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<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript>    <title>Search results for: Cognitive Therapy</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Cognitive Therapy"> <meta name="keywords" content="Cognitive Therapy"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Cognitive Therapy"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 521</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Cognitive Therapy</h1> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">521</span> Cognitive Behaviour Therapy to Treat Social Anxiety Disorder: A Psychology Case</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Yasmin%20Binti%20Othman%20Mydin">Yasmin Binti Othman Mydin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mohd.%20Fadzillah%20Abdul%20Razak"> Mohd. Fadzillah Abdul Razak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy is the first cognitive behavior therapy which was introduced by Albert Ellis. This is a systematic and structured psychotherapy which is effective in treating various psychological problems. A patient, 25 years old male, experienced intense fear and situational panic attack to return to his faculty and to face his class-mates after a long absence (2 years). This social anxiety disorder was a major factor that impeded the progress of his study. He was treated with the use of behavioural technique such as relaxation breathing technique and cognitive techniques such as imagery, cognitive restructuring, rationalization technique and systematic desensitization. The patient reported positive improvement in the anxiety disorder, able to progress well in studies and lead a better quality of life as a student. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Anxiety" title="Anxiety">Anxiety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=behaviour" title=" behaviour"> behaviour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=cognitive" title=" cognitive"> cognitive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=therapy" title=" therapy"> therapy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6390/cognitive-behaviour-therapy-to-treat-social-anxiety-disorder-a-psychology-case" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6390/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6390/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6390/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6390/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6390/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6390/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6390/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6390/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6390/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6390/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6390.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2188</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">520</span> Pilot Trial of Evidence-Based Integrative Group Therapy to Improve Executive Functioning among Adults: Implications for Community Mental Health and Training Clinics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=B.%20Parchem">B. Parchem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Watanabe"> M. Watanabe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=D.%20Modrakovic"> D. Modrakovic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=L.%20Mathew"> L. Mathew</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Franklin"> A. Franklin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Cao"> M. Cao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=R.%20E.%20Broudy"> R. E. Broudy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: Executive functioning (EF) deficits underlie several mental health diagnoses including ADHD, anxiety, and depression. Community mental health clinics face extensive waitlists for services with many referrals involving EF deficits. A pilot trial of a four-week group therapy was developed using key components from Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), and mindfulness with an aim to improve EF skills and offer low-fee services. Method: Eight adults (M = 34.5) waiting for services at a community clinic were enrolled in a four-week group therapy at an in-house training clinic for doctoral trainees. Baseline EF, pre-/post-intervention ADHD and distress symptoms, group satisfaction, and curriculum helpfulness were assessed. Results: Downward trends in ADHD and distress symptoms pre/post-intervention were not significant. Favorable responses on group satisfaction and helpfulness suggest clinical utility. Conclusion: Preliminary pilot data from a brief group therapy to improve EF may be an efficacious, acceptable, and feasible intervention for adults waiting for services at community mental health and training clinics where there are high demands and limits to services and staffs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Executive%20functioning" title="Executive functioning">Executive functioning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=cognitive-behavioral%20therapy" title=" cognitive-behavioral therapy"> cognitive-behavioral therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=dialectical%20behavior%20therapy" title=" dialectical behavior therapy"> dialectical behavior therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=mindfulness" title=" mindfulness"> mindfulness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=adult%20group%20therapy." title=" adult group therapy."> adult group therapy.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011148/pilot-trial-of-evidence-based-integrative-group-therapy-to-improve-executive-functioning-among-adults-implications-for-community-mental-health-and-training-clinics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011148/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011148/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011148/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011148/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011148/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011148/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011148/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011148/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011148/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011148/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011148.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">785</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">519</span> The Efficacy of Self-Administered Danger Ideation Reduction Therapy for a 50-year Old Woman with a 20 Year History of Obsessive- Compulsive Disorder: A Case Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mairwen%20K.%20Jones">Mairwen K. Jones</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Lynne%20Harris"> Lynne Harris</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Lisa%20D.%20Vaccaro"> Lisa D. Vaccaro</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a common and disabling condition. Therapist-delivered treatments that use exposure and response prevention have been found to be very effective in treating OCD, although they are costly and associated with high rates of attrition. Effective treatments that can be made widely available without the need for therapist contact are urgently needed. This case study represents the first published investigation of a self-administered cognitive treatment for OCD in a 50-year old female with a 20 year history of OCD. The treatment evaluation occurred over 27 weeks, including 12 weeks of self-administration of the Danger Ideation Reduction Therapy (DIRT) program. Decreases of between 23% to 33% on measures from pre-treatment to follow-up were observed. Bearing in mind the methodological limitations associated with a case study, we conclude that the results reported here are encouraging and indicate that further research effort evaluating the effectiveness of self-administered DIRT is warranted. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Anxiety%20Treatment" title="Anxiety Treatment">Anxiety Treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cognitive%20Therapy" title=" Cognitive Therapy"> Cognitive Therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Danger%0AIdeation%20Reduction%20Therapy" title=" Danger Ideation Reduction Therapy"> Danger Ideation Reduction Therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Obsessive%E2%80%93Compulsive%20Disorder" title=" Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder"> Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Self-%0AAdministered%20Danger%20Ideation%20Reduction%20Therapy." title=" Self- Administered Danger Ideation Reduction Therapy."> Self- Administered Danger Ideation Reduction Therapy.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1917/the-efficacy-of-self-administered-danger-ideation-reduction-therapy-for-a-50-year-old-woman-with-a-20-year-history-of-obsessive-compulsive-disorder-a-case-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1917/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1917/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1917/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1917/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1917/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1917/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1917/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1917/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1917/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1917/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1917.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1768</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">518</span> The Efficacy of Danger Ideation Reduction Therapy for an 86-Year Old Man with a 63-Year History of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Case Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mairwen%20K.%20Jones">Mairwen K. Jones</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Bethany%20M.%20Wootton"> Bethany M. Wootton</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Lisa%20D.