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><a href="http://e-geopolis.org/indicateurs/" class="fusion-bar-highlight" role="menuitem"><span>Indicateurs</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-69" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-69" ><a href="http://e-geopolis.org/metadonnees/" class="fusion-bar-highlight" role="menuitem"><span>Métadonnées</span></a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li id="menu-item-2388" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-2388 fusion-dropdown-menu" data-item-id="2388"><a href="http://e-geopolis.org/programmes-de-recherches/" class="fusion-flex-link fusion-bar-highlight" role="menuitem"><span class="fusion-megamenu-icon"><i class="glyphicon fa fa-flask"></i></span><span class="menu-text">Programmes de recherches</span></a><ul role="menu" class="sub-menu"><li id="menu-item-140" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-140 fusion-dropdown-submenu" ><a href="http://e-geopolis.org/programmes-de-recherches/africapolis/" class="fusion-bar-highlight" role="menuitem"><span>Africapolis</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-693" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-693 fusion-dropdown-submenu" ><a href="http://e-geopolis.org/programmes-de-recherches/arcticapolis/" class="fusion-bar-highlight" role="menuitem"><span>Arcticapolis</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-645" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-645 fusion-dropdown-submenu" ><a href="http://e-geopolis.org/programmes-de-recherches/brasipolis/" class="fusion-bar-highlight" role="menuitem"><span>Brasipolis</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-674" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-674 fusion-dropdown-submenu" ><a href="http://e-geopolis.org/programmes-de-recherches/chinapolis/" class="fusion-bar-highlight" role="menuitem"><span>Chinapolis</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-661" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-661 fusion-dropdown-submenu" ><a href="http://e-geopolis.org/programmes-de-recherches/europolis/" class="fusion-bar-highlight" role="menuitem"><span>Europolis</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-679" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-679 fusion-dropdown-submenu" ><a href="http://e-geopolis.org/programmes-de-recherches/indiapolis/" class="fusion-bar-highlight" role="menuitem"><span>Indiapolis</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-685" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-685 fusion-dropdown-submenu" ><a href="http://e-geopolis.org/programmes-de-recherches/menapolis/" class="fusion-bar-highlight" role="menuitem"><span>Menapolis</span></a></li></ul></li><li id="menu-item-1290" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-1290 fusion-dropdown-menu" data-item-id="1290"><a href="http://e-geopolis.org/references/publications-academiques/" class="fusion-flex-link fusion-bar-highlight" role="menuitem"><span class="fusion-megamenu-icon"><i class="glyphicon fa fa-graduation-cap"></i></span><span class="menu-text">Références</span></a><ul role="menu" class="sub-menu"><li id="menu-item-88" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-88 fusion-dropdown-submenu" ><a href="http://e-geopolis.org/references/publications-academiques/" class="fusion-bar-highlight" role="menuitem"><span>Publications académiques</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-86" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-86 fusion-dropdown-submenu" ><a href="http://e-geopolis.org/references/citations/" class="fusion-bar-highlight" role="menuitem"><span>Citations</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-2812" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2812 fusion-dropdown-submenu" ><a href="http://e-geopolis.org/references/ouvrages/" class="fusion-bar-highlight" role="menuitem"><span>Ouvrages</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-89" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-89 fusion-dropdown-submenu" ><a href="http://e-geopolis.org/references/theses/" class="fusion-bar-highlight" role="menuitem"><span>Thèses</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-2811" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2811 fusion-dropdown-submenu" ><a