falcon_Lake_Incident" title="Falcon Lake Incident">Falcon Lake (1967)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shag_Harbour_UFO_incident" title="Shag Harbour UFO incident">Shag Harbour (1967)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter_UFO_incident" title="Jimmy Carter UFO incident">Jimmy Carter (1969)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_Air_Force_UFO_sighting" title="Finnish Air Force UFO sighting">Finnish Air Force (1969)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pascagoula_Abduction" title="Pascagoula Abduction">Pascagoula Abduction (1973)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lennon_UFO_incident" class="mw-redirect" title="John Lennon UFO incident">John Lennon UFO incident (1974)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travis_Walton_UFO_incident" class="mw-redirect" title="Travis Walton UFO incident">Travis Walton incident (1975)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_Tehran_UFO_incident" title="1976 Tehran UFO incident">Tehran (1976)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrozavodsk_phenomenon" title="Petrozavodsk phenomenon">Petrozavodsk phenomenon (1977)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opera%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Prato" title="Operação Prato">Operação Prato (1977)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zanfretta_UFO_Incident" title="Zanfretta UFO Incident">Zanfretta incident (1978)</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Valentich disappearance (1978)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaikoura_lights" title="Kaikoura lights">Kaikoura Lights (1978)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Taylor_incident" title="Robert Taylor incident">Robert Taylor incident (1979)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Val_Johnson_incident" title="Val Johnson incident">Val Johnson incident (1979)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manises_UFO_incident" title="Manises UFO incident">Manises (1979)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cash%E2%80%93Landrum_incident" title="Cash–Landrum incident">Cash–Landrum incident (1980)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rendlesham_Forest_incident" title="Rendlesham Forest incident">Rendlesham Forest (1980)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trans-en-Provence_case" title="Trans-en-Provence case">Trans-en-Provence (1981)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan_Air_Lines_Cargo_Flight_1628_incident" title="Japan Air Lines Cargo Flight 1628 incident">Japan Air Lines (1986)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilkley_Moor_UFO_incident" title="Ilkley Moor UFO incident">Ilkley Moor (1987)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voronezh_UFO_incident" title="Voronezh UFO incident">Voronezh incident (1989)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgian_UFO_wave" title="Belgian UFO wave">Belgian UFO wave (1990)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariel_School_UFO_incident" title="Ariel School UFO incident">Ariel School (1994)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varginha_UFO_incident" title="Varginha UFO incident">Varginha (1996)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Lights" title="Phoenix Lights">Phoenix Lights (1997)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">21st century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/USS_Nimitz_UFO_incident" class="mw-redirect" title="USS Nimitz UFO incident">USS <i>Nimitz</i> UFO incident (2004)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UFO_sightings_in_Mexico#2004" title="UFO sightings in Mexico">Campeche, Mexico (2004)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_O%27Hare_International_Airport_UFO_sighting" title="2006 O'Hare International Airport UFO sighting">O'Hare Airport (2006)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_Alderney_UFO_sighting" title="2007 Alderney UFO sighting">Alderney (2007)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_Norwegian_spiral_anomaly" title="2009 Norwegian spiral anomaly">Norway (2009)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Theodore_Roosevelt_UFO_incidents" class="mw-redirect" title="USS Theodore Roosevelt UFO incidents">USS <i>Theodore Roosevelt</i> UFO incidents (2014)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jetpack_man" title="Jetpack man">Jetpack man (2020–21)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_high-altitude_object_events_in_2023" title="List of high-altitude object events in 2023">High-altitude object events (2023)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Grusch_UFO_whistleblower_claims" title="David Grusch UFO whistleblower claims">David Grusch claims (2023)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_UFO-related_hoaxes" title="List of UFO-related hoaxes">Confirmed hoaxes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maury_Island_incident" title="Maury Island incident">Maury Island hoax (1947)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twin_Falls_saucer_hoax" title="Twin Falls saucer hoax">Twin Falls, Idaho hoax (1947)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aztec,_New_Mexico_UFO_hoax" class="mw-redirect" title="Aztec, New Mexico UFO hoax">Aztec, New Mexico hoax (1949)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1967_British_flying_saucer_hoax" title="1967 British flying saucer hoax">Southern England (1967)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Majestic_12" title="Majestic 12">Majestic 12 (1985)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_Breeze_UFO_incident" title="Gulf Breeze UFO incident">Gulf Breeze (1987–88)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alien_Autopsy_(1995_film)" title="Alien Autopsy (1995 film)">Alien Autopsy (1995 film)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morristown_UFO_hoax" title="Morristown UFO hoax">Morristown (2009)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sightings by country</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/UFO_sightings_in_Africa" title="UFO sightings in Africa">Africa</a> (<a