%20Vaccaro"> Lisa D. Vaccaro</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> While OCD is one of the most commonly occurring psychiatric conditions experienced by older adults, there is a paucity of research conducted into the treatment of older adults with OCD. This case study represents the first published investigation of a cognitive treatment for geriatric OCD. It describes the successful treatment of an 86-year old man with a 63-year history of OCD using Danger Ideation Reduction Therapy (DIRT). The client received 14 individual, 50-minute treatment sessions of DIRT over 13 weeks. Clinician-based Y-BOCS scores reduced 84% from 25 (severe) at pre-treatment, to 4 (subclinical) at 6-month post-treatment follow-up interview, demonstrating the efficacy of DIRT for this client. DIRT may have particular advantages over ERP and pharmacological approaches, however further research is required in older adults with OCD. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cognitive%20Therapy" title="Cognitive Therapy">Cognitive Therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Danger%20Ideation%20Reduction%0ATherapy" title=" Danger Ideation Reduction Therapy"> Danger Ideation Reduction Therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Obsessive-Compulsive%20Disorder" title=" Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder"> Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Older%20adults" title=" Older adults"> Older adults</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Psychogeriatrics" title=" Psychogeriatrics"> Psychogeriatrics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5618/the-efficacy-of-danger-ideation-reduction-therapy-for-an-86-year-old-man-with-a-63-year-history-of-obsessive-compulsive-disorder-a-case-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5618/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5618/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5618/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5618/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5618/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5618/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5618/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5618/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5618/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5618/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5618.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1925</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">517</span> Big Bang – Big Crunch Learning Method for Fuzzy Cognitive Maps</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Engin%20Yesil">Engin Yesil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Leon%20Urbas"> Leon Urbas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Modeling of complex dynamic systems, which are very complicated to establish mathematical models, requires new and modern methodologies that will exploit the existing expert knowledge, human experience and historical data. Fuzzy cognitive maps are very suitable, simple, and powerful tools for simulation and analysis of these kinds of dynamic systems. However, human experts are subjective and can handle only relatively simple fuzzy cognitive maps; therefore, there is a need of developing new approaches for an automated generation of fuzzy cognitive maps using historical data. In this study, a new learning algorithm, which is called Big Bang-Big Crunch, is proposed for the first time in literature for an automated generation of fuzzy cognitive maps from data. Two real-world examples; namely a process control system and radiation therapy process, and one synthetic model are used to emphasize the effectiveness and usefulness of the proposed methodology. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Big%20Bang-Big%20Crunch%20optimization" title="Big Bang-Big Crunch optimization">Big Bang-Big Crunch optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dynamic%0ASystems" title=" Dynamic Systems"> Dynamic Systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fuzzy%20Cognitive%20Maps" title=" Fuzzy Cognitive Maps"> Fuzzy Cognitive Maps</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Learning." title=" Learning."> Learning.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14767/big-bang-big-crunch-learning-method-for-fuzzy-cognitive-maps" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14767/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14767/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14767/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14767/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14767/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14767/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14767/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14767/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14767/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14767/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14767.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1841</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">516</span> Neurological Manifestations in Patients with HIV Infection in the Era of Combined Antiretroviral Therapy </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sharan%20Badiger">Sharan Badiger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Prema%20T.%20Akkasaligar"> Prema T. Akkasaligar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Deepak%20Kadeli"> Deepak Kadeli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Vishok"> M. Vishok </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Neurological disorders are the most debilitating of manifestations seen in patients infected with HIV. The clinical profile of neurological manifestations in HIV patients has undergone a shift in recent years with opportunistic infections being controlled with combination anti-retroviral therapy and the advent of drugs which have higher central nervous system penetrability. The aim of this paper is to study the clinical, investigation profile and various neurological disorders in HIV patients on anti‐retroviral therapy. Fifty HIV patients with neurological manifestations were studied. A complete neurological examination including neurocognitive functioning using Montreal Cognitive Assessment and HIV Dementia scale were assessed. Apart from relevant investigations, CD4 count, cerebrovascular fluid analysis, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of brain were done whenever required. Neurocognitive disorders formed the largest group with 42% suffering from HIV associated Neurocognitive Disorders. Among them, asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment was seen in 28%; mild neurocognitive disorder in 12%, and 2% had HIV‐associated dementia. Opportunistic infections of the nervous system accounted for 32%, with meningitis being the most common. Four patients had space occupying lesions of central nervous system; four tuberculomas, and one toxoplasmosis. With the advent of highly active retroviral therapy, HIV patients have longer life spans with suppression of viral load leading to decrease in opportunistic infections of the nervous system. Neurocognitive disorders are now the most common neurological dysfunction seen and thus neurocognitive assessment must be done in all patients with HIV.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Anti%20retroviral%20therapy" title="Anti retroviral therapy">Anti retroviral therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=cognitive%20dysfunction" title=" cognitive dysfunction"> cognitive dysfunction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=dementia" title=" dementia"> dementia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=neurological%20manifestations" title=" neurological manifestations"> neurological manifestations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=opportunistic%20infections." title=" opportunistic infections."> opportunistic infections.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004102/neurological-manifestations-in-patients-with-hiv-infection-in-the-era-of-combined-antiretroviral-therapy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004102/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004102/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004102/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004102/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004102/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004102/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004102/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004102/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004102/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004102/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004102.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1668</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">515</span> The Effect of Drug Prevention Programme Based On Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (Cbt) and Multidimensional Self Concept Module towards Resiliency and Aggression among At-Risk Youth in Malaysia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mohammad%20Aziz%20Shah%20Mohamed%20Arip">Mohammad Aziz Shah Mohamed Arip</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Aslina%20Ahmad"> Aslina Ahmad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fauziah%20Mohd%20Sa%27ad"> Fauziah Mohd Sa'ad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Samsiah%20Mohd%20Jais"> Samsiah Mohd Jais</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Syed%20Sofian%20Syed%20Salim"> Syed Sofian Syed Salim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>This experimental study evaluates the effect of using Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Multidimensional Self- Concept Model (MSCM) in a drug prevention programme to increase resiliency and reduce aggression among at-risk youth in Malaysia. A number of 60 (N=60) university students who were at-risk of taking drugs were involved in this study. Participants were identified with self-rating scales, Adolescent Resilience Attitude Scale (ARAS) and Aggression Questionnaire. Based on the mean score of these instruments, the participants were divided into the treatment group, and the control group. Data were analyzed using t-test. The finding showed that the mean score of resiliency was increased in the treatment group compared to the control group. It also shows that the mean score of aggression was reduced in the treatment group compared to the control group. Drug Prevention Programme was found to help in enhancing resiliency and reducing aggression among participants in the treatment group compared to the controlled group. Implications were given regarding the preventive actions on drug abuse among youth in Malaysia.