href="http://e-geopolis.org/references/conferences-colloques/" class="fusion-bar-highlight" role="menuitem"><span>Conférences & colloques</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-2391" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2391 fusion-dropdown-submenu" ><a href="http://e-geopolis.org/references/seminaire-enseignement/" class="fusion-bar-highlight" role="menuitem"><span>Séminaire & Enseignement</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="fusion-custom-menu-item fusion-main-menu-search"><a class="fusion-main-menu-icon fusion-bar-highlight" href="#" aria-label="Recherche" data-title="Recherche" title="Recherche"></a><div class="fusion-custom-menu-item-contents"><form role="search" class="searchform fusion-search-form" method="get" action="http://e-geopolis.org/"> <div class="fusion-search-form-content"> <div class="fusion-search-field search-field"> <label class="screen-reader-text" for="s">Rechercher</label> <input type="text" value="" name="s" class="s" placeholder="Rechercher..." required aria-required="true" aria-label="Rechercher..."/> </div> <div class="fusion-search-button search-button"> <input type="submit" class="fusion-search-submit searchsubmit" value="" /> </div> </div> </form> </div></li></ul></nav> <div class="fusion-mobile-menu-icons"> <a href="#" class="fusion-icon fusion-icon-bars" aria-label="Toggle mobile menu" aria-expanded="false"></a> </div> <nav class="fusion-mobile-nav-holder fusion-mobile-menu-text-align-left" aria-label="Main Menu Mobile"></nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fusion-clearfix"></div> </header> <div id="sliders-container"> <div id="rev_slider_1_1_wrapper" class="rev_slider_wrapper fullwidthbanner-container" data-source="gallery" style="margin:0px auto;background:rgba(255,255,255,0);padding:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;background-image:url(http://e-geopolis.org/wp-content/uploads/SYSTEM/istanbul-vue-aerienne-megalopole-coucher-de-soleil.jpg);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;background-position:center top;">  <div id="rev_slider_1_1" class="rev_slider fullwidthabanner" style="display:none;" data-version="5.4.8"> <ul>  <li data-index="rs-2" data-transition="fade" data-slotamount="default" data-hideafterloop="0" data-hideslideonmobile="off" data-easein="default" data-easeout="default" data-masterspeed="300" data-delay="12440" data-rotate="0" data-saveperformance="off" data-title="Slide" data-param1="" data-param2="" data-param3="" data-param4="" 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data-paddingtop="[0,0,0,0]" data-paddingright="[0,0,0,0]" data-paddingbottom="[0,0,0,0]" data-paddingleft="[0,0,0,0]" style="z-index: 5; white-space: nowrap; font-size: 30px; line-height: 30px; letter-spacing: 0px;">Chiffres de référence</br>sur la taille des population des villes </div>  <h1 class="tp-caption very_large_text tp-resizeme" id="slide-2-layer-11" data-x="center" data-hoffset="-183" data-y="center" data-voffset="20" data-width="['auto']" data-height="['auto']" data-type="text" data-responsive_offset="on" data-frames='[{"delay":3000,"speed":300,"frame":"0","from":"x:50px;opacity:0;","to":"o:1;","ease":"Power3.easeInOut"},{"delay":"+1700","speed":300,"frame":"999","to":"opacity:0;","ease":"Power2.easeIn"}]' data-textAlign="['inherit','inherit','inherit','inherit']" data-paddingtop="[0,0,0,0]" data-paddingright="[0,0,0,0]" data-paddingbottom="[0,0,0,0]" data-paddingleft="[0,0,0,0]" style="z-index: 6; white-space: nowrap; font-size: 30px; letter-spacing: 0px;">Une application de l'approche scientifique </h1>  <div class="tp-caption very_large_text tp-resizeme" id="slide-2-layer-13" data-x="center" data-hoffset="243" data-y="center" data-voffset="112" data-width="['auto']" data-height="['auto']" data-type="text" data-responsive_offset="on" data-frames='[{"delay":5140,"speed":300,"frame":"0","from":"x:-50px;opacity:0;","to":"o:1;","ease":"Power3.easeInOut"},{"delay":"+1670","speed":300,"frame":"999","to":"opacity:0;","ease":"Power2.easeIn"}]' data-textAlign="['inherit','inherit','inherit','inherit']" data-paddingtop="[0,0,0,0]" data-paddingright="[0,0,0,0]" data-paddingbottom="[0,0,0,0]" data-paddingleft="[0,0,0,0]" style="z-index: 7; white-space: nowrap; font-size: 30px; line-height: 30px; letter-spacing: 0px;">Dynamique et évolution</br>des population urbaines à long terme </div>  <div class="tp-caption very_large_text