href="/wiki/UFO_sightings_in_South_Africa" title="UFO sightings in South Africa">South Africa</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/UFO_sightings_in_Albania" title="UFO sightings in Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UFO_sightings_in_Argentina" title="UFO sightings in Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UFO_sightings_in_Australia" title="UFO sightings in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UFO_sightings_in_Belarus" title="UFO sightings in Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UFO_sightings_in_Belgium" title="UFO sightings in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UFO_sightings_in_Brazil" title="UFO sightings in Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UFO_sightings_in_Canada" title="UFO sightings in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UFO_sightings_in_China" title="UFO sightings in China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UFO_sightings_in_the_Czech_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="UFO sightings in the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UFO_sightings_in_France" title="UFO sightings in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UFO_sightings_in_Greece" title="UFO sightings in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UFO_sightings_in_India" title="UFO sightings in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UFO_sightings_in_Indonesia" title="UFO sightings in Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UFO_sightings_in_Iran" title="UFO sightings in Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UFO_sightings_in_Italy" title="UFO sightings in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UFO_sightings_in_Mexico" title="UFO sightings in Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UFO_sightings_in_Nepal" title="UFO sightings in Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UFO_sightings_in_New_Zealand" title="UFO sightings in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UFO_sightings_in_Norway" title="UFO sightings in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UFO_sightings_in_Poland" title="UFO sightings in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UFO_sightings_in_Russia" title="UFO sightings in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UFO_sightings_in_Spain" title="UFO sightings in Spain">Spain</a> (<a href="/wiki/UFO_sightings_in_the_Canary_Islands" title="UFO sightings in the Canary Islands">Canary Islands</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/UFO_sightings_in_Sweden" title="UFO sightings in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UFO_sightings_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="UFO sightings in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UFO_sightings_in_the_United_States" title="UFO sightings in the United States">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Types of UFOs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_triangle_(UFO)" title="Black triangle (UFO)">Black triangle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flying_saucer" title="Flying saucer">Flying saucer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foo_fighter" title="Foo fighter">Foo fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghost_rockets" title="Ghost rockets">Ghost rockets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_fireballs" title="Green fireballs">Green fireballs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mystery_airship" title="Mystery airship">Mystery airship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_jellyfish" title="Space jellyfish">Space jellyfish</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_alleged_extraterrestrial_beings" title="List of alleged extraterrestrial beings">Types of alleged<br /> extraterrestrial beings</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Energy_being" title="Energy being">Energy beings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grey_alien" title="Grey alien">Grey aliens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insectoids_in_science_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Insectoids in science fiction">Insectoids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_green_men" title="Little green men">Little green men</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordic_aliens" title="Nordic aliens">Nordic aliens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reptilian_humanoid" title="Reptilian humanoid">Reptilian humanoids</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Studies and timeline</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Investigation_of_UFO_reports_by_the_United_States_government" title="Investigation of UFO reports by the United States government">Investigation of UFO reports by the United States government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Flying_Saucers_Are_Real" title="The Flying Saucers Are Real"><i>The Flying Saucers Are Real</i> (1947–1950)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Sign" title="Project Sign">Project Sign (1948)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Grudge" title="Project Grudge">Project Grudge (1949)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flying_Saucer_Working_Party" title="Flying Saucer Working Party">Flying Saucer Working Party (1950)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Magnet_(UFO)" title="Project Magnet (UFO)">Project Magnet (1950–1962)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Blue_Book" title="Project Blue Book">Project Blue Book (1952–1970)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robertson_Panel" title="Robertson Panel">Robertson Panel (1953)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Report_on_Unidentified_Flying_Objects" title="The Report on Unidentified Flying Objects">Ruppelt report (1956)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Investigations_Committee_On_Aerial_Phenomena" title="National Investigations Committee On Aerial Phenomena">National Investigations Committee On Aerial Phenomena (1956–1980)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Condon_Committee" title="Condon Committee">Condon Report (1966–1968)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_22" title="Institute 22">Institute 22 (1978–?)