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Drug%20Prevention%20Programme" title="Drug Prevention Programme">Drug Prevention Programme</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cognitive-Behavioral%0D%0ATherapy%20%28CBT%29" title=" Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT)"> Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Multidimensional%20Self%20Concept%20Model%20%28MSCM%29" title=" Multidimensional Self Concept Model (MSCM)"> Multidimensional Self Concept Model (MSCM)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=resiliency" title=" resiliency"> resiliency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=aggression" title=" aggression"> aggression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=at-risk%20youth." title=" at-risk youth."> at-risk youth.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000817/the-effect-of-drug-prevention-programme-based-on-cognitive-behavioral-therapy-cbt-and-multidimensional-self-concept-module-towards-resiliency-and-aggression-among-at-risk-youth-in-malaysia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000817/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000817/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000817/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000817/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000817/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000817/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000817/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000817/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000817/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000817/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000817.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2791</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">514</span> Definition of Cognitive Infocommunications and an Architectural Implementation of Cognitive Infocommunications Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Peter%20Baranyi">Peter Baranyi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Gyorgy%20Persa"> Gyorgy Persa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Adam%20Csapo"> Adam Csapo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cognitive Infocommunications (CogInfoCom) is a new research direction which has emerged as the synergic convergence of infocommunications and the cognitive sciences. In this paper, we provide the definition of CogInfoCom, and propose an architectural framework for the interaction-oriented design of CogInfoCom systems. We provide the outlines of an application example of the interaction-oriented architecture, and briefly discuss its main characteristics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cognitive%20infocommunications" title="Cognitive infocommunications">Cognitive infocommunications</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=CogInfoCom" title=" CogInfoCom"> CogInfoCom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cognitive%0AInfocommunication%20Channels" title=" Cognitive Infocommunication Channels"> Cognitive Infocommunication Channels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=CogInfoCom%20channels" title=" CogInfoCom channels"> CogInfoCom channels</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12722/definition-of-cognitive-infocommunications-and-an-architectural-implementation-of-cognitive-infocommunications-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12722/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12722/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12722/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12722/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12722/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12722/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12722/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12722/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12722/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12722/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12722.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1762</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">513</span> What Do Young People Seeking Professional Help Want and Expect From Therapy?</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Clare%20Watsford">Clare Watsford</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Debra%20Rickwood"> Debra Rickwood</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Client expectations and preferences about therapy represent an important area of investigation as research shows they are linked to engagement in therapy and therapy outcomes. Studies examining young people-s expectations and preferences of therapy remain a neglected area of research. The present study explored what expectations and preferences young people seeking professional help held regarding: their role as a client, their therapist-s role, their therapeutic outcomes, and the processes of therapy. Gender and age differences were also examined. Participants included 188 young people aged 12-25 who completed a survey while attending their initial session at a youth mental health service. Data were analysed using quantitative methods. Results found the young people held significantly more pessimistic expectations around therapy when compared to what they had wanted therapy to be like. Few age and gender differences were found. Results highlight the importance of a collaborative therapy approach when working with young people. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Client%20expectations" title="Client expectations">Client expectations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=mental%20health%20services" title=" mental health services"> mental health services</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=preferences" title="preferences">preferences</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=young%20people" title=" young people"> young people</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5522/what-do-young-people-seeking-professional-help-want-and-expect-from-therapy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5522/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5522/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5522/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5522/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5522/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5522/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5522/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5522/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5522/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5522/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5522.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1757</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">512</span> Evaluation Pattern of Cognitive Processes in Language in Written Comprehension</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Agn%C3%A8s%20Garletti">Agnès Garletti</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Our research aims at helping the tutor on line to evaluate the student-s cognitive processes. The student is a learner in French as a Second Language who studies an on-line socio-cognitive scenario in written communication. In our method, these cognitive processes are defined. For that, the language abilities and learning tasks are associated to cognitive operation. Moreover, the found cognitive processes are named with specific terms. The result was to create an instrumental pattern to question the learner about the cognitive processes used to build an item of written comprehension. Our research follows the principles of the third historical generation of studies on the cognitive activity of the text comprehension. The strength of our instrumental pattern stands in the precision and the logical articulation of the questions to the learner. However, the learner-s answers can still be subjective but the precision of the instrument restricts it. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cognitive%20processes" title="Cognitive processes">Cognitive processes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Evaluation%20pattern" title=" Evaluation pattern"> Evaluation pattern</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=French%20as%20asecond%20language" title=" French as asecond language"> French as asecond language</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Socio-cognitive%20scenario" title=" Socio-cognitive scenario"> Socio-cognitive scenario</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Written%20comprehension." title=" Written comprehension."> Written comprehension.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5518/evaluation-pattern-of-cognitive-processes-in-language-in-written-comprehension" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5518/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5518/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5518/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5518/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5518/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5518/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5518/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5518/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5518/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5518/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5518.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1491</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">511</span> Characteristics of Cognitive Functions among Polish Adolescence with Spelling Disorders</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Izabela%20Pietras">Izabela Pietras</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The level of visual abilities, language, memory processes and intellectual functioning development affects the quality of a written text. The following analysis will present the results of diagnostic tests indicating the most common criterion for a group and stating whether a person has been diagnosed with having cognitive developmental level below the group-s average or not.The study-s aim is to determine whether there are specific patterns of cognitive deficits, which can be distinguished among the group of young people with spelling disorders. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=cognitive%20deficits" title="cognitive deficits">cognitive deficits</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=cognitive%20functions" title=" cognitive functions"> cognitive functions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=spellingdisorders" title=" spellingdisorders"> spellingdisorders</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15597/characteristics-of-cognitive-functions-among-polish-adolescence-with-spelling-disorders" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15597/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15597/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15597/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15597/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15597/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15597/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15597/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15597/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15597/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15597/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15597.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1385</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">510</span> A Survey on Metric of Software Cognitive Complexity for OO design</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.Aloysius">A.Aloysius</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=L.%20Arockiam"> L. Arockiam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In modern era, the biggest challenge facing the software industry is the upcoming of new technologies. So, the software engineers are gearing up themselves to meet and manage change in large software system. Also they find it difficult to deal with software cognitive complexities. In the last few years many metrics were proposed to measure the cognitive complexity of software. This paper aims at a comprehensive survey of the metric of software cognitive complexity. Some classic and efficient software cognitive complexity metrics, such as Class Complexity (CC), Weighted Class Complexity (WCC), Extended Weighted Class Complexity (EWCC), Class Complexity due to Inheritance (CCI) and Average Complexity of a program due to Inheritance (ACI), are discussed and analyzed. The comparison and the relationship of these metrics of software complexity are also presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Software%20Metrics" title="Software Metrics">Software Metrics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Software%20Complexity" title=" Software Complexity"> Software Complexity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cognitive%0AInformatics" title=" Cognitive Informatics"> Cognitive Informatics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cognitive%20Complexity" title=" Cognitive Complexity"> Cognitive Complexity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Software%20measurement" title=" Software measurement"> Software measurement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2966/a-survey-on-metric-of-software-cognitive-complexity-for-oo-design" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2966/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2966/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2966/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2966/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2966/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2966/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2966/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2966/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2966/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2966/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2966.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3026</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">509</span> Problem-based Learning Approach to Human Computer Interaction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Oon-Seng%20Tan">Oon-Seng Tan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Human Computer Interaction (HCI) has been an emerging field that draws in the experts from various fields to enhance the application of computer programs and the ease of computer users. HCI has much to do with learning and cognition and an emerging approach to learning and problem-solving is problembased learning (PBL). The processes of PBL involve important cognitive functions in the various stages. This paper will illustrate how closely related fields to HCI, PBL and cognitive psychology can benefit from informing each other through analysing various cognitive functions. Several cognitive functions from cognitive function disc (CFD) would be presented and discussed in relation to human-computer interface. This paper concludes with the implications of bridging the gaps amongst these disciplines. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=problem-based%20learning" title="problem-based learning">problem-based learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=human%20computerinteraction" title=" human computerinteraction"> human computerinteraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=cognitive%20psychology" title=" cognitive psychology"> cognitive psychology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cognitive%20Function%20Disc%20%28CFD%29" title=" Cognitive Function Disc (CFD)"> Cognitive Function Disc (CFD)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3006/problem-based-learning-approach-to-human-computer-interaction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3006/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3006/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3006/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3006/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3006/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3006/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3006/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3006/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3006/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3006/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3006.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2514</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">508</span> Single Port Overlay Cognitive Radio Using Reconfigurable Filtennas</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=V.%20Nagaraju">V. Nagaraju</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Tapas%20Bapu.%20B.%20R"> Tapas Bapu. B. R</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Beryl%20J.%20Victor"> Beryl J. Victor</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In this paper cognitive radio is presented and the spectrum overlay cognitive radio antenna system is detailed. A UWB antenna with frequency reconfigurable characteristics is proposed. The reconfigurability is achieved when the filter is integrated to the feeding line of the single port overlay cognitive radio. When activated, the filter can transform the UWB frequency response into a reconfigurable narrowband one, which is suitable for the communication operation of the CR system. Here single port overlay cognitive radio antenna is designed and simulated using Ansoft High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS).</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Band-pass%20filter" title="Band-pass filter">Band-pass filter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cognitive%20radio" title=" Cognitive radio"> Cognitive radio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=filtenna" title=" filtenna"> filtenna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=frequency%0D%0Areconfigurable" title=" frequency reconfigurable"> frequency reconfigurable</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=ultra-wideband%20antenna." title=" ultra-wideband antenna."> ultra-wideband antenna.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000376/single-port-overlay-cognitive-radio-using-reconfigurable-filtennas" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000376/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000376/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000376/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000376/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000376/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000376/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000376/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000376/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000376/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000376/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000376.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2083</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">507</span> Using the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 and Mini Mental State Examination-2 in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: Case Studies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cornelia-Eugenia%20Munteanu">Cornelia-Eugenia Munteanu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>From a psychological perspective, psychopathology is the area of clinical psychology that has at its core psychological assessment and psychotherapy. In day-to-day clinical practice, psychodiagnosis and psychotherapy are used independently, according to their intended purpose and their specific methods of application. The paper explores how the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) and Mini Mental State Examination-2 (MMSE-2) psychological tools contribute to enhancing the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral psychotherapy (CBT). This combined approach, psychotherapy in conjunction with assessment of personality and cognitive functions, is illustrated by two cases, a severe depressive episode with psychotic symptoms and a mixed anxiety-depressive disorder. The order in which CBT, MMPI-2, and MMSE-2 were used in the diagnostic and therapeutic process was determined by the particularities of each case. In the first case, the sequence started with psychotherapy, followed by the administration of blue form MMSE-2, MMPI-2, and red form MMSE-2. In the second case, the cognitive screening with blue form MMSE-2 led to a personality assessment using MMPI-2, followed by red form MMSE-2; reapplication of the MMPI-2 due to the invalidation of the first profile, and finally, psychotherapy. The MMPI-2 protocols gathered useful information that directed the steps of therapeutic intervention: a detailed symptom picture of potentially self-destructive thoughts and behaviors otherwise undetected during the interview. The memory loss and poor concentration were confirmed by MMSE-2 cognitive screening. This combined approach, psychotherapy with psychological assessment, aligns with the trend of adaptation of the psychological services to the everyday life of contemporary man and paves the way for deepening and developing the field.