tp-resizeme" id="slide-2-layer-14" data-x="center" data-hoffset="-8" data-y="center" data-voffset="52" data-width="['auto']" data-height="['auto']" data-type="text" data-responsive_offset="on" data-frames='[{"delay":7350,"speed":300,"frame":"0","from":"x:50px;opacity:0;","to":"o:1;","ease":"Power3.easeInOut"},{"delay":"+1670","speed":300,"frame":"999","to":"opacity:0;","ease":"Power2.easeIn"}]' data-textAlign="['inherit','inherit','inherit','inherit']" data-paddingtop="[0,0,0,0]" data-paddingright="[0,0,0,0]" data-paddingbottom="[0,0,0,0]" data-paddingleft="[0,0,0,0]" style="z-index: 8; white-space: nowrap; font-size: 30px; line-height: 30px; letter-spacing: 0px;">Une définition harmonisée</br>permettant une véritable comparaison entre pays </div>  <div class="tp-caption very_large_text tp-resizeme" id="slide-2-layer-15" data-x="center" data-hoffset="31" data-y="center" data-voffset="82" data-width="['auto']" data-height="['auto']" data-type="text" data-responsive_offset="on" data-frames='[{"delay":9480,"speed":300,"frame":"0","from":"x:-50px;opacity:0;","to":"o:1;","ease":"Power3.easeInOut"},{"delay":"+2180","speed":300,"frame":"999","to":"opacity:0;","ease":"Power2.easeIn"}]' data-textAlign="['inherit','inherit','inherit','inherit']" data-paddingtop="[0,0,0,0]" data-paddingright="[0,0,0,0]" data-paddingbottom="[0,0,0,0]" data-paddingleft="[0,0,0,0]" style="z-index: 9; white-space: nowrap; font-size: 30px; line-height: 30px; letter-spacing: 0px;">Localisation du peuplements</br>et extension morphologique des zones urbaines </div> </li> </ul> <div class="tp-bannertimer tp-bottom" style="visibility: hidden !important;"></div> </div> <script>var htmlDiv = document.getElementById("rs-plugin-settings-inline-css"); var htmlDivCss=".tp-caption.very_large_text,.very_large_text{color:#fff;font-weight:700;font-size:60px;line-height:60px;font-family:Arial;border-width:0px;border-style:none;position:absolute;text-shadow:0px 2px 5px 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document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(htmlDiv.childNodes[0]); } </script> </div> </div> <div class="fusion-page-title-bar fusion-page-title-bar-none fusion-page-title-bar-left"> <div class="fusion-page-title-row"> <div class="fusion-page-title-wrapper"> <div class="fusion-page-title-captions"> <h1 class="entry-title">Le projet</h1> </div> <div class="fusion-page-title-secondary"> <div class="fusion-breadcrumbs"><span itemscope itemtype="http://data-vocabulary.org/Breadcrumb"><a itemprop="url" href="http://e-geopolis.org"><span itemprop="title">Accueil</span></a></span><span class="fusion-breadcrumb-sep">/</span><span class="breadcrumb-leaf">Le projet</span></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <main id="main" role="main" class="clearfix width-100" style="padding-left:100px;padding-right:100px"> <div class="fusion-row" style="max-width:100%;"> <section id="content" class="full-width"> <div id="post-16" class="post-16 page type-page status-publish hentry"> <span class="entry-title rich-snippet-hidden">Le projet</span><span class="vcard rich-snippet-hidden"><span class="fn"><a href="http://e-geopolis.org/author/e-geopolis/" title="Articles par E-Geopolis" rel="author">E-Geopolis</a></span></span><span class="updated rich-snippet-hidden">2018-04-22T19:30:53+02:00</span> <div class="post-content"> <div class="fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-parallax-fixed nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling" style='background-color: #03a9f4;background-image: url("http://e-geopolis.org/wp-content/uploads/1439161606931463-300x193.jpg");background-position: center center;background-repeat: no-repeat;padding-top:30px;padding-right:30px;padding-bottom:30px;padding-left:30px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-top: 0px;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;background-attachment:fixed;'><div class="fusion-builder-row fusion-row "><div class="fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion_builder_column_1_2 fusion-one-half fusion-column-first fusion-blend-mode 1_2" style='margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;width:48%; margin-right: 4%;'> <div class="fusion-column-wrapper" style="background-color:#ffffff;padding: 30px 30px 30px 30px;" data-bg-url=""> <div class="fusion-column-content-centered"><div class="fusion-column-content"><div class="fusion-title