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Condign" title="Project Condign">Project Condign (1997–2000)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Aerospace_Threat_Identification_Program" title="Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program">Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program (2007–2012)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Identification_studies_of_UFOs" title="Identification studies of UFOs">Identification studies of UFOs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unidentified_Aerial_Phenomena_Task_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Unidentified Aerial Phenomena Task Force">Unidentified Aerial Phenomena Task Force (current)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NASA%27s_UAP_independent_study_team" class="mw-redirect" title="NASA's UAP independent study team">NASA's UAP independent study team</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hypotheses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_astronauts" title="Ancient astronauts">Ancient astronauts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mac_Tonnies#Cryptoterrestrial_hypothesis" title="Mac Tonnies">Cryptoterrestrial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extraterrestrial_hypothesis" class="mw-redirect" title="Extraterrestrial hypothesis">Extraterrestrial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interdimensional_hypothesis" class="mw-redirect" title="Interdimensional hypothesis">Interdimensional</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychosocial_hypothesis" class="mw-redirect" title="Psychosocial hypothesis">Psychosocial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazi_UFOs" title="Nazi UFOs">Nazi UFOs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time-traveller_UFO_hypothesis" class="mw-redirect" title="Time-traveller UFO hypothesis">Time-traveller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_International_Posadist" title="Fourth International Posadist">Trotskyist-Posadism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/UFO_conspiracy_theories" title="UFO conspiracy theories">Conspiracy theories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Area_51" title="Area 51">Area 51</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Storm_Area_51" title="Storm Area 51">Storm Area 51</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Lazar" title="Bob Lazar">Bob Lazar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dulce_Base" title="Dulce Base">Dulce Base</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Men_in_black" title="Men in black">Men in black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planetary_objects_proposed_in_religion,_astrology,_ufology_and_pseudoscience" title="Planetary objects proposed in religion, astrology, ufology and pseudoscience">Project Serpo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Involvement</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Alien_abduction" title="Alien abduction">Abduction claims</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_alien_abduction_claims" class="mw-redirect" title="History of alien abduction claims">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alien_abduction_entities" title="Alien abduction entities">Entities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alien_abduction_claimants" title="Alien abduction claimants">Claimants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narrative_of_the_abduction_phenomenon" title="Narrative of the abduction phenomenon">Narrative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perspectives_on_the_abduction_phenomenon" title="Perspectives on the abduction phenomenon">Perspectives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niche_insurance" title="Niche insurance">Insurance</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alien_implants" title="Alien implants">Implants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cattle_mutilation" title="Cattle mutilation">Cattle mutilation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Close_encounter" title="Close encounter">Close encounter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contactee" title="Contactee">Contactee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crop_circle" title="Crop circle">Crop circles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_investigations_of_UFOs_by_governments" title="List of investigations of UFOs by governments">Government responses</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/GEIPAN" title="GEIPAN">GEIPAN</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_UFO_organizations" title="List of UFO organizations">Organizations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ufologists" title="List of ufologists">Ufologists</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/UFOs_in_fiction" title="UFOs in fiction">Fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UFO_religion" title="UFO religion">Religions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_UFO_religions" title="List of UFO religions">list</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Skepticism</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_scientific_skeptics" title="List of scientific skeptics">List of scientific skeptics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committee_for_Skeptical_Inquiry" title="Committee for Skeptical Inquiry">Committee for Skeptical Inquiry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Government & Law</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2022_United_States_Congress_hearings_on_UFOs" title="2022 United States Congress hearings on UFOs">United States Congress hearings on UFOs (2022)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unidentified_Anomalous_Phenomena_Disclosure_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena Disclosure Act">Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena Disclosure Act (UADPA), USA law (2023)</a></li></ul> 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