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Assessment" title="Assessment">Assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=cognitive%20behavioral%20psychotherapy" title=" cognitive behavioral psychotherapy"> cognitive behavioral psychotherapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=MMPI-2" title=" MMPI-2"> MMPI-2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=MMSE-2" title=" MMSE-2"> MMSE-2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=psychopathology." title=" psychopathology."> psychopathology.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008989/using-the-minnesota-multiphasic-personality-inventory-2-and-mini-mental-state-examination-2-in-cognitive-behavioral-therapy-case-studies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008989/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008989/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008989/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008989/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008989/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008989/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008989/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008989/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008989/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008989/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008989.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2101</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">506</span> Impact of Behavioral Aspects of Autism on Cognitive Abilities in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Rana%20M.%20Zeina">Rana M. Zeina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Laila%20AL-Ayadhi"> Laila AL-Ayadhi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Shahid%20Bashir"> Shahid Bashir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Cognitive symptoms and behavioral symptoms may, in fact, overlap and be related to the level of the general cognitive function. We have measured the behavioral aspects of autism and its correlation to the cognitive ability in 30 children with ASD. We used a neuropsychological Battery CANTAB eclipse to evaluate the ASD children's cognitive ability. Individuals with ASD and challenging behaviors showed significant correlation between some cognitive abilities and Motor aspects. Based on these findings, we can conclude that the motor behavioral problems in autism affect specific cognitive abilities in ASDs such as comprehension, learning, reversal, acquisition, attention set shifting, and speed of reaction to one stimulus. Future researches should also focus on the relationship between motor stereotypes and other subtypes of repetitive behaviors, such as verbal stereotypes, ritual routine adherence, and the use of different types of CANTAB tests.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Autism" title="Autism">Autism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cognitive%20ability" title=" Cognitive ability"> Cognitive ability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Motor%20Behavior" title=" Motor Behavior"> Motor Behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=and%20Neuropsychological%20battery." title=" and Neuropsychological battery."> and Neuropsychological battery.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998605/impact-of-behavioral-aspects-of-autism-on-cognitive-abilities-in-children-with-autism-spectrum-disorder" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998605/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998605/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998605/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998605/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998605/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998605/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998605/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998605/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998605/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998605/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998605.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2136</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">505</span> Study of Pre-Handwriting Factors Necessary for Successful Handwriting in Children</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Lalitchandra%20J.%20Shah">Lalitchandra J. Shah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Katarzyna%20Bialek"> Katarzyna Bialek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Melinda%20L.%20Clarke"> Melinda L. Clarke</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jessica%20L.%20Jansson"> Jessica L. Jansson</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Handwriting is essential to academic success; however, the current literature is limited in the identification of pre-handwriting skills. The purpose of this study was to identify the pre-handwriting skills, which occupational therapy practitioners deem important to handwriting success, as well as those which aid in intervention planning. The online survey instrument consisted of 33 questions that assessed various skills related to the development of handwriting, as well as captured demographic information. Both occupational therapists and occupational therapy assistants were included in the survey study. The survey found that the respondents were in agreement that purposeful scribbling, the ability of a child to copy (vertical/horizontal lines, circle, squares, and triangles), imitating an oblique cross, cognitive skills (attention, praxis, self-regulation, sequencing), grasp patterns, hand dominance, in hand manipulation skills (shift, translation, rotation), bilateral integration, stabilization of paper, crossing midline, and visual perception were important indicators of handwriting readiness. The results of the survey support existing research regarding the skills necessary for the successful development of handwriting in children. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Development" title="Development">Development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=handwriting" title=" handwriting"> handwriting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=occupational%20therapy" title=" occupational therapy"> occupational therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=visual%20perceptual%20skills." title=" visual perceptual skills."> visual perceptual skills.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003772/study-of-pre-handwriting-factors-necessary-for-successful-handwriting-in-children" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003772/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003772/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003772/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003772/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003772/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003772/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003772/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003772/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003772/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003772/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003772.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3422</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">504</span> Cognitive Weighted Polymorphism Factor: A Comprehension Augmented Complexity Metric</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=T.%20Francis%20Thamburaj">T. Francis Thamburaj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Aloysius"> A. Aloysius</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Polymorphism is one of the main pillars of objectoriented paradigm. It induces hidden forms of class dependencies which may impact software quality, resulting in higher cost factor for comprehending, debugging, testing, and maintaining the software. In this paper, a new cognitive complexity metric called Cognitive Weighted Polymorphism Factor (CWPF) is proposed. Apart from the software structural complexity, it includes the cognitive complexity on the basis of type. The cognitive weights are calibrated based on 27 empirical studies with 120 persons. A case study and experimentation of the new software metric shows positive results. Further, a comparative study is made and the correlation test has proved that CWPF complexity metric is a better, more comprehensive, and more realistic indicator of the software complexity than Abreu’s Polymorphism Factor (PF) complexity metric. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cognitive%20complexity%20metric" title="Cognitive complexity metric">Cognitive complexity metric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=cognitive%20weighted%0D%0Apolymorphism%20factor" title=" cognitive weighted polymorphism factor"> cognitive weighted polymorphism factor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=object-oriented%20metrics" title=" object-oriented metrics"> object-oriented metrics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=polymorphism%20factor" title=" polymorphism factor"> polymorphism factor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=software%20metrics." title=" software metrics."> software metrics.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002880/cognitive-weighted-polymorphism-factor-a-comprehension-augmented-complexity-metric" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002880/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002880/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002880/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002880/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002880/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002880/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002880/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002880/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002880/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002880/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002880.