title sep-underline sep-solid fusion-title-size-three" style="border-bottom-color:#ff9800;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:31px;"><h3 class="title-heading-left">La recherche avant tout</h3></div><div class="fusion-text"><p>L’idée générale est qu’il n’existe aucune étude empirique de grande ampleur, aucune tentative de généralisation théorique sur les formes et les dynamiques du peuplement humain. Sur ce sujet, on possède d’un côté des monographies très précises en géographie, en ethnologie et en histoire ; d’un autre, des simulations théoriques en économie spatiale et en géographie économique. L’intérêt heuristique de ces recherches est, dans le premier cas, vite épuisé par les possibilités réduites de généralisation ; dans le second cas, d’une part, par le manque de validation empirique et d’autre part, par l’abandon de perspectives anthropologiques dans les intrants théoriques (politique, ethnologie, sociologie…). Aujourd’hui l’intérêt pour les « formes » est renouvelé par les questions énergétiques, de la ségrégation et de l’habitat durable. Pour s’adresser aux acteurs et au Politique, la science ne peut plus se contenter de prédire : elle se doit aussi d’expliquer et de mettre à disposition les informations qu’elle manipule.<br /> La mission du projet est de créer une plateforme de recherche et de ressources mises à la disposition du public. La première (recherche/ formation) est la mission « naturelle » de l’université et du CNRS. La seconde est une pratique dans laquelle la France a pris un retard considérable : la diffusion d’un matériau de recherche rassemblé, formaté et contrôler par une instance académique.<br /> Dans ce cadre, il était nécéssaire nécéssaire de distinguer des domaines d’applications qui constituent déjà en soi, des sujets d’études complexes et à part entière, c’est pourquoi nous avons découpé le projet en 4 pôles majeures complémentaires :</p> <ul> <li><strong>Geokhoris</strong> : étude des Unités Locales Administratives (LAU)</li> <li><strong>Geopolis</strong> : étude de la dynamique du peuplement urbain mondial</li> <li><strong>Topolis*</strong> : étude de la toponymie</li> <li><strong>Cartopolis*</strong> : pôle d’imagerie et de représentation cartographique inhérents à nos recherches</li> </ul> <p style="text-align: right;">* ces domaines ne sont pas actuellement portés, mais nous recherchons des porteurs de projets susceptibles de s’inscrire dans notre démarche.</p> </div></div></div><div class="fusion-clearfix"></div><div class="fusion-column-wrapper" style="content:'';z-index:-1;position:absolute;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;left:0;background-position:left top;background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;" data-bg-url=""></div> </div> </div><div class="fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion_builder_column_1_2 fusion-one-half fusion-column-last 1_2" style='margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;width:48%'> <div class="fusion-column-wrapper" style="padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;" data-bg-url=""> <div class="fusion-clearfix"></div><div class="fusion-column-wrapper" style="content:'';z-index:-1;position:absolute;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;left:0;background-position:left top;background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;" data-bg-url=""></div> </div> </div></div></div><div class="fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-parallax-fixed nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling" style='background-color: #ff9800;background-image: url("http://e-geopolis.org/wp-content/uploads/slider-bdd.png");background-position: center center;background-repeat: no-repeat;padding-top:30px;padding-right:30px;padding-bottom:30px;padding-left:30px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-top: 0px;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;background-attachment:fixed;'><div class="fusion-builder-row fusion-row "><div class="fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion_builder_column_1_2 fusion-one-half fusion-column-first 1_2" style='margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;width:48%; margin-right: 4%;'> <div class="fusion-column-wrapper" style="padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;" data-bg-url=""> <div class="fusion-clearfix"></div><div class="fusion-column-wrapper" style="content:'';z-index:-1;position:absolute;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;left:0;background-position:left top;background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;" data-bg-url=""></div> </div> </div><div class="fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion_builder_column_1_2 fusion-one-half fusion-column-last fusion-blend-mode 1_2" style='margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;width:48%'> <div class="fusion-column-wrapper" style="background-color:#ffffff;padding: 30px 30px 30px 30px;" data-bg-url=""> <div class="fusion-column-content-centered"><div class="fusion-column-content"><div class="fusion-title title sep-underline sep-solid fusion-title-size-three" style="border-bottom-color:#ff9800;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:31px;"><h3 class="title-heading-left">Origine et objectifs des projets</h3></div><div class="fusion-text"><p>Fondée en 1990 par François Moriconi-Ebrard, la base de données <em>Geopolis</em> visait à produire des données harmonisées sur l’évolution de la population des agglomérations urbaines pour chaque décennie de 1950 à 1990 à l’échelle du monde. La première publication scientifique date de 1991. 25 ans plus tard, les citations de ce travail de référence se comptent par milliers, spécialement dans les milieux scientifiques et il n’existe toujours pas d’autre base de données mondiale sur ce sujet.</p> <p>La constitution d’un échantillon empirique exhaustif devait surmonter trois défis techniques :</p> <ul> <li>chaque objet géographique de la base de données devait être défini de manière strictement homogène ;</li> <li>pour ne pas réduire <em>a priori</em> le concept « urbain » aux seules grandes villes, la base de données devait être en mesure de saisir les agglomérations les plus petites possible ;</li> <li>étant donnée la pauvreté des appareils statistiques d’un grand nombre de pays, les intrants de la définition devaient être les plus courants et les plus accessibles.</li> </ul> <p>Parmi les solutions envisagées, une seule répondait aux trois conditions : l’agglomération dite morphologique. De plus cette approche était largement reconnue par les chercheurs et les statisticiens de plusieurs pays, notamment par l’INSEE en France, et elle était recommandée par le département Population des Nations-Unies dans une note méthodologique à l’intention des offices statistiques nationaux.</p> <p>Une agglomération <em>Geopolis</em> est donc un ensemble bâti continu. La continuité est définie par un seuil quantitatif : une distance maximum de 200 mètres entre les constructions. Elle est ensuite classée comme « urbaine » si sa population atteint au moins 10 000 habitants.</p> <p>Structurellement, elle est construite à partir du croisement de deux sources indépendantes : d’une part, une délimitation spatiale de l’extension du bâti, restituée par les cartes et les images aériennes ; d’autre part, les résultats des dénombrements de population réalisés par les institutions nationales au niveau des unités territoriales les plus fines appelées LAU (<em>local administratif unit</em>), ces derniers permettant d’estimer le nombre d’habitants.<a href="#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1"></a></p> </div></div></div><div class="fusion-clearfix"></div><div class="fusion-column-wrapper" style="content:'';z-index:-1;position:absolute;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;left:0;background-position:left top;background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;" data-bg-url=""></div> </div> </div></div></div><div class="fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-ie-mode fusion-parallax-fixed nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling" style='background-color: rgba(255,255,255,0);background-image: url("http://e-geopolis.org/wp-content/uploads/1439161606931463-300x193.jpg");background-position: center center;background-repeat: no-repeat;padding-top:30px;padding-right:30px;padding-bottom:30px;padding-left:30px;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;background-attachment:fixed;'><div class="fusion-builder-row fusion-row "><div class="fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion_builder_column_1_2 fusion-one-half fusion-column-first fusion-blend-mode 1_2" style='margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;width:50%;width:calc(50% - ( ( 