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2226</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">503</span> Measuring Cognitive Load - A Solution to Ease Learning of Programming </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Muhammed%20Yousoof">Muhammed Yousoof</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mohd%20Sapiyan"> Mohd Sapiyan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Khaja%20Kamaluddin"> Khaja Kamaluddin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Learning programming is difficult for many learners. Some researches have found that the main difficulty relates to cognitive load. Cognitive overload happens in programming due to the nature of the subject which is intrinisicly over-bearing on the working memory. It happens due to the complexity of the subject itself. The problem is made worse by the poor instructional design methodology used in the teaching and learning process. Various efforts have been proposed to reduce the cognitive load, e.g. visualization softwares, part-program method etc. Use of many computer based systems have also been tried to tackle the problem. However, little success has been made to alleviate the problem. More has to be done to overcome this hurdle. This research attempts at understanding how cognitive load can be managed so as to reduce the problem of overloading. We propose a mechanism to measure the cognitive load during pre instruction, post instruction and in instructional stages of learning. This mechanism is used to help the instruction. As the load changes the instruction is made to adapt itself to ensure cognitive viability. This mechanism could be incorporated as a sub domain in the student model of various computer based instructional systems to facilitate the learning of programming.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cognitive%20load" title="Cognitive load">Cognitive load</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Working%20memory" title=" Working memory"> Working memory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cognitive%20Loadmeasurement." title=" Cognitive Loadmeasurement."> Cognitive Loadmeasurement.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12683/measuring-cognitive-load-a-solution-to-ease-learning-of-programming" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12683/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12683/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12683/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12683/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12683/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12683/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12683/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12683/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12683/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12683/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12683.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2561</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">502</span> The Effectiveness of Metaphor Therapy on Depression among Female Students</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Marzieh%20Talebzadeh%20Shoushtari">Marzieh Talebzadeh Shoushtari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of Metaphor therapy on depression among female students. The sample included 60 female students with depression symptoms selected by simple sampling and randomly divided into two equal groups (experimental and control groups). Beck Depression Inventory was used to measure the variables. This was an experimental study with a pre-test/post-test design with control group. Eight metaphor therapy sessions were held for the experimental group. A post-test was administered to both groups. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA). Results showed that the Metaphor therapy decreased depression in the experimental group compared to the control group. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Metaphor%20therapy" title="Metaphor therapy">Metaphor therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=depression" title=" depression"> depression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=female" title=" female"> female</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=students." title=" students."> students.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002388/the-effectiveness-of-metaphor-therapy-on-depression-among-female-students" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002388/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002388/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002388/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002388/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002388/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002388/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002388/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002388/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002388/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002388/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002388.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2743</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">501</span> Development of a Real-Time Brain-Computer Interface for Interactive Robot Therapy: An Exploration of EEG and EMG Features during Hypnosis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Maryam%20Alimardani">Maryam Alimardani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Kazuo%20Hiraki"> Kazuo Hiraki</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study presents a framework for development of a new generation of therapy robots that can interact with users by monitoring their physiological and mental states. Here, we focused on one of the controversial methods of therapy, hypnotherapy. Hypnosis has shown to be useful in treatment of many clinical conditions. But, even for healthy people, it can be used as an effective technique for relaxation or enhancement of memory and concentration. Our aim is to develop a robot that collects information about user’s mental and physical states using electroencephalogram (EEG) and electromyography (EMG) signals and performs costeffective hypnosis at the comfort of user’s house. The presented framework consists of three main steps: (1) Find the EEG-correlates of mind state before, during, and after hypnosis and establish a cognitive model for state changes, (2) Develop a system that can track the changes in EEG and EMG activities in real time and determines if the user is ready for suggestion, and (3) Implement our system in a humanoid robot that will talk and conduct hypnosis on users based on their mental states. This paper presents a pilot study in regard to the first stage, detection of EEG and EMG features during hypnosis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hypnosis" title="Hypnosis">Hypnosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=EEG" title=" EEG"> EEG</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=robotherapy" title=" robotherapy"> robotherapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=brain-computer%20interface." title=" brain-computer interface."> brain-computer interface.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006374/development-of-a-real-time-brain-computer-interface-for-interactive-robot-therapy-an-exploration-of-eeg-and-emg-features-during-hypnosis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006374/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006374/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006374/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006374/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006374/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006374/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006374/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006374/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006374/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006374/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006374.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1569</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">500</span> Towards Better Understanding of the Concept of Tacit Knowledge – A Cognitive Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ilkka%20J.%20Virtanen">Ilkka J. Virtanen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Tacit knowledge has been one of the most discussed and contradictory concepts in the field of knowledge management since the mid 1990s. The concept is used relatively vaguely to refer to any type of information that is difficult to articulate, which has led to discussions about the original meaning of the concept (adopted from Polanyi-s philosophy) and the nature of tacit knowing. It is proposed that the subject should be approached from the perspective of cognitive science in order to connect tacit knowledge to empirically studied cognitive phenomena. Some of the most important examples of tacit knowing presented by Polanyi are analyzed in order to trace the cognitive mechanisms of tacit knowing and to promote better understanding of the nature of tacit knowledge. The cognitive approach to Polanyi-s theory reveals that the tacit/explicit typology of knowledge often presented in the knowledge management literature is not only artificial but totally opposite approach compared to Polanyi-s thinking. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cognitive%20science" title="Cognitive science">Cognitive science</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=explicit%20knowledge" title=" explicit knowledge"> explicit knowledge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=knowledgemanagement" title=" knowledgemanagement"> knowledgemanagement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=tacit%20knowledge." title=" tacit knowledge."> tacit knowledge.