4% ) * 0.5 ) );margin-right: 4%;'> <div class="fusion-column-wrapper" style="background-color:#ffffff;padding: 30px 30px 30px 30px;" data-bg-url=""> <div class="fusion-title title sep-underline sep-solid fusion-title-size-three" style="border-bottom-color:#ff9800;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:31px;"><h3 class="title-heading-left">Un outil de travail</h3></div><div class="fusion-text"><p>Aujourd’hui, E-Geopolis, détient près de 200 ans de données démographiques mondiales. Avec le projet de créer une base de données présentant l’ensemble de ses données et résultats, l’institut oeuvre pour la diffusion du savoir scientifique tout en se remettant en cause en permanence, ses méthodes et processus afin de fournir les résultats les plus proches de la réalité.</p> <p>Cette base de données constitue à la fois un outil de consultation en ligne, mais aussi un outil de collaboration scientifique.</p> <p>Cette base données rassemblera pour l’ensemble des données <strong>Geokhoris</strong>, <strong>Geopolis</strong>, <strong>Topolis</strong> et <strong>Cartopolis</strong>.</p> </div><div class="fusion-clearfix"></div><div class="fusion-column-wrapper" style="content:'';z-index:-1;position:absolute;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;left:0;background-position:left top;background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;" data-bg-url=""></div> </div> </div></div></div> </div> </div> </section> </div>  </main>  <div class="fusion-footer"> <footer id="footer" class="fusion-footer-copyright-area"> <div class="fusion-row"> <div class="fusion-copyright-content"> <div class="fusion-copyright-notice"> <div> Copyright 2008 - 2018 E-Geopolis | Tous droits réservés | <a href="http://e-geopolis.org/cgu-et-mentions-legales/">CGU & Mentions légales</a> </div> </div> <div class="fusion-social-links-footer"> <div class="fusion-social-networks"><div class="fusion-social-networks-wrapper"><a class="fusion-social-network-icon fusion-tooltip fusion-facebook fusion-icon-facebook" style="color:#ffffff;" href="https://www.facebook.com/Association-e-Geopolis-1609552312422568/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-placement="bottom" data-title="Facebook" data-toggle="tooltip" title="Facebook"><span class="screen-reader-text">Facebook</span></a><a class="fusion-social-network-icon fusion-tooltip fusion-linkedin fusion-icon-linkedin" style="color:#ffffff;" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/18549985/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-placement="bottom" data-title="LinkedIn" data-toggle="tooltip" title="LinkedIn"><span class="screen-reader-text">LinkedIn</span></a><a class="fusion-social-network-icon fusion-tooltip fusion-rss fusion-icon-rss" style="color:#ffffff;" href="http://e-geopolis.org/feed/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-placement="bottom" data-title="Rss" data-toggle="tooltip" title="Rss"><span class="screen-reader-text">Rss</span></a></div></div></div> </div>  </div>  </footer>  </div>  </div>  <a class="fusion-one-page-text-link fusion-page-load-link"></a> <script> ( function ( body ) { 'use strict'; body.className = body.className.replace( /\btribe-no-js\b/, 'tribe-js' ); } )( document.body ); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> jQuery( document ).ready( function() { var ajaxurl = 'http://e-geopolis.org/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php'; if ( 0 < jQuery( '.fusion-login-nonce' ).length ) { jQuery.get( ajaxurl, { 'action': 'fusion_login_nonce' }, function( response ) { jQuery( '.fusion-login-nonce' ).html( response ); }); } }); </script> <script> /* <![CDATA[ */var tribe_l10n_datatables = {"aria":{"sort_ascending":": activer pour trier la colonne ascendante","sort_descending":": activer pour trier la colonne descendante"},"length_menu":"Afficher les saisies _MENU_","empty_table":"Aucune donn\u00e9e disponible sur le tableau","info":"Affichant_START_ \u00e0 _END_ du _TOTAL_ des saisies","info_empty":"Affichant 0 \u00e0 0 de 0 saisies","info_filtered":"(filtr\u00e9 \u00e0 partir du total des saisies _MAX_ )","zero_records":"Aucun enregistrement correspondant trouv\u00e9","search":"Rechercher :","all_selected_text":"Tous les \u00e9l\u00e9ments de cette page ont \u00e9t\u00e9 s\u00e9lectionn\u00e9s. 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