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4058/towards-better-understanding-of-the-concept-of-tacit-knowledge-a-cognitive-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4058/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4058/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4058/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4058/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4058/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4058/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4058/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4058/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4058/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4058/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4058.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2456</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">499</span> Enhancement of Capacity in a MC-CDMA based Cognitive Radio Network Using Non-Cooperative Game Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Kalyani%20J.%20Kulkarni">Kalyani J. Kulkarni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Bharat%20S.%20Chaudhari"> Bharat S. Chaudhari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper addresses the issue of resource allocation in the emerging cognitive technology. Focusing the Quality of Service (QoS) of Primary Users (PU), a novel method is proposed for the resource allocation of Secondary Users (SU). In this paper, we propose the unique Utility Function in the game theoretic model of Cognitive Radio which can be maximized to increase the capacity of the Cognitive Radio Network (CRN) and to minimize the interference scenario. Utility function is formulated to cater the need of PUs by observing Signal to Noise ratio. Existence of Nash Equilibrium for the postulated game is established. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cognitive%20Networks" title="Cognitive Networks">Cognitive Networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Game%20Theory" title=" Game Theory"> Game Theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nash%0D%0AEquilibrium" title=" Nash Equilibrium"> Nash Equilibrium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Resource%20Allocation." title=" Resource Allocation."> Resource Allocation.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002582/enhancement-of-capacity-in-a-mc-cdma-based-cognitive-radio-network-using-non-cooperative-game-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002582/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002582/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002582/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002582/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002582/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002582/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002582/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002582/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002582/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002582/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002582.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1748</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">498</span> Depression and Its Effects on a Cognitive Performance Test</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=C.%20Noi-Okwei">C. Noi-Okwei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In this study, participants with adjustment disorder with depressed mood (aged 18-54 years) with mild depression (N=18), severe depression (N=12) were compared with healthy controls (N=20) on the Multidimensional Aptitude Battery (MAB) a cognitive performance test. Using One Way Analysis of Variance and Matched Sample t-test. The results of the analysis shows that severely depressed participants performed poorly on the cognitive performance test relative to controls, however there were no significant differences on the cognitive performance test scores between the severely depressed and the mildly depressed. In addition, performance on the non-verbal performance subtest was poorer than that of the verbal subtest, suggesting that depression affects the executive functions of the person.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=adjustment%20disorder" title="adjustment disorder">adjustment disorder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=cognitive%20performance%20test" title=" cognitive performance test"> cognitive performance test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Depression" title="Depression">Depression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=" title=""></a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4470/depression-and-its-effects-on-a-cognitive-performance-test" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4470/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4470/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4470/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4470/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4470/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4470/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4470/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4470/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4470/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4470/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4470.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">4440</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">497</span> Wavelet-Based Spectrum Sensing for Cognitive Radios using Hilbert Transform</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Shiann-Shiun%20Jeng">Shiann-Shiun Jeng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jia-Ming%20Chen"> Jia-Ming Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hong-Zong%20Lin"> Hong-Zong Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Chen-Wan%20Tsung"> Chen-Wan Tsung</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> For cognitive radio networks, there is a major spectrum sensing problem, i.e. dynamic spectrum management. It is an important issue to sense and identify the spectrum holes in cognitive radio networks. The first-order derivative scheme is usually used to detect the edge of the spectrum. In this paper, a novel spectrum sensing technique for cognitive radio is presented. The proposed algorithm offers efficient edge detection. Then, simulation results show the performance of the first-order derivative scheme and the proposed scheme and depict that the proposed scheme obtains better performance than does the first-order derivative scheme. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=cognitive%20radio" title="cognitive radio">cognitive radio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Spectrum%20Sensing" title=" Spectrum Sensing"> Spectrum Sensing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=wavelet" title=" wavelet"> wavelet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=edgedetection" title=" edgedetection"> edgedetection</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1265/wavelet-based-spectrum-sensing-for-cognitive-radios-using-hilbert-transform" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1265/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1265/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1265/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1265/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1265/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1265/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1265/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1265/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1265/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1265/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1265.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2933</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">496</span> An Integrated Cognitive Performance Evaluation Framework for Urban Search and Rescue Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Antonio%20D.%20Lee">Antonio D. Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Steven%20X.%20Jiang"> Steven X. Jiang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A variety of techniques and methods are available to evaluate cognitive performance in Urban Search and Rescue (USAR) applications. However, traditional cognitive performance evaluation techniques typically incorporate either the conscious or systematic aspect, failing to take into consideration the subconscious or intuitive aspect. This leads to incomplete measures and produces ineffective designs. In order to fill the gaps in past research, this study developed a theoretical framework to facilitate the integration of situation awareness (SA) and intuitive pattern recognition (IPR) to enhance the cognitive performance representation in USAR applications. This framework provides guidance to integrate both SA and IPR in order to evaluate the cognitive performance of the USAR responders. The application of this framework will help improve the system design. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cognitive%20performance" title="Cognitive performance">Cognitive performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=intuitive%20pattern%20recognition" title=" intuitive pattern recognition"> intuitive pattern recognition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=situation%20awareness" title=" situation awareness"> situation awareness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=urban%20search%20and%20rescue." title=" urban search and rescue."> urban search and rescue.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004339/an-integrated-cognitive-performance-evaluation-framework-for-urban-search-and-rescue-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004339/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004339/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004339/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004339/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004339/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004339/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004339/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004339/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004339/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004339/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004339.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1495</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">495</span> Is Cognitive Dissonance an Intrinsic Property of the Human Mind? An Experimental Solution to a Half-Century Debate</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=%C3%81lvaro%20Machado%20Dias">Álvaro Machado Dias</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Eduardo%20Oda"> Eduardo Oda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Henrique%20Teruo%20Akiba"> Henrique Teruo Akiba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Leo%20Arruda"> Leo Arruda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Luiz%20Felipe%20Bruder"> Luiz Felipe Bruder</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Cognitive Dissonance can be conceived both as a concept related to the tendency to avoid internal contradictions in certain situations, and as a higher order theory about information processing in the human mind. In the last decades, this last sense has been strongly surpassed by the former, as nearly all experiment on the matter discuss cognitive dissonance as an output of motivational contradictions. In that sense, the question remains: is cognitive dissonance a process intrinsically associated with the way that the mind processes information, or is it caused by such specific contradictions? Objective: To evaluate the effects of cognitive dissonance in the absence of rewards or any mechanisms to manipulate motivation. Method: To solve this question, we introduce a new task, the hypothetical social arrays paradigm, which was applied to 50 undergraduate students. Results: Our findings support the perspective that the human mind shows a tendency to avoid internal dissonance even when there are no rewards or punishment involved. Moreover, our findings also suggest that this principle works outside the conscious level.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cognitive%20Dissonance" title="Cognitive Dissonance">Cognitive Dissonance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cognitive%20Psychology" title=" Cognitive Psychology"> Cognitive Psychology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Information%20Processing." title="Information Processing.">Information Processing.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9305/is-cognitive-dissonance-an-intrinsic-property-of-the-human-mind-an-experimental-solution-to-a-half-century-debate" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9305/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9305/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9305/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9305/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9305/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9305/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9305/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9305/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9305/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9305/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9305.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1639</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">494</span> Underlying Cognitive Complexity Measure Computation with Combinatorial Rules</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Benjapol%20Auprasert">Benjapol Auprasert</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Yachai%20Limpiyakorn"> Yachai Limpiyakorn</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Measuring the complexity of software has been an insoluble problem in software engineering. Complexity measures can be used to predict critical information about testability, reliability, and maintainability of software systems from automatic analysis of the source code. During the past few years, many complexity measures have been invented based on the emerging Cognitive Informatics discipline. These software complexity measures, including cognitive functional size, lend themselves to the approach of the total cognitive weights of basic control structures such as loops and branches. This paper shows that the current existing calculation method can generate different results that are algebraically equivalence. However, analysis of the combinatorial meanings of this calculation method shows significant flaw of the measure, which also explains why it does not satisfy Weyuker's properties. Based on the findings, improvement directions, such as measures fusion, and cumulative variable counting scheme are suggested to enhance the effectiveness of cognitive complexity measures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cognitive%20Complexity%20Measure" title="Cognitive Complexity Measure">Cognitive Complexity Measure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cognitive%20Weight%0Aof%20Basic%20Control%20Structure" title=" Cognitive Weight of Basic Control Structure"> Cognitive Weight of Basic Control Structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Counting%20Rules" title=" Counting Rules"> Counting Rules</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cumulative%20Variable%0ACounting%20Scheme." title=" Cumulative Variable Counting Scheme."> Cumulative Variable Counting Scheme.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11564/underlying-cognitive-complexity-measure-computation-with-combinatorial-rules" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11564/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11564/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11564/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11564/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11564/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11564/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11564/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11564/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11564/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11564/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11564.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1893</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">493</span> Artificial Neural Networks for Cognitive Radio Network: A Survey</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Vishnu%20Pratap%20Singh%20Kirar">Vishnu Pratap Singh Kirar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The main aim of a communication system is to achieve maximum performance. In Cognitive Radio any user or transceiver has ability to sense best suitable channel, while channel is not in use. It means an unlicensed user can share the spectrum of a licensed user without any interference. Though, the spectrum sensing consumes a large amount of energy and it can reduce by applying various artificial intelligent methods for determining proper spectrum holes. It also increases the efficiency of Cognitive Radio Network (CRN). In this survey paper we discuss the use of different learning models and implementation of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to increase the learning and decision making capacity of CRN without affecting bandwidth, cost and signal rate.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Artificial%20Neural%20Network" title="Artificial Neural Network">Artificial Neural Network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cognitive%20Radio" title=" Cognitive Radio"> Cognitive Radio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cognitive%20Radio%20Networks" title=" Cognitive Radio Networks"> Cognitive Radio Networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Back%20Propagation" title=" Back Propagation"> Back Propagation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Spectrum%20Sensing." title=" Spectrum Sensing."> Spectrum Sensing.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000365/artificial-neural-networks-for-cognitive-radio-network-a-survey" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000365/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000365/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000365/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000365/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000365/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000365/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000365/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000365/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000365/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000365/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000365.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">4106</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">492</span> Reducing Cognitive Load in Learning Computer Programming</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Muhammed%20Yousoof">Muhammed Yousoof</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mohd%20Sapiyan"> Mohd Sapiyan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Khaja%20Kamaluddin"> Khaja Kamaluddin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Many difficulties are faced in the process of learning computer programming. This paper will propose a system framework intended to reduce cognitive load in learning programming. In first section focus is given on the process of learning and the shortcomings of the current approaches to learning programming. Finally the proposed prototype is suggested along with the justification of the prototype. In the proposed prototype the concept map is used as visualization metaphor. Concept maps are similar to the mental schema in long term memory and hence it can reduce cognitive load well. In addition other method such as part code method is also proposed in this framework to can reduce cognitive load. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cognitive%20load" title="Cognitive load">Cognitive load</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=concept%20maps" title=" concept maps"> concept maps</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=working%20memory" title=" working memory"> working memory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=split%20attention%20effect" title="split attention effect">split attention effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=partial%20code%20programs." title=" partial code programs."> partial code programs.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/487/reducing-cognitive-load-in-learning-computer-